Repository: mcmanigle/OxThesis Branch: master Commit: 7623477f0759 Files: 14 Total size: 1.2 MB Directory structure: gitextract_up65cwoz/ ├── .gitignore ├── INSTALL.txt ├── LICENSE ├── Oxford_Thesis.tex ├── README.md ├── ociamthesis.cls ├── references.bib ├── splitcolor.py └── text/ ├── abbreviations.tex ├── abstract.tex ├── acknowledgements.tex ├── appendix-1.tex ├── ch1-intro.tex └── ch2-litreview.tex ================================================ FILE CONTENTS ================================================ ================================================ FILE: .gitignore ================================================ ## Core latex/pdflatex auxiliary files: *.aux *.lof *.log *.lot *.fls *.out *.toc *.fmt *.fot *.cb *.cb2 ## Intermediate documents: *.dvi *-converted-to.* # these rules might exclude image files for figures etc. # *.ps # *.eps # *.pdf ## Generated if empty string is given at "Please type another file name for output:" .pdf ## Bibliography auxiliary files (bibtex/biblatex/biber): *.bbl *.bcf *.blg *-blx.aux *-blx.bib *.run.xml ## Build tool auxiliary files: *.fdb_latexmk *.synctex *.synctex(busy) *.synctex.gz *.synctex.gz(busy) *.pdfsync ## Auxiliary and intermediate files from other packages: # algorithms *.alg *.loa # achemso acs-*.bib # amsthm *.thm # beamer *.nav *.pre *.snm *.vrb # changes *.soc # cprotect *.cpt # elsarticle (documentclass of Elsevier journals) *.spl # endnotes *.ent # fixme *.lox # feynmf/feynmp *.mf *.mp *.t[1-9] *.t[1-9][0-9] *.tfm #(r)(e)ledmac/(r)(e)ledpar *.end *.?end *.[1-9] *.[1-9][0-9] *.[1-9][0-9][0-9] *.[1-9]R *.[1-9][0-9]R *.[1-9][0-9][0-9]R *.eledsec[1-9] *.eledsec[1-9]R *.eledsec[1-9][0-9] *.eledsec[1-9][0-9]R *.eledsec[1-9][0-9][0-9] *.eledsec[1-9][0-9][0-9]R # glossaries *.acn *.acr *.glg *.glo *.gls *.glsdefs # gnuplottex *-gnuplottex-* # gregoriotex *.gaux *.gtex # hyperref *.brf # knitr *-concordance.tex # TODO Comment the next line if you want to keep your tikz graphics files *.tikz *-tikzDictionary # listings *.lol # makeidx *.idx *.ilg *.ind *.ist # minitoc *.maf *.mlf *.mlt *.mtc[0-9]* *.slf[0-9]* *.slt[0-9]* *.stc[0-9]* # minted _minted* *.pyg # morewrites *.mw # nomencl *.nlo # pax *.pax # pdfpcnotes *.pdfpc # sagetex *.sagetex.sage *.sagetex.py *.sagetex.scmd # scrwfile *.wrt # sympy *.sout *.sympy sympy-plots-for-*.tex/ # pdfcomment *.upa *.upb # pythontex *.pytxcode pythontex-files-*/ # thmtools *.loe # TikZ & PGF *.dpth *.md5 *.auxlock # todonotes *.tdo # easy-todo *.lod # xindy *.xdy # xypic precompiled matrices *.xyc # endfloat *.ttt *.fff # Latexian TSWLatexianTemp* ## Editors: # WinEdt *.bak *.sav # Texpad .texpadtmp # Kile *.backup # KBibTeX *~[0-9]* # auto folder when using emacs and auctex /auto/* # expex forward references with \gathertags *-tags.tex # Mac .DS_Store files .DS_Store ================================================ FILE: INSTALL.txt ================================================ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% OXFORD THESIS TEMPLATE %% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997 % Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007 % Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015 % This version Copyright (c) 2015-2017 John McManigle % % Broad permissions are granted to use, modify, and distribute this software % as specified in the MIT License included in this distribution's LICENSE file. % Use this template to produce a standard thesis that meets the Oxford University requirements for DPhil submission, and should be passable for other thesis-based degrees (e.g. MPhil) as well. In modern LaTeX implementations, you should be able to open Oxford_Thesis.tex with your favorite editor and compile it. By default, this template uses biber/BibLaTeX for references / citations, so you may have to make the appropriate changes in your build preferences. A typical 'full build' should be: 1. pdflatex Oxford_Thesis.tex 2. biber Oxford_Thesis 3. pdflatex Oxford_Thesis.tex 4. pdflatex Oxford_Thesis.tex There should be subfolders called 'text' and 'figures'. Keep all your work in these folders. This will make your life much simpler when you need to go about deleting files creating while compiling while not deleting your actual thesis. Make a new .tex file for each chapter and appendix, and place them in the text folder. If you'll have a figure-intensive thesis, subfolders in 'figures' is a good idea. Use PDF graphics if at all possible. The LaTeX cheat sheet is your friend. Google it. http://tex.stackexchange.com has lots of answers to common LaTeX problems. High-level details on what this template provides can be found at: https://www.oxfordechoes.com/oxford-thesis-template/ ================================================ FILE: LICENSE ================================================ MIT License Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997 Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007 Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015 This version Copyright (c) 2015-2023 John McManigle Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. ================================================ FILE: Oxford_Thesis.tex ================================================ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% OXFORD THESIS TEMPLATE % Use this template to produce a standard thesis that meets the Oxford University requirements for DPhil submission % % Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997 % Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007 % Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015 % % This version Copyright (c) 2015-2023 John McManigle % % Broad permissions are granted to use, modify, and distribute this software % as specified in the MIT License included in this distribution's LICENSE file. % % I've (John) tried to comment this file extensively, so read through it to see how to use the various options. Remember % that in LaTeX, any line starting with a % is NOT executed. Several places below, you have a choice of which line to use % out of multiple options (eg draft vs final, for PDF vs for binding, etc.) When you pick one, add a % to the beginning of % the lines you don't want. %%%%% CHOOSE PAGE LAYOUT % The most common choices should be below. You can also do other things, like replacing "a4paper" with "letterpaper", etc. % This one will format for two-sided binding (ie left and right pages have mirror margins; blank pages inserted where needed): \documentclass[a4paper,twoside]{ociamthesis} % This one will format for one-sided binding (ie left margin > right margin; no extra blank pages): %\documentclass[a4paper]{ociamthesis} % This one will format for PDF output (ie equal margins, no extra blank pages): %\documentclass[a4paper,nobind]{ociamthesis} %%%%% SELECT YOUR DRAFT OPTIONS % Three options going on here; use in any combination. But remember to turn the first two off before % generating a PDF to send to the printer! % This adds a "DRAFT" footer to every normal page. (The first page of each chapter is not a "normal" page.) \fancyfoot[C]{\emph{DRAFT Printed on \today}} % This highlights (in blue) corrections marked with (for words) \mccorrect{blah} or (for whole % paragraphs) \begin{mccorrection} . . . \end{mccorrection}. This can be useful for sending a PDF of % your corrected thesis to your examiners for review. Turn it off, and the blue disappears. \correctionstrue %%%%% BIBLIOGRAPHY SETUP % Note that your bibliography will require some tweaking depending on your department, preferred format, etc. % The options included below are just very basic "sciencey" and "humanitiesey" options to get started. % If you've not used LaTeX before, I recommend reading a little about biblatex/biber and getting started with it. % If you're already a LaTeX pro and are used to natbib or something, modify as necessary. % Either way, you'll have to choose and configure an appropriate bibliography format... % The science-type option: numerical in-text citation with references in order of appearance. \usepackage[style=numeric-comp, sorting=none, backend=biber, doi=false, isbn=false]{biblatex} \newcommand*{\bibtitle}{References} % The humanities-type option: author-year in-text citation with an alphabetical works cited. %\usepackage[style=authoryear, sorting=nyt, backend=biber, maxcitenames=2, useprefix, doi=false, isbn=false]{biblatex} %\newcommand*{\bibtitle}{Works Cited} % This makes the bibliography left-aligned (not 'justified') and slightly smaller font. \renewcommand*{\bibfont}{\raggedright\small} % Change this to the name of your .bib file (usually exported from a citation manager like Zotero or EndNote). \addbibresource{references.bib} % Uncomment this if you want equation numbers per section (2.3.12), instead of per chapter (2.18): %\numberwithin{equation}{subsection} %%%%% THESIS / TITLE PAGE INFORMATION % Everybody needs to complete the following: \title{Suitably impressive thesis title} \author{Your Name} \college{Your College} % Master's candidates who require the alternate title page (with candidate number and word count) % must also un-comment and complete the following three lines: %\masterssubmissiontrue %\candidateno{933516} %\wordcount{28,815} % Uncomment the following line if your degree also includes exams (eg most masters): %\renewcommand{\submittedtext}{Submitted in partial completion of the} % Your full degree name. (But remember that DPhils aren't "in" anything. They're just DPhils.) \degree{Doctor of Philosophy} % Term and year of submission, or date if your board requires (eg most masters) \degreedate{Michaelmas 2014} %%%%% YOUR OWN PERSONAL MACROS % This is a good place to dump your own LaTeX macros as they come up. % To make text superscripts shortcuts \renewcommand{\th}{\textsuperscript{th}} % ex: I won 4\th place \newcommand{\nd}{\textsuperscript{nd}} \renewcommand{\st}{\textsuperscript{st}} \newcommand{\rd}{\textsuperscript{rd}} %%%%% THE ACTUAL DOCUMENT STARTS HERE \begin{document} %%%%% CHOOSE YOUR LINE SPACING HERE % This is the official option. Use it for your submission copy and library copy: \setlength{\textbaselineskip}{22pt plus2pt} % This is closer spacing (about 1.5-spaced) that you might prefer for your personal copies: %\setlength{\textbaselineskip}{18pt plus2pt minus1pt} % You can set the spacing here for the roman-numbered pages (acknowledgements, table of contents, etc.) \setlength{\frontmatterbaselineskip}{17pt plus1pt minus1pt} % Leave this line alone; it gets things started for the real document. \setlength{\baselineskip}{\textbaselineskip} %%%%% CHOOSE YOUR SECTION NUMBERING DEPTH HERE % You have two choices. First, how far down are sections numbered? (Below that, they're named but % don't get numbers.) Second, what level of section appears in the table of contents? These don't have % to match: you can have numbered sections that don't show up in the ToC, or unnumbered sections that % do. Throughout, 0 = chapter; 1 = section; 2 = subsection; 3 = subsubsection, 4 = paragraph... % The level that gets a number: \setcounter{secnumdepth}{2} % The level that shows up in the ToC: \setcounter{tocdepth}{2} %%%%% ABSTRACT SEPARATE % This is used to create the separate, one-page abstract that you are required to hand into the Exam % Schools. You can comment it out to generate a PDF for printing or whatnot. \begin{abstractseparate} \input{text/abstract} % Create an abstract.tex file in the 'text' folder for your abstract. \end{abstractseparate} % JEM: Pages are roman numbered from here, though page numbers are invisible until ToC. This is in % keeping with most typesetting conventions. \begin{romanpages} % JEM: By default, this template uses the traditional Oxford "Belt Crest". Un-comment the following % line to use the newer, "Blue Square" logo: % \renewcommand{\crest}{{\includegraphics[width=4.2cm, height=4.2cm]{figures/newlogo.pdf}}} % Title page is created here \maketitle %%%%% DEDICATION -- If you'd like one, un-comment the following. %\begin{dedication} %This thesis is dedicated to\\ %someone\\ %for some special reason\\ %\end{dedication} %%%%% ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- Nothing to do here except comment out if you don't want it. \begin{acknowledgements} \input{text/acknowledgements} \end{acknowledgements} %%%%% ABSTRACT -- Nothing to do here except comment out if you don't want it. \begin{abstract} \input{text/abstract} \end{abstract} %%%%% MINI TABLES % This lays the groundwork for per-chapter, mini tables of contents. Comment the following line % (and remove \minitoc from the chapter files) if you don't want this. Un-comment either of the % next two lines if you want a per-chapter list of figures or tables. \dominitoc % include a mini table of contents %\dominilof % include a mini list of figures %\dominilot % include a mini list of tables % This aligns the bottom of the text of each page. It generally makes things look better. \flushbottom % This is where the whole-document ToC appears: \tableofcontents \listoffigures \mtcaddchapter % \mtcaddchapter is needed when adding a non-chapter (but chapter-like) entity to avoid confusing minitoc % Uncomment to generate a list of tables: %\listoftables % \mtcaddchapter %%%%% LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS % This example includes a list of abbreviations. Look at text/abbreviations.tex to see how that file is % formatted. The template can handle any kind of list though, so this might be a good place for a % glossary, etc. \include{text/abbreviations} % The Roman pages, like the Roman Empire, must come to its inevitable close. \end{romanpages} %%%%% CHAPTERS % Add or remove any chapters you'd like here, by file name (excluding '.tex'): \flushbottom \include{text/ch1-intro} \include{text/ch2-litreview} %% APPENDICES %% % Starts lettered appendices, adds a heading in table of contents, and adds a % page that just says "Appendices" to signal the end of your main text. \startappendices % Add or remove any appendices you'd like here: \include{text/appendix-1} %%%%% REFERENCES % JEM: Quote for the top of references (just like a chapter quote if you're using them). Comment to skip. \begin{savequote}[8cm] The first kind of intellectual and artistic personality belongs to the hedgehogs, the second to the foxes \dots \qauthor{--- Sir Isaiah Berlin \cite{berlin_hedgehog_2013}} \end{savequote} \setlength{\baselineskip}{0pt} % JEM: Single-space References {\renewcommand*\MakeUppercase[1]{#1}% \printbibliography[heading=bibintoc,title={\bibtitle}]} \end{document} ================================================ FILE: README.md ================================================ # OxThesis **OxThesis** is a LaTeX template for an Oxford University thesis, originally published on [the Oxford Echoes blog](https://www.oxfordechoes.com/oxford-thesis-template/). Feel free to submit issues or push requests here, or comments on the blog post there. And of course, happy thesis-writing! --- When writing my thesis in 2014, I was lucky enough to find [a template that Sam Evans adapted](http://evansresearch.org/2010/05/oxford-thesis-latex-template/) for social sciences use based on [the original maths template by Keith Gillow](https://www.maths.ox.ac.uk/members/it/faqs/latex/thesis-class). I wound up making my own modifications, and re-packaged the template for posterity. This template is distributed under an MIT License with each of their permissions. It's also worth pointing out that [Danny Price has developed a LyX template](https://github.com/telegraphic/Oxford-LyX-Thesis-Template) based on the maths template as well. Some of the features of **OxThesis** are: *Fantastic chapter pages.* The template retains Sam Evans’s use of the [quotchap](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/quotchap?lang=en) and [minitoc](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/minitoc?lang=en) packages to (optionally) include an epigraph and brief table of contents at the beginning of each chapter. I found this a great way to inject a bit of personality into the thesis (via the epigraph) and ensure that my reader wasn’t getting lost (table of contents). My modifications cleaned up some of the spacing, ensuring single-spaced tables and slightly more compact chapter headings. *Table of Contents refinements.* Careful attention was paid to spacing and page headings in the table of contents as well as other heading sections. This can get tricky in documents using lots of packages. This template also inserts an “Appendices” page (and ToC entry) between chapters and appendices. *Table of abbreviations.* Many science and engineering theses use lots of abbreviations. Humanities and social sciences theses often need glossaries. While there are some dedicated LaTeX classes that meet these needs in complex cases, I decided to create a simple list environment to handle the routine cases. *Highlighted corrections.* Most Oxford theses go through a round of corrections, as time-honored a tradition as the viva itself. Minor corrections generally just involve sending a PDF of your revised thesis to your internal examiner. (Major corrections often require a more exacting process.) This class allows you to designate text (or figures, etc) as a correction. You can then toggle between generating a document in which these corrections are highlighted in blue (ideal for sending to your examiner for a quick read-through) and just printing them without any adornment (for generating your final copy). *Page layout, draft, and spacing options.* In a few keystrokes, you can switch between a double-spaced, single-sided, binding-margin document (ideal for submission), a 1.5-spaced, double-sided document (for your parents’ copy), or a version with equal left and right margins (for submitting as a PDF). An optional draft notice (with date) can be included in the footer — just remember to turn it off before submitting! *Master’s thesis title page.* Some masters’ degrees require title pages with a candidate number and word count rather than a name and college, to ensure anonymity for the examinees. They also require a statement of authenticity / originality on the title page. This template has a quick option to switch to this master’s submission format. And, just as importantly, it can be turned off when you want to print a version for yourself. --- Full details with pictures can still be found at the [Oxford Echoes blog post](https://www.oxfordechoes.com/oxford-thesis-template/). Feel free to submit push requests or issues. --- > Written with [StackEdit](https://stackedit.io/). ================================================ FILE: ociamthesis.cls ================================================ % ociamthesis % % Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997 % Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007 % Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015 % % This version Copyright (c) 2015-2017 John McManigle % % Broad permissions are granted to use, modify, and distribute this software % as specified in the MIT License included in this distribution's LICENSE file. % % %-------------------------- identification --------------------- \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} \ProvidesClass{ociamthesis}[2015/04/30 Oxford thesis class] %-------------------------- initial code ----------------------- % JEM: Defaults to one-side, but passing 'twoside' should set everything up for that \LoadClass[openright,12pt]{report} \newif\ifmc@nobind \mc@nobindfalse \DeclareOption{nobind}{\mc@nobindtrue} \DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{report}} \ProcessOptions\relax \setlength{\parskip}{0pt plus 1pt} \setlength{\parfillskip}{0pt plus .7\textwidth} % JEM: Lengths for single spacing (ie separate abstract, captions), front matter (abstract, % acknowledgements, table of contents, etc), and main body text. \newlength{\singlebaselineskip} \newlength{\frontmatterbaselineskip} \newlength{\textbaselineskip} \setlength{\singlebaselineskip}{\baselineskip} \setlength{\frontmatterbaselineskip}{17pt plus1pt minus1pt} \setlength{\textbaselineskip}{22pt plus2pt} \newcommand{\submittedtext}{{A thesis submitted for the degree of}} \usepackage{varwidth} \newcommand{\originalitytext}{% \rule[-2mm]{1pt}{7mm}\hspace{-1pt}% \rule[-2mm]{7mm}{1pt}\hspace{-1pt}% \rule[-2mm]{1pt}{7mm}\hspace{-7mm}% \rule[5mm]{7mm}{1pt}\hspace{1em}% \begin{varwidth}{\textwidth}I hereby certify that this is entirely\\my own work unless otherwise stated.\end{varwidth}} % % DECLARATIONS % % These macros are used to declare arguments needed for the % construction of the title page and other preamble. % The year and term the degree will be officially conferred \def\degreedate#1{\gdef\@degreedate{#1}} % The full (unabbreviated) name of the degree \def\degree#1{\gdef\@degree{#1}} % The name of your Oxford college (eg Christ Church, Pembroke) \def\college#1{\gdef\@college{#1}} % Your candidate number (ie for master's submissions) \def\candidateno#1{\gdef\@candidateno{#1}} % Your word count (for master's submissions) \def\wordcount#1{\gdef\@wordcount{#1}} \newif\ifmasterssubmission % adds candidate number and word count in place of name and college \masterssubmissionfalse % % CRESTS % \def\crest{{\includegraphics{figures/beltcrest.pdf}}} % % Define text area of page and margin offsets % \ifmc@nobind \usepackage[includehead,hmargin={3.1cm, 3.1cm}, vmargin={2.5cm,2.7cm}, headsep=.8cm,footskip=1.2cm]{geometry} \else \usepackage[includehead,hmargin={3.6cm, 2.6cm}, vmargin={2.5cm,2.7cm}, headsep=.8cm,footskip=1.2cm]{geometry} \fi \usepackage{xcolor} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \setlength{\headheight}{15pt} \fancyhf{} % clear the header and footers \pagestyle{fancy} \renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\thechapter. #1}{\thechapter. #1}} \renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\thesection. #1}} \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} \fancyhead[LO]{\emph{\leftmark}} \fancyhead[RE]{\emph{\rightmark}} \fancyhead[RO,LE]{\emph{\thepage}} \fancypagestyle{plain}{\fancyhf{}\fancyfoot[C]{\emph{\thepage}}} % JEM fix header on cleared pages for openright \def\cleardoublepage{\clearpage\if@twoside \ifodd\c@page\else \hbox{} \fancyhead[RE,LO]{} \newpage \if@twocolumn\hbox{}\newpage \fi \fancyhead[LO]{\emph{\leftmark}} \fancyhead[RE]{\emph{\rightmark}} \fi\fi} \usepackage{microtype} \usepackage{nicefrac} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{longtable} % Allows tables to span multiple pages (this package must be called before hyperref) \usepackage[font=small,labelfont=bf]{caption} % Nicer captions \usepackage{multicol,multirow,array} % Used to make multiple columns for the indices and for creating columns that span multiple rows in tables \usepackage{rotating} % To allow tables in landscape mode \usepackage{booktabs} % For better looking tables \usepackage{pdfpages} % Allows multi-page pdfs to be inserted as graphics \usepackage{xfrac} %\usepackage{enumerate} % Allows different numbering styles for Lists % to use: % \begin{enumerate}[x] % \item text % \end{enumerate} % where x is: % A uppercase letters (as produced by \Alph) % a lowercase letters (as produced by \alph) % I uppercase roman numerals (as produced by \Roman) % i lowercase roman numerals (as produced by \roman) % 1 arabic numbers (as produced by \arabic) % JEM the following package allows changing spacing in lists (for acknowledgements) \usepackage{enumitem} % JEM the following allows table columns aligned by decimal point \usepackage{dcolumn} \newcolumntype{d}[3]{D{.}{\cdot}{#1} } \usepackage{appendix} % For helping format appendicies \usepackage{notoccite} % To format the bibliography \usepackage[colorlinks=false,pdfpagelabels]{hyperref} % for linking between references, figures, TOC, etc in the pdf document \usepackage[nohints,tight]{minitoc} \setcounter{minitocdepth}{2} % Generates mini tables of contents per chapter % JEM: The following fixes minitoc to not be multiple-spaced. \let\oldmtc@verse\mtc@verse \renewcommand{\mtc@verse}[1]{\oldmtc@verse{#1}\setlength{\baselineskip}{\z@}} % % Environments % % This macro define an environment for front matter that is always % single column even in a double-column document. \newenvironment{alwayssingle}{% \@restonecolfalse \if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn \else\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi \fi}% {\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else\newpage\thispagestyle{empty}\fi} %define title page layout \renewcommand{\maketitle}{% \begin{alwayssingle}\null \renewcommand{\footnotesize}{\small} \renewcommand{\footnoterule}{\relax} \thispagestyle{empty} \ifmasterssubmission \begin{center} \vspace*{-3ex} { \LARGE {\bfseries {\@title}} \par} {\large \vspace*{25mm} {\crest \par} \vspace*{20mm}} {{\Large Candidate no.\ \@candidateno} \par} {\large \vspace*{1ex} {Word count: {\@wordcount} \par} \vspace*{4ex} {{\submittedtext} \par} \vspace*{1ex} {\it {\@degree} \par} \vspace*{6ex} {{\originalitytext} \par} \vspace*{2ex} {\@degreedate}} \end{center} \else \begin{center} { \LARGE {\bfseries {\@title}} \par} {\large \vspace*{30mm} {\crest \par} \vspace*{25mm}} {{\Large \@author} \par} {\large \vspace*{1ex} {{\@college} \par} \vspace*{1ex} {University of Oxford \par} \vspace*{20mm} {{\submittedtext} \par} \vspace*{1ex} {\it {\@degree} \par} \vspace*{2ex} {\@degreedate}} \end{center} \fi \vfill\null \end{alwayssingle}} % DEDICATION % % The dedication environment makes sure the dedication gets its % own page and is set out in verse format. \newenvironment{dedication} {\begin{alwayssingle} \thispagestyle{empty} \vspace*{\fill} \begin{center}} {\end{center}\vspace*{\fill}\vspace*{\fill} \end{alwayssingle}} % ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS % % The acknowledgements environment puts a large, bold, centered % "Acknowledgements" label at the top of the page. The acknowledgements % themselves appear in a quote environment, i.e. tabbed in at both sides, and % on its own page. \newenvironment{acknowledgements}% { \begin{alwayssingle}\chapter*{Acknowledgements} \thispagestyle{empty} \pagestyle{empty} \setlength{\baselineskip}{\frontmatterbaselineskip} } {\end{alwayssingle}} %ABSTRACT % %The abstract environment puts a large, bold, centered "Abstract" label at %the top of the page. The abstract itself appears in a quote environment, %i.e. tabbed in at both sides, and on its own page. \renewenvironment{abstract}% { \begin{alwayssingle}\chapter*{Abstract} \thispagestyle{empty} \pagestyle{empty} \setlength{\baselineskip}{\frontmatterbaselineskip}} {\end{alwayssingle}} %The abstractseparate environment is for running of a page with the abstract %on including title and author etc as required to be handed in separately \newenvironment{abstractseparate} {\newgeometry{margin=3.3cm}\thispagestyle{empty}\begin{alwayssingle} \begin{center} {\Large \bfseries \@title \par} \ifmasterssubmission {{\large \vspace*{3ex} Candidate no.\ \@candidateno} \par} \else {{\large \vspace*{2ex} \@author} \par} \fi {\large \vspace*{1ex} \ifmasterssubmission {Thesis word count: {\@wordcount} \par} \else {{\@college} \par} {University of Oxford \par} \fi \vspace*{1ex} {{\it \submittedtext} \par} {\it {\@degree} \par} \vspace*{2ex} {\@degreedate} \par} \vfill {\Large \bfseries Abstract} \end{center} \vspace{1ex} \setlength{\baselineskip}{\z@}} {\vfill\end{alwayssingle}\restoregeometry} %ROMANPAGES % % The romanpages environment set the page numbering to lowercase roman one % for the contents and figures lists. It also resets % page-numbering for the remainder of the dissertation (arabic, starting at 1). % % Edited by JEM \newenvironment{romanpages} {\cleardoublepage\setlength{\baselineskip}{\frontmatterbaselineskip}\setcounter{page}{1}\renewcommand{\thepage}{\roman{page}}} {\cleardoublepage\setcounter{page}{1}\renewcommand{\thepage}{\arabic{page}}} %Figure placement on page % %This is to help prevent too many figures on their own pages. I got it from: % http://dcwww.camd.dtu.dk/~schiotz/comp/LatexTips/LatexTips.html#captfont \renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85} \renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1} \renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.75} % JEM: VERSE, QUOTATION, and QUOTE must be single-spaced. % These rename the internal commands for the \begin{...} and % \end{...} environment commands. \let\@ldquote=\quote \let\@ldendquote=\endquote \renewenvironment{quote} {\@ldquote\setlength{\baselineskip}{\singlebaselineskip}} {\@ldendquote} \let\@ldqttn=\quotation \let\@ldendqttn=\endquotation \renewenvironment{quotation} {\@ldqttn\setlength{\baselineskip}{\singlebaselineskip}} {\@ldendqttn} \let\@ldverse=\verse \let\@ldendverse=\endverse \renewenvironment{verse} {\@ldverse\setlength{\baselineskip}{\singlebaselineskip}} {\@ldendverse} % JEM: Stuff for List of Abbreviations (or Glossary or other list) \usepackage{calc} \newcommand{\t@cfill}{\cleaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern\@dotsep mu . \mkern\@dotsep mu$}\hfill} \newcommand{\abbrl@bel}[1]{\makebox[\labelwidth][l]{\textbf{#1}\ \t@cfill}} \newenvironment{mclistof}[2]{% \chapter*{#1}% \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1} \begin{list}{}% {\renewcommand{\makelabel}{\abbrl@bel}% \setlength{\labelwidth}{#2}% \setlength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth+\labelsep}% \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}% \markboth{#1}{#1}% }} {\end{list}\mtcaddchapter} \usepackage[grey,utopia]{quotchap} % To put nice quotes at the beginning of the chapters \usepackage[nottoc]{tocbibind} % Used for inserting the Bibliography, List of Figures, indices, etc into the table of contents. % JEM: Allow flexible spacing after figures, to reduce other stretching \setlength{\textfloatsep}{20pt plus15pt minus4pt} % JEM: Fix paragraph spacing within quotes for multi-par quotes \renewenvironment{savequote}[1][10cm]{% \begin{lrbox}{\@quotebox} \begin{minipage}[t]{#1}\footnotesize\slshape% \setlength{\parskip}{6pt}}{% \unskip\end{minipage}\end{lrbox} \global\setbox\@quotebox\copy\@quotebox \global\let\@printcites\@iprintcites \ignorespacesafterend} \renewcommand{\qauthor}[1]{\par {\raggedleft\upshape #1\qquad\hbox{}\par}\bigskip} % JEM: All of this is so that headers in these sections aren't uppercase \let\@ldtoc\tableofcontents \renewcommand*\tableofcontents{{% \renewcommand*\MakeUppercase[1]{##1}\@ldtoc}} \let\@ldlof\listoffigures \renewcommand*\listoffigures{{% \renewcommand*\MakeUppercase[1]{##1}\@ldlof}} \let\@ldlot\listoftables \renewcommand*\listoftables{{% \renewcommand*\MakeUppercase[1]{##1}\@ldlot}} \let\@ldbib\bibliography \renewcommand*\bibliography[1]{{% \renewcommand*\MakeUppercase[1]{##1}\@ldbib{#1}}} % JEM: for crazy multi character set quotes and Unicode and all \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage[LGR,TS1,T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[greek,latin,english]{babel} \usepackage{csquotes} \hyphenpenalty=500 \def\longs{{\fontencoding{TS1}\selectfont s}} % JEM: for highlighting corrections \newlength{\mccurrentbaselineskip} \newlength{\mccurrentparskip} \newlength{\mccurrentparindent} \newif\ifcorrections \newif\ifm@csection \m@csectionfalse \correctionsfalse \colorlet{shadecolor}{blue!20} \usepackage{framed} \OuterFrameSep=-9pt \newenvironment{mccorrection} {\ifcorrections\if@nobreak\m@csectiontrue\fi\begin{shaded}\ifm@csection\noindent\ignorespaces\fi\fi} {\ifcorrections\end{shaded}\m@csectionfalse\ifx\@captype\@undefined\@nobreakfalse\fi\fi} \usepackage{soul} \sethlcolor{shadecolor} \newcommand{\mccorrect}[1]{\ifcorrections\hl{#1}\else#1\fi} % JEM: adjust start-of-chapter spacing \renewcommand{\chapterheadstartvskip}{\vspace*{40pt}} \renewcommand{\chapterheadendvskip}{\vspace{30pt}} % JEM: combine all of the commands you run before appendices start \newcommand{\startappendices} {\appendix\adjustmtc\noappendicestocpagenum\addappheadtotoc\appendixpage} ================================================ FILE: references.bib ================================================ @article{kenny_transthoracic_1992, title = {Transthoracic high-frequency two-dimensional echocardiography, {Doppler} and color flow mapping to determine anatomy and blood flow patterns in the distal left anterior descending coronary artery}, volume = {69}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000291499291218S}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(92)91218-S}, abstract = {Combined high-frequency transthoracic ultrasound, pulsed Doppler and color flow mapping were used to image and assess blood flow velocity in the distal left anterior descending artery (LAD) in 56 consecutive patients. All patients subsequently underwent coronary angiography. The LAD was imaged in 19 patients (34\%), and the diameter was measured in 12 with high-quality images (mean diameter 1.8 mm {\textpm} 0.08). In 1 patient, the penetrating branches of the LAD were imaged. The distal LAD appeared normal by ultrasound in 18 patients, and a significant stenosis was detected in 1; angiography confirmed the ultrasound findings. There were no false negative results. Characteristic biphasic flow with higher velocities in diastole were noted in all 19 patients. Color flow mapping demonstrated normal laminar flow, except in the patient with a distal stenosis. Pulsed Doppler confirmed an increased velocity distal to the stenosis in this patient. This study is the first transthoracic evaluation of the hemodynamic effects of a coronary artery stenosis, and the first in vivo description of blood flow disturbance at a distal coronary stenosis in humans. The clinical use of this technique is limited, because only the distal portion of the LAD is visualized. However, it may provide a noninvasive means of assessing distal LAD diameter and blood flow, and changes in these parameters under a variety of physiologic, pharmacologic and interventional stimuli.}, number = {16}, urldate = {2015-04-26}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Kenny, Antoinette and Shapiro, Leonard M.}, month = may, year = {1992}, pages = {1265--1268}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D2F8KN5D/Kenny and Shapiro - 1992 - Transthoracic high-frequency two-dimensional echoc.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6IXNGCN9/000291499291218S.html:text/html} } @article{arsigny_polyrigid_2005, title = {Polyrigid and polyaffine transformations: {A} novel geometrical tool to deal with non-rigid deformations - {Application} to the registration of histological slices}, volume = {9}, issn = {1361-8415}, number = {6}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Arsigny, Vincent and Pennec, Xavier and Ayache, Nicholas}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Diffeomorphism, Histological slices, Image registration, Insight Toolkit, Non-rigid registration, Parametric transformation}, pages = {507--523}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WXFGJRGB/ArsignyPolyaffine.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zhu_segmentation_2010, title = {Segmentation of the left ventricle from cardiac {MR} images using a subject-specific dynamical model}, volume = {29}, issn = {1558-0062}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19789107}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2009.2031063}, abstract = {Statistical models have shown considerable promise as a basis for segmenting and interpreting cardiac images. While a variety of statistical models have been proposed to improve the segmentation results, most of them are either static models (SMs), which neglect the temporal dynamics of a cardiac sequence, or generic dynamical models (GDMs), which are homogeneous in time and neglect the intersubject variability in cardiac shape and deformation. In this paper, we develop a subject-specific dynamical model (SSDM) that simultaneously handles temporal dynamics (intrasubject variability) and intersubject variability. We also propose a dynamic prediction algorithm that can progressively identify the specific motion patterns of a new cardiac sequence based on the shapes observed in past frames. The incorporation of this SSDM into the segmentation framework is formulated in a recursive Bayesian framework. It starts with a manual segmentation of the first frame, and then segments each frame according to intensity information from the current frame as well as the prediction from past frames. In addition, to reduce error propagation in sequential segmentation, we take into account the periodic nature of cardiac motion and perform segmentation in both forward and backward directions. We perform "leave-one-out" test on 32 canine sequences and 22 human sequences, and compare the experimental results with those from SM, GDM, and active appearance motion model (AAMM). Quantitative analysis of the experimental results shows that SSDM outperforms SM, GDM, and AAMM by having better global and local consistencies with manual segmentation. Moreover, we compare the segmentation results from forward and forward-backward segmentation. Quantitative evaluation shows that forward-backward segmentation suppresses the propagation of segmentation errors.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Zhu, Yun and Papademetris, Xenophon and Sinusas, Albert J. and Duncan, James S.}, month = mar, year = {2010}, pmid = {19789107}, keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Bayes Theorem, Dogs, Electrocardiography, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Models, Cardiovascular, Models, Statistical, Principal Component Analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity}, pages = {669--687}, file = {Segmentation_of_the_left_ventricle_from_cardiac_MR_images_using_a_subject_specific_dynamical_model_TMI2010.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N6FKNMKS/Segmentation_of_the_left_ventricle_from_cardiac_MR_images_using_a_subject_specific_dynamical_model_TMI2010.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{gagliardi_chest_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Chest radiology}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Heitzman, Jr., E. Robert and Greene, Reginald}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {131--172}, file = {RCI_D_c07.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MJFCN6T6/RCI_D_c07.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hyman_resuscitation_1932, title = {Resuscitation of the stopped heart by intracardial therapy: {II}. {Experimental} use of an artificial pacemaker}, volume = {50}, issn = {0730-188X}, shorttitle = {Resuscitation of the stopped heart by intracardial therapy}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1932.00150150115012}, doi = {10.1001/archinte.1932.00150150115012}, abstract = {Cardiac standstill, regardless of the sequential development of the etiologic factors responsible for its occurrence, constitutes a clinical problem of no little magnitude so far as a favorable outcome in any individual case is predicated on the initiation of therapeutic measures leading to prompt restoration of the automatic activity of the heart. The more or less dramatic events attending cardiac arrest, whether the scene be laid in a well appointed hospital operating amphitheater, a doctor's consulting room or in less favorable circumstances, are always associated with ill defined attempts to do something to restore cardiac function. In the brief interval before complete surrender to death has taken place and before utter helplessness has seized those administering to the dying person, many random and badly executed procedures are invoked with the last minute hope of resuscitating the stopped heart.In a previous communication1 I attempted to review the methods currently}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine}, author = {Hyman, Albert S.}, month = aug, year = {1932}, pages = {283--305}, file = {archinte_50_2_012.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UDAU3QM7/archinte_50_2_012.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nwosu_neonatal_2008, title = {Neonatal sinovenous thrombosis: {Presentation} and association with imaging}, volume = {39}, issn = {0887-8994 (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {Pediatric Neurology}, author = {Nwosu, M. E. and Williams, L. S. and Edwards-Brown, M. and Eckert, G. J. and Golomb, M. R.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Anoxia/etiology/physiopathology, Cohort Studies, Dehydration/etiology/physiopathology, Diagnostic Imaging/*methods, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/etiology/*pathology/physiopathology, Risk Factors, Seizures/etiology/physiopathology, Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/complications/*pathology/physiopathology, Time Factors}, pages = {155--61}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/53PAGMRN/Nwosu.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{di_biase_how_2013, title = {How to ablate long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation?}, volume = {28}, issn = {0268-4705}, shorttitle = {How to ablate long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation?}, url = {http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftn&AN=00001573-201301000-00006}, doi = {10.1097/HCO.0b013e32835b59bb}, abstract = {Purpose of review: Long-standing persistent (LSP) atrial fibrillation is the most challenging arrhythmia to treat. Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation has reached satisfactory results for the long-term treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, but not for the treatment of LSP atrial fibrillation. Several approaches with various outcomes have been described in the literature. The purpose of this review is to summarize the ablation approach that we developed at our institution., Recent findings: During ablation of LSP atrial fibrillation, in addition to pulmonary vein antrum and posterior wall isolation, ablation of nonpulmonary vein triggers disclosed by high dosage of isoproterenol seems to be of utmost importance to achieve long-term success after a single procedure. The location of the nonpulmonary vein triggers includes the coronary sinus, the anterior part of the septum, the left atrial appendage and the superior vena cava. Termination of atrial fibrillation during ablation does not seem to influence the outcome. Increasing radiofrequency power from 30 up to 45 W seems an important factor to favour durable lesions., Summary: The approach described in this review will guide the reader to what we believe is the best approach for the ablation of patients with LSP atrial fibrillation., (C) 2013 Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins, Inc.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-11-24}, journal = {Current Opinion in Cardiology}, author = {Di Biase, Luigi and Santangeli, Pasquale and Natale, Andrea}, month = jan, year = {2013}, keywords = {Clinical Medicine}, pages = {26--35}, file = {00001573-201301000-00006.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J3EQSH2Z/00001573-201301000-00006.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hamilton_zoology_2015, title = {Zoology: {Here} be dragons}, volume = {520}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2015 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.}, issn = {0028-0836}, shorttitle = {Zoology}, url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7545/full/520042a.html}, doi = {10.1038/520042a}, abstract = {Emerging evidence indicates that dragons can no longer be dismissed as creatures of legend and fantasy, and that anthropogenic effects on the world's climate may inadvertently be paving the way for the resurgence of these beasts.}, language = {en}, number = {7545}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Nature}, author = {Hamilton, Andrew J. and May, Robert M. and Waters, Edward K.}, month = apr, year = {2015}, keywords = {Animal behaviour, Climate change, Zoology}, pages = {42--43}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7GA2JDIA/Hamilton et al. - 2015 - Zoology Here be dragons.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FFGIQZEE/520042a.html:text/html} } @article{thase_antidepressant_1999, title = {Antidepressant treatment of the depressed patient with insomnia}, volume = {60 Suppl 17}, issn = {0160-6689 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10446739}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Thase, M. E.}, year = {1999}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*therapeutic use, Comorbidity, Cyclohexanols/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder/*drug therapy/epidemiology/psychology, Fluoxetine/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Mianserin/*analogs \& derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Sleep/drug effects, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*drug, therapy/epidemiology/psychology, Treatment Outcome, Triazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use}, pages = {28--31; discussion 46--8} } @phdthesis{rajpoot_multi-view_2009, address = {Oxford, England}, title = {Multi-view 3D echocardiographic image analysis}, school = {University of Oxford}, author = {Rajpoot, Kashif}, year = {2009} } @article{dixit_is_2012, title = {Is the elimination of triggers sufficient? {Current} controversies in catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation}, volume = {5}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/5/6/1216}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.111.970343}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-11-24}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Dixit, Sanjay and Lin, David and Frankel, David S. and Marchlinski, Francis E.}, month = dec, year = {2012}, pmid = {23250551}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, outcomes}, pages = {1216--1223}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/56W3Q3WQ/Dixit et al. - 2012 - Catheter Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillati.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BAGWQHDE/1216.html:text/html} } @article{davidson_mirtazapine_2003, title = {Mirtazapine vs. placebo in posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot trial}, volume = {53}, issn = {0006-3223 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12547477}, number = {2}, journal = {Biological Psychiatry}, author = {Davidson, J. R. and Weisler, R. H. and Butterfield, M. I. and Casat, C. D. and Connor, K. M. and Barnett, S. and van Meter, S.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Adult, Analysis of Variance, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*therapeutic use, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Mianserin/analogs \& derivatives/*therapeutic use, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Placebos, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*drug therapy/psychology}, pages = {188--91} } @article{gibbons_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Gibbons, R. J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Aspirin/therapeutic use, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Female, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Guideline Adherence, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Hypertension/epidemiology, Male, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Smoking/epidemiology, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use}, pages = {1038; author reply 1041--2}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JEVIMMTZ/Gibbons-2009-Rosuvastatin in pati.pdf:application/pdf} } @techreport{_heart_2009, address = {Dallas, Texas}, title = {Heart disease and stroke statistics -- 2009 update}, institution = {American Heart Association}, year = {2009}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EBE3GN3P/2009 AHA Stats.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{jenny-avital_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271275}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Jenny-Avital, E. R.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Female, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Male, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use}, pages = {1039; author reply 1041--2} } @incollection{adam_ischaemic_2008, title = {Ischaemic heart disease}, isbn = {978-0-443-10163-2}, booktitle = {Grainger \& {Allison}'s {Diagnostic} {Radiology}}, publisher = {Elsevier Churchill Livingstone}, author = {Hartnell, G. G. and Gates, J.}, collaborator = {Adam, A. and Dixon, A.}, year = {2008}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4KRMSW4W/CHAPTER 25 - Ischaemic Heart Disease from Adam_ Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology on MD Consult.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{benitez_use_2001, title = {The use of the {Hilbert} transform in {ECG} signal analysis}, volume = {31}, issn = {0010-4825}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482501000099}, doi = {10.1016/S0010-4825(01)00009-9}, abstract = {This paper presents a new robust algorithm for QRS detection using the first differential of the ECG signal and its Hilbert transformed data to locate the R wave peaks in the ECG waveform. Using this method, the differentiation of R waves from large, peaked T and P waves is achieved with a high degree of accuracy. In addition, problems with baseline drift, motion artifacts and muscular noise are minimised. The performance of the algorithm was tested using standard ECG waveform records from the MIT-BITH Arrhythmia database. An average detection rate of 99.87\%, a sensitivity (Se) of 99.94\% and a positive prediction (+P) of 99.93\% have been achieved against study records from the MIT-BITH Arrhythmia database. A detection error rate of less than 0.8\% was achieved in every study case. The reliability of the proposed detector compares very favorably with published results for other QRS detectors.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2013-04-22}, journal = {Computers in Biology and Medicine}, author = {Benitez, D. and Gaydecki, P. A. and Zaidi, A. and Fitzpatrick, A. P.}, month = sep, year = {2001}, keywords = {Artifacts, ECG signal detection, Electrocardiography, Hilbert Transform}, pages = {399--406}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NC9GMAEV/Benitez et al. - 2001 - The use of the Hilbert transform in ECG signal ana.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H4Z5U3I5/Benitez et al. - 2001 - The use of the Hilbert transform in ECG signal ana.html:text/html} } @article{pruessmann_sense_1999, title = {{SENSE}: {Sensitivity} encoding for fast {MRI}}, volume = {42}, issn = {0740-3194}, shorttitle = {{SENSE}}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1522-2594(199911)42:5%3C952::AID-MRM16%3E3.0.CO;2-S/abstract}, doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1522-2594(199911)42:5<952::AID-MRM16>3.0.CO;2-S}, number = {5}, urldate = {2010-10-26}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Pruessmann, Klaas P. and Weiger, Markus and Scheidegger, Markus B. and Boesiger, Peter}, month = nov, year = {1999}, pages = {952--962}, file = {SENSE.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XZ7S9F7C/SENSE.pdf:application/pdf;SENSE\: Sensitivity encoding for fast MRI - Pruessmann - 1999 - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - Wiley Online Library:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TT6BRK2U/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{le_polain_de_waroux_combined_2008, title = {Combined coronary and late-enhanced multidetector-computed tomography for delineation of the etiology of left ventricular dysfunction: {Comparison} with coronary angiography and contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging}, volume = {29}, issn = {0195-668X}, shorttitle = {Combined coronary and late-enhanced multidetector-computed tomography for delineation of the etiology of left ventricular dysfunction}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2567022/}, doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehn381}, abstract = {Aims To evaluate whether comprehensive evaluation of coronary anatomy and delayed enhancement (DE) by multidetector-computed tomography (MDCT) would allow determination of etiology of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) as compared with coronary angiography (CA) and DE-magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods and results Seventy-one consecutive patients (50 males, 59 {\textpm} 16 years) with LVD (ejection fraction: 26 {\textpm} 11\%) of unknown etiology underwent MDCT, LGE (late Gd-DTPA-enhanced)-CMR and CA. Patients were classified into four groups according to coronary artery disease (CAD) by CA and LGE-CMR patterns. Patients (n = 24) with CAD and transmural or sub-endocardial DE by CMR were considered having definite ischaemic LVD (group 1). Patients (n = 36) without CAD by CA and with no/atypical LGE-CMR were considered non-ischaemic LVD (group 2). Further we identified four patients with transmural DE but no CAD (group 3) and seven patients with CAD but no DE (group 4). On per-patient basis, combined coronary and DE-MDCT had excellent agreement ($\kappa$ = 0.89; P {\textless} 0.001) with CA/LGE-CMR to classify patients into the same four groups. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MDCT were 97, 92 and 94\%, respectively for detecting patients with definite (group 1) or likely (groups 3 and 4) ischaemic LVD. Conclusion Combined coronary and DE-MDCT can accurately differentiate ischaemic vs. non-ischaemic etiology of LVD.}, number = {20}, urldate = {2014-12-19}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {le Polain de Waroux, Jean-Beno{\^i}t and Pouleur, Anne-Catherine and Goffinet, C{\'e}line and Pasquet, Agn{\`e}s and Vanoverschelde, Jean-Louis and Gerber, Bernhard L.}, month = oct, year = {2008}, pmid = {18762553}, pmcid = {PMC2567022}, pages = {2544--2551}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q9MWQUK5/le Polain de Waroux et al. - 2008 - Combined coronary and late-enhanced multidetector-.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{jais_mapping_2000, title = {Mapping and ablation of left atrial flutters}, volume = {101}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/25/2928}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.101.25.2928}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Typical right atrial isthmus{\textendash}dependent flutters have been described in detail, but very little is known about left atrial (LA) flutters. Methods and Results{\textemdash}We performed conventional and 3D mapping of the LA for 22 patients with atypical flutters. Complete maps in 17 patients demonstrated macroreentrant circuits (n=15) with 1 to 3 loops rotating around the mitral annulus, the pulmonary veins, and a zone of block or a silent area. In 2 patients, a small reentry circuit with a zone of markedly slow conduction was identified. Linear ablation performed across the most accessible part of the circuit cured 16 patients (73\%) with a follow-up of 15{\textpm}7 months. Conclusions{\textemdash}LA reentrant tachycardias are related to individually varying circuits and are amenable to mapping guided radiofrequency ablation.}, language = {en}, number = {25}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Ja{\"i}s, Pierre and Shah, Dipen C. and Ha{\"i}ssaguerre, Michel and Hocini, M{\'e}l{\`e}ze and Peng, Jing Tian and Takahashi, Atsushi and Garrigue, St{\'e}phane and Le M{\'e}tayer, Philippe and Cl{\'e}menty, Jacques}, month = jun, year = {2000}, pmid = {10869265}, keywords = {ablation, atrial flutter, mapping}, pages = {2928--2934}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6FDV95TN/Jais et al. - 2000 - Mapping and Ablation of Left Atrial Flutters.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KKZJCRFQ/2928.html:text/html} } @article{de_silva_x-ray_2006, title = {X-ray fused with magnetic resonance imaging ({XFM}) to target endomyocardial injections: validation in a swine model of myocardial infarction}, volume = {114}, number = {22}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {de Silva, Ranil and Gutierrez, Luis F. and Raval, Amish N. and McVeigh, Elliot R. and Ozturk, Cengizhan and Lederman, Robert J.}, year = {2006}, pages = {2342--2350}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CAAR29AS/Silva Fusion.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hamada_mechanisms_2002, title = {Mechanisms for atrial fibrillation in patients with {Wolff}-{Parkinson}-{White} syndrome}, volume = {13}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} Futura Publishing Company, Inc. 2002}, issn = {1540-8167}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x}, abstract = {Atrial Fibrillation and WPW Syndrome.Introduction: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) frequently occurs in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. To elucidate the mechanisms for PAF, we performed electrophysiologic studies (EPS) before and after ablation of accessory pathways (APs). Methods and Results: We investigated 24 patients with WPW syndrome who had AV reciprocating tachycardia and prior PAF and had undergone successful ablation of APs. Patients in whom atrial fibrillation (AF) was induced by EPS at day 7 after ablation were considered the inducible AF group (n = 14), and patients in whom AF was not induced by EPS at day 7 after ablation were considered the noninducible AF group (n = 10). Fifteen patients with AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) but without PAF who underwent ablation of the slow AV nodal pathways served as the control group (AVNRT group). Maximal atrial conduction delay and conduction delay zone, which are indices of atrial vulnerability, were measured before and after ablation. Before ablation, maximal atrial conduction delay and conduction delay zone were significantly greater (P {\textless} 0.0001 and P {\textless} 0.0001, respectively) in the two WPW syndrome groups than in the AVNRT group, indicating increased atrial vulnerability in WPW syndrome with PAF. After ablation, these parameters did not change in the inducible AF group, whereas they were significantly (P {\textless} 0.0001) decreased in the noninducible AF group and were not different from those in the AVNRT group, indicating normalized atrial vulnerability in the noninducible AF group after ablation. The prospective study demonstrated that PAF recurred only in the inducible AF group during long-term follow-up (17 {\textpm} 7 months). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that there are two mechanisms of PAF in patients with WPW syndrome: one mechanism is reversible and AP-dependent atrial vulnerability, and the other is intrinsic and AP-independent atrial vulnerability.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-01-09}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Hamada, Takashi and Hiraki, Tatsuro and Ikeda, Hisao and Kubara, Ichiro and Yoshida, Teruhisa and Ohga, Masanobu and Imaizumi, Tsutomu}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, Recurrence, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome}, pages = {223--229}, file = {j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UAFTDDF4/j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FKJIW3KC/abstract.html:text/html} } @book{boron_medical_2011, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, edition = {2nd}, title = {Medical {Physiology}}, isbn = {9781437717532}, shorttitle = {Medical {Physiology}}, abstract = {"Highly Commended," Basic and Clinical Sciences Category, British Medical Association 2012 Medical Book CompetitionQuickly review important content using prominent boxes included throughout the text to provide clinical examples of disordered physiology. Master difficult concepts with the use of 800 color drawings that feature balloon captions explaining key processes. Find information easily with the intuitive organization by body system and consistent style. Get up-to-date coverage of physiology with updated text and figures. Access the fully searchable text online at www.StudentConsult.com, along with Webnotes, Image Bank, 150 Self-assessment questions, and 10 physiology animations. Stay current thanks to updated material, including a new chapter on Physiology of Aging and a new section on hemostasis. Gain a clear visual understanding with a revised and updated art program of high-quality, full color line drawings and prominently featured clinical examples. Easily relate molecular and cellular biology to the study of human physiology and disease}, language = {English}, publisher = {Saunders}, editor = {Boron, Walter F. and Boulpaep, Emile L.}, month = dec, year = {2011} } @article{zeek_heart_1924, title = {Heart weight: {The} weight of the normal human heart}, number = {34}, journal = {Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine}, author = {Zeek, P. M.}, year = {1924}, pages = {820--832} } @article{linte_inside_2009, title = {Inside the beating heart: {An} in vivo feasibility study on fusing pre- and intra-operative imaging for minimally invasive therapy}, volume = {4}, issn = {1861-6429}, shorttitle = {Inside the beating heart}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033609}, doi = {10.1007/s11548-008-0278-6}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: An interventional system for minimally invasive cardiac surgery was developed for therapy delivery inside the beating heart, in absence of direct vision. METHOD: A system was developed to provide a virtual reality (VR) environment that integrates pre-operative imaging, real-time intra-operative guidance using 2D trans-esophageal ultrasound, and models of the surgical tools tracked using a magnetic tracking system. Detailed 3D dynamic cardiac models were synthesized from high-resolution pre-operative MR data and registered within the intra-operative imaging environment. The feature-based registration technique was employed to fuse pre- and intra-operative data during in vivo intracardiac procedures on porcine subjects. RESULTS: This method was found to be suitable for in vivo applications as it relies on easily identifiable landmarks, and hence, it ensures satisfactory alignment of pre- and intra-operative anatomy in the region of interest (4.8 mm RMS alignment accuracy) within the VR environment. Our initial experience in translating this work to guide intracardiac interventions, such as mitral valve implantation and atrial septal defect repair demonstrated feasibility of the methods. CONCLUSION: Surgical guidance in the absence of direct vision and with no exposure to ionizing radiation was achieved, so our virtual environment constitutes a feasible candidate for performing various off-pump intracardiac interventions.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery}, author = {Linte, Cristian A. and Moore, John and Wedlake, Chris and Bainbridge, Daniel and Guiraudon, G{\'e}rard M. and Jones, Douglas L. and Peters, Terry M.}, month = mar, year = {2009}, pmid = {20033609}, keywords = {Animals, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Disease Models, Animal, Feasibility Studies, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Monitoring, Intraoperative, Preoperative Period, Reproducibility of Results, Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive, Swine, User-Computer Interface}, pages = {113--123}, file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D8RBVCEU/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{murray_hydromorphone_2005, title = {Hydromorphone}, volume = {29}, issn = {0885-3924 (Print)}, number = {5 Suppl}, journal = {Journal of Pain and Symptom Management}, author = {Murray, A. and Hagen, N. A.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {*Analgesics, Opioid/history/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, *Hydromorphone/history/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, History, 20th Century, Humans, Neoplasms/complications, Pain/drug therapy/etiology, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Substance-Related Disorders}, pages = {S57--66}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5G2I278Q/Murray.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nattel_new_2002, title = {New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on}, volume = {415}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2002 Nature Publishing Group}, issn = {0028-0836}, url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v415/n6868/full/415219a.html}, doi = {10.1038/415219a}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation is a condition in which control of heart rhythm is taken away from the normal sinus node pacemaker by rapid activity in different areas within the upper chambers (atria) of the heart. This results in rapid and irregular atrial activity and, instead of contracting, the atria only quiver. It is the most common cardiac rhythm disturbance and contributes substantially to cardiac morbidity and mortality. For over 50 years, the prevailing model of atrial fibrillation involved multiple simultaneous re-entrant waves, but in light of new discoveries this hypothesis is now undergoing re-evaluation.}, language = {en}, number = {6868}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Nature}, author = {Nattel, Stanley}, month = jan, year = {2002}, pages = {219--226}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SV8WETXA/Nattel - 2002 - New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8HAEVNAB/415219a.html:text/html} } @article{lederman_contraindication_2006, title = {A contraindication for internal mammary to coronary bypass}, volume = {92}, number = {1}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Lederman, R. J. and Reiner, J. S.}, year = {2006}, pages = {51--}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2T5VJ7SS/Lederman Contraindication.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gaynor_surgical_2005, title = {Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation: {Predictors} of late recurrence}, volume = {129}, issn = {0022-5223}, shorttitle = {Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522304013200}, doi = {10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.042}, abstract = {Objective The Cox maze procedure was introduced in 1987 for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. This study evaluated the predictors of late atrial fibrillation recurrence in 276 consecutive patients who underwent this procedure at our institution. Methods From 1987 through June 2003, 276 patients (79 female and 197 male patients; mean age, 55 {\textpm} 11 years) underwent the Cox maze procedure. Thirty-three patients had Cox maze procedure I, 16 patients had Cox maze procedure II, and 197 patients had Cox maze procedure III. The last 30 patients underwent a modified procedure (Cox maze procedure IV) with bipolar radiofrequency ablation. There were 113 (41\%) patients who had a concomitant operation, most commonly either a mitral valve procedure (19\%) or coronary artery bypass grafting (20\%). Data were analyzed by means of univariate analysis, with preoperative and perioperative variables used as covariates. Patient follow-up was conducted by means of questionnaire, physician examination, and electrocardiographic documentation. All patients had a minimum of 6 months of follow-up. Results Patient follow-up was achieved in 92.8\% of cases, with a mean follow-up time of 5.8 {\textpm} 3.6 years. Risk factors for late atrial fibrillation recurrence were duration of preoperative atrial fibrillation (P = .01) and Cox maze procedure version (P = .001). There was no difference in actuarial 10-year survival between the Cox maze procedure versions. Conclusion The Cox maze procedure remains the gold standard for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and has excellent long-term efficacy. The most significant predictor of late recurrence was duration of preoperative atrial fibrillation, suggesting that earlier surgical intervention would further increase efficacy.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery}, author = {Gaynor, Sydney L. and Schuessler, Richard B. and Bailey, Marci S. and Ishii, Yosuke and Boineau, John P. and Gleva, Marye J. and Cox, James L. and Damiano Jr, Ralph J.}, month = jan, year = {2005}, pages = {104--111}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THGSCF9T/Gaynor et al. - 2005 - Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation Predict.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QZTJFA6P/S0022522304013200.html:text/html} } @article{hlatky_expanding_2008, title = {Expanding the orbit of primary prevention--moving beyond {JUPITER}}, volume = {359}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, number = {21}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Hlatky, M. A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Primary Prevention, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/metabolism, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use}, pages = {2280--2}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZRH7G6TU/Hlatky-2008-Expanding the orbit.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{brinkman_transcatheter_2009, title = {Transcatheter cardiac valve interventions}, volume = {89}, issn = {1558-3171 (Electronic) 0039-6109 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {Surgical Clinics of North America}, author = {Brinkman, W. T. and Mack, M. J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Heart Valve Prosthesis, Heart Catheterization/*methods, Heart Valve Diseases/physiopathology/*surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/*methods, Humans, Prosthesis Design}, pages = {951--966}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MDBBZVT6/transcath-valve.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nazarian_feasibility_2008, title = {Feasibility of real-time magnetic resonance imaging for catheter guidance in electrophysiology studies}, volume = {118}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic) 0009-7322 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Nazarian, S. and Kolandaivelu, A. and Zviman, M. M. and Meininger, G. R. and Kato, R. and Susil, R. C. and Roguin, A. and Dickfeld, T. L. and Ashikaga, H. and Calkins, H. and Berger, R. D. and Bluemke, D. A. and Lardo, A. C. and Halperin, H. R.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Computer Systems, *Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional/adverse effects, Animals, Bundle of His, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Catheterization, Dogs, Echo-Planar Imaging, Electrophysiology/*methods, Feasibility Studies, Heart Atria, Heart Catheterization/adverse effects/instrumentation/*methods, Hot Temperature, Humans}, pages = {223--229}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UTD8IV2T/iCMR-feasibility.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sousa_new_2005, title = {New frontiers in interventional cardiology}, volume = {111}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/111/5/671}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000153802.70682.22}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Sousa, J. Eduardo and Costa, Marco A. and Tuzcu, E. Murat and Yadav, Jay S. and Ellis, Stephen}, month = feb, year = {2005}, pmid = {15699286}, keywords = {angiogenesis, imaging, restenosis, stents, trials}, pages = {671--681}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WSBXX7JD/Sousa et al. - 2005 - New Frontiers in Interventional Cardiology.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AEV8D4PD/671.html:text/html} } @article{nillesen_segmentation_2007, title = {Segmentation of the heart muscle in 3-{D} pediatric echocardiographic images}, volume = {33}, issn = {0301-5629}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301562907001925}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.04.001}, abstract = {This study aimed to show segmentation of the heart muscle in pediatric echocardiographic images as a preprocessing step for tissue analysis. Transthoracic image sequences (2-D and 3-D volume data, both derived in radiofrequency format, directly after beam forming) were registered in real time from four healthy children over three heart cycles. Three preprocessing methods, based on adaptive filtering, were used to reduce the speckle noise for optimizing the distinction between blood and myocardium, while preserving the sharpness of edges between anatomical structures. The filtering kernel size was linked to the local speckle size and the speckle noise characteristics were considered to define the optimal filter in one of the methods. The filtered 2-D images were thresholded automatically as a first step of segmentation of the endocardial wall. The final segmentation step was achieved by applying a deformable contour algorithm. This segmentation of each 2-D image of the 3-D + time (i.e., 4-D) datasets was related to that of the neighboring images in both time and space. By thus incorporating spatial and temporal information of 3-D ultrasound image sequences, an automated method using image statistics was developed to perform 3-D segmentation of the heart muscle. (E-mail: m.m.nillesen@cukz.umcn.nl)}, number = {9}, urldate = {2015-04-17}, journal = {Ultrasound in Medicine \& Biology}, author = {Nillesen, Maartje M. and Lopata, Richard G. P. and Gerrits, Inge H. and Kapusta, Livia and Huisman, Henkjan J. and Thijssen, Johan M. and de Korte, Chris L.}, month = sep, year = {2007}, keywords = {3-D echocardiography, Adaptive filtering, Deformable contour, image segmentation, Real-time imaging, Speckle, Ultrasound}, pages = {1453--1462}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IEPBN7VR/Nillesen et al. - 2007 - Segmentation of the Heart Muscle in 3-D Pediatric .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PJU7FBXN/S0301562907001925.html:text/html} } @article{wouters_structural_2001, title = {Structural remodeling of atrial myocardium in patients with cardiac valve disease and atrial fibrillation}, volume = {5}, journal = {Experimental \& Clinical Cardiology}, author = {Wouters, L. and Liu, G. S. and Flameng, W. and Thijssen, V. L. and Thone, F. and Borgers, M.}, year = {2001}, pages = {158--163}, file = {5967_wout.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IG4KXMUD/5967_wout.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{higuchi_cardiac_2014, title = {Cardiac {MRI} assessment of atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation: {Implications} for diagnosis and therapy}, volume = {100}, issn = {, 1468-201X}, shorttitle = {Cardiac {MRI} assessment of atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/100/7/590}, doi = {10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303884}, language = {en}, number = {7}, urldate = {2014-08-19}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Higuchi, Koji and Akkaya, Mehmet and Akoum, Nazem and Marrouche, Nassir F.}, month = apr, year = {2014}, pmid = {23619986}, keywords = {CARDIAC FUNCTION}, pages = {590--596}, file = {590.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JHK8P284/590.full.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lee_study_1915, title = {A study of the effect of rowing on the heart}, volume = {173}, issn = {0096-6762}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM191509301731403}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM191509301731403}, number = {14}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal}, author = {Lee, Roger I. and Dodd, Walter J. and Young, Edward L.}, month = sep, year = {1915}, pages = {499--502}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/62ZIKEDQ/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/223RIFGJ/NEJM191509301731403.html:text/html} } @article{tscholakoff_occlusive_1986, title = {Occlusive and reperfused myocardial infarcts: {Effect} of {Gd}-{DTPA} on {ECG}-gated {MR} imaging.}, volume = {160}, issn = {0033-8419}, shorttitle = {Occlusive and reperfused myocardial infarcts}, url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiology.160.2.3726135}, doi = {10.1148/radiology.160.2.3726135}, abstract = {In vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed to determine the effect of gadolinium-DTPA on MR intensity and relaxation times of occlusive and reperfused acute myocardial infarcts. In 18 dogs the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was ligated. Five hours after LAD artery occlusion, six dogs in group 1 received intravenous Gd-DTPA, 0.5 mmol/kg, and 6 dogs in group 2 received 0.1 mmol/kg. The myocardia of the remaining six dogs (group 3) were reperfused after 1 hour of coronary artery occlusion; these dogs received 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA intravenously 5 hours later. MR imaging was performed before (control) and 5 minutes after Gd-DTPA administration. Intravenous administration of 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA significantly improved contrast between infarcted and normal myocardium on T1-weighted spin echo images in group 3. In all groups, T2-weighted precontrast images provided contrast between infarcted and normal myocardium equivalent or better than that provided by T1-weighted postcontrast images. Thus, Gd-DTPA did not improve contrast between ischemically injured and normal myocardium in the early hours after coronary artery occlusion.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Tscholakoff, D. and Higgins, C. B. and Sechtem, U. and McNamara, M. T.}, month = aug, year = {1986}, pages = {515--519}, file = {document (2).pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9XP3KUIF/document (2).pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z9G5BKDG/radiology.160.2.html:text/html} } @article{kannel_unrecognized_1985, title = {Unrecognized myocardial infarction and hypertension: {The} {Framingham} {Study}}, volume = {109}, issn = {0002-8703 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=3976481}, number = {3 Pt 1}, journal = {American Heart Journal}, author = {Kannel, W. B. and Dannenberg, A. L. and Abbott, R. D.}, year = {1985}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Electrocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypertension/*complications/drug therapy/physiopathology, Male, Massachusetts, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis/*etiology/physiopathology, Prognosis, Risk}, pages = {581--5} } @article{hsu_quantitative_2006, title = {Quantitative myocardial infarction on delayed enhancement {MRI}. {Part} {II}: {Clinical} application of an automated feature analysis and combined thresholding infarct sizing algorithm}, volume = {23}, issn = {1053-1807 (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, author = {Hsu, L. Y. and Ingkanisorn, W. P. and Kellman, P. and Aletras, A. H. and Arai, A. E.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Algorithms, Contrast Media, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Female, Gadolinium DTPA/diagnostic use, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ methods, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/ pathology, Observer Variation}, pages = {309--314}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N6AENITZ/Arai MI_MRI2.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mora_clinical_2009, title = {The clinical utility of high-sensitivity {C}-reactive protein in cardiovascular disease and the potential implication of {JUPITER} on current practice guidelines}, volume = {55}, issn = {1530-8561 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Clinical Chemistry}, author = {Mora, S. and Musunuru, K. and Blumenthal, R. S.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/*diagnosis/prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Clinical Trials as Topic, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, dosage/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration \&, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Predictive Value of Tests}, pages = {219--28}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z3CTQN4U/Mora-2009-The clinical utility.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{eikelboom_risk_2011, title = {Risk of bleeding with 2 doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin in older and younger patients with atrial fibrillation: {An} analysis of the randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulant therapy ({RE}-{LY}) trial}, volume = {123}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/123/21/2363}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.004747}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Dabigatran 150 and 110 mg twice a day and warfarin are effective for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. The purpose of this study was to compare their risks of bleeding in the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy (RE-LY) trial. Methods and Results{\textemdash}The RE-LY trial randomized 18 113 patients to receive dabigatran 110 or 150 mg twice a day or warfarin dose adjusted to an international normalized ratio of 2.0 to 3.0 for a median follow-up of 2.0 years. Compared with warfarin, dabigatran 110 mg twice a day was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding (2.87\% versus 3.57\%; P=0.002), whereas dabigatran 150 mg twice a day was associated with a similar risk of major bleeding (3.31\% versus 3.57\%; P=0.32). There was a significant treatment-by-age interaction, such that dabigatran 110 mg twice a day compared with warfarin was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding in patients aged {\textless}75 years (1.89\% versus 3.04\%; P{\textless}0.001) and a similar risk in those aged >=75 years (4.43\% versus 4.37\%; P=0.89; P for interaction {\textless}0.001), whereas dabigatran 150 mg twice a day compared with warfarin was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding in those aged {\textless}75 years (2.12\% versus 3.04\%; P{\textless}0.001) and a trend toward higher risk of major bleeding in those aged >=75 years (5.10\% versus 4.37\%; P=0.07; P for interaction {\textless}0.001). The interaction with age was evident for extracranial bleeding, but not for intracranial bleeding, with the risk of the latter being consistently reduced with dabigatran compared with warfarin irrespective of age. Conclusions{\textemdash}In patients with atrial fibrillation at risk for stroke, both doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin have lower risks of both intracranial and extracranial bleeding in patients aged {\textless}75 years. In those aged >=75 years, intracranial bleeding risk is lower but extracranial bleeding risk is similar or higher with both doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin. Clinical Trial Registration{\textemdash}http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00262600.}, language = {en}, number = {21}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Eikelboom, John W. and Wallentin, Lars and Connolly, Stuart J. and Ezekowitz, Mike and Healey, Jeff S. and Oldgren, Jonas and Yang, Sean and Alings, Marco and Kaatz, Scott and Hohnloser, Stefan H. and Diener, Hans-Christoph and Franzosi, Maria Grazia and Huber, Kurt and Reilly, Paul and Varrone, Jeanne and Yusuf, Salim}, month = may, year = {2011}, pmid = {21576658}, keywords = {anticoagulants, Atrial Fibrillation}, pages = {2363--2372}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4HW6DUZZ/Eikelboom et al. - 2011 - Risk of Bleeding With 2 Doses of Dabigatran Compar.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2ACWHBRP/2363.html:text/html} } @book{libby_braunwalds_2008, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Braunwald's {Heart} {Disease}: {A} {Textbook} of {Cardiovascular} {Medicine}}, isbn = {978-1-4160-4106-1}, publisher = {Saunders Elsevier}, author = {Libby, Peter and Bonow, Robert O. and Mann, Douglas L. and Zipess, Douglas P.}, year = {2008} } @article{bajpai_treatment_2008, title = {Treatment of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {88}, issn = {0007-1420, 1471-8391}, url = {http://bmb.oxfordjournals.org/content/88/1/75}, doi = {10.1093/bmb/ldn046}, abstract = {Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common, sustained rhythm disturbance. The prevalence of AF is increasing as people live longer. Common conditions such as hypertension and ischaemic heart disease play an important role in the development of AF. The presence of AF is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from stroke and heart failure, particularly in patients with structural heart disease. Sources of data This article provides evidence-based information on the key aspects of managing AF which is based on major guidelines, landmark clinical trials and meta-analyses. Areas of agreement It is well recognized that both rate control and rhythm control are important strategies for the management of AF, but each approach should be chosen according to individual patient circumstances. A vast majority of elderly, relatively asymptomatic patients will benefit from ventricular rate control. Embolic stroke remains a major complication of AF. Yet, anticoagulation with warfarin remains underprescribed, especially in the elderly due to the presumed risk of bleeding. The technique of catheter ablation continues to improve and is generally successful in younger patients with relatively normal hearts. Areas of controversy There are clinically relevant differences among published schemes designed to stratify stroke risk in patients with AF. The CHADS2 score is currently the most simple system to give some initial estimate of stroke risk in AF patients, but could significantly underestimate this risk, particularly in those who fall in the {\textquoteleft}intermediate{\textquoteright} risk category. Growing points and areas timely for developing research Novel antiarrhythmic agents, including atrial specific agents with improved efficacy and safety profile, are currently under development. New antithrombotic agents with efficacy similar to warfarin which do not require regular INR testing appear to be promising, but there are lack of data about their long-term safety. There is increasing evidence that inflammation and fibrosis may play a major role in the initiation and maintenance of AF. Statins by means of their pleotropic effects and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers by preventing atrial remodelling may prove useful in preventing the development of AF. However, there is insufficient evidence to expand the use of these agents to a wider patient population at risk of AF. It needs to be seen if strategies towards primary and secondary prevention with treatment of underlying heart disease and modification of risk factors have a larger effect than specific interventions in preventing the burden of AF in the general population.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-10}, journal = {British Medical Bulletin}, author = {Bajpai, Abhay and Savelieva, Irina and Camm, A. John}, month = dec, year = {2008}, pmid = {19059992}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, rate control, rhythm control}, pages = {75--94}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AJAH3ZJ6/Bajpai et al. - 2008 - Treatment of atrial fibrillation.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J663P2ZS/75.html:text/html} } @article{freeman_perioperative_2009, title = {Perioperative cardiovascular assessment of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery}, volume = {84}, issn = {1942-5546 (Electronic) 0025-6196 (Linking)}, number = {1}, journal = {Mayo Clinic Proceedings}, author = {Freeman, W. K. and Gibbons, R. J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Surgical Procedures, Operative, Cardiovascular Diseases/*therapy, Humans, Perioperative Care/*methods, Prognosis, Risk Assessment/methods}, pages = {79--90}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7AA9MDSI/PeriopCVAssess.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{tian_three-dimensional_2010, title = {Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced multidetector {CT} for anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion characterization of abnormal myocardium to guide ventricular tachycardia ablations}, volume = {3}, issn = {1941-3084}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.109.889311}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Advances in contrast-enhanced multidetector CT enable detailed characterization of the left ventricular myocardium. Myocardial scar and border zone (BZ), as the target of ventricular tachycardia ablations, displays abnormal anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion characteristics during first-pass CT. This study assessed how contrast-enhanced CT can predict voltage-defined scar and BZ and integrate its scar reconstructions into clinical mapping systems to guide ventricular tachycardia ablations. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eleven patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy underwent contrast-enhanced CT before ventricular tachycardia ablation. Segmental anatomic (end-systolic and end-diastolic wall thickness), dynamic (wall thickening, wall motion), and perfusion (hypoenhancement) characteristics were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic curves assessed the ability of CT to determine voltage-defined scar and BZ segments. Three-dimensional epi- and endocardial surfaces and scar borders were reconstructed, coregistered, and compared to voltages using a 17-segment model. Abnormal anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion data correlated well with abnormal ({\textless}1.5 mV) endocardial voltages (r=0.77). Three-dimensional reconstruction integrated into the clinical mapping system (registration accuracy, 3.31{\textpm}0.52 mm) allowed prediction of homogenous abnormal voltage ({\textless}1.5 mV) in 81.7\% of analyzed segments and correctly displayed transmural extent and intramural scar location. CT hypoperfusion correlated best with scar and BZ areas and encompassed curative ablations in 82\% cases. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion imaging using contrast-enhanced CT allows characterization of left ventricular anatomy and 3D scar and BZ substrate. Integration of reconstructed 3D data sets into clinical mapping systems supplements information of voltage mapping and may enable new image approaches for substrate-guided ventricular tachycardia ablation.}, language = {eng}, number = {5}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Tian, Jing and Jeudy, Jean and Smith, Mark F. and Jimenez, Alejandro and Yin, Xianghua and Bruce, Patricia A. and Lei, Peng and Turgeman, Aharon and Abbo, Aharon and Shekhar, Raj and Saba, Magdi and Shorofsky, Stephen and Dickfeld, Timm}, month = oct, year = {2010}, pmid = {20657032}, keywords = {Aged, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Catheter Ablation, Contrast Media, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Male, Myocardial Ischemia, Perfusion Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Tomography, X-Ray Computed}, pages = {496--504} } @article{xue_high_2013, title = {High spatial and temporal resolution retrospective cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance from shortened free breathing real-time acquisitions}, volume = {15}, copyright = {2013 Xue et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.}, issn = {1532-429X}, url = {http://jcmr-online.com/content/15/1/102/abstract}, doi = {10.1186/1532-429X-15-102}, abstract = {PMID: 24228930}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-25}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance}, author = {Xue, Hui and Kellman, Peter and LaRocca, Gina and Arai, Andrew E. and Hansen, Michael S.}, month = nov, year = {2013}, pmid = {24228930}, keywords = {cardiac mri, Motion correction, Myocardial function, Real-time imaging, Retrospective reconstruction}, pages = {102}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MH22XVUD/Xue et al. - 2013 - High spatial and temporal resolution retrospective.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UDJUHMN6/102.html:text/html} } @article{markwood_design_2001, title = {Design and rationale of the {ARBITER} trial ({Arterial} {Biology} for the {Investigation} of the {Treatment} {Effects} of {Reducing} {Cholesterol})--a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid artery intima-media thickness}, volume = {141}, issn = {0002-8703 (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {American Heart Journal}, author = {Markwood, T. T. and Kent, S. M. and Coyle, L. C. and Flaherty, P. J. and O'Malley, P. G. and Taylor, A. J.}, year = {2001}, keywords = {Carotid Artery, Common/drug effects/*pathology, Cholesterol, LDL/analysis, Coronary Disease/drug therapy/*pathology, Heptanoic Acids/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Pravastatin/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Pyrroles/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design, Tunica Intima/drug effects/*pathology, Tunica Media/drug effects/*pathology}, pages = {342--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZW7DSUI8/Markwood01.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{saw_percutaneous_2014, title = {Percutaneous left atrial appendage~closure: {Procedural} techniques and putcomes}, volume = {7}, issn = {1936-8798}, shorttitle = {Percutaneous {Left} {Atrial} {Appendage}~{Closure}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936879814012382}, doi = {10.1016/j.jcin.2014.05.026}, abstract = {Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure technology for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation has significantly advanced in the past 2 decades. Several devices are under clinical investigation, and a few have already received Conformit{\'e} Europ{\'e}ene (CE)-mark approval and are available in many countries. The WATCHMAN device (Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts) has the~most supportive data and is under evaluation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for warfarin-eligible patients. The Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (St. Jude Medical, Plymouth, Minnesota) has a large real-world experience over the past 5 years, and a randomized trial comparing Amplatzer Cardiac Plug with the WATCHMAN device is anticipated in the near future. The Lariat procedure (SentreHEART Inc., Redwood City, California) has also gained interest lately, but early studies were concerning for high rates of serious pericardial effusion and major bleeding. The current real-world experience predominantly involves patients who are not long-term anticoagulation candidates or who are perceived to have high bleeding risks. This pattern of practice is expected to change when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves the WATCHMAN device for warfarin-eligible patients. This paper reviews in depth the procedural techniques, safety, and outcomes of the current leading devices.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions}, author = {Saw, Jacqueline and Lempereur, Mathieu}, month = nov, year = {2014}, keywords = {Amplatzer Cardiac Plug, Amulet, Lariat, left atrial appendage closure, WATCHMAN}, pages = {1205--1220}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AT5JZTKE/Saw and Lempereur - 2014 - Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage~Closure Proced.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VFVX3PQN/S1936879814012382.html:text/html} } @article{houston_hierarchical_2006, title = {Hierarchical {RLE} level set: {A} compact and versatile deformable surface representation}, volume = {25}, issn = {0730-0301}, shorttitle = {Hierarchical {RLE} {Level} {Set}}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1122501.1122508}, doi = {10.1145/1122501.1122508}, abstract = {This article introduces the Hierarchical Run-Length Encoded (H-RLE) Level Set data structure. This novel data structure combines the best features of the DT-Grid (of Nielsen and Museth [2004]) and the RLE Sparse Level Set (of Houston et al. [2004]) to provide both optimal efficiency and extreme versatility. In brief, the H-RLE level set employs an RLE in a dimensionally recursive fashion. The RLE scheme allows the compact storage of sequential nonnarrowband regions while the dimensionally recursive encoding along each axis efficiently compacts nonnarrowband planes and volumes. Consequently, this new structure can store and process level sets with effective voxel resolutions exceeding 5000 {\texttimes} 3000 {\texttimes} 3000 (45 billion voxels) on commodity PCs with only 1 GB of memory. This article, besides introducing the H-RLE level set data structure and its efficient core algorithms, also describes numerous applications that have benefited from our use of this structure: our unified implicit object representation, efficient and robust mesh to level set conversion, rapid ray tracing, level set metamorphosis, collision detection, and fully sparse fluid simulation (including RLE vector and matrix representations.) Our comparisons of the popular octree level set and Peng level set structures to the H-RLE level set indicate that the latter is superior in both narrowband sequential access speed and overall memory usage.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {ACM Trans. Graph.}, author = {Houston, Ben and Nielsen, Michael B. and Batty, Christopher and Nilsson, Ola and Museth, Ken}, month = jan, year = {2006}, keywords = {adaptive distance fields, computational fluid dynamics, deformable surfaces, geometric modeling, implicit surfaces, Level set methods, mesh scan conversion, morphology, Shape}, pages = {151--175}, file = {ACM Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/V96XH6XF/Houston et al. - 2006 - Hierarchical RLE Level Set A Compact and Versatil.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{heimann_statistical_2009, title = {Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segmentation: {A} review}, volume = {13}, issn = {1361-8415}, shorttitle = {Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segmentation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841509000425}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2009.05.004}, abstract = {Statistical shape models (SSMs) have by now been firmly established as a robust tool for segmentation of medical images. While 2D models have been in use since the early 1990s, wide-spread utilization of three-dimensional models appeared only in recent years, primarily made possible by breakthroughs in automatic detection of shape correspondences. In this article, we review the techniques required to create and employ these 3D SSMs. While we concentrate on landmark-based shape representations and thoroughly examine the most popular variants of Active Shape and Active Appearance models, we also describe several alternative approaches to statistical shape modeling. Structured into the topics of shape representation, model construction, shape correspondence, local appearance models and search algorithms, we present an overview of the current state of the art in the field. We conclude with a survey of applications in the medical field and a discussion of future developments.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2011-11-20}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Heimann, Tobias and Meinzer, Hans-Peter}, month = aug, year = {2009}, keywords = {Active Appearance model, Active Shape model, Deformable surface, Statistical shape model}, pages = {543--563}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CR2J4IM7/Heimann and Meinzer - 2009 - Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segm.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VZBZR2EZ/S1361841509000425.html:text/html} } @article{mcgann_atrial_2014, title = {Atrial fibrillation ablation outcome is predicted by left atrial remodeling on {MRI}}, volume = {7}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/7/1/23}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000689}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Although catheter ablation therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) is becoming more common, results vary widely, and patient selection criteria remain poorly defined. We hypothesized that late gadolinium enhancement MRI (LGE-MRI) can identify left atrial (LA) wall structural remodeling (SRM) and stratify patients who are likely or not to benefit from ablation therapy. Methods and Results{\textemdash}LGE-MRI was performed on 426 consecutive patients with AF without contraindications to MRI before undergoing their first ablation procedure and on 21 non-AF control subjects. Patients were categorized by SRM stage (I{\textendash}IV) based on the percentage of LA wall enhancement for correlation with procedure outcomes. Histological validation of SRM was performed comparing LGE-MRI with surgical biopsy. A total of 386 patients (91\%) with adequate LGE-MRI scans were included in the study. After ablation, 123 patients (31.9\%) experienced recurrent atrial arrhythmias during the 1-year follow-up. Recurrent arrhythmias (failed ablations) occurred at higher SRM stages with 28 of 133 (21.0\%) in stage I, 40 of 140 (29.3\%) in stage II, 24 of 71 (33.8\%) in stage III, and 30 of 42 (71.4\%) in stage IV. In multivariate analysis, ablation outcome was best predicted by advanced SRM stage (hazard ratio, 4.89; P{\textless}0.0001) and diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio, 1.64; P=0.036), whereas increased LA volume and persistent AF were not significant predictors. LA wall enhancement was significantly greater in patients with AF versus non-AF controls (16.6{\textpm}11.2\% versus 3.1{\textpm}1.9\%; P{\textless}0.0001). Histological evidence of remodeling from surgical biopsy specimens correlated with SRM on LGE-MRI. Conclusions{\textemdash}Atrial SRM is identified on LGE-MRI, and extensive LGE (>=30\% LA wall enhancement) predicts poor response to catheter ablation therapy for AF.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-08-22}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {McGann, Christopher and Akoum, Nazem and Patel, Amit and Kholmovski, Eugene and Revelo, Patricia and Damal, Kavitha and Wilson, Brent and Cates, Josh and Harrison, Alexis and Ranjan, Ravi and Burgon, Nathan S. and Greene, Tom and Kim, Dan and DiBella, Edward V. R. and Parker, Dennis and MacLeod, Rob S. and Marrouche, Nassir F.}, month = feb, year = {2014}, pmid = {24363354}, keywords = {atrial remodeling, Catheter Ablation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, pages = {23--30}, file = {23.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6BTHPXQ2/23.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9I2GN3IE/23.html:text/html} } @article{shaw_constructing_2015, title = {Constructing rich false memories of committing crime}, issn = {0956-7976, 1467-9280}, url = {http://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/01/14/0956797614562862}, doi = {10.1177/0956797614562862}, abstract = {Memory researchers long have speculated that certain tactics may lead people to recall crimes that never occurred, and thus could potentially lead to false confessions. This is the first study to provide evidence suggesting that full episodic false memories of committing crime can be generated in a controlled experimental setting. With suggestive memory-retrieval techniques, participants were induced to generate criminal and noncriminal emotional false memories, and we compared these false memories with true memories of emotional events. After three interviews, 70\% of participants were classified as having false memories of committing a crime (theft, assault, or assault with a weapon) that led to police contact in early adolescence and volunteered a detailed false account. These reported false memories of crime were similar to false memories of noncriminal events and to true memory accounts, having the same kinds of complex descriptive and multisensory components. It appears that in the context of a highly suggestive interview, people can quite readily generate rich false memories of committing crime.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-01-18}, journal = {Psychological Science}, author = {Shaw, Julia and Porter, Stephen}, month = jan, year = {2015}, keywords = {adolescent delinquency, episodic memory, false memory, legal confession}, pages = {0956797614562862}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JX8CANUK/Shaw and Porter - 2015 - Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Cri.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M8VMA9NG/Shaw and Porter - 2015 - Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Cri.html:text/html} } @article{hanel_maximal_2003, title = {Maximal rowing has an acute effect on the blood-gas barrier in elite athletes}, volume = {95}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 2003 the American Physiological Society}, issn = {8750-7587, 1522-1601}, url = {http://jap.physiology.org/content/95/3/1076}, doi = {10.1152/japplphysiol.00082.2002}, abstract = {The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of maximal exercise on the integrity of the alveolar epithelial membrane using the clearance rate of aerosolized 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid as an index for the permeability of the lung blood-gas barrier. Ten elite rowers (24.3 {\textpm} 4.6 yr of age) completed two 20-min pulmonary clearance measurements immediately after and 2 h after 6 min of all-out rowing (initial and late, respectively). All subjects participated in resting control measurements on a separate day. For each 20-min measurement, lung clearance was calculated for 0-7 and 10-20 min. Furthermore, scintigrams were processed from the initial and late measurements of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid clearance. Compared with control levels, the pulmonary clearance measurement after rowing was increased from 1.2 {\textpm} 0.5 to 2.4 {\textpm} 1.0\%/min (SD) at 0-7 min (P {\textless} 0.01) and from 0.8 {\textpm} 0.3 to 1.5 {\textpm} 0.4\%/min at 10-20 min (P {\textless} 0.0005), returning to resting levels within 2 h. In 6 of 10 subjects, ventilation distribution on the lung scintigrams was inhomogeneous at the initial measurement. The study demonstrates an acute increased pulmonary clearance after maximal rowing. The ventilation defects identified on the lung scintigrams may represent transient interstitial edema secondary to increased blood-gas barrier permeability induced by mechanical stress.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-08}, journal = {Journal of Applied Physiology}, author = {Hanel, Birgitte and Law, Ian and Mortensen, Jann}, month = sep, year = {2003}, pmid = {12716865}, note = {The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of maximal exercise on the integrity of the alveolar epithelial membrane using the clearance rate of aerosolized 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid as an index for the permeability of the lung blood-gas barrier. Ten elite rowers (24.3 {\textpm} 4.6 yr of age) completed two 20-min pulmonary clearance measurements immediately after and 2 h after 6 min of all-out rowing (initial and late, respectively). All subjects participated in resting control measurements on a separate day. For each 20-min measurement, lung clearance was calculated for 0-7 and 10-20 min. Furthermore, scintigrams were processed from the initial and late measurements of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid clearance. Compared with control levels, the pulmonary clearance measurement after rowing was increased from 1.2 {\textpm} 0.5 to 2.4 {\textpm} 1.0\%/min (SD) at 0-7 min ( P {\textless} 0.01) and from 0.8 {\textpm} 0.3 to 1.5 {\textpm} 0.4\%/min at 10-20 min ( P {\textless} 0.0005), returning to resting levels within 2 h. In 6 of 10 subjects, ventilation distribution on the lung scintigrams was inhomogeneous at the initial measurement. The study demonstrates an acute increased pulmonary clearance after maximal rowing. The ventilation defects identified on the lung scintigrams may represent transient interstitial edema secondary to increased blood-gas barrier permeability induced by mechanical stress.}, pages = {1076--1082}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/47C3BBKX/Hanel et al. - 2003 - Maximal rowing has an acute effect on the blood-ga.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TNZIBCH4/1076.html:text/html} } @article{niu_prevalence_2007, title = {Prevalence of dyssynchrony derived from echocardiographic criteria in heart failure patients with normal or prolonged {QRS} duration}, volume = {24}, issn = {1540-8175}, number = {4}, journal = {Echocardiography}, author = {Niu, Hongxia and Hua, Wei and Zhang, Shu and Sun, Xin and Wang, Fangzheng and Chen, Keping and Chen, Xin}, year = {2007}, pages = {348--352}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CDXAAHF7/Niu Dyssynchrony.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{chen_coupled_2006, title = {A coupled minimization problem for medical image segmentation with priors}, volume = {71}, issn = {0920-5691, 1573-1405}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-006-8524-2}, doi = {10.1007/s11263-006-8524-2}, abstract = {We present a coupled minimization problem for image segmentation using prior shape and intensity profile. One part of the model minimizes a shape related energy and the energy of geometric active contour with a parameter that balances the influence from these two. The minimizer corresponding to a fixed parameter in this minimization gives a segmentation and an alignment between the segmentation and prior shape. The second part of this model optimizes the selection of the parameter by maximizing the mutual information of image geometry between the prior and the aligned novel image over all the alignments corresponding to different parameters in the first part. By this coupling the segmentation arrives at higher image gradient, forms a shape similar to the prior, and captures the prior intensity profile. We also propose using mutual information of image geometry to generate intensity model from a set of training images. Experimental results on cardiac ultrasound images are presented. These results indicate that the proposed model provides close agreement with expert traced borders, and the parameter determined in this model for one image can be used for images with similar properties.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-04-28}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Vision}, author = {Chen, Yunmei and Huang, Feng and Tagare, Hemant D. and Rao, Murali}, month = jun, year = {2006}, keywords = {Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Computer Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, intensity prior, mutual information of image geometry, Pattern Recognition, registration, Segmentation, shape prior, variational method}, pages = {259--272}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B9BPKKZ7/Chen et al. - 2006 - A Coupled Minimization Problem for Medical Image S.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QQVAZ4VC/10.html:text/html} } @article{radon_uber_1917, title = {{\"U}ber die {Bestimmung} von {Funktionen} durch ihre {Integralwerte} l{\"a}ngs gewisser {Mannigfaltigkeiten}}, volume = {69}, journal = {Akademie der Wissenschaften}, author = {Radon, Johann}, year = {1917}, pages = {262--277}, file = {Radon_Deutsch_1917.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RMWSGXEX/Radon_Deutsch_1917.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{james_coronary_1971, title = {Coronary circulation in acute myocardial infarction}, volume = {33}, issn = {0007-0769 (Print)}, journal = {British Heart Journal}, author = {James, T. N.}, year = {1971}, keywords = {Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology, Collateral Circulation, Coronary Vessels/anatomy \& histology/*physiopathology, Heart Conduction System/blood supply, Heart Septum/blood supply, Humans, Myocardial Infarction/*physiopathology, Sinoatrial Node/blood supply}, pages = {Suppl:138--44}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZUG3J96D/brheartj00311-0142.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{besl_method_1992, title = {A method for registration of 3-{D} shapes}, volume = {14}, issn = {0162-8828}, doi = {10.1109/34.121791}, abstract = {The authors describe a general-purpose, representation-independent method for the accurate and computationally efficient registration of 3-D shapes including free-form curves and surfaces. The method handles the full six degrees of freedom and is based on the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, which requires only a procedure to find the closest point on a geometric entity to a given point. The ICP algorithm always converges monotonically to the nearest local minimum of a mean-square distance metric, and the rate of convergence is rapid during the first few iterations. Therefore, given an adequate set of initial rotations and translations for a particular class of objects with a certain level of `shape complexity', one can globally minimize the mean-square distance metric over all six degrees of freedom by testing each initial registration. One important application of this method is to register sensed data from unfixtured rigid objects with an ideal geometric model, prior to shape inspection. Experimental results show the capabilities of the registration algorithm on point sets, curves, and surfaces}, number = {2}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence}, author = {Besl, P. J. and McKay, Neil D.}, month = feb, year = {1992}, keywords = {3D shape registration, computational geometry, convergence, convergence of numerical methods, geometric entity, geometric model, Inspection, Iterative algorithms, iterative closest point, Iterative closest point algorithm, iterative methods, mean-square distance metric, motion estimation, optimisation, Pattern Recognition, picture processing, point set registration, Quaternions, Shape measurement, Solid modeling, Testing}, pages = {239--256}, file = {00121791.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q3PSHHCT/00121791.pdf:application/pdf;IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5TTG656B/abs_all.html:text/html} } @article{matsumura_non-invasive_2005, title = {Non-invasive assessment of myocardial ischaemia using new real-time three-dimensional dobutamine stress echocardiography: {Comparison} with conventional two-dimensional methods}, volume = {26}, number = {16}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Matsumura, Yoshiki and Hozumi, Takeshi and Arai, Kotaro and Sugioka, Kenichi and Ujino, Keiji and Takemoto, Yasuhiko and Yamagishi, Hiroyuki and Yoshiyama, Minoru and Yoshikawa, Junichi}, year = {2005}, pages = {1625--1632}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TK7F7SJM/Matsumura 3dStressEcho.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gartlehner_comparative_2008, title = {Comparative benefits and harms of second-generation antidepressants: background paper for the {American} {College} of {Physicians}}, volume = {149}, issn = {1539-3704 (Electronic)}, number = {10}, journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine}, author = {Gartlehner, G. and Gaynes, B. N. and Hansen, R. A. and Thieda, P. and DeVeaugh-Geiss, A. and Krebs, E. E. and Moore, C. G. and Morgan, L. and Lohr, K. N.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Age Factors, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects/ therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder/complications/ drug therapy/ethnology, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Male, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Remission Induction, Sex Factors}, pages = {734--50}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MFSBWRDB/Gartlehner-2008-Comparative benefits.pdf:application/pdf} } @phdthesis{nash_non-cooperative_1950, address = {Princeton, NJ}, type = {{PhD}}, title = {Non-{Cooperative} {Games}}, language = {English}, school = {Princeton}, author = {Nash, John}, month = may, year = {1950}, file = {Non-Cooperative_Games_Nash.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DBXFKQFE/Non-Cooperative_Games_Nash.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{chang_safety_2006, title = {Safety and efficacy of hydromorphone as an analgesic alternative to morphine in acute pain: a randomized clinical trial}, volume = {48}, issn = {1097-6760 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Annals of Emergency Medicine}, author = {Chang, A. K. and Bijur, P. E. and Meyer, R. H. and Kenny, M. K. and Solorzano, C. and Gallagher, E. J.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Analgesics, Opioid/administration \& dosage/*therapeutic use, Antiemetics/therapeutic use, Double-Blind Method, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Hydromorphone/administration \& dosage/*therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Morphine/therapeutic use, Pain Measurement, Pain/*prevention \& control, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {164--72}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PCPD9XBV/Chang.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hsu_fully_2001, title = {Fully automatic 3D feature-based registration of multi-modality medical images}, volume = {19}, issn = {0262-8856}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262885600000585}, doi = {10.1016/S0262-8856(00)00058-5}, abstract = {In this paper, we present an automated multi-modality registration algorithm based on hierarchical feature extraction. The approach, which has not been used previously, can be divided into two distinct stages: feature extraction (edge detection, surface extraction), and geometric matching. Two kinds of corresponding features {\textemdash} edge and surface {\textemdash} are extracted hierarchically from various image modalities. The registration then is performed using least-squares matching of the automatically extracted features. Both the robustness and accuracy of feature extraction and geometric matching steps are evaluated using simulated and patient images. The preliminary results show the error is on the average of one voxel. We have shown the proposed 3D registration algorithm provides a simple and fast method for automatic registering of MR-to-CT and MR-to-PET image modalities. Our results are comparable to other techniques and require no user interaction.}, urldate = {2012-09-18}, journal = {Image and Vision Computing}, author = {Hsu, L.-Y. and Loew, M. H.}, month = jan, year = {2001}, keywords = {Evaluation, image registration, Multi-modality}, pages = {75--85}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J2GQBK5Q/Hsu and Loew - 2001 - Fully automatic 3D feature-based registration of m.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R7ADD2EM/Hsu and Loew - 2001 - Fully automatic 3D feature-based registration of m.html:text/html} } @article{sandset_combined_2014, title = {Combined oral contraceptives increase risk of venous thrombosis according to oestrogen dose and type of progestogen}, volume = {19}, issn = {, 1473-6810}, url = {http://ebm.bmj.com/content/19/5/194}, doi = {10.1136/ebmed-2014-110011}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-10-16}, journal = {Evidence Based Medicine}, author = {Sandset, Per Morten}, month = oct, year = {2014}, pmid = {24948124}, keywords = {EPIDEMIOLOGY}, pages = {194--194}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9TJX5TEI/Sandset - 2014 - Combined oral contraceptives increase risk of veno.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CP59RX2M/194.html:text/html} } @incollection{evans_chi_2000, address = {New York}, edition = {3rd}, title = {Chi distribution}, isbn = {9780471371243}, abstract = {From the reviews:"Concise and useful summaries of the salient facts and formulas relating to [various] distributions." -Journal of the American Statistical Association"A worthwhile reference." -Journal of Quality TechnologySince the previous edition of this popular guide to the most commonly used statistical distributions was published in 1993, statistical methods have found many new applications in science, medicine, engineering, business/finance, and the social sciences. To keep pace with these developments and to highlight the growing influence of statistical software and data management techniques, this new edition is now thoroughly updated and revised. Through clear, concise, easy-to-follow presentations, the authors discuss the key facts and formulas for 40 major probability distributions, fine-tune all existing material, and continue to offer ready access to vital information gleaned from hard-to-find places across the literature. Highly useful both as an introduction to basic principles and as a quick reference guide, Statistical Distributions, Third Edition:* Presents the 40 distributions in alphabetical order* Provides all key formulas for each distribution* Adds a new chapter on the Empirical Distribution Function* Expands the Weibull Distribution to cover the 3 and 5 parameter versions* Incorporates diagrams and tables illustrating the characteristics of each distribution* Discusses the types of application for which distributions are used* Features references to relevant software packages}, language = {English}, booktitle = {Statistical {Distributions}}, publisher = {Wiley-Interscience}, author = {Evans, Merran and Hastings, Nicholas and Peacock, Brian}, month = jun, year = {2000}, pages = {57} } @book{townsend_coronary_2012, address = {London}, title = {Coronary {Heart} {Disease} {Statistics} 2012 {Edition}}, isbn = {978-1-899088-12-6}, language = {English}, publisher = {British Heart Foundation}, author = {Townsend, Nick and Wickramasinghe, Kremlin and Bhatnagar, Prachi and Smolina, Kate and Nichols, Mel and Leal, Jose and Luengo-Fernandez, Ramon and Rayner, Mike}, editor = {Weissberg, Peter}, month = oct, year = {2012}, file = {2012_chd_statistics_compendium.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JUBIK4SE/2012_chd_statistics_compendium.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{silverthorn_human_2012, address = {Boston}, edition = {6th}, title = {Human {Physiology}: {An} {Integrated} {Approach}}, isbn = {9780321750075}, shorttitle = {Human {Physiology}}, abstract = {Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach broke ground with its thorough coverage of molecular physiology seamlessly integrated into a traditional homeostasis-based systems approach. The newly revised Sixth Edition introduces a major reorganization of the early chapters to provide the best foundation for the course and new art features that streamline review and essential topics so that students can access them more easily on an as-needed basis. ~ Recognized as an extraordinary educator and active learning enthusiast, Dr. Silverthorn incorporates time-tested classroom techniques throughout the book and presents thorough, up-to-date coverage of new scientific discoveries, biotechnology techniques, and treatments of disorders.~Dr. Silverthorn also co-authored the accompanying Student Workbook and Instructor Manual, ensuring that these ancillaries reinforce the pedagogical approach of the book. This package contains: Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach, Sixth Edition}, language = {English}, publisher = {Pearson}, author = {Silverthorn, Dee Unglaub}, month = feb, year = {2012} } @article{davidson_treatment_2006, title = {Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with venlafaxine extended release: a 6-month randomized controlled trial}, volume = {63}, issn = {0003-990X (Print)}, number = {10}, journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry}, author = {Davidson, J. and Baldwin, D. and Stein, D. J. and Kuper, E. and Benattia, I. and Ahmed, S. and Pedersen, R. and Musgnung, J.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Adult, Ambulatory Care, Cyclohexanols/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Delayed-Action Preparations, Dizziness/chemically induced, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Headache/chemically induced, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nausea/chemically induced, Placebos, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics \& numerical data, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*drug therapy/psychology, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1158--65}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DEV4S33X/Davidson-2006-Treatment of posttra.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mcleod_irinotecan_2004, title = {Irinotecan pharmacogenetics: {Is} it time to intervene?}, volume = {22}, issn = {0732-183X (Print)}, number = {8}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author = {McLeod, H. L. and Watters, J. W.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*adverse effects, Camptothecin/*adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives, DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/antagonists \& inhibitors, Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Neutropenia/*chemically induced, Risk}, pages = {1356--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M3FIW6BB/McLeod-2004-Irinotecan pharmacog.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{biermann_intracardiac_2012, title = {Intracardiac echocardiography during catheter-based ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {2012, Article ID 921746}, issn = {2090-8016}, url = {http://www.hindawi.com/journals/crp/2012/921746/abs/}, doi = {10.1155/2012/921746}, abstract = {Accurate delineation of the variable left atrial anatomy is of utmost importance during anatomically based ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation targeting the pulmonary veins and possibly other structures of the atria. Intracardiac echocardiography allows real-time visualisation of the left atrium and adjacent structures and thus facilitates precise guidance of catheter-based ablation of atrial fibrillation. In patients with abnormal anatomy of the atria and/or the interatrial septum, intracardiac ultrasound might be especially valuable to guide transseptal access. Software algorithms like CARTOSound (Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, USA) offer the opportunity to reconstruct multiple two-dimensional ultrasound fans generated by intracardiac echocardiography to a three-dimensional object which can be merged to a computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction of the left atrium. Intracardiac ultrasound reduces dwell time of catheters in the left atrium, fluoroscopy, and procedural time and is invaluable concerning early identification of potential adverse events. The application of intracardiac echocardiography has the great capability to improve success rates of catheter-based ablation procedures.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-12-21}, journal = {Cardiology Research and Practice}, author = {Biermann, J{\"u}rgen and Bode, Christoph and Asbach, Stefan}, month = may, year = {2012}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2FV5JN38/Biermann et al. - 2012 - Intracardiac Echocardiography during Catheter-Base.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N9ICKC8K/921746.html:application/xhtml+xml} } @article{sanfilippo_atrial_1990, title = {Atrial enlargement as a consequence of atrial fibrillation: {A} prospective echocardiographic study}, volume = {82}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/82/3/792}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.82.3.792}, abstract = {To test the hypothesis that atrial enlargement can develop as a consequence of atrial fibrillation, left and right atrial dimensions were measured echocardiographically at two different time points in patients with atrial fibrillation. Patients were selected who initially had normal atrial sizes and who had no evidence of significant structural or functional cardiac abnormalities other than atrial fibrillation either by history or two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Fifteen patients were studied (12 men and three women; mean age, 67.3 years). Average time between studies was 20.6 months. Three orthogonal left atrial dimensions and two right atrial dimensions were measured, and all were found to increase significantly between studies. Also, highly significant increases in calculated left atrial volume (from 45.2 to 64.1 cm3, p less than 0.001) and right atrial volume (from 49.2 to 66.2 cm3, p less than 0.001) were observed. The relative extents of left and right atrial volume increase did not differ, and left ventricular size did not change significantly between studies. These results indicate that atrial enlargement can occur as a consequence of atrial fibrillation. The maintenance of sinus rhythm, therefore, may prevent atrial enlargement and its adverse clinical effects.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Sanfilippo, A. J. and Abascal, V. M. and Sheehan, M. and Oertel, L. B. and Harrigan, P. and Hughes, R. A. and Weyman, A. E.}, month = sep, year = {1990}, pmid = {2144217}, pages = {792--797}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QECTMWPU/Sanfilippo et al. - 1990 - Atrial enlargement as a consequence of atrial fibr.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D2CPQQ6N/792.html:text/html} } @article{linte_virtual_2008, title = {Virtual reality-enhanced ultrasound guidance: {A} novel technique for intracardiac interventions}, volume = {13}, issn = {1092-9088}, shorttitle = {Virtual reality-enhanced ultrasound guidance}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18317957}, doi = {10.3109/10929080801951160}, abstract = {Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, although a highly invasive interventional approach leading to numerous complications, is still the most common therapy option for treating many forms of cardiac disease. We are currently engaged in a project designed to replace many bypass surgeries with less traumatic, minimally invasive intracardiac therapies. This project combines real-time intra-operative echocardiography with a virtual reality environment providing the surgeon with a broad range of valuable information. Pre-operative images, electrophysiological data, positions of magnetically tracked surgical instruments, and dynamic surgical target representations are among the data that can be presented to the surgeon to augment intra-operative ultrasound images. This augmented reality system is applicable to procedures such as mitral valve replacement and atrial septal defect repair, as well as ablation therapies for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Our goal is to develop a robust augmented reality system that will improve the efficacy of intracardiac treatments and broaden the range of cardiac surgeries that can be performed in a minimally invasive manner. This paper provides an overview of our interventional system and specific experiments that assess its pre-clinical performance.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Computer Aided Surgery}, author = {Linte, Cristian A. and Moore, John and Wiles, Andrew D. and Wedlake, Chris and Peters, Terry M.}, month = mar, year = {2008}, pmid = {18317957}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Electrocardiography, Equipment Design, Heart Diseases, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mitral Valve, Phantoms, Imaging, Software, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, User-Computer Interface}, pages = {82--94}, file = {10929080801951160.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TH4RBNBM/10929080801951160.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{wikimedia_commons_human_2011, title = {Human body, front and side}, copyright = {Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue}, shorttitle = {English}, url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_body_front_and_side.svg}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, author = {{Wikimedia Commons}}, month = jun, year = {2011}, biboverride = {Wikimedia Commons, \newblock ``{H}uman body, front and side'' [image]. \newblock Accessed 7 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/! \verb!File:Human_body_front_and_side.svg!, under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.}, file = {Wikimedia Image:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KPPR2UH3/Nanoxyde - 2011 - English Human body, front and side.:;Wikimedia Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q76F2FQ9/Nanoxyde - 2011 - English Human body, front and side..html:text/html} } @article{finlay_randomised_2012, title = {A randomised comparison of {CartoMerge} vs. {NavX} fusion in the catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: {The} {CAVERN} {Trial}}, volume = {33}, issn = {1383-875X, 1572-8595}, shorttitle = {A randomised comparison of {Cartomerge} vs. {NavX} fusion in the catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10840-011-9632-7}, doi = {10.1007/s10840-011-9632-7}, abstract = {Purpose Integration of a 3D reconstruction of the left atrium into cardiac mapping systems can aid catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). The two most widely used systems are NavX Fusion and Cartomerge. We aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of these systems in a randomised trial. Methods Patients undergoing their first ablation were randomised to mapping using either NavX fusion or CartoMerge. Pulmonary vein isolation by wide area circumferential ablation was performed for paroxysmal AF with additional linear and fractionated potential ablation for persistent AF. Seven-day Holter monitoring was used for confirmation of sinus rhythm maintenance at 6 months. Results Ninety-seven patients were randomised and underwent a procedure. There was no difference in the primary endpoint of freedom from arrhythmia at 6 months (51\% in the Cartomerge group vs. 48\% in the NavX Fusion group, p = 0.76). 3D image registration was faster with Cartomerge (24 vs. 33 min, p = 0.0001), used less fluoroscopic screening (11 vs. 15 min, p = 0.039) with a lower fluoroscopic dose (840 vs. 1,415 mGyCm2, p = 0.043). There was a strong trend to lower ablation times in the Cartomerge group, overall RF time (3,292 s vs. 4,041, p = 0.07). Distance from 3D lesion to 3D image shell was smaller in the Cartomerge group (2.7 {\textpm} 1.9 vs. 3.3 {\textpm} 3.7 mm, p {\textless} 0.001). Conclusions Cartomerge appears to be faster and uses less fluoroscopy to achieve registration than NavX Fusion, but overall procedural times and clinical outcomes are similar.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-21}, journal = {Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology}, author = {Finlay, Malcolm C. and Hunter, Ross J. and Baker, Victoria and Richmond, Laura and Goromonzi, Farai and Thomas, Glyn and Rajappan, Kim and Duncan, Edward and Tayebjee, Muzahir and Dhinoja, Mehul and Sporton, Simon and Earley, Mark J. and Schilling, Richard J.}, month = mar, year = {2012}, keywords = {3D mapping, Atrial Fibrillation, cardiology, Catheter Ablation, Image integration}, pages = {161--169}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5NIMRWX3/Finlay et al. - 2012 - A randomised comparison of Cartomerge vs. NavX fus.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AURQMGG8/10.html:text/html} } @article{foot_demographics_2000, title = {Demographics and cardiology, 1950{\textendash}2050}, volume = {35}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00561-1}, doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00561-1}, abstract = {Changing demographics, in particular the aging of the North American population, contribute to the understanding of trends in such diverse areas as education, housing, crime, marketing, unemployment, recreation, and health care (1-2). Although annual changes in many of these sectors are influenced by the changing state of the economy and, in some instances, the impact of new legislative or administrative initiatives, longer-term trends are determined to a much greater extent by trends in demographics and technology.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Foot, David K. and Lewis, Richard P. and Pearson, Thomas A. and Beller, George A.}, month = mar, year = {2000}, keywords = {aging, demography, Heart Diseases, trend}, pages = {1067--1081}, file = {05611.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3D3PEMUC/05611.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{cirillo_c-reactive_2005, title = {C-reactive protein induces tissue factor expression and promotes smooth muscle and endothelial cell proliferation}, volume = {68}, issn = {0008-6363 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {Cardiovascular Research}, author = {Cirillo, P. and Golino, P. and Calabro, P. and Cali, G. and Ragni, M. and De Rosa, S. and Cimmino, G. and Pacileo, M. and De Palma, R. and Forte, L. and Gargiulo, A. and Corigliano, F. G. and Angri, V. and Spagnuolo, R. and Nitsch, L. and Chiariello, M.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Animals, Cell Proliferation, Cells, Cultured, Colorimetry, C-Reactive Protein/genetics/metabolism/*pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Endothelial Cells/drug effects/*metabolism, Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/analysis/metabolism, Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/genetics/metabolism, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism, NF-kappa B/metabolism, Rabbits, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Messenger/analysis, Signal Transduction/drug effects, Stimulation, Chemical, Thromboplastin/analysis/*metabolism, Up-Regulation}, pages = {47--55}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TW54ZURQ/Cirillo-2005-C-reactive protein i.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rohrhoff_current_2014, title = {Current status of percutaneous {PFO} closure}, volume = {16}, issn = {1523-3782, 1534-3170}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11886-014-0477-4}, doi = {10.1007/s11886-014-0477-4}, abstract = {The clinical significance of persistent patent foramen ovale (PFO) is not well defined. Empirically, PFO has been associated with many clinical conditions. In cryptogenic stroke, migraine, and orthodeoxia/platypnea, a plausible biologic mechanism exists to support PFO closure as a possible treatment. Although transcatheter closure of PFO has been available for over 2 decades, it has remained controversial due to a paucity of evidence to guide patient and device selection. Contemporary studies investigating PFO closure as treatment for patients with these conditions have been published recently and longitudinal data regarding the safety and efficacy of the devices is now available. In this review, we aim to describe the potential clinical significance of a patent foramen in the adult, appraise the newest additions to the body of evidence, and discuss the safety, benefit, patient selection, and future of transcatheter treatment of PFO.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Current Cardiology Reports}, author = {Rohrhoff, N. and Vavalle, J. P. and Halim, S. and Kiefer, T. L. and Harrison, J. K.}, month = may, year = {2014}, keywords = {cardiology, Cryptogenic stroke, Migraine headache, Patent foramen ovale, Percutaneous closure, PFO}, pages = {1--9}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DZEC9Z2K/Rohrhoff et al. - 2014 - Current Status of Percutaneous PFO Closure.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HBSDMQB6/10.html:text/html} } @article{davis_unified_1994, title = {A unified treatment of small-angle {X}-ray scattering, {X}-ray refraction and absorption using the {Rytov} approximation}, volume = {50}, issn = {0108-7673}, number = {6}, journal = {Acta Crystallographica Section A}, author = {Davis, T.}, year = {1994}, pages = {686--690}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/97IEX7IB/DavisScatter.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dobbe_gene-expression_2008, title = {Gene-expression assays: new tools to individualize treatment of early-stage breast cancer}, volume = {65}, issn = {1535-2900 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/65/1/23 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18159035}, number = {1}, journal = {American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy}, author = {Dobbe, E. and Gurney, K. and Kiekow, S. and Lafferty, J. S. and Kolesar, J. M.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/drug therapy/prevention \& control, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Female, Gene Expression Profiling/economics/*methods, Humans, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/economics/*methods, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/*diagnosis/drug therapy/prevention \& control, Neoplasm Staging, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tamoxifen/therapeutic use, Tumor Markers, Biological/analysis}, pages = {23--8} } @article{kim_insights_2007, title = {Insights, challenges, and future directions in irinogenetics}, volume = {29}, issn = {0163-4356 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17529881}, number = {3}, journal = {Therapeutic Drug Monitoring}, author = {Kim, T. W. and Innocenti, F.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects/metabolism/therapeutic, *Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/metabolism/physiology, Area Under Curve, Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics, Camptothecin/adverse effects/*analogs \&, derivatives/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Humans, Liver/enzymology/metabolism, Neoplasms/drug therapy, Pharmacogenetics, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic, use}, pages = {265--70} } @article{zwaka_c-reactive_2001, title = {C-reactive protein-mediated low density lipoprotein uptake by macrophages: {Implications} for atherosclerosis}, volume = {103}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {9}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Zwaka, T. P. and Hombach, V. and Torzewski, J.}, year = {2001}, keywords = {Arteriosclerosis/metabolism, C-Reactive Protein/*pharmacology, Humans, Lipoproteins, LDL/*pharmacokinetics, Macrophages/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism, Microscopy, Confocal, Receptors, IgG/metabolism}, pages = {1194--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/94F4AMSC/Zwaka-2001-C-reactive protein-m.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hanioka_interaction_2002, title = {Interaction of irinotecan ({CPT}-11) and its active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin ({SN}-38) with human cytochrome {P}450 enzymes}, volume = {30}, issn = {0090-9556 (Print)}, number = {4}, journal = {Drug Metabolism and Disposition}, author = {Hanioka, N. and Ozawa, S. and Jinno, H. and Tanaka-Kagawa, T. and Nishimura, T. and Ando, M. and Sawada Ji, J.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Binding, Competitive/drug effects, Camptothecin/analogs \& derivatives/*chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Catalase/chemistry/pharmacology, Cell Line, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/antagonists \&, Deferoxamine/chemistry/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Interactions, Enzyme Activation/drug effects, Enzyme Inhibitors/*chemistry/pharmacology, Glutathione/chemistry/pharmacology, Humans, inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism, Isoenzymes/antagonists \& inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism, Microsomes/chemistry/enzymology, Mixed Function Oxygenases/antagonists \& inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism, Protein Binding/drug effects}, pages = {391--6}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MIAAMTFE/Hanioka-2002-Interaction of irino.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{constantinides_automated_2010, address = {Belfast, UK}, title = {Automated heart localization for the segmentation of the ventricular cavities on cine magnetic resonance images}, isbn = {978-1-4244-7318-2}, abstract = {In this paper, a previously developed segmentation algorithm was improved by adding a fully automated definition of a region of interest around the left ventricle. The method, dedicated to cine images, proceeds in two major steps. First, heart localization was achieved by exploiting the heart's beating motion. Then, a region of interest was created around the left ventricle by exploiting its circularity. Segmentation of the left ventricle was also performed with the previously proposed approach. The algorithm was tested on the cine MR images of the 2009 MICCAI Challenge database, including 45 subjects. The regions of interest and resulting segmentation were visually graded slice by slice. Heart localization was successful in all cases, and the restricted region of interest was acceptable in 2/3 of all cases. Finally the segmentation using the fully automated approach was satisfying for about 50\% of the slices.}, language = {English}, booktitle = {Computing in {Cardiology}, 2010}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Constantinides, C. and Chenoune, Y. and Mousseaux, E. and Roullot, E. and Frouin, F.}, month = sep, year = {2010}, keywords = {automated heart localization, biomedical MRI, Blood, cardiology, Cavity resonators, cine magnetic resonance images, fully automated approach, Heart, heart beating motion, image motion analysis, image segmentation, Left ventricle, Magnetic resonance, Manuals, medical image processing, segmentation algorithm, Transforms, ventricular cavities}, pages = {911--914}, file = {IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THDGHSVT/Constantinides et al. - 2010 - Automated heart localization for the segmentation .pdf:application/pdf} } @book{evans_statistical_2000, address = {New York}, edition = {3rd}, title = {Statistical {Distributions}}, isbn = {9780471371243}, abstract = {From the reviews:"Concise and useful summaries of the salient facts and formulas relating to [various] distributions." -Journal of the American Statistical Association"A worthwhile reference." -Journal of Quality TechnologySince the previous edition of this popular guide to the most commonly used statistical distributions was published in 1993, statistical methods have found many new applications in science, medicine, engineering, business/finance, and the social sciences. To keep pace with these developments and to highlight the growing influence of statistical software and data management techniques, this new edition is now thoroughly updated and revised. Through clear, concise, easy-to-follow presentations, the authors discuss the key facts and formulas for 40 major probability distributions, fine-tune all existing material, and continue to offer ready access to vital information gleaned from hard-to-find places across the literature. Highly useful both as an introduction to basic principles and as a quick reference guide, Statistical Distributions, Third Edition:* Presents the 40 distributions in alphabetical order* Provides all key formulas for each distribution* Adds a new chapter on the Empirical Distribution Function* Expands the Weibull Distribution to cover the 3 and 5 parameter versions* Incorporates diagrams and tables illustrating the characteristics of each distribution* Discusses the types of application for which distributions are used* Features references to relevant software packages}, language = {English}, publisher = {Wiley-Interscience}, author = {Evans, Merran and Hastings, Nicholas and Peacock, Brian}, month = jun, year = {2000} } @article{cipriani_comparative_2009, title = {Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis}, volume = {373}, issn = {1474-547X (Electronic)}, number = {9665}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Cipriani, A. and Furukawa, T. A. and Salanti, G. and Geddes, J. R. and Higgins, J. P. and Churchill, R. and Watanabe, N. and Nakagawa, A. and Omori, I. M. and McGuire, H. and Tansella, M. and Barbui, C.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents/classification/ therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder, Major/ drug therapy, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic}, pages = {746--58}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BGN3GEDR/sdarticle.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{gagliardi_rontgen_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {R{\"o}ntgen and the {Discovery}}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Patton, Dennis D.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {31--46}, file = {RCI_D_c02.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WKK2IDDI/RCI_D_c02.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{doggrell_is_2006, title = {Is atorvastatin superior to other statins? {Analysis} of the clinical trials with atorvastatin having cardiovascular endpoints}, volume = {1}, issn = {1574-8871 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18473965}, number = {2}, journal = {Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials}, author = {Doggrell, S. A.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Clinical Trials as Topic, Amlodipine/therapeutic use, Anticholesteremic Agents/*therapeutic use, Azetidines/therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, Clofibric Acid/therapeutic use, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/therapeutic use, Fluorobenzenes/therapeutic use, Heptanoic Acids/*therapeutic use, Humans, Indoles/therapeutic use, Pravastatin/therapeutic use, Pyrimidines/therapeutic use, Pyrroles/*therapeutic use, Simvastatin/therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/therapeutic use}, pages = {143--53} } @article{iuliano_radiolabeled_2000, title = {Radiolabeled native low-density lipoprotein injected into patients with carotid stenosis accumulates in macrophages of atherosclerotic plaque: {Effect} of vitamin {E} supplementation}, volume = {101}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {11}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Iuliano, L. and Mauriello, A. and Sbarigia, E. and Spagnoli, L. G. and Violi, F.}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Actins/metabolism, Aged, Antigens, CD/metabolism, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism, Autoradiography, Carotid Arteries/metabolism/pathology, Carotid Stenosis/*metabolism/pathology/surgery, Endarterectomy, Female, Foam Cells/metabolism, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Injections, Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/*metabolism/pathology/surgery, Iodine Radioisotopes, Lipoproteins, LDL/*pharmacokinetics, Macrophages/*metabolism, Male, Vitamin E/*pharmacology}, pages = {1249--54}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PS8BWMVS/Iuliano-2000-Radiolabeled native.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{tops_left_2014, title = {Left atrial fibrosis and recurrent arrhythmia}, volume = {311}, issn = {0098-7484}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.5184}, doi = {10.1001/jama.2014.5184}, abstract = {To the Editor In the Delayed-Enhancement MRI Determinant of Successful Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (DECAAF) study, Dr Marrouche and colleagues1 demonstrated that assessment of left atrial fibrosis with delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was associated with the likelihood of recurrent arrhythmia after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). It is well recognized that the outcome of catheter ablation procedures depends on appropriate patient selection and the exact ablation strategy.2 To what extent then does the DECAAF study truly add incremental value for optimal patient selection and individualized ablation strategy?}, number = {22}, urldate = {2014-08-22}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Tops, L. F. and Schalij, M. J.}, month = jun, year = {2014}, pages = {2335}, file = {jle140068.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KRB6TFNX/jle140068.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wissner_catheter_2012, title = {Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy: {Where} are we today?}, volume = {33}, copyright = {Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. {\textcopyright} The Author 2012. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com}, issn = {0195-668X, 1522-9645}, shorttitle = {Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy}, url = {http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/12/1440}, doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehs007}, abstract = {According to the current guidelines, patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) or non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) at risk for sudden cardiac death should undergo implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Although ICDs effectively terminate ventricular arrhythmias, the arrhythmogenic substrate remains unchanged or may progress over time, resulting in recurrent ICD shocks. Defibrillator shocks increase mortality and worsen quality of life. Evidence from two prospective randomized trials on outcome in patients with ischaemic heart disease undergoing catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) suggests that ablation prevents recurrence of VT and decreases the number of ICD shocks. This review will highlight the recent progress made in the ablative treatment of VT in patients with ICM and NICM.}, language = {en}, number = {12}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Wissner, Erik and Stevenson, William G. and Kuck, Karl-Heinz}, month = jun, year = {2012}, pmid = {22411192}, note = {According to the current guidelines, patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) or non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) at risk for sudden cardiac death should undergo implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Although ICDs effectively terminate ventricular arrhythmias, the arrhythmogenic substrate remains unchanged or may progress over time, resulting in recurrent ICD shocks. Defibrillator shocks increase mortality and worsen quality of life. Evidence from two prospective randomized trials on outcome in patients with ischaemic heart disease undergoing catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) suggests that ablation prevents recurrence of VT and decreases the number of ICD shocks. This review will highlight the recent progress made in the ablative treatment of VT in patients with ICM and NICM.}, pages = {1440--1450}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J7H7N94I/Wissner et al. - 2012 - Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in is.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F8G7XG5R/1440.html:text/html} } @article{prout_life_1972, title = {Life expectancy of college oarsmen}, volume = {220}, url = {http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/220/13/1709.abstract}, doi = {10.1001/jama.1972.03200130039008}, abstract = {For 100 years, college rowing has been accused of producing injury and early death. Earlier studies indicated that rowing was safe, and that athletics do not injure the heart or shorten life. One hundred seventy-two varsity oarsmen, when compared with random controls, lived longer. The factors contributing to this longevity do not include height, social class, or educational level.}, number = {13}, urldate = {2012-01-16}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Prout, Curtis}, month = jun, year = {1972}, pages = {1709 --1711}, file = {jama_220_13_008.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JF3NJ5UC/jama_220_13_008.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{pfeiffer_hard-x-ray_2008, title = {Hard-{X}-ray dark-field imaging using a grating interferometer}, volume = {7}, issn = {1476-1122}, number = {2}, journal = {Nature Materials}, author = {Pfeiffer, F. and Bech, M. and Bunk, O. and Kraft, P. and Eikenberry, E. F. and Bronnimann, Ch. and Grunzweig, C. and David, C.}, year = {2008}, pages = {134--137}, file = {nmat2096.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TGDS6HWZ/nmat2096.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mcmanigle_treatment_1989, title = {Treatment for primary pulmonary hypertension: {Back} to the future}, volume = {96}, issn = {0012-3692}, url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?GSPage=TC&UT=A1989AU99400042&viewType=summary&pReturnLink=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2F&pSrcDesc=Back+to+Google+Scholar&IsProductCode=Yes&mode=CitingArticles&product=WOS&SID=3EGwArImrUll9RPb6yq&smartRedirect=yes&SrcApp=GSSearch&DestFail=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com%3FDestApp%3DCEL%26DestParams%3D%253Faction%253Dsearch%2526viewType%253Dsummary%2526mode%253DCitingArticles%2526product%253DCEL%2526customersID%253DScholar%2526pReturnLink%253Dhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fscholar.google.com%25252F%2526pSrcDesc%253DBack%252520to%252520Google%252520Scholar%2526GSPage%253DTC%2526UT%253DA1989AU99400042%26e%3D0pwzMGVnWIUK6jFWCS15j6QnKLPJ0rFjZl18iOzlafht40u.R3MnuashBR3qfDGC%26SrcApp%3DGSSearch%26SrcAuth%3DScholar&Init=Yes&action=search&Func=Frame&customersID=Scholar&SrcAuth=Scholar}, doi = {10.1378/chest.96.4.900}, number = {4}, urldate = {2013-11-21}, journal = {Chest}, author = {McManigle, J. E. and Tenholder, M. F.}, month = oct, year = {1989}, pages = {900}, file = {backToTheFuture.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H2AMNPID/backToTheFuture.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{scheinman_catheter-induced_1982, title = {Catheter-induced ablation of the atrioventricular junction to control refractory supraventricular arrhythmias}, volume = {248}, issn = {0098-7484}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1982.03330070039027}, doi = {10.1001/jama.1982.03330070039027}, abstract = {Five patients with recurrent bouts of supraventricular tachycardia proved resistant or became intolerant of both conventional and experimental drugs. These patients were subjected to a new procedure involving delivery of DC shocks to an electrode catheter positioned adjacent to the His bundle. Complete atrioventricular (AV) block was produced in all, one patient died suddenly six weeks after shock therapy, and the remainder had complete AV block with follow-up intervals ranging from four to 12 months. Shock therapy was associated with mild elevations of creatine phosphokinase MB (31{\textpm} 18 units), but there was no hemodynamic evidence of tricuspid insufficiency. If this new technique proves safe and effective, it should supplant the need for open heart surgical procedures for His-bundle ablation.(JAMA 1982;248:851-855)}, number = {7}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Scheinman, Melvin M. and Morady, Fred and Hess, David S. and Gonzalez, Rolando}, month = aug, year = {1982}, pages = {851--855}, file = {jama_248_7_027.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JTAJCGQD/jama_248_7_027.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{brooks_image_2008, title = {Image integration using {NavX} fusion: {Initial} experience and validation}, volume = {5}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Image integration using {NavX} fusion}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527108000179}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.01.008}, abstract = {Background Three-dimensional virtual anatomic navigation is increasingly used during mapping and ablation of complex arrhythmias. NavX Fusion software aims to mold the virtual anatomy to the patient{\textquoteright}s computed tomography (CT) image; however, the accuracy and clinical usefulness of this system have not been reported. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy and describe the initial experience of CT image integration using NavX Fusion for atrial fibrillation ablation. Methods This study consisted of 55 consecutive patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation using NavX Fusion navigation. Left atrial NavX geometries were compared to a corresponding CT for geometric match. Geometric match, expressed as the difference in millimeters between CT and NavX geometry, was calculated for the original geometry (GEO-1), field scaled and primary fused geometry (GEO-2), and final secondary fused geometry (GEO-3). Navigational accuracy was assessed by moving the catheter to 10 discrete anatomic sites and determining the distance between the catheter tip and the closest GEO-2, GEO-3, and CT surface. Fusion integration time and procedural and fluoroscopic durations were recorded to assess clinical usefulness. Results GEO-1, GEO-2 and GEO-3 were associated with CT{\textendash}GEO errors of 6.6 {\textpm} 2.8 mm, 4.1 {\textpm} 0.7 mm, 1.9 {\textpm} 0.4 mm, respectively. Navigational accuracy was not significantly different for GEO-2, GEO-3, and CT at 3.4 {\textpm} 1.6 mm to any surface. A significant (P <=.001) inverse curvilinear relationship was present between case number and the time required for image integration (r2 = 0.35) and the fluoroscopic time normalized for procedural duration (r2 = 0.18). Conclusion Image integration using the NavX Fusion software is highly accurate and is associated with a progressive reduction in fluoroscopic time relative to procedural duration.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2013-05-21}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Brooks, Anthony G. and Wilson, Lauren and Kuklik, Pawel and Stiles, Martin K. and John, Bobby and {Shashidhar} and Dimitri, Hany and Lau, Dennis H. and Roberts-Thomson, Ross L. and Wong, Christopher X. and Young, Glenn D. and Sanders, Prashanthan}, month = apr, year = {2008}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, computed tomography, Three-dimensional image integration}, pages = {526--535}, file = {1-s2.0-S1547527108000179-main.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I8WIBX7J/1-s2.0-S1547527108000179-main.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FJKNMWU2/Brooks et al. - 2008 - Image integration using NavX fusion Initial exper.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FGBHSPMW/Brooks et al. - 2008 - Image integration using NavX fusion Initial exper.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WQTWZKM4/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{hsu_quantitative_2006-1, title = {Quantitative myocardial infarction on delayed enhancement {MRI}. {Part} {I}: {Animal} validation of an automated feature analysis and combined thresholding infarct sizing algorithm}, volume = {23}, issn = {1053-1807 (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, author = {Hsu, L. Y. and Natanzon, A. and Kellman, P. and Hirsch, G. A. and Aletras, A. H. and Arai, A. E.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Contrast Media, Dogs, Gadolinium DTPA/diagnostic use, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ methods, Myocardial Infarction/ pathology, Observer Variation, Tetrazolium Salts}, pages = {298--308}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QVBAPFFT/Arai MI_MRI1.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{de_alexandria_psnakes_2014, title = {{pSnakes}: {A} new radial active contour model and its application in the segmentation of the left ventricle from echocardiographic images}, volume = {116}, issn = {0169-2607}, shorttitle = {{pSnakes}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169260714002077}, doi = {10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.05.009}, abstract = {Active contours are image segmentation methods that minimize the total energy of the contour to be segmented. Among the active contour methods, the radial methods have lower computational complexity and can be applied in real time. This work aims to present a new radial active contour technique, called pSnakes, using the 1D Hilbert transform as external energy. The pSnakes method is based on the fact that the beams in ultrasound equipment diverge from a single point of the probe, thus enabling the use of polar coordinates in the segmentation. The control points or nodes of the active contour are obtained in pairs and are called twin nodes. The internal energies as well as the external one, Hilbertian energy, are redefined. The results showed that pSnakes can be used in image segmentation of short-axis echocardiogram images and that they were effective in image segmentation of the left ventricle. The echo-cardiologist's golden standard showed that the pSnakes was the best method when compared with other methods. The main contributions of this work are the use of pSnakes and Hilbertian energy, as the external energy, in image segmentation. The Hilbertian energy is calculated by the 1D Hilbert transform. Compared with traditional methods, the pSnakes method is more suitable for ultrasound images because it is not affected by variations in image contrast, such as noise. The experimental results obtained by the left ventricle segmentation of echocardiographic images demonstrated the advantages of the proposed model. The results presented in this paper are justified due to an improved performance of the Hilbert energy in the presence of speckle noise.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine}, author = {de Alexandria, Auzuir Ripardo and Cortez, Paulo C{\'e}sar and Bessa, Jessyca Almeida and da Silva F{\'e}lix, John Hebert and de Abreu, Jos{\'e} Sebasti{\~a}o and de Albuquerque, Victor Hugo C.}, month = oct, year = {2014}, keywords = {Echocardiogram image segmentation, Hilbertian energy, pSnakes, Radial active contour methods}, pages = {260--273}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CXS5H8N6/de Alexandria et al. - 2014 - pSnakes A new radial active contour model and its.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QMW7UGEH/S0169260714002077.html:text/html} } @article{golub_analysis_1980, title = {An analysis of the total least squares problem}, volume = {17}, issn = {0036-1429}, url = {http://epubs.siam.org/doi/abs/10.1137/0717073}, doi = {10.1137/0717073}, abstract = {Total Least Squares (TLS) is a method of fitting that is appropriate when there are errors in both the observation vector \$b(m {\textbackslash}times 1)\$ and in the data matrix \$A(m {\textbackslash}times n)\$. The technique has been discussed by several authors, and amounts to fitting a {\textquotedblleft}best{\textquotedblright} subspace to the points \$(a\_i{\textasciicircum}T ,b\_i ),i = 1, {\textbackslash}cdots ,m\$, where \$a\_i{\textasciicircum}T \$ is the ith row of A. In this paper a singular value decomposition analysis of the TLS problem is presented. The sensitivity of the TLS problem as well as its relationship to ordinary least squares regression is explored. An algorithm for solving the TLS problem is proposed that utilizes the singular value decomposition and which provides a measure of the underlying problem{\textquoteright}s sensitivity., Total Least Squares (TLS) is a method of fitting that is appropriate when there are errors in both the observation vector \$b(m {\textbackslash}times 1)\$ and in the data matrix \$A(m {\textbackslash}times n)\$. The technique has been discussed by several authors, and amounts to fitting a {\textquotedblleft}best{\textquotedblright} subspace to the points \$(a\_i{\textasciicircum}T ,b\_i ),i = 1, {\textbackslash}cdots ,m\$, where \$a\_i{\textasciicircum}T \$ is the ith row of A. In this paper a singular value decomposition analysis of the TLS problem is presented. The sensitivity of the TLS problem as well as its relationship to ordinary least squares regression is explored. An algorithm for solving the TLS problem is proposed that utilizes the singular value decomposition and which provides a measure of the underlying problem{\textquoteright}s sensitivity.}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-08-27}, journal = {SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis}, author = {Golub, G. and van Loan, C.}, month = dec, year = {1980}, pages = {883--893}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RG9Q7TU7/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z3SW393V/0717073.html:text/html} } @article{gagne_common_2002, title = {Common human {UGT}1A polymorphisms and the altered metabolism of irinotecan active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin ({SN}-38)}, volume = {62}, issn = {0026-895X (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {Molecular Pharmacology}, author = {Gagne, J. F. and Montminy, V. and Belanger, P. and Journault, K. and Gaucher, G. and Guillemette, C.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {*Polymorphism, Genetic, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology, Catalysis, Cells, Cultured, Glucuronates/*metabolism, Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/*metabolism, Humans, Isoenzymes/genetics/*metabolism, Microsomes, Liver/metabolism, Recombinant Proteins/metabolism}, pages = {608--17}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THQBV6Z4/Gagne-2002-Common human UGT1A p.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{leeson_cardiovascular_2011, address = {Oxford}, edition = {1st}, series = {Oxford {Specialist} {Handbooks} in {Cardiology}}, title = {Cardiovascular {Imaging}}, isbn = {9780199568451}, abstract = {A range of cardiac imaging techniques are available, each with a unique approach. Most existing imaging books are predominantly modality focused; however today's clinical cardiologist needs to learn how to apply and integrate information from the different modalities to aid clinical decision-making.In full colour throughout, and based on European Society of Cardiology guidelines, Cardiac Imaging is an essential resource for all clinical trainees, It provides practical hands-on advice for cardiology, medical, radiology and technical personnel who need easily accessible, detailed information on how to use the full range of imaging modalities to investigate cardiac disease. The handbook provides a comparative overview of the different techniques and how they can be applied in different pathologies, acting as a portal to more in-depth, modality focused texts.}, language = {English}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, editor = {Leeson, Paul}, month = aug, year = {2011} } @article{holmes_percutaneous_2009, title = {Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: {A} randomised non-inferiority trial}, volume = {374}, issn = {0140-6736}, shorttitle = {Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067360961343X}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61343-X}, abstract = {SummaryBackground In patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, embolic stroke is thought to be associated with left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi. We assessed the efficacy and safety of percutaneous closure of the LAA for prevention of stroke compared with warfarin treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods Adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation were eligible for inclusion in this multicentre, randomised non-inferiority trial if they had at least one of the following: previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack, congestive heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, or were 75 years or older. 707 eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio by computer-generated randomisation sequence to percutaneous closure of the LAA and subsequent discontinuation of warfarin (intervention; n=463) or to warfarin treatment with a target international normalised ratio between 2{\textperiodcentered}0 and 3{\textperiodcentered}0 (control; n=244). Efficacy was assessed by a primary composite endpoint of stroke, cardiovascular death, and systemic embolism. We selected a one-sided probability criterion of non-inferiority for the intervention of at least 97{\textperiodcentered}5\%, by use of a two-fold non-inferiority margin. Serious adverse events that constituted the primary endpoint for safety included major bleeding, pericardial effusion, and device embolisation. Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT00129545. Findings At 1065 patient-years of follow-up, the primary efficacy event rate was 3{\textperiodcentered}0 per 100 patient-years (95\% credible interval [CrI] 1{\textperiodcentered}9{\textendash}4{\textperiodcentered}5) in the intervention group and 4{\textperiodcentered}9 per 100 patient-years (2{\textperiodcentered}8{\textendash}7{\textperiodcentered}1) in the control group (rate ratio [RR] 0{\textperiodcentered}62, 95\% CrI 0{\textperiodcentered}35{\textendash}1{\textperiodcentered}25). The probability of non-inferiority of the intervention was more than 99{\textperiodcentered}9\%. Primary safety events were more frequent in the intervention group than in the control group (7{\textperiodcentered}4 per 100 patient-years, 95\% CrI 5{\textperiodcentered}5{\textendash}9{\textperiodcentered}7, vs 4{\textperiodcentered}4 per 100 patient-years, 95\% CrI 2{\textperiodcentered}5{\textendash}6{\textperiodcentered}7; RR 1{\textperiodcentered}69, 1{\textperiodcentered}01{\textendash}3{\textperiodcentered}19). Interpretation The efficacy of percutaneous closure of the LAA with this device was non-inferior to that of warfarin therapy. Although there was a higher rate of adverse safety events in the intervention group than in the control group, events in the intervention group were mainly a result of periprocedural complications. Closure of the LAA might provide an alternative strategy to chronic warfarin therapy for stroke prophylaxis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Funding Atritech.}, number = {9689}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Holmes, David R. and Reddy, Vivek Y. and Turi, Zoltan G. and Doshi, Shephal K. and Sievert, Horst and Buchbinder, Maurice and Mullin, Christopher M. and Sick, Peter}, month = aug, year = {2009}, pages = {534--542}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U6TKP9PG/Holmes et al. - 2009 - Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G9URN795/S014067360961343X.html:text/html} } @article{sood_prenatal_2001, title = {Prenatal alcohol exposure and childhood behavior at age 6 to 7 years: {I}. dose-response effect}, volume = {108}, issn = {1098-4275 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Pediatrics}, author = {Sood, B. and Delaney-Black, V. and Covington, C. and Nordstrom-Klee, B. and Ager, J. and Templin, T. and Janisse, J. and Martier, S. and Sokol, R. J.}, year = {2001}, keywords = {*Maternal Exposure, *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Alcohol Drinking/*adverse effects/epidemiology, Child, Child Behavior Disorders/chemically induced/diagnosis/*epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Ethanol/*adverse effects, Female, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/complications/epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Regression Analysis}, pages = {E34}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TD5MEVH5/Sood-2001-Prenatal alcohol exp.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{narayanan_local_2007, address = {San Diego, CA, USA}, title = {Local mismatch location and spatial scale detection in image registration}, volume = {6512}, booktitle = {Medical {Imaging} 2007: {Image} {Processing}}, publisher = {SPIE}, author = {Narayanan, R. and Fessler, J. A. and Ma, B. and Park, H. and Meyer, C. R.}, year = {2007}, pages = {65121X--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TGHXR75P/MeyerMismatch.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kistin_atrial_1967, title = {Atrial rhythm in ventricular tachycardia occurring during cardiac catheterization}, volume = {35}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/35/1/10}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.35.1.10}, abstract = {The atrial rhythm was studied in 38 patients during runs of tachycardia of five or more beats in sequence which occurred during cardiac catheterization and whose ventricular site of origin could be established with considerable confidence. Simultaneous esophageal and other leads were recorded. The most frequent mechanism was retrograde conduction to the atria with varying degrees of V-A (ventriculo-atrial) block which occurred in 26 of the 38 patients. Runs of ventricular tachycardia with one-to-one V-A conduction occurred in 13 patients. Runs with an independent atrial rhythm (A-V dissociation) occurred in nine patients. Varying atrial mechanisms during different runs of tachycardia occurred in 11 patients. The minimum QRS-to-retrograde P intervals in 24 of 35 patients with V-A conduction were within 0.03 sec of P-R interval. The briefest QRS-to-retrograde P interval observed was 0.09 sec. Reciprocal beats occurred in eight of 35 patients with V-A conduction.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Kistin, A. D. and Tawakkol, A. and Massumi, R. A.}, month = jan, year = {1967}, pmid = {6015854}, keywords = {Atrio-ventricular dissociation, cardiac arrhythmia, Reciprocal beating, Ventriculo-atrial (retrograde) conduction}, pages = {10--14}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9WNMH3R3/Kistin et al. - 1967 - Atrial Rhythm in Ventricular Tachycardia Occurring.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/94HSN9IE/10.html:text/html} } @article{cole_sources_1971, title = {Sources of variation in menstrual blood loss}, volume = {78}, issn = {0022-3204}, language = {eng}, number = {10}, journal = {The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth}, author = {Cole, S. K. and Billewicz, W. Z. and Thomson, A. M.}, month = oct, year = {1971}, pmid = {5111902}, keywords = {adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Birth Weight, Body Height, Contraceptives, Oral, England, Female, Humans, Intrauterine Devices, Menstruation, Parity, Uterus}, pages = {933--939} } @article{defauw_surgical_1992, title = {Surgical therapy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with the "corridor" operation}, volume = {53}, issn = {0003-4975}, abstract = {Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation may be extremely disabled despite medical therapy. Based on recent concepts of atrial fibrillation, a surgical open heart procedure was designed to isolate a "corridor" from the right and the left atrium. The corridor consists of the sinus node area, the atrioventricular nodal junction, and the connecting right atrial mass, small enough to prevent atrial fibrillation. Between 1987 and 1990, 20 patients with severely disabling symptoms due to frequent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation underwent the corridor operation, with permanent success in 16 patients. In 8 patients, left atrium to corridor conduction reappeared shortly after the procedure. Reoperation was performed in these patients without extracorporeal circulation. The site of persistent conduction between the left atrium and the corridor could consistently be localized adjacent to the coronary sinus. Nevertheless, reoperation failed to isolate permanently the corridor in 4 patients. During a mean follow-up of 20 months, atrial fibrillation dominating the ventricles was never observed nor inducible in the corridor in the 16 patients with a successful operation. In all cured patients, sinus node function remained undisturbed. Paroxysmal atrial flutter inside the corridor arose in 1 patient and a paroxysmal focal tachycardia in another. All 16 cured patients experienced a clear improvement in quality of life. Refinement of the surgical technique to obtain persistent isolation between the left atrium and the corridor is needed. These results demonstrate that the concept of the corridor operation is sound and justify its use in the treatment of drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.}, language = {eng}, number = {4}, journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery}, author = {Defauw, J. J. and Guiraudon, G. M. and van Hemel, N. M. and Vermeulen, F. E. and Kingma, J. H. and de Bakker, J. M.}, month = apr, year = {1992}, pmid = {1554262}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Atrioventricular Node, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Cerebrovascular Disorders, cryosurgery, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Atria, Heart Rate, Heart Septum, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Monitoring, Intraoperative, sinoatrial node}, pages = {564--570; discussion 571} } @article{rogers_c-reactive_2009, title = {C-reactive protein, statins, and cardiovascular risk: {What} can {JUPITER} teach us?}, volume = {53}, issn = {1523-6838 (Electronic)}, number = {5}, journal = {American Journal of Kidney Disease}, author = {Rogers, A. M. and Shlipak, M. G.}, year = {2009}, pages = {737--40}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5UMZIGEM/Kidney.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{fukumoto_comparison_2014, address = {San Francisco, CA}, title = {Comparison of native versus ablation-induced scar on left atrial magnetic resonance imaging}, abstract = {Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated that the extent of left atrial (LA) myocardial native and ablation-induced scar is associated with post-ablation atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. However methodologies to distinguish native versus ablation-induced scar have not been defined. We sought to define the characteristics of native versus ablation-induced LA scar on late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: LGE-MRI was performed before and at least 3 months after initial pulmonary vein antral isolation in 9 patients. The intra-cardiac locations of ablation points on electro-anatomic mapping were co-registered using custom software with the corresponding sites on the axial planes of post-procedural LGE-MRI. The image intensity ratio (IIR) defined as LA myocardial MRI signal intensity divided by the mean LA blood pool intensity was calculated for native scar on pre-procedural images and ablation-induced scar sites on post-procedural images. Results: Pre- and post-procedural LGE-MRI planes were successfully co-registered with electro-anatomic map data in all cases. IIR values of 2988 ablation-induced scar sites and 1196 native scar sites collected from all patients were calculated. The mean IIR of ablation-induced scar sites on post-procedural images was 14.3\% higher than that of native scar sites on the pre-procedural MRI (1.28+/-0.26 vs. 1.12+/-0.11 p{\textless}0.001). Conclusion: Ablation-induced scar has higher intensity than native scar on LGE-MRI suggesting greater uptake and/or reduced washout of gadolinium compared to regions with native scar.}, booktitle = {35th {Heart} {Rhythm} {Society}}, author = {Fukumoto, Kotaro and McManigle, John and Khurram, Irfan and Zimmerman, Stefan and Zipunnikov, Vadim and Spragg, David and Marine, Joseph and Ashikaga, Hiroshi and Rickard, Jack and Berger, Ronald and Calkins, Hugh and Nazarian, Saman}, month = may, year = {2014}, note = {isabstract:true} } @book{glasser_wilhelm_1993, title = {Wilhelm {Conrad} {R{\"o}ntgen} and the {Early} {History} of the {Roentgen} {Rays}}, isbn = {9780930405229}, language = {en}, publisher = {Norman Publishing}, author = {Glasser, Otto}, month = jan, year = {1993}, keywords = {Science / Physics / General} } @incollection{openstax_college_cardiac_2014, title = {Cardiac muscle and electrical activity}, url = {http://cnx.org/contents/302812e9-2d2d-4e44-8075-4bb75db53f36@3}, urldate = {2014-01-04}, booktitle = {Anatomy \& {Physiology}}, publisher = {OpenStax CNX}, author = {{OpenStax College}}, month = nov, year = {2014}, biboverride = {OpenStax College, ``Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity,'' in {\em Anatomy \& Physiology}, 2013, accessed 4 Jan 2014: \verb!http://cnx.org/contents/! \verb!302812e9-2d2d-4e44-8075-4bb75db53f36@3!, under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.} } @article{pedregosa_scikit-learn_2011, title = {Scikit-learn: {Machine} learning in {Python}}, volume = {12}, issn = {1532-4435}, shorttitle = {Scikit-learn}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1953048.2078195}, abstract = {Scikit-learn is a Python module integrating a wide range of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms for medium-scale supervised and unsupervised problems. This package focuses on bringing machine learning to non-specialists using a general-purpose high-level language. Emphasis is put on ease of use, performance, documentation, and API consistency. It has minimal dependencies and is distributed under the simplified BSD license, encouraging its use in both academic and commercial settings. Source code, binaries, and documentation can be downloaded from http://scikit-learn.sourceforge.net.}, urldate = {2014-08-26}, journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research}, author = {Pedregosa, Fabian and Varoquaux, Ga{\"e}l and Gramfort, Alexandre and Michel, Vincent and Thirion, Bertrand and Grisel, Olivier and Blondel, Mathieu and Prettenhofer, Peter and Weiss, Ron and Dubourg, Vincent and Vanderplas, Jake and Passos, Alexandre and Cournapeau, David and Brucher, Matthieu and Perrot, Matthieu and Duchesnay, {\'E}douard}, month = nov, year = {2011}, pages = {2825--2830}, file = {ACM Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VIZFEPN4/Pedregosa et al. - 2011 - Scikit-learn Machine Learning in Python.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gupta_complications_2013, title = {Complications of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: {A} systematic review}, volume = {6}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/6/6/1082}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000768}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Atrial fibrillation ablation is an established therapy; however, limited data are available on associated complications. This systematic review determines the incidence and potential predictors of acute complications. Methods and Results{\textemdash}Electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE for English scientific literature up to the 18th June 2012. A total of 2065 references were retrieved and evaluated for relevance. Reference lists of retrieved studies and review articles were examined to ensure all relevant studies were included. Data were extracted from 192 studies, total of 83 236 patients. The incidence of periprocedural complications for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation was 2.9\% (95\% confidence interval, 2.6{\textendash}3.2). There was a significant decrease in the acute complication rate in 2007 to 2012 compared with 2000 to 2006 (2.6\% versus 4.0\%; P=0.003). The complication rates reported were higher in prospective studies compared with those that retrospectively described complications (3.5\% versus 2.7\%; P=0.03). There were no significant associations among procedure duration, ablation time or ablation strategy, and acute complication rate. Conclusions{\textemdash}Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation has a low incidence of periprocedural complications. The acute complication rate has decreased significantly in recent years. This may reflect improved catheter technology and experience. The use of different strategies across centers worldwide seems to be safe with no established relationship between procedural variables and complication rate.}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-09-30}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Gupta, Aakriti and Perera, Tharani and Ganesan, Anand and Sullivan, Thomas and Lau, Dennis H. and Roberts-Thomson, Kurt C. and Brooks, Anthony G. and Sanders, Prashanthan}, month = dec, year = {2013}, pmid = {24243785}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, atrial fibrillation with bradyarrhythmia, Catheter Ablation, complication, peroperative, review, systematic}, pages = {1082--1088}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PWFPS862/Gupta et al. - 2013 - Complications of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibri.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XIJFU3EM/1082.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NHMXDEJ3/1082.html:text/html} } @article{koenig_c-reactive_1999, title = {C-{Reactive} protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men: results from the {MONICA} ({Monitoring} {Trends} and {Determinants} in {Cardiovascular} {Disease}) {Augsburg} {Cohort} {Study}, 1984 to 1992}, volume = {99}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Koenig, W. and Sund, M. and Frohlich, M. and Fischer, H. G. and Lowel, H. and Doring, A. and Hutchinson, W. L. and Pepys, M. B.}, year = {1999}, keywords = {Biological Markers/*blood, Cohort Studies, Coronary Disease/*diagnosis, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Inflammation/*blood, Male, Middle Aged, Monitoring, Physiologic, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Factors}, pages = {237--42}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/76HMZIHI/Koenig-1999-C-Reactive protein.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{campbell_solution_2014, title = {Solution aversion: {On} the relation between ideology and motivated disbelief}, volume = {107}, issn = {0022-3514}, shorttitle = {Solution {Aversion}}, url = {http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovfto&AN=00005205-201411000-00003}, doi = {10.1037/a0037963}, abstract = {: There is often a curious distinction between what the scientific community and the general population believe to be true of dire scientific issues, and this skepticism tends to vary markedly across groups. For instance, in the case of climate change, Republicans (conservatives) are especially skeptical of the relevant science, particularly when they are compared with Democrats (liberals). What causes such radical group differences? We suggest, as have previous accounts, that this phenomenon is often motivated. However, the source of this motivation is not necessarily an aversion to the problem, per se, but an aversion to the solutions associated with the problem. This difference in underlying process holds important implications for understanding, predicting, and influencing motivated skepticism. In 4 studies, we tested this solution aversion explanation for why people are often so divided over evidence and why this divide often occurs so saliently across political party lines. Studies 1, 2, and 3-using correlational and experimental methodologies-demonstrated that Republicans' increased skepticism toward environmental sciences may be partly attributable to a conflict between specific ideological values and the most popularly discussed environmental solutions. Study 4 found that, in a different domain (crime), those holding a more liberal ideology (support for gun control) also show skepticism motivated by solution aversion., (C) 2014 by the American Psychological Association}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-11-08}, journal = {Journal of Personality}, author = {Campbell, Troy H. and Kay, Aaron C.}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Behavioral \& Social Sciences, PsycARTICLES}, pages = {809--824}, file = {00005205-201411000-00003.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SMEA9EIT/00005205-201411000-00003.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{pelliccia_upper_1991, title = {The upper limit of physiologic cardiac hypertrophy in highly trained elite athletes}, volume = {324}, issn = {0028-4793}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM199101313240504}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: In some highly trained athletes, the thickness of the left ventricular wall may increase as a consequence of exercise training and resemble that found in cardiac diseases associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In these athletes, the differential diagnosis between physiologic and pathologic hypertrophy may be difficult. METHODS: To address this issue, we measured left ventricular dimensions with echocardiography in 947 elite, highly trained athletes who participated in a wide variety of sports. RESULTS: The thickest left ventricular wall among the athletes measured 16 mm. Wall thicknesses within a range compatible with the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (greater than or equal to 13 mm) were identified in only 16 of the 947 athletes (1.7 percent); 15 were rowers or canoeists, and 1 was a cyclist. Therefore, the wall was greater than or equal to 13 mm thick in 7 percent of 219 rowers, canoeists, and cyclists but in none of 728 participants in 22 other sports. All athletes with walls greater than or equal to 13 mm thick also had enlarged left ventricular end-diastolic cavities (dimensions, 55 to 63 mm). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of these data, a left-ventricular-wall thickness of greater than or equal to 13 mm is very uncommon in highly trained athletes, virtually confined to athletes training in rowing sports, and associated with an enlarged left ventricular cavity. In addition, the upper limit to which the thickness of the left ventricular wall may be increased by athletic training appears to be 16 mm. Therefore, athletes with a wall thickness of more than 16 mm and a nondilated left ventricular cavity are likely to have primary forms of pathologic hypertrophy, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.}, language = {eng}, number = {5}, journal = {The New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Pelliccia, A. and Maron, B. J. and Spataro, A. and Proschan, M. A. and Spirito, P.}, month = jan, year = {1991}, pmid = {1824720}, keywords = {Adult, Cardiomegaly, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Male, Myocardium, Physical Education and Training, Sports}, pages = {295--301}, file = {document (1).pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GX3EJ87Q/document (1).pdf:application/pdf} } @article{yoon_non-conventional_2009, title = {Non-conventional risk factors were associated with infarct patterns in ischemic stroke}, volume = {111}, issn = {1872-6968 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery}, author = {Yoon, S. R. and Bang, O. Y. and Hong, J. M. and Li, W. Y. and Lee, P. H. and Ovbiagele, B.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Aged, Brain Infarction/blood/etiology/*pathology, Brain Ischemia/complications/*pathology, Cerebral Infarction/blood/etiology/pathology, C-Reactive Protein/analysis, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Metabolic Syndrome X/blood/complications/pathology, Middle Aged, Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism/pathology, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Stroke/complications/*pathology}, pages = {134--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7524MAJP/Yoon.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{taylor_arbiter_2002, title = {{ARBITER}: {Arterial} {Biology} for the {Investigation} of the {Treatment} {Effects} of {Reducing} {Cholesterol}: a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid intima medial thickness}, volume = {106}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {16}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Taylor, A. J. and Kent, S. M. and Flaherty, P. J. and Coyle, L. C. and Markwood, T. T. and Vernalis, M. N.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Adult, Arteriosclerosis/prevention \& control, Carotid Arteries/*drug effects/ultrasonography, Cholesterol/blood, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, effects/*therapeutic use, Endpoint Determination, Female, Heptanoic Acids/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse, Hyperlipidemias/blood/*drug therapy/ultrasonography, Lipids/blood, Male, Middle Aged, Pravastatin/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Pyrroles/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Tunica Intima/drug effects/ultrasonography}, pages = {2055--60}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4SWIGGIK/Taylor-2002-ARBITER_ Arterial Bi.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{noble_textbook_2001, address = {St. Louis, MO}, title = {Textbook of {Primary} {Care} {Medicine}}, isbn = {0-323-00828-3}, publisher = {Mosby, Inc.}, author = {Noble, John}, year = {2001} } @inproceedings{rajpoot_local-phase_2009, address = {Boston, MA, USA}, title = {Local-phase based 3D boundary detection using monogenic signal and its application to real-time 3-{D} echocardiography images}, isbn = {1945-7928}, doi = {10.1109/ISBI.2009.5193166}, abstract = {Ultrasound images are characterized by their speckle appearance, low contrast, and poor signal-to-noise ratio. It is always challenging to extract important clinical information from these images. An important step before automatic measurement is to transform the image into significant features of interest. Intensity based methods do not perform particularly well on ultrasound images. However, it has been shown previously that ultrasound images respond well to local phase-based methods which are theoretically intensity-invariant and thus suitable for low-contrast nature of ultrasound images. We extend the local phase-based method of feature asymmetry measure computation to detect 3D features using the monogenic signal, which is an isotropic extension of the analytic signal to higher dimensional functions. The proposed method is applied to real-time 3D echocardiography images and the visual results for the endocardial and epicardial boundary detection are presented.}, author = {Rajpoot, K. and Grau, V. and Noble, J. A.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {automatic measurement, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular system, diseases, Echocardiography, edge detection, endocardial boundary detection, epicardial boundary detection, feature asymmetry measure computation, feature extraction, intensity-invariant images, local-phase based 3D boundary detection, local phase-based method, medical image processing, monogenic signal, real-time 3D echocardiography images, speckle appearance, ultrasound images}, pages = {783--786}, file = {isbi2009kmr.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ITWAJJWC/isbi2009kmr.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{stevenson_diagnosis_1978, title = {Diagnosis of ventricular septal defect by pulsed {Doppler} echocardiography: {Sensitivity}, specificity and limitations}, volume = {58}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/58/2/322}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.58.2.322}, abstract = {The M-mode echocardiographic findings of ventricular septal defect (VSD) are nonspecific. A specific pulsed Doppler echocardiographic (PDE) diagnosis of VSD can be made by following the turbulent VSD jet through the septum. To assess the sensitivity, specificity and limitations of PDE diagnosis of VSD, 105 children undergoing cardiac catheterization were examined by PDE. These children had a variety of cardiac defects, and a PDE diagnosis of VSD was made in 46/51 (90\%) who had VSD proven at catheterization. There was one false positive PDE diagnosis of VSD, for a specificity of 98\%. Factors influencing the ability to diagnose VSD by PDE include the location of the defect, level of pulmonary vascular resistance and direction of blood flow through the VSD. The presence of additional defects did not interfere with PDE diagnosis of VSD. The PDE detection of additional defects may identify situations where M-mode echocardiographic estimation of dimensions may not be indicative of the size of VSD shunt.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Stevenson, J. G. and Kawabori, I. and Dooley, T. and Guntheroth, W. G.}, month = aug, year = {1978}, pmid = {668081}, pages = {322--326}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UGNV9J9K/Stevenson et al. - 1978 - Diagnosis of ventricular septal defect by pulsed D.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9EKN2FZV/322.html:text/html} } @article{canive_bupropion_1998, title = {Bupropion treatment in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: an open study}, volume = {18}, issn = {0271-0749 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9790155}, number = {5}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology}, author = {Canive, J. M. and Clark, R. D. and Calais, L. A. and Qualls, C. and Tuason, V. B.}, year = {1998}, keywords = {Aged, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/*administration \& dosage/adverse, Bupropion/*administration \& dosage/adverse effects, Chronic Disease, Combat Disorders/diagnosis/*drug therapy/psychology, effects, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory/statistics \& numerical data, Psychometrics, Veterans/*psychology}, pages = {379--83} } @article{wilson_mapping_2009, title = {Mapping of cardiac electrophysiology onto a dynamic patient-specific heart model}, volume = {28}, issn = {1558-0062}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19423433}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2009.2021429}, abstract = {Electrophysiological cardiac data mapping is an essential tool for the study of cardiac rhythm disorders, such as atrial fibrillation. Over the past decade, various advanced cardiac mapping systems have been developed to create detailed cardiac maps and assist physicians in diagnosis and therapy guidance. While these systems have increased the ability to study and treat cardiac arrhythmias, inherent limitations exist. The objective of this paper is to describe and evaluate a system that extends current approaches to cardiac mapping, to create a dynamic cardiac map, using patient-specific cardiac models. This paper details novel approaches to collecting a stream of electrophysiological cardiac data, registering the data with patient-specific dynamic cardiac models, and displaying the data directly on the dynamic model surface, giving a more accurate and comprehensive visualization environment when compared to current systems. To validate the system, a series of laboratory and in vivo experiments were conducted. In the laboratory studies, the system was used to test the user's ability to accurately locate a landmark in physical space, as well as their ability to accurately navigate to a virtual location. In the in vivo studies the overall system performance was compared to an existing electrophysiological recording system, where right atrial cardiac maps were created during sinus and paced cardiac rhythms. The results showed that the new dynamic cardiac mapping system was able to maintain high accuracy in locating physical and virtual landmarks, while being able to create a dynamic cardiac map displayed on a dynamic cardiac surface model.}, number = {12}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Wilson, Kevin and Guiraudon, Gerard and Jones, Douglas L. and Peters, Terry M.}, month = dec, year = {2009}, pmid = {19423433}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Computer Simulation, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Models, Cardiovascular, Myocardium, User-Computer Interface}, pages = {1870--1880}, file = {04909031.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZGBQNAVW/04909031.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{duggal_relentless_2014, title = {Relentless pulmonary vein stenosis: {A} contemporary approach to a recurring problem}, volume = {83}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, issn = {1522-726X}, shorttitle = {Relentless pulmonary vein stenosis}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ccd.24882/abstract}, doi = {10.1002/ccd.24882}, abstract = {Pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis is a known complication of PV isolation procedures for atrial fibrillation. Treatment can be percutaneous or surgical. We describe in this report a case of recurring PV stenosis after both surgical and percutaneous procedures, highlighting a number of novel interventional techniques. We also provide a review of literature regarding intervening in pulmonary vein occlusion. {\textcopyright} 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-11-24}, journal = {Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions}, author = {Duggal, Bhanu and Krishnaswamy, Amar and Kapadia, Samir}, month = apr, year = {2014}, keywords = {Dyna CT, export catheter, intravascular ultrasound}, pages = {811--816}, file = {ccd24882.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RC3WGZ8A/ccd24882.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EFXRSUCC/abstract\;jsessionid=EA791F8F349AFBED9DAC82BFCC8B8DFE.html:text/html} } @article{thomas_role_2008, series = {Sudden {Cardiac} {Death}}, title = {The role of electrophysiology study in risk stratification of sudden cardiac death}, volume = {51}, issn = {0033-0620}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062008000376}, doi = {10.1016/j.pcad.2008.05.001}, abstract = {Patients with ischemic heart disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction are at high risk of sudden cardiac death. However, most of these high-risk patients will never develop potential fatal ventricular arrhythmias. Thus, modalities that stratify patients according to their risk of sudden cardiac death are needed. The electrophysiology study has, for decades, been used to prognosticate on patients' risk of sudden cardiac death. Recent data from the Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia Trial (MUSTT) and Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II (MADIT II) demonstrate that in patients with ischemic heart disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, an electrophysiology study can help identify patients who are at high risk of sudden cardiac death. However, in these patient populations, the prognostic ability of an electrophysiology study is only modest and the negative predictive value is poor. In the future, combining the results of noninvasive modalities with invasive electrophysiology testing may improve our prognostic ability. Furthermore, expanding the role of the electrophysiology study to include therapeutic ablations may alter a patient's future risk of sudden cardiac death.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases}, author = {Thomas, Karen E. and Josephson, Mark E.}, month = sep, year = {2008}, pages = {97--105}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M3V4KSPF/Thomas and Josephson - 2008 - The Role of Electrophysiology Study in Risk Strati.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8HAUVM5Z/S0033062008000376.html:text/html} } @techreport{goldin_orchestrating_1997, type = {Working {Paper}}, title = {Orchestrating impartiality: {The} impact of ``blind'' auditions on female musicians}, shorttitle = {Orchestrating {Impartiality}}, url = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w5903}, abstract = {Discrimination against women has been alleged in hiring practices for many occupations, but it is extremely difficult to demonstrate sex-biased hiring. A change in the way symphony orchestras recruit musicians provides an unusual way to test for sex-biased hiring. To overcome possible biases in hiring, most orchestras revised their audition policies in the 1970s and 1980s. A major change involved the use of blind' auditions with a screen' to conceal the identity of the candidate from the jury. Female musicians in the top five symphony orchestras in the United States were less than 5\% of all players in 1970 but are 25\% today. We ask whether women were more likely to be advanced and/or hired with the use of blind' auditions. Using data from actual auditions in an individual fixed-effects framework, we find that the screen increases by 50\% the probability a woman will be advanced out of certain preliminary rounds. The screen also enhances, by severalfold, the likelihood a female contestant will be the winner in the final round. Using data on orchestra personnel, the switch to blind' auditions can explain between 30\% and 55\% of the increase in the proportion female among new hires and between 25\% and 46\% of the increase in the percentage female in the orchestras since 1970.}, number = {5903}, urldate = {2015-01-12}, institution = {National Bureau of Economic Research}, author = {Goldin, Claudia and Rouse, Cecilia}, month = jan, year = {1997}, file = {NBER Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2RX8EEW8/Goldin and Rouse - 1997 - Orchestrating Impartiality The Impact of.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{strassels_pharmacotherapy_2008, title = {Pharmacotherapy of pain in older adults}, volume = {24}, issn = {0749-0690 (Print)}, number = {2}, journal = {Clinics in Geriatric Medicine}, author = {Strassels, S. A. and McNicol, E. and Suleman, R.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Aged, Analgesics/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use, Humans, Pain/*drug therapy}, pages = {275--98, vi--vii}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M3DWXCSA/Older.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{weinstein_multicenter_2006, title = {Multicenter, open-label, prospective evaluation of the conversion from previous opioid analgesics to extended-release hydromorphone hydrochloride administered every 24 hours to patients with persistent moderate to severe pain}, volume = {28}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Weinstein, S. M. and Shi, M. and Buckley, B. J. and Kwarcinski, M. A.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Administration, Oral, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid/*administration \& dosage/therapeutic use, Clinical Trials as Topic, Delayed-Action Preparations, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydromorphone/*administration \& dosage/therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms/complications, Pain/diagnosis/*drug therapy/etiology, Pain Measurement, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {86--98}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UNW9IANM/Weinstein-2006-Multicenter, open-la.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{min_second_2007, title = {A second order accurate level set method on non-graded adaptive cartesian grids}, volume = {225}, issn = {0021-9991}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021999106005912}, doi = {10.1016/j.jcp.2006.11.034}, abstract = {We present a level set method on non-graded adaptive Cartesian grids, i.e. grids for which the ratio between adjacent cells is not constrained. We use quadtree and octree data structures to represent the grid and a simple algorithm to generate a mesh with the finest resolution at the interface. In particular, we present (1) a locally third order accurate reinitialization scheme that transforms an arbitrary level set function into a signed distance function, (2) a second order accurate semi-Lagrangian methods to evolve the linear level set advection equation under an externally generated velocity field, (3) a second order accurate upwind method to evolve the non-linear level set equation under a normal velocity as well as to extrapolate scalar quantities across an interface in the normal direction, and (4) a semi-implicit scheme to evolve the interface under mean curvature. Combined, we obtain a level set method on adaptive Cartesian grids with a negligible amount of mass loss. We propose numerical examples in two and three spatial dimensions to demonstrate the accuracy of the method.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Journal of Computational Physics}, author = {Min, Chohong and Gibou, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric}, month = jul, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adaptive mesh refinement, Extrapolation in the normal direction, Ghost fluid method, Level set method, Motion by mean curvature, Motion in an externally generated velocity field, Motion in the normal direction, Non-graded Cartesian grids}, pages = {300--321}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UGBS9BDK/Min and Gibou - 2007 - A second order accurate level set method on non-gr.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JVZPMNDJ/S0021999106005912.html:text/html} } @incollection{al-agamy_statistical_2015, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Statistical model of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation catheter ablation targets for pulmonary vein isolation}, copyright = {{\textcopyright}2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland}, isbn = {978-3-319-14677-5, 978-3-319-14678-2}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-14678-2_23}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by catheter ablation is a cornerstone treatment of paroxysmal AF. Low success rates are mainly due to reconnecting tissue. Local myocardial wall-thickness (WT) information is missing; lesion transmurality is impossible to estimate. WT information can be obtained from pencil beam high-resolution MRI, a time-consuming protocol. To reduce scan time, automatic selection of regions of interest is proposed. We developed a left atrial target probability model for paroxysmal AF ablation, based on intraprocedural ablation targeting data of fifteen patients, to support the selection of these regions. A common mesh serves as a reference for registration of the electroanatomical meshes and ablation targets using landmark registration and the Iterative Closest Points algorithm. This is followed by projection of the ablation targets onto the mean mesh model, closure of isolated ablation voids on the surface and Gaussian smoothing of the probability distribution. The final probability distribution clearly shows PVI contours as suggested in the consensus statement by European associations. The right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) shows a lower ablation probability, which may be due to limited maneuverability of the ablation catheter and the proximity of the RIPV ostium and the transseptal puncture, where the catheter enters the left atrium.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, booktitle = {Statistical {Atlases} and {Computational} {Models} of the {Heart} - {Imaging} and {Modelling} {Challenges}}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, author = {Al-Agamy, Ahmad and Karim, Rashed and Arujuna, Aruna and Harrison, James L. and Williams, Steven E. and Rhode, Kawal S. and Assen, Hans C. van}, editor = {Camara, Oscar and Mansi, Tommaso and Pop, Mihaela and Rhode, Kawal and Sermesant, Maxime and Young, Alistair}, month = jan, year = {2015}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, cardiology, Catheter Ablation, Health Informatics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, left atrium, Pattern Recognition, Probability and Statistics in Computer Science, pulmonary vein isolation, Simulation and Modeling, Statistical modeling}, pages = {221--230}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N6TG9SGS/Al-Agamy et al. - 2015 - Statistical Model of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillatio.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3JD2CXXZ/978-3-319-14678-2_23.html:text/html} } @article{fleisher_perioperative_2008, title = {Perioperative beta blockade: {Where} do we go from here?}, volume = {371}, issn = {1474-547X (Electronic) 0140-6736 (Linking)}, number = {9627}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Fleisher, L. A. and Poldermans, D.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Intraoperative Care, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Coronary Disease/*drug therapy, Humans, Hypotension/*chemically induced, Intraoperative Complications/*chemically induced, Metoprolol/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Risk Factors}, pages = {1813--4}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BG92VR9G/PeriopBetaBlock.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{adalsteinsson_fast_1995, title = {A fast level set method for propagating interfaces}, volume = {118}, issn = {0021-9991}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021999185710984}, doi = {10.1006/jcph.1995.1098}, abstract = {A method is introduced to decrease the computational labor of the standard level set method for propagating interfaces. The fast approach uses only points close to the curve at every time step. We describe this new algorithm and compare its efficiency and accuracy with the standard level set approach.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Journal of Computational Physics}, author = {Adalsteinsson, David and Sethian, James A.}, month = may, year = {1995}, pages = {269--277}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DTSR2XQI/Adalsteinsson and Sethian - 1995 - A Fast Level Set Method for Propagating Interfaces.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M2XFRIGB/S0021999185710984.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{cheung_n-sift_2007, title = {N-{SIFT}: {N}-dimensional scale invarient feature transform for matching medical images}, shorttitle = {N-{SIFT}}, doi = {10.1109/ISBI.2007.356953}, abstract = {We present a fully automated multimodal medical image matching technique. Our method extends the concepts used in the computer vision SIFT technique for extracting and matching distinctive scale invariant features in 2D scalar images to scalar images of arbitrary dimensionality. This extension involves using hyperspherical coordinates for gradients and multidimensional histograms to create the feature vectors. These features were successfully applied to determine accurate feature point correspondence between pairs of medical images (3D) and dynamic volumetric data (3D+time).}, booktitle = {4th {IEEE} {International} {Symposium} on {Biomedical} {Imaging}: {From} {Nano} to {Macro}, 2007. {ISBI} 2007}, author = {Cheung, W. and Hamarneh, G.}, month = apr, year = {2007}, keywords = {biomedical MRI, computerised tomography, dynamic volumetric data, feature extraction, hyperspherical coordinates, image matching, invariant feature transform, medical image matching, medical image processing, multidimensional histograms, SIFT}, pages = {720 --723}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GQSMXNIK/Cheung and Hamarneh - 2007 - N-SIFT N-DIMENSIONAL SCALE INVARIANT FEATURE TRAN.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CJT5BRUU/Cheung and Hamarneh - 2007 - N-SIFT N-DIMENSIONAL SCALE INVARIANT FEATURE TRAN.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{di_biase_does_2012, title = {Does the left atrial appendage morphology correlate with the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation? {Results} from a multicenter study}, volume = {60}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Does the {Left} {Atrial} {Appendage} {Morphology} {Correlate} {With} the {Risk} of {Stroke} in {Patients} {With} {Atrial} {Fibrillation}?}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109712017810}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2012.04.032}, abstract = {Objectives This study investigated the left atrial appendage (LAA) by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to categorize different LAA morphologies and to correlate the morphology with the history of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). Background LAA represents one of the major sources of cardiac thrombus formation responsible for TIA/stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods We studied 932 patients with drug-refractory AF who were planning to undergo catheter ablation. All patients underwent cardiac CT or MRI of the LAA and were screened for history of TIA/stroke. Four different morphologies were used to categorize LAA: Cactus, Chicken Wing, Windsock, and Cauliflower. Results CT scans of 499 patients and MRI scans of 433 patients were analyzed (age 59 {\textpm} 10 years, 79\% were male, and 14\% had CHADS2 [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age \>75, Diabetes mellitus, and prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack] score >=2). The distribution of different LAA morphologies was Cactus (278 [30\%]), Chicken Wing (451 [48\%]), Windsock (179 [19\%]), and Cauliflower (24 [3\%]). Of the 932 patients, 78 (8\%) had a history of ischemic stroke or TIA. The prevalence of pre-procedure stroke/TIA in Cactus, Chicken Wing, Windsock, and Cauliflower morphologies was 12\%, 4\%, 10\%, and 18\%, respectively (p = 0.003). After controlling for CHADS2 score, gender, and AF types in a multivariable logistic model, Chicken Wing morphology was found to be 79\% less likely to have a stroke/TIA history (odd ratio: 0.21, 95\% confidence interval: 0.05 to 0.91, p = 0.036). In a separate multivariate model, we entered Chicken Wing as the reference group and assessed the likelihood of stroke in other groups in relation to reference. Compared with Chicken Wing, Cactus was 4.08 times (p = 0.046), Windsock was 4.5 times (p = 0.038), and Cauliflower was 8.0 times (p = 0.056) more likely to have had a stroke/TIA. Conclusions Patients with Chicken Wing LAA morphology are less likely to have an embolic event even after controlling for comorbidities and CHADS2 score. If confirmed, these results could have a relevant impact on the anticoagulation management of patients with a low-intermediate risk for stroke/TIA.}, number = {6}, urldate = {2015-01-02}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Di Biase, Luigi and Santangeli, Pasquale and Anselmino, Matteo and Mohanty, Prasant and Salvetti, Ilaria and Gili, Sebastiano and Horton, Rodney and Sanchez, Javier E. and Bai, Rong and Mohanty, Sanghamitra and Pump, Agnes and Cereceda Brantes, Mauricio and Gallinghouse, G. Joseph and Burkhardt, J. David and Cesarani, Federico and Scaglione, Marco and Natale, Andrea and Gaita, Fiorenzo}, month = aug, year = {2012}, keywords = {CHADS2 score, Left atrial appendage, stroke, stroke prevention, TIA}, pages = {531--538}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CQ4GUH9B/Di Biase et al. - 2012 - Does the Left Atrial Appendage Morphology Correlat.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8H5KV37Z/S0735109712017810.html:text/html} } @article{mcleish_study_2002, title = {A study of the motion and deformation of the heart due to respiration}, volume = {21}, issn = {0278-0062}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2002.804427}, abstract = {This paper describes a quantitative assessment of respiratory motion of the heart and the construction of a model of respiratory motion. Three-dimensional magnetic resonance scans were acquired on eight normal volunteers and ten patients. The volunteers were imaged at multiple positions in the breathing cycle between full exhalation and full inhalation while holding their breath. The exhalation volume was segmented and used as a template to which the other volumes were registered using an intensity-based rigid registration algorithm followed by nonrigid registration. The patients were imaged at inhale and exhale only. The registration results were validated by visual assessment and consistency measurements indicating subvoxel registration accuracy. For all subjects, we assessed the nonrigid motion of the heart at the right coronary artery, right atrium, and left ventricle. We show that the rigid-body motion of the heart is primarily in the craniocaudal direction with smaller displacements in the right-left and anterior-posterior directions; this is in agreement with previous studies. Deformation was greatest for the free wall of the right atrium and the left ventricle; typical deformations were 3-4 mm with deformations of up to 7 mm observed in some subjects. Using the registration results, landmarks on the template surface were mapped to their correct positions through the breathing cycle. Principal component analysis produced a statistical model of the motion and deformation of the heart. We discuss how this model could be used to assist motion correction.}, language = {English}, number = {9}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {McLeish, Kate and Hill, Derek L. G. and Atkinson, David and Blackall, Jane M. and Razavi, Reza}, month = sep, year = {2002}, keywords = {Adult, Algorithms, Arteries, biomechanics, Biomedical imaging, biomedical MRI, cardiac imaging, cardiology, correct positions, craniocaudal direction, Deformable models, Electrocardiography, exhale, Female, Heart, High-resolution imaging, Hospitals, Humans, image motion analysis, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, image registration, image segmentation, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, inhale, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, medical diagnostic imaging, medical image processing, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Motion, Navigation, navigator echoes, nonrigid motion, pneumodynamics, Principal Component Analysis, Respiration, respiratory motion, right atrium, right coronary artery, subvoxel registration accuracy, template surface, three-dimensional magnetic resonance scans}, pages = {1142--1150}, file = {01166643.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WVA4HMZS/01166643.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{franke_stress_2006, title = {The stress echo dilemma: time counts, but image quality too}, volume = {27}, number = {14}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Franke, Andreas}, year = {2006}, pages = {1646--1647}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MG65SNVA/Franke Editorial.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{will_mr-compatible_2010, title = {{MR}-compatible {RF} ablation system for online treatment monitoring using {MR} thermometry}, doi = {10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5626664}, abstract = {RF ablation (RFA) is used for thermal ablation of tumors in which the RF electrode is placed in the tissue under image-guidance. Because of the good tumor visibility and the lack of ionizing radiation, MR-guided RFA is the method of choice. Additionally, with the help of MR thermometry the RF ablation can be monitored during the intervention. Unfortunately, the imaging of an MR scanner is highly sensitive to interferences caused by external electrical signals. In this paper the high-power RF ablation signal of a commercially available medical therapy device is made MR-compatible. A design of a low-pass filter with high-power compatibility is presented. The filter performance is demonstrated by means of simulations and measurements.}, booktitle = {2010 {Annual} {International} {Conference} of the {IEEE} {Engineering} in {Medicine} and {Biology} {Society}}, author = {Will, K. and Krug, J. and Jungnickel, K. and Fischbach, F. and Ricke, J. and Rose, G. and Omar, A.}, month = aug, year = {2010}, keywords = {Artifacts, biomedical MRI, Catheter Ablation, electromagnetic interference, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Frequency measurement, Generators, high power compatibility, high power RF ablation signal, Humans, hyperthermia, Image Enhancement, image guidance, imaging, low pass filter, Low pass filters, low-pass filters, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MR compatible RF ablation system, MR guided RFA, MR thermometry, Online Systems, online treatment monitoring, Power harmonic filters, radiation therapy, Radio frequency, Radiofrequency ablation, radiofrequency heating, RF electrode, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, temperature measurement, Thermography, Tumors, tumor thermal ablation, tumor visibility, tumours}, pages = {1601--1604}, file = {05626664.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6K72UJF7/05626664.pdf:application/pdf;IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7TQMI6KM/abs_all.html:text/html} } @article{linguraru_real-time_2007, title = {Real-time tracking and shape analysis of atrial septal defects in 3D echocardiography}, volume = {14}, issn = {1076-6332}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17964455}, doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2007.07.011}, abstract = {RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Real-time cardiac ultrasound (US) allows monitoring the heart motion during intracardiac beating heart procedures. Our application assists pediatric atrial septal defect (ASD) closure techniques using real-time 3D US guidance and rigid instruments. ASD tracking is also an important tool for facilitating systematic clinical studies of the dynamic behavior of the intra-atrial communication. One major image processing challenge is associated with the required processing of information at high frame rate, especially given the low image quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present an optimization scheme for a block flow technique, which combines the probability-based velocity computation for an entire block (a 3D volume centered on the ASD) with cyclic template matching. The adapted similarity imposes constraints both locally (from frame to frame) to conserve energy, and globally (from a reference template) to minimize cumulative errors. The algorithm is optimized for fast and reliable results. For tests, we use three intra-operational 4D ultrasound sequences of clinical infant beating hearts with ASD. RESULTS: Computing velocity at the block level with an optimized scheme, our technique tracks ASD motion at a frequency of 60 frames/s on clinical 4D datasets. Results are stable and accurate for changes in resolution and block size. In particular, we show robust real-time tracking and preliminary segmentation results of the ASD shape, size and orientation as a function of time. CONCLUSIONS: We present an optimized block flow technique for real-time tracking of ASD to assist in minimally invasive beating heart surgery. Our method proposes the standard use of references for processing repetitive data. This paper represents, to our knowledge, the first study on the dynamic morphology of ASD that takes into account the angular effect introduced by the slanted position of the intra-atrial communication with respect to the US probe.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {Academic Radiology}, author = {Linguraru, Marius George and Kabla, Alexandre and Marx, Gerald R. and del Nido, Pedro J. and Howe, Robert D.}, month = nov, year = {2007}, pmid = {17964455}, keywords = {Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Systems, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial, Humans, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Infant, Pattern Recognition, Automated, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity}, pages = {1298--1309}, file = {linguraru_AcadRad2007.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B6M7TRXW/linguraru_AcadRad2007.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{rakel_conns_2008, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Conn's {Current} {Therapy} 2008}, isbn = {978-1-4160-4435-2}, publisher = {Saunders Elsevier}, author = {Rakel, Robert E. and Bope, Edward T.}, year = {2008} } @article{hong_side_2008, title = {The side effects of morphine and hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia}, volume = {107}, issn = {1526-7598 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/cgi/content/abstract/107/4/1384 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18806056}, number = {4}, journal = {Anesthesia and Analgesia}, author = {Hong, D. and Flood, P. and Diaz, G.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Analgesia, Patient-Controlled, Adult, Analgesics, Opioid/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Hydromorphone/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects, Male, Miosis/chemically induced, Morphine/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects, Nausea/chemically induced, Pain, Postoperative/*drug therapy, Patient Satisfaction, Pruritus/chemically induced, Vomiting/chemically induced}, pages = {1384--9} } @article{breen_coronary_1992, title = {Coronary artery calcification detected with ultrafast {CT} as an indication of coronary artery disease}, volume = {185}, issn = {0033-8419}, url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiology.185.2.1410350}, doi = {10.1148/radiology.185.2.1410350}, abstract = {To assess the relationship of coronary artery calcification to angiographically detectable disease, the authors evaluated 100 patients less than 60 years of age who underwent clinically indicated coronary angiography and ultrafast computed tomography (CT). The ultrafast CT technique consisted of 3-mm-thick contiguous sections and a 100-msec acquisition time. All patients with clinically significant disease at angiography (defined as at least one stenosis with a diameter narrowing of at least 50\%) had some coronary artery calcification present at ultrafast CT (100\% sensitivity in this population). The absence of calcification at ultrafast CT had a 100\% negative predictive value for clinically significant coronary artery disease. Specificity and positive predictive value were 47\% and 62\%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrafast CT in the detection of patients with angiographically detectable disease were 94\% and 72\%, respectively. Ultrafast CT of the heart is an anatomically based, noninvasive test with high sensitivity for the detection of coronary artery calcification. Ultrafast CT may be beneficial in the screening of selected populations for the presence of atherosclerotic coronary disease.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Breen, J. F. and Sheedy, P. F. and Schwartz, R. S. and Stanson, A. W. and Kaufmann, R. B. and Moll, P. P. and Rumberger, J. A.}, month = nov, year = {1992}, pages = {435--439}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3M3U4628/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4X449TFW/radiology.185.2.html:text/html} } @incollection{gagliardi_recording_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Recording the {Image}}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Haus, Arthur G. and Cullinan, John E.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {87--107}, file = {RCI_D_c05.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3PDMH4VU/RCI_D_c05.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{santos_metabolism_2000, title = {Metabolism of irinotecan ({CPT}-11) by {CYP}3A4 and {CYP}3A5 in humans}, volume = {6}, issn = {1078-0432 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {Clin Cancer Res}, author = {Santos, A. and Zanetta, S. and Cresteil, T. and Deroussent, A. and Pein, F. and Raymond, E. and Vernillet, L. and Risse, M. L. and Boige, V. and Gouyette, A. and Vassal, G.}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Adolescent, Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*metabolism/therapeutic use, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/therapeutic use/urine, Cell Line, Child, Preschool, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chromatography, Liquid, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*metabolism, DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/antagonists \& inhibitors, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Microsomes, Liver/enzymology/metabolism, Mixed Function Oxygenases/*metabolism, Neoplasms/*drug therapy/metabolism}, pages = {2012--20}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XFU3SKR4/Santos-2000-Metabolism of irinot.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{osher_fronts_1988, title = {Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: {Algorithms} based on {Hamilton}-{Jacobi} formulations}, volume = {79}, issn = {0021-9991}, shorttitle = {Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0021999188900022}, doi = {10.1016/0021-9991(88)90002-2}, abstract = {We devise new numerical algorithms, called PSC algorithms, for following fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed. The speed may be an arbitrary function of curvature, and the front also can be passively advected by an underlying flow. These algorithms approximate the equations of motion, which resemble Hamilton-Jacobi equations with parabolic right-hand sides, by using techniques from hyperbolic conservation laws. Non-oscillatory schemes of various orders of accuracy are used to solve the equations, providing methods that accurately capture the formation of sharp gradients and cusps in the moving fronts. The algorithms handle topological merging and breaking naturally, work in any number of space dimensions, and do not require that the moving surface be written as a function. The methods can be also used for more general Hamilton-Jacobi-type problems. We demonstrate our algorithms by computing the solution to a variety of surface motion problems.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Journal of Computational Physics}, author = {Osher, Stanley and Sethian, James A}, month = nov, year = {1988}, pages = {12--49}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RZ832JPC/Osher and Sethian - 1988 - Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VP26B83J/0021999188900022.html:text/html} } @article{marrouche_association_2014, title = {Association of atrial tissue fibrosis identified by delayed enhancement {MRI} and atrial fibrillation catheter ablation: {The} {DECAAF} study}, volume = {311}, issn = {0098-7484}, shorttitle = {Association of atrial tissue fibrosis identified by delayed enhancement mri and atrial fibrillation catheter ablation}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.3}, doi = {10.1001/jama.2014.3}, abstract = {Importance~ Left atrial fibrosis is prominent in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Extensive atrial tissue fibrosis identified by delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been associated with poor outcomes of AF catheter ablation.Objective To characterize the feasibility of atrial tissue fibrosis estimation by delayed enhancement MRI and its association with subsequent AF ablation outcome.Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study of patients diagnosed with paroxysmal and persistent AF (undergoing their first catheter ablation) conducted between August 2010 and August 2011 at 15 centers in the United States, Europe, and Australia. Delayed enhancement MRI images were obtained up to 30 days before ablation.Main Outcomes and Measures Fibrosis quantification was performed at a core laboratory blinded to the participating center, ablation approach, and procedure outcome. Fibrosis blinded to the treating physicians was categorized as stage 1 ({\textless}10\% of the atrial wall), 2 (>=10\%-{\textless}20\%), 3 (>=20\%-{\textless}30\%), and 4 (>=30\%). Patients were followed up for recurrent arrhythmia per current guidelines using electrocardiography or ambulatory monitor recording and results were analyzed at a core laboratory. Cumulative incidence of recurrence was estimated by stage at days 325 and 475 after a 90-day blanking period (standard time allowed for arrhythmias related to ablation-induced inflammation to subside) and the risk of recurrence was estimated (adjusting for 10 demographic and clinical covariates).Results Atrial tissue fibrosis estimation by delayed enhancement MRI was successfully quantified in 272 of 329 enrolled patients (57 patients [17\%] were excluded due to poor MRI quality). There were 260 patients who were followed up after the blanking period (mean [SD] age of 59.1 [10.7] years, 31.5\% female, 64.6\% with paroxysmal AF). For recurrent arrhythmia, the unadjusted overall hazard ratio per 1\% increase in left atrial fibrosis was 1.06 (95\% CI, 1.03-1.08; P {\textless} .001). Estimated unadjusted cumulative incidence of recurrent arrhythmia by day 325 for stage 1 fibrosis was 15.3\% (95\% CI, 7.6\%-29.6\%); stage 2, 32.6\% (95\% CI, 24.3\%-42.9\%); stage 3, 45.9\% (95\% CI, 35.5\%-57.5\%); and stage 4, 51.1\% (95\% CI, 32.8\%-72.2\%) and by day 475 was 15.3\% (95\% CI, 7.6\%-29.6\%), 35.8\% (95\% CI, 26.2\%-47.6\%), 45.9\% (95\% CI, 35.6\%-57.5\%), and 69.4\% (95\% CI, 48.6\%-87.7\%), respectively. Similar results were obtained after covariate adjustment. The addition of fibrosis to a recurrence prediction model that includes traditional clinical covariates resulted in an improved predictive accuracy with the C statistic increasing from 0.65 to 0.69 (risk difference of 0.05; 95\% CI, 0.01-0.09).Conclusions and Relevance Among patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation, atrial tissue fibrosis estimated by delayed enhancement MRI was independently associated with likelihood of recurrent arrhythmia. The clinical implications of this association warrant further investigation.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-08-22}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Marrouche, Nassir F. and Wilber, David and Hindricks, Gerhard and Jais, Pierre and Akoum, Nazem and Marchlinski, Francis and Kholmovski, Eugene and Burgon, Nathan and Hu, Nan and Mont, Lluis and Deneke, Thomas and Duytschaever, Mattias and Neumann, Thomas and Mansour, Moussa and Mahnkopf, Christian and Herweg, Bengt and Daoud, Emile and Wissner, Erik and Bansmann, Paul and Brachmann, Johannes}, month = feb, year = {2014}, pages = {498--506}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JDFN5STD/Marrouche NF et al. - 2014 - Association of atrial tissue fibrosis identified b.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sermesant_toward_2008, series = {Function {Follows} {Form}}, title = {Toward patient-specific myocardial models of the heart}, volume = {4}, issn = {1551-7136}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551713608000457}, doi = {10.1016/j.hfc.2008.02.014}, abstract = {This article presents a framework for building patient-specific models of the myocardium, to help diagnosis, therapy planning, and procedure guidance. The aim is to be able to introduce such models in clinical applications. Thus, there is a need to design models that can be adjusted from clinical data, images, or signals, which are sparse and noisy. The authors describe the three main components of a myocardial model: the anatomy, the electrophysiology, and the biomechanics. For each of these components, the authors try to obtain the best balance between prior knowledge and observable parameters to be able to adjust these models to patient data. To achieve this, there is a need to design models with the right level of complexity and a computational cost compatible with clinical constraints.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {Heart Failure Clinics}, author = {Sermesant, Maxime and Peyrat, Jean-Marc and Chinchapatnam, Phani and Billet, Florence and Mansi, Tommaso and Rhode, Kawal and Delingette, Herv{\'e} and Razavi, Reza and Ayache, Nicholas}, month = jul, year = {2008}, pages = {289--301}, file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HXKNCRZF/S1551713608000457.html:text/html} } @article{hohfeld_fundamental_1917, title = {Fundamental legal conceptions as applied in judicial reasoning}, volume = {26}, issn = {0044-0094}, url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/786270}, doi = {10.2307/786270}, number = {8}, urldate = {2014-11-16}, journal = {The Yale Law Journal}, author = {Hohfeld, Wesley Newcomb}, month = jun, year = {1917}, pages = {710--770}, file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8ZDD4EBM/Hohfeld - 1917 - Fundamental Legal Conceptions as Applied in Judici.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{claxton_systematic_2001, title = {A systematic review of the associations between dose regimens and medication compliance}, volume = {23}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {8}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Claxton, A. J. and Cramer, J. and Pierce, C.}, year = {2001}, keywords = {*Drug Administration Schedule, *Patient Compliance, Drug Monitoring, Humans, Pharmaceutical Preparations/*administration \& dosage, Time Factors}, pages = {1296--310}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DTFEQST8/Claxton-2001-A systematic review.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rodger_diagnostic_2000, title = {Diagnostic value of the electrocardiogram in suspected pulmonary embolism}, volume = {86}, issn = {0002-9149}, number = {7}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Rodger, Marc and Makropoulos, Dimitri and Turek, Michele and Quevillon, Jean and Raymond, Francois and Rasuli, Pasteur and Wells, Philip S.}, year = {2000}, pages = {807--809}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ANTMAAGR/Rodger PE.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{bogun_electrogram_2005, title = {Electrogram characteristics in postinfarction ventricular tachycardia: {Effect} of infarct age}, volume = {46}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Electrogram {Characteristics} in {Postinfarction} {Ventricular} {Tachycardia}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109705011794}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2005.01.064}, abstract = {Objectives The purpose of this study was to correlate infarct age with characteristics of the endocardial electrograms (EGM) obtained in patients undergoing mapping procedures for postinfarction ventricular tachycardia (VT). Background Experimental studies have demonstrated that infarct age influences EGM duration in the subepicardial left ventricle (LV). The relationship between infarct age and endocardial EGM characteristics has not been investigated in patients with postinfarction VT. Methods In a consecutive series of 23 patients with a history of remote infarction (range 1 to 31 years) and VT, endocardial LV mapping was performed with an electroanatomical mapping system (CARTO, Biosense Webster Inc., Diamond Bar, California) during sinus rhythm. Electrogram morphology and width were analyzed and correlated with infarct age. Isthmus sites of the VT re-entry circuits were identified by entrainment mapping and related to the results of substrate mapping. Results There was a significant correlation between infarct age and width of the bipolar endocardial EGM during baseline rhythm in the peri-infarct zone (r = 0.84; p \< 0.0001). Increasing infarct age was associated with progressive activation delays in the scar and with isolated potentials separated by an isoelectric interval, the duration of which also correlated with infarct age (r = 0.77; p \< 0.001). Among all endocardial sites, the VT isthmus sites displayed the most delay and broadest EGMs during sinus rhythm. Conclusions The presence of broad, fractionated EGMs and isolated potentials indicates a healed myocardial infarction; the older the infarction, the broader the EGM width. Remodeling over time alters the electrophysiologic properties of the peri-infarct tissue.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2013-04-25}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Bogun, Frank and Krishnan, Subramaniam and Siddiqui, Mukarram and Good, Eric and Marine, Joseph E. and Schuger, Claudio and Oral, Hakan and Chugh, Aman and Pelosi, Frank and Morady, Fred}, month = aug, year = {2005}, pages = {667--674}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZCTFM2XT/Bogun et al. - 2005 - Electrogram Characteristics in Postinfarction Vent.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9UA5FE94/S0735109705011794.html:text/html} } @article{mantovan_left_2003, title = {Left atrial radiofrequency ablation during cardiac surgery in patients with atrial fibrillation}, volume = {14}, issn = {1540-8167}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03077.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03077.x}, abstract = {Introduction: Intraoperative left atrial radiofrequency (RF) ablation recently has been suggested as an effective surgical treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to verify the outcome of this technique in a controlled multicenter trial. Methods and Results: One hundred three consecutive patients (39 men and 65 women; age 62 {\textpm} 11 years) affected by AF underwent cardiac surgery and RF ablation in the left atrium (RF group). The control group consisted of 27 patients (6 men and 21 women; age 64 {\textpm} 7 years) with AF who underwent cardiac surgery during the same period and refused RF ablation. Mitral valve disease was present in 89 (86\%) and 25 (92\%) patients, respectively (P = NS). RF endocardial ablation was performed in order to obtain isolation of both right and left pulmonary veins, a lesion connecting the previous lines, and a lesion connecting the line encircling the left veins to the mitral annulus. Upon discharge from the hospital, sinus rhythm was present in 65 patients (63\%) versus 5 patients (18\%) in the control group (P {\textless} 0.0001). Mean time of cardiopulmonary bypass was longer in the RF group (148 {\textpm} 50 min vs 117 {\textpm} 30 min, P = 0.013). The complication rate was similar in both groups, but RF ablation-related complications occurred in 4 RF group patients (3.9\%). After a mean follow-up of 12.5 {\textpm} 5 months (range 4{\textendash}24), 83 (81\%) of 102 RF group patients were in stable sinus rhythm versus 3 (11\%) of 27 in the control group (P {\textless} 0.0001). The success rate was similar among the four surgical centers. Atrial contraction was present in 66 (79.5\%) of 83 patients in the RF group in sinus rhythm. Conclusion: Endocardial RF left atrial compartmentalization during cardiac surgery is effective in restoring sinus rhythm in many patients. This technique is easy to perform and reproducible. Rare RF ablation-related complications can occur. During follow-up, sinus rhythm persistence is good, and biatrial contraction is preserved in most patients. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 1289-1295, December 2003)}, language = {en}, number = {12}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Mantovan, Roberto and Raviele, Antonio and Buja, Gianfranco and Bertaglia, Emanuele and Cesari, Francesco and Pedrocco, Alessandra and Zussa, Claudio and Gerosa, Gino and Valfr{\`e}, Carlo and Stritoni, Paolo and {North-eastern Italian Study on Radiofrequency Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation Investigators}}, year = {2003}, keywords = {arrhythmia surgery, Atrial Fibrillation, atrial fibrillation surgery, pulmonary vein isolation, Radiofrequency ablation}, pages = {1289--1295}, file = {j.1540-8167.2003.03077.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KKDANW43/j.1540-8167.2003.03077.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7Q3PKFEF/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{kawato_intracellular_1991, title = {Intracellular roles of {SN}-38, a metabolite of the camptothecin derivative {CPT}-11, in the antitumor effect of {CPT}-11}, volume = {51}, issn = {0008-5472 (Print)}, number = {16}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Kawato, Y. and Aonuma, M. and Hirota, Y. and Kuga, H. and Sato, K.}, year = {1991}, keywords = {*DNA Damage, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*pharmacology, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology, Cell Survival/*drug effects, DNA Replication/*drug effects, DNA, Single-Stranded/drug effects, DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/*antagonists \& inhibitors, Kinetics, Leukemia P388/pathology/physiopathology, Mice, RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis/drug effects, Thymidine/metabolism, Uridine/metabolism}, pages = {4187--91}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7BJJX8K4/Kawato-1991-Intracellular roles.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{cooper_use_2001, title = {Use of intracardiac echocardiography to guide ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {104}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/104/25/3010}, doi = {10.1161/hc5001.101503}, language = {en}, number = {25}, urldate = {2014-12-19}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Cooper, Joshua M. and Epstein, Laurence M.}, month = dec, year = {2001}, pmid = {11748089}, keywords = {atrium, Catheter Ablation, Echocardiography, fibrillation}, pages = {3010--3013}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/54SFAI8X/Cooper and Epstein - 2001 - Use of Intracardiac Echocardiography to Guide Abla.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ADG2WN66/3010.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{macskassy_confidence_2004, address = {Valencia, Spain}, title = {Confidence bands for {ROC} curves: {Methods} and an empirical study}, shorttitle = {Confidence {Bands} for {ROC} {Curves}}, url = {http://archive.nyu.edu/handle/2451/27802}, abstract = {In this paper we study techniques for generating and evaluating confidence bands on ROC curves. ROC curve evaluation is rapidly becoming a commonly used evaluation metric in machine learning, although evaluating ROC curves has thus far been limited to studying the area under the curve (AUC) or generation of one-dimensional confidence intervals by freezing one variable{\textemdash}the false-positive rate, or threshold on the classification scoring function. Researchers in the medical field have long been using ROC curves and have many well-studied methods for analyzing such curves, including generating confidence intervals as well as simultaneous confidence bands. In this paper we introduce these techniques to the machine learning community and show their empirical fitness on the Covertype data set{\textemdash}a standard machine learning benchmark from the UCI repository. We show how some of these methods work remarkably well, others are too loose, and that existing machine learning methods for generation of 1-dimensional confidence intervals do not translate well to generation of simultanous bands{\textemdash}their bands are too tight.}, language = {en\_US}, urldate = {2014-09-07}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {Workshop} on {ROC} {Analysis} in {AI}}, author = {Macskassy, Sofus and Provost, Foster}, month = aug, year = {2004}, note = {NYU, Stern School of Business, IOMS Department, Center for Digital Economy Research}, keywords = {Article}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KPF76IR9/Macskassy and Provost - 2004 - Confidence Bands for ROC Curves Methods and an Em.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7JIXAX2G/27802.html:text/html} } @article{danielsson_euclidean_1980, title = {Euclidean distance mapping}, volume = {14}, issn = {0146-664X}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0146664X80900544}, doi = {10.1016/0146-664X(80)90054-4}, abstract = {Based on a two-component descriptor, a distance label for each point, it is shown that Euclidean distance maps can be generated by effective sequential algorithms. The map indicates, for each pixel in the objects (or the background) of the originally binary picture, the shortest distance to the nearest pixel in the background (or the objects). A map with negligible errors can be produced in two picture scans which has to include forward and backward movement for each line. Thus, for expanding/shrinking purposes it may compete very successfully with iterative parallel propagation in the binary picture itself. It is shown that skeletons can be produced by simple procedures and since these are based on Euclidean distances it is assumed that they are superior to skeletons based on d4-, d8-, and even octagonal metrics.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-08-27}, journal = {Computer Graphics and Image Processing}, author = {Danielsson, Per-Erik}, month = nov, year = {1980}, pages = {227--248}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UN9AT7Q3/Danielsson - 1980 - Euclidean distance mapping.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PME7R39R/0146664X80900544.html:text/html} } @article{williams_national_2015, title = {National hiring experiments reveal 2:1 faculty preference for women on {STEM} tenure track}, issn = {0027-8424, 1091-6490}, shorttitle = {National hiring experiments reveal 2}, url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/04/08/1418878112}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1418878112}, abstract = {National randomized experiments and validation studies were conducted on 873 tenure-track faculty (439 male, 434 female) from biology, engineering, economics, and psychology at 371 universities/colleges from 50 US states and the District of Columbia. In the main experiment, 363 faculty members evaluated narrative summaries describing hypothetical female and male applicants for tenure-track assistant professorships who shared the same lifestyle (e.g., single without children, married with children). Applicants' profiles were systematically varied to disguise identically rated scholarship; profiles were counterbalanced by gender across faculty to enable between-faculty comparisons of hiring preferences for identically qualified women versus men. Results revealed a 2:1 preference for women by faculty of both genders across both math-intensive and non{\textendash}math-intensive fields, with the single exception of male economists, who showed no gender preference. Results were replicated using weighted analyses to control for national sample characteristics. In follow-up experiments, 144 faculty evaluated competing applicants with differing lifestyles (e.g., divorced mother vs. married father), and 204 faculty compared same-gender candidates with children, but differing in whether they took 1-y-parental leaves in graduate school. Women preferred divorced mothers to married fathers; men preferred mothers who took leaves to mothers who did not. In two validation studies, 35 engineering faculty provided rankings using full curricula vitae instead of narratives, and 127 faculty rated one applicant rather than choosing from a mixed-gender group; the same preference for women was shown by faculty of both genders. These results suggest it is a propitious time for women launching careers in academic science. Messages to the contrary may discourage women from applying for STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) tenure-track assistant professorships.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-04-14}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, author = {Williams, Wendy M. and Ceci, Stephen J.}, month = apr, year = {2015}, keywords = {faculty hiring, gender bias, hiring bias, underrepresentation of women, women in science}, pages = {201418878}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VNDIF4KC/Williams and Ceci - 2015 - National hiring experiments reveal 21 faculty pre.pdf:application/pdf;pnas.1418878112.sapp.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3K29XER9/pnas.1418878112.sapp.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AMIBFK62/Williams and Ceci - 2015 - National hiring experiments reveal 21 faculty pre.html:text/html} } @article{laurent-puig_[biological_2008, title = {[{The} biological point of view on pharmacogenetics of anticancer agents in colorectal cancer]}, volume = {95}, issn = {1769-6917 (Electronic)}, number = {10}, journal = {Bulletin du Cancer}, author = {Laurent-Puig, P. and Lievre, A. and Ducreux, M. and Loriot, M. A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism/ therapeutic use, Camptothecin/analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/therapeutic use, Colorectal Neoplasms/ drug therapy/ genetics/metabolism, Cyclin D1/genetics, Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP)/genetics/metabolism, Epidermal Growth Factor/genetics, Fluorouracil/metabolism/therapeutic use, Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/metabolism, Glutathione Transferase/genetics/metabolism, Humans, Mutation/genetics, Organoplatinum Compounds/metabolism/therapeutic use, Polymorphism, Genetic, Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics, ras Proteins/genetics, Receptors, IgG/genetics, Thymidylate Synthase/genetics/metabolism}, pages = {935--42} } @article{vrecer_use_2003, title = {Use of statins in primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. {Meta}-analysis of randomized trials}, volume = {41}, issn = {0946-1965 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=14692706}, number = {12}, journal = {International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, author = {Vrecer, M. and Turk, S. and Drinovec, J. and Mrhar, A.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Aged, Coronary Disease/mortality/*prevention \& control, Female, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*pharmacology/*therapeutic, Hypercholesterolemia/complications/drug therapy/prevention \& control, Male, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Reproducibility of Results, Treatment Outcome, use}, pages = {567--77} } @article{wierzbicki_searching_2009, title = {{SEARCHing} for {JUPITER}: {Starry}-eyed optimism is not warranted}, volume = {63}, issn = {1742-1241 (Electronic)}, number = {5}, journal = {International Journal of Clinical Practice}, author = {Wierzbicki, A. S.}, year = {2009}, pages = {685--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GWMXFZNM/Wierzbicki-2009-SEARCHing for JUPITE.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{furlan_opioids_2006, title = {Opioids for chronic noncancer pain: {A} meta-analysis of effectiveness and side effects}, volume = {174}, issn = {1488-2329 (Electronic)}, number = {11}, journal = {Canadian Medical Association Journal}, author = {Furlan, A. D. and Sandoval, J. A. and Mailis-Gagnon, A. and Tunks, E.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Analgesics, Opioid/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/*therapeutic, Chronic Disease, Humans, Pain/*drug therapy, Pain Measurement, Placebos, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, use}, pages = {1589--94}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8PN3XJKS/Furlan-2006-Opioids for chronic.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mcgann_new_2008, title = {New magnetic resonance imaging-based method for defining the extent of left atrial wall injury after the ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {52}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109708024753}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2008.05.062}, abstract = {Objectives We describe a noninvasive method of detecting and quantifying left atrial (LA) wall injury after pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Using a 3-dimensional (3D) delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence and novel processing methods, LA wall scarring is visualized at high resolution after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Background Radiofrequency ablation to achieve PVAI is a promising approach to curing AF. Controlled lesion delivery and scar formation within the LA are indicators of procedural success, but the assessment of these factors is limited to invasive methods. Noninvasive evaluation of LA wall injury to assess permanent tissue injury may be an important step in improving procedural success. Methods Imaging of the LA wall with a 3D delayed-enhanced cardiac MRI sequence was performed before and 3 months after ablation in 46 patients undergoing PVAI for AF. Our 3D respiratory-navigated MRI sequence using parallel imaging resulted in 1.25 {\texttimes} 1.25 {\texttimes} 2.5 mm (reconstructed to 0.6 {\texttimes} 0.6 {\texttimes} 1.25 mm) spatial resolution with imaging times ranging 8 to 12 min. Results Radiofrequency ablation resulted in hyperenhancement of the LA wall in all patients post-PVAI and may represent tissue scarring. New methods of reconstructing the LA in 3D allowed quantification of LA scarring using automated methods. Arrhythmia recurrence at 3 months correlated with the degree of wall enhancement with \>13\% injury predicting freedom from AF (odds ratio: 18.5, 95\% confidence interval: 1.27 to 268, p = 0.032). Conclusions We define noninvasive MRI methods that allow for the detection and quantification of LA wall scarring after RF ablation in patients with AF. Moreover, there seems to be a correlation between the extent of LA wall injury and short-term procedural outcome.}, number = {15}, urldate = {2013-05-17}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {McGann, Christopher J. and Kholmovski, Eugene G. and Oakes, Robert S. and Blauer, Joshua J. E. and Daccarett, Marcos and Segerson, Nathan and Airey, Kelly J. and Akoum, Nazem and Fish, Eric and Badger, Troy J. and DiBella, Edward V. R. and Parker, Dennis and MacLeod, Rob S. and Marrouche, Nassir F.}, month = oct, year = {2008}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging, Image processing}, pages = {1263--1271}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M83BRVQM/McGann et al. - 2008 - New Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Method for De.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7F6QBUGH/McGann et al. - 2008 - New Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Method for De.html:text/html} } @article{dispersyn_cardiomyocyte_1999, title = {Cardiomyocyte remodelling during myocardial hibernation and atrial fibrillation: {Prelude} to apoptosis}, volume = {43}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 1999, European Society of Cardiology}, issn = {0008-6363, 1755-3245}, shorttitle = {Cardiomyocyte remodelling during myocardial hibernation and atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://cardiovascres.oxfordjournals.org/content/43/4/947}, doi = {10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00096-6}, abstract = {Objective: Similar structural changes in the myocardium can be observed in chronic hibernating myocardium and in myocardium taken from hearts suffering chronic atrial fibrillation. We investigated whether or not these changes are indicative of apoptosis. Methods: Myocardial biopsies from 28 strictly selected patients with chronic hibernating myocardium and heart samples from 13 goats with pacing-induced chronic atrial fibrillation were used. Special attention was paid to processing the tissues immediately (fixation/freezing) in order to prevent artificial degenerative changes, thereby excluding false positive identification of apoptosis. Infarcted areas or infarcted border zones were excluded from our study. Apoptosis was detected with light and electron microscopy and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end-labelling. Immunohistochemistry was used for detecting Bcl-2, P53 and PCNA-proteins associated with apoptosis/DNA damage. Results: The results obtained for chronic hibernating left ventricular myocardium were similar to those for chronic fibrillating atrial myocardium. No apoptotic nuclei, as characterised by extensive chromatin clumping, could be observed in normal or dedifferentiated cardiomyocytes under the electron microscope. The end-labelling assay did not reveal any cardiomyocytes with damaged DNA. Nor could we find any evidence of substantial expression of Bcl-2, P53 or PCNA, a result indicative of the absence of apoptotic threat or DNA damage. Conclusion: Cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, but not extensive degeneration through apoptosis, can be observed in chronic hibernating myocardium and chronic fibrillating atrium. Dedifferentiation may be the best way to survive prolonged exposure to the unfavourable conditions imposed by increased wall stress, a relative lowered oxygen environment, or both.}, language = {en}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Cardiovascular Research}, author = {Dispersyn, Gerrit D. and Ausma, Jannie and Thon{\'e}, Fred and Flameng, Willem and Vanoverschelde, Jean-Louis J. and Allessie, Maurits A. and Ramaekers, Frans C. S. and Borgers, Marcel}, month = sep, year = {1999}, pages = {947--957}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J9BH72RC/Dispersyn et al. - 1999 - Cardiomyocyte remodelling during myocardial hibern.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BF3MJRWR/947.html:text/html} } @article{ferket_systematic_2011, title = {Systematic review of guidelines on imaging of asymptomatic coronary artery disease}, volume = {57}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109711004104}, doi = {16/j.jacc.2010.10.055}, abstract = {Objectives The purpose of this study was to critically appraise guidelines on imaging of asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Background Various imaging tests exist to detect CAD in asymptomatic persons. Because randomized controlled trials are lacking, guidelines that address the use of CAD imaging tests may disagree. Methods Guidelines in English published between January 1, 2003, and February 26, 2010, were retrieved using MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, the National Guideline Clearinghouse, the National Library for Health, the Canadian Medication Association Infobase, and the Guidelines International Network International Guideline Library. Guidelines developed by national and international medical societies from Western countries, containing recommendations on imaging of asymptomatic CAD were included. Rigor of development was scored by 2 independent reviewers using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE) instrument. One reviewer performed full extraction of recommendations, which was checked by a second reviewer. Results Of 2,415 titles identified, 14 guidelines met our inclusion criteria. Eleven of 14 guidelines reported relationship with industry. The AGREE scores varied across guidelines from 21\% to 93\%. Two guidelines considered cost effectiveness. Eight guidelines recommended against or found insufficient evidence for testing of asymptomatic CAD. The other 6 guidelines recommended imaging patients at intermediate or high CAD risk based on the Framingham risk score, and 5 considered computed tomography calcium scoring useful for this purpose. Conclusions Guidelines on risk assessment by imaging of asymptomatic CAD contain conflicting recommendations. More research, including randomized controlled trials, evaluating the impact of imaging on clinical outcomes and costs is needed.}, number = {15}, urldate = {2011-06-10}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Ferket, Bart S. and Genders, Tessa S. S. and Colkesen, Ersen B. and Visser, Jacob J. and Spronk, Sandra and Steyerberg, Ewout W. and Hunink, M. G. Myriam}, month = apr, year = {2011}, keywords = {coronary artery disease, guidelines, imaging, screening, systematic review}, pages = {1591--1600}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SGUMRFPB/Ferket et al. - 2011 - Systematic Review of Guidelines on Imaging of Asym.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TKP7PF4X/S0735109711004104.html:text/html} } @misc{wikimedia_commons_wiggers_2011, title = {Wiggers diagram}, shorttitle = {English}, url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wiggers_Diagram.svg}, urldate = {2015-01-02}, author = {{Wikimedia Commons}}, month = nov, year = {2011}, biboverride = {Wikimedia Commons, \newblock ``{W}iggers diagram'' [image]. \newblock Accessed 2 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wiggers_Diagram.svg!, under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic license.}, file = {Wiggers_Diagram.png:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JIMXAD72/Wiggers_Diagram.png:image/png;Wiggers_Diagram.svg:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8AM6ZHPU/Wiggers_Diagram.svg:text/xml} } @article{reddy_visually-guided_2009, title = {Visually-guided balloon catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: {Experimental} feasibility and first-in-human multicenter clinical outcome}, volume = {120}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/120/1/12}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.840587}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} Electric isolation of the pulmonary veins (PVs) can successfully treat patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. However, it remains technically challenging to identify the left atrial{\textendash}PV junction and sequentially position the ablation catheter in a point-by-point contiguous fashion to isolate the PVs. In this study, a novel endoscopic ablation system was used to directly visualize and ablate tissue at the left atrial{\textendash}PV junction with laser energy. Methods and Results{\textemdash} This study consisted of 2 phases: a short-term (n=9) and long-term (n=11) canine experimental validation phase and a multicenter clinical feasibility phase (n=30 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients). After transseptal puncture, the balloon-based endoscopic ablation system was advanced to each PV ostium, and arcs of laser energy (90{\textdegree} to 360{\textdegree}) were projected onto the target left atrial{\textendash}PV junction. Electric PV isolation was defined with a circular multielectrode catheter. In the short-term preclinical experimental phase, 15 of 17 targeted PVs (88\%) were successfully isolated. Pathological examination revealed well-demarcated circumferential lesions with minimal endothelial disruption. In the long-term experiments, 9 of 10 targeted veins (90\%) remained persistently isolated (at 4 to 8 weeks). In the clinical phase, 105 of 116 PVs (91\%) were successfully isolated. After a single procedure, the 12-month drug-free rate of freedom from atrial fibrillation was 60\% (18 of 30 patients). There were no significant PV stenoses, but adverse events included 1 episode of cardiac tamponade, 1 stroke without residual defect, and 1 asymptomatic phrenic nerve palsy. Conclusion{\textemdash} This study establishes the feasibility of a novel paradigm for AF ablation: direct visualization to guide catheter ablation of the left atrial{\textendash}PV junction.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Reddy, Vivek Y. and Neuzil, Petr and Themistoclakis, Sakis and Danik, Stephan B. and Bonso, Aldo and Rossillo, Antonio and Raviele, Antonio and Schweikert, Robert and Ernst, Sabine and Kuck, Karl-Heinz and Natale, Andrea}, month = jul, year = {2009}, pmid = {19546385}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, lasers, Pulmonary Veins}, pages = {12--20}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RWQBW55X/Reddy et al. - 2009 - Visually-Guided Balloon Catheter Ablation of Atria.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RE3GEUG9/12.html:text/html} } @article{wijffels_atrial_1995, title = {Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation: {A} study in awake chronically instrumented goats}, volume = {92}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/92/7/1954}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.92.7.1954}, abstract = {Background In this study we tested the hypothesis that atrial fibrillation (AF) causes electrophysiological changes of the atrial myocardium which might explain the progressive nature of the arrhythmia. Methods and Results Twelve goats were chronically instrumented with multiple electrodes sutured to the epicardium of both atria. Two to 3 Weeks after implantation, the animals were connected to a fibrillation pacemaker which artificially maintained AF. Whereas during control episodes of AF were short lasting (6{\textpm}3 seconds), artificial maintenance of AF resulted in a progressive increase in the duration of AF to become sustained ({\textgreater}24 hours) after 7.1{\textpm}4.8 days (10 of 11 goats). During the first 24 hours of AF the median fibrillation interval shortened from 145{\textpm}18 to 108{\textpm}8 ms and the inducibility of AF by a single premature stimulus increased from 24\% to 76\%. The atrial effective refractory period (AERP) shortened from 146{\textpm}19 to 95{\textpm}20 ms (-35\%) (S1S1, 400 ms). At high pacing rates the shortening was less (-12\%), pointing to a reversion of the normal adaptation of the AERP to heart rate. In 5 goats, after 2 to 4 weeks of AF, sinus rhythm was restored and all electrophysiological changes were found to be reversible within 1 week. Conclusions Artificial maintenance of AF leads to a marked shortening of AERP, a reversion of its physiological rate adaptation, and an increase in rate, inducibility and stability of AF. All these changes were completely reversible within 1 week of sinus rhythm.}, language = {en}, number = {7}, urldate = {2014-08-28}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Wijffels, Maurits C. E. F. and Kirchhof, Charles J. H. J. and Dorland, Rick and Allessie, Maurits A.}, month = oct, year = {1995}, pmid = {7671380}, keywords = {atrium, fibrillation, remodeling, wavelength}, pages = {1954--1968}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BU25E99M/1954.html:text/html} } @article{takasuna_involvement_1996, title = {Involvement of beta-glucuronidase in intestinal microflora in the intestinal toxicity of the antitumor camptothecin derivative irinotecan hydrochloride ({CPT}-11) in rats}, volume = {56}, issn = {0008-5472 (Print)}, number = {16}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Takasuna, K. and Hagiwara, T. and Hirohashi, M. and Kato, M. and Nomura, M. and Nagai, E. and Yokoi, T. and Kamataki, T.}, year = {1996}, keywords = {Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*toxicity, Bacteria/*enzymology, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/toxicity, Diarrhea/chemically induced, Glucuronidase/*physiology, Intestines/*drug effects/microbiology, Male, Rats, Rats, Wistar}, pages = {3752--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TFESDTEV/Takasuna-1996-Involvement of beta-.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{chan_ischemic_2009, title = {Ischemic mitral regurgitation: {In} search of the best treatment for a common condition}, volume = {51}, issn = {1532-8643 (Electronic) 0033-0620 (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases}, author = {Chan, K. M. and Amirak, E. and Zakkar, M. and Flather, M. and Pepper, J. R. and Punjabi, P. P.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Coronary Artery Bypass, Heart Ventricles/pathology, Humans, Mitral Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology/*therapy, Mitral Valve/physiopathology, Myocardial Infarction/complications, Papillary Muscles/injuries, Severity of Illness Index, Ventricular Remodeling}, pages = {460--471}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QF3NE9TU/isch-mr.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{haines_dabigatran_2013, title = {Dabigatran versus warfarin anticoagulation before and after catheter ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {37}, issn = {1383-875X, 1572-8595}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10840-013-9800-z}, doi = {10.1007/s10840-013-9800-z}, abstract = {Background Systemic thromboembolism and bleeding remain the two most common and serious complications of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. A variety of periprocedure anticoagulation strategies have been proposed to mitigate these risks. Although operators are now routinely administering dabigatran for anticoagulation in this setting, its relative safety and effectiveness compared to warfarin are unknown. Methods and results A total of 202 patients received dabigatran as part of their periprocedural anticoagulation regimen at the time of initial or redo catheter ablation for symptomatic atrial fibrillation. A comparison group of 202 patients treated with warfarin was randomly selected from patients undergoing atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation during the same time period. AF types were paroxysmal in 223 patients, persistent in 158 patients, and longstanding persistent in 13 patients. Mean age was 60.0 {\textpm} 10.5 years, 55 \% had a history of hypertension, and mean CHADS-VASc score was 1.7 {\textpm} 1.3. {\textquotedblleft}Continuous{\textquotedblright} warfarin or dabigatran was administered in 80 and 32 \% of patients, respectively. Time to first dose of dabigatran post-procedure was 12.2 {\textpm} 10.3 h. Two dabigatran and no warfarin-treated patients had systemic thromboembolism (p = NS); five dabigatran and three warfarin-treated patients had bleeding complications (p = NS, combined endpoint p = 0.116). One dabigatran patient had severe pericardial bleeding (3 L blood loss). Conclusions In a retrospective pilot trial comparing the risks of systemic thromboembolism or bleeding complications in patients treated with warfarin or dabigatran anticoagulation, the outcomes were similar. A prospective trial is warranted.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-11-20}, journal = {Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology}, author = {Haines, David E. and Mead-Salley, Michelle and Salazar, Miguel and Marchlinski, Francis E. and Zado, Erica and Calkins, Hugh and Yarmohammadi, Hirad and Nademanee, Koonlawee and Amnueypol, Montawatt and Skanes, Allan C. and Saklani, Pradyot}, month = sep, year = {2013}, keywords = {Anticoagulation, Atrial Fibrillation, cardiology, Catheter Ablation, Dabigatran, Warfarin}, pages = {233--239}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WNXSK53H/Haines et al. - 2013 - Dabigatran versus warfarin anticoagulation before .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/A5DQBWAK/10.html:text/html} } @article{perez_ipython_2007, title = {{IPython}: {A} system for interactive scientific computing}, volume = {9}, issn = {1521-9615}, shorttitle = {{IPython}}, url = {http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/cise/9/3/10.1109/MCSE.2007.53}, doi = {10.1109/MCSE.2007.53}, abstract = {Python offers basic facilities for interactive work and a comprehensive library on top of which more sophisticated systems can be built. The IPython project provides an enhanced interactive environment that includes, among other features, support for data visualization and facilities for distributed and parallel computation.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-08-26}, journal = {Computing in Science \& Engineering}, author = {P{\'e}rez, Fernando and Granger, Brian E.}, month = may, year = {2007}, keywords = {Data visualization}, pages = {21--29}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EBI24N45/MCSE.2007.html:text/html} } @article{pierard_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271277}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Pierard, L. A.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, C-Reactive Protein/metabolism, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design, Risk, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use}, pages = {1040; author reply 1041--2} } @article{kugler_pediatric_2002, title = {Pediatric radiofrequency catheter ablation registry success, fluoroscopy time, and complication rate for supraventricular tachycardia: {Comparison} of early and recent eras}, volume = {13}, issn = {1045-3873}, shorttitle = {Pediatric {Radiofrequency} {Catheter} {Ablation} {Registry} {Success}, {Fluoroscopy} {Time}, and {Complication} {Rate} for {Supraventricular} {Tachycardia}}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00336.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00336.x}, number = {4}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Kugler, John D. and Danford, David A. and Houston, Kris A. and Felix, Gary}, month = apr, year = {2002}, pages = {336--341}, file = {j.1540-8167.2002.00336.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B94JMSTA/j.1540-8167.2002.00336.x.pdf:application/pdf;Pediatric Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Registry Success, Fluoroscopy Time, and Complication Rate for Supraventricular Tachycardia\: Comparison of Early and Recent Eras - KUGLER - 2003 - Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology - Wiley Online Library:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TZNMFJKP/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{yuen_robotic_2009, title = {Robotic motion compensation for beating heart intracardiac curgery}, volume = {28}, issn = {1741-3176}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20436927}, doi = {10.1177/0278364909104065}, abstract = {3D ultrasound imaging has enabled minimally invasive, beating heart intracardiac procedures. However, rapid heart motion poses a serious challenge to the surgeon that is compounded by significant time delays and noise in 3D ultrasound. This paper investigates the concept of using a one-degree-of-freedom motion compensation system to synchronize with tissue motions that may be approximated by 1D motion models. We characterize the motion of the mitral valve annulus and show that it is well approximated by a 1D model. The subsequent development of a motion compensation instrument (MCI) is described, as well as an extended Kalman filter (EKF) that compensates for system delays. The benefits and robustness of motion compensation are tested in user trials under a series of non-ideal tracking conditions. Results indicate that the MCI provides an approximately 50\% increase in dexterity and 50\% decrease in force when compared with a solid tool, but is sensitive to time delays. We demonstrate that the use of the EKF for delay compensation restores performance, even in situations of high heart rate variability. The resulting system is tested in an in vitro 3D ultrasound-guided servoing task, yielding accurate tracking (1.15 mm root mean square) in the presence of noisy, time-delayed 3D ultrasound measurements.}, number = {10}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {The International Journal of Robotics Research}, author = {Yuen, Shelten G. and Kettler, Daniel T. and Novotny, Paul M. and Plowes, Richard D. and Howe, Robert D.}, month = oct, year = {2009}, pmid = {20436927}, pages = {1355--1372} } @article{aime_biodistribution_2009, title = {Biodistribution of gadolinium-based contrast agents, including gadolinium deposition}, volume = {30}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, issn = {1522-2586}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmri.21969/abstract}, doi = {10.1002/jmri.21969}, abstract = {The biodistribution of approved gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) is reviewed. After intravenous injection GBCAs distribute in the blood and the extracellular space and transiently through the excretory organs. Preclinical animal studies and the available clinical literature indicate that all these compounds are excreted intact. Elimination tends to be rapid and, for the most part, complete. In renally insufficient patients the plasma elimination half-life increases substantially from hours to days depending on renal function. In patients with impaired renal function and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), the agents gadodiamide, gadoversetamide, and gadopentetate dimeglumine have been shown to result in Gd deposition in the skin and internal organs. In these cases, it is likely that the Gd is no longer present as the GBCA, but this has still not been definitively shown. In preclinical models very small amounts of Gd are retained in the bone and liver, and the amount retained correlates with the kinetic and thermodynamic stability of the GBCA with respect to Gd release in vitro. The pattern of residual Gd deposition in NSF subjects may be different than that observed in preclinical rodent models. GBCAs are designed to be used via intravenous administration. Altering the route of administration and/or the formulation of the GBCA can dramatically alter the biodistribution of the GBCA and can increase the likelihood of Gd deposition. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1259{\textendash}1267. {\textcopyright} 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, author = {Aime, Silvio and Caravan, Peter}, year = {2009}, keywords = {biodistribution, gadolinium, MRI, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, retention}, pages = {1259--1267}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TS68E8UZ/abstract.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{galluzzo_gpu_2012, address = {Dresden, Germany}, title = {A {GPU} level-set segmentation framework for 3D echocardiography}, doi = {10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0661}, abstract = {Real-time 3D Echocardiography (RT3DE), providing truly volumetric images of the heart, is a promising imaging modality for cardiac morphology and function assessment. Fast and automatic segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) is essential to enable an efficient quantitative analysis of these 3D data. Recently, we proposed a GPU implementation of the Level-Set (LS) Sparse Field algorithm for 3D image segmentation which combines high computational efficiency and flexibility in the interface evolution. In this work, we make our GPU LS solver able to deal with strongly inhomogeneous images such as the myocardial wall in RT3DE. The applicability of our method in clinical environment was evaluated by measuring LV volumetric parameters on 23 RT3DE exams, and comparing them with reference values from manual contouring. Results show the effectiveness of our framework in performing accurate LV myocardium segmentation in RT3DE near real-time.}, booktitle = {2012 {IEEE} {International} {Ultrasonics} {Symposium}}, author = {Galluzzo, F. and Barbosa, D. and Houle, H. and Speciale, N. and Friboulet, D. and D'hooge, J. and Bernard, O.}, month = oct, year = {2012}, keywords = {3D image segmentation, automatic segmentation, cardiac function assessment, cardiac morphology, Echocardiography, GPU level set segmentation framework, Graphics processing units, Heart, image segmentation, Instruction sets, Left ventricle, LS Sparse Field algorithm, Manuals, medical image processing, Myocardium, real time 3D echocardiography, Real-time systems, RT3DE technique, Ultrasonic imaging, volumetric images}, pages = {2639--2642}, file = {06562462.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QT3PGM4F/06562462.pdf:application/pdf;IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/E953S4CQ/abs_all.html:text/html} } @article{devereaux_effects_2008, title = {Effects of extended-release metoprolol succinate in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery ({POISE} trial): a randomised controlled trial}, volume = {371}, issn = {1474-547X (Electronic) 0140-6736 (Linking)}, number = {9627}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Devereaux, P. J. and Yang, H. and Yusuf, S. and Guyatt, G. and Leslie, K. and Villar, J. C. and Xavier, D. and Chrolavicius, S. and Greenspan, L. and Pogue, J. and Pais, P. and Liu, L. and Xu, S. and Malaga, G. and Avezum, A. and Chan, M. and Montori, V. M. and Jacka, M. and Choi, P.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/adverse effects/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Aged, Blood Pressure/drug effects, Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality/*prevention \& control, Delayed-Action Preparations, Female, Humans, Intraoperative Complications/*prevention \& control, Male, Metoprolol/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic, Middle Aged, Perioperative Care/*methods, Preoperative Care/*methods, Risk Factors, use}, pages = {1839--47} } @article{lidegaard_hormonal_2014, title = {Hormonal contraception, thrombosis and age}, volume = {13}, issn = {1474-0338}, url = {http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1517/14740338.2014.950654}, doi = {10.1517/14740338.2014.950654}, abstract = {Introduction: This paper reviews the risk of thrombosis with use of different types of hormonal contraception in women of different ages.Areas covered: Combined hormonal contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone or cyproterone acetate (high-risk products) confer a sixfold increased risk of venous thromboembolism as compared with nonusers, and about twice the risk as compared with users of products with norethisterone, levonorgestrel or norgestimate (low-risk products). Transdermal patches and vaginal ring belong to high-risk products. The risk of thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction is increased 50 {\textendash} 100\% with use of combined products, with little difference in risk between different progestins. Progestin-only products do not confer any increased risk of venous or arterial thrombosis, except for progestin depot, which may double the risk of venous thrombosis.Expert opinion: First choice in women below 35 years should be a combined low-risk pill, that is, with a second-generation progestin, with the lowest compliable dose of estrogen. Young women with risk factors of thrombosis such as age above 35 years, genetic predispositions, adiposity, polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes, smoking, hypertension or migraine with aura should not use high-risk products, but should primarily consider progestin-only products, and be careful to use low-risk combined products.}, number = {10}, urldate = {2014-10-16}, journal = {Expert Opinion on Drug Safety}, author = {Lidegaard, {\O}jvind}, month = sep, year = {2014}, pages = {1353--1360}, file = {document (1).pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q3AVBQ5D/document (1).pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4DVWPVK3/14740338.2014.html:text/html} } @article{_rheumatic_2004, title = {Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease}, volume = {923}, issn = {0512-3054 (Print) 0512-3054 (Linking)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15382606}, journal = {World Health Organization Technical Report Service}, year = {2004}, keywords = {*Rheumatic Fever/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology/therapy, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, Echocardiography, Doppler, Endocarditis/diagnosis/therapy, Heart Valve Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology/*microbiology/therapy, Humans, Rheumatic Heart Disease/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy, Streptococcus pyogenes/isolation \& purification}, pages = {1--122} } @article{green_selection_2009, title = {Selection criteria for residency: {Results} of a national program directors survey}, volume = {84}, issn = {1938-808X (Electronic) 1040-2446 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Academic Medicine}, author = {Green, M. and Jones, P. and Thomas, J. X.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Education, Medical, *Education, Medical, Graduate, *Internship and Residency, *School Admission Criteria, *Specialization, Clinical Competence, Humans, Physician Executives, Questionnaires, United States}, pages = {362--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WU9ZC7TG/Selection_Criteria_for_Residency__Results_of_a.24.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{han_value_2013, title = {Value of magnetic resonance imaging in guiding atrial fibrillation management}, volume = {29}, issn = {0828-282X}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0828282X13011501}, doi = {10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.679}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice today. Until recently, the therapeutic approaches for AF have been limited by imperfect risk prediction models and suboptimal approaches for AF ablation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of left atrial (LA) fibrosis and correlation of these structural remodelling changes to outcomes of stroke, AF recurrence, and congestive heart failure have provided us with information to optimize the care of our patients with AF based on screening for fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy, for which AF is the arrhythmic manifestation. These data allow us to bring these new imaging modalities to the forefront of AF management and the delivery of personalized medicine. Future developments promise to improve the outcomes and safety for AF and fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy.}, number = {10}, urldate = {2014-08-22}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Han, Frederick T. and Akoum, Nazem and Marrouche, Nassir}, month = oct, year = {2013}, pages = {1194--1202}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7N5598UT/Han et al. - 2013 - Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Guiding Atr.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SVFM44RX/S0828282X13011501.html:text/html} } @article{lin_combinative_2003, series = {Medical {Image} {Computing} and {Computer} {Assisted} {Intervention}}, title = {Combinative multi-scale level set framework for echocardiographic image segmentation}, volume = {7}, issn = {1361-8415}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841503000355}, doi = {10.1016/S1361-8415(03)00035-5}, abstract = {In the automatic segmentation of echocardiographic images, a priori shape knowledge has been used to compensate for poor features in ultrasound images. This shape knowledge is often learned via an off-line training process, which requires tedious human effort and is highly expertise-dependent. More importantly, a learned shape template can only be used to segment a specific class of images with similar boundary shape. In this paper, we present a multi-scale level set framework for segmentation of endocardial boundaries at each frame in a multiframe echocardiographic image sequence. We point out that the intensity distribution of an ultrasound image at a very coarse scale can be approximately modeled by Gaussian. Then we combine region homogeneity and edge features in a level set approach to extract boundaries automatically at this coarse scale. At finer scale levels, these coarse boundaries are used to both initialize boundary detection and serve as an external constraint to guide contour evolution. This constraint functions similar to a traditional shape prior. Experimental results validate this combinative framework.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Lin, Ning and Yu, Weichuan and Duncan, James S.}, month = dec, year = {2003}, keywords = {Echocardiographic image, Multi-scale level set framework, Segmentation}, pages = {529--537}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z276D6GT/Lin et al. - 2003 - Combinative multi-scale level set framework for ec.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QR5BG59G/S1361841503000355.html:text/html} } @article{flamm_image_2010, title = {Image fusion: is it merely the blending of pretty pictures?}, volume = {3}, issn = {1876-7591 (Electronic)}, number = {9}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Flamm, S. D. and Cheong, B. Y.}, year = {2010}, pages = {931--3}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VMV5Q5WM/Fusion-ed2.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dworkin_pharmacologic_2007, title = {Pharmacologic management of neuropathic pain: {Evidence}-based recommendations}, volume = {132}, issn = {1872-6623 (Electronic) 0304-3959 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Pain}, author = {Dworkin, R. H. and O'Connor, A. B. and Backonja, M. and Farrar, J. T. and Finnerup, N. B. and Jensen, T. S. and Kalso, E. A. and Loeser, J. D. and Miaskowski, C. and Nurmikko, T. J. and Portenoy, R. K. and Rice, A. S. and Stacey, B. R. and Treede, R. D. and Turk, D. C. and Wallace, M. S.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Health Planning Guidelines, Animals, Evidence-Based Medicine/*methods/*standards, Humans, Neuralgia/*drug therapy/metabolism/physiopathology, Pain/drug therapy/metabolism/physiopathology}, pages = {237--51}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C7Q4CX27/NeuropathPain.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{de_felipe_altered_1998, title = {Altered nociception, analgesia and aggression in mice lacking the receptor for substance {P}}, volume = {392}, issn = {0028-0836 (Print)}, number = {6674}, journal = {Nature}, author = {De Felipe, C. and Herrero, J. F. and O'Brien, J. A. and Palmer, J. A. and Doyle, C. A. and Smith, A. J. and Laird, J. M. and Belmonte, C. and Cervero, F. and Hunt, S. P.}, year = {1998}, keywords = {*Aggression, *Analgesia, *Pain, Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology, Animals, Electric Stimulation, Electromyography, Female, Formaldehyde/pharmacology, Gene Targeting, Hyperalgesia/etiology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Morphine/pharmacology, Mutagenesis, Neuritis/chemically induced/physiopathology, Pain Threshold, Physical Stimulation, Receptors, Neurokinin-1/deficiency/genetics/*physiology, Stress, Physiological/physiopathology, Substance P/*physiology}, pages = {394--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/82SW2254/De Felipe-1998-Altered nociception.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{skalski_level_2009, title = {Level set based automatic segmentation of ultrasound echocardiographic images}, abstract = {In the paper novel application of the level set method to heart .segmentation in ultrasound echocardiography is addressed. In the presented approach region of interest of the ultrasound image is calculated by means of Hough transform and speckle noise is reduced by anisotropic diffusion filter. The method is initially validated on USG-like simulated noisy images.}, booktitle = {Signal {Processing} {Algorithms}, {Architectures}, {Arrangements}, and {Applications} {Conference} {Proceedings}}, author = {Skalski, A. and Zielinski, T. and Turcza, P.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {anisotropic diffusion filter, Echocardiography, Hough transform, Hough transforms, image segmentation, Lead, level set based automatic segmentation, medical image processing, speckle noise, ultrasound echocardiography images, USG like simulated noisy images}, pages = {52--56}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NCZP3NFJ/abs_all.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WKHT6857/Skalski et al. - 2009 - Level set based automatic segmentation of ultrasou.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gerber_ionizing_2009, title = {Ionizing radiation in cardiac imaging}, volume = {119}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/119/7/1056}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191650}, language = {en}, number = {7}, urldate = {2014-12-20}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Gerber, Thomas C. and Carr, J. Jeffrey and Arai, Andrew E. and Dixon, Robert L. and Ferrari, Victor A. and Gomes, Antoinette S. and Heller, Gary V. and McCollough, Cynthia H. and McNitt-Gray, Michael F. and Mettler, Fred A. and Mieres, Jennifer H. and Morin, Richard L. and Yester, Michael V.}, month = feb, year = {2009}, pmid = {19188512}, pages = {1056--1065}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EFVXWHRK/Gerber et al. - 2009 - Ionizing Radiation in Cardiac Imaging A Science Ad.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S8IWQZBU/1056.html:text/html} } @article{shpun_guidance_1997, title = {Guidance of radiofrequency endocardial ablation with real-time three-dimensional magnetic navigation system}, volume = {96}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/96/6/2016}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.96.6.2016}, abstract = {Background Ablation therapy for certain arrhythmias requires the formation of complex lesions based on electrical and anatomic mapping. We tested the accuracy and reproducibility of a nonfluoroscopic mapping and navigation (NFM) system to guide delivery of radiofrequency (RF) energy in the right atrium (RA) of swine. Methods and Results The NFM system uses an ultralow magnetic field to measure the real-time three-dimensional (3D) location of the tip of the locatable catheter. While in stable contact with the endocardium, between 30 and 40 consecutive tip locations were sampled and used for the 3D reconstruction of the RA geometry. The location of the catheter tip was presented in real time, superimposed over the RA geometry. We selected a point on the 3D reconstruction and delivered RF energy to that site via the tip of the locatable catheter. The catheter was then completely withdrawn and renavigated twice to the same point, at which RF energy was delivered again. At autopsy, the distance between the centers of the three ablation points (mean{\textpm}SEM) was 2.3{\textpm}0.5 mm (n=27). Similarly, we used the NFM system to guide the generation of linear lesions. The measured length of the linear lesions on the NFM 3D view was close to the actual lesion length measured at autopsy (correlation coefficient, .96; P=.002; n=6). Furthermore, the location, shape, and continuity of the linear lesions corresponded to the autopsy findings. Conclusions We conclude that the NFM system can guide the application of RF energy without the use of fluoroscopy in a highly accurate and reproducible manner.}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Shpun, Shlomo and Gepstein, Lior and Hayam, Gal and Ben-Haim, Shlomo A.}, month = sep, year = {1997}, pmid = {9323094}, keywords = {arrhythmia, Catheter Ablation, electrophysiology, mapping}, pages = {2016--2021}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5IFURNSB/2016.html:text/html} } @article{oakes_detection_2009, title = {Detection and quantification of left atrial structural remodeling with delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging in patients with atrial fibrillation}, volume = {119}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/119/13/1758}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.811877}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with diffuse left atrial fibrosis and a reduction in endocardial voltage. These changes are indicators of AF severity and appear to be predictors of treatment outcome. In this study, we report the utility of delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) in detecting abnormal atrial tissue before radiofrequency ablation and in predicting procedural outcome. Methods and Results{\textemdash} Eighty-one patients presenting for pulmonary vein antrum isolation for treatment of AF underwent 3-dimensional DE-MRI of the left atrium before the ablation. Six healthy volunteers also were scanned. DE-MRI images were manually segmented to isolate the left atrium, and custom software was implemented to quantify the spatial extent of delayed enhancement, which was then compared with the regions of low voltage from electroanatomic maps from the pulmonary vein antrum isolation procedure. Patients were assessed for AF recurrence at least 6 months after pulmonary vein antrum isolation, with an average follow-up of 9.6{\textpm}3.7 months (range, 6 to 19 months). On the basis of the extent of preablation enhancement, 43 patients were classified as having minimal enhancement (average enhancement, 8.0{\textpm}4.2\%), 30 as having moderate enhancement (21.3{\textpm}5.8\%), and 8 as having extensive enhancement (50.1{\textpm}15.4\%). The rate of AF recurrence was 6 patients (14.0\%) with minimal enhancement, 13 (43.3\%) with moderate enhancement, and 6 (75\%) with extensive enhancement (P{\textless}0.001). Conclusions{\textemdash} DE-MRI provides a noninvasive means of assessing left atrial myocardial tissue in patients suffering from AF and might provide insight into the progress of the disease. Preablation DE-MRI holds promise for predicting responders to AF ablation and may provide a metric of overall disease progression.}, language = {en}, number = {13}, urldate = {2013-04-22}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Oakes, Robert S. and Badger, Troy J. and Kholmovski, Eugene G. and Akoum, Nazem and Burgon, Nathan S. and Fish, Eric N. and Blauer, Joshua J. E. and Rao, Swati N. and DiBella, Edward V. R. and Segerson, Nathan M. and Daccarett, Marcos and Windfelder, Jessiciah and McGann, Christopher J. and Parker, Dennis and MacLeod, Rob S. and Marrouche, Nassir F.}, month = apr, year = {2009}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, imaging, remodeling}, pages = {1758--1767}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T8334HTN/Oakes et al. - 2009 - Detection and Quantification of Left Atrial Struct.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5PGB4X7R/1758.html:text/html} } @article{fenelon_tachycardiomyopathy_1996, title = {Tachycardiomyopathy: {Mechanisms} and clinical implications}, volume = {19}, issn = {0147-8389}, shorttitle = {Tachycardiomyopathy}, language = {eng}, number = {1}, journal = {Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology}, author = {Fenelon, G. and Wijns, W. and Andries, E. and Brugada, P.}, month = jan, year = {1996}, pmid = {8848384}, keywords = {Animals, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, Chronic Disease, Heart Conduction System, Humans, Tachycardia, Supraventricular, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Ventricular Function, Left}, pages = {95--106}, file = {j.1540-8159.1996.tb04796.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/P8R3D3GS/j.1540-8159.1996.tb04796.x.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{brignole_2013_2013, title = {2013 {ESC} {Guidelines} on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy}, volume = {15}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} The European Society of Cardiology 2013. All rights reserved. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.}, issn = {1099-5129, 1532-2092}, url = {http://europace.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/8/1070}, doi = {10.1093/europace/eut206}, language = {en}, number = {8}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {Europace}, author = {Brignole, Michele and Auricchio, Angelo and Baron-Esquivias, Gonzalo and Bordachar, Pierre and Boriani, Giuseppe and Breithardt, Ole-A. and Cleland, John and Deharo, Jean-Claude and Delgado, Victoria and Elliott, Perry M. and Gorenek, Bulent and Israel, Carsten W. and Leclercq, Christophe and Linde, Cecilia and Mont, Llu{\'i}s and Padeletti, Luigi and Sutton, Richard and Vardas, Panos E.}, month = aug, year = {2013}, pmid = {23801827}, note = {\#\#\# Abbreviations 1st AV : First-degree atrioventricular block AF : atrial fibrillation AT : atrial tachyarrhythmia ATP : Anti-tachycardia pacing AV : atrioventricular BBB : bundle branch block CHF : congestive heart failure CI : confidence interval CPG : Committee for Practice Guidelines CRT : cardiac resynchronization therapy CRT-D : cardiac resynchronization therapy and defibrillator CRT-P : cardiac resynchronization therapy and pacemaker ECG : electrocardiogram EDMD : Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy EF : ejection fraction EPS : electrophysiological study ESC : European Society of Cardiology HCM : hypertrophic cardiomyopathy HF : heart failure HR : hazard ratio HV : His-ventricular ICD : implantable cardioverter defibrillator ILR : implantable loop recorder IVCD : intraventricular conduction delay LBBB : left bundle branch block LQTS : long QT syndrome LV : left ventricular LVEF : left ventricular ejection fraction LVSD : left ventricular systolic dysfunction MR : mitral regurgitation MRI : magnetic resonance imaging NYHA : New York Heart Association PM : pacemaker OR : odds ratio QALY : quality-adjusted life year RBBB : right bundle branch block RCT : randomized controlled trial RV : right ventricular SB : sinus bradycardia SNRT : sinus node recovery time SR : sinus rhythm SSS : sick sinus syndrome TAVI : transcatheter aortic valve implantation VF : ventricular fibrillation VT : ventricular tachycardia VV : interventricular (delay) \#\#\# Acronyms of the trials referenced in the recommendations or reported in the tables ADEPT : ADvanced Elements of Pacing Randomized Controlled Trial ADOPT : Atrial Dynamic Overdrive Pacing Trial AOPS : Atrial Overdrive Pacing Study APAF : Ablate and Pace in Atrial Fibrillation ASSERT : ASymptomatic Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke Evaluation in Pacemaker Patients and the Atrial Fibrillation Reduction Atrial Pacing Trial ATTEST : ATrial Therapy Efficacy and Safety Trial AVAIL CLS/CRT : AV Node Ablation with CLS and CRT Pacing Therapies for Treatment of AF trial B4 : Bradycardia detection in Bundle Branch Block BELIEVE : Bi vs. Left Ventricular Pacing: an International Pilot Evaluation on Heart Failure Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias BIOPACE : Biventricular pacing for atrioventricular block to prevent cardiac desynchronization BLOCK-HF : Biventricular versus right ventricular pacing in patients with AV block B-LEFT : Biventricular versus LEFT Univentricular Pacing with ICD Back-up in Heart Failure Patients CARE-HF : CArdiac REsynchronization in Heart Failure CLEAR : CLinical Evaluation on Advanced Resynchronization COMBAT : COnventional vs. Biventricular Pacing in Heart Failure and Bradyarrhythmia COMPANION : COmparison of Medical Therapy, Pacing and Defibrillation in Heart Failure DANPACE : DANish Multicenter Randomized Trial on Single Lead Atrial PACing vs. Dual Chamber Pacing in Sick Sinus Syndrome DECREASE-HF : The Device Evaluation of CONTAK RENEWAL 2 and EASYTRAK 2: Assessment of Safety and Effectiveness in Heart Failure FREEDOM : Optimization Study Using the QuickOpt Method GREATER-EARTH : Evaluation of Resynchronization Therapy for Heart Failure in Patients with a QRS Duration GREATER Than 120 ms LESSER-EARTH : Evaluation of Resynchronization Therapy for Heart Failure in Patients with a QRS Duration Lower Than 120 ms HOBIPACE : HOmburg BIventricular PACing Evaluation IN-CHF : Italian Network on Congestive Heart Failure ISSUE : International Study on Syncope of Unexplained Etiology MADIT : Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Trial MIRACLE : Multicenter InSync RAndomized CLinical Evaluation MOST : MOde Selection Trial in Sinus-Node Dysfunction MUSTIC : MUltisite STimulation In Cardiomyopathies OPSITE : Optimal Pacing SITE PACE : Pacing to Avoid Cardiac Enlargement PAVE : Left Ventricular-Based Cardiac Stimulation Post AV Nodal Ablation Evaluation PATH-CHF : PAcing THerapies in Congestive Heart Failure II Study Group PIPAF : Pacing In Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Study PIRAT : Prevention of Immediate Reinitiation of Atrial Tachyarrhythmias POT : Prevention Or Termination Study PREVENT-HF : PREventing VENTricular Dysfunction in Pacemaker Patients Without Advanced Heart Failure PROSPECT : PRedictors Of Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy RAFT : Resynchronization{\textendash}Defibrillation for Ambulatory Heart Failure Trial RethinQ : Cardiac REsynchronization THerapy IN Patients with Heart Failure and Narrow QRS REVERSE : REsynchronization reVErses Remodelling in Systolic left vEntricular dysfunction SAFARI : Study of Atrial Fibrillation Reduction SCD HeFT : Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial SMART-AV : The SMARTDelay Determined AV Optimization: a Comparison with Other AV Delay Methods Used in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy SYDIT : The SYncope DIagnosis and Treatment SYNPACE : Vasovagal SYNcope and PACing TARGET : TARgeted Left Ventricular Lead Placement to Guide Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy THEOPACE : Effects of Oral THEOphylline and of Permanent PACEmaker on the Symptoms and Complications of Sick Sinus Syndrome VASIS-PM : VAsovagal Syncope International Study on PaceMaker therapy V-HeFT : Vasodilator in HEart Failure Trial VPSII : Second Vasovagal Pacemaker Study (VPS II) Additional references are mentioned with {\textquoteleft}w{\textquoteright} in the main text and can be found on the online addenda along with 5 figures (1, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12) and 10 tables (3, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 19, 21, 22, 23). They are available on the ESC website only at http://www.escardio.org/guidelines-surveys/esc-guidelines/Pages/cardiac-pacing-and-cardiac-resynchronisation-therapy.aspx Guidelines summarize and evaluate all available evidence, at the time of the writing process, on a particular issue, with the {\textellipsis}}, pages = {1070--1118}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ICN2AREB/Members et al. - 2013 - 2013 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HMU3NJQ5/1070.html:text/html} } @article{nayak_real-time_2004, title = {Real-time cardiac {MRI} at 3 tesla}, volume = {51}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, issn = {1522-2594}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mrm.20053/abstract}, doi = {10.1002/mrm.20053}, abstract = {Real-time cardiac and coronary MRI at 1.5T is relatively {\textquotedblleft}signal starved{\textquotedblright} and the 3T platform is attractive for its immediate factor of two increase in magnetization. Cardiac imaging at 3T, however, is both subtly and significantly different from imaging at 1.5T because of increased susceptibility artifacts, differences in tissue relaxation, and RF homogeneity issues. New RF excitation and pulse sequence designs are presented which deal with the fat-suppression requirements and off-resonance issues at 3T. Real-time cardiac imaging at 3T is demonstrated with high blood SNR, blood-myocardium CNR, resolution, and image quality, using new spectral-spatial RF pulses and fast spiral gradient echo pulse sequences. The proposed sequence achieves 1.5 mm in-plane resolution over a 20 cm FOV, with a 5.52 mm measured slice thickness and 32 dB of lipid suppression. Complete images are acquired every 120 ms and are reconstructed and displayed at 24 frames/sec using a sliding window. Results from healthy volunteers show improved image quality, a 53\% improvement in blood SNR efficiency, and a 232\% improvement in blood-myocardium CNR efficiency compared to 1.5T. Magn Reson Med 51:655{\textendash}660, 2004. {\textcopyright} 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, language = {en}, number = {4}, urldate = {2015-04-25}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Nayak, Krishna S. and Cunningham, Charles H. and Santos, Juan M. and Pauly, John M.}, month = apr, year = {2004}, keywords = {cardiac imaging, high field, real-time MRI, spectral-spatial excitation, spirals}, pages = {655--660}, file = {Nayak_et_al-2004-Magnetic_Resonance_in_Medicine.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DKIANIDR/Nayak_et_al-2004-Magnetic_Resonance_in_Medicine.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M66ZTQ9P/full.html:text/html} } @article{verma_left_2013, title = {Left atrial appendage and thromboembolism: {Shape} matters}, volume = {10}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Left atrial appendage and thromboembolism}, url = {http://www.heartrhythmjournal.com/article/S1547527113001586/abstract}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.02.015}, language = {English}, number = {6}, urldate = {2015-01-02}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Verma, Sumit}, month = jun, year = {2013}, pages = {926--927}, file = {1-s2.0-S1547527113001586-main.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KHX6K5XX/1-s2.0-S1547527113001586-main.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/A2ID4QGJ/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{verma_pre-existent_2005, title = {Pre-existent left atrial scarring in patients undergoing pulmonary vein antrum isolation: {An} independent predictor of procedural failure}, volume = {45}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2004.10.035}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2004.10.035}, abstract = {Objectives~ The goal of this study was to assess the impact of left atrial scarring (LAS) on the outcome of patients undergoing pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI) for atrial fibrillation (AF).Background Left atrial scarring may be responsible for both the perpetuation and genesis of AF.Methods A total of 700 consecutive patients undergoing first-time PVAI were studied. Before ablation, extensive voltage mapping of the left atrium (LA) was performed using a multipolar Lasso catheter guided by intracardiac echocardiography (ICE). Patients with LAS were defined by a complete absence of electrographic recording by a circular mapping catheter in multiple LA locations, and this was validated by electroanatomic mapping. All four pulmonary vein antra and the superior vena cava were isolated using an ICE-guided technique. Patients were followed at least nine months for late AF recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the predictive value of LAS and other variables on outcome.Results Of 700 patients, 42 had LAS, which represented 21 {\textpm} 11\% of the LA surface area by electroanatomic mapping. Patients with LAS had a significantly higher AF recurrence (57\%) compared with non-LAS patients (19\%, p = 0.003). Also, LAS was associated with a significantly larger LA size, lower ejection fraction, and higher C-reactive protein levels. Univariate analysis revealed age, nonparoxysmal AF, and LAS as predictors of recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed LAS as the only independent predictor of recurrence (hazard ratio 3.4, 95\% confidence interval 1.3 to 9.4; p = 0.01).Conclusions Pre-existent LAS in patients undergoing PVAI for AF is a powerful, independent predictor of procedural failure. Left atrial scarring is associated with a lower EF, larger LA size, and increased inflammatory markers.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Verma, Atul and Wazni, Oussama M. and Marrouche, Nassir F. and Martin, David O. and Kilicaslan, Fethi and Minor, Stephen and Schweikert, Robert A. and Saliba, Walid and Cummings, Jennifer and Burkhardt, J. David and Bhargava, Mandeep and Belden, William A. and Abdul-Karim, Ahmad and Natale, Andrea}, month = jan, year = {2005}, keywords = {angiosarcoma associated with lymphedema, Atrial Fibrillation, cicatrization, left atrial structure, Pulmonary Veins}, pages = {285--292}, file = {10035.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PXW3KURN/10035.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{gagliardi_cardiac_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Cardiac radiology}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Abrams, Herbert L.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {255--269}, file = {RCI_D_c10.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7JARNGE5/RCI_D_c10.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kapa_contact_2014, title = {Contact electroanatomic mapping derived voltage criteria for characterizing left atrial scar in patients undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation}, volume = {25}, issn = {1540-8167}, doi = {10.1111/jce.12452}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Criteria have not been established for identifying LA scar using electroanatomic mapping (EAM). It is also unclear if voltage criteria using EAM may assist in identifying areas of pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection in patients undergoing repeat AF ablation. OBJECTIVES: To characterize left atrial (LA) voltage in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. METHODS: An LA shell was created and bipolar voltage amplitude (in mV) at each point was measured. The shell was divided into 8 regions. Bipolar voltage values lower than the amplitude of 95\% of sampled points was used as the upper cutoff value. Delayed enhancement (DE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) sequences were performed to validate voltage cutoffs. RESULTS: Twenty patients participated. A mean of 141 {\textpm} 12 points constituted the LA map that was created during sinus rhythm (SR). In patients undergoing initial AF ablation, mean bipolar LA voltage was 1.44 {\textpm} 1.27 mV. In patients undergoing repeat AF ablation, scar along the posterior wall and LA-PV junction was identified using a voltage cutoff {\textless}0.2 mV, whereas a cutoff {\textless}0.45 mV best identified scar at other locations. This voltage range (0.2-0.45 mV) was useful to identify areas of reconnection around the PVs. On DE CMRI, a bipolar voltage cutoff of 0.27 mV performed best for delineating scar (sensitivity: 90\%, specificity: 83\%). CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing AF ablation, EAM derived LA bipolar voltage shows regional variation. For maps acquired during SR, a voltage range of 0.2-0.45 mV can accurately demarcate LA scar distribution. This can be helpful in identifying PV reconnection in patients undergoing repeat AF ablation.}, language = {ENG}, number = {10}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Kapa, Suraj and Desjardins, Benoit and Callans, David J. and Marchlinski, Francis E. and Dixit, Sanjay}, month = may, year = {2014}, pmid = {24832482}, pages = {1044--1052}, file = {jce12452.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/77ZUTP8P/jce12452.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{baks_multislice_2006, title = {Multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of reperfused acute myocardial infarction}, volume = {48}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109706009715}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2006.02.059}, abstract = {Objectives We evaluated the accuracy of in vivo delayed-enhancement multislice computed tomography (DE-MSCT) and delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) for the assessment of myocardial infarct size using postmortem triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) pathology as standard of reference. Background The diagnostic value of DE-MSCT for the assessment of acute reperfused myocardial infarction is currently unclear. Methods In 10 domestic pigs (25 to 30 kg), the circumflex coronary artery was balloon-occluded for 2 h followed by reperfusion. After 5 days (3 to 7 days), DE-MRI (1.5-T) was performed 15 min after administration of 0.2 mmol/kg gadolinium-DTPA using an inversion recovery gradient echo technique. On the same day, DE-MSCT (64-slice) was performed 15 min after administration of 1 gI/kg of iodinated contrast material. One day after imaging, hearts were excised, sectioned in 8 mm short-axis slices, and stained with TTC. Infarct size was defined as the hyperenhanced area on DE-MSCT and DE-MRI images and the TTC-negative area on TTC pathology slices. Infarct size was expressed as percentage of total slice area. Results Infarct size determined by DE-MSCT and DE-MRI showed a good correlation with infarct size assessed with TTC pathology (R2 = 0.96 [p \< 0.001] and R2 = 0.93 [p \< 0.001], respectively). The correlation between DE-MSCT and DE-MRI was also good (R2 = 0.96; p \< 0.001). The relative difference in CT attenuation value of infarcted myocardium compared to remote myocardium was 191 {\textpm} 18\%. The relative MR signal intensity between infarcted myocardium and remote myocardium was 554 {\textpm} 156\%. Conclusions We demonstrated that DE-MSCT can assess acute reperfused myocardial infarction in good agreement with in vivo DE-MRI and TTC pathology.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Baks, Timo and Cademartiri, Filippo and Moelker, Amber D. and Weustink, Annick C. and van Geuns, Robert-Jan and Mollet, Nico R. and Krestin, Gabriel P. and Duncker, Dirk J. and de Feyter, Pim J.}, month = jul, year = {2006}, pages = {144--152}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/77N8EGXJ/Baks et al. - 2006 - Multislice Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resona.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KSV42JEM/S0735109706009715.html:text/html} } @article{detrano_international_1989, title = {International application of a new probability algorithm for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease}, volume = {64}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0002914989905249}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(89)90524-9}, abstract = {A new discriminant function model for estimating probabilities of angiographic coronary disease was tested for reliability and clinical utility in 3 patient test groups. This model, derived from the clinical and noninvasive test results of 303 patients under-going angiography at the Cleveland Clink in Cleveland, Ohio, was applied to a group of 425 patients undergoing angiography at the Hungarian Institute of Cardiology in Budapest, Hungary (disease prevalence 38\%); 200 patients undergoing angiography at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Long Beach, California (disease prevalence 75\%); and 143 such patients from the University Hospitals in Zurich and Basel, Switzerland (disease prevalence 84\%). The probabilities that resulted from the application of the Cleveland algorithm were compared with those derived by applying a Bayesian algorithm derived from published medical studies called CADENZA to the same 3 patient test groups. Both algorithms overpredicted the probability of disease at the Hungarian and American centers. Overprediction was more pronounced with the use of CADENZA (average overestimation 16 vs 10\% and 11 vs 5\%, p \< 0.001). In the Swiss group, the discriminant function underestimated (by 7\%) and CADENZA slightly overestimated (by 2\%) disease probability. Clinical utility, assessed as the percentage of patients correctly classified, was modestly superior for the new discriminant function as compared with CADENZA in the Hungarian group and similar in the American and Swiss groups. It was concluded that coronary disease probabilities derived from discriminant functions are reliable and clinically useful when applied to patients with chest pain syndromes and intermediate disease prevalence.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2015-01-12}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Detrano, Robert and Janosi, Andras and Steinbrunn, Walter and Pfisterer, Matthias and Schmid, Johann-Jakob and Sandhu, Sarbjit and Guppy, Kern H. and Lee, Stella and Froelicher, Victor}, month = aug, year = {1989}, pages = {304--310}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S7NSB8VX/Detrano et al. - 1989 - International application of a new probability alg.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WFAFZQV2/Detrano et al. - 1989 - International application of a new probability alg.html:text/html} } @article{hallberg_menstrual_1966, title = {Menstrual blood loss: {A} population study}, volume = {45}, copyright = {1966 Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand}, issn = {1600-0412}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3109/00016346609158455/abstract}, doi = {10.3109/00016346609158455}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica}, author = {Hallberg, Leif and H{\^o}gdahl, Ann-Marie and Nilsson, Lennart and Rybo, G{\"o}ran}, year = {1966}, pages = {320--351}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J5K3ASPF/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{novotny_gpu_2007, title = {{GPU} based real-time instrument tracking with three-dimensional ultrasound}, volume = {11}, issn = {1361-8415}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17681483}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2007.06.009}, abstract = {Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound enables new intracardiac surgical procedures, but the distorted appearance of instruments in ultrasound poses a challenge to surgeons. This paper presents a detection technique that identifies the position of the instrument within the ultrasound volume. The algorithm uses a form of the generalized Radon transform to search for long straight objects in the ultrasound image, a feature characteristic of instruments and not found in cardiac tissue. When combined with passive markers placed on the instrument shaft, the full position and orientation of the instrument is found in 3D space. This detection technique is amenable to rapid execution on the current generation of personal computer graphics processor units (GPU). Our GPU implementation detected a surgical instrument in 31 ms, sufficient for real-time tracking at the 25 volumes per second rate of the ultrasound machine. A water tank experiment found instrument orientation errors of 1.1 degrees and tip position errors of less than 1.8mm. Finally, an in vivo study demonstrated successful instrument tracking inside a beating porcine heart.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Novotny, Paul M. and Stoll, Jeff A. and Vasilyev, Nikolay V. and del Nido, Pedro J. and Dupont, Pierre E. and Zickler, Todd E. and Howe, Robert D.}, month = oct, year = {2007}, pmid = {17681483}, keywords = {Animals, Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Computer Systems, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Phantoms, Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Surgical Instruments, Swine, Ultrasonography, Interventional}, pages = {458--464}, file = {Novotny-MedIA-07.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IN3Z735H/Novotny-MedIA-07.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{tao_preprocedural_2014, title = {Preprocedural magnetic resonance imaging for image-guided catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia}, issn = {1569-5794, 1573-0743}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10554-014-0558-x}, doi = {10.1007/s10554-014-0558-x}, abstract = {To present and validate a highly automated MRI analysis workflow for image-guided catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation procedures. A cohort of 15 post-infarction patients underwent MRI prior to VT ablation. The MRI study included a black-blood turbo spin echo sequence for visualizing the aortic root and ostium of the left main (LM) coronary artery, and a 3D late gadolinium enhanced sequence for visualizing the LV anatomy and myocardial scar substrate. Semi-automated segmentation of the LV, aortic root and ostium of LM was performed, followed by fully automated segmentation of myocardial scar. All segmented structures were aligned using an automated image registration algorithm to remove inter-scan displacement. MRI was integrated at the beginning of the procedure after mapping a single LM point. The integration performance was compared to that of the traditional iterative closest point (ICP) method. The proposed method required a single LM mapping point only, compared to 255 {\textpm} 43 points with the ICP method. The single-point method achieved a mean point-to-surface distance of 4.9 {\textpm} 1.5 mm on the LV surface and 5.1 {\textpm} 1.7 mm on the aorta surface (ICP: 3.7 {\textpm} 0.8 and 9.2 {\textpm} 7.2 mm, P {\textless} 0.05). The Cohen{\textquoteright}s kappa coefficient between the MRI-defined and EAM-defined scar was 0.36 {\textpm} 0.16 for the presented method, significantly higher than that of ICP method (0.23 {\textpm} 0.21, P = 0.03), indicating more accurate scar substrate localization during integration. This study demonstrated the feasibility of preprocedural MRI integration into the VT ablation procedure, with highly automated image analysis workflow and minimal mapping effort.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Tao, Qian and Piers, Sebastiaan R. D. and Lamb, Hildo J. and Zeppenfeld, Katja and Geest, Rob J. van der}, month = oct, year = {2014}, keywords = {cardiology, Catheter Ablation, Image integration, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Myocardial scar, ventricular tachycardia}, pages = {1--9}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G7DBQNV2/Tao et al. - 2014 - Preprocedural magnetic resonance imaging for image.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/E5BWE3QK/s10554-014-0558-x.html:text/html} } @article{aguilar_vivo_2009, title = {In vivo confirmation of the role of statins in reducing nitric oxide and {C}-reactive protein levels in peripheral arterial disease}, volume = {37}, issn = {1532-2165 (Electronic)}, number = {4}, journal = {European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery}, author = {Aguilar, E. M. and Miralles Jde, H. and Gonzalez, A. F. and Casariego, C. V. and Moreno, S. B. and Garcia, F. A.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cholesterol/blood, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Female, Heptanoic Acids/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Nitrites/*blood, Peripheral Vascular Diseases/blood/classification/*drug therapy, Prospective Studies, Pyrroles/*therapeutic use, Triglycerides/blood}, pages = {443--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THGI5VX2/Aguilar.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sakuma_coronary_2011, title = {Coronary {CT} versus {MR} angiography: {The} role of {MR} angiography}, volume = {258}, shorttitle = {Coronary {CT} versus {MR} {Angiography}}, url = {http://radiology.rsna.org/content/258/2/340.short}, doi = {10.1148/radiol.10100116}, number = {2}, urldate = {2011-06-10}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Sakuma, Hajime}, month = feb, year = {2011}, pages = {340 --349}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DCR4K5R3/Sakuma - 2011 - Coronary CT versus MR Angiography The Role of MR .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WQQBH35M/340.full.html:text/html} } @article{puhringer_reversal_2008, title = {Reversal of profound, high-dose rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex at two different time points: {An} international, multicenter, randomized, dose-finding, safety assessor-blinded, phase {II} trial}, volume = {109}, issn = {1528-1175 (Electronic) 0003-3022 (Linking)}, number = {2}, journal = {Anesthesiology}, author = {Puhringer, F. K. and Rex, C. and Sielenkamper, A. W. and Claudius, C. and Larsen, P. B. and Prins, M. E. and Eikermann, M. and Khuenl-Brady, K. S.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Androstanols/administration \& dosage/*antagonists \&, Anesthesia, Intravenous, Anesthetics, Intravenous, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Toxicity, Female, gamma-Cyclodextrins/administration \& dosage/adverse effects/*pharmacology, Humans, inhibitors/*pharmacology, Male, Middle Aged, Neuromuscular Blockade, Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents/administration \& dosage/antagonists \&, Propofol}, pages = {188--97}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J6BQ64QM/Sugammadex20.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{augustine_3d_2013, title = {3D fusion echocardiography improves 3D left ventricular assessment: comparison with 2D contrast echocardiography}, volume = {34}, issn = {0195-668X, 1522-9645}, shorttitle = {3D fusion echocardiography improves 3D left ventricular assessment}, url = {http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/34/suppl_1/5864}, doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/eht311.5864}, abstract = {Purpose: Real time 3D (RT3D) echocardiography has the potential to provide rapid acquisition of whole heart volumes for clinical use where fast, real time assessment of ventricular function is important, such as stress echocardiography. In clinical practice RT3D image quality is limited by echocardiographic windows and stitching artefacts. We hypothesised that fusion of multiple, sequential RT3D volume datasets may improve image quality. We compare this approach to the gold standard reference image for stress echocardiography, 2D contrast echocardiography.Methods: 60 patients had RT3D volumes (1 beat and 4beats) acquired according to 2 protocols. In Protocol A, the 4 chamber view on 2D imaging was visually assessed and a RT3D dataset acquired which was fused with a further two 3D volumes that were acquired following small probe manoeuvres. In protocol B the RT3D volumes (4 beat) were acquired of the optimal 4, 3 and 2 chamber views and these were fused together. Finally 2D contrast images were obtained of 4, 3 and 2 chamber view.The fused, standard RT3D and 2D contrast views were analysed to compare (i) quality (using the standard segmental approach) and (ii) contrast to noise ratio (CNR). Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was used as a quantitative measurement of the image quality- defined as the ratio of the signal intensity differences between image regions (myocardium) and the image noise (blood pool). Each segment was assigned a rating 0-3 depending on the amount of visualised endocardial border defined as: 0 = {\textless}50\%, 1 = 50-75\%, 2 = 75-99\%, 3 = 100\%. 2 readers analysed images. Bland Altman agreement was used to assess interobserver relationship.Results: 3550 segments in total were analysed. Segmental image quality of both 1 beat and 4 beat standard RT3D views improved significantly with Protocol A fusion (mean 1.4 vs. 1.7 \& 1.8 vs. 2.1, P{\textless}0.005), although were lower than that seen for 2D contrast echocardiography (mean 2.8). Protocol B fusion improved image quality further (2.1 vs. 2.3, P{\textless}0.05) and the CNR was improved when compared to standard RT3D volumes (6.6 vs. 9.0, P{\textless}0.05) and was the same as that seen for 2D contrast echocardiography (9.0 vs. 9.0).Interobserver agreement showed a mean difference in image quality assessment between the two readers of 0.2-0.4 image points.Conclusions: 3D fusion significantly improves LV segmental image quality and contrast to noise ratio, approaching that of 2D contrast echocardiography. This may be of clinical relevance in reducing the necessity for contrast echocardiography as well as potential use in 3D stress echocardiography.}, language = {en}, number = {suppl 1}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Augustine, D. and Yaqub, M. and Szmigielski, C. and Lima, E. and Neubauer, S. and Petersen, S. E. and Becher, H. and Noble, A. and Leeson, P.}, month = aug, year = {2013}, note = {Purpose: Real time 3D (RT3D) echocardiography has the potential to provide rapid acquisition of whole heart volumes for clinical use where fast, real time assessment of ventricular function is important, such as stress echocardiography. In clinical practice RT3D image quality is limited by echocardiographic windows and stitching artefacts. We hypothesised that fusion of multiple, sequential RT3D volume datasets may improve image quality. We compare this approach to the gold standard reference image for stress echocardiography, 2D contrast echocardiography. Methods: 60 patients had RT3D volumes (1 beat and 4beats) acquired according to 2 protocols. In Protocol A, the 4 chamber view on 2D imaging was visually assessed and a RT3D dataset acquired which was fused with a further two 3D volumes that were acquired following small probe manoeuvres. In protocol B the RT3D volumes (4 beat) were acquired of the optimal 4, 3 and 2 chamber views and these were fused together. Finally 2D contrast images were obtained of 4, 3 and 2 chamber view. The fused, standard RT3D and 2D contrast views were analysed to compare (i) quality (using the standard segmental approach) and (ii) contrast to noise ratio (CNR). Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was used as a quantitative measurement of the image quality- defined as the ratio of the signal intensity differences between image regions (myocardium) and the image noise (blood pool). Each segment was assigned a rating 0-3 depending on the amount of visualised endocardial border defined as: 0 = {\textless}50\%, 1 = 50-75\%, 2 = 75-99\%, 3 = 100\%. 2 readers analysed images. Bland Altman agreement was used to assess interobserver relationship. Results: 3550 segments in total were analysed. Segmental image quality of both 1 beat and 4 beat standard RT3D views improved significantly with Protocol A fusion (mean 1.4 vs. 1.7 \& 1.8 vs. 2.1, P{\textless}0.005), although were lower than that seen for 2D contrast echocardiography (mean 2.8). Protocol B fusion improved image quality further (2.1 vs. 2.3, P{\textless}0.05) and the CNR was improved when compared to standard RT3D volumes (6.6 vs. 9.0, P{\textless}0.05) and was the same as that seen for 2D contrast echocardiography (9.0 vs. 9.0). Interobserver agreement showed a mean difference in image quality assessment between the two readers of 0.2-0.4 image points. Conclusions: 3D fusion significantly improves LV segmental image quality and contrast to noise ratio, approaching that of 2D contrast echocardiography. This may be of clinical relevance in reducing the necessity for contrast echocardiography as well as potential use in 3D stress echocardiography.}, pages = {5864}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R7RC662T/Augustine et al. - 2013 - 3D fusion echocardiography improves 3D left ventri.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FI75ZVVH/5864.html:text/html} } @article{dittrich_echocardiographic_1989, title = {Echocardiographic and clinical predictors for outcome of elective cardioversion of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {63}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0002914989902841}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(89)90284-1}, abstract = {Previous studies have suggested that success of elective direct-current cardioversion for atrial fibrillation (AF) can be predicted from clinical features and M-mode echocardiographic left atrial diameter. We evaluated clinical variables as well as M-mode and 2-dimensional echocardiographic measurements of atrial size in 85 patients undergoing electrical cardioversion for AF. Of 65 patients who were initially converted to sinus rhythm, 45 (69\%) and 38 (58\%) remained in sinus rhythm at 1 and 6 months, respectively. No historical feature predicted initial success, although patients with cardiomyopathy or pulmonary disease underlying their AF had significantly lower success rates compared with those having other etiologies. Furthermore, no M-mode or 2-dimensional echocardiographic measurements of atrial size predicted initial success of cardioversion. Maintenance of sinus rhythm at 1 month was related to short duration of AF before cardioversion (\< 3 months vs \> 12 months, p \< 0.05). Left atrial area and long axis dimension by 2-dimensional echocardiography were significantly larger in patients remaining in sinus rhythm than in those who had reverted to AF at 1 month (28 {\textpm} 7 vs 24 {\textpm} 5 cm2 and 65 {\textpm} 9 vs 59 {\textpm} 8 mm, respectively, both p \< 0.05), but overlap was great. No significant difference in atrial dimensions was noted at 6-month follow-up. It appears that, although no clinical or echocardiographic variable predicts initial success for cardioversion of AF, duration of AF does predict maintenance of sinus rhythm 1 month after initial success. Atrial size does not appear to strongly influence outcome of cardioversion and should therefore not be included as an important variable when considering patients for this procedure.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Dittrich, Howard C. and Erickson, Joel S. and Schneiderman, Todd and Blacky, A. Robert and Savides, Thomas and Nicod, Pascal H.}, month = jan, year = {1989}, pages = {193--197}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/24AW4I5M/Dittrich et al. - 1989 - Echocardiographic and clinical predictors for outc.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KHKMZSCB/0002914989902841.html:text/html} } @article{saoudi_classification_2001, title = {A classification of atrial flutter and regular atrial tachycardia according to electrophysiological mechanisms and anatomical bases}, volume = {22}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2001}, issn = {0195-668X, 1522-9645}, url = {http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/14/1162}, doi = {10.1053/euhj.2001.2658}, language = {en}, number = {14}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Saoudi, N. and Cos{\'i}o, F. and Waldo, A. and Chen, S. A. and Iesaka, Y. and Lesh, M. and Saksena, S. and Salerno, J. and Schoels, W.}, month = jul, year = {2001}, pmid = {11440490}, pages = {1162--1182}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ABHRERPI/Saoudi et al. - 2001 - A classification of atrial flutter and regular atr.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NXN4A48E/1162.html:text/html} } @article{mladosievicova_genetic_2007, title = {Genetic tests for predicting the toxicity and efficacy of anticancer chemotherapy}, volume = {54}, issn = {0028-2685 (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {Neoplasma}, author = {Mladosievicova, B. and Carter, A. and Kristova, V.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Mutagenicity Tests, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use/*toxicity, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Humans, Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic}, pages = {181--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/482JVQ9G/neo_2007_03_181.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mcleish_free-breathing_2004, title = {Free-breathing radial acquisitions of the heart}, volume = {52}, issn = {0740-3194}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15508161}, doi = {10.1002/mrm.20252}, abstract = {There is considerable interest in performing free-breathing acquisitions of the heart in order to obtain high-quality images without the need for multiple, long breathholds. In this article a 3D motion-correction method is described that is based on image registration of in-plane data and through-plane slice tracking. A number of fast radial undersampled images are acquired, each of which is free of motion artifacts. Initially, in-plane translational and rotational motion between each image was corrected before combining the data to give a fully sampled image. At the next stage, correction of in-plane deformation, in addition to translations and rotations, was performed in the image domain. Through-plane translational motion was compensated using a navigator echo to move the acquisition plane. Using this method, information on the motion of the heart was captured at the same time as acquiring the image data. No motion model, assumptions about the motion, or training data are required. The method is demonstrated on phantom data and cardiac images acquired on free-breathing volunteers.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2011-06-13}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {McLeish, Kate and Kozerke, Sebastian and Crum, William R. and Hill, Derek L. G.}, month = nov, year = {2004}, pmid = {15508161}, keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Artifacts, Calibration, Cattle, Heart, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Motion, Phantoms, Imaging, Respiration}, pages = {1127--1135}, file = {20252_ftp.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RADT676F/20252_ftp.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{koyama_computed_2004, title = {Computed tomography assessment of myocardial perfusion, viability, and function}, volume = {19}, issn = {1053-1807}, doi = {10.1002/jmri.20067}, abstract = {In addition to coronary artery assessment, contrast-enhanced multidetector spiral computed tomography (CE-MDCT) can provide valuable information about myocardial perfusion. Using CE-MDCT, myocardial perfusion defects are often observed in the early phase of the contrast bolus (early defect (ED)), with residual defects (RDs) and late enhancement (LE) observed in the late phase in myocardial infarction (MI). However, the clinical significance of EDs, RDs, and LE has not yet been fully described. This work reviews myocardial viability and function by CE-MDCT based on our prior data by including contrast-enhanced single-slice (detector) CT (CE-SSCT) and CE-MDCT. Recently, equivalent results were obtained, as seen in CE-SSCT with images by CE-MDCT. In this review, images that were acquired by MDCT will be presented. In this work, the following items will be the focus: myocardial enhancement patterns (EDs, LE, and RDs), early perfusion defects and their relationship to wall thickness (WT) and wall motion, early CT perfusion defects vs. Tl-201 single photon emission CT (SPECT), the protocol for performing dual-phase contrast CT, classification of enhancement patterns, enhancement patterns on dual-phase CE-MDCT vs. left ventricular functional recovery and WT, changes in enhancement patterns in conjunction with healing stage, enhancement patterns on dual-phase CE-MDCT vs. 201Tl/99mTc-pyrophosphate (dual-isotope SPECT), the clinical meaning of each enhancement pattern, pitfalls of enhancement patterns and other diseases, and study limitations and the future of MDCT.}, language = {eng}, number = {6}, journal = {Journal of magnetic resonance imaging: JMRI}, author = {Koyama, Yasushi and Mochizuki, Teruhito and Higaki, Jitsuo}, month = jun, year = {2004}, pmid = {15170785}, keywords = {Coronary Circulation, Heart, Humans, Tissue Survival, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ventricular Function, Left}, pages = {800--815}, file = {Koyama_et_al-2004-Journal_of_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WDFJ4KG3/Koyama_et_al-2004-Journal_of_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{wells_non-rigid_1998, address = {Cambridge, MA, USA}, title = {Non-rigid registration of breast {MR} images using mutual information}, volume = {1496}, isbn = {3-540-65136-5}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/f272v611l25g27q7/}, urldate = {2011-06-13}, booktitle = {Medical {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Interventation}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Rueckert, D. and Hayes, C. and Studholme, C. and Summers, P. and Leach, M. and Hawkes, D. J.}, editor = {Wells, William M. and Colchester, Alan and Delp, Scott}, year = {1998}, pages = {1144--1152}, file = {SpringerLink - Abstract:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HMGZJURX/f272v611l25g27q7.html:text/html} } @article{kaneda_nonlinear_1990, title = {Nonlinear pharmacokinetics of {CPT}-11 in rats}, volume = {50}, issn = {0008-5472 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=2306726}, number = {6}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Kaneda, N. and Yokokura, T.}, year = {1990}, keywords = {Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*pharmacokinetics, Bile/metabolism, Biotransformation, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/blood/pharmacokinetics/urine, Glucuronates/metabolism, Male, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains}, pages = {1721--5} } @article{bosch_pharmacogenomics_2008, title = {Pharmacogenomics of drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters in chemotherapy}, volume = {448}, issn = {1064-3745 (Print)}, journal = {Methods in Molecular Biology}, author = {Bosch, T. M.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents/ metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics/metabolism, Biotransformation/genetics, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics/metabolism, Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP)/genetics/metabolism, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/metabolism, Humans, Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics/ metabolism, Methyltransferases/genetics/metabolism, Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Patient Selection, P-Glycoprotein/genetics/metabolism, Pharmacogenetics, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {63--76}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QZKRWFSE/Bosch-2008-Pharmacogenomics of.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gold_no_2014, title = {No appointment necessary? {Ethical} challenges in treating friends and family}, volume = {371}, issn = {0028-4793}, shorttitle = {No {Appointment} {Necessary}?}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsb1402963}, doi = {10.1056/NEJMsb1402963}, abstract = {Physicians may be asked or choose to provide medical care to family members or to give informal or undocumented care to friends, neighbors, or colleagues who are not their patients. Treatment can range from refilling a prescription, discussing a recent injury, or ordering a test to performing major surgeries. The ethical risks of caring for relatives or friends or providing informal and undocumented care are substantial but may be overlooked. Although there may be limited situations in which providing medical treatment for friends and family is acceptable, these situations are often nuanced. We review guidance from professional medical organizations, summarize . . .}, number = {13}, urldate = {2015-03-17}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Gold, Katherine J. and Goldman, Edward B. and Kamil, Leslie H. and Walton, Sarah and Burdette, Tommy G. and Moseley, Kathryn L.}, month = sep, year = {2014}, pmid = {25251620}, pages = {1254--1258}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PWR7CPQM/Gold et al. - 2014 - No Appointment Necessary Ethical Challenges in Tr.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NB3VFU8U/Gold et al. - 2014 - No Appointment Necessary Ethical Challenges in Tr.html:text/html} } @article{fugh-berman_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271272}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Fugh-Berman, A.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, C-Reactive Protein/metabolism, dosage/*adverse effects/pharmacokinetics, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Fluorobenzenes/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/pharmacokinetics, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration \&, Pyrimidines/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/pharmacokinetics, Sulfonamides/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/pharmacokinetics}, pages = {1038--9; author reply 1041--2} } @article{sripal_stress_2005, title = {Stress function index, a novel index for risk stratification and prognosis using stress echocardiography}, volume = {18}, issn = {0894-7317}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0894731705004839}, number = {12}, journal = {Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography}, author = {Sripal, Bangalore and Siu-Sun, Yao and Farooq, A. Chaudhry}, year = {2005}, pages = {1335--1342} } @article{mccullagh_generalized_1984, title = {Generalized linear models}, volume = {16}, issn = {0377-2217}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0377221784902820}, doi = {10.1016/0377-2217(84)90282-0}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-08-27}, journal = {European Journal of Operational Research}, author = {McCullagh, Peter}, month = jun, year = {1984}, pages = {285--292}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DD95F7IK/McCullagh - 1984 - Generalized linear models.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VHRTJ9XV/0377221784902820.html:text/html} } @article{ling_association_2013, title = {Association between cardiac computed tomography perfusion imaging and electronatomic mapping to evaluate left atrial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation}, volume = {128}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/128/22_MeetingAbstracts/A18282}, number = {22 Supplement}, urldate = {2014-12-19}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Ling, Zhiyu and McManigle, John and Khurram, Irfan and Zimmerman, Stefan and Marine, Joseph and Spragg, David and Ashikaga, Hiroshi and Calkins, Hugh and Nazarian, Saman}, month = nov, year = {2013}, pages = {A18282}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D7Q4SKMH/A18282.html:text/html} } @article{sachdev_myocardial_2006, title = {Myocardial strain decreases with increasing transmurality of infarction: {A} {Doppler} echocardiographic and magnetic resonance correlation study}, volume = {19}, issn = {1097-6795 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {J Am Soc Echocardiogr}, author = {Sachdev, V. and Aletras, A. H. and Padmanabhan, S. and Sidenko, S. and Rao, Y. N. and Brenneman, C. L. and Shizukuda, Y. and Lie, G. R. and Vincent, P. S. and Waclawiw, M. A. and Arai, A. E.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Echocardiography, Doppler/ methods, elasticity, Female, Heart Ventricles/ physiopathology, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/ methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ methods, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/complications/ diagnosis/ physiopathology, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, Stress, Mechanical, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/ diagnosis/etiology/ physiopathology}, pages = {34--39} } @article{nagar_uridine_2006, title = {Uridine diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase pharmacogenetics and cancer}, volume = {25}, issn = {0950-9232 (Print)}, number = {11}, journal = {Oncogene}, author = {Nagar, S. and Remmel, R. P.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Pharmacogenetics, *Polymorphism, Genetic, Carcinogens/toxicity, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics, Chemoprevention, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics/*metabolism, Humans, Phenotype, Risk Factors}, pages = {1659--72}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DMRIRCR6/Nagar-2006-Uridine diphosphoglu.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{thase_double-blind_2006, title = {A double-blind comparison between bupropion {XL} and venlafaxine {XR}: {Sexual} functioning, antidepressant efficacy, and tolerability}, volume = {26}, issn = {0271-0749 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology}, author = {Thase, M. E. and Clayton, A. H. and Haight, B. R. and Thompson, A. H. and Modell, J. G. and Johnston, J. A.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects/ therapeutic use, Bupropion/adverse effects/ therapeutic use, Cyclohexanols/adverse effects/ therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder, Major/ drug therapy/psychology, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Patient Compliance, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/ chemically induced, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/ chemically induced, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {482--8} } @article{shen_image_2007, title = {Image registration by local histogram matching}, volume = {40}, issn = {0031-3203}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031320306003608}, doi = {10.1016/j.patcog.2006.08.012}, abstract = {We previously presented an image registration method, referred to hierarchical attribute matching mechanism for elastic registration (HAMMER), which demonstrated relatively high accuracy in inter-subject registration of MR brain images. However, the HAMMER algorithm requires the pre-segmentation of brain tissues, since the attribute vectors used to hierarchically match the corresponding pairs of points are defined from the segmented image. In many applications, the segmentation of tissues might be difficult, unreliable or even impossible to complete, which potentially limits the use of the HAMMER algorithm in more generalized applications. To overcome this limitation, we have used local spatial intensity histograms to design a new type of attribute vector for each point in an intensity image. The histogram-based attribute vector is rotationally invariant, and importantly it also captures spatial information by integrating a number of local intensity histograms from multi-resolution images of original intensity image. The new attribute vectors are able to determine the corresponding points across individual images. Therefore, by hierarchically matching new attribute vectors, the proposed method can perform as successfully as the previous HAMMER algorithm did in registering MR brain images, while providing more generalized applications in registering images of various organs. Experimental results show good performance of the proposed method in registering MR brain images, DTI brain images, CT pelvis images, and MR mouse images.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2012-09-18}, journal = {Pattern Recognition}, author = {Shen, Dinggang}, month = apr, year = {2007}, keywords = {Atlas-based segmentation and labeling, Attribute vector, Brain atlas, Deformable registration, Image warping, Invariants, Non-rigid registration, Spatial histogram}, pages = {1161--1172}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I59H44RC/Shen - 2007 - Image registration by local histogram matching.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QSHNIKR8/Shen - 2007 - Image registration by local histogram matching.html:text/html} } @article{slavich_emerging_2011, title = {The emerging role of magnetic resonance imaging and multidetector computed tomography in the diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy}, volume = {2}, issn = {1869-4101}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3259418/}, doi = {10.1007/s13244-011-0101-8}, abstract = {Magnetic resonance imaging and multidetector computed tomography are new imaging methods that have much to offer clinicians caring for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. In this article we briefly describe the clinical, pathophysiological and histological aspects of dilated cardiomyopathy. Then we discuss in detail the use of both imaging methods for measurement of chamber size, global and regional function, for myocardial tissue characterisation, including myocardial viability assessment, and determination of arrhythmogenic substrate, and their emerging role in cardiac resynchronisation therapy.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-19}, journal = {Insights into Imaging}, author = {Slavich, Massimo and Florian, Anca and Bogaert, Jan}, month = may, year = {2011}, pmid = {22347967}, pmcid = {PMC3259418}, pages = {453--469}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SP8I6FKD/Slavich et al. - 2011 - The emerging role of magnetic resonance imaging an.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{saghy_is_2012, title = {Is there a relationship between complex fractionated atrial electrograms recorded during atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm fractionation?}, volume = {9}, issn = {1547-5271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527111011295}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.09.062}, abstract = {Background Ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) may require adjunctive methods of substrate modification. Both ablation-targeting complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) recorded during AF and fractionated electrograms recorded during sinus rhythm (sinus rhythm fractionation [SRF]) have been described. However, the relationship of CFAEs with SRF is unclear. Methods Twenty patients (age 62 {\textpm} 9 years, 13 males) with persistent AF and 9 control subjects without organic heart disease or AF (age 36 {\textpm} 6 years, 4 males) underwent detailed CFAE and SRF left atrial electroanatomic maps. The overlap in left atrial regions with CFAEs and SRF was compared in the AF population, and the distribution of SRF was compared among patients with AF and normal controls. Propagation maps were analyzed to identify the activation patterns associated with SR fractionation. Results SRF (338 {\textpm} 150 points) and CFAE (418 {\textpm} 135 points) regions comprised 29\% {\textpm} 14\% and 25\% {\textpm} 15\% of the left atrial surface area, respectively. There was no significant correlation between SRF and CFAE maps (r = .2; P = NS). On comparing patients with AF and controls, no significant difference was found in the distribution of SRF between groups (P = .74). Regions of SRF overlapped areas of wave-front collision 75\% {\textpm} 13\% of the time. Conclusions (1) There is little overlap between regions of CFAEs during AF and regions of SRF measured in the time domain or the frequency domain, (2) the majority of SRF appears to occur in regions with wave-front collision, (3) the distribution of SRF is similar in patients with AF and normal controls, suggesting that this may not have an important role in AF maintenance and may not be a suitable ablation target.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-09-22}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Saghy, Laszlo and Callans, David J. and Garcia, Fermin and Lin, David and Marchlinski, Francis E. and Riley, Michael and Dixit, Sanjay and Tzou, Wendy S. and Haqqani, Harris M. and Pap, Robert and Kim, Steven and Gerstenfeld, Edward P.}, month = feb, year = {2012}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Complex fractionated atrial electrograms, Signal processing}, pages = {181--188}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/854W6TBK/Saghy et al. - 2012 - Is there a relationship between complex fractionat.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TI7J5XS2/S1547527111011295.html:text/html} } @article{myerburg_implantable_2008, title = {Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators after myocardial infarction}, volume = {359}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic) 0028-4793 (Linking)}, number = {21}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Myerburg, R. J.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Defibrillators, Implantable, Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology/*prevention \& control, Death, Sudden, Cardiac/*prevention \& control, Heart Failure/etiology/therapy, Humans, Myocardial Infarction/complications/*therapy, Primary Prevention, Stroke Volume, Tachycardia/etiology/physiopathology, Ventricular Fibrillation/etiology/physiopathology}, pages = {2245--2253}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ES7TTTAI/icd-postmi.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{marwick_stress_2003, title = {Stress echocardiography}, volume = {89}, number = {1}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Marwick, Thomas H.}, year = {2003}, pages = {113--118}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AZ8TNTWT/Marwick StressEcho.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lentschig_breath-hold_1998, title = {Breath-hold gadolinium-enhanced {MR} angiography of the major vessels at 1.0 {T}: {Dose}-response findings and angiographic correlation}, volume = {208}, issn = {0033-8419}, shorttitle = {Breath-hold gadolinium-enhanced {MR} angiography of the major vessels at 1.0 {T}}, url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiology.208.2.9680558}, doi = {10.1148/radiology.208.2.9680558}, abstract = {PURPOSE: To find the appropriate contrast agent dose for gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography by using individual measurement of contrast agent transit times in a randomized study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 34 patients with disease of the aorta or its major branches or both were randomly assigned to receive a dose of 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 mmol of gadopentetate dimeglumine per kilogram of body weight. Initially, contrast agent transit times were measured with use of a turbo fast-low-angle-shot sequence. Subsequently, a three-dimensional fast imaging with steady-state precession sequence (7.3-msec repetition time, 2.8-msec echo time) was used for breath-hold MR angiography. Gadopentetate dimeglumine was injected with an MR-compatible power injector. Efficacy was evaluated by measurement of vessel enhancement and by clinical correlation of MR angiograms with x-ray angiograms. RESULTS: Evaluation of contrast agent transit time was possible in all patients with the test doses, which provided contrast-enhanced MR angiograms of constant quality. Neither vessel enhancement nor diagnostic information was significantly different across the these study groups. CONCLUSION: The clinical gadolinium dose of 0.1 mmol/kg is sufficient for diagnostic assessment of the aorta and its major branches at contrast-enhanced MR angiography. High-dose studies appear not to be required for these large vessels.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Lentschig, M. G. and Reimer, P. and Rausch-Lentschig, U. L. and Allkemper, T. and Oelerich, M. and Laub, G.}, month = aug, year = {1998}, pages = {353--357}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/24NDQRI7/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3F2D43C6/radiology.208.2.html:text/html} } @article{dong_initial_2006, title = {Initial experience in the use of integrated electroanatomic mapping with three-dimensional {MR}/{CT} images to guide catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {17}, issn = {1540-8167}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00425.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00425.x}, abstract = {Introduction: No prior studies have reported the use of integrated electroanatomic mapping with preacquired magnetic resonance/computed tomographic (MR/CT) images to guide catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a series of patients. Methods and Results: Sixteen consecutive patients with drug-refractory AF underwent catheter ablation under the guidance of a three-dimensional (3D) electroanatomic mapping system (Carto, Biosense Webster, Inc., Diamond Bar, CA, USA). Gadolinium-enhanced MR (n = 8) or contrast-enhanced high-resolution CT (n = 8) imaging was performed within 1 day prior to the ablation procedures. Using a novel software package (CartoMerge, Biosense Webster, Inc.), the left atrium (LA) with pulmonary veins (PVs) was segmented and extracted for image registration. The segmented 3D MR/CT LA reconstruction was accurately registered to the real-time mapping space with a combination of landmark registration and surface registration. The registered 3D MR/CT LA reconstruction was successfully used to guide deployment of RF applications encircling the PVs. Upon completion of the circumferential lesions around the PVs, 32\% of the PVs were electrically isolated. Guided by a circular mapping catheter, the remaining PVs were disconnected from the LA using a segmental approach. The distance between the surface of the registered 3D MR/CT LA reconstruction and multiple electroanatomic map points was 3.05 {\textpm} 0.41 mm. No complications were observed. Conclusions: Three-dimensional MR/CT images can be successfully extracted and registered to anatomically guided clinical AF ablations. The display of detailed and accurate anatomic information during the procedure enables tailored RF ablation to individual PV and LA anatomy.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-12-26}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Dong, Jun and Dickfeld, Timm and Dalal, Darshan and Cheema, Aamir and Vasamreddy, Chandrasekhar R. and Henrikson, Charles A. and Marine, Joseph E. and Halperin, Henry R. and Berger, Ronald D. and Lima, Joao A. C. and Bluemke, David A. and Calkins, Hugh}, year = {2006}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, imaging, integration}, pages = {459--466}, file = {j.1540-8167.2006.00425.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HRT8PWFX/j.1540-8167.2006.00425.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H6CVW2PB/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{cohen_three-dimensional_2001, title = {Three-dimensional power {Doppler} ultrasound improves the diagnostic accuracy for ovarian cancer prediction}, volume = {82}, issn = {0090-8258}, number = {1}, journal = {Gynecologic Oncology}, author = {Cohen, Leeber S. and Escobar, Pedro F. and Scharm, Carol and Glimco, Beth and Fishman, David A.}, year = {2001}, keywords = {adnexal mass, ovarian cancer, three-dimensional power Doppler}, pages = {40--48}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/49HWXGW3/Cohen 3dPowerDoppler.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{wikipedia_contributors_athletics_2015, title = {Athletics at the 2012 {Summer} {Olympics}}, copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License}, url = {http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_400_metres}, abstract = {The Women's 400 metres competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. The event was held at the Olympic Stadium on 3{\textendash}5 August.[1]}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia}, author = {{Wikipedia contributors}}, month = jan, year = {2015}, biboverride = {Wikipedia contributors, \newblock ``Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics,'' \newblock \textit{Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia}, \newblock Accessed 8 Jan 2014: \verb!http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics!.}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M8UWQZBQ/2015 - Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics {\textendash} Women's 40.html:text/html} } @article{puwanant_role_2009, title = {Role of the {CHADS}2 score in the evaluation of thromboembolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing transesophageal echocardiography before pulmonary vein isolation}, volume = {54}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.037}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.037}, abstract = {Objectives~ The goals of this study were to determine: 1) if low-risk patients assessed by a CHADS2 score, a clinical scoring system quantifying a risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), require a routine screening transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) before pulmonary vein isolation (PVI); and 2) the relationship of a CHADS2 score with left atrial (LA)/left atrial appendage (LAA) spontaneous echo contrast, sludge, and thrombus.Background There is no clear consensus of whether a screening TEE before catheter ablation of AF should be performed in every patient.Methods Initial TEEs for pre-PVI of 1,058 AF patients (age 57 {\textpm} 11 years, 80\% men) were reviewed and compared with a CHADS2 score.Results CHADS2 scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were present in 47\%, 33\%, 14\%, 5\%, 1\%, 0.3\%, and 0\% of patients, respectively. The prevalence of LA/LAA thrombus, sludge, and spontaneous echo contrast were present in 0.6\%, 1.5\%, and 35\%. The prevalence of LA/LAA thrombus/sludge increased with ascending CHADS2 score (scores 0 [0\%], 1 [2\%], 2 [5\%], 3 [9\%], and 4 to 6 [11\%], p {\textless} 0.01). No patient with a CHADS2 score of 0 had LA/LAA sludge/thrombus. In a multivariate model, history of congestive heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction {\textless}35\% were significantly associated with sludge/thrombus.Conclusions The prevalence of LA/LAA sludge/thrombus in patients with AF undergoing a pre-PVI screening TEE is very low ({\textless}2\%) and increases significantly with higher CHADS2 scores. This suggests that a screening TEE before PVI should be performed in patients with a CHADS2 score of >=1, and in patients with a CHADS2 score of 0 when the AF is persistent and therapeutic anticoagulation has not been maintained for 4 weeks before the procedure.}, number = {22}, urldate = {2014-09-30}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Puwanant, Sarinya and Varr, Brandon C. and Shrestha, Kevin and Hussain, Sarah K. and Tang, W.H. Wilson and Gabriel, Ruvin S. and Wazni, Oussama M. and Bhargava, Mandeep and Saliba, Walid I. and Thomas, James D. and Lindsay, Bruce D. and Klein, Allan L.}, month = nov, year = {2009}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, echocardiography: thrombus formation of left atrial appendage, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, physiological sludge, pulmonary vein ablation, thromboembolism}, pages = {2032--2039}, file = {07037.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PQ6AEUP8/07037.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{bunch_novel_2008, title = {Novel ablative approach for atrial fibrillation to decrease risk of esophageal injury}, volume = {5}, issn = {1556-3871 (Electronic) 1547-5271 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Bunch, T. J. and Day, J. D.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation/*therapy, Catheter Ablation/adverse effects/instrumentation/*methods, Esophagus/*injuries, Feasibility Studies, Humans, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed}, pages = {624--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MNPQQCUX/afib-approach.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{clague_neonatal_2002, title = {Neonatal biochemical screening for disease}, volume = {315}, issn = {0009-8981 (Print) 0009-8981 (Linking)}, number = {1-2}, journal = {Clinica Chimica Acta}, author = {Clague, A. and Thomas, A.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/diagnosis, Congenital Hypothyroidism, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis, Ethics, Medical, Galactosemias/diagnosis, Hemoglobinopathies/diagnosis, Humans, Hypothyroidism/blood/ diagnosis, Infant, Newborn, Mental Retardation/prevention \& control, Neonatal Screening/economics, Phenylketonurias/blood/complications/ diagnosis, Predictive Value of Tests, Quality of Life, Sensitivity and Specificity}, pages = {99--110}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VRDZIZG4/NeonatalBiochemScreen.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{devereux_cost-effectiveness_1987, title = {Cost-effectiveness of echocardiography and electrocardiography for detection of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with systemic hypertension}, volume = {9}, issn = {0194-911X (Print)}, number = {2, pt. 2}, journal = {Hypertension}, author = {Devereux, R. B. and Casale, P. N. and Wallerson, D. C. and Kligfield, P. and Hammond, I. W. and Liebson, P. R. and Campo, E. and Alonso, D. R. and Laragh, J. H.}, year = {1987}, keywords = {Cardiomegaly/complications/ diagnosis, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Echocardiography/ economics, Electrocardiography/ economics, Heart Ventricles/physiopathology, Humans, Hypertension/ complications}, pages = {II69--II76}, file = {II69.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F5368IQG/II69.full.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{papavramidou_galen_2010, title = {Galen on {\textquotedblleft}syncope{\textquotedblright}}, volume = {142}, issn = {0167-5273}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527308015374}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.12.109}, abstract = {This paper studies the Galenic views on syncope. According to Galen, syncope is a sudden prostration of the vital powers, without suspension of the respiration and it is usually a sign or complication of fever. He believed that {\textquotedblleft}cardiac syncope{\textquotedblright} was a primary illness of the mouth of the oesophagus or of the stomach that affected the heart {\textquotedblleft}by sympathy{\textquotedblright}, meaning secondarily. The aetiology, the clinical manifestations and the treatment are presented, along with a special section referring to the connection between {\textquotedblleft}marasmus{\textquotedblright}, which was supposed to be a wasting of the organism of the elders due to {\textquotedblleft}dryness{\textquotedblright}, and syncope. Numerous authors before and after Galen treated the subject of the famous {\textquotedblleft}cardiac affection{\textquotedblright}: Hippocrates (4th{\textendash}5th century BC), Asclepiades (2nd{\textendash}1st century BC), Celsus (1st century AD), Aretaeus (2nd century AD), Soranus of Ephesus (2nd century AD), and Caelius Aurelianus (5th century AD) all see cardiac syncope as a distinct disease. Based on the Galenic descriptions, several modern medical conditions may be identified, such as congestive heart failure, hypertrophic cardimyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, congenital long QT syndrome or anomalies of the coronary arteries.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-06}, journal = {International Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Papavramidou, Niki and Tziakas, Dimitrios}, month = jul, year = {2010}, keywords = {History of cardiology, History of medicine, Syncope}, pages = {242--244}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2UU48AS3/Papavramidou and Tziakas - 2010 - Galen on {\textquotedblleft}syncope{\textquotedblright}.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X9AB725U/S0167527308015374.html:text/html} } @article{gradman_left_2006, title = {From left ventricular hypertrophy to congestive heart failure: {Management} of hypertensive heart disease}, volume = {48}, issn = {0033-0620}, number = {5}, journal = {Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases}, author = {Gradman, Alan H. and Alfayoumi, Fadi}, year = {2006}, pages = {326--341}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G668WJZC/Gradman HypertensiveLVH.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{oneill_residual_2005, title = {Residual high incidence of ventricular arrhythmias after left ventricular reconstructive surgery}, volume = {130}, issn = {1097-685X (Electronic) 0022-5223 (Linking)}, number = {5}, journal = {Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery}, author = {O'Neill, J. O. and Starling, R. C. and Khaykin, Y. and McCarthy, P. M. and Young, J. B. and Hail, M. and Albert, N. M. and Smedira, N. and Chung, M. K.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {*Defibrillators, Implantable, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arrhythmias, Cardiac/*epidemiology/*etiology, Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects, Female, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Survival Rate}, pages = {1250--1256}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QMJPQXX5/VTachDor.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{colhoun_primary_2004, title = {Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the {Collaborative} {Atorvastatin} {Diabetes} {Study} ({CARDS}): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial}, volume = {364}, issn = {1474-547X (Electronic)}, number = {9435}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Colhoun, H. M. and Betteridge, D. J. and Durrington, P. N. and Hitman, G. A. and Neil, H. A. and Livingstone, S. J. and Thomason, M. J. and Mackness, M. I. and Charlton-Menys, V. and Fuller, J. H.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Anticholesteremic Agents/*therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Coronary Disease/etiology/prevention \& control, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*complications, Double-Blind Method, Female, Heptanoic Acids/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Pyrroles/*therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Stroke/etiology/prevention \& control}, pages = {685--96}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/88TEB9U9/Colhoun.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{martinek_impact_2007, title = {Impact of integration of multislice computed tomography imaging into three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping on clinical outcomes, safety, and efficacy using radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation}, volume = {30}, issn = {1540-8159}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2007.00843.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/j.1540-8159.2007.00843.x}, abstract = {Background:Circumferential radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) around the orifices of the pulmonary veins (PV) is a curative catheter-based therapy of paroxysmal, persistent, and permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). Integration of multislice computed tomography into three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping to guide catheter ablation has been shown to be accurate and feasible. This study investigated whether the use of such sophisticated imaging technology translates into better clinical outcomes, procedural efficacy, and safety in comparison with a control group treated with conventional three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping.Methods:A total of 100 consecutive patients (85 male, mean age 55 {\textpm} 9 years) with multi-drug-resistant AF underwent RFCA. In this study we used a wide area circumferential approach with confirmed PV isolation (requiring additional ablations at the ostial level) and further lines as needed.Results:Comparison of outcome data between the conventional electroanatomic mapping (Carto XP, Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, CA, USA) and the image integration technology (Carto MERGE, Biosense Webster) resulted in a significant improvement in procedural success for the image integration group (85.1\% vs 67.9\%; P = 0.018). No single case of significant PV stenosis occurred in the Carto MERGE group versus three significant stenoses in the conventional group (P = 0.098). Both procedure and fluoroscopy times remained unchanged.Conclusion:Multislice computed tomography image integration into electroanatomic mapping significantly improves the success of wide area circumferential ablation with confirmed isolation of the PV and additional lines. In addition, the safety of radiofrequency ablation with regard to the occurrence of PV stenosis is increased in comparison with a control group using conventional electroanatomic mapping alone. Procedural efficacy remains unchanged.}, language = {en}, number = {10}, urldate = {2013-04-25}, journal = {Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology}, author = {Martinek, Martin and Nesser, Hans-Joachim and Aichinger, Josef and Boehm, Gernot and Purerfellner, Helmut}, year = {2007}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, carto merge, mapping, Multislice computed tomography}, pages = {1215--1223}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MMRKRMSK/Martinek et al. - 2007 - Impact of Integration of Multislice Computed Tomog.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F8U2SX7X/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{fernandez-caballero_determining_2009, title = {Determining heart parameters through left ventricular automatic segmentation for heart disease diagnosis}, volume = {36}, issn = {0957-4174}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1464526.1464997}, doi = {10.1016/j.eswa.2007.12.045}, number = {2}, urldate = {2012-02-14}, journal = {Expert Systems with Applications}, author = {Fern{\'a}ndez-Caballero, Antonio and Vega-Riesco, Jos{\'e} M.}, month = mar, year = {2009}, keywords = {Active-contour, Cardiological parameters, Echocardiography, Left ventricle, Segmentation}, pages = {2234--2249}, file = {Determining heart parameters.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BW2DSQXG/Determining heart parameters.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{guttman_imaging_2004, title = {Imaging of myocardial infarction for diagnosis and intervention using real-time interactive {MRI} without {ECG}-gating or breath-holding}, volume = {52}, issn = {1522-2594}, number = {2}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Guttman, Michael A. and Dick, Alexander J. and Raman, Venkatesh K. and Arai, Andrew E. and Lederman, Robert J. and McVeigh, Elliot R.}, year = {2004}, pages = {354--361}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3MFPAIWM/Guttman NoBreathHold.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{stahl_basic_1998, title = {Basic psychopharmacology of antidepressants, part 1: {Antidepressants} have seven distinct mechanisms of action}, volume = {59 Suppl 4}, issn = {0160-6689 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9554316}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Stahl, S. M.}, year = {1998}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents/*pharmacology, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/pharmacology, Bupropion/pharmacology, Cyclohexanols/pharmacology, Dopamine/physiology, Humans, Mianserin/analogs \& derivatives/pharmacology, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/pharmacology, Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology, Norepinephrine/physiology, Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects/physiology, Serotonin/physiology, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology, Synaptic Transmission/drug effects/physiology, Triazoles/pharmacology}, pages = {5--14} } @article{dong_integrated_2006, title = {Integrated electroanatomic mapping with three-dimensional computed tomographic images for real-time guided ablations}, volume = {113}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/113/2/186}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.565200}, abstract = {Background-- New ablation strategies for atrial fibrillation or nonidiopathic ventricular tachycardia are increasingly based on anatomic consideration and require the placement of ablation lesions at the correct anatomic locations. This study sought to evaluate the accuracy of the first clinically available image integration system for catheter ablation on 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images in real time. Methods and Results-- After midline sternotomy, 2.3-mm CT fiducial markers were attached to the epicardial surface of each cardiac chamber in 9 mongrel dogs. Detailed 3D cardiac anatomy was reconstructed from contrast-enhanced, high-resolution CT images and registered to the electroanatomic maps of each cardiac chamber. To assess accuracy, targeted ablations were performed at each of the fiducial markers guided only by the reconstructed 3D images. At autopsy, the position error was 1.9\{+/-\}0.9 mm for the right atrium, 2.7\{+/-\}1.2 mm for the right ventricle, 1.8\{+/-\}1.0 mm for the left atrium, and 2.3\{+/-\}1.1 mm for the left ventricle. To evaluate the system's guidance of more complex clinical ablation strategies, ablations of the cavotricuspid isthmus (n=4), fossa ovalis (n=4), and pulmonary veins (n=6) were performed, which resulted in position errors of 1.8\{+/-\}1.5, 2.2\{+/-\}1.3, and 2.1\{+/-\}1.2 mm, respectively. Retrospective analysis revealed that a combination of landmark registration and the target chamber surface registration resulted in {\textless}3 mm accuracy in all 4 cardiac chambers. Conclusions-- Image integration with high-resolution 3D CT allows accurate placement of anatomically guided ablation lesions and can facilitate complex ablation strategies. This may provide significant advantages for anatomically based procedures such as ablation of atrial fibrillation and nonidiopathic ventricular tachycardia.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Dong, Jun and Calkins, Hugh and Solomon, Stephen B. and Lai, Shenghan and Dalal, Darshan and Lardo, Al and Brem, Erez and Preiss, Assaf and Berger, Ronald D. and Halperin, Henry and Dickfeld, Timm}, month = jan, year = {2006}, pages = {186--194}, file = {186.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7PXGANXE/186.pdf:application/pdf;HighWire Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/33THV367/186.html:text/html} } @article{kanaly_sexual_2002, title = {Sexual side effects of {SSRI} medications: potential treatment strategies for {SSRI}-induced female sexual dysfunction}, volume = {2}, issn = {1534-5874 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12429073}, number = {6}, journal = {Current Women's Health Reports}, author = {Kanaly, K. A. and Berman, J. R.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/administration \& dosage/*adverse, Depressive Disorder, Major/complications/*drug therapy, effects/therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Libido, Physician-Patient Relations, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/administration \& dosage/*adverse, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/*chemically induced/complications, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/chemically induced/complications, United States}, pages = {409--16} } @incollection{soto-iglesias_evaluation_2013, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Evaluation of different mapping techniques for the integration of electro-anatomical voltage and imaging data of the left ventricle}, copyright = {{\textcopyright}2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-642-38898-9, 978-3-642-38899-6}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-38899-6_46}, abstract = {Integration of electrical and structural information about substrate in the left ventricle is very important to guide ablation therapies in ventricular tachycardia cases. This integration asks for finding a mapping between electro-anatomical voltage mapping and delay-enhancement magnetic resonance images. We present an evaluation of the accuracy of some mapping strategies, including different standard rigid and non-rigid registration techniques. We also developed a new mapping algorithm to be applied once both geometries are roughly aligned to improve the currently used simple closest point projection. The new mapping algorithm is based on establishing a homeomorphism between both surfaces using a common surface parametrization computed by mesh flattening, then preserving all original information in both modalities. We applied the different mapping strategies to clinical and synthetic data. Results demonstrated a substantial reduction of the point-to-surface error when using the non-rigid registration technique and an improved substrate overlap when using the proposed mapping algorithm.}, language = {en}, number = {7945}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, booktitle = {Functional {Imaging} and {Modeling} of the {Heart}}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, author = {Soto-Iglesias, David and Butakoff, Constantine and Andreu, David and Fern{\'a}ndez-Armenta, Juan and Berruezo, Antonio and Camara, Oscar}, editor = {Ourselin, S{\'e}bastien and Rueckert, Daniel and Smith, Nicolas}, month = jan, year = {2013}, keywords = {Cardiac arrhythmias, cardiology, Computational Biology/Bioinformatics, Computer graphics, electro-anatomical voltage mapping, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Imaging / Radiology, MRI, registration, Simulation and Modeling}, pages = {391--399}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8MQFU848/Soto-Iglesias et al. - 2013 - Evaluation of Different Mapping Techniques for the.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q6DB2VA9/978-3-642-38899-6_46.html:text/html} } @article{ramanathan_noninvasive_2004, title = {Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging for cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmia}, volume = {10}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2004 Nature Publishing Group}, issn = {1078-8956}, url = {http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v10/n4/abs/nm1011.html}, doi = {10.1038/nm1011}, abstract = {Over 7 million people worldwide die annually from erratic heart rhythms (cardiac arrhythmias), and many more are disabled. Yet there is no imaging modality to identify patients at risk, provide accurate diagnosis and guide therapy. Standard diagnostic techniques such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) provide only low-resolution projections of cardiac electrical activity on the body surface. Here we demonstrate the successful application in humans of a new imaging modality called electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI), which noninvasively images cardiac electrical activity in the heart. In ECGI, a multielectrode vest records 224 body-surface electrocardiograms; electrical potentials, electrograms and isochrones are then reconstructed on the heart's surface using geometrical information from computed tomography (CT) and a mathematical algorithm. We provide examples of ECGI application during atrial and ventricular activation and ventricular repolarization in (i) normal heart (ii) heart with a conduction disorder (right bundle branch block) (iii) focal activation initiated by right or left ventricular pacing, and (iv) atrial flutter.}, language = {en}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-27}, journal = {Nature Medicine}, author = {Ramanathan, Charulatha and Ghanem, Raja N. and Jia, Ping and Ryu, Kyungmoo and Rudy, Yoram}, month = apr, year = {2004}, pages = {422--428}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9GNNH2M5/Ramanathan et al. - 2004 - Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging for cardi.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G8KPCEAT/Ramanathan et al. - 2004 - Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging for cardi.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PE4FWHVG/nm1011.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZEQRV4S3/nm1011.html:text/html} } @article{masand_long-term_2002, title = {Long-term side effects of newer-generation antidepressants: {SSRIS}, venlafaxine, nefazodone, bupropion, and mirtazapine}, volume = {14}, issn = {1040-1237 (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {Annals of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Masand, P. S. and Gupta, S.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Bupropion/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Cyclohexanols/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Drug Interactions, Humans, Mianserin/*adverse effects/analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/chemically induced/diagnosis, Triazoles/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Weight Gain/drug effects}, pages = {175--82}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7PRKK8TN/Masand-2002-Long-term side effec.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{furberg_prevalence_1994, title = {Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in elderly subjects (the {Cardiovascular} {Health} {Study})}, volume = {74}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T10-4C7VJ8W-10R/2/cfef3e1b31538322eef150e4ac8b16f5}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(94)90363-8}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in elderly persons and a common cause of embolic stroke. Most studies of the prevalence and correlates of AF have used selected, hospital-based populations. The Cardiovascular Health Study is a population-based, longitudinal study of risk factors for coronary artery disease and stroke in 5,201 men and women aged {\textgreater}=65 years. AF was diagnosed in 4.8\% of women and in 6.2\% of men at the baseline examination, and prevalence was strongly associated with advanced age in women. Prevalence of AF was 9.1\% in men and women with clinical cardiovascular disease, 4.6\% in patients with evidence of subclinical but no clinical cardiovascular disease, and only 1.6\% in subjects with neither clinical nor subclinical cardiovascular disease. A history of congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease and stroke, echocardiographic evidence of enlarged left atrial dimension, abnormal mitral or aortic valve function, treated systemic hypertension, and advanced age were independently associated with the prevalence of AF. The low prevalence of AF in the absence of clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease calls into question the existence and clinical usefulness of the concept of so-called "lone atrial fibrillation" in the elderly.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Furberg, Curt D. and Psaty, Bruce M. and Manolio, Teri A. and Gardin, Julius M. and Smith, Vivienne E. and Rautaharju, Pentti M.}, month = aug, year = {1994}, pages = {236--241}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PTAEKQA3/Furberg et al. - 1994 - Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in elderly subje.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SHQ6XTCM/science.html:text/html} } @article{deshmukh_-hospital_2013, title = {In-hospital complications associated with catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in the {United} {States} between 2000 and 2010: {Analysis} of 93,801 procedures}, volume = {128}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/128/19/2104}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003862}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Atrial fibrillation ablation has made tremendous progress with respect to innovation, efficacy, and safety. However, limited data exist regarding the burden and trends in adverse outcomes arising from this procedure. The aim of our study was to examine the frequency of adverse events attributable to atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and the influence of operator and hospital volume on outcomes. Methods and Results{\textemdash}With the use of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we identified AF patients treated with catheter ablation. We investigated common complications including cardiac perforation and tamponade, pneumothorax, stroke, transient ischemic attack, vascular access complications (hemorrhage/hematoma, vascular complications requiring surgical repair, and accidental arterial puncture), and in-hospital death described with AF ablation, and we defined these complications by using validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes. An estimated 93 801 AF ablations were performed from 2000 to 2010. The overall frequency of complications was 6.29\% with combined cardiac complications (2.54\%) being the most frequent. Cardiac complications were followed by vascular complications (1.53\%), respiratory complications (1.3\%), and neurological complications (1.02\%). The in-hospital mortality was 0.46\%. Annual operator ({\textless}25 procedures) and hospital volume ({\textless}50 procedures) were significantly associated with adverse outcomes. There was a small (nonsignificant) rise in overall complication rates. Conclusions{\textemdash}The overall complication rate was 6.29\% in patients undergoing AF ablation. There was a significant association between operator and hospital volume and adverse outcomes. This suggests a need for future research into identifying the safety measures in AF ablations and instituting appropriate interventions to improve overall AF ablation outcomes.}, language = {en}, number = {19}, urldate = {2014-09-30}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Deshmukh, Abhishek and Patel, Nileshkumar J. and Pant, Sadip and Shah, Neeraj and Chothani, Ankit and Mehta, Kathan and Grover, Peeyush and Singh, Vikas and Vallurupalli, Srikanth and Savani, Ghanshyambhai T. and Badheka, Apurva and Tuliani, Tushar and Dabhadkar, Kaustubh and Dibu, George and Reddy, Y. Madhu and Sewani, Asif and Kowalski, Marcin and Mitrani, Raul and Paydak, Hakan and Viles-Gonzalez, Juan F.}, month = nov, year = {2013}, pmid = {24061087}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, complications}, pages = {2104--2112}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JZKXXBGT/Deshmukh et al. - 2013 - In-Hospital Complications Associated With Catheter.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q8JAAF3S/Deshmukh et al. - 2013 - In-Hospital Complications Associated With Catheter.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N4KK4GAV/2104.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/725E4QGJ/2104.html:text/html} } @article{fox_comparison_2007, title = {Comparison of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction after switching patients on other statins to rosuvastatin or simvastatin in a real-world clinical practice setting}, volume = {13 Suppl 10}, issn = {1936-2692 (Electronic)}, journal = {American Journal of Managed Care}, author = {Fox, K. M. and Gandhi, S. K. and Ohsfeldt, R. L. and Davidson, M. H.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, Female, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Heptanoic Acids/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Hypercholesterolemia/*drug therapy, Male, Medical Records Systems, Computerized, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Pyrroles/*therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Simvastatin/*therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {S270--5}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X4685RFA/Fox.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rider_broad-spectrum_2011, title = {Broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics}, volume = {6}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022572}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0022572}, abstract = {Currently there are relatively few antiviral therapeutics, and most which do exist are highly pathogen-specific or have other disadvantages. We have developed a new broad-spectrum antiviral approach, dubbed Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) Activated Caspase Oligomerizer (DRACO) that selectively induces apoptosis in cells containing viral dsRNA, rapidly killing infected cells without harming uninfected cells. We have created DRACOs and shown that they are nontoxic in 11 mammalian cell types and effective against 15 different viruses, including dengue flavivirus, Amapari and Tacaribe arenaviruses, Guama bunyavirus, and H1N1 influenza. We have also demonstrated that DRACOs can rescue mice challenged with H1N1 influenza. DRACOs have the potential to be effective therapeutics or prophylactics for numerous clinical and priority viruses, due to the broad-spectrum sensitivity of the dsRNA detection domain, the potent activity of the apoptosis induction domain, and the novel direct linkage between the two which viruses have never encountered.}, number = {7}, urldate = {2011-08-11}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, author = {Rider, Todd H. and Zook, Christina E. and Boettcher, Tara L. and Wick, Scott T. and Pancoast, Jennifer S. and Zusman, Benjamin D.}, month = jul, year = {2011}, pages = {e22572}, file = {PLoS Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TN9WDHJD/Rider et al. - 2011 - Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Therapeutics.pdf:application/pdf;PLoS Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2FIUWZFI/infodoi10.1371journal.pone.html:text/html} } @article{mahjoubi_mrp1_2008, title = {{MRP}1 polymorphisms ({T}2684C, {C}2007T, {C}2012T, and {C}2665T) are not associated with multidrug resistance in leukemic patients}, volume = {7}, issn = {1676-5680 (Electronic)}, number = {4}, journal = {Genetics and Molecular Research}, author = {Mahjoubi, F. and Akbari, S. and Montazeri, M. and Moshyri, F.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Cell Line, Tumor, Drug Resistance, Multiple/*genetics, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics, Genotype, Humans, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy/*genetics/metabolism, P-Glycoprotein/*genetics/metabolism, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/*genetics, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug, RNA, Messenger/metabolism, therapy/*genetics/metabolism}, pages = {1369--74}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QI6FD9RN/mahjoubi08.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kottkamp_specific_2002, title = {Specific linear left atrial lesions in atrial fibrillation: {Intraoperative} radiofrequency ablation using minimally invasive surgical techniques}, volume = {40}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Specific linear left atrial lesions in atrial fibrillation}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: A specific left atrial (LA) linear lesion concept for treatment of paroxysmal and permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) was tested using intraoperative ablation with minimally invasive surgical techniques. BACKGROUND: Curative treatment for patients with chronic AF is among the main challenges of interventional electrophysiology. METHODS: Seventy patients (mean age 53 +/- 10 years) with drug-refractory persistent (n = 28) or paroxysmal (n = 42) AF underwent intraoperative radiofrequency (RF) ablation using video-assisted minimally invasive techniques via a right anterolateral minithoracotomy. Contiguous lesion lines involving the mitral annulus and the orifices of the pulmonary veins were placed with RF energy application under direct vision to prevent anatomically defined LA re-entrant circuits. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 +/- 7 months in patients with permanent AF and 18 +/- 5 months in patients with paroxysmal AF. Antiarrhythmic drug treatment was instituted in patients with postoperative atrial arrhythmias to allow "reverse electrical remodeling" and was discontinued after three months. Six months following ablation, 93\% of the patients were in sinus rhythm in both groups, and after 12 months, 95\% and 97\%, respectively. As major complications, one esophagus perforation and one circumflex coronary artery stenosis were observed. CONCLUSIONS: A pure linear lesion line concept confined to the left atrium targeting specifically at elimination of anatomically defined LA "anchor" re-entrant circuits eliminated AF in {\textgreater}90\% of the patients treated with intraoperative ablation using minimally invasive surgical techniques over a mean follow-up of 1.5 years.}, language = {eng}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Kottkamp, Hans and Hindricks, Gerhard and Autschbach, R{\"u}diger and Krauss, Beate and Strasser, Bernhard and Schirdewahn, Petra and Fabricius, Alexander and Schuler, Gerhard and Mohr, Friedrich-Wilhelm}, month = aug, year = {2002}, pmid = {12142113}, keywords = {Aged, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, Atrial Fibrillation, Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation, Catheter Ablation, Echocardiography, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Atria, Heart Conduction System, Humans, Intraoperative Care, Middle Aged, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Postoperative Complications, Reoperation, stents, Time Factors}, pages = {475--480} } @inproceedings{chia_ellipse_2007, address = {San Antonio, TX, USA}, title = {Ellipse detection with {Hough} transform in one dimensional parametric space}, volume = {5}, isbn = {978-1-4244-1437-6}, doi = {10.1109/ICIP.2007.4379833}, abstract = {The main advantage of using the Hough Transform to detect ellipses is its robustness against missing data points. However, the storage and computational requirements of the Hough Transform preclude practical applications. Although there are many modifications to the Hough Transform, these modifications still demand significant storage requirement. In this paper, we present a novel ellipse detection algorithm which retains the original advantages of the Hough Transform while minimizing the storage and computation complexity. More specifically, we use an accumulator that is only one dimensional. As such, our algorithm is more effective in terms of storage requirement. In addition, our algorithm can be easily parallelized to achieve good execution time. Experimental results on both synthetic and real images demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our algorithm in which both complete and incomplete ellipses can be extracted.}, language = {English}, booktitle = {{IEEE} {International} {Conference} on {Image} {Processing}}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Chia, Alex Yong Sang and Leung, Maylor K. H. and Eng, How-Lung and Rahardja, Susanto}, month = oct, year = {2007}, keywords = {Application software, Computational complexity, computational requirements, computation complexity, Data engineering, Detection algorithms, Digital images, Ellipse detection, ellipse detection algorithm, Hough transform, Hough transforms, Image edge detection, Image processing, Noise robustness, one dimensional parametric space, Shape, Shape recognition, Space technology, Voting}, pages = {V -- 333--V -- 336}, file = {IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RTFWI5JH/Chia et al. - 2007 - Ellipse Detection with Hough Transform in One Dime.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{finn_cardiac_2006, title = {Cardiac {MR} imaging: {State} of the technology}, volume = {241}, number = {2}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Finn, J. Paul and Nael, Kambiz and Deshpande, Vibhas and Ratib, Osman and Laub, Gerhard}, year = {2006}, pages = {338--354}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/27ZG7UT5/Finn CardiacMR.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{miller_millers_2009, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Miller's {Anesthesia}}, isbn = {9780443069598 044306959X 9781416066248 (premium ed.) 1416066241 (premium ed.) 9780808924135 (International ed.) 0808924133 (International ed.)}, publisher = {Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier}, author = {Miller, Ronald D.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Anesthesia., Anesthesia Atlases., Anesthesiology methods., Anesthetics therapeutic use.} } @article{mignotte_endocardial_2001, title = {Endocardial boundary estimation and tracking in echocardiographic images using deformable template and {Markov} random fields}, volume = {4}, issn = {1433-7541}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/PL00010988}, doi = {10.1007/PL00010988}, abstract = {We present a new approach to shape-based segmentation and tracking of deformable anatomical structures in medical images, and validate this approach by detecting and tracking the endocardial contour in an echocardiographic image sequence. To this end, some global prior shape knowledge of the endocardial boundary is captured by a prototype template with a set of predefined global and local deformations to take into account its inherent natural variability over time. In this deformable model-based Bayesian segmentation, the data likelihood model relies on an accurate statistical modelling of the grey level distribution of each class present in the ultrasound image. The parameters of this distribution mixture are given by a preliminary iterative estimation step. This estimation scheme relies on a Markov Random Field prior model, and takes into account the imaging process as well as the distribution shape of each class present in the image. Then the detection and the tracking problem is stated in a Bayesian framework, where it ends up as a cost function minimisation problem for each image of the sequence. In our application, this energy optimisation problem is efficiently solved by a genetic algorithm combined with a steepest ascent procedure. This technique has been successfully applied on synthetic images, and on a real echocardiographic image sequence.}, language = {en}, number = {4}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Pattern Analysis \& Applications}, author = {Mignotte, Max and Meunier, Jean and Tardif, Jean-Claude}, month = nov, year = {2001}, keywords = {Keywords:Boundary estimation; Deformable templates; Echocardiography; Markov Random Fields; Tracking}, pages = {256--271}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BZEKQXI3/Mignotte et al. - 2001 - Endocardial Boundary E timation and Tracking in Ec.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BRREXHAZ/10.html:text/html} } @incollection{verhoek_learning_2011, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Learning optical flow propagation strategies using random forests for fast segmentation in dynamic 2D \& 3D echocardiography}, copyright = {{\textcopyright}2011 Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-642-24318-9, 978-3-642-24319-6}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-24319-6_10}, abstract = {Fast segmentation of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium in 3D+time echocardiographic sequences can provide quantitative data of heart function that can aid in clinical diagnosis and disease assessment. We present an algorithm for automatic segmentation of the LV myocardium in 2D and 3D sequences which employs learning optical flow (OF) strategies. OF motion estimation is used to propagate single-frame segmentation results of the Random Forest classifier from one frame to the next. The best strategy for propagating between frames is learned on a per-frame basis. We demonstrate that our algorithm is fast and accurate. We also show that OF propagation increases the performance of the method with respect to the static baseline procedure, and that learning the best OF propagation strategy performs better than single-strategy OF propagation.}, number = {7009}, urldate = {2013-11-21}, booktitle = {Machine {Learning} in {Medical} {Imaging}}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, author = {Verhoek, Michael and Yaqub, Mohammad and McManigle, John and Noble, J. Alison}, editor = {Suzuki, Kenji and Wang, Fei and Shen, Dinggang and Yan, Pingkun}, month = jan, year = {2011}, keywords = {Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity, Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Computer Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet), Pattern Recognition}, pages = {75--82}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KTZRUE8I/Verhoek et al. - 2011 - Learning Optical Flow Propagation Strategies Using.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X7CTB5CD/10.html:text/html} } @article{junbo_elasticity_2008, title = {Elasticity reconstruction from displacement and confidence measures of a multi-compressed ultrasound {RF} sequence}, volume = {55}, issn = {0885-3010}, number = {2}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control}, author = {Junbo, Li and Yaoyao, Cui and Kadour, M. and Noble, J. A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {axial displacement estimation error, bioacoustics, biological tissues, biomechanics, biomedical ultrasonics, cancer, cancer detection, composite probe, compressibility, compression plate, contact forces, cross-correlation method, deformation, elasticity, elasticity reconstruction, finite element analysis, finite-element-based nonlinear method, inclusions, L2-error, mechanical contact, multicompressed ultrasound RF sequence, phantom, phantoms, radio frequency data, reconstructed Young's modulus, simulated single inclusion model, soft tissue, split-and-merge strategy, static loads, strain images, torque, torques, ultrasound elasticity imaging, Young's modulus}, pages = {319--326}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KFTXD9GS/Li Elasticity.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{walker_medical_2008, title = {Medical ethics needs a new view of autonomy}, volume = {33}, issn = {1744-5019 (Electronic) 1744-5019 (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {Journal of Medical Philosophy}, author = {Walker, R. L.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Choice Behavior, *Ethics, Medical, *Personal Autonomy, Humans, Morals, Philosophy, Medical}, pages = {594--608}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XQA7UNX7/PhilosophyAutonomy.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{hippocrates_precepts_1923, address = {Boston, MA}, series = {Loeb {Classical} {Library}}, title = {Precepts}, isbn = {9780674991620}, url = {http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674991620}, abstract = {Of the roughly seventy treatises in the Hippocratic Collection, many are not by Hippocrates (said to have been born in Cos in or before 460 BCE), but they are essential sources of information about the practice of medicine in antiquity and about Greek theories concerning the human body, and he was undeniably the 'Father of Medicine.'}, language = {Greek}, number = {147}, urldate = {2014-10-14}, booktitle = {Ancient {Medicine}. {Airs}, {Waters}, {Places}. {Epidemics} 1 and 3. {The} {Oath}. {Precepts}. {Nutriment}}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, author = {{Hippocrates}}, translator = {Jones, W. H. S.}, year = {1923}, keywords = {0-674-99162-1, 978-0-674-99162-0, 674991621, 9780674991620, academic, academic publishing, Ancient Medicine. Airs, book, books, Classics \& Ancient World, Epidemics I, Epidemics III, Harvard, Harvard Press, Harvard University Press, Hippocrates, Hippocrates Volume I, Hippocratic Collection, HISTORY: Ancient: Greece, HUP, LITERARY CRITICISM: Ancient \& Classical, Loeb Classical Library, Loeb Classical Library 147, MEDICAL: History, Medicine \& Health, Places. Epidemics 1 and 3. The Oath. Precepts. Nutriment, Press, publishing, scholarly, SCIENCE: History, Science: History \& Philosophy, University, UP, Waters, W. H. S. Jones}, pages = {303--334} } @article{mcveigh_real-time_2006, title = {Real-time interactive {MRI}-guided cardiac surgery: {Aortic} valve replacement using a direct apical approach}, volume = {56}, issn = {1522-2594}, number = {5}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {McVeigh, Elliot R. and Guttman, Michael A. and Lederman, Robert J. and Li, Ming and Kocaturk, Ozgur and Hunt, Timothy and Kozlov, Shawn and Horvath, Keith A.}, year = {2006}, pages = {958--964}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/23E5TRTW/McVeigh RTMRGuided.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{greenberg_overview_1984, title = {Overview of patient compliance with medication dosing: {A} literature review}, volume = {6}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=6383611}, number = {5}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Greenberg, R. N.}, year = {1984}, keywords = {*Drug Therapy, *Patient Compliance, Adult, Child, Drug Administration Schedule, Educational Status, Humans, Income, Occupations, Self Administration, Social Class, Time Factors}, pages = {592--9} } @article{benjamin_impact_1998, title = {Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: {The} {Framingham} heart study}, volume = {98}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/98/10/946}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.98.10.946}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Atrial fibrillation (AF) causes substantial morbidity. It is uncertain whether AF is associated with excess mortality independent of associated cardiac conditions and risk factors. Methods and Results{\textemdash}We examined the mortality of subjects 55 to 94 years of age who developed AF during 40 years of follow-up of the original Framingham Heart Study cohort. Of the original 5209 subjects, 296 men and 325 women (mean ages, 74 and 76 years, respectively) developed AF and met eligibility criteria. By pooled logistic regression, after adjustment for age, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, and stroke or transient ischemic attack, AF was associated with an OR for death of 1.5 (95\% CI, 1.2 to 1.8) in men and 1.9 (95\% CI, 1.5 to 2.2) in women. The risk of mortality conferred by AF did not significantly vary by age. However, there was a significant AF-sex interaction: AF diminished the female advantage in survival. In secondary multivariate analyses, in subjects free of valvular heart disease and preexisting cardiovascular disease, AF remained significantly associated with excess mortality, with about a doubling of mortality in both sexes. Conclusions{\textemdash}In subjects from the original cohort of the Framingham Heart Study, AF was associated with a 1.5- to 1.9-fold mortality risk after adjustment for the preexisting cardiovascular conditions with which AF was related. The decreased survival seen with AF was present in men and women and across a wide range of ages.}, language = {en}, number = {10}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Benjamin, Emelia J. and Wolf, Philip A. and D{\textquoteright}Agostino, Ralph B. and Silbershatz, Halit and Kannel, William B. and Levy, Daniel}, month = sep, year = {1998}, pmid = {9737513}, keywords = {aging, Cerebrovascular Disorders, fibrillation, atrial, mortality, Prognosis, Risk Factors, stroke}, pages = {946--952}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GRDGIQPA/Benjamin et al. - 1998 - Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on the Risk of Death.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R8DAPRTG/946.html:text/html} } @article{harrison_cardiac_2014, title = {Cardiac magnetic resonance and electroanatomical mapping of acute and chronic atrial ablation injury: {A} histological validation study}, volume = {35}, copyright = {Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. {\textcopyright} The Author 2014. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.}, issn = {0195-668X, 1522-9645}, shorttitle = {Cardiac magnetic resonance and electroanatomical mapping of acute and chronic atrial ablation injury}, url = {http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/35/22/1486}, doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/eht560}, abstract = {Aims To provide a comprehensive histopathological validation of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and endocardial voltage mapping of acute and chronic atrial ablation injury. Methods and results 16 pigs underwent pre-ablation T2-weighted (T2W) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) CMR and high-density voltage mapping of the right atrium (RA) and both were repeated after intercaval linear radiofrequency ablation. Eight pigs were sacrificed following the procedure for pathological examination. A further eight pigs were recovered for 8 weeks, before chronic CMR, repeat RA voltage mapping and pathological examination. Signal intensity (SI) thresholds from 0 to 15 SD above a reference SI were used to segment the RA in CMR images and segmentations compared with real lesion volumes. The SI thresholds that best approximated histological volumes were 2.3 SD for LGE post-ablation, 14.5 SD for T2W post-ablation and 3.3 SD for LGE chronically. T2-weighted chronically always underestimated lesion volume. Acute histology showed transmural injury with coagulative necrosis. Chronic histology showed transmural fibrous scar. The mean voltage at the centre of the ablation line was 3.3 mV pre-ablation, 0.6 mV immediately post-ablation, and 0.3 mV chronically. Conclusion This study presents the first histopathological validation of CMR and endocardial voltage mapping to define acute and chronic atrial ablation injury, including SI thresholds that best match histological lesion volumes. An understanding of these thresholds may allow a more informed assessment of the underlying atrial substrate immediately after ablation and before repeat catheter ablation for atrial arrhythmias.}, language = {en}, number = {22}, urldate = {2014-10-16}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Harrison, James L. and Jensen, Henrik K. and Peel, Sarah A. and Chiribiri, Amedeo and Gr{\o}ndal, Anne K. and Bloch, Lars {\O} and Pedersen, Steen F. and Bentzon, Jacob F. and Kolbitsch, Christoph and Karim, Rashed and Williams, Steven E. and Linton, Nick W. and Rhode, Kawal S. and Gill, Jaswinder and Cooklin, Michael and Rinaldi, C. A. and Wright, Matthew and Kim, Won Y. and Schaeffter, Tobias and Razavi, Reza S. and O'Neill, Mark D.}, month = jun, year = {2014}, pmid = {24419806}, note = {Aims To provide a comprehensive histopathological validation of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and endocardial voltage mapping of acute and chronic atrial ablation injury. Methods and results 16 pigs underwent pre-ablation T2-weighted (T2W) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) CMR and high-density voltage mapping of the right atrium (RA) and both were repeated after intercaval linear radiofrequency ablation. Eight pigs were sacrificed following the procedure for pathological examination. A further eight pigs were recovered for 8 weeks, before chronic CMR, repeat RA voltage mapping and pathological examination. Signal intensity (SI) thresholds from 0 to 15 SD above a reference SI were used to segment the RA in CMR images and segmentations compared with real lesion volumes. The SI thresholds that best approximated histological volumes were 2.3 SD for LGE post-ablation, 14.5 SD for T2W post-ablation and 3.3 SD for LGE chronically. T2-weighted chronically always underestimated lesion volume. Acute histology showed transmural injury with coagulative necrosis. Chronic histology showed transmural fibrous scar. The mean voltage at the centre of the ablation line was 3.3 mV pre-ablation, 0.6 mV immediately post-ablation, and 0.3 mV chronically. Conclusion This study presents the first histopathological validation of CMR and endocardial voltage mapping to define acute and chronic atrial ablation injury, including SI thresholds that best match histological lesion volumes. An understanding of these thresholds may allow a more informed assessment of the underlying atrial substrate immediately after ablation and before repeat catheter ablation for atrial arrhythmias.}, pages = {1486--1495}, file = {1486.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JVIBQ82W/1486.full.pdf:application/pdf;1486.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7UT85KGV/1486.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JNGN99HF/1486.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VKFFTIC6/1486.html:text/html} } @article{knowles_pharmacokinetic_2008, title = {Pharmacokinetic modeling of delayed gadolinium enhancement in the myocardium}, volume = {60}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, issn = {1522-2594}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mrm.21767/abstract}, doi = {10.1002/mrm.21767}, abstract = {Delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) provides prognostic information by delineating regions of myocardial scar. The mechanism of this delayed enhancement in myocardial infarctions (MIs) is hypothesized to result from altered kinetics and changes in the volumes of distribution in the myocardium. Pharmacokinetic models with two and three compartments were fitted to the concentration-time curves of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI data obtained from five patients with known MI. Furthermore, the parameter stability was investigated in simulations for the two different models. The transfer constants and volumes of distribution showed a good correlation with imaging findings on early and delayed contrast-enhanced MRI. The two compartment model showed higher parameter stability. The three compartment model allows a more in-depth quantification of myocardial scarring. These models have the potential to improve the diagnosis of myocardial pathologies involving scar, with differing kinetics and volumes of distribution such as infarction or cardiomyopathy. Magn Reson Med 60:1524{\textendash}1530, 2008. {\textcopyright} 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Knowles, Benjamin R. and Batchelor, Philip G. and Parish, Victoria and Ginks, Matthew and Plein, Sven and Razavi, Reza and Schaeffter, Tobias}, year = {2008}, keywords = {cardiac mri, delayed contrast enhancement, infarction, pharmacokinetics, viability}, pages = {1524--1530}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D32FPATX/full.html:text/html} } @article{colander_where_2015, title = {Where do {PhDs} in {English} get jobs? {An} economist{\textquoteright}s view of the {English} {PhD} market}, volume = {15}, issn = {1531-4200, 1533-6255}, shorttitle = {Where {Do} {PhDs} in {English} {Get} {Jobs}?}, url = {http://pedagogy.dukejournals.org/content/15/1/139}, doi = {10.1215/15314200-2799276}, abstract = {This is an economist{\textquoteright}s consideration of the PhD job market in English and comparative literature. It provides data about the job market at schools in various tiers, demonstrating that supply of new English PhDs far exceeds demand for English PhDs in tenure-track academic jobs. It suggests a number of policies to improve the situation, including that the MLA strongly encourage programs to provide better job placement data to applying students, programs be tailored to prepare students for the jobs they actually have a chance of getting, and the culminating research focus of the program be rethought.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-03-17}, journal = {Pedagogy}, author = {Colander, David and Zhuo, Daisy}, month = jan, year = {2015}, keywords = {data, English PhD, job market, policy}, pages = {139--156}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2CQAIIUZ/Colander and Zhuo - 2015 - Where Do PhDs in English Get Jobs An Economist{\textquoteright}s .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VC5XQ2J4/Colander and Zhuo - 2015 - Where Do PhDs in English Get Jobs An Economist{\textquoteright}s .html:text/html} } @article{bonow_acc/aha_2006, title = {{ACC}/{AHA} 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease}, volume = {114}, number = {5}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Bonow, Robert O. and Carabello, Blase A. and Chatterjee, Kanu and de Leon, Antonio C. and Faxon, David P. and Freed, Michael D. and Gaasch, William H. and Lytle, Bruce Whitney and Nishimura, Rick A. and O'Gara, Patrick T. and O'Rourke, Robert A. and Otto, Catherine M. and Shah, Pravin M. and Shanewise, Jack S.}, year = {2006}, pages = {e84--231}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9CK7ZT2K/AHA Valve.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{law_quantifying_2003, title = {Quantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke: {Systematic} review and meta-analysis}, volume = {326}, issn = {1468-5833 (Electronic)}, number = {7404}, journal = {British Medical Journal}, author = {Law, M. R. and Wald, N. J. and Rudnicka, A. R.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, Cohort Studies, Double-Blind Method, effects/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse, Myocardial Ischemia/*prevention \& control, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors, Stroke/*prevention \& control}, pages = {1423}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZZWHCVNT/Law-2003-Quantifying effect o.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{rajpoot_multiview_2009, address = {Nice, France}, title = {Multiview {RT}3D {Echocardiography} {Image} {Fusion}}, booktitle = {5th {International} {Conference} on {Functional} {Imaging} and {Modelling} of the {Heart}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Rajpoot, Kashif and Noble, Alison J. and Grau, Vicente and Szmigielski, Cezary and Becher, Harald}, year = {2009}, file = {fimh2009kmr.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/92CUKXZ2/fimh2009kmr.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{proietti_comparative_2014, title = {Comparative effectiveness of wide antral versus ostial pulmonary vein isolation: {A} systematic review and meta-analysis}, volume = {7}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/7/1/39}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000922}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}For the past decade, electric pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has become a procedure implemented worldwide for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Currently, 2 main approaches are used for PVI: ostial isolation of the PVs and wide antral PVI. The aims of this systematic review are to evaluate the relative merits of each technique with a pooled comparative analysis of efficacy and complications. Methods and Results{\textemdash}Studies were identified by searching electronic databases for studies on ostial versus antral PVI. Information was extracted from each included trial. Odds ratio was the primary measure of treatment effect or side effects. The proportion of patients with recurrences of atrial fibrillation or other atrial tachyarrhythmias was evaluated at the end of the follow-up periods in 12 trials, including 1183 patients. The recurrence rate of total supraventricular arrhythmias was significantly lower in wide antral than in segmental PVI group (odds ratio, 0.42; 95\% confidence interval, 0.32{\textendash}0.56; P{\textless}0.00001). Atrial fibrillation recurrence was significantly lower in the wide antral group (odds ratio, 0.33; 95\% confidence interval, 0.24{\textendash}0.46; P{\textless}0,00001). A trend toward a higher incidence of left atrial tachycardia occurrence in the wide antral circumferential ablation group was detected, which did not reach statistical significance (odds ratio, 1.53; 95\% confidence interval, 0.88{\textendash}2.69; P=0.13). Conclusions{\textemdash}Our primary finding is that PVI performed with a wide antral approach is more effective than ostial PVI in achieving freedom from total atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence at long-term follow-up.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-11-24}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Proietti, Riccardo and Santangeli, Pasquale and Di Biase, Luigi and Joza, Jacqueline and Bernier, Martin Louis and Wang, Yang and Sagone, Antonio and Viecca, Maurizio and Essebag, Vidal and Natale, Andrea}, month = feb, year = {2014}, pmid = {24385448}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, atrial fibrillation ablation, pulmonary vein isolation, wide antral}, pages = {39--45}, file = {Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol-2014-Proietti-39-45.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9I34JZ8X/Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol-2014-Proietti-39-45.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VP359FCB/39.html:text/html} } @book{ross_histology_2006, address = {Baltimore, MD}, title = {Histology: {A} {Text} and {Atlas} with {Correlated} {Cell} and {Molecular} {Biology}}, isbn = {0-7817-7221-4}, publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins}, author = {Ross, Michael H. and Pawlina, Wojciech P.}, year = {2006} } @article{newland_dental_2007, title = {Dental injury associated with anesthesia: {A} report of 161,687 anesthetics given over 14 years}, volume = {19}, issn = {0952-8180 (Print) 0952-8180 (Linking)}, number = {5}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Anesthesia}, author = {Newland, M. C. and Ellis, S. J. and Peters, K. R. and Simonson, J. A. and Durham, T. M. and Ullrich, F. A. and Tinker, J. H.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Intubation, Intratracheal/*adverse effects/instrumentation, Laryngoscopy/*adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tooth Avulsion/*etiology/physiopathology, Tooth Crown/*injuries, Tooth Fractures/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy}, pages = {339--45}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BPXRIPFM/DentalInjuryAnesth.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{cox_surgical_1991, title = {The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. {III}. {Development} of a definitive surgical procedure}, volume = {101}, issn = {0022-5223}, abstract = {On the basis of the known electrophysiologic mechanisms of atrial fibrillation, multiple surgical procedures were designed and tested in dogs to determine the feasibility of developing a surgical cure for human atrial fibrillation. These experimental studies culminated in a surgical approach that effectively creates an electrical maze in the atrium. The atrial incisions prevent atrial reentry and allow sinus impulses to activate the entire atrial myocardium, thereby preserving atrial transport function postoperatively. Since September 1987, this surgical procedure has been applied in seven patients, five with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation of 2 to 9 years' duration and two with chronic atrial fibrillation of 3 and 10 years' duration. All seven patients have been cured of atrial fibrillation and none is receiving any postoperative antiarrhythmic medications.}, language = {eng}, number = {4}, journal = {The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery}, author = {Cox, J. L. and Schuessler, R. B. and D'Agostino, H. J. and Stone, C. M. and Chang, B. C. and Cain, M. E. and Corr, P. B. and Boineau, J. P.}, month = apr, year = {1991}, pmid = {2008095}, keywords = {Adult, Animals, Atrial Fibrillation, Dogs, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Female, Hemodynamics, Humans, Male, Methods, Middle Aged}, pages = {569--583} } @article{sugeng_left_2003, title = {Left ventricular assessment using real time three dimensional echocardiography}, volume = {89}, number = {90003}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Sugeng, L. and Weinert, L. and Lang, R. M.}, year = {2003}, pages = {29iii--36}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XCH4DZJG/Sugeng AssessLV3dEcho.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ausma_structural_1997, title = {Structural changes of atrial myocardium due to sustained atrial fibrillation in the goat}, volume = {96}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/96/9/3157}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.96.9.3157}, abstract = {Background After cardioversion of sustained atrial fibrillation (AF), the electrical and contractile functions of the atria are impaired, and recurrences of AF frequently occur. Whether remodeling of the structure of atrial myocardium is the basis for this problem is not known. Methods and Results Sustained AF was induced by electrical pacing in 13 goats instrumented long-term. The goats were killed after 9 to 23 weeks, and the atrial myocardium was examined by light and electron microscopy. The changes were quantified in left and right atrial free walls, appendages, trabeculae, the interatrial septum, and the bundle of Bachmann. A substantial proportion of the atrial myocytes (up to 92\%) revealed marked changes in their cellular substructures, such as loss of myofibrils, accumulation of glycogen, changes in mitochondrial shape and size, fragmentation of sarcoplasmic reticulum, and dispersion of nuclear chromatin. These changes were accompanied by an increase in size of the myocytes (up to 195\%). There were virtually no signs of cellular degeneration, and the interstitial space remained unaltered. The duration of sustained AF did not significantly affect the degree of myolytic cell changes. Conclusions Sustained AF in goats leads to predominantly structural changes in the atrial myocytes similar to those seen in ventricular myocytes from chronic hibernating myocardium. These structural changes may explain the depressed contractile function of atrial myocardium after cardioversion. This goat model of AF offers a new approach to study the cascade of events leading to sustained AF and its maintenance.}, language = {en}, number = {9}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Ausma, Jannie and Wijffels, Maurits and Thon{\'e}, Fred and Wouters, Luc and Allessie, Maurits and Borgers, Marcel}, month = nov, year = {1997}, pmid = {9386188}, keywords = {atrium, fibrillation, myocytes, structure, stunning, myocardial}, pages = {3157--3163}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9J8RM94T/3157.html:text/html} } @article{gerber_characterization_2006, title = {Characterization of acute and chronic myocardial infarcts by multidetector computed tomography: {Comparison} with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance}, volume = {113}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/113/6/823}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.529511}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} We evaluated whether contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (CE-MDCT) might characterize myocardial infarct (MI) with patterns similar to those obtained by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (CE-MR) and studied the underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results{\textemdash} In vivo infarct characterization by CE-MDCT was shown to be feasible between 4 and 20 minutes after contrast injection in 7 pigs with MI. Subsequently, in 16 patients with acute MI and 21 patients with chronic MI, contrast patterns by CE-MDCT were related to CE-MR. Eighteen patients had hypoenhanced regions on early CE-MDCT images at the time of coronary imaging, and 34 patients had hyperenhanced regions on images acquired 10 minutes later. On a segmental basis, there was moderately good concordance of early hypoenhanced regions (92\%, $\kappa$=0.54, P{\textless}0.001) and late hyperenhanced regions (82\%, $\kappa$=0.61, P{\textless}0.001) between CE-MDCT and CE-MR. Absolute sizes of early hypoenhanced (6{\textpm}16 versus 7{\textpm}16 g, P=0.25) and late hyperenhanced (36{\textpm}34 versus 31{\textpm}40 g, P=0.14) regions were similar on CE-MDCT and CE-MR and were highly correlated (r=0.93, P{\textless}0.001 and r=0.89, P{\textless}0.001 respectively). In 8 retrogradely perfused infarcted rabbit hearts, contrast kinetics of iomeprol were similar to gadodiamide, ie, slow wash in (8.7{\textpm}6.7 versus 1.2{\textpm}0.3 minutes, P{\textless}0.001) in infarct core and slow washout (20{\textpm}12 versus 2.5{\textpm}0.5 minutes, P{\textless}0.001) in both infarct core and rim compared with the remote region. Conclusions{\textemdash} Because iodated contrast agents have similar kinetics in infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium as gadolinium DPTA, CE-MDCT can characterize acute and chronic MI with contrast patterns similar to CE-MR. CE-MDCT may thus provide important information on infarct size and viability at the time of noninvasive coronary imaging.}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Gerber, Bernhard L. and Belge, B{\'e}n{\'e}dicte and Legros, Gabin J. and Lim, Pascal and Poncelet, Alain and Pasquet, Agn{\`e}s and Gisellu, Giovanna and Coche, Emmanuel and Vanoverschelde, Jean-Louis J.}, month = feb, year = {2006}, pmid = {16461822}, keywords = {Contrast Media, imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, multigated computed tomography, Myocardial Infarction}, pages = {823--833}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/REBXAZTR/Gerber et al. - 2006 - Characterization of Acute and Chronic Myocardial I.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3Q5SHKHZ/823.html:text/html} } @article{lip_refining_2010, title = {Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: {The} euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation}, volume = {137}, issn = {0012-3692}, shorttitle = {Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.09-1584}, doi = {10.1378/chest.09-1584}, abstract = {Background:~ Contemporary clinical risk stratification schemata for predicting stroke and thromboembolism (TE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are largely derived from risk factors identified from trial cohorts. Thus, many potential risk factors have not been included.Methods: We refined the 2006 Birmingham/National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) stroke risk stratification schema into a risk factor-based approach by reclassifying and/or incorporating additional new risk factors where relevant. This schema was then compared with existing stroke risk stratification schema in a real-world cohort of patients with AF (n = 1,084) from the Euro Heart Survey for AF.Results: Risk categorization differed widely between the different schemes compared. Patients classified as high risk ranged from 10.2\% with the Framingham schema to 75.7\% with the Birmingham 2009 schema. The classic CHADS2 (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age {\textgreater} 75, Diabetes, prior Stroke/transient ischemic attack) schema categorized the largest proportion (61.9\%) into the intermediate-risk strata, whereas the Birmingham 2009 schema classified 15.1\% into this category. The Birmingham 2009 schema classified only 9.2\% as low risk, whereas the Framingham scheme categorized 48.3\% as low risk. Calculated C-statistics suggested modest predictive value of all schema for TE. The Birmingham 2009 schema fared marginally better (C-statistic, 0.606) than CHADS2. However, those classified as low risk by the Birmingham 2009 and NICE schema were truly low risk with no TE events recorded, whereas TE events occurred in 1.4\% of low-risk CHADS2 subjects. When expressed as a scoring system, the Birmingham 2009 schema (CHA2DS2-VASc acronym) showed an increase in TE rate with increasing scores (P value for trend = .003).Conclusions: Our novel, simple stroke risk stratification schema, based on a risk factor approach, provides some improvement in predictive value for TE over the CHADS2 schema, with low event rates in low-risk subjects and the classification of only a small proportion of subjects into the intermediate-risk category. This schema could improve our approach to stroke risk stratification in patients with AF.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Chest}, author = {Lip, Gregory Y. H. and Nieuwlaat, Robby and Pisters, Ron and Lane, Deirdre A. and Crijns, Harry J. G. M.}, month = feb, year = {2010}, pages = {263--272}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PMDSSH3H/Lip et al. - 2010 - Refining clinical risk stratification for predicti.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{graham_incidence_2004, title = {Incidence of hospitalized rhabdomyolysis in patients treated with lipid-lowering drugs}, volume = {292}, issn = {1538-3598 (Electronic)}, number = {21}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Graham, D. J. and Staffa, J. A. and Shatin, D. and Andrade, S. E. and Schech, S. D. and La Grenade, L. and Gurwitz, J. H. and Chan, K. A. and Goodman, M. J. and Platt, R.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Antilipemic Agents/*adverse effects, Clofibric Acid/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects, dosage/*adverse effects, Drug Therapy, Combination, Hospitalization, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration \&, Incidence, Rhabdomyolysis/*chemically induced/*epidemiology, Risk}, pages = {2585--90}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D35QPJH3/Graham-2004-Incidence of hospita.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{leung_probabilistic_2010, title = {Probabilistic framework for tracking in artifact-prone 3D echocardiograms}, volume = {14}, issn = {13618415}, url = {http://www.medicalimageanalysisjournal.com/article/S1361-8415(10)00066-6/abstract}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2010.06.003}, number = {6}, urldate = {2010-11-03}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Leung, K.Y. Esther and Danilouchkine, Mikhail G. and van Stralen, Marijn and de Jong, Nico and van der Steen, Antonius F. W. and Bosch, Johan G.}, month = dec, year = {2010}, pages = {750--758}, file = {Leung-MedIA2010.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BCQWVATN/Leung-MedIA2010.pdf:application/pdf;Probabilistic framework for tracking in artifact-prone 3D echocardiograms:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PDNTIF8P/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{han_comprehensive_2006, title = {Comprehensive analysis of {UGT}1A polymorphisms predictive for pharmacokinetics and treatment outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with irinotecan and cisplatin}, volume = {24}, issn = {1527-7755 (Electronic)}, number = {15}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author = {Han, J. Y. and Lim, H. S. and Shin, E. S. and Yoo, Y. K. and Park, Y. H. and Lee, J. E. and Jang, I. J. and Lee, D. H. and Lee, J. S.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy, Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics, Camptothecin/administration \& dosage/adverse effects/*analogs \&, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology, Cisplatin/administration \& dosage/pharmacokinetics, derivatives/pharmacokinetics, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Korea, Lung Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Predictive Value of Tests, Protocols/*pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {2237--44}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XTCBAK6N/Han-2006-Comprehensive analys.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{moran_resolution_2014, title = {The {Resolution} {Integral} {\textendash} a tool for characterising the performance of diagnostic ultrasound scanners}, volume = {22}, issn = {1742-271X, 1743-1344}, url = {http://ult.sagepub.com/content/22/1/37}, doi = {10.1177/1742271X13518202}, abstract = {In this paper, we describe how the resolution integral can be used as a tool for characterising the grey-scale imaging of diagnostic ultrasound scanners. The definitions of resolution integral, characteristic resolution and depth of field are discussed in relation to grey-scale imaging performance, together with a method of measuring these parameters using the Edinburgh Pipe Phantom. We show how the characteristic resolution and depth of field can be used to quantify the differences between transducers designed for different applications and how they are useful in identifying and quantifying changes in the performance of individual transducers.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-25}, journal = {Ultrasound}, author = {Moran, Carmel M. and Inglis, Scott and Pye, Stephen D.}, month = feb, year = {2014}, keywords = {Edinburgh Pipe Phantom, Image quality, Quality assurance, resolution integral}, pages = {37--43}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4HFK6WC3/37.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{stebbing_interpreting_2012, address = {Barcelona}, title = {Interpreting edge information for improved endocardium delineation in echocardiograms}, doi = {10.1109/ISBI.2012.6235528}, abstract = {Successful segmentation of the left ventricle in echocardiograms relies on strong edge responses to ensure that segmentation methods converge to the endocardial boundary. However, segmentation methods that do not interpret edge responses using local shape information or global context are often led astray by imaging artifacts. An extension to a boundary fragment model borrowed from computer vision literature is presented as a method for determining which edge responses contribute to the endocardial boundary. To demonstrate its applicability, the proposed method is applied to a data set composed of long-axis echocardiogram slices from five subjects. Results show that the process is effective at locating the endocardium and identifying the edge responses which correspond to the endocardial boundary.}, booktitle = {9th {IEEE} {International} {Symposium} on {Biomedical} {Imaging} ({ISBI})}, author = {Stebbing, R. V. and McManigle, J. E. and Noble, J. A.}, month = may, year = {2012}, keywords = {Adaptation models, astray imaging artifacts, Biomedical image processing, boundary fragment model, Computational modeling, computer vision, computer vision literature, Echocardiography, edge information interpretation, endocardial boundary, endocardium delineation, global context, Image edge detection, image segmentation, imaging, left ventricle segmentation, local shape information, long-axis echocardiogram slices, medical image processing, Training, Vectors}, pages = {238--241}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/STCGQHAV/articleDetails.html:text/html} } @article{abrishami_sugammadex_2009, title = {Sugammadex, a selective reversal medication for preventing postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade}, issn = {1469-493X (Electronic) 1361-6137 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews}, author = {Abrishami, A. and Ho, J. and Wong, J. and Yin, L. and Chung, F.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Neuromuscular Blockade, Adult, Androstanols/antagonists \& inhibitors, Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology, gamma-Cyclodextrins/*pharmacology, Humans, Neostigmine/pharmacology, Neuromuscular Junction/*drug effects, Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents/*antagonists \& inhibitors, Pancuronium/antagonists \& inhibitors, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Vecuronium Bromide/antagonists \& inhibitors}, pages = {CD007362}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KQMH9V5P/Sugammadex18.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{portenoy_nature_1990, title = {The nature of opioid responsiveness and its implications for neuropathic pain: {New} hypotheses derived from studies of opioid infusions}, volume = {43}, issn = {0304-3959 (Print) 0304-3959 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Pain}, author = {Portenoy, R. K. and Foley, K. M. and Inturrisi, C. E.}, year = {1990}, keywords = {*Models, Neurological, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Hydromorphone/therapeutic use, Male, Narcotics/*therapeutic use, Nervous System Diseases/*physiopathology, Pain/physiopathology, Pregnancy}, pages = {273--86}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KS5ZRB9T/OpioidsNeuropathPain.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ng_resolution_2011, title = {Resolution in ultrasound imaging}, volume = {11}, issn = {1743-1816, 1743-1824}, url = {http://ceaccp.oxfordjournals.org/content/11/5/186}, doi = {10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkr030}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2015-04-26}, journal = {Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care \& Pain}, author = {Ng, Alexander and Swanevelder, Justiaan}, month = oct, year = {2011}, keywords = {2A04}, pages = {186--192}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XHBAX46C/Ng and Swanevelder - 2011 - Resolution in ultrasound imaging.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AHJQ9CX2/186.html:text/html} } @article{stebbing_delineating_2013, title = {Delineating anatomical boundaries using the boundary fragment model}, volume = {17}, issn = {1361-8415}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841513001084}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2013.07.001}, abstract = {In this paper we present a method to automatically isolate relevant anatomical boundary positions in an image using only the structure of edges. The purpose of this method is to facilitate model-based segmentation algorithms which rely on accurate initialisation and assume that the correct anatomical boundary positions are close to the current model surface. The method is built around a weak parts-based shape model {\textendash} the Boundary Fragment Model (BFM) {\textendash} which represents an object by sections of its boundary. Following previous literature, we use the BFM in a boosted classifier framework to first automatically detect the object of interest. Extending previous work, we use the BFM to drive a classifier which isolates boundary candidates from spurious and irrelevant edge responses. The application of our algorithm leads to a labelled edge map which encodes the positions of (multiple) object boundaries. By way of illustrating what is a general solution, the task of identifying the endocardium and epicardium in three-dimensional ultrasound images is completely examined, including a detailed analysis of the parameters which impact on the model construction, the structure of the learned edge response classifier, and implementation concerns. For completeness, we also demonstrate how the output boundary positions can be used in a full model-based segmentation framework.}, number = {8}, urldate = {2015-04-28}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Stebbing, Richard V. and Noble, J. Alison}, month = dec, year = {2013}, keywords = {Machine learning, Segmentation, Shape model}, pages = {1123--1136}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/INVXTXTD/Stebbing and Noble - 2013 - Delineating anatomical boundaries using the bounda.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EWXEEBKQ/S1361841513001084.html:text/html} } @article{grayburn_how_2008, title = {How to measure severity of mitral regurgitation}, volume = {84}, number = {994}, journal = {Postgraduate Medical Journal}, author = {Grayburn, P. A.}, year = {2008}, pages = {395--402}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JWN29JBP/Grayburn MeasureRegurg.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lin_pulmonary_2012, title = {Pulmonary vein antral isolation and nonpulmonary vein trigger ablation without additional substrate modification for treating longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation}, volume = {23}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, issn = {1540-8167}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2012.02307.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/j.1540-8167.2012.02307.x}, abstract = {PV Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. Introduction: Effectiveness of antral pulmonary vein isolation (PVAI) and ablation of non-PV triggers (non-PVTA) in controlling longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been reported. We sought to describe clinical outcomes with this ablation strategy in patients (pts) followed for at least 1 year. Methods: Two hundred pts underwent PVAI for longstanding persistent AF and were followed for recurrence. Thirty-three pts with {\textless}1-year follow-up and 37 pts with additional RF atrial ablation were excluded, leaving 130 pts for analysis. Results: All 130 pts (108 men, mean LA 4.7~{\textpm}~0.6 cm, mean AF duration of 38~{\textpm}~44 months) underwent PVAI with entrance/exit block. In addition, 24 pts (15 pts during the initial procedure and 9 additional pts at repeat ablations) had 40 non-PVTA, including 3 with AVNRT. During follow-up, atrial flutter (AFL) was noted in 7 (5\%) pts. The AF-free survival after single procedure without antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) was 38\%. Repeat AF or AFL ablation was performed in 37 pts (28\%) with PV reconnection uniformly identified (3.7~{\textpm}~0.5 veins/pt). During mean follow-up of 41.1~{\textpm}~23.8 months (range 12{\textendash}103 months), 85/130 pts (65\%) were in sinus rhythm with 65 pts (50\%) off AAD, 20 pts (15\%) on AAD. Additionally, 9 pts (7\%) have had rare episodes of AF such that 72\% of pts have had good long-term clinical outcome. Of the 36 pts with recurrent AF, 20 pts have not had a repeat procedure. Conclusions: PVAI with non-PVTA for longstanding persistent AF provides good long-term AF control in over 70\% of patients with infrequent (5\%) AFL. AAD therapy and repeat PVAI may be required for this optimal outcome. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 806-813, August 2012)}, language = {en}, number = {8}, urldate = {2014-11-25}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Lin, David and Frankel, David S. and Zado, Erica S. and Gerstenfeld, Edward and Dixit, Sanjay and Callans, David J. and Riley, Michael and Hutchinson, Mathew and Garcia, Fermin and Bala, Rupa and Verdino, Ralph and Cooper, Joshua and Marchlinski, Francis E.}, month = aug, year = {2012}, keywords = {antiarrhythmic drug, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, persistent atrial fibrillation, pulmonary vein isolation}, pages = {806--813}, file = {j.1540-8167.2012.02307.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/E6JRVESM/j.1540-8167.2012.02307.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IDDP3CBB/abstract.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{myronenko_lv_2007, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, series = {{MICCAI}'07}, title = {{LV} motion tracking from 3D echocardiography using textural and structural information}, isbn = {3-540-75758-9, 978-3-540-75758-0}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1775835.1775895}, urldate = {2011-11-20}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th {International} {Conference} on {Medical} {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Myronenko, Andriy and Song, Xubo and Sahn, David J.}, year = {2007}, pages = {428--435} } @article{garman_genomic_2008, title = {A genomic approach to colon cancer risk stratification yields biologic insights into therapeutic opportunities}, volume = {105}, issn = {1091-6490 (Electronic)}, number = {49}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Science}, author = {Garman, K. S. and Acharya, C. R. and Edelman, E. and Grade, M. and Gaedcke, J. and Sud, S. and Barry, W. and Diehl, A. M. and Provenzale, D. and Ginsburg, G. S. and Ghadimi, B. M. and Ried, T. and Nevins, J. R. and Mukherjee, S. and Hsu, D. and Potti, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy/epidemiology/genetics, *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis/epidemiology/genetics, *Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use, Cell Line, Tumor, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology, Genomics, Phenotype, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Risk Factors}, pages = {19432--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FTMQIT6Q/Garman-2008-A genomic approach t.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{grundy_implications_2004, title = {Implications of recent clinical trials for the {National} {Cholesterol} {Education} {Program} {Adult} {Treatment} {Panel} {III} guidelines}, volume = {110}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Grundy, S. M. and Cleeman, J. I. and Merz, C. N. and Brewer, H. B. and Clark, L. T. and Hunninghake, D. B. and Pasternak, R. C. and Smith, S. C. and Stone, N. J.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {*Practice Guidelines as Topic, Aged, Anticholesteremic Agents/*therapeutic use, Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use, Antilipemic Agents/therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Clinical Trials as Topic/statistics \& numerical data, Comorbidity, Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology, Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Hypercholesterolemia/epidemiology/*prevention \& control, Hypertension/drug therapy/epidemiology, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy, Patient Education as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/statistics \& numerical data, Risk, Risk Factors, Thrombolytic Therapy}, pages = {227--39}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SJRI8Z7H/Grundy-2004-Implications of rece.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{grau_registration_2007, title = {Registration of multiview real-time 3-{D} echocardiographic sequences}, volume = {26}, issn = {0278-0062}, number = {9}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Grau, V. and Becher, H. and Noble, J. A.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {apical echocardiographic dataset, automatic image registration, cardiac anatomy analysis, cardiac function analysis, Echocardiography, image orientation, image phase, Image registration, image sequence analysis, landmark initialization, medical image processing, multiscale, multiview echocardiographic sequences, parasternal echocardiographic dataset, real time 3D echocardiography, similarity measure, ultrasound images}, pages = {1154--1165}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BAC6IIGT/Grau rt3DEchoReg.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mccleane_opioids_2007, title = {Opioids for persistent noncancer pain}, volume = {25}, issn = {1932-2275 (Print)}, number = {4}, journal = {Anesthesiology Clinics}, author = {McCleane, G. and Smith, H. S.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Chronic Disease, Drug Tolerance, Female, Humans, Male, Pain/*drug therapy, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {787--807, vi--ii}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/STRTV9K2/McCleane.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{humerickhouse_characterization_2000, title = {Characterization of {CPT}-11 hydrolysis by human liver carboxylesterase isoforms {hCE}-1 and {hCE}-2}, volume = {60}, issn = {0008-5472 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Humerickhouse, R. and Lohrbach, K. and Li, L. and Bosron, W. F. and Dolan, M. E.}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Amino Acid Sequence, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*metabolism/pharmacology, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology, Carboxylesterase, Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/*metabolism, Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism/pharmacology, Humans, Hydrolysis, Isoenzymes/metabolism, Liver/*enzymology, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Alignment}, pages = {1189--92}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KN4HSUNB/Humerickhouse-2000-Characterization of.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{gagliardi_conventional_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Conventional tomography}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Littleton, J. T. and Littleton, M. L. Durizch}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {369--401}, file = {RCI_D_c15.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XEETRX3X/RCI_D_c15.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ranjan_gaps_2011, title = {Gaps in the ablation line as a potential cause of recovery from electrical isolation and their visualization using {MRI}}, volume = {4}, issn = {1941-3084}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.110.960567}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Ablation has become an important tool in treating atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia, yet the recurrence rates remain high. It is well established that ablation lines can be discontinuous and that conduction through the gaps in ablation lines can be affected by tissue heating. In this study, we looked at the effect of tissue conductivity and propagation of electric wave fronts across ablation lines with gaps, using both simulations and an animal model. METHODS AND RESULTS For the simulations, we implemented a 2-dimensional bidomain model of the cardiac syncytium, simulating ablation lines with gaps of varying lengths, conductivity, and orientation. For the animal model, transmural ablation lines with a gap were created in 7 mongrel dogs. The gap length was progressively decreased until there was conduction block. The ablation line with a gap was then imaged using MRI and was correlated with histology. With normal conductivity in the gap and the ablation line oriented parallel to the fiber direction, the simulation predicted that the maximum gap length that exhibited conduction block was 1.4 mm. As the conductivity was decreased, the maximum gap length with conduction block increased substantially, that is, with a conductivity of 67\% of normal, the maximum gap length with conduction block increased to 4 mm. In the canine studies, the maximum gap length that displayed conduction block acutely as measured by gross pathology correlated well (R(2) of 0.81) with that measured by MRI. CONCLUSIONS Conduction block can occur across discontinuous ablation lines. Moreover, with recovery of conductivity over time, ablation lines with large gaps exhibiting acute conduction block may recover propagation in the gap over time, allowing recurrences of arrhythmias. The ability to see gaps acutely using MRI will allow for targeting these sites for ablation.}, number = {3}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Ranjan, Ravi and Kato, Ritsushi and Zviman, Menekhem M. and Dickfeld, Timm M. and Roguin, Ariel and Berger, Ronald D. and Tomaselli, Gordon F. and Halperin, Henry R.}, month = jun, year = {2011}, pmid = {21493875}, keywords = {Animals, Atrial Fibrillation, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Catheter Ablation, Disease Models, Animal, Dogs, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Atria, Heart Conduction System, Heart Rate, Intraoperative Period, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Recovery of Function, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {279--286}, file = {Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol-2011-Ranjan-279-86.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X9CP3UZC/Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol-2011-Ranjan-279-86.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{committee_on_adolescence_contraception_2014, title = {Contraception for adolescents}, issn = {0031-4005, 1098-4275}, url = {http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2014/09/24/peds.2014-2299}, doi = {10.1542/peds.2014-2299}, abstract = {Contraception is a pillar in reducing adolescent pregnancy rates. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that pediatricians develop a working knowledge of contraception to help adolescents reduce risks of and negative health consequences related to unintended pregnancy. Over the past 10 years, a number of new contraceptive methods have become available to adolescents, newer guidance has been issued on existing contraceptive methods, and the evidence base for contraception for special populations (adolescents who have disabilities, are obese, are recipients of solid organ transplants, or are HIV infected) has expanded. The Academy has addressed contraception since 1980, and this policy statement updates the 2007 statement on contraception and adolescents. It provides the pediatrician with a description and rationale for best practices in counseling and prescribing contraception for adolescents. It is supported by an accompanying technical report.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-11-12}, journal = {Pediatrics}, author = {{Committee on Adolescence}}, month = sep, year = {2014}, pmid = {25266430}, keywords = {adolescent, birth control, contraception, contraceptive implant, contraceptive injection, intrauterine device, oral contraceptive pills}, pages = {peds.2014--2299}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FFN3FIQQ/Adolescence - 2014 - Contraception for Adolescents.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JRPE2F6Q/Adolescence - 2014 - Contraception for Adolescents.html:text/html} } @article{narayan_treatment_2012, title = {Treatment of atrial fibrillation by the ablation of localized sources: {CONFIRM} (conventional ablation for atrial fibrillation with or without focal impulse and rotor modulation) trial}, volume = {60}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2012.05.022}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2012.05.022}, abstract = {Objectives~ We hypothesized that human atrial fibrillation (AF) may be sustained by localized sources (electrical rotors and focal impulses), whose elimination (focal impulse and rotor modulation [FIRM]) may improve outcome from AF ablation.Background~ Catheter ablation for AF is a promising therapy, whose success is limited in part by uncertainty in the mechanisms that sustain AF. We developed a computational approach to map whether AF is sustained by several meandering waves (the prevailing hypothesis) or localized sources, then prospectively tested whether targeting patient-specific mechanisms revealed by mapping would improve AF ablation outcome.Methods~ We recruited 92 subjects during 107 consecutive ablation procedures for paroxysmal or persistent (72\%) AF. Cases were prospectively treated, in a 2-arm 1:2 design, by ablation at sources (FIRM-guided) followed by conventional ablation (n = 36), or conventional ablation alone (n = 71; FIRM-blinded).Results~ Localized rotors or focal impulses were detected in 98 (97\%) of 101 cases with sustained AF, each exhibiting 2.1 {\textpm} 1.0 sources. The acute endpoint (AF termination or consistent slowing) was achieved in 86\% of FIRM-guided cases versus 20\% of FIRM-blinded cases (p {\textless} 0.001). FIRM ablation alone at the primary source terminated AF in a median 2.5 min (interquartile range: 1.0 to 3.1 min). Total ablation time did not differ between groups (57.8 {\textpm} 22.8 min vs. 52.1 {\textpm} 17.8 min, p = 0.16). During a median 273 days (interquartile range: 132 to 681 days) after a single procedure, FIRM-guided cases had higher freedom from AF (82.4\% vs. 44.9\%; p {\textless} 0.001) after a single procedure than FIRM-blinded cases with rigorous, often implanted, electrocardiography monitoring. Adverse events did not differ between groups.Conclusions~ Localized electrical rotors and focal impulse sources are prevalent sustaining mechanisms for human AF. FIRM ablation at patient-specific sources acutely terminated or slowed AF, and improved outcome. These results offer a novel mechanistic framework and treatment paradigm for AF. (Conventional Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation With or Without Focal Impulse and Rotor Modulation [CONFIRM]; NCT01008722)}, number = {7}, urldate = {2013-04-22}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Narayan, Sanjiv M. and Krummen, David E. and Shivkumar, Kalyanam and Clopton, Paul and Rappel, Wouter-Jan and Miller, John M.}, month = aug, year = {2012}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, impulse}, pages = {628--636}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/V6BG8NXB/Narayan et al. - 2012 - Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation by the Ablation o.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kelly_dehydration_2004, title = {Dehydration and venous thromboembolism after acute stroke}, volume = {97}, issn = {1460-2725 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {QJM: An International Journal of Medicine}, author = {Kelly, J. and Hunt, B. J. and Lewis, R. R. and Swaminathan, R. and Moody, A. and Seed, P. T. and Rudd, A.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Creatinine/blood, Dehydration/*complications, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Osmolar Concentration, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Stroke/*complications, Urea/blood, Venous Thrombosis/*etiology}, pages = {293--6}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RWB9H9AT/Kelly-2004-Dehydration and veno.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{linguraru_fast_2008, title = {Fast block flow tracking of atrial septal defects in 4D echocardiography}, volume = {12}, issn = {1361-8423}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18282783}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2007.12.005}, abstract = {We are working to develop beating-heart atrial septal defect (ASD) closure techniques using real-time 3D ultrasound guidance. The major image processing challenges are the low-image quality and the processing of information at high-frame rate. This paper presents comparative results for ASD tracking in time sequences of 3D volumes of cardiac ultrasound. We introduce a block flow technique, which combines the velocity computation from optical flow for an entire block with template matching. Enforcing adapted similarity constraints to both the previous and first frames ensures optimal and unique solutions. We compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with that of block matching and region-based optical flow on eight in vivo 4D datasets acquired from porcine beating-heart procedures. Results show that our technique is more stable and has higher sensitivity than both optical flow and block matching in tracking ASDs. Computing velocity at the block level, our technique tracks ASD motion at 2 frames/s, much faster than optical flow and comparable in computation cost to block matching, and shows promise for real-time (30 frames/s). We report consistent results on clinical intra-operative images and retrieve the cardiac cycle (in ungated images) from error analysis. Quantitative results are evaluated on synthetic data with maximum tracking errors of 1 voxel.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Linguraru, Marius George and Vasilyev, Nikolay V. and Marx, Gerald R. and Tworetzky, Wayne and Del Nido, Pedro J. and Howe, Robert D.}, month = aug, year = {2008}, pmid = {18282783}, keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Echocardiography, Four-Dimensional, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial, Humans, Swine}, pages = {397--412}, file = {MedIA2008.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z3USSBGA/MedIA2008.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hoskins_irinotecan_2008, title = {Irinotecan pharmacogenetics: {Influence} of pharmacodynamic genes}, volume = {14}, issn = {1078-0432 (Print)}, number = {6}, journal = {Clinical Cancer Research}, author = {Hoskins, J. M. and Marcuello, E. and Altes, A. and Marsh, S. and Maxwell, T. and Van Booven, D. J. and Pare, L. and Culverhouse, R. and McLeod, H. L. and Baiget, M.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic, Camptothecin/adverse effects/ analogs \& derivatives/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic, Cohort Studies, Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics, Disease Progression, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/ drug effects, Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics, Haplotypes, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Retrospective Studies, use}, pages = {1788--96}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UU6PMMQD/Hoskins-2008-Irinotecan pharmacog.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{khurram_magnetic_2014, title = {Magnetic resonance image intensity ratio, a normalized measure to enable interpatient comparability of left atrial fibrosis}, volume = {11}, issn = {1547-5271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527113011442}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.10.007}, abstract = {Background The measurement of late gadolinium{\textendash}enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) intensity in arbitrary units limits the objectivity of thresholds for focal scar detection and interpatient comparisons of scar burden. Objective To develop and validate a normalized measure, the image intensity ratio (IIR), for the assessment of left atrial (LA) scar on LGE-MRI. Methods Electrocardiogram- and respiratory-gated 1.5 Tesla LGE-MRI was performed in 75 patients (75\% men; 62 {\textpm} 8 years) before atrial fibrillation ablation. The local IIR was defined as LA myocardial signal intensity for each of the 20 sectors on contiguous axial image planes divided by the mean LA blood pool image intensity. Intracardiac point-by-point sampled electroanatomic map points were coregistered with the corresponding image sectors. Results The average bipolar voltage for all 8153 electroanatomic map points was 0.9 {\textpm} 1.1 mV. In a mixed effects model accounting for within patient clustering, and adjusting for age, LA volume, mass, body mass index, sex, CHA2DS2-VASc score, atrial fibrillation type, history of previous ablations, and contrast delay time, each unit increase in local IIR was associated with 91.3\% decrease in bipolar LA voltage (P \< .001). Local IIR thresholds of \>0.97 and \>1.61 corresponded to bipolar voltage \<0.5 and \<0.1 mV, respectively. Conclusions Normalization of LGE-MRI intensity by the mean blood pool intensity results in a metric that is closely associated with intracardiac voltage as a surrogate of atrial fibrosis.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-09-30}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Khurram, Irfan M. and Beinart, Roy and Zipunnikov, Vadim and Dewire, Jane and Yarmohammadi, Hirad and Sasaki, Takeshi and Spragg, David D. and Marine, Joseph E. and Berger, Ronald D. and Halperin, Henry R. and Calkins, Hugh and Zimmerman, Stefan L. and Nazarian, Saman}, month = jan, year = {2014}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, electroanatomic mapping, Late gadolinium{\textendash}enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, scar}, pages = {85--92}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GIZ7UJPH/Khurram et al. - 2014 - Magnetic resonance image intensity ratio, a normal.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7GTTN9S5/S1547527113011442.html:text/html} } @article{colburn_dysfunctional_2009, title = {Dysfunctional chemotaxis in {Familial} {Mediterranean} {Fever}}, volume = {60}, abstract = {Purpose: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a heritable autoinflammatory disease characterized by substantial neutrophil influx at sites of serosal and synovial involvement. Inflammatory attacks are usually prevented by prophylaxis with colchicine, a microtubule inhibitor. Pyrin, the FMF protein, colocalizes with microtubules and may impact leukocyte cytoskeletal functions such as adhesion and migration. We therefore sought to further investigate leukocyte migration in FMF. Method: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 25 treated patients, 10 untreated patients, and 16 controls. Subsets of patients were studied in several assays. Mononuclear cells were stimulated for 24 hours with TLR ligands 2, 4, 5, 7, and 9. Chemokines produced from cultured supernatants and from serum samples were evaluated with the Luminex immunoassay. Analysis of gene expression sequences with the Affymetrix system was utilized in 8-paired patient samples who underwent colchicine withdrawal. Chemotaxis assays included a transwell system and a live imaging protocol with both patient granulocytes and the neutrophil-like PLB cell line transfected with V726A, M680I, and M694V pyrin mutations, stimulated to various chemoattractants, including MIP-1 alpha, IL-8 and fMLP. Results: Microarray analysis revealed a "chemotactic signature" induced by colchicine withdrawal with upregulation of major chemotactic genes including CRK and Integrin beta-1, and downregulation of genes involving chemokine receptors and cell adhesion molecules such as CCR 7 and CXCR3. Moreover, neutrophil activation was increased, as seen with the downregulation of the L-selectin marker, CD 62L. Asymptomatic FMF patients on colchicine showed elevated serum levels of the chemokines, MIP-1 alpha and beta, as compared to controls. In addition, mononuclear cells from treated patients stimulated ex-vivo, suggest a role for TLR4, 5, and 9 in the modulation of chemokines, specifically MIP-1 alpha and beta. Patients off colchicine demonstrated significant hyperresponsive cell movement compared with treated patients and controls, although such movement was found to be random (chemokinetic) and less directed (chemotactic) when visualized. By transwell analysis of the transfected neutrophil-like PLB cell line hypermobility was more apparent with the V726A mutation. Conclusion: A cascade of intracellular events involving chemokine signaling can impact leukocyte migration in FMF. This study has focused on determining the extent to which these effects represent the underlying pathophysiology of FMF, independent of colchicine.}, number = {Suppl 10}, journal = {Arthritis and Rheumatism}, author = {Colburn, Nona T. and Chae, Jae Jin and Zaal, Kristina and Balow, James and McManigle, John and Aksentijevich, Ivona and Sun, Hong-Wei}, month = oct, year = {2009}, note = {isabstract:true}, pages = {1481} } @article{anton_combined_2006, title = {Combined pharmacotherapies and behavioral interventions for alcohol dependence: the {COMBINE} study: a randomized controlled trial}, volume = {295}, issn = {1538-3598 (Electronic) 0098-7484 (Linking)}, number = {17}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Anton, R. F. and O'Malley, S. S. and Ciraulo, D. A. and Cisler, R. A. and Couper, D. and Donovan, D. M. and Gastfriend, D. R. and Hosking, J. D. and Johnson, B. A. and LoCastro, J. S. and Longabaugh, R. and Mason, B. J. and Mattson, M. E. and Miller, W. R. and Pettinati, H. M. and Randall, C. L. and Swift, R. and Weiss, R. D. and Williams, L. D. and Zweben, A.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Behavior Therapy, Adult, Alcohol Deterrents/*therapeutic use, Alcoholism/*therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Naltrexone/*therapeutic use, Narcotic Antagonists/*therapeutic use, Placebo Effect, Taurine/*analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use}, pages = {2003--17}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WRUVQ59J/COMBINE.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{srivathsan_ventricular_2009, title = {Ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation}, volume = {7}, issn = {1744-8344}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589116}, doi = {10.1586/erc.09.69}, abstract = {Ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation are the most important causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD), particularly in those with structural heart disease and reduced left ventricular function. It is important to distinguish ventricular tachycardia from supraventricular tachycardia. A wide spectrum of ventricular arrhythmias exists, from those where the heart is structurally normal to those with structural heart disease. Each entity has a distinctive pathophysiology, treatment plan and prognostic outcome. Treatment modalities include simple beta-blockade to implantation of implantable cardiac defibrillator and ablative approaches. In general, those ventricular arrhythmias associated with a structurally normal heart are more benign than those associated with structural heart disease.}, number = {7}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy}, author = {Srivathsan, Komandoor and Ng, Daniel W. C. and Mookadam, Farouk}, month = jul, year = {2009}, pmid = {19589116}, keywords = {Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Catheter Ablation, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Defibrillators, Implantable, Heart Diseases, Humans, Prognosis, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Ventricular Fibrillation}, pages = {801--809} } @article{kennedy_antidepressant-induced_2000, title = {Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction during treatment with moclobemide, paroxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine}, volume = {61}, issn = {0160-6689 (Print)}, number = {4}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Kennedy, S. H. and Eisfeld, B. S. and Dickens, S. E. and Bacchiochi, J. R. and Bagby, R. M.}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Adult, Cyclohexanols/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder/*drug therapy/psychology, Female, Humans, induced/diagnosis/epidemiology, Libido/drug effects, Male, Middle Aged, Moclobemide/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Ontario/epidemiology, Orgasm/drug effects, Paroxetine/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Prevalence, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics \& numerical data, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Sertraline/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Sex Factors, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/*chemically, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {276--81}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G2E3MTJS/Kennedy SH 276.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rontgen_uber_1898, title = {{\"U}ber eine neue {Art} von {Strahlen}}, volume = {300}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.18983000102/abstract}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-16}, journal = {Annalen der Physik}, author = {R{\"o}ntgen, Wilhelm Conrad}, year = {1898}, pages = {1--11}, file = {18983000102_ftp.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QPMNIGMI/18983000102_ftp.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IJ8DUQBU/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{marrouche_left_2014, title = {Left atrial fibrosis and recurrent arrhythmia{\textemdash}reply}, volume = {311}, issn = {0098-7484}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.5187}, doi = {10.1001/jama.2014.5187}, abstract = {Drs Tops and Schalij raise questions related to the stage of fibrosis and duration of fibrillation in patients with paroxysmal AF and their outcomes after ablation. Even though patients with paroxysmal AF have been considered to have less advanced disease, the DECAAF results challenge the clinical conventions used to assess left atrial disease. A significant number of patients with paroxysmal AF presented with advanced atrial fibrosis stage.}, number = {22}, urldate = {2014-08-22}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Marrouche, N.}, month = jun, year = {2014}, pages = {2335--2336}, file = {jlr140039.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H9NKQ56E/jlr140039.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{barbosa_fast_2013, title = {Fast and fully automatic 3-{D} echocardiographic segmentation using {B}-spline explicit active surfaces: {Feasibility} study and validation in a clinical setting}, volume = {39}, issn = {0301-5629}, shorttitle = {Fast and {Fully} {Automatic} 3-{D} {Echocardiographic} {Segmentation} {Using} {B}-{Spline} {Explicit} {Active} {Surfaces}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301562912004723}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.08.008}, abstract = {A novel framework to efficiently deal with three-dimensional (3-D) segmentation of challenging inhomogeneous data in real-time has been recently introduced by the authors. However, the existing framework still relied on manual initialization, which prevented taking full advantage of the computational speed of the method. In the present article, an automatic initialization scheme adapted to 3-D, echocardiographic data is proposed. Moreover, a novel segmentation functional, which explicitly takes the darker appearance of the blood into account, is also introduced. The resulting automatic segmentation framework provides an efficient, fast and accurate solution for quantification of the main left ventricular volumetric indices used in clinical routine. In practice, the~observed computation times are in the order of 1 s.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Ultrasound in Medicine \& Biology}, author = {Barbosa, Daniel and Dietenbeck, Thomas and Heyde, Brecht and Houle, Helene and Friboulet, Denis and D{\textquoteright}hooge, Jan and Bernard, Olivier}, month = jan, year = {2013}, keywords = {3-D echocardiography, Active contours, B-splines, image segmentation, LV volume analysis}, pages = {89--101}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/V8MTCDIC/Barbosa et al. - 2013 - Fast and Fully Automatic 3-D Echocardiographic Seg.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8698DTTC/S0301562912004723.html:text/html} } @article{roy_amiodarone_2000, title = {Amiodarone to prevent recurrence of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {342}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200003303421302}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM200003303421302}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia requiring treatment and affects 5 percent of people older than 65 years.1,2 The number of hospital admissions for atrial fibrillation in the United States more than doubled from 1984 to 1994, from 111,000 to 270,000.3 These numbers are probably underestimates, because many episodes of atrial fibrillation are treated on an outpatient basis or in emergency rooms, and admissions for complications such as stroke and heart failure are not necessarily attributed to atrial fibrillation. There are multiple clinical consequences of atrial fibrillation. Patients often have disabling palpitations. In addition, the loss of effective . . .}, number = {13}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Roy, Denis and Talajic, Mario and Dorian, Paul and Connolly, Stuart and Eisenberg, Mark J. and Green, Martin and Kus, Teresa and Lambert, Jean and Dubuc, Marc and Gagn{\'e}, Pierre and Nattel, Stanley and Thibault, Bernard}, month = mar, year = {2000}, pmid = {10738049}, pages = {913--920}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SEDMVE49/Roy et al. - 2000 - Amiodarone to Prevent Recurrence of Atrial Fibrill.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4RDQFRQB/NEJM200003303421302.html:text/html} } @incollection{gagliardi_nuclear_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Nuclear medicine}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Pollycove, Myron}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {443--469}, file = {RCI_D_c18.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UKPGGWF8/RCI_D_c18.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lown_new_1962, title = {New method for terminating cardiac arrhythmias: {Use} of synchronized capacitor discharge}, volume = {182}, issn = {0098-7484}, language = {eng}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Lown, B. and Amarasingham, R. and Neuman, J.}, month = nov, year = {1962}, pmid = {13931298}, keywords = {Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Electric Stimulation Therapy, tachycardia}, pages = {548--555}, file = {jama_182_5_012.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B3GRPIQG/jama_182_5_012.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{johnson_oral_2003, title = {Oral topiramate for treatment of alcohol dependence: {A} randomised controlled trial}, volume = {361}, issn = {0140-6736 (Print) 0140-6736 (Linking)}, number = {9370}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Johnson, B. A. and Ait-Daoud, N. and Bowden, C. L. and DiClemente, C. C. and Roache, J. D. and Lawson, K. and Javors, M. A. and Ma, J. Z.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Administration, Oral, Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking/prevention \& control, Alcoholism/blood/*drug therapy, Dopamine Antagonists/*administration \& dosage, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Fructose/*administration \& dosage/*analogs \& derivatives, gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Substance Abuse Detection}, pages = {1677--85}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BM6UUPTM/Topiramate.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{prince_body_1996, title = {Body {MR} angiography with gadolinium contrast agents}, volume = {4}, issn = {1064-9689}, url = {http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/8673710}, abstract = {Abstract: Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography provides contrast arteriograms without the risks of arterial catheterization or iodinated contrast. Although...}, language = {eng}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America}, author = {Prince, M. R.}, month = feb, year = {1996}, pmid = {8673710}, pages = {11--24}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2KZ3PDWK/8673710.html:text/html} } @article{kenny_changes_1986, title = {Changes in intracardiac blood flow velocities and right and left ventricular stroke volumes with gestational age in the normal human fetus: {A} prospective {Doppler} echocardiographic study}, volume = {74}, number = {6}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Kenny, J. F. and Plappert, T. and Doubilet, P. and Saltzman, D. H. and Cartier, M. and Zollars, L. and Leatherman, G. F. and St. John Sutton, M. G.}, year = {1986}, pages = {1208--1216}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2C9T7Q2H/Kenny VentFlowSV.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{daccarett_mri_2011, title = {{MRI} of the left atrium: {Predicting} clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation}, volume = {9}, issn = {1477-9072, 1744-8344}, shorttitle = {{MRI} of the left atrium}, url = {http://www.expert-reviews.com/doi/abs/10.1586/erc.10.177?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed&}, doi = {10.1586/erc.10.177}, number = {1}, urldate = {2013-04-25}, journal = {Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy}, author = {Daccarett, Marcos and McGann, Chris J. and Akoum, Nazem W. and MacLeod, Rob S. and Marrouche, Nassir F.}, month = jan, year = {2011}, pages = {105--111}, file = {Daccarett.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ITW8CCDW/Daccarett.pdf:application/pdf;MRI of the left atrium\: predicting clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation, Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, Expert Reviews:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/98QM6WP3/erc.10.html:text/html} } @article{berruezo_complex_2010, title = {Complex ventricular arrhythmias: {A} therapeutic nightmare}, volume = {96}, shorttitle = {Complex ventricular arrhythmias}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/96/9/723.short}, doi = {10.1136/hrt.2008.163337}, number = {9}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Berruezo, Antonio}, month = may, year = {2010}, pages = {723 --728}, file = {723.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I27XG2EU/723.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5KFDHTFF/723.html:text/html} } @article{intini_electrocardiographic_2005, title = {Electrocardiographic imaging ({ECGI}), a novel diagnostic modality used for mapping of focal left ventricular tachycardia in a young athlete}, volume = {2}, issn = {1547-5271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527105020114}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.08.019}, abstract = {We report the first clinical application of electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI), a new, noninvasive imaging modality for arrhythmias, in an athlete with focal ventricular tachycardia (VT) originating from a left ventricular (LV) diverticulum. A reconstructed map of the epicardial activation sequence during a single premature ventricular complex (PVC) of an identical QRS morphology to the clinical VT, generated from 224-electrode body surface ECGs and a chest CT (ECGI), localized the PVC to the site of the diverticulum. This correlated with subsequent maps obtained using standard techniques. We describe the first case that used ECGI to guide diagnosis and therapy of a clinical tachyarrhythmia.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2014-12-27}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Intini, Anselma and Goldstein, Robert N. and Jia, Ping and Ramanathan, Charulatha and Ryu, Kyungmoo and Giannattasio, Bartolomeo and Gilkeson, Robert and Stambler, Bruce S. and Brugada, Pedro and Stevenson, William G. and Rudy, Yoram and Waldo, Albert L.}, month = nov, year = {2005}, keywords = {arrhythmia, Epicardial, imaging, mapping, ventricular tachycardia}, pages = {1250--1252}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T598MWNW/Intini et al. - 2005 - Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI), a novel diagn.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CZNWEKW4/S1547527105020114.html:text/html} } @article{malchano_integration_2006, title = {Integration of cardiac {CT}/{MR} imaging with three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping to guide catheter manipulation in the left atrium: {Implications} for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {17}, issn = {1540-8167}, shorttitle = {Integration of {Cardiac} {CT}/{MR} {Imaging} with {Three}-{Dimensional} {Electroanatomical} {Mapping} to {Guide} {Catheter} {Manipulation} in the {Left} {Atrium}}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00616.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00616.x}, abstract = {Introduction: Preprocedural cardiac imaging (CT/MRI) and intraprocedural electroanatomical mapping (EAM) are commonly used during left atrial (LA) catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). In the optimal scenario, the imaging datasets would be directly integrated with the EAM system to guide catheter mapping based on the accurate individual cardiac anatomy. Methods and Results: Strategies to align the EAM and imaging data were assessed by simulations using a life-size model of the LA and aorta. This revealed that the optimal strategy includes mapping both the aorta and LA. Respiratory changes in cardiac anatomy were evaluated by MR angiography performed in 10 patients during both inspiration and expiration. Comparison of paired images revealed inferior and anterior movement of the LA relative to the aorta with inspiration. Next, image integration was employed in a series of patients (n = 13) scheduled for AF catheter ablation. After preprocedural CT angiography (7 during inspiration and 6 during expiration), three-dimensional anatomical renderings of these images were integrated with the EAM data in a custom workstation to permit real-time catheter manipulation within these constructs. The electrophysiologist was blinded to these integrated images, but the accuracy of the process was assessed real-time by a second operator. This revealed poor alignment during inspiration but good alignment during expiration{\textemdash}the respiratory phase most closely resembling that during EAM. Conclusions: This study supports the feasibility of integrating preacquired cardiac images with real-time electroanatomical mapping to guide catheter movement in the LA in a reliable and clinically relevant manner.}, language = {en}, number = {11}, urldate = {2015-01-13}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Malchano, Zachary J. and Neuzil, Petr and Cury, Ricardo C. and Holmvang, Godtfred and Weichet, Jiri and Schmidt, Ehud J. and Ruskin, Jeremy N. and Reddy, Vivek Y.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, CT, Image integration, MRI}, pages = {1221--1229}, file = {j.1540-8167.2006.00616.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IFTVNDWK/j.1540-8167.2006.00616.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9IAQMMGZ/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{seldinger_catheter_1953, title = {Catheter replacement of the needle in percutaneous arteriography: {A} new technique}, volume = {39}, issn = {0001-6926}, language = {eng}, number = {5}, journal = {Acta Radiologica}, author = {Seldinger, S. I.}, month = may, year = {1953}, pmid = {13057644}, keywords = {Angiography}, pages = {368--376}, file = {Seldinger_Acta_Radiol_1953[1].pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4T3R27VK/Seldinger_Acta_Radiol_1953[1].pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ho_clinicians_2006, title = {A clinician's guide to tissue {Doppler} imaging}, volume = {113}, number = {10}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Ho, Carolyn Y. and Solomon, Scott D.}, year = {2006}, pages = {e396--398}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TGCDHXII/Ho TissueDoppler.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rubba_efficacy_2009, title = {Efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin in the management of dyslipidemia}, volume = {5}, issn = {1178-2048 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19436657}, number = {1}, journal = {Vascular Health Risk Management}, author = {Rubba, P. and Marotta, G. and Gentile, M.}, year = {2009}, pages = {343--52} } @book{mason_murray_2005, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Murray \& {Nadel}'s {Textbook} of {Respiratory} {Medicine}}, isbn = {0-7216-0327-0}, publisher = {Elsevier Saunders}, author = {Mason, Robert J. and Murray, John F. and Broaddus, Courtney V. and Nadel, Jay A.}, year = {2005} } @article{allessie_electrical_2002, title = {Electrical, contractile and structural remodeling during atrial fibrillation}, volume = {54}, issn = {0008-6363,}, url = {http://cardiovascres.oxfordjournals.org/content/54/2/230}, doi = {10.1016/S0008-6363(02)00258-4}, abstract = {The natural history of atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by a gradual worsening with time. The recent finding that AF itself produces changes in atrial function and structure has provided a possible explanation for the progressive nature of this arrhythmia. Electrical remodeling (shortening of atrial refractoriness) develops within the first days of AF and contributes to an increase in stability of AF. However, {\textquoteleft}domestication of AF{\textquoteright} must also depend on a {\textquoteleft}second factor{\textquoteright} since the persistence of AF continues to increase after electrical remodeling has been completed. Atrial contractile remodeling (loss of contractility) leads to a reduced atrial transport function after cardioversion of AF. An important clinical consequence is that during several days after restoration of sinus rhythm, the risk of atrial thrombus formation is still high. In addition, the reduction of atrial contractility during AF may enhance atrial dilatation which may add to the persistence of AF. Tachycardia-induced structural remodeling takes place in a different time domain (weeks to months). Myolysis probably contributes to the loss of atrial contractile force. Although it might explain the loss of efficacy of pharmacological cardioversion and the development of permanent AF, the role of structural remodeling in the progression of AF is still unclear. Atrial structural remodeling also occurs as a result of heart failure and other underlying cardiovascular diseases. The associated atrial fibrosis might explain intra-atrial conduction disturbances and the susceptibility for AF. Thus, both AF itself and the underlying heart disease are responsible for the development of the arrhythmogenic substrate. New strategies for prevention and termination of AF should be build on our knowledge of the mechanisms and time course of AF-induced atrial remodeling.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-08-28}, journal = {Cardiovascular Research}, author = {Allessie, Maurits and Ausma, Jannie and Schotten, Ulrich}, month = may, year = {2002}, pmid = {12062329}, keywords = {remodeling, Supraventr. arrhythmia}, pages = {230--246}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BVUNN6PX/Allessie et al. - 2002 - Electrical, contractile and structural remodeling .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/W6888CSP/230.html:text/html} } @article{afilalo_intensive_2007, title = {Intensive statin therapy in acute coronary syndromes and stable coronary heart disease: a comparative meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials}, volume = {93}, issn = {1468-201X (Electronic)}, number = {8}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Afilalo, J. and Majdan, A. A. and Eisenberg, M. J.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Coronary Disease/*drug therapy/*mortality, Drug Administration Schedule, effects/*therapeutic use, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse, Liver Diseases/chemically induced, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy/mortality, Odds Ratio, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Rhabdomyolysis/chemically induced, Risk Assessment, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {914--21}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HWTCU6CS/Afilalo-2007-Intensive statin the.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{forssmann_experiments_1974, title = {Experiments on {Myself}: {Memoirs} of a {Surgeon} in {Germany}}, shorttitle = {Experiments on {Myself}}, abstract = {Memoirs of a surgeon in Germany}, language = {English}, publisher = {Saint Martin's Press}, author = {Forssmann, Werner}, translator = {Davies, Hilary}, collaborator = {Cournand, Andre}, year = {1974} } @inproceedings{duncan_dynamic_2005, address = {Palm Springs, FL, USA}, title = {Dynamic 3D ultrasound amd {MR} image registration of the beating heart}, volume = {3750}, isbn = {3-540-29326-4}, abstract = {Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound (RT3D US) is an ideal imaging modality for the diagnosis of cardiac disease. RT3D US is a flexible, inexpensive, non-invasive tool that provides important diagnostic information related to cardiac function. Unfortunately, RT3D US suffers from inherent shortcomings, such as low signal-to-noise ratio and limited field of view, producing images that are difficult to interpret. Multi-modal dynamic cardiac image registration is a well-recognized approach that compensates for these deficiencies while retaining the advantages of RT3D US imaging. The clinical application of multi-modal image registration methods is difficult, and there are a number of implementation issues to be resolved. In this work, we present a method for the rapid registration of RT3D US images of the beating heart to high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images. This method was validated using a volunteer image set. Validation results demonstrate that this approach can achieve rapid registration of images of the beating heart with fiducial landmark and registration errors of 1.25 {\textpm} 0.63 and 1.76 mm respectively. This technique can potentially be used to improve the diagnosis of cardiac disease by augmenting RT3D US images with high-resolution MR images and to facilitate intra-operative image fusion for minimally invasive cardio-thoracic surgical navigation.}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, booktitle = {Medical {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Huang, Xishi and Hill, Nicholas and Ren, Jing and Guiraudon, Gerard and Boughner, Derek and Peters, Terry M.}, editor = {Duncan, James S. and Gerig, Guido}, year = {2005}, file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RHZ2Q9JA/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf;SpringerLink - Abstract:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VUVS694B/dmawdvbuc1tpu5pj.html:text/html} } @article{ridker_c-reactive_2008, title = {C-reactive protein and parental history improve global cardiovascular risk prediction: {The} {Reynolds} {Risk} {Score} for men}, volume = {118}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {22}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Ridker, P. M. and Paynter, N. P. and Rifai, N. and Gaziano, J. M. and Cook, N. R.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/*epidemiology/*genetics, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Inflammation/blood/physiopathology, Life Style, Likelihood Functions, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Sex Characteristics}, pages = {2243--51, 4p following 2251}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/866NTU9B/Ridker-2008-C-reactive protein a.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{mcmanigle_modified_2012, address = {Barcelona}, title = {Modified {Hough} transform for left ventricle myocardium segmentation in 3-{D} echocardiogram images}, doi = {10.1109/ISBI.2012.6235541}, abstract = {Segmentation of the left ventricular myocardium from 3D echocardiograms is complicated by speckle, artifact, and complex anatomy. Typical segmentation methods benefit from accurate initialization. We propose a two-step Hough transform to find an annular approximation of the myocardium in short-axis echo slices. The method was compared to manual segmentation of 5641 slices by center points and endocardial and epicardial radii. Centers deviated by a mean 3.31 mm, and radii by 2.57 mm and 3.04 mm, respectively. Dice's coefficient of similarity was 0.70. Similarity is higher when apical slices are ignored. 93.8\% of all slices and 96.8\% of non-apical slices met criteria that suggest they would be appropriate to initialize further segmentation.}, booktitle = {9th {IEEE} {International} {Symposium} on {Biomedical} {Imaging} ({ISBI})}, author = {McManigle, J. E. and Stebbing, R. V. and Noble, J. A.}, month = may, year = {2012}, keywords = {3D echocardiogram image, annular approximation, apical slices, Approximation methods, artifact anatomy, Biomedical imaging, Blood, cardiology, Dice coefficient, Echocardiography, endocardial radii, epicardial radii, Hough transforms, image segmentation, left ventricle myocardium segmentation, Manuals, medical image processing, modified Hough transform, Myocardium, short-axis echo slices, speckle anatomy, Transforms, two-step Hough transform}, pages = {290--293}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3CTME4U4/articleDetails.html:text/html;ISBI2012.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UD3UJDCX/ISBI2012.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{natale_first_2000, title = {First human experience with pulmonary vein isolation using a through-the-balloon circumferential ultrasound ablation system for recurrent atrial fibrillation}, volume = {102}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/102/16/1879}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.102.16.1879}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Standard mapping and ablation of focal sources of atrial fibrillation are associated with very long procedure times and low efficacy. An anatomic approach to complete pulmonary vein isolation could overcome these limitations. Methods and Results{\textemdash}Fifteen patients with atrial fibrillation refractory to medication underwent circumferential isolation of the pulmonary veins by using a novel catheter, with an ultrasound transducer (8-MHz) mounted near the tip, in a saline-filled balloon. Twelve atrial foci and/or atrial fibrillation triggers were identified in 9 patients (pulmonary vein locations: left upper, 3; right upper, 6; right middle, 1; right lower, 1; and left inferior, 1). In 5 patients, lesions were placed in the absence of any mapped triggers. Irrespective of trigger mapping, circumferential isolation of both upper pulmonary veins was attempted in all patients. The lower pulmonary veins were ablated when sinus rhythm activation mapping revealed evidence of a sleeve of atrial muscle in the vein. The median number of lesions per patient required to isolate 1 pulmonary vein was 4 (range, 1 to 29). After ablation, no evidence of narrowing was seen with repeat venography or follow-up computed tomography scan. After a mean follow-up of 35{\textpm}6 weeks, 5 patients had recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Three responded to drugs that were previously ineffective, and 2 remained in atrial fibrillation. Conclusions{\textemdash}This novel ultrasound ablation system can successfully isolate multiple pulmonary veins. At early follow-up, this approach seems to be effective in preventing recurrent atrial fibrillation in a significant number of patients.}, language = {en}, number = {16}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Natale, Andrea and Pisano, Ennio and Shewchik, Jeannie and Bash, Dianna and Fanelli, Raffaele and Potenza, Domenico and Santarelli, Pietro and Schweikert, Robert and White, Richard and Saliba, Walid and Kanagaratnam, Logan and Tchou, Patrick and Lesh, Michael}, month = oct, year = {2000}, pmid = {11034932}, keywords = {Catheters, fibrillation, ultrasonics}, pages = {1879--1882}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JGDXE8TZ/Natale et al. - 2000 - First Human Experience With Pulmonary Vein Isolati.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N6KSS9N5/1879.html:text/html} } @article{hyman_resuscitation_1930, title = {Resuscitation of the stopped heart by intracardiac therapy}, volume = {46}, issn = {0730-188X}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1930.00140160003001}, doi = {10.1001/archinte.1930.00140160003001}, abstract = {No procedure in modern medicine has aroused more controversial thought than the attempt to revive the dead. Hailed on the one hand as a miracle of science and on the other as a useless and dangerous operation,1 the intracardiac injection method of resuscitating the stopped heart has occupied a stage of excited debate.The dramatic circumstances attending the revival of those supposedly dead readily lends itself to exploitation by both the lay and the medical press. The subject is naturally one of appealing interest, touching as it does on two fundamental concepts of philosophic thought{\textemdash}life and death.The increasing use of epinephrine for intracardiac injection in emergency conditions arising in the operating room and in the physician's office has been attended with such inconstant results that many surgeons and physicians are at a loss in evaluating the efficacy of this procedure, individual experience having rendered them either enthusiastic advocates or}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine}, author = {Hyman, Albert S.}, month = oct, year = {1930}, pages = {553--568}, file = {archinte_46_4_001.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JAQ2WK2X/archinte_46_4_001.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{eich_percussion_2007, title = {Percussion pacing--an almost forgotten procedure for haemodynamically unstable bradycardias? {A} report of three case studies and review of the literature}, volume = {98}, issn = {0007-0912 (Print) 0007-0912 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {British Journal of Anaesthesia}, author = {Eich, C. and Bleckmann, A. and Schwarz, S. K.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Aged, Bradycardia/*therapy, Child, Preschool, Emergencies, Female, Heart Block/*therapy, Heart Massage/*methods, Humans, Intraoperative Complications/therapy, Percussion/*methods, Postoperative Complications/therapy}, pages = {429--33}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XS3FEHWA/Percussion pacing.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wu_late_2008, title = {Late gadolinium enhancement by cardiovascular magnetic resonance heralds an adverse prognosis in nonischemic cardiomyopathy}, volume = {51}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109708011133}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2008.03.018}, abstract = {Objectives We examined whether the presence and extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) predict adverse outcomes in nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) patients. Background Morbidity and mortality is high in NICM patients. However, the clinical course of an individual patient is unpredictable and current risk stratification approaches are limited. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance detects myocardial fibrosis, which appears as LGE after contrast administration and may convey prognostic importance. Methods In a prospective cohort study, 65 NICM patients with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction <=35\% underwent CMR before placement of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. The CMR images were analyzed for the presence and extent of LGE and for LV function, volumes, and mass. Patients were followed for an index composite end point of 3 cardiac events: hospitalization for heart failure, appropriate ICD firing, and cardiac death. Results A total of 42\% (n = 27) of patients had CMR LGE, averaging 10 {\textpm} 13\% of LV mass. During a 17-month median follow-up, 44\% (n = 12) of patients with LGE had an index composite outcome event versus only 8\% (n = 3) of those without LGE (p \< 0.001 for Kaplan-Meier survival curves). After adjustment for LV volume index and functional class, patients with LGE had an 8-fold higher risk of experiencing the primary outcome (hazard ratio 8.2, 95\% confidence interval 2.2 to 30.9; p = 0.002). Conclusions A CMR LGE in NICM patients strongly predicts adverse cardiac outcomes. The CMR LGE may represent the end-organ consequences of sustained adrenergic activation and adverse LV remodeling, and its identification may significantly improve risk stratification strategies in this high risk population. (Imaging Techniques for Identifying Factors of Sudden Cardiac Death Risk; NCT00181233)}, number = {25}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Wu, Katherine C. and Weiss, Robert G. and Thiemann, David R. and Kitagawa, Kakuya and Schmidt, Andr{\'e} and Dalal, Darshan and Lai, Shenghan and Bluemke, David A. and Gerstenblith, Gary and Marb{\'a}n, Eduardo and Tomaselli, Gordon F. and Lima, Jo{\~a}o A. C.}, month = jun, year = {2008}, pages = {2414--2421}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/A9KNBHU9/Wu et al. - 2008 - Late Gadolinium Enhancement by Cardiovascular Magn.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RNGQCHXI/S0735109708011133.html:text/html} } @article{drago_long_2006, title = {Long term management of atrial arrhythmias in young patients with sick sinus syndrome undergoing early operation to correct congenital heart disease}, volume = {8}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} The European Society of Cardiology 2006. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org}, issn = {1099-5129, 1532-2092}, url = {http://europace.oxfordjournals.org/content/8/7/488}, doi = {10.1093/europace/eul069}, abstract = {Aims The objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with operated congenital heart disease (CHD), post-operative sinus node dysfunction and atrial tachyarrhythmias (AT) who had a new generation of DDDRP pacemakers (Model AT501, Medtronic Inc., MN, USA) able to deliver preventive atrial pacing and antitachycardia pacing (ATP) therapies.Methods and results Fifteen CHD patients (mean age 17{\textpm}9 years, eight after Mustard operation, five after extracardiac Fontan operation and two after atrial septum repair) received a dual-chamber pacemaker with transvenous (eight patients) or epicardial leads (seven patients). In the year before implantation, all patients had symptomatic AT (palpitations), eight patients required hospitalization and five required electrical cardioversion. Pacing prevention algorithms were enabled in all patients, and ATP therapies in six patients. During a mean follow-up of 30 months (range 24{\textendash}44), three patients (two Fontan, one Mustard) died of CHF, whereas AT required hospitalization in three patients (two Fontan, one atrial septum repair). Only seven patients had symptomatic AT. One hundred and twenty-five AT episodes were treated by ATP in three patients, with an overall termination efficacy of 43.2\%. In one patient, atrial lead noise induced inappropriate AT detection that resulted in ATP delivery. Several AT episodes were not treated owing to their very short duration, atrial undersensing, or 1:1 atrioventricular conduction.Conclusions Our experience with antitachycardia pacemakers in CHD patients with post-operative sick sinus syndrome after biventricular correction or palliation shows that these devices are safe and that atrial pacing may play a role in AT prevention and treatment.}, language = {en}, number = {7}, urldate = {2015-01-09}, journal = {Europace}, author = {Drago, Fabrizio and Silvetti, Massimo Stefano and Grutter, Giorgia and Santis, Antonella De}, month = jul, year = {2006}, pmid = {16798761}, note = {Aims The objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with operated congenital heart disease (CHD), post-operative sinus node dysfunction and atrial tachyarrhythmias (AT) who had a new generation of DDDRP pacemakers (Model AT501, Medtronic Inc., MN, USA) able to deliver preventive atrial pacing and antitachycardia pacing (ATP) therapies. Methods and results Fifteen CHD patients (mean age 17{\textpm}9 years, eight after Mustard operation, five after extracardiac Fontan operation and two after atrial septum repair) received a dual-chamber pacemaker with transvenous (eight patients) or epicardial leads (seven patients). In the year before implantation, all patients had symptomatic AT (palpitations), eight patients required hospitalization and five required electrical cardioversion. Pacing prevention algorithms were enabled in all patients, and ATP therapies in six patients. During a mean follow-up of 30 months (range 24{\textendash}44), three patients (two Fontan, one Mustard) died of CHF, whereas AT required hospitalization in three patients (two Fontan, one atrial septum repair). Only seven patients had symptomatic AT. One hundred and twenty-five AT episodes were treated by ATP in three patients, with an overall termination efficacy of 43.2\%. In one patient, atrial lead noise induced inappropriate AT detection that resulted in ATP delivery. Several AT episodes were not treated owing to their very short duration, atrial undersensing, or 1:1 atrioventricular conduction. Conclusions Our experience with antitachycardia pacemakers in CHD patients with post-operative sick sinus syndrome after biventricular correction or palliation shows that these devices are safe and that atrial pacing may play a role in AT prevention and treatment.}, pages = {488--494}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H3H3I82A/Drago et al. - 2006 - Long term management of atrial arrhythmias in youn.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/35ZQGAQM/488.html:text/html} } @article{frangi_automatic_2002, title = {Automatic construction of multiple-object three-dimensional statistical shape models: application to cardiac modeling}, volume = {21}, issn = {0278-0062 (Print)}, number = {9}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Frangi, A. F. and Rueckert, D. and Schnabel, J. A. and Niessen, W. J.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Algorithms, Heart/ anatomy \& histology, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Models, Statistical}, pages = {1151--66}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X9DUBHCW/Frangi AutoConstShapeMod.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{spina_clinically_2008, title = {Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions with second-generation antidepressants: {An} update}, volume = {30}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {7}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Spina, E. and Santoro, V. and D'Arrigo, C.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics, Antidepressive Agents/ pharmacokinetics, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/antagonists \& inhibitors/metabolism, Drug Interactions, Humans, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacokinetics}, pages = {1206--27}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5DIVP2HV/Spina-2008-Clinically relevant.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{vignaud_detection_2006, title = {Detection of myocardial capillary orientation with intravascular iron-oxide nanoparticles in spin-echo {MRI}}, volume = {55}, issn = {0740-3194 (Print)}, number = {4}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Vignaud, A. and Rodriguez, I. and Ennis, D. B. and DeSilva, R. and Kellman, P. and Taylor, J. and Bennett, E. and Wen, H.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Animals, Capillaries/ anatomy \& histology, Contrast Media, Coronary Vessels/ anatomy \& histology, Dogs, Iron, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ methods, Nanostructures, Oxides, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley}, pages = {725--30}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AQG33UDK/Vignaud MyoCapillaries.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{halperin_magnetic_2011, title = {Magnetic resonance identification of the ventricular tachycardia critical isthmus: {Finding} the needle in the haystack}, volume = {57}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Magnetic {Resonance} {Identification} of the {Ventricular} {Tachycardia} {Critical} {Isthmus}}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3035155/}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2010.07.042}, number = {2}, urldate = {2013-02-05}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Halperin, Henry R. and Nazarian, Saman}, month = jan, year = {2011}, pmid = {21211690}, pmcid = {PMC3035155}, pages = {195--197}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7TN2GSAD/Halperin and Nazarian - 2011 - Magnetic Resonance Identification of the Ventricul.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{silvestry_echocardiography-guided_2009, title = {Echocardiography-guided interventions}, volume = {22}, issn = {1097-6795 (Electronic) 0894-7317 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography}, author = {Silvestry, F. E. and Kerber, R. E. and Brook, M. M. and Carroll, J. D. and Eberman, K. M. and Goldstein, S. A. and Herrmann, H. C. and Homma, S. and Mehran, R. and Packer, D. L. and Parisi, A. F. and Pulerwitz, T. and Seward, J. B. and Tsang, T. S. and Wood, M. A.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures/*methods/trends, Echocardiography/*methods/trends, Humans, Surgery, Computer-Assisted/*methods/trends, Ultrasonography, Interventional/*methods/trends}, pages = {213--231}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7SMXVTFX/echo-guided-procs.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zhuang_registration-based_2010, title = {A registration-based propagation framework for automatic whole heart segmentation of cardiac {MRI}}, volume = {29}, issn = {1558-0062 (Electronic) 0278-0062 (Linking)}, number = {9}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Zhuang, X. and Rhode, K. S. and Razavi, R. S. and Hawkes, D. J. and Ourselin, S.}, year = {2010}, pages = {1612--25}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KWNQT848/cmr-segment.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dichtl_prognosis_2008, title = {Prognosis and risk factors in patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis and their modulation by atorvastatin (20 mg)}, volume = {102}, issn = {0002-9149 (Print)}, number = {6}, journal = {American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Dichtl, W. and Alber, H. F. and Feuchtner, G. M. and Hintringer, F. and Reinthaler, M. and Bartel, T. and Sussenbacher, A. and Grander, W. and Ulmer, H. and Pachinger, O. and Muller, S.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Aged, Aortic Valve Stenosis/*drug therapy/surgery, Aortic Valve/surgery, Calcinosis/radiography, Cholesterol/blood, C-Reactive Protein/analysis, Disease Progression, Female, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Heptanoic Acids/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood, Peptide Fragments/blood, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Pyrroles/*therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed}, pages = {743--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FKGR2FPM/Dichtl.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{rajpoot_image-driven_2009, address = {London, UK}, title = {Image-driven cardiac left ventricle segmentation for the evaluation of multiview fused real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography images}, isbn = {978-3-642-04270-6}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th {International} {Conference} on {Medical} {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention}: {Part} {II}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Rajpoot, Kashif and Noble, J. Alison and Grau, Vicente and Szmigielski, Cezary and Becher, Harald}, year = {2009}, pages = {893--900}, file = {ACM Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J8FCWEUP/citation.html:text/html;miccai2009kmr.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B6NG4X2U/miccai2009kmr.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lin_circumferential_2008, title = {Circumferential strain in the wall of the common carotid artery: {Comparing} displacement-encoded and cine {MRI} in volunteers}, volume = {60}, issn = {0740-3194 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Lin, A. P. and Bennett, E. and Wisk, L. E. and Gharib, M. and Fraser, S. E. and Wen, H.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Carotid Artery, Common/ physiology, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Male}, pages = {8--13}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JNASAMBG/Lin CircStrainMR.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{thompson_statin-associated_2003, title = {Statin-associated myopathy}, volume = {289}, issn = {0098-7484 (Print)}, number = {13}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Thompson, P. D. and Clarkson, P. and Karas, R. H.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Anticholesteremic Agents/*adverse effects/pharmacology, Creatine Kinase/blood, effects/pharmacology, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*adverse, Muscle Cramp/chemically induced, Muscle, Skeletal/*drug effects, Muscle Weakness/chemically induced, Muscular Diseases/blood/*chemically induced/prevention \& control/therapy, Myositis/chemically induced, Rhabdomyolysis/chemically induced}, pages = {1681--90}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GTXDFTHA/Thompson-2003-Statin-associated my.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{elayi_ablation_2008, title = {Ablation for longstanding permanent atrial fibrillation: {Results} from a randomized study comparing three different strategies}, volume = {5}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Ablation for longstanding permanent atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S154752710800917X}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.09.016}, abstract = {Background This prospective multicenter randomized study aimed to compare the efficacy of 3 common ablation methods used for longstanding permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods A total of 144 patients with longstanding permanent AF (median duration 28 months) were randomly assigned to circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA, group 1, n = 47), to pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI, group 2, n = 48) or to a hybrid strategy combining ablation of complex fractionated or rapid atrial electrograms (CFAE) in both atria followed by a pulmonary vein antrum isolation (CFAE + PVAI, group 3, n = 49). Results Scarring in the left atrium and structural heart disease/hypertension were present in most patients (65\%). After a mean follow-up of 16 months, 11\% of patients in group 1, 40\% of patients in group 2 and 61\% of patients in group 3 were in sinus rhythm after one procedure and with no antiarrhythmic drugs (P \< .001). Sinus rhythm maintenance would increase respectively to 28\% (group 1), 83\% (group 2), and 94\% (group 3) after 2 procedures and with antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs, P \< .001). The AF terminated during ablation, either by conversion to sinus rhythm or organization into an atrial tachyarrhythmia, in 13\% of patients (group 1), 44\% (group 2), and 74\% (group 3) respectively. CFAE alone, performed as the first step of the ablation in group 3, organized AF in only 1 patient. Conclusion In this study, the hybrid AF ablation strategy including antrum isolation and CFAE ablation had the highest likelihood of maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with longstanding permanent AF. Electrical isolation of the PVs, although inadequate if performed alone, is relevant to achieve long-term sinus rhythm maintenance after ablation. Bi-atrial CFAE ablation had a minimal impact on AF termination during ablation.}, number = {12}, urldate = {2014-12-10}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Elayi, Claude S. and Verma, Atul and Di Biase, Luigi and Ching, Chi Keong and Patel, Dimpi and Barrett, Conor and Martin, David and Rong, Bai and Fahmy, Tamer S. and Khaykin, Yaariv and Hongo, Richard and Hao, Steven and Pelargonio, Gemma and Dello Russo, Antonio and Casella, Michela and Santarelli, Pietro and Potenza, Domenico and Fanelli, Raffaele and Massaro, Raimondo and Arruda, Mauricio and Schweikert, Robert A. and Natale, Andrea}, month = dec, year = {2008}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, Chronic atrial fibrillation, Permanent atrial fibrillation, Pulmonary vein antrum isolation, Pulmonary Veins, Radiofrequency, Randomized study}, pages = {1658--1664}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FIR76538/Elayi et al. - 2008 - Ablation for longstanding permanent atrial fibrill.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F3G62PUC/S154752710800917X.html:text/html} } @article{mahenthiran_comparison_2005, title = {Comparison of prognostic value of stress echocardiography versus stress electrocardiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease}, volume = {96}, issn = {0002-9149}, number = {5}, journal = {American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Mahenthiran, Jo and Bangalore, Sripal and Yao, Siu-Sun and Chaudhry, Farooq A.}, year = {2005}, pages = {628--634}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UMKKQC8T/Mahenthiran ECGvsEcho.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{al-khatib_rate-_2014, title = {Rate- and rhythm-control therapies in patients with atrial fibrillation: {A} systematic review}, volume = {160}, issn = {0003-4819}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M13-1467}, doi = {10.7326/M13-1467}, abstract = {Background: The comparative effectiveness of treatments for atrial fibrillation (AF) is uncertain.Purpose: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of rate- and rhythm-control therapies.Data Sources: English-language studies in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between January 2000 and November 2013.Study Selection: Two reviewers independently screened citations to identify comparative studies that assessed rate- or rhythm-control therapies in patients with AF.Data Extraction: Reviewers extracted data on study design, participant characteristics, interventions, outcomes, applicability, and quality.Data Synthesis: 200 articles (162 studies) involving 28~836 patients were included. When pharmacologic rate- and rhythm-control strategies were compared, strength of evidence (SOE) was moderate supporting comparable efficacy with regard to all-cause mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.34 [95\% CI, 0.89 to 2.02]), cardiac mortality (OR, 0.96 [CI, 0.77 to 1.20]), and stroke (OR, 0.99 [CI, 0.76 to 1.30]) in older patients with mild AF symptoms. Few studies compared rate-control therapies and included outcomes of interest, which limited conclusions. For the effect of rhythm-control therapies in reducing AF recurrence, SOE was high favoring pulmonary vein isolation versus antiarrhythmic medications (OR, 5.87 [CI, 3.18 to 10.85]) and the surgical maze procedure (including pulmonary vein isolation) done during other cardiac surgery versus other cardiac surgery alone (OR, 7.94 [CI, 3.63 to 17.36]).Limitation: Studies were heterogeneous in interventions, populations, settings, and outcomes.Conclusion: Pharmacologic rate- and rhythm-control strategies have comparable efficacy across outcomes in primarily older patients with mild AF symptoms. Pulmonary vein isolation is better than antiarrhythmic medications at reducing recurrences of AF in younger patients with paroxysmal AF and mild structural heart disease. Future research should address uncertainties related to subgroups of interest and the effect of different therapies on long-term clinical outcomes.Primary Funding Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2014-11-24}, journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine}, author = {Al-Khatib, Sana M. and Allen LaPointe, Nancy M. and Chatterjee, Ranee and Crowley, Matthew J. and Dupre, Matthew E. and Kong, David F. and Lopes, Renato D. and Povsic, Thomas J. and Raju, Shveta S. and Shah, Bimal and Kosinski, Andrzej S. and McBroom, Amanda J. and Sanders, Gillian D.}, month = jun, year = {2014}, pages = {760--773}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QQRSSC76/Al-Khatib et al. - 2014 - Rate- and Rhythm-Control Therapies in Patients Wit.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{yang_microrna_2008, title = {{MicroRNA} microarray identifies {Let}-7i as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target in human epithelial ovarian cancer}, volume = {68}, issn = {1538-7445 (Electronic)}, number = {24}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Yang, N. and Kaur, S. and Volinia, S. and Greshock, J. and Lassus, H. and Hasegawa, K. and Liang, S. and Leminen, A. and Deng, S. and Smith, L. and Johnstone, C. N. and Chen, X. M. and Liu, C. G. and Huang, Q. and Katsaros, D. and Calin, G. A. and Weber, B. L. and Butzow, R. and Croce, C. M. and Coukos, G. and Zhang, L.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cisplatin/pharmacology, DNA, Neoplasm/genetics, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Female, Gene Dosage, Humans, MicroRNAs/biosynthesis/*genetics, Middle Aged, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Ovarian Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/metabolism, RNA, Messenger/genetics, Tumor Markers, Biological/biosynthesis/*genetics, Young Adult}, pages = {10307--14}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U7FCTMR4/Yang-2008-MicroRNA microarray.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{hippocrates_ancient_1923, address = {Boston, MA}, series = {Loeb {Classical} {Library}}, title = {Ancient {Medicine}. {Airs}, {Waters}, {Places}. {Epidemics} 1 and 3. {The} {Oath}. {Precepts}. {Nutriment}}, isbn = {9780674991620}, url = {http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674991620}, abstract = {Of the roughly seventy treatises in the Hippocratic Collection, many are not by Hippocrates (said to have been born in Cos in or before 460 BCE), but they are essential sources of information about the practice of medicine in antiquity and about Greek theories concerning the human body, and he was undeniably the 'Father of Medicine.'}, number = {147}, urldate = {2014-10-14}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, author = {{Hippocrates}}, translator = {Jones, W. H. S.}, year = {1923}, keywords = {0-674-99162-1, 978-0-674-99162-0, 674991621, 9780674991620, academic, academic publishing, Ancient Medicine. Airs, book, books, Classics \& Ancient World, Epidemics I, Epidemics III, Harvard, Harvard Press, Harvard University Press, Hippocrates, Hippocrates Volume I, Hippocratic Collection, HISTORY: Ancient: Greece, HUP, LITERARY CRITICISM: Ancient \& Classical, Loeb Classical Library, Loeb Classical Library 147, MEDICAL: History, Medicine \& Health, Places. Epidemics 1 and 3. The Oath. Precepts. Nutriment, Press, publishing, scholarly, SCIENCE: History, Science: History \& Philosophy, University, UP, Waters, W. H. S. Jones}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FVGQSWBS/catalog.html:text/html} } @article{hamon_meta-analysis_2010, title = {Meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance for detection of coronary artery disease}, volume = {12}, issn = {1532-429X}, url = {http://www.jcmr-online.com/content/12/1/29}, doi = {10.1186/1532-429X-12-29}, abstract = {AIM:Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of significant obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) through meta-analysis of the available data.METHODOLOGY:Original articles in any language published before July 2009 were selected from available databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and BioMedCentral) using the combined search terms of magnetic resonance, perfusion, and coronary angiography; with the exploded term coronary artery disease. Statistical analysis was only performed on studies that: (1) used a [greater than or equal to] 1.5 Tesla MR scanner; (2) employed invasive coronary angiography as the reference standard for diagnosing significant obstructive CAD, defined as a [greater than or equal to] 50\% diameter stenosis; and (3) provided sufficient data to permit analysis.RESULTS:From the 263 citations identified, 55 relevant original articles were selected. Only 35 fulfilled all of the inclusion criteria, and of these 26 presented data on patient-based analysis. The overall patient-based analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 89\% (95\% CI: 88-91\%), and a specificity of 80\% (95\% CI: 78-83\%). Adenosine stress perfusion CMR had better sensitivity than with dipyridamole (90\% (88-92\%) versus 86\% (80-90\%), P = 0.022), and a tendency to a better specificity (81\% (78-84\%) versus 77\% (71-82\%), P = 0.065).CONCLUSION:Stress perfusion CMR is highly sensitive for detection of CAD but its specificity remains moderate.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2011-06-10}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance}, author = {Hamon, Michele and Fau, Georges and Nee, Guillaume and Ehtisham, Javed and Morello, Remy and Hamon, Martial}, year = {2010}, pages = {29}, file = {jcmr-online PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EAMBRQUG/Hamon et al. - 2010 - Meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of str.pdf:application/pdf;jcmr-online Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZFUCZ9HB/29.html:text/html} } @article{lowe_distinctive_2004, title = {Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints}, volume = {60}, issn = {0920-5691, 1573-1405}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B%3AVISI.0000029664.99615.94}, doi = {10.1023/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94}, abstract = {This paper presents a method for extracting distinctive invariant features from images that can be used to perform reliable matching between different views of an object or scene. The features are invariant to image scale and rotation, and are shown to provide robust matching across a substantial range of affine distortion, change in 3D viewpoint, addition of noise, and change in illumination. The features are highly distinctive, in the sense that a single feature can be correctly matched with high probability against a large database of features from many images. This paper also describes an approach to using these features for object recognition. The recognition proceeds by matching individual features to a database of features from known objects using a fast nearest-neighbor algorithm, followed by a Hough transform to identify clusters belonging to a single object, and finally performing verification through least-squares solution for consistent pose parameters. This approach to recognition can robustly identify objects among clutter and occlusion while achieving near real-time performance.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2013-08-23}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Vision}, author = {Lowe, David G.}, month = nov, year = {2004}, keywords = {Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Automation and Robotics, Computer Imaging, Graphics and Computer Vision, image matching, Image processing, invariant features, object recognition, scale invariance}, pages = {91--110}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G93KJJTN/Lowe - 2004 - Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Ke.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H736R4PI/BVISI.0000029664.99615.html:text/html} } @article{andrade_efficacy_2011, title = {Efficacy and safety of cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation: {A} systematic review of published studies}, volume = {8}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Efficacy and safety of cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.heartrhythmjournal.com/article/S1547527111003638/abstract}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.03.050}, language = {English}, number = {9}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Andrade, Jason G. and Khairy, Paul and Guerra, Peter G. and Deyell, Marc W. and Rivard, Lena and Macle, Laurent and Thibault, Bernard and Talajic, Mario and Roy, Denis and Dubuc, Marc}, month = sep, year = {2011}, keywords = {AAD, AF, antiarrhythmic drug, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, CI, confidence interval, cryoablation, phrenic nerve palsy, PNP, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA, pulmonary vein, pulmonary vein isolation, pulmonary vein stenosis, PV, PVI, PVS, Radiofrequency, RF, right inferior pulmonary vein, right superior pulmonary vein, RIPV, RSPV}, pages = {1444--1451}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M2DG7NHW/Andrade et al. - 2011 - Efficacy and safety of cryoballoon ablation for at.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RBZFDK4W/abstract.html:text/html} } @incollection{hippocrates_aphorisms_1931, address = {Boston, MA}, series = {Loeb {Classical} {Library}}, title = {Aphorisms}, url = {http://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL150/1931/volume.xml}, abstract = {Hippocrates, said to have been born in Cos in or before 460 BCE, learned medicine and philosophy; travelled widely as a medical doctor and teacher; was consulted by King Perdiccas of Macedon and Artaxerxes of Persia; and died perhaps at Larissa. Apparently he rejected superstition in favour of inductive reasoning and the study of real medicine as subject to natural laws, in general and in individual people as patients for treatment by medicines and surgery. Of the roughly 70 works in the 'Hippocratic Collection' many are not by Hippocrates; even the famous oath may not be his. But he was undeniably the 'Father of Medicine'.}, language = {Greek}, number = {150}, booktitle = {Nature of {Man}. {Regimen} in {Health}. {Humours}. {Aphorisms}. {Regimen} 1-3. {Dreams}. {Heracleitus}: {On} the {Universe}}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, author = {{Hippocrates}}, translator = {Jones, W. H. S.}, year = {1931}, keywords = {0-674-99162-1, 978-0-674-99162-0, 674991621, 9780674991620, academic, academic publishing, Ancient Medicine. Airs, book, books, Classics \& Ancient World, Epidemics I, Epidemics III, Harvard, Harvard Press, Harvard University Press, Hippocrates, Hippocrates Volume I, Hippocratic Collection, HISTORY: Ancient: Greece, HUP, LITERARY CRITICISM: Ancient \& Classical, Loeb Classical Library, Loeb Classical Library 147, MEDICAL: History, Medicine \& Health, Places. Epidemics 1 and 3. The Oath. Precepts. Nutriment, Press, publishing, scholarly, SCIENCE: History, Science: History \& Philosophy, University, UP, Waters, W. H. S. Jones}, pages = {97--222} } @article{rasmussen_impaired_1988, title = {Impaired pulmonary and cardiac function after maximal exercise}, volume = {6}, issn = {0264-0414}, doi = {10.1080/02640418808729811}, abstract = {The cardiopulmonary response to maximal rowing exercise of short duration was studied in six healthy well-trained oarsmen. The lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was significantly decreased below the pre-exercise value for 2.5 days post-exercise (P less than 0.05). Residual volume (RV) showed a significantly increased value at 30 min of recovery (P less than 0.01) with no change in total lung capacity. There was no significant change in transthoracic electrical impedance following exercise but a decrease may have been masked by the increased RV. The changes in the pulmonary parameters may reflect the occurrence of a transient interstitial lung oedema. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction may be a part of the cardiopulmonary response as peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was significantly reduced at 30 min of recovery. The reason for the increase in pulmonary extravascular water volume may be a marked distension of the lung capillaries due to increased blood volume in the lungs and as a consequence increased vascular permeability. The changes may also be caused by impaired myocardial contractility indicated by a split impedance dZ/dt waveform, not previously described in healthy persons, which occurred in all six subjects immediately following exercise.}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of Sports Sciences}, author = {Rasmussen, B. S. and Elkjaer, P. and Juhl, B.}, year = {1988}, pmid = {3221425}, keywords = {adolescent, Adult, Cardiography, Impedance, Electrocardiography, Exercise, Female, Heart, Humans, Lung, Male, Myocardial Contraction, Physical Endurance, Pulmonary Edema, Respiratory Function Tests, Sports}, pages = {219--228}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ETGFCFFH/document.pdf:application/pdf;RowingCough.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HGCNFW35/RowingCough.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/29X6B5J2/02640418808729811.html:text/html} } @article{peters_3d_2004, title = {3D breath-held cardiac function with projection reconstruction in steady state free precession validated using 2D cine {MRI}}, volume = {20}, issn = {1053-1807}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15332248}, doi = {10.1002/jmri.20145}, abstract = {PURPOSE: To develop and validate a three-dimensional (3D) single breath-hold, projection reconstruction (PR), balanced steady state free precession (SSFP) method for cardiac function evaluation against a two-dimensional (2D) multislice Fourier (Cartesian) transform (FT) SSFP method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 3D PR SSFP sequence used projections in the x-y plane and partitions in z, providing 70-80 msec temporal resolution and 1.7 x 1.7 x 8-10 mm in a 24-heartbeat breath hold. A total of 10 volunteers were imaged with both methods, and the measurements of global cardiac function were compared. RESULTS: Mean signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for the blood and myocardium were 114 and 42 (2D) and 59 and 21 (3D). Bland-Altman analysis comparing the 2D and 3D ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) and end systolic volume (LVESV), and end diastolic myocardial mass (LVEDM) provided values of bias +/-2 SD of 0.6\% +/- 7.7 \% for LVEF, 5.9 mL +/- 20 mL for LVEDV, -2.8 mL +/- 12 mL for LVESV, and -0.61 g +/- 13 g for LVEDM. 3D interobserver variability was greater than 2D for LVEDM and LVESV. CONCLUSION: In a single breath hold, the 3D PR method provides comparable information to the standard 2D FT method, which employs 10-12 breath holds.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, author = {Peters, Dana C. and Ennis, Daniel B. and Rohatgi, Pratik and Syed, Mushabbar A. and McVeigh, Elliot R. and Arai, Andrew E.}, month = sep, year = {2004}, pmid = {15332248}, keywords = {Adult, Cardiac Volume, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Male, Myocardial Contraction}, pages = {411--416}, file = {20145_ftp.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6F9D2DN8/20145_ftp.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lankton_localizing_2008, title = {Localizing region-based active contours}, volume = {17}, issn = {1057-7149}, doi = {10.1109/TIP.2008.2004611}, abstract = {In this paper, we propose a natural framework that allows any region-based segmentation energy to be re-formulated in a local way. We consider local rather than global image statistics and evolve a contour based on local information. Localized contours are capable of segmenting objects with heterogeneous feature profiles that would be difficult to capture correctly using a standard global method. The presented technique is versatile enough to be used with any global region-based active contour energy and instill in it the benefits of localization. We describe this framework and demonstrate the localization of three well-known energies in order to illustrate how our framework can be applied to any energy. We then compare each localized energy to its global counterpart to show the improvements that can be achieved. Next, an in-depth study of the behaviors of these energies in response to the degree of localization is given. Finally, we show results on challenging images to illustrate the robust and accurate segmentations that are possible with this new class of active contour models. {\textcopyright} 2008 IEEE.}, language = {English}, number = {11}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, author = {Lankton, S. and Tannenbaum, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Active contours, Curve evolution, image segmentation, Level set methods, Multiregion segmentation, Partial differential equations}, pages = {2029--2039}, file = {SCOPUS Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z3HC2GDS/display.html:text/html} } @article{thavendiranathan_primary_2006, title = {Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases with statin therapy: {A} meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials}, volume = {166}, issn = {0003-9926 (Print)}, number = {21}, journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine}, author = {Thavendiranathan, P. and Bagai, A. and Brookhart, M. A. and Choudhry, N. K.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Primary Prevention, Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention \& control, Clinical Trials as Topic, Coronary Disease/etiology/mortality/*prevention \& control, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacology/*therapeutic, Hypercholesterolemia/complications/*drug therapy/prevention \& control, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Assessment, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, use}, pages = {2307--13}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RCQTZEEK/Thavendiranathan-2006-Primary prevention o.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rohr_3d_1997, title = {On 3D differential operators for detecting point landmarks}, volume = {15}, issn = {0262-8856}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262885696011274}, doi = {16/S0262-8856(96)01127-4}, abstract = {Point-based registration of volume image data heavily relies on the selection of suitable landmarks. In this contribution, we study the extraction of 3D point landmarks from images. Point landmarks have a unique position which can be deduced from the intensity variations in a sufficiently large neighborhood around the prominent point. We propose four 3D differential operators which are generalizations of existing 2D operators for detecting points of high intensity variations. In comparison to previous approaches, our operators have the advantage that only low order partial derivatives of the image function are necessary. Therefore, these operators are computationally efficient and do not suffer from instabilities of computing high order partial derivatives. We also describe how the 3D operators can be generalized to be used on images of arbitrary dimension. First experimental results will be presented on medical imagery.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2011-09-05}, journal = {Image and Vision Computing}, author = {Rohr, Karl}, month = mar, year = {1997}, keywords = {3D differential operators, Anatomical landmarks, Medical image analysis, Point-based registration}, pages = {219--233}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JGXGK4S8/Rohr - 1997 - On 3D differential operators for detecting point l.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2J34JRDN/S0262885696011274.html:text/html} } @article{trescot_opioid_2008, title = {Opioid pharmacology}, volume = {11}, issn = {1533-3159 (Print)}, number = {2 Suppl}, journal = {Pain Physician}, author = {Trescot, A. M. and Datta, S. and Lee, M. and Hansen, H.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Analgesics, Opioid/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/therapeutic, Drug Interactions, Humans, Models, Molecular, Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology, Receptors, Opioid, delta/drug effects/physiology, Receptors, Opioid, kappa/drug effects/physiology, Receptors, Opioid, mu/drug effects/physiology, use}, pages = {S133--53}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QMBBV8Z2/Trescot21.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kass_snakes_1988, title = {Snakes: {Active} contour models}, volume = {1}, issn = {0920-5691}, shorttitle = {Snakes}, doi = {10.1007/BF00133570}, number = {4}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Vision}, author = {Kass, Michael and Witkin, Andrew and Terzopoulos, Demetri}, month = jan, year = {1988}, pages = {321--331}, file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9GR5TAXH/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{morillo_chronic_1995, title = {Chronic rapid atrial pacing: {Structural}, functional, and electrophysiological characteristics of a new model of sustained atrial fibrillation}, volume = {91}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/91/5/1588}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.91.5.1588}, abstract = {Background Despite the clinical importance of atrial fibrillation (AF), the development of chronic nonvalvular AF models has been difficult. Animal models of sustained AF have been developed primarily in the short-term setting. Recently, models of chronic ventricular myopathy and fibrillation have been developed after several weeks of continuous rapid ventricular pacing. We hypothesized that chronic rapid atrial pacing would lead to atrial myopathy, yielding a reproducible model of sustained AF. Methods and Results Twenty-two halothane-anesthetized mongrel dogs underwent insertion of a transvenous lead at the right atrial appendage that was continuously paced at 400 beats per minute for 6 weeks. Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed in 11 dogs to assess the effects of rapid atrial pacing on atrial size. Atrial vulnerability was defined as the ability to induce sustained repetitive atrial responses during programmed electrical stimulation and was assessed by extrastimulus and burst-pacing techniques. Effective refractory period (ERP) was measured at two endocardial sites in the right atrium. Sustained AF was defined as AF >=15 minutes. In animals with sustained AF, 10 quadripolar epicardial electrodes were surgically attached to the right and left atria. The local atrial fibrillatory cycle length (AFCL) was measured in a 20-second window, and the mean AFCL was measured at each site. Marked biatrial enlargement was documented; after 6 weeks of continuous rapid atrial pacing, the left atrium was 7.8{\textpm}1 cm2 at baseline versus 11.3{\textpm}1 cm2 after pacing, and the right atrium was 4.3{\textpm}0.7 cm2 at baseline versus 7.2{\textpm}1.3 cm2 after pacing. An increase in atrial area of at least 40\% was necessary to induce sustained AF and was strongly correlated with the inducibility of AF (r=.87). Electron microscopy of atrial tissue demonstrated structural changes that were characterized by an increase in mitochondrial size and number and by disruption of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. After 6 weeks of continuous rapid atrial pacing, sustained AF was induced in 18 dogs (82\%) and nonsustained AF was induced in 2 dogs (9\%). AF occurred spontaneously in 4 dogs (18\%). Right atrial ERP, measured at cycle lengths of 400 and 300 milliseconds at baseline, was significantly shortened after pacing, from 150{\textpm}8 to 127{\textpm}10 milliseconds and from 147{\textpm}11 to 123{\textpm}12 milliseconds, respectively (P{\textless}.001). This finding was highly predictive of inducibility of AF (90\%). Increased atrial area (40\%) and ERP shortening were highly predictive for the induction of sustained AF (88\%). Local epicardial ERP correlated well with local AFCL (R2=.93). Mean AFCL was significantly shorter in the left atrium (81{\textpm}8 milliseconds) compared with the right atrium 94{\textpm}9 milliseconds (P{\textless}.05). An area in the posterior left atrium was consistently found to have a shorter AFCL (74{\textpm}5 milliseconds). Cryoablation of this area was attempted in 11 dogs. In 9 dogs (82\%; mean, 9.0{\textpm}4.0; range, 5 to 14), AF was terminated and no longer induced after serial cryoablation. Conclusions Sustained AF was readily inducible in most dogs (82\%) after rapid atrial pacing. This model was consistently associated with biatrial myopathy and marked changes in atrial vulnerability. An area in the posterior left atrium was uniformly shown to have the shortest AFCL. The results of restoration of sinus rhythm and prevention of inducibility of AF after cryoablation of this area of the left atrium suggest that this area may be critical in the maintenance of AF in this model.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-12-20}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Morillo, Carlos A. and Klein, George J. and Jones, Douglas L. and Guiraudon, Colette M.}, month = mar, year = {1995}, pmid = {7867201}, keywords = {electrophysiology, fibrillation}, pages = {1588--1595}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JMPQJHWJ/1588.html:text/html} } @article{anter_atrial_2009, title = {Atrial fibrillation and heart failure: {Treatment} considerations for a dual epidemic}, volume = {119}, shorttitle = {Atrial {Fibrillation} and {Heart} {Failure}}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.821306}, number = {18}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Anter, Elad and Jessup, Mariell and Callans, David J.}, month = may, year = {2009}, pages = {2516--2525}, file = {2516.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B6G2EANH/2516.pdf:application/pdf;HighWire Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MZR8ESER/2516.html:text/html} } @article{kellman_motion-corrected_2005, title = {Motion-corrected free-breathing delayed enhancement imaging of myocardial infarction}, volume = {53}, issn = {0740-3194}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mrm.20333/full}, doi = {10.1002/mrm.20333}, number = {1}, urldate = {2010-10-26}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Kellman, Peter and Larson, Andrew C. and Hsu, Li-Yueh and Chung, Yiu-Cho and Simonetti, Orlando P. and McVeigh, Elliot R. and Arai, Andrew E.}, month = jan, year = {2005}, pages = {194--200}, file = {20333_ftp.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B86W8WTM/20333_ftp.pdf:application/pdf;Motion-corrected free-breathing delayed enhancement imaging of myocardial infarction - Kellman - 2004 - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - Wiley Online Library:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q4PVIESE/full.html:text/html} } @article{baker_ii_predictors_1994, title = {Predictors of recurrent atrioventricular nodal reentry after selective slow pathway ablation}, volume = {73}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0002914994908788}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(94)90878-8}, abstract = {Although radiofrequency catheter ablation of the slow atrioventricular (AV) nodal pathway is highly effective for the management of AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), this arrhythmia may recur in some patients after an ablation procedure that initially renders AVNRT noninducible. A retrospective study examined the factors that are associated with the recurrence of AVNRT after selective radiofrequency catheter ablation of the slow pathway. Patients were included in the study if they had initially inducible, typical slow-fast AVNRT that was noninducible at the end of the ablation session. Selective ablation of the slow pathway was performed using radiofrequency energy applied along the tricuspid annulus near the coronary sinus ostium. AVNRT recurred after initially successful slow pathway ablation in 10 of 136 patients (7.4\%) over a mean follow-up period of 20.1 {\textpm} 5.0 months; the time to recurrence ranged from 1 to 411 days. Despite the absence of inducible AVNRT, dual anterograde AV nodal conduction properties persisted after slow pathway ablation in 10 patients AVNRT recurred in 4 of 10 patients who had evidence of residual slow pathway conduction compared with only 6 of 126 who had no residual slow pathway conduction (p = 0.003). All patients with persistent slow pathway conduction and recurrent AVNRT also had residual AV nodal echo beats. AVNRT recurred in 3 of 6 patients without accelerated junctional tachycardia during radiofrequency application compared with only 7 of 109 with accelerated junctional tachycardia (p = 0.003). Thus, AVNRT infrequently recurs after successful selective radiofrequency ablation of the slow pathway. The presence of residual slow pathway conduction and AV nodal echo beats after ablation is associated with an increased risk of recurrent AVNRT.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Baker II, James H. and Plumb, Vance J. and Epstein, Andrew E. and Neal Kay, G.}, month = apr, year = {1994}, pages = {765--769}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8ZIN8S3J/Baker II et al. - 1994 - Predictors of recurrent atrioventricular nodal ree.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GPDEEH59/0002914994908788.html:text/html} } @article{louie_stunning_1998, title = {``{Stunning}'' of the left atrium after spontaneous conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm: {Demonstration} by transesophageal {Doppler} techniques in a canine model}, volume = {32}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00508-7}, doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00508-7}, abstract = {Objectives. This study compared left atrial and left atrial appendage contraction velocities in sinus rhythm before and after a brief period of atrial fibrillation in a canine model.Background. In patients, left atrial appendage contraction velocities measured during sinus rhythm after cardioversion from atrial fibrillation are depressed relative to left atrial appendage emptying velocities measured during atrial fibrillation, suggesting that the left atrial appendage is mechanically {\textquotedblleft}stunned.{\textquotedblright}Methods. This phenomenon was studied in a canine model of acute (60 min) pacing-induced atrial fibrillation followed by spontaneous reversion to sinus rhythm using epicardial and transesophageal pulsed wave Doppler. Unique features of the model include: 1) comparison of left atrial function postconversion to baseline sinus rhythm rather than to measurements during atrial fibrillation, 2) control of the duration of atrial fibrillation and 3) elimination of the extraneous influences of direct current shock and antiarrhythmic agents, which may independently depress left atrial function.Results. Hemodynamic conditions (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean right atrial pressure and mean left atrial pressure) at baseline, during 60 min of atrial fibrillation and after reversion to sinus rhythm were constant throughout the study period. Peak left atrial contraction velocities (measured from the transmitral flow velocity profile) were significantly (p {\textless} 0.02) reduced to 64 {\textpm} 22\% of baseline values upon spontaneous conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm and recovered to basal values by 20 min after resumption of sinus rhythm. Peak left atrial appendage contraction velocities were significantly (p {\textless} 0.001) reduced to 49 {\textpm} 24\% of baseline values upon spontaneous conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm and recovered to basal values by 40 min after reversion to sinus rhythm.Conclusions. Even brief (60 min) periods of atrial fibrillation in normal canine hearts result in marked depression of global left atrial systolic function and regional left atrial (left atrial appendage) systolic function upon resumption of sinus rhythm. This {\textquotedblleft}mechanical stunning{\textquotedblright} of left atrial systolic function appears to be more profound and of longer duration for the left atrial appendage compared with the left atrium as a whole, which may predispose the appendage to blood stasis and thrombus formation. Chronic models of atrial fibrillation need to be developed to examine the impact of longer periods of atrial fibrillation upon the magnitude and duration of postconversion left atrial {\textquotedblleft}stunning.{\textquotedblright}}, number = {7}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Louie, Eric K. and Liu, Dong and Reynertson, Sandra I. and Loeb, Henry S. and McKiernan, Thomas L. and Scanlon, Patrick J. and Hariman, Robert J.}, month = dec, year = {1998}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, canis familiaris, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, entire left auricular appendage, left atrial structure, sinus rhythm}, pages = {2081--2086}, file = {05087.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5M9J452F/05087.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{doyle_valley_1915, address = {New York}, title = {The {Valley} of {Fear}}, publisher = {George H. Doran Company}, author = {Doyle, Arthur Conan}, month = feb, year = {1915} } @article{green_prognostic_2012, title = {Prognostic value of late gadolinium enhancement in clinical outcomes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy}, volume = {5}, issn = {1936-878X}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936878X12001659}, doi = {10.1016/j.jcmg.2011.11.021}, abstract = {Objectives The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the predictive value of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for future cardiovascular events and death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Background The utility of LGE for detecting myocardial fibrosis is well established. The prognostic value of LGE in HCM has been described in several studies, but controversy exists given the limited power of these studies to predict future events. Methods We searched multiple databases including PubMed for studies of LGE in HCM that reported selected clinical outcomes (cardiovascular mortality, sudden cardiac death [SCD], aborted SCD, and heart failure death). We performed a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine pooled odds ratios for these clinical events. Results Four studies evaluated 1,063 patients over an average follow-up of 3.1 years. The pooled prevalence of LGE was 60\%. The pooled odds ratios (OR) demonstrate that LGE by CMR correlated with cardiac death (pooled OR: 2.92, 95\% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01 to 8.42; p = 0.047), heart failure death (pooled OR: 5.68, 95\% CI: 1.04 to 31.07; p = 0.045), and all-cause mortality (pooled OR: 4.46, 95\% CI: 1.53 to 13.01; p = 0.006), and showed a trend toward significance for predicting sudden death/aborted sudden death (pooled OR: 2.39, 95\% CI: 0.87 to 6.58; p = 0.091). Conclusions Late gadolinium enhancement by CMR has prognostic value in predicting adverse cardiovascular events among HCM patients. There are significant relationships between LGE and cardiovascular mortality, heart failure death, and all-cause mortality in HCM. Additionally, LGE and SCD/aborted SCD displayed a trend toward significance. The assessment of LGE by CMR has the potential to provide important information to improve risk stratification in HCM in clinical practice.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Green, John J. and Berger, Jeffery S. and Kramer, Christopher M. and Salerno, Michael}, month = apr, year = {2012}, keywords = {cardiac magnetic resonance, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, late gadolinium enhancement, sudden cardiac death}, pages = {370--377}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/P4WIRCSM/Green et al. - 2012 - Prognostic Value of Late Gadolinium Enhancement in.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MNR4Z2F3/Green et al. - 2012 - Prognostic Value of Late Gadolinium Enhancement in.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I7SH5ZHK/S1936878X12001659.html:text/html;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3GGKK2PR/S1936878X12001659.html:text/html} } @article{huang_pharmacogenetics_2009, title = {Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics of anticancer agents}, volume = {59}, issn = {0007-9235 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians}, author = {Huang, R. S. and Ratain, M. J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Genome, Human, *Pharmacogenetics, 6-Mercaptopurine/pharmacokinetics, Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Camptothecin/analogs \& derivatives/pharmacokinetics, Clinical Trials as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine, Fluorouracil/pharmacokinetics, Genetic Markers, Genotype, Humans, Neoplasms/drug therapy/economics/genetics/metabolism, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic/drug effects, Tamoxifen/pharmacokinetics}, pages = {42--55}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MADXGPA6/Huang-2009-Pharmacogenetics and.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{radon_determination_1986, title = {On the determination of functions from their integral values along certain manifolds}, volume = {5}, issn = {0278-0062}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.1986.4307775}, abstract = {When one integrates a function of two variables x,y - a point function f(P) in the plane - subject to suitable regularity conditions along an arbitrary straight line g then one obtains in the integral values F(g), a line function. In Part A of the present paper the problem which is solved is the inversion of this linear functional transformation, that is the following questions are answered: can every line function satisfying suitable regularity conditions be regarded as constructed in this way? If so, is f uniquely known from F and how can f be calculated? In Part B a solution of the dual problem of calculating a line function F(g) from its point mean values f(P) is solved in a certain sense. Finally, in Part C certain generalizations are discussed, prompted by consideration of non-Euclidean manifolds as well as higher dimensional spaces. The treatment of these problems, themselves of interest, gains enhanced importance through the numerous relationships that exist between this topic and the theory of logarithmic and Newtonian potentials. These are mentioned at appropriate places in the text.}, number = {4}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Radon, Johann}, translator = {Parks, P. C.}, month = dec, year = {1986}, keywords = {Integral equations, Mathematics}, pages = {170--176}, file = {04307775.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KK5BZW2G/04307775.pdf:application/pdf;IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZBGC5GKA/articleDetails.html:text/html} } @article{heppell_haemostatic_1997, title = {Haemostatic and haemodynamic abnormalities associated with left atrial thrombosis in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation}, volume = {77}, issn = {, 1468-201X}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/77/5/407}, doi = {10.1136/hrt.77.5.407}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of haemostatic and haemodynamic variables in left atrial thrombosis in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation. DESIGN: Case-control study. SUBJECTS: One hundred and nine patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation. INTERVENTIONS: Peak blood velocity measured at three sites in the left atrium. Venous blood sampled for coagulant proteins and markers of haemostatic activation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presence of left atrial thrombus and spontaneous echo contrast at transoesophageal echocardiography. RESULTS: Left atrial thrombus was identified in 19 patients (18\%), 16 of whom had spontaneous echo contrast. Patients with thrombus had reduced peak left atrial appendage velocity compared with those without (0.17 v 0.26 m/s; P {\textless} 0.001), but no significant reductions in peak mid-left atrial or mitral valve outflow velocity. Patients with thrombus had increased plasma markers of platelet activation-beta thromboglobulin (56.8 v 30.4 IU/ml; P {\textless} 0.001) and platelet factor 4 (6.1 v 3.5 IU/ml; P {\textless} 0.01)-and of thrombogenesis: thrombin-antithrombin complexes (5.59 v 3.06 micrograms/ml; P {\textless} 0.001) and D-dimers (479 v 298 ng/ml; P {\textless} 0.01). von Willebrand factor was also increased (1.81 v 1.52 IU/ml; P {\textless} 0.05). A multiple logistic regression model identified left atrial appendage velocity (P = 0.001), beta thromboglobulin (P = 0.002), and von Willebrand factor (P = 0.04) as the independent associates of left atrial thrombosis, ahead of the presence of spontaneous echo contrast. CONCLUSIONS: Haemostatic and haemodynamic abnormalities are associated with left atrial thrombus in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation, and may help stratify thromboembolic risk.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Heppell, R. M. and Berkin, K. E. and McLenachan, J. M. and Davies, J. A.}, month = may, year = {1997}, pmid = {9196408}, pages = {407--411}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/72872MKC/Heppell et al. - 1997 - Haemostatic and haemodynamic abnormalities associa.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S7GVI95K/407.html:text/html} } @article{ridker_rosuvastatin_2008, title = {Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {359}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, number = {21}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Ridker, P. M. and Danielson, E. and Fonseca, F. A. and Genest, J. and Gotto, A. M. and Kastelein, J. J. and Koenig, W. and Libby, P. and Lorenzatti, A. J. and MacFadyen, J. G. and Nordestgaard, B. G. and Shepherd, J. and Willerson, J. T. and Glynn, R. J.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Aged, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/mortality/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus/chemically induced, Double-Blind Method, effects/*therapeutic use, Female, Fluorobenzenes/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Follow-Up Studies, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/metabolism, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse, Kaplan-Meiers Estimate, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Diseases/chemically induced, Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology/prevention \& control, Proportional Hazards Models, Pyrimidines/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Stroke/epidemiology/prevention \& control, Sulfonamides/adverse effects/*therapeutic use}, pages = {2195--207}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5WPF9E48/Ridker-2008-Rosuvastatin to prev.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{wikimedia_commons_echocardiograms_2005, title = {Echocardiograms}, url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PLAX_Mmode.jpg}, urldate = {2014-01-08}, author = {{Wikimedia Commons}}, year = {2005}, biboverride = {Wikimedia Commons, \newblock ``{E}chocardiogram'' [images]. \newblock Accessed 8 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PLAX_Mmode.jpg! and \textit{ibid}\verb!/File:Echocardiogram_4chambers.jpg!, under public domain declarations.} } @article{sweetman_newborn_2001, title = {Newborn screening by tandem mass spectrometry: {Gaining} experience}, volume = {47}, number = {11}, journal = {Clinical Chemistry}, author = {Sweetman, Lawrence}, year = {2001}, pages = {1937--1938}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/V9EA2W7D/TandemMassSpec.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kopecky_natural_1987, title = {The natural history of lone atrial fibrillation}, volume = {317}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198709103171104}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM198709103171104}, abstract = {ATRIAL fibrillation may occur in the presence of a variety of cardiovascular diseases but also in the absence of any other clinical evidence to suggest a primary cardiac disorder; in the latter case it is known as lone atrial fibrillation.1 The influence of lone atrial fibrillation on thromboembolic events, survival, and subsequent events of cardiac disease is not well established. Although the frequency of atrial fibrillation is approximately 2 percent in an unselected adult population,2 it has been observed in approximately 25 percent of patients with strokes.3 Thus, from a neurologist's perspective, atrial fibrillation is commonly associated with stroke, whereas . . .}, number = {11}, urldate = {2014-12-10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Kopecky, Stephen L. and Gersh, Bernard J. and McGoon, Michael D. and Whisnant, Jack P. and Holmes, David R. and Ilstrup, Duane M. and Frye, Robert L.}, month = sep, year = {1987}, pmid = {3627174}, pages = {669--674}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KI7BP6PN/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4S6Q64PI/NEJM198709103171104.html:text/html} } @article{marnach_current_2013, title = {Current {Issues} in contraception}, volume = {88}, issn = {0025-6196}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619613000633}, doi = {10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.01.007}, abstract = {Contraceptive management in women should take into account patient lifestyle and coexisting medical issues as well as method safety, efficacy, and noncontraceptive benefits. This review focuses on common and timely issues related to contraception encountered in clinical practice, including migraine headaches and associated risk of ischemic stroke, the use of combined hormonal contraception along with citalopram and escitalopram, contraceptive efficacy and safety in the setting of obesity, contraceptives for treatment of menorrhagia, the association of intrauterine contraception and decreased risk of cervical cancer, and the association of venous thromboembolism and combined hormonal contraception. Recent trends supporting the use of long-acting reversible contraception are also reviewed.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-10-15}, journal = {Mayo Clinic Proceedings}, author = {Marnach, Mary L. and Long, Margaret E. and Casey, Petra M.}, month = mar, year = {2013}, pages = {295--299}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/W8J8HNE5/document.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8FSDFMRC/Marnach et al. - 2013 - Current Issues in Contraception.html:text/html} } @article{elke_one_1995, title = {One century of diagnostic imaging in medicine}, volume = {51}, issn = {0014-4754}, abstract = {The historical outline shows the development of radiologic diagnostics from the early Roentgen days up to this centenary. The roots of radiologic diagnostics go back to the European Renaissance. It is a history of medical pattern recognition and functional analysis by several methods including X-rays, ultrasound waves or strong magnetic fields. The difference between conventional radiographs and a picture reconstructed after digitalization, with several possibilities of postprocessing, is explained. Research and further technical revolutions, like the development of semiconductor elements and computers or tailored contrast media, sophisticated pictorial representations and perceptions, are among the cornerstones of imaging diagnostics. During this century many diseases have changed their manifestation and spread. This is illustrated by tuberculosis and cancer and highlights the growing importance of imaging diagnostics and interventional radiology. The thorny path to independence of radiology is also a history of the medical establishment's resistance.}, language = {eng}, number = {7}, journal = {Experientia}, author = {Elke, M.}, month = jul, year = {1995}, pmid = {7628577}, keywords = {Contrast Media, Diagnostic Imaging, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Radiation Dosage, Radiography, Thoracic, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography}, pages = {665--680}, file = {art%3A10.1007%2FBF01941264.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HU7U57RQ/art%3A10.1007%2FBF01941264.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ahlstrom_digital_1985, title = {Digital filters for real-time {ECG} signal processing using microprocessors}, volume = {BME-32}, issn = {0018-9294}, doi = {10.1109/TBME.1985.325589}, abstract = {Traditionally, analog circuits have been used for signal conditioning of electrocardiograms. As an alternative, algorithms implemented as programs on microprocessors can do similar filtering tasks. Also, digital filter algorithms can perform processes that are difficult or impossible using analog techniques. Presented here are a set of real-time digital filters each implemented as a subroutine. By calling these subroutines in an appropriate sequence, a user can cascade filters together to implement a desired filtering task on a single microprocessor. Included are an adaptive 60-Hz interference filter, two low-pass filters, a high-pass filter for eliminating dc offset in an ECG, an ECG data reduction algorithm, band-pass filters for use in QRS detection, and a derivative-based QRS detection algorithm. These filters achieve real-time speeds by requiring only integer arithmetic. They can be implemented on a diversity of available microprocessors.}, number = {9}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering}, author = {Ahlstrom, M. L. and Tompkins, W. J.}, year = {1985}, keywords = {Adaptive filters, Analog circuits, Band pass filters, Biomedical Engineering, Computers, Digital filters, Digital signal processing, Electrocardiography, Filtering, Humans, Low pass filters, Microcomputers, Microprocessors, Signal processing algorithms}, pages = {708--713}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TQJSUN4W/abs_all.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/96C3SCSX/Ahlstrom and Tompkins - 1985 - Digital Filters for Real-Time ECG Signal Processin.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{steinberg_anticoagulation_2014, title = {Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation}, volume = {348}, issn = {1756-1833}, url = {http://www.bmj.com/cgi/doi/10.1136/bmj.g2116}, doi = {10.1136/bmj.g2116}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {British Medical Journal}, author = {Steinberg, B. A. and Piccini, J. P.}, month = apr, year = {2014}, pages = {g2116}, file = {bmj.g2116.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C2UB6PE6/bmj.g2116.full.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nkomo_burden_2006, title = {Burden of valvular heart diseases: {A} population-based study}, volume = {368}, issn = {0140-6736}, number = {9540}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Nkomo, Vuyisile T. and Gardin, Julius M. and Skelton, Thomas N. and Gottdiener, John S. and Scott, Christopher G. and Enriquez-Sarano, Maurice}, year = {2006}, pages = {1005--1011}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6DPFVTFU/Nkomo ValveBurden.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{thiedemann_left_1977, title = {Left atrial ultrastructure in mitral valvular disease.}, volume = {89}, issn = {0002-9440}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2032253/}, abstract = {Light microscopic and ultrastructural observations were made on left atrial tissues obtained from 14 patients at the time of operation for correction of mitral valvular disease. Cardiac muscle cells varied in size but most frequently were hypertrophied. In fibrotic areas, present in all left atria, the muscle cells tended to be isolated from adjacent cells and exhibited degenerative changes of varying severity. These changes consisted or proliferation of Z-band material and cytoskeletal filaments, myofibrillar loss, proliferation of elements of free and extended junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum, variations in size and number of mitochondria, occurrence of abnormal mitochondria, dissociation of intercellular junctions, formation of spherical microparticles, and accumulation of lysosomal degradation products. Hypertrophy was considered to lead to cellular degeneration, with decrease or loss of contractile function. Atrial fibrillation was associated with severe cellular degeneration. The severity of degeneration was greater in patients with mitral regurgitation, with or without associated mitral stenosis, than in patients with pure mitral stenosis.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {The American Journal of Pathology}, author = {Thiedemann, K. U. and Ferrans, V. J.}, month = dec, year = {1977}, pmid = {145805}, pmcid = {PMC2032253}, pages = {575--604}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2RB92JBM/Thiedemann and Ferrans - 1977 - Left atrial ultrastructure in mitral valvular dise.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kramer_fusion_2010, title = {Fusion images: {More} informative than the sum of individual images?}, volume = {3}, issn = {1876-7591 (Electronic)}, number = {9}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Kramer, C. M. and Narula, J.}, year = {2010}, pages = {985--6}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KFAPJND2/Fusion-ed1.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{roger_trends_2004, title = {Trends in heart failure incidence and survival in a community-based population}, volume = {292}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Roger, Veronique L. and Weston, Susan A. and Redfield, Margaret M. and Hellermann-Homan, Jens P. and Killian, Jill and Yawn, Barbara P. and Jacobsen, Steven J.}, year = {2004}, pages = {344--350}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZTUU78ET/Roger HFSurvival.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ward_systematic_2007, title = {A systematic review and economic evaluation of statins for the prevention of coronary events}, volume = {11}, issn = {1366-5278 (Print)}, number = {14}, journal = {Health Technology Assessment}, author = {Ward, S. and Lloyd Jones, M. and Pandor, A. and Holmes, M. and Ara, R. and Ryan, A. and Yeo, W. and Payne, N.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Cost-Benefit Analysis, Bayes Theorem, Coronary Disease/mortality/*prevention \& control, effects/economics/*therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse, Male, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Quality of Life}, pages = {1--160, iii--iv}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JJ2BJKJV/Ward.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{eisen_effect_1990, title = {The effect of prescribed daily dose frequency on patient medication compliance}, volume = {150}, issn = {0003-9926 (Print)}, url = {http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/150/9/1881 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=2102668}, number = {9}, journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine}, author = {Eisen, S. A. and Miller, D. K. and Woodward, R. S. and Spitznagel, E. and Przybeck, T. R.}, year = {1990}, keywords = {*Drug Administration Schedule, *Patient Compliance, Antihypertensive Agents/administration \& dosage, Drug Packaging, Humans, Hypertension/drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Patients/psychology}, pages = {1881--4} } @article{kritek_jupiter_2009, title = {{JUPITER} clinical directions -- {Polling} results}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Kritek, P. and Campion, E. W.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Mass Screening, Adult, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, C-Reactive Protein/analysis, Fluorobenzenes/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Laboratory Techniques and Procedures/utilization, Pyrimidines/therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/therapeutic use}, pages = {e14}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TTH8G26N/Kritek-2009-JUPITER clinical dir.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{gagliardi_ultrasonography_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Ultrasonography}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Goldberg, Barry B. and Gramiak, Raymond and Freimanis, Atis K.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {413--442}, file = {RCI_D_c17.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X4AR45VH/RCI_D_c17.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hartung_magnetic_2011, title = {Magnetic resonance angiography: {Current} status and future directions}, volume = {13}, issn = {1532-429X}, shorttitle = {Magnetic resonance angiography}, doi = {10.1186/1532-429X-13-19}, abstract = {With recent improvement in hardware and software techniques, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has undergone significant changes in technique and approach. The advent of 3.0 T magnets has allowed reduction in exogenous contrast dose without compromising overall image quality. The use of novel intravascular contrast agents substantially increases the image windows and decreases contrast dose. Additionally, the lower risk and cost in non-contrast enhanced (NCE) MRA has sparked renewed interest in these methods. This article discusses the current state of both contrast-enhanced (CE) and NCE-MRA. New CE-MRA methods take advantage of dose reduction at 3.0 T, novel contrast agents, and parallel imaging methods. The risks of gadolinium-based contrast media, and the NCE-MRA methods of time-of-flight, steady-state free precession, and phase contrast are discussed.}, language = {eng}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance}, author = {Hartung, Michael P. and Grist, Thomas M. and Fran{\c c}ois, Christopher J.}, year = {2011}, pmid = {21388544}, pmcid = {PMC3060856}, keywords = {Adult, Cardiovascular diseases, Contrast Media, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors}, pages = {19}, file = {1532-429X-13-19.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3NVNJPD5/1532-429X-13-19.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{stoet_can_2012, title = {Can stereotype threat explain the gender gap in mathematics performance and achievement?}, volume = {16}, copyright = {(c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved}, issn = {1939-1552(Electronic);1089-2680(Print)}, doi = {10.1037/a0026617}, abstract = {Men and women score similarly in most areas of mathematics, but a gap favoring men is consistently found at the high end of performance. One explanation for this gap, stereotype threat, was first proposed by Spencer, Steele, and Quinn (1999) and has received much attention. We discuss merits and shortcomings of this study and review replication attempts. Only 55\% of the articles with experimental designs that could have replicated the original results did so. But half of these were confounded by statistical adjustment of preexisting mathematics exam scores. Of the unconfounded experiments, only 30\% replicated the original. A meta-analysis of these effects confirmed that only the group of studies with adjusted mathematics scores displayed the stereotype threat effect. We conclude that although stereotype threat may affect some women, the existing state of knowledge does not support the current level of enthusiasm for this as a mechanism underlying the gender gap in mathematics. We argue there are many reasons to close this gap, and that too much weight on the stereotype explanation may hamper research and implementation of effective interventions.}, number = {1}, journal = {Review of General Psychology}, author = {Stoet, Gijsbert and Geary, David C.}, year = {2012}, keywords = {*Human Sex Differences, *Mathematics Achievement, *Sex Role Attitudes, *Stereotyped Attitudes, Threat}, pages = {93--102}, file = {Stoet-Geary-RGP2012.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3HUGQ8XK/Stoet-Geary-RGP2012.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ricketts_percutaneous_1962, title = {Percutaneous selective coronary cine arteriography}, volume = {181}, issn = {0098-7484}, language = {eng}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Ricketts, H. J. and Abrams, H. L.}, month = aug, year = {1962}, pmid = {14492075}, keywords = {Angiography}, pages = {620--624}, file = {jama_181_7_011.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6S4MCHFA/jama_181_7_011.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{di_paolo_clinical_2006, title = {Clinical pharmacokinetics of irinotecan-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients}, volume = {1}, issn = {1574-8847 (Print)}, number = {3}, journal = {Current Clinical Pharmacology}, author = {Di Paolo, A. and Bocci, G. and Danesi, R. and Del Tacca, M.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Administration, Oral, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/ pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use, Camptothecin/adverse effects/ analogs \& derivatives/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic, Colorectal Neoplasms/ drug therapy, Humans, Liver/metabolism, use}, pages = {311--23} } @article{hunter_matplotlib_2007, title = {Matplotlib: {A} 2D graphics environment}, volume = {9}, issn = {1521-9615}, shorttitle = {Matplotlib}, url = {http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/cise/9/3/10.1109/MCSE.2007.55}, doi = {10.1109/MCSE.2007.55}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-08-26}, journal = {Computing in Science \& Engineering}, author = {Hunter, John D.}, month = may, year = {2007}, pages = {90--95}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FFMZXMSU/MCSE.2007.html:text/html} } @article{pappone_circumferential_2000, title = {Circumferential radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia: {A} new anatomic approach for curing atrial fibrillation}, volume = {102}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/102/21/2619}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.102.21.2619}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}The pulmonary veins (PVs) and surrounding ostial areas frequently house focal triggers or reentrant circuits critical to the genesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). We developed an anatomic approach aimed at isolating each PV from the left atrium (LA) by circumferential radiofrequency (RF) lesions around their ostia. Methods and Results{\textemdash}We selected 26 patients with resistant AF, either paroxysmal (n=14) or permanent (n=12). A nonfluoroscopic mapping system was used to generate 3D electroanatomic LA maps and deliver RF energy. Two maps were acquired during coronary sinus and right atrial pacing to validate the lateral and septal PV lesions, respectively. Patients were followed up closely for >=6 months. Procedures lasted 290{\textpm}58 minutes, including 80{\textpm}22 minutes for acquisition of all maps, and 118{\textpm}16 RF pulses were deployed. Among 14 patients in AF at the beginning of the procedure, 64\% had sinus rhythm restoration during ablation. PV isolation was demonstrated in 76\% of 104 PVs treated by low peak-to-peak electrogram amplitude (0.08{\textpm}0.02 mV) inside the circular line and by disparity in activation times (58{\textpm}11 ms) across the lesion. After 9{\textpm}3 months, 22 patients (85\%) were AF-free, including 62\% not taking and 23\% taking antiarrhythmic drugs, with no difference (P=NS) between paroxysmal and permanent AF. No thromboembolic events or PV stenoses were observed by transesophageal echocardiography. Conclusions{\textemdash}Radiofrequency PV isolation with electroanatomic guidance is safe and effective in either paroxysmal or permanent AF.}, language = {en}, number = {21}, urldate = {2014-12-11}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Pappone, Carlo and Rosanio, Salvatore and Oreto, Giuseppe and Tocchi, Monica and Gugliotta, Filippo and Vicedomini, Gabriele and Salvati, Adriano and Dicandia, Cosimo and Mazzone, Patrizio and Santinelli, Vincenzo and Gulletta, Simone and Chierchia, Sergio}, month = nov, year = {2000}, pmid = {11085966}, keywords = {Catheter Ablation, fibrillation, mapping}, pages = {2619--2628}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CFPKT54W/Pappone et al. - 2000 - Circumferential Radiofrequency Ablation of Pulmona.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RAG4TG76/2619.html:text/html} } @article{delahoy_relationship_2009, title = {The relationship between reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by statins and reduction in risk of cardiovascular outcomes: an updated meta-analysis}, volume = {31}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {2}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Delahoy, P. J. and Magliano, D. J. and Webb, K. and Grobler, M. and Liew, D.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology, Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood/*drug effects, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*pharmacology, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors}, pages = {236--44}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FEMQ3M7P/Delahoy-2009-The relationship bet.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{berk_bilirubin_1994, title = {Bilirubin metabolism and the hereditary hyperbilirubinemias}, volume = {14}, issn = {0272-8087 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=7855625}, number = {4}, journal = {Semin Liver Dis}, author = {Berk, P. D.}, year = {1994}, keywords = {*Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary, Bilirubin/*metabolism, Humans}, pages = {321--2} } @article{hale_efficacy_2007, title = {Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily {OROS} hydromorphone and twice-daily extended-release oxycodone in patients with chronic, moderate to severe osteoarthritis pain: {Results} of a 6-week, randomized, open-label, noninferiority analysis}, volume = {29}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Hale, M. and Tudor, I. C. and Khanna, S. and Thipphawong, J.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/*therapeutic, Chronic Disease, Delayed-Action Preparations, Female, Hip/pathology, Humans, Hydromorphone/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Knee/pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis/complications/*drug therapy, Oxycodone/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Pain/*drug therapy/etiology, use}, pages = {874--88}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2NTFR34N/Hale-2007-Efficacy and tolerab.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mignotte_multiscale_2001, title = {A multiscale optimization approach for the dynamic contour-based boundary detection issue}, volume = {25}, issn = {0895-6111}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895611100000756}, doi = {10.1016/S0895-6111(00)00075-6}, abstract = {We present a new multiscale approach for deformable contour optimization. The method relies on a multigrid minimization method and a coarse-to-fine relaxation algorithm. This approach consists in minimizing a cascade of optimization problems of reduced and increasing complexity instead of considering the minimization problem on the full and original configuration space. Contrary to classical multiresolution algorithms, no reduction of image is applied. The family of defined energy functions are derived from the original (full resolution) objective function, ensuring that the same function is handled at each scale and that the energy decreases at each step of the deformable contour minimization process. The efficiency and the speed of this multiscale optimization strategy is demonstrated in the difficult context of the minimization of a region-based contour energy function ensuring the boundary detection of anatomical structures in ultrasound medical imagery. In this context, the proposed multiscale segmentation method is compared to other classical region-based segmentation approaches such as Maximum Likelihood or Markov Random Field-based segmentation techniques. We also extend this multiscale segmentation strategy to active contour models using a classical edge-based likelihood approach. Finally, time and performance analysis of this approach, compared to the (commonly used) dynamic programming-based optimization procedure, is given and allows to attest the accuracy and the speed of the proposed method.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics}, author = {Mignotte, M. and Meunier, J.}, month = may, year = {2001}, keywords = {Active contour model, Boundary-based segmentation, Multiscale optimization, Snake, Ultrasound medical images}, pages = {265--275}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HN8B8STR/Mignotte and Meunier - 2001 - A multiscale optimization approach for the dynamic.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TQCI8CDP/S0895611100000756.html:text/html} } @article{bailey_relation_1968, title = {Relation of left atrial pathology to atrial fibrillation in mitral valvular disease}, volume = {69}, issn = {0003-4819}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-69-1-13}, doi = {10.7326/0003-4819-69-1-13}, abstract = {SUMMARY: Biopsies of the posterior wall of the left atrium were obtained from 44 patients undergoing mitral surgery for mitral valvular disease, and the specimens were graded according to severity of morphologic change. In grade I the atrial myocardium is essentially normal; grade II patients show moderate to severe fibrosis and preservation of muscle mass and architecture; grade III patients show extensive fibrosis, a loss of muscle mass, and disruption of architecture. The pathological grading was compared with such clinical parameters as type of valvular lesion, rhythm before surgery, and degree of left atrial enlargement. Cardioversion was attempted after surgery whenever feasible. Nine patients were successfully cardioverted, and all had grade II changes. Three additional patients succeeded and then relapsed; one had grade II and two had grade III changes. In seven patients cardioversion failed, and six of these had grade III changes. The one exception was a patient in grade I who had a cardiomyopathy. We propose that fibrosis after rheumatic inflammatory insults leads to atrial fibrillation by disturbing impulse propagation in the atrium; prolonged atrial fibrillation leads to a disuse atrophy of muscle, and atrial fibrillation becomes irreversible. These pathologic changes may be used for predicting success or failure of cardioversion and probability of maintaining sinus rhythm.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine}, author = {Bailey, George W. H. and Braniff, Blaine A. and Hancock, E. William and Cohn, Keith E.}, month = jul, year = {1968}, pages = {13--20} } @article{gregoratos_acc/aha_1998, title = {{ACC}/{AHA} guidelines for implantation of cardiac pacemakers and antiarrhythmia devices: {Executive} summary}, volume = {97}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, shorttitle = {{ACC}/{AHA} {Guidelines} for {Implantation} of {Cardiac} {Pacemakers} and {Antiarrhythmia} {Devices}}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/97/13/1325}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.97.13.1325}, language = {en}, number = {13}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Gregoratos, Gabriel and Cheitlin, Melvin D. and Conill, Alicia and Epstein, Andrew E. and Fellows, Christopher and Ferguson, T. Bruce and Freedman, Roger A. and Hlatky, Mark A. and Naccarelli, Gerald V. and Saksena, Sanjeev and Schlant, Robert C. and Silka, Michael J.}, month = apr, year = {1998}, pmid = {9570207}, keywords = {AHA Medical/Scientific Statements, arrhythmia, pacemakers, pacing}, pages = {1325--1335}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S25JW2PP/Gregoratos et al. - 1998 - ACCAHA Guidelines for Implantation of Cardiac Pac.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KEVS2MZP/1325.html:text/html} } @article{pai_effect_2003, title = {Effect of atrial fibrillation on the dynamics of mitral annular area}, volume = {12}, issn = {0966-8519}, abstract = {BACKGROUND AND AIMS OF THE STUDY: The mitral annulus shows dynamic changes in shape and size during the cardiac cycle. A smaller size in end-diastole is attributed to the sphincteric action of atrial systole, and this may be important for functional integrity of the mitral valve. However, the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) on dynamic changes in mitral annular size in humans is not known. METHODS: Mitral annular diameters in apical four- and two-chamber views were measured using echocardiography in 25 patients in atrial fibrillation, and in 37 subjects in normal sinus rhythm at mid-diastole, end-diastole and end-systole. Mitral annular area was computed assuming elliptical geometry. RESULTS: Patients in sinus rhythm showed a significant increase in mitral annular area of 25.9 +/- 12.8\% with ventricular systole compared to its area in end-diastole (p {\textless} 0.0001), and a 10.5 +/- 8.4\% reduction with atrial systole compared to mid-diastole (p {\textless} 0.001). Patients in AF had larger mitral annuli which showed non-significant changes in size between these three phases of the cardiac cycle. Percent reduction in mitral annular area in the latter half of diastole correlated significantly with left atrial (LA) diameter (r = -0.54, p {\textless} 0.0001), LA volume (r = -0.50, p {\textless} 0.0001), left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening (r = 0.37, p = 0.0036), mitral annular area in mid-diastole (r = -0.41, p = 0.0011) and mitral annular area in end-diastole (r = -0.64, p {\textless} 0.0001). That is, atrial sphincteric action on the mitral annulus was less in the presence of larger left atrium or the mitral annulus. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed rhythm and mitral annular size to be independent predictors of dynamic changes in mitral annular area. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that AF blunts or eliminates the phasic changes in mitral annular size during the cardiac cycle with loss of its presystolic sphincteric action; this may have implications in the genesis and surgical correction of mitral regurgitation.}, language = {eng}, number = {1}, journal = {The Journal of Heart Valve Disease}, author = {Pai, Ramdas G. and Varadarajan, Padmini and Tanimoto, Masato}, month = jan, year = {2003}, pmid = {12578332}, keywords = {Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Diastole, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve, Myocardial Contraction, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Systole}, pages = {31--37} } @article{naylor_student_2009, title = {Do student perceptions of surgeons change during medical school? {A} longitudinal analysis during a 4-year curriculum}, volume = {210}, issn = {1879-1190 (Electronic) 1072-7515 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Surgeons}, author = {Naylor, R. A. and Reisch, J. S. and Valentine, R. J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Attitude of Health Personnel, *Faculty, Medical, *Life Style, *Physician's Role, *Social Perception, Adult, Chi-Square Distribution, Clinical Clerkship/statistics \& numerical data, Clinical Competence, Curriculum, Education, Medical, Undergraduate/*statistics \& numerical data, Female, General Surgery/*education, Humans, Job Satisfaction, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Parents, Questionnaires, Southwestern United States, Students, Medical/*statistics \& numerical data, United States, Young Adult}, pages = {527--32}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AT8NNRUT/Surgeon Perception.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dotter_transluminally-placed_1969, title = {Transluminally-placed coilspring endarterial tube grafts: {Long}-term patency in canine popliteal artery}, volume = {4}, issn = {0020-9996}, language = {eng}, number = {5}, journal = {Investigative Radiology}, author = {Dotter, C. T.}, month = oct, year = {1969}, pmid = {5346893}, keywords = {Animals, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Carotid Arteries, Dogs, Femoral Artery, Methods, Popliteal Artery, Time Factors}, pages = {329--332} } @article{holloway_death_2006, title = {Death the great leveller? {Towards} a transcultural spirituality of dying and bereavement}, volume = {15}, issn = {0962-1067 (Print) 0962-1067 (Linking)}, number = {7}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Nursing}, author = {Holloway, M.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Bereavement, *Cultural Diversity, *Spirituality, *Terminal Care/organization \& administration/psychology, *Transcultural Nursing/organization \& administration, Attitude to Death, Ceremonial Behavior, Existentialism, Funeral Rites/psychology, Holistic Health, Holistic Nursing, Humans, Models, Nursing, Models, Psychological, Morale, Nurse-Patient Relations, Nurse's Role/psychology, Philosophy, Nursing, Religion and Psychology}, pages = {833--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/E94D4HCT/SpiritualityBereavement.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{petros_pharmacogenomics_2004, title = {Pharmacogenomics in cancer therapy: {Is} host genome variability important?}, volume = {25}, issn = {0165-6147 (Print)}, number = {9}, journal = {Trends in Pharmacologial Sciences}, author = {Petros, W. P. and Evans, W. E.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {*Genetic Variation, *Pharmacogenetics, Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics/*metabolism, Polymorphism, Genetic}, pages = {457--64}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NZ7XN4Z6/Petros-2004-Pharmacogenomics in.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ling_new_2015, title = {A new antibiotic kills pathogens without detectable resistance}, volume = {advance online publication}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2015 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.}, issn = {0028-0836}, url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature14098.html}, doi = {10.1038/nature14098}, abstract = {Antibiotic resistance is spreading faster than the introduction of new compounds into clinical practice, causing a public health crisis. Most antibiotics were produced by screening soil microorganisms, but this limited resource of cultivable bacteria was overmined by the 1960s. Synthetic approaches to produce antibiotics have been unable to replace this platform. Uncultured bacteria make up approximately 99\% of all species in external environments, and are an untapped source of new antibiotics. We developed several methods to grow uncultured organisms by cultivation in situ or by using specific growth factors. Here we report a new antibiotic that we term teixobactin, discovered in a screen of uncultured bacteria. Teixobactin inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to a highly conserved motif of lipid II (precursor of peptidoglycan) and lipid III (precursor of cell wall teichoic acid). We did not obtain any mutants of Staphylococcus aureus or Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to teixobactin. The properties of this compound suggest a path towards developing antibiotics that are likely to avoid development of resistance.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {Nature}, author = {Ling, Losee L. and Schneider, Tanja and Peoples, Aaron J. and Spoering, Amy L. and Engels, Ina and Conlon, Brian P. and Mueller, Anna and Sch{\"a}berle, Till F. and Hughes, Dallas E. and Epstein, Slava and Jones, Michael and Lazarides, Linos and Steadman, Victoria A. and Cohen, Douglas R. and Felix, Cintia R. and Fetterman, K. Ashley and Millett, William P. and Nitti, Anthony G. and Zullo, Ashley M. and Chen, Chao and Lewis, Kim}, month = jan, year = {2015}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WA6UQK6D/Ling et al. - 2015 - A new antibiotic kills pathogens without detectabl.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JSW493HZ/Ling et al. - 2015 - A new antibiotic kills pathogens without detectabl.html:text/html} } @article{innocenti_irinogenetics_2006, title = {Irinogenetics: {What} is the right star?}, volume = {24}, issn = {1527-7755 (Electronic)}, number = {15}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author = {Innocenti, F. and Vokes, E. E. and Ratain, M. J.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Pharmacogenetics, Alleles, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*pharmacology, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy/genetics, DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/antagonists \& inhibitors/genetics, Drug Toxicity/genetics/metabolism, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics, Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic}, pages = {2221--4}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T77AGU4H/Innocenti-2006-Irinogenetics_ what.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{van_schaik_cyp450_2008, title = {{CYP}450 pharmacogenetics for personalizing cancer therapy}, volume = {11}, issn = {1532-2084 (Electronic)}, number = {3}, journal = {Drug Resistance Updates}, author = {van Schaik, R. H.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents/administration \& dosage/ pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/ genetics/ metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Humans, Neoplasms/ drug therapy, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic}, pages = {77--98}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S8VGRAQ8/van Schaik-2008-CYP450 pharmacogenet.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{amler_predicting_2005, title = {Predicting clinical benefit in non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with epidermal growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors}, volume = {70}, issn = {0091-7451 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16869787}, journal = {Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology}, author = {Amler, L. C. and Goddard, A. D. and Hillan, K. J.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*drug therapy/*enzymology/genetics, Gene Dosage, Genes, ras, Humans, inhibitors/genetics/metabolism, Lung Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*enzymology/genetics, Mutation, Prognosis, Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Quinazolines/therapeutic use, Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/*antagonists \&, Signal Transduction, Smoking/adverse effects/genetics}, pages = {483--8} } @incollection{pluim_image_2000, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Image registration by maximization of combined mutual information and gradient information}, volume = {1935}, isbn = {978-3-540-41189-5}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/abt2k124lu6u1763/abstract/}, abstract = {Despite generally good performance, mutual information has also been shown by several researchers to lack robustness for certain registration problems. A possible cause may be the absence of spatial information in the measure. The present paper proposes to include spatial information by combining mutual information with a term based on the image gradient of the images to be registered. The gradient term not only seeks to align locations of high gradient magnitude, but also aims for a similar orientation of the gradients at these locations. Results of combining both standard mutual information as well a normalized measure are presented for rigid registration of three-dimensional clinical images (MR, CT and PET). The results indicate that the combined measures yield a better registration function than mutual information or normalized mutual information per se. The accuracy of the combined measures is compared against a screw marker based gold standard, revealing a similar accuracy for the combined measures to that of the standard measures. Experiments into the robustness of the measures with respect to starting position imply a clear improvement in robustness for the measures including spatial information.}, urldate = {2012-09-18}, booktitle = {Medical {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention} {\textendash} {MICCAI} 2000}, publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg}, author = {Pluim, Josien and Maintz, J. and Viergever, Max}, editor = {Delp, Scott and DiGoia, Anthony and Jaramaz, Branislav}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Computer Science}, pages = {103--129}, file = {SpringerLink Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I8AVVWVZ/Pluim et al. - 2000 - Image Registration by Maximization of Combined Mut.pdf:application/pdf;SpringerLink Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F7J9F94Z/Pluim et al. - 2000 - Image Registration by Maximization of Combined Mut.html:text/html} } @article{sugeng_three-dimensional_2008, title = {Three-dimensional echocardiography: {Coming} of age}, volume = {94}, number = {9}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Sugeng, Lissa and Mor-Avi, Victor and Lang, Roberto M.}, year = {2008}, pages = {1123--1125}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D65PCIKM/Sugeng 3dEchoReview.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nash_challenges_2005, title = {Challenges facing validation of noninvasive electrical imaging of the heart}, volume = {10}, issn = {1542-474X}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1542-474X.2005.00608.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/j.1542-474X.2005.00608.x}, abstract = {Noninvasive imaging of regional cardiac electrophysiology remains an elusive target. Such imaging is still in its infancy, particularly in comparison to structural imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), x-ray computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound. We present an overview of noninvasive ECG imaging, and the challenges and successes of the various techniques across a range of applications. Unlike MRI and CT, reconstructing cardiac electrophysiology from remote body surface measurements is a highly ill-posed problem. We therefore first review the theoretical considerations and associated algorithms that are used to address this issue. We then focus on the important issue of validation, and review and contrast recent advances in this area. Efforts to validate ECG inverse procedures using a modeling-based approach are addressed first. We then discuss various experimental studies that have been conducted to provide appropriate data for robust validations. We present new data that are simultaneously recorded from dense arrays of electrodes on the epicardium and body surface of anesthetized pigs during sinus rhythm, ventricular pacing, and regional ischemia. These data have been obtained specifically to help validate inverse ECG procedures, and form a useful supplement to recent clinical validation studies. Finally, clinical applications and outstanding issues regarding noninvasive imaging of regional cardiac electrophysiology are addressed.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-27}, journal = {Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology}, author = {Nash, Martyn P. and Pullan, Andrew J.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {activation sequence, body surface potential mapping (BSPM), cardiac mapping, ECG inverse, epicardial potentials, experimental validation, QRST integral map}, pages = {73--82}, file = {j.1542-474X.2005.00608.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XZHCEP4I/j.1542-474X.2005.00608.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WAI5C2QQ/full.html:text/html} } @article{stevenson_ventricular_2009, title = {Ventricular scars and ventricular tachycardia}, volume = {120}, issn = {0065-7778}, abstract = {Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a life-threatening arrhythmia that is common to all forms of heart disease and an important cause of sudden death. Ventricular scars from infarction or replacement fibrosis provide a substrate for reentry that is a common cause. Understanding the pathophysiologic link between ventricular scars and ventricular tachycardia informs approaches to identify patients at risk, has led to development of methods to ablate the arrhythmia substrate that can be applied even in severe heart disease, and suggests future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.}, journal = {Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association}, author = {Stevenson, William G.}, year = {2009}, pmid = {19768192}, pmcid = {2744510}, pages = {403--412}, file = {tacca120000403.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/84SUT5E3/tacca120000403.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{christiansen_stress_2010, title = {Stress perfusion imaging using cardiovascular magnetic resonance: a review}, volume = {19}, issn = {1443-9506}, shorttitle = {Stress {Perfusion} {Imaging} {Using} {Cardiovascular} {Magnetic} {Resonance}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1443950610014654}, doi = {16/j.hlc.2010.08.008}, abstract = {{\textless}p{\textgreater}{\textless}br/{\textgreater}Stress perfusion CMR can provide both excellent diagnostic and important prognostic information in the context of a comprehensive assessment of cardiac anatomy and function. This coupled with the high spatial resolution, and the lack of both attenuation artefacts and ionising radiation, make CMR stress perfusion imaging a highly attractive stress imaging modality. It is now in routine use in many centres, and shows promise in evaluating patients with clinical problems beyond those of epicardial coronary disease.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}}, number = {12}, urldate = {2011-06-10}, journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation}, author = {Christiansen, Jonathan P. and Karamitsos, Theodoros D. and Myerson, Saul G. and Francis, Jane M. and Neubauer, Stefan}, month = dec, year = {2010}, keywords = {Magnetic resonance, Perfusion, Stress}, pages = {697--705}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7ZHQ3IR4/Christiansen et al. - 2010 - Stress Perfusion Imaging Using Cardiovascular Magn.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XS66D2BH/S1443950610014654.html:text/html} } @article{strassburg_pharmacogenetics_2008, title = {Pharmacogenetics of {Gilbert}'s syndrome}, volume = {9}, issn = {1744-8042 (Electronic)}, number = {6}, journal = {Pharmacogenomics}, author = {Strassburg, C. P.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Animals, Bilirubin/metabolism, Drug Toxicity/enzymology/ genetics, Genetic Variation, Gilbert Disease/enzymology/genetics/metabolism, Glucuronosyltransferase/ genetics, Humans, Neoplasms/drug therapy/enzymology/genetics, Pharmaceutical Preparations/adverse effects/metabolism, Pharmacogenetics}, pages = {703--15} } @inproceedings{niessen_generic_2001, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, title = {A generic framework for non-rigid registration based on non-uniform multi-level free-form deformations}, volume = {2208}, isbn = {978-3-540-42697-4}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/0q3bfeunq4avrwdf/}, urldate = {2011-06-13}, booktitle = {Medical {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Schnabel, Julia A. and Rueckert, Daniel and Quist, Marcel and Blackall, Jane M. and Castellano-Smith, Andy D. and Hartkens, Thomas and Penney, Graeme P. and Hall, Walter A. and Liu, Haiying and Truwit, Charles L. and Gerritsen, Frans A. and Hill, Derek L. G. and Hawkes, David J.}, editor = {Niessen, Wiro J. and Viergever, Max A.}, year = {2001}, pages = {573--581}, file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6UBCBTU5/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf;SpringerLink - Abstract:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TD85TRKH/0q3bfeunq4avrwdf.html:text/html} } @article{perazella_gadolinium-contrast_2008, title = {Gadolinium-contrast toxicity in patients with kidney disease: {Nephrotoxicity} and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis}, volume = {3}, issn = {15748863}, shorttitle = {Gadolinium-{Contrast} {Toxicity} in {Patients} with {Kidney} {Disease}}, url = {http://www.eurekaselect.com/66223/article}, doi = {10.2174/157488608783333989}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Current Drug Safety}, author = {Perazella, Mark}, month = jan, year = {2008}, pages = {67--75}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EGTTQK72/document.pdf:application/pdf;Gadolinium-Contrast Toxicity in Patients with Kidney Disease\: Nephrotoxicity and Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis | BenthamScience:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8B57JISB/article.html:text/html} } @article{cappato_updated_2010, title = {Updated worldwide survey on the methods, efficacy, and safety of catheter ablation for human atrial fibrillation: {Clinical} perspective}, volume = {3}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/3/1/32.abstract}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.109.859116}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} The purpose of this study was to provide an updated worldwide report on the methods, efficacy, and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods and Results{\textemdash} A questionnaire with 46 questions was sent to 521 centers from 24 countries in 4 continents. Complete interviews were collected from 182 centers, of which 85 reported to have performed 20 825 catheter ablation procedures on 16 309 patients with AF between 2003 and 2006. The median number of procedures per center was 245 (range, 2 to 2715). All centers included paroxysmal AF, 85.9\% also included persistent and 47.1\% also included long-lasting AF. Carto-guided left atrial circumferential ablation (48.2\% of patients) and Lasso-guided ostial electric disconnection (27.4\%) were the most commonly used techniques. Efficacy data were analyzed with centers representing the unit of analysis. Of 16 309 patients with full disclosure of outcome data, 10 488 (median, 70.0\%; interquartile range, 57.7\% to 75.4\%) became asymptomatic without antiarrhythmic drugs and another 2047 (10.0\%; 0.5\% to 17.1\%) became asymptomatic in the presence of previously ineffective antiarrhythmic drugs over 18 (range, 3 to 24) months of follow-up. Success rates free of antiarrhythmic drugs and overall success rates were significantly larger in 9590 patients with paroxysmal AF (74.9\% and 83.2\%) than in 2800 patients with persistent AF (64.8\% and 75.0\%) and 1108 patients with long-lasting AF (63.1\% and 72.3\%) (P{\textless}0.0001). Major complications were reported in 741 patients (4.5\%).Conclusions{\textemdash} When analyzed in a large number of electrophysiology laboratories worldwide, catheter ablation of AF shows to be effective in ?80\% of patients after 1.3 procedures per patient, with ?70\% of them not requiring further antiarrhythmic drugs during intermediate follow-up.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Cappato, Riccardo and Calkins, Hugh and Chen, Shih-Ann and Davies, Wyn and Iesaka, Yoshito and Kalman, Jonathan and Kim, You-Ho and Klein, George and Natale, Andrea and Packer, Douglas and Skanes, Allan and Ambrogi, Federico and Biganzoli, Elia}, month = feb, year = {2010}, pages = {32--38}, file = {32.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IQDHFQE3/32.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F7MGHG79/32.html:text/html} } @article{wang_c-reactive_2003, title = {C-reactive protein upregulates angiotensin type 1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle}, volume = {107}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {13}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Wang, C. H. and Li, S. H. and Weisel, R. D. and Fedak, P. W. and Dumont, A. S. and Szmitko, P. and Li, R. K. and Mickle, D. A. and Verma, S.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {*Up-Regulation, Angioplasty, Balloon/adverse effects, Animals, Carotid Stenosis/etiology/pathology, Cell Division/drug effects, Cell Movement/drug effects, Cells, Cultured, C-Reactive Protein/*pharmacology, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Kinetics, Male, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism/physiology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Reactive Oxygen Species/analysis, Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1, Receptors, Angiotensin/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism, RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis}, pages = {1783--90}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M338T26Q/Wang-2003-C-reactive protein u.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{thase_treatment_2000, title = {Treatment issues related to sleep and depression}, volume = {61 Suppl 11}, issn = {0160-6689 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10926055}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Thase, M. E.}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Comorbidity, Depressive Disorder/*drug therapy/epidemiology, Humans, Mianserin/adverse effects/analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Polysomnography/drug effects, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Sleep Disorders/chemically induced/drug therapy/*epidemiology, Sleep/*drug effects, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/chemically induced/drug, Sleep, REM/drug effects, therapy/epidemiology}, pages = {46--50} } @article{cummings_glucuronidation_2003, title = {Glucuronidation as a mechanism of intrinsic drug resistance in human colon cancer: reversal of resistance by food additives}, volume = {63}, issn = {0008-5472 (Print)}, number = {23}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Cummings, J. and Ethell, B. T. and Jardine, L. and Boyd, G. and Macpherson, J. S. and Burchell, B. and Smyth, J. F. and Jodrell, D. I.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Anthraquinones/*metabolism, Biopsy, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/*metabolism, Catalysis, Cell Line, Tumor, Colonic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/enzymology/*metabolism, DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/antagonists \& inhibitors, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects, Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism, Food Additives/*pharmacology, Glucuronides/*metabolism, Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism, Humans, Isoenzymes/metabolism, Propofol/metabolism/pharmacology, Tyrosine/*analogs \& derivatives/*metabolism}, pages = {8443--50}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q32J2T97/Cummings-2003-Glucuronidation as a.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{yuen_robotic_2009-1, address = {London, UK}, title = {Robotic force stabilization for beating heart intracardiac surgery}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20425967}, abstract = {The manipulation of fast moving, delicate tissues in beating heart procedures presents a considerable challenge to surgeons. We present a new robotic force stabilization system that assists surgeons by maintaining a constant contact force with the beating heart. The system incorporates a novel, miniature uniaxial force sensor that is mounted to surgical instrumentation to measure contact forces during surgical manipulation. Using this sensor in conjunction with real-time tissue motion information derived from 3D ultrasound, we show that a force controller with feed-forward motion terms can provide safe and accurate force stabilization in an in vivo contact task against the beating mitral valve annulus. This confers a 50\% reduction in force fluctuations when compared to a standard force controller and a 75\% reduction in fluctuations when compared to manual attempts to maintain the same force.}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, booktitle = {Medical {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Yuen, Shelten G. and Yip, Michael C. and Vasilyev, Nikolay V. and Perrin, Douglas P. and del Nido, Pedro J. and Howe, Robert D.}, year = {2009}, pmid = {20425967}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures, Echocardiography, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Humans, Man-Machine Systems, Robotics, Stress, Mechanical, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Transducers}, pages = {26--33}, file = {yuen_MICCAI_2009.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RAQC7J2Z/yuen_MICCAI_2009.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{cushman_c-reactive_2005, title = {C-reactive protein and the 10-year incidence of coronary heart disease in older men and women: the cardiovascular health study}, volume = {112}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Cushman, M. and Arnold, A. M. and Psaty, B. M. and Manolio, T. A. and Kuller, L. H. and Burke, G. L. and Polak, J. F. and Tracy, R. P.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Age Factors, Biological Markers/blood, Coronary Disease/*diagnosis/*epidemiology, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Female, Humans, Incidence, Inflammation, Male, Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis/epidemiology, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors}, pages = {25--31}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9UV3SJ7X/Cushman-2005-C-reactive protein a.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{spiegel_first_1995, title = {The first clinical {X}-ray made in {America} -- 100 years.}, volume = {164}, issn = {0361-803X}, url = {http://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/ajr.164.1.7998549}, doi = {10.2214/ajr.164.1.7998549}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-12}, journal = {American Journal of Roentgenology}, author = {Spiegel, P. K.}, month = jan, year = {1995}, pages = {241--243}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M2R66N6R/Spiegel - 1995 - The first clinical X-ray made in America--100 year.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C7PNNP5I/ajr.164.1.html:text/html} } @article{wink_3d_2002, title = {3D {MRA} coronary axis determination using a minimum cost path approach}, volume = {47}, issn = {0740-3194 (Print)}, number = {6}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Wink, O. and Frangi, A. F. and Verdonck, B. and Viergever, M. A. and Niessen, W. J.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Coronary Stenosis/ diagnosis, Coronary Vessels/anatomy \& histology, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/ methods, Magnetic Resonance Angiography/ methods}, pages = {1169--75}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JB8EFVUC/Wink 3dMRA.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{michelena_intraoperative_2010, title = {Intraoperative echocardiography in valvular heart disease: {An} evidence-based appraisal}, volume = {85}, issn = {1942-5546 (Electronic) 0025-6196 (Linking)}, number = {7}, journal = {Mayo Clinic Proceedings}, author = {Michelena, H. I. and Abel, M. D. and Suri, R. M. and Freeman, W. K. and Click, R. L. and Sundt, T. M. and Schaff, H. V. and Enriquez-Sarano, M.}, year = {2010}, keywords = {*Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods/standards, *Evidence-Based Practice/methods, *Monitoring, Intraoperative/methods/standards, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Heart Valve Diseases/surgery/*ultrasonography, Humans, Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology/etiology/prevention \& control, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Patient Selection, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Stroke/epidemiology/etiology/prevention \& control}, pages = {646--655}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7SA4798V/iotee-valve-review.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{breiman_random_2001, title = {Random forests}, volume = {45}, issn = {0885-6125, 1573-0565}, doi = {10.1023/A:1010933404324}, abstract = {Random forests are a combination of tree predictors such that each tree depends on the values of a random vector sampled independently and with the same distribution for all trees in the forest. The generalization error for forests converges a.s. to a limit as the number of trees in the forest becomes large. The generalization error of a forest of tree classifiers depends on the strength of the individual trees in the forest and the correlation between them. Using a random selection of features to split each node yields error rates that compare favorably to Adaboost (Y. Freund \& R. Schapire, Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International conference, ***, 148{\textendash}156), but are more robust with respect to noise. Internal estimates monitor error, strength, and correlation and these are used to show the response to increasing the number of features used in the splitting. Internal estimates are also used to measure variable importance. These ideas are also applicable to regression.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Machine Learning}, author = {Breiman, Leo}, month = oct, year = {2001}, keywords = {Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Automation and Robotics, classification, Computing Methodologies, ensemble, Language Translation and Linguistics, regression, Simulation and Modeling}, pages = {5--32}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X878K9AQ/Breiman - 2001 - Random Forests.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QIQJB6VX/A1010933404324.html:text/html} } @article{montecucco_statins_2009, title = {Statins inhibit {C}-reactive protein-induced chemokine secretion, {ICAM}-1 upregulation and chemotaxis in adherent human monocytes}, volume = {48}, issn = {1462-0332 (Electronic)}, number = {3}, journal = {Rheumatology (Oxford)}, author = {Montecucco, F. and Burger, F. and Pelli, G. and Poku, N. K. and Berlier, C. and Steffens, S. and Mach, F.}, year = {2009}, pages = {233--42}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X5C4IC85/Montecucco-2009-Statins inhibit C-re.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kaneda_metabolism_1990, title = {Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of the camptothecin analogue {CPT}-11 in the mouse}, volume = {50}, issn = {0008-5472 (Print)}, number = {6}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Kaneda, N. and Nagata, H. and Furuta, T. and Yokokura, T.}, year = {1990}, keywords = {Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*metabolism, Biotransformation, Camptothecin/*analogs \&, Cell Division/drug effects, derivatives/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Kinetics, Leukemia L1210/*drug therapy/pathology, Mice, Mice, Inbred Strains, Tissue Distribution, Tumor Cells, Cultured/cytology/drug effects}, pages = {1715--20}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4AGBNHIM/Kaneda-1990-Metabolism and pharm.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kellman_high_2009, title = {High spatial and temporal resolution cardiac cine {MRI} from retrospective reconstruction of data acquired in real time using motion correction and resorting}, volume = {62}, issn = {1522-2594 (Electronic) 0740-3194 (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Kellman, P. and Chefd'hotel, C. and Lorenz, C. H. and Mancini, C. and Arai, A. E. and McVeigh, E. R.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Artifacts, Algorithms, Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques/*methods, Computer Systems, Coronary Artery Disease/*diagnosis, Humans, Image Enhancement/*methods, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/*methods, Motion, Myocardial Infarction/*diagnosis, Reproducibility of Results, Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques/*methods, Sensitivity and Specificity}, pages = {1557--64}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4BEQSXXG/retro-cmr-recon.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dickfeld_anatomic_2003, title = {Anatomic stereotactic catheter ablation on three-dimensional magnetic resonance images in real time}, volume = {108}, issn = {1524-4539}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000093191.05433.B0}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Targets for radiofrequency (RF) ablation of atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and nonidiopathic ventricular tachycardia are increasingly being selected on the basis of anatomic considerations. Because fluoroscopy provides only limited information about the relationship between catheter positions and cardiac structures and is associated with radiation risk, other approaches to mapping may be beneficial. METHODS AND RESULTS An electromagnetic catheter positioning system was superimposed on 3D MR images using fiducial markers. This allowed the dynamic display of the catheter position on the true anatomy of previously acquired MR images in real time. In vitro accuracy and precision during catheter navigation were assessed in a phantom model and were 1.11+/-0.06 and 0.30+/-0.07 mm (mean+/-SEM), respectively. Left and right heart catheterization was performed in 7 swine without the use of fluoroscopy, yielding an in vivo accuracy and precision of 2.74+/-0.52 and 1.97+/-0.44 mm, respectively. To assess the reproducibility of RF ablation, RF lesions were created repeatedly at the identical anatomic site in the right atrium (n=8 swine). Average distance of the repeated right atrial ablations was 3.92+/-0.5 mm. Straight 3-point lines were created in the right and left ventricles to determine the ability to facilitate complex ablation procedures (n=6 swine). The ventricular lesions deviated 1.70+/-0.24 mm from a straight line, and the point distance differed by 2.25+/-0.63 mm from the pathological specimen. CONCLUSIONS Real-time display of the catheter position on 3D MRI allows accurate and precise RF ablation guided by the true anatomy. This may facilitate anatomically based ablation procedures in, for instance, atrial fibrillation or nonidiopathic ventricular tachycardia and decrease radiation times.}, number = {19}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Dickfeld, Timm and Calkins, Hugh and Zviman, Muz and Kato, Ritsushi and Meininger, Glenn and Lickfett, Lars and Berger, Ron and Halperin, Henry and Solomon, Stephen B.}, month = nov, year = {2003}, pmid = {14568905}, keywords = {Animals, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Cardiac Catheterization, Catheter Ablation, Computer Systems, Electromagnetic Phenomena, Heart Atria, Heart Ventricles, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Phantoms, Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Stereotaxic Techniques, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Swine}, pages = {2407--2413}, file = {Circulation-2003-Dickfeld-2407-13.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3VGPPTP4/Circulation-2003-Dickfeld-2407-13.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{jais_focal_1997, title = {A focal source of atrial fibrillation treated by discrete radiofrequency ablation}, volume = {95}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/95/3/572}, abstract = {Background Atrial fibrillation is usually thought to be due to multiple circulating reentrant wavelets. From previous studies, a focal mechanism is considered to be very unlikely. In this report, focal atrial fibrillation is defined on an ECG pattern of atrial fibrillation and later demonstrated to be due to a focal source. Methods and Results Nine patients (five men and four women; age, 38\{+/-\}7 years) with paroxysmal focal atrial fibrillation are reported here. All were free of structural heart disease and had frequent episodes of atrial fibrillation despite the use of a mean of 4\{+/-\}2 antiarrhythmic drugs. Atrial fibrillation was associated with runs of irregular atrial tachycardia or monomorphic extrasystoles. The electrophysiological study demonstrated that all the atrial arrhythmias were due to the same focus firing irregularly and exhibiting a consistent and centrifugal pattern of activation. Three foci were found to be located in the right atrium, two near the sinus node and one in the ostium of the coronary sinus. Six others were located in the left atrium at the ostium of the right pulmonary veins (n=5) and at the ostium of the left superior pulmonary vein (n=1). All atrial arrhythmias were successfully treated by use of a mean of 4\{+/-\}4 radiofrequency pulses. Conclusions In some patients, the surface ECG pattern of atrial fibrillation is due to a focal rapidly firing source of activity that can be eliminated by discrete radiofrequency energy applications.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Jais, Pierre and Haissaguerre, Michel and Shah, Dipen C. and Chouairi, Salah and Gencel, Laurent and Hocini, Meleze and Clementy, Jacques}, month = feb, year = {1997}, pages = {572--576}, file = {A Focal Source of Atrial Fibrillation Treated by Discrete Radiofrequency Ablation -- Jais et al. 95 (3)\: 572 -- Circulation:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/38UHC6VB/572.html:text/html} } @article{rudy_noninvasive_2013, title = {Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging of arrhythmogenic substrates in humans}, volume = {112}, issn = {0009-7330, 1524-4571}, url = {http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/112/5/863}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.279315}, abstract = {Cardiac excitation is determined by interactions between the source of electric activation (membrane depolarization) and the load that cardiac tissue presents. This relationship is altered in pathology by remodeling processes that often create a substrate favoring the development of cardiac arrhythmias. Most studies of arrhythmia mechanisms and arrhythmogenic substrates have been conducted in animal models, which may differ in important ways from the human pathologies they are designed to represent. Electrocardiographic imaging is a noninvasive method for mapping the electric activity of the heart in humans in real-world conditions. This review summarizes results from electrocardiographic imaging studies of arrhythmogenic substrates associated with human clinical arrhythmias. Examples include heart failure, myocardial infarction scar, atrial fibrillation, and abnormal ventricular repolarization.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {Circulation Research}, author = {Rudy, Yoram}, month = mar, year = {2013}, pmid = {23449548}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, cardiac arrhythmia, electrophysiology, heart failure, Myocardial Infarction}, pages = {863--874}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZJ994RHJ/Rudy - 2013 - Noninvasive Electrocardiographic Imaging of Arrhyt.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HXS8FCWJ/863.html:text/html} } @article{zoll_resuscitation_1952, title = {Resuscitation of the heart in ventricular standstill by external electric stimulation}, volume = {247}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM195211132472005}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM195211132472005}, abstract = {THE purpose of this report is to describe the successful use in 2 patients of a quick, simple, effective and safe method of arousing the heart from ventricular standstill by an artificial, external, electric pacemaker. For the first time it was possible to keep a patient alive during ventricular asystole lasting for hours to days. This procedure may prove valuable in many clinical situations. Cardiac standstill is a serious, usually terminal, event that rarely responds to currently employed therapeutic measures. In patients with complete heart block it may be transient, causing the Stokes-Adams syndrome. Occasionally, cardiac standstill occurs in the . . .}, number = {20}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Zoll, Paul M.}, month = nov, year = {1952}, pmid = {13002611}, pages = {768--771}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/35ZDEZDN/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DKWE5QJE/NEJM195211132472005.html:text/html} } @book{robertson_cybernetics_1968, address = {Baltimore, MD and Manchester, UK}, title = {Cybernetics: {Key} {Papers}}, shorttitle = {Cybernetics}, language = {en}, publisher = {University Park Press}, editor = {Robertson, A. D. J. and Evans, C. R.}, year = {1968} } @article{nazarian_applications_2009, title = {Applications of cardiac magnetic resonance in electrophysiology}, volume = {2}, issn = {1941-3084 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Nazarian, S. and Bluemke, D. A. and Halperin, H. R.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac, *Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Arrhythmias, Cardiac/*diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology/surgery, Catheter Ablation, Heart Conduction System/*physiopathology, Humans, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Assessment}, pages = {63--71}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EV7M2M3M/emr-electrophys.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{rajpoot_feature_2008, address = {Dundee, Scotland, UK}, title = {Feature detection from echocardiography images using local phase information}, shorttitle = {{MIUA}'08}, url = {http://eprints.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/466/}, urldate = {2014-11-11}, booktitle = {12th {Medical} {Image} {Understanding} and {Analysis}}, author = {Rajpoot, Kashif and Noble, Alison and Grau, Vicente and Rajpoot, Nasir Mahmood}, year = {2008}, file = {[PDF] from warwick.ac.uk:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RNQK7XAS/Rajpoot et al. - 2008 - Feature detection from echocardiography images usi.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8JE7AS6V/466.html:text/html} } @article{kannel_prognostic_1986, title = {A prognostic comparison of asymptomatic left ventricular hypertrophy and unrecognized myocardial infarction: {The} {Framingham} {Study}}, volume = {111}, issn = {0002-8703 (Print)}, number = {2}, journal = {American Heart Journal}, author = {Kannel, W. B. and Abbott, R. D.}, year = {1986}, keywords = {*Electrocardiography, Adult, Aged, Cardiomegaly/*epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology/mortality, Cerebrovascular Disorders/epidemiology, Coronary Disease/epidemiology/mortality, Death, Sudden/epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Failure/epidemiology, Humans, Hypertension/complications, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/*epidemiology, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk}, pages = {391--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MHIDAQFR/Kannel1.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{beigel_evolution_2014, title = {The evolution of percutaneous mitral~valve~repair therapy: {Lessons} learned and implications for patient selection}, volume = {64}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {The {Evolution} of {Percutaneous} {Mitral}~{Valve}~{Repair} {Therapy}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109714065796}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2014.08.049}, abstract = {Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valve disease in the United States. However, a significant number of patients are denied surgery due to increased age, poor ventricular function, or associated comorbidities, putting them at~high risk for adverse events. Moreover, the benefit of surgery for MR is unclear in patients with functional (secondary) MR. Recently, percutaneous repair of the mitral valve with a particular device (MitraClip, Abbott, Menlo Park, California) has emerged as~a novel therapeutic option for patients with secondary MR or those deemed to be high risk for surgery. We review data from its initial concept through clinical trials and current data available from several registries. We focused on lessons learned regarding adequate patient selection, along with current and future perspectives on the use of device therapy for the treatment of MR.}, number = {24}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Beigel, Roy and Wunderlich, Nina C. and Kar, Saibal and Siegel, Robert J.}, month = dec, year = {2014}, keywords = {Mitral Valve, mitral valve annuloplasty, mitral valve insufficiency, outcomes assessment, patient selection}, pages = {2688--2700}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/A43VZRQM/Beigel et al. - 2014 - The Evolution of Percutaneous Mitral~Valve~Repair .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CX94BZ7K/S0735109714065796.html:text/html} } @article{fields_burden_2004, title = {The burden of adult hypertension in the {United} {States} 1999 to 2000: a rising tide}, volume = {44}, issn = {1524-4563 (Electronic)}, number = {4}, journal = {Hypertension}, author = {Fields, L. E. and Burt, V. L. and Cutler, J. A. and Hughes, J. and Roccella, E. J. and Sorlie, P.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {*Cost of Illness, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Hypertension/*epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, United States/epidemiology}, pages = {398--404}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DGB2FUQU/Fields-2004-The burden of adult.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gooding_volume_2008, title = {Volume segmentation and reconstruction from freehand three-dimensional ultrasound data with application to ovarian follicle measurement}, volume = {34}, issn = {0301-5629}, number = {2}, journal = {Ultrasound in Medicine \& Biology}, author = {Gooding, Mark J. and Kennedy, Stephen and Noble, J. Alison}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Freehand, Ovarian follicle, Three-dimensional, Volume reconstruction}, pages = {183--195}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8EDS6JJR/Gooding FreehandOvarianUS.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wells_iii_multi-modal_1996, title = {Multi-modal volume registration by maximization of mutual information}, volume = {1}, issn = {1361-8415}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841501800049}, doi = {10.1016/S1361-8415(01)80004-9}, abstract = {A new information-theoretic approach is presented for finding the registration of volumetric medical images of differing modalities. Registration is achieved by adjustment of the relative position and orientation until the mutual information between the images is maximized. In our derivation of the registration procedure, few assumptions are made about the nature of the imaging process. As a result the algorithms are quite general and can foreseeably be used with a wide variety of imaging devices. This approach works directly with image data; no pre-processing or segmentation is required. This technique is, however, more flexible and robust than other intensity-based techniques like correlation. Additionally, it has an efficient implementation that is based on stochastic approximation. Experiments are presented that demonstrate the approach registering magnetic resonance (MR) images with computed tomography (CT) images, and with positron-emission tomography (PET) images. Surgical applications of the registration method are described.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2012-09-18}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Wells III, William M. and Viola, Paul and Atsumi, Hideki and Nakajima, Shin and Kikinis, Ron}, month = mar, year = {1996}, keywords = {information theory, multi-modality volume registration, mutual information}, pages = {35--51}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VRF62W4F/Wells III et al. - 1996 - Multi-modal volume registration by maximization of.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QDUXAQK5/Wells III et al. - 1996 - Multi-modal volume registration by maximization of.html:text/html} } @book{von_goethe_wilhelm_1829, title = {Wilhelm {Meisters} {Wanderjahre} oder die {Entsagenden}}, shorttitle = {Werke}, language = {de}, publisher = {Cotta}, author = {von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang}, year = {1829} } @article{young_initial_1982, title = {Initial clinical evaluation of a whole body nuclear magnetic resonance ({NMR}) tomograph}, volume = {6}, issn = {0363-8715}, abstract = {A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging system is described, and preliminary results from its clinical use are presented. The properties and detection of the magnetisation due to hydrogen protons are outlined, and a rotating frame is introduced to describe the motion of the magnetisation. Radiofrequency (RF) pulses are used to rotate the magnetisation, and slice selection is achieved using a 90 degree RF pulse and a magnetic field gradient. Data acquisition and image reconstruction are explained. Three scanning sequences are described: repeated free induction decay (FID), inversion - recovery, and spin-echo. These sequences produce images whose pixel values have different dependencies on hydrogen proton density, T1 and T2. Inversion-recovery images show striking differentiation between grey and white matter in the brain. The absence of bone artifact is a significant advantage over X-ray computed tomography in the posterior fossa, where rapid repeated FID sequences can also be used to demonstrate flow effects. The considerable soft tissue contrast available with NMR is of value in demonstrating disease within the liver where T1 appears to be sensitive but relatively nonspecific diagnostic parameter. High resolution scans are of value in demonstrating the adrenal gland and spinal cord.}, language = {eng}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography}, author = {Young, I. R. and Bailes, D. R. and Burl, M. and Collins, A. G. and Smith, D. T. and McDonnell, M. J. and Orr, J. S. and Banks, L. M. and Bydder, G. M. and Greenspan, R. H. and Steiner, R. E.}, month = feb, year = {1982}, pmid = {7068989}, keywords = {brain, Heart, Humans, Kidney, Liver, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Pancreas, Tomography, Tomography, X-Ray Computed}, pages = {1--18} } @article{king_respiratory_2010, title = {Respiratory motion correction for image-guided cardiac interventions using 3-{D} echocardiography}, volume = {14}, issn = {1361-8423 (Electronic) 1361-8415 (Linking)}, number = {1}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {King, A. P. and Jansen, C. and Rhode, K. S. and Caulfield, D. and Razavi, R. S. and Penney, G. P.}, year = {2010}, keywords = {Cardiac Surgical Procedures/*methods, Computer Simulation, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation/*methods, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/*methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods, Models, Cardiovascular, Phantoms, Imaging, Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques/*methods, Surgery, Computer-Assisted/*methods, Ultrasonography, Interventional/*methods}, pages = {21--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JQAI3HMR/respmotion-3dus.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zhu_coupled_2010, title = {A coupled deformable model for tracking myocardial borders from real-time echocardiography using an incompressibility constraint}, volume = {14}, issn = {1361-8415}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841510000204}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2010.02.005}, abstract = {Real-time three-dimensional (RT3D) echocardiography is a new image acquisition technique that allows instantaneous acquisition of volumetric images for quantitative assessment of cardiac morphology and function. To quantify many important diagnostic parameters, such as ventricular volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac output, an automatic algorithm to delineate the left ventricle (LV) from RT3D echocardiographic images is essential. While a number of efforts have been made towards segmentation of the LV endocardial (ENDO) boundaries, the segmentation of epicardial (EPI) boundaries remains problematic. In this paper, we present a coupled deformable model that addresses this problem. The idea behind our method is that the volume of the myocardium is close to being constant during a cardiac cycle and our model uses this coupling as an important constraint. We employ two surfaces, each driven by the image-derived information that takes into account ultrasound physics by modeling the speckle statistics using the Nakagami distribution while maintaining the coupling. By simultaneously evolving two surfaces, the final segmentation of the myocardium is thus achieved. Results from 80 sets of synthetic data and 286 sets of real canine data were evaluated against the ground truth and against outlines from three independent observers, respectively. We show that results obtained with our incompressibility constraint were more accurate than those obtained without constraint or with a wall thickness constraint, and were comparable to those from manual segmentation.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2011-11-20}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Zhu, Yun and Papademetris, Xenophon and Sinusas, Albert J. and Duncan, James S.}, month = jun, year = {2010}, keywords = {Cardiac segmentation, Incompressibility constraint, Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography, Speckle statistics}, pages = {429--448}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/APR42ZD9/Zhu et al. - 2010 - A coupled deformable model for tracking myocardial.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2KBDUAQ4/S1361841510000204.html:text/html} } @article{burke_pathophysiology_2007, series = {Acute {Myocardial} {Infarction}}, title = {Pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction}, volume = {91}, issn = {0025-7125}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025712507000387}, doi = {10.1016/j.mcna.2007.03.005}, abstract = {More than 80\% of acute myocardial infarcts are the result of coronary atherosclerosis with superimposed luminal thrombus. Uncommon causes of myocardial infarction include coronary spasm, coronary embolism, and thrombosis in nonatherosclerotic normal vessels. Additionally, concentric subendocardial necrosis may result from global ischemia and reperfusion in cases of prolonged cardiac arrest with resuscitation. Myocardial ischemia shares features with other types of myocyte necrosis, such as that caused by inflammation, but specific changes result from myocyte hypoxia that vary based on length of occlusion of the vessel, duration between occlusion and reperfusion, and presence of collateral circulation.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-12}, journal = {Medical Clinics of North America}, author = {Burke, Allen P. and Virmani, Renu}, month = jul, year = {2007}, pages = {553--572}, file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HFBEAPTP/S0025712507000387.html:text/html} } @article{klein_role_2001, title = {Role of transesophageal echocardiography-guided cardioversion of patients with atrial fibrillation}, volume = {37}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(00)01178-5}, doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(00)01178-5}, abstract = {Electrical cardioversion of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequently performed to relieve symptoms and improve cardiac performance. Patients undergoing cardioversion are treated conventionally with therapeutic anticoagulation for three weeks before and four weeks after cardioversion to decrease the risk of thromboembolism. A transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)-guided strategy has been proposed as an alternative that may lower stroke and bleeding events. Patients without atrial cavity thrombus or atrial appendage thrombus by TEE are cardioverted on achievement of therapeutic anticoagulation, whereas cardioversion is delayed in higher risk patients with thrombus. The aim of this review is to discuss the issues and controversies associated with the management of patients with AF undergoing cardioversion. We provide an overview of the TEE-guided and conventional anticoagulation strategies in light of the recently completed Assessment of Cardioversion Using Transesophageal Echocardiography (ACUTE) clinical trial. The two management strategies comparably lower the patient{\textquoteright}s embolic risk when the guidelines are properly followed. The TEE-guided strategy with shorter term anticoagulation may lower the incidence of bleeding complications and safely expedite early cardioversion. The inherent advantages and disadvantages of both strategies are presented. The TEE-guided approach with short-term anticoagulation is considered to be a safe and clinically effective alternative to the conventional approach, and it is advocated in patients in whom earlier cardioversion would be clinically beneficial.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Klein, Allan L. and Murray, R.Daniel and Grimm, Richard A.}, month = mar, year = {2001}, keywords = {Anticoagulation, Atrial Fibrillation, Echocardiography, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, electric countershock, ischemic stroke, thrombus}, pages = {691--704}, file = {11785.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3N6MZ3M3/11785.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{haissaguerre_spontaneous_1998, title = {Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins}, volume = {339}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199809033391003}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM199809033391003}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation is the most common of all sustained cardiac arrhythmias, with the prevalence increasing with age to up to 5 percent in persons more than 65 years of age, and it is a major cause of stroke.1{\textendash}3 Experimental studies and human surgical mapping studies have shown that atrial fibrillation is perpetuated by reentrant wavelets propagating in an abnormal atrial-tissue substrate.4{\textendash}8 Complex approaches have been developed to interrupt wavelets, including extensive surgical or, recently, catheter-mediated atriotomy.9{\textendash}21 There are, however, no data about the spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation. The triggers of atrial fibrillation may be focal targets . . .}, number = {10}, urldate = {2014-12-11}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Ha{\"i}ssaguerre, Michel and Ja{\"i}s, Pierre and Shah, Dipen C. and Takahashi, Atsushi and Hocini, M{\'e}l{\`e}ze and Quiniou, Gilles and Garrigue, St{\'e}phane and Le Mouroux, Alain and Le M{\'e}tayer, Philippe and Cl{\'e}menty, Jacques}, month = sep, year = {1998}, pmid = {9725923}, pages = {659--666}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PMIB78H7/Ha{\"i}ssaguerre et al. - 1998 - Spontaneous Initiation of Atrial Fibrillation by E.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KI4RN32X/NEJM199809033391003.html:text/html} } @article{strickberger_mapping_2000, title = {Mapping and ablation of ventricular tachycardia guided by virtual electrograms using a noncontact, computerized mapping system}, volume = {35}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00578-1}, doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00578-1}, abstract = {OBJECTIVESThe purpose of this study was to describe a computerized mapping system that utilizes a noncontact, 64 electrode balloon catheter to compute virtual electrograms simultaneously at 3,360 left ventricular (LV) sites and to assess the clinical utility of this system for mapping and ablating ventricular tachycardia (VT).BACKGROUNDMapping VT in the electrophysiology laboratory conventionally is achieved by sequentially positioning an electrode catheter at multiple endocardial sites.METHODSFifteen patients with VT underwent 18 electrophysiology procedures using the noncontact, computerized mapping system. A 9F 64 electrode balloon catheter and a conventional 7F electrode catheter for mapping and ablation were positioned in the LV using a retrograde aortic approach. Using a boundary element inverse solution, 3,360 virtual endocardial electrograms were computed and used to derive isopotential maps. An incorporated locator system was used in conjunction with or instead of fluoroscopy to position the conventional electrode catheter.RESULTSA total of 21 VTs, 12 of which were hemodynamically-tolerated and 9 of which were not, were mapped. Isolated diastolic potentials, presystolic areas, zones of slow conduction and exit sites during VT were identified using virtual electrograms and isopotential maps. Among 19 targeted VTs, radiofrequency ablation guided by the computerized mapping system and the locator signal was successful in 15.CONCLUSIONSThe computerized mapping system described in this study computes accurate isopotential maps that are a useful guide for ablation of hemodynamically stable or unstable VT.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2013-04-25}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Strickberger, S. Adam and Knight, Bradley P. and Michaud, Gregory F. and Pelosi, Frank and Morady, Fred}, month = feb, year = {2000}, keywords = {ablation, balloon dilatation catheter, catheter device, Endocardium, procedure (set of actions), Tachycardia, Ventricular}, pages = {414--421}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UKF8R6FA/Strickberger et al. - 2000 - Mapping and ablation of ventricular tachycardia gu.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{brenner_drink_2008, title = {"{To} drink or not to drink": {Is} this really the question?}, volume = {99}, issn = {0340-6245 (Print)}, number = {6}, journal = {Thrombosis and Haemostasis}, author = {Brenner, B. and Jacob, G.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Aircraft, *Blood Coagulation, *Drinking, *Travel, *Water-Electrolyte Balance, Activities of Daily Living, Dehydration/blood/*complications/etiology/physiopathology, Humans, Immobilization/adverse effects, Risk Factors, Venous Thrombosis/*blood/etiology/physiopathology}, pages = {985--6}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VSB6INMP/schattauer_15_2008_6_985.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gross_strong_2008, title = {Strong association of a common dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene polymorphism with fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity in cancer patients}, volume = {3}, issn = {1932-6203 (Electronic)}, number = {12}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, author = {Gross, E. and Busse, B. and Riemenschneider, M. and Neubauer, S. and Seck, K. and Klein, H. G. and Kiechle, M. and Lordick, F. and Meindl, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/physiology, Aged, Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/administration \& dosage/adverse, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/*adverse, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP)/*genetics, Drug Toxicity/*genetics, effects/pharmacology, effects/therapeutic use, Female, Fluorouracil/administration \& dosage/*adverse effects/pharmacology, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Linkage (Genetics), Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics}, pages = {e4003}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XBEA6SCT/Gross-2008-Strong association o.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{mckinney_data_2010, title = {Data structures for statistical computing in {Python}}, url = {http://conference.scipy.org/proceedings/scipy2010/mckinney.html}, urldate = {2014-08-26}, author = {McKinney, Wes}, year = {2010}, keywords = {Pandas}, pages = {51--56}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U2TSJNGP/McKinney - 2010 - Data Structures for Statistical Computing in Pytho.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8WUQ5CW8/mckinney.html:text/html} } @article{hansen_meta-analysis_2008, title = {Meta-analysis of major depressive disorder relapse and recurrence with second-generation antidepressants}, volume = {59}, issn = {1557-9700 (Electronic)}, number = {10}, journal = {Psychiatric Services}, author = {Hansen, R. and Gaynes, B. and Thieda, P. and Gartlehner, G. and Deveaugh-Geiss, A. and Krebs, E. and Lohr, K.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/administration \&, Depressive Disorder, Major/*prevention \& control, dosage/*therapeutic use, Humans, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Recurrence}, pages = {1121--30}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2V9CWJMJ/Hansen-2008-Meta-analysis of maj.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{yoo_engineering_2002, title = {Engineering and algorithm design for an image processing {API}: {A} technical report on {ITK} -- the {Insight} {Toolkit}}, volume = {85}, issn = {0926-9630}, shorttitle = {Engineering and algorithm design for an image processing {Api}}, abstract = {We present the detailed planning and execution of the Insight Toolkit (ITK), an application programmers interface (API) for the segmentation and registration of medical image data. This public resource has been developed through the NLM Visible Human Project, and is in beta test as an open-source software offering under cost-free licensing. The toolkit concentrates on 3D medical data segmentation and registration algorithms, multimodal and multiresolution capabilities, and portable platform independent support for Windows, Linux/Unix systems. This toolkit was built using current practices in software engineering. Specifically, we embraced the concept of generic programming during the development of these tools, working extensively with C++ templates and the freedom and flexibility they allow. Software development tools for distributed consortium-based code development have been created and are also publicly available. We discuss our assumptions, design decisions, and some lessons learned.}, language = {eng}, journal = {Studies in Health Technology and Informatics}, author = {Yoo, Terry S. and Ackerman, Michael J. and Lorensen, William E. and Schroeder, Will and Chalana, Vikram and Aylward, Stephen and Metaxas, Dimitris and Whitaker, Ross}, year = {2002}, pmid = {15458157}, keywords = {Algorithms, Anatomy, Cross-Sectional, Computer Systems, Head, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Medical Informatics Applications, National Library of Medicine (U.S.), Neck, Software, United States, User-Computer Interface}, pages = {586--592} } @book{brenner_brenner_2007, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Brenner and {Rector}'s {The} {Kidney}}, isbn = {978-1-4160-3105-5}, publisher = {Saunders Elsevier}, author = {Brenner, Barry M.}, year = {2007} } @article{calabro_crp_2009, title = {{CRP} and the risk of atherosclerotic events}, issn = {1863-2297 (Print)}, journal = {Seminars in Immunopathology}, author = {Calabro, P. and Golia, E. and Yeh, E. T.}, year = {2009}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/836NTQ8Q/Calabro.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{pearson_comparison_2007, title = {Comparison of effects of ezetimibe/simvastatin versus simvastatin versus atorvastatin in reducing {C}-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels}, volume = {99}, issn = {0002-9149 (Print)}, number = {12}, journal = {American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Pearson, T. and Ballantyne, C. and Sisk, C. and Shah, A. and Veltri, E. and Maccubbin, D.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Azetidines/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Cholesterol, LDL/*drug effects, C-Reactive Protein/*drug effects, Double-Blind Method, Drug Combinations, Female, Heptanoic Acids/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia/blood/*drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Pyrroles/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Simvastatin/pharmacology/*therapeutic use}, pages = {1706--1713}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3X2QNBR3/Pearson.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{cannon_real-time_2003, title = {Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound for guiding surgical tasks}, volume = {8}, issn = {1092-9088}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15015721}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: As a stand-alone imaging modality, two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) can only guide basic interventional tasks due to the limited spatial orientation information contained in these images. High-resolution real-time three-dimensional (3D) US can potentially overcome this limitation, thereby expanding the applications for US-guided procedures to include intracardiac surgery and fetal surgery, while potentially improving results of solid organ interventions such as image-guided breast, liver or prostate procedures. The following study examines the benefits of real-time 3D US for performing both basic and complex image-guided surgical tasks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven surgical trainees performed three tasks in an acoustic testing tank simulating an image-guided surgical environment using 2D US, biplanar 2D US, and 3D US for guidance. Surgeon-controlled US imaging was also tested. The evaluation tasks were (1) bead-in-hole navigation; (2) bead-to-bead navigation; and (3) clip fixation. Performance measures included completion time, tool tip trajectory, and error rates, with endoscope-guided performance serving as a gold-standard reference measure for each subject. RESULTS: Compared to 2D US guidance, completion times decreased significantly with 3D US for both bead-in-hole navigation (50\%, p = 0.046) and bead-to-bead navigation (77\%, p = 0.009). Furthermore, tool-tip tracking for bead-to-bead navigation demonstrated improved navigational accuracy using 3D US versus 2D US (46\%, p = 0.040). Biplanar 2D imaging and surgeon-controlled 2D US did not significantly improve performance as compared to conventional 2D US. In real-time 3D mode, surgeon-controlled imaging and changes in 3D image presentation made by adjusting the perspective of the 3D image did not diminish performance. For clip fixation, completion times proved excessive with 2D US guidance ({\textgreater} 240 s). However, with real-time 3D US imaging, completion times and error rates were comparable to endoscope-guided performance. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time 3D US can guide basic surgical tasks more efficiently and accurately than 2D US imaging. Real-time 3D US can also guide more complex surgical tasks which may prove useful for procedures where optical imaging is suboptimal, as in fetal surgery or intracardiac interventions.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {Computer Aided Surgery}, author = {Cannon, Jeremy W. and Stoll, Jeffrey A. and Salgo, Ivan S. and Knowles, Heather B. and Howe, Robert D. and Dupont, Pierre E. and Marx, Gerald R. and del Nido, Pedro J.}, year = {2003}, pmid = {15015721}, keywords = {Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Task Performance and Analysis, Ultrasonography}, pages = {82--90}, file = {CAS2003.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CV3KN97E/CAS2003.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gonzalez_closed-chest_1981, title = {Closed-chest electrode-catheter technique for {His} bundle ablation in dogs}, volume = {241}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 1981 the American Physiological Society}, issn = {0363-6135, 1522-1539}, url = {http://ajpheart.physiology.org/content/241/2/H283}, abstract = {A modified quadripolar electrode catheter that had two-thirds of the distal surface insulated with high-voltage plastic was inserted in 10 dogs. After a His bundle potential had been recorded, a synchronized direct-current electrical discharge was delivered between the electrodes showing the largest His bundle deflection using a standard direct-current defibrillator, and a metallic plate was positioned over the dog's back. Complete atrioventricular (AV) block was induced in 9 of 10 dogs, which were followed for 3 mo before being killed. During AV block, the QRS complex was broad and not preceded by a His bundle deflection. The mean control cycle length during AV block was 1,441 +/- 223 ms and decreased to 1,151 +/- 181 ms after exercise, a response that was usually abolished by beta-blockade. Overdrive pacing resulted in pacemaker suppression with gradual rate stabilization after 10-20 beats. There was no evidence of myocardial or valvular damage. This technique provides for a stable model of complete AV block and is suitable for experiments in which heart rate control is required. In addition, this technique may be of value for patients with tachycardia requiring His bundle section.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-26}, journal = {American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology}, author = {Gonzalez, R. and Scheinman, M. and Margaretten, W. and Rubinstein, M.}, month = aug, year = {1981}, pages = {H283--H287}, file = {H283.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/69WWFUXD/H283.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VZMTT3R7/H283.html:text/html} } @article{gaita_limited_2000, title = {Limited posterior left atrial cryoablation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation undergoing valvular heart surgery}, volume = {36}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109700006574}, doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00657-4}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate whether a limited surgical cryoablation of the posterior region of the left atrium was safe and effective in the cure of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with associated valvular heart disease. BACKGROUND Extensive surgical ablation of AF is a complex and risky procedure. The posterior region of the left atrium seems to be important in the initiation and maintenance of AF. METHODS In 32 patients with chronic AF who underwent heart valve surgery, linear cryolesions connecting the four pulmonary veins and the posterior mitral annulus were performed. Eighteen patients with AF who underwent valvular surgery but refused cryoablation were considered as the control group. RESULTS Sinus rhythm (SR) was restored in 25 (78\%) of 32 patients immediately after the operation. The cryoablation procedure required 20 {\textpm} 4 min. There were no intraoperative and perioperative complications. During the hospital period, one patient died of septicemia. Thirty-one patients reached a minimum of nine months of follow-up. Two deaths occurred but were unrelated to the procedure. Twenty (69\%) of 29 patients remained in SR with cryoablation alone, and 26 (90\%) of 29 patients with cryoablation, drugs and radiofrequency ablation. Three (10\%) of 29 patients remained in chronic AF. Right and left atrial contractility was evident in 24 (92\%) of 26 patients in SR. In control group, two deaths occurred, and SR was present in only four (25\%) of 16 patients. CONCLUSIONS Linear cryoablation with lesions connecting the four pulmonary veins and the mitral annulus is effective in restoration and maintenance of SR in patients with heart valve disease and chronic AF. Limited left atrial cryoablation may represent a valid alternative to the maze procedure, reducing myocardial ischemic time and risk of bleeding.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Gaita, Fiorenzo and Gallotti, Roberto and Cal{\`o}, Leonardo and Manasse, Eric and Riccardi, Riccardo and Garberoglio, Lucia and Nicolini, Francesco and Scaglione, Marco and Di Donna, Paolo and Caponi, Domenico and Franciosi, Giorgio}, month = jul, year = {2000}, pages = {159--166}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G8HET782/Gaita et al. - 2000 - Limited posterior left atrial cryoablation in pati.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CX8H3A54/S0735109700006574.html:text/html} } @article{vadivelu_recent_2005, title = {Recent advances in elucidating pain mechanisms}, volume = {18}, issn = {0952-7907 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=16534290}, number = {5}, journal = {Current Opinions in Anaesthesiology}, author = {Vadivelu, N. and Sinatra, R.}, year = {2005}, pages = {540--7} } @article{chan_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271273}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Chan, P. S. and Nallamothu, B. K. and Hayward, R. A.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Multivariate Analysis, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use, Survival Analysis}, pages = {1039; author reply 1041--2} } @article{koenen_persisting_2008, title = {Persisting posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and their relationship to functioning in {Vietnam} veterans: {A} 14-year follow-up}, volume = {21}, issn = {0894-9867 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Traumatic Stress}, author = {Koenen, K. C. and Stellman, S. D. and Sommer, J. F. and Stellman, J. M.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Vietnam Conflict, Aged, Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology, Follow-Up Studies, Happiness, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services/utilization, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics \& numerical data, Personal Satisfaction, Prevalence, Quality of Life/psychology, Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*diagnosis/epidemiology/*psychology, Veterans/*psychology/*statistics \& numerical data}, pages = {49--57}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JWUH9TXD/Koenen-2008-Persisting posttraum.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{frangi_three-dimensional_2001, title = {Three-dimensional modeling for functional analysis of cardiac images: {A} review}, volume = {20}, issn = {0278-0062 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Frangi, A. F. and Niessen, W. J. and Viergever, M. A.}, year = {2001}, keywords = {Diagnostic Imaging, Heart/ anatomy \& histology, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Models, Cardiovascular}, pages = {2--25}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PMFCK28Q/FrangReview.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sabiston_experimental_1968, title = {Experimental and clinical observations on the natural history of pulmonary embolism}, volume = {168}, issn = {0003-4932 (Print) 0003-4932 (Linking)}, number = {1}, journal = {Ann Surg}, author = {Sabiston, D. C. and Wolfe, W. G.}, year = {1968}, keywords = {*Pulmonary Embolism/diagnosis/etiology/pathology/radiography, Pulmonary Artery/radiography, Radionuclide Imaging, Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated/diagnostic use}, pages = {1--15}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KEGPVIBQ/Sabiston PEObs.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rosner_pharmacogenetic_2008, title = {Pharmacogenetic pathway analysis of irinotecan}, volume = {84}, issn = {1532-6535 (Electronic)}, number = {3}, journal = {Clinical Pharmacology \& Therapeutics}, author = {Rosner, G. L. and Panetta, J. C. and Innocenti, F. and Ratain, M. J.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/metabolism/ pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Camptothecin/ analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Clinical Trials as Topic, Enterohepatic Circulation/genetics, Female, Glucuronosyltransferase/ genetics, Humans, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Neoplasms/drug therapy, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Prodrugs/metabolism/ pharmacokinetics}, pages = {393--402}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MHM2RXEN/Rosner-2008-Pharmacogenetic path.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{penney_comparison_1998, title = {A comparison of similarity measures for use in 2-{D}-3-{D} medical image registration}, volume = {17}, issn = {0278-0062}, doi = {10.1109/42.730403}, abstract = {A comparison of six similarity measures for use in intensity-based two-dimensional-three-dimensional (2-D-3-D) image registration is presented. The accuracy of the similarity measures are compared to a "gold-standard" registration which has been accurately calculated using fiducial markers. The similarity measures are used to register a computed tomography (CT) scan of a spine phantom to a fluoroscopy image of the phantom. The registration is carried out within a region-of-interest in the fluoroscopy image which is user defined to contain a single vertebra. Many of the problems involved in this type of registration are caused by features which were not modeled by a phantom image alone. More realistic "gold-standard" data sets were simulated using the phantom image with clinical image features overlaid. Results show that the introduction of soft-tissue structures and interventional instruments into the phantom image can have a large effect on the performance of some similarity measures previously applied to 2-D-3-D image registration. Two measures were able to register accurately and robustly even when soft-tissue structures and interventional instruments were present as differences between the images. These measures were pattern intensity and gradient difference. Their registration accuracy, for all the rigid-body parameters except for the source to film translation, was within a root-mean-square (rms) error of 0.53 mm or degrees to the "gold-standard" values. No failures occurred while registering using these measures.}, number = {4}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Penney, G. P. and Weese, J. and Little, J. A. and Desmedt, P. and Hill, D. L. G. and hawkes, D. J.}, month = aug, year = {1998}, keywords = {2-D-3-D medical image registration, Algorithms, clinical image features overlaid, computed tomography scan, computerised tomography, diagnostic radiography, fiducial markers, Fluoroscopy, fluoroscopy image, gradient difference, Humans, image registration, intensity-based image registration, interventional instruments, medical diagnostic imaging, medical image processing, pattern intensity, Phantoms, Imaging, region-of-interest, registration accuracy, similarity measures, single vertebra, soft-tissue structures, source to film translation, Spine, spine phantom, Tomography, X-Ray Computed}, pages = {586 --595}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EZPBRTEC/Penney et al. - 1998 - A comparison of similarity measures for use in 2-D.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QTH26269/Penney et al. - 1998 - A comparison of similarity measures for use in 2-D.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{lenes_4-d_2008, title = {4-{D} {Echocardiogram}}, shorttitle = {English}, url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Apikal4D.gif}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, author = {Lenes, Kjetil}, month = mar, year = {2008}, biboverride = {Kjetil Lenes, \newblock ``{4-D} echocardiogram'' [image]. \newblock Accessed 8 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Apikal4D.gif!, under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.} } @article{viera_understanding_2005, title = {Understanding interobserver agreement: {The} kappa statistic}, volume = {37}, issn = {0742-3225}, shorttitle = {Understanding interobserver agreement}, abstract = {Items such as physical exam findings, radiographic interpretations, or other diagnostic tests often rely on some degree of subjective interpretation by observers. Studies that measure the agreement between two or more observers should include a statistic that takes into account the fact that observers will sometimes agree or disagree simply by chance. The kappa statistic (or kappa coefficient) is the most commonly used statistic for this purpose. A kappa of 1 indicates perfect agreement, whereas a kappa of 0 indicates agreement equivalent to chance. A limitation of kappa is that it is affected by the prevalence of the finding under observation. Methods to overcome this limitation have been described.}, language = {eng}, number = {5}, journal = {Family Medicine}, author = {Viera, Anthony J. and Garrett, Joanne M.}, month = may, year = {2005}, pmid = {15883903}, keywords = {Family Practice, Health Services Research, Models, Statistical, Observer Variation, United States}, pages = {360--363}, file = {Anthony360.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9975EXK8/Anthony360.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{openstax_college_anatomy_2014, title = {Anatomy \& {Physiology}}, url = {http://cnx.org/contents/14fb4ad7-39a1-4eee-ab6e-3ef2482e3e22@7.16}, urldate = {2014-01-04}, publisher = {OpenStax CNX}, author = {{OpenStax College}}, month = nov, year = {2014} } @article{cazeau_echocardiographic_2003, title = {Echocardiographic eodeling of cardiac dyssynchrony before and during multisite stimulation: {A} prospective study}, volume = {26}, issn = {1540-8159}, shorttitle = {Echocardiographic {Modeling} of {Cardiac} {Dyssynchrony} {Before} and {During} {Multisite} {Stimulation}}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00003.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00003.x}, abstract = {CAZEAU, S.,et al.:Echocardiographic Modeling of Cardiac Dyssynchrony Before and During Multisite Stimulation: A Prospective Study.Multisite biventricular pacing therapy offers significant clinical improvement in some stimulated patients with electrocardiographic criteria of cardiac dyssynchrony. However, observational data increasingly suggest that patients suffering from congestive heart failure in presence of modest QRS widening may also derive benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), and that some patients can be significantly improved clinically after system implantation despite no apparent change in QRS width. This pilot study explored the value of an echocardiographic model to identify cardiac electromechanical dyssynchrony parameters (EDP) in candidates for CRT, and their potential correction after implantation. The study included 66 consecutive CRT recipients of CRT in NYHA functional class III or IV who had one or more atrioventricular, interventricular or intraventricular dyssynchrony criteria. An immediate improvement was observed in 85\% of the population with a partial or total correction of their EDP. However, the modifications in EDP differed considerably between recipients of de novo CRT systems and patients with previously implanted standard pacing systems upgraded with the implantation of a left ventricular lead. EDP measurements appear to identify potential candidates for CRT, and to confirm the success of system implantation. (PACE 2003; 26[Pt. II]:137{\textendash}143)}, language = {en}, number = {1p2}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology}, author = {Cazeau, S. and Bordachar, P. and Jauvert, G. and Lazarus, A. and Alonso, C. and Vandrell, M.c. and Mugica, J. and Ritter, P.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {dyssynchrony, Echocardiography, muttisite pacing}, pages = {137--143}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3RXCNCNC/full.html:text/html} } @article{moran_gonzalez_farmacogenetica_2008, title = {Farmacogene?tica en oncologi?a}, volume = {131}, issn = {0025-7753 (Print)}, language = {Portugese}, number = {5}, journal = {Medicina Cl{\'i}nica}, author = {Moran Gonzalez, D. and Jimenez Cabrera, S. and Dominguez-Gil Hurle, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents/ metabolism/ therapeutic use, Humans, Neoplasms/ drug therapy/enzymology/ genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic}, pages = {184--95}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/889A8D5Z/2v131n05a13124283pdf001.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wright_are_2005, title = {Are the benefits of statins a class effect?}, volume = {172}, issn = {1488-2329 (Electronic)}, number = {9}, journal = {Canadian Medical Association Journal}, author = {Wright, J. M.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Cohort Studies, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/economics/*therapeutic use, Myocardial Infarction/*drug therapy/prevention \& control, Recurrence/prevention \& control}, pages = {1195--6}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9G7TEPB6/Wright-2005-Are the benefits of.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{currier_effectiveness_2008, title = {The effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions for bereaved persons: a comprehensive quantitative review}, volume = {134}, issn = {0033-2909 (Print) 0033-2909 (Linking)}, number = {5}, journal = {Psychological Bulletin}, author = {Currier, J. M. and Neimeyer, R. A. and Berman, J. S.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Adaptation, Psychological, *Bereavement, Humans, Psychoanalytic Therapy/*methods, Stress, Psychological/*psychology/*therapy, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {648--61}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9ZMPI6RU/PharmGrief.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hecher_assessment_1995, title = {Assessment of fetal compromise by {Doppler} ultrasound investigation of the fetal circulation: {Arterial}, intracardiac, and venous blood flow velocity studies}, volume = {91}, number = {1}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Hecher, Kurt and Campbell, Stuart and Doyle, Pat and Harrington, Kevin and Nicolaides, Kypros}, year = {1995}, pages = {129--138}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C88AWGJT/Hecher FetalCompUS.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{szmigielski_four_2009, title = {Four dimensional fusion echocardiography improves contrast to noise ratio, image quality and completeness of three dimensional datasets}, booktitle = {20th {Annual} {Scientific} {Session} of {American} {Society} of {Echocardiography}}, author = {Szmigielski, Cezary and Rajpoot, Kashif and Grau, Vicente and Holloway, Cameron and Myerson, Saul and Noble, Alison J. and Becher, Harald}, year = {2009} } @patent{hough_method_1962, title = {Method and means for recognizing complex patterns}, url = {http://www.google.com/patents/about?id=xQ9vAAAAEBAJ}, nationality = {United States}, number = {3069654}, urldate = {2011-11-20}, author = {Hough, Paul V. C.}, month = dec, year = {1962}, biboverride = {Paul~V.~C.\ Hough, ``Method and means for recognizing complex patterns,'' U.S.\ Patent 3~069~654, 18~Dec.\ 1962.}, note = {U.S. Classification: 382/281}, file = {Google Patents PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KCJR6S2F/Hough and Hough - 1962 - Method and Means for Recognizing Complex Patterns.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{boldt_fibrosis_2004, title = {Fibrosis in left atrial tissue of patients with atrial fibrillation with and without underlying mitral valve disease}, volume = {90}, issn = {1355-6037}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1768173/}, doi = {10.1136/hrt.2003.015347}, abstract = {Objective: To examine the hypothesis that major extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are expressed differently in the left atrial tissue of patients in sinus rhythm (SR), lone atrial fibrillation (AF), and AF with underlying mitral valve disease (MVD)., Design: Case-control study., Patients: 118 patients with lone AF, MVD+AF, and SR., Main outcome measures: Collagen I, collagen III, and fibronectin protein expression measured by quantitative western blotting techniques and immunohistochemical methods., Results: Protein concentrations increased in patients with AF (all forms) compared with those in SR (all forms): collagen I (1.15 (0.11) v 0.45 (0.28), respectively; p ?=? 0.002), collagen III (0.74 (0.05) v 0.46 (0.11); p ?=? 0.002, and fibronectin (0.88 (0.06) v 0.62 (0.13); p ?=? 0.08). Especially, collagen I was similarly enhanced in both lone AF (1.49 (0.15) and MVD+AF (1.53 (0.16) compared with SR (0.56 (0.28); both p ?=? 0.01). Collagen III was not significantly increased in lone AF but was significantly increased in AF combined with MVD (0.84 (0.07) both compared with SR (0.46 (0.11); p ?=? 0.01). The concentration of fibronectin was not significantly increased in lone AF and MVD+AF (both compared with SR). Furthermore, there was a similar degree of enhanced collagen expression in paroxysmal AF and chronic AF., Conclusions: AF is associated with fibrosis. Forms of AF differ from each other in collagen III expression. However, there was no systematic difference in ECM expression between paroxysmal AF and chronic AF. Enhanced concentrations of ECM proteins may have a role in structural remodelling and the pathogenesis of AF as a result of separation of the cells by fibrotic depositions.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-09-22}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Boldt, A. and Wetzel, U. and Lauschke, J. and Weigl, J. and Gummert, J. and Hindricks, G. and Kottkamp, H. and Dhein, S.}, month = apr, year = {2004}, pmid = {15020515}, pmcid = {PMC1768173}, pages = {400--405}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4IRASJJE/Boldt et al. - 2004 - Fibrosis in left atrial tissue of patients with at.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{santangeli_examining_2012, title = {Examining the safety of amiodarone}, volume = {11}, issn = {1474-0338}, url = {http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1517/14740338.2012.660915}, doi = {10.1517/14740338.2012.660915}, abstract = {Introduction: Amiodarone is the most widely used antiarrhythmic agent, with demonstrated effectiveness against all the spectrum of cardiac tachyarrhythmias. The risk of adverse effects acts as a limiting factor to its utilization especially in the long term. This article systematically reviews the published evidence on amiodarone versus placebo to examine its safety as an antiarrhythmic drug. Areas covered: Authors collected data on adverse effects reported in 49 randomized placebo-controlled trials with amiodarone. Adverse effects were classified according to the organ/system involved. Pooled estimates of the number needed to treat (NNT) and to harm (NNH) versus placebo were calculated. Expert opinion: Amiodarone is effective for both the acute conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) (11 trials, NNT = 4 at 24 h; p = 0.003) and the prevention of postoperative AF (18 trials, NNT = 8; p {\textless} 0.001), although with an increased risk of bradycardia, hypotension, nausea or phlebitis (pooled NNH = 4; p {\textless} 0.001). Amiodarone administration for the maintenance of sinus rhythm has a favorable net clinical benefit (pooled NNT = 3; p {\textless} 0.001 versus pooled NNH for either thyroid toxicity, gastrointestinal discomfort, skin toxicity or eye toxicity = 11; p {\textless} 0.001). Treatment with amiodarone for the prophylaxis of sudden cardiac death has less favorable net clinical benefit (15 trials, NNT = 38; p {\textless} 0.001 versus NNH for either thyroid toxicity, hepatic toxicity, pulmonary toxicity or bradycardia = 14; p {\textless} 0.001). Amiodarone treatment in this setting should be used in only selected cases.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Expert Opinion on Drug Safety}, author = {Santangeli, Pasquale and Di Biase, Luigi and Burkhardt, John David and Bai, Rong and Mohanty, Prasant and Pump, Agnes and Natale, Andrea}, month = mar, year = {2012}, pages = {191--214}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R4QMXDH6/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BBNWHSCG/14740338.2012.html:text/html} } @article{simonetti_improved_2001, title = {An improved {MR} imaging technique for the visualization of myocardial infarction}, volume = {218}, issn = {0033-8419}, url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiology.218.1.r01ja50215}, doi = {10.1148/radiology.218.1.r01ja50215}, abstract = {PURPOSE: To design a segmented inversion-recovery turbo fast low-angle shot (turboFLASH) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging pulse sequence for the visualization of myocardial infarction, compare this technique with other MR imaging approaches in a canine model of ischemic injury, and evaluate its utility in patients with coronary artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six dogs and 18 patients were examined. In dogs, infarction was produced and images were acquired by using 10 different pulse sequences. In patients, the segmented turboFLASH technique was used to acquire contrast material{\textendash}enhanced images 19 days~{\textpm}~7 (SD) after myocardial infarction. RESULTS: Myocardial regions of increased signal intensity were observed in all animals and patients at imaging. With the postcontrast segmented turboFLASH sequence, the signal intensity of the infarcted myocardium was 1,080\%~{\textpm}~214 higher than that of the normal myocardium in dogs{\textemdash}nearly twice that of the next best sequence tested and approximately 10-fold greater than that in previous reports. All 18 patients with myocardial infarction demonstrated high signal intensity at imaging. On average, the signal intensity of the high-signal-intensity regions in patients was 485\%~{\textpm}~43 higher than that of the normal myocardium. CONCLUSION: The segmented inversion-recovery turboFLASH sequence produced the greatest differences in regional myocardial signal intensity in animals. Application of this technique in patients with infarction substantially improved differentiation between injured and normal regions.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Simonetti, Orlando P. and Kim, Raymond J. and Fieno, David S. and Hillenbrand, Hanns B. and Wu, Edwin and Bundy, Jeffrey M. and Finn, J. Paul and Judd, Robert M.}, month = jan, year = {2001}, pages = {215--223}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AGTJFAWP/Simonetti et al. - 2001 - An Improved MR Imaging Technique for the Visualiza.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3N8UT8WF/radiology.218.1.html:text/html} } @article{hoyt_complications_2011, title = {Complications arising from catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: {Temporal} trends and predictors}, volume = {8}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Complications arising from catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527111008459}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.07.025}, abstract = {Background The reported complication rate of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) varies. Objective Our goal was to assess temporal trends and the effect of both institutional and individual operators' experience on the incidence of complications. Methods All patients undergoing AF ablation at Johns Hopkins Hospital between February 2001 and December 2010 were prospectively enrolled in a database. Major complications were defined as those that were life-threatening, resulted in permanent harm, required intervention, or significantly prolonged hospitalization. Results Fifty-six major complications occurred in 1190 procedures (4.7\%). The majority of complications were vascular (18; 1.5\%), followed by pericardial tamponade (13; 1.1\%) and cerebrovascular accident (12; 1.1\%). No cases of death or atrioesophageal fistula occurred. The overall complication rate decreased from 11.1\% in 2002 to 1.6\% in 2010 (P \<.05). On univariate analysis, demographic and clinical factors associated with the increased risk of complications were CHADS2 score of >=2 (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.5; 95\% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4{\textendash}4.4; P = .002), female gender (HR = 2.0; 95\% CI = 1.2{\textendash}3.5; P = .014), and age (HR = 1.03; 95\% CI = 1.0{\textendash}1.1; P = .042). Gender and CHADS2 score of >=2 remained independent predictors of complication on multivariable analysis. Conclusion The complication rate of catheter ablation of AF decreased with increased institutional experience. Female gender and CHADS2 score of >=2 are significant independent risk factors for complications and should be considered when referring patients for AF ablation.}, number = {12}, urldate = {2014-11-20}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Hoyt, Hana and Bhonsale, Aditya and Chilukuri, Karuna and Alhumaid, Fawaz and Needleman, Matthew and Edwards, David and Govil, Ashul and Nazarian, Saman and Cheng, Alan and Henrikson, Charles A. and Sinha, Sunil and Marine, Joseph E. and Berger, Ronald and Calkins, Hugh and Spragg, David D.}, month = dec, year = {2011}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, Complication}, pages = {1869--1874}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2UM9AAU9/Hoyt et al. - 2011 - Complications arising from catheter ablation of at.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I2EVXGU4/S1547527111008459.html:text/html} } @book{gagliardi_history_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, shorttitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, number = {1}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996} } @article{krohmer_radiography_1989, title = {Radiography and fluoroscopy, 1920 to the present.}, volume = {9}, issn = {0271-5333}, url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiographics.9.6.2685938}, doi = {10.1148/radiographics.9.6.2685938}, number = {6}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {RadioGraphics}, author = {Krohmer, J S}, month = nov, year = {1989}, pages = {1129--1153}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H8STPKRB/Krohmer - 1989 - Radiography and fluoroscopy, 1920 to the present..pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SREXCT8T/radiographics.9.6.html:text/html} } @article{earley_how_2009, title = {How to perform a transseptal puncture}, volume = {95}, issn = {, 1468-201X}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/95/1/85}, doi = {10.1136/hrt.2007.135939}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Earley, Mark J.}, month = jan, year = {2009}, pmid = {19047447}, pages = {85--92}, file = {How to perform a transeptal puncture EiH.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PB46FCI6/How to perform a transeptal puncture EiH.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6CS7TEFP/85.html:text/html} } @article{white_fused_2010, title = {Fused whole-heart coronary and myocardial scar imaging using 3-{T} {CMR} implications for planning of cardiac resynchronization therapy and coronary revascularization}, volume = {3}, issn = {1876-7591 (Electronic)}, number = {9}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {White, J. A. and Fine, N. and Gula, L. J. and Yee, R. and Al-Admawi, M. and Zhang, Q. and Krahn, A. and Skanes, A. and MacDonald, A. and Peters, T. and Drangova, M.}, year = {2010}, pages = {921--30}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/E7DJFDM9/scar-resync.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{perrin_image_2009, title = {Image guided surgical interventions}, volume = {46}, issn = {0011-3840}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B75B1-4WXBHC3-4/2/98241440d70487f2b2d83bac5c52d957}, doi = {10.1067/j.cpsurg.2009.04.001}, number = {9}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {Current Problems in Surgery}, author = {Perrin, Douglas P. and Vasilyev, Nikolay V. and Novotny, Paul and Stoll, Jeffrey and Howe, Robert D. and Dupont, Pierre E. and Salgo, Ivan S. and del Nido, Pedro J.}, month = sep, year = {2009}, pages = {730--766}, file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4NHK7QTZ/science.html:text/html;science.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T78ANKKH/science.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{de_bastos_combined_2014, title = {Combined oral contraceptives: {Venous} thrombosis}, volume = {3}, issn = {1469-493X}, shorttitle = {Combined oral contraceptives}, doi = {10.1002/14651858.CD010813.pub2}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Combined oral contraceptive (COC) use has been associated with venous thrombosis (VT) (i.e., deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism). The VT risk has been evaluated for many estrogen doses and progestagen types contained in COC but no comprehensive comparison involving commonly used COC is available. OBJECTIVES: To provide a comprehensive overview of the risk of venous thrombosis in women using different combined oral contraceptives. SEARCH METHODS: Electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier and ScienceDirect) were searched in 22 April 2013 for eligible studies, without language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA: We selected studies including healthy women taking COC with VT as outcome. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The primary outcome of interest was a fatal or non-fatal first event of venous thrombosis with the main focus on deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Publications with at least 10 events in total were eligible. The network meta-analysis was performed using an extension of frequentist random effects models for mixed multiple treatment comparisons. Unadjusted relative risks with 95\% confidence intervals were reported.Two independent reviewers extracted data from selected studies. MAIN RESULTS: 3110 publications were retrieved through a search strategy; 25 publications reporting on 26 studies were included. Incidence of venous thrombosis in non-users from two included cohorts was 0.19 and 0.37 per 1 000 person years, in line with previously reported incidences of 0,16 per 1 000 person years. Use of combined oral contraceptives increased the risk of venous thrombosis compared with non-use (relative risk 3.5, 95\% confidence interval 2.9 to 4.3). The relative risk of venous thrombosis for combined oral contraceptives with 30-35 $\mu$g ethinylestradiol and gestodene, desogestrel, cyproterone acetate, or drospirenone were similar and about 50-80\% higher than for combined oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel. A dose related effect of ethinylestradiol was observed for gestodene, desogestrel, and levonorgestrel, with higher doses being associated with higher thrombosis risk. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: All combined oral contraceptives investigated in this analysis were associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. The effect size depended both on the progestogen used and the dose of ethinylestradiol. Risk of venous thrombosis for combined oral contraceptives with 30-35 $\mu$g ethinylestradiol and gestodene, desogestrel, cyproterone acetate and drospirenone were similar, and about 50-80\% higher than with levonorgestrel. The combined oral contraceptive with the lowest possible dose of ethinylestradiol and good compliance should be prescribed-that is, 30 $\mu$g ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel.}, language = {eng}, journal = {The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews}, author = {de Bastos, Marcos and Stegeman, Bernardine H. and Rosendaal, Frits R. and Van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid and Helmerhorst, Frans M. and Stijnen, Theo and Dekkers, Olaf M.}, year = {2014}, pmid = {24590565}, keywords = {Androstenes, Contraceptives, Oral, Combined, Cyproterone, Desogestrel, Ethinyl Estradiol, Female, Humans, Levonorgestrel, Norpregnenes, Pulmonary Embolism, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Venous Thrombosis}, pages = {CD010813}, file = {CD010813.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UWQMHBFX/CD010813.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zimetbaum_is_2004, title = {Is there a role for maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation?}, volume = {141}, issn = {0003-4819}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-9-200411020-00015}, doi = {10.7326/0003-4819-141-9-200411020-00015}, abstract = {Recent studies have indicated that outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation who are managed with rate control and anticoagulation are similar to those in patients who have maintenance of sinus rhythm. These studies did not include important groups of patients with atrial fibrillation in whom antiarrhythmic therapy may be appropriate. This perspective argues for the maintenance of sinus rhythm and for the use of antiarrhythmic therapy that includes medications, invasive procedures, and a combination of both in appropriate patients.}, number = {9}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine}, author = {Zimetbaum, Peter and Josephson, Mark E.}, month = nov, year = {2004}, pages = {720--726}, file = {0000605-200411020-00015.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DUUDIPQ3/0000605-200411020-00015.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{linte_evaluation_2010, title = {Evaluation of model-enhanced ultrasound-assisted interventional guidance in a cardiac phantom}, volume = {57}, issn = {1558-2531}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20515706}, doi = {10.1109/TBME.2010.2050886}, abstract = {Minimizing invasiveness associated with cardiac procedures has led to limited visual access to the target tissues. To address these limitations, we have developed a visualization environment that integrates interventional ultrasound (US) imaging with preoperative anatomical models and virtual representations of the surgical instruments tracked in real time. In this paper, we present a comprehensive evaluation of our model-enhanced US-guidance environment by simulating clinically relevant interventions in vitro . We have demonstrated that model-enhanced US guidance provides a clinically desired targeting accuracy better than 3-mm rms and maintains this level of accuracy even in the case of image-to-patient misalignments that are often encountered in the clinic. These studies emphasize the benefits of integrating real-time imaging with preoperative data to enhance surgical navigation in the absence of direct vision during minimally invasive cardiac interventions.}, number = {9}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering}, author = {Linte, Cristian A. and Moore, John and Wedlake, Chris and Peters, Terry M.}, month = sep, year = {2010}, pmid = {20515706}, pages = {2209--2218}, file = {05473069.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3JBUIPQ9/05473069.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{franke_real-time_2007, title = {Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in stress testing: {Bi}- and triplane imaging for enhanced image acquisition}, volume = {25}, issn = {0733-8651}, number = {2}, journal = {Cardiology Clinics}, author = {Franke, Andreas}, year = {2007}, pages = {261--265}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HPF8V5CA/Franke BiTriPlaneStressEcho.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{tao_toward_2012, title = {Toward magnetic resonance-guided electroanatomical voltage mapping for catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia: {A} comparison of registration methods}, volume = {23}, issn = {1540-8167}, shorttitle = {Toward magnetic resonance-guided electroanatomical voltage mapping for catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia}, doi = {10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02167.x}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Integration of preprocedural delayed enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) with electroanatomical voltage mapping (EAVM) may provide additional high-resolution substrate information for catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardias (VT). Accurate and fast image integration of DE-MRI with EAVM is desirable for MR-guided ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-six VT patients with large transmural scar underwent catheter ablation and preprocedural DE-MRI. With different registration models and EAVM input, 3 image integration methods were evaluated and compared to the commercial registration module CartoMerge. The performance was evaluated both in terms of distance measure that describes surface matching, and correlation measure that describes actual scar correspondence. Compared to CartoMerge, the method that uses the translation-and-rotation model and high-density EAVM input resulted in a registration error of 4.32{\textpm}0.69 mm as compared to 4.84 {\textpm} 1.07 (P {\textless}0.05); the method that uses the translation model and high-density EAVM input resulted in a registration error of 4.60 {\textpm} 0.65 mm (P = NS); and the method that uses the translation model and a single anatomical landmark input resulted in a registration error of 6.58 {\textpm} 1.63 mm (P {\textless} 0.05). No significant difference in scar correlation was observed between all 3 methods and CartoMerge (P = NS). CONCLUSIONS: During VT ablation procedures, accurate integration of EAVM and DE-MRI can be achieved using a translation registration model and a single anatomical landmark. This model allows for image integration in minimal mapping time and is likely to reduce fluoroscopy time and increase procedure efficacy.}, language = {eng}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Tao, Qian and Milles, Julien and van Huls van Taxis, Carine and Lamb, Hildo J. and Reiber, Johan H. C. and Zeppenfeld, Katja and van der Geest, Rob J.}, month = jan, year = {2012}, pmid = {21914023}, keywords = {Action Potentials, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anatomic Landmarks, Catheter Ablation, Computer Simulation, Contrast Media, Female, Gadolinium DTPA, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Cardiovascular, Myocardial Infarction, Myocardium, Predictive Value of Tests, Reproducibility of Results, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Time Factors, Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging}, pages = {74--80}, file = {Tao.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7HD83V6X/Tao.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{driessen_course_2001, title = {The course of anxiety, depression and drinking behaviours after completed detoxification in alcoholics with and without comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders}, volume = {36}, issn = {0735-0414 (Print) 0735-0414 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Alcohol and Alcoholism}, author = {Driessen, M. and Meier, S. and Hill, A. and Wetterling, T. and Lange, W. and Junghanns, K.}, year = {2001}, keywords = {Adult, Alcohol Drinking/*psychology, Alcoholism/complications/*psychology/*rehabilitation, Anxiety/complications/*psychology, Depressive Disorder/complications/*psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Questionnaires, Recurrence, Temperance}, pages = {249--55}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8DHSJKKA/DepressionEtOH.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{kaempffert_x-rays_1917, title = {X-rays: {Samaritans} of {War}}, language = {en}, booktitle = {The {Book} of {Modern} {Marvels}}, publisher = {Leslie-Judge Company}, author = {Jungmann, A. M.}, editor = {Kaempffert, Waldemar}, year = {1917}, pages = {172} } @article{beller_recent_2010, title = {Recent advances and future trends in multimodality cardiac imaging}, volume = {19}, issn = {1443-9506}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1443950609011068}, doi = {16/j.hlc.2009.11.003}, abstract = {The cardiovascular imaging field has experienced marked growth and technical advancement in the past several decades. In the future, multimodality imaging will provide enhanced characterisation of disease states. Myocardial perfusion imaging will become more quantitative, permitting measurement of absolute blood flow and coronary flow reserves during stress states. A greater use of positron emission tomography (PET) can be expected for both assessing blood flow quantitatively and molecular imaging of atherosclerotic plaques and myocardial disease states. SPECT and PET imaging of myocardial metabolism and cardiac neuronal imaging have already shown great promise for identifying high-risk patients with coronary heart disease and nonischaemic cardiomyopathy. Further progress will occur in computed tomography imaging of the heart and coronary arteries and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging including quantitative estimates of coronary blood flow, coronary and peripheral vessel plaque characterisation, and detection of myocardial cellular dysfunction. Fusion imaging, in which two disparate image data sets are merged into one functional image, will become commonplace. Major breakthroughs in CV imaging will depend on discoveries in basic research, further refinement of instrumentation and software for image processing and analysis, and outcomes research demonstrating the worth of imaging technologies in reducing cardiovascular death and morbidity.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2011-06-13}, journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation}, author = {Beller, George A.}, month = mar, year = {2010}, keywords = {Cardiovascular imaging}, pages = {193--209}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CWZJDSJ3/Beller - 2010 - Recent advances and future trends in multimodality.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VWV6C9H3/S1443950609011068.html:text/html} } @article{al-saady_left_1999, title = {Left atrial appendage: {Structure}, function, and role in thromboembolism}, volume = {82}, issn = {, 1468-201X}, shorttitle = {Left atrial appendage}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/82/5/547}, doi = {10.1136/hrt.82.5.547}, abstract = {The left atrial appendage (LAA) is derived from the left wall of the primary atrium, which forms during the fourth week of embryonic development. It has developmental, ultrastructural, and physiological characteristics distinct from the left atrium proper. The LAA lies within the confines of the pericardium in close relation to the free wall of the left ventricle and thus its emptying and filling may be significantly affected by left ventricular function. The physiological properties and anatomical relations of the LAA render it ideally suited to function as a decompression chamber during left ventricular systole and during other periods when left atrial pressure is high. These properties include the position of the LAA high in the body of the left atrium; the increased distensibility of the LAA compared with the left atrium proper; the high concentration of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) granules contained within the LAA; and the neuronal configuration of the LAA. Thrombus has a predilection to form in the LAA in patients with atrial fibrillation, mitral valve disease, and other conditions. The pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated; however, relative stasis which occurs in the appendage owing to its shape and the trabeculations within it is thought to play a major role. Obliteration or amputation of the LAA may help to reduce the risk of thromboembolism, but this may result in undesirable physiological sequelae such as reduced atrial compliance and a reduced capacity for ANF secretion in response to pressure and volume overload.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2015-01-02}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Al-Saady, N. M. and Obel, O. A. and Camm, A. J.}, month = nov, year = {1999}, pmid = {10525506}, pages = {547--554}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QXJPJR9Q/Al-Saady et al. - 1999 - Left atrial appendage structure, function, and ro.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N8E5V7A8/547.html:text/html} } @article{echeverria_congestive_1983, title = {Congestive heart failure: {Echocardiographic} insights}, volume = {75}, issn = {0002-9343 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {American Journal of Medicine}, author = {Echeverria, H. H. and Bilsker, M. S. and Myerburg, R. J. and Kessler, K. M.}, year = {1983}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Cardiac Output, Echocardiography, Female, Heart Failure/diagnosis/etiology/ physiopathology, Heart Ventricles/physiopathology, Humans, Hypertension/complications, Male, Middle Aged, Physical Examination, Prospective Studies, Stroke Volume}, pages = {750--755} } @article{vegas_core_2010, title = {Core review: {Three}-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography is a major advance for intraoperative clinical management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery}, volume = {110}, issn = {1526-7598 (Electronic) 0003-2999 (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {Anesthesia and Analgesia}, author = {Vegas, A. and Meineri, M.}, year = {2010}, keywords = {*Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery/ultrasonography, Aortic Valve/surgery/ultrasonography, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/ultrasonography, Data Display, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation/*methods, Echocardiography, Transesophageal/instrumentation/*methods, Heart Atria, Heart Defects, Congenital/ultrasonography, Heart Ventricles, Hemodynamics/physiology, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery/ultrasonography, Mitral Valve/physiopathology/surgery/ultrasonography, Mitral Valve Stenosis/surgery/ultrasonography, Monitoring, Intraoperative/*methods, Pulmonary Valve/surgery/ultrasonography, Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive, Tricuspid Valve/surgery/ultrasonography}, pages = {1548--73}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I8H7HFIX/3d-iotee-review.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{colburn_dissecting_2008, address = {Rome}, title = {Dissecting inflammatory and chemotactic pathways in {Familial} {Mediterrean} {Fever}}, abstract = {Background: Familial Mediterrean fever (FMF) is a heritable autoinflammatory disease characterized by substantial neutrophil influx at sites of serosal and synovial involvement. Inflammatory attacks are usually prevented by prophylaxis with colchicine, a microtubule inhibitor. Pyrin, the FMF protein, colocalizes with microtubules and may impact leukocyte cytoskeletal functions such as adhesion and migration. We therefore sought to further investigate leukocyte migration in FMF. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 25 treated patients, 10 untreated patients, and 16 controls. Subsets of patients were studied in several assays. Chemokines produced from cultured supernatants and from serum samples were evaluated with the Luminex immunoassay. Chemotaxis assays included a transwell system and a live imaging protocol with granulocytes stimulated to various chemoattractants, including MIP-1 alpha, IL-8 and fMLP. Analysis of gene expression sequences with the Affymetrix system was utilized in 8-paired patient samples who underwent colchicine withdrawal. Results: Microarray analysis revealed a {\textquotedblleft}chemotactic signature{\textquotedblright} induced by colchicine withdrawal with upregulation of major chemotactic genes including CRK, BCL6, ADAMTS 10, and downregulation of genes involving chemokine receptors and cell adhesion molecules such as CCR 7 and CXCR3. At 72 hours off colchicine, monocytes from FMF patients stimulated with LPS produced more TNF-alpha and IL-12p70. Moreover, neutrophil activation was increased, as seen with the downregulation of the L-selectin marker, CD 62L. Patients off colchicine demonstrated significant hyperresponsive cell movement compared with treated patients and controls, although such movement was found to be random (chemokinetic) and less directed (chemotactic) when visualized. FMF patients on colchicine showed elevated serum levels of the chemokines, MIP-1 alpha and beta, as compared to controls. Conclusion: A cascade of intracellular events involving chemokine signaling can impact leukocyte migration in FMF. Current studies are focused on determining the extent to which these effects represent the underlying pathophysiology of FMF, independent of colchicine, by studying colchicine na{\"i}ve patients.}, author = {Colburn, N. T. and McManigle, J. E. and Singal, P. and Balow, J. and Mogul, D. and Zaal, K. and Sun, H. W. and Barham, B. and Chae, J. J. and Kastner, D.}, month = apr, year = {2008}, note = {isabstract:true}, file = {Abstracts_Rome_2008.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4QB9Z2PF/Abstracts_Rome_2008.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{cubeddu_percutaneous_2010, title = {Percutaneous techniques for mitral valve disease}, volume = {28}, issn = {1558-2264 (Electronic) 0733-8651 (Linking)}, number = {1}, journal = {Cardiology Clinics}, author = {Cubeddu, R. J. and Palacios, I. F.}, year = {2010}, keywords = {Balloon Dilatation/instrumentation/*methods, Heart Catheterization, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Humans, Mitral Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis/physiopathology/*therapy, Mitral Valve Stenosis/diagnosis/physiopathology/*therapy}, pages = {139--153}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QFDRS23G/perc-mitral.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{pugliese_diagnostic_2005, title = {Diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive 64-slice {CT} coronary angiography in patients with stable angina pectoris}, volume = {16}, issn = {0938-7994}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/f54447423m4476w2/}, doi = {10.1007/s00330-005-0041-0}, number = {3}, urldate = {2011-05-09}, journal = {European Radiology}, author = {Pugliese, Francesca and Mollet, Nico R. A. and Runza, Giuseppe and Mieghem, Carlos and Meijboom, Willem B. and Malagutti, Patrizia and Baks, Timo and Krestin, Gabriel P. and deFeyter, Pim J. and Cademartiri, Filippo}, month = nov, year = {2005}, pages = {575--582}, file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RFJ23362/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf;SpringerLink - European Radiology, Volume 16, Number 3:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MZ5J8FTG/f54447423m4476w2.html:text/html} } @article{donner-banzhoff_statins_2008, title = {Statins and primary prevention of cardiovascular events}, volume = {337}, issn = {1468-5833 (Electronic)}, journal = {British Medical Journal}, author = {Donner-Banzhoff, N. and Sonnichsen, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic}, pages = {a2576}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NCFM78X9/Donner.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kolandaivelu_cardiovascular_2009, title = {Cardiovascular magnetic resonance guided electrophysiology studies}, volume = {11}, issn = {1532-429X}, doi = {10.1186/1532-429X-11-21}, abstract = {Catheter ablation is a first line treatment for many cardiac arrhythmias and is generally performed under x-ray fluoroscopy guidance. However, current techniques for ablating complex arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia are associated with suboptimal success rates and prolonged radiation exposure. Pre-procedure 3D CMR has improved understanding of the anatomic basis of complex arrhythmias and is being used for planning and guidance of ablation procedures. A particular strength of CMR compared to other imaging modalities is the ability to visualize ablation lesions. Post-procedure CMR is now being applied to assess ablation lesion location and permanence with the goal of indentifying factors leading to procedure success and failure. In the future, intra-procedure real-time CMR, together with the ability to image complex 3-D arrhythmogenic anatomy and target additional ablation to regions of incomplete lesion formation, may allow for more successful treatment of even complex arrhythmias without exposure to ionizing radiation. Development of clinical grade CMR compatible electrophysiology devices is required to transition intra-procedure CMR from pre-clinical studies to more routine use in patients.}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance}, author = {Kolandaivelu, Aravindan and Lardo, Albert C. and Halperin, Henry R.}, year = {2009}, pmid = {19580654}, keywords = {Animals, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Catheter Ablation, Contrast Media, Electrocardiography, Equipment Design, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional, Predictive Value of Tests, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {21}, file = {1532-429X-11-21.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PNKTPSUV/1532-429X-11-21.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{knuth_mathematical_1988, address = {Stanford, CA, USA}, title = {Mathematical {Writing}}, publisher = {Department of Computer Science, Stanford University}, author = {Knuth, Donald Ervin and Larrabee, Tracy and Roberts, Paul M.}, year = {1988}, file = {mathwriting.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XKJ8E3KR/mathwriting.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{bosma_inherited_2003, title = {Inherited disorders of bilirubin metabolism}, volume = {38}, issn = {0168-8278 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Hepatology}, author = {Bosma, P. J.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Crigler-Najjar Syndrome/diagnosis/*genetics/therapy, Diagnosis, Differential, Genetic Techniques, Gilbert Disease/diagnosis/drug therapy/*genetics, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Mutation}, pages = {107--17}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PVVJVK54/Bosma-2003-Inherited disorders.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mcmanigle_bronchoscopy_1990, title = {Bronchoscopy in the management of bronchopleural fistula}, volume = {97}, issn = {0012-3692}, language = {eng}, number = {5}, journal = {Chest}, author = {McManigle, J. E. and Fletcher, G. L. and Tenholder, M. F.}, month = may, year = {1990}, pmid = {2331919}, keywords = {Bronchial Fistula, Bronchoscopy, Embolization, Therapeutic, Fistula, Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable, Humans, Pleural Diseases, Tissue Adhesives}, pages = {1235--1238}, file = {bronchopleuralFistula.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HJESF765/bronchopleuralFistula.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sohns_quantitative_2014, title = {Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging analysis of the relationship between contact force and left atrial scar formation after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {25}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, issn = {1540-8167}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jce.12298/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/jce.12298}, abstract = {Background Catheter contact force (CF) is an important determinant of radiofrequency (RF) lesion quality during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows good visualization of ablation lesions. Objective This study describes a new technique to examine the relationship between CF during RF delivery and LGE signal intensity (SI) following PVI. Methods Six patients underwent PVI for paroxysmal AF using a CF-sensing catheter and following preprocedural MRI. During ablation, CF-time integral (FTI) and position was documented for each RF application. All patients underwent repeat LGE MRI 3 months later. The LGE SIs were projected onto a MRI-derived 3-dimensional left atrial (LA) shell and a CF map was generated on the same shell. The entire LA surface was divided into 5 mm2 segments. Force and LGE maps were fused and compared for each 5 mm2 zone. An effective lesion was defined when MRI-defined scar occupied {\textgreater}90\% of a 5 mm2 analysis zone. Results Acute PVI was achieved in 100\%. Two hundred sixty-eight RF lesions were tagged on the LA shells and given a lesion-specific FTI. Increasing FTI correlated with increased LGE SI, which was greater when the FTI was {\textgreater} 1,200 gs. Below an FTI of 1,200 gs, an increment in the FTI resulted in only a small increment in scar, whereas above 1,200 gs an increment in the FTI resulted in a large change of scar. Conclusion There is a correlation between FTI and LGE SI in MRI following AF ablation. Real-time FTI maps are feasible and may prevent inadequate lesion formation.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Sohns, Christian and Karim, Rashed and Harrison, James and Arujuna, Aruna and Linton, Nick and Sennett, Richard and Lambert, Hendrik and Leo, Giovanni and Williams, Steven and Razavi, Reza and Wright, Matt and Schaeffter, Tobias and O'neill, Mark and Rhode, Kawal}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, contact force, left atrium, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, pulmonary vein isolation}, pages = {138--145}, file = {endosense_study.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CWNJ2EKX/endosense_study.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MEXUR7AG/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{kranzler_sertraline_2006, title = {Sertraline treatment of co-occurring alcohol dependence and major depression}, volume = {26}, issn = {0271-0749 (Print) 0271-0749 (Linking)}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology}, author = {Kranzler, H. R. and Mueller, T. and Cornelius, J. and Pettinati, H. M. and Moak, D. and Martin, P. R. and Anthenelli, R. and Brower, K. J. and O'Malley, S. and Mason, B. J. and Hasin, D. and Keller, M.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Adult, Alcoholism/complications/*drug therapy, Depressive Disorder, Major/complications/*drug therapy, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Sertraline/*therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {13--20}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HRJ2SG2B/SertralineEtOH.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{smeets_new_1998, title = {New method for nonfluoroscopic endocardial mapping in humans: {Accuracy} assessment and first clinical results}, volume = {97}, shorttitle = {New {Method} for {Nonfluoroscopic} {Endocardial} {Mapping} in {Humans}}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/97/24/2426}, abstract = {Background--Accurate mapping of the site of origin and activation sequence of a cardiac arrhythmia is essential for a successful catheter ablation procedure. To achieve this, precise and reproducible catheter manipulation is mandatory. The aim of this study was (1) to assess the accuracy of a new nonfluoroscopic mapping system in humans and (2) to report the first result of endocardial activation mapping with this system during sinus rhythm and several types of supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias. Methods and Results--Fifteen patients were studied. Accuracy measurements were performed in 5 of them (patients 5, 6, 7, 8, and 14). The distances between two subsequent catheter positions in the inferior caval vein as determined by the nonfluoroscopic mapping system were compared with measurements made with calipers by four independent investigators using identification marks on the catheter shaft. The difference between these two methods was 0.95\{+/-\}0.8 mm. In 15 patients, activation of the right atrium and/or the right or left ventricle was recorded during sinus rhythm. Three-dimensional activation maps were constructed in patients with atrial and ventricular tachycardias and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Conclusions--With this new nonfluoroscopic mapping technique, accurate positioning of the catheter tip is possible. A three-dimensional activation map can be reconstructed during sinus rhythm and during supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias of different compartments of the heart.}, number = {24}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Smeets, Joep L. R. M. and Ben-Haim, Shlomo A. and Rodriguez, Luz-Maria and Timmermans, Carl and Wellens, Hein J. J.}, month = jun, year = {1998}, pages = {2426--2432}, file = {2426.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XBF474HJ/2426.pdf:application/pdf;HighWire Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NTUK4JF5/2426.html:text/html} } @article{douglas_echocardiographic_1988, title = {Echocardiographic visualization of coronary artery anatomy in the adult}, volume = {11}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/073510978891532X}, doi = {10.1016/0735-1097(88)91532-X}, abstract = {In the light of technologic advances and the development of new imaging planes, the feasibility of two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization of coronary artery anatomy was reevaluated in the adult. Thirty-five subjects were studied using an ultrasonograph equipped with a 3.5 and 5.0 MHz annular array transducer, digital processing and cine loop review. There were 18 normal subjects and 17 patients with heart disease, including 9 patients with valvular, 5 patients with coronary, 2 patients with congenital and 1 patient with cardiomyopathic disease. The mean age was 47 {\textpm} 18 years (range 17 to 79). Modifications of standard parasternal and apical views permitted high quality images of portions of each of the major epicardial vessels adequate for assessment of luminal diameter. The left main coronary artery was seen in 30 (86\%) of the 35 subjects and its bifurcation was seen in 15. The left anterior descending coronary artery was seen in 30 subjects (mean length 3.9 {\textpm} 2.3 cm, maximal length 7.5), the left circumflex artery in 11 (1.1 {\textpm} 1.0, maximal 3.0) and the right coronary artery in 32 (5.6 {\textpm} 2.6, maximal 12). Proximal and mid portions of the left anterior descending artery were seen in 23 and 11 subjects, respectively. The average proximal length visualized was 4.2 cm, and the average luminal diameter visualized was 4.9 mm. The average length of the mid left anterior descending coronary artery seen was 1.9 cm and the average luminal diameter seen was 4.6 mm. The proximal right coronary artery was seen in 17 subjects (average visualized length 2.7 cm and average diameter 3.1 mm). Portions of the mid right coronary artery were seen in 24 subjects (average length 3.6 cm and average diameter 3.1 mm). An average of 2.9 cm of the distal right coronary artery was seen in 18 subjects (average diameter 2.7 mm). Septal or diagonal branches were seen in 11 (31\%) of the 35 subjects, a marginal branch in 1, the coronary sinus in all and smaller veins in 3. Coronary artery lesions were correctly identified in four of five subjects (two in the left anterior descending, one in the left main and one in the right coronary artery), but these were obscured in one subject by a calcified aortic valve. Improved instrumentation combined with new imaging techniques permits extensive visualization of the adult coronary vasculature. The clinical utility of this technique for the noninvasive evaluation of coronary artery disease remains to be determined.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-04-26}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Douglas, Pamela S. and Fiolkoski, John and Berko, Barbara and Reichek, Nathaniel}, month = mar, year = {1988}, pages = {565--571}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/A9HQQAWF/Douglas et al. - 1988 - Echocardiographic visualization of coronary artery.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IBIFCHK7/073510978891532X.html:text/html} } @article{dice_measures_1945, title = {Measures of the amount of ecologic association between species}, volume = {26}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 1945 Ecological Society of America}, issn = {0012-9658}, url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1932409}, doi = {10.2307/1932409}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-11-13}, journal = {Ecology}, author = {Dice, Lee R.}, month = jul, year = {1945}, pages = {297--302}, file = {JSTOR Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FZX3REUT/Dice - 1945 - Measures of the Amount of Ecologic Association Bet.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{koller_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271276}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Koller, M. T. and Bucher, H. C. and Steyerberg, E. W.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality/*prevention \& control, Cause of Death, C-Reactive Protein/metabolism, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Kaplan-Meiers Estimate, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Risk, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use}, pages = {1041; author reply 1041--2} } @article{mahnkopf_evaluation_2010, title = {Evaluation of the left atrial substrate in patients with lone atrial fibrillation using delayed-enhanced {MRI}: {Implications} for disease progression and response to catheter ablation}, volume = {7}, issn = {1556-3871}, shorttitle = {Evaluation of the left atrial substrate in patients with lone atrial fibrillation using delayed-enhanced {MRI}}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.06.030}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Lone atrial fibrillation (AF) is thought to be a benign type or an early stage of the disease. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to compare the left atrium (LA) substrate using delayed-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) in patients with lone AF versus those with comorbidities. METHODS: Forty of 333 included patients met criteria for lone AF. All patients underwent DE-MRI to quantify atrial fibrosis as a marker for structural remodeling (SRM) and underwent catheter ablation. Based on the degree of SRM, patients were staged into 4 groups: Utah I (<=5\% LA wall enhancement), Utah II ({\textgreater}5\% to <=20\%), Utah III ({\textgreater}20\% to <=35\%), or Utah IV ({\textgreater}35\%). RESULTS: Distribution in Utah I to IV was comparable in patients with lone AF and non-lone AF. In both groups, a number of patients showed extensive SRM. Mean enhancement (14.08 {\textpm} 8.94 vs. 16.94 {\textpm} 11.37) was not significantly different between the 2 groups (P = .0721). In the lone AF group, catheter ablation was successful in suppressing AF in all of Utah I, 81.82\% of Utah II, 62.5\% of Utah III, and none of Utah IV patients. Similar results were achieved in the non-lone AF group. Outcome after ablation was significantly dependent on the SRM of the LA (P {\textless} .001). CONCLUSION: The degree of LA structural remodeling as detected using DE-MRI is independent of AF type and associated comorbidities. Selecting appropriate treatment candidates based on the quality and quantity of atrial fibrosis using DE-MRI would improve procedural outcome and avoid unnecessary intervention.}, language = {eng}, number = {10}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Mahnkopf, Christian and Badger, Troy J. and Burgon, Nathan S. and Daccarett, Marcos and Haslam, Thomas S. and Badger, Christopher T. and McGann, Christopher J. and Akoum, Nazem and Kholmovski, Eugene and Macleod, Rob S. and Marrouche, Nassir F.}, month = oct, year = {2010}, pmid = {20601148}, keywords = {Adult, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, Contrast Media, Disease Progression, Female, Heart Atria, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged}, pages = {1475--1481}, file = {Mahnkopf.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GDIU5C2E/Mahnkopf.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{algeciras-schimnich_pharmacogenomics_2008, title = {Pharmacogenomics of tamoxifen and irinotecan therapies}, volume = {28}, issn = {1557-9832 (Electronic)}, number = {4}, journal = {Clinics in Laboratory Medicine}, author = {Algeciras-Schimnich, A. and O'Kane, D. J. and Snozek, C. L.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration \&, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration \&, Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/enzymology/genetics, Camptothecin/administration \& dosage/*analogs \&, Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy/enzymology/genetics, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6/*genetics, derivatives/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, dosage/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use, Female, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Tamoxifen/administration \& dosage/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {553--67}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GE5JHAGZ/aas08.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{tse_pulmonary_2003, title = {Pulmonary vein isolation using transvenous catheter cryoablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation without risk of pulmonary vein stenosis}, volume = {42}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00788-5}, doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00788-5}, abstract = {Objectives~ We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vein (PV) isolation using transvenous cryoablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).Background Although electrical isolation of PVs with radiofrequency energy for the treatment of AF is feasible, it is associated with a significant risk of PV stenosis. Cryoablation is a new alternative therapy allowing ablation of tissue while preserving its underlying architecture.Methods In 52 patients with paroxysmal (n = 45) or persistent (n = 7) AF, PV isolation using the CryoCor cryoablation system (CyroCor Inc., San Diego, California) with a 10F deflectable transvenous catheter was performed as guided by ostial PV potentials. Cryoablation was applied twice at each targeted site (2.5 to 5 min/application). Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax was performed at baseline and at 3 and 12 months to evaluate for PV stenosis.Results All targeted PVs were completely isolated in 49 (94\%) of 52 of patients. Of 152 PVs targeted, 147 (97\%) were successfully isolated (mean 3.0 PVs isolated per patient). After a mean period of 12.4 {\textpm} 5.5 months of follow-up, 37 (71\%) of 52 patients had no recurrence of AF or were clinically improved, including 29 patients (56\%) who had no recurrence of AF with (n = 11) or without the use of anti-arrhythmic drugs. At 3 and 12 months, the CT scan showed no evidence of PV stenosis associated with cryoablation in any patients.Conclusions Transvenous catheter cryoablation is an effective method to create PV electrical isolation for the treatment of AF. A clinically satisfactory result can be achieved in 71\% of patients with AF, without the risk of PV stenosis.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Tse, Hung-Fat and Reek, Sven and Timmermans, Carl and Lee, Kathy Lai-Fun and Geller, J.Christoph and Rodriguez, Luz-Maria and Ghaye, Benoit and Ayers, Gregory M. and Crijns, Harry J. G. M. and Klein, Helmut U. and Lau, Chu-Pak}, month = aug, year = {2003}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, catheter device, cryosurgery, induced ventricular tachycardia, posttreatment followup, pulmonary vein ablation, pulmonary vein stenosis}, pages = {752--758}, file = {07885.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QXDAB8ER/07885.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{myers_exercise_2002, title = {Exercise capacity and mortality among men referred for exercise testing}, volume = {346}, number = {11}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Myers, Jonathan and Prakash, Manish and Froelicher, Victor and Do, Dat and Partington, Sara and Atwood, J. Edwin}, year = {2002}, pages = {793--801}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QCAKK6TX/Myers MenExerciseTest.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{jolliffe_principal_2013, address = {New York}, edition = {2nd}, title = {Principal {Component} {Analysis}}, isbn = {9781441929990}, abstract = {The first edition of this book was the first comprehensive text written solely on principal component analysis. The second edition updates and substantially expands the original version, and is once again the definitive text on the subject. It includes core material, current research and a wide range of applications. Its length is nearly double that of the first edition.}, language = {English}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Jolliffe, I. T.}, month = oct, year = {2013} } @incollection{gagliardi_computed_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Computed tomography}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Evens, Ronald G.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {403--411}, file = {RCI_D_c16.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DK64R5EI/RCI_D_c16.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{yang_3d_2008, address = {Anchorage, AK, USA}, title = {3D ultrasound tracking of the left ventricle using one-step forward prediction and data fusion of collaborative trackers}, isbn = {978-1-4244-2242-5}, doi = {10.1109/CVPR.2008.4587518}, abstract = {Tracking the left ventricle (LV) in 3D ultrasound data is a challenging task because of the poor image quality and speed requirements. Many previous algorithms applied standard 2D tracking methods to tackle the 3D problem. However, the performance is limited due to increased data size, landmarks ambiguity, signal drop-out or non-rigid deformation. In this paper we present a robust, fast and accurate 3D LV tracking algorithm. We propose a novel one-step forward prediction to generate the motion prior using motion manifold learning, and introduce two collaborative trackers to achieve both temporal consistency and failure recovery. Compared with tracking by detection and 3D optical flow, our algorithm provides the best results and sub-voxel accuracy. The new tracking algorithm is completely automatic and computationally efficient. It requires less than 1.5 seconds to process a 3D volume which contains 4,925,440 voxels.}, language = {English}, booktitle = {{IEEE} {Conference} on {Computer} {Vision} and {Pattern} {Recognition}}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Yang, Lin and Georgescu, Bogdan and Zheng, Yefeng and Meer, Peter and Comaniciu, Dorin}, month = jun, year = {2008}, keywords = {2D tracking methods, 3D optical flow, 3D ultrasound tracking, biomedical ultrasonics, Cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular system, Collaboration, collaborative trackers, data fusion, Data systems, distributed tracking, failure recovery, Heart, image fusion, image motion analysis, Image quality, image segmentation, image sequences, learning (artificial intelligence), Left ventricle, medical image processing, motion manifold learning, one-step forward prediction, Robustness, Shape, temporal consistency, Tracking, Ultrasonic imaging}, pages = {1--8}, file = {IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IMVMQHTE/Lin Yang et al. - 2008 - 3D ultrasound tracking of the left ventricle using.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zou_statistical_2004, title = {Statistical validation of image segmentation quality based on a spatial overlap index}, volume = {11}, issn = {1076-6332}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1415224/}, doi = {10.1016/S1076-6332(03)00671-8}, abstract = {Rationale and Objectives To examine a statistical validation method based on the spatial overlap between two sets of segmentations of the same anatomy. Materials and Methods The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used as a statistical validation metric to evaluate the performance of both the reproducibility of manual segmentations and the spatial overlap accuracy of automated probabilistic fractional segmentation of MR images, illustrated on two clinical examples. Example 1: 10 consecutive cases of prostate brachytherapy patients underwent both preoperative 1.5T and intraoperative 0.5T MR imaging. For each case, 5 repeated manual segmentations of the prostate peripheral zone were performed separately on preoperative and on intraoperative images. Example 2: A semi-automated probabilistic fractional segmentation algorithm was applied to MR imaging of 9 cases with 3 types of brain tumors. DSC values were computed and logit-transformed values were compared in the mean with the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Example 1: The mean DSCs of 0.883 (range, 0.876{\textendash}0.893) with 1.5T preoperative MRI and 0.838 (range, 0.819{\textendash}0.852) with 0.5T intraoperative MRI (P {\textless} .001) were within and at the margin of the range of good reproducibility, respectively. Example 2: Wide ranges of DSC were observed in brain tumor segmentations: Meningiomas (0.519{\textendash}0.893), astrocytomas (0.487{\textendash}0.972), and other mixed gliomas (0.490{\textendash}0.899). Conclusion The DSC value is a simple and useful summary measure of spatial overlap, which can be applied to studies of reproducibility and accuracy in image segmentation. We observed generally satisfactory but variable validation results in two clinical applications. This metric may be adapted for similar validation tasks.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-11-13}, journal = {Academic Radiology}, author = {Zou, Kelly H. and Warfield, Simon K. and Bharatha, Aditya and Tempany, Clare M. C. and Kaus, Michael R. and Haker, Steven J. and Wells, William M. and Jolesz, Ferenc A. and Kikinis, Ron}, month = feb, year = {2004}, pmid = {14974593}, pmcid = {PMC1415224}, pages = {178--189}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2VJ22M44/Zou et al. - 2004 - Statistical Validation of Image Segmentation Quali.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{oostveen_forced_2003, title = {The forced oscillation technique in clinical practice: {Methodology}, recommendations and future developments}, volume = {22}, issn = {0903-1936 (Print) 0903-1936 (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {European Respiratory Journal}, author = {Oostveen, E. and MacLeod, D. and Lorino, H. and Farre, R. and Hantos, Z. and Desager, K. and Marchal, F.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Bronchi/physiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Lung Diseases/physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Oscillometry/*methods, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Respiratory Function Tests/*methods, Respiratory Mechanics/*physiology}, pages = {1026--41}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AU29WKSF/Forced Osc.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{innocenti_genetic_2004, title = {Genetic variants in the {UDP}-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 gene predict the risk of severe neutropenia of irinotecan}, volume = {22}, issn = {0732-183X (Print)}, number = {8}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author = {Innocenti, F. and Undevia, S. D. and Iyer, L. and Chen, P. X. and Das, S. and Kocherginsky, M. and Karrison, T. and Janisch, L. and Ramirez, J. and Rudin, C. M. and Vokes, E. E. and Ratain, M. J.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*adverse effects, Bilirubin/metabolism, Camptothecin/*adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives, DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/*antagonists \& inhibitors, Female, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Male, Neutropenia/*chemically induced, Prospective Studies, Risk}, pages = {1382--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8G54ADKW/Innocenti-2004-Genetic variants in.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{aletras_dense_2005, title = {{DENSE} with {SENSE}}, volume = {176}, issn = {1090-7807}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance}, author = {Aletras, Anthony H. and Ingkanisorn, W. Patricia and Mancini, Christine and Arai, Andrew E.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Cardiac, Contraction, DENSE, Function, HARP, Heart, MRI, Myocardial, SPAMM, Strain, Tagging}, pages = {99--106}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PU373CX2/Aletras DENSE_SENSE.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{silva_meta-analysis_2007, title = {Meta-analysis of drug-induced adverse events associated with intensive-dose statin therapy}, volume = {29}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {2}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Silva, M. and Matthews, M. L. and Jarvis, C. and Nolan, N. M. and Belliveau, P. and Malloy, M. and Gandhi, P.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Anticholesteremic Agents/administration \& dosage/*adverse, Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention \& control, dosage/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, effects/therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration \&, Hypercholesterolemia/*drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors}, pages = {253--60}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BQ4A4VB3/Silva-2007-Meta-analysis of dru.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{leeson_cardiovascular_2006, title = {Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging for non-invasive assessment of vascular function: {Validation} against ultrasound}, volume = {8}, issn = {1097-6647}, shorttitle = {Cardiovascular {Magnetic} {Resonance} {Imaging} for {Non}-{Invasive} {Assessment} of {Vascular} {Function}}, url = {http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10976640500526993}, doi = {10.1080/10976640500526993}, abstract = {Ultrasound is an established modality for quantification of vascular function in clinical studies of cardiovascular disease. We determined whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) can provide a comparable assessment of vascular function. In seventeen control subjects, we used CMR to quantify endothelium-dependent (flow mediated dilatation, FMD) and endothelium-independent dilatation of the brachial artery, brachial and carotid distensibility, aortic compliance, and pulse wave velocity. These were compared to brachial and carotid measurements obtained by established ultrasound protocols. Twelve of the volunteers then underwent repeated measurements with both modalities. There was good agreement between imaging modalities for measures of endothelial function and arterial structure in the same subjects (difference between CMR and ultrasound for FMD = 0.14 {\textpm} 6.8\%, and brachial artery area = - 0.7 {\textpm} 2.2 mm2, correlation between modalities for FMD = 0.62, p = 0.01 and for area = 0.87, p = {\textless} 0.0001). Inter-study reproducibility was also similar (coefficient of variation (CV) for FMD: CMR = 0.3, ultrasound = 0.3, CV for brachial artery area: CMR = 0.1, ultrasound = 0.1). Comparability and reproducibility were not as strong for functional measures if repeated studies were several days apart (CV for FMD by ultrasound on the same day = 0.1 and several days apart = 0.4). CMR and ultrasound show good agreement for quantitative measures of vascular structure and function with good reproducibility for both modalities. The major advantage of CMR is that it allows one-stop integrated assessment of both peripheral and central measures of vascular function.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance}, author = {Leeson, C. P. and Robinson, M. and Francis, J. M. and Robson, M. D. and Channon, K. M. and Neubauer, S. and Wiesmann, F.}, month = jan, year = {2006}, pages = {381--387}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CJQ9K774/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5QJQI587/10976640500526993.html:text/html} } @article{zhou_effectiveness_2005, title = {Effectiveness of statins for secondary prevention in elderly patients after acute myocardial infarction: {An} evaluation of class effect}, volume = {172}, issn = {1488-2329 (Electronic)}, number = {9}, journal = {Canadian Medical Association Journal}, author = {Zhou, Z. and Rahme, E. and Abrahamowicz, M. and Tu, J. V. and Eisenberg, M. J. and Humphries, K. and Austin, P. C. and Pilote, L.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Aged, Cohort Studies, dosage/*therapeutic use, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/therapeutic use, Female, Heptanoic Acids/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration \&, Indoles/therapeutic use, Lovastatin/therapeutic use, Male, Mortality, Myocardial Infarction/*drug therapy/prevention \& control, Patient Compliance, Pravastatin/therapeutic use, Proportional Hazards Models, Pyrroles/therapeutic use, Recurrence/prevention \& control, Retrospective Studies, Simvastatin/therapeutic use, Survival Analysis}, pages = {1187--94}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3CUTBIT7/Zhou-2005-Effectiveness of sta.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{robertson_intelligent_1968, address = {Baltimore, MD, USA and Manchester, UK}, title = {Intelligent machinery}, language = {en}, booktitle = {Cybernetics: {Key} {Papers}}, publisher = {University Park Press}, author = {Turing, Alan}, editor = {Robertson, A. D. J. and Evans, C. R.}, year = {1968} } @article{ruff_comparison_2014, title = {Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: {A} meta-analysis of randomised trials}, volume = {383}, issn = {0140-6736}, shorttitle = {Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673613623430}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62343-0}, abstract = {Background Four new oral anticoagulants compare favourably with warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation; however, the balance between efficacy and safety in subgroups needs better definition. We aimed to assess the relative benefit of new oral anticoagulants in key subgroups, and the effects on important secondary outcomes. Methods We searched Medline from Jan 1, 2009, to Nov 19, 2013, limiting searches to phase 3, randomised trials of patients with atrial fibrillation who were randomised to receive new oral anticoagulants or warfarin, and trials in which both efficacy and safety outcomes were reported. We did a prespecified meta-analysis of all 71 683 participants included in the RE-LY, ROCKET AF, ARISTOTLE, and ENGAGE AF{\textendash}TIMI 48 trials. The main outcomes were stroke and systemic embolic events, ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, major bleeding, intracranial haemorrhage, and gastrointestinal bleeding. We calculated relative risks (RRs) and 95\% CIs for each outcome. We did subgroup analyses to assess whether differences in patient and trial characteristics affected outcomes. We used a random-effects model to compare pooled outcomes and tested for heterogeneity. Findings 42 411 participants received a new oral anticoagulant and 29 272 participants received warfarin. New oral anticoagulants significantly reduced stroke or systemic embolic events by 19\% compared with warfarin (RR 0{\textperiodcentered}81, 95\% CI 0{\textperiodcentered}73{\textendash}0{\textperiodcentered}91; p\<0{\textperiodcentered}0001), mainly driven by a reduction in haemorrhagic stroke (0{\textperiodcentered}49, 0{\textperiodcentered}38{\textendash}0{\textperiodcentered}64; p\<0{\textperiodcentered}0001). New oral anticoagulants also significantly reduced all-cause mortality (0{\textperiodcentered}90, 0{\textperiodcentered}85{\textendash}0{\textperiodcentered}95; p=0{\textperiodcentered}0003) and intracranial haemorrhage (0{\textperiodcentered}48, 0{\textperiodcentered}39{\textendash}0{\textperiodcentered}59; p\<0{\textperiodcentered}0001), but increased gastrointestinal bleeding (1{\textperiodcentered}25, 1{\textperiodcentered}01{\textendash}1{\textperiodcentered}55; p=0{\textperiodcentered}04). We noted no heterogeneity for stroke or systemic embolic events in important subgroups, but there was a greater relative reduction in major bleeding with new oral anticoagulants when the centre-based time in therapeutic range was less than 66\% than when it was 66\% or more (0{\textperiodcentered}69, 0{\textperiodcentered}59{\textendash}0{\textperiodcentered}81 vs 0{\textperiodcentered}93, 0{\textperiodcentered}76{\textendash}1{\textperiodcentered}13; p for interaction 0{\textperiodcentered}022). Low-dose new oral anticoagulant regimens showed similar overall reductions in stroke or systemic embolic events to warfarin (1{\textperiodcentered}03, 0{\textperiodcentered}84{\textendash}1{\textperiodcentered}27; p=0{\textperiodcentered}74), and a more favourable bleeding profile (0{\textperiodcentered}65, 0{\textperiodcentered}43{\textendash}1{\textperiodcentered}00; p=0{\textperiodcentered}05), but significantly more ischaemic strokes (1{\textperiodcentered}28, 1{\textperiodcentered}02{\textendash}1{\textperiodcentered}60; p=0{\textperiodcentered}045). Interpretation This meta-analysis is the first to include data for all four new oral anticoagulants studied in the pivotal phase 3 clinical trials for stroke prevention or systemic embolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. New oral anticoagulants had a favourable risk{\textendash}benefit profile, with significant reductions in stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, and mortality, and with similar major bleeding as for warfarin, but increased gastrointestinal bleeding. The relative efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants was consistent across a wide range of patients. Our findings offer clinicians a more comprehensive picture of the new oral anticoagulants as a therapeutic option to reduce the risk of stroke in this patient population. Funding None.}, number = {9921}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Ruff, Christian T. and Giugliano, Robert P. and Braunwald, Eugene and Hoffman, Elaine B. and Deenadayalu, Naveen and Ezekowitz, Michael D. and Camm, A. John and Weitz, Jeffrey I. and Lewis, Basil S. and Parkhomenko, Alexander and Yamashita, Takeshi and Antman, Elliott M.}, month = mar, year = {2014}, pages = {955--962}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X99B33EF/Ruff et al. - 2014 - Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7RZRTWQE/S0140673613623430.html:text/html} } @article{winokur_comparative_2003, title = {Comparative effects of mirtazapine and fluoxetine on sleep physiology measures in patients with major depression and insomnia}, volume = {64}, issn = {0160-6689 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=14658972}, number = {10}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Winokur, A. and DeMartinis, N. A. and McNally, D. P. and Gary, E. M. and Cormier, J. L. and Gary, K. A.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {*Polysomnography, Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder, Major/*drug therapy, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Fluoxetine/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Mianserin/administration \& dosage/*analogs \& derivatives/*therapeutic use, Middle Aged, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*drug therapy, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1224--9} } @article{linguraru_statistical_2007, title = {Statistical segmentation of surgical instruments in 3-{D} ultrasound images}, volume = {33}, issn = {0301-5629}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17521802}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.03.003}, abstract = {The recent development of real-time 3-D ultrasound (US) enables intracardiac beating-heart procedures, but the distorted appearance of surgical instruments is a major challenge to surgeons. In addition, tissue and instruments have similar gray levels in US images and the interface between instruments and tissue is poorly defined. We present an algorithm that automatically estimates instrument location in intracardiac procedures. Expert-segmented images are used to initialize the statistical distributions of blood, tissue and instruments. Voxels are labeled through an iterative expectation-maximization algorithm using information from the neighboring voxels through a smoothing kernel. Once the three classes of voxels are separated, additional neighboring information is combined with the known shape characteristics of instruments to correct for misclassifications. We analyze the major axis of segmented data through their principal components and refine the results by a watershed transform, which corrects the results at the contact between instrument and tissue. We present results on 3-D in-vitro data from a tank trial and 3-D in-vivo data from cardiac interventions on porcine beating hearts, using instruments of four types of materials. The comparison of algorithm results to expert-annotated images shows the correct segmentation and position of the instrument shaft.}, number = {9}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {Ultrasound in Medicine \& Biology}, author = {Linguraru, Marius George and Vasilyev, Nikolay V. and Del Nido, Pedro J. and Howe, Robert D.}, month = sep, year = {2007}, pmid = {17521802}, keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Principal Component Analysis, Surgical Instruments, Swine}, pages = {1428--1437}, file = {USMedBio2007.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9PEEWU37/USMedBio2007.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mccormack_role_2009, title = {The role of genetic testing in paediatric syndromes of sudden death: {State} of the art and future considerations}, volume = {19 Suppl 2}, issn = {1467-1107 (Electronic) 1047-9511 (Linking)}, journal = {Cardiology in the Young}, author = {McCormack, J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Genetic Testing/methods/trends, Adolescent, Brugada Syndrome/complications/genetics, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications/genetics/pathology, Child, Child, Preschool, Death, Sudden/*etiology/pathology, Diagnosis, Differential, Heart Diseases/complications/*genetics/pathology, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Long QT Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/genetics, Sudden Infant Death/genetics/pathology, Tachycardia, Ventricular/complications/genetics}, pages = {54--65}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G9ZEF8WZ/genet-arrhy.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{schneider_mitral_2010, title = {Mitral annulus segmentation from 3D ultrasound using graph cuts}, volume = {29}, issn = {1558-0062}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20562042}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2010.2050595}, abstract = {The shape of the mitral valve annulus is used in diagnostic and modeling applications, yet methods to accurately and reproducibly delineate the annulus are limited. This paper presents a mitral annulus segmentation algorithm designed for closed mitral valves which locates the annulus in three-dimensional ultrasound using only a single user-specified point near the center of the valve. The algorithm first constructs a surface at the location of the thin leaflets, and then locates the annulus by finding where the thin leaflet tissue meets the thicker heart wall. The algorithm iterates until convergence metrics are satisfied, resulting in an operator-independent mitral annulus segmentation. The accuracy of the algorithm was assessed from both a diagnostic and surgical standpoint by comparing the algorithm's results to delineations made by a group of experts on clinical ultrasound images of the mitral valve, and to delineations made by an expert with a surgical view of the mitral annulus on excised porcine hearts using an electromagnetically tracked pointer. In the former study, the algorithm was statistically indistinguishable from the best performing expert (p=0.85) and had an average RMS difference of 1.81+/-0.78 mm to the expert average. In the latter, the average RMS difference between the algorithm's annulus and the electromagnetically tracked points across six hearts was 1.19+/-0.17 mm .}, number = {9}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Schneider, Robert J and Perrin, Douglas P. and Vasilyev, Nikolay V. and Marx, Gerald R. and del Nido, Pedro J. and Howe, Robert D.}, month = sep, year = {2010}, pmid = {20562042}, pages = {1676--1687}, file = {Schneider_TMI2010_MV_Segmentation.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZKA65FV5/Schneider_TMI2010_MV_Segmentation.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{feinberg_magnetic_1985, title = {Magnetic resonance imaging the velocity vector components of fluid flow}, volume = {2}, issn = {1522-2594}, number = {6}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Feinberg, David A. and Crooks, Lawrence E. and Sheldon, Phillip and Iii, John Hoenninger and Watts, Jeffrey and Arakawa, Mitsuaki}, year = {1985}, pages = {555--566}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G9GS4AAS/Feinberg FluidFlow.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{van_gelder_lenient_2010, title = {Lenient versus strict rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation}, volume = {362}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1001337}, doi = {10.1056/NEJMoa1001337}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation is not a benign condition.1 It may cause symptoms and is associated with stroke and heart failure. Previous studies have established that the rates of complications and death were similar in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving rate-control therapy and in those receiving rhythm-control therapy.2,3 Therefore, rate control has become front-line therapy in the management of atrial fibrillation. The optimal level of heart-rate control, however, is unknown, as is whether strict rate control is associated with an improved prognosis as compared with a more lenient approach.2{\textendash}6 Guidelines, though empirical and not evidence-based, recommend the use of strict . . .}, number = {15}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Van Gelder, Isabelle C. and Groenveld, Hessel F. and Crijns, Harry J.G.M. and Tuininga, Ype S. and Tijssen, Jan G. P. and Alings, A. Marco and Hillege, Hans L. and Bergsma-Kadijk, Johanna A. and Cornel, Jan H. and Kamp, Otto and Tukkie, Raymond and Bosker, Hans A. and Van Veldhuisen, Dirk J. and Van den Berg, Maarten P.}, month = apr, year = {2010}, pmid = {20231232}, pages = {1363--1373}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3H859NN5/Van Gelder et al. - 2010 - Lenient versus Strict Rate Control in Patients wit.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JME35DCQ/NEJMoa1001337.html:text/html} } @article{benezet-mazuecos_silent_2014, title = {Silent ischaemic brain lesions related to atrial high rate episodes in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices}, copyright = {Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. {\textcopyright} The Author 2014. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.}, issn = {1099-5129, 1532-2092}, url = {http://europace.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/10/12/europace.euu267}, doi = {10.1093/europace/euu267}, abstract = {Aims Monitoring capabilities of cardiac implantable electronic devices have revealed that a large proportion of patients present silent atrial fibrillation (AF) detected as atrial high rate episodes (AHREs). Atrial high rate episodes {\textgreater}5 min have been linked to increased risk of clinical stroke, but a high proportion of ischaemic brain lesions (IBLs) could be subclinical. Methods and results We prospectively analysed the incidence of AHRE {\textgreater} 5 min in 109 patients (56\% men, aged 74 {\textpm} 9 years) and the presence of silent IBL on computed tomography (CT) scan. Mean CHADS2 and CHA2DS2VASc scores were 2.3 {\textpm} 1.3 and 3.9 {\textpm} 1.6, respectively. Seventy-five patients (69\%) had no history of AF or stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA). After 12 months, 28 patients (25.7\%) showed at least one AHRE. Patients with AHREs were more likely to have history of AF. Computed tomography scan showed silent IBL in 28 (25.7\%). The presence of IBL was significantly related to older patients, prior history of AF or stroke/TIA, higher CHADS2 or CHA2DS2VASc scores, and the presence of AHRE. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that AHRE was an independent predictor for silent IBL in overall population [hazard ratio (HR) 3.05 (1.06{\textendash}8.81; P {\textless} 0.05)] but also in patients without prior history of AF or stroke/TIA [HR 9.76 (1.76{\textendash}54.07; P {\textless} 0.05)]. Conclusion Cardiac implantable electronic devices can accurately detect AF as AHRE. Atrial high rate episodes were associated to a higher incidence of silent IBL on CT scan. Atrial high rate episodes represent a kind of silent AF where management recommendations are lacking despite the fact that a higher embolic risk is present.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Europace}, author = {Benezet-Mazuecos, Juan and Rubio, Jos{\'e} Manuel and Cort{\'e}s, Marcelino and Iglesias, Jos{\'e} Antonio and Calle, Soraya and de la Vieja, Juan Jos{\'e} and Qui{\~n}ones, Miguel Angel and Sanchez-Borque, Pepa and de la Cruz, Elena and Espejo, Adriana and Farr{\'e}, Jer{\'o}nimo}, month = oct, year = {2014}, pmid = {25336664}, note = {Aims Monitoring capabilities of cardiac implantable electronic devices have revealed that a large proportion of patients present silent atrial fibrillation (AF) detected as atrial high rate episodes (AHREs). Atrial high rate episodes {\textgreater}5 min have been linked to increased risk of clinical stroke, but a high proportion of ischaemic brain lesions (IBLs) could be subclinical. Methods and results We prospectively analysed the incidence of AHRE {\textgreater} 5 min in 109 patients (56\% men, aged 74 {\textpm} 9 years) and the presence of silent IBL on computed tomography (CT) scan. Mean CHADS2 and CHA2DS2VASc scores were 2.3 {\textpm} 1.3 and 3.9 {\textpm} 1.6, respectively. Seventy-five patients (69\%) had no history of AF or stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA). After 12 months, 28 patients (25.7\%) showed at least one AHRE. Patients with AHREs were more likely to have history of AF. Computed tomography scan showed silent IBL in 28 (25.7\%). The presence of IBL was significantly related to older patients, prior history of AF or stroke/TIA, higher CHADS2 or CHA2DS2VASc scores, and the presence of AHRE. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that AHRE was an independent predictor for silent IBL in overall population [hazard ratio (HR) 3.05 (1.06{\textendash}8.81; P {\textless} 0.05)] but also in patients without prior history of AF or stroke/TIA [HR 9.76 (1.76{\textendash}54.07; P {\textless} 0.05)]. Conclusion Cardiac implantable electronic devices can accurately detect AF as AHRE. Atrial high rate episodes were associated to a higher incidence of silent IBL on CT scan. Atrial high rate episodes represent a kind of silent AF where management recommendations are lacking despite the fact that a higher embolic risk is present.}, pages = {euu267}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/34VA9258/europace.euu267.html:text/html} } @article{mary_pharmacotherapy_2008, title = {The pharmacotherapy of chronic pain}, volume = {34}, issn = {0889-857X}, number = {2}, journal = {Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America}, author = {Mary, E. Lynch}, year = {2008}, pages = {369--385}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EEGK66MG/Chronic.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{bax_non-invasive_2015, title = {Non-invasive imaging in atrial fibrillation: {Focus} on prognosis and catheter ablation}, volume = {101}, issn = {, 1468-201X}, shorttitle = {Non-invasive imaging in atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/101/2/94}, doi = {10.1136/heartjnl-2013-305150}, abstract = {Imaging identifies patients with high-risk phenotype among the general population with atrial fibrillation, such as the presence of structural and valvular heart disease, which are both related to adverse outcome. Imaging is also potentially important for prediction of success of catheter ablation. Specifically, patients with larger left atrial size, reduced left atrial function and increased left atrial fibrosis content are more likely to experience atrial fibrillation recurrences after ablation. Routine and advanced echocardiographic imaging techniques and multi-detector row computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can provide detailed information. Currently, imaging techniques are not able to predict success on an individual basis, but it does permit identification of patients with high versus low risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence after ablation. Finally, imaging can be performed after ablation to demonstrate beneficial effects of restoration of sinus rhythm, including left atrial reverse remodelling and improvement in left atrial or ventricular function. All these issues are discussed in the current review.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2015-01-13}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Bax, Jeroen J. and Marsan, Nina Ajmone and Delgado, Victoria}, month = jan, year = {2015}, pmid = {25412729}, pages = {94--100}, file = {94.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M8G8GCUU/94.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S73UNG3S/94.html:text/html} } @article{kim_diagnosis_1999, title = {Diagnosis of suspected coronary artery disease in women: {A} cost-effectiveness analysis}, volume = {137}, issn = {0002-8703}, number = {6}, journal = {American Heart Journal}, author = {Kim, Catherine and Kwok, Yeong S. and Saha, Somnath and Redberg, Rita F.}, year = {1999}, pages = {1019--1027}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GHZS4VBA/Kim CADDxWomen.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{manning_impaired_1994, title = {Impaired left atrial mechanical function after cardioversion: {Relation} to the duration of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {23}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Impaired left atrial mechanical function after cardioversion}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0735109794906521}, doi = {10.1016/0735-1097(94)90652-1}, abstract = {Objectives. We hypothesized that the time course of the recovery of atrial systolic function may be related to the duration of atrial fibrillation before cardioversion and sought to study noninvesively the recovery of left atrial mechanical function utilizing serial transthoracic Doppler studies. Background. Recovery of atrial mechanical function may be delayed for several weeks after successful cardioversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. Methods. After successful cardioversion, 60 patients with atrial fibrillation of brief (<=2 week, 17 patients), moderate (\>2 to 6 weeks, 22 patients) or prolonged (\>6 weeks, 21 patients) duration were followed up with serial transmitral pulsed Doppler echocardiography immediately (60 patients) and at 24 h (45 patients), 1 week (41 patients), 1 month (31 patients) and \>3 months (30 patients) after cardioversion. Results. Atrial mechanical function is greater immediately and at 24 h and 1 week after cardioversion in patients with {\textquotedblleft}brief{\textquotedblright} compared with {\textquotedblleft}prolonged{\textquotedblright} atrial fibrillation. In all groups, atrial mechanical function increases over time, ultimately achieving similar levels. Full recovery of atrial mechanical function, however, is achieved within 24 h in patients with brief atrial fibrillation, within 1 week in patients with moderate-duration atrial fibrillation and within 1 month in patients with prolonged atrial fibrillation. Conclusions. Recovery of left atrial mechanical function is related to the duration of atrial fibrillation before cardioversion. These findings have important implications for assessing the early hemodynamic benefit of successful cardioversion.}, number = {7}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Manning, Warren J. and Silverman, David I. and Katz, Sarah E. and Riley, Marilyn F. and Come, Patricia C. and Doherty, Rosalie M. and Munson, Jiyl T. and Douglas, Pamela S.}, month = jun, year = {1994}, pages = {1535--1540}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QSQBXSG9/Manning et al. - 1994 - Impaired left atrial mechanical function after car.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CNUCFZFP/0735109794906521.html:text/html} } @article{schneider_epidermal_2008, title = {Epidermal growth factor receptor-related tumor markers and clinical outcomes with erlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer: {An} analysis of patients from german centers in the {TRUST} study}, volume = {3}, issn = {1556-1380 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19057271}, number = {12}, journal = {Journal of Thoracic Oncology}, author = {Schneider, C. P. and Heigener, D. and Schott-von-Romer, K. and Gutz, S. and Laack, E. and Digel, W. and Guschall, W. R. and Franke, A. and Bodenstein, H. and Schmidtgen, C. and Reck, M.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy/genetics/metabolism, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy/genetics/*metabolism, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy/genetics/metabolism, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Gene Dosage, Germany, Humans, Immunoenzyme Techniques, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics/*metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism, Mutation/genetics, Phosphorylation, Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Quinazolines/*therapeutic use, ras Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/*genetics/*metabolism, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Tumor Markers, Biological/genetics/*metabolism}, pages = {1446--53} } @article{edler_ultrasonic_1957, title = {Ultrasonic cardiogram in mitral stenosis}, volume = {159}, copyright = {1957 Association for the Publication of the Journal of Internal Medicine}, issn = {0954-6820}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1957.tb00109.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/j.0954-6820.1957.tb00109.x}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Acta Medica Scandinavica}, author = {Edler, Inge and Gustafson, Arne}, year = {1957}, pages = {85--90}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RMCB7KWW/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{appelbaum_left_2014, title = {Left atrial fibrosis by late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance predicts recurrence of atrial fibrillation after pulmonary vein isolation: {Do} you see what {I} see?}, volume = {7}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/7/1/2}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.114.001354}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-08-22}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Appelbaum, Evan and Manning, Warren J.}, month = feb, year = {2014}, pmid = {24550404}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Editorials, fibrosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, pages = {2--4}, file = {2.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/93KXXVD7/2.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XQ3XP2P9/2.html:text/html} } @article{luengo_hendriks_generalized_2005, title = {The generalized {Radon} transform: {Sampling}, accuracy and memory considerations}, volume = {38}, issn = {0031-3203}, shorttitle = {The generalized {Radon} transform}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V14-4GNKR7C-3/2/a140b9919eed35c896f862ef2c740394}, doi = {10.1016/j.patcog.2005.04.018}, abstract = {The generalized Radon (or Hough) transform is a well-known tool for detecting parameterized shapes in an image. The Radon transform is a mapping between the image space and a parameter space. The coordinates of a point in the latter correspond to the parameters of a shape in the image. The amplitude at that point corresponds to the amount of evidence for that shape. In this paper we discuss three important aspects of the Radon transform. The first aspect is discretization. Using concepts from sampling theory we derive a set of sampling criteria for the generalized Radon transform. The second aspect is accuracy. For the specific case of the Radon transform for spheres, we examine how well the location of the maxima matches the true parameters. We derive a correction term to reduce the bias in the estimated radii. The third aspect concerns a projection-based algorithm to reduce memory requirements.}, number = {12}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, journal = {Pattern Recognition}, author = {Luengo Hendriks, Cris L. and van Ginkel, Michael and Verbeek, Piet W. and van Vliet, Lucas J.}, month = dec, year = {2005}, keywords = {Efficient implementation, Error estimation, Hough transform, Image analysis, Multi-dimensional image, Parameterized shape detection, Radon transform}, pages = {2494--2505}, file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JAT5ZRXZ/science.html:text/html;science.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PG5IKETK/science.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{castillo_bifocal_1971, title = {Bifocal demand pacing}, volume = {59}, issn = {0012-3692}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.59.4.360}, doi = {10.1378/chest.59.4.360}, abstract = {Transient pervenous bifocal (sequential atrioventricular) demand pacing was performed in ten patients. Six had chronic conducting system disease and four acute myocardial infarction. The control electrocardiograms showed different degrees of coexisting, alternating or intermittent sinoatrial slowing and AV block. This modality of electrical stimulation was achieved by the combination of QRS- inhibited ventricular demand pacing with QRS-inhibited atrial demand stimulation. In the presence of atrial bradycardia and normal AV conduction only the atria were stimulated. When sinus slowing was associated with AV block, both atria and ventricles were paced. A double electrode system was required for the restoration of AV synchronization. Consistent atrial capture was achieved by means of a J-shaped endocardial bipolar electrode. Permanent bifocal demand pacing has also been used in three patients with satisfactory results. Although both the concept and applicability of bifocal demand pacing were proved, further studies are required to assess the optimal AV sequential interval as well as the long-term electrical reliability and hemodynamics benefits.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Chest}, author = {Castillo, Cesar A. and Berkovits, Barouh V. and Castellanos Jr., Agustin and Lemberg, Louis and Callard, George and Jude, James R.}, month = apr, year = {1971}, pages = {360--364}, file = {360.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PK2EK89B/360.pdf:application/pdf;Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D88NTGKM/Castillo et al. - 1971 - BIfocal demand pacing.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nakahara_characterization_2010, title = {Characterization of the arrhythmogenic substrate in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy implications for catheter ablation of hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia}, volume = {55}, issn = {1558-3597}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.041}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics and prevalence of late potentials (LP) in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) etiologies and evaluate their value as targets for catheter ablation. BACKGROUND: LP are frequently found in post-myocardial infarction scars and are useful ablation targets. The relative prevalence and characteristics of LP in patients with NICM is not well understood. METHODS: Thirty-three patients with structural heart disease (NICM, n = 16; ICM, n = 17) referred for catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia were studied. Electroanatomic mapping was performed endocardially (n = 33) and epicardially (n = 19). The LP were defined as low voltage electrograms ({\textless}1.5 mV) with onset after the QRS interval. Very late potentials (vLP) were defined as electrograms with onset {\textgreater}100 ms after the QRS. RESULTS: We sampled an average of 564 +/- 449 points and 726 +/- 483 points in the left ventricle endocardium and epicardium, respectively. Mean total low voltage area in patients with ICM was 101 +/- 55 cm(2) and 56 +/- 33 cm(2), endocardial and epicardial, respectively, compared with NICM of 55 +/- 41 cm(2) and 53 +/- 28 cm(2), respectively. Within the total low voltage area, vLP were observed more frequently in ICM than in NICM in endocardium (4.1\% vs. 1.3\%; p = 0.0003) and epicardium (4.3\% vs. 2.1\%, p = 0.035). An LP-targeted ablation strategy was effective in ICM patients (82\% nonrecurrence at 12 +/- 10 months of follow-up), whereas NICM patients had less favorable outcomes (50\% at 15 +/- 13 months of follow-up). CONCLUSIONS: The contribution of scar to the electrophysiological abnormalities targeted for ablation of unstable ventricular tachycardia differs between ICM and NICM. An approach incorporating LP ablation and pace-mapping had limited success in patients with NICM compared with ICM, and alternative ablation strategies should be considered.}, language = {eng}, number = {21}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Nakahara, Shiro and Tung, Roderick and Ramirez, Rafael J. and Michowitz, Yoav and Vaseghi, Marmar and Buch, Eric and Gima, Jean and Wiener, Isaac and Mahajan, Aman and Boyle, Noel G. and Shivkumar, Kalyanam}, month = may, year = {2010}, pmid = {20488307}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Cardiomyopathies, Catheter Ablation, Cohort Studies, Electrocardiography, Epicardial Mapping, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hemodynamics, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Ischemia, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {2355--2365}, file = {1-s2.0-S0735109710010855-main.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FPBC5695/1-s2.0-S0735109710010855-main.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gallagher_catheter_1982, title = {Catheter technique for closed-chest ablation of the atrioventricular conduction system}, volume = {306}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198201283060402}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM198201283060402}, abstract = {Patients with recurrent supraventricular tachyarrhythmias occasionally become disabled because available pharmacologic agents are ineffective or poorly tolerated, and pacemaker techniques fail to control recurrences. In the absence of an accessory atrioventricular pathway as the underlying cause of arrhythmia, surgical interruption of the atrioventricular conduction system with implantation of a permanent ventricular pacemaker has been shown to provide effective therapy.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 A variety of experimental techniques have been proposed to ablate the conduction system,15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 but to date only open-chest approaches have been used to accomplish interruption of the atrioventricular node and His bundle in human beings.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 This report describes a technique for . . .}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Gallagher, John J. and Svenson, Robert H. and Kasell, Jack H. and German, Lawrence D. and Bardy, Gust H. and Broughton, Archer and Critelli, Giuseppe}, month = jan, year = {1982}, pmid = {7054682}, pages = {194--200}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GJ9F3QE6/NEJM198201283060402.html:text/html} } @article{ballard_generalizing_1981, title = {Generalizing the {Hough} transform to detect arbitrary shapes}, volume = {13}, issn = {0031-3203}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0031320381900091}, doi = {10.1016/0031-3203(81)90009-1}, abstract = {The Hough transform is a method for detecting curves by exploiting the duality between points on a curve and parameters of that curve. The initial work showed how to detect both analytic curves(1,2) and non-analytic curves,(3) but these methods were restricted to binary edge images. This work was generalized to the detection of some analytic curves in grey level images, specifically lines,(4) circles(5) and parabolas.(6) The line detection case is the best known of these and has been ingeniously exploited in several applications.(7,8,9) We show how the boundaries of an arbitrary non-analytic shape can be used to construct a mapping between image space and Hough transform space. Such a mapping can be exploited to detect instances of that particular shape in an image. Furthermore, variations in the shape such as rotations, scale changes or figure ground reversals correspond to straightforward transformations of this mapping. However, the most remarkable property is that such mappings can be composed to build mappings for complex shapes from the mappings of simpler component shapes. This makes the generalized Hough transform a kind of universal transform which can be used to find arbitrarily complex shapes.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2011-11-20}, journal = {Pattern Recognition}, author = {Ballard, D. H.}, year = {1981}, keywords = {Hough transform, Image processing, Parallel algorithms, Pattern Recognition, Shape recognition}, pages = {111--122}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7JBEJRDV/D.H. - 1981 - Generalizing the Hough transform to detect arbitra.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QI6MJCIX/0031320381900091.html:text/html} } @article{hosseinsabet_c-reactive_2008, title = {C-reactive protein and coronary calcium score association in coronary artery disease}, volume = {15}, issn = {1897-5593 (Electronic)}, number = {5}, journal = {Cardiology Journal}, author = {Hosseinsabet, A. and Mohebbi, A. and Almasi, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Acute Disease, Aged, Biological Markers/blood, Calcinosis/epidemiology/*metabolism/radiography, Calcium/*metabolism, Coronary Artery Disease/epidemiology/*metabolism/radiography, Coronary Vessels/*metabolism, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, Spiral Computed}, pages = {431--6}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/53Z2U6TB/Hosseinsabet-2008-C-reactive protein a.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{masuyama_continuous-wave_1986, title = {Continuous-wave {Doppler} echocardiographic detection of pulmonary regurgitation and its application to noninvasive estimation of pulmonary artery pressure.}, volume = {74}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/74/3/484}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.74.3.484}, abstract = {Continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography was used to estimate pulmonary artery pressures by measuring pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity in 21 patients with pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than or equal to 20 mm Hg) and 24 patients without pulmonary hypertension. The pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity patterns, characterized by a rapid rise in flow velocity immediately after closure of the pulmonary valve and a gradual deceleration until the next pulmonary valve opening, were successfully obtained in 18 of the 21 patients with pulmonary hypertension and in 13 of the 24 patients without pulmonary hypertension. As pulmonary artery pressure increased, pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity became higher; the pulmonary artery-to-right ventricular pressure gradient in diastole (PG) was estimated from the pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity (V) by means of the simplified Bernoulli equation (PG = 4V2). The Doppler-determined pressure gradient at end-diastole correlated well with the catheter measurement of the pressure gradient at end-diastole (r = .94, SEE = 3 mm Hg) and with pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure (r = .92, SEE = 4 mm Hg). The peak of Doppler-determined pressure gradient during diastole correlated well with mean pulmonary artery pressure (r = .92, SEE = 5 mm Hg). Thus continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography was useful for noninvasive estimation of pulmonary artery pressures.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Masuyama, T. and Kodama, K. and Kitabatake, A. and Sato, H. and Nanto, S. and Inoue, M.}, month = sep, year = {1986}, pmid = {2943530}, pages = {484--492}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C3VC92SF/Masuyama et al. - 1986 - Continuous-wave Doppler echocardiographic detectio.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UMBSI8AN/484.html:text/html} } @article{tung_accuracy_2011, title = {Accuracy of combined endocardial and epicardial electroanatomic mapping of a reperfused porcine infarct model: {A} comparison of electrofield and magnetic systems with histopathologic correlation}, volume = {8}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Accuracy of combined endocardial and epicardial electroanatomic mapping of a reperfused porcine infarct model}, url = {http://www.heartrhythmjournal.com/article/S1547527110011926/abstract}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.10.044}, abstract = {Background Contact mapping of the ventricle with NAVX has not been validated. Objective This study sought to compare the accuracy of infarct mapping between NAVX and CARTO using a histopathologic gold standard. Methods A closed-chest porcine infarction model was created by circumflex artery occlusion. After 4 to 12 weeks, 7 subjects underwent high-density endocardial and epicardial mapping using CARTO (Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, California) and NAVX (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, Minnesota) mapping systems. After mapping, animals were euthanized and histopathologic examination was used to quantify areas of scar at depths of 1 to 4 mm. Results Using a single-point acquisition approach with CARTO and a multipoint acquisition approach with the NAVX, endocardial and epicardial maps created using CARTO consisted of 360 {\textpm} 121 points performed in 54 {\textpm} 23 minutes/361 {\textpm} 90 points in 41 {\textpm} 13 minutes compared with 697 {\textpm} 132 points in 35 {\textpm} 8 minutes/1,303 {\textpm} 207 points in 30 {\textpm} 11 minutes using NAVX. At a 2-mm depth from the endocardial and epicardial surface, the mean scar area quantified by histopathology was 9.5 {\textpm} 8.7 cm2 and 6.2 {\textpm} 4.8 cm2, respectively. Correlation between histopathology and electroanatomic maps was excellent (r = 0.88, CARTO and 0.92, NAVX). Correlation between scar area determined by CARTO and NAVX was good (r = 0.88, P {\textless}.0001). Conclusion Balloon occlusion-reperfusion of the circumflex artery creates a localized patchy infarction in the inferolateral wall. Multipolar mapping achieves higher density in a shorter period of time and increases the detection of late potentials. A strong correlation between CARTO and NAVX exists, and both systems demonstrate good correlation with histopathologic quantification of scar.}, language = {English}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-21}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Tung, Roderick and Nakahara, Shiro and Ramirez, Rafael and Gui, Dorina and Magyar, Clara and Lai, Chi and Fishbein, Michael and Shivkumar, Kalyanam}, month = mar, year = {2011}, keywords = {EAM, electroanatomic mapping, Histopathology, late potential, LP, Myocardial Infarction, Ventricle, ventricular tachycardia, VT}, pages = {439--447}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5IG94WDJ/abstract.html:text/html} } @book{foucault_dits_2001, address = {Paris}, edition = {2nd}, title = {Dits et {\'E}crits: 1976-1988}, volume = {2}, shorttitle = {Dits et {\'E}crits}, language = {French}, publisher = {Gillimard}, author = {Foucault, Michel}, editor = {Defert, Daniel and Ewald, Fran{\c c}ois}, year = {2001} } @article{sermesant_patient-specific_2012, title = {Patient-specific electromechanical models of the heart for the prediction of pacing acute effects in {CRT}: {A} preliminary clinical validation}, volume = {16}, issn = {1361-8415}, shorttitle = {Patient-specific electromechanical models of the heart for the prediction of pacing acute effects in {CRT}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841511001009}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2011.07.003}, abstract = {Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment for patients with congestive heart failure and a wide QRS complex. However, up to 30\% of patients are non-responders to therapy in terms of exercise capacity or left ventricular reverse remodelling. A number of controversies still remain surrounding patient selection, targeted lead implantation and optimisation of this important treatment. The development of biophysical models to predict the response to CRT represents a potential strategy to address these issues. In this article, we present how the personalisation of an electromechanical model of the myocardium can predict the acute haemodynamic changes associated with CRT. In order to introduce such an approach as a clinical application, we needed to design models that can be individualised from images and electrophysiological mapping of the left ventricle. In this paper the personalisation of the anatomy, the electrophysiology, the kinematics and the mechanics are described. The acute effects of pacing on pressure development were predicted with the in silico model for several pacing conditions on two patients, achieving good agreement with invasive haemodynamic measurements: the mean error on dP/dtmax is 47.5 {\textpm} 35 mm Hg s-1, less than 5\% error. These promising results demonstrate the potential of physiological models personalised from images and electrophysiology signals to improve patient selection and plan CRT.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Sermesant, M. and Chabiniok, R. and Chinchapatnam, P. and Mansi, T. and Billet, F. and Moireau, P. and Peyrat, J. M. and Wong, K. and Relan, J. and Rhode, K. and Ginks, M. and Lambiase, P. and Delingette, H. and Sorine, M. and Rinaldi, C. A. and Chapelle, D. and Razavi, R. and Ayache, N.}, month = jan, year = {2012}, keywords = {Biophysical models, Cardiac modelling, Medical imaging, parameter estimation, Resynchronisation therapy}, pages = {201--215}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5PUPE58Z/Sermesant et al. - 2012 - Patient-specific electromechanical models of the h.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JANM74T5/S1361841511001009.html:text/html} } @book{foucault_birth_2012, title = {The {Birth} of the {Clinic}}, isbn = {9781135864835}, abstract = {Foucault's classic study of the history of medicine.}, language = {en}, publisher = {Routledge}, author = {Foucault, Michel}, month = dec, year = {2012}, keywords = {Philosophy / Ethics \& Moral Philosophy, Philosophy / Mind \& Body, Social Science / Sociology / General} } @article{ballantyne_lipoprotein-associated_2004, title = {Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase {A}2, high-sensitivity {C}-reactive protein, and risk for incident coronary heart disease in middle-aged men and women in the {Atherosclerosis} {Risk} in {Communities} ({ARIC}) study}, volume = {109}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {7}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Ballantyne, C. M. and Hoogeveen, R. C. and Bang, H. and Coresh, J. and Folsom, A. R. and Heiss, G. and Sharrett, A. R.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase, Arteriosclerosis/enzymology/*epidemiology, Biological Markers, Cohort Studies, Coronary Disease/blood/enzymology/*epidemiology, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phospholipases A2, Phospholipases A/*blood, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States/epidemiology}, pages = {837--42}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MG4M4E5T/Ballantyne-2004-Lipoprotein-associat.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zhang_update_2006, title = {Update on bereavement research: {Evidence}-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of complicated bereavement}, volume = {9}, issn = {1096-6218 (Print) 1557-7740 (Linking)}, number = {5}, journal = {Journal of Palliative Medicine}, author = {Zhang, B. and El-Jawahri, A. and Prigerson, H. G.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Bereavement, *Diagnosis, *Evidence-Based Medicine, *Therapeutics, Caregivers/*psychology, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Research, Terminally Ill, United States}, pages = {1188--203}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RRM6PPT7/BereavementUpdate.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{yuen_3d_2008, address = {New York, NY, USA}, title = {3D ultrasound-guided motion compensation system for beating heart mitral valve repair}, isbn = {978-3-540-85987-1}, url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1433312}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Conference} on {Medical} {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention} - {Part} {I}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Yuen, Shelten G. and Kesner, Samuel B. and Vasilyev, Nikolay V. and Nido, Pedro J. and Howe, Robert D.}, year = {2008}, pages = {711--719}, file = {ACM Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3UGU6M6C/citation.html:text/html;fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TCDSMRJD/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{qaseem_using_2008, title = {Using second-generation antidepressants to treat depressive disorders: {A} clinical practice guideline from the {American} {College} of {Physicians}}, volume = {149}, issn = {1539-3704 (Electronic)}, number = {10}, journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine}, author = {Qaseem, A. and Snow, V. and Denberg, T. D. and Forciea, M. A. and Owens, D. K.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Age Factors, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects/ therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder/complications/ drug therapy/ethnology, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Male, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Remission Induction, Sex Factors}, pages = {725--33}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R2SXR2SS/Qaseem-2008-Using second-generat.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{gooding_fusion_2009, address = {Germany}, title = {Fusion of multiple four dimensional fetal echocardiography images can improve quality}, booktitle = {19th {World} {Congress} on {Ultrasound} in {Obstetrics} and {Gynaecology}}, author = {Gooding, Mark J. and Rajpoot, Kashif and Mitchell, S. and Chamberlain, P. and Noble, J. Alison and Kennedy, Stephen H.}, year = {2009} } @article{forssmann_sondierung_1929, title = {Die {Sondierung} des {Rechten} {Herzens}}, volume = {8}, issn = {0023-2173, 1432-1440}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01875120}, doi = {10.1007/BF01875120}, language = {de}, number = {45}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Klinische Wochenschrift}, author = {Forssmann, Werner}, month = nov, year = {1929}, keywords = {Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine}, pages = {2085--2087}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FAM3GBF7/Forssmann - 1929 - Die Sondierung des Rechten Herzens.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4MA54VCX/10.html:text/html} } @article{svetnik_random_2003, title = {Random forest: a classification and regression tool for compound classification and {QSAR} modeling}, volume = {43}, issn = {0095-2338}, shorttitle = {Random {Forest}}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci034160g}, doi = {10.1021/ci034160g}, abstract = {A new classification and regression tool, Random Forest, is introduced and investigated for predicting a compound's quantitative or categorical biological activity based on a quantitative description of the compound's molecular structure. Random Forest is an ensemble of unpruned classification or regression trees created by using bootstrap samples of the training data and random feature selection in tree induction. Prediction is made by aggregating (majority vote or averaging) the predictions of the ensemble. We built predictive models for six cheminformatics data sets. Our analysis demonstrates that Random Forest is a powerful tool capable of delivering performance that is among the most accurate methods to date. We also present three additional features of Random Forest:? built-in performance assessment, a measure of relative importance of descriptors, and a measure of compound similarity that is weighted by the relative importance of descriptors. It is the combination of relatively high prediction accuracy and its collection of desired features that makes Random Forest uniquely suited for modeling in cheminformatics.}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences}, author = {Svetnik, Vladimir and Liaw, Andy and Tong, Christopher and Culberson, J. Christopher and Sheridan, Robert P. and Feuston, Bradley P.}, month = nov, year = {2003}, pages = {1947--1958}, file = {ACS Full Text PDF w/ Links:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6KIH6G6B/Svetnik et al. - 2003 - Random Forest A Classification and Regression To.pdf:application/pdf;ACS Full Text Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PKC9SH9N/Svetnik et al. - 2003 - Random Forest A Classification and Regression To.html:text/html} } @article{wen_fourier_2009, title = {Fourier x-ray scattering radiography yields bone structural information}, volume = {251}, number = {3}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Wen, Han and Bennett, Eric E. and Hegedus, Monica M. and Rapacchi, Stanislas}, year = {2009}, pages = {910--918}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CFEWHFJP/x_ray_fourier_scatter_radiology.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{luderitz_historical_2003, title = {Historical perspectives on interventional electrophysiology}, volume = {9}, issn = {1383-875X}, abstract = {The history of interventional electrophysiology is long and fascinating. In the beginning, there is not simply the anatomy and physiology of the heart, but also analysis of the pulse, which indicates the activity of the heart. The analysis of the (peripheral) pulse as a mechanical expression of heart activity goes back several millennia. In China, in 280 B.C., Wang Chu Ho wrote ten books about the pulse. The Greeks called the pulse "sphygmos", and the sphygmology thus deals with a theory of this natural occurrence. In Roman times, Galen interpreted the various types of pulse according to the widespread presumption of the time, that each organ in every disease has its own form of pulse. The basic tool for arrhythmia diagnosis became the electrocardiography introduced by Willem Einthoven who obtained the first human electrogram 1902 in Leiden, The Netherlands. The growing clinical importance of electrical cardiac stimulation has been recognized and renewed as Zoll (1911-1999) in 1952 reported a successful resuscitation in cardiac standstill by external stimulation. Meanwhile all over the world, millions of patients with cardiac arrhythmias have been treated with pacemakers in the last 45 years. The concept of a fully automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator system (ICD) for recognition and treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias was first suggested in 1970. The first implantation of the device in a human being was performed in February 1980. Further developments concern atrial and atrioventricular defibrillators, radiofrequency ablation, laser therapy and advanced antiarrhythmic surgery, new antiarrhythmic drugs and sophisticated devices for preventive pacing. The advances in the field of diagnostic and therapeutic application of pharmacologic and electrical tools as well as alternative methods will continue as rapidly as before in order to give us further significant aid in taking care of the patient.}, language = {eng}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology}, author = {L{\"u}deritz, Berndt}, month = oct, year = {2003}, pmid = {14574018}, keywords = {Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Biomedical Engineering, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Catheter Ablation, Defibrillators, Implantable, Electric Stimulation Therapy, electrophysiology, Equipment Design, Heart Conduction System, Humans, Pacemaker, Artificial}, pages = {75--83}, file = {2009_1_3.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4A689UI9/2009_1_3.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{karim_evaluation_2013, title = {Evaluation of current algorithms for segmentation of scar tissue from late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the left atrium: an open-access grand challenge}, volume = {15}, issn = {1532-429X}, shorttitle = {Evaluation of current algorithms for segmentation of scar tissue from late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the left atrium}, doi = {10.1186/1532-429X-15-105}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Late Gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can be used to visualise regions of fibrosis and scarring in the left atrium (LA) myocardium. This can be important for treatment stratification of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and for assessment of treatment after radio frequency catheter ablation (RFCA). In this paper we present a standardised evaluation benchmarking framework for algorithms segmenting fibrosis and scar from LGE CMR images. The algorithms reported are the response to an open challenge that was put to the medical imaging community through an ISBI (IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging) workshop. METHODS: The image database consisted of 60 multicenter, multivendor LGE CMR image datasets from patients with AF, with 30 images taken before and 30 after RFCA for the treatment of AF. A reference standard for scar and fibrosis was established by merging manual segmentations from three observers. Furthermore, scar was also quantified using 2, 3 and 4 standard deviations (SD) and full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) methods. Seven institutions responded to the challenge: Imperial College (IC), Mevis Fraunhofer (MV), Sunnybrook Health Sciences (SY), Harvard/Boston University (HB), Yale School of Medicine (YL), King's College London (KCL) and Utah CARMA (UTA, UTB). There were 8 different algorithms evaluated in this study. RESULTS: Some algorithms were able to perform significantly better than SD and FWHM methods in both pre- and post-ablation imaging. Segmentation in pre-ablation images was challenging and good correlation with the reference standard was found in post-ablation images. Overlap scores (out of 100) with the reference standard were as follows: Pre: IC = 37, MV = 22, SY = 17, YL = 48, KCL = 30, UTA = 42, UTB = 45; Post: IC = 76, MV = 85, SY = 73, HB = 76, YL = 84, KCL = 78, UTA = 78, UTB = 72. CONCLUSIONS: The study concludes that currently no algorithm is deemed clearly better than others. There is scope for further algorithmic developments in LA fibrosis and scar quantification from LGE CMR images. Benchmarking of future scar segmentation algorithms is thus important. The proposed benchmarking framework is made available as open-source and new participants can evaluate their algorithms via a web-based interface.}, language = {eng}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance}, author = {Karim, Rashed and Housden, R. James and Balasubramaniam, Mayuragoban and Chen, Zhong and Perry, Daniel and Uddin, Ayesha and Al-Beyatti, Yosra and Palkhi, Ebrahim and Acheampong, Prince and Obom, Samantha and Hennemuth, Anja and Lu, Yingli and Bai, Wenjia and Shi, Wenzhe and Gao, Yi and Peitgen, Heinz-Otto and Radau, Perry and Razavi, Reza and Tannenbaum, Allen and Rueckert, Daniel and Cates, Josh and Schaeffter, Tobias and Peters, Dana and MacLeod, Rob and Rhode, Kawal}, year = {2013}, pmid = {24359544}, pmcid = {PMC3878126}, keywords = {Algorithms, Atrial Fibrillation, Benchmarking, Cicatrix, Contrast Media, Databases, Factual, Europe, fibrosis, Heart Atria, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Observer Variation, Predictive Value of Tests, Reproducibility of Results, United States}, pages = {105}, file = {1532-429X-15-105.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WVTU3IBG/1532-429X-15-105.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lesh_status_1994, title = {Status of ablation in patients with atrial tachycardia and flutter}, volume = {17}, issn = {1540-8159}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1994.tb01457.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/j.1540-8159.1994.tb01457.x}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology}, author = {Lesh, Michael D. and Van Hare, George F.}, year = {1994}, pages = {1026--1033}, file = {j.1540-8159.1994.tb01457.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7I7ADBBR/j.1540-8159.1994.tb01457.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M82K2RQ5/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{yu_speckle_2002, title = {Speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion}, volume = {11}, url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1097762}, number = {11}, urldate = {2014-11-11}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, author = {Yu, Yongjian and Acton, Scott T.}, year = {2002}, pages = {1260--1270}, file = {[PDF] from researchgate.net:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M3SNPBT3/Yu and Acton - 2002 - Speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RMFD2R26/login.html:text/html} } @article{smith_relation_1928, title = {The relation of the weight of the heart to the weight of the body and the weight of the heart to age}, number = {4}, journal = {Am Heart J}, author = {Smith, H. L.}, year = {1928}, pages = {79--93} } @article{klouche_atherogenic_1998, title = {Atherogenic properties of enzymatically degraded {LDL}: {Selective} induction of {MCP}-1 and cytotoxic effects on human macrophages}, volume = {18}, issn = {1079-5642 (Print)}, number = {9}, journal = {Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology}, author = {Klouche, M. and Gottschling, S. and Gerl, V. and Hell, W. and Husmann, M. and Dorweiler, B. and Messner, M. and Bhakdi, S.}, year = {1998}, keywords = {Arteriosclerosis/*etiology, Cell Death, Cells, Cultured, Chemokine CCL2/genetics/*secretion, Gene Expression/drug effects, Humans, Hydrolases/*metabolism, Kinetics, Lipoproteins, LDL/*metabolism/*pharmacology, Macrophages/*drug effects/physiology, Neuraminidase/metabolism, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, RNA, Messenger/metabolism, Sterol Esterase/metabolism, Trypsin/metabolism}, pages = {1376--85}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ARFDHTMD/Klouche-1998-Atherogenic properti.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zhang_volume_2010, title = {Volume visualization: {A} technical overview with a focus on medical applications}, issn = {1618-727X}, shorttitle = {Volume {Visualization}}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20714917}, doi = {10.1007/s10278-010-9321-6}, abstract = {With the increasing availability of high-resolution isotropic three- or four-dimensional medical datasets from sources such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and ultrasound, volumetric image visualization techniques have increased in importance. Over the past two decades, a number of new algorithms and improvements have been developed for practical clinical image display. More recently, further efficiencies have been attained by designing and implementing volume-rendering algorithms on graphics processing units (GPUs). In this paper, we review volumetric image visualization pipelines, algorithms, and medical applications. We also illustrate our algorithm implementation and evaluation results, and address the advantages and drawbacks of each algorithm in terms of image quality and efficiency. Within the outlined literature review, we have integrated our research results relating to new visualization, classification, enhancement, and multimodal data dynamic rendering. Finally, we illustrate issues related to modern GPU working pipelines, and their applications in volume visualization domain.}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Journal of Digital Imaging}, author = {Zhang, Qi and Eagleson, Roy and Peters, Terry M.}, month = aug, year = {2010}, pmid = {20714917}, file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G7UN3UTB/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hall_assessment_1997, title = {Assessment of mitral regurgitation severity by {Doppler} color flow mapping of the vena contracta}, volume = {95}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/95/3/636}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.95.3.636}, abstract = {Background Although Doppler color flow mapping is widely used to assess the severity of mitral regurgitation (MR), a simple, accurate, and quantitative marker of MR by color flow mapping remains elusive. We hypothesized that vena contracta width by color flow mapping would accurately predict the severity of MR. Methods and Results We studied 80 patients with MR. Vena contracta width was measured in multiple views with zoom mode and nonstandard angulation to optimize its visualization. Flow volumes across the left ventricular outflow tract and mitral annulus were calculated by pulsed-Doppler technique to determine regurgitant volume. Effective regurgitant orifice area was calculated by dividing the regurgitant volume by the continuous-wave Doppler velocity-time integral of the MR jet. The cause of MR was ischemia in 24, dilated cardiomyopathy in 34, mitral valve prolapse in 12, endocarditis in 2, rheumatic disease in 2, mitral annular calcification in 1, and uncertain in 5. Regurgitant volumes ranged from 2 to 191 mL. Regurgitant orifice area ranged from 0.01 to 1.47 cm2. Single-plane vena contracta width from the parasternal long-axis view correlated well with regurgitant volume (r=.85, SEE=20 mL) and regurgitant orifice area (r=.86, SEE=0.15 cm2). Biplane vena contracta width from apical views correlated well with regurgitant volume (r=.85, SEE=19 mL) and regurgitant orifice area (r=.88, SEE=0.14 cm2). A biplane vena contracta width >=0.5 cm was always associated with a regurgitant volume {\textgreater}60 mL and a regurgitant orifice area {\textgreater}0.4 cm2. A biplane vena contracta width <=0.3 cm predicted a regurgitant volume {\textless}60 mL and a regurgitant orifice area {\textless}0.4 cm2 in 24 of 29 patients. No other parameter, including jet area, left atrial size, pulmonary flow reversal, or semiquantitative MR grade, correlated significantly with regurgitant volume or regurgitant orifice area in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that careful color flow mapping of the vena contracta of the MR jet provides a simple quantitative assessment of MR that correlates well with quantitative Doppler techniques.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Hall, Shelley A. and Brickner, M. Elizabeth and Willett, DuWayne L. and Irani, Waleed N. and Afridi, Imran and Grayburn, Paul A.}, month = feb, year = {1997}, pmid = {9024151}, keywords = {Echocardiography, mapping, regurgitation}, pages = {636--642}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9X9PIQ2K/636.html:text/html} } @article{macnamara_deliberate_2014, title = {Deliberate practice and performance in music, games, sports, education, and professions: {A} meta-analysis}, issn = {0956-7976, 1467-9280}, url = {http://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/06/30/0956797614535810}, doi = {10.1177/0956797614535810}, abstract = {More than 20 years ago, researchers proposed that individual differences in performance in such domains as music, sports, and games largely reflect individual differences in amount of deliberate practice, which was defined as engagement in structured activities created specifically to improve performance in a domain. This view is a frequent topic of popular-science writing{\textemdash}but is it supported by empirical evidence? To answer this question, we conducted a meta-analysis covering all major domains in which deliberate practice has been investigated. We found that deliberate practice explained 26\% of the variance in performance for games, 21\% for music, 18\% for sports, 4\% for education, and less than 1\% for professions. We conclude that deliberate practice is important, but not as important as has been argued.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2015-01-14}, journal = {Psychological Science}, author = {Macnamara, Brooke N. and Hambrick, David Z. and Oswald, Frederick L.}, month = jul, year = {2014}, pmid = {24986855}, keywords = {deliberate practice, expertise, human performance, meta-analysis, open data, skill acquisition, talent development}, pages = {0956797614535810}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3957C272/Macnamara et al. - 2014 - Deliberate Practice and Performance in Music, Game.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4IWF7EV5/Macnamara et al. - 2014 - Deliberate Practice and Performance in Music, Game.html:text/html} } @article{mcveigh_real-time_2005, title = {Real-time, interactive {MRI} for cardiovascular interventions}, volume = {12}, issn = {1076-6332}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B75BK-4GX1KJT-C/2/1ff7dbf9a5759c749dc3511f740f2a5f}, doi = {10.1016/j.acra.2005.05.024}, number = {9}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Academic Radiology}, author = {McVeigh, Elliot R. and Guttman, Michael A. and Kellman, Peter and Raval, Amish N. and Lederman, Robert J.}, month = sep, year = {2005}, keywords = {intervention, MRI, real-time, therapy}, pages = {1121--1127}, file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/K34GTE3W/science.html:text/html;science.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/94Z9WNND/science.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{li_dried_2009, title = {Dried blood spot sampling in combination with {LC}-{MS}/{MS} for quantitative analysis of small molecules}, volume = {24}, issn = {1099-0801}, number = {1}, journal = {Biomedical Chromatography}, author = {Li, Wenkui and Tse, Francis L. S.}, year = {2009}, pages = {49--65}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KBTNPJWN/DriedBloodSpot.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hohnloser_prevalence_1999, title = {Prevalence, characteristics and prognostic value during long-term follow-up of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era}, volume = {33}, url = {http://content.onlinejacc.org/cgi/content/abstract/33/7/1895}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, characteristics and the predictive value of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) for subsequent death and arrhythmic events after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND Nonsustained VT has been linked to an increased risk for sudden death in coronary patients. It is unknown whether this parameter can be used for selection of high-risk patients to receive an implantable defibrillator for primary prevention of sudden death in patients shortly after AMI. METHODS In 325 consecutive infarct survivors, 24-h Holter monitoring was performed 10 \{+/-\} 6 days after AMI. All patients underwent coronary angiography, determination of left ventricular function and assessment of heart rate variability (HRV). Mean follow-up was 30 \{+/-\} 22 months. RESULTS There was a low prevalence (9\%) of nonsustained VT shortly after AMI. Nonsustained VT together with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was found in only 2.4\% of patients. During follow-up, 25 patients reached one of the prospectively defined end points (primary composite end point of cardiac death, sustained VT or resuscitated ventricular fibrillation; secondary end point: arrhythmic events). Kaplan Meier event probability analyses revealed that only HRV, LVEF and status of the infarct-related artery were univariate predictors of death or arrhythmic events. The presence of nonsustained VT carried a relative risk of 2.6 for the primary study end point but was not a significant predictor if only arrhythmic events were considered. On multivariate analysis, only HRV, LVEF and the status of the infarct artery were found to be independently related to the primary study end point. CONCLUSIONS There is a low prevalence of nonsustained VT shortly after AMI. Only 2\% to 3\% of all infarct survivors treated according to contemporary guidelines demonstrate both depressed LVEF and nonsustained VT. The predictive value of nonsustained VT for subsequent mortality and arrhythmic events is inferior to that of impaired autonomic tone, LVEF or infarct-related artery patency. Accordingly, the use of nonsustained VT to select patients for primary implantable cardioverter/defibrillator prevention trials shortly after AMI appears to be limited.}, number = {7}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Hohnloser, Stefan H. and Klingenheben, Thomas and Zabel, Markus and Schopperl, Matthias and Mauss, Oliver}, month = jun, year = {1999}, pages = {1895--1902}, file = {1895.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZU6W6HWI/1895.pdf:application/pdf;HighWire Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4K6IGEP6/1895.html:text/html} } @article{roujol_improved_2013, title = {Improved multimodality data fusion of late gadolinium enhancement {MRI} to left ventricular voltage maps in ventricular tachycardia ablation}, volume = {60}, issn = {0018-9294}, doi = {10.1109/TBME.2012.2233738}, abstract = {Electroanatomical voltage mapping (EAVM) is commonly performed prior to catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) to locate the arrhythmic substrate and to guide the ablation procedure. EAVM is used to locate the position of the ablation catheter and to provide a 3-D reconstruction of left-ventricular anatomy and scar. However, EAVM measurements only represent the endocardial scar with no transmural or epicardial information. Furthermore, EAVM is a time-consuming procedure, with a high operator dependence and has low sampling density, i.e., spatial resolution. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows noninvasive assessment of scar morphology that can depict 3-D scar architecture. Despite the potential use of LGE as a roadmap for VT ablation for identification of arrhythmogenic substrate, its utility has been very limited. To allow for identification of VT substrate, a correlation is needed between the substrates identified by EAVM as the gold standard and LGE-MRI scar characteristics. To do so, a system must be developed to fuse the datasets from these modalities. In this study, a registration pipeline for the fusion of LGE-MRI and EAVM data is presented. A novel surface registration algorithm is proposed, integrating the matching of global scar areas as an additional constraint in the registration process. A preparatory landmark registration is initially performed to expedite the convergence of the algorithm. Numerical simulations were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the registration in the presence of errors in identifying landmarks in EAVM or LGE-MRI datasets as well as additional errors due to respiratory or cardiac motion. Subsequently, the accuracy of the proposed fusion system was evaluated in a cohort of ten patients undergoing VT ablation where both EAVM and LGE-MRI data were available. Compared to landmark registration and surface registration, the presented method achieved significant improvemen- in registration error. The proposed data fusion system allows the fusion of EAVM and LGE-MRI data in VT ablation with registration errors less than 3.5 mm.}, number = {5}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering}, author = {Roujol, S. and Basha, T. A. and Tan, A. and Khanna, V. and Chan, R. H. and Moghari, M. H. and Rayatzadeh, H. and Shaw, J. L. and Josephson, M. E. and Nezafat, R.}, year = {2013}, keywords = {Accuracy, Biomedical image processing, Catheters, image registration, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Manuals, motion analysis, Spatial resolution, Substrates, Surface treatment}, pages = {1308--1317}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZXXERA6X/articleDetails.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M8GZSDPC/Roujol et al. - 2013 - Improved Multimodality Data Fusion of Late Gadolin.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{deedwania_silent_1991, title = {Silent myocardial ischemia: {A} clinical perspective}, volume = {151}, issn = {0003-9926 (Print)}, url = {http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/151/12/2373 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=1746993}, number = {12}, journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine}, author = {Deedwania, P. C. and Carbajal, E. V.}, year = {1991}, keywords = {*Coronary Disease/diagnosis/drug therapy/mortality/physiopathology, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Prevalence, Prognosis}, pages = {2373--82} } @article{nisbett_intelligence_2012, title = {Intelligence: {New} findings and theoretical developments}, volume = {67}, issn = {1935-990X}, shorttitle = {Intelligence}, doi = {10.1037/a0026699}, abstract = {We review new findings and new theoretical developments in the field of intelligence. New findings include the following: (a) Heritability of IQ varies significantly by social class. (b) Almost no genetic polymorphisms have been discovered that are consistently associated with variation in IQ in the normal range. (c) Much has been learned about the biological underpinnings of intelligence. (d) "Crystallized" and "fluid" IQ are quite different aspects of intelligence at both the behavioral and biological levels. (e) The importance of the environment for IQ is established by the 12-point to 18-point increase in IQ when children are adopted from working-class to middle-class homes. (f) Even when improvements in IQ produced by the most effective early childhood interventions fail to persist, there can be very marked effects on academic achievement and life outcomes. (g) In most developed countries studied, gains on IQ tests have continued, and they are beginning in the developing world. (h) Sex differences in aspects of intelligence are due partly to identifiable biological factors and partly to socialization factors. (i) The IQ gap between Blacks and Whites has been reduced by 0.33 SD in recent years. We report theorizing concerning (a) the relationship between working memory and intelligence, (b) the apparent contradiction between strong heritability effects on IQ and strong secular effects on IQ, (c) whether a general intelligence factor could arise from initially largely independent cognitive skills, (d) the relation between self-regulation and cognitive skills, and (e) the effects of stress on intelligence.}, language = {eng}, number = {2}, journal = {The American Psychologist}, author = {Nisbett, Richard E. and Aronson, Joshua and Blair, Clancy and Dickens, William and Flynn, James and Halpern, Diane F. and Turkheimer, Eric}, month = mar, year = {2012}, pmid = {22233090}, keywords = {Continental Population Groups, Educational Status, Environment, Gene-Environment Interaction, Humans, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Longitudinal Studies, Sex Factors}, pages = {130--159}, file = {amp-67-2-130.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AS4I3PUF/amp-67-2-130.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gupta_metabolic_1994, title = {Metabolic fate of irinotecan in humans: {Correlation} of glucuronidation with diarrhea}, volume = {54}, issn = {0008-5472 (Print)}, number = {14}, journal = {Cancer Research}, author = {Gupta, E. and Lestingi, T. M. and Mick, R. and Ramirez, J. and Vokes, E. E. and Ratain, M. J.}, year = {1994}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*metabolism, Camptothecin/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives/metabolism, Diarrhea/*chemically induced, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glucuronates/*metabolism, Humans}, pages = {3723--5}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5TJTR27J/Gupta-1994-Metabolic fate of ir.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{baldwin_symptoms_2006, title = {Symptoms of fatigue and sleepiness in major depressive disorder}, volume = {67 Suppl 6}, issn = {0160-6689 (Print)}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Baldwin, D. S. and Papakostas, G. I.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/therapeutic use, Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use, Benzhydryl Compounds/therapeutic use, Bupropion/therapeutic use, Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder, Major/ diagnosis/drug therapy/psychology, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/ diagnosis/drug therapy, Drug Therapy, Combination, Fatigue/ diagnosis/drug therapy, Humans, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Sleep Stages/drug effects, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {9--15} } @article{nagel_noninvasive_1999, title = {Noninvasive determination of coronary blood flow velocity with magnetic resonance imaging: {Comparison} of breath-hold and navigator techniques with intravascular ultrasound}, volume = {41}, issn = {1522-2594}, number = {3}, journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}, author = {Nagel, Eike and Bornstedt, Axel and Hug, J{\"u}rgen and Schnackenburg, Bernhard and Wellnhofer, Ernst and Fleck, Eckart}, year = {1999}, pages = {544--549}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/77CMIZHA/Nagel NoninvasiveCoronaryFlow.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{saadatnia_cerebral_2009, title = {Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis risk factors}, volume = {4}, issn = {1747-4949 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Int J Stroke}, author = {Saadatnia, M. and Fatehi, F. and Basiri, K. and Mousavi, S. A. and Mehr, G. K.}, year = {2009}, pages = {111--23}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R7UMPUXU/Saadatnia-2009-Cerebral venous sinu.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{gagliardi_magnetic_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Magnetic resonance imaging}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Meaney, Thomas F.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {471--482}, file = {RCI_D_c19.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7BAWTQCE/RCI_D_c19.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{toivonen_protective_1991, title = {Protective effect of intrauterine release of levonorgestrel on pelvic infection: {Three} years' comparative experience of levonorgestrel- and copper-releasing intrauterine devices}, volume = {77}, issn = {0029-7844}, shorttitle = {Protective effect of intrauterine release of levonorgestrel on pelvic infection}, abstract = {A randomized, multicenter comparison of two intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) was carried out. Nine hundred thirty-seven women were fitted with a copper-releasing IUD, the Nova-T, and 1821 women with an IUD that releases 20 micrograms of levonorgestrel daily. After 36 months, the cumulative gross rates of amenorrhea and hormonal side effects were significantly higher in the levonorgestrel-IUD users. The cumulative 36-month gross pregnancy rate was 3.7 for the Nova-T and 0.3 for the levonorgestrel IUD (P less than .001), demonstrating the levonorgestrel IUD's high contraceptive efficacy. For the first time, a protective effect of the levonorgestrel IUD against pelvic inflammatory disease as compared with the Nova-T was seen statistically. The cumulative 36-month gross rate of pelvic inflammatory disease was 2.0 in Nova-T- and 0.5 in levonorgestrel-IUD users (P less than .013). This significantly lowered incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease may help to solve one of the major concerns associated with intrauterine contraception.}, language = {eng}, number = {2}, journal = {Obstetrics and Gynecology}, author = {Toivonen, J. and Luukkainen, T. and Allonen, H.}, month = feb, year = {1991}, pmid = {1899136}, keywords = {Adult, Contraceptive Agents, Female, Female, Humans, Intrauterine Devices, Copper, Intrauterine Devices, Medicated, Levonorgestrel, Life Tables, Norgestrel, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Random Allocation}, pages = {261--264}, file = {00006250-199102000-00019.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X96C8P2U/00006250-199102000-00019.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{steen_metabolic_2008, title = {Metabolic engineering of {Saccharomyces} cerevisiae for the production of n-butanol}, volume = {7}, issn = {1475-2859 (Electronic)}, journal = {Microbial Cell Factories}, author = {Steen, E. J. and Chan, R. and Prasad, N. and Myers, S. and Petzold, C. J. and Redding, A. and Ouellet, M. and Keasling, J. D.}, year = {2008}, pages = {36}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/72NH73JA/Steen-2008-Metabolic engineerin.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{becker_placebo-controlled_2007, title = {A placebo-controlled trial of bupropion {SR} in the treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder}, volume = {27}, issn = {0271-0749 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17414245}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology}, author = {Becker, M. E. and Hertzberg, M. A. and Moore, S. D. and Dennis, M. F. and Bukenya, D. S. and Beckham, J. C.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Attention/drug effects, Bupropion/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Chronic Disease, Citalopram/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Delayed-Action Preparations/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Erectile Dysfunction/chemically induced, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Serotonin Antagonists/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*drug therapy, Tachycardia/chemically induced, Time Factors, Trazodone/adverse effects/therapeutic use}, pages = {193--7} } @book{guyton_textbook_2000, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Textbook of {Medical} {Physiology}}, isbn = {0-7216-8677-X}, publisher = {W.B. Saunders Company}, author = {Guyton, Arthur C. and Hall, John E.}, year = {2000} } @book{webb_introduction_2002, title = {Introduction to {Biomedical} {Imaging}}, isbn = {0471237663}, publisher = {Wiley-IEEE Press}, author = {Webb, Andrew}, year = {2002} } @article{van_ginkel_short_2004, title = {A short introduction to the {Radon} and {Hough} transforms and how they relate to each other}, url = {http://tnw.home.tudelft.nl/fileadmin/Faculteit/TNW/Over_de_faculteit/Afdelingen/Imaging_Science_and_Technology/Research/Research_Groups/Quantitative_Imaging/Publications/Technical_Reports/doc/mvanginkel_radonandhough_tr2004.pdf}, urldate = {2014-11-08}, journal = {The Quantitative Image Group Technical Report Series}, author = {van Ginkel, Michael and Hendriks, C. L. Luengo and van Vliet, Lucas J.}, year = {2004}, pages = {1--9}, file = {[PDF] from tudelft.nl:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/K3CZ5I66/van Ginkel et al. - 2004 - A short introduction to the Radon and Hough transf.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{thirion_image_1998, title = {Image matching as a diffusion process: {An} analogy with {Maxwell}'s demons}, volume = {2}, issn = {1361-8415}, shorttitle = {Image matching as a diffusion process}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6W6Y-45PJY0D-9/2/7a63289dbba04e341d69664e1f00a804}, doi = {10.1016/S1361-8415(98)80022-4}, abstract = {In this paper, we present the concept of diffusing models to perform image-to-image matching. Having two images to match, the main idea is to consider the objects boundaries in one image as semi-permeable membranes and to let the other image, considered as a deformable grid model, diffuse through these interfaces, by the action of effectors situated within the membranes. We illustrate this concept by an analogy with Maxwell's demons. We show that this concept relates to more traditional ones, based on attraction, with an intermediate step being optical flow techniques. We use the concept of diffusing models to derive three different non-rigid matching algorithms, one using all the intensity levels in the static image, one using only contour points, and a last one operating on already segmented images. Finally, we present results with synthesized deformations and real medical images, with applications to heart motion tracking and three-dimensional inter-patients matching.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2011-05-10}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Thirion, J.-P.}, month = sep, year = {1998}, keywords = {deformable model, elastic matching, image sequence analysis, inter-patient registration, non-rigid matching}, pages = {243--260}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9R2R5JTX/Thirion - 1998 - Image matching as a diffusion process an analogy .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UE3TXG55/science.html:text/html} } @article{rontgen_new_1896, title = {On a new kind of rays}, volume = {3}, url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/3/59/227.short}, number = {59}, urldate = {2014-12-16}, journal = {Science}, author = {R{\"o}ntgen, Wilhelm Conrad}, year = {1896}, pages = {227--231}, file = {227.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DPVVJ6TV/227.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N7HXPZMV/227.html:text/html} } @article{pai_inflammatory_2004, title = {Inflammatory markers and the risk of coronary heart disease in men and women}, volume = {351}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, number = {25}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Pai, J. K. and Pischon, T. and Ma, J. and Manson, J. E. and Hankinson, S. E. and Joshipura, K. and Curhan, G. C. and Rifai, N. and Cannuscio, C. C. and Stampfer, M. J. and Rimm, E. B.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases/*blood/epidemiology/immunology, Case-Control Studies, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interleukin-6/*blood, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/*blood, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/*blood, Risk, Sex Factors}, pages = {2599--610}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TWUT6S34/Pai-2004-Inflammatory markers.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{reisfield_metamorphosis_2005, title = {The metamorphosis of hydromorphone}, volume = {1}, issn = {1551-7489 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17315417}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of Opioid Management}, author = {Reisfield, G. M. and Wilson, G. R.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Analgesics, Opioid/*administration \& dosage/adverse, Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, Delayed-Action Preparations, effects/*pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydromorphone/*administration \& dosage/adverse, Pain/drug therapy}, pages = {139--45} } @article{pasternak_clinical_2012, title = {Clinical pharmacology, uses, and adverse reactions of iodinated contrast agents: {A} primer for the non-radiologist}, volume = {87}, issn = {0025-6196}, shorttitle = {Clinical {Pharmacology}, {Uses}, and {Adverse} {Reactions} of {Iodinated} {Contrast} {Agents}}, url = {http://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025619612002534/abstract}, doi = {10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.01.012}, abstract = {Iodinated contrast agents have been in use since the 1950s to facilitate radiographic imaging modalities. Physicians in almost all specialties will either administer these agents or care for patients who have received these drugs. Different iodinated contrast agents vary greatly in their properties, uses, and toxic effects. Therefore, clinicians should be at least superficially familiar with the clinical pharmacology, administration, risks, and adverse effects associated with iodinated contrast agents. This primer offers the non-radiologist physician the opportunity to gain insight into the use of this class of drugs.}, language = {English}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Mayo Clinic Proceedings}, author = {Pasternak, Jeffrey J. and Williamson, Eric E.}, month = apr, year = {2012}, keywords = {computed tomography, CT, ICA, iodinated contrast agent}, pages = {390--402}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XVDJ6VAU/Pasternak and Williamson - 2012 - Clinical Pharmacology, Uses, and Adverse Reactions.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G8B24886/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{pappone_mortality_2003, title = {Mortality, morbidity, and quality of life after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation for atrial fibrillation: {Outcomes} from a controlled nonrandomized long-term study}, volume = {42}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Mortality, morbidity, and quality of life after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation for atrial fibrillation}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the potential of circumferential pulmonary vein (PV) ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) to maintain sinus rhythm (SR) over time, thus reducing mortality and morbidity while enhancing quality of life (QoL). BACKGROUND: Circumferential PV ablation is safe and effective, but the long-term outcomes and its impact on QoL have not been assessed or compared with those for medical therapy. METHODS: We examined the clinical course of 1,171 consecutive patients with symptomatic AF who were referred to us between January 1998 and March 2001. The 589 ablated patients were compared with the 582 who received antiarrhythmic medications for SR control. The QoL of 109 ablated and 102 medically treated patients was measured with the SF-36 survey. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 900 days (range 161 to 1,508 days). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed observed survival for ablated patients was longer than among patients treated medically (p {\textless} 0.001), and not different from that expected for healthy persons of the same gender and calendar year of birth (p = 0.55). Cox proportional-hazards model revealed in the ablation group hazard ratios of 0.46 (95\% confidence interval [CI], 0.31 to 0.68; p {\textless} 0.001) for all-cause mortality, of 0.45 (95\% CI, 0.31 to 0.64; p {\textless} 0.001) for morbidities mainly due to heart failure and ischemic cerebrovascular events, and of 0.30 (95\% CI, 0.24 to 0.37; p {\textless} 0.001) for AF recurrence. Ablated patients' QoL, different from patients treated medically, reached normative levels at six months and remained unchanged at one year. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary vein ablation improves mortality, morbidity, and QoL as compared with medical therapy. Our findings pave the way for randomized trials to prospect a wider application of ablation therapy for AF.}, language = {eng}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Pappone, Carlo and Rosanio, Salvatore and Augello, Giuseppe and Gallus, Giuseppe and Vicedomini, Gabriele and Mazzone, Patrizio and Gulletta, Simone and Gugliotta, Filippo and Pappone, Alessia and Santinelli, Vincenzo and Tortoriello, Valter and Sala, Simone and Zangrillo, Alberto and Crescenzi, Giuseppe and Benussi, Stefano and Alfieri, Ottavio}, month = jul, year = {2003}, pmid = {12875749}, keywords = {Aged, Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, Cause of Death, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Female, Follow-Up Studies, heart failure, Hospitalization, Humans, Italy, Male, Morbidity, Multivariate Analysis, Proportional Hazards Models, Pulmonary Veins, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Survival Analysis, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {185--197}, file = {1-s2.0-S0735109703005771-main.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DDV78VZA/1-s2.0-S0735109703005771-main.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{bionerd_mri_2006, title = {{MRI} slice of my beating heart}, copyright = {Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue}, url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cardiac_mri_ani1_bionerd.gif}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, author = {{Bionerd}}, month = oct, year = {2006}, biboverride = {Wikimedia Commons, \newblock ``Cardiac MRI animation'' [image]. \newblock Accessed 14 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/! \verb!File:Cardiac_mri_ani1_bionerd.gif!, under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.}, file = {Wikimedia Image:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DMMK7M2I/Cardiac_mri_ani1_bionerd.gif:image/gif;Wikimedia Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T6XPD95E/FileCardiac_mri_ani1_bionerd.html:text/html} } @article{sanders_electrophysiological_2004, title = {Electrophysiological and electroanatomic characterization of the atria in sinus node disease: {Evidence} of diffuse atrial remodeling}, volume = {109}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/109/12/1514}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000121734.47409.AA}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} The normal sinus pacemaker complex is an extensive structure within the right atrium. We hypothesized that patients with sinus node disease (SND) would have evidence of diffuse atrial abnormalities. Methods and Results{\textemdash} Sixteen patients with symptomatic SND and 16 age-matched controls were studied. The following were evaluated: effective refractory periods (ERPs) from the high and low lateral right atrium (RA), high septal RA, and distal coronary sinus (CS); conduction time along the CS and lateral RA; P-wave duration; and conduction at the crista terminalis. Electroanatomic mapping was performed to define the sinus node complex and determine regional conduction velocity, double potentials, fractionated electrograms, regional voltage, and areas of electrical silence. Patients with SND demonstrated significant increase in atrial ERP at all right atrial sites, increased atrial conduction time along the lateral RA and CS, prolongation of the P-wave duration, and greater number and duration of double potentials along the crista terminalis. Electroanatomic mapping demonstrated the sinus node complex in SND to be more often unicentric, localized to the low crista terminalis at the site of the largest residual voltage amplitude. There was significant regional conduction slowing with double potentials and fractionation associated with areas of low voltage and electrical silence (or scar). Conclusions{\textemdash} SND is associated with diffuse atrial remodeling characterized by structural change, conduction abnormalities, and increased right atrial refractoriness. There was a change in the nature of sinus pacemaker activity with loss of the normal multicentric pattern of activation, caudal shift of the pacemaker complex, and abnormal and circuitous conduction around lines of conduction block.}, language = {en}, number = {12}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Sanders, Prashanthan and Morton, Joseph B. and Kistler, Peter M. and Spence, Steven J. and Davidson, Neil C. and Hussin, Azlan and Vohra, Jitendra K. and Sparks, Paul B. and Kalman, Jonathan M.}, month = mar, year = {2004}, pmid = {15007004}, keywords = {arrhythmia, atrium, fibrillation, pacemakers, sinoatrial node}, pages = {1514--1522}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3ICQ2BUC/Sanders et al. - 2004 - Electrophysiological and Electroanatomic Character.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/II9UATJ9/1514.html:text/html} } @article{callister_coronary_1998, title = {Coronary artery disease: {Improved} reproducibility of calcium scoring with an electron-beam {CT} volumetric method.}, volume = {208}, shorttitle = {Coronary artery disease}, url = {http://radiology.rsna.org/content/208/3/807.abstract}, abstract = {PURPOSE: To assess the variability and reproducibility of a volumetric calcium score calculated with electron-bean computed tomographic (CT) scans of coronary arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two sets of electron-beam CT scans were obtained in patients with coronary calcification (group A) or known risk factors for coronary arterial disease (group B). The second set or scans was obtained after a brief interval (group A, n = 52) or after 1 year with no risk modification (group B, n = 27). Traditional (plaque area and attenuation) and volumetric calcium scores were calculated for each patient and lesion. RESULTS: The median percentage change for individual lesions in group A was 13\% for the volumetric and 19\% for the traditional score. The overall reduction in error with the volumetric score was 40\% (P {\textless} .001). The median percentage change for group A patient totals was 9\% for the volumetric and 15\% for the traditional score (P {\textless} .001). In group B patients, the median volumetric score increased by 44\% after 1 year. CONCLUSION: The volumetric score showed better reproducibility than the traditional score, and its variability was considerably less than the score increase in untreated patients after 1 year. The reproducibility of the volumetric method makes it useful for assessing the progression of coronary arterial disease on serial electron-beam CT studies.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2011-05-09}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Callister, T. Q. and Cooil, B. and Raya, S. P. and Lippolis, N. J. and Russo, D. J. and Raggi, P.}, year = {1998}, pages = {807--814}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S8XXNQWH/Callister et al. - 1998 - Coronary artery disease improved reproducibility .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/293TDM32/807.html:text/html} } @article{ridker_development_2007, title = {Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: {The} {Reynolds} {Risk} {Score}}, volume = {297}, issn = {1538-3598 (Electronic)}, number = {6}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Ridker, P. M. and Buring, J. E. and Rifai, N. and Cook, N. R.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Algorithms, *Risk Assessment, Cardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Risk Factors}, pages = {611--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UH6A7VU6/Ridker-2007-Development and vali.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dickfeld_mri-guided_2011, title = {{MRI}-guided ventricular tachycardia ablation: {Integration} of late gadolinium enhanced 3D scar in patients with {ICD}}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, shorttitle = {{MRI}-{Guided} {Ventricular} {Tachycardia} {Ablation}}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/early/2011/01/26/CIRCEP.110.958744}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.110.958744}, language = {en}, urldate = {2013-05-21}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Dickfeld, Timm and Tian, Jing and Ahmad, Ghada and Jimenez, Alejandro and Turgeman, Aharon and Kuk, Richard and Peters, Matthew and Saliaris, Anastasios and Saba, Magdi and Shorofsky, Stephen and Jeudy, Jean}, month = jan, year = {2011}, pmid = {21270103}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ENFXTSGH/Dickfeld et al. - 2011 - MRI-Guided Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation Integ.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B8QTDQXV/Dickfeld et al. - 2011 - MRI-Guided Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation Integ.html:text/html} } @article{erem_using_2014, title = {Using transmural regularization and dynamic modeling for noninvasive cardiac potential imaging of endocardial pacing with imprecise thoracic geometry}, volume = {33}, issn = {0278-0062}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2013.2295220}, abstract = {Cardiac electrical imaging from body surface potential measurements is increasingly being seen as a technology with the potential for use in the clinic, for example for pre-procedure planning or during-treatment guidance for ventricular arrhythmia ablation procedures. However several important impediments to widespread adoption of this technology remain to be effectively overcome. Here we address two of these impediments: the difficulty of reconstructing electric potentials on the inner (endocardial) as well as outer (epicardial) surfaces of the ventricles, and the need for full anatomical imaging of the subject's thorax to build an accurate subject-specific geometry. We introduce two new features in our reconstruction algorithm: a nonlinear low-order dynamic parameterization derived from the measured body surface signals, and a technique to jointly regularize both surfaces. With these methodological innovations in combination, it is possible to reconstruct endocardial activation from clinically acquired measurements with an imprecise thorax geometry. In particular we test the method using body surface potentials acquired from three subjects during clinical procedures where the subjects' hearts were paced on their endocardia using a catheter device. Our geometric models were constructed using a set of CT scans limited in axial extent to the immediate region near the heart. The catheter system provides a reference location to which we compare our results. We compare our estimates of pacing site localization, in terms of both accuracy and stability, to those reported in a recent clinical publication , where a full set of CT scans were available and only epicardial potentials were reconstructed.}, number = {3}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Erem, B. and Coll-Font, J. and Martinez Orellana, R. and St'ovicek, P. and Brooks, D.H.}, month = mar, year = {2014}, keywords = {Approximation methods, bioelectric potentials, Biomedical imaging, biomedical signal processing, body surface potential measurements, body surface signals, cardiac electrical imaging, Catheters, catheter system, clinically acquired measurements, computed tomography, computerised tomography, computerised tomography scans, diseases, during-treatment guidance, dynamic modeling, electric impedance imaging, Electric potential, electric potential imaging, electric potential reconstruction, Electrocardiography, endocardial activation, endocardial pacing, full anatomical imaging, Heart, image reconstruction, imprecise thoracic geometry, imprecise thorax geometry, inverse problems, medical image processing, noninvasive cardiac potential imaging, nonlinear low-order dynamic parameterization, pacing site localization, preprocedure planning, reconstruction algorithm, subject hearts, subject-specific geometry, subject thorax, surface potential, Surface reconstruction, transmural regularization, ventricles, ventricular arrhythmia ablation procedures}, pages = {726--738}, file = {06685833.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BZI4DNG5/06685833.pdf:application/pdf;IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZC3XD5DJ/articleDetails.html:text/html} } @article{khurram_image_2012, title = {Image intensity ratio, a novel magnetic resonance-based measure for quantification of left atrial fibrosis, correlates with the distribution of atrial bipolar voltage}, volume = {9}, issn = {1547-5271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527112011253}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.09.114}, abstract = {Recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after catheter ablation has been associated with left atrial (LA) fibrosis. However, arbitrary units of measure limit the interpatient comparison of delayed enhancement intensity. We sought to quantify LA fibrosis using a novel normalized measure: the image intensity ratio (IIR) of late-gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI). LGE-MRI images (1.5 Tesla) were obtained in 30 patients (37\% female, mean age 62 {\textpm} 8) prior to first (60\%), second (23\%), or third (17\%) ablation procedure for AF. Multiplanar reformatted images were reconstructed from the stack of 3-D axial image data. Epicardial and endocardial contours were manually drawn around LA myocardium. The IIR, defined as local LA myocardial signal intensity divided by the mean LA blood pool image intensity, was measured for each of 20 sectors created on contiguous axial planes through the LA. Electroanatomic map (EAM) points were registered to the corresponding LGE-MRI images using custom software. A total of 2569 EAM points were analyzed. The average bipolar voltage was 0.9 {\textpm} 1.0 mV (0.5 between and 0.9 within patient standard deviation). Local IIR was strongly associated with bipolar voltage (Figure, P {\textless}.001). Using a generalized estimating equations model clustered by patient and adjusting for age, LA volume, rhythm, gender, CHADS score, and type of AF, each unit increase in local IIR was associated with {\textendash}1.4 mV decrease in bipolar LA voltage (P {\textless}.001). Higher IIR values were observed in areas with lower bipolar voltage on EAM. The IIR obtained from LGE-MRI may improve the quantification of LA fibrosis}, number = {11}, urldate = {2014-04-28}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Khurram, I. M. and Beinart, R. and Yarmohammadi, H. and Sasaki, T. and Spragg, D. D. and Berger, R. D. and Halperin, H. R. and Calkins, H. and Zimmerman, S. L. and Nazarian, S.}, month = nov, year = {2012}, pages = {1917--1918}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DNSFXS2W/Khurram et al. - 2012 - Image Intensity Ratio, a Novel Magnetic Resonance-.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q4GXE5Q5/Khurram et al. - 2012 - Image Intensity Ratio, a Novel Magnetic Resonance-.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{zhang_real_2006, address = {Arlington, VA, USA}, title = {Real time 3-{D} ultrasound to {MR} cardiovascular image registration using a phase-based approach}, booktitle = {3rd {IEEE} {International} {Symposium} on {Biomedical} {Imaging}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Zhang, Weiwei and Noble, J. A. and Brady, J. M.}, month = apr, year = {2006}, keywords = {affine transforms, biomedical MRI, biomedical ultrasonics, cardiovascular system, differential technique, equivalent intensity-based method, global affine transformation, Image registration, medical image processing, MR cardiovascular imaging, phase-based approach, phase mutual information, real time 3-D ultrasound imaging}, pages = {666--669}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2AUDPBPJ/Zhang RT3DUStoMR.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{mansi_framework_2014, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {A framework for the pre-clinical validation of {LBM}-{EP} for the planning and guidance of ventricular tachycardia ablation}, copyright = {{\textcopyright}2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-642-54267-1, 978-3-642-54268-8}, url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-54268-8_30}, abstract = {This manuscript presents a framework for the pre-clinical validation of LBM-EP, a fast cardiac electrophysiology model based on the lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM). The overarching goal is to assess whether the model is able to predict ventricular tachycardia (VT) induction given lead location and stimulation protocol. First, the random-walk algorithm is used to interactively segment the heart ventricles from delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance images (DE-MRI). Scar and border zone are visually delineated using image thresholding. Then, a detailed anatomical model is generated, comprising fiber architecture and spatial distribution of action potential duration. That information is rasterized to a Cartesian grid, and the cardiac potentials are computed. The framework is illustrated on one swine data, for which two different pacing protocols at four different sites were tested. Each of the protocols were then virtually tested by computing seven seconds of heart beat. Model predictions in terms of VT induction were compared with what was observed in the animal. Our parallel implementation on graphics processing units required a total computation time of about two minutes at an isotropic grid resolution of 0.8 mm (21s at a resolution of 1.5 mm), thus enabling interactive VT testing.}, language = {en}, number = {8330}, urldate = {2015-01-14}, booktitle = {Statistical {Atlases} and {Computational} {Models} of the {Heart}. {Imaging} and {Modelling} {Challenges}}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, author = {Mansi, Tommaso and Beinart, Roy and Zettinig, Oliver and Rapaka, Saikiran and Georgescu, Bogdan and Kamen, Ali and Dori, Yoav and Zviman, M. Muz and Herzka, Daniel A. and Halperin, Henry R. and Comaniciu, Dorin}, editor = {Camara, Oscar and Mansi, Tommaso and Pop, Mihaela and Rhode, Kawal and Sermesant, Maxime and Young, Alistair}, month = jan, year = {2014}, keywords = {Computational Biology/Bioinformatics, Computing Methodologies, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Information Storage and Retrieval, Pattern Recognition, User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction}, pages = {253--261}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/P9WI3HHJ/Mansi et al. - 2014 - A Framework for the Pre-clinical Validation of LBM.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3XUN36NF/Mansi et al. - 2014 - A Framework for the Pre-clinical Validation of LBM.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{novotny_stereo_2006, address = {New York, NY, USA}, title = {Stereo display of 3D ultrasound images for surgical robot guidance}, volume = {1}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17946048}, doi = {10.1109/IEMBS.2006.259486}, abstract = {The recent advent of real-time 3-D ultrasound (3DUS) imaging enables a variety of surgical procedures to be performed within the beating heart. Implementation of these procedures is hampered by the difficulty of manipulating tissue guided by the distorted, low resolution 3DUS images and the dexterity constraints imposed by the confined intracardiac space. This paper investigates the use of surgical robotics in conjunction with 3DUS to overcome these limitations. In addition, it describes the development of a graphics processor based volume Tenderer for real-time stereo visualization of the ultrasound data. Stereo displayed 3DUS was compared to ID-displayed 3DUS and endoscopic guidance with a user study. Five subjects performed in vitro surgical tasks using a surgical robot. Results indicate that subjects were able to complete surgical tasks 35 \% faster with stereo-displayed 3DUS images compared to conventional two dimensional display of 3DUS.}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th {Annual} {International} {Conference} of the {IEEE} {Engineering} in {Medicine} and {Biology} {Society}}, author = {Novotny, Paul M. and Kettler, Daniel T. and Jordan, Petr and Dupont, Pierre E. and del Nido, Pedro J. and Howe, Robert D.}, year = {2006}, pmid = {17946048}, keywords = {Data Display, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Photogrammetry, Reproducibility of Results, Robotics, Sensitivity and Specificity, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Ultrasonography, Interventional, User-Computer Interface}, pages = {1509--1512} } @article{stewart_ugt1a1_2007, title = {{UGT}1A1 promoter genotype correlates with {SN}-38 pharmacokinetics, but not severe toxicity in patients receiving low-dose irinotecan}, volume = {25}, issn = {1527-7755 (Electronic)}, number = {18}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author = {Stewart, C. F. and Panetta, J. C. and O'Shaughnessy, M. A. and Throm, S. L. and Fraga, C. H. and Owens, T. and Liu, T. and Billups, C. and Rodriguez-Galindo, C. and Gajjar, A. and Furman, W. L. and McGregor, L. M.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration \& dosage/*adverse, Area Under Curve, Camptothecin/administration \& dosage/adverse effects/*analogs \&, Child, Child, Preschool, Chi-Square Distribution, Clinical Trials as Topic, derivatives/pharmacokinetics, DNA, Neoplasm/analysis, effects/pharmacokinetics, Female, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Neoplasms/*drug therapy/enzymology, Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics, Risk Factors}, pages = {2594--600}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G9U6GMTJ/Stewart-2007-UGT1A1 promoter geno.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wu_fast_2014, title = {Fast catheter segmentation from echocardiographic sequences based on segmentation from corresponding {X}-ray fluoroscopy for cardiac catheterization interventions}, volume = {PP}, issn = {0278-0062}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2014.2360988}, abstract = {Echocardiography is a potential alternative to X-ray fluoroscopy in cardiac catheterization given its richness in soft tissue information and its lack of ionizing radiation. However, its small field of view and acoustic artifacts make direct automatic segmentation of the catheters very challenging. In this study, a fast catheter segmentation framework for echocardiographic imaging guided by the segmentation of corresponding X-ray fluoroscopic imaging is proposed. The complete framework consists of: (1) catheter initialization in the first X-ray frame; (2) catheter tracking in the rest of the X-ray sequence; (3) fast registration of corresponding X-ray and ultrasound frames; and (4) catheter segmentation in ultrasound images guided by the results of both X-ray tracking and fast registration. The main contributions include: (1) a Kalman filter-based growing strategy with more clinical data evalution; (2) a SURF detector applied in a constrained search space for catheter segmentation in ultrasound images; (3) a two layer hierarchical graph model to integrate and smooth catheter fragments into a complete catheter; and (4) the integration of these components into a system for clinical applications. This framework is evaluated on 5 sequences of porcine data and 4 sequences of patient data comprising more than 3000 X-ray frames and more than 1000 ultrasound frames. The results show that our algorithm is able to track the catheter in ultrasound images at 1.3 seconds per frame, with an error of less than 2 mm. However, although this may satisfy the accuracy for visualization purposes and is also fast, the algorithm still needs to be further accelerated for real-time clinical applications.}, number = {99}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Wu, X. and Housden, J. and Ma, Y. and Razavi, B. and Rhode, K. and Rueckert, D.}, year = {2014}, keywords = {Cardiac Catheterization, Catheters, Detectors, Echocardiography, feature extraction, Fluoroscopy, image segmentation, Kalman filters, Segmentation, Tracking, Ultrasonic imaging, X-ray imaging}, pages = {1--1}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T6IXDW35/abs_all.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/98F9VERW/Wu et al. - 2014 - Fast Catheter Segmentation from Echocardiographic .pdf:application/pdf} } @article{despres_bringing_2009, title = {Bringing {JUPITER} down to earth}, volume = {373}, issn = {1474-547X (Electronic)}, number = {9670}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Despres, J. P.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/etiology/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Inflammation, Primary Prevention, Prospective Studies, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Assessment, Risk Reduction Behavior, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use, World Health}, pages = {1147--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NSISAJ7K/Lancet.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{burkhardt_new_2009, title = {New technologies in atrial fibrillation ablation}, volume = {120}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/120/15/1533}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.858233}, language = {en}, number = {15}, urldate = {2014-10-02}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Burkhardt, J. David and Natale, Andrea}, month = oct, year = {2009}, pmid = {19822816}, keywords = {ablation, arrhythmia, Atrial Fibrillation}, pages = {1533--1541}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FMJ67BUD/Burkhardt and Natale - 2009 - New Technologies in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8J3M9KKW/1533.html:text/html} } @article{bravata_systematic_2007, title = {Systematic review: {The} comparative effectiveness of percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass graft surgery}, volume = {147}, issn = {0003-4819}, shorttitle = {Systematic {Review}}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-10-200711200-00185}, doi = {10.7326/0003-4819-147-10-200711200-00185}, abstract = {Background: The comparative effectiveness of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients in whom both procedures are feasible remains poorly understood.Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of PCI and CABG in patients for whom coronary revascularization is clinically indicated.Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases (1966{\^a}{\texteuro}{\textquotedblleft}2006); conference proceedings; and bibliographies of retrieved articles.Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) reported in any language that compared clinical outcomes of PCI with those of CABG, and selected observational studies.Data Extraction: Information was extracted on study design, sample characteristics, interventions, and clinical outcomes.Data Synthesis: The authors identified 23 RCTs in which 5019 patients were randomly assigned to PCI and 4944 patients were randomly assigned to CABG. The difference in survival after PCI or CABG was less than 1\% over 10 years of follow-up. Survival did not differ between PCI and CABG for patients with diabetes in the 6 trials that reported on this subgroup. Procedure-related strokes were more common after CABG than after PCI (1.2\% vs. 0.6\%; risk difference, 0.6\%; P{\^A}~= 0.002). Angina relief was greater after CABG than after PCI, with risk differences ranging from 5\% to 8\% at 1 to 5 years (P {\textless} 0.001). The absolute rates of angina relief at 5 years were 79\% after PCI and 84\% after CABG. Repeated revascularization was more common after PCI than after CABG (risk difference, 24\% at 1 year and 33\% at 5 years; P {\textless} 0.001); the absolute rates at 5 years were 46.1\% after balloon angioplasty, 40.1\% after PCI with stents, and 9.8\% after CABG. In the observational studies, the CABG{\^a}{\texteuro}{\textquotedblleft}PCI hazard ratio for death favored PCI among patients with the least severe disease and CABG among those with the most severe disease.Limitations: The RCTs were conducted in leading centers in selected patients. The authors could not assess whether comparative outcomes vary according to clinical factors, such as extent of coronary disease, ejection fraction, or previous procedures. Only 1 small trial used drug-eluting stents.Conclusion: Compared with PCI, CABG was more effective in relieving angina and led to fewer repeated revascularizations but had a higher risk for procedural stroke. Survival to 10 years was similar for both procedures.}, number = {10}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine}, author = {Bravata, Dena M. and Gienger, Allison L. and McDonald, Kathryn M. and Sundaram, Vandana and Perez, Marco V. and Varghese, Robin and Kapoor, John R. and Ardehali, Reza and Owens, Douglas K. and Hlatky, Mark A.}, month = nov, year = {2007}, pages = {703--716}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M9Q3B44M/Bravata et al. - 2007 - Systematic Review The Comparative Effectiveness o.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{chiappini_cox/maze_2004, title = {Cox/{Maze} {III} operation versus radiofrequency ablation for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation: {A} comparative study}, volume = {77}, issn = {0003-4975}, shorttitle = {Cox/{Maze} {III} operation versus radiofrequency ablation for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003497503014632}, doi = {10.1016/S0003-4975(03)01463-2}, abstract = {Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation, by comparatively analyzing the outcomes of the patients who underwent RF ablation with those of patients who underwent Cox/Maze III surgery. Methods Between April 1995 and June 2002, 70 patients underwent surgery for atrial fibrillation and open-heart surgery at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the University of Bologna: 30 patients underwent the surgical Cox/Maze III procedure (group 1), and 40 patients underwent the RF ablation according to the Maze III configuration at least on the left atrium (group 2). There were 14 males and 56 females, with a mean age of 61.5 {\textpm} 12.5 years (range 22 to 80 years old). Results Groups 1 and 2 did not differ in terms of baseline characteristics. The perioperative mortality rate was not significantly different between the two groups (6.6\% in group 1 vs 7.5\% in group 2). The overall cumulative rates of sinus rhythm were 68.9\% in group 1 and 88.5\% in group 2 (not statistically significant). Biatrial contraction was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography in 70.4\% of the patients in group 1 and 76.5\% of the patients in group 2 (p = 0.65). Conclusions The RF ablation procedure offers as good results as the Cox/Maze III operation, allowing recovery of the sinus rhythm and atrial function in the great majority of patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent open heart surgery; it is a safe and effective means of curing atrial fibrillation with negligible technical and time requirements.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery}, author = {Chiappini, Bruno and Mart{\`i}n-Su{\`a}rez, Sofia and LoForte, Antonino and Arpesella, Giorgio and Di Bartolomeo, Roberto and Marinelli, Giuseppe}, month = jan, year = {2004}, keywords = {24}, pages = {87--92}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FA5R2IRE/Chiappini et al. - 2004 - CoxMaze III operation versus radiofrequency ablat.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PHSZ6D3N/S0003497503014632.html:text/html} } @article{hubacek_prognostic_2009, title = {Prognostic implications of {C}-reactive protein and troponin following percutaneous coronary intervention}, volume = {25}, issn = {1916-7075 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19214300}, number = {2}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Hubacek, J. and Basran, R. S. and Shrive, F. M. and Shewchuk, L. and Goodhart, D. M. and Anderson, T. J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Acute Coronary Syndrome/blood, Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary/*adverse effects, Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use, Biological Markers/blood, Confidence Intervals, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Inflammation/drug therapy/*physiopathology, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Myocardial Infarction/*blood/physiopathology/prevention \& control/*therapy, Myocardium/*pathology, Odds Ratio, Prognosis, Time Factors, Troponin T/*blood}, pages = {e42--7} } @article{steele_threat_1997, title = {A threat in the air: {How} stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance}, volume = {52}, copyright = {(c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved}, issn = {1935-990X(Electronic);0003-066X(Print)}, shorttitle = {A threat in the air}, doi = {10.1037/0003-066X.52.6.613}, abstract = {A general theory of domain identification is used to describe achievement barriers still faced by women in advanced quantitative areas and by African Americans in school. The theory assumes that sustained school success requires identification with school and its subdomains; that societal pressures on these groups (e.g., economic disadvantage, gender roles) can frustrate this identification; and that in school domains where these groups are negatively stereotyped, those who have become domain identified face the further barrier of stereotype threat, the threat that others' judgments or their own actions will negatively stereotype them in the domain. Research shows that this threat dramatically depresses the standardized test performance of women and African Americans who are in the academic vanguard of their groups (offering a new interpretation of group differences in standardized test performance), that it causes disidentification with school, and that practices that reduce this threat can reduce these negative effects.}, number = {6}, journal = {American Psychologist}, author = {Steele, Claude M.}, year = {1997}, keywords = {*Academic Achievement, *Psychosocial Factors, *Social Perception, *Stereotyped Attitudes, Blacks, Human Females, Self Perception}, pages = {613--629}, file = {a_threat_in_the_air.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3ESCUJTS/a_threat_in_the_air.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{hough_machine_1959, address = {Geneva}, title = {Machine analysis of bubble chamber pictures}, booktitle = {International {Conference} on {High} {Energy} {Accelerators} and {Instrumentation}}, publisher = {Organisation Europ{\'e}enne pour la Recherche Nucl{\'e}aire}, author = {Hough, P. V. C.}, editor = {Kowarski, L.}, month = sep, year = {1959}, keywords = {bibtex-import}, pages = {554--556}, file = {HEACC59_598-602.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RHAK6P2V/HEACC59_598-602.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mutschler_structural_2013, title = {Structural basis of empathy and the domain general region in the anterior insular cortex}, volume = {7}, url = {http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00177/abstract}, doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2013.00177}, abstract = {Empathy is key for healthy social functioning and individual differences in empathy have strong implications for manifold domains of social behavior. Empathy comprises of emotional and cognitive components and may also be closely linked to sensorimotor processes, which go along with the motivation and behavior to respond compassionately to another person's feelings. There is growing evidence for local plastic change in the structure of the healthy adult human brain in response to environmental demands or intrinsic factors. Here we have investigated changes in brain structure resulting from or predisposing to empathy. Structural MRI data of 101 healthy adult females was analyzed. Empathy in fictitious as well as real-life situations was assessed using a validated self-evaluation measure. Furthermore, empathy-related structural effects were also put into the context of a functional map of the anterior insular cortex (AIC) determined by activation likelihood estimate (ALE) meta-analysis of previous functional imaging studies. We found that gray matter (GM) density in the left dorsal AIC correlates with empathy and that this area overlaps with the domain general region (DGR) of the anterior insula that is situated in-between functional systems involved in emotion{\textendash}cognition, pain, and motor tasks as determined by our meta-analysis. Thus, we propose that this insular region where we find structural differences depending on individual empathy may play a crucial role in modulating the efficiency of neural integration underlying emotional, cognitive, and sensorimotor information which is essential for global empathy.}, urldate = {2013-05-21}, journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience}, author = {Mutschler, Isabella and Reinbold, C{\'e}line and Seifritz, Erich and Ball, Tonio}, year = {2013}, keywords = {auditory perception, emotion, individual differences, language, pain, sensorimotor integration, social neuroscience, voxel-based morphometry}, pages = {177}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9QGB6HHA/Mutschler et al. - 2013 - Structural basis of empathy and the domain general.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{shinbane_tachycardia-induced_1997, title = {Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy: {A} review of animal models and clinical studies}, volume = {29}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Tachycardia-{Induced} {Cardiomyopathy}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S073510979600592X}, doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(96)00592-X}, abstract = {The increasing prevalence of congestive heart failure has focused importance on the search for potentially reversible etiologies of cardiomyopathy. The concept that incessant or chronic tachycardias can lead to ventricular dysfunction that is reversible is supported by both animal models of chronic rapid pacing as well as human studies documenting improvement in ventricular function with tachycardia rate or rhythm control. Sustained rapid pacing in experimental animal models can produce severe biventricular systolic dysfunction. Hemodynamic changes occur as soon as 24 h after rapid pacing, with continued deterioration in ventricular function for up to 3 to 5 weeks, resulting in end-stage heart failure. The recovery from pacing-induced cardiomyopathy demonstrates that the myopathic process associated with rapid heart rates is largely reversible. Within 48 h after termination of pacing, hemodynamic variables approach control levels, and left ventricular ejection fraction shows significant recovery with subsequent normalization after 1 to 2 weeks. In humans, descriptions of reversal of cardiomyopathy with rate or rhythm control of incessant or chronic tachycardias have been reported with atrial tachycardias, accessory pathway reciprocating tachycardias, atrioventricular (AV) node reentry and atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular responses. Control of AF rapid ventricular responses has been demonstrated to improve ventricular dysfunction with cardioversion to sinus rhythm, pharmacologic ventricular rate control and AV junction ablation and permanent ventricular pacing. The investigation of potential tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in patients with heart failure requires further prospective confirmation in larger numbers of patients, with study of mechanisms, patient groups affected and optimal therapies. (J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:709{\textendash}15)}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Shinbane, Jerold S. and Wood, Mark A. and Jensen, D. Nick and Ellenbogen, Kenneth A. and Fitzpatrick, Adam P. and Scheinman, Melvin M.}, month = mar, year = {1997}, pages = {709--715}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6F38CEUW/Shinbane et al. - 1997 - Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy A Review of An.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DCW33T6T/S073510979600592X.html:text/html} } @article{peters_detection_2007, title = {Detection of pulmonary vein and left atrial scar after catheter ablation with three-dimensional navigator-gated delayed enhancement {MR} imaging: {Initial} experience}, volume = {243}, issn = {0033-8419}, shorttitle = {Detection of {Pulmonary} {Vein} and {Left} {Atrial} {Scar} after {Catheter} {Ablation} with {Three}-dimensional {Navigator}-gated {Delayed} {Enhancement} {MR} {Imaging}}, url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiol.2433060417}, doi = {10.1148/radiol.2433060417}, abstract = {Purpose: To prospectively evaluate whether scar caused by radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the left atrium (LA) in patients with atrial fibrillation can be depicted with high-spatial-resolution delayed enhancement magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Materials and Methods: All 23 subjects (16 men, seven women; mean age, 54 years {\textpm} 13 [standard deviation]) provided written informed consent; the study was approved by the local institutional review board and was HIPAA compliant. A high-spatial-resolution free-breathing delayed enhancement MR imaging method was developed to detect scar (ie, ablated tissue) in the LA and pulmonary veins (PVs). The LA in 15 patients before ablation and in 18 patients at least 30 days after ablation was examined. A reader with 4 years of experience assessed presence of delayed enhancement on images and circumferential completeness. Signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios were measured and compared with an unpaired t test. The relationship between measurements of enhancement thickness at the interatrial septum and the number of days after ablation was investigated. Results: No subject demonstrated preablation delayed enhancement of the atrial or PV wall, whereas postablation delayed enhancement was identified in all (100\%). In patients after ablation, a partial to completely circumferential delayed enhancement pattern could be identified for the left inferior PV that encompassed 88\% {\textpm} 11 of the circumference, but only 62\% of patients demonstrated more than 90\% circumferential delayed enhancement. The signal-to-noise ratio of blood was 12, and the signal-to-noise ratios of the pre- and postablation left atrial wall were 15 and 22, respectively (P {\textless} .05). A relationship between delayed enhancement wall thickness and the inverse of the time interval from ablation was identified (P {\textless} .05). Conclusion: High-spatial-resolution delayed enhancement MR imaging allows noninvasive identification of scar induced by RF ablation following isolation therapy of the PV. {\textcopyright} RSNA, 2007}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-08-26}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Peters, Dana C. and Wylie, John V. and Hauser, Thomas H. and Kissinger, Kraig V. and Botnar, Ren{\'e} M. and Essebag, Vidal and Josephson, Mark E. and Manning, Warren J.}, month = jun, year = {2007}, pages = {690--695}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RA32B4UA/Peters et al. - 2007 - Detection of Pulmonary Vein and Left Atrial Scar a.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WCSIHQSX/radiol.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{gobbi_ultrasound_1999, address = {Cambridge, UK}, title = {Ultrasound probe tracking for real-time ultrasound/{MRI} overlay and visualization of brain shift}, isbn = {3-540-66503-X}, url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=709913}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {International} {Conference} on {Medical} {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention}}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Gobbi, David G. and Comeau, Roch M. and Peters, Terry M.}, year = {1999}, pages = {920--927}, file = {ACM Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UCP7VSTT/citation.html:text/html;GobbiD_08_MICCAI_1999.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PWTWG4BF/GobbiD_08_MICCAI_1999.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dorian_rate_2010, title = {Rate control in atrial fibrillation}, volume = {362}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe1002301}, doi = {10.1056/NEJMe1002301}, abstract = {Untreated atrial fibrillation is usually associated with a rapid, irregular ventricular response and is often accompanied by symptoms including palpitations, fatigue, dyspnea, and dizziness. It is widely accepted that slowing the ventricular response, both at rest and during activity, with the use of drugs that prolong the refractory period of the atrioventricular (AV) node (so-called rate-control agents) will result in an improvement in symptoms and most likely reduce the future risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The strategy of rate control is preferred by most physicians to the strategy of rhythm control as initial therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation,1 given . . .}, number = {15}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Dorian, Paul}, month = apr, year = {2010}, pmid = {20231233}, pages = {1439--1441}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2AKMFSCM/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8KACM3B9/NEJMe1002301.html:text/html} } @article{boukerroui_segmentation_2003, title = {Segmentation of ultrasound images{\textendash}{\textendash}multiresolution 2D and 3D algorithm based on global and local statistics}, volume = {24}, issn = {0167-8655}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167865502001812}, doi = {10.1016/S0167-8655(02)00181-2}, abstract = {In this paper, we propose a robust adaptive region segmentation algorithm for noisy images, within a Bayesian framework. A multiresolution implementation of the algorithm is performed using a wavelets basis and can be used to process both 2D and 3D data. In this work we focus on the adaptive character of the algorithm and we discuss how global and local statistics can be utilised in the segmentation process. We propose an improvement on the adaptivity by introducing an enhancement to control the adaptive properties of the segmentation process. This takes the form of a weighting function accounting for both local and global statistics, and is introduced in the minimisation. A new formulation of the segmentation problem allows us to control the effective contribution of each statistical component. The segmentation algorithm is demonstrated on synthetic data, 2D breast ultrasound data and on echocardiographic sequences (2D+T). An evaluation of the performance of the proposed algorithm is also presented.}, number = {4{\textendash}5}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Pattern Recognition Letters}, author = {Boukerroui, Djamal and Baskurt, Atilla and Noble, J. Alison and Basset, Olivier}, month = feb, year = {2003}, keywords = {Adaptive algorithm, Bayesian segmentation, Multiresolution, Ultrasound}, pages = {779--790}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/24D5DH88/Boukerroui et al. - 2003 - Segmentation of ultrasound images{\textendash}{\textendash}multiresolution.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZAJJSZKT/S0167865502001812.html:text/html} } @phdthesis{zhang_multimodal_2007, address = {Oxford, England}, title = {Multimodal cardiovascular image analysis using phase information}, school = {University of Oxford}, author = {Zhang, Weiwei}, year = {2007}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6HGJSBV2/WWZThesis.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sarter_redefining_1992, series = {A {Symposium}: {Management} of {Heart} {Failure} in the 1990s: {A} {Reassessment} of the {Role} of {Digoxin} {Therapy}}, title = {Redefining the role of digoxin in the treatment of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {69}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0002914992912564}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(92)91256-4}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation (AF) encompasses a variety of discrete clinical syndromes, including paroxysmal, chronic, acute, and postoperative. Digoxin, long considered the mainstay of therapy for rate control in all types of AF, appears to have only modest electrophysiologic effects, which are mediated primarily by the autonomic nervous system. Digoxin has less potency than the calcium antagonists or $\beta$-blocking drugs with respect to atrioventricular nodal blockade. Although less potent than calcium antagonists or $\beta$-blocking drugs on the atrioventricular node, digoxin provides positive inotropic support, whereas the other 2 agents can suppress left ventricular function. Thus, digoxin is the agent of choice in patients with AF in the setting of significant left ventricular dysfunction. However, in the absence of left ventricular dysfunction, digoxin should be considered second-line therapy for the treatment of all AF syndromes.}, number = {18}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Sarter, Brian H. and Marchlinski, Francis E.}, month = jun, year = {1992}, pages = {71--81}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X8NH9HRC/Sarter and Marchlinski - 1992 - Redefining the role of digoxin in the treatment of.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KZJZJ7BB/0002914992912564.html:text/html} } @article{davis_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271278}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Davis, C. E.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Bias (Epidemiology), Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, C-Reactive Protein/metabolism, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Research Design, Risk, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use}, pages = {1040; author reply 1041--2} } @article{campbell_advances_1994, title = {Advances in statistical methodology for the evaluation of diagnostic and laboratory tests}, volume = {13}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 1994 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.}, issn = {1097-0258}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sim.4780130513/abstract}, doi = {10.1002/sim.4780130513}, abstract = {The ROC plot is a useful tool in the evaluation of the performance of medical tests for separating two populations. For a two-state decision rule based on such a test, the ROC plot is the graph of all observed (1-specificity, sensitivity) pairs. Each point on this empirical plot can be represented by a 2 {\texttimes} 2 contingency table. The non-parametric statistics of Mann-Whitney and Kolmogorov-Smirnov can be immediately identified on this plot. Local non-parametric confidence interval procedures related to the theoretical ROC curve are briefly reviewed. For continuous data, two new simultaneous confidence regions associated with the ROC curve are presented, one based on Kolmogorov-Smirnov confidence bands for distribution functions and the other based on bootstrapping. Two different tests on the same patients can be compared on the ROC scale. For continuous data, one important problem concerns the comparison of two ROC plots (as would arise from two correlated diagnostic tests on each patient) using a sup norm (this metric can detect differences that the ROC area cannot). The distribution of a statistic based on this norm is studied, using the bootstrap. A biomedical example illustrates the methodologies.}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-09-07}, journal = {Statistics in Medicine}, author = {Campbell, Gregory}, month = mar, year = {1994}, pages = {499--508}, file = {4780130513_ftp.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EBX24IB9/4780130513_ftp.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JIZA5WU2/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{zweig_receiver-operating_1993, title = {Receiver-operating characteristic ({ROC}) plots: {A} fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine}, volume = {39}, issn = {0009-9147}, shorttitle = {Receiver-operating characteristic ({ROC}) plots}, abstract = {The clinical performance of a laboratory test can be described in terms of diagnostic accuracy, or the ability to correctly classify subjects into clinically relevant subgroups. Diagnostic accuracy refers to the quality of the information provided by the classification device and should be distinguished from the usefulness, or actual practical value, of the information. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots provide a pure index of accuracy by demonstrating the limits of a test's ability to discriminate between alternative states of health over the complete spectrum of operating conditions. Furthermore, ROC plots occupy a central or unifying position in the process of assessing and using diagnostic tools. Once the plot is generated, a user can readily go on to many other activities such as performing quantitative ROC analysis and comparisons of tests, using likelihood ratio to revise the probability of disease in individual subjects, selecting decision thresholds, using logistic-regression analysis, using discriminant-function analysis, or incorporating the tool into a clinical strategy by using decision analysis.}, language = {eng}, number = {4}, journal = {Clinical Chemistry}, author = {Zweig, M. H. and Campbell, G.}, month = apr, year = {1993}, pmid = {8472349}, keywords = {Chemistry, Clinical, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Humans}, pages = {561--577}, file = {561.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QXXFGNA8/561.full.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{jasaityte_current_2013, title = {Current state of three-dimensional myocardial strain estimation using echocardiography}, volume = {26}, issn = {0894-7317}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089473171200795X}, doi = {10.1016/j.echo.2012.10.005}, abstract = {With the developments in ultrasound transducer technology and both hardware and software computing, real-time volumetric imaging has become widely available, accompanied by various methods of assessing three-dimensional (3D) myocardial strain, often referred to as 3D speckle-tracking echocardiographic methods. Indeed, these methods should provide cardiologists with a better view of regional myocardial mechanics, which might be important for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. However, currently available 3D speckle-tracking echocardiographic methods are based on different algorithms, which introduce substantial differences between them and make them not interchangeable with each other. Therefore, it is critical that each 3D speckle-tracking echocardiographic method is validated individually before being introduced into clinical practice. In this review, the authors discuss differences and similarities of the currently available 3D strain estimation approaches and provide an overview of the current status of their validation.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-17}, journal = {Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography}, author = {Jasaityte, Ruta and Heyde, Brecht and D{\textquoteright}hooge, Jan}, month = jan, year = {2013}, keywords = {3D strain, Echocardiography, Heart, Myocardial deformation, Validation}, pages = {15--28}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/K49RAKWH/Jasaityte et al. - 2013 - Current State of Three-Dimensional Myocardial Stra.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C52HE858/S089473171200795X.html:text/html} } @article{baigent_efficacy_2005, title = {Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins}, volume = {366}, issn = {1474-547X (Electronic)}, number = {9493}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Baigent, C. and Keech, A. and Kearney, P. M. and Blackwell, L. and Buck, G. and Pollicino, C. and Kirby, A. and Sourjina, T. and Peto, R. and Collins, R. and Simes, R.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Cause of Death, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, Coronary Disease/mortality/prevention \& control, effects/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse, Hypercholesterolemia/*drug therapy, Myocardial Infarction/mortality, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors, Stroke/mortality/prevention \& control, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1267--78}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UGZV4M7U/Baigent.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{kumar_robbins_2004, title = {Robbins \& {Cotran} {Pathologic} {Basis} of {Disease}}, isbn = {0721601871}, publisher = {Saunders}, author = {Kumar, V. and Fausto, N. and Abbas, A.}, year = {2004} } @article{doi_current_2005, title = {Current status and future potential of computer-aided diagnosis in medical imaging}, volume = {78}, issn = {0007-1285}, url = {http://www.birpublications.org/doi/abs/10.1259/bjr/82933343}, doi = {10.1259/bjr/82933343}, abstract = {Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has become one of the major research subjects in medical imaging and diagnostic radiology. The basic concept of CAD is to provide a computer output as a second opinion to assist radiologists' image interpretation by improving the accuracy and consistency of radiological diagnosis and also by reducing the image reading time. In this article, a number of CAD schemes are presented, with emphasis on potential clinical applications. These schemes include: (1) detection and classification of lung nodules on digital chest radiographs; (2) detection of nodules in low dose CT; (3) distinction between benign and malignant nodules on high resolution CT; (4) usefulness of similar images for distinction between benign and malignant lesions; (5) quantitative analysis of diffuse lung diseases on high resolution CT; and (6) detection of intracranial aneurysms in magnetic resonance angiography. Because CAD can be applied to all imaging modalities, all body parts and all kinds of examinations, it is likely that CAD will have a major impact on medical imaging and diagnostic radiology in the 21st century.}, urldate = {2015-01-02}, journal = {British Journal of Radiology}, author = {Doi, K}, month = jan, year = {2005}, pages = {s3--s19}, file = {24_CurrentStatusCAD.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5FUT7FXP/24_CurrentStatusCAD.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VCX5GABK/82933343.html:text/html} } @article{ridker_inflammation_1997, title = {Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men}, volume = {336}, issn = {0028-4793 (Print)}, number = {14}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Ridker, P. M. and Cushman, M. and Stampfer, M. J. and Tracy, R. P. and Hennekens, C. H.}, year = {1997}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Aspirin/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Brain Ischemia/*etiology/immunology/prevention \& control, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis/drug effects, Humans, Inflammation/blood/*complications/drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/*etiology/immunology/prevention \& control, Risk, Thrombophlebitis/etiology/immunology/prevention \& control}, pages = {973--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ST4X2F49/Ridker-1997-Inflammation, aspiri.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{schreijer_fluid_2008, title = {Fluid loss does not explain coagulation activation during air travel}, volume = {99}, issn = {0340-6245 (Print)}, number = {6}, journal = {Thromb Haemost}, author = {Schreijer, A. J. and Cannegieter, S. C. and Caramella, M. and Meijers, J. C. and Krediet, R. T. and Simons, R. M. and Rosendaal, F. R.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Aircraft, *Blood Coagulation, *Travel, *Water-Electrolyte Balance, Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Antithrombin III, Cross-Over Studies, Dehydration/blood/*complications/etiology/physiopathology, Drinking, Female, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/metabolism, Hematocrit, Humans, Immobilization/adverse effects, Male, Osmolar Concentration, Peptide Fragments/blood, Peptide Hydrolases/blood, Prothrombin, Risk Factors, Serum Albumin/metabolism, Venous Thrombosis/*blood/etiology/physiopathology}, pages = {1053--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7FBCNM74/Travel.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sanders_electrical_2003, title = {Electrical remodeling of the atria in congestive heart failure electrophysiological and electroanatomic mapping in humans}, volume = {108}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/108/12/1461}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000090688.49283.67}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently complicates congestive heart failure (CHF). However, the electrophysiological substrate for AF in humans with CHF remains unknown. We evaluated the electrophysiological and electroanatomic characteristics of the atria in patients with CHF. Methods and Results{\textemdash} Twenty-one patients (aged 53.7{\textpm}13.6 years) with symptomatic CHF (left ventricular ejection fraction 25.5{\textpm}6.0\%) and 21 age-matched controls were studied. The following were evaluated: effective refractory periods (ERPs) from the high and low lateral right atrium (LRA), high septal right atrium, and distal coronary sinus (CS); conduction time along the CS and LRA; corrected sinus node recovery times; P-wave duration; and conduction at the crista terminalis. In a subset, electroanatomic mapping was performed to determine atrial activation, regional conduction velocity, double potentials, fractionated electrograms, regional voltage, and areas of electrical silence. Patients with CHF demonstrated an increase in atrial ERP with no change in the heterogeneity of refractoriness, an increase of atrial conduction time along the LRA and the CS, prolongation of the P-wave duration and corrected sinus node recovery times, and greater number and duration of double potentials along the crista terminalis. Electroanatomic mapping demonstrated regional conduction slowing with a greater number of electrograms with fractionation or double potentials, associated with areas of low voltage and electrical silence (scar). Patients with CHF demonstrated an increased propensity for AF with single extrastimuli, and induced AF was more often sustained. Conclusions{\textemdash} Atrial remodeling due to CHF is characterized by structural changes, abnormalities of conduction, sinus node dysfunction, and increased refractoriness. These abnormalities may be responsible in part for the increased propensity for AF in CHF.}, language = {en}, number = {12}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Sanders, Prashanthan and Morton, Joseph B. and Davidson, Neil C. and Spence, Steven J. and Vohra, Jitendra K. and Sparks, Paul B. and Kalman, Jonathan M.}, month = sep, year = {2003}, pmid = {12952837}, keywords = {arrhythmia, atrium, electrophysiology, heart failure, remodeling}, pages = {1461--1468}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NX94WAG8/Sanders et al. - 2003 - Electrical Remodeling of the Atria in Congestive H.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RIJ64X9B/1461.html:text/html} } @misc{bache_heart_1988, title = {Heart disease data set}, url = {https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Heart+Disease}, urldate = {2015-01-12}, author = {Bache, K. and Lichman, M.}, year = {1988}, biboverride = {Andras Janosi, William Steinbrunn, Matthias Pfisterer, and Robert Detrano, \newblock ``Heart disease data set,'' \textit{UCI Machine Learning Repository}, K. Bache and M. Lichman, Eds., \newblock University of California, Irvine, CA, USA, 1988, \newblock Accessed 12 Jan 2014: \verb!http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/! \verb!datasets/Heart+Disease!}, file = {UCI Machine Learning Repository:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9ACJ3EFE/index.html:text/html} } @article{peters_recurrence_2009, title = {Recurrence of atrial fibrillation correlates with the extent of post-procedural late gadolinium enhancement: {A} pilot study}, volume = {2}, issn = {1936-878X}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.10.016}, doi = {10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.10.016}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-09}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Peters, Dana C. and Wylie, John V. and Hauser, Thomas H. and Nezafat, Reza and Han, Yuchi and Woo, Jeong Joo and Taclas, Jason and Kissinger, Kraig V. and Goddu, Beth and Josephson, Mark E. and Manning, Warren J.}, month = mar, year = {2009}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, cardiac mri, cicatrization, gadolinium, Radiofrequency ablation}, pages = {308--316}, file = {10016.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XN3IPSBN/10016.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{laslett_hypertension_1995, title = {Hypertension: {Preoperative} assessment and perioperative management}, volume = {162}, issn = {0093-0415 (Print) 0093-0415 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Western Journal of Medicine}, author = {Laslett, L.}, year = {1995}, keywords = {*Surgical Procedures, Operative, Humans, Hypertension/complications/*drug therapy}, pages = {215--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J8SDWV7G/HypertensionPreop.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zou_receiver-operating_2007, title = {Receiver-operating characteristic analysis for evaluating diagnostic tests and predictive models}, volume = {115}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/115/5/654}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.594929}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-09-29}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Zou, Kelly H. and O{\textquoteright}Malley, A. James and Mauri, Laura}, month = feb, year = {2007}, pmid = {17283280}, keywords = {diagnosis, ROC curve, Sensitivity and Specificity, Statistics, tests}, pages = {654--657}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M9KKKW5B/Zou et al. - 2007 - Receiver-Operating Characteristic Analysis for Eva.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KEWZ8TPP/654.html:text/html} } @article{jylhava_genetics_2009, title = {Genetics of {C}-reactive protein and complement factor {H} have an epistatic effect on carotid artery compliance: {The} {Cardiovascular} {Risk} in {Young} {Finns} {Study}}, volume = {155}, issn = {1365-2249 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {Clinical \& Experimental Immunology}, author = {Jylhava, J. and Eklund, C. and Pessi, T. and Raitakari, O. T. and Juonala, M. and Kahonen, M. and Viikari, J. S. and Lehtimaki, T. and Hurme, M.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Polymorphism, Genetic, Adult, Atherosclerosis/*genetics/immunology, Carotid Arteries/immunology/*physiopathology, Carotid Artery Diseases/*genetics/immunology, Complement Factor H/*genetics, C-Reactive Protein/*genetics, Epistasis, Genetic, Female, Finland, Follow-Up Studies, Haplotypes, Health Surveys, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Vascular Resistance/genetics}, pages = {53--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C5GMWDXB/Jylhava-2009-Genetics of C-reacti.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{de_lima_randomized_2004, title = {Randomized study of surgery for patients with permanent atrial fibrillation as a result of mitral valve disease}, volume = {77}, issn = {0003-4975}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003497504000207}, doi = {10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.11.018}, abstract = {Background The Cox Maze procedure has been used to treat atrial fibrillation in patients with mitral valve disease. Recently, ectopic foci, originating in the pulmonary veins, were demonstrated in patients with atrial fibrillation, and the indication was that their arrhythmia could have a focal origin. In the light of this new evidence, a simplified surgical technique to isolate the pulmonary veins was developed to eliminate permanent atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. This study compares three surgical procedures proposed to maintain sinus rhythm after mitral valve surgery. Methods A prospective clinical trial of 30 patients with mitral valve disease and permanent atrial fibrillation who had undergone mitral valve surgery were randomized in accordance with the type of surgery used on each: (1) associated en bloc isolation of pulmonary veins, (2) the Maze procedure, or (3) mitral valve correction alone. The preoperative clinical characteristics were similar in the three groups. Results The overall postoperative complications were similar in all three groups. The cardiopulmonary bypass time and the aortic cross-clamping time were shorter in the control group, but this factor bore no relation to increased morbidity in the intervention groups. The relative risk of atrial fibrillation after surgery was 0.08 in the group undergoing isolation of pulmonary veins (p = 0.010; 95\% confidence interval, 0.01 to 0.71) and 0.20 in the Maze group (p = 0.044; 95\% confidence interval, 0.04 to 1.02) compared with the control group. Conclusions En bloc isolation of pulmonary veins associated with mitral valve surgery appears to be safe and just as effective as the Maze procedure in maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation.}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery}, author = {de Lima, Gustavo Glotz and Kalil, Renato A. K. and Leiria, Tiago L. L. and Hatem, Domingos M. and Kruse, Claudio L. and Abrah{\~a}o, Rog{\'e}rio and Sant'anna, Jo{\~a}o R. M. and Prates, Paulo R. and Nesralla, Ivo A.}, month = jun, year = {2004}, keywords = {24}, pages = {2089--2094}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/89H6A93S/de Lima et al. - 2004 - Randomized study of surgery for patients with perm.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7QHF74GK/S0003497504000207.html:text/html} } @article{collignon_registration_1994, title = {Registration of 3D multi-modality medical images using surfaces and point landmarks}, volume = {15}, issn = {0167-8655}, shorttitle = {Volume image processing ({VIP}'93)}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167865594901376}, doi = {10.1016/0167-8655(94)90137-6}, abstract = {An algorithm is presented for the geometric registration of 3D multi-modality medical images using a weighted combination of point landmarks and anatomical surfaces. The algorithm includes a new fully automatic outlier treatment method.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2012-09-18}, journal = {Pattern Recognition Letters}, author = {Collignon, Andr{\'e} and Vandermeulen, Dirk and Suetens, Paul and Marchal, Guy}, month = may, year = {1994}, keywords = {Geometric registration, Multi-modality, Outlier treatment}, pages = {461--467}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RSE4R5MT/Collignon et al. - 1994 - Registration of 3D multi-modality medical images u.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FE8X344B/Collignon et al. - 1994 - Registration of 3D multi-modality medical images u.html:text/html} } @article{marsan_usefulness_2009, title = {Usefulness of multimodality imaging for detecting differences in temporal occurrence of left ventricular systolic mechanical events in healthy young adults}, volume = {104}, issn = {1879-1913 (Electronic)}, number = {3}, journal = {American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Marsan, N. A. and Tops, L. F. and Westenberg, J. J. and Delgado, V. and de Roos, A. and van der Wall, E. E. and Schalij, M. J. and Bax, J. J.}, year = {2009}, pages = {440--6}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HQ5MMTUQ/Marsan MultimodCardiac.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{larrazet_factors_2003, title = {Factors influencing fluoroscopy time and dose-area product values during ad hoc one-vessel percutaneous coronary angioplasty}, volume = {76}, url = {http://bjr.birjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/76/907/473}, doi = {10.1259/bjr/21553230}, abstract = {X-ray exposure during radiologically guided interventional procedures may have some deleterious effects. The aim of our study was to analyse the factors affecting patient dose during percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA). We evaluated radiation dose during coronary angiography followed by one-vessel PTCA in 402 consecutive patients who were treated by three experienced physicians using both femoral and radial techniques. Fluoroscopy time (t) and patient dose measured by a dose-area product (DAP) meter were recorded. A good correlation was observed between t and the DAP (r=0.78, p{\textless}0.001). To assess the factors affecting radiation exposure, we studied the differences between operators, arterial catheterization access and stenting strategy. Median (25th to 75th percentiles) values for t were 19 (13 to 26) min and for DAP were 191 (145 to 256) Gy cm2 for operator 3 compared with t=12 (9 to 18) min and DAP=137 (91 to 208) Gy cm2 for operator 2 (p{\textless}0.005 versus operator 3) and t=13 (9 to 17) min, and DAP=134 (93 to 190) Gy cm2 for operator 1 (p{\textless}0.001 versus operator 3). Differences between the radial and the femoral techniques were: t=17 (13 to 24) min versus 12 (8 to 17) min, (p{\textless}0.001) and DAP=175 (128 to 246) Gy cm2 versus 138 (93 to 197) Gy cm2, (p{\textless}0.001). In comparison with stenting without pre-dilation, direct stenting significantly reduced t and DAP [t=12 (9 to 16) min versus 16 (11 to 22) min, (p{\textless}0.001) and DAP=130 (95 to 186) Gy cm2 versus 163 (119 to 230) Gy cm2, respectively, (p{\textless}0.01)]. Radiation exposure to patients and staff are strongly dependent on operators, stenting strategy and the arterial access chosen for ad hoc one-vessel PTCA.}, number = {907}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {British Journal of Radiology}, author = {Larrazet, F. and Dibie, A. and Philippe, F. and Palau, R. and Klausz, R. and Laborde, F.}, month = jul, year = {2003}, pages = {473--477}, file = {473.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GQWUDW9P/473.pdf:application/pdf;HighWire Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5QX2FEZ8/473.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{scovanner_3-dimensional_2007, address = {New York, NY, USA}, series = {{MULTIMEDIA} '07}, title = {A 3-dimensional sift descriptor and its application to action recognition}, isbn = {978-1-59593-702-5}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1291233.1291311}, doi = {10.1145/1291233.1291311}, abstract = {In this paper we introduce a 3-dimensional (3D) SIFT descriptor for video or 3D imagery such as MRI data. We also show how this new descriptor is able to better represent the 3D nature of video data in the application of action recognition. This paper will show how 3D SIFT is able to outperform previously used description methods in an elegant and efficient manner. We use a bag of words approach to represent videos, and present a method to discover relationships between spatio-temporal words in order to better describe the video data.}, urldate = {2013-08-23}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Multimedia}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Scovanner, Paul and Ali, Saad and Shah, Mubarak}, year = {2007}, pages = {357--360}, file = {ACM Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9BXUBC7K/Scovanner et al. - 2007 - A 3-dimensional sift descriptor and its applicatio.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{bomgaars_phase_2007, title = {Phase {II} trial of irinotecan in children with refractory solid tumors: a {Children}'s {Oncology} {Group} {Study}}, volume = {25}, issn = {1527-7755 (Electronic)}, number = {29}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology}, author = {Bomgaars, L. R. and Bernstein, M. and Krailo, M. and Kadota, R. and Das, S. and Chen, Z. and Adamson, P. C. and Blaney, S. M.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*therapeutic use, Brain Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics, Hepatoblastoma/drug therapy, Humans, Infant, Male, Medulloblastoma/drug therapy, Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {4622--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PPARP5XR/Bomgaars-2007-Phase II trial of ir.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{owen_new_1998, title = {New antidepressants and the cytochrome {P}450 system: {Focus} on venlafaxine, nefazodone, and mirtazapine}, volume = {7 Suppl 1}, issn = {1091-4269 (Print)}, journal = {Depression and Anxiety}, author = {Owen, J. R. and Nemeroff, C. B.}, year = {1998}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Cyclohexanols/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*antagonists \& inhibitors/physiology, Depressive Disorder/*drug therapy/enzymology, Humans, Isoenzymes/*antagonists \& inhibitors/physiology, Mianserin/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Triazoles/*adverse effects/therapeutic use}, pages = {24--32}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/P8DCN6A2/Owen.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{marx_rosens_2006, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Rosen's {Emergency} {Medicine}: {Concepts} and {Clinical} {Practice}}, isbn = {0-323-02845-4}, publisher = {Mosby, Inc.}, author = {Marx, John A.}, year = {2006} } @article{parrish_authenticity_2014, title = {Authenticity and the native cultural experience at {Tillicum} {Village}}, volume = {4}, abstract = {Tillicum Village, a Seattle-area dinner theatre attraction, purports to present an authentic version of Native tradition for visitors. I argue that the cultural elements presented at Tillicum Village represent only a superficial authenticity, one that mixes from several cultures yet claims to be a cohesive whole. Tillicum Village{\textquoteright}s claims to authenticity are undermined by the commodification of the self experienced by its theater performers, as well as the site{\textquoteright}s deliberately heterotopic construction. The discrepancies between the promotion and the reality of Tillicum Village reflect the recent conversion to a corporate enterprise, and ultimately undermine the site{\textquoteright}s educational potential.}, number = {1}, journal = {Student Anthropologist}, author = {Parrish, Sabine}, year = {2014}, pages = {56--64}, file = {sa2014_parrish.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U3IF89XA/sa2014_parrish.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{walt_numpy_2011, title = {The {NumPy} array: {A} structure for efficient numerical computation}, volume = {13}, issn = {1521-9615}, shorttitle = {The {NumPy} {Array}}, url = {http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/cise/13/2/10.1109/MCSE.2011.37}, doi = {10.1109/MCSE.2011.37}, abstract = {In the Python world, NumPy arrays are the standard representation for numerical data and enable efficient implementation of numerical computations in a high-level language. As this effort shows, NumPy performance can be improved through three techniques: vectorizing calculations, avoiding copying data in memory, and minimizing operation counts.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-08-26}, journal = {Computing in Science \& Engineering}, author = {Walt, St{\'e}fan van der and Colbert, S. Chris and Varoquaux, Ga{\"e}l}, month = mar, year = {2011}, pages = {22--30}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S7IWEVW6/MCSE.2011.html:text/html} } @article{sheikh_surgical_2010, title = {Surgical management of valve disease in the early 21st century}, volume = {10}, issn = {1470-2118}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20437996}, abstract = {Surgery offers good results for patients with significant valvular heart disease. Valve replacement and repair are the main surgical options. Older patients and redo procedures are increasingly frequent.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Clinical Medicine}, author = {Sheikh, Amir M. and Livesey, Steven A.}, month = apr, year = {2010}, pmid = {20437996}, keywords = {Bioprosthesis, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Heart Valve Diseases, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Humans, Postoperative Complications, Prosthesis Design}, pages = {177--181}, file = {paperforMango.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/74RZDWG3/paperforMango.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{yock_noninvasive_1984, title = {Noninvasive estimation of right ventricular systolic pressure by {Doppler} ultrasound in patients with tricuspid regurgitation}, volume = {70}, number = {4}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Yock, P. G. and Popp, R. L.}, year = {1984}, pages = {657--662}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NJAWRNIZ/Yock-RVPressureUS.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{go_prevalence_2001, title = {Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: {National} implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the {AnTicoagulation} and {Risk} factors {In} {Atrial} fibrillation ({ATRIA}) study}, volume = {285}, shorttitle = {Prevalence of {Diagnosed} {Atrial} {Fibrillation} in {Adults}}, url = {http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/285/18/2370}, doi = {10.1001/jama.285.18.2370}, abstract = {Context Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in elderly persons and a potent risk factor for stroke. However, recent prevalence and projected future numbers of persons with atrial fibrillation are not well described. Objective To estimate prevalence of atrial fibrillation and US national projections of the numbers of persons with atrial fibrillation through the year 2050. Design, Setting, and Patients Cross-sectional study of adults aged 20 years or older who were enrolled in a large health maintenance organization in California and who had atrial fibrillation diagnosed between July 1, 1996, and December 31, 1997. Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in the study population of 1.89 million; projected number of persons in the United States with atrial fibrillation between 1995-2050. Results A total of 17 974 adults with diagnosed atrial fibrillation were identified during the study period; 45\% were aged 75 years or older. The prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 0.95\% (95\% confidence interval, 0.94\%-0.96\%). Atrial fibrillation was more common in men than in women (1.1\% vs 0.8\%; P{\textless}.001). Prevalence increased from 0.1\% among adults younger than 55 years to 9.0\% in persons aged 80 years or older. Among persons aged 50 years or older, prevalence of atrial fibrillation was higher in whites than in blacks (2.2\% vs 1.5\%; P{\textless}.001). We estimate approximately 2.3 million US adults currently have atrial fibrillation. We project that this will increase to more than 5.6 million (lower bound, 5.0; upper bound, 6.3) by the year 2050, with more than 50\% of affected individuals aged 80 years or older. Conclusions Our study confirms that atrial fibrillation is common among older adults and provides a contemporary basis for estimates of prevalence in the United States. The number of patients with atrial fibrillation is likely to increase 2.5-fold during the next 50 years, reflecting the growing proportion of elderly individuals. Coordinated efforts are needed to face the increasing challenge of optimal stroke prevention and rhythm management in patients with atrial fibrillation.}, number = {18}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Go, Alan S. and Hylek, Elaine M. and Phillips, Kathleen A. and Chang, YuChiao and Henault, Lori E. and Selby, Joe V. and Singer, Daniel E.}, month = may, year = {2001}, pages = {2370--2375}, file = {2370.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/76MI4CSN/2370.pdf:application/pdf;HighWire Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EKD7J5U2/2370.html:text/html} } @article{brasch_work_1983, title = {Work in progress: {Methods} of contrast enhancement for {NMR} imaging and potential applications}, volume = {147}, issn = {0033-8419}, shorttitle = {Work in progress}, url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiology.147.3.6342034}, doi = {10.1148/radiology.147.3.6342034}, abstract = {Contrast-enhancing pharmaceuticals and manipulation of the physical properties of tissue may extend the diagnostic usefulness of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. Potential applications of contrast enhancers include differentiation of isomagnetic tissues, direct evaluation of tissue function, evaluation of metabolic pathways, and measurement of tissue perfusion. Numerous means of enhancing NMR contrast are available, but many, such as manipulation of tissue viscosity or temperature, are not clinically feasible. Changing the chemical composition of tissue, and particularly the use of paramagnetic pharmaceuticals, appears to be more advantageous. Nitroxide stable free radicals are a group of synthetic, strongly paramagnetic compounds that have several characteristics that make them promising contrast enhancers.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Brasch, R. C.}, month = jun, year = {1983}, pages = {781--788}, file = {document (1).pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PNNGUNSK/document (1).pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R3IG32EP/radiology.147.3.html:text/html} } @article{thakur_radiofrequency_1994, title = {Radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with {Wolff}-{Parkinson}-{White} syndrome.}, volume = {151}, issn = {0820-3946}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1337132/}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To report on the experience with radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular pathways in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in terms of the duration of fluoroscopy exposure to the patient and the operator and the effect of accessory-pathway location and operator experience on the success rate. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Tertiary care university hospital. PATIENTS: Two hundred consecutive patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation between September 1990 and June 1992. INTERVENTIONS: Electrophysiologic study and radiofrequency catheter ablation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Success rate, duration of fluoroscopy, complications and long-term follow-up. RESULTS: Of the 224 accessory pathways in the 200 patients 135 were left free wall, 47 posteroseptal, 32 right free wall and 10 anteroseptal. The overall success rate increased from 53\% in the first 3 months of the study period to 96\% in the last 3 months. The success rate depended on the location of the accessory pathway. The duration of fluoroscopic exposure decreased from 50 (standard deviation [SD] 21) minutes in the first 3 months to 40 (SD 15) minutes in the last 3 months (p {\textless} 0.05). Complications occurred in 3.5\% of the patients; they included hemopericardium, cerebral embolism, perforation of the right atrial wall, air embolism in a coronary artery and hematoma at the arterial perforation site. None of the complications resulted in death. CONCLUSIONS: With experience, radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways can have an overall success rate of more than 95\% and a complication rate of less than 4\%. Such rates make this procedure suitable for first-line therapy for patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.}, number = {6}, urldate = {2015-01-09}, journal = {Canadian Medical Association Journal}, author = {Thakur, R. K. and Klein, G. J. and Yee, R.}, month = sep, year = {1994}, pmid = {8087753}, pmcid = {PMC1337132}, pages = {771--776}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4TX6HHDA/Thakur et al. - 1994 - Radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with .pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hajjar_hypertension_2006, title = {Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control}, volume = {27}, issn = {0163-7525 (Print)}, journal = {Annual Review of Public Health}, author = {Hajjar, I. and Kotchen, J. M. and Kotchen, T. A.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Health Services Needs and Demand, Health Surveys, Humans, Hypertension/*epidemiology/*prevention \& control, Prevalence, Preventive Health Services, United States/epidemiology}, pages = {465--90}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U6PVWXDD/Hajjar.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{bansod_automatic_2007, address = {Cardiff, UK}, title = {Automatic detection of left ventricle in echocardiographic sequences using radial search and temporal smoothing}, isbn = {1-4244-0882-2}, doi = {10.1109/ICDSP.2007.4288538}, abstract = {We present a fully automatic method for obtaining an initial estimate of endocardial border in short axis echo cardiographic videos at two different levels of left ventricle (LV). The geometry of the acoustic window along with circular Hough transform and image statistics is used to robustly identify the region of interest, which encloses left ventricle, irrespective of image quality and level of left ventricle at which image was acquired. Again in the region of interest, left ventricle center point (LVCP) was identified by image statistics. The approximate LV border was detected by radial gradient search with magnitude as well as direction and then smoothing it locally and temporally. The results were validated by comparing computer generated boundaries to those manually outlined by one expert on ten data sets each containing 28 frames over full cardiac cycle. The mean error in the boundaries was plusmn2 mm. Directional radial gradient search along with temporal constraints from adjacent frames gives a better initial estimate of the LV boundary. The contour for each of the frame so obtained may serve a good initialization to optimize it by automated methods based on active contours.}, language = {English}, booktitle = {15th {International} {Conference} on {Digital} {Signal} {Processing}}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {Bansod, P. and Desai, U. B. and Burkule, N.}, month = jul, year = {2007}, keywords = {Acoustic signal detection, automatic left ventricle detection, blood vessels, Cardiography, circular Hough transform, Computer errors, Directional gradient, echocardiographic videos, Echocardiography, echocardiography sequences, Endocardial contour, Geometry, Hough transform, Hough transforms, Image quality, image sequences, image statistics, Left ventricle, left ventricle center point, medical image processing, optimization, Optimization methods, radial gradient search, Robustness, Smoothing methods, Statistics, temporal smoothing, Videos, video signal processing}, pages = {139--142}, file = {IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HSFVUI68/Bansod et al. - 2007 - Automatic Detection of Left Ventricle in Echocardi.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{bonnet_comparative_2008, title = {Comparative effects of 10-mg versus 80-mg {Atorvastatin} on high-sensitivity {C}-reactive protein in patients with stable coronary artery disease: results of the {CAP} ({Comparative} {Atorvastatin} {Pleiotropic} effects) study}, volume = {30}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {12}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Bonnet, J. and McPherson, R. and Tedgui, A. and Simoneau, D. and Nozza, A. and Martineau, P. and Davignon, J.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Anticholesteremic Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Canada, Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/etiology, Cholesterol, HDL/blood, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Coronary Artery Disease/blood/*drug therapy, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Europe, Female, Hepatitis, Toxic/etiology, Heptanoic Acids/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Pyrroles/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Triglycerides/blood}, pages = {2298--313}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NFSQWTAZ/Bonnet-2008-Comparative effects.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{reutern_grading_2012, title = {Grading carotid stenosis using ultrasonic methods}, volume = {43}, issn = {0039-2499, 1524-4628}, url = {http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/43/3/916}, doi = {10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.636084}, abstract = {The controversy as to whether Doppler ultrasonic methods should play a role in clinical decision-making in the prevention of stroke is attributable to reported disagreement between angiographic and ultrasonic results and the lack of internationally accepted ultrasound criteria for describing the degree of stenosis. Foremost among the explanations for both is the broad scatter of peak systolic velocities in the stenosis, the criterion that has so far received most attention. Grading based on a set of main and additional criteria can overcome diagnostic errors. Morphological measurements (B-mode images and color flow imaging) are the main criteria for low and moderate degrees of stenosis. Increased velocities in the stenosis indicate narrowing, but the appearance of collateral flow and decreased poststenotic flow velocity prove a high degree stenosis (>=70\%), additionally allowing the estimation of the hemodynamic effect in the category of high-degree stenosis. Additional criteria refer to the effect of a stenosis on prestenotic flow (common carotid artery), the extent of poststenotic flow disturbances, and derived velocity criteria (diastolic peak velocity and the carotid ratio). This multiparametric approach is intended to increase the reliability and the standard of reporting of ultrasonic results for arteriosclerotic disease of the carotid artery.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Stroke}, author = {Reutern, Gerhard-Michael von and Goertler, Michael-Wolfgang and Bornstein, Natan M. and Sette, Massimo Del and Evans, David H. and Goertler, Michael-Wolfgang and Hetzel, Andreas and Kaps, Manfred and Perren, Fabienne and Razumovky, Alexander and Shiogai, Toshiyuki and Titianova, Ekaterina and Traubner, Pavel and Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy and Wong, Lawrence K. S. and Yasaka, Masahiro}, month = mar, year = {2012}, pmid = {22343647}, keywords = {carotid stenosis, degree of stenosis, duplex sonography, peak systolic velocity, transcranial sonography, ultrasound diagnosis}, pages = {916--921}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HFZ72P62/Reutern et al. - 2012 - Grading Carotid Stenosis Using Ultrasonic Methods.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EEU5PFF7/916.html:text/html} } @article{clayton_lack_2003, title = {Lack of sexual dysfunction with the selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor reboxetine during treatment for major depressive disorder}, volume = {18}, issn = {0268-1315 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12702894}, number = {3}, journal = {International Clinical Psychopharmacology}, author = {Clayton, A. H. and Zajecka, J. and Ferguson, J. M. and Filipiak-Reisner, J. K. and Brown, M. T. and Schwartz, G. E.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antidepressive Agents/*adverse effects/*pharmacology, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/*adverse effects/*pharmacology, control, Depressive Disorder/*drug therapy, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fluoxetine/*adverse effects/*pharmacology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Morpholines/*adverse effects/*pharmacology, Patient Compliance, Patient Satisfaction, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/*chemically induced/*prevention \&}, pages = {151--6} } @inproceedings{yezzi_statistical_1999, address = {Kerkyra, Greece}, title = {A statistical approach to snakes for bimodal and trimodal imagery}, volume = {2}, doi = {10.1109/ICCV.1999.790317}, abstract = {We describe a new region based approach to active contours for segmenting images composed of two or three types of regions characterizable by a given statistic. The essential idea is to derive curve evolutions which separate two or more valves of a pre-determined set of statistics computed over geometrically determined subsets of the image. Both global and local image information is used to evolve the active contour. Image derivatives, however, are avoided, thereby giving rise to a further degree of noise robustness compared to most edge based snake algorithms}, booktitle = {The {Proceedings} of the {Seventh} {IEEE} {International} {Conference} on {Computer} {Vision}, 1999}, author = {Yezzi, A., Jr. and Tsai, A. and Willsky, A.}, year = {1999}, keywords = {Acoustic noise, Active contours, bimodal imagery, Clustering algorithms, computational geometry, curve evolutions, edge based snake algorithms, edge detection, Equations, geometrically determined subsets, global image information, image derivatives, Image edge detection, image segmentation, Level set, local image information, Noise robustness, region based approach, statistical analysis, statistical approach, Statistics, Subcontracting, trimodal imagery}, pages = {898--903 vol.2}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3PQDA7KJ/login.html:text/html} } @article{balram_genetic_2002, title = {Genetic polymorphisms of {UDP}-glucuronosyltransferase in {Asians}: {UGT}1A1*28 is a common allele in {Indians}}, volume = {12}, issn = {0960-314X (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=11773869}, number = {1}, journal = {Pharmacogenetics}, author = {Balram, C. and Sabapathy, K. and Fei, G. and Khoo, K. S. and Lee, E. J.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {*Polymorphism, Genetic, Base Sequence, Bilirubin/blood, Ethnic Groups/*genetics, Female, Gene Frequency, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Male}, pages = {81--3} } @incollection{gagliardi_early_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Early {Developments} in {X}-{Ray} {Equipment}}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Eisenberg, Ronald L.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {59--86} } @article{margolis_clinical_1973, title = {Clinical features of unrecognized myocardial infarction -- silent and symptomatic. {Eighteen} year follow-up: {The} {Framingham} study}, volume = {32}, issn = {0002-9149 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Margolis, J. R. and Kannel, W. S. and Feinleib, M. and Dawber, T. R. and McNamara, P. M.}, year = {1973}, keywords = {Acute Disease, Adult, Angina Pectoris/etiology, Diabetes Complications, Dyspnea/complications, Electrocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Failure/complications, Humans, Hypertension/complications, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/complications/*diagnosis/epidemiology, Pain, Probability, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Pulmonary Edema/complications, Time Factors}, pages = {1--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TPGJN4F6/Margolis.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{bigger_jr._prevalence_1981, title = {Prevalence, characteristics and significance of ventricular tachycardia (three or more complexes) detected with ambulatory electrocardiographic recording in the late hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction}, volume = {48}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T10-4BW0S5R-1TT/2/01206e4dfbe23b9a01f1f9d159d580df}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(81)90344-1}, abstract = {A 24 hour electrocardiographic recording was performed before hospital discharge in 430 patients who survived the cardiac care unit phase of acute myocardial infarction. Fifty patients (11.6 percent) had ventricular tachycardia, that is, three or more consecutive ventricular complexes. In 25 (50 percent) of these 50 patients, there was only one episode of ventricular tachycardia and, in 15 patients (30 percent), the longest run of ventricular tachycardia was only three consecutive ventricular premature depolarizations. The average rate of tachycardia was 119/min. Tachycardia rarely started with R on T ventricular premature complexes (4 of 1,370 episodes in 50 patients). There was no difference between the groups with and without ventricular tachycardia with respect to age and sex, but the patients with tachycardia had a significantly greater prevalence of previous myocardial infarction, left ventricular failure in the cardiac care unit, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in the cardiac care unit and significantly more frequent use of digitalis and diuretic and antiarrhythmic drugs at the time of hospital discharge. The group with tachycardia had a 38.0 percent 1 year mortality rate compared with the rate of 11.6 percent in the group without tachycardia. Ventricular tachycardia had a strong association with 1 year mortality (odds ratio = 4.7). Although ventricular tachycardia had a significant association with many other postinfarction risk factors, it was still significantly associated with the 1 year mortality (p {\textless} 0.05) when other important risk variables were controlled statistically using a multiple logistic regression model. The 36 month cumulative mortality rate was 54.0 percent in the group with ventricular tachycardia compared with 19.4 percent in the group without tachycardia.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Bigger Jr., J. Thomas and Weld, Francis M. and Rolnitzky, Linda M.}, month = nov, year = {1981}, pages = {815--823}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X2UCVA5J/Bigger Jr. et al. - 1981 - Prevalence, characteristics and significance of ve.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C2NA5MQK/science.html:text/html} } @article{gaita_linear_2005, title = {Linear cryoablation of the left atrium versus pulmonary vein cryoisolation in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease correlation of electroanatomic mapping and long-term clinical results}, volume = {111}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/111/2/136}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000151310.00337.FA}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} The aim of this study was to clarify the role of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone versus left atrial linear lesions in the treatment of permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with left atrial dilatation and valvular disease. The primary end point was to assess the persistence of sinus rhythm (SR) off antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) at 2-year follow-up and to correlate clinical outcome with surgical results validated with electroanatomic mapping (EAM). Methods and Results{\textemdash} A total of 105 patients with permanent AF undergoing valve surgery were assigned to 3 different groups: in groups {\textquotedblleft}U{\textquotedblright} and {\textquotedblleft}7,{\textquotedblright} left atrial linear cryoablation was performed, whereas in group {\textquotedblleft}PV{\textquotedblright} patients, anatomic cryoisolation of pulmonary veins only was performed. In groups U and 7, SR was achieved in 57\% of patients, whereas it was achieved in 20\% of PV patients during 2-year follow-up. In the first 51 patients, the ablation schemes were validated with EAM. The EAM showed that the U lesion was never obtained: in 59\% of these patients, a complete 7 lesion was achieved instead; in the 7 group, a complete 7 lesion was present in 65\% of patients, whereas a complete PVI was obtained in 71\% of patients. Considering patients in whom a complete 7 lesion was demonstrated with the EAM, SR without AADs was achieved in 86\% of patients, whereas only 25\% of patients with complete PVI were in SR without AADs. Conclusions{\textemdash} In patients with permanent AF, left atrial dilatation and valvular heart disease linear lesions in the posterior region of the left atrium are more effective than PVI alone. With cryoablation, the surgical intent is fulfilled in only approximately 65\% of the cases. Knowing the real anatomic and electrophysiological effects of surgical ablation is necessary to correctly interpret the clinical outcome.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Gaita, Fiorenzo and Riccardi, Riccardo and Caponi, Domenico and Shah, Dipen and Garberoglio, Lucia and Vivalda, Laura and Dulio, Alessandro and Chiecchio, Andrea and Manasse, Eric and Gallotti, Roberto}, month = jan, year = {2005}, pmid = {15623545}, keywords = {cryoablation, fibrillation, heart disease}, pages = {136--142}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3BVE3EM3/Gaita et al. - 2005 - Linear Cryoablation of the Left Atrium Versus Pulm.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T3AGD7GE/136.html:text/html} } @article{oral_risk_2006, title = {Risk of thromboembolic events after percutaneous left atrial radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {114}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/114/8/759}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.641225}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), the risk of thromboembolic events (TEs) is variable and is influenced by the presence and number of comorbid conditions. The effect of percutaneous left atrial radiofrequency ablation (LARFA) of AF on the risk of TEs is unclear. Methods and Results{\textemdash} LARFA was performed in 755 consecutive patients with paroxysmal (n=490) or chronic (n=265) AF. Four hundred eleven patients (56\%) had >=1 risk factor for stroke. All patients were anticoagulated with warfarin for >=3 months after LARFA. A TE occurred in 7 patients (0.9\%) within 2 weeks of LARFA. A late TE occurred 6 to 10 months after ablation in 2 patients (0.2\%), 1 of whom still had AF, despite therapeutic anticoagulation in both. Among 522 patients who remained in sinus rhythm after LARFA, warfarin was discontinued in 79\% of 256 patients without risk factors and in 68\% of 266 patients with >=1 risk factor. Patients older than 65 years or with a history of stroke were more likely to remain anticoagulated despite a successful outcome from LARFA. None of the patients in whom anticoagulation was discontinued had a TE during 25{\textpm}8 months of follow-up. Conclusions{\textemdash} The risk of a TE after LARFA is 1.1\%, with most events occurring within 2 weeks after the procedure. Discontinuation of anticoagulant therapy appears to be safe after successful LARFA, both in patients without risk factors for stroke and in patients with risk factors other than age {\textgreater}65 years and history of stroke. Sufficient safety data are as yet unavailable to support discontinuation of anticoagulation in patients older than 65 years or with a history of stroke.}, language = {en}, number = {8}, urldate = {2014-09-30}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Oral, Hakan and Chugh, Aman and {\"O}zayd{\i}n, Mehmet and Good, Eric and Fortino, Jackie and Sankaran, Sundar and Reich, Scott and Igic, Petar and Elmouchi, Darryl and Tschopp, David and Wimmer, Alan and Dey, Sujoya and Crawford, Thomas and Pelosi, Frank and Jongnarangsin, Krit and Bogun, Frank and Morady, Fred}, month = aug, year = {2006}, pmid = {16908760}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, embolism, stroke}, pages = {759--765}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XJW59AR3/Oral et al. - 2006 - Risk of Thromboembolic Events After Percutaneous L.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SF5T9TE3/759.html:text/html} } @article{bom_ultrasonic_1971, title = {Ultrasonic viewer for cross-sectional analyses of moving cardiac structures}, volume = {6}, issn = {0006-2898}, language = {eng}, number = {11}, journal = {Biomedical Engineering}, author = {Bom, N. and Lanc{\'e}e, C. T. and Honkoop, J. and Hugenholtz, P. G.}, month = nov, year = {1971}, pmid = {5133281}, keywords = {cardiology, Data Display, Echocardiography, Humans, Oscillometry, Transducers, Ultrasonography}, pages = {500--505} } @article{nichols_does_2007, title = {Does statin therapy initiation increase the risk for myopathy? {An} observational study of 32,225 diabetic and nondiabetic patients}, volume = {29}, issn = {0149-2918 (Print)}, number = {8}, journal = {Clinical Therapeutics}, author = {Nichols, G. A. and Koro, C. E.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus/*epidemiology, Dyslipidemias/*drug therapy/epidemiology, Female, Health Maintenance Organizations, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Diseases/*chemically induced/epidemiology, Myositis/chemically induced/epidemiology, Oregon/epidemiology, Population Surveillance, Prevalence, Proportional Hazards Models, Research Design, Retrospective Studies, Rhabdomyolysis/chemically induced/epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1761--70}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/39R6ZUCQ/Nichols-2007-Does statin therapy.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hsu_image_2008, title = {Image integration for catheter ablation: {Searching} for the perfect match}, volume = {5}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Image integration for catheter ablation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527108000970}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.01.021}, number = {4}, urldate = {2015-01-13}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Hsu, Li-Fern}, month = apr, year = {2008}, pages = {536--537}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4QDQQIRD/Hsu - 2008 - Image integration for catheter ablation Searching.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XW45U584/S1547527108000970.html:text/html} } @article{kumar_hydromorphone_2008, title = {Hydromorphone efficacy and treatment protocol impact on tolerance and mu-opioid receptor regulation}, volume = {597}, issn = {0014-2999 (Print)}, number = {1-3}, journal = {European Journal of Pharmacology}, author = {Kumar, P. and Sunkaraneni, S. and Sirohi, S. and Dighe, S. V. and Walker, E. A. and Yoburn, B. C.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Drug Tolerance, Analgesics, Opioid/administration \& dosage/*pharmacology, Animals, Cinnamates/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Hydromorphone/administration \& dosage/*pharmacology, Infusions, Subcutaneous, Injections, Subcutaneous, Male, Mice, Morphine Derivatives/pharmacology, Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology, Pain Measurement, Pain Threshold/*drug effects, Reaction Time, Receptors, Opioid, mu/*agonists/metabolism, Spinal Cord/*drug effects/metabolism}, pages = {39--45}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DB6WUTZA/Kumar-2008-Hydromorphone effica.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rabaeus_jupiter_2008, title = {{JUPITER} may yet change practice}, volume = {337}, issn = {1468-5833 (Electronic)}, journal = {British Medical Journal}, author = {Rabaeus, M.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Conflict of Interest, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Professional Practice, Treatment Failure}, pages = {a2921}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UNJVWPZH/Rabaeus.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ramchandani_role_2007, title = {The role of {SN}-38 exposure, {UGT}1A1*28 polymorphism, and baseline bilirubin level in predicting severe irinotecan toxicity}, volume = {47}, issn = {0091-2700 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Pharmacology}, author = {Ramchandani, R. P. and Wang, Y. and Booth, B. P. and Ibrahim, A. and Johnson, J. R. and Rahman, A. and Mehta, M. and Innocenti, F. and Ratain, M. J. and Gobburu, J. V.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Polymorphism, Genetic, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects/*metabolism/therapeutic, Area Under Curve, Bilirubin/*metabolism, Camptothecin/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives/metabolism/therapeutic, Female, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Lymphoma/*drug therapy/genetics, Male, Models, Biological, Neutropenia/*chemically induced, Regression Analysis, use}, pages = {78--86}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IJR73IFH/Ramchandani-2007-The role of SN-38 ex.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{jones_comparative_1998, title = {Comparative dose efficacy study of atorvastatin versus simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, and fluvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia (the {CURVES} study)}, volume = {81}, issn = {0002-9149 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Jones, P. and Kafonek, S. and Laurora, I. and Hunninghake, D.}, year = {1998}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anticholesteremic Agents/*administration \& dosage, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/*administration \& dosage, Female, Heptanoic Acids/*administration \& dosage, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*administration \& dosage, Hypercholesterolemia/blood/*drug therapy, Indoles/*administration \& dosage, Lovastatin/*administration \& dosage, Male, Middle Aged, Pravastatin/*administration \& dosage, Pyrroles/*administration \& dosage, Simvastatin/*administration \& dosage, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {582--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U4BZ997J/Jones.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kendrach_approximate_2004, title = {Approximate equivalent rosuvastatin doses for temporary statin interchange programs}, volume = {38}, issn = {1060-0280 (Print)}, number = {7-8}, journal = {Annals of Pharmacotherapy}, author = {Kendrach, M. G. and Kelly-Freeman, M.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Cholesterol/blood, Clinical Trials as Topic, dosage/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Drug Interactions, Fluorobenzenes/*administration \& dosage/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*administration \&, Hyperlipidemias/drug therapy, Lipoproteins, LDL/blood, Pyrimidines/*administration \& dosage/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/*administration \& dosage/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Therapeutic Equivalency}, pages = {1286--92}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MUTRHQTS/Kendrach-2004-Approximate equivale.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{de_senneville_feasibility_2012, title = {Feasibility of fast {MR}-thermometry during cardiac radiofrequency ablation}, volume = {25}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 2011 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.}, issn = {1099-1492}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nbm.1771/abstract}, doi = {10.1002/nbm.1771}, abstract = {Online MR temperature monitoring during radiofrequency (RF) ablation of cardiac arrhythmias may improve the efficacy and safety of the treatment. MR thermometry at 1.5 T using the proton resonance frequency (PRF) method was assessed in 10 healthy volunteers under normal breathing conditions, using a multi-slice, ECG-gated, echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence in combination with slice tracking. Temperature images were post-processed to remove residual motion-related artifacts. Using an MR-compatible steerable catheter and electromagnetic noise filter, RF ablation was performed in the ventricles of two sheep in vivo. The standard deviation of the temperature evolution in time (TSD) was computed. Temperature mapping of the left ventricle was achieved at an update rate of approximately 1 Hz with a mean TSD of 3.6 {\textpm} 0.9 {\textdegree}C. TSD measurements at the septum showed a higher precision (2.8 {\textpm} 0.9 {\textdegree}C) than at the myocardial regions at the heart{\textendash}lung and heart{\textendash}liver interfaces (4.1 {\textpm} 0.9 {\textdegree}C). Temperature rose maximally by 9 {\textdegree}C and 16 {\textdegree}C during 5 W and 10 W RF applications, respectively, for 60 s each. Tissue temperature can be monitored at an update rate of approximately 1 Hz in five slices. Typical temperature changes observed during clinical RF application can be monitored with an acceptable level of precision. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2011 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.}, language = {en}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-26}, journal = {NMR in Biomedicine}, author = {de Senneville, Baudouin Denis and Roujol, S{\'e}bastien and Ja{\"i}s, Pierre and Moonen, Chrit T. W. and Herigault, Gwena{\"e}l and Quesson, Bruno}, year = {2012}, keywords = {ablation, cardiac arrhythmia, MR thermometry}, pages = {556--562}, file = {nbm1771.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2DES6B7B/nbm1771.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IA47SI9G/full.html:text/html} } @article{wolf_atrial_1991, title = {Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: {The} {Framingham} {Study}}, volume = {22}, issn = {0039-2499, 1524-4628}, shorttitle = {Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke}, url = {http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/22/8/983}, doi = {10.1161/01.STR.22.8.983}, abstract = {The impact of nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiac failure on stroke incidence was examined in 5,070 participants in the Framingham Study after 34 years of follow-up. Compared with subjects free of these conditions, the age-adjusted incidence of stroke was more than doubled in the presence of coronary heart disease (p less than 0.001) and more than trebled in the presence of hypertension (p less than 0.001). There was a more than fourfold excess of stroke in subjects with cardiac failure (p less than 0.001) and a near fivefold excess when atrial fibrillation was present (p less than 0.001). In persons with coronary heart disease or cardiac failure, atrial fibrillation doubled the stroke risk in men and trebled the risk in women. With increasing age the effects of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiac failure on the risk of stroke became progressively weaker (p less than 0.05). Advancing age, however, did not reduce the significant impact of atrial fibrillation. For persons aged 80-89 years, atrial fibrillation was the sole cardiovascular condition to exert an independent effect on stroke incidence (p less than 0.001). The attributable risk of stroke for all cardiovascular contributors decreased with age except for atrial fibrillation, for which the attributable risk increased significantly (p less than 0.01), rising from 1.5\% for those aged 50-59 years to 23.5\% for those aged 80-89 years. While these findings highlight the impact of each cardiovascular condition on the risk of stroke, the data suggest that the elderly are particularly vulnerable to stroke when atrial fibrillation is present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)}, language = {en}, number = {8}, urldate = {2014-12-20}, journal = {Stroke}, author = {Wolf, P. A. and Abbott, R. D. and Kannel, W. B.}, month = aug, year = {1991}, pmid = {1866765}, pages = {983--988}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KAB9RQJW/Wolf et al. - 1991 - Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CSNMU4BT/983.html:text/html} } @article{yusuf_lipid_2009, title = {Lipid lowering for primary prevention}, volume = {373}, issn = {1474-547X (Electronic)}, number = {9670}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Yusuf, S. and Lonn, E. and Bosch, J.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Research Design, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology/mortality/*prevention \& control, Cause of Death, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Female, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Hyperlipidemias/blood/complications/*prevention \& control, Male, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Primary Prevention/*methods, Proportional Hazards Models, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Secondary Prevention, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1152--5}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F67VFR2C/Yusuf.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{shuster_patterning_2011, title = {Patterning small-molecule biocapture surfaces: {Microcontact} insertion printing vs. photolithography}, volume = {47}, issn = {1364-548X}, shorttitle = {Patterning small-molecule biocapture surfaces}, url = {http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2011/cc/c1cc13002a}, doi = {10.1039/C1CC13002A}, abstract = {Chemical patterns prepared by self-assembly, combined with soft lithography or photolithography, are directly compared. Pattern fidelity can be controlled in both cases but patterning at the low densities necessary for small-molecule probe capture of large biomolecule targets is better accomplished using microcontact insertion printing ($\mu$CIP). Surfaces patterned by $\mu$CIP are used to capture biomolecule binding partners for the small molecules dopamine and biotin.}, language = {en}, number = {38}, urldate = {2014-12-19}, journal = {Chemical Communications}, author = {Shuster, M. J. and Vaish, A. and Cao, H. H. and Guttentag, A. I. and McManigle, J. E. and Gibb, A. L. and Martinez, M. M. and Nezarati, R. M. and Hinds, J. M. and Liao, W.-S. and Weiss, P. S. and Andrews, A. M.}, month = sep, year = {2011}, pages = {10641--10643}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XVKPGRJV/Shuster et al. - 2011 - Patterning small-molecule biocapture surfaces mic.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WP37PD4V/c1cc13002a.html:text/html} } @article{bhagirath_multimodality_2014, title = {Multimodality imaging for patient evaluation and guidance of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation {\textemdash} {Current} status and future perspective}, volume = {175}, issn = {0167-5273}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527314011140}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.06.047}, abstract = {Left atrial catheter ablation is an established non-pharmacological therapy for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. The importance of a noninvasive multimodality imaging approach is emphasized by the current guidelines for the various phases of the ablation work-up e.g. patient identification, therapy guidance and procedural evaluation. Advances in the capabilities of imaging modalities and the increasing cost of healthcare warrant a review of the multimodality approach. This review discusses the application of cardiac imaging for pulmonary vein and left atrial ablation divided into stages: pre-procedural stage (assessment of left atrial dimensions, left atrial appendage thrombus and pulmonary vein anatomy), peri-procedural stage (integration of anatomical and electrical information) and post-procedural stage (evaluation of efficacy by assessment of tissue properties). Each section is dedicated to one of the subtopics of a stage, allowing a thorough comparison to be made between the strengths and weaknesses of the different imaging modalities and the identification of one that exhibits the potential for a single technique approach.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {International Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Bhagirath, P. and van der Graaf, A. W. M. and Karim, R. and van Driel, V. J. H. M. and Ramanna, H. and Rhode, K. S. and de Groot, N. M. S. and G{\"o}tte, M. J. W.}, month = aug, year = {2014}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiac computed tomography, Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, Catheter Ablation, Echocardiography}, pages = {400--408}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JM48EUMU/Bhagirath et al. - 2014 - Multimodality imaging for patient evaluation and g.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KG46Q4WC/S0167527314011140.html:text/html} } @article{brass_are_2010, title = {Are {MD}-{PhD} programs meeting their goals? {An} analysis of career choices made by graduates of 24 {MD}-{PhD} programs}, volume = {85}, issn = {1938-808X (Electronic) 1040-2446 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {Academic Medicine}, author = {Brass, L. F. and Akabas, M. H. and Burnley, L. D. and Engman, D. M. and Wiley, C. A. and Andersen, O. S.}, year = {2010}, pages = {692--701}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TDBQWHKQ/Brass MDPhD article.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lee_quantification_2009, title = {Quantification of absolute myocardial blood flow by magnetic resonance perfusion imaging}, volume = {2}, issn = {1936-878X}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936878X09002654}, doi = {16/j.jcmg.2009.04.003}, abstract = {By serially imaging the myocardium during the initial transit of gadolinium contrast, magnetic resonance perfusion imaging can accurately assess relative reductions in regional myocardial blood flow and identify hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. Models can be used to quantify myocardial blood flow (in milliliters/minute/gram) on the basis of dynamic signal changes within the myocardium and left ventricular cavity. Although the mathematical modeling involved in this type of analysis adds complexity, the benefits of absolute blood flow quantification might improve clinical diagnosis and have important implications for cardiovascular research.}, number = {6}, urldate = {2011-06-10}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Lee, Daniel C. and Johnson, Nils P.}, month = jun, year = {2009}, keywords = {blood flow quantification, cardiac magnetic resonance, gadolinium, myocardial perfusion, quantitative modeling}, pages = {761--770}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/C3TSSTGN/Lee and Johnson - 2009 - Quantification of Absolute Myocardial Blood Flow b.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VT3CZS63/S1936878X09002654.html:text/html} } @article{yu_reversal_1999, title = {Reversal of atrial electrical remodeling following cardioversion of long-standing atrial fibrillation in man}, volume = {42}, copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 1999, European Society of Cardiology}, issn = {0008-6363, 1755-3245}, url = {http://cardiovascres.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/2/470}, doi = {10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00030-9}, abstract = {Background: In animal studies, atrial fibrillation has been shown to shorten the atrial refractory period and impair its rate adaptation. However, little is known about the effects of chronic atrial fibrillation on atrial electrophysiology and its recovery course in humans. Methods and results: Nineteen patients, mean age 64{\textpm}14 years, with chronic atrial fibrillation of more than six months duration were included in this study. All of them were successfully converted to sinus rhythm with an external defibrillator. Atrial effective refractory periods at right atrial appendage and distal coronary sinus were determined with five pacing cycle lengths (300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 ms) at 30 min after cardioversion and once a day for four days. The atrial conduction properties, including P wave duration of surface ECG, and right and left atrial conduction times, were also measured at the same time interval. Twenty age-matched patients without a history of atrial tachyarrhythmia were evaluated as controls. In comparison with controls, chronic atrial fibrillation significantly shortened the atrial effective refractory period, impaired its rate adaptation response, especially at distal coronary sinus, and depressed the conduction properties of atria. The atrial conduction properties did not change during the four-day follow-up period; however, the atrial effective refractory period was gradually prolonged and its rate adaptation response improved after restoration of sinus rhythm. Conclusions: In humans, chronic atrial fibrillation significantly shortened the atrial effective refractory period, and impaired its rate adaptation response. Restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm could reverse these electrophysiological changes.}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-20}, journal = {Cardiovascular Research}, author = {Yu, Wen-Chung and Lee, Shih-Huang and Tai, Ching-Tai and Tsai, Chin-Feng and Hsieh, Ming-Hsiung and Chen, Chien-Cheng and Ding, Yu-An and Chang, Mau-Song and Chen, Shih-Ann}, month = may, year = {1999}, pages = {470--476}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/69IWSGCC/Yu et al. - 1999 - Reversal of atrial electrical remodeling following.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/X6KBSR8N/470.html:text/html} } @article{acharya_gene_2008, title = {Gene expression signatures, clinicopathological features, and individualized therapy in breast cancer}, volume = {299}, issn = {1538-3598 (Electronic)}, number = {13}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Acharya, C. R. and Hsu, D. S. and Anders, C. K. and Anguiano, A. and Salter, K. H. and Walters, K. S. and Redman, R. C. and Tuchman, S. A. and Moylan, C. A. and Mukherjee, S. and Barry, W. T. and Dressman, H. K. and Ginsburg, G. S. and Marcom, K. P. and Garman, K. S. and Lyman, G. H. and Nevins, J. R. and Potti, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Gene Expression Profiling, *Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics, Disease-Free Survival, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Pharmacogenetics, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment}, pages = {1574--87}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MQ2F8KAF/Acharya-2008-Gene expression sign.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{qamar_transcutaneous_1986, title = {Transcutaneous {Doppler} ultrasound measurement of superior mesenteric artery blood flow in man}, volume = {27}, number = {1}, journal = {Gut}, author = {Qamar, M. I. and Read, A. E. and Skidmore, R. and Evans, J. M. and Wells, P. N.}, year = {1986}, pages = {100--105}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TNH7Z3BW/Qamar TransQDopplerMesenteric.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{uddin_current_2007, title = {Current guidelines for treatment of heart failure: 2006 update}, volume = {27}, issn = {0277-0008 (Print)}, number = {4 Pt 2}, journal = {Pharmacotherapy}, author = {Uddin, N. and Patterson, J. H.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Practice Guidelines as Topic, Heart Failure/diagnosis/*drug therapy, Humans, Pharmacists, Professional Role, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic}, pages = {12S--17S}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EPT5PF38/Uddin2006.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{maes_medical_2003, title = {Medical image registration using mutual information}, volume = {91}, issn = {0018-9219}, url = {10.1109/JPROC.2003.817864}, doi = {10.1109/JPROC.2003.817864}, abstract = {Analysis of multispectral or multitemporal images requires proper geometric alignment of the images to compare corresponding regions in each image volume. Retrospective three-dimensional alignment or registration of multimodal medical images based on features intrinsic to the image data itself is complicated by their different photometric properties, by the complexity of the anatomical objects in the scene and by the large variety of clinical applications in which registration is involved. While the accuracy of registration approaches based on matching of anatomical landmarks or object surfaces suffers from segmentation errors, voxel-based approaches consider all voxels in the image without the need for segmentation. The recent introduction of the criterion of maximization of mutual information, a basic concept from information theory, has proven to be a breakthrough in the field. While solutions for intrapatient affine registration based on this concept are already commercially available, current research in the field focuses on interpatient nonrigid matching.}, number = {10}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE}, author = {Maes, F. and Vandermeulen, D. and Suetens, P.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {anatomical landmarks matching, anatomical objects complexity, clinical applications, image matching, image registration, image segmentation, interpatient nonrigid matching, intrapatient affine registration, medical image processing, medical image registration, mutual information, object surfaces, segmentation errors, voxel-based approaches}, pages = {1699--1722}, file = {01232201.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HJDZXJ7Q/01232201.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{schuijf_relationship_2006, title = {Relationship between noninvasive coronary angiography with multi-slice computed tomography and myocardial perfusion imaging}, volume = {48}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109706022091}, doi = {16/j.jacc.2006.05.080}, abstract = {Objectives The aim of this study was to perform a head-to-head comparison between multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in patients with an intermediate likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD) and to compare non-invasive findings to invasive coronary angiography.Background Multi-slice computed tomography detects atherosclerosis, whereas MPI detects ischemia; how these 2 techniques compare in patients with an intermediate likelihood of CAD is unknown.Methods A total of 114 patients, mainly with intermediate likelihood of CAD, underwent both MSCT and MPI. The MSCT studies were classified as having no CAD, nonobstructive ({\textless}50\% luminal narrowing) CAD, or obstructive CAD. Myocardial perfusion imaging examinations were classified as showing normal or abnormal (reversible and/or fixed defects). In a subset of 58 patients, invasive coronary angiography was performed.Results On the basis of the MSCT data, 41 patients (36\%) were classified as having no CAD, of whom 90\% had normal MPI. A total of 33 patients (29\%) showed non-obstructive CAD, whereas at least 1 significant ({\textgreater}=50\% luminal narrowing) lesion was observed in the remaining 40 patients (35\%). Only 45\% of patients with an abnormal MSCT had abnormal MPI; even in patients with obstructive CAD on MSCT, 50\% still had a normal MPI. In the subset of patients undergoing invasive angiography, the agreement with MSCT was excellent (90\%).Conclusions Myocardial perfusion imaging and MSCT provide different and complementary information on CAD, namely, detection of atherosclerosis versus detection of ischemia. As compared to invasive angiography, MSCT has a high accuracy for detecting CAD in patients with an intermediate likelihood of CAD.}, number = {12}, urldate = {2011-06-13}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Schuijf, Joanne D. and Wijns, William and Jukema, J. Wouter and Atsma, Douwe E. and de Roos, Albert and Lamb, Hildo J. and Stokkel, Marcel P.M. and Dibbets-Schneider, Petra and Decramer, Isabel and De Bondt, Pieter and van der Wall, Ernst E. and Vanhoenacker, Piet K. and Bax, Jeroen J.}, month = dec, year = {2006}, pages = {2508--2514}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H7ASB9RC/Schuijf et al. - 2006 - Relationship Between Noninvasive Coronary Angiogra.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6N52QXF6/S0735109706022091.html:text/html} } @article{ledesma-carbayo_motion_2007, title = {Motion corrected free-breathing delayed-enhancement imaging of myocardial infarction using nonrigid registration}, volume = {26}, issn = {1053-1807}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17659545}, doi = {10.1002/jmri.20957}, abstract = {PURPOSE: To develop and test an automatic free-breathing, delayed enhancement imaging method with improved image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The proposed approach uses free-breathing, inversion-recovery single-shot fast imaging with steady precession (FISP) delayed-enhancement with respiratory motion compensation based on nonrigid image registration. Motion-corrected averaging is used to enhance SNR. RESULTS: Fully automatic, nonrigid registration was compared to previously validated rigid body registration that required user interaction. The performance was measured using the variance of edge positions in intensity profiles through the myocardial infarction (MI) enhanced region and through the right ventricular (RV) wall. Measured variation of the MI edge was 1.16 +/- 0.71 mm (N = 6 patients; mean +/- SD) for rigid body and 1.08 +/- 0.76 mm for nonrigid registration (no significant difference). On the other hand, significant improvement (P {\textless} 0.005) was found in the measurements at the RV edge where the SD was 2.06 +/- 0.56 mm for rigid body and 0.59 +/- 0.22 mm for nonrigid registration. CONCLUSION: The proposed approach achieves delayed enhancement images with high resolution and SNR without requiring a breathhold. Motion correction of free-breathing delayed-enhancement imaging using nonrigid image registration may be implemented in a fully automatic fashion and performs uniformly well across the full field of view (FOV).}, number = {1}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, author = {Ledesma-Carbayo, Maria J. and Kellman, Peter and Hsu, Li-Yueh and Arai, Andrew E. and McVeigh, Elliot R.}, month = jul, year = {2007}, pmid = {17659545}, keywords = {Algorithms, Artifacts, Contrast Media, Gadolinium DTPA, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Motion, Myocardial Infarction, Myocardium, Respiration}, pages = {184--190}, file = {20957_ftp.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/W7NT3H28/20957_ftp.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{attias_acceptance_2005, address = {United States}, title = {Acceptance}, language = {English}, journal = {House}, publisher = {Fox}, author = {Attias, Dan}, collaborator = {Friend, Russel and Lerner, Garrett}, month = sep, year = {2005}, biboverride = {Russel Friend and Garrett Lerner (Writers), Dan Attias (Director), \newblock ``{A}cceptance,'' \newblock {Television Episode In: Paul Attanasio (Executive Producer), \em {H}ouse MD}, series~2, ep.~1, Fox Network, Los Angeles, CA, 20~Sept 2005.} } @article{stewart_heart_2003, title = {Heart failure and the aging population: {An} increasing burden in the 21st century?}, volume = {89}, issn = {, 1468-201X}, shorttitle = {Heart failure and the aging population}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/89/1/49}, doi = {10.1136/heart.89.1.49}, abstract = {Background: Despite an overall decline in age adjusted mortality from coronary heart disease in developed countries, the number of patients with heart failure may be increasing. Objective: To project the future burden of heart failure in Scotland from contemporary epidemiological data. Methods: Scotland, like many industrialised countries, has an aging though numerically stable population (5.1 million). Current estimates of prevalence, general practice (GP) consultation rates, and hospital admission rates related to heart failure were applied to the whole Scottish population. These estimates were then projected over the period 2000 to 2020, on an age and sex specific basis, using expected changes in the age structure of the Scottish population. Results: There are currently estimated to be 40 000 men and 45 000 women aged >= 45 years with heart failure in Scotland. On the basis of population changes alone, these figures will rise in men and women by 2300 (6\%) and 1500 (3\%) by year 2005, and by 12 300 (31\%) and 7800 (17\%) in the longer term (2020), respectively. On the same basis, the annual number of male and female GP visits is likely to rise by 6400 (6\%) and 2500 (2\%) by year 2005, and by 35 200 (40\%) and 17 300 (16\%) in the longer term (124 000 and 126 000 visits), respectively. In the year 2000 about 3500 men and 4300 women in Scotland had an incident hospital admission for heart failure. By the year 2020 these figures are likely to increase by 52\% (1800 more) and 16\% (717 more) in men and women, respectively. If recent trends in short term case fatality rates continue to improve, the number of men who survive this event will increase by 59\% (1700 more). Overall, by 2020 the annual number of male and female hospital admissions associated with a principal diagnosis of heart failure is expected to increase by 34\% (from 5500 to 7500) and by 12\% (from 7800 to 8500), respectively. Conclusions: Unless rapid and major changes occur in the incidence of heart failure, the burden of this disorder will continue to increase in both primary and secondary care over the next two decades. The greatest increase is likely to occur in men. Future health service planning must take this into account.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Stewart, S. and MacIntyre, K. and Capewell, S. and McMurray, J. J. V.}, month = jan, year = {2003}, pmid = {12482791}, keywords = {EPIDEMIOLOGY, heart failure, prevalence, trends}, pages = {49--53}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U3UVIX7B/Stewart et al. - 2003 - Heart failure and the aging population an increas.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EI38MGVQ/49.html:text/html} } @article{berliner_cardiac_2013, title = {Cardiac computed tomographic imaging to evaluate myocardial scarring/fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: {A} comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging}, volume = {29}, issn = {1569-5794, 1573-0743}, shorttitle = {Cardiac computed tomographic imaging to evaluate myocardial scarring/fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10554-012-0048-y}, doi = {10.1007/s10554-012-0048-y}, abstract = {Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CeMRI) reliably identifies myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, many patients have contraindications to ceMRI. Previous studies have shown that contrast enhanced multi-detector computed tomography (ceMDCT) can visualize focal scars following myocardial infarction in experimental animals and patients. The purpose of this manuscript is to assess the ability of ceMDCT to detect focal myocardial scars in patients with HCM. Twelve HCM patients underwent ceMRI and ceMDCT. Fibrotic areas of myocardium were defined as focal or diffuse areas of fibrosis. The mean signal intensity in ceMRI and attenuation values in ceMDCT of the fibrotic regions, normal myocardium and left ventricle blood pool contrast were measured using qualitative and quantitative analysis. Focal scar mass was calculated using both techniques. Focal scars were detected in 9 patients and diffuse fibrosis was visualized in all patients by ceMRI. Differences between normalized SI of normal myocardium and focal scars, normal and diffuse areas of fibrosis, and diffuse fibrosis and focal scars were significant for both ceMRI and ceMDCT (p {\textless} 0.05). Diffuse fibrosis was poorly visualized by ceMDCT but was detectable using quantitative measurements. CeMDCT has potential to detect focal myocardial scars in patients with HCM who have contraindications to ceMRI study. However, ceMDCT does not enable adequate visualization of diffuse myocardial fibrosis, and thus is less well suited than ceMRI for assessment of total burden of fibrosis. This limitation may be overcome using quantitative methodology.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Berliner, Jennifer I. and Kino, Aya and Carr, James C. and Bonow, Robert O. and Choudhury, Lubna}, month = jan, year = {2013}, keywords = {cardiology, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Late contrast enhanced multidetector CT, late gadolinium enhancement, MRI}, pages = {191--197}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/32IMN54N/Berliner et al. - 2013 - Cardiac computed tomographic imaging to evaluate m.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BM4XUXC7/10.html:text/html} } @article{watson_mechanisms_2009, title = {Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: {Virchow}'s triad revisited}, volume = {373}, issn = {0140-6736}, shorttitle = {Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673609600404}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60040-4}, abstract = {Summary Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, which is associated with a high risk of stroke and thromboembolism. Increasing evidence suggests that the thrombogenic tendency in atrial fibrillation is related to several underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Abnormal changes in flow are evident by stasis in the left atrium, and seen as spontaneous echocontrast. Abnormal changes in vessel walls{\textemdash}essentially, anatomical and structural defects{\textemdash}include progressive atrial dilatation, endocardial denudation, and oedematous or fibroelastic infiltration of the extracellular matrix. Additionally, abnormal changes in blood constituents are well described, and include haemostatic and platelet activation, as well as inflammation and growth factor changes. These changes result in the fulfilment of Virchow's triad for thrombogenesis, and accord with a prothrombotic or hypercoagulable state in this arrhythmia. In this Review, we present an overview of the established and purported mechanisms for thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation.}, number = {9658}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {The Lancet}, author = {Watson, Timothy and Shantsila, Eduard and Lip, Gregory Y. H.}, month = jan, year = {2009}, pages = {155--166}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/76BUTRB4/Watson et al. - 2009 - Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillatio.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BPSB6W5N/S0140673609600404.html:text/html} } @article{trescot_effectiveness_2008, title = {Effectiveness of opioids in the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain}, volume = {11}, issn = {1533-3159 (Print)}, number = {2 Suppl}, journal = {Pain Physician}, author = {Trescot, A. M. and Glaser, S. E. and Hansen, H. and Benyamin, R. and Patel, S. and Manchikanti, L.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Analgesics, Opioid/*therapeutic use, Drug Administration Schedule, Fentanyl/therapeutic use, Humans, Methadone/therapeutic use, Morphine/therapeutic use, Oxycodone/therapeutic use, Oxymorphone/analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Pain/*drug therapy, Quality of Life, Time Factors, Tramadol/therapeutic use}, pages = {S181--200}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KZVEX2FC/Trescot16.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{huang_dynamic_2009, title = {Dynamic 2D ultrasound and 3D {CT} image registration of the beating heart}, volume = {28}, issn = {1558-0062}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131293}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2008.2011557}, abstract = {Two-dimensional ultrasound (US) is widely used in minimally invasive cardiac procedures due to its convenience of use and noninvasive nature. However, the low quality of US images often limits their utility as a means for guiding procedures, since it is often difficult to relate the images to their anatomical context. To improve the interpretability of the US images while maintaining US as a flexible anatomical and functional real-time imaging modality, we describe a multimodality image navigation system that integrates 2D US images with their 3D context by registering them to high quality preoperative models based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) images. The mapping from such a model to the patient is completed using spatial and temporal registrations. Spatial registration is performed by a two-step rapid registration method that first approximately aligns the two images as a starting point to an automatic registration procedure. Temporal alignment is performed with the aid of electrocardiograph (ECG) signals and a latency compensation method. Registration accuracy is measured by calculating the TRE. Results show that the error between the US and preoperative images of a beating heart phantom is 1.7 +/-0.4 mm, with a similar performance being observed in in vivo animal experiments.}, number = {8}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Huang, Xishi and Moore, John and Guiraudon, Gerard and Jones, Douglas L. and Bainbridge, Daniel and Ren, Jing and Peters, Terry M.}, month = aug, year = {2009}, pmid = {19131293}, keywords = {Animals, Calibration, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Heart, Heart Rate, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Phantoms, Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Swine, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography}, pages = {1179--1189}, file = {04738379.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MMRGAHTX/04738379.pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{cho_predicting_2010, address = {Beijing, China}, title = {Predicting target vessel location for improved planning of robot-assisted {CABG} procedures}, volume = {13}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20879401}, abstract = {Prior to performing a robot-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting procedure, a pre-operative computed tomography scan is used to assess patient candidacy and to identify the location of the target vessel. The surgeon then determines the optimal port locations to ensure proper reach to the target with the robotic instruments, while assuming that the heart does not undergo any significant changes between the pre- and intra-operative stages. However, the peri-operative workflow itself leads to changes in heart position and consequently the intra-operative target vessel location. As such, the pre-operative plan must be adequately updated to adjust the target vessel location to better suit the intraoperative condition. Here we propose a technique to predict the position of the peri-operative target vessel location with approximately 3.5 mm RMS accuracy. We believe this technique will potentially reduce the rate of conversion of robot-assisted procedures to traditional open-chest surgery due to poor planning.}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, booktitle = {Medical {Image} {Computing} and {Computer}-{Assisted} {Intervention}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cho, Daniel S. and Linte, Cristian A. and Chen, Elvis and Wedlake, Chris and Moore, John and Barron, John and Patel, Rajni and Peters, Terry M.}, year = {2010}, pmid = {20879401}, pages = {205--212}, file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BPFTRQWT/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{aronow_correlation_1987, title = {Correlation of complex ventricular arrhythmias detected by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring with echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in persons older than 62 years in a long-term health care facility}, volume = {60}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T10-4C707D0-2G/2/688ca53cb575fae037cb0c413f4d67c6}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(87)90395-X}, abstract = {The incidence of cardiovascular morbid events is higher in patients with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy detected by electrocardiography than in those without LV hypertrophy.1 Hypertensive patients with electrocardiographic LV hypertrophy have more frequent and complex ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) than those without LV hypertrophy.2 Echocardiography has a greater sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value than electrocardiography in diagnosing LV hypertrophy.3 We performed a prospective study to correlate the prevalence of complex ventricular arrhythmias detected by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring with increased LV mass detected by technically adequate M-mode and 2-dimensional echocardiograms in unselected persons older than 62 years in a long-term health care facility.}, number = {8}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Aronow, Wilbert S. and Epstein, Stanley and Schwartz, Kenneth S. and Koenigsberg, Mordecai}, month = sep, year = {1987}, pages = {730--732}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GP6JEUXH/Aronow et al. - 1987 - Correlation of complex ventricular arrhythmias det.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UXVCRMDW/science.html:text/html} } @article{haqqani_electrophysiologic_2009, title = {Electrophysiologic substrate underlying postinfarction ventricular tachycardia: {Characterization} and role in catheter ablation}, volume = {6}, issn = {1556-3871 (Electronic) 1547-5271 (Linking)}, number = {8 Suppl}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Haqqani, H. M. and Marchlinski, F. E.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Catheter Ablation/*methods, Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac/*methods, Humans, Myocardial Infarction/*complications, Tachycardia, Ventricular/*etiology/surgery}, pages = {S70--S76}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6J7SA3N5/ep-postmi-vt.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{gray_anatomy_1918, address = {Philadelphia and New York}, edition = {20th}, title = {Anatomy of the {Human} {Body}}, publisher = {Lea \& Febiger}, author = {Gray, Henry}, editor = {Lewis, Warren H.}, year = {1918} } @article{taylor_antidepressant_2008, title = {Antidepressant drugs and cardiovascular pathology: {A} clinical overview of effectiveness and safety}, volume = {118}, issn = {1600-0447 (Electronic)}, number = {6}, journal = {Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica}, author = {Taylor, D.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents/ therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/mortality/ psychology, Comorbidity, Depressive Disorder/diagnosis/ drug therapy/epidemiology/psychology, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Sick Role, Survival Rate}, pages = {434--42}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AR3T3BR9/Taylor-2008-Antidepressant drugs.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hsieh_high-sensitivity_2008, title = {High-sensitivity {C}-reactive protein and silent myocardial ischemia in {Chinese} with type 2 diabetes mellitus}, volume = {57}, issn = {1532-8600 (Electronic)}, number = {11}, journal = {Metabolism}, author = {Hsieh, M. C. and Tien, K. J. and Chang, S. J. and Perng, D. S. and Hsiao, J. Y. and Chen, Y. W. and Chang, Y. H. and Kuo, H. W. and Lin, P. C.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*complications, Exercise Test, Female, Heart/radionuclide imaging, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis/*epidemiology/etiology, Risk Factors}, pages = {1533--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CTNJR347/Hsieh.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{baschat_demonstration_1997, title = {Demonstration of fetal coronary blood flow by {Doppler} ultrasound in relation to arterial and venous flow velocity waveforms and perinatal outcome - the `heart-sparing effect'}, volume = {9}, issn = {1469-0705}, number = {3}, journal = {Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology}, author = {Baschat, A. A. and Gembruch, U. and Reiss, I. and Gortner, L. and Diedrich, K.}, year = {1997}, pages = {162--172}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M4K6DFUE/Baschat FetalCoronaryDoppler.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rahmouni_obesity-associated_2005, title = {Obesity-associated hypertension: {New} insights into mechanisms}, volume = {45}, issn = {1524-4563 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {Hypertension}, author = {Rahmouni, K. and Correia, M. L. and Haynes, W. G. and Mark, A. L.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Adiponectin, Aldosterone Antagonists/pharmacology, Aldosterone/physiology, Animals, Appetite/physiology, Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology, Energy Metabolism/physiology, Ghrelin, Humans, Hyperinsulinism/physiopathology, Hypertension/*etiology/physiopathology, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/physiology, Kidney/physiopathology, Leptin/physiology, Mice, Mice, Mutant Strains, Obesity/*complications/physiopathology, Peptide Hormones/physiology, Peptide YY/physiology, Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology, Receptors, Leptin, Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology, Repressor Proteins/physiology, Satiation/physiology, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins, Sympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology, Transcription Factors/physiology}, pages = {9--14}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9TKP2QJK/Rahmouni-2005-Obesity-associated h.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{purves_neuroscience_2008, address = {Sunderland, MA, USA}, title = {Neuroscience}, isbn = {9780878936977 (hardcover) 0878936971 (hardcover)}, publisher = {Sinauer}, author = {Purves, Dale}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Nervous System Physiology., Neurochemistry., Neurosciences.} } @article{blauer_sensitivity_2014, title = {Sensitivity and specificity of substrate mapping: {An} in silico framework for the evaluation of electroanatomical substrate mapping strategies}, volume = {25}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, issn = {1540-8167}, shorttitle = {Sensitivity and {Specificity} of {Substrate} {Mapping}}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jce.12444/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/jce.12444}, abstract = {Background Voltage mapping is an important tool for characterizing proarrhythmic electrophysiological substrate, yet it is subject to geometric factors that influence bipolar amplitudes and thus compromise performance. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of catheter orientation on the ability of bipolar amplitudes to accurately discriminate between healthy and diseased tissues. Methods and Results We constructed a 3-dimensional, in silico, bidomain model of cardiac tissue containing transmural lesions of varying diameter. A planar excitation wave was stimulated and electrograms were sampled with a realistic catheter model at multiple positions and orientations. We carried out validation studies in animal experiments of acute ablation lesions mapped with a clinical mapping system. Bipolar electrograms sampled at higher inclination angles of the catheter with respect to the tissue demonstrated improvements in both sensitivity and specificity of lesion detection. Removing low-voltage electrograms with concurrent activation of both electrodes, suggesting false attenuation of the bipolar electrogram due to alignment with the excitation wavefront, had little effect on the accuracy of voltage mapping. Conclusions Our results demonstrate possible mechanisms for the impact of catheter orientation on voltage mapping accuracy. Moreover, results from our simulations suggest that mapping accuracy may be improved by selectively controlling the inclination of the catheter to record at higher angles with respect to the tissue.}, language = {en}, number = {7}, urldate = {2014-08-22}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Blauer, Joshua J. E. and Swenson, Darrell and Higuchi, Koji and Plank, Gernot and Ranjan, Ravi and Marrouche, Nassir and Macleod, Rob S.}, month = jul, year = {2014}, keywords = {bipolar electrogram, computer-based model, electroanatomical mapping, voltage mapping}, pages = {774--780}, file = {jce12444.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GGWFX4KV/jce12444.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VTW3JZEP/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{sasaki_quantitative_2011, title = {Quantitative assessment of artifacts on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators}, volume = {4}, issn = {1942-0080}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.111.965764}, abstract = {BACKGROUND The safety and clinical utility of MRI at 1.5 T in patients with cardiac implantable devices such as pacemakers (PM) and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) have been reported. This study aims to evaluate the extent of artifacts on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with PM and ICD (PM/ICD). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 71 CMR studies were performed with an established safety protocol in patients with prepectoral PM/ICD. The artifact area around the PM/ICD generator was measured in all short-axis (SA), horizontal (HLA), and vertical long-axis (VLA) SSFP cine planes. The location and extent of artifacts were also assessed in all SA (20 sectors per plane), HLA, and VLA (6 sectors per plane) late gadolinium-enhanced CMR (LGE-CMR) planes. The artifact area on cine CMR was significantly larger with ICD versus PM generators in each plane (P{\textless}0.001, respectively). In patients with left-sided ICD or biventricular ICD systems, the percentages of sectors with any artifacts on LGE-CMR were 53.7\%, 48.0\%, and 49.2\% in SA, HLA, and VLA planes, respectively. Patients with left-sided PM or right-sided PM/ICD had fewer artifacts. Anterior and apical regions were severely affected by artifact caused by left-sided PM/ICD generators. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to patients with right-sided PM/ICD and left-sided PM, the anterior and apical left ventricle can be affected by susceptibility artifacts in patients with left-sided ICD. Artifact reduction methodologies will be necessary to improve the performance of CMR in patients with left sided ICD systems.}, number = {6}, journal = {Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging}, author = {Sasaki, Takeshi and Hansford, Rozann and Zviman, Menekhem M. and Kolandaivelu, Aravindan and Bluemke, David A. and Berger, Ronald D. and Calkins, Hugh and Halperin, Henry R. and Nazarian, Saman}, month = nov, year = {2011}, pmid = {21946701}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Artifacts, Cohort Studies, Defibrillators, Implantable, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Male, Middle Aged, Pacemaker, Artificial, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index}, pages = {662--670}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GTPHXTFC/Sasaki et al. - 2011 - Quantitative Assessment of Artifacts on Cardiac Ma.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lim_delineating_2014, title = {Delineating atrial scar by electroanatomic voltage mapping versus cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: {Where} to draw the line?}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, issn = {1540-8167}, shorttitle = {Delineating {Atrial} {Scar} by {Electroanatomic} {Voltage} {Mapping} {Versus} {Cardiac} {Magnetic} {Resonance} {Imaging}}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jce.12481/abstract}, doi = {10.1111/jce.12481}, language = {en}, urldate = {2014-09-30}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Lim, Han S. and Yamashita, Seigo and Cochet, Hubert and Ha{\"i}ssaguerre, Michel}, month = jul, year = {2014}, keywords = {3-dimensional systems, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, late gadolinium enhancement, MRI, voltage mapping}, pages = {n/a--n/a}, file = {jce12481.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KJ6RGJUE/jce12481.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THV4ENI7/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{poldermans_reducing_2009, title = {Reducing cardiac risk in non-cardiac surgery: evidence from the {DECREASE} studies}, volume = {11}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Poldermans, Don and Schouten, Olaf and Bax, Jeroen and Winkel, Tamara A.}, year = {2009}, pages = {A9--14}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PQC83XZU/DECREASE-Evidence.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{magne_ischemic_2009, title = {Ischemic mitral regurgitation: {A} complex multifaceted disease}, volume = {112}, issn = {1421-9751 (Electronic) 0008-6312 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {Cardiology}, author = {Magne, J. and Senechal, M. and Dumesnil, J. G. and Pibarot, P.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {*Coronary Artery Bypass, Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods, Humans, Mitral Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology/*surgery, Myocardial Infarction/complications, Myocardial Ischemia/*complications/surgery, Prevalence, Quebec/epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Stroke Volume, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {244--259}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NEN7EZ99/isch-mr2.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kwaku_typical_2002, title = {Typical {AVNRT}: {An} update on mechanisms and therapy}, volume = {6}, issn = {1385-2264, 1573-725X}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A%3A1021140509804}, doi = {10.1023/A:1021140509804}, abstract = {Typical atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is the most common paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia among adults, and accounts for considerable morbidity. The concept of dual pathway physiology remains useful, although this physiology likely results from the functional properties of anisotropic tissue within the triangle of Koch, rather than anatomically distinct tracts of conduction. Also, there remains debate regarding whether the critical reentrant circuit path requires participation of the atrium. In our opinion, current evidence favors functional anisotropic reentry limited to the subatrial tissues as the arrhythmia mechanism. Reasons for this are reviewed. Fortunately, typical AVNRT is readily amenable to definitive therapy by catheter-based radiofrequency energy delivery at the so-called slow pathway region located at the posterior Triangle of Koch. Anterior or left-sided approaches are very rarely indicated. Results from multiple series have shown this strategy to be both safe and effective, therefore ablation therapy should now be considered as the definitive therapy of choice for the majority of patients.}, language = {en}, number = {4}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {Cardiac Electrophysiology Review}, author = {Kwaku, Kevin F. and Josephson, Mark E.}, month = dec, year = {2002}, keywords = {atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, Atrioventricular Node, cardiology, dual atrioventricular nodal physiology, radiofrequency catheter ablation}, pages = {414--421}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U9Q7G46F/Kwaku and Josephson - 2002 - Typical AVNRT{\textemdash}An Update on Mechanisms and Therapy.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8DIBA5TV/A1021140509804.html:text/html} } @article{reddy_balloon_2008, title = {Balloon catheter ablation to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: {What} is the level of pulmonary venous isolation?}, volume = {5}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Balloon catheter ablation to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527107011010}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2007.11.006}, abstract = {Background Unlike the initial balloon ablation catheters that were designed to deliver ablation lesions within the pulmonary veins (PVs), the current balloon prototypes are fashioned to deliver lesions at the PV ostia. Objective Using electroanatomical mapping, this study evaluates the actual location of ablation lesions generated by cryo-based, laser-based, or ultrasound-based balloon catheters. Methods In a total of 14 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, PV isolation was performed using either a cryoballoon catheter (8 patients), laser catheter (4 patients) or ultrasound balloon catheter (2 patients). Patients underwent preprocedural computed tomographic/magnetic resonance imaging. An intracardiac ultrasound catheter was used to aid in positioning the balloon catheter at the PV ostium/antrum. In all patients, sinus rhythm bipolar voltage amplitude maps (using either CARTO with computed tomographic/magnetic resonance image integration or NavX mapping) were generated at baseline and after electrical PV isolation as confirmed by use of a circular mapping catheter. Results Electrical isolation was achieved in 100\% of the PVs. Electroanatomical mapping revealed that after ablation with any of the 3 balloon catheters, the extent of isolation included the tubular portions of each PV to the level of the PV ostia. However, the PV antral portions were left largely unablated with all 3 balloon technologies. Conclusion Using the current generation of balloon ablation catheters, electrical isolation occurs at the level of the PV ostia, but the antral regions are largely unablated.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Reddy, Vivek Y. and Neuzil, Petr and d{\textquoteright}Avila, Andre and Laragy, Margaret and Malchano, Zachary J. and Kralovec, Stepan and Kim, Steven J. and Ruskin, Jeremy N.}, month = mar, year = {2008}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Balloon catheter, Catheter Ablation, cryoablation, electroanatomical mapping, Focused ultrasound, Laser}, pages = {353--360}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/A6PGKD86/Reddy et al. - 2008 - Balloon catheter ablation to treat paroxysmal atri.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CG7CGVBD/S1547527107011010.html:text/html} } @article{bo_high-sensitivity_2009, title = {High-sensitivity {C}-reactive protein is not independently associated with peripheral subclinical atherosclerosis}, volume = {60}, issn = {1940-1574 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {Angiology}, author = {Bo, M. and Corsinovi, L. and Brescianini, A. and Sona, A. and Astengo, M. and Dumitrache, R. and Ferrio, M. F. and Pricop, L. and Fonte, G.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Aged, Ankle/blood supply, Atherosclerosis/complications/*immunology/physiopathology/ultrasonography, Biological Markers/analysis, Blood Pressure, Brachial Artery/physiopathology, Cardiovascular Diseases/*immunology/physiopathology/ultrasonography, Carotid Arteries/ultrasonography, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Diseases/complications/*immunology/physiopathology/ultrasonography, Female, Humans, Italy, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Peripheral Vascular, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Tunica Intima/ultrasonography, Tunica Media/ultrasonography, Up-Regulation}, pages = {12--20}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WMRHDHNT/Bo-2009-High-sensitivity C-r.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lip_hypertensive_2000, title = {Hypertensive heart disease. {A} complex syndrome or a hypertensive 'cardiomyopathy'?}, volume = {21}, number = {20}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Lip, G. Y. H. and Felmeden, D. C. and Li-Saw-Hee, F. L. and Beevers, D. G.}, year = {2000}, pages = {1653--1665}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IMUSU6DP/Lip HypertensiveHD.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{arepally_magnetic_2005, title = {Magnetic resonance image-guided trans-septal puncture in a swine heart}, volume = {21}, issn = {1522-2586}, number = {4}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, author = {Arepally, Aravind and Karmarkar, Parag V. and Weiss, Clifford and Rodriguez, E. Rene and Lederman, Robert J. and Atalar, Ergin}, year = {2005}, pages = {463--467}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RJZ7JEHG/Arepally MRGuide.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{griffith_sector_1974, title = {A sector scanner for real time two-dimensional echocardiography}, volume = {49}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/49/6/1147}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.49.6.1147}, abstract = {During the past several years one-dimensional pulse-echo ultrasound techniques have proven extremely useful in cardiac diagnosis. A one-dimensional system, however, only visualizes structures lying along a single straight line. The spatial relationships of the various cardiac structures are therefore not so easily defined as with two-dimensional systems which display the heart by constructing a plane image composed of many straight lines. We have developed a sector scanning system for obtaining two-dimensional echocardiograms in real time using ultrasonic pulse-echo techniques. Images are produced by angling rapidly a single transducer through a 30-degree sector from a fixed spot (between ribs) on the patient's chest. Thirty complete sectors (or frames) are produced per second. The use of a large diameter transducer ensures that signal strength is good and cardiac structures, including endocardium, can be visualized. Other advantages include high transducer sensitivity, real time imaging and easy visualization of various regions of the heart. Experience with more than 100 patients indicates that diagnostic quality two-dimensional echocardiograms can be readily obtained in essentially the same patients from whom one-dimensional echocardiograms are recorded and can usually be performed in less time.}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2014-12-17}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Griffith, James M. and Henry, Walter L.}, month = jun, year = {1974}, pmid = {4831657}, keywords = {Cardiac cross-sections, Noninvasive technique, Pulse-echo ultrasound, Ultrasonic imaging}, pages = {1147--1152}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/W3VTDC2R/Griffith and Henry - 1974 - A Sector Scanner for Real Time Two-Dimensional Ech.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PRNEQFM4/1147.html:text/html} } @article{ridker_comparison_2002, title = {Comparison of {C}-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events}, volume = {347}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, number = {20}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Ridker, P. M. and Rifai, N. and Rose, L. and Buring, J. E. and Cook, N. R.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Aged, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/*epidemiology, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Hormone Replacement Therapy, Humans, Incidence, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prognosis, Risk, Risk Factors, ROC Curve}, pages = {1557--65}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NT6IVVQT/Ridker-2002-Comparison of C-reac.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wein_automatic_2008, title = {Automatic {CT}-ultrasound registration for diagnostic imaging and image-guided intervention}, volume = {12}, issn = {1361-8423}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18650121}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2008.06.006}, abstract = {The fusion of tracked ultrasound with CT has benefits for a variety of clinical applications, however extensive manual effort is usually required for correct registration. We developed new methods that allow one to simulate medical ultrasound from CT in real-time, reproducing the majority of ultrasonic imaging effects. They are combined with a robust similarity measure that assesses the correlation of a combination of signals extracted from CT with ultrasound, without knowing the influence of each signal. This serves as the foundation of a fully automatic registration, that aligns a 3D ultrasound sweep with the corresponding tomographic modality using a rigid or an affine transformation model, without any manual interaction. These techniques were evaluated in a study involving 25 patients with indeterminate lesions in liver and kidney. The clinical setup, acquisition and registration workflow is described, along with the evaluation of the registration accuracy with respect to physician-defined Ground Truth. Our new algorithm correctly registers without any manual interaction in 76\% of the cases, the average RMS TRE over multiple target lesions throughout the liver is 8.1mm.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2012-09-18}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Wein, Wolfgang and Brunke, Shelby and Khamene, Ali and Callstrom, Matthew R. and Navab, Nassir}, month = oct, year = {2008}, pmid = {18650121}, keywords = {Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Kidney Neoplasms, Liver Neoplasms, Pattern Recognition, Automated, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography}, pages = {577--585}, file = {wein2008ctusfusion.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TP4BMQB9/wein2008ctusfusion.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{connolly_canadian_2000, title = {Canadian implantable defibrillator study ({CIDS}): {A} randomized trial of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator against amiodarone}, volume = {101}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/11/1297}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.101.11.1297}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Patients surviving ventricular fibrillation (VF) or sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) are at a high risk of death due to a recurrence of arrhythmia. The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) terminates VT or VF, but it is not known whether this device prolongs life in these patients compared with medical therapy with amiodarone. Methods and Results{\textemdash}A total of 659 patients with resuscitated VF or VT or with unmonitored syncope were randomly assigned to treatment with the ICD or with amiodarone. The primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was arrhythmic death. A total of 328 patients were randomized to receive an ICD. A thoracotomy was done in 33, no ICD was implanted in 18, and the rest had a nonthoracotomy ICD. All 331 patients randomized to amiodarone received it initially. At 5 years, 85.4\% of patients assigned to amiodarone were still receiving it at a mean dose of 255 mg/day, 28.1\% of ICD patients were also receiving amiodarone, and 21.4\% of amiodarone patients had received an ICD. A nonsignificant reduction in the risk of death was observed with the ICD, from 10.2\% per year to 8.3\% per year (19.7\% relative risk reduction; 95\% confidence interval, -7.7\% to 40\%; P=0.142). A nonsignificant reduction in the risk of arrhythmic death was observed, from 4.5\% per year to 3.0\% per year (32.8\% relative risk reduction; 95\% confidence interval, -7.2\% to 57.8\%; P=0.094). Conclusions{\textemdash}A 20\% relative risk reduction occurred in all-cause mortality and a 33\% reduction occurred in arrhythmic mortality with ICD therapy compared with amiodarone; this reduction did not reach statistical significance.}, language = {en}, number = {11}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Connolly, Stuart J. and Gent, Michael and Roberts, Robin S. and Dorian, Paul and Roy, Denis and Sheldon, Robert S. and Mitchell, L. Brent and Green, Martin S. and Klein, George J. and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Bernard}, month = mar, year = {2000}, pmid = {10725290}, keywords = {amiodarone, Defibrillators, Implantable, heart arrest, tachycardia}, pages = {1297--1302}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WJJ4VFZA/Connolly et al. - 2000 - Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS) A .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HWGSFBIC/1297.html:text/html} } @article{casolo_identification_2006, title = {Identification of the ischemic etiology of heart failure by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: {Diagnostic} accuracy of late gadolinium enhancement}, volume = {151}, issn = {0002-8703}, shorttitle = {Identification of the ischemic etiology of heart failure by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002870305005363}, doi = {10.1016/j.ahj.2005.03.068}, abstract = {Background A large proportion of patients with heart failure (HF) have a large and poorly contracting left ventricle. The noninvasive recognition of the ischemic etiology of such patients is difficult, and for this purpose, usually patients undergo coronary angiography. It has been shown that cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can detect myocardial scarring by evaluating late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). The diagnostic accuracy of such method in differentiating the etiology of HF has not been previously tested in an unselected HF ambulatory population. Methods We studied 60 ambulatory patients consecutively enrolled from a specialized HF clinic. We included HF patients who were found to have increased left ventricular (LV) dimensions and reduced function. CMR was performed in these patients by operators who were unaware of patients' history and clinical conditions. LV dimensions and global and regional function, as well as the pattern of LGE, were obtained in each subject. Coronary angiography was subsequently performed in all the patients. The diagnostic accuracy of clinical history and electrocardiographic patterns, as well as regional wall motion abnormalities, wall thinning, and LGE, in differentiating coronary artery disease (CAD) from non-CAD patients were evaluated. Results The majority of CAD patients (98\%) showed LV contrast hyperenhancement with respect to non-CAD HF subjects (16\%). The detection of LGE by CMR had a sensitivity of 98\% and a specificity of 84\% and an overall accuracy of 93\% in detecting CAD etiology among HF patients. Conclusions LGE is able to accurately differentiate CAD from non-CAD etiology of HF and may represent a clinically useful noninvasive tool for this purpose. As it provides relevant functional information as well as insight into the etiology, CMR may be included among the most important diagnostic tools in the workup of patients with HF.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {American Heart Journal}, author = {Casolo, Giancarlo and Minneci, Sergio and Manta, Rosanna and Sulla, Antonio and Del Meglio, Jacopo and Rega, Luigi and Gensini, Gianfranco}, month = jan, year = {2006}, pages = {101--108}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EZ45TVRK/Casolo et al. - 2006 - Identification of the ischemic etiology of heart f.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CBBM6KRB/S0002870305005363.html:text/html} } @article{beutler_racial_1998, title = {Racial variability in the {UDP}-glucuronosyltransferase 1 ({UGT}1A1) promoter: a balanced polymorphism for regulation of bilirubin metabolism?}, volume = {95}, issn = {0027-8424 (Print)}, number = {14}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Science}, author = {Beutler, E. and Gelbart, T. and Demina, A.}, year = {1998}, keywords = {*Polymorphism, Genetic, Bilirubin/genetics/*metabolism, Continental Population Groups, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Genetic Variation, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Promoter Regions, Genetic/*genetics}, pages = {8170--4}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CQB2NBJD/Beutler-1998-Racial variability i.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{chang_apolipoprotein_2009, title = {Apolipoprotein {E}4 allele influences the response of plasma triglyceride levels to tamoxifen in breast cancer patients}, volume = {401}, issn = {1873-3492 (Electronic)}, number = {1-2}, journal = {Clinica Chimica Acta}, author = {Chang, N. W. and Chen, F. N. and Wu, C. T. and Lin, C. F. and Chen, D. R.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Alleles, Apolipoprotein E4/*genetics, Breast Neoplasms/*blood/drug therapy/*genetics, Cholesterol, HDL/blood, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Female, Genotype, Humans, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, Tamoxifen/administration \& dosage/*therapeutic use, Triglycerides/*blood}, pages = {144--7}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RAD54UGC/Chang-2009-Apolipoprotein E4 al.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wen_adaptive_2008, title = {Adaptive postprocessing techniques for myocardial tissue tracking with displacement-encoded {MR} imaging}, volume = {246}, issn = {1527-1315 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {Radiology}, author = {Wen, H. and Marsolo, K. A. and Bennett, E. E. and Kutten, K. S. and Lewis, R. P. and Lipps, D. B. and Epstein, N. D. and Plehn, J. F. and Croisille, P.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Female, Heart/ physiopathology, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ methods, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies}, pages = {229--40}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UQTZKEX9/Wen AdaptivePostprocessing.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lakhan_interventionalism_2009, title = {The interventionalism of medicine: {Interventional} radiology, cardiology, and neuroradiology}, volume = {2}, issn = {1755-7682}, shorttitle = {The interventionalism of medicine}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2745361/}, doi = {10.1186/1755-7682-2-27}, abstract = {Interventional medical practitioners are specialists who do minimally invasive procedures instead of surgery or other treatment. Most often, these procedures utilize various imaging and catheterization techniques in order to diagnose and treat vascular issues in the body. Interventionalist techniques, including injecting arteries with dye, visualizing these via x-ray, and opening up blockages, developed from early pioneers' bold and sometimes controversial experiments which aimed to find safer and better ways to treat coronary artery and other atherosclerotic vascular disease. Currently, the major interventional specialties are interventional (or vascular) radiology, interventional cardiology, and endovascular surgical (interventional) neuroradiology. All three are perfecting the use of stents and other procedures to keep diseased arteries open, while also evaluating the application these procedures. The rapid new development of imaging technologies, mechanical devices, and types of treatment, while certainly beneficial to the patient, can also lead to ambiguity regarding specific specialty claims on certain techniques and devices. While these practitioners can be in competition with each other, cooperation and communication are the most advantageous methods to deal with these "turf wars." All of the interventionalists are needed to deliver the best medical care to patients, now and in the future.}, urldate = {2014-12-04}, journal = {International Archives of Medicine}, author = {Lakhan, Shaheen E. and Kaplan, Anna and Laird, Cyndi and Leiter, Yaacov}, month = sep, year = {2009}, pmid = {19740425}, pmcid = {PMC2745361}, pages = {27}, file = {1755-7682-2-27.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XQV3RKGW/1755-7682-2-27.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{rajpoot_evaluation_2011, title = {The evaluation of single-view and multi-view fusion 3D echocardiography using image-driven segmentation and tracking}, volume = {15}, issn = {1361-8415}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841511000296}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2011.02.007}, abstract = {Real-time 3D echocardiography (RT3DE) promises a more objective and complete cardiac functional analysis by dynamic 3D image acquisition. Despite several efforts towards automation of left ventricle (LV) segmentation and tracking, these remain challenging research problems due to the poor-quality nature of acquired images usually containing missing anatomical information, speckle noise, and limited field-of-view (FOV). Recently, multi-view fusion 3D echocardiography has been introduced as acquiring multiple conventional single-view RT3DE images with small probe movements and fusing them together after alignment. This concept of multi-view fusion helps to improve image quality and anatomical information and extends the FOV. We now take this work further by comparing single-view and multi-view fused images in a systematic study. In order to better illustrate the differences, this work evaluates image quality and information content of single-view and multi-view fused images using image-driven LV endocardial segmentation and tracking. The image-driven methods were utilized to fully exploit image quality and anatomical information present in the image, thus purposely not including any high-level constraints like prior shape or motion knowledge in the analysis approaches. Experiments show that multi-view fused images are better suited for LV segmentation and tracking, while relatively more failures and errors were observed on single-view images.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2011-11-20}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Rajpoot, Kashif and Grau, Vicente and Alison Noble, J. and Becher, Harald and Szmigielski, Cezary}, month = aug, year = {2011}, keywords = {Left ventricle, Multi-view fusion, Real-time 3D echocardiography, Segmentation, Tracking}, pages = {514--528}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/USDDU29W/Rajpoot et al. - 2011 - The evaluation of single-view and multi-view fusio.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7QD4688Z/S1361841511000296.html:text/html} } @article{weerasooriya_catheter_2011, title = {Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: {Are} results maintained at 5 years of follow-up?}, volume = {57}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Catheter {Ablation} for {Atrial} {Fibrillation}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109710042981}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2010.05.061}, abstract = {Objectives This study describes 5-year follow-up results of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). Background Long-term efficacy following catheter ablation of AF remains unknown. Methods A total of 100 patients (86 men, 14 women), age 55.7 {\textpm} 9.6 years, referred to our center for a first AF ablation (63\% paroxysmal; 3.5 {\textpm} 1.4 prior ineffective antiarrhythmic agents) were followed for 5 years. Complete success was defined as absence of any AF or atrial tachycardia recurrence (clinical or by 24-h Holter monitoring) lasting >=30 s. Results Arrhythmia-free survival rates after a single catheter ablation procedure were 40\%, 37\%, and 29\% at 1, 2, and 5 years, respectively, with most recurrences over the first 6 months. Patients with long-standing persistent AF experienced a higher recurrence rate than those with paroxysmal or persistent forms (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.9, 95\% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0 to 3.5; p = 0.0462). In all, 175 procedures were performed, with a median of 2 per patient. Arrhythmia-free survival following the last catheter ablation procedure was 87\%, 81\%, and 63\% at 1, 2, and 5 years, respectively. Valvular heart disease (HR: 6.0, 95\% CI: 2.0 to 17.6; p = 0.0012) and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (HR: 34.0, 95\% CI: 6.3 to 182.1; p \< 0.0001) independently predicted recurrences. Major complications (cardiac tamponade requiring drainage) occurred in 3 patients (3\%). Conclusions In selected patients with AF, a catheter ablation strategy with repeat intervention as necessary provides acceptable long-term relief. Although most recurrences transpire over the first 6 to 12 months, a slow but steady decline in arrhythmia-free survival is noted thereafter.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-11-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Weerasooriya, Rukshen and Khairy, Paul and Litalien, Jean and Macle, Laurent and Hocini, Meleze and Sacher, Frederic and Lellouche, Nicolas and Knecht, Sebastien and Wright, Matthew and Nault, Isabelle and Miyazaki, Shinsuke and Scavee, Christophe and Clementy, Jacques and Haissaguerre, Michel and Jais, Pierre}, month = jan, year = {2011}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, follow-up}, pages = {160--166}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UZMVB9RG/Weerasooriya et al. - 2011 - Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation Are Res.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RS348TQZ/S0735109710042981.html:text/html} } @article{kim_use_2000, title = {The use of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to identify reversible myocardial dysfunction}, volume = {343}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200011163432003}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM200011163432003}, abstract = {In patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction, the distinction between reversible and irreversible myocardial injury is important. The identification of viable myocardium is useful in predicting which patients will have increased left ventricular ejection fractions1{\textendash}7 and improved survival8{\textendash}11 after revascularization. Noninvasive methods for assessing myocardial viability include positron-emission tomography, single-photon-emission computed tomography, and dobutamine echocardiography. These techniques have proven clinical utility, but each has limitations that may reduce its diagnostic accuracy. For example, they interpret myocardial viability as an all-or-none phenomenon within a myocardial region, since none can assess the transmural extent of viability of . . .}, number = {20}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Kim, Raymond J. and Wu, Edwin and Rafael, Allen and Chen, Enn-Ling and Parker, Michele A. and Simonetti, Orlando and Klocke, Francis J. and Bonow, Robert O. and Judd, Robert M.}, month = nov, year = {2000}, pmid = {11078769}, pages = {1445--1453}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6SJFMCWP/Kim et al. - 2000 - The Use of Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Im.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2J4UEFJR/NEJM200011163432003.html:text/html} } @article{pannu_-blockers_2006, title = {$\beta$-blockers for cardiac {CT}: {A} primer for the radiologist}, volume = {186}, issn = {0361-803X}, shorttitle = {$\beta$-{Blockers} for {Cardiac} {CT}}, url = {http://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.04.1944}, doi = {10.2214/AJR.04.1944}, abstract = {ABSTRACT : OBJECTIVE. The objective of this article is to describe a protocol for the administration of $\beta$-blockers for cardiac CT. A low and regular heart rate is necessary for optimal visualization of the coronary arteries on CT and can be achieved by the administration of medications.CONCLUSION. Beta-blockers can be safely given, orally or IV, to most patients to lower the heart rate for cardiac CT. A protocol can be implemented and patients can be screened for certain contraindications to allow successful administration of these medications by radiologists.}, urldate = {2014-08-26}, journal = {American Journal of Roentgenology}, author = {Pannu, Harpreet K. and Alvarez, William and Fishman, Elliot K.}, month = jun, year = {2006}, keywords = {cardiac imaging, coronary arteries, CT arteriography, MDCT, $\beta$-blocker}, pages = {S341--S345}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9IAMTZQM/Pannu et al. - 2006 - $\beta$-Blockers for Cardiac CT A Primer for the Radiol.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KE62MQ9Q/AJR.04.html:text/html} } @book{shem_house_1979, address = {New York}, title = {The {House} of {God}}, isbn = {9780440133711}, language = {English}, publisher = {Dell Publishing}, author = {Shem, Samuel}, year = {1979} } @article{niskanen_inflammation_2004, title = {Inflammation, abdominal obesity, and smoking as predictors of hypertension}, volume = {44}, issn = {1524-4563 (Electronic)}, number = {6}, journal = {Hypertension}, author = {Niskanen, L. and Laaksonen, D. E. and Nyyssonen, K. and Punnonen, K. and Valkonen, V. P. and Fuentes, R. and Tuomainen, T. P. and Salonen, R. and Salonen, J. T.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Alcohol Drinking, C-Reactive Protein/metabolism, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypertension/epidemiology/*etiology/physiopathology, Inflammation/physiopathology, Male, Metabolic Syndrome X/physiopathology, Middle Aged, Obesity/*physiopathology, Risk Factors, Smoking/*physiopathology, Waist-Hip Ratio}, pages = {859--65}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JQFZ35MI/Niskanen-2004-Inflammation, abdomi.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{maes_multimodality_1997, title = {Multimodality image registration by maximization of mutual information}, volume = {16}, issn = {0278-0062}, doi = {10.1109/42.563664}, abstract = {A new approach to the problem of multimodality medical image registration is proposed, using a basic concept from information theory, mutual information (MI), or relative entropy, as a new matching criterion. The method presented in this paper applies MI to measure the statistical dependence or information redundancy between the image intensities of corresponding voxels in both images, which is assumed to be maximal if the images are geometrically aligned. Maximization of MI is a very general and powerful criterion, because no assumptions are made regarding the nature of this dependence and no limiting constraints are imposed on the image content of the modalities involved. The accuracy of the MI criterion is validated for rigid body registration of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), and photon emission tomography (PET) images by comparison with the stereotactic registration solution, while robustness is evaluated with respect to implementation issues, such as interpolation and optimization, and image content, including partial overlap and image degradation. Our results demonstrate that subvoxel accuracy with respect to the stereotactic reference solution can be achieved completely automatically and without any prior segmentation, feature extraction, or other preprocessing steps which makes this method very well suited for clinical applications.}, number = {2}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Maes, F. and Collignon, A. and Vandermeulen, D. and Marchal, G. and Suetens, P.}, month = apr, year = {1997}, keywords = {Algorithms, biomedical NMR, brain, clinical applications, computed tomography, computerised tomography, Diagnostic Imaging, entropy, Humans, image content, image degradation, image intensities, image matching, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, image registration, information redundancy, information theory, interpolation, Magnetic resonance, matching criterion, maximization, medical image processing, medical image registration, multimodality image registration, mutual information, optimisation, optimization, partial overlap, PET images, photon emission tomography, positron emission tomography, relative entropy, rigid body registration, statistical analysis, statistical dependence, stereotactic reference solution, stereotactic registration solution, subvoxel accuracy, voxels}, pages = {187 --198}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/S3ZFPADJ/Maes et al. - 1997 - Multimodality image registration by maximization o.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G28TRGSW/Maes et al. - 1997 - Multimodality image registration by maximization o.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kitzman_age-related_1990, title = {Age-related changes in the anatomy of the normal human heart}, volume = {45}, issn = {0022-1422,}, url = {http://geronj.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/2/M33}, doi = {10.1093/geronj/45.2.M33}, abstract = {Recent information has expanded our knowledge regarding age-related changes in the normal heart.With advancing age there are significant increases in heart weight, ventricular septal and probably left ventricular free wall thickness, and in valve circumferences.In the myocardium, there are increases in fat, collagen, elastin, and lipofuscin.The geometry of the heart changes as well, due to decreasing base-to-apex dimension, rightward shift and dilatation of the aortic root, and left atrial dilatation.The aortic and mitral valves thicken and become fibrotic along their appositional surfaces, and their annuli are the sites of collagen degeneration, lipid accumulation, and calcification.The coronary arteries become tortuous, dilated, and focally calcified.There are atrophy and loss of specialized conduction tissue in the atria and ventricles.These changes, while usually modest, might diminish the ability of the aged heart to adapt to the stresses imposed by a number of cardiovascular diseases}, language = {en}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-22}, journal = {Journal of Gerontology}, author = {Kitzman, Dalane W. and Edwards, William D.}, month = mar, year = {1990}, pmid = {2179390}, pages = {M33--M39}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4JDAR3IH/M33.html:text/html} } @article{wen_spatial_2008, title = {Spatial harmonic imaging of x-ray scattering -- initial results}, volume = {27}, issn = {1558-0062 (Electronic)}, number = {8}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Wen, H. and Bennett, E. E. and Hegedus, M. M. and Carroll, S. C.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Algorithms, Imaging, Three-Dimensional/*methods, Pilot Projects, Radiographic Image Enhancement/*methods, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/*methods, Radiography/*methods, Reproducibility of Results, Scattering, Radiation, Sensitivity and Specificity, X-Ray Diffraction/*methods, X-Rays}, pages = {997--1002}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ECU3RRUS/SpatialHarmonicXray.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mak_rosuvastatin_2009, title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {360}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271274}, number = {10}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Mak, K. H. and Chan, E. S.}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, Diabetes Mellitus/*chemically induced, effects/therapeutic use, Fluorobenzenes/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*adverse, Pravastatin/adverse effects, Pyrimidines/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Risk, Sulfonamides/*adverse effects/therapeutic use}, pages = {1039--40; author reply 1041--2} } @article{whitaker_level-set_1998, title = {A level-set approach to 3D reconstruction from range data}, volume = {29}, issn = {0920-5691, 1573-1405}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A%3A1008036829907}, doi = {10.1023/A:1008036829907}, abstract = {This paper presents a method that uses the level sets of volumes to reconstruct the shapes of 3D objects from range data. The strategy is to formulate 3D reconstruction as a statistical problem: find that surface which is mostly likely, given the data and some prior knowledge about the application domain. The resulting optimization problem is solved by an incremental process of deformation. We represent a deformable surface as the level set of a discretely sampled scalar function of three dimensions, i.e., a volume. Such level-set models have been shown to mimic conventional deformable surface models by encoding surface movements as changes in the greyscale values of the volume. The result is a voxel-based modeling technology that offers several advantages over conventional parametric models, including flexible topology, no need for reparameterization, concise descriptions of differential structure, and a natural scale space for hierarchical representations. This paper builds on previous work in both 3D reconstruction and level-set modeling. It presents a fundamental result in surface estimation from range data: an analytical characterization of the surface that maximizes the posterior probability. It also presents a novel computational technique for level-set modeling, called the sparse-field algorithm, which combines the advantages of a level-set approach with the computational efficiency and accuracy of a parametric representation. The sparse-field algorithm is more efficient than other approaches, and because it assigns the level set to a specific set of grid points, it positions the level-set model more accurately than the grid itself. These properties, computational efficiency and subcell accuracy, are essential when trying to reconstruct the shapes of 3D objects. Results are shown for the reconstruction objects from sets of noisy and overlapping range maps.}, language = {en}, number = {3}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Vision}, author = {Whitaker, Ross T.}, month = sep, year = {1998}, keywords = {Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Automation and Robotics, Bayesian estimation, Computer Imaging, Graphics and Computer Vision, Deformable models, Image processing, level sets, range data, Surface reconstruction}, pages = {203--231}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7VEKPF7R/Whitaker - 1998 - A Level-Set Approach to 3D Reconstruction from Ran.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BMAT6QRV/10.html:text/html} } @article{dobrzynski_new_2007, title = {New insights into pacemaker activity: promoting understanding of sick sinus syndrome}, volume = {115}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic) 0009-7322 (Linking)}, number = {14}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Dobrzynski, H. and Boyett, M. R. and Anderson, R. H.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {*Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Action Potentials, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging/physiology, Animals, Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology, Child, Child, Preschool, Connexins/genetics/physiology, Female, Forecasting, Gap Junctions/physiology, Heart Conduction System/physiology/physiopathology, Heart Failure/physiopathology, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Ion Channel Gating, Ion Channels/genetics/physiology, Male, Mammals/anatomy \& histology, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Middle Aged, Sick Sinus Syndrome/epidemiology/*physiopathology, Sinoatrial Node/*physiopathology/ultrastructure}, pages = {1921--32}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T7VFHR92/sicksinus.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{spragg_initial_2012, title = {Initial experience with magnetic resonance imaging of atrial scar and co-registration with electroanatomic voltage mapping during atrial fibrillation: {Success} and limitations}, volume = {9}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Initial experience with magnetic resonance imaging of atrial scar and co-registration with electroanatomic voltage mapping during atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527112009733}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.08.039}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently requires multiple procedures to achieve durable restoration of sinus rhythm. Early studies have suggested that delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) of the left atrium (LA) can assist in performing repeat ablation procedures. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of DE-MRI in delineating regions of LA low voltage and PV reconnection sites in patients undergoing repeat PV isolation for recurrent AF. METHODS We enrolled 10 patients undergoing repeat ablation for AF recurrence to undergo preprocedural DE-MRI of the LA in conjunction with high-density voltage mapping (\>100 sites) of the LA during the ablation procedure. LA wall regions with hyperenhancement were segmented from DE-MRI images and retrospectively co-registered with the electroanatomic LA map. The association between scar on DE-MRI images and low-voltage regions of the LA was assessed, as was the association between scar gaps and electrogram-determined PV reconnection sites. RESULTS Ten patients underwent successful DE-MRI imaging and repeat AF ablation without complication. In all 10 patients, the majority of PVs were found to have regained electrical continuity with the LA (30/37 PVs electrically active); all patients underwent successful reisolation of all PVs using standard ablation techniques. There was a significant association between scar identified by DE-MRI and low-voltage regions of the LA ({\textendash}0.7{\textpm}0.1 mV in scar regions; generalized estimating equations model clustered by patient, P\<.001). However, there was no association between scar gaps and PV reconnection sites. CONCLUSION We demonstrate the co-registration of DE-MRI scar imaging and electroanatomic LA mapping, with agreement between regions of scar on DE-MRI and low voltage by mapping. However, at our center, this technique did not provide accurate information on the location of PV reconnection sites in patients undergoing repeat ablation for AF.}, number = {12}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Spragg, David D. and Khurram, Irfan and Zimmerman, Stefan L. and Yarmohammadi, Hirad and Barcelon, Bernie and Needleman, Matthew and Edwards, David and Marine, Joseph E. and Calkins, Hugh and Nazarian, Saman}, month = dec, year = {2012}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, pages = {2003--2009}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3Q6UD3WT/Spragg et al. - 2012 - Initial experience with magnetic resonance imaging.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JINFSCRW/S1547527112009733.html:text/html} } @article{funke_pharmacogenetics_2008, title = {Pharmacogenetics in colorectal cancer: a systematic review}, volume = {9}, issn = {1744-8042 (Electronic)}, number = {8}, journal = {Pharmacogenomics}, author = {Funke, S. and Brenner, H. and Chang-Claude, J.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Animals, Antineoplastic Agents/ therapeutic use, Colorectal Neoplasms/ drug therapy/ genetics, Humans, Pharmacogenetics/ methods/trends}, pages = {1079--99} } @article{bertaglia_image_2009, title = {Image integration increases efficacy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation catheter ablation: {Results} from the {CartoMerge} {Italian} {Registry}}, volume = {11}, issn = {1532-2092}, shorttitle = {Image integration increases efficacy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation catheter ablation}, doi = {10.1093/europace/eup152}, abstract = {AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate whether circumferential pulmonary vein (PV) isolation guided by image integration improves the procedural and clinical outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in comparison with segmental PV isolation and circumferential PV isolation guided by three-dimensional (3D) electroanatomical mapping alone. METHODS AND RESULTS: Procedural and clinical outcomes of 573 patients who underwent their first catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF between January 2005 and April 2007 were collected from 12 centres. We evaluated three techniques: segmental ostial PV isolation (SOCA group, 240 patients), circumferential PV isolation guided by electroanatomical mapping (CARTO group, 107 patients), and circumferential PV isolation guided by electroanatomical mapping integrated with magnetic resonance/computed tomographic images of the left atrium (MERGE group, 226 patients). Procedure duration proved to be shorter in MERGE group patients than in CARTO group patients (P {\textless} 0.04), but longer than in SOCA group patients (P {\textless} 0.0001). During follow-up, atrial tachyarrhythmias relapsed more frequently in SOCA group patients (44.6\%) and CARTO group patients (41.7\%) than in MERGE group patients (22.6\%; P {\textless} 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In patients with paroxysmal AF, circumferential PV isolation guided by image integration significantly improves clinical outcome in comparison with both circumferential PV isolation guided by 3D mapping alone and with segmental electrophysiologically guided PV isolation.}, language = {eng}, number = {8}, journal = {Europace}, author = {Bertaglia, Emanuele and Bella, Paolo Della and Tondo, Claudio and Proclemer, Alessandro and Bottoni, Nicola and De Ponti, Roberto and Landolina, Maurizio and Bongiorni, Maria Grazia and Cor{\`o}, Leonardo and Stabile, Giuseppe and Dello Russo, Antonio and Verlato, Roberto and Mantica, Massimo and Zoppo, Franco}, month = aug, year = {2009}, pmid = {19541681}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Catheter Ablation, Diagnostic Imaging, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Subtraction Technique, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Survival Analysis, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Ytterbium}, pages = {1004--1010}, file = {Bertaglia.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IWQXJVDQ/Bertaglia.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gartlehner_comparative_2008-1, title = {Comparative risk for harms of second-generation antidepressants: {A} systematic review and meta-analysis}, volume = {31}, issn = {0114-5916 (Print)}, number = {10}, journal = {Drug Safety}, author = {Gartlehner, G. and Thieda, P. and Hansen, R. A. and Gaynes, B. N. and Deveaugh-Geiss, A. and Krebs, E. E. and Lohr, K. N.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/ adverse effects/therapeutic use, Blood Pressure/drug effects, Depressive Disorder, Major/ drug therapy/psychology, Humans, Nausea/chemically induced, Risk Assessment/methods/statistics \& numerical data, Seizures/chemically induced, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/etiology, Treatment Outcome, Vomiting/chemically induced}, pages = {851--65} } @article{binder_artificial_1999, title = {Artificial neural networks and spatial temporal contour linking for automated endocardial contour detection on echocardiograms: a novel approach to determine left ventricular contractile function}, volume = {25}, issn = {0301-5629}, shorttitle = {Artificial neural networks and spatial temporal contour linking for automated endocardial contour detection on echocardiograms}, abstract = {This study investigated the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) for image segmentation and spatial temporal contour linking for the detection of endocardial contours on echocardiographic images. Using a backpropagation network, the system was trained with 279 sample regions obtained from eight training images to segment images into either tissue or blood pool region. The ANN system was then applied to parasternal short axis images of 38 patients. Spatial temporal contour linking was performed on the segmented images to extract endocardial boarders. Left ventricular areas (end-systolic and end-diastolic) determined with the automated system were calculated and compared to results obtained by manual contour tracing performed by two independent investigators. In addition, ejection fractions (EF) were derived using the area-length method and compared with radionuclide ventriculography. Image quality was classified as good in 12 (32\%), moderate in 13 (34\%) and poor in 13 (34\%) patients. The ANN system provided estimates of end-diastolic and end-systolic areas in 36 (89\%) of echocardiograms, which correlated well with those obtained by manual tracing (R = 0.99, SEE = 1.44). A good agreement was also found for the comparison of EF between the ANN system and Tc-radionuclide ventriculography (RNV, R = 0.93, SEE = 6.36). The ANN system also performed well in the subset of patients with poor image quality. Endocardial contour detection using artificial neural networks and spatial temporal contour linking allows accurate calculations of ventricular areas from transthoracic echocardiograms and performs well even in images with poor quality. This system could greatly enhance the feasibility, accuracy and reproducibility of calculating cardiac areas to derive left ventricular volumes and ejection fractions.}, language = {eng}, number = {7}, journal = {Ultrasound in Medicine \& Biology}, author = {Binder, T. and S{\"u}ssner, M. and Moertl, D. and Strohmer, T. and Baumgartner, H. and Maurer, G. and Porenta, G.}, month = sep, year = {1999}, pmid = {10574339}, keywords = {Adult, Cardiac Volume, Diastole, Echocardiography, Endocardium, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Neural Networks (Computer), Sensitivity and Specificity, Stroke Volume, Systole, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Ventricular Function, Left}, pages = {1069--1076}, file = {1-s2.0-S0301562999000599-main.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N3MUSIRM/1-s2.0-S0301562999000599-main.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{stoehr_factors_2008, title = {Factors associated with adherence to medication regimens in older primary care patients: {The} {Steel} {Valley} {Seniors} {Survey}}, volume = {6}, issn = {1543-5946 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {American Journal Geriatric Pharmacotherapy}, author = {Stoehr, G. P. and Lu, S. Y. and Lavery, L. and Bilt, J. V. and Saxton, J. A. and Chang, C. C. and Ganguli, M.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence/*statistics \& numerical data, Pennsylvania, Primary Health Care/*statistics \& numerical data, Rural Population/statistics \& numerical data}, pages = {255--63}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8AQ9RG6B/Stoehr-2008-Factors associated w.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{lynch_heart_2006, title = {Heart left lateral view of left ventricle}, shorttitle = {English}, url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_left_lateral_view.jpg}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, author = {Lynch, Patrick J.}, month = dec, year = {2006}, biboverride = {Patrick J. Lynch, \newblock ``{H}eart left lateral view of left ventricle'' [image]. \newblock Accessed 8 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/! \verb!File:Heart_left_lateral_view.jpg!, under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Generic license.}, file = {Wikimedia Image:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/57F4MZPA/illustrator - 2006 - English Heart left lateral view of left ventricle:image/jpeg;Wikimedia Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/A6JQ4MKF/illustrator - 2006 - English Heart left lateral view of left ventricle.html:text/html} } @article{perera_pharmacogenetic_2008, title = {Pharmacogenetic testing for uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 polymorphisms: {Are} we there yet?}, volume = {28}, issn = {0277-0008 (Print)}, number = {6}, journal = {Pharmacotherapy}, author = {Perera, M. A. and Innocenti, F. and Ratain, M. J.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Camptothecin/analogs \& derivatives/pharmacokinetics, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/ genetics, Humans, Pharmacogenetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology}, pages = {755--68}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/W2TJ5JXK/phco.28.6.755.pdf:application/pdf} } @misc{scalia_pga_2001, title = {Pga {Tour}, {Inc}. v. {Martin} ({Scalia}, {J}., dissenting)}, volume = {532}, shorttitle = {Pga {Tour}, {Inc}. v. {Martin}}, url = {http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/00-24.ZD.html}, language = {en-us}, urldate = {2014-11-27}, author = {{Scalia}}, month = may, year = {2001}, pages = {661}, file = {PDF version:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F7V3HIWM/Scalia - 2001 - Pga Tour, Inc. v. Martin (Scalia, J., dissenting).pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kusumoto_comprehensive_2008, title = {A comprehensive approach to management of ventricular arrhythmias}, volume = {26}, issn = {0733-8651}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B75HH-4SNPY8R-H/2/3668de09b971277b58726bd96955b1e0}, doi = {10.1016/j.ccl.2008.03.002}, abstract = {This review presents five cases that highlight the complexity of taking care of patients with ventricular arrhythmias. Three of the cases discuss management of patients with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in the setting of structural heart disease: dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and after myocardial infarction. A fourth case asks whether data from implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) trials can be extrapolated to older patients, and the fifth case discusses management of recurrent ventricular arrhythmias in a patient with an ICD.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Cardiology Clinics}, author = {Kusumoto, Fred}, month = aug, year = {2008}, pages = {481--496}, file = {s073386510800026x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HK79QTAV/s073386510800026x.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KA6XQURZ/science.html:text/html} } @article{monroe_what_2006, title = {What does it take to make the perfect clot?}, volume = {26}, issn = {1524-4636 (Electronic)}, number = {1}, journal = {Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology}, author = {Monroe, D. M. and Hoffman, M.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Animals, Blood Coagulation/*physiology, Homeostasis/*physiology, Humans, Thrombosis/*physiopathology}, pages = {41--8}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HH5MQG3J/Monroe-2006-What does it take to.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{stebbing_data-driven_2015, title = {Data-driven shape parameterization for segmentation of the right ventricle from 3D+t echocardiography}, volume = {21}, issn = {1361-8415}, url = {http://www.medicalimageanalysisjournal.com/article/S1361841514001868/abstract}, doi = {10.1016/j.media.2014.12.002}, abstract = {Model-based segmentation facilitates the accurate measurement of geometric properties of anatomy from ultrasound images. Regularization of the model surface is typically necessary due to the presence of noisy and incomplete boundaries. When simple regularizers are insufficient, linear basis shape models have been shown to be effective. However, for problems such as right ventricle (RV) segmentation from 3D+t echocardiography, where dense consistent landmarks and complete boundaries are absent, acquiring accurate training surfaces in dense correspondence is difficult. As a solution, this paper presents a framework which performs joint segmentation of multiple 3D+t sequences while simultaneously optimizing an underlying linear basis shape model. In particular, the RV is represented as an explicit continuous surface, and segmentation of all frames is formulated as a single continuous energy minimization problem. Shape information is automatically shared between frames, missing boundaries are implicitly handled, and only coarse surface initializations are necessary. The framework is demonstrated to successfully segment both multiple-view and multiple-subject collections of 3D+t echocardiography sequences, and the results confirm that the linear basis shape model is an effective model constraint. Furthermore, the framework is shown to achieve smaller segmentation errors than a state-of-art commercial semi-automatic RV segmentation package.}, language = {English}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Medical Image Analysis}, author = {Stebbing, Richard V. and Namburete, Ana I. L. and Upton, Ross and Leeson, Paul and Noble, J. Alison}, month = apr, year = {2015}, pmid = {25577559}, keywords = {Linear basis shape model, Segmentation, Subdivision surfaces}, pages = {29--39}, file = {1-s2.0-S1361841514001868-main.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FTVPXC8T/1-s2.0-S1361841514001868-main.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4HWB5EJ9/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{dewire_update_2013, title = {Update on atrial fibrillation catheter ablation technologies and techniques}, volume = {10}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2013 Nature Publishing Group}, issn = {1759-5002}, url = {http://www.nature.com/nrcardio/journal/v10/n10/full/nrcardio.2013.121.html}, doi = {10.1038/nrcardio.2013.121}, abstract = {Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an important treatment method. Electrical isolation of the pulmonary veins is the cornerstone of most AF ablation procedures, and is defined by an entrance block observed on a circular multipolar electrode catheter. The safety and efficacy of AF ablation is best established in middle-aged patients with paroxysmal AF. Current guidelines recommend AF ablation with a level Ia indication in this group of patients. The long-term efficacy of AF ablation is well established in patients with paroxysmal AF, but less so in patients with longstanding persistent AF. In this population, current guidelines recommend AF ablation with a level IIb indication. The efficacy of catheter ablation in other patient populations, particularly elderly people and those with concomitant conditions, is also poorly defined. AF ablation is reasonably effective and safe at 12 months of follow-up, but recurrence of AF >=1 year after ablation is not uncommon. Fortunately, the techniques and tools used for AF ablation continue to evolve. These developments include novel ablation catheters designed to increase safety, efficacy, and precision of the procedure, ablation strategies to target both pulmonary vein and nonpulmonary vein AF triggers, and improved imaging and electrical mapping to guide ablation procedures.}, language = {en}, number = {10}, urldate = {2014-11-20}, journal = {Nature Reviews Cardiology}, author = {Dewire, Jane and Calkins, Hugh}, month = oct, year = {2013}, pages = {599--612}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZAUHK7D5/Dewire and Calkins - 2013 - Update on atrial fibrillation catheter ablation te.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/44S28QMT/Dewire and Calkins - 2013 - Update on atrial fibrillation catheter ablation te.html:text/html} } @article{donner-banzhoff_strategies_2008, title = {Strategies for prescribing statins}, volume = {336}, issn = {1468-5833 (Electronic)}, number = {7639}, journal = {British Medical Journal}, author = {Donner-Banzhoff, N. and Sonnichsen, A.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Prescriptions, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*administration \& dosage, Practice Guidelines as Topic}, pages = {288--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WMJFA3H4/Donner-Banzhoff-2008-Strategies for presc.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kolandaivelu_noninvasive_2010, title = {Noninvasive assessment of tissue heating during cardiac radiofrequency ablation using {MRI} thermography}, volume = {3}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/3/5/521}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.110.942433}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash} Failure to achieve properly localized, permanent tissue destruction is a common cause of arrhythmia recurrence after cardiac ablation. Current methods of assessing lesion size and location during cardiac radiofrequency ablation are unreliable or not suited for repeated assessment during the procedure. MRI thermography could be used to delineate permanent ablation lesions because tissue heating above 50{\textdegree}C is the cause of permanent tissue destruction during radiofrequency ablation. However, image artifacts caused by cardiac motion, the ablation electrode, and radiofrequency ablation currently pose a challenge to MRI thermography in the heart. In the current study, we sought to demonstrate the feasibility of MRI thermography during cardiac ablation. Methods and Results{\textemdash} An MRI-compatible electrophysiology catheter and filtered radiofrequency ablation system was used to perform ablation in the left ventricle of 6 mongrel dogs in a 1.5-T MRI system. Fast gradient-echo imaging was performed before and during radiofrequency ablation, and thermography images were derived from the preheating and postheating images. Lesion extent by thermography was within 20\% of the gross pathology lesion. Conclusions{\textemdash} MR thermography appears to be a promising technique for monitoring lesion formation and may allow for more accurate placement and titration of ablation, possibly reducing arrhythmia recurrences.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-12-26}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Kolandaivelu, Aravindan and Zviman, Menekhem M. and Castro, Valeria and Lardo, Albert C. and Berger, Ronald D. and Halperin, Henry R.}, month = oct, year = {2010}, pmid = {20657028}, keywords = {ablation, electrophysiology, imaging, MRI}, pages = {521--529}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7AAR3WCR/Kolandaivelu et al. - 2010 - Noninvasive Assessment of Tissue Heating During Ca.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D5DJIZ6R/521.html:text/html} } @article{shulevitz_college_2015, title = {In college and hiding from scary ideas}, issn = {0362-4331}, url = {http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/22/opinion/sunday/judith-shulevitz-hiding-from-scary-ideas.html}, abstract = {Universities, rather than being forums for free expression, are encouraging {\textquotedblleft}safe spaces{\textquotedblright} to protect delicate sensibilities.}, urldate = {2015-03-21}, journal = {The New York Times}, author = {Shulevitz, Judith}, month = mar, year = {2015}, keywords = {Brown University, Colleges and Universities, Columbia University, Psychology and Psychologists, Sex Crimes, Social Conditions and Trends, Trigger warnings, Women's Rights}, file = {New York Times Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T8CTJCRS/Shulevitz - 2015 - In College and Hiding From Scary Ideas.html:text/html} } @article{alpert_atrial_1988, title = {Atrial fibrillation: {Natural} history, complications, and management}, volume = {39}, shorttitle = {Atrial {Fibrillation}}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.39.020188.000353}, doi = {10.1146/annurev.me.39.020188.000353}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation is a clinically important arrhythmia that carries important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and rheumatic valvular disease are the commonest causes of atrial fibrillation. The presence of chronic or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation places the patient at increased risk for embolic stroke and/or death. When atrial fibrillation develops, there is loss of the atrial transport factor ({\textquotedblleft}atrial kick{\textquotedblright}), with consequent decrease of cardiac output. Stroke output declines by 20-30\% in normal individuals with loss of atrial kick; the decline in stroke output is considerably larger in patients with heart disease. Atrial fibrillation can be electrically or pharmacologically reverted to sinus rhythm. Even patients with refractory atrial fibrillation can be reverted to sinus rhythm with amiodarone.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2014-12-10}, journal = {Annual Review of Medicine}, author = {Alpert, Joseph S. and Petersen, Palle and Godtfredsen, John}, year = {1988}, pmid = {3285783}, pages = {41--52}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WCW87A2M/Alpert et al. - 1988 - Atrial Fibrillation Natural History, Complication.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{breiman_classification_1984, address = {New York, NY, USA}, edition = {1st}, title = {Classification and {Regression} {Trees}}, isbn = {9780412048418}, abstract = {The methodology used to construct tree structured rules is the focus of this monograph. Unlike many other statistical procedures, which moved from pencil and paper to calculators, this text's use of trees was unthinkable before computers. Both the practical and theoretical sides have been developed in the authors' study of tree methods. Classification and Regression Trees reflects these two sides, covering the use of trees as a data analysis method, and in a more mathematical framework, proving some of their fundamental properties.}, language = {English}, publisher = {Chapman and Hall/CRC}, author = {Breiman, Leo and Friedman, Jerome and Stone, Charles J. and Olshen, R. A.}, month = jan, year = {1984} } @article{truog_recommendations_2008, title = {Recommendations for end-of-life care in the intensive care unit: {A} consensus statement by the {American} {College} [corrected] of {Critical} {Care} {Medicine}}, volume = {36}, issn = {1530-0293 (Electronic) 0090-3493 (Linking)}, number = {3}, journal = {Critical Care Medicine}, author = {Truog, R. D. and Campbell, M. L. and Curtis, J. R. and Haas, C. E. and Luce, J. M. and Rubenfeld, G. D. and Rushton, C. H. and Kaufman, D. C.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Intensive Care Units, Biomedical Research, Family, Humans, Intensive Care/methods/*standards, Life Support Care/ethics/methods, Terminal Care/methods/*standards}, pages = {953--63}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MKHBZG9U/EndOfLifeCritCare.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{haga_adding_2006, title = {Adding pharmacogenetics information to drug labels: {Lessons} learned}, volume = {16}, issn = {1744-6872 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17108808}, number = {12}, journal = {Pharmacogenetics and Genomics}, author = {Haga, S. B. and Thummel, K. E. and Burke, W.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {*Drug Labeling, *Pharmacogenetics, 6-Mercaptopurine/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics, Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics, Camptothecin/adverse effects/analogs \& derivatives/pharmacokinetics, Genetic Variation, Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/metabolism, Humans, Methyltransferases/genetics/metabolism, United States, United States Food and Drug Administration}, pages = {847--54} } @article{curtis_use_2006, title = {Use of combined oral contraceptives among women with migraine and nonmigrainous headaches: {A} systematic review}, volume = {73}, issn = {0010-7824}, shorttitle = {Use of combined oral contraceptives among women with migraine and nonmigrainous headaches}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010782405003185}, doi = {10.1016/j.contraception.2005.08.009}, abstract = {This systematic review examines evidence evaluating whether women with headaches who use combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have a greater risk of stroke than women with headaches who do not use COCs. We searched MEDLINE for articles published from 1966 through March 2005 relevant to headaches and COC use as risk factors for stroke. Of the 79 articles identified, nine met our selection criteria (eight reports of six observational studies plus one meta-analysis). All studies reported specifically on migraine headaches. Evidence from six case-control studies suggested that COC users with a history of migraine were two to four times as likely to have an ischemic stroke as nonusers with a history of migraine. The odds ratios for ischemic stroke ranged from 6 to almost 14 for COC users with migraine compared with nonusers without migraine. The three studies that provided evidence on hemorrhagic stroke reported low or no risk associated with migraine or with COC use.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-10-15}, journal = {Contraception}, author = {Curtis, Kathryn M. and Mohllajee, Anshu P. and Peterson, Herbert B.}, month = feb, year = {2006}, keywords = {Combined oral contraceptives, Headache, Migraine, stroke, systematic review}, pages = {189--194}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9DZDZV4T/Curtis et al. - 2006 - Use of combined oral contraceptives among women wi.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IGCJJX9G/S0010782405003185.html:text/html} } @article{gartlehner_discontinuation_2005, title = {Discontinuation rates for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other second-generation antidepressants in outpatients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis}, volume = {20}, issn = {0268-1315 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=15729080}, number = {2}, journal = {International Clinical Psychopharmacology}, author = {Gartlehner, G. and Hansen, R. A. and Carey, T. S. and Lohr, K. N. and Gaynes, B. N. and Randolph, L. C.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Bupropion/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Cyclohexanols/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder, Major/*drug therapy, Humans, Mianserin/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Outpatients, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Assessment, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Treatment Refusal}, pages = {59--69} } @article{yan_applying_2003, title = {Applying improved fast marching method to endocardial boundary detection in echocardiographic images}, volume = {24}, issn = {0167-8655}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167865503001211}, doi = {10.1016/S0167-8655(03)00121-1}, abstract = {An improved fast marching approach for endocardial boundary detection and tracking in echocardiographic images is presented. Firstly, the traditional fast marching algorithm is applied to the echocardiographic images. And the existing problems are discussed. Then, the algorithm is improved by introducing the average energy of the whole advancing front into the speed term instead of determining the speed term only with the local image features. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm is very effective and stable.}, number = {15}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Pattern Recognition Letters}, author = {Yan, JiaYong and Zhuang, TianGe}, month = nov, year = {2003}, keywords = {Boundary detection, Echocardiographic images, Fast marching}, pages = {2777--2784}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8M5JEQHA/Yan and Zhuang - 2003 - Applying improved fast marching method to endocard.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T6J2AI52/S0167865503001211.html:text/html} } @article{warren_opioids_2008, title = {Opioids for nonmalignant pain}, volume = {34}, issn = {0889-857X}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0889857X0800029X}, number = {2}, journal = {Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America}, author = {Warren, A. Katz}, year = {2008}, pages = {387--413} } @article{sherman_exponential_1982, title = {Exponential increase in age-specific prevalence of ventricular dysrhythmia among males}, volume = {35}, issn = {0021-9681}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7GH4-4C11DT4-6F/2/eaf70a47345e26c83f4cc65c0c49d3f6}, doi = {10.1016/0021-9681(82)90098-4}, abstract = {Analyzing nine available studies of cardiac dysrhythmia among males shows an exponential increase of the prevalence of dysrhythmia with increased age (16-74 yr). This pattern appears in unselected populations and in populations selected for prior history of myocardial infarction. In 6 of 9 population groups the exponent for the rate of increased prevalence of any ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) with age was statistically indistinguishable from study to study despite variations in length of monitoring, of local interpretations of ECG, or of differences in the composition of these groups. Within each population group the prevalence of "frequent" VPCs or of "complex" VPCs also increased exponentially with age. The precise mathematical expression for the increase suggests an etiologic explanation for cardiac dysrhythmia common to coronary artery disease and myocardial infarctions which exhibit similar behavior.}, number = {9}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Journal of Chronic Diseases}, author = {Sherman, Herbert and Sandberg, Sonja and Fineberg, Harvey V.}, year = {1982}, pages = {743--750}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WTCKES94/Sherman et al. - 1982 - Exponential increase in age-specific prevalence of.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9MNQKRTC/science.html:text/html} } @article{willems_catheter_2000, title = {Catheter ablation of atrial flutter guided by electroanatomic mapping ({CARTO}): {A} randomized comparison to the conventional approach}, volume = {11}, issn = {1045-3873}, shorttitle = {Catheter {Ablation} of {Atrial} {Flutter} {Guided} by {Electroanatomic} {Mapping} ({CARTO})}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2000.01223.x/abstract}, doi = {10.1046/j.1540-8167.2000.01223.x}, number = {11}, urldate = {2010-10-25}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Willems, Stephan and Weiss, Christian and Ventura, Rodolfo and Ruppel, Rudolf and Risius, Tim and Hoffmann, Matthias and Meinertz, Thomas}, month = nov, year = {2000}, pages = {1223--1230}, file = {Catheter Ablation of Atrial Flutter Guided by Electroanatomic Mapping (CARTO)\: A Randomized Comparison to the Conventional Approach - WILLEMS - 2008 - Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology - Wiley Online Library:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2TSRU499/abstract.html:text/html} } @article{campbell_atrial_1977, title = {Atrial fibrillation in the preexcitation syndrome}, volume = {40}, issn = {0002-9149}, abstract = {One hundred patients with proved accessory pathways of the Kent bundle type were studied with multiple intracardiac catheters. During the procedure 16 had atrial fibrillation. Two patterns of induction of atrial fibrillation were noted. In most patients an earlier than expected atrial deflection appeared in one of the atrial recordings and was followed by atrial flutter (cycle length less than 220 msec) or atrial fibrillation either immediately or after a brief period of acceleration of atrial rate. In a few patients, intraatrial conduction delay, manifested as 2:1 block or Wenckebach block from the right to the left atrium or vice versa, occurred before the onset of atrial fibrillation. The incidence of atrial fibrillation was not statistically related to any associated cardiac abnormalities. A significantly large incidence of ventricular fibrillation was recorded in patients who had documented atrial fibrillation either before admission or during the catheter study.}, language = {eng}, number = {4}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Campbell, R. W. and Smith, R. A. and Gallagher, J. J. and Pritchett, E. L. and Wallace, A. G.}, month = oct, year = {1977}, pmid = {910715}, keywords = {Adult, Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiac Catheterization, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart Conduction System, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ventricular Fibrillation, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome}, pages = {514--520} } @article{umeyama_least-squares_1991, title = {Least-squares estimation of transformation parameters between two point patterns}, volume = {13}, issn = {0162-8828}, doi = {10.1109/34.88573}, abstract = {In many applications of computer vision, the following problem is encountered. Two point patterns (sets of points) xi and xi; i=1, 2, . . ., n are given in m-dimensional space, and the similarity transformation parameters (rotation, translation, and scaling) that give the least mean squared error between these point patterns are needed. Recently, K.S. Arun et al. (1987) and B.K.P. Horn et al. (1987) presented a solution of this problem. Their solution, however, sometimes fails to give a correct rotation matrix and gives a reflection instead when the data is severely corrupted. The proposed theorem is a strict solution of the problem, and it always gives the correct transformation parameters even when the data is corrupted}, number = {4}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence}, author = {Umeyama, S.}, year = {1991}, keywords = {Application software, Calibration, Cameras, Computer graphics, computer vision, computer vision,, error analysis, Image processing, least mean squared error, least squares approximations, parameter estimation, Pattern Recognition, Robotics and automation, Robot vision systems, transformation parameters, two point patterns}, pages = {376--380}, file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MDFSJZQT/Umeyama - 1991 - Least-squares estimation of transformation paramet.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4QS7JDTH/Umeyama - 1991 - Least-squares estimation of transformation paramet.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hebert_cholesterol_1997, title = {Cholesterol lowering with statin drugs, risk of stroke, and total mortality. {An} overview of randomized trials}, volume = {278}, issn = {0098-7484 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=9228438}, number = {4}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Hebert, P. R. and Gaziano, J. M. and Chan, K. S. and Hennekens, C. H.}, year = {1997}, keywords = {*Mortality, Anticholesteremic Agents/*therapeutic use, Arteriosclerosis/*prevention \& control, Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology, Cerebrovascular Disorders/*epidemiology, Enzyme Inhibitors, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases, Hypercholesterolemia/*drug therapy, Neoplasms/epidemiology, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk}, pages = {313--21} } @article{johnson_medication_2010, title = {Medication treatment of different types of alcoholism}, volume = {167}, issn = {1535-7228 (Electronic) 0002-953X (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry}, author = {Johnson, B. A.}, year = {2010}, pages = {630--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GCCZSMCW/DiffTypes.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{steinberg_periprocedural_2014, title = {Periprocedural imaging and outcomes after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation}, volume = {100}, issn = {, 1468-201X}, url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/100/23/1871}, doi = {10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306067}, abstract = {Objective Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an increasingly safe and effective therapy. This has been partly attributed to the use of adjunctive imaging modalities. We aimed to describe the use and associated outcomes of periprocedural imaging for AF ablation. Methods We studied all Medicare fee-for-service claims for AF ablation from July 2007 to December 2009, and identified associated imaging studies before and during ablation, including transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE), intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), CT and MRI. The primary outcomes were death, stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), repeat ablation, and bleeding (pericardial or vascular) at 6 months. Results 11 525 patients underwent AF ablation during the study period. There was significant variation in imaging use at the practice level. In addition to electroanatomic mapping, 53\% (n=6060/11 525) underwent TEE, 67\% (n=7715/11 525) received ICE, and 50\% (n=5724/11 525) underwent a preprocedure CT or MRI. Imaging generally increased from 2007 to 2009. After adjustment, the use of preablation CT or MRI was associated with a significantly lower risk of stroke or TIA (0.4\% vs 0.9\%, adjusted HR 0.46, 95\% CI 0.28 to 0.74, p=0.002), and the use of ICE was associated with a lower risk of repeat ablation (5.7\% vs 8.5\%, adjusted HR 0.59, 95\% CI 0.37 to 0.92, p=0.02) but higher risk of bleeding (1.1\% vs 0.7\%, adjusted HR 1.76, 95\% CI 1.15 to 2.70, p=0.009). Conclusions Periprocedural imaging for AF ablation is increasingly used, although practice patterns vary widely. Our data suggest that periprocedural imaging is associated with better outcomes after catheter ablation; however, prospective studies of periprocedural imaging strategies are warranted.}, language = {en}, number = {23}, urldate = {2014-11-20}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Steinberg, Benjamin A. and Hammill, Bradley G. and Daubert, James P. and Bahnson, Tristram D. and Douglas, Pamela S. and Qualls, Laura G. and Pokorney, Sean D. and Calkins, Hugh and Curtis, Lesley H. and Piccini, Jonathan P.}, month = dec, year = {2014}, pmid = {25082794}, keywords = {QUALITY OF CARE AND OUTCOMES}, pages = {1871--1877}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8BQ3IGNV/1871.html:text/html} } @article{ridker_c-reactive_2000, title = {C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women}, volume = {342}, issn = {0028-4793 (Print)}, number = {12}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Ridker, P. M. and Hennekens, C. H. and Buring, J. E. and Rifai, N.}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Analysis of Variance, Apolipoproteins/analysis, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology, Case-Control Studies, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Female, Homocysteine/blood, Humans, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/blood, Interleukin-6/blood, Lipids/blood, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Protein Precursors/blood, Risk, Serum Amyloid A Protein/analysis}, pages = {836--43}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NZ6U6SDR/Ridker-2000-C-reactive protein a.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{perez-david_noninvasive_2011, title = {Noninvasive identification of ventricular tachycardia-related conducting channels using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with chronic myocardial infarction: {Comparison} of signal intensity scar mapping and endocardial voltage mapping}, volume = {57}, issn = {1558-3597}, shorttitle = {Noninvasive identification of ventricular tachycardia-related conducting channels using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with chronic myocardial infarction}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2010.07.043}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES We performed noninvasive identification of post-infarction sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT)-related slow conduction channels (CC) by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (ceMRI). BACKGROUND Conduction channels identified by voltage mapping are the critical isthmuses of most SMVT. We hypothesized that CC are formed by heterogeneous tissue (HT) within the scar that can be detected by ceMRI. METHODS We studied 18 consecutive VT patients (SMVT group) and 18 patients matched for age, sex, infarct location, and left ventricular ejection fraction (control group). We used ceMRI to quantify the infarct size and differentiate it into scar core and HT based on signal-intensity (SI) thresholds ({\textgreater}3 SD and 2 to 3 SD greater than remote normal myocardium, respectively). Consecutive left ventricle slices were analyzed to determine the presence of continuous corridors of HT (channels) in the scar. In the SMVT group, color-coded shells displaying ceMRI subendocardial SI were generated (3-dimensional SI mapping) and compared with endocardial voltage maps. RESULTS No differences were observed between the 2 groups in myocardial, necrotic, or heterogeneous mass. The HT channels were more frequently observed in the SMVT group (88\%) than in the control group (33\%, p {\textless} 0.001). In the SMVT group, voltage mapping identified 26 CC in 17 of 18 patients. All CC corresponded, in location and orientation, to a similar channel detected by 3-dimensional SI mapping; 15 CC were related to 15 VT critical isthmuses. CONCLUSIONS SMVT substrate can be identified by ceMRI scar heterogeneity analysis. This information could help identify patients at risk of VT and facilitate VT ablation.}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Perez-David, Esther and Arenal, Angel and Rubio-Guivernau, Jos{\'e} L. and del Castillo, Roberto and Atea, Leonardo and Arbelo, Elena and Caballero, Eduardo and Celorrio, Ver{\'o}nica and Datino, Tomas and Gonzalez-Torrecilla, Esteban and Atienza, Felipe and Ledesma-Carbayo, Maria J and Bermejo, Javier and Medina, Alfonso and Fern{\'a}ndez-Avil{\'e}s, Francisco}, month = jan, year = {2011}, pmid = {21211689}, keywords = {Aged, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Chronic Disease, Endocardium, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Conduction System, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Reproducibility of Results, Tachycardia, Ventricular}, pages = {184--194} } @article{noble_ultrasound_2006, title = {Ultrasound image segmentation: {A} survey}, volume = {25}, issn = {0278-0062}, number = {8}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Noble, J. A. and Boukerroui, D.}, year = {2006}, keywords = {biomedical ultrasonics, image classification, image segmentation, medical B-mode ultrasound images, medical image processing, review, reviews, segmentation, ultrasound, ultrasound image segmentation}, pages = {987--1010}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8HU26BBR/Noble USSegmentationSurvey.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nademanee_new_2004, title = {A new approach for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: {Mapping} of the electrophysiologic substrate}, volume = {43}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {A new approach for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2003.12.054}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2003.12.054}, abstract = {Objectives~ We sought to test the hypothesis that complex fractionated electrograms (CFAEs) recorded during atrial fibrillation (AF) could be used as target sites for catheter ablation of AF.Background~ Mapping of AF in humans has shown that areas of CFAEs correlate with areas of slowed conduction and pivot points of reentrant wavelets. We hypothesized that such areas of CFAEs could be identified in patients with AF and might serve as target sites for catheter ablation to maintain sinus rhythm.Methods~ The study population included 121 patients (29 females; mean age, 63 years) with refractory AF (57 paroxysmal, 64 chronic). All patients underwent nonfluoroscopic electroanatomic mapping (CARTO) during AF. Using CARTO, the biatrial replica, displayed in a three-dimensional color-coded voltage map, was created during AF, and areas associated with CFAEs were identified. Radiofrequency ablation of the area with CFAEs was performed, aiming to eliminate CFAE and/or convert to sinus rhythm.Results~ Complex fractionated atrial electrograms were found in seven of nine regions of both atria, but were mainly confined to the interatrial septum, pulmonary veins, roof of left atrium, and left posteroseptal mitral annulus and coronary sinus ostium. Ablations of the areas associated with CFAEs resulted in termination of AF without external cardioversion in 115 of the 121 patients (95\%); 32 (28\%) required concomitant ibutilide treatment. At the one-year follow-up, 110 (91\%) patients were free of arrhythmia and symptoms, 92 after one ablation and 18 after two.Conclusions~ Areas with CFAEs represent a defined electrophysiologic substrate and are ideal target sites for ablations to eliminate AF and maintain normal sinus rhythm.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2013-05-06}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Nademanee, Koonlawee and McKenzie, John and Kosar, Erol and Schwab, Mark and Sunsaneewitayakul, Buncha and Vasavakul, Thaveekiat and Khunnawat, Chotikorn and Ngarmukos, Tachapong}, month = jun, year = {2004}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, cardiac ablation, heart atrium, tachycardia}, pages = {2044--2053}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QPUS8TSE/Nademanee et al. - 2004 - A new approach for catheter ablation of atrial fib.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{hippocrates_nature_1931, address = {Boston, MA}, series = {Loeb {Classical} {Library}}, title = {Nature of {Man}. {Regimen} in {Health}. {Humours}. {Aphorisms}. {Regimen} 1-3. {Dreams}. {Heracleitus}: {On} the {Universe}}, url = {http://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL150/1931/volume.xml}, abstract = {Hippocrates, said to have been born in Cos in or before 460 BCE, learned medicine and philosophy; travelled widely as a medical doctor and teacher; was consulted by King Perdiccas of Macedon and Artaxerxes of Persia; and died perhaps at Larissa. Apparently he rejected superstition in favour of inductive reasoning and the study of real medicine as subject to natural laws, in general and in individual people as patients for treatment by medicines and surgery. Of the roughly 70 works in the 'Hippocratic Collection' many are not by Hippocrates; even the famous oath may not be his. But he was undeniably the 'Father of Medicine'.}, language = {Greek}, number = {150}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, author = {{Hippocrates} and {Heracleitus}}, translator = {Jones, W. H. S.}, year = {1931}, keywords = {0-674-99162-1, 978-0-674-99162-0, 674991621, 9780674991620, academic, academic publishing, Ancient Medicine. Airs, book, books, Classics \& Ancient World, Epidemics I, Epidemics III, Harvard, Harvard Press, Harvard University Press, Hippocrates, Hippocrates Volume I, Hippocratic Collection, HISTORY: Ancient: Greece, HUP, LITERARY CRITICISM: Ancient \& Classical, Loeb Classical Library, Loeb Classical Library 147, MEDICAL: History, Medicine \& Health, Places. Epidemics 1 and 3. The Oath. Precepts. Nutriment, Press, publishing, scholarly, SCIENCE: History, Science: History \& Philosophy, University, UP, Waters, W. H. S. Jones} } @article{haissaguerre_right_1996, title = {Right and left atrial radiofrequency catheter therapy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation}, volume = {7}, issn = {1045-3873}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia, is due to multiple simultaneous wavelets of reentry in the atria. The only available curative treatment is surgical, using atriotomies to compartmentalize the atria. Therefore, we investigated a staged anatomical approach using radiofrequency catheter ablation lines to prevent paroxysmal AF. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-five patients with frequent symptomatic drug-refractory episodes of paroxysmal AF were studied. Progressively complex linear lesions were created by sequential applications of radiofrequency current in the right atrium and then in the left atrium if required. The outcome of the procedure was considered a success when the episodes of AF were either eliminated or recurred at a rate of no more than one episode (lasting {\textless} 6 hours) in 3 months. Patients who had no more than one episode per month were considered "improved." Right atrial ablation organized local electrical activity and led to stable sinus rhythm during the procedure in 18 (40\%) of the 45 patients. However, sustained AF remained inducible in 40 of 45 patients, and the lesions failed to produce evidence of a significant linear conduction block/delay in all but four patients. There were no significant complications except for two transient sinus node dysfunctions. The procedure duration and fluoroscopic time were 248 +/- 79 and 53 +/- 22 min, respectively. Additional sessions were required in 19 patients to treat sustained right atrial flutter or arrhythmias linked to ectopic right or left atrial foci. During a mean follow-up of 11 +/- 4 months, right atrial ablation was successful in 15 (33\%) patients, 6 without medication and 9 with a previously ineffective drug. Nine (20\%) additional patients were improved. Ten patients with an unsuccessful outcome then underwent linear ablation in the left atrium. The procedure duration and fluoroscopy time were 292 +/- 94 and 66 +/- 24 min. A hemopericardium occurred in one patient. Two patients required reablation to treat ectopic atrial foci. Left atrial ablation terminated AF during the procedure in 8 patients, and sustained AF could not be induced in 5. Subsequent success was achieved in 6 (60\%) patients, including 4 without medication, and 1 additional patient was improved. CONCLUSIONS: Successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of drug-refractory daily paroxysmal AF is feasible using linear atrial lesions complemented by focal ablation targeted at arrhythmogenic foci. Ablation only in the right atrium is a safe technique providing limited success, whereas linear lesions in the left atrium significantly increase the incidence of stable restoration of sinus rhythm, the inability to induce sustained AF, and the final success rate. The described technique is promising but must be considered preliminary because significant improvements are required to optimize lesion characteristics and shorten total procedure duration.}, language = {eng}, number = {12}, journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology}, author = {Ha{\"i}ssaguerre, M. and Ja{\"i}s, P. and Shah, D. C. and Gencel, L. and Pradeau, V. and Garrigues, S. and Chouairi, S. and Hocini, M. and Le M{\'e}tayer, P. and Roudaut, R. and Cl{\'e}menty, J.}, month = dec, year = {1996}, pmid = {8985802}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, Electrocardiography, Female, Fluoroscopy, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Tachycardia, Paroxysmal, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1132--1144}, file = {j.1540-8167.1996.tb00492.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/P8K6W2WK/j.1540-8167.1996.tb00492.x.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{de_graaf_clinical_2010, title = {Clinical application of {CT} coronary angiography: {State} of the art}, volume = {19}, issn = {1443-9506}, shorttitle = {Clinical {Application} of {CT} {Coronary} {Angiography}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S144395060901107X}, doi = {16/j.hlc.2009.11.004}, abstract = {{\textless}p{\textgreater}{\textless}br/{\textgreater}In recent years, multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) technology has developed rapidly, allowing high-resolution non-invasive imaging of the coronary arteries and surrounding structures. Since the introduction of MSCT, acquisition time, detector number, spatial and temporal resolution have continuously improved with each new scanner generation, resulting in excellent image quality and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). At the same time, developments in MSCT technology have focused on reduction of the radiation dose. In particular, the availability of dose modulation and prospective ECG gating have drastically reduced patient radiation dose. Moreover, with the introduction of 320-slice MSCT, volumetric scanning of the entire heart has become possible in a single heart beat or gantry rotation, thereby eliminating oversampling and stair-step artifact. The present article provides an overview of state of the art clinical applications of cardiac MSCT, including the diagnosis of CAD, evaluation of plaque morphology and composition, prognostification, and the evaluation of left ventricular function and aortic and mitral valve anatomy.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}}, number = {3}, urldate = {2011-06-13}, journal = {Heart, Lung and Circulation}, author = {de Graaf, F. R. and Schuijf, J. D. and Delgado, V. and van Velzen, J. E. and Kroft, L. J. and de Roos, A. and Jukema, J. W. and van der Wall, E. E. and Bax, J. J.}, month = mar, year = {2010}, keywords = {coronary artery disease, imaging, Multislice computed tomography}, pages = {107--116}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HITZBITU/de Graaf et al. - 2010 - Clinical Application of CT Coronary Angiography S.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VKJGASQ6/S144395060901107X.html:text/html} } @article{langley_riesz_2010, title = {The {Riesz} transform and simultaneous representations of phase, energy and orientation in spatial vision}, volume = {50}, issn = {0042-6989}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698910002750}, doi = {10.1016/j.visres.2010.05.031}, abstract = {To represent the local orientation and energy of a 1-D image signal, many models of early visual processing employ bandpass quadrature filters, formed by combining the original signal with its Hilbert transform. However, representations capable of estimating an image signal{\textquoteright}s 2-D phase have been largely ignored. Here, we consider 2-D phase representations using a method based upon the Riesz transform. For spatial images there exist two Riesz transformed signals and one original signal from which orientation, phase and energy may be represented as a vector in 3-D signal space. We show that these image properties may be represented by a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of the higher-order derivatives of the original and the Riesz transformed signals. We further show that the expected responses of even and odd symmetric filters from the Riesz transform may be represented by a single signal autocorrelation function, which is beneficial in simplifying Bayesian computations for spatial orientation. Importantly, the Riesz transform allows one to weight linearly across orientation using both symmetric and asymmetric filters to account for some perceptual phase distortions observed in image signals {\textendash} notably one{\textquoteright}s perception of edge structure within plaid patterns whose component gratings are either equal or unequal in contrast. Finally, exploiting the benefits that arise from the Riesz definition of local energy as a scalar quantity, we demonstrate the utility of Riesz signal representations in estimating the spatial orientation of second-order image signals. We conclude that the Riesz transform may be employed as a general tool for 2-D visual pattern recognition by its virtue of representing phase, orientation and energy as orthogonal signal quantities.}, number = {17}, urldate = {2013-04-25}, journal = {Vision Research}, author = {Langley, Keith and Anderson, Stephen J.}, month = aug, year = {2010}, keywords = {Energy, Hierarchical Bayes, Hilbert Transform, Phase, Riesz transform, Second-order, Steering, Under-steered}, pages = {1748--1765}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SNSR2XPF/Langley and Anderson - 2010 - The Riesz transform and simultaneous representatio.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XJV2QUX7/S0042698910002750.html:text/html} } @misc{blausen_medical_coronary_2013, title = {Coronary circulation}, shorttitle = {English}, url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0260_CoronaryVessels_Anterior.png}, urldate = {2015-01-02}, author = {{Blausen Medical}}, year = {2013}, biboverride = {Blausen Medical, \newblock ``{C}oronary circulation'' [images]. \newblock Accessed 3 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/! \verb!File:Blausen_0260_CoronaryVessels_Anterior.png! and \textit{ibid}\verb!/File:Blausen_0261_CoronaryVessels_Posterior.png!, under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.} } @article{roujol_characterization_2013, title = {Characterization of respiratory and cardiac motion from electro-anatomical mapping data for improved fusion of {MRI} to left ventricular electrograms}, volume = {8}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078852}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0078852}, abstract = {Accurate fusion of late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electro-anatomical voltage mapping (EAM) is required to evaluate the potential of MRI to identify the substrate of ventricular tachycardia. However, both datasets are not acquired at the same cardiac phase and EAM data is corrupted with respiratory motion limiting the accuracy of current rigid fusion techniques. Knowledge of cardiac and respiratory motion during EAM is thus required to enhance the fusion process. In this study, we propose a novel approach to characterize both cardiac and respiratory motion from EAM data using the temporal evolution of the 3D catheter location recorded from clinical EAM systems. Cardiac and respiratory motion components are extracted from the recorded catheter location using multi-band filters. Filters are calibrated for each EAM point using estimates of heart rate and respiratory rate. The method was first evaluated in numerical simulations using 3D models of cardiac and respiratory motions of the heart generated from real time MRI data acquired in 5 healthy subjects. An accuracy of 0.6{\textendash}0.7 mm was found for both cardiac and respiratory motion estimates in numerical simulations. Cardiac and respiratory motions were then characterized in 27 patients who underwent LV mapping for treatment of ventricular tachycardia. Mean maximum amplitude of cardiac and respiratory motion was 10.2{\textpm}2.7 mm (min?=?5.5, max?=?16.9) and 8.8{\textpm}2.3 mm (min?=?4.3, max?=?14.8), respectively. 3D Cardiac and respiratory motions could be estimated from the recorded catheter location and the method does not rely on additional imaging modality such as X-ray fluoroscopy and can be used in conventional electrophysiology laboratory setting.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2015-01-09}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, author = {Roujol, S{\'e}bastien and Anter, Elad and Josephson, Mark E. and Nezafat, Reza}, month = nov, year = {2013}, pages = {e78852}, file = {PLoS Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WAPK8CBQ/Roujol et al. - 2013 - Characterization of Respiratory and Cardiac Motion.pdf:application/pdf;PLoS Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q938GFST/infodoi10.1371journal.pone.html:text/html} } @book{hall_guyton_2010, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, edition = {12th}, title = {Guyton and {Hall} {Textbook} of {Medical} {Physiology}}, isbn = {9781416045748}, abstract = {The twelfth edition of Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology continues this best-selling title's long tradition as one of the world's favorite physiology textbooks. The immense success of this book is due to its description of complex physiologic principles in language that is easy to read and understand. Now with an improved color art program, thorough updates reflecting today's medicine and science, and accessible online at Student Consult, this textbook is an excellent source for mastering essential human physiology knowledge. Learn and remember vital concepts easily thanks to short, easy-to-read, masterfully edited chapters and a user-friendly full-color design. See core concepts applied to real-life situations with clinical vignettes throughout the text. Discover the newest in physiology with updates that reflect the latest advances in molecular biology, cardiovascular, neurophysiology, and gastrointestinal topics. Visualize physiologic principles clearly with over 1000 bold, full-color drawings and diagrams. Distinguish core concepts from more in-depth material with a layout that uses gray shading to clearly differentiate between "need-to-know" and "nice-to-know" information. Access the complete contents online at Student Consult along with bonus resources such as image banks, self-assessment questions, physiology animations, and more! This new edition continues the long tradition of "Guyton" as one of the world's favorite physiology textbooks.}, language = {English}, publisher = {Saunders}, author = {Hall, John E.}, month = jun, year = {2010} } @article{hajjar_trends_2003, title = {Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the {United} {States}, 1988-2000}, volume = {290}, issn = {1538-3598 (Electronic)}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association}, author = {Hajjar, I. and Kotchen, T. A.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {*Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Adult, Aged, Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use, Awareness, Female, Humans, Hypertension/drug therapy/*epidemiology/*prevention \& control, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Prevalence, United States/epidemiology}, pages = {199--206}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7RT23ZBW/Hajjar-2003-Trends in prevalence.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{acog_committee_on_practice_bulletins-gynecology_acog_2006, title = {{ACOG} practice bulletin. {No}. 73: {Use} of hormonal contraception in women with coexisting medical conditions}, volume = {107}, issn = {0029-7844}, shorttitle = {{ACOG} practice bulletin. {No}. 73}, language = {eng}, number = {6}, journal = {Obstetrics and Gynecology}, author = {{ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Gynecology}}, month = jun, year = {2006}, pmid = {16738183}, keywords = {Adult, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Anticonvulsants, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Blood Coagulation Disorders, Chronic Disease, Comorbidity, Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Health Status, HIV Infections, Humans, Hypertension, Migraine Disorders, Risk Factors, Smoking, thromboembolism, Uterine Neoplasms}, pages = {1453--1472}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D5MIFMSC/document.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{grundy_hmg-coa_1988, title = {{HMG}-{CoA} reductase inhibitors for treatment of hypercholesterolemia}, volume = {319}, issn = {0028-4793 (Print)}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=3288867}, number = {1}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Grundy, S. M.}, year = {1988}, keywords = {*Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Anticholesteremic Agents/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia/*drug therapy}, pages = {24--33} } @article{gatehouse_applications_2005, title = {Applications of phase-contrast flow and velocity imaging in cardiovascular {MRI}}, volume = {15}, issn = {0938-7994}, number = {10}, journal = {European Radiology}, author = {Gatehouse, P. D.}, year = {2005}, pages = {2172}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RTZGBC27/Gatehouse Phase-contrastFlow.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{patkar_treatments_2010, title = {Treatments for alcohol dependence: {Rethinking} the role of comorbidity and clinical subtypes}, volume = {167}, issn = {1535-7228 (Electronic) 0002-953X (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry}, author = {Patkar, A. A. and Li, T. K.}, year = {2010}, pages = {620--2}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KCZXG4N6/Editorial.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{snow_management_2003, title = {Management of newly detected atrial fibrillation: {A} clinical practice guideline from the {American} {Academy} of {Family} {Physicians} and the {American} {College} of {Physicians}}, volume = {139}, issn = {0003-4819}, shorttitle = {Management of {Newly} {Detected} {Atrial} {Fibrillation}}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-12-200312160-00011}, doi = {10.7326/0003-4819-139-12-200312160-00011}, abstract = {The Joint Panel of the American Academy of Family Physicians and the American College of Physicians, in collaboration with the Johns Hopkins Evidence-based Practice Center, systematically reviewed the available evidence on the management of newly detected atrial fibrillation and developed recommendations for adult patients with first-detected atrial fibrillation. The recommendations do not apply to patients with postoperative or postmyocardial infarction atrial fibrillation, patients with class IV heart failure, patients already taking antiarrhythmic drugs, or patients with valvular disease. The target physician audience is internists and family physicians dedicated to primary care. The recommendations are as follows:Recommendation 1: Rate control with chronic anticoagulation is the recommended strategy for the majority of patients with atrial fibrillation. Rhythm control has not been shown to be superior to rate control (with chronic anticoagulation) in reducing morbidity and mortality and may be inferior in some patient subgroups to rate control. Rhythm control is appropriate when based on other special considerations, such as patient symptoms, exercise tolerance, and patient preference. Grade: 2ARecommendation 2: Patients with atrial fibrillation should receive chronic anticoagulation with adjusted-dose warfarin, unless they are at low risk of stroke or have a specific contraindication to the use of warfarin (thrombocytopenia, recent trauma or surgery, alcoholism). Grade: 1ARecommendation 3: For patients with atrial fibrillation, the following drugs are recommended for their demonstrated efficacy in rate control during exercise and while at rest: atenolol, metoprolol, diltiazem, and verapamil (drugs listed alphabetically by class). Digoxin is only effective for rate control at rest and therefore should only be used as a second-line agent for rate control in atrial fibrillation. Grade: 1BRecommendation 4: For those patients who elect to undergo acute cardioversion to achieve sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation, both direct-current cardioversion (Grade: 1C+) and pharmacological conversion (Grade: 2A) are appropriate options.Recommendation 5: Both transesophageal echocardiography with short-term prior anticoagulation followed by early acute cardioversion (in the absence of intracardiac thrombus) with postcardioversion anticoagulation versus delayed cardioversion with pre- and postanticoagulation are appropriate management strategies for those patients who elect to undergo cardioversion. Grade: 2ARecommendation 6: Most patients converted to sinus rhythm from atrial fibrillation should not be placed on rhythm maintenance therapy since the risks outweigh the benefits. In a selected group of patients whose quality of life is compromised by atrial fibrillation, the recommended pharmacologic agents for rhythm maintenance are amiodarone, disopyramide, propafenone, and sotalol (drugs listed in alphabetical order). The choice of agent predominantly depends on specific risk of side effects based on patient characteristics. Grade: 2A}, number = {12}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine}, author = {Snow, Vincenza and Weiss, Kevin B. and LeFevre, Michael and McNamara, Robert and Bass, Eric and Green, Lee A. and Michl, Keith and Owens, Douglas K. and Susman, Jeffrey and Allen, Deborah I. and Mottur-Pilson, Christel}, month = dec, year = {2003}, pages = {1009--1017}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RCJE7CT9/Snow et al. - 2003 - Management of Newly Detected Atrial Fibrillation .pdf:application/pdf} } @inproceedings{ou_dramms_2009, address = {Williamsburg, VA, USA}, title = {{DRAMMS}: {Deformable} registration via attribute matching and mutual-saliency weighting}, volume = {21}, shorttitle = {{DRAMMS}}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19694252}, abstract = {A general-purpose deformable registration algorithm referred to as "DRAMMS" is presented in this paper. DRAMMS adds to the literature of registration methods that bridge between the traditional voxel-wise methods and landmark/feature-based methods. In particular, DRAMMS extracts Gabor attributes at each voxel and selects the optimal components, so that they form a highly distinctive morphological signature reflecting the anatomical context around each voxel in a multi-scale and multi-resolution fashion. Compared with intensity or mutual-information based methods, the high-dimensional optimal Gabor attributes render different anatomical regions relatively distinctively identifiable and therefore help establish more accurate and reliable correspondence. Moreover, the optimal Gabor attribute vector is constructed in a way that generalizes well, i.e., it can be applied to different registration tasks, regardless of the image contents under registration. A second characteristic of DRAMMS is that it is based on a cost function that weights different voxel pairs according to a metric referred to as "mutual-saliency", which reflects the uniqueness (reliability) of anatomical correspondences implied by the tentative transformation. As a result, image voxels do not contribute equally to the optimization process, as in most voxel-wise methods, or in a binary selection fashion, as in most landmark/feature-based methods. Instead, they contribute according to a continuously-valued mutual-saliency map, which is dynamically updated during the algorithm's evolution. The general applicability and accuracy of DRAMMS are demonstrated by experiments in simulated images, inter-subject images, single-/multi-modality images, and longitudinal images, from human and mouse brains, breast, heart, and prostate.}, urldate = {2010-10-27}, booktitle = {21st {Information} {Processing} in {Medical} {Imaging}}, author = {Ou, Yangming and Davatzikos, Christos}, year = {2009}, pmid = {19694252}, keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Artificial Intelligence, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Mice, Pattern Recognition, Automated, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Subtraction Technique}, pages = {50--62}, file = {DRAMMS_MedIA201x_InPress.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HGCC2NMP/DRAMMS_MedIA201x_InPress.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{de_luna_clinical_2011, address = {Chichester, West Sussex, UK and Hoboken, NJ, USA}, edition = {1st}, title = {Clinical {Arrhythmology}}, isbn = {9780470656365}, abstract = {The study and management of abnormal heart rhythms is the core of Electrophysiology, but the successful identification and management of arrhythmias is important to a much wider range of physicians, from trainees in cardiology to general clinical cardiologists to practitioners in other areas of specialization, for example internists.~This book is a thorough overview of clinical arrhythmology designed to help general clinical cardiologists and trainees in the fields of clinical cardiology and electrophysiology achieve the competency they need for clinical practice or for further specialization in the topics covered within the book.}, language = {English}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, author = {de Luna, Antoni Bay{\'e}s}, month = may, year = {2011} } @article{frangi_three-dimensional_2002, title = {Three-dimensional cardiovascular image analysis}, volume = {21}, issn = {0278-0062 (Print)}, number = {9}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Frangi, A. and Rueckert, D. and Duncan, J. S.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases/ diagnosis, Contrast Media, Diagnostic Imaging, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional}, pages = {1005--10}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FS9DI4DP/Frangi 3DCVAnalysis.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{mcgann_dark_2011, title = {Dark regions of no-reflow on late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging result in scar formation after atrial fibrillation ablation}, volume = {58}, issn = {1558-3597}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2011.04.008}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess acute ablation injuries seen on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) immediately post-ablation (IPA) and the association with permanent scar 3 months post-ablation (3moPA). BACKGROUND: Success rates for atrial fibrillation catheter ablation vary significantly, in part because of limited information about the location, extent, and permanence of ablation injury at the time of procedure. Although the amount of scar on LGE MRI months after ablation correlates with procedure outcomes, early imaging predictors of scar remain elusive. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients presenting for atrial fibrillation ablation underwent high-resolution MRI with a 3-dimensional LGE sequence before ablation, IPA, and 3moPA using a 3-T scanner. The acute left atrial wall injuries on IPA scans were categorized as hyperenhancing (HE) or nonenhancing (NE) and compared with scar 3moPA. RESULTS: Heterogeneous injuries with HE and NE regions were identified in all patients. Dark NE regions in the left atrial wall on LGE MRI demonstrate findings similar to the "no-reflow" phenomenon. Although the left atrial wall showed similar amounts of HE, NE, and normal tissue IPA (37.7 {\textpm} 13\%, 34.3 {\textpm} 14\%, and 28.0 {\textpm} 11\%, respectively; p = NS), registration of IPA injuries with 3moPA scarring demonstrated that 59.0 {\textpm} 19\% of scar resulted from NE tissue, 30.6 {\textpm} 15\% from HE tissue, and 10.4 {\textpm} 5\% from tissue identified as normal. Paired t-test comparisons were all statistically significant among NE, HE, and normal tissue types (p {\textless} 0.001). Arrhythmia recurrence at 1-year follow-up correlated with the degree of wall enhancement 3moPA (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Radiofrequency ablation results in heterogeneous injury on LGE MRI with both HE and NE wall lesions. The NE lesions demonstrate no-reflow characteristics and reveal a better predictor of final scar at 3 months. Scar correlates with procedure outcomes, further highlighting the importance of early scar prediction.}, language = {eng}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {McGann, Christopher and Kholmovski, Eugene and Blauer, Joshua and Vijayakumar, Sathya and Haslam, Thomas and Cates, Joshua and DiBella, Edward and Burgon, Nathan and Wilson, Brent and Alexander, Alton and Prastawa, Marcel and Daccarett, Marcos and Vergara, Gaston and Akoum, Nazem and Parker, Dennis and MacLeod, Rob and Marrouche, Nassir}, month = jul, year = {2011}, pmid = {21718914}, pmcid = {PMC3746015}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, cardiology, Catheter Ablation, Cicatrix, Cohort Studies, Contrast Media, Diagnostic Imaging, electrophysiology, gadolinium, Heart Atria, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Kinetics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Observer Variation, Reproducibility of Results}, pages = {177--185}, file = {04008.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ECSUFXQ9/04008.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{dotter_transluminal_1964, title = {Transluminal treatment of arteriosclerotic obstruction: {Description} of a new technic and a preliminary report of {Its} application}, volume = {30}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/30/5/654}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.30.5.654}, abstract = {The rationale and technic of a new procedure{\textemdash}transluminal recanalization of arterio-sclerotic obstructions{\textemdash}has been described. Of the 11 extremities treated, six have shown marked improvement (four amputations averted). It is reasonable to assume that with a perfected technic and patients with less advanced disease, the percentage of successful recanalizations would increase. Early treatment with this technic may well prevent otherwise serious disease, not just prevent amputation of extremities not suitable for definitive surgery. We are satisfied that percutaneous transluminal recanalization is the treatment of choice for many lesions of the femoral and popliteal arteries. We believe this method is ready for application to obstructions up to approximately 10 cm. by those skilled in the use of vascular catheters. No doubt the interest and ingenuity of others will lead to refinements of technic as well as further clarification of the role of this attack on arteriosclerotic obstructions.}, language = {en}, number = {5}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Dotter, Charles T. and Judkins, Melvin P.}, month = nov, year = {1964}, pmid = {14226164}, pages = {654--670}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9DMS2ND9/Dotter and Judkins - 1964 - Transluminal Treatment of Arteriosclerotic Obstruc.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XKTHKHFT/654.html:text/html} } @article{sarabanda_efficacy_2005, title = {Efficacy and safety of circumferential pulmonary vein isolation using a novel cryothermal balloon ablation system}, volume = {46}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.07.046}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2005.07.046}, abstract = {Efficacy and Safety of Circumferential Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using a Novel Cryothermal Balloon Ablation SystemAlvaro V. Sarabanda, T. Jared Bunch, Susan B. Johnson, Srijoy Mahapatra, Mark A. Milton, Luiz R. Leite, G. Keith Bruce, Douglas L. PackerThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel cryothermal balloon ablation system in creating pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. Ablation was performed in 8 dogs, 16 PVs. Successful electrical isolation was achieved acutely in 14 of 16 (87.5\%) PVs and was confirmed in one-week survival studies in 10 of 12 (83\%) PVs. Right phrenic nerve injury was seen in 50\% of the studied animals in this early experience.}, number = {10}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Sarabanda, Alvaro V. and Bunch, T. Jared and Johnson, Susan B. and Mahapatra, Srijoy and Milton, Mark A. and Leite, Luiz R. and Bruce, G. Keith and Packer, Douglas L.}, month = nov, year = {2005}, keywords = {ablation, angiogram, balloon dilatation, induced ventricular tachycardia, pulmonary vein ablation, safety}, pages = {1902--1912}, file = {07046.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4VW3T6N7/07046.pdf:application/pdf} } @incollection{gagliardi_vascular_1996, series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}}, title = {Vascular and interventional radiology}, number = {1}, booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}}, publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.}, author = {Ferris, Ernest J. and Baker, Max L.}, editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.}, year = {1996}, pages = {271--288}, file = {RCI_D_c11.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BP72QRPN/RCI_D_c11.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gelenberg_mirtazapine_2000, title = {Mirtazapine substitution in {SSRI}-induced sexual dysfunction}, volume = {61}, issn = {0160-6689 (Print)}, number = {5}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry}, author = {Gelenberg, A. J. and McGahuey, C. and Laukes, C. and Okayli, G. and Moreno, F. and Zentner, L. and Delgado, P.}, year = {2000}, keywords = {Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/*therapeutic use, Adult, Aged, control, Depressive Disorder/diagnosis/*drug therapy/psychology, Female, Humans, Irritable Mood, Male, Mianserin/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Middle Aged, Muscular Diseases/chemically induced, Pilot Projects, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Severity of Illness Index, Sexual Behavior/drug effects/psychology, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/*chemically induced/*prevention \&, Sleep Disorders/chemically induced, Treatment Outcome, Weight Gain}, pages = {356--60}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/936TBPEP/Gelenberg AJ 356.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{the_affirm_investigators_comparison_2002, title = {A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation}, volume = {347}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa021328}, doi = {10.1056/NEJMoa021328}, abstract = {Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, yet the optimal strategy for its management remains uncertain.1{\textendash}4 During atrial fibrillation, most symptoms (but perhaps not all) are caused by a poorly controlled or irregular ventricular rate, and the associated risk of death is doubled in patients who have a history of atrial fibrillation.5{\textendash}10 Although adequate anticoagulation with warfarin substantially lowers the risk of stroke,11{\textendash}13 this drug is frequently not administered.14 Initial therapy for atrial fibrillation is often directed toward the maintenance of sinus rhythm by means of cardioversion and the use of antiarrhythmic drugs.15 The rationale . . .}, number = {23}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {{The AFFIRM Investigators}}, month = dec, year = {2002}, pmid = {12466506}, pages = {1825--1833}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PZJ8EW4E/2002 - A Comparison of Rate Control and Rhythm Control in.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/V2C7ARM7/NEJMoa021328.html:text/html} } @book{berlin_hedgehog_2013, edition = {2nd}, title = {The {Hedgehog} and the {Fox}: {An} {Essay} on {Tolstoy}'s {View} of {History}}, shorttitle = {The {Hedgehog} and the {Fox}}, abstract = {"The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing." This ancient Greek aphorism, preserved in a fragment from the poet Archilochus, describes the central thesis of Isaiah Berlin's masterly essay on Leo Tolstoy and the philosophy of history, the subject of the epilogue to War and Peace. Although there have been many interpretations of the adage, Berlin uses it to mark a fundamental distinction between human beings who are fascinated by the infinite variety of things and those who relate everything to a central, all-embracing system. Applied to Tolstoy, the saying illuminates a paradox that helps explain his philosophy of history: Tolstoy was a fox, but believed in being a hedgehog. One of Berlin's most celebrated works, this extraordinary essay offers profound insights about Tolstoy, historical understanding, and human psychology. This new edition features a revised text that supplants all previous versions, English translations of the many passages in foreign languages, a new foreword in which Berlin biographer Michael Ignatieff explains the enduring appeal of Berlin's essay, and a new appendix that provides rich context, including excerpts from reviews and Berlin's letters, as well as a startling new interpretation of Archilochus's epigram.}, language = {English}, publisher = {Princeton University Press}, author = {Berlin, Isaiah}, editor = {Hardy, Henry}, collaborator = {Ignatieff, Michael}, month = jun, year = {2013} } @article{valdigem_ablation_2011, title = {Ablation of ventricular tachycardia in chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy with giant basal aneurysm {Carto} {Sound}, {CT}, and {MRI} merge}, volume = {4}, issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084}, url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/4/1/112}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.110.957571}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2013-05-21}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, author = {Valdigem, Bruno P. and Pereira, Fabio B. F. C. G. and Silva, Nilton J. Carneiro da and Dietrich, Cristiano O. and Sobral, Ricardo and Nogueira, Fernando Lopes and Berber, Roberto C. and Mallman, Fabricio and Pinto, Ibraim M. and Szarf, Gilberto and Cirenza, Claudio and Paola, Angelo A. V. de}, month = feb, year = {2011}, pmid = {21325215}, pages = {112--114}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F3NA67UG/Valdigem et al. - 2011 - Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Chronic Cha.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HESJACRK/Valdigem et al. - 2011 - Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Chronic Cha.html:text/html} } @article{klein_ventricular_1979, title = {Ventricular fibrillation in the {Wolff}-{Parkinson}-{White} syndrome}, volume = {301}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197911153012003}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM197911153012003}, abstract = {VENTRICULAR fibrillation is a life-threatening development within the spectrum of arrhythmias associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.1 2 3 4 5 This arrhythmia generally occurs when patients are in atrial fibrillation, with very rapid conduction to the ventricles over an accessory atrioventricular pathway. This report proposes some guidelines for assessing the risk of ventricular fibrillation in symptomatic patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.4 5 6 7 8 9 10 These guidelines are based on clinical and electrophysiologic findings in 31 patients referred for assessment of ventricular fibrillation associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Methods Patient Population The patients were selected from those referred to the Clinical Electrophysiology Laboratory at Duke University Medical Center . . .}, number = {20}, urldate = {2015-01-09}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Klein, George J. and Bashore, Thomas M. and Sellers, T. D. and Pritchett, Edward L. C. and Smith, William M. and Gallagher, John J.}, month = nov, year = {1979}, pmid = {492252}, pages = {1080--1085}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M2IPTU72/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/K4PHCU5A/NEJM197911153012003.html:text/html} } @article{malcolme-lawes_automated_2013, title = {Automated analysis of atrial late gadolinium enhancement imaging that correlates with endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes: {A} 2-center study}, volume = {10}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Automated analysis of atrial late gadolinium enhancement imaging that correlates with endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527113005080}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.04.030}, abstract = {For late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) assessment of atrial scar to guide management and targeting of ablation in atrial fibrillation (AF), an objective, reproducible method of identifying atrial scar is required. To describe an automated method for operator-independent quantification of LGE that correlates with colocated endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes. LGE CMR imaging was performed at 2 centers, before and 3 months after pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal AF (n = 50). A left atrial (LA) surface scar map was constructed by using automated software, expressing intensity as multiples of standard deviation (SD) above blood pool mean. Twenty-one patients underwent endocardial voltage mapping at the time of pulmonary vein isolation (11 were redo procedures). Scar maps and voltage maps were spatially registered to the same magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) segmentation. The LGE levels of 3, 4, and 5SDs above blood pool mean were associated with progressively lower bipolar voltages compared to the preceding enhancement level (0.85 {\textpm} 0.33, 0.50 {\textpm} 0.22, and 0.38 {\textpm} 0.28 mV; P = .002, P {\textless} .001, and P = .048, respectively). The proportion of atrial surface area classified as scar (ie, {\textgreater}3 SD above blood pool mean) on preablation scans was greater in patients with postablation AF recurrence than those without recurrence (6.6\% {\textpm} 6.7\% vs 3.5\% {\textpm} 3.0\%, P = .032). The LA volume {\textgreater}102 mL was associated with a significantly greater proportion of LA scar (6.4\% {\textpm} 5.9\% vs 3.4\% {\textpm} 2.2\%; P = .007). LA scar quantified automatically by a simple objective method correlates with colocated endocardial voltage. Greater preablation scar is associated with LA dilatation and AF recurrence.}, number = {8}, urldate = {2014-04-28}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Malcolme-Lawes, L. C. and Juli, C. and Karim, R. and Bai, W. and Quest, R. and Lim, P. B. and Jamil-Copley, S. and Kojodjojo, P. and Ariff, B. and Davies, D. W. and Rueckert, D. and Francis, D. P. and Hunter, R. and Jones, D. and Boubertakh, R. and Petersen, S. E. and Schilling, R. and Kanagaratnam, P. and Peters, N. S.}, month = aug, year = {2013}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging, Radiofrequency ablation}, pages = {1184--1191}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8BV7SK7U/Malcolme-Lawes et al. - 2013 - Automated analysis of atrial late gadolinium enhan.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RKHQGP9X/Malcolme-Lawes et al. - 2013 - Automated analysis of atrial late gadolinium enhan.html:text/html} } @article{yen-revollo_race_2008, title = {Race does not explain genetic heterogeneity in pharmacogenomic pathways}, volume = {9}, issn = {1744-8042 (Electronic)}, number = {11}, journal = {Pharmacogenomics}, author = {Yen-Revollo, J. L. and Auman, J. T. and McLeod, H. L.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Camptothecin/analogs \& derivatives/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology, Cluster Analysis, Continental Population Groups/ genetics, Databases, Genetic, Fluorouracil/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology, Genetic Heterogeneity, Humans, Insulin/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Pharmacogenetics/ methods/statistics \& numerical data, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Principal Component Analysis}, pages = {1639--45} } @article{mishra_ga_2003, title = {A {GA} based approach for boundary detection of left ventricle with echocardiographic image sequences}, volume = {21}, issn = {0262-8856}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262885603001215}, doi = {10.1016/S0262-8856(03)00121-5}, abstract = {In this paper automatic detection of the boundary of left ventricle (LV) in a sequence of cardiac images has been proposed. The contour detection algorithm is formulated as a constrained optimization problem based on active contour model. The optimization problem has been solved using Genetic Algorithm (GA). The result obtained by the proposed GA based approach is compared with conventional nonlinear programming methods. Validation of the computer-generated boundaries is done after comparing them with manually outlined contours by expert observers. The performance of the algorithm is comparable to inter-observer anomalies.}, number = {11}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Image and Vision Computing}, author = {Mishra, A. and Dutta, P. K. and Ghosh, M. K.}, month = oct, year = {2003}, keywords = {Genetic algorithm, Ultrasound images and snake}, pages = {967--976}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3UXCDXGU/Mishra et al. - 2003 - A GA based approach for boundary detection of left.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DZ7JKB2J/S0262885603001215.html:text/html} } @article{lang_recommendations_2006, title = {Recommendations for chamber quantification}, volume = {7}, issn = {1525-2167}, doi = {10.1016/j.euje.2005.12.014}, abstract = {Quantification of cardiac chamber size, ventricular mass and function ranks among the most clinically important and most frequently requested tasks of echocardiography. Over the last decades, echocardiographic methods and techniques have improved and expanded dramatically, due to the introduction of higher frequency transducers, harmonic imaging, fully digital machines, left-sided contrast agents, and other technological advancements. Furthermore, echocardiography due to its portability and versatility is now used in emergency rooms, operating rooms, and intensive care units. Standardization of measurements in echocardiography has been inconsistent and less successful, compared to other imaging techniques and consequently, echocardiographic measurements are sometimes perceived as less reliable. Therefore, the American Society of Echocardiography, working together with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology, has critically reviewed the literature and updated the recommendations for quantifying cardiac chambers using echocardiography. This document reviews the technical aspects on how to perform quantitative chamber measurements of morphology and function, which is a component of every complete echocardiographic examination.}, language = {eng}, number = {2}, journal = {European Journal of Echocardiography}, author = {Lang, Roberto M. and Bierig, Michelle and Devereux, Richard B. and Flachskampf, Frank A. and Foster, Elyse and Pellikka, Patricia A. and Picard, Michael H. and Roman, Mary J. and Seward, James and Shanewise, Jack and Solomon, Scott and Spencer, Kirk T. and St John Sutton, Martin and Stewart, William}, month = mar, year = {2006}, pmid = {16458610}, keywords = {Cardiac Volume, Cardiovascular diseases, Clinical Trials as Topic, Contrast Media, Echocardiography, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Societies, Medical, Stroke Volume, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left}, pages = {79--108}, file = {79.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DDC3472B/79.full.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{nandalur_diagnostic_2007, title = {Diagnostic performance of stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of coronary artery disease: {A} meta-analysis}, volume = {50}, issn = {0735-1097}, shorttitle = {Diagnostic {Performance} of {Stress} {Cardiac} {Magnetic} {Resonance} {Imaging} in the {Detection} of {Coronary} {Artery} {Disease}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109707022073}, doi = {16/j.jacc.2007.06.030}, abstract = {Objectives The purpose of our study was to conduct an evidence-based evaluation of stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD).Background{\textless}br/{\textgreater}Stress cardiac MRI has recently emerged as a noninvasive method in the detection of CAD, with 2 main techniques in use: 1) perfusion imaging; and 2) stress-induced wall motion abnormalities imaging. Methods We examined studies from January 1990 to January 2007 using MEDLINE and EMBASE. A study was included if it: 1) used stress MRI as a diagnostic test for CAD ({\textgreater}=50\% diameter stenosis); and 2) used catheter X-ray angiography as the reference standard. Results Thirty-seven studies (2,191 patients) met the inclusion criteria, with 14 datasets (754 patients) using stress-induced wall motion abnormalities imaging and 24 datasets (1,516 patients) using perfusion imaging. Stress-induced wall motion abnormalities imaging demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.83 (95\% confidence interval [CI] 0.79 to 0.88) and specificity of 0.86 (95\% CI 0.81 to 0.91) on a patient level (disease prevalence = 70.5\%). Perfusion imaging demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.91 (95\% CI 0.88 to 0.94) and specificity of 0.81 (95\% CI 0.77 to 0.85) on a patient level (disease prevalence = 57.4\%). Conclusions In studies with high disease prevalence, stress cardiac MRI, using either technique, demonstrates overall good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of CAD. However, limited data are available regarding use of either technique in populations with low disease prevalence.}, number = {14}, urldate = {2011-06-13}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Nandalur, Kiran R. and Dwamena, Ben A. and Choudhri, Asim F. and Nandalur, Mohan R. and Carlos, Ruth C.}, month = oct, year = {2007}, pages = {1343--1353}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QMHF4KNT/Nandalur et al. - 2007 - Diagnostic Performance of Stress Cardiac Magnetic .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UADV5S84/S0735109707022073.html:text/html} } @article{calkins_radiofrequency_1992, title = {Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular connections in 250 patients: {Abbreviated} therapeutic approach to {Wolff}-{Parkinson}-{White} syndrome}, volume = {85}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/85/4/1337}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.85.4.1337}, abstract = {BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to report the results and complications of radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular (AV) connections by using an abbreviated approach aimed at minimizing the duration of the procedure. METHODS AND RESULTS Two hundred fifty consecutive patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia involving a concealed accessory AV connection underwent catheter ablation with the use of radiofrequency current. In 179 of the 250 patients, catheter ablation was performed at the time of an initial electrophysiology test. Two hundred thirty-five patients had one accessory AV connection and 15 patients had two or more. One hundred eighty-three accessory AV connections were manifest and 84 were concealed. One hundred sixty-one were were located in the free wall of the left ventricle, 47 were in the right free wall, 44 were posteroseptal, 10 were anteroseptal, and five were intermediate test, and the ablation procedure was recorded for each patient, as was the total duration of fluoroscopy. A follow-up electrophysiology test was performed 2-3 months after the ablation procedure. Ninety-four percent of patients had all accessory AV connections successfully ablated and remained free of symptomatic tachycardia during a mean follow-up of 10 +/- 4 months. Two hundred nineteen patients (88\%) had all accessory AV connections ablated during the initial attempt at catheter ablation. Mean duration of the entire procedure was 134 +/- 75 minutes. Procedure duration was longest in patients with multiple accessory AV connections, shortest in patients with intermediate septal accessory AV connections, and similar in all other locations. A nonfatal complication occurred in nine patients (4\%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that catheter ablation of accessory AV connections with radiofrequency current can be performed safely and expeditiously in a majority of patients and confirm in a large series the feasibility of catheter ablation at the time of an initial diagnostic electrophysiology test. This abbreviated therapeutic approach avoids the need for electropharmacological testing, long-term antiarrhythmic drug therapy, and surgical therapy in the majority of patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome or with symptomatic tachycardias involving accessory AV connections.}, language = {en}, number = {4}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Calkins, H. and Langberg, J. and Sousa, J. and el-Atassi, R. and Leon, A. and Kou, W. and Kalbfleisch, S. and Morady, F.}, month = apr, year = {1992}, pmid = {1555278}, pages = {1337--1346}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KR33FGHE/Calkins et al. - 1992 - Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory atri.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T5M3IKZ5/1337.html:text/html} } @article{krause_dantrolene_2004, title = {Dantrolene -- {A} review of its pharmacology, therapeutic use and new developments}, volume = {59}, issn = {0003-2409 (Print) 0003-2409 (Linking)}, number = {4}, journal = {Anaesthesia}, author = {Krause, T. and Gerbershagen, M. U. and Fiege, M. and Weisshorn, R. and Wappler, F.}, year = {2004}, keywords = {Dantrolene/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Malignant Hyperthermia/*drug therapy, Muscle Relaxants, Central/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome/drug therapy}, pages = {364--73}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VBV67RTQ/Dantrolene.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{osterberg_adherence_2005, title = {Adherence to medication}, volume = {353}, issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)}, number = {5}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Osterberg, L. and Blaschke, T.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {*Drug Therapy/psychology/statistics \& numerical data, *Patient Compliance/psychology/statistics \& numerical data, Adolescent, Child, Chronic Disease/drug therapy, Drug Administration Schedule, HIV Infections/drug therapy, Humans, Hypertension/drug therapy, Mental Disorders/drug therapy}, pages = {487--97}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TUTDGSTF/Osterberg-2005-Adherence to medicat.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{hoskins_ugt1a1*28_2007, title = {{UGT}1A1*28 genotype and irinotecan-induced neutropenia: dose matters}, volume = {99}, issn = {1460-2105 (Electronic)}, number = {17}, journal = {Journal of the National Cancer Institute}, author = {Hoskins, J. M. and Goldberg, R. M. and Qu, P. and Ibrahim, J. G. and McLeod, H. L.}, year = {2007}, keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects, Camptothecin/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans}, pages = {1290--5}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NEQV427P/Hoskins-2007-UGT1A1_28 genotype a.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wirz_less_2008, title = {Less nausea, emesis, and constipation comparing hydromorphone and morphine? {A} prospective open-labeled investigation on cancer pain}, volume = {16}, issn = {0941-4355 (Print)}, number = {9}, journal = {Support Care Cancer}, author = {Wirz, S. and Wartenberg, H. C. and Nadstawek, J.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Constipation/*chemically induced, Female, Humans, Hydromorphone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Morphine/*adverse effects/therapeutic use, Nausea/*chemically induced, Neoplasms/*complications, Pain/*drug therapy/etiology, Pain Measurement, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Vomiting/*chemically induced}, pages = {999--1009}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NMK7ZC5Z/Wirz-2008-Less nausea, emesis.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{lister_dominant_1967, title = {The dominant pacemaker of the human heart: {Antegrade} and retrograde activation of the heart}, volume = {35}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/35/1/22}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.35.1.22}, abstract = {In 25 cases at open heart surgery, atrial and ventricular close bipolar electrograms, an atrial unipolar electrogram, and a lead-II electrocardiogram were simultaneously monitored throughout each procedure. In six cases the ventricles or atria, or both, were paced by electrical stimulation. Although atrial activity could frequently not be clearly delineated on the lead II electrocardiogram, the time relationship between atrial and ventricular depolarization could at all times be determined from the electrograms. During ventricular premature beats and ventricular rhythms, retrograde A-V conduction and retrograde activation of the atria were common, and unidirectional retrograde A-V block was infrequent. In spontaneous and induced cardiac arrhythmias the fastest pacemaker of the heart, atrial, His bundle, or ventricular, usually activated the entire heart.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Lister, John W. and Delman, Abner J. and Stein, Emanuel and Grunwald, Ronald and Robinson, George}, month = jan, year = {1967}, pmid = {6016053}, keywords = {Atrioventricular conduction, Cardiac arrhythmias, Electrograms, atrial and ventricular, Ventricular rhythms}, pages = {22--31}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/E8D4JV6W/Lister et al. - 1967 - The Dominant Pacemaker of the Human Heart Antegrad.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JNAXIFZ2/22.html:text/html} } @article{hayashi_left_2014, title = {Left atrial wall thickness and outcomes of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy}, volume = {40}, issn = {1572-8595}, doi = {10.1007/s10840-014-9894-y}, abstract = {PURPOSE: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is still challenging, and it is unclear whether the difficulty is caused by the hypertrophy of left atrial (LA) myocardial wall thickness. The objective of the study was to compare the LA wall thickness and AF ablation outcomes between patients with HCM and those without structural heart disease. METHODS: The present study enrolled 17 consecutive HCM patients (63 {\textpm} 12 years) with drug-refractory AF and 34 control patients without any detectable heart disease, whose age, gender, type of AF, and LA dimension were matched to the HCM patients. The myocardial wall thickness of 11 distinct LA locations, measured using 64-slice computed tomography images, and AF ablation outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The LA wall thickness did not differ at 9 of the 11 locations and was significantly thinner in the HCM patients than in the control patients at the mid-posterior wall (1.44 {\textpm} 0.17 vs. 1.58 {\textpm} 0.22, p = 0.04) and infero-posterior wall (1.62 {\textpm} 0.16 vs. 1.74 {\textpm} 0.18, p = 0.03). Although antiarrhythmic drugs were used more frequently in the HCM patients (p = 0.008), the rate of maintaining sinus rhythm during the follow-up did not differ between the HCM and control patients (53 vs. 56\% after the initial ablation [log-rank p = 0.78] and 82 and 88\% after the repeat procedure [log-rank p = 0.35]). CONCLUSIONS: The LA wall in the HCM patients with AF was not thicker than that of the matched patients without structural heart disease. Catheter ablation of AF showed favorable outcomes in both patient groups.}, language = {eng}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology: An International Journal of Arrhythmias and Pacing}, author = {Hayashi, Hiroshi and Hayashi, Meiso and Miyauchi, Yasushi and Takahashi, Kenta and Uetake, Shunsuke and Tsuboi, Ippei and Yodogawa, Kenji and Iwasaki, Yu-Ki and Shimizu, Wataru}, month = aug, year = {2014}, pmid = {24763706}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Catheter Ablation, Female, Heart Atria, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {153--160}, file = {art%3A10.1007%2Fs10840-014-9894-y.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/657ZRPAR/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10840-014-9894-y.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{kimura_anatomical_2013, title = {Anatomical characteristics of the left atrial appendage in cardiogenic stroke with low {CHADS}2 scores}, volume = {10}, issn = {1547-5271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527113001057}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.01.036}, abstract = {Background Strokes develop even in patients with low CHADS2 scores, and the left atrial appendage (LAA) is the embolic source 90\% of the time. We focused on the LAA morphology as a new predictor of strokes. Objective To clarify the anatomical characteristics of the LAA for risk stratification of strokes in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) who have low CHADS2 scores. Methods Among 80 patients who underwent catheter ablation of AF with contrast-enhanced computed tomography, the LAA characteristics were compared between 30 patients with histories of strokes and 50 age-matched controls. The LAA anatomy was classified into 4 types{\textemdash}{\textquotedblleft}cactus,{\textquotedblright} {\textquotedblleft}cauliflower,{\textquotedblright} {\textquotedblleft}chicken wing,{\textquotedblright} and {\textquotedblleft}windsock{\textquotedblright}{\textemdash}discriminated by the computed tomography measurements of the length, angle, and number of lobes of the LAA. Results The average CHADS2 score did not differ significantly between patients with stroke and controls (0.8{\textpm}0.8 vs 0.6{\textpm}0.7; P = .277). Eight (26.7\%) patients with stroke had CHA2DS2-VASc scores of 0. The left atrial size, LAA flow velocity, left ventricular function, and serum brain natriuretic peptide level were also unable to predict strokes. However, a {\textquotedblleft}cauliflower{\textquotedblright} LAA, defined as a main lobe of less than 4 cm long without forked lobes, was significantly more common in patients with stroke (odds ratio 3.857; 95\% confidence interval 1.482{\textendash}10.037; P = .005). The CHA2DS2-VASc score-adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed the cauliflower LAA as an independent predictor of a stroke (odds ratio 3.355; 95\% confidence interval 1.243{\textendash}9.055; P = .017). Conclusions The LAA anatomy might be useful for predicting strokes in patients with nonvalvular AF who have low CHADS2 scores.}, number = {6}, urldate = {2015-01-02}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Kimura, Takehiro and Takatsuki, Seiji and Inagawa, Kohei and Katsumata, Yoshinori and Nishiyama, Takahiko and Nishiyama, Nobuhiro and Fukumoto, Kotaro and Aizawa, Yoshiyasu and Tanimoto, Yoko and Tanimoto, Kojiro and Jinzaki, Masahiro and Fukuda, Keiichi}, month = jun, year = {2013}, keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, CHADS2 score, Left atrial appendage, stroke}, pages = {921--925}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UCQ5GWF8/Kimura et al. - 2013 - Anatomical characteristics of the left atrial appe.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IJD45IDE/S1547527113001057.html:text/html} } @article{lewis_mirtazapine_2002, title = {Mirtazapine for {PTSD} nightmares}, volume = {159}, issn = {0002-953X (Print)}, number = {11}, journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry}, author = {Lewis, J. D.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Antidepressive Agents/*therapeutic use, Dreams/*drug effects, Humans, Mianserin/adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives/*therapeutic use, Refugees/*psychology, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy/psychology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*drug therapy/psychology, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1948--9}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KGDGMVIN/Lewis-2002-Mirtazapine for PTSD.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{ouyang_long-term_2010, title = {Long-term results of catheter ablation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: {Lessons} from a 5-year follow-up}, volume = {122}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/122/23/2368}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.946806}, abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) naturally progresses toward chronic AF at an estimated rate of 15\% to 30\% over a 1- to 3-year period. Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is increasingly performed for the treatment of drug-refractory paroxysmal AF. The long-term data on clinical outcome after circumferential PV isolation are limited. Methods and Results{\textemdash}From 2003 to late 2004, 161 patients (121 men; age, 59.8{\textpm}9.7 years) with symptomatic paroxysmal AF and normal left ventricular function underwent circumferential PV isolation guided by 3-dimensional mapping and double Lasso technique. Right-sided and left-sided continuous circular lesions encircling the ipsilateral PVs were placed with irrigated radiofrequency energy. The procedure end point was the absence of all PV spikes for at least 30 minutes after PV isolation verified by 2 Lasso catheters placed within the ipsilateral PVs. Sinus rhythm was present in 75 patients (46.6\%) after the initial procedure during a median follow-up period of 4.8 years (0.33 to 5.5 years). A second procedure was performed in 66 and a third procedure in 12 patients. Recovered PV isolation conduction was observed in 62 of 66 patients (94.0\%) during the second and in 8 of 12 patients (66.7\%) during the third procedure. After a median of 1 (1 to 3) procedure, stable sinus rhythm was achieved in 128 of 161 patients (79.5\%), whereas clinical improvement occurred in an additional 21 of 161 patients (13.0\%) during a median follow-up of 4.6 years (0.33 to 5.5 years). Four patients in stable sinus rhythm died during follow-up. Progression toward chronic AF was observed in 4 patients (2.4\%); however, only 2 patients reported symptoms. Conclusion{\textemdash}In patients with paroxysmal AF and normal left ventricular function, circumferential PV isolation results in stable sinus rhythm in the majority of patients, and low incidence of chronic AF was observed after ablation during up to 5 years of follow-up.}, language = {en}, number = {23}, urldate = {2014-11-24}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Ouyang, Feifan and Tilz, Roland and Chun, Julian and Schmidt, Boris and Wissner, Erik and Zerm, Thomas and Neven, Kars and K{\"o}kt{\"u}rk, Bulent and Konstantinidou, Melanie and Metzner, Andreas and Fuernkranz, Alexander and Kuck, Karl-Heinz}, month = dec, year = {2010}, pmid = {21098450}, keywords = {ablation, arrhythmia, Catheter Ablation, electrophysiology, fibrillation, mapping, pulmonary vein}, pages = {2368--2377}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BE2S27DD/Ouyang et al. - 2010 - Long-Term Results of Catheter Ablation in Paroxysm.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UR5GHAFR/2368.html:text/html} } @article{ramanathan_noninvasive_2003, title = {Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging ({ECGI}): {Application} of the generalized minimal residual ({GMRes}) method}, volume = {31}, issn = {0090-6964}, shorttitle = {Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging ({ECGI})}, abstract = {Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) is a developing imaging modality for cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias. It reconstructs epicardial potentials, electrograms, and isochrones from electrocardiographic body-surface potentials noninvasively. Current ECGI methodology employs Tikhonov regularization, which imposes constraints on the reconstructed potentials or their derivatives. This approach can sometimes reduce spatial resolution by smoothing the solution. Accuracy depends on a priori knowledge of solution characteristics and determination of an optimal regularization parameter. These properties led us to implement an independent, iterative approach for ECGI--the generalized minimal residual (GMRes) method--which does not apply constraints. GMRes was applied to experimental data during activation/repolarization of normal and infarcted hearts. GMRes reconstructions were compared to Tikhonov reconstructions and to measured "gold standards" in isolated hearts. Overall, the accuracy of GMRes solutions was similar to Tikhonov regularization. However, in certain cases GMRes recovered localized potential features (e.g., multiple potential minima), which were lost in the Tikhonov solution. Simultaneous use of these two complementary methods in clinical ECGI will ensure reliability and maximal extraction of diagnostic information in the absence of a priori information about a patient's condition.}, language = {eng}, number = {8}, journal = {Annals of Biomedical Engineering}, author = {Ramanathan, Charulatha and Jia, Ping and Ghanem, Raja and Calvetti, Daniela and Rudy, Yoram}, month = sep, year = {2003}, pmid = {12918913}, pmcid = {PMC2151914}, keywords = {Action Potentials, Algorithms, Animals, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Computer Simulation, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Dogs, Electrocardiography, Heart Conduction System, Models, Cardiovascular, Models, Neurological, Myocardial Infarction, Pericardium, Tachycardia, Ventricular}, pages = {981--994}, file = {art%3A10.1114%2F1.1588655.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3278GWAK/art%3A10.1114%2F1.1588655.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{periaswamy_elastic_2003, title = {Elastic registration in the presence of intensity variations}, volume = {22}, issn = {0278-0062}, url = {10.1109/TMI.2003.815069}, doi = {10.1109/TMI.2003.815069}, abstract = {We have developed a general-purpose registration algorithm for medical images and volumes. This method models the transformation between images as locally affine but globally smooth. The model also explicitly accounts for local and global variations in image intensities. This approach is built upon a differential multiscale framework, allowing us to capture both large- and small-scale transformations. We show that this approach is highly effective across a broad range of synthetic and clinical medical images.}, number = {7}, urldate = {2010-10-26}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Periaswamy, S. and Farid, H.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {Algorithms, Artifacts, brain, clinical medical images, differential multiscale framework, Elasticity, elastic registration, Head, Humans, Image Enhancement, image intensities, image registration, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, intensity variations, locally affine globally smooth transformation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medical diagnostic imaging, medical image processing, Motion, motion estimation, Quality Control, Subtraction Technique, synthetic medical images, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, transformation between images}, pages = {865--874} } @article{papakostas_treatment_2008, title = {Treatment of {SSRI}-resistant depression: {A} meta-analysis comparing within- versus across-class switches}, volume = {63}, issn = {1873-2402 (Electronic)}, number = {7}, journal = {Biological Psychiatry}, author = {Papakostas, G. I. and Fava, M. and Thase, M. E.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {*Drug Resistance, Bupropion/therapeutic use, Cyclohexanols/therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder, Major/*drug therapy, Humans, Mianserin/analogs \& derivatives/therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/*classification/*therapeutic use}, pages = {699--704}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IHW6VTTT/Papakostas-2008-Treatment of SSRI-re.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{laville_contrast-induced_2010, title = {Contrast-induced acute kidney injury: how should at-risk patients be identified and managed?}, issn = {1121-8428}, shorttitle = {Contrast-induced acute kidney injury}, url = {http://www.jnephrol.com/article/contrast-induced-acute-kidney-injury--how-should-at-risk-patients-be-identified-and--managed--jnephrol-d-09-00115r1}, number = {Vol. 23 Issue 4 (July-August 2010)}, urldate = {2014-12-18}, journal = {Journal of Nephrology}, author = {Laville, Maurice and Juillard, Laurent}, month = mar, year = {2010}, pmid = {20349411}, pages = {387--398}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZXVBAUQ4/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JV7TAWMW/contrast-induced-acute-kidney-injury--how-should-at-risk-patients-be-identified-and--managed--j.html:text/html} } @article{du_comparison_2001, title = {A comparison of prospective and retrospective respiratory navigator gating in 3D {MR} coronary angiography}, volume = {17}, issn = {1569-5794}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2396324/}, abstract = {A comparison between the prospective and retrospective respiratory navigator gating in MR coronary angiography was performed with eight normal subjects. A three-dimensional (3D) ECG-gated fast gradient echo pulse sequence was used for image data acquisition. The results show that the MR coronary angiography obtained using retrospective gating retains a considerable amount of motion artifacts. In this study, the images acquired using prospective navigator gating demonstrated significantly reduced motion artifacts (p = 0.009), improved vessel visibility (p = 0.021) with reduced imaging time (p = 0.013) compared to the images obtained using retrospective navigator gating.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2015-04-25}, journal = {The international journal of cardiovascular imaging}, author = {Du, Yiping P. and McVeigh, Elliot R. and Bluemke, David A. and Silber, Harry A. and Foo, Thomas K.F.}, month = aug, year = {2001}, pmid = {11599868}, pmcid = {PMC2396324}, pages = {287--296}, file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RDD3ZWCU/Du et al. - 2001 - A comparison of prospective and retrospective resp.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{talbot_towards_2013, title = {Towards an interactive electromechanical model of the heart}, volume = {3}, copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2013 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.}, issn = {2042-8898, 2042-8901}, url = {http://rsfs.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/3/2/20120091}, doi = {10.1098/rsfs.2012.0091}, abstract = {In this work, we develop an interactive framework for rehearsal of and training in cardiac catheter ablation, and for planning cardiac resynchronization therapy. To this end, an interactive and real-time electrophysiology model of the heart is developed to fit patient-specific data. The proposed interactive framework relies on two main contributions. First, an efficient implementation of cardiac electrophysiology is proposed, using the latest graphics processing unit computing techniques. Second, a mechanical simulation is then coupled to the electrophysiological signals to produce realistic motion of the heart. We demonstrate that pathological mechanical and electrophysiological behaviour can be simulated.}, language = {en}, number = {20120091}, urldate = {2015-01-15}, journal = {Interface Focus}, author = {Talbot, Hugo and Marchesseau, St{\'e}phanie and Duriez, Christian and Sermesant, Maxime and Cotin, St{\'e}phane and Delingette, Herv{\'e}}, month = apr, year = {2013}, pmid = {24427533}, note = {In this work, we develop an interactive framework for rehearsal of and training in cardiac catheter ablation, and for planning cardiac resynchronization therapy. To this end, an interactive and real-time electrophysiology model of the heart is developed to fit patient-specific data. The proposed interactive framework relies on two main contributions. First, an efficient implementation of cardiac electrophysiology is proposed, using the latest graphics processing unit computing techniques. Second, a mechanical simulation is then coupled to the electrophysiological signals to produce realistic motion of the heart. We demonstrate that pathological mechanical and electrophysiological behaviour can be simulated.}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WMT2V3VU/Talbot et al. - 2013 - Towards an interactive electromechanical model of .pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T87N6GR4/20120091.html:text/html} } @article{bay_speeded-up_2008, title = {Speeded-up robust features ({SURF})}, volume = {110}, issn = {1077-3142}, shorttitle = {Similarity {Matching} in {Computer} {Vision} and {Multimedia}}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077314207001555}, doi = {10.1016/j.cviu.2007.09.014}, abstract = {This article presents a novel scale- and rotation-invariant detector and descriptor, coined SURF (Speeded-Up Robust Features). SURF approximates or even outperforms previously proposed schemes with respect to repeatability, distinctiveness, and robustness, yet can be computed and compared much faster. This is achieved by relying on integral images for image convolutions; by building on the strengths of the leading existing detectors and descriptors (specifically, using a Hessian matrix-based measure for the detector, and a distribution-based descriptor); and by simplifying these methods to the essential. This leads to a combination of novel detection, description, and matching steps. The paper encompasses a detailed description of the detector and descriptor and then explores the effects of the most important parameters. We conclude the article with SURF{\textquoteright}s application to two challenging, yet converse goals: camera calibration as a special case of image registration, and object recognition. Our experiments underline SURF{\textquoteright}s usefulness in a broad range of topics in computer vision.}, number = {3}, urldate = {2013-08-27}, journal = {Computer Vision and Image Understanding}, author = {Bay, Herbert and Ess, Andreas and Tuytelaars, Tinne and Van Gool, Luc}, month = jun, year = {2008}, keywords = {Camera calibration, Feature description, Interest points, Local features, object recognition}, pages = {346--359}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UMP8ZZEZ/Bay et al. - 2008 - Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF).pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QGSBH2XU/S1077314207001555.html:text/html} } @article{eroglu_comparison_2006, title = {Comparison of real-time tri-plane and conventional 2D dobutamine stress echocardiography for the assessment of coronary artery disease}, volume = {27}, number = {14}, journal = {European Heart Journal}, author = {Eroglu, Elif and D'hooge, Jan and Herbots, Lieven and Thijs, Daisy and Dubois, Christophe and Sinnaeve, Peter and Dens, Joseph and Vanhaecke, Johan and Rademakers, Frank}, year = {2006}, pages = {1719--1724}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZJ657EJA/Eroglu TriPlaneStressEcho.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{pettinati_double-blind_2010, title = {A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial combining sertraline and naltrexone for treating co-occurring depression and alcohol dependence}, volume = {167}, issn = {1535-7228 (Electronic) 0002-953X (Linking)}, number = {6}, journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry}, author = {Pettinati, H. M. and Oslin, D. W. and Kampman, K. M. and Dundon, W. D. and Xie, H. and Gallis, T. L. and Dackis, C. A. and O'Brien, C. P.}, year = {2010}, pages = {668--75}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KCSCHPCH/SertNaltrex.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gotto_review_2005, title = {Review of primary and secondary prevention trials with lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin}, volume = {96}, issn = {0002-9149 (Print)}, number = {5A}, journal = {American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Gotto, A. M.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Coronary Artery Disease/*prevention \& control, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Lovastatin/therapeutic use, Pravastatin/therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Simvastatin/therapeutic use}, pages = {34F--38F}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IR2ENZDT/Gotto.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{sheridan_case_2007, title = {Case 10-2007 -- {A} 55-year-old man impaled in a rowing accident}, volume = {356}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcpc079004}, doi = {10.1056/NEJMcpc079004}, abstract = {Presentation of Case A 55-year-old man was admitted to this hospital after being impaled by the prow of a racing shell in a rowing accident. The patient, who was in excellent health, was sculling on the Charles River in Boston when his boat collided head-on at approximately 7:20 a.m. with an eight-person shell moving in the opposite direction; both boats were estimated to be traveling at 12 to 16 km per hour. The initial contact between the vessels tore a rubber safety bumper from the larger boat, and the sharp prow of the larger craft entered the left side of . . .}, number = {13}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Sheridan, Robert L. and Velmahos, George and Smith, R. Malcolm and Sacknoff, Richard}, month = mar, year = {2007}, pmid = {17392306}, pages = {1353--1360}, file = {nejmcpc079004.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6RJ9H22U/nejmcpc079004.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IZZ8XSD9/nejmcpc079004.html:text/html} } @article{hunter_long-term_2010, title = {Long-term outcome after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: {Safety}, efficacy and impact on prognosis}, volume = {96}, issn = {1468-201X (Electronic) 1355-6037 (Linking)}, number = {16}, journal = {Heart}, author = {Hunter, R. J. and Schilling, R. J.}, year = {2010}, keywords = {*Catheter Ablation/adverse effects, Atrial Fibrillation/complications/mortality/*surgery, Humans, Prognosis, Stroke/etiology/prevention \& control, Treatment Outcome}, pages = {1259--63}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2THT2ZGK/afib-ablate.pdf:application/pdf} } @book{harvey_exercitatio_1628, address = {Frankfort}, edition = {1st}, title = {Exercitatio {Anatomica} de {Motu} {Cordis} et {Sanguinis} in {Animalibus}}, abstract = {WILLIAM HARVEY, whose epoch-making treatise announcing and demonstrating the circulation of the blood is here printed, was born at Folkestone, Kent, England, April 1, 1578. He was educated at the King{\textquoteright}s School, Canterbury, and at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge; and studied medicine on the Continent, receiving the degree of M.D. from the University of Padua. He took the same degree later at both the English universities. After his return to England he became Fellow of the College of Physicians, physician to St. Bartholomew{\textquoteright}s Hospital, and Lumleian lecturer at the College of Physicians. It was in this last capacity that he delivered, in 1616, the lectures in which he first gave public notice of his theories on the circulation of the blood. The notes of these lectures are still preserved in the British Museum. In 1618 Harvey was appointed physician extraordinary to James I, and he remained in close professional relations to the royal family until the close of the Civil War, being present at the battle of Edgehill. By mandate of Charles I, he was, for a short time, Warden of Merton College, Oxford (1645{\textendash}6), and, when he was too infirm to undertake the duties, he was offered the Presidency of the College of Physicians. He died on June 3, 1657. Harvey{\textquoteright}s famous {\textquotedblleft}Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus{\textquotedblright} was published in Latin at Frankfort in 1628. The discovery was received with great interest, and in his own country was accepted at once; on the Continent it won favor more slowly. Before his death, however, the soundness of his views was acknowledged by the medical profession throughout Europe, and {\textquotedblleft}it remains to this day the greatest of the discoveries of physiology, and its whole honor belongs to Harvey.{\textquotedblright}}, language = {Latin}, publisher = {Sumptibus Guilielmi Fitzeri}, author = {Harvey, William}, year = {1628}, file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FJZUU2M3/document.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{chugh_catheter_2005, title = {Catheter ablation of atypical atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia within the coronary sinus after left atrial ablation for atrial fibrillation}, volume = {46}, issn = {0735-1097}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.03.053}, doi = {10.1016/j.jacc.2005.03.053}, abstract = {Objectives~ The goal of this study was to describe the prevalence and ablation of coronary sinus (CS) arrhythmias after left atrial ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF).Background The CS has been implicated in a variety of supraventricular arrhythmias.Methods Thirty-eight patients underwent mapping and ablation of atypical flutter that developed during (n = 5) or after (n = 33) ablation for AF. Also included were two patients with focal CS arrhythmias that occurred during an AF ablation procedure. A tachycardia was considered to be originating from the CS if the post-pacing interval in the CS matched the tachycardia cycle length and/or if it terminated during ablation in the CS.Results Among the 33 patients who developed atypical flutter late after AF ablation, 9 (27\%) were found to have a CS origin. Overall, 16 of the 40 patients in this study had a CS arrhythmia. The tachycardia was macro-re-entrant in 14 patients (88\%) and focal in two patients. Radiofrequency ablation with an 8-mm-tip catheter was successful in 15 patients (94\%) without complication. In eight patients (50\%), >=45 W was required for successful ablation. Thirteen of the 15 patients (87\%) with a successful ablation acutely remained arrhythmia-free during 5 {\textpm} 5 months of follow-up.Conclusions The musculature of the CS serves as a critical component of the re-entry circuit in approximately 25\% of patients with atypical flutter after ablation for AF. The CS may also generate focal atrial arrhythmias that may play a role in triggering and/or maintaining AF. Catheter ablation of these arrhythmias in the CS can be performed safely.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-01-08}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Chugh, Aman and Oral, Hakan and Good, Eric and Han, Jihn and Tamirisa, Kamala and Lemola, Kristina and Elmouchi, Darryl and Tschopp, David and Reich, Scott and Igic, Petar and Bogun, Frank and Pelosi, Frank, JR and Morady, Fred}, month = jul, year = {2005}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial tachycardia, atypical, cardiac ablation, cardiac arrhythmia, coronary sinus structure, left atrial structure, tachycardia}, pages = {83--91}, file = {03053.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NDA3UEE6/03053.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{cleary_image-guided_2010, title = {Image-guided interventions: {Technology} review and clinical applications}, volume = {12}, issn = {1545-4274}, shorttitle = {Image-guided interventions}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20415592}, doi = {10.1146/annurev-bioeng-070909-105249}, abstract = {Image-guided interventions are medical procedures that use computer-based systems to provide virtual image overlays to help the physician precisely visualize and target the surgical site. This field has been greatly expanded by the advances in medical imaging and computing power over the past 20 years. This review begins with a historical overview and then describes the component technologies of tracking, registration, visualization, and software. Clinical applications in neurosurgery, orthopedics, and the cardiac and thoracoabdominal areas are discussed, together with a description of an evolving technology named Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES). As the trend toward minimally invasive procedures continues, image-guided interventions will play an important role in enabling new procedures, while improving the accuracy and success of existing approaches. Despite this promise, the role of image-guided systems must be validated by clinical trials facilitated by partnerships between scientists and physicians if this field is to reach its full potential.}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering}, author = {Cleary, Kevin and Peters, Terry M.}, month = aug, year = {2010}, pmid = {20415592}, keywords = {Abdomen, Animals, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Endoscopy, Female, Humans, Neurosurgical Procedures, Orthopedic Procedures, Software, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Thoracic Surgical Procedures}, pages = {119--142}, file = {annurev-bioeng-070909-105249.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q3HRP5Q4/annurev-bioeng-070909-105249.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{arnett_twenty-year_2005, title = {Twenty-year trends in serum cholesterol, hypercholesterolemia, and cholesterol medication use: the {Minnesota} {Heart} {Survey}, 1980-1982 to 2000-2002}, volume = {112}, issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)}, number = {25}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Arnett, D. K. and Jacobs, D. R. and Luepker, R. V. and Blackburn, H. and Armstrong, C. and Claas, S. A.}, year = {2005}, keywords = {Adult, Age Factors, Antilipemic Agents/*therapeutic use, Cholesterol/*blood, Cholesterol, HDL/blood, Cluster Analysis, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia/blood/drug therapy/*epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sex Factors}, pages = {3884--91}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2HV954DS/Arnett-2005-Twenty-year trends i.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{stewart_clinical_1997, title = {Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease}, volume = {29}, issn = {0735-1097}, number = {3}, journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology}, author = {Stewart, B. Fendley and Siscovick, David and Lind, Bonnie K. and Gardin, Julius M. and Gottdiener, John S. and Smith, Vivienne E. and Kitzman, Dalane W. and Otto, Catherine M.}, year = {1997}, pages = {630--634}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5RZEENI8/Stewart ValveDisease.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{wallace_conversion_2008, title = {Conversion from standard opioid therapy to once-daily oral extended-release hydromorphone in patients with chronic cancer pain}, volume = {36}, issn = {0300-0605 (Print)}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Internal Medicine Research}, author = {Wallace, M. and Rauck, R. L. and Moulin, D. and Thipphawong, J. and Khanna, S. and Tudor, I. C.}, year = {2008}, keywords = {Administration, Oral, Analgesics, Opioid/administration \& dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic, Animals, Chronic Disease, Delayed-Action Preparations/administration \& dosage/adverse, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, effects/therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Hydromorphone/administration \& dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms/*complications/drug therapy, Pain/*drug therapy/etiology, use}, pages = {343--52}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3ETXX9W9/Wallace.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{gruntzig_nonoperative_1979, title = {Nonoperative dilatation of coronary-artery stenosis}, volume = {301}, issn = {0028-4793}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197907123010201}, doi = {10.1056/NEJM197907123010201}, abstract = {IN 1964, Dotter and Judkins1 introduced the technic of transluminal angioplasty for the treatment of atherosclerotic obstruction of the femoral artery. Despite their enthusiasm, the technic has been largely ignored in the United States. In Europe, however, several physicians have used this technic to treat large numbers of patients.2 Because of the technical difficulties, complications and limited usefulness of transluminal angioplasty in the treatment of obstruction of the peripheral arteries, we sought to modify the original technic of Dotter and Judkins. A double-lumen dilatation catheter with a nonelastic balloon was developed.3 Such catheters have been used since February, 1974, in . . .}, number = {2}, urldate = {2014-12-24}, journal = {New England Journal of Medicine}, author = {Gr{\"u}ntzig, Andreas R. and Senning, {\r A}ke and Siegenthaler, Walter E.}, month = jul, year = {1979}, pmid = {449946}, pages = {61--68}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CK8G6AAH/NEJM197907123010201.html:text/html} } @article{langberg_catheter_1989, title = {Catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction with radiofrequency energy}, volume = {80}, issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539}, url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/80/6/1527}, doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.80.6.1527}, abstract = {Catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction using direct-current defibrillator discharges requires general anesthesia and may have serious side effects. Sixteen patients with drug-refractory supraventricular tachycardia underwent catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction using radiofrequency energy. A standard 7F quadripolar electrode catheter was positioned to record the largest unipolar His potential (580 +/- 640 microV) from the distal electrode. An electrocoagulator (Microvasive Bicap 4005) supplied continuous, unmodulated energy at 550 kHz. One to 14 applications of radiofrequency current were delivered between the distal electrode and a large-diameter chest wall electrode. Transient, mild chest discomfort was reported by seven of 16 patients. None had significant arrhythmias or blood pressure changes during radiofrequency ablation. Complete atrioventricular block was produced in nine of 16 patients and high-grade second-degree atrioventricular block was produced in one patient with radiofrequency current. Attenuated His bundle electrograms could still be recorded in the remaining six patients, four of whom underwent successful atrioventricular junctional ablation using direct-current shock during the same session. Atrioventricular block persisted in all 10 patients successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation during a mean follow-up of 4.2 months. Compared with a group of historic control subjects treated with direct-current shock ablation, the 10 patients successfully treated with radiofrequency current had significantly less creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme release (5.7 +/- 5.1 vs. 22 +/- 13 IU, p = 0.006). A junctional escape rhythm was present in all patients after radiofrequency-induced atrioventricular block. In contrast, three of 10 control patients had an idioventricular escape after direct current shock ablation, and four patients had no escape rhythm at all.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)}, language = {en}, number = {6}, urldate = {2015-01-10}, journal = {Circulation}, author = {Langberg, J. J. and Chin, M. C. and Rosenqvist, M. and Cockrell, J. and Dullet, N. and Hare, G. Van and Griffin, J. C. and Scheinman, M. M.}, month = dec, year = {1989}, pmid = {2598419}, pages = {1527--1535}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EWJ3RPGH/Langberg et al. - 1989 - Catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/737FCAKE/1527.html:text/html} } @article{cootes_active_1995, title = {Active shape models--{Their} training and application}, volume = {61}, issn = {1077-3142}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077314285710041}, doi = {10.1006/cviu.1995.1004}, abstract = {Model-based vision is firmly established as a robust approach to recognizing and locating known rigid objects in the presence of noise, clutter, and occlusion. It is more problematic to apply model-based methods to images of objects whose appearance can vary, though a number of approaches based on the use of flexible templates have been proposed. The problem with existing methods is that they sacrifice model specificity in order to accommodate variability, thereby compromising robustness during image interpretation. We argue that a model should only be able to deform in ways characteristic of the class of objects it represents. We describe a method for building models by learning patterns of variability from a training set of correctly annotated images. These models can be used for image search in an iterative refinement algorithm analogous to that employed by Active Contour Models (Snakes). The key difference is that our Active Shape Models can only deform to fit the data in ways consistent with the training set. We show several practical examples where we have built such models and used them to locate partially occluded objects in noisy, cluttered images.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2015-04-27}, journal = {Computer Vision and Image Understanding}, author = {Cootes, T. F. and Taylor, C. J. and Cooper, D. H. and Graham, J.}, month = jan, year = {1995}, pages = {38--59}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J9FVGBWI/Cootes et al. - 1995 - Active Shape Models-Their Training and Application.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XP3776AU/S1077314285710041.html:text/html} } @article{hattori_vascular_2003, title = {Vascular smooth muscle cell activation by {C}-reactive protein}, volume = {58}, issn = {0008-6363 (Print)}, number = {1}, journal = {Cardiovascular Research}, author = {Hattori, Y. and Matsumura, M. and Kasai, K.}, year = {2003}, keywords = {*JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, *Thiazolidinediones, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Chemokine CCL2/genetics/metabolism, C-Reactive Protein/*pharmacology, Enzyme Activation, Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/pharmacology, Indoles/pharmacology, Interleukin-6/metabolism, Male, MAP Kinase Kinase 4, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*drug effects/metabolism, NF-kappa B/*metabolism, Nitric Oxide/metabolism, Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics/metabolism, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Pyridines/pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism, RNA, Messenger/analysis, Thiazoles/pharmacology, Transcription Factor AP-1/*metabolism, Transcription Factors/metabolism}, pages = {186--95}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ICJMFTHC/Hattori-2003-Vascular smooth musc.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{skalen_subendothelial_2002, title = {Subendothelial retention of atherogenic lipoproteins in early atherosclerosis}, volume = {417}, issn = {0028-0836 (Print)}, number = {6890}, journal = {Nature}, author = {Skalen, K. and Gustafsson, M. and Rydberg, E. K. and Hulten, L. M. and Wiklund, O. and Innerarity, T. L. and Boren, J.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {Amino Acid Substitution, Animals, Aorta, Apolipoprotein B-100, Apolipoproteins B/blood/genetics/metabolism, Arteriosclerosis/*blood/etiology/*metabolism/pathology, Binding, Competitive, Cholesterol/blood/metabolism, Diet, Atherogenic, Endothelium, Vascular/*metabolism, Female, Humans, Lipoproteins/*blood/*metabolism, Lipoproteins, LDL/blood/genetics/metabolism, Macrophages/metabolism, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Models, Biological, Mutation, Receptors, LDL/blood/metabolism, Recombinant Proteins/metabolism, Triglycerides/blood/metabolism, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism}, pages = {750--4}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2VUEA45J/Skalen-2002-Subendothelial reten.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{papademetris_estimation_2002, title = {Estimation of 3-{D} left ventricular deformation from medical images using biomechanical models}, volume = {21}, issn = {0278-0062 (Print) 0278-0062 (Linking)}, number = {7}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging}, author = {Papademetris, X. and Sinusas, A. J. and Dione, D. P. and Constable, R. T. and Duncan, J. S.}, year = {2002}, keywords = {*Algorithms, *Models, Cardiovascular, *Pattern Recognition, Automated, Animals, Coronary Disease/physiopathology, Dogs, elasticity, finite element analysis, Heart Ventricles/*physiopathology, Humans, Image Enhancement/*methods, Imaging, Three-Dimensional/*methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/methods, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Stress, Mechanical}, pages = {786--800}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HKBHSB2X/est-3d-lv-deform.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{aronow_usefulness_1988, title = {Usefulness of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular tachycardia and complex ventricular arrhythmias in predicting ventricular fibrillation or sudden cardiac death in elderly patients}, volume = {62}, issn = {0002-9149}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T10-4C709HC-1BY/2/756a431516cd893ee5a13dbb216c42f1}, doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(88)90562-0}, abstract = {Echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is associated with an increased incidence of new coronary events.1-3 Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and complex ventricular arrhythmias associated with heart disease are independent risk factors for new cardiac events in elderly patients.4 We reported in a prospective study that VT was present in 30 of 196 elderly patients (15\%) with echocardiographic LV hypertrophy and in 23 of 358 patients (6\%) without LV hypertrophy (p {\textless}0.001).5 Complex ventricular arrhythmias occurred in 147 of 196 patients (75\%) with LV hypertrophy and in 157 of 358 patients (44\%) without LV hypertrophy (p {\textless}0.001).5 We are now reporting 27-month follow-up data correlating LV hypertrophy, VT and complex ventricular arrhythmias with development of primary ventricular fibrillation (VF) or sudden cardiac death in these 554 unselected patients older than 62 years in a long-term health care facility.}, number = {16}, urldate = {2010-10-22}, journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology}, author = {Aronow, Wilbert S. and Epstein, Stanley and Koenigsberg, Mordecai and Schwartz, Kenneth S.}, month = nov, year = {1988}, pages = {1124--1125}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U8EKMZJ8/Aronow et al. - 1988 - Usefulness of echocardiographic left ventricular h.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TJFT99KP/science.html:text/html} } @article{squara_voltage_, title = {Voltage mapping for delineating inexcitable dense scar in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation: {A} new endpoint for enhancing pulmonary vein isolation}, issn = {1547-5271}, shorttitle = {Voltage mapping for delineating inexcitable dense scar in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527114008005}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.07.027}, abstract = {AbstractBackground Characterization of left atrial (LA) scar using bipolar voltage (BiV) mapping is not well defined. We have previously shown that BiV range of 0.2-0.45 mV can identify chronic scar from prior pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Objective This study sought to determine BiV range that can identify atrial inexcitable dense scar (IDS) in patients acutely and chronically post PVI. Methods Thirty consecutive patients undergoing first (n=15) or redo PVI were included. LA shell was created using electroanatomic mapping and IDS was defined by inability to capture at 10mA@2ms in sinus rhythm, circumferentially at the edge of PVI related scar (<=5mm). At each pacing site, BiV amplitude and atrial capture were recorded. Results Overall, 837 pacing sites were assessed. BiV predicted IDS (ROC curve area=0.93 for 1st time PVI and 0.90 for redo PVI). In 1st time PVI, the best BiV to predict IDS was 0.45mV for the LPV-LAA ridge (Sensitivity 0.98, Specificity 1.0) and 0.2mV for the other localizations (Sensitivity 0.91, Specificity 0.86). In redo PVI, the best BiV to predict IDS was 0.2mV for the LPV-LAA ridge (Sensitivity 0.77, Specificity 1.0) and 0.15mV for the other locations (Sensitivity 0.81, Specificity 0.82). Conclusions BiV reproducibly identifies acute and chronic IDS using a cut-off of 0.2mV (0.45mV for LPV-LAA ridge) in patients undergoing initial PVI, and 0.15mV (0.2mV for LPV-LAA ridge) in redo PVI. IDS identified thus may be a rigorous tool for validating PVI.}, urldate = {2014-08-18}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Squara, Fabien and Frankel, David S. and Schaller, Robert and Kapa, Suraj and Chik, William W. and Callans, David J. and Marchlinski, Francis E. and Dixit, Sanjay}, keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, electroanatomic mapping, scar}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6KHV5U8E/Squara et al. - Voltage mapping for delineating inexcitable dense .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TJ4N8WFH/S1547527114008005.html:text/html} } @inproceedings{verhoek_comparing_2009, address = {Kingston, UK}, title = {Comparing appearance and edge information for myocardial segmentation of the left ventricle in 3D echocardiography using graph cuts}, booktitle = {13th {Medical} {Image} {Understanding} and {Analysis}}, author = {Verhoek, Michael and Rajpoot, Kashif and Blake, Andrew and Noble, J. Alison}, year = {2009}, file = {miua2009kmr.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/T7DUTW9Z/miua2009kmr.pdf:application/pdf} } @article{zhong_accuracy_2007, title = {On the accuracy of {CartoMerge} for guiding posterior left atrial ablation in man}, volume = {4}, issn = {1547-5271}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527107001117}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2007.01.033}, abstract = {Background Recent reports suggest that the CartoMerge system is useful for guiding human posterior left atrial (PLA) endocardial ablation. Objective To assess the accuracy of the CartoMerge system during PLA ablation. Methods Sixteen patients undergoing PLA catheter ablation were studied. In each patient, registration of preoperative computed tomographic (CT) and intraoperative electroanatomic left atrial images was performed to create CartoMerge images. Encircling of right and left pulmonary venous vestibules with ablation points was then performed guided solely by intracardiac echocardiography, with point locations saved on a CartoMerge image to which the operator was blinded. The accuracy of the CartoMerge image was then assessed by measuring the distance from the location of each ablation point on the image to its actual anatomic location. In five patients, accuracy of registration of each of three left atrial CT images (just prior to mitral valve opening, at end-diastasis, at end-atrial contraction) with the electroanatomic image was compared. In two patients, accuracy of registration using left atrial image data alone was compared with that which used both left atrial and thoracic aorta image data. Results In each patient, inaccuracy of the CartoMerge image was apparent, the magnitude of which was similar for right- and left-vestibule ablation points. Accuracy was significantly improved when the end-atrial contraction CT image was used for registration. The inclusion of thoracic aorta image data did not improve accuracy. Conclusions The CartoMerge system is inaccurate. Inaccuracy may be reduced by using CT and electroanatomic images obtained at the same point in the atrial mechanical cycle.}, number = {5}, urldate = {2015-01-13}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, author = {Zhong, Hua and Lacomis, Joan M. and Schwartzman, David}, month = may, year = {2007}, keywords = {Atrial, Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, electroanatomic mapping, Intracardiac echocardiography}, pages = {595--602}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GSRJINT7/Zhong et al. - 2007 - On the accuracy of CartoMerge for guiding posterio.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J34SP8AC/S1547527107001117.html:text/html} } @article{shibata_assessment_1999, title = {Assessment of coronary flow reserve with fast cine phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging: {Comparison} with measurement by {Doppler} guide wire}, volume = {10}, issn = {1522-2586}, number = {4}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}, author = {Shibata, Munehiro and Sakuma, Hajime and Isaka, Naoki and Takeda, Kan and Higgins, Charles B. and Nakano, Takeshi}, year = {1999}, pages = {563--568}, file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IJ3GAGW9/Shibata CoronaryFlowReserve.pdf:application/pdf} } ================================================ FILE: splitcolor.py ================================================ #!/usr/bin/env python # Python 2 and 3 compatible. # Python program to take a pdf file, and split it into color and black # and white part(s). Requires pdftk and one of gs and pdftoppm. # # Iain Murray, February 2010. # # Inspired by dvicoloursplit.py, Jeremy Sanders 2001, although written # from scratch. # # 2011-09-19 fixed bug with odd numbers of pages reported by Richard Shaw # 2012-06-11 tweaked to run in Python 3 as well as 2. ## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify ## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by ## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or ## (at your option) any later version. ## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ## but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ## GNU General Public License for more details. import os, os.path, sys, string, re, tempfile, shutil, getopt def a2b(x): """Turn ascii into bytes for Python 3, in way that works with Python 2""" try: return bytes(x) except: return bytes(x, 'ascii') def iscolorppm(filename): """Does the PPM file contain any non-grayscale colors?""" file = open(filename, 'rb') # Ugly: I read the whole file into RAM, and copy it needlessly a lot data = file.read() file.close() # PPM is a *very* liberal file format. It allows comments anywhere in the # header, even in the middle of tokens. comments_re = re.compile(a2b('^([^ \t\n]*)#[^\n]*\n')) split_re = re.compile(a2b('^([ \t\n]|#[^\n]*\n)+([^ \t\n#])')) tok_re = re.compile(a2b('^([^ \t\n]*)([ \t\n].*)'), re.DOTALL) toks = [] while len(toks) < 4: while split_re.match(data): data = split_re.sub(r'\2', data) while comments_re.match(data): data = comments_re.sub(r'\1', data) (tok, data) = tok_re.match(data).groups() toks.append(tok) magic = toks[0] (width, height, max_color) = map(int, toks[1:]) data = data[1:] if magic == b'P3': binary = False elif magic == b'P6': binary = True else: print("%s is not a valid PPM file" % filename) sys.exit(1) # Massage data so adjacent triples should have the same value in b/w images data_len = width*height*3 if binary: if int(max_color) > 255: # Untested. Each intensity is in two bytes. data_len *= 2 data = data[1:data_len:2] + data[:data_len:2] else: data = [int(x) for x in data.split()] if len(data) < data_len: print('PPM file is truncated?') sys.exit(1) triples = zip(data[0:data_len:3], data[1:data_len:3], data[2:data_len:3]) black_and_white = all((a==b and a==c for (a,b,c) in triples)) return not black_and_white def pdfcolorsplit(file, doublesided, merge, use_pdftoppm, verbose): # Work out which pages are color if verbose: print('Analyzing %s...' % file) tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix = 'pdfcs_') if use_pdftoppm: root = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'page') os.system('pdftoppm -r 20 "%s" "%s"' % (file, root)) else: gs_opts = '-sDEVICE=ppmraw -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dSAFE -r20' if not verbose: gs_opts += ' -q' os.system('gs ' + gs_opts + ' -sOutputFile="%s" "%s"' \ % (os.path.join(tmpdir, 'tmp%06d.ppm'), file)) PPMs = os.listdir(tmpdir) PPMs.sort() iscolor = [iscolorppm(os.path.join(tmpdir, x)) for x in PPMs] colorpagenos = [x+1 for x in range(len(iscolor)) if iscolor[x]] print('Color pages: %s' % colorpagenos) num_pages = len(iscolor) shutil.rmtree(tmpdir) if doublesided: # Treat as color those b/w pages that share a sheet with a color page iscolorpair = [x or y for (x,y) in zip(iscolor[::2], iscolor[1::2])] iscolor[:2*len(iscolorpair):2] = iscolorpair iscolor[1::2] = iscolorpair # Construct page range strings flips = [x for x in range(2,num_pages+1) if iscolor[x-1] != iscolor[x-2]] if not flips: if verbose: print('No splitting needs to be done, skipping %s' % file) return edges = [1] + flips + [num_pages+1] ranges = ['%d-%d' % (x,y-1) for (x,y) in zip(edges[:-1], edges[1:])] # Finally output split files if verbose: print('Outputing splits as new pdf files...') base_name = file if base_name.lower().endswith('.pdf'): base_name = base_name[:-4] suffixes = ['_bwsplit.pdf', '_colorsplit.pdf'] # jobs is a seq of (range, filename) pairs, e.g. ('1-3', 'colorbits.pdf') if merge: jobs = ((' '.join(ranges[0::2]), base_name + suffixes[iscolor[0]]),\ (' '.join(ranges[1::2]), base_name + suffixes[not iscolor[0]])) else: jobs = [(r, '%s_%03d%s' % (base_name,n+1,suffixes[(n+iscolor[0])%2])) \ for (n,r) in enumerate(ranges)] for (pages, name) in jobs: if verbose: print('pdftk "%s" cat %s output "%s"' % (file, pages, name)) os.system('pdftk "%s" cat %s output "%s"' % (file, pages, name)) def usage(): progname = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) print('Usage: %s [OPTIONS] ' % progname) print('') print('Splits PDF files into color and black and white sections.') print('') print('Options:') print(' -m option merges color and b/w parts to give two files.') print(' The default is to output numbered contiguous pieces') print(' that could easily be reassembled.') print(' -s option chooses simplex rather than duplex output') print(' -v verbose.') print(' -p Use pdftoppm rather than gs to detect color. Faster,') print(' but can get confused by hyperlinks that do not print.') def main(): try: opt_pairs, filenames = getopt.gnu_getopt(sys.argv[1:], "hvpms", ["help"]) except getopt.GetoptError as err: print(str(err)) usage() sys.exit(1) if opt_pairs: opts = list(zip(*opt_pairs))[0] else: opts = [] if ('-h' in opts) or ('--help' in opts) or (not filenames): usage() sys.exit() verbose = '-v' in opts use_pdftoppm = '-p' in opts merge = '-m' in opts doublesided = not ('-s' in opts) for file in filenames: pdfcolorsplit(file, doublesided, merge, use_pdftoppm, verbose) if __name__ == "__main__": main() ================================================ FILE: text/abbreviations.tex ================================================ % First parameter can be changed eg to "Glossary" or something. % Second parameter is the max length of bold terms. \begin{mclistof}{List of Abbreviations}{3.2cm} \item[1-D, 2-D] One- or two-dimensional, referring in this thesis to spatial dimensions in an image. \item[Otter] One of the finest of water mammals. \item[Hedgehog] Quite a nice prickly friend. \end{mclistof} ================================================ FILE: text/abstract.tex ================================================ Your abstract text goes here. Check your departmental regulations, but generally this should be less than 300 words. See the beginning of Chapter~\ref{ch:2-litreview} for more. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Pellentesque sit amet nibh volutpat, scelerisque nibh a, vehicula neque. Integer placerat nulla massa, et vestibulum velit dignissim id. Ut eget nisi elementum, consectetur nibh in, condimentum velit. Quisque sodales dui ut tempus mattis. Duis malesuada arcu at ligula egestas egestas. Phasellus interdum odio at sapien fringilla scelerisque. Mauris sagittis eleifend sapien, sit amet laoreet felis mollis quis. Pellentesque dui ante, finibus eget blandit sit amet, tincidunt eu neque. Vivamus rutrum dapibus ligula, ut imperdiet lectus tincidunt ac. Pellentesque ac lorem sed diam egestas lobortis. Suspendisse leo purus, efficitur mattis urna a, maximus molestie nisl. Aenean porta semper tortor a vestibulum. Suspendisse viverra facilisis lorem, non pretium erat lacinia a. Vestibulum tempus, quam vitae placerat porta, magna risus euismod purus, in viverra lorem dui at metus. Sed ac sollicitudin nunc. In maximus ipsum nunc, placerat maximus tortor gravida varius. Suspendisse pretium, lorem at porttitor rhoncus, nulla urna condimentum tortor, sed suscipit nisi metus ac risus. Aenean sit amet enim quis lorem tristique commodo vitae ut lorem. Duis vel tincidunt lacus. Sed massa velit, lacinia sed posuere vitae, malesuada vel ante. Praesent a rhoncus leo. Etiam sed rutrum enim. Pellentesque lobortis elementum augue, at suscipit justo malesuada at. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Praesent rhoncus convallis ex. Etiam commodo nunc ex, non consequat diam consectetur ut. Pellentesque vitae est nec enim interdum dapibus. Donec dapibus purus ipsum, eget tincidunt ex gravida eget. Donec luctus nisi eu fringilla mollis. Donec eget lobortis diam. Suspendisse finibus placerat dolor. Etiam ornare elementum ex ut vehicula. Donec accumsan mattis erat. Quisque cursus fringilla diam, eget placerat neque bibendum eu. Ut faucibus dui vitae dolor porta, at elementum ipsum semper. Sed ultrices dui non arcu pellentesque placerat. Etiam posuere malesuada turpis, nec malesuada tellus malesuada. ================================================ FILE: text/acknowledgements.tex ================================================ \subsection*{Personal} This is where you thank your advisor, colleagues, and family and friends. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vestibulum feugiat et est at accumsan. Praesent sed elit mattis, congue mi sed, porta ipsum. In non ullamcorper lacus. Quisque volutpat tempus ligula ac ultricies. Nam sed erat feugiat, elementum dolor sed, elementum neque. Aliquam eu iaculis est, a sollicitudin augue. Cras id lorem vel purus posuere tempor. Proin tincidunt, sapien non dictum aliquam, ex odio ornare mauris, ultrices viverra nisi magna in lacus. Fusce aliquet molestie massa, ut fringilla purus rutrum consectetur. Nam non nunc tincidunt, rutrum dui sit amet, ornare nunc. Donec cursus tortor vel odio molestie dignissim. Vivamus id mi erat. Duis porttitor diam tempor rutrum porttitor. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed condimentum venenatis consectetur. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean sit amet lectus nec tellus viverra ultrices vitae commodo nunc. Mauris at maximus arcu. Aliquam varius congue orci et ultrices. In non ipsum vel est scelerisque efficitur in at augue. Nullam rhoncus orci velit. Duis ultricies accumsan feugiat. Etiam consectetur ornare velit et eleifend. Suspendisse sed enim lacinia, pharetra neque ac, ultricies urna. Phasellus sit amet cursus purus. Quisque non odio libero. Etiam iaculis odio a ex volutpat, eget pulvinar augue mollis. Mauris nibh lorem, mollis quis semper quis, consequat nec metus. Etiam dolor mi, cursus a ipsum aliquam, eleifend venenatis ipsum. Maecenas tempus, nibh eget scelerisque feugiat, leo nibh lobortis diam, id laoreet purus dolor eu mauris. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nulla eget tortor eu arcu sagittis euismod fermentum id neque. In sit amet justo ligula. Donec rutrum ex a aliquet egestas. \subsection*{Institutional} If you want to separate out your thanks for funding and institutional support, I don't think there's any rule against it. Of course, you could also just remove the subsections and do one big traditional acknowledgement section. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut luctus tempor ex at pretium. Sed varius, mauris at dapibus lobortis, elit purus tempor neque, facilisis sollicitudin felis nunc a urna. Morbi mattis ante non augue blandit pulvinar. Quisque nec euismod mauris. Nulla et tellus eu nibh auctor malesuada quis imperdiet quam. Sed eget tincidunt velit. Cras molestie sem ipsum, at faucibus quam mattis vel. Quisque vel placerat orci, id tempor urna. Vivamus mollis, neque in aliquam consequat, dui sem volutpat lorem, sit amet tempor ipsum felis eget ante. Integer lacinia nulla vitae felis vulputate, at tincidunt ligula maximus. Aenean venenatis dolor ante, euismod ultrices nibh mollis ac. Ut malesuada aliquam urna, ac interdum magna malesuada posuere. ================================================ FILE: text/appendix-1.tex ================================================ \begin{savequote}[8cm] \textlatin{Cor animalium, fundamentum e\longs t vitæ, princeps omnium, Microco\longs mi Sol, a quo omnis vegetatio dependet, vigor omnis \& robur emanat.} The heart of animals is the foundation of their life, the sovereign of everything within them, the sun of their microcosm, that upon which all growth depends, from which all power proceeds. \qauthor{--- William Harvey \cite{harvey_exercitatio_1628}} \end{savequote} \chapter{\label{app:1-cardiophys}Review of Cardiac Physiology and Electrophysiology} \minitoc Appendices are just like chapters. Their sections and subsections get numbered and included in the table of contents; figures and equations and tables added up, etc. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed et dui sem. Aliquam dictum et ante ut semper. Donec sollicitudin sed quam at aliquet. Sed maximus diam elementum justo auctor, eget volutpat elit eleifend. Curabitur hendrerit ligula in erat feugiat, at rutrum risus suscipit. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Integer risus nulla, facilisis eget lacinia a, pretium mattis metus. Vestibulum aliquam varius ligula nec consectetur. Maecenas ac ipsum odio. Cras ac elit consequat, eleifend ipsum sodales, euismod nunc. Nam vitae tempor enim, sit amet eleifend nisi. Etiam at erat vel neque consequat. \section{Anatomy} \label{sec:anatomy} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Donec accumsan cursus neque. Pellentesque eget tempor turpis, quis malesuada dui. Proin egestas, sapien sit amet feugiat vulputate, nunc nibh mollis nunc, nec auctor turpis purus sed metus. Aenean consequat leo congue volutpat euismod. Vestibulum et vulputate nisl, at ultrices ligula. Cras pulvinar lacinia ipsum at bibendum. In ac augue ut ante mollis molestie in a arcu. Etiam vitae quam sollicitudin, luctus tortor eu, efficitur nunc. Vestibulum maximus, ante quis consequat sagittis, augue velit luctus odio, in scelerisque arcu magna id diam. Proin et mauris congue magna auctor pretium id sit amet felis. Maecenas sit amet lorem ipsum. Proin a risus diam. Integer tempus eget est condimentum faucibus. Suspendisse sem metus, consequat vel ante eget, porttitor maximus dui. Nunc dapibus tincidunt enim, non aliquam diam vehicula sed. Proin vel felis ut quam porta tempor. Vestibulum elit mi, dictum eget augue non, volutpat imperdiet eros. Praesent ac egestas neque, et vehicula felis. Pellentesque malesuada volutpat justo, id eleifend leo pharetra at. Pellentesque feugiat rutrum lobortis. Curabitur hendrerit erat porta massa tincidunt rutrum. Donec tincidunt facilisis luctus. Aliquam dapibus sodales consectetur. Suspendisse lacinia, ipsum sit amet elementum fermentum, nulla urna mattis erat, eu porta metus ipsum vel purus. Fusce eget sem nisl. Pellentesque dapibus, urna vitae tristique aliquam, purus leo gravida nunc, id faucibus ipsum magna aliquet ligula. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin sem lacus, rutrum eget efficitur sed, aliquam vel augue. Aliquam ut eros vitae sem cursus ultrices ut ornare urna. Nullam tempor porta enim, in pellentesque arcu commodo quis. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in faucibus. Curabitur maximus orci purus, ut molestie turpis pellentesque ut. Donec lacinia tristique ultricies. Proin dignissim risus ut dolor pulvinar mollis. Proin ac turpis vitae nibh finibus ullamcorper viverra quis felis. Mauris pellentesque neque diam, id feugiat diam vestibulum vitae. In suscipit dui eu libero ultrices, et sagittis nunc blandit. Aliquam at aliquet ex. Nullam molestie pulvinar ex vitae interdum. Praesent purus nunc, gravida id est consectetur, convallis elementum nulla. Praesent ex dolor, maximus eu facilisis at, viverra eget nulla. Donec ullamcorper ante nisi. Sed volutpat diam eros. Nullam egestas neque non tortor aliquet, sed pretium velit tincidunt. Aenean condimentum, est ac vestibulum mattis, quam augue congue augue, mattis ultrices nibh libero non ante. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean volutpat eros tortor, non convallis sapien blandit et. Maecenas faucibus nulla a magna posuere commodo. Nullam laoreet ante a turpis laoreet malesuada. Phasellus in varius sem. Vestibulum sagittis nibh sed tincidunt blandit. Donec aliquam accumsan odio sit amet lacinia. Integer in tellus diam. Vivamus varius massa leo, vitae ullamcorper metus pulvinar sed. Maecenas nec lorem ornare, elementum est quis, gravida massa. Suspendisse volutpat odio ex, ac ultrices leo ultrices vel. Sed sed convallis ipsum. Pellentesque euismod a nulla sed rhoncus. Sed vehicula urna vitae mi aliquet, non sodales lacus ullamcorper. Duis mattis justo turpis, id tempus est tempus eu. Curabitur vitae hendrerit ligula. Curabitur non pretium enim, in commodo ligula. Etiam commodo eget ligula a lacinia. Vestibulum laoreet ante tellus, vel congue sapien ornare in. Donec venenatis cursus velit vitae pulvinar. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Suspendisse in metus lectus. Pellentesque gravida dolor eget finibus imperdiet. Duis id molestie tortor. Mauris laoreet faucibus facilisis. Aliquam vitae dictum massa, sit amet dignissim lacus. Fusce eleifend tellus id ex consequat maximus. Donec ultrices ex ut turpis ornare, non molestie mi placerat. Nulla sit amet auctor nunc, sit amet euismod elit. Phasellus risus tellus, condimentum a metus et, venenatis tristique urna. Cras mattis felis eget ipsum fermentum egestas. Ut augue odio, venenatis id convallis vel, congue quis augue. Maecenas sed maximus est, posuere aliquet tortor. Ut condimentum egestas nisi eu porttitor. Ut mi turpis, posuere id lorem vel, elementum tempor arcu. Morbi nisl arcu, venenatis non metus ac, ullamcorper scelerisque justo. Nulla et accumsan lorem. Mauris aliquet dui sit amet libero aliquet, in ornare metus porttitor. Integer ultricies urna eu consequat ultrices. Maecenas a justo id purus ultricies posuere sed et quam. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Sed eleifend risus quis aliquet gravida. Nullam ac erat porta est bibendum dictum in a dolor. Nam eget turpis viverra, vulputate lectus eget, mattis ligula. Nam at tellus eget dui lobortis sodales et ut augue. In vestibulum diam eget mi cursus, ut tincidunt nulla pellentesque. Aliquam erat volutpat. Sed ultrices massa id ex mattis bibendum. Nunc augue magna, ornare at aliquet gravida, vehicula sed lorem. Quisque lobortis ipsum eu posuere eleifend. Duis bibendum cursus viverra. Nam venenatis elit leo, vitae feugiat quam aliquet sed. Cras velit est, tempus ac lorem sed, pharetra lobortis ipsum. Donec suscipit gravida interdum. Nunc non finibus est. Nullam turpis elit, tempus non ante. \section{Mechanical Cycle} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean tellus est, suscipit sed facilisis quis, malesuada at ipsum. Nam tristique urna quis quam iaculis, et mattis orci pretium. Praesent euismod elit vel metus commodo ultrices. Vestibulum et tincidunt ex, in molestie ex. Donec ullamcorper sollicitudin accumsan. Etiam ac leo turpis. Duis a tortor felis. Nullam sollicitudin eu purus ac hendrerit. Nam hendrerit ligula libero, eget finibus orci bibendum a. Aenean ut ipsum magna. Ut viverra, sapien sed accumsan blandit, nisi sem tempus tellus, at suscipit magna erat ornare nunc. Proin lacinia, nisi ut rutrum malesuada, nibh quam pellentesque nunc, sit amet consectetur purus felis ac tortor. Suspendisse lacinia ipsum eu sapien pellentesque mattis. Mauris ipsum nunc, placerat non diam vel, efficitur laoreet nunc. Sed lobortis, ipsum eget gravida facilisis, sem nulla viverra mi, in placerat eros sem viverra lacus. Aliquam porta aliquet diam vel commodo. Nulla facilisi. Duis erat libero, lobortis vel hendrerit vitae, sagittis id dui. Nulla pretium eros nec quam tincidunt, vel luctus mi aliquam. Integer imperdiet purus in est tristique venenatis. Ut pellentesque, nunc vitae iaculis ultricies, urna turpis dignissim risus, a laoreet felis magna nec erat. Quisque sollicitudin faucibus ligula, et egestas nibh dictum sit amet. Proin eu mi a lectus congue pretium eu quis arcu. Suspendisse vehicula libero eu ipsum aliquam, vel elementum nibh mattis. Sed sed sapien vitae turpis tristique pulvinar a ut metus. Etiam semper gravida est, mollis gravida est porta ac. Proin eget tincidunt erat. Maecenas ultrices erat eget purus ultricies, ut lacinia arcu dictum. Nam et nisi sit amet ex congue mattis vel eget lorem. Aliquam erat volutpat. Pellentesque porttitor nibh vitae elementum consectetur. Aenean et est lobortis, congue sapien non, ullamcorper sapien. Ut facilisis sem non dapibus vehicula. Mauris euismod odio dolor, sit amet gravida mauris placerat et. Curabitur nec dolor non nibh molestie lobortis dignissim non ante. Nullam rutrum lobortis ultrices. Aenean ex erat, elementum sed maximus id, posuere id quam. Proin rutrum ex elit, pretium aliquam risus finibus at. Aenean egestas orci velit, sed aliquet sapien condimentum a. Duis consequat, arcu eu viverra venenatis, dolor lorem gravida lectus, non aliquet nisi sem at augue. Donec laoreet blandit luctus. Aenean vehicula nisl vel faucibus luctus. Sed ut semper velit, vitae laoreet magna. Sed at interdum magna. Sed iaculis faucibus odio, eu aliquam purus efficitur vel. Cras at nulla ac enim congue varius ut et nulla. Integer blandit mattis augue. \section{Electrical Cycle} \label{sec:electcycle} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. In faucibus condimentum rhoncus. Ut dictum nisl id risus gravida lobortis. Sed vehicula mollis tellus ut varius. Fusce eget egestas dui, et commodo dui. Proin sollicitudin interdum tempus. Nullam in elit a enim fringilla bibendum. Vestibulum sodales pellentesque condimentum. Nulla facilisi. Nunc et dolor in nulla eleifend dictum at vel ligula. Aliquam ut velit non elit ullamcorper porta ac et ex. Fusce ornare magna non nunc vestibulum, eget molestie quam dictum. In interdum aliquam odio, in posuere tellus convallis quis. Curabitur non diam elit. Proin vulputate orci diam, a tincidunt ante luctus eu. Ut a viverra ligula. Curabitur pulvinar tempus tellus eget suscipit. Aliquam posuere massa at ante dapibus congue. Curabitur ullamcorper tortor eget consectetur aliquet. Mauris tempor magna id mauris fringilla, a varius erat blandit. Nam eleifend ullamcorper placerat. Phasellus augue tortor, volutpat bibendum lorem nec, fringilla volutpat nisl. Mauris cursus urna metus, vel eleifend orci iaculis ut. Sed sit amet scelerisque massa, quis consequat dui. Donec semper sem dui, ac placerat velit egestas vel. Nulla facilisi. Quisque tellus eros, sagittis malesuada augue ut, faucibus dictum nulla. Vestibulum non dapibus erat, ut consequat libero. Ut turpis mi, dapibus commodo libero lobortis, maximus vestibulum lectus. Vestibulum sit amet sapien dapibus, tincidunt leo in, suscipit arcu. Sed in erat bibendum, laoreet eros eu, pellentesque justo. Nulla sodales purus neque, eget maximus ipsum consequat at. Maecenas a nisl sagittis, tempus ipsum sed, dictum mauris. Suspendisse posuere odio lacus, at auctor tortor vehicula sed. Phasellus suscipit ornare enim vitae placerat. Sed viverra purus vel sapien tempor, quis iaculis erat laoreet. Aenean vel nunc vestibulum, ornare nunc ac, mollis urna. Aenean ultrices felis ipsum, ac semper est ullamcorper in. Donec in justo varius, egestas tortor ut, venenatis augue. Duis mattis, ligula quis lacinia fringilla, tellus neque accumsan ipsum, vitae tempor metus elit vel nibh. Curabitur porttitor urna nec sapien tempor, et porttitor velit malesuada. Suspendisse aliquam nisl quis placerat vulputate. Proin dapibus ipsum ac ante sagittis, volutpat auctor sem dapibus. Nam in facilisis odio. Integer ante mauris, eleifend et pulvinar in, venenatis quis ligula. Phasellus posuere sollicitudin tortor eget euismod. Maecenas mollis tortor eget justo vulputate sagittis. Etiam hendrerit massa quis ex molestie sodales. Quisque facilisis erat lacus, id convallis sem suscipit bibendum. Integer dui urna, pharetra sed porta sed, bibendum ut odio. Donec placerat at lectus egestas consequat. Sed id rhoncus est, vitae vulputate sapien. Fusce tempus quam lorem, id ornare turpis sodales sed. Integer aliquet urna eget condimentum consequat. Vestibulum quis dui vel ligula posuere luctus id nec turpis. Nam vitae placerat lacus. Mauris scelerisque interdum volutpat. Nunc aliquet tristique enim, sit amet molestie felis ullamcorper vitae. Nullam sollicitudin orci orci, in condimentum tellus consectetur in. Nam id justo justo. Fusce eget finibus est. Proin id tortor nec quam cursus vehicula. Aliquam ultrices eros eros, a tincidunt elit eleifend auctor. Nullam consectetur dapibus ligula sit amet efficitur. Nunc non posuere sapien. Vivamus dui nisl, aliquam id ipsum non, pulvinar ornare neque. Nunc rhoncus pretium congue. Fusce id laoreet enim. Cras sed massa in eros bibendum auctor in nec sem. Nam commodo, velit id porta consequat, mi arcu gravida lorem, ut aliquam elit ante quis dui. Quisque in massa sed nibh blandit dictum. Vestibulum molestie consectetur porttitor. Donec tincidunt vel orci at pharetra. Nullam id felis sit amet nulla tempus lacinia. Integer egestas ullamcorper massa, ut ultricies diam congue sit amet. Cras sit amet velit at nibh vehicula finibus a et lorem. Cras odio metus, venenatis ut ultrices non, ornare ac orci. Morbi et nulla dui. Mauris dictum molestie nibh, eu efficitur lorem accumsan quis. \section{Cellular Electromechanical Coupling} \label{sec:electromech} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nullam vitae consectetur metus, ac maximus ex. Quisque vitae ex eu lectus ultricies consequat vel non lorem. Etiam odio ipsum, tempus ut lobortis in, molestie ac leo. Vivamus mollis feugiat bibendum. Vestibulum eget venenatis quam. Aenean faucibus, massa sed ullamcorper porta, arcu nunc iaculis velit, quis consectetur purus neque placerat nibh. Vestibulum elit nunc, dignissim vulputate venenatis et, sodales non massa. Proin leo ligula, vehicula eu aliquam varius, posuere a dolor. Donec iaculis auctor neque, sit amet gravida libero porta vel. Vivamus consequat elementum lacus, at bibendum mauris egestas nec. Fusce fermentum diam eu dolor ornare, vitae vestibulum leo interdum. Morbi luctus libero quis dictum laoreet. Etiam semper porta ante, vel ullamcorper enim sodales quis. Nullam eu nisi faucibus, fermentum ex auctor, tempor arcu. Phasellus condimentum erat mi, condimentum malesuada ligula congue venenatis. Nullam gravida imperdiet urna quis cursus. Ut tempus nec purus eget posuere. Cras non nulla sit amet justo aliquet pellentesque nec sed eros. Nam aliquam nisl urna, in placerat magna gravida venenatis. Donec interdum vel magna ullamcorper molestie. Nunc felis neque, rhoncus fringilla faucibus sit amet, ultrices sed magna. Maecenas malesuada hendrerit diam in ultrices. Nam libero urna, volutpat ut auctor eget, interdum sed odio. Vestibulum suscipit mauris nec augue ornare, ut eleifend nulla gravida. Proin imperdiet, mauris quis consectetur porta, leo dui convallis leo, id lobortis massa diam eu libero. Aenean hendrerit vel ante aliquam venenatis. Pellentesque bibendum pretium odio, ut sagittis lectus feugiat a. Donec porttitor vulputate lacus. Nunc volutpat efficitur lacus in aliquet. Nullam non iaculis diam, at ultrices diam. Proin vehicula vulputate cursus. Morbi tempus sapien id urna lobortis interdum. Maecenas elementum sagittis elementum. Donec at sodales velit, a posuere tortor. Nulla id hendrerit tortor. Sed semper velit in magna sagittis pulvinar. Nulla nec arcu molestie, ultricies sapien sit amet, sollicitudin nisi. Donec nisi massa, suscipit ut dignissim quis, lacinia id leo. Suspendisse ut mi metus. Morbi tincidunt ligula in porttitor consectetur. Integer eu urna urna. Suspendisse potenti. Mauris sit amet felis eu diam auctor ullamcorper. Morbi in porta nisi. Nam ante tortor, venenatis vitae tempor sed, sagittis vitae velit. In semper orci sit amet nisi ullamcorper varius. Aenean dignissim ultrices imperdiet. Maecenas lacinia enim id neque porttitor iaculis. Curabitur laoreet ante ut urna dignissim, id sollicitudin metus consectetur. Aenean massa ipsum, auctor vel ante vel, blandit dignissim libero. Fusce interdum ac magna et interdum. ================================================ FILE: text/ch1-intro.tex ================================================ \begin{savequote}[8cm] \textlatin{Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit...} There is no one who loves pain itself, who seeks after it and wants to have it, simply because it is pain... \qauthor{--- Cicero's \textit{de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum}} \end{savequote} \chapter{\label{ch:1-intro}Introduction} \minitoc \section{Motivation} The rapid advance of minimally-invasive cardiac procedures promises improvements in patient safety, procedure efficacy, and access to treatment. While percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become routine and highly effective \cite{bravata_systematic_2007}, catheter procedures in areas such as electrophysiology (EP) and valve replacement are still coming of age. This progress is driven by demographics and the improvement in general cardiac care, as patients surviving initial cardiac events go on to require treatment for sequelae \cite{foot_demographics_2000}. The growing need for advanced treatment is being answered by developments in catheter technology and procedures. These tools are continually advancing to access and manipulate an ever-broader range of anatomy \cite{sousa_new_2005}. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Maecenas sagittis dolor at nulla feugiat, vitae iaculis est rutrum. Mauris eu sem eros. Sed id faucibus urna. In egestas eros et sapien egestas imperdiet. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Phasellus vitae varius tortor. Mauris nec sollicitudin enim. Suspendisse molestie leo nec mauris molestie, nec imperdiet magna vehicula. Phasellus sodales tortor dui, a lacinia turpis congue at. Pellentesque mattis dui non libero commodo, at accumsan ex ultrices. Integer eget ex eget dui cursus euismod et accumsan felis. Nullam laoreet sodales dui, ut finibus elit varius a. Sed elementum orci quis libero ullamcorper, eget egestas enim convallis. Sed nibh libero, tincidunt ultricies nibh quis, lobortis placerat mauris. Maecenas at laoreet risus, nec dictum libero. Donec accumsan, orci eu tempus mattis, nisl arcu auctor turpis, ac sollicitudin justo orci nec nulla. Nam eget sem sed ligula vehicula iaculis. In non arcu a nisl interdum gravida. Nam egestas erat non turpis sagittis vestibulum. Praesent est metus, facilisis eu commodo sed, sagittis et est. Duis scelerisque luctus erat, elementum pulvinar felis bibendum a. Morbi hendrerit rhoncus consectetur. Vestibulum nec odio finibus, blandit turpis eget, dignissim orci. Curabitur eu ligula auctor, porttitor nulla non, maximus turpis. Nunc sed quam at est varius interdum eu vitae odio. Vestibulum egestas dapibus nulla sit amet fermentum. Vestibulum ut neque urna. Ut nec odio lobortis, ultricies nulla quis, ultricies tellus. Nam ac iaculis sapien. Vivamus vitae risus id tortor interdum pellentesque. Quisque lorem lectus, sagittis vel metus et, sagittis finibus justo. Curabitur pulvinar odio tellus, eu vehicula est dictum eget. Morbi sed justo justo. Vivamus enim nibh, facilisis pretium luctus quis, ullamcorper quis ipsum. Pellentesque a mi a elit euismod malesuada. Vestibulum interdum est vel orci tincidunt auctor. Nunc tristique nulla nec blandit fermentum. Maecenas id libero ut justo dictum sodales. Nullam justo sapien, dignissim vel enim at, porta pharetra metus. Integer euismod quam eget ligula gravida euismod. Pellentesque commodo, quam sit amet bibendum tempor, nisi odio varius mauris, et accumsan justo ex sed nunc. Cras bibendum nibh ac dolor volutpat, non elementum orci pulvinar. Maecenas et porttitor nulla. Suspendisse sapien massa, dapibus at blandit et, rhoncus suscipit velit. Fusce molestie, velit eget sagittis suscipit, est libero aliquam libero, in iaculis mi tellus ac nunc. \section{Contribution} Sed in rhoncus lectus. Mauris vulputate purus non malesuada pulvinar. Curabitur ullamcorper hendrerit elit, id vulputate libero sagittis vel. Pellentesque ac faucibus est. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos. Integer venenatis, nisl eleifend pellentesque consequat, sem tortor malesuada ante, ut tincidunt elit tortor sit amet nunc. Cras vehicula ipsum sit amet dui rutrum ultrices. Integer eu eleifend odio. Praesent tempor, libero id ullamcorper euismod, lectus diam lobortis mauris, id venenatis arcu sem vitae purus. Pellentesque luctus tristique metus quis mollis. Praesent ullamcorper neque velit, sed iaculis est convallis sit amet. Quisque nec massa ut magna lobortis imperdiet. Quisque rhoncus purus eget mollis aliquet. Donec vehicula viverra nisl, sed posuere turpis vulputate non. Donec malesuada, eros id interdum volutpat, ipsum orci luctus quam, non pulvinar urna ipsum eget purus. Nam hendrerit condimentum tristique. Proin metus velit, tempor at fringilla non, dictum eu felis. Proin volutpat enim ut fermentum aliquam. Nam dictum nisi eu nisl viverra fermentum. Pellentesque tristique arcu non orci congue faucibus. Fusce sit amet nisl fringilla, feugiat turpis vitae, eleifend ante. Suspendisse elementum, lectus non pulvinar bibendum, lectus massa faucibus turpis, vitae porta risus sem quis metus. Maecenas id sapien et dui lobortis imperdiet nec eu mi. Quisque porttitor tincidunt nisi, eget sagittis orci. Nunc mattis erat malesuada facilisis viverra. Maecenas sodales iaculis nisi vel tincidunt. Morbi aliquet nibh ac facilisis consectetur. In ultrices libero quis massa porttitor cursus. Quisque suscipit ac tortor eget aliquet. Ut eget lacus vel orci viverra maximus at at purus. Nam massa neque, varius nec suscipit id, cursus ac mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Vivamus facilisis nunc quis dictum consectetur. Sed congue sed magna non auctor. Vestibulum accumsan sit amet erat non congue. Sed at condimentum mi, sed scelerisque urna. Etiam tristique pulvinar rutrum. Donec semper nulla vitae rutrum semper. Maecenas ultrices nibh at orci sodales tincidunt sit amet vitae arcu. Curabitur interdum tincidunt ipsum, nec tincidunt nunc dapibus in. Nunc sit amet elementum massa, ut ornare lacus. Vivamus convallis fringilla erat, non suscipit sapien convallis eu. Nunc viverra lectus sit amet turpis viverra, eget iaculis purus rhoncus. Morbi eu lectus arcu. Sed fringilla dui ut magna commodo, a malesuada ante pellentesque. Donec ornare facilisis pellentesque. Nulla vitae fringilla velit. Nunc id tellus nisl. Maecenas pretium elit lectus, nec consectetur nunc vulputate et. Sed facilisis magna nec gravida hendrerit. Sed a cursus nisl, in rhoncus massa. Curabitur ut nibh interdum, tempor risus vel, scelerisque nibh. Mauris quis ipsum sed risus tempor convallis ut a eros. ================================================ FILE: text/ch2-litreview.tex ================================================ \begin{savequote}[8cm] Alles Gescheite ist schon gedacht worden.\\ Man muss nur versuchen, es noch einmal zu denken. All intelligent thoughts have already been thought;\\ what is necessary is only to try to think them again. \qauthor{--- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe \cite{von_goethe_wilhelm_1829}} \end{savequote} \chapter{\label{ch:2-litreview}Background} \minitoc \section{Introduction} This document introduction won't serve as a complete primer on \LaTeX. There are plenty of those online, and googling your questions will often get you answers, especially from \url{http://tex.stackexchange.com}. Instead, let's talk a little about a few of the features and packages lumped into this template situation. The \verb|savequote| environment at the beginning of chapters can add some wittiness to your thesis. If you don't like the quotes, just remove that block. For when it comes time to do corrections, there are two useful commands here. First, the \verb|mccorrect| command allows you to highlight a short correction \mccorrect{like this one}. When the thesis is typeset normally, the correction will just appear as part of the text. However, when you declare \verb|\correctionstrue| in the main \verb|Oxford_Thesis.tex| file, that correction will be highlighted in blue. That might be useful for submitting a post-viva, corrected copy to your examiners so they can quickly verify you've completed the task. \begin{mccorrection} For larger chunks, like this paragraph or indeed entire figures, you can use the \verb|mccorrection| environment. This environment highlights paragraph-sized and larger blocks with the same blue colour. \end{mccorrection} Read through the \verb|Oxford_Thesis.tex| file to see the various options for one- and two-sided printing, including or excluding the separate abstract page, and turning corrections and draft footer on or off, and the separate option to centre your text on the page (for PDF submission) or offset it (for binding). There is also a separate option for master's degree submissions, which changes identifying information to candidate number and includes a word count. (Unfortunately, \LaTeX has a hard time doing word counts automatically, so you'll have to enter the count manually if you require this.) \section{Cardiac Imaging}\label{app:imaging} Within months of Röntgen's discovery of the X-ray in \mccorrect{1895}\cite{gagliardi_rontgen_1996}, cardiac pathology was being investigated via non-invasive imaging \cite{gagliardi_cardiac_1996}. Over the intervening years, cardiac imaging modalities and techniques have advanced significantly. Clinically, cardiac imaging is used for two broad purposes: diagnosis of pathophysiology and guidance of interventional procedures. These applications impose different requirements on imaging equipment, image acquisition time, computational complexity, spatial and temporal resolution, and tissue discrimination. The common diagnostic and interventional cardiac imaging techniques in current clinical practice are reviewed below. An accessible introduction to the physics of medical imaging can be found in Webb's \textit{Introduction to Biomedical Imaging} \cite{webb_introduction_2002}. A comprehensive overview of the use of imaging in clinical cardiology is presented in Leeson's \textit{Cardiovascular Imaging} \cite{leeson_cardiovascular_2011}. \subsection{Diagnostic Imaging} \label{sub:diagnostic} Beyond the chest X-ray (`plain film'), the key non-invasive imaging modalities in diagnostic cardiology are echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and X-ray computed tomography, which are reviewed below. Nuclear medicine, including positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), are not discussed here, as they do not play a role in the chapters to follow. \subsubsection{Echocardiography} \begin{figure} \centering\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{figures/sample/Gray498.png} \caption[Four-chamber illustration of the human heart.]{Four-chamber illustration of the human heart. Clockwise from upper-left: right atrium, left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle.} \label{fig:fourchamber}\end{figure} The use of acoustic waves for medical diagnosis, inspired by naval sonar, was initially developed in the 1940s \cite{gagliardi_ultrasonography_1996}. By 1954, the first clinically useful cardiac ultrasound -- examining motion of the mitral valve in stenosis -- was reported \cite{edler_ultrasonic_1957}. These early scans were one-dimensional images (`A-mode'), sometimes repeated to generate a time axis (`M-mode'). The sector-scanning probe was developed in the 1970s \cite{bom_ultrasonic_1971,griffith_sector_1974}, leading to the `B-mode' that a modern cardiologist would recognise as an echocardiogram.