" % (
self.months, self.days, self.microseconds)
def __eq__(self, other):
return other is not None and isinstance(other, Interval) and \
self.months == other.months and self.days == other.days and \
self.microseconds == other.microseconds
def __neq__(self, other):
return not self.__eq__(other)
class PGType(object):
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
def encode(self, encoding):
return str(self.value).encode(encoding)
class PGEnum(PGType):
def __init__(self, value):
if isinstance(value, str):
self.value = value
else:
self.value = value.value
class PGJson(PGType):
def encode(self, encoding):
return dumps(self.value).encode(encoding)
class PGJsonb(PGType):
def encode(self, encoding):
return dumps(self.value).encode(encoding)
class PGTsvector(PGType):
pass
class PGVarchar(str):
pass
class PGText(str):
pass
def pack_funcs(fmt):
struc = Struct('!' + fmt)
return struc.pack, struc.unpack_from
i_pack, i_unpack = pack_funcs('i')
h_pack, h_unpack = pack_funcs('h')
q_pack, q_unpack = pack_funcs('q')
d_pack, d_unpack = pack_funcs('d')
f_pack, f_unpack = pack_funcs('f')
iii_pack, iii_unpack = pack_funcs('iii')
ii_pack, ii_unpack = pack_funcs('ii')
qii_pack, qii_unpack = pack_funcs('qii')
dii_pack, dii_unpack = pack_funcs('dii')
ihihih_pack, ihihih_unpack = pack_funcs('ihihih')
ci_pack, ci_unpack = pack_funcs('ci')
bh_pack, bh_unpack = pack_funcs('bh')
cccc_pack, cccc_unpack = pack_funcs('cccc')
min_int2, max_int2 = -2 ** 15, 2 ** 15
min_int4, max_int4 = -2 ** 31, 2 ** 31
min_int8, max_int8 = -2 ** 63, 2 ** 63
class Warning(Exception):
"""Generic exception raised for important database warnings like data
truncations. This exception is not currently used by pg8000.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class Error(Exception):
"""Generic exception that is the base exception of all other error
exceptions.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class InterfaceError(Error):
"""Generic exception raised for errors that are related to the database
interface rather than the database itself. For example, if the interface
attempts to use an SSL connection but the server refuses, an InterfaceError
will be raised.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class DatabaseError(Error):
"""Generic exception raised for errors that are related to the database.
This exception is currently never raised by pg8000.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class DataError(DatabaseError):
"""Generic exception raised for errors that are due to problems with the
processed data. This exception is not currently raised by pg8000.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class OperationalError(DatabaseError):
"""
Generic exception raised for errors that are related to the database's
operation and not necessarily under the control of the programmer. This
exception is currently never raised by pg8000.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class IntegrityError(DatabaseError):
"""
Generic exception raised when the relational integrity of the database is
affected. This exception is not currently raised by pg8000.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class InternalError(DatabaseError):
"""Generic exception raised when the database encounters an internal error.
This is currently only raised when unexpected state occurs in the pg8000
interface itself, and is typically the result of a interface bug.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class ProgrammingError(DatabaseError):
"""Generic exception raised for programming errors. For example, this
exception is raised if more parameter fields are in a query string than
there are available parameters.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class NotSupportedError(DatabaseError):
"""Generic exception raised in case a method or database API was used which
is not supported by the database.
This exception is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
pass
class ArrayContentNotSupportedError(NotSupportedError):
"""
Raised when attempting to transmit an array where the base type is not
supported for binary data transfer by the interface.
"""
pass
class ArrayContentNotHomogenousError(ProgrammingError):
"""
Raised when attempting to transmit an array that doesn't contain only a
single type of object.
"""
pass
class ArrayDimensionsNotConsistentError(ProgrammingError):
"""
Raised when attempting to transmit an array that has inconsistent
multi-dimension sizes.
"""
pass
class Bytea(binary_type):
"""Bytea is a str-derived class that is mapped to a PostgreSQL byte array.
This class is only used in Python 2, the built-in ``bytes`` type is used in
Python 3.
"""
pass
def Date(year, month, day):
"""Constuct an object holding a date value.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:rtype: :class:`datetime.date`
"""
return date(year, month, day)
def Time(hour, minute, second):
"""Construct an object holding a time value.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:rtype: :class:`datetime.time`
"""
return time(hour, minute, second)
def Timestamp(year, month, day, hour, minute, second):
"""Construct an object holding a timestamp value.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:rtype: :class:`datetime.datetime`
"""
return Datetime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second)
def DateFromTicks(ticks):
"""Construct an object holding a date value from the given ticks value
(number of seconds since the epoch).
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:rtype: :class:`datetime.date`
"""
return Date(*localtime(ticks)[:3])
def TimeFromTicks(ticks):
"""Construct an objet holding a time value from the given ticks value
(number of seconds since the epoch).
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:rtype: :class:`datetime.time`
"""
return Time(*localtime(ticks)[3:6])
def TimestampFromTicks(ticks):
"""Construct an object holding a timestamp value from the given ticks value
(number of seconds since the epoch).
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:rtype: :class:`datetime.datetime`
"""
return Timestamp(*localtime(ticks)[:6])
def Binary(value):
"""Construct an object holding binary data.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:rtype: :class:`pg8000.types.Bytea` for Python 2, otherwise :class:`bytes`
"""
if PY2:
return Bytea(value)
else:
return value
if PY2:
BINARY = Bytea
else:
BINARY = bytes
FC_TEXT = 0
FC_BINARY = 1
BINARY_SPACE = b(" ")
DDL_COMMANDS = b("ALTER"), b("CREATE")
def convert_paramstyle(style, query):
# I don't see any way to avoid scanning the query string char by char,
# so we might as well take that careful approach and create a
# state-based scanner. We'll use int variables for the state.
OUTSIDE = 0 # outside quoted string
INSIDE_SQ = 1 # inside single-quote string '...'
INSIDE_QI = 2 # inside quoted identifier "..."
INSIDE_ES = 3 # inside escaped single-quote string, E'...'
INSIDE_PN = 4 # inside parameter name eg. :name
INSIDE_CO = 5 # inside inline comment eg. --
in_quote_escape = False
in_param_escape = False
placeholders = []
output_query = []
param_idx = map(lambda x: "$" + str(x), count(1))
state = OUTSIDE
prev_c = None
for i, c in enumerate(query):
if i + 1 < len(query):
next_c = query[i + 1]
else:
next_c = None
if state == OUTSIDE:
if c == "'":
output_query.append(c)
if prev_c == 'E':
state = INSIDE_ES
else:
state = INSIDE_SQ
elif c == '"':
output_query.append(c)
state = INSIDE_QI
elif c == '-':
output_query.append(c)
if prev_c == '-':
state = INSIDE_CO
elif style == "qmark" and c == "?":
output_query.append(next(param_idx))
elif style == "numeric" and c == ":":
output_query.append("$")
elif style == "named" and c == ":":
state = INSIDE_PN
placeholders.append('')
elif style == "pyformat" and c == '%' and next_c == "(":
state = INSIDE_PN
placeholders.append('')
elif style in ("format", "pyformat") and c == "%":
style = "format"
if in_param_escape:
in_param_escape = False
output_query.append(c)
else:
if next_c == "%":
in_param_escape = True
elif next_c == "s":
state = INSIDE_PN
output_query.append(next(param_idx))
else:
raise InterfaceError(
"Only %s and %% are supported in the query.")
else:
output_query.append(c)
elif state == INSIDE_SQ:
if c == "'":
if in_quote_escape:
in_quote_escape = False
else:
if next_c == "'":
in_quote_escape = True
else:
state = OUTSIDE
output_query.append(c)
elif state == INSIDE_QI:
if c == '"':
state = OUTSIDE
output_query.append(c)
elif state == INSIDE_ES:
if c == "'" and prev_c != "\\":
# check for escaped single-quote
state = OUTSIDE
output_query.append(c)
elif state == INSIDE_PN:
if style == 'named':
placeholders[-1] += c
if next_c is None or (not next_c.isalnum() and next_c != '_'):
state = OUTSIDE
try:
pidx = placeholders.index(placeholders[-1], 0, -1)
output_query.append("$" + str(pidx + 1))
del placeholders[-1]
except ValueError:
output_query.append("$" + str(len(placeholders)))
elif style == 'pyformat':
if prev_c == ')' and c == "s":
state = OUTSIDE
try:
pidx = placeholders.index(placeholders[-1], 0, -1)
output_query.append("$" + str(pidx + 1))
del placeholders[-1]
except ValueError:
output_query.append("$" + str(len(placeholders)))
elif c in "()":
pass
else:
placeholders[-1] += c
elif style == 'format':
state = OUTSIDE
elif state == INSIDE_CO:
output_query.append(c)
if c == '\n':
state = OUTSIDE
prev_c = c
if style in ('numeric', 'qmark', 'format'):
def make_args(vals):
return vals
else:
def make_args(vals):
return tuple(vals[p] for p in placeholders)
return ''.join(output_query), make_args
EPOCH = Datetime(2000, 1, 1)
EPOCH_TZ = EPOCH.replace(tzinfo=utc)
EPOCH_SECONDS = timegm(EPOCH.timetuple())
INFINITY_MICROSECONDS = 2 ** 63 - 1
MINUS_INFINITY_MICROSECONDS = -1 * INFINITY_MICROSECONDS - 1
# data is 64-bit integer representing microseconds since 2000-01-01
def timestamp_recv_integer(data, offset, length):
micros = q_unpack(data, offset)[0]
try:
return EPOCH + Timedelta(microseconds=micros)
except OverflowError:
if micros == INFINITY_MICROSECONDS:
return 'infinity'
elif micros == MINUS_INFINITY_MICROSECONDS:
return '-infinity'
else:
return micros
# data is double-precision float representing seconds since 2000-01-01
def timestamp_recv_float(data, offset, length):
return Datetime.utcfromtimestamp(EPOCH_SECONDS + d_unpack(data, offset)[0])
# data is 64-bit integer representing microseconds since 2000-01-01
def timestamp_send_integer(v):
return q_pack(
int((timegm(v.timetuple()) - EPOCH_SECONDS) * 1e6) + v.microsecond)
# data is double-precision float representing seconds since 2000-01-01
def timestamp_send_float(v):
return d_pack(timegm(v.timetuple()) + v.microsecond / 1e6 - EPOCH_SECONDS)
def timestamptz_send_integer(v):
# timestamps should be sent as UTC. If they have zone info,
# convert them.
return timestamp_send_integer(v.astimezone(utc).replace(tzinfo=None))
def timestamptz_send_float(v):
# timestamps should be sent as UTC. If they have zone info,
# convert them.
return timestamp_send_float(v.astimezone(utc).replace(tzinfo=None))
# return a timezone-aware datetime instance if we're reading from a
# "timestamp with timezone" type. The timezone returned will always be
# UTC, but providing that additional information can permit conversion
# to local.
def timestamptz_recv_integer(data, offset, length):
micros = q_unpack(data, offset)[0]
try:
return EPOCH_TZ + Timedelta(microseconds=micros)
except OverflowError:
if micros == INFINITY_MICROSECONDS:
return 'infinity'
elif micros == MINUS_INFINITY_MICROSECONDS:
return '-infinity'
else:
return micros
def timestamptz_recv_float(data, offset, length):
return timestamp_recv_float(data, offset, length).replace(tzinfo=utc)
def interval_send_integer(v):
microseconds = v.microseconds
try:
microseconds += int(v.seconds * 1e6)
except AttributeError:
pass
try:
months = v.months
except AttributeError:
months = 0
return qii_pack(microseconds, v.days, months)
def interval_send_float(v):
seconds = v.microseconds / 1000.0 / 1000.0
try:
seconds += v.seconds
except AttributeError:
pass
try:
months = v.months
except AttributeError:
months = 0
return dii_pack(seconds, v.days, months)
def interval_recv_integer(data, offset, length):
microseconds, days, months = qii_unpack(data, offset)
if months == 0:
seconds, micros = divmod(microseconds, 1e6)
return Timedelta(days, seconds, micros)
else:
return Interval(microseconds, days, months)
def interval_recv_float(data, offset, length):
seconds, days, months = dii_unpack(data, offset)
if months == 0:
secs, microseconds = divmod(seconds, 1e6)
return Timedelta(days, secs, microseconds)
else:
return Interval(int(seconds * 1000 * 1000), days, months)
def int8_recv(data, offset, length):
return q_unpack(data, offset)[0]
def int2_recv(data, offset, length):
return h_unpack(data, offset)[0]
def int4_recv(data, offset, length):
return i_unpack(data, offset)[0]
def float4_recv(data, offset, length):
return f_unpack(data, offset)[0]
def float8_recv(data, offset, length):
return d_unpack(data, offset)[0]
def bytea_send(v):
return v
# bytea
if PY2:
def bytea_recv(data, offset, length):
return Bytea(data[offset:offset + length])
else:
def bytea_recv(data, offset, length):
return data[offset:offset + length]
def uuid_send(v):
return v.bytes
def uuid_recv(data, offset, length):
return UUID(bytes=data[offset:offset+length])
TRUE = b("\x01")
FALSE = b("\x00")
def bool_send(v):
return TRUE if v else FALSE
NULL = i_pack(-1)
NULL_BYTE = b('\x00')
def null_send(v):
return NULL
def int_in(data, offset, length):
return int(data[offset: offset + length])
class Cursor():
"""A cursor object is returned by the :meth:`~Connection.cursor` method of
a connection. It has the following attributes and methods:
.. attribute:: arraysize
This read/write attribute specifies the number of rows to fetch at a
time with :meth:`fetchmany`. It defaults to 1.
.. attribute:: connection
This read-only attribute contains a reference to the connection object
(an instance of :class:`Connection`) on which the cursor was
created.
This attribute is part of a DBAPI 2.0 extension. Accessing this
attribute will generate the following warning: ``DB-API extension
cursor.connection used``.
.. attribute:: rowcount
This read-only attribute contains the number of rows that the last
``execute()`` or ``executemany()`` method produced (for query
statements like ``SELECT``) or affected (for modification statements
like ``UPDATE``).
The value is -1 if:
- No ``execute()`` or ``executemany()`` method has been performed yet
on the cursor.
- There was no rowcount associated with the last ``execute()``.
- At least one of the statements executed as part of an
``executemany()`` had no row count associated with it.
- Using a ``SELECT`` query statement on PostgreSQL server older than
version 9.
- Using a ``COPY`` query statement on PostgreSQL server version 8.1 or
older.
This attribute is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
.. attribute:: description
This read-only attribute is a sequence of 7-item sequences. Each value
contains information describing one result column. The 7 items
returned for each column are (name, type_code, display_size,
internal_size, precision, scale, null_ok). Only the first two values
are provided by the current implementation.
This attribute is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
def __init__(self, connection):
self._c = connection
self.arraysize = 1
self.ps = None
self._row_count = -1
self._cached_rows = deque()
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
self.close()
@property
def connection(self):
warn("DB-API extension cursor.connection used", stacklevel=3)
return self._c
@property
def rowcount(self):
return self._row_count
description = property(lambda self: self._getDescription())
def _getDescription(self):
if self.ps is None:
return None
row_desc = self.ps['row_desc']
if len(row_desc) == 0:
return None
columns = []
for col in row_desc:
columns.append(
(col["name"], col["type_oid"], None, None, None, None, None))
return columns
##
# Executes a database operation. Parameters may be provided as a sequence
# or mapping and will be bound to variables in the operation.
#
# Stability: Part of the DBAPI 2.0 specification.
def execute(self, operation, args=None, stream=None):
"""Executes a database operation. Parameters may be provided as a
sequence, or as a mapping, depending upon the value of
:data:`pg8000.paramstyle`.
This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:param operation:
The SQL statement to execute.
:param args:
If :data:`paramstyle` is ``qmark``, ``numeric``, or ``format``,
this argument should be an array of parameters to bind into the
statement. If :data:`paramstyle` is ``named``, the argument should
be a dict mapping of parameters. If the :data:`paramstyle` is
``pyformat``, the argument value may be either an array or a
mapping.
:param stream: This is a pg8000 extension for use with the PostgreSQL
`COPY
`_
command. For a COPY FROM the parameter must be a readable file-like
object, and for COPY TO it must be writable.
.. versionadded:: 1.9.11
"""
try:
self.stream = stream
if not self._c.in_transaction and not self._c.autocommit:
self._c.execute(self, "begin transaction", None)
self._c.execute(self, operation, args)
except AttributeError as e:
if self._c is None:
raise InterfaceError("Cursor closed")
elif self._c._sock is None:
raise InterfaceError("connection is closed")
else:
raise e
def executemany(self, operation, param_sets):
"""Prepare a database operation, and then execute it against all
parameter sequences or mappings provided.
This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:param operation:
The SQL statement to execute
:param parameter_sets:
A sequence of parameters to execute the statement with. The values
in the sequence should be sequences or mappings of parameters, the
same as the args argument of the :meth:`execute` method.
"""
rowcounts = []
for parameters in param_sets:
self.execute(operation, parameters)
rowcounts.append(self._row_count)
self._row_count = -1 if -1 in rowcounts else sum(rowcounts)
def fetchone(self):
"""Fetch the next row of a query result set.
This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:returns:
A row as a sequence of field values, or ``None`` if no more rows
are available.
"""
try:
return next(self)
except StopIteration:
return None
except TypeError:
raise ProgrammingError("attempting to use unexecuted cursor")
except AttributeError:
raise ProgrammingError("attempting to use unexecuted cursor")
def fetchmany(self, num=None):
"""Fetches the next set of rows of a query result.
This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:param size:
The number of rows to fetch when called. If not provided, the
:attr:`arraysize` attribute value is used instead.
:returns:
A sequence, each entry of which is a sequence of field values
making up a row. If no more rows are available, an empty sequence
will be returned.
"""
try:
return tuple(
islice(self, self.arraysize if num is None else num))
except TypeError:
raise ProgrammingError("attempting to use unexecuted cursor")
def fetchall(self):
"""Fetches all remaining rows of a query result.
This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
:returns:
A sequence, each entry of which is a sequence of field values
making up a row.
"""
try:
return tuple(self)
except TypeError:
raise ProgrammingError("attempting to use unexecuted cursor")
def close(self):
"""Closes the cursor.
This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
self._c = None
def __iter__(self):
"""A cursor object is iterable to retrieve the rows from a query.
This is a DBAPI 2.0 extension.
"""
return self
def setinputsizes(self, sizes):
"""This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_, however, it is not
implemented by pg8000.
"""
pass
def setoutputsize(self, size, column=None):
"""This method is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_, however, it is not
implemented by pg8000.
"""
pass
def __next__(self):
try:
return self._cached_rows.popleft()
except IndexError:
if self.ps is None:
raise ProgrammingError("A query hasn't been issued.")
elif len(self.ps['row_desc']) == 0:
raise ProgrammingError("no result set")
else:
raise StopIteration()
if PY2:
Cursor.next = Cursor.__next__
# Message codes
NOTICE_RESPONSE = b("N")
AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST = b("R")
PARAMETER_STATUS = b("S")
BACKEND_KEY_DATA = b("K")
READY_FOR_QUERY = b("Z")
ROW_DESCRIPTION = b("T")
ERROR_RESPONSE = b("E")
DATA_ROW = b("D")
COMMAND_COMPLETE = b("C")
PARSE_COMPLETE = b("1")
BIND_COMPLETE = b("2")
CLOSE_COMPLETE = b("3")
PORTAL_SUSPENDED = b("s")
NO_DATA = b("n")
PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION = b("t")
NOTIFICATION_RESPONSE = b("A")
COPY_DONE = b("c")
COPY_DATA = b("d")
COPY_IN_RESPONSE = b("G")
COPY_OUT_RESPONSE = b("H")
EMPTY_QUERY_RESPONSE = b("I")
BIND = b("B")
PARSE = b("P")
EXECUTE = b("E")
FLUSH = b('H')
SYNC = b('S')
PASSWORD = b('p')
DESCRIBE = b('D')
TERMINATE = b('X')
CLOSE = b('C')
def create_message(code, data=b('')):
return code + i_pack(len(data) + 4) + data
FLUSH_MSG = create_message(FLUSH)
SYNC_MSG = create_message(SYNC)
TERMINATE_MSG = create_message(TERMINATE)
COPY_DONE_MSG = create_message(COPY_DONE)
EXECUTE_MSG = create_message(EXECUTE, NULL_BYTE + i_pack(0))
# DESCRIBE constants
STATEMENT = b('S')
PORTAL = b('P')
# ErrorResponse codes
RESPONSE_SEVERITY = "S" # always present
RESPONSE_SEVERITY = "V" # always present
RESPONSE_CODE = "C" # always present
RESPONSE_MSG = "M" # always present
RESPONSE_DETAIL = "D"
RESPONSE_HINT = "H"
RESPONSE_POSITION = "P"
RESPONSE__POSITION = "p"
RESPONSE__QUERY = "q"
RESPONSE_WHERE = "W"
RESPONSE_FILE = "F"
RESPONSE_LINE = "L"
RESPONSE_ROUTINE = "R"
IDLE = b("I")
IDLE_IN_TRANSACTION = b("T")
IDLE_IN_FAILED_TRANSACTION = b("E")
arr_trans = dict(zip(map(ord, u("[] 'u")), list(u('{}')) + [None] * 3))
class Connection(object):
# DBAPI Extension: supply exceptions as attributes on the connection
Warning = property(lambda self: self._getError(Warning))
Error = property(lambda self: self._getError(Error))
InterfaceError = property(lambda self: self._getError(InterfaceError))
DatabaseError = property(lambda self: self._getError(DatabaseError))
OperationalError = property(lambda self: self._getError(OperationalError))
IntegrityError = property(lambda self: self._getError(IntegrityError))
InternalError = property(lambda self: self._getError(InternalError))
ProgrammingError = property(lambda self: self._getError(ProgrammingError))
NotSupportedError = property(
lambda self: self._getError(NotSupportedError))
def _getError(self, error):
warn(
"DB-API extension connection.%s used" %
error.__name__, stacklevel=3)
return error
def __init__(
self, user, host, unix_sock, port, database, password, ssl,
timeout, application_name, max_prepared_statements):
self._client_encoding = "utf8"
self._commands_with_count = (
b("INSERT"), b("DELETE"), b("UPDATE"), b("MOVE"),
b("FETCH"), b("COPY"), b("SELECT"))
self.notifications = deque(maxlen=100)
self.notices = deque(maxlen=100)
self.parameter_statuses = deque(maxlen=100)
self.max_prepared_statements = int(max_prepared_statements)
if user is None:
raise InterfaceError(
"The 'user' connection parameter cannot be None")
if isinstance(user, text_type):
self.user = user.encode('utf8')
else:
self.user = user
if isinstance(password, text_type):
self.password = password.encode('utf8')
else:
self.password = password
self.autocommit = False
self._xid = None
self._caches = {}
try:
if unix_sock is None and host is not None:
self._usock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
elif unix_sock is not None:
if not hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"):
raise InterfaceError(
"attempt to connect to unix socket on unsupported "
"platform")
self._usock = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
else:
raise ProgrammingError(
"one of host or unix_sock must be provided")
if not PY2 and timeout is not None:
self._usock.settimeout(timeout)
if unix_sock is None and host is not None:
self._usock.connect((host, port))
elif unix_sock is not None:
self._usock.connect(unix_sock)
if ssl:
try:
import ssl as sslmodule
# Int32(8) - Message length, including self.
# Int32(80877103) - The SSL request code.
self._usock.sendall(ii_pack(8, 80877103))
resp = self._usock.recv(1)
if resp == b('S'):
self._usock = sslmodule.wrap_socket(self._usock)
else:
raise InterfaceError("Server refuses SSL")
except ImportError:
raise InterfaceError(
"SSL required but ssl module not available in "
"this python installation")
self._sock = self._usock.makefile(mode="rwb")
except socket.error as e:
self._usock.close()
raise InterfaceError("communication error", e)
self._flush = self._sock.flush
self._read = self._sock.read
self._write = self._sock.write
self._backend_key_data = None
def text_out(v):
return v.encode(self._client_encoding)
def enum_out(v):
return str(v.value).encode(self._client_encoding)
def time_out(v):
return v.isoformat().encode(self._client_encoding)
def date_out(v):
return v.isoformat().encode(self._client_encoding)
def unknown_out(v):
return str(v).encode(self._client_encoding)
trans_tab = dict(zip(map(ord, u('{}')), u('[]')))
glbls = {'Decimal': Decimal}
def array_in(data, idx, length):
arr = []
prev_c = None
for c in data[idx:idx+length].decode(
self._client_encoding).translate(
trans_tab).replace(u('NULL'), u('None')):
if c not in ('[', ']', ',', 'N') and prev_c in ('[', ','):
arr.extend("Decimal('")
elif c in (']', ',') and prev_c not in ('[', ']', ',', 'e'):
arr.extend("')")
arr.append(c)
prev_c = c
return eval(''.join(arr), glbls)
def array_recv(data, idx, length):
final_idx = idx + length
dim, hasnull, typeoid = iii_unpack(data, idx)
idx += 12
# get type conversion method for typeoid
conversion = self.pg_types[typeoid][1]
# Read dimension info
dim_lengths = []
for i in range(dim):
dim_lengths.append(ii_unpack(data, idx)[0])
idx += 8
# Read all array values
values = []
while idx < final_idx:
element_len, = i_unpack(data, idx)
idx += 4
if element_len == -1:
values.append(None)
else:
values.append(conversion(data, idx, element_len))
idx += element_len
# at this point, {{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}::int[][] looks like
# [1,2,3,4,5,6]. go through the dimensions and fix up the array
# contents to match expected dimensions
for length in reversed(dim_lengths[1:]):
values = list(map(list, zip(*[iter(values)] * length)))
return values
def vector_in(data, idx, length):
return eval('[' + data[idx:idx+length].decode(
self._client_encoding).replace(' ', ',') + ']')
if PY2:
def text_recv(data, offset, length):
return unicode( # noqa
data[offset: offset + length], self._client_encoding)
def bool_recv(d, o, l):
return d[o] == "\x01"
def json_in(data, offset, length):
return loads(unicode( # noqa
data[offset: offset + length], self._client_encoding))
else:
def text_recv(data, offset, length):
return str(
data[offset: offset + length], self._client_encoding)
def bool_recv(data, offset, length):
return data[offset] == 1
def json_in(data, offset, length):
return loads(
str(data[offset: offset + length], self._client_encoding))
def time_in(data, offset, length):
hour = int(data[offset:offset + 2])
minute = int(data[offset + 3:offset + 5])
sec = Decimal(
data[offset + 6:offset + length].decode(self._client_encoding))
return time(
hour, minute, int(sec), int((sec - int(sec)) * 1000000))
def date_in(data, offset, length):
d = data[offset:offset+length].decode(self._client_encoding)
try:
return date(int(d[:4]), int(d[5:7]), int(d[8:10]))
except ValueError:
return d
def numeric_in(data, offset, length):
return Decimal(
data[offset: offset + length].decode(self._client_encoding))
def numeric_out(d):
return str(d).encode(self._client_encoding)
self.pg_types = defaultdict(
lambda: (FC_TEXT, text_recv), {
16: (FC_BINARY, bool_recv), # boolean
17: (FC_BINARY, bytea_recv), # bytea
19: (FC_BINARY, text_recv), # name type
20: (FC_BINARY, int8_recv), # int8
21: (FC_BINARY, int2_recv), # int2
22: (FC_TEXT, vector_in), # int2vector
23: (FC_BINARY, int4_recv), # int4
25: (FC_BINARY, text_recv), # TEXT type
26: (FC_TEXT, int_in), # oid
28: (FC_TEXT, int_in), # xid
114: (FC_TEXT, json_in), # json
700: (FC_BINARY, float4_recv), # float4
701: (FC_BINARY, float8_recv), # float8
705: (FC_BINARY, text_recv), # unknown
829: (FC_TEXT, text_recv), # MACADDR type
1000: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # BOOL[]
1003: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # NAME[]
1005: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # INT2[]
1007: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # INT4[]
1009: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # TEXT[]
1014: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # CHAR[]
1015: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # VARCHAR[]
1016: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # INT8[]
1021: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # FLOAT4[]
1022: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # FLOAT8[]
1042: (FC_BINARY, text_recv), # CHAR type
1043: (FC_BINARY, text_recv), # VARCHAR type
1082: (FC_TEXT, date_in), # date
1083: (FC_TEXT, time_in),
1114: (FC_BINARY, timestamp_recv_float), # timestamp w/ tz
1184: (FC_BINARY, timestamptz_recv_float),
1186: (FC_BINARY, interval_recv_integer),
1231: (FC_TEXT, array_in), # NUMERIC[]
1263: (FC_BINARY, array_recv), # cstring[]
1700: (FC_TEXT, numeric_in), # NUMERIC
2275: (FC_BINARY, text_recv), # cstring
2950: (FC_BINARY, uuid_recv), # uuid
3802: (FC_TEXT, json_in), # jsonb
})
self.py_types = {
type(None): (-1, FC_BINARY, null_send), # null
bool: (16, FC_BINARY, bool_send),
bytearray: (17, FC_BINARY, bytea_send), # bytea
20: (20, FC_BINARY, q_pack), # int8
21: (21, FC_BINARY, h_pack), # int2
23: (23, FC_BINARY, i_pack), # int4
PGText: (25, FC_TEXT, text_out), # text
float: (701, FC_BINARY, d_pack), # float8
PGEnum: (705, FC_TEXT, enum_out),
date: (1082, FC_TEXT, date_out), # date
time: (1083, FC_TEXT, time_out), # time
1114: (1114, FC_BINARY, timestamp_send_integer), # timestamp
# timestamp w/ tz
PGVarchar: (1043, FC_TEXT, text_out), # varchar
1184: (1184, FC_BINARY, timestamptz_send_integer),
PGJson: (114, FC_TEXT, text_out),
PGJsonb: (3802, FC_TEXT, text_out),
Timedelta: (1186, FC_BINARY, interval_send_integer),
Interval: (1186, FC_BINARY, interval_send_integer),
Decimal: (1700, FC_TEXT, numeric_out), # Decimal
PGTsvector: (3614, FC_TEXT, text_out),
UUID: (2950, FC_BINARY, uuid_send)} # uuid
self.inspect_funcs = {
Datetime: self.inspect_datetime,
list: self.array_inspect,
tuple: self.array_inspect,
int: self.inspect_int}
if PY2:
self.py_types[Bytea] = (17, FC_BINARY, bytea_send) # bytea
self.py_types[text_type] = (705, FC_TEXT, text_out) # unknown
self.py_types[str] = (705, FC_TEXT, bytea_send) # unknown
self.inspect_funcs[long] = self.inspect_int # noqa
else:
self.py_types[bytes] = (17, FC_BINARY, bytea_send) # bytea
self.py_types[str] = (705, FC_TEXT, text_out) # unknown
try:
import enum
self.py_types[enum.Enum] = (705, FC_TEXT, enum_out)
except ImportError:
pass
try:
from ipaddress import (
ip_address, IPv4Address, IPv6Address, ip_network, IPv4Network,
IPv6Network)
def inet_out(v):
return str(v).encode(self._client_encoding)
def inet_in(data, offset, length):
inet_str = data[offset: offset + length].decode(
self._client_encoding)
if '/' in inet_str:
return ip_network(inet_str, False)
else:
return ip_address(inet_str)
self.py_types[IPv4Address] = (869, FC_TEXT, inet_out) # inet
self.py_types[IPv6Address] = (869, FC_TEXT, inet_out) # inet
self.py_types[IPv4Network] = (869, FC_TEXT, inet_out) # inet
self.py_types[IPv6Network] = (869, FC_TEXT, inet_out) # inet
self.pg_types[869] = (FC_TEXT, inet_in) # inet
except ImportError:
pass
self.message_types = {
NOTICE_RESPONSE: self.handle_NOTICE_RESPONSE,
AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST: self.handle_AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST,
PARAMETER_STATUS: self.handle_PARAMETER_STATUS,
BACKEND_KEY_DATA: self.handle_BACKEND_KEY_DATA,
READY_FOR_QUERY: self.handle_READY_FOR_QUERY,
ROW_DESCRIPTION: self.handle_ROW_DESCRIPTION,
ERROR_RESPONSE: self.handle_ERROR_RESPONSE,
EMPTY_QUERY_RESPONSE: self.handle_EMPTY_QUERY_RESPONSE,
DATA_ROW: self.handle_DATA_ROW,
COMMAND_COMPLETE: self.handle_COMMAND_COMPLETE,
PARSE_COMPLETE: self.handle_PARSE_COMPLETE,
BIND_COMPLETE: self.handle_BIND_COMPLETE,
CLOSE_COMPLETE: self.handle_CLOSE_COMPLETE,
PORTAL_SUSPENDED: self.handle_PORTAL_SUSPENDED,
NO_DATA: self.handle_NO_DATA,
PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION: self.handle_PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION,
NOTIFICATION_RESPONSE: self.handle_NOTIFICATION_RESPONSE,
COPY_DONE: self.handle_COPY_DONE,
COPY_DATA: self.handle_COPY_DATA,
COPY_IN_RESPONSE: self.handle_COPY_IN_RESPONSE,
COPY_OUT_RESPONSE: self.handle_COPY_OUT_RESPONSE}
# Int32 - Message length, including self.
# Int32(196608) - Protocol version number. Version 3.0.
# Any number of key/value pairs, terminated by a zero byte:
# String - A parameter name (user, database, or options)
# String - Parameter value
protocol = 196608
val = bytearray(
i_pack(protocol) + b("user\x00") + self.user + NULL_BYTE)
if database is not None:
if isinstance(database, text_type):
database = database.encode('utf8')
val.extend(b("database\x00") + database + NULL_BYTE)
if application_name is not None:
if isinstance(application_name, text_type):
application_name = application_name.encode('utf8')
val.extend(
b("application_name\x00") + application_name + NULL_BYTE)
val.append(0)
self._write(i_pack(len(val) + 4))
self._write(val)
self._flush()
self._cursor = self.cursor()
code = self.error = None
while code not in (READY_FOR_QUERY, ERROR_RESPONSE):
code, data_len = ci_unpack(self._read(5))
self.message_types[code](self._read(data_len - 4), None)
if self.error is not None:
raise self.error
self.in_transaction = False
def handle_ERROR_RESPONSE(self, data, ps):
msg = dict(
(
s[:1].decode(self._client_encoding),
s[1:].decode(self._client_encoding)) for s in
data.split(NULL_BYTE) if s != b(''))
response_code = msg[RESPONSE_CODE]
if response_code == '28000':
cls = InterfaceError
elif response_code == '23505':
cls = IntegrityError
else:
cls = ProgrammingError
self.error = cls(msg)
def handle_EMPTY_QUERY_RESPONSE(self, data, ps):
self.error = ProgrammingError("query was empty")
def handle_CLOSE_COMPLETE(self, data, ps):
pass
def handle_PARSE_COMPLETE(self, data, ps):
# Byte1('1') - Identifier.
# Int32(4) - Message length, including self.
pass
def handle_BIND_COMPLETE(self, data, ps):
pass
def handle_PORTAL_SUSPENDED(self, data, cursor):
pass
def handle_PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION(self, data, ps):
# Well, we don't really care -- we're going to send whatever we
# want and let the database deal with it. But thanks anyways!
# count = h_unpack(data)[0]
# type_oids = unpack_from("!" + "i" * count, data, 2)
pass
def handle_COPY_DONE(self, data, ps):
self._copy_done = True
def handle_COPY_OUT_RESPONSE(self, data, ps):
# Int8(1) - 0 textual, 1 binary
# Int16(2) - Number of columns
# Int16(N) - Format codes for each column (0 text, 1 binary)
is_binary, num_cols = bh_unpack(data)
# column_formats = unpack_from('!' + 'h' * num_cols, data, 3)
if ps.stream is None:
raise InterfaceError(
"An output stream is required for the COPY OUT response.")
def handle_COPY_DATA(self, data, ps):
ps.stream.write(data)
def handle_COPY_IN_RESPONSE(self, data, ps):
# Int16(2) - Number of columns
# Int16(N) - Format codes for each column (0 text, 1 binary)
is_binary, num_cols = bh_unpack(data)
# column_formats = unpack_from('!' + 'h' * num_cols, data, 3)
if ps.stream is None:
raise InterfaceError(
"An input stream is required for the COPY IN response.")
if PY2:
while True:
data = ps.stream.read(8192)
if not data:
break
self._write(COPY_DATA + i_pack(len(data) + 4))
self._write(data)
self._flush()
else:
bffr = bytearray(8192)
while True:
bytes_read = ps.stream.readinto(bffr)
if bytes_read == 0:
break
self._write(COPY_DATA + i_pack(bytes_read + 4))
self._write(bffr[:bytes_read])
self._flush()
# Send CopyDone
# Byte1('c') - Identifier.
# Int32(4) - Message length, including self.
self._write(COPY_DONE_MSG)
self._write(SYNC_MSG)
self._flush()
def handle_NOTIFICATION_RESPONSE(self, data, ps):
##
# A message sent if this connection receives a NOTIFY that it was
# LISTENing for.
#
# Stability: Added in pg8000 v1.03. When limited to accessing
# properties from a notification event dispatch, stability is
# guaranteed for v1.xx.
backend_pid = i_unpack(data)[0]
idx = 4
null = data.find(NULL_BYTE, idx) - idx
condition = data[idx:idx + null].decode("ascii")
idx += null + 1
null = data.find(NULL_BYTE, idx) - idx
# additional_info = data[idx:idx + null]
self.notifications.append((backend_pid, condition))
def cursor(self):
"""Creates a :class:`Cursor` object bound to this
connection.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
return Cursor(self)
def commit(self):
"""Commits the current database transaction.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
self.execute(self._cursor, "commit", None)
def rollback(self):
"""Rolls back the current database transaction.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
if not self.in_transaction:
return
self.execute(self._cursor, "rollback", None)
def close(self):
"""Closes the database connection.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
try:
# Byte1('X') - Identifies the message as a terminate message.
# Int32(4) - Message length, including self.
self._write(TERMINATE_MSG)
self._flush()
self._sock.close()
except AttributeError:
raise InterfaceError("connection is closed")
except ValueError:
raise InterfaceError("connection is closed")
except socket.error:
pass
finally:
self._usock.close()
self._sock = None
def handle_AUTHENTICATION_REQUEST(self, data, cursor):
# Int32 - An authentication code that represents different
# authentication messages:
# 0 = AuthenticationOk
# 5 = MD5 pwd
# 2 = Kerberos v5 (not supported by pg8000)
# 3 = Cleartext pwd
# 4 = crypt() pwd (not supported by pg8000)
# 6 = SCM credential (not supported by pg8000)
# 7 = GSSAPI (not supported by pg8000)
# 8 = GSSAPI data (not supported by pg8000)
# 9 = SSPI (not supported by pg8000)
# Some authentication messages have additional data following the
# authentication code. That data is documented in the appropriate
# class.
auth_code = i_unpack(data)[0]
if auth_code == 0:
pass
elif auth_code == 3:
if self.password is None:
raise InterfaceError(
"server requesting password authentication, but no "
"password was provided")
self._send_message(PASSWORD, self.password + NULL_BYTE)
self._flush()
elif auth_code == 5:
##
# A message representing the backend requesting an MD5 hashed
# password response. The response will be sent as
# md5(md5(pwd + login) + salt).
# Additional message data:
# Byte4 - Hash salt.
salt = b("").join(cccc_unpack(data, 4))
if self.password is None:
raise InterfaceError(
"server requesting MD5 password authentication, but no "
"password was provided")
pwd = b("md5") + md5(
md5(self.password + self.user).hexdigest().encode("ascii") +
salt).hexdigest().encode("ascii")
# Byte1('p') - Identifies the message as a password message.
# Int32 - Message length including self.
# String - The password. Password may be encrypted.
self._send_message(PASSWORD, pwd + NULL_BYTE)
self._flush()
elif auth_code in (2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9):
raise InterfaceError(
"Authentication method " + str(auth_code) +
" not supported by pg8000.")
else:
raise InterfaceError(
"Authentication method " + str(auth_code) +
" not recognized by pg8000.")
def handle_READY_FOR_QUERY(self, data, ps):
# Byte1 - Status indicator.
self.in_transaction = data != IDLE
def handle_BACKEND_KEY_DATA(self, data, ps):
self._backend_key_data = data
def inspect_datetime(self, value):
if value.tzinfo is None:
return self.py_types[1114] # timestamp
else:
return self.py_types[1184] # send as timestamptz
def inspect_int(self, value):
if min_int2 < value < max_int2:
return self.py_types[21]
if min_int4 < value < max_int4:
return self.py_types[23]
if min_int8 < value < max_int8:
return self.py_types[20]
def make_params(self, values):
params = []
for value in values:
typ = type(value)
try:
params.append(self.py_types[typ])
except KeyError:
try:
params.append(self.inspect_funcs[typ](value))
except KeyError as e:
param = None
for k, v in iteritems(self.py_types):
try:
if isinstance(value, k):
param = v
break
except TypeError:
pass
if param is None:
for k, v in iteritems(self.inspect_funcs):
try:
if isinstance(value, k):
param = v(value)
break
except TypeError:
pass
except KeyError:
pass
if param is None:
raise NotSupportedError(
"type " + str(e) + " not mapped to pg type")
else:
params.append(param)
return tuple(params)
def handle_ROW_DESCRIPTION(self, data, cursor):
count = h_unpack(data)[0]
idx = 2
for i in range(count):
name = data[idx:data.find(NULL_BYTE, idx)]
idx += len(name) + 1
field = dict(
zip((
"table_oid", "column_attrnum", "type_oid", "type_size",
"type_modifier", "format"), ihihih_unpack(data, idx)))
field['name'] = name
idx += 18
cursor.ps['row_desc'].append(field)
field['pg8000_fc'], field['func'] = \
self.pg_types[field['type_oid']]
def execute(self, cursor, operation, vals):
if vals is None:
vals = ()
paramstyle = pg8000.paramstyle
pid = getpid()
try:
cache = self._caches[paramstyle][pid]
except KeyError:
try:
param_cache = self._caches[paramstyle]
except KeyError:
param_cache = self._caches[paramstyle] = {}
try:
cache = param_cache[pid]
except KeyError:
cache = param_cache[pid] = {'statement': {}, 'ps': {}}
try:
statement, make_args = cache['statement'][operation]
except KeyError:
statement, make_args = cache['statement'][operation] = \
convert_paramstyle(paramstyle, operation)
args = make_args(vals)
params = self.make_params(args)
key = operation, params
try:
ps = cache['ps'][key]
cursor.ps = ps
except KeyError:
statement_nums = [0]
for style_cache in itervalues(self._caches):
try:
pid_cache = style_cache[pid]
for csh in itervalues(pid_cache['ps']):
statement_nums.append(csh['statement_num'])
except KeyError:
pass
statement_num = sorted(statement_nums)[-1] + 1
statement_name = '_'.join(
("pg8000", "statement", str(pid), str(statement_num)))
statement_name_bin = statement_name.encode('ascii') + NULL_BYTE
ps = {
'statement_name_bin': statement_name_bin,
'pid': pid,
'statement_num': statement_num,
'row_desc': [],
'param_funcs': tuple(x[2] for x in params)}
cursor.ps = ps
param_fcs = tuple(x[1] for x in params)
# Byte1('P') - Identifies the message as a Parse command.
# Int32 - Message length, including self.
# String - Prepared statement name. An empty string selects the
# unnamed prepared statement.
# String - The query string.
# Int16 - Number of parameter data types specified (can be zero).
# For each parameter:
# Int32 - The OID of the parameter data type.
val = bytearray(statement_name_bin)
val.extend(statement.encode(self._client_encoding) + NULL_BYTE)
val.extend(h_pack(len(params)))
for oid, fc, send_func in params:
# Parse message doesn't seem to handle the -1 type_oid for NULL
# values that other messages handle. So we'll provide type_oid
# 705, the PG "unknown" type.
val.extend(i_pack(705 if oid == -1 else oid))
# Byte1('D') - Identifies the message as a describe command.
# Int32 - Message length, including self.
# Byte1 - 'S' for prepared statement, 'P' for portal.
# String - The name of the item to describe.
self._send_message(PARSE, val)
self._send_message(DESCRIBE, STATEMENT + statement_name_bin)
self._write(SYNC_MSG)
try:
self._flush()
except AttributeError as e:
if self._sock is None:
raise InterfaceError("connection is closed")
else:
raise e
self.handle_messages(cursor)
# We've got row_desc that allows us to identify what we're
# going to get back from this statement.
output_fc = tuple(
self.pg_types[f['type_oid']][0] for f in ps['row_desc'])
ps['input_funcs'] = tuple(f['func'] for f in ps['row_desc'])
# Byte1('B') - Identifies the Bind command.
# Int32 - Message length, including self.
# String - Name of the destination portal.
# String - Name of the source prepared statement.
# Int16 - Number of parameter format codes.
# For each parameter format code:
# Int16 - The parameter format code.
# Int16 - Number of parameter values.
# For each parameter value:
# Int32 - The length of the parameter value, in bytes, not
# including this length. -1 indicates a NULL parameter
# value, in which no value bytes follow.
# Byte[n] - Value of the parameter.
# Int16 - The number of result-column format codes.
# For each result-column format code:
# Int16 - The format code.
ps['bind_1'] = NULL_BYTE + statement_name_bin + \
h_pack(len(params)) + \
pack("!" + "h" * len(param_fcs), *param_fcs) + \
h_pack(len(params))
ps['bind_2'] = h_pack(len(output_fc)) + \
pack("!" + "h" * len(output_fc), *output_fc)
if len(cache['ps']) > self.max_prepared_statements:
for p in itervalues(cache['ps']):
self.close_prepared_statement(p['statement_name_bin'])
cache['ps'].clear()
cache['ps'][key] = ps
cursor._cached_rows.clear()
cursor._row_count = -1
# Byte1('B') - Identifies the Bind command.
# Int32 - Message length, including self.
# String - Name of the destination portal.
# String - Name of the source prepared statement.
# Int16 - Number of parameter format codes.
# For each parameter format code:
# Int16 - The parameter format code.
# Int16 - Number of parameter values.
# For each parameter value:
# Int32 - The length of the parameter value, in bytes, not
# including this length. -1 indicates a NULL parameter
# value, in which no value bytes follow.
# Byte[n] - Value of the parameter.
# Int16 - The number of result-column format codes.
# For each result-column format code:
# Int16 - The format code.
retval = bytearray(ps['bind_1'])
for value, send_func in zip(args, ps['param_funcs']):
if value is None:
val = NULL
else:
val = send_func(value)
retval.extend(i_pack(len(val)))
retval.extend(val)
retval.extend(ps['bind_2'])
self._send_message(BIND, retval)
self.send_EXECUTE(cursor)
self._write(SYNC_MSG)
self._flush()
self.handle_messages(cursor)
def _send_message(self, code, data):
try:
self._write(code)
self._write(i_pack(len(data) + 4))
self._write(data)
self._write(FLUSH_MSG)
except ValueError as e:
if str(e) == "write to closed file":
raise InterfaceError("connection is closed")
else:
raise e
except AttributeError:
raise InterfaceError("connection is closed")
def send_EXECUTE(self, cursor):
# Byte1('E') - Identifies the message as an execute message.
# Int32 - Message length, including self.
# String - The name of the portal to execute.
# Int32 - Maximum number of rows to return, if portal
# contains a query # that returns rows.
# 0 = no limit.
self._write(EXECUTE_MSG)
self._write(FLUSH_MSG)
def handle_NO_DATA(self, msg, ps):
pass
def handle_COMMAND_COMPLETE(self, data, cursor):
values = data[:-1].split(BINARY_SPACE)
command = values[0]
if command in self._commands_with_count:
row_count = int(values[-1])
if cursor._row_count == -1:
cursor._row_count = row_count
else:
cursor._row_count += row_count
if command in DDL_COMMANDS:
for scache in itervalues(self._caches):
for pcache in itervalues(scache):
for ps in itervalues(pcache['ps']):
self.close_prepared_statement(ps['statement_name_bin'])
pcache['ps'].clear()
def handle_DATA_ROW(self, data, cursor):
data_idx = 2
row = []
for func in cursor.ps['input_funcs']:
vlen = i_unpack(data, data_idx)[0]
data_idx += 4
if vlen == -1:
row.append(None)
else:
row.append(func(data, data_idx, vlen))
data_idx += vlen
cursor._cached_rows.append(row)
def handle_messages(self, cursor):
code = self.error = None
while code != READY_FOR_QUERY:
code, data_len = ci_unpack(self._read(5))
self.message_types[code](self._read(data_len - 4), cursor)
if self.error is not None:
raise self.error
# Byte1('C') - Identifies the message as a close command.
# Int32 - Message length, including self.
# Byte1 - 'S' for prepared statement, 'P' for portal.
# String - The name of the item to close.
def close_prepared_statement(self, statement_name_bin):
self._send_message(CLOSE, STATEMENT + statement_name_bin)
self._write(SYNC_MSG)
self._flush()
self.handle_messages(self._cursor)
# Byte1('N') - Identifier
# Int32 - Message length
# Any number of these, followed by a zero byte:
# Byte1 - code identifying the field type (see responseKeys)
# String - field value
def handle_NOTICE_RESPONSE(self, data, ps):
self.notices.append(
dict((s[0:1], s[1:]) for s in data.split(NULL_BYTE)))
def handle_PARAMETER_STATUS(self, data, ps):
pos = data.find(NULL_BYTE)
key, value = data[:pos], data[pos + 1:-1]
self.parameter_statuses.append((key, value))
if key == b("client_encoding"):
encoding = value.decode("ascii").lower()
self._client_encoding = pg_to_py_encodings.get(encoding, encoding)
elif key == b("integer_datetimes"):
if value == b('on'):
self.py_types[1114] = (1114, FC_BINARY, timestamp_send_integer)
self.pg_types[1114] = (FC_BINARY, timestamp_recv_integer)
self.py_types[1184] = (
1184, FC_BINARY, timestamptz_send_integer)
self.pg_types[1184] = (FC_BINARY, timestamptz_recv_integer)
self.py_types[Interval] = (
1186, FC_BINARY, interval_send_integer)
self.py_types[Timedelta] = (
1186, FC_BINARY, interval_send_integer)
self.pg_types[1186] = (FC_BINARY, interval_recv_integer)
else:
self.py_types[1114] = (1114, FC_BINARY, timestamp_send_float)
self.pg_types[1114] = (FC_BINARY, timestamp_recv_float)
self.py_types[1184] = (1184, FC_BINARY, timestamptz_send_float)
self.pg_types[1184] = (FC_BINARY, timestamptz_recv_float)
self.py_types[Interval] = (
1186, FC_BINARY, interval_send_float)
self.py_types[Timedelta] = (
1186, FC_BINARY, interval_send_float)
self.pg_types[1186] = (FC_BINARY, interval_recv_float)
elif key == b("server_version"):
self._server_version = LooseVersion(value.decode('ascii'))
if self._server_version < LooseVersion('8.2.0'):
self._commands_with_count = (
b("INSERT"), b("DELETE"), b("UPDATE"), b("MOVE"),
b("FETCH"))
elif self._server_version < LooseVersion('9.0.0'):
self._commands_with_count = (
b("INSERT"), b("DELETE"), b("UPDATE"), b("MOVE"),
b("FETCH"), b("COPY"))
def array_inspect(self, value):
# Check if array has any values. If empty, we can just assume it's an
# array of strings
first_element = array_find_first_element(value)
if first_element is None:
oid = 25
# Use binary ARRAY format to avoid having to properly
# escape text in the array literals
fc = FC_BINARY
array_oid = pg_array_types[oid]
else:
# supported array output
typ = type(first_element)
if issubclass(typ, integer_types):
# special int array support -- send as smallest possible array
# type
typ = integer_types
int2_ok, int4_ok, int8_ok = True, True, True
for v in array_flatten(value):
if v is None:
continue
if min_int2 < v < max_int2:
continue
int2_ok = False
if min_int4 < v < max_int4:
continue
int4_ok = False
if min_int8 < v < max_int8:
continue
int8_ok = False
if int2_ok:
array_oid = 1005 # INT2[]
oid, fc, send_func = (21, FC_BINARY, h_pack)
elif int4_ok:
array_oid = 1007 # INT4[]
oid, fc, send_func = (23, FC_BINARY, i_pack)
elif int8_ok:
array_oid = 1016 # INT8[]
oid, fc, send_func = (20, FC_BINARY, q_pack)
else:
raise ArrayContentNotSupportedError(
"numeric not supported as array contents")
else:
try:
oid, fc, send_func = self.make_params((first_element,))[0]
# If unknown or string, assume it's a string array
if oid in (705, 1043, 25):
oid = 25
# Use binary ARRAY format to avoid having to properly
# escape text in the array literals
fc = FC_BINARY
array_oid = pg_array_types[oid]
except KeyError:
raise ArrayContentNotSupportedError(
"oid " + str(oid) + " not supported as array contents")
except NotSupportedError:
raise ArrayContentNotSupportedError(
"type " + str(typ) +
" not supported as array contents")
if fc == FC_BINARY:
def send_array(arr):
# check that all array dimensions are consistent
array_check_dimensions(arr)
has_null = array_has_null(arr)
dim_lengths = array_dim_lengths(arr)
data = bytearray(iii_pack(len(dim_lengths), has_null, oid))
for i in dim_lengths:
data.extend(ii_pack(i, 1))
for v in array_flatten(arr):
if v is None:
data += i_pack(-1)
elif isinstance(v, typ):
inner_data = send_func(v)
data += i_pack(len(inner_data))
data += inner_data
else:
raise ArrayContentNotHomogenousError(
"not all array elements are of type " + str(typ))
return data
else:
def send_array(arr):
array_check_dimensions(arr)
ar = deepcopy(arr)
for a, i, v in walk_array(ar):
if v is None:
a[i] = 'NULL'
elif isinstance(v, typ):
a[i] = send_func(v).decode('ascii')
else:
raise ArrayContentNotHomogenousError(
"not all array elements are of type " + str(typ))
return u(str(ar)).translate(arr_trans).encode('ascii')
return (array_oid, fc, send_array)
def xid(self, format_id, global_transaction_id, branch_qualifier):
"""Create a Transaction IDs (only global_transaction_id is used in pg)
format_id and branch_qualifier are not used in postgres
global_transaction_id may be any string identifier supported by
postgres returns a tuple
(format_id, global_transaction_id, branch_qualifier)"""
return (format_id, global_transaction_id, branch_qualifier)
def tpc_begin(self, xid):
"""Begins a TPC transaction with the given transaction ID xid.
This method should be called outside of a transaction (i.e. nothing may
have executed since the last .commit() or .rollback()).
Furthermore, it is an error to call .commit() or .rollback() within the
TPC transaction. A ProgrammingError is raised, if the application calls
.commit() or .rollback() during an active TPC transaction.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
self._xid = xid
if self.autocommit:
self.execute(self._cursor, "begin transaction", None)
def tpc_prepare(self):
"""Performs the first phase of a transaction started with .tpc_begin().
A ProgrammingError is be raised if this method is called outside of a
TPC transaction.
After calling .tpc_prepare(), no statements can be executed until
.tpc_commit() or .tpc_rollback() have been called.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
q = "PREPARE TRANSACTION '%s';" % (self._xid[1],)
self.execute(self._cursor, q, None)
def tpc_commit(self, xid=None):
"""When called with no arguments, .tpc_commit() commits a TPC
transaction previously prepared with .tpc_prepare().
If .tpc_commit() is called prior to .tpc_prepare(), a single phase
commit is performed. A transaction manager may choose to do this if
only a single resource is participating in the global transaction.
When called with a transaction ID xid, the database commits the given
transaction. If an invalid transaction ID is provided, a
ProgrammingError will be raised. This form should be called outside of
a transaction, and is intended for use in recovery.
On return, the TPC transaction is ended.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
if xid is None:
xid = self._xid
if xid is None:
raise ProgrammingError(
"Cannot tpc_commit() without a TPC transaction!")
try:
previous_autocommit_mode = self.autocommit
self.autocommit = True
if xid in self.tpc_recover():
self.execute(
self._cursor, "COMMIT PREPARED '%s';" % (xid[1], ),
None)
else:
# a single-phase commit
self.commit()
finally:
self.autocommit = previous_autocommit_mode
self._xid = None
def tpc_rollback(self, xid=None):
"""When called with no arguments, .tpc_rollback() rolls back a TPC
transaction. It may be called before or after .tpc_prepare().
When called with a transaction ID xid, it rolls back the given
transaction. If an invalid transaction ID is provided, a
ProgrammingError is raised. This form should be called outside of a
transaction, and is intended for use in recovery.
On return, the TPC transaction is ended.
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
if xid is None:
xid = self._xid
if xid is None:
raise ProgrammingError(
"Cannot tpc_rollback() without a TPC prepared transaction!")
try:
previous_autocommit_mode = self.autocommit
self.autocommit = True
if xid in self.tpc_recover():
# a two-phase rollback
self.execute(
self._cursor, "ROLLBACK PREPARED '%s';" % (xid[1],),
None)
else:
# a single-phase rollback
self.rollback()
finally:
self.autocommit = previous_autocommit_mode
self._xid = None
def tpc_recover(self):
"""Returns a list of pending transaction IDs suitable for use with
.tpc_commit(xid) or .tpc_rollback(xid).
This function is part of the `DBAPI 2.0 specification
`_.
"""
try:
previous_autocommit_mode = self.autocommit
self.autocommit = True
curs = self.cursor()
curs.execute("select gid FROM pg_prepared_xacts")
return [self.xid(0, row[0], '') for row in curs]
finally:
self.autocommit = previous_autocommit_mode
# pg element oid -> pg array typeoid
pg_array_types = {
16: 1000,
25: 1009, # TEXT[]
701: 1022,
1043: 1009,
1700: 1231, # NUMERIC[]
}
# PostgreSQL encodings:
# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/interactive/multibyte.html
# Python encodings:
# http://www.python.org/doc/2.4/lib/standard-encodings.html
#
# Commented out encodings don't require a name change between PostgreSQL and
# Python. If the py side is None, then the encoding isn't supported.
pg_to_py_encodings = {
# Not supported:
"mule_internal": None,
"euc_tw": None,
# Name fine as-is:
# "euc_jp",
# "euc_jis_2004",
# "euc_kr",
# "gb18030",
# "gbk",
# "johab",
# "sjis",
# "shift_jis_2004",
# "uhc",
# "utf8",
# Different name:
"euc_cn": "gb2312",
"iso_8859_5": "is8859_5",
"iso_8859_6": "is8859_6",
"iso_8859_7": "is8859_7",
"iso_8859_8": "is8859_8",
"koi8": "koi8_r",
"latin1": "iso8859-1",
"latin2": "iso8859_2",
"latin3": "iso8859_3",
"latin4": "iso8859_4",
"latin5": "iso8859_9",
"latin6": "iso8859_10",
"latin7": "iso8859_13",
"latin8": "iso8859_14",
"latin9": "iso8859_15",
"sql_ascii": "ascii",
"win866": "cp886",
"win874": "cp874",
"win1250": "cp1250",
"win1251": "cp1251",
"win1252": "cp1252",
"win1253": "cp1253",
"win1254": "cp1254",
"win1255": "cp1255",
"win1256": "cp1256",
"win1257": "cp1257",
"win1258": "cp1258",
"unicode": "utf-8", # Needed for Amazon Redshift
}
def walk_array(arr):
for i, v in enumerate(arr):
if isinstance(v, list):
for a, i2, v2 in walk_array(v):
yield a, i2, v2
else:
yield arr, i, v
def array_find_first_element(arr):
for v in array_flatten(arr):
if v is not None:
return v
return None
def array_flatten(arr):
for v in arr:
if isinstance(v, list):
for v2 in array_flatten(v):
yield v2
else:
yield v
def array_check_dimensions(arr):
if len(arr) > 0:
v0 = arr[0]
if isinstance(v0, list):
req_len = len(v0)
req_inner_lengths = array_check_dimensions(v0)
for v in arr:
inner_lengths = array_check_dimensions(v)
if len(v) != req_len or inner_lengths != req_inner_lengths:
raise ArrayDimensionsNotConsistentError(
"array dimensions not consistent")
retval = [req_len]
retval.extend(req_inner_lengths)
return retval
else:
# make sure nothing else at this level is a list
for v in arr:
if isinstance(v, list):
raise ArrayDimensionsNotConsistentError(
"array dimensions not consistent")
return []
def array_has_null(arr):
for v in array_flatten(arr):
if v is None:
return True
return False
def array_dim_lengths(arr):
len_arr = len(arr)
if len_arr > 0:
v0 = arr[0]
if isinstance(v0, list):
retval = [len(v0)]
retval.extend(array_dim_lengths(v0))
return retval
return [len_arr]
================================================
FILE: setup.cfg
================================================
[upload_docs]
upload-dir = build/sphinx/html
[bdist_wheel]
universal=1
[versioneer]
VCS = git
style = pep440
versionfile_source = pg8000/_version.py
versionfile_build = pg8000/_version.py
tag_prefix =
parentdir_prefix = pg8000-
================================================
FILE: setup.py
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env python
import versioneer
from setuptools import setup
long_description = """\
pg8000
------
pg8000 is a Pure-Python interface to the PostgreSQL database engine. It is \
one of many PostgreSQL interfaces for the Python programming language. pg8000 \
is somewhat distinctive in that it is written entirely in Python and does not \
rely on any external libraries (such as a compiled python module, or \
PostgreSQL's libpq library). pg8000 supports the standard Python DB-API \
version 2.0.
pg8000's name comes from the belief that it is probably about the 8000th \
PostgreSQL interface for Python."""
cmdclass = dict(versioneer.get_cmdclass())
version = versioneer.get_version()
setup(
name="pg8000",
version=version,
cmdclass=cmdclass,
description="PostgreSQL interface library",
long_description=long_description,
author="Mathieu Fenniak",
author_email="biziqe@mathieu.fenniak.net",
url="https://github.com/mfenniak/pg8000",
license="BSD",
install_requires=[
"six>=1.10.0",
],
classifiers=[
"Development Status :: 4 - Beta",
"Intended Audience :: Developers",
"License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License",
"Programming Language :: Python",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 2",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4",
"Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5",
"Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation",
"Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
"Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: Jython",
"Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy",
"Operating System :: OS Independent",
"Topic :: Database :: Front-Ends",
"Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules",
],
keywords="postgresql dbapi",
packages=("pg8000",),
command_options={
'build_sphinx': {
'version': ('setup.py', version),
'release': ('setup.py', version)}},
)
================================================
FILE: tests/connection_settings.py
================================================
db_connect = {
'user': 'postgres',
'password': 'pw',
'port': 5432}
================================================
FILE: tests/dbapi20.py
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env python
import unittest
import time
import warnings
from six import b
''' Python DB API 2.0 driver compliance unit test suite.
This software is Public Domain and may be used without restrictions.
"Now we have booze and barflies entering the discussion, plus rumours of
DBAs on drugs... and I won't tell you what flashes through my mind each
time I read the subject line with 'Anal Compliance' in it. All around
this is turning out to be a thoroughly unwholesome unit test."
-- Ian Bicking
'''
__rcs_id__ = '$Id: dbapi20.py,v 1.10 2003/10/09 03:14:14 zenzen Exp $'
__version__ = '$Revision: 1.10 $'[11:-2]
__author__ = 'Stuart Bishop '
# $Log: dbapi20.py,v $
# Revision 1.10 2003/10/09 03:14:14 zenzen
# Add test for DB API 2.0 optional extension, where database exceptions
# are exposed as attributes on the Connection object.
#
# Revision 1.9 2003/08/13 01:16:36 zenzen
# Minor tweak from Stefan Fleiter
#
# Revision 1.8 2003/04/10 00:13:25 zenzen
# Changes, as per suggestions by M.-A. Lemburg
# - Add a table prefix, to ensure namespace collisions can always be avoided
#
# Revision 1.7 2003/02/26 23:33:37 zenzen
# Break out DDL into helper functions, as per request by David Rushby
#
# Revision 1.6 2003/02/21 03:04:33 zenzen
# Stuff from Henrik Ekelund:
# added test_None
# added test_nextset & hooks
#
# Revision 1.5 2003/02/17 22:08:43 zenzen
# Implement suggestions and code from Henrik Eklund - test that
# cursor.arraysize defaults to 1 & generic cursor.callproc test added
#
# Revision 1.4 2003/02/15 00:16:33 zenzen
# Changes, as per suggestions and bug reports by M.-A. Lemburg,
# Matthew T. Kromer, Federico Di Gregorio and Daniel Dittmar
# - Class renamed
# - Now a subclass of TestCase, to avoid requiring the driver stub
# to use multiple inheritance
# - Reversed the polarity of buggy test in test_description
# - Test exception heirarchy correctly
# - self.populate is now self._populate(), so if a driver stub
# overrides self.ddl1 this change propogates
# - VARCHAR columns now have a width, which will hopefully make the
# DDL even more portible (this will be reversed if it causes more problems)
# - cursor.rowcount being checked after various execute and fetchXXX methods
# - Check for fetchall and fetchmany returning empty lists after results
# are exhausted (already checking for empty lists if select retrieved
# nothing
# - Fix bugs in test_setoutputsize_basic and test_setinputsizes
#
class DatabaseAPI20Test(unittest.TestCase):
''' Test a database self.driver for DB API 2.0 compatibility.
This implementation tests Gadfly, but the TestCase
is structured so that other self.drivers can subclass this
test case to ensure compiliance with the DB-API. It is
expected that this TestCase may be expanded in the future
if ambiguities or edge conditions are discovered.
The 'Optional Extensions' are not yet being tested.
self.drivers should subclass this test, overriding setUp, tearDown,
self.driver, connect_args and connect_kw_args. Class specification
should be as follows:
import dbapi20
class mytest(dbapi20.DatabaseAPI20Test):
[...]
Don't 'import DatabaseAPI20Test from dbapi20', or you will
confuse the unit tester - just 'import dbapi20'.
'''
# The self.driver module. This should be the module where the 'connect'
# method is to be found
driver = None
connect_args = () # List of arguments to pass to connect
connect_kw_args = {} # Keyword arguments for connect
table_prefix = 'dbapi20test_' # If you need to specify a prefix for tables
ddl1 = 'create table %sbooze (name varchar(20))' % table_prefix
ddl2 = 'create table %sbarflys (name varchar(20))' % table_prefix
xddl1 = 'drop table %sbooze' % table_prefix
xddl2 = 'drop table %sbarflys' % table_prefix
# Name of stored procedure to convert
# string->lowercase
lowerfunc = 'lower'
# Some drivers may need to override these helpers, for example adding
# a 'commit' after the execute.
def executeDDL1(self, cursor):
cursor.execute(self.ddl1)
def executeDDL2(self, cursor):
cursor.execute(self.ddl2)
def setUp(self):
''' self.drivers should override this method to perform required setup
if any is necessary, such as creating the database.
'''
pass
def tearDown(self):
''' self.drivers should override this method to perform required
cleanup if any is necessary, such as deleting the test database.
The default drops the tables that may be created.
'''
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
for ddl in (self.xddl1, self.xddl2):
try:
cur.execute(ddl)
con.commit()
except self.driver.Error:
# Assume table didn't exist. Other tests will check if
# execute is busted.
pass
finally:
con.close()
def _connect(self):
try:
return self.driver.connect(
*self.connect_args, **self.connect_kw_args)
except AttributeError:
self.fail("No connect method found in self.driver module")
def test_connect(self):
con = self._connect()
con.close()
def test_apilevel(self):
try:
# Must exist
apilevel = self.driver.apilevel
# Must equal 2.0
self.assertEqual(apilevel, '2.0')
except AttributeError:
self.fail("Driver doesn't define apilevel")
def test_threadsafety(self):
try:
# Must exist
threadsafety = self.driver.threadsafety
# Must be a valid value
self.assertEqual(threadsafety in (0, 1, 2, 3), True)
except AttributeError:
self.fail("Driver doesn't define threadsafety")
def test_paramstyle(self):
try:
# Must exist
paramstyle = self.driver.paramstyle
# Must be a valid value
self.assertEqual(
paramstyle in (
'qmark', 'numeric', 'named', 'format', 'pyformat'), True)
except AttributeError:
self.fail("Driver doesn't define paramstyle")
def test_Exceptions(self):
# Make sure required exceptions exist, and are in the
# defined heirarchy.
self.assertEqual(issubclass(self.driver.Warning, Exception), True)
self.assertEqual(issubclass(self.driver.Error, Exception), True)
self.assertEqual(
issubclass(self.driver.InterfaceError, self.driver.Error), True)
self.assertEqual(
issubclass(self.driver.DatabaseError, self.driver.Error), True)
self.assertEqual(
issubclass(self.driver.OperationalError, self.driver.Error), True)
self.assertEqual(
issubclass(self.driver.IntegrityError, self.driver.Error), True)
self.assertEqual(
issubclass(self.driver.InternalError, self.driver.Error), True)
self.assertEqual(
issubclass(self.driver.ProgrammingError, self.driver.Error), True)
self.assertEqual(
issubclass(self.driver.NotSupportedError, self.driver.Error), True)
def test_ExceptionsAsConnectionAttributes(self):
# OPTIONAL EXTENSION
# Test for the optional DB API 2.0 extension, where the exceptions
# are exposed as attributes on the Connection object
# I figure this optional extension will be implemented by any
# driver author who is using this test suite, so it is enabled
# by default.
warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
con = self._connect()
drv = self.driver
self.assertEqual(con.Warning is drv.Warning, True)
self.assertEqual(con.Error is drv.Error, True)
self.assertEqual(con.InterfaceError is drv.InterfaceError, True)
self.assertEqual(con.DatabaseError is drv.DatabaseError, True)
self.assertEqual(con.OperationalError is drv.OperationalError, True)
self.assertEqual(con.IntegrityError is drv.IntegrityError, True)
self.assertEqual(con.InternalError is drv.InternalError, True)
self.assertEqual(con.ProgrammingError is drv.ProgrammingError, True)
self.assertEqual(con.NotSupportedError is drv.NotSupportedError, True)
warnings.resetwarnings()
con.close()
def test_commit(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
# Commit must work, even if it doesn't do anything
con.commit()
finally:
con.close()
def test_rollback(self):
con = self._connect()
# If rollback is defined, it should either work or throw
# the documented exception
if hasattr(con, 'rollback'):
try:
con.rollback()
except self.driver.NotSupportedError:
pass
con.close()
def test_cursor(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
con.cursor()
finally:
con.close()
def test_cursor_isolation(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
# Make sure cursors created from the same connection have
# the documented transaction isolation level
cur1 = con.cursor()
cur2 = con.cursor()
self.executeDDL1(cur1)
cur1.execute(
"insert into %sbooze values ('Victoria Bitter')" % (
self.table_prefix))
cur2.execute("select name from %sbooze" % self.table_prefix)
booze = cur2.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(len(booze), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(booze[0]), 1)
self.assertEqual(booze[0][0], 'Victoria Bitter')
finally:
con.close()
def test_description(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
self.executeDDL1(cur)
self.assertEqual(
cur.description, None,
'cursor.description should be none after executing a '
'statement that can return no rows (such as DDL)')
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
self.assertEqual(
len(cur.description), 1,
'cursor.description describes too many columns')
self.assertEqual(
len(cur.description[0]), 7,
'cursor.description[x] tuples must have 7 elements')
self.assertEqual(
cur.description[0][0].lower(), b('name'),
'cursor.description[x][0] must return column name')
self.assertEqual(
cur.description[0][1], self.driver.STRING,
'cursor.description[x][1] must return column type. Got %r'
% cur.description[0][1])
# Make sure self.description gets reset
self.executeDDL2(cur)
self.assertEqual(
cur.description, None,
'cursor.description not being set to None when executing '
'no-result statements (eg. DDL)')
finally:
con.close()
def test_rowcount(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
self.executeDDL1(cur)
self.assertEqual(
cur.rowcount, -1,
'cursor.rowcount should be -1 after executing no-result '
'statements')
cur.execute(
"insert into %sbooze values ('Victoria Bitter')" % (
self.table_prefix))
self.assertEqual(
cur.rowcount in (-1, 1), True,
'cursor.rowcount should == number or rows inserted, or '
'set to -1 after executing an insert statement')
cur.execute("select name from %sbooze" % self.table_prefix)
self.assertEqual(
cur.rowcount in (-1, 1), True,
'cursor.rowcount should == number of rows returned, or '
'set to -1 after executing a select statement')
self.executeDDL2(cur)
self.assertEqual(
cur.rowcount, -1,
'cursor.rowcount not being reset to -1 after executing '
'no-result statements')
finally:
con.close()
lower_func = 'lower'
def test_callproc(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
if self.lower_func and hasattr(cur, 'callproc'):
r = cur.callproc(self.lower_func, ('FOO',))
self.assertEqual(len(r), 1)
self.assertEqual(r[0], 'FOO')
r = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(len(r), 1, 'callproc produced no result set')
self.assertEqual(
len(r[0]), 1, 'callproc produced invalid result set')
self.assertEqual(
r[0][0], 'foo', 'callproc produced invalid results')
finally:
con.close()
def test_close(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
finally:
con.close()
# cursor.execute should raise an Error if called after connection
# closed
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, self.executeDDL1, cur)
# connection.commit should raise an Error if called after connection'
# closed.'
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, con.commit)
# connection.close should raise an Error if called more than once
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, con.close)
def test_execute(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
self._paraminsert(cur)
finally:
con.close()
def _paraminsert(self, cur):
self.executeDDL1(cur)
cur.execute("insert into %sbooze values ('Victoria Bitter')" % (
self.table_prefix))
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 1), True)
if self.driver.paramstyle == 'qmark':
cur.execute(
'insert into %sbooze values (?)' % self.table_prefix,
("Cooper's",))
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'numeric':
cur.execute(
'insert into %sbooze values (:1)' % self.table_prefix,
("Cooper's",))
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'named':
cur.execute(
'insert into %sbooze values (:beer)' % self.table_prefix,
{'beer': "Cooper's"})
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'format':
cur.execute(
'insert into %sbooze values (%%s)' % self.table_prefix,
("Cooper's",))
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'pyformat':
cur.execute(
'insert into %sbooze values (%%(beer)s)' % self.table_prefix,
{'beer': "Cooper's"})
else:
self.fail('Invalid paramstyle')
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 1), True)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
res = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(
len(res), 2, 'cursor.fetchall returned too few rows')
beers = [res[0][0], res[1][0]]
beers.sort()
self.assertEqual(
beers[0], "Cooper's",
'cursor.fetchall retrieved incorrect data, or data inserted '
'incorrectly')
self.assertEqual(
beers[1], "Victoria Bitter",
'cursor.fetchall retrieved incorrect data, or data inserted '
'incorrectly')
def test_executemany(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
self.executeDDL1(cur)
largs = [("Cooper's",), ("Boag's",)]
margs = [{'beer': "Cooper's"}, {'beer': "Boag's"}]
if self.driver.paramstyle == 'qmark':
cur.executemany(
'insert into %sbooze values (?)' % self.table_prefix,
largs
)
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'numeric':
cur.executemany(
'insert into %sbooze values (:1)' % self.table_prefix,
largs
)
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'named':
cur.executemany(
'insert into %sbooze values (:beer)' % self.table_prefix,
margs
)
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'format':
cur.executemany(
'insert into %sbooze values (%%s)' % self.table_prefix,
largs
)
elif self.driver.paramstyle == 'pyformat':
cur.executemany(
'insert into %sbooze values (%%(beer)s)' % (
self.table_prefix), margs)
else:
self.fail('Unknown paramstyle')
self.assertEqual(
cur.rowcount in (-1, 2), True,
'insert using cursor.executemany set cursor.rowcount to '
'incorrect value %r' % cur.rowcount)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
res = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(
len(res), 2,
'cursor.fetchall retrieved incorrect number of rows')
beers = [res[0][0], res[1][0]]
beers.sort()
self.assertEqual(beers[0], "Boag's", 'incorrect data retrieved')
self.assertEqual(beers[1], "Cooper's", 'incorrect data retrieved')
finally:
con.close()
def test_fetchone(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
# cursor.fetchone should raise an Error if called before
# executing a select-type query
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, cur.fetchone)
# cursor.fetchone should raise an Error if called after
# executing a query that cannnot return rows
self.executeDDL1(cur)
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, cur.fetchone)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
self.assertEqual(
cur.fetchone(), None,
'cursor.fetchone should return None if a query retrieves '
'no rows')
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 0), True)
# cursor.fetchone should raise an Error if called after
# executing a query that cannnot return rows
cur.execute(
"insert into %sbooze values ('Victoria Bitter')" % (
self.table_prefix))
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, cur.fetchone)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
r = cur.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(
len(r), 1,
'cursor.fetchone should have retrieved a single row')
self.assertEqual(
r[0], 'Victoria Bitter',
'cursor.fetchone retrieved incorrect data')
self.assertEqual(
cur.fetchone(), None,
'cursor.fetchone should return None if no more rows available')
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 1), True)
finally:
con.close()
samples = [
'Carlton Cold',
'Carlton Draft',
'Mountain Goat',
'Redback',
'Victoria Bitter',
'XXXX'
]
def _populate(self):
''' Return a list of sql commands to setup the DB for the fetch
tests.
'''
populate = [
"insert into %sbooze values ('%s')" % (self.table_prefix, s)
for s in self.samples]
return populate
def test_fetchmany(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
# cursor.fetchmany should raise an Error if called without
# issuing a query
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, cur.fetchmany, 4)
self.executeDDL1(cur)
for sql in self._populate():
cur.execute(sql)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
r = cur.fetchmany()
self.assertEqual(
len(r), 1,
'cursor.fetchmany retrieved incorrect number of rows, '
'default of arraysize is one.')
cur.arraysize = 10
r = cur.fetchmany(3) # Should get 3 rows
self.assertEqual(
len(r), 3,
'cursor.fetchmany retrieved incorrect number of rows')
r = cur.fetchmany(4) # Should get 2 more
self.assertEqual(
len(r), 2,
'cursor.fetchmany retrieved incorrect number of rows')
r = cur.fetchmany(4) # Should be an empty sequence
self.assertEqual(
len(r), 0,
'cursor.fetchmany should return an empty sequence after '
'results are exhausted')
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 6), True)
# Same as above, using cursor.arraysize
cur.arraysize = 4
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
r = cur.fetchmany() # Should get 4 rows
self.assertEqual(
len(r), 4,
'cursor.arraysize not being honoured by fetchmany')
r = cur.fetchmany() # Should get 2 more
self.assertEqual(len(r), 2)
r = cur.fetchmany() # Should be an empty sequence
self.assertEqual(len(r), 0)
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 6), True)
cur.arraysize = 6
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
rows = cur.fetchmany() # Should get all rows
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 6), True)
self.assertEqual(len(rows), 6)
self.assertEqual(len(rows), 6)
rows = [row[0] for row in rows]
rows.sort()
# Make sure we get the right data back out
for i in range(0, 6):
self.assertEqual(
rows[i], self.samples[i],
'incorrect data retrieved by cursor.fetchmany')
rows = cur.fetchmany() # Should return an empty list
self.assertEqual(
len(rows), 0,
'cursor.fetchmany should return an empty sequence if '
'called after the whole result set has been fetched')
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 6), True)
self.executeDDL2(cur)
cur.execute('select name from %sbarflys' % self.table_prefix)
r = cur.fetchmany() # Should get empty sequence
self.assertEqual(
len(r), 0,
'cursor.fetchmany should return an empty sequence if '
'query retrieved no rows')
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 0), True)
finally:
con.close()
def test_fetchall(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
# cursor.fetchall should raise an Error if called
# without executing a query that may return rows (such
# as a select)
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, cur.fetchall)
self.executeDDL1(cur)
for sql in self._populate():
cur.execute(sql)
# cursor.fetchall should raise an Error if called
# after executing a a statement that cannot return rows
self.assertRaises(self.driver.Error, cur.fetchall)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
rows = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, len(self.samples)), True)
self.assertEqual(
len(rows), len(self.samples),
'cursor.fetchall did not retrieve all rows')
rows = [r[0] for r in rows]
rows.sort()
for i in range(0, len(self.samples)):
self.assertEqual(
rows[i], self.samples[i],
'cursor.fetchall retrieved incorrect rows')
rows = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(
len(rows), 0,
'cursor.fetchall should return an empty list if called '
'after the whole result set has been fetched')
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, len(self.samples)), True)
self.executeDDL2(cur)
cur.execute('select name from %sbarflys' % self.table_prefix)
rows = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 0), True)
self.assertEqual(
len(rows), 0,
'cursor.fetchall should return an empty list if '
'a select query returns no rows')
finally:
con.close()
def test_mixedfetch(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
self.executeDDL1(cur)
for sql in self._populate():
cur.execute(sql)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
rows1 = cur.fetchone()
rows23 = cur.fetchmany(2)
rows4 = cur.fetchone()
rows56 = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(cur.rowcount in (-1, 6), True)
self.assertEqual(
len(rows23), 2, 'fetchmany returned incorrect number of rows')
self.assertEqual(
len(rows56), 2, 'fetchall returned incorrect number of rows')
rows = [rows1[0]]
rows.extend([rows23[0][0], rows23[1][0]])
rows.append(rows4[0])
rows.extend([rows56[0][0], rows56[1][0]])
rows.sort()
for i in range(0, len(self.samples)):
self.assertEqual(
rows[i], self.samples[i],
'incorrect data retrieved or inserted')
finally:
con.close()
def help_nextset_setUp(self, cur):
''' Should create a procedure called deleteme
that returns two result sets, first the
number of rows in booze then "name from booze"
'''
raise NotImplementedError('Helper not implemented')
def help_nextset_tearDown(self, cur):
'If cleaning up is needed after nextSetTest'
raise NotImplementedError('Helper not implemented')
def test_nextset(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
if not hasattr(cur, 'nextset'):
return
try:
self.executeDDL1(cur)
sql = self._populate()
for sql in self._populate():
cur.execute(sql)
self.help_nextset_setUp(cur)
cur.callproc('deleteme')
numberofrows = cur.fetchone()
assert numberofrows[0] == len(self.samples)
assert cur.nextset()
names = cur.fetchall()
assert len(names) == len(self.samples)
s = cur.nextset()
assert s is None, 'No more return sets, should return None'
finally:
self.help_nextset_tearDown(cur)
finally:
con.close()
'''
def test_nextset(self):
raise NotImplementedError('Drivers need to override this test')
'''
def test_arraysize(self):
# Not much here - rest of the tests for this are in test_fetchmany
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
self.assertEqual(
hasattr(cur, 'arraysize'), True,
'cursor.arraysize must be defined')
finally:
con.close()
def test_setinputsizes(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
cur.setinputsizes((25,))
self._paraminsert(cur) # Make sure cursor still works
finally:
con.close()
def test_setoutputsize_basic(self):
# Basic test is to make sure setoutputsize doesn't blow up
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
cur.setoutputsize(1000)
cur.setoutputsize(2000, 0)
self._paraminsert(cur) # Make sure the cursor still works
finally:
con.close()
def test_setoutputsize(self):
# Real test for setoutputsize is driver dependant
raise NotImplementedError('Driver need to override this test')
def test_None(self):
con = self._connect()
try:
cur = con.cursor()
self.executeDDL1(cur)
cur.execute(
'insert into %sbooze values (NULL)' % self.table_prefix)
cur.execute('select name from %sbooze' % self.table_prefix)
r = cur.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(len(r), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(r[0]), 1)
self.assertEqual(r[0][0], None, 'NULL value not returned as None')
finally:
con.close()
def test_Date(self):
self.driver.Date(2002, 12, 25)
self.driver.DateFromTicks(
time.mktime((2002, 12, 25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)))
# Can we assume this? API doesn't specify, but it seems implied
# self.assertEqual(str(d1),str(d2))
def test_Time(self):
self.driver.Time(13, 45, 30)
self.driver.TimeFromTicks(
time.mktime((2001, 1, 1, 13, 45, 30, 0, 0, 0)))
# Can we assume this? API doesn't specify, but it seems implied
# self.assertEqual(str(t1),str(t2))
def test_Timestamp(self):
self.driver.Timestamp(2002, 12, 25, 13, 45, 30)
self.driver.TimestampFromTicks(
time.mktime((2002, 12, 25, 13, 45, 30, 0, 0, 0)))
# Can we assume this? API doesn't specify, but it seems implied
# self.assertEqual(str(t1),str(t2))
def test_Binary(self):
self.driver.Binary(b('Something'))
self.driver.Binary(b(''))
def test_STRING(self):
self.assertEqual(
hasattr(self.driver, 'STRING'), True,
'module.STRING must be defined')
def test_BINARY(self):
self.assertEqual(
hasattr(self.driver, 'BINARY'), True,
'module.BINARY must be defined.')
def test_NUMBER(self):
self.assertTrue(
hasattr(self.driver, 'NUMBER'), 'module.NUMBER must be defined.')
def test_DATETIME(self):
self.assertEqual(
hasattr(self.driver, 'DATETIME'), True,
'module.DATETIME must be defined.')
def test_ROWID(self):
self.assertEqual(
hasattr(self.driver, 'ROWID'), True,
'module.ROWID must be defined.')
================================================
FILE: tests/performance.py
================================================
import pg8000
from pg8000.tests.connection_settings import db_connect
import time
import warnings
from contextlib import closing
from decimal import Decimal
whole_begin_time = time.time()
tests = (
("cast(id / 100 as int2)", 'int2'),
("cast(id as int4)", 'int4'),
("cast(id * 100 as int8)", 'int8'),
("(id %% 2) = 0", 'bool'),
("N'Static text string'", 'txt'),
("cast(id / 100 as float4)", 'float4'),
("cast(id / 100 as float8)", 'float8'),
("cast(id / 100 as numeric)", 'numeric'),
("timestamp '2001-09-28' + id * interval '1 second'", 'timestamp'),
)
with warnings.catch_warnings(), closing(pg8000.connect(**db_connect)) as db:
for txt, name in tests:
query = """SELECT {0} AS column1, {0} AS column2, {0} AS column3,
{0} AS column4, {0} AS column5, {0} AS column6, {0} AS column7
FROM (SELECT generate_series(1, 10000) AS id) AS tbl""".format(txt)
cursor = db.cursor()
print("Beginning %s test..." % name)
for i in range(1, 5):
begin_time = time.time()
cursor.execute(query)
for row in cursor:
pass
end_time = time.time()
print("Attempt %s - %s seconds." % (i, end_time - begin_time))
db.commit()
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE t1 (f1 serial primary key, "
"f2 bigint not null, f3 varchar(50) null, f4 bool)")
db.commit()
params = [(Decimal('7.4009'), 'season of mists...', True)] * 1000
print("Beginning executemany test...")
for i in range(1, 5):
begin_time = time.time()
cursor.executemany(
"insert into t1 (f2, f3, f4) values (%s, %s, %s)", params)
db.commit()
end_time = time.time()
print("Attempt {0} took {1} seconds.".format(i, end_time - begin_time))
print("Beginning reuse statements test...")
begin_time = time.time()
for i in range(2000):
cursor.execute("select count(*) from t1")
cursor.fetchall()
print("Took {0} seconds.".format(time.time() - begin_time))
print("Whole time - %s seconds." % (time.time() - whole_begin_time))
================================================
FILE: tests/stress.py
================================================
import pg8000
from pg8000.tests.connection_settings import db_connect
from contextlib import closing
with closing(pg8000.connect(**db_connect)) as db:
for i in range(100):
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute("""
SELECT n.nspname as "Schema",
pg_catalog.format_type(t.oid, NULL) AS "Name",
pg_catalog.obj_description(t.oid, 'pg_type') as "Description"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_type t
LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.typnamespace
left join pg_catalog.pg_namespace kj on n.oid = t.typnamespace
WHERE (t.typrelid = 0
OR (SELECT c.relkind = 'c'
FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c WHERE c.oid = t.typrelid))
AND NOT EXISTS(
SELECT 1 FROM pg_catalog.pg_type el
WHERE el.oid = t.typelem AND el.typarray = t.oid)
AND pg_catalog.pg_type_is_visible(t.oid)
ORDER BY 1, 2;""")
================================================
FILE: tests/test_connection.py
================================================
import unittest
import pg8000
from connection_settings import db_connect
from six import PY2, u
import sys
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
import socket
import struct
# Check if running in Jython
if 'java' in sys.platform:
from javax.net.ssl import TrustManager, X509TrustManager
from jarray import array
from javax.net.ssl import SSLContext
class TrustAllX509TrustManager(X509TrustManager):
'''Define a custom TrustManager which will blindly accept all
certificates'''
def checkClientTrusted(self, chain, auth):
pass
def checkServerTrusted(self, chain, auth):
pass
def getAcceptedIssuers(self):
return None
# Create a static reference to an SSLContext which will use
# our custom TrustManager
trust_managers = array([TrustAllX509TrustManager()], TrustManager)
TRUST_ALL_CONTEXT = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL")
TRUST_ALL_CONTEXT.init(None, trust_managers, None)
# Keep a static reference to the JVM's default SSLContext for restoring
# at a later time
DEFAULT_CONTEXT = SSLContext.getDefault()
def trust_all_certificates(f):
'''Decorator function that will make it so the context of the decorated
method will run with our TrustManager that accepts all certificates'''
def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
# Only do this if running under Jython
if 'java' in sys.platform:
from javax.net.ssl import SSLContext
SSLContext.setDefault(TRUST_ALL_CONTEXT)
try:
res = f(*args, **kwargs)
return res
finally:
SSLContext.setDefault(DEFAULT_CONTEXT)
else:
return f(*args, **kwargs)
return wrapped
# Tests related to connecting to a database.
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def testSocketMissing(self):
conn_params = {
'unix_sock': "/file-does-not-exist",
'user': "doesn't-matter"}
self.assertRaises(pg8000.InterfaceError, pg8000.connect, **conn_params)
def testDatabaseMissing(self):
data = db_connect.copy()
data["database"] = "missing-db"
self.assertRaises(pg8000.ProgrammingError, pg8000.connect, **data)
def testNotify(self):
try:
db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
self.assertEqual(list(db.notifications), [])
cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute("LISTEN test")
cursor.execute("NOTIFY test")
db.commit()
cursor.execute("VALUES (1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6)")
self.assertEqual(len(db.notifications), 1)
self.assertEqual(db.notifications[0][1], "test")
finally:
cursor.close()
db.close()
# This requires a line in pg_hba.conf that requires md5 for the database
# pg8000_md5
def testMd5(self):
data = db_connect.copy()
data["database"] = "pg8000_md5"
# Should only raise an exception saying db doesn't exist
if PY2:
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, pg8000.connect, **data)
else:
self.assertRaisesRegex(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, '3D000', pg8000.connect, **data)
# This requires a line in pg_hba.conf that requires gss for the database
# pg8000_gss
def testGss(self):
data = db_connect.copy()
data["database"] = "pg8000_gss"
# Should raise an exception saying gss isn't supported
if PY2:
self.assertRaises(pg8000.InterfaceError, pg8000.connect, **data)
else:
self.assertRaisesRegex(
pg8000.InterfaceError,
"Authentication method 7 not supported by pg8000.",
pg8000.connect, **data)
@trust_all_certificates
def testSsl(self):
data = db_connect.copy()
data["ssl"] = True
db = pg8000.connect(**data)
db.close()
# This requires a line in pg_hba.conf that requires 'password' for the
# database pg8000_password
def testPassword(self):
data = db_connect.copy()
data["database"] = "pg8000_password"
# Should only raise an exception saying db doesn't exist
if PY2:
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, pg8000.connect, **data)
else:
self.assertRaisesRegex(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, '3D000', pg8000.connect, **data)
def testUnicodeDatabaseName(self):
data = db_connect.copy()
data["database"] = "pg8000_sn\uFF6Fw"
# Should only raise an exception saying db doesn't exist
if PY2:
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, pg8000.connect, **data)
else:
self.assertRaisesRegex(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, '3D000', pg8000.connect, **data)
def testBytesDatabaseName(self):
data = db_connect.copy()
# Should only raise an exception saying db doesn't exist
if PY2:
data["database"] = "pg8000_sn\uFF6Fw"
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, pg8000.connect, **data)
else:
data["database"] = bytes("pg8000_sn\uFF6Fw", 'utf8')
self.assertRaisesRegex(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, '3D000', pg8000.connect, **data)
def testBytesPassword(self):
db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
# Create user
username = 'boltzmann'
password = u('cha\uFF6Fs')
cur = db.cursor()
# Delete user if left over from previous run
try:
cur.execute("drop role " + username)
except pg8000.ProgrammingError:
cur.execute("rollback")
cur.execute(
"create user " + username + " with password '" + password + "';")
cur.execute('commit;')
db.close()
data = db_connect.copy()
data['user'] = username
data['password'] = password.encode('utf8')
data['database'] = 'pg8000_md5'
if PY2:
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, pg8000.connect, **data)
else:
self.assertRaisesRegex(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, '3D000', pg8000.connect, **data)
db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
cur = db.cursor()
cur.execute("drop role " + username)
cur.execute("commit;")
db.close()
def testBrokenPipe(self):
db1 = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
db2 = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
try:
cur1 = db1.cursor()
cur2 = db2.cursor()
cur1.execute("select pg_backend_pid()")
pid1 = cur1.fetchone()[0]
cur2.execute("select pg_terminate_backend(%s)", (pid1,))
try:
cur1.execute("select 1")
except Exception as e:
self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, (socket.error, struct.error)))
cur2.close()
finally:
db1.close()
db2.close()
def testApplicatioName(self):
params = db_connect.copy()
params['application_name'] = 'my test application name'
db = pg8000.connect(**params)
cur = db.cursor()
if db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.2'):
cur.execute('select application_name from pg_stat_activity '
' where pid = pg_backend_pid()')
else:
# for pg9.1 and earlier, procpod field rather than pid
cur.execute('select application_name from pg_stat_activity '
' where procpid = pg_backend_pid()')
application_name = cur.fetchone()[0]
self.assertEqual(application_name, 'my test application name')
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_copy.py
================================================
import unittest
import pg8000
from connection_settings import db_connect
from six import b, BytesIO, u, iteritems
from sys import exc_info
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE t1")
except pg8000.DatabaseError:
e = exc_info()[1]
# the only acceptable error is:
msg = e.args[0]
code = msg['C']
self.assertEqual(
code, '42P01', # table does not exist
"incorrect error for drop table: " + str(msg))
self.db.rollback()
cursor.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE t1 (f1 int primary key, "
"f2 int not null, f3 varchar(50) null)")
finally:
cursor.close()
def tearDown(self):
self.db.close()
def testCopyToWithTable(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)", (1, 1, 1))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)", (2, 2, 2))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)", (3, 3, 3))
stream = BytesIO()
cursor.execute("copy t1 to stdout", stream=stream)
self.assertEqual(
stream.getvalue(), b("1\t1\t1\n2\t2\t2\n3\t3\t3\n"))
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 3)
self.db.commit()
finally:
cursor.close()
def testCopyToWithQuery(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
stream = BytesIO()
cursor.execute(
"COPY (SELECT 1 as One, 2 as Two) TO STDOUT WITH DELIMITER "
"'X' CSV HEADER QUOTE AS 'Y' FORCE QUOTE Two", stream=stream)
self.assertEqual(stream.getvalue(), b('oneXtwo\n1XY2Y\n'))
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 1)
self.db.rollback()
finally:
cursor.close()
def testCopyFromWithTable(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
stream = BytesIO(b("1\t1\t1\n2\t2\t2\n3\t3\t3\n"))
cursor.execute("copy t1 from STDIN", stream=stream)
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 3)
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY f1")
retval = cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval, ([1, 1, '1'], [2, 2, '2'], [3, 3, '3']))
self.db.rollback()
finally:
cursor.close()
def testCopyFromWithQuery(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
stream = BytesIO(b("f1Xf2\n1XY1Y\n"))
cursor.execute(
"COPY t1 (f1, f2) FROM STDIN WITH DELIMITER 'X' CSV HEADER "
"QUOTE AS 'Y' FORCE NOT NULL f1", stream=stream)
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 1)
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY f1")
retval = cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval, ([1, 1, None],))
self.db.commit()
finally:
cursor.close()
def testCopyFromWithError(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
stream = BytesIO(b("f1Xf2\n\n1XY1Y\n"))
cursor.execute(
"COPY t1 (f1, f2) FROM STDIN WITH DELIMITER 'X' CSV HEADER "
"QUOTE AS 'Y' FORCE NOT NULL f1", stream=stream)
self.assertTrue(False, "Should have raised an exception")
except:
args_dict = {
'S': u('ERROR'),
'C': u('22P02'),
'M': u('invalid input syntax for integer: ""'),
'W': u('COPY t1, line 2, column f1: ""'),
'F': u('numutils.c'),
'R': u('pg_atoi')
}
args = exc_info()[1].args[0]
for k, v in iteritems(args_dict):
self.assertEqual(args[k], v)
finally:
cursor.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_dbapi.py
================================================
import unittest
import os
import time
import pg8000
import datetime
from connection_settings import db_connect
from sys import exc_info
from six import b
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
# DBAPI compatible interface tests
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
# Neither Windows nor Jython 2.5.3 have a time.tzset() so skip
if hasattr(time, 'tzset'):
os.environ['TZ'] = "UTC"
time.tzset()
self.HAS_TZSET = True
else:
self.HAS_TZSET = False
try:
c = self.db.cursor()
try:
c = self.db.cursor()
c.execute("DROP TABLE t1")
except pg8000.DatabaseError:
e = exc_info()[1]
# the only acceptable error is table does not exist
self.assertEqual(e.args[0]['C'], '42P01')
self.db.rollback()
c.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE t1 "
"(f1 int primary key, f2 int not null, f3 varchar(50) null)")
c.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(1, 1, None))
c.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(2, 10, None))
c.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(3, 100, None))
c.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(4, 1000, None))
c.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(5, 10000, None))
self.db.commit()
finally:
c.close()
def tearDown(self):
self.db.close()
def testParallelQueries(self):
try:
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c2 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute("SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1")
while 1:
row = c1.fetchone()
if row is None:
break
f1, f2, f3 = row
c2.execute("SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1 WHERE f1 > %s", (f1,))
while 1:
row = c2.fetchone()
if row is None:
break
f1, f2, f3 = row
finally:
c1.close()
c2.close()
self.db.rollback()
def testQmark(self):
orig_paramstyle = pg8000.paramstyle
try:
pg8000.paramstyle = "qmark"
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute("SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1 WHERE f1 > ?", (3,))
while 1:
row = c1.fetchone()
if row is None:
break
f1, f2, f3 = row
self.db.rollback()
finally:
pg8000.paramstyle = orig_paramstyle
c1.close()
def testNumeric(self):
orig_paramstyle = pg8000.paramstyle
try:
pg8000.paramstyle = "numeric"
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute("SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1 WHERE f1 > :1", (3,))
while 1:
row = c1.fetchone()
if row is None:
break
f1, f2, f3 = row
self.db.rollback()
finally:
pg8000.paramstyle = orig_paramstyle
c1.close()
def testNamed(self):
orig_paramstyle = pg8000.paramstyle
try:
pg8000.paramstyle = "named"
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute(
"SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1 WHERE f1 > :f1", {"f1": 3})
while 1:
row = c1.fetchone()
if row is None:
break
f1, f2, f3 = row
self.db.rollback()
finally:
pg8000.paramstyle = orig_paramstyle
c1.close()
def testFormat(self):
orig_paramstyle = pg8000.paramstyle
try:
pg8000.paramstyle = "format"
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute("SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1 WHERE f1 > %s", (3,))
while 1:
row = c1.fetchone()
if row is None:
break
f1, f2, f3 = row
self.db.commit()
finally:
pg8000.paramstyle = orig_paramstyle
c1.close()
def testPyformat(self):
orig_paramstyle = pg8000.paramstyle
try:
pg8000.paramstyle = "pyformat"
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute(
"SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1 WHERE f1 > %(f1)s", {"f1": 3})
while 1:
row = c1.fetchone()
if row is None:
break
f1, f2, f3 = row
self.db.commit()
finally:
pg8000.paramstyle = orig_paramstyle
c1.close()
def testArraysize(self):
try:
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c1.arraysize = 3
c1.execute("SELECT * FROM t1")
retval = c1.fetchmany()
self.assertEqual(len(retval), c1.arraysize)
finally:
c1.close()
self.db.commit()
def testDate(self):
val = pg8000.Date(2001, 2, 3)
self.assertEqual(val, datetime.date(2001, 2, 3))
def testTime(self):
val = pg8000.Time(4, 5, 6)
self.assertEqual(val, datetime.time(4, 5, 6))
def testTimestamp(self):
val = pg8000.Timestamp(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
self.assertEqual(val, datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6))
def testDateFromTicks(self):
if self.HAS_TZSET:
val = pg8000.DateFromTicks(1173804319)
self.assertEqual(val, datetime.date(2007, 3, 13))
def testTimeFromTicks(self):
if self.HAS_TZSET:
val = pg8000.TimeFromTicks(1173804319)
self.assertEqual(val, datetime.time(16, 45, 19))
def testTimestampFromTicks(self):
if self.HAS_TZSET:
val = pg8000.TimestampFromTicks(1173804319)
self.assertEqual(val, datetime.datetime(2007, 3, 13, 16, 45, 19))
def testBinary(self):
v = pg8000.Binary(b("\x00\x01\x02\x03\x02\x01\x00"))
self.assertEqual(v, b("\x00\x01\x02\x03\x02\x01\x00"))
self.assertTrue(isinstance(v, pg8000.BINARY))
def testRowCount(self):
try:
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute("SELECT * FROM t1")
# Before PostgreSQL 9 we don't know the row count for a select
if self.db._server_version > LooseVersion('8.0.0'):
self.assertEqual(5, c1.rowcount)
c1.execute("UPDATE t1 SET f3 = %s WHERE f2 > 101", ("Hello!",))
self.assertEqual(2, c1.rowcount)
c1.execute("DELETE FROM t1")
self.assertEqual(5, c1.rowcount)
finally:
c1.close()
self.db.commit()
def testFetchMany(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.arraysize = 2
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM t1")
self.assertEqual(2, len(cursor.fetchmany()))
self.assertEqual(2, len(cursor.fetchmany()))
self.assertEqual(1, len(cursor.fetchmany()))
self.assertEqual(0, len(cursor.fetchmany()))
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
def testIterator(self):
from warnings import filterwarnings
filterwarnings("ignore", "DB-API extension cursor.next()")
filterwarnings("ignore", "DB-API extension cursor.__iter__()")
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM t1 ORDER BY f1")
f1 = 0
for row in cursor:
next_f1 = row[0]
assert next_f1 > f1
f1 = next_f1
except:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
# Vacuum can't be run inside a transaction, so we need to turn
# autocommit on.
def testVacuum(self):
self.db.autocommit = True
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("vacuum")
finally:
cursor.close()
def testPreparedStatement(self):
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute(
'PREPARE gen_series AS SELECT generate_series(1, 10);')
cursor.execute('EXECUTE gen_series')
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_error_recovery.py
================================================
import unittest
import pg8000
from connection_settings import db_connect
import warnings
import datetime
from sys import exc_info
class TestException(Exception):
pass
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
def tearDown(self):
self.db.close()
def raiseException(self, value):
raise TestException("oh noes!")
def testPyValueFail(self):
# Ensure that if types.py_value throws an exception, the original
# exception is raised (TestException), and the connection is
# still usable after the error.
orig = self.db.py_types[datetime.time]
self.db.py_types[datetime.time] = (
orig[0], orig[1], self.raiseException)
try:
c = self.db.cursor()
try:
try:
c.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (datetime.time(10, 30),))
c.fetchall()
# shouldn't get here, exception should be thrown
self.fail()
except TestException:
# should be TestException type, this is OK!
self.db.rollback()
finally:
self.db.py_types[datetime.time] = orig
# ensure that the connection is still usable for a new query
c.execute("VALUES ('hw3'::text)")
self.assertEqual(c.fetchone()[0], "hw3")
finally:
c.close()
def testNoDataErrorRecovery(self):
for i in range(1, 4):
try:
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE t1")
finally:
cursor.close()
except pg8000.DatabaseError:
e = exc_info()[1]
# the only acceptable error is 'table does not exist'
self.assertEqual(e.args[0]['C'], '42P01')
self.db.rollback()
def testClosedConnection(self):
warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
my_db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
cursor = my_db.cursor()
my_db.close()
try:
cursor.execute("VALUES ('hw1'::text)")
self.fail("Should have raised an exception")
except:
e = exc_info()[1]
self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, self.db.InterfaceError))
self.assertEqual(str(e), 'connection is closed')
warnings.resetwarnings()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_paramstyle.py
================================================
import unittest
import pg8000
# Tests of the convert_paramstyle function.
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def testQmark(self):
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"qmark", "SELECT ?, ?, \"field_?\" FROM t "
"WHERE a='say ''what?''' AND b=? AND c=E'?\\'test\\'?'")
self.assertEqual(
new_query, "SELECT $1, $2, \"field_?\" FROM t WHERE "
"a='say ''what?''' AND b=$3 AND c=E'?\\'test\\'?'")
self.assertEqual(make_args((1, 2, 3)), (1, 2, 3))
def testQmark2(self):
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"qmark", "SELECT ?, ?, * FROM t WHERE a=? AND b='are you ''sure?'")
self.assertEqual(
new_query,
"SELECT $1, $2, * FROM t WHERE a=$3 AND b='are you ''sure?'")
self.assertEqual(make_args((1, 2, 3)), (1, 2, 3))
def testNumeric(self):
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"numeric", "SELECT :2, :1, * FROM t WHERE a=:3")
self.assertEqual(new_query, "SELECT $2, $1, * FROM t WHERE a=$3")
self.assertEqual(make_args((1, 2, 3)), (1, 2, 3))
def testNamed(self):
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"named", "SELECT :f_2, :f1 FROM t WHERE a=:f_2")
self.assertEqual(new_query, "SELECT $1, $2 FROM t WHERE a=$1")
self.assertEqual(make_args({"f_2": 1, "f1": 2}), (1, 2))
def testFormat(self):
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"format", "SELECT %s, %s, \"f1_%%\", E'txt_%%' "
"FROM t WHERE a=%s AND b='75%%' AND c = '%' -- Comment with %")
self.assertEqual(
new_query,
"SELECT $1, $2, \"f1_%%\", E'txt_%%' FROM t WHERE a=$3 AND "
"b='75%%' AND c = '%' -- Comment with %")
self.assertEqual(make_args((1, 2, 3)), (1, 2, 3))
sql = r"""COMMENT ON TABLE test_schema.comment_test """ \
r"""IS 'the test % '' " \ table comment'"""
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle("format", sql)
self.assertEqual(new_query, sql)
def testFormatMultiline(self):
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"format", "SELECT -- Comment\n%s FROM t")
self.assertEqual(
new_query,
"SELECT -- Comment\n$1 FROM t")
def testPyformat(self):
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"pyformat", "SELECT %(f2)s, %(f1)s, \"f1_%%\", E'txt_%%' "
"FROM t WHERE a=%(f2)s AND b='75%%'")
self.assertEqual(
new_query,
"SELECT $1, $2, \"f1_%%\", E'txt_%%' FROM t WHERE a=$1 AND "
"b='75%%'")
self.assertEqual(make_args({"f2": 1, "f1": 2, "f3": 3}), (1, 2))
# pyformat should support %s and an array, too:
new_query, make_args = pg8000.core.convert_paramstyle(
"pyformat", "SELECT %s, %s, \"f1_%%\", E'txt_%%' "
"FROM t WHERE a=%s AND b='75%%'")
self.assertEqual(
new_query,
"SELECT $1, $2, \"f1_%%\", E'txt_%%' FROM t WHERE a=$3 AND "
"b='75%%'")
self.assertEqual(make_args((1, 2, 3)), (1, 2, 3))
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_pg8000_dbapi20.py
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env python
import dbapi20
import unittest
import pg8000
from connection_settings import db_connect
class Tests(dbapi20.DatabaseAPI20Test):
driver = pg8000
connect_args = ()
connect_kw_args = db_connect
lower_func = 'lower' # For stored procedure test
def test_nextset(self):
pass
def test_setoutputsize(self):
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_query.py
================================================
import unittest
import pg8000
from connection_settings import db_connect
from six import u
from sys import exc_info
import datetime
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
from warnings import filterwarnings
# Tests relating to the basic operation of the database driver, driven by the
# pg8000 custom interface.
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
filterwarnings("ignore", "DB-API extension cursor.next()")
filterwarnings("ignore", "DB-API extension cursor.__iter__()")
self.db.paramstyle = 'format'
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
try:
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE t1")
except pg8000.DatabaseError:
e = exc_info()[1]
# the only acceptable error is 'table does not exist'
self.assertEqual(e.args[0]['C'], '42P01')
self.db.rollback()
cursor.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE t1 (f1 int primary key, "
"f2 bigint not null, f3 varchar(50) null)")
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
def tearDown(self):
self.db.close()
def testDatabaseError(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, cursor.execute,
"INSERT INTO t99 VALUES (1, 2, 3)")
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.rollback()
def testParallelQueries(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(1, 1, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(2, 10, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(3, 100, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(4, 1000, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(5, 10000, None))
try:
c1 = self.db.cursor()
c2 = self.db.cursor()
c1.execute("SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1")
for row in c1:
f1, f2, f3 = row
c2.execute(
"SELECT f1, f2, f3 FROM t1 WHERE f1 > %s", (f1,))
for row in c2:
f1, f2, f3 = row
finally:
c1.close()
c2.close()
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.rollback()
def testParallelOpenPortals(self):
try:
c1, c2 = self.db.cursor(), self.db.cursor()
c1count, c2count = 0, 0
q = "select * from generate_series(1, %s)"
params = (100,)
c1.execute(q, params)
c2.execute(q, params)
for c2row in c2:
c2count += 1
for c1row in c1:
c1count += 1
finally:
c1.close()
c2.close()
self.db.rollback()
self.assertEqual(c1count, c2count)
# Run a query on a table, alter the structure of the table, then run the
# original query again.
def testAlter(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("select * from t1")
cursor.execute("alter table t1 drop column f3")
cursor.execute("select * from t1")
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.rollback()
# Run a query on a table, drop then re-create the table, then run the
# original query again.
def testCreate(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("select * from t1")
cursor.execute("drop table t1")
cursor.execute("create temporary table t1 (f1 int primary key)")
cursor.execute("select * from t1")
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.rollback()
def testInsertReturning(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE t2 (id serial, data text)")
# Test INSERT ... RETURNING with one row...
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t2 (data) VALUES (%s) RETURNING id",
("test1",))
row_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
cursor.execute("SELECT data FROM t2 WHERE id = %s", (row_id,))
self.assertEqual("test1", cursor.fetchone()[0])
# Before PostgreSQL 9 we don't know the row count for a select
if self.db._server_version > LooseVersion('8.0.0'):
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 1)
# Test with multiple rows...
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t2 (data) VALUES (%s), (%s), (%s) "
"RETURNING id", ("test2", "test3", "test4"))
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 3)
ids = tuple([x[0] for x in cursor])
self.assertEqual(len(ids), 3)
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.rollback()
def testRowCount(self):
# Before PostgreSQL 9 we don't know the row count for a select
if self.db._server_version > LooseVersion('8.0.0'):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
expected_count = 57
cursor.executemany(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
tuple((i, i, None) for i in range(expected_count)))
# Check rowcount after executemany
self.assertEqual(expected_count, cursor.rowcount)
self.db.commit()
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM t1")
# Check row_count without doing any reading first...
self.assertEqual(expected_count, cursor.rowcount)
# Check rowcount after reading some rows, make sure it still
# works...
for i in range(expected_count // 2):
cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(expected_count, cursor.rowcount)
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
# Restart the cursor, read a few rows, and then check rowcount
# again...
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM t1")
for i in range(expected_count // 3):
cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(expected_count, cursor.rowcount)
self.db.rollback()
# Should be -1 for a command with no results
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE t1")
self.assertEqual(-1, cursor.rowcount)
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
def testRowCountUpdate(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(1, 1, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(2, 10, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(3, 100, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(4, 1000, None))
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(5, 10000, None))
cursor.execute("UPDATE t1 SET f3 = %s WHERE f2 > 101", ("Hello!",))
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 2)
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
def testIntOid(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
# https://bugs.launchpad.net/pg8000/+bug/230796
cursor.execute(
"SELECT typname FROM pg_type WHERE oid = %s", (100,))
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.rollback()
def testUnicodeQuery(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute(
u(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e "
"(\u0438\u043c\u044f VARCHAR(50), "
"\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 VARCHAR(250))"))
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
def testExecutemany(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.executemany(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
((1, 1, 'Avast ye!'), (2, 1, None)))
cursor.executemany(
"select %s",
(
(datetime.datetime(2014, 5, 7, tzinfo=pg8000.core.utc), ),
(datetime.datetime(2014, 5, 7),)))
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
# Check that autocommit stays off
# We keep track of whether we're in a transaction or not by using the
# READY_FOR_QUERY message.
def testTransactions(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("commit")
cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO t1 (f1, f2, f3) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(1, 1, "Zombie"))
cursor.execute("rollback")
cursor.execute("select * from t1")
# Before PostgreSQL 9 we don't know the row count for a select
if self.db._server_version > LooseVersion('8.0.0'):
self.assertEqual(cursor.rowcount, 0)
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.commit()
def testIn(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute(
"SELECT typname FROM pg_type WHERE oid = any(%s)", ([16, 23],))
ret = cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(ret[0][0], 'bool')
finally:
cursor.close()
def test_no_previous_tpc(self):
try:
self.db.tpc_begin('Stacey')
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM pg_type")
self.db.tpc_commit()
finally:
cursor.close()
# Check that tpc_recover() doesn't start a transaction
def test_tpc_recover(self):
try:
self.db.tpc_recover()
cursor = self.db.cursor()
self.db.autocommit = True
# If tpc_recover() has started a transaction, this will fail
cursor.execute("VACUUM")
finally:
cursor.close()
# An empty query should raise a ProgrammingError
def test_empty_query(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
self.assertRaises(pg8000.ProgrammingError, cursor.execute, "")
finally:
cursor.close()
# rolling back when not in a transaction doesn't generate a warning
def test_rollback_no_transaction(self):
try:
# Remove any existing notices
self.db.notices.clear()
cursor = self.db.cursor()
# First, verify that a raw rollback does produce a notice
self.db.execute(cursor, "rollback", None)
self.assertEqual(1, len(self.db.notices))
# 25P01 is the code for no_active_sql_tronsaction. It has
# a message and severity name, but those might be
# localized/depend on the server version.
self.assertEqual(self.db.notices.pop().get(b'C'), b'25P01')
# Now going through the rollback method doesn't produce
# any notices because it knows we're not in a transaction.
self.db.rollback()
self.assertEqual(0, len(self.db.notices))
finally:
cursor.close()
def test_context_manager_class(self):
self.assertTrue('__enter__' in pg8000.core.Cursor.__dict__)
self.assertTrue('__exit__' in pg8000.core.Cursor.__dict__)
with self.db.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute('select 1')
def test_deallocate_prepared_statements(self):
try:
cursor = self.db.cursor()
cursor.execute("select * from t1")
cursor.execute("alter table t1 drop column f3")
cursor.execute("select count(*) from pg_prepared_statements")
res = cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(res[0][0], 1)
finally:
cursor.close()
self.db.rollback()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_typeconversion.py
================================================
import unittest
import pg8000
from pg8000 import PGJsonb, PGEnum
import datetime
import decimal
import struct
from connection_settings import db_connect
from six import b, PY2, u
import uuid
import os
import time
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
import sys
import json
import pytz
from collections import OrderedDict
IS_JYTHON = sys.platform.lower().count('java') > 0
# Type conversion tests
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.db = pg8000.connect(**db_connect)
self.cursor = self.db.cursor()
def tearDown(self):
self.cursor.close()
self.cursor = None
self.db.close()
def testTimeRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (datetime.time(4, 5, 6),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], datetime.time(4, 5, 6))
def testDateRoundtrip(self):
v = datetime.date(2001, 2, 3)
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testBoolRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (True,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], True)
def testNullRoundtrip(self):
# We can't just "SELECT %s" and set None as the parameter, since it has
# no type. That would result in a PG error, "could not determine data
# type of parameter %s". So we create a temporary table, insert null
# values, and read them back.
self.cursor.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE TestNullWrite "
"(f1 int4, f2 timestamp, f3 varchar)")
self.cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO TestNullWrite VALUES (%s, %s, %s)",
(None, None, None,))
self.cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM TestNullWrite")
retval = self.cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(retval, [None, None, None])
def testNullSelectFailure(self):
# See comment in TestNullRoundtrip. This test is here to ensure that
# this behaviour is documented and doesn't mysteriously change.
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ProgrammingError, self.cursor.execute,
"SELECT %s as f1", (None,))
self.db.rollback()
def testDecimalRoundtrip(self):
values = (
"1.1", "-1.1", "10000", "20000", "-1000000000.123456789", "1.0",
"12.44")
for v in values:
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (decimal.Decimal(v),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(str(retval[0][0]), v)
def testFloatRoundtrip(self):
# This test ensures that the binary float value doesn't change in a
# roundtrip to the server. That could happen if the value was
# converted to text and got rounded by a decimal place somewhere.
val = 1.756e-12
bin_orig = struct.pack("!d", val)
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (val,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
bin_new = struct.pack("!d", retval[0][0])
self.assertEqual(bin_new, bin_orig)
def test_float_plus_infinity_roundtrip(self):
v = float('inf')
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testStrRoundtrip(self):
v = "hello world"
self.cursor.execute(
"create temporary table test_str (f character varying(255))")
self.cursor.execute("INSERT INTO test_str VALUES (%s)", (v,))
self.cursor.execute("SELECT * from test_str")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
if PY2:
v = "hello \xce\x94 world"
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as varchar) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v.decode('utf8'))
def test_str_then_int(self):
v1 = "hello world"
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as varchar) as f1", (v1,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v1)
v2 = 1
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as varchar) as f1", (v2,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], str(v2))
def testUnicodeRoundtrip(self):
v = u("hello \u0173 world")
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as varchar) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testLongRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT %s", (50000000000000,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 50000000000000)
def testIntExecuteMany(self):
self.cursor.executemany("SELECT %s", ((1,), (40000,)))
self.cursor.fetchall()
v = ([None], [4])
self.cursor.execute(
"create temporary table test_int (f integer)")
self.cursor.executemany("INSERT INTO test_int VALUES (%s)", v)
self.cursor.execute("SELECT * from test_int")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval, v)
def testIntRoundtrip(self):
int2 = 21
int4 = 23
int8 = 20
test_values = [
(0, int2),
(-32767, int2),
(-32768, int4),
(+32767, int2),
(+32768, int4),
(-2147483647, int4),
(-2147483648, int8),
(+2147483647, int4),
(+2147483648, int8),
(-9223372036854775807, int8),
(+9223372036854775807, int8)]
for value, typoid in test_values:
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s", (value,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], value)
column_name, column_typeoid = self.cursor.description[0][0:2]
self.assertEqual(column_typeoid, typoid)
def testByteaRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT %s as f1",
(pg8000.Binary(b("\x00\x01\x02\x03\x02\x01\x00")),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], b("\x00\x01\x02\x03\x02\x01\x00"))
def test_bytearray_round_trip(self):
binary = b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x02\x01\x00'
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (bytearray(binary),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], binary)
def test_bytearray_subclass_round_trip(self):
class BClass(bytearray):
pass
binary = b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x02\x01\x00'
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (BClass(binary),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], binary)
def testTimestampRoundtrip(self):
v = datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 170000)
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
# Test that time zone doesn't affect it
# Jython 2.5.3 doesn't have a time.tzset() so skip
if not IS_JYTHON:
orig_tz = os.environ.get('TZ')
os.environ['TZ'] = "America/Edmonton"
time.tzset()
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
if orig_tz is None:
del os.environ['TZ']
else:
os.environ['TZ'] = orig_tz
time.tzset()
def testIntervalRoundtrip(self):
v = pg8000.Interval(microseconds=123456789, days=2, months=24)
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
v = datetime.timedelta(seconds=30)
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def test_enum_str_round_trip(self):
try:
self.cursor.execute(
"create type lepton as enum ('electron', 'muon', 'tau')")
except pg8000.ProgrammingError:
self.db.rollback()
v = 'muon'
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as lepton) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
self.cursor.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE testenum "
"(f1 lepton)")
self.cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO testenum VALUES (cast(%s as lepton))", ('electron',))
self.cursor.execute("drop table testenum")
self.cursor.execute("drop type lepton")
self.db.commit()
def test_enum_custom_round_trip(self):
class Lepton(object):
# Implements PEP 435 in the minimal fashion needed
__members__ = OrderedDict()
def __init__(self, name, value, alias=None):
self.name = name
self.value = value
self.__members__[name] = self
setattr(self.__class__, name, self)
if alias:
self.__members__[alias] = self
setattr(self.__class__, alias, self)
try:
self.cursor.execute(
"create type lepton as enum ('1', '2', '3')")
except pg8000.ProgrammingError:
self.db.rollback()
v = Lepton('muon', '2')
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT cast(%s as lepton) as f1", (PGEnum(v),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v.value)
self.cursor.execute("drop type lepton")
self.db.commit()
def test_enum_py_round_trip(self):
try:
from enum import Enum
class Lepton(Enum):
electron = '1'
muon = '2'
tau = '3'
try:
self.cursor.execute(
"create type lepton as enum ('1', '2', '3')")
except pg8000.ProgrammingError:
self.db.rollback()
v = Lepton.muon
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as lepton) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v.value)
self.cursor.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE testenum "
"(f1 lepton)")
self.cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO testenum VALUES (cast(%s as lepton))",
(Lepton.electron,))
self.cursor.execute("drop table testenum")
self.cursor.execute("drop type lepton")
self.db.commit()
except ImportError:
pass
def testXmlRoundtrip(self):
v = 'gatccgagtac'
self.cursor.execute("select xmlparse(content %s) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testUuidRoundtrip(self):
v = uuid.UUID('911460f2-1f43-fea2-3e2c-e01fd5b5069d')
self.cursor.execute("select %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testInetRoundtrip(self):
try:
import ipaddress
v = ipaddress.ip_network('192.168.0.0/28')
self.cursor.execute("select %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
v = ipaddress.ip_address('192.168.0.1')
self.cursor.execute("select %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
except ImportError:
for v in ('192.168.100.128/25', '192.168.0.1'):
self.cursor.execute(
"select cast(cast(%s as varchar) as inet) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testXidRoundtrip(self):
v = 86722
self.cursor.execute(
"select cast(cast(%s as varchar) as xid) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
# Should complete without an exception
self.cursor.execute(
"select * from pg_locks where transactionid = %s", (97712,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
def testInt2VectorIn(self):
self.cursor.execute("select cast('1 2' as int2vector) as f1")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], [1, 2])
# Should complete without an exception
self.cursor.execute("select indkey from pg_index")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
def testTimestampTzOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '2001-02-03 04:05:06.17 America/Edmonton'"
"::timestamp with time zone")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
dt = retval[0][0]
self.assertEqual(dt.tzinfo is not None, True, "no tzinfo returned")
self.assertEqual(
dt.astimezone(pg8000.utc),
datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 11, 5, 6, 170000, pg8000.utc),
"retrieved value match failed")
def testTimestampTzRoundtrip(self):
if not IS_JYTHON:
mst = pytz.timezone("America/Edmonton")
v1 = mst.localize(datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 170000))
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v1,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
v2 = retval[0][0]
self.assertNotEqual(v2.tzinfo, None)
self.assertEqual(v1, v2)
def testTimestampMismatch(self):
if not IS_JYTHON:
mst = pytz.timezone("America/Edmonton")
self.cursor.execute("SET SESSION TIME ZONE 'America/Edmonton'")
try:
self.cursor.execute(
"CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE TestTz "
"(f1 timestamp with time zone, "
"f2 timestamp without time zone)")
self.cursor.execute(
"INSERT INTO TestTz (f1, f2) VALUES (%s, %s)", (
# insert timestamp into timestamptz field (v1)
datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 170000),
# insert timestamptz into timestamp field (v2)
mst.localize(datetime.datetime(
2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 170000))))
self.cursor.execute("SELECT f1, f2 FROM TestTz")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
# when inserting a timestamp into a timestamptz field,
# postgresql assumes that it is in local time. So the value
# that comes out will be the server's local time interpretation
# of v1. We've set the server's TZ to MST, the time should
# be...
f1 = retval[0][0]
self.assertEqual(
f1, datetime.datetime(
2001, 2, 3, 11, 5, 6, 170000, pytz.utc))
# inserting the timestamptz into a timestamp field, pg8000
# converts the value into UTC, and then the PG server converts
# it into local time for insertion into the field. When we
# query for it, we get the same time back, like the tz was
# dropped.
f2 = retval[0][1]
self.assertEqual(
f2, datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 170000))
finally:
self.cursor.execute("SET SESSION TIME ZONE DEFAULT")
def testNameOut(self):
# select a field that is of "name" type:
self.cursor.execute("SELECT usename FROM pg_user")
self.cursor.fetchall()
# It is sufficient that no errors were encountered.
def testOidOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT oid FROM pg_type")
self.cursor.fetchall()
# It is sufficient that no errors were encountered.
def testBooleanOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast('t' as bool)")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertTrue(retval[0][0])
def testNumericOut(self):
for num in ('5000', '50.34'):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT " + num + "::numeric")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(str(retval[0][0]), num)
def testInt2Out(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 5000::smallint")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 5000)
def testInt4Out(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 5000::integer")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 5000)
def testInt8Out(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 50000000000000::bigint")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 50000000000000)
def testFloat4Out(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 1.1::real")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 1.1000000238418579)
def testFloat8Out(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 1.1::double precision")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 1.1000000000000001)
def testVarcharOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 'hello'::varchar(20)")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], "hello")
def testCharOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 'hello'::char(20)")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], "hello ")
def testTextOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT 'hello'::text")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], "hello")
def testIntervalOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '1 month 16 days 12 hours 32 minutes 64 seconds'"
"::interval")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
expected_value = pg8000.Interval(
microseconds=(12 * 60 * 60 * 1000 * 1000) +
(32 * 60 * 1000 * 1000) + (64 * 1000 * 1000),
days=16, months=1)
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], expected_value)
self.cursor.execute("select interval '30 seconds'")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
expected_value = datetime.timedelta(seconds=30)
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], expected_value)
self.cursor.execute("select interval '12 days 30 seconds'")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
expected_value = datetime.timedelta(days=12, seconds=30)
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], expected_value)
def testTimestampOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '2001-02-03 04:05:06.17'::timestamp")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(
retval[0][0], datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 170000))
# confirms that pg8000's binary output methods have the same output for
# a data type as the PG server
def testBinaryOutputMethods(self):
methods = (
("float8send", 22.2),
("timestamp_send", datetime.datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 789)),
("byteasend", pg8000.Binary(b("\x01\x02"))),
("interval_send", pg8000.Interval(1234567, 123, 123)),)
for method_out, value in methods:
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s(%%s) as f1" % method_out, (value,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(
retval[0][0], self.db.make_params((value,))[0][2](value))
def testInt4ArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '{1,2,3,4}'::INT[] AS f1, "
"'{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}'::INT[][] AS f2, "
"'{{{1,2},{3,4}},{{NULL,6},{7,8}}}'::INT[][][] AS f3")
f1, f2, f3 = self.cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(f1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(f2, [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
self.assertEqual(f3, [[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[None, 6], [7, 8]]])
def testInt2ArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '{1,2,3,4}'::INT2[] AS f1, "
"'{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}'::INT2[][] AS f2, "
"'{{{1,2},{3,4}},{{NULL,6},{7,8}}}'::INT2[][][] AS f3")
f1, f2, f3 = self.cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(f1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(f2, [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
self.assertEqual(f3, [[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[None, 6], [7, 8]]])
def testInt8ArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '{1,2,3,4}'::INT8[] AS f1, "
"'{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}'::INT8[][] AS f2, "
"'{{{1,2},{3,4}},{{NULL,6},{7,8}}}'::INT8[][][] AS f3")
f1, f2, f3 = self.cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(f1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(f2, [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
self.assertEqual(f3, [[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[None, 6], [7, 8]]])
def testBoolArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '{TRUE,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE}'::BOOL[] AS f1, "
"'{{TRUE,FALSE,TRUE},{FALSE,TRUE,FALSE}}'::BOOL[][] AS f2, "
"'{{{TRUE,FALSE},{FALSE,TRUE}},{{NULL,TRUE},{FALSE,FALSE}}}'"
"::BOOL[][][] AS f3")
f1, f2, f3 = self.cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(f1, [True, False, False, True])
self.assertEqual(f2, [[True, False, True], [False, True, False]])
self.assertEqual(
f3,
[[[True, False], [False, True]], [[None, True], [False, False]]])
def testFloat4ArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '{1,2,3,4}'::FLOAT4[] AS f1, "
"'{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}'::FLOAT4[][] AS f2, "
"'{{{1,2},{3,4}},{{NULL,6},{7,8}}}'::FLOAT4[][][] AS f3")
f1, f2, f3 = self.cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(f1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(f2, [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
self.assertEqual(f3, [[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[None, 6], [7, 8]]])
def testFloat8ArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT '{1,2,3,4}'::FLOAT8[] AS f1, "
"'{{1,2,3},{4,5,6}}'::FLOAT8[][] AS f2, "
"'{{{1,2},{3,4}},{{NULL,6},{7,8}}}'::FLOAT8[][][] AS f3")
f1, f2, f3 = self.cursor.fetchone()
self.assertEqual(f1, [1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(f2, [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
self.assertEqual(f3, [[[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[None, 6], [7, 8]]])
def testIntArrayRoundtrip(self):
# send small int array, should be sent as INT2[]
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", ([1, 2, 3],))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], [1, 2, 3])
column_name, column_typeoid = self.cursor.description[0][0:2]
self.assertEqual(column_typeoid, 1005, "type should be INT2[]")
# test multi-dimensional array, should be sent as INT2[]
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", ([[1, 2], [3, 4]],))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], [[1, 2], [3, 4]])
column_name, column_typeoid = self.cursor.description[0][0:2]
self.assertEqual(column_typeoid, 1005, "type should be INT2[]")
# a larger value should kick it up to INT4[]...
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1 -- integer[]", ([70000, 2, 3],))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], [70000, 2, 3])
column_name, column_typeoid = self.cursor.description[0][0:2]
self.assertEqual(column_typeoid, 1007, "type should be INT4[]")
# a much larger value should kick it up to INT8[]...
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT %s as f1 -- bigint[]", ([7000000000, 2, 3],))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(
retval[0][0], [7000000000, 2, 3],
"retrieved value match failed")
column_name, column_typeoid = self.cursor.description[0][0:2]
self.assertEqual(column_typeoid, 1016, "type should be INT8[]")
def testIntArrayWithNullRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", ([1, None, 3],))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], [1, None, 3])
def testFloatArrayRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", ([1.1, 2.2, 3.3],))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], [1.1, 2.2, 3.3])
def testBoolArrayRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", ([True, False, None],))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], [True, False, None])
def testStringArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{a,b,c}'::TEXT[] AS f1")
self.assertEqual(self.cursor.fetchone()[0], ["a", "b", "c"])
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{a,b,c}'::CHAR[] AS f1")
self.assertEqual(self.cursor.fetchone()[0], ["a", "b", "c"])
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{a,b,c}'::VARCHAR[] AS f1")
self.assertEqual(self.cursor.fetchone()[0], ["a", "b", "c"])
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{a,b,c}'::CSTRING[] AS f1")
self.assertEqual(self.cursor.fetchone()[0], ["a", "b", "c"])
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{a,b,c}'::NAME[] AS f1")
self.assertEqual(self.cursor.fetchone()[0], ["a", "b", "c"])
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{}'::text[];")
self.assertEqual(self.cursor.fetchone()[0], [])
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{NULL,\"NULL\",NULL,\"\"}'::text[];")
self.assertEqual(self.cursor.fetchone()[0], [None, 'NULL', None, ""])
def testNumericArrayOut(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT '{1.1,2.2,3.3}'::numeric[] AS f1")
self.assertEqual(
self.cursor.fetchone()[0], [
decimal.Decimal("1.1"), decimal.Decimal("2.2"),
decimal.Decimal("3.3")])
def testNumericArrayRoundtrip(self):
v = [decimal.Decimal("1.1"), None, decimal.Decimal("3.3")]
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testStringArrayRoundtrip(self):
v = [
"Hello!", "World!", "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", "",
"A bunch of random characters:",
" ~!@#$%^&*()_+`1234567890-=[]\\{}|{;':\",./<>?\t", None]
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testUnicodeArrayRoundtrip(self):
if PY2:
v = map(unicode, ("Second", "To", None)) # noqa
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testEmptyArray(self):
v = []
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
def testArrayContentNotSupported(self):
class Kajigger(object):
pass
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ArrayContentNotSupportedError,
self.db.array_inspect, [[Kajigger()], [None], [None]])
self.db.rollback()
def testArrayDimensions(self):
for arr in (
[1, [2]], [[1], [2], [3, 4]],
[[[1]], [[2]], [[3, 4]]],
[[[1]], [[2]], [[3, 4]]],
[[[[1]]], [[[2]]], [[[3, 4]]]],
[[1, 2, 3], [4, [5], 6]]):
arr_send = self.db.array_inspect(arr)[2]
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ArrayDimensionsNotConsistentError, arr_send, arr)
self.db.rollback()
def testArrayHomogenous(self):
arr = [[[1]], [[2]], [[3.1]]]
arr_send = self.db.array_inspect(arr)[2]
self.assertRaises(
pg8000.ArrayContentNotHomogenousError, arr_send, arr)
self.db.rollback()
def testArrayInspect(self):
self.db.array_inspect([1, 2, 3])
self.db.array_inspect([[1], [2], [3]])
self.db.array_inspect([[[1]], [[2]], [[3]]])
def testMacaddr(self):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT macaddr '08002b:010203'")
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], "08:00:2b:01:02:03")
def testTsvectorRoundtrip(self):
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT cast(%s as tsvector)",
('a fat cat sat on a mat and ate a fat rat',))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(
retval[0][0], "'a' 'and' 'ate' 'cat' 'fat' 'mat' 'on' 'rat' 'sat'")
def testHstoreRoundtrip(self):
val = '"a"=>"1"'
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as hstore)", (val,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], val)
def testJsonRoundtrip(self):
if self.db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.2'):
val = {'name': 'Apollo 11 Cave', 'zebra': True, 'age': 26.003}
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT %s", (pg8000.PGJson(val),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], val)
def testJsonbRoundtrip(self):
if self.db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.4'):
val = {'name': 'Apollo 11 Cave', 'zebra': True, 'age': 26.003}
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT cast(%s as jsonb)", (json.dumps(val),))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], val)
def test_json_access_object(self):
if self.db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.4'):
val = {'name': 'Apollo 11 Cave', 'zebra': True, 'age': 26.003}
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT cast(%s as json) -> %s", (json.dumps(val), 'name'))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 'Apollo 11 Cave')
def test_jsonb_access_object(self):
if self.db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.4'):
val = {'name': 'Apollo 11 Cave', 'zebra': True, 'age': 26.003}
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT cast(%s as jsonb) -> %s", (json.dumps(val), 'name'))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], 'Apollo 11 Cave')
def test_json_access_array(self):
if self.db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.4'):
val = [-1, -2, -3, -4, -5]
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT cast(%s as json) -> %s", (json.dumps(val), 2))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], -3)
def testJsonbAccessArray(self):
if self.db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.4'):
val = [-1, -2, -3, -4, -5]
self.cursor.execute(
"SELECT cast(%s as jsonb) -> %s", (json.dumps(val), 2))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], -3)
def test_jsonb_access_path(self):
if self.db._server_version >= LooseVersion('9.4'):
j = {
"a": [1, 2, 3],
"b": [4, 5, 6]}
path = ['a', '2']
self.cursor.execute("SELECT %s #>> %s", [PGJsonb(j), path])
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], str(j[path[0]][int(path[1])]))
def test_timestamp_send_float(self):
assert b('A\xbe\x19\xcf\x80\x00\x00\x00') == \
pg8000.core.timestamp_send_float(
datetime.datetime(2016, 1, 2, 0, 0))
def test_infinity_timestamp_roundtrip(self):
v = 'infinity'
self.cursor.execute("SELECT cast(%s as timestamp) as f1", (v,))
retval = self.cursor.fetchall()
self.assertEqual(retval[0][0], v)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tests/test_typeobjects.py
================================================
import unittest
from pg8000 import Interval
# Type conversion tests
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
pass
def tearDown(self):
pass
def testIntervalConstructor(self):
i = Interval(days=1)
self.assertEqual(i.months, 0)
self.assertEqual(i.days, 1)
self.assertEqual(i.microseconds, 0)
def intervalRangeTest(self, parameter, in_range, out_of_range):
for v in out_of_range:
try:
Interval(**{parameter: v})
self.fail("expected OverflowError")
except OverflowError:
pass
for v in in_range:
Interval(**{parameter: v})
def testIntervalDaysRange(self):
out_of_range_days = (-2147483648, +2147483648,)
in_range_days = (-2147483647, +2147483647,)
self.intervalRangeTest("days", in_range_days, out_of_range_days)
def testIntervalMonthsRange(self):
out_of_range_months = (-2147483648, +2147483648,)
in_range_months = (-2147483647, +2147483647,)
self.intervalRangeTest("months", in_range_months, out_of_range_months)
def testIntervalMicrosecondsRange(self):
out_of_range_microseconds = (
-9223372036854775808, +9223372036854775808,)
in_range_microseconds = (
-9223372036854775807, +9223372036854775807,)
self.intervalRangeTest(
"microseconds", in_range_microseconds, out_of_range_microseconds)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
================================================
FILE: tox.ini
================================================
# Tox (http://tox.testrun.org/) is a tool for running tests
# in multiple virtualenvs. This configuration file will run the
# test suite on all supported python versions. To use it, "pip install tox"
# and then run "tox" from this directory.
[tox]
skip_missing_interpreters=True
[testenv]
commands =
nosetests -x
python -m doctest README.adoc
flake8 pg8000
python setup.py check
deps =
nose
flake8
pytz
================================================
FILE: versioneer.py
================================================
# Version: 0.15
"""
The Versioneer
==============
* like a rocketeer, but for versions!
* https://github.com/warner/python-versioneer
* Brian Warner
* License: Public Domain
* Compatible With: python2.6, 2.7, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, and pypy
* [![Latest Version]
(https://pypip.in/version/versioneer/badge.svg?style=flat)
](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/versioneer/)
* [![Build Status]
(https://travis-ci.org/warner/python-versioneer.png?branch=master)
](https://travis-ci.org/warner/python-versioneer)
This is a tool for managing a recorded version number in distutils-based
python projects. The goal is to remove the tedious and error-prone "update
the embedded version string" step from your release process. Making a new
release should be as easy as recording a new tag in your version-control
system, and maybe making new tarballs.
## Quick Install
* `pip install versioneer` to somewhere to your $PATH
* add a `[versioneer]` section to your setup.cfg (see below)
* run `versioneer install` in your source tree, commit the results
## Version Identifiers
Source trees come from a variety of places:
* a version-control system checkout (mostly used by developers)
* a nightly tarball, produced by build automation
* a snapshot tarball, produced by a web-based VCS browser, like github's
"tarball from tag" feature
* a release tarball, produced by "setup.py sdist", distributed through PyPI
Within each source tree, the version identifier (either a string or a number,
this tool is format-agnostic) can come from a variety of places:
* ask the VCS tool itself, e.g. "git describe" (for checkouts), which knows
about recent "tags" and an absolute revision-id
* the name of the directory into which the tarball was unpacked
* an expanded VCS keyword ($Id$, etc)
* a `_version.py` created by some earlier build step
For released software, the version identifier is closely related to a VCS
tag. Some projects use tag names that include more than just the version
string (e.g. "myproject-1.2" instead of just "1.2"), in which case the tool
needs to strip the tag prefix to extract the version identifier. For
unreleased software (between tags), the version identifier should provide
enough information to help developers recreate the same tree, while also
giving them an idea of roughly how old the tree is (after version 1.2, before
version 1.3). Many VCS systems can report a description that captures this,
for example `git describe --tags --dirty --always` reports things like
"0.7-1-g574ab98-dirty" to indicate that the checkout is one revision past the
0.7 tag, has a unique revision id of "574ab98", and is "dirty" (it has
uncommitted changes.
The version identifier is used for multiple purposes:
* to allow the module to self-identify its version: `myproject.__version__`
* to choose a name and prefix for a 'setup.py sdist' tarball
## Theory of Operation
Versioneer works by adding a special `_version.py` file into your source
tree, where your `__init__.py` can import it. This `_version.py` knows how to
dynamically ask the VCS tool for version information at import time.
`_version.py` also contains `$Revision$` markers, and the installation
process marks `_version.py` to have this marker rewritten with a tag name
during the `git archive` command. As a result, generated tarballs will
contain enough information to get the proper version.
To allow `setup.py` to compute a version too, a `versioneer.py` is added to
the top level of your source tree, next to `setup.py` and the `setup.cfg`
that configures it. This overrides several distutils/setuptools commands to
compute the version when invoked, and changes `setup.py build` and `setup.py
sdist` to replace `_version.py` with a small static file that contains just
the generated version data.
## Installation
First, decide on values for the following configuration variables:
* `VCS`: the version control system you use. Currently accepts "git".
* `style`: the style of version string to be produced. See "Styles" below for
details. Defaults to "pep440", which looks like
`TAG[+DISTANCE.gSHORTHASH[.dirty]]`.
* `versionfile_source`:
A project-relative pathname into which the generated version strings should
be written. This is usually a `_version.py` next to your project's main
`__init__.py` file, so it can be imported at runtime. If your project uses
`src/myproject/__init__.py`, this should be `src/myproject/_version.py`.
This file should be checked in to your VCS as usual: the copy created below
by `setup.py setup_versioneer` will include code that parses expanded VCS
keywords in generated tarballs. The 'build' and 'sdist' commands will
replace it with a copy that has just the calculated version string.
This must be set even if your project does not have any modules (and will
therefore never import `_version.py`), since "setup.py sdist" -based trees
still need somewhere to record the pre-calculated version strings. Anywhere
in the source tree should do. If there is a `__init__.py` next to your
`_version.py`, the `setup.py setup_versioneer` command (described below)
will append some `__version__`-setting assignments, if they aren't already
present.
* `versionfile_build`:
Like `versionfile_source`, but relative to the build directory instead of
the source directory. These will differ when your setup.py uses
'package_dir='. If you have `package_dir={'myproject': 'src/myproject'}`,
then you will probably have `versionfile_build='myproject/_version.py'` and
`versionfile_source='src/myproject/_version.py'`.
If this is set to None, then `setup.py build` will not attempt to rewrite
any `_version.py` in the built tree. If your project does not have any
libraries (e.g. if it only builds a script), then you should use
`versionfile_build = None` and override `distutils.command.build_scripts`
to explicitly insert a copy of `versioneer.get_version()` into your
generated script.
* `tag_prefix`:
a string, like 'PROJECTNAME-', which appears at the start of all VCS tags.
If your tags look like 'myproject-1.2.0', then you should use
tag_prefix='myproject-'. If you use unprefixed tags like '1.2.0', this
should be an empty string.
* `parentdir_prefix`:
a optional string, frequently the same as tag_prefix, which appears at the
start of all unpacked tarball filenames. If your tarball unpacks into
'myproject-1.2.0', this should be 'myproject-'. To disable this feature,
just omit the field from your `setup.cfg`.
This tool provides one script, named `versioneer`. That script has one mode,
"install", which writes a copy of `versioneer.py` into the current directory
and runs `versioneer.py setup` to finish the installation.
To versioneer-enable your project:
* 1: Modify your `setup.cfg`, adding a section named `[versioneer]` and
populating it with the configuration values you decided earlier (note that
the option names are not case-sensitive):
````
[versioneer]
VCS = git
style = pep440
versionfile_source = src/myproject/_version.py
versionfile_build = myproject/_version.py
tag_prefix = ""
parentdir_prefix = myproject-
````
* 2: Run `versioneer install`. This will do the following:
* copy `versioneer.py` into the top of your source tree
* create `_version.py` in the right place (`versionfile_source`)
* modify your `__init__.py` (if one exists next to `_version.py`) to define
`__version__` (by calling a function from `_version.py`)
* modify your `MANIFEST.in` to include both `versioneer.py` and the
generated `_version.py` in sdist tarballs
`versioneer install` will complain about any problems it finds with your
`setup.py` or `setup.cfg`. Run it multiple times until you have fixed all
the problems.
* 3: add a `import versioneer` to your setup.py, and add the following
arguments to the setup() call:
version=versioneer.get_version(),
cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass(),
* 4: commit these changes to your VCS. To make sure you won't forget,
`versioneer install` will mark everything it touched for addition using
`git add`. Don't forget to add `setup.py` and `setup.cfg` too.
## Post-Installation Usage
Once established, all uses of your tree from a VCS checkout should get the
current version string. All generated tarballs should include an embedded
version string (so users who unpack them will not need a VCS tool installed).
If you distribute your project through PyPI, then the release process should
boil down to two steps:
* 1: git tag 1.0
* 2: python setup.py register sdist upload
If you distribute it through github (i.e. users use github to generate
tarballs with `git archive`), the process is:
* 1: git tag 1.0
* 2: git push; git push --tags
Versioneer will report "0+untagged.NUMCOMMITS.gHASH" until your tree has at
least one tag in its history.
## Version-String Flavors
Code which uses Versioneer can learn about its version string at runtime by
importing `_version` from your main `__init__.py` file and running the
`get_versions()` function. From the "outside" (e.g. in `setup.py`), you can
import the top-level `versioneer.py` and run `get_versions()`.
Both functions return a dictionary with different flavors of version
information:
* `['version']`: A condensed version string, rendered using the selected
style. This is the most commonly used value for the project's version
string. The default "pep440" style yields strings like `0.11`,
`0.11+2.g1076c97`, or `0.11+2.g1076c97.dirty`. See the "Styles" section
below for alternative styles.
* `['full-revisionid']`: detailed revision identifier. For Git, this is the
full SHA1 commit id, e.g. "1076c978a8d3cfc70f408fe5974aa6c092c949ac".
* `['dirty']`: a boolean, True if the tree has uncommitted changes. Note that
this is only accurate if run in a VCS checkout, otherwise it is likely to
be False or None
* `['error']`: if the version string could not be computed, this will be set
to a string describing the problem, otherwise it will be None. It may be
useful to throw an exception in setup.py if this is set, to avoid e.g.
creating tarballs with a version string of "unknown".
Some variants are more useful than others. Including `full-revisionid` in a
bug report should allow developers to reconstruct the exact code being tested
(or indicate the presence of local changes that should be shared with the
developers). `version` is suitable for display in an "about" box or a CLI
`--version` output: it can be easily compared against release notes and lists
of bugs fixed in various releases.
The installer adds the following text to your `__init__.py` to place a basic
version in `YOURPROJECT.__version__`:
from ._version import get_versions
__version__ = get_versions()['version']
del get_versions
## Styles
The setup.cfg `style=` configuration controls how the VCS information is
rendered into a version string.
The default style, "pep440", produces a PEP440-compliant string, equal to the
un-prefixed tag name for actual releases, and containing an additional "local
version" section with more detail for in-between builds. For Git, this is
TAG[+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] , using information from `git describe --tags
--dirty --always`. For example "0.11+2.g1076c97.dirty" indicates that the
tree is like the "1076c97" commit but has uncommitted changes (".dirty"), and
that this commit is two revisions ("+2") beyond the "0.11" tag. For released
software (exactly equal to a known tag), the identifier will only contain the
stripped tag, e.g. "0.11".
Other styles are available. See details.md in the Versioneer source tree for
descriptions.
## Debugging
Versioneer tries to avoid fatal errors: if something goes wrong, it will tend
to return a version of "0+unknown". To investigate the problem, run `setup.py
version`, which will run the version-lookup code in a verbose mode, and will
display the full contents of `get_versions()` (including the `error` string,
which may help identify what went wrong).
## Updating Versioneer
To upgrade your project to a new release of Versioneer, do the following:
* install the new Versioneer (`pip install -U versioneer` or equivalent)
* edit `setup.cfg`, if necessary, to include any new configuration settings
indicated by the release notes
* re-run `versioneer install` in your source tree, to replace
`SRC/_version.py`
* commit any changed files
### Upgrading to 0.15
Starting with this version, Versioneer is configured with a `[versioneer]`
section in your `setup.cfg` file. Earlier versions required the `setup.py` to
set attributes on the `versioneer` module immediately after import. The new
version will refuse to run (raising an exception during import) until you
have provided the necessary `setup.cfg` section.
In addition, the Versioneer package provides an executable named
`versioneer`, and the installation process is driven by running `versioneer
install`. In 0.14 and earlier, the executable was named
`versioneer-installer` and was run without an argument.
### Upgrading to 0.14
0.14 changes the format of the version string. 0.13 and earlier used
hyphen-separated strings like "0.11-2-g1076c97-dirty". 0.14 and beyond use a
plus-separated "local version" section strings, with dot-separated
components, like "0.11+2.g1076c97". PEP440-strict tools did not like the old
format, but should be ok with the new one.
### Upgrading from 0.11 to 0.12
Nothing special.
### Upgrading from 0.10 to 0.11
You must add a `versioneer.VCS = "git"` to your `setup.py` before re-running
`setup.py setup_versioneer`. This will enable the use of additional
version-control systems (SVN, etc) in the future.
## Future Directions
This tool is designed to make it easily extended to other version-control
systems: all VCS-specific components are in separate directories like
src/git/ . The top-level `versioneer.py` script is assembled from these
components by running make-versioneer.py . In the future, make-versioneer.py
will take a VCS name as an argument, and will construct a version of
`versioneer.py` that is specific to the given VCS. It might also take the
configuration arguments that are currently provided manually during
installation by editing setup.py . Alternatively, it might go the other
direction and include code from all supported VCS systems, reducing the
number of intermediate scripts.
## License
To make Versioneer easier to embed, all its code is hereby released into the
public domain. The `_version.py` that it creates is also in the public
domain.
"""
from __future__ import print_function
try:
import configparser
except ImportError:
import ConfigParser as configparser
import errno
import json
import os
import re
import subprocess
import sys
class VersioneerConfig:
pass
def get_root():
# we require that all commands are run from the project root, i.e. the
# directory that contains setup.py, setup.cfg, and versioneer.py .
root = os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(os.getcwd()))
setup_py = os.path.join(root, "setup.py")
versioneer_py = os.path.join(root, "versioneer.py")
if not (os.path.exists(setup_py) or os.path.exists(versioneer_py)):
# allow 'python path/to/setup.py COMMAND'
root = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])))
setup_py = os.path.join(root, "setup.py")
versioneer_py = os.path.join(root, "versioneer.py")
if not (os.path.exists(setup_py) or os.path.exists(versioneer_py)):
err = ("Versioneer was unable to run the project root directory. "
"Versioneer requires setup.py to be executed from "
"its immediate directory (like 'python setup.py COMMAND'), "
"or in a way that lets it use sys.argv[0] to find the root "
"(like 'python path/to/setup.py COMMAND').")
raise VersioneerBadRootError(err)
try:
# Certain runtime workflows (setup.py install/develop in a setuptools
# tree) execute all dependencies in a single python process, so
# "versioneer" may be imported multiple times, and python's shared
# module-import table will cache the first one. So we can't use
# os.path.dirname(__file__), as that will find whichever
# versioneer.py was first imported, even in later projects.
me = os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(__file__))
if os.path.splitext(me)[0] != os.path.splitext(versioneer_py)[0]:
print("Warning: build in %s is using versioneer.py from %s"
% (os.path.dirname(me), versioneer_py))
except NameError:
pass
return root
def get_config_from_root(root):
# This might raise EnvironmentError (if setup.cfg is missing), or
# configparser.NoSectionError (if it lacks a [versioneer] section), or
# configparser.NoOptionError (if it lacks "VCS="). See the docstring at
# the top of versioneer.py for instructions on writing your setup.cfg .
setup_cfg = os.path.join(root, "setup.cfg")
parser = configparser.SafeConfigParser()
with open(setup_cfg, "r") as f:
parser.readfp(f)
VCS = parser.get("versioneer", "VCS") # mandatory
def get(parser, name):
if parser.has_option("versioneer", name):
return parser.get("versioneer", name)
return None
cfg = VersioneerConfig()
cfg.VCS = VCS
cfg.style = get(parser, "style") or ""
cfg.versionfile_source = get(parser, "versionfile_source")
cfg.versionfile_build = get(parser, "versionfile_build")
cfg.tag_prefix = get(parser, "tag_prefix")
cfg.parentdir_prefix = get(parser, "parentdir_prefix")
cfg.verbose = get(parser, "verbose")
return cfg
class NotThisMethod(Exception):
pass
# these dictionaries contain VCS-specific tools
LONG_VERSION_PY = {}
HANDLERS = {}
def register_vcs_handler(vcs, method): # decorator
def decorate(f):
if vcs not in HANDLERS:
HANDLERS[vcs] = {}
HANDLERS[vcs][method] = f
return f
return decorate
def run_command(commands, args, cwd=None, verbose=False, hide_stderr=False):
assert isinstance(commands, list)
p = None
for c in commands:
try:
dispcmd = str([c] + args)
# remember shell=False, so use git.cmd on windows, not just git
p = subprocess.Popen([c] + args, cwd=cwd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=(subprocess.PIPE if hide_stderr
else None))
break
except EnvironmentError:
e = sys.exc_info()[1]
if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
continue
if verbose:
print("unable to run %s" % dispcmd)
print(e)
return None
else:
if verbose:
print("unable to find command, tried %s" % (commands,))
return None
stdout = p.communicate()[0].strip()
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
stdout = stdout.decode()
if p.returncode != 0:
if verbose:
print("unable to run %s (error)" % dispcmd)
return None
return stdout
LONG_VERSION_PY['git'] = '''
# This file helps to compute a version number in source trees obtained from
# git-archive tarball (such as those provided by githubs download-from-tag
# feature). Distribution tarballs (built by setup.py sdist) and build
# directories (produced by setup.py build) will contain a much shorter file
# that just contains the computed version number.
# This file is released into the public domain. Generated by
# versioneer-0.15 (https://github.com/warner/python-versioneer)
import errno
import os
import re
import subprocess
import sys
def get_keywords():
# these strings will be replaced by git during git-archive.
# setup.py/versioneer.py will grep for the variable names, so they must
# each be defined on a line of their own. _version.py will just call
# get_keywords().
git_refnames = "%(DOLLAR)sFormat:%%d%(DOLLAR)s"
git_full = "%(DOLLAR)sFormat:%%H%(DOLLAR)s"
keywords = {"refnames": git_refnames, "full": git_full}
return keywords
class VersioneerConfig:
pass
def get_config():
# these strings are filled in when 'setup.py versioneer' creates
# _version.py
cfg = VersioneerConfig()
cfg.VCS = "git"
cfg.style = "%(STYLE)s"
cfg.tag_prefix = "%(TAG_PREFIX)s"
cfg.parentdir_prefix = "%(PARENTDIR_PREFIX)s"
cfg.versionfile_source = "%(VERSIONFILE_SOURCE)s"
cfg.verbose = False
return cfg
class NotThisMethod(Exception):
pass
LONG_VERSION_PY = {}
HANDLERS = {}
def register_vcs_handler(vcs, method): # decorator
def decorate(f):
if vcs not in HANDLERS:
HANDLERS[vcs] = {}
HANDLERS[vcs][method] = f
return f
return decorate
def run_command(commands, args, cwd=None, verbose=False, hide_stderr=False):
assert isinstance(commands, list)
p = None
for c in commands:
try:
dispcmd = str([c] + args)
# remember shell=False, so use git.cmd on windows, not just git
p = subprocess.Popen([c] + args, cwd=cwd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=(subprocess.PIPE if hide_stderr
else None))
break
except EnvironmentError:
e = sys.exc_info()[1]
if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
continue
if verbose:
print("unable to run %%s" %% dispcmd)
print(e)
return None
else:
if verbose:
print("unable to find command, tried %%s" %% (commands,))
return None
stdout = p.communicate()[0].strip()
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
stdout = stdout.decode()
if p.returncode != 0:
if verbose:
print("unable to run %%s (error)" %% dispcmd)
return None
return stdout
def versions_from_parentdir(parentdir_prefix, root, verbose):
# Source tarballs conventionally unpack into a directory that includes
# both the project name and a version string.
dirname = os.path.basename(root)
if not dirname.startswith(parentdir_prefix):
if verbose:
print("guessing rootdir is '%%s', but '%%s' doesn't start with "
"prefix '%%s'" %% (root, dirname, parentdir_prefix))
raise NotThisMethod("rootdir doesn't start with parentdir_prefix")
return {"version": dirname[len(parentdir_prefix):],
"full-revisionid": None,
"dirty": False, "error": None}
@register_vcs_handler("git", "get_keywords")
def git_get_keywords(versionfile_abs):
# the code embedded in _version.py can just fetch the value of these
# keywords. When used from setup.py, we don't want to import _version.py,
# so we do it with a regexp instead. This function is not used from
# _version.py.
keywords = {}
try:
f = open(versionfile_abs, "r")
for line in f.readlines():
if line.strip().startswith("git_refnames ="):
mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
if mo:
keywords["refnames"] = mo.group(1)
if line.strip().startswith("git_full ="):
mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
if mo:
keywords["full"] = mo.group(1)
f.close()
except EnvironmentError:
pass
return keywords
@register_vcs_handler("git", "keywords")
def git_versions_from_keywords(keywords, tag_prefix, verbose):
if not keywords:
raise NotThisMethod("no keywords at all, weird")
refnames = keywords["refnames"].strip()
if refnames.startswith("$Format"):
if verbose:
print("keywords are unexpanded, not using")
raise NotThisMethod("unexpanded keywords, not a git-archive tarball")
refs = set([r.strip() for r in refnames.strip("()").split(",")])
# starting in git-1.8.3, tags are listed as "tag: foo-1.0" instead of
# just "foo-1.0". If we see a "tag: " prefix, prefer those.
TAG = "tag: "
tags = set([r[len(TAG):] for r in refs if r.startswith(TAG)])
if not tags:
# Either we're using git < 1.8.3, or there really are no tags. We use
# a heuristic: assume all version tags have a digit. The old git %%d
# expansion behaves like git log --decorate=short and strips out the
# refs/heads/ and refs/tags/ prefixes that would let us distinguish
# between branches and tags. By ignoring refnames without digits, we
# filter out many common branch names like "release" and
# "stabilization", as well as "HEAD" and "master".
tags = set([r for r in refs if re.search(r'\d', r)])
if verbose:
print("discarding '%%s', no digits" %% ",".join(refs-tags))
if verbose:
print("likely tags: %%s" %% ",".join(sorted(tags)))
for ref in sorted(tags):
# sorting will prefer e.g. "2.0" over "2.0rc1"
if ref.startswith(tag_prefix):
r = ref[len(tag_prefix):]
if verbose:
print("picking %%s" %% r)
return {"version": r,
"full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
"dirty": False, "error": None
}
# no suitable tags, so version is "0+unknown", but full hex is still there
if verbose:
print("no suitable tags, using unknown + full revision id")
return {"version": "0+unknown",
"full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
"dirty": False, "error": "no suitable tags"}
@register_vcs_handler("git", "pieces_from_vcs")
def git_pieces_from_vcs(tag_prefix, root, verbose, run_command=run_command):
# this runs 'git' from the root of the source tree. This only gets called
# if the git-archive 'subst' keywords were *not* expanded, and
# _version.py hasn't already been rewritten with a short version string,
# meaning we're inside a checked out source tree.
if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(root, ".git")):
if verbose:
print("no .git in %%s" %% root)
raise NotThisMethod("no .git directory")
GITS = ["git"]
if sys.platform == "win32":
GITS = ["git.cmd", "git.exe"]
# if there is a tag, this yields TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty]
# if there are no tags, this yields HEX[-dirty] (no NUM)
describe_out = run_command(GITS, ["describe", "--tags", "--dirty",
"--always", "--long"],
cwd=root)
# --long was added in git-1.5.5
if describe_out is None:
raise NotThisMethod("'git describe' failed")
describe_out = describe_out.strip()
full_out = run_command(GITS, ["rev-parse", "HEAD"], cwd=root)
if full_out is None:
raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse' failed")
full_out = full_out.strip()
pieces = {}
pieces["long"] = full_out
pieces["short"] = full_out[:7] # maybe improved later
pieces["error"] = None
# parse describe_out. It will be like TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty] or HEX[-dirty]
# TAG might have hyphens.
git_describe = describe_out
# look for -dirty suffix
dirty = git_describe.endswith("-dirty")
pieces["dirty"] = dirty
if dirty:
git_describe = git_describe[:git_describe.rindex("-dirty")]
# now we have TAG-NUM-gHEX or HEX
if "-" in git_describe:
# TAG-NUM-gHEX
mo = re.search(r'^(.+)-(\d+)-g([0-9a-f]+)$', git_describe)
if not mo:
# unparseable. Maybe git-describe is misbehaving?
pieces["error"] = ("unable to parse git-describe output: '%%s'"
%% describe_out)
return pieces
# tag
full_tag = mo.group(1)
if not full_tag.startswith(tag_prefix):
if verbose:
fmt = "tag '%%s' doesn't start with prefix '%%s'"
print(fmt %% (full_tag, tag_prefix))
pieces["error"] = ("tag '%%s' doesn't start with prefix '%%s'"
%% (full_tag, tag_prefix))
return pieces
pieces["closest-tag"] = full_tag[len(tag_prefix):]
# distance: number of commits since tag
pieces["distance"] = int(mo.group(2))
# commit: short hex revision ID
pieces["short"] = mo.group(3)
else:
# HEX: no tags
pieces["closest-tag"] = None
count_out = run_command(GITS, ["rev-list", "HEAD", "--count"],
cwd=root)
pieces["distance"] = int(count_out) # total number of commits
return pieces
def plus_or_dot(pieces):
if "+" in pieces.get("closest-tag", ""):
return "."
return "+"
def render_pep440(pieces):
# now build up version string, with post-release "local version
# identifier". Our goal: TAG[+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] . Note that if you
# get a tagged build and then dirty it, you'll get TAG+0.gHEX.dirty
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. git_describe was just HEX. 0+untagged.DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
rendered += "%%d.g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dirty"
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0+untagged.%%d.g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"],
pieces["short"])
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dirty"
return rendered
def render_pep440_pre(pieces):
# TAG[.post.devDISTANCE] . No -dirty
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. 0.post.devDISTANCE
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"]:
rendered += ".post.dev%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0.post.dev%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
return rendered
def render_pep440_post(pieces):
# TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX] . The ".dev0" means dirty. Note that
# .dev0 sorts backwards (a dirty tree will appear "older" than the
# corresponding clean one), but you shouldn't be releasing software with
# -dirty anyways.
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
rendered += "g%%s" %% pieces["short"]
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0.post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
rendered += "+g%%s" %% pieces["short"]
return rendered
def render_pep440_old(pieces):
# TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]] . The ".dev0" means dirty.
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0.post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
return rendered
def render_git_describe(pieces):
# TAG[-DISTANCE-gHEX][-dirty], like 'git describe --tags --dirty
# --always'
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. HEX[-dirty] (note: no 'g' prefix)
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"]:
rendered += "-%%d-g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
else:
# exception #1
rendered = pieces["short"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += "-dirty"
return rendered
def render_git_describe_long(pieces):
# TAG-DISTANCE-gHEX[-dirty], like 'git describe --tags --dirty
# --always -long'. The distance/hash is unconditional.
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. HEX[-dirty] (note: no 'g' prefix)
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
rendered += "-%%d-g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
else:
# exception #1
rendered = pieces["short"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += "-dirty"
return rendered
def render(pieces, style):
if pieces["error"]:
return {"version": "unknown",
"full-revisionid": pieces.get("long"),
"dirty": None,
"error": pieces["error"]}
if not style or style == "default":
style = "pep440" # the default
if style == "pep440":
rendered = render_pep440(pieces)
elif style == "pep440-pre":
rendered = render_pep440_pre(pieces)
elif style == "pep440-post":
rendered = render_pep440_post(pieces)
elif style == "pep440-old":
rendered = render_pep440_old(pieces)
elif style == "git-describe":
rendered = render_git_describe(pieces)
elif style == "git-describe-long":
rendered = render_git_describe_long(pieces)
else:
raise ValueError("unknown style '%%s'" %% style)
return {"version": rendered, "full-revisionid": pieces["long"],
"dirty": pieces["dirty"], "error": None}
def get_versions():
# I am in _version.py, which lives at ROOT/VERSIONFILE_SOURCE. If we have
# __file__, we can work backwards from there to the root. Some
# py2exe/bbfreeze/non-CPython implementations don't do __file__, in which
# case we can only use expanded keywords.
cfg = get_config()
verbose = cfg.verbose
try:
return git_versions_from_keywords(get_keywords(), cfg.tag_prefix,
verbose)
except NotThisMethod:
pass
try:
root = os.path.realpath(__file__)
# versionfile_source is the relative path from the top of the source
# tree (where the .git directory might live) to this file. Invert
# this to find the root from __file__.
for i in cfg.versionfile_source.split('/'):
root = os.path.dirname(root)
except NameError:
return {"version": "0+unknown", "full-revisionid": None,
"dirty": None,
"error": "unable to find root of source tree"}
try:
pieces = git_pieces_from_vcs(cfg.tag_prefix, root, verbose)
return render(pieces, cfg.style)
except NotThisMethod:
pass
try:
if cfg.parentdir_prefix:
return versions_from_parentdir(cfg.parentdir_prefix, root, verbose)
except NotThisMethod:
pass
return {"version": "0+unknown", "full-revisionid": None,
"dirty": None,
"error": "unable to compute version"}
'''
@register_vcs_handler("git", "get_keywords")
def git_get_keywords(versionfile_abs):
# the code embedded in _version.py can just fetch the value of these
# keywords. When used from setup.py, we don't want to import _version.py,
# so we do it with a regexp instead. This function is not used from
# _version.py.
keywords = {}
try:
f = open(versionfile_abs, "r")
for line in f.readlines():
if line.strip().startswith("git_refnames ="):
mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
if mo:
keywords["refnames"] = mo.group(1)
if line.strip().startswith("git_full ="):
mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
if mo:
keywords["full"] = mo.group(1)
f.close()
except EnvironmentError:
pass
return keywords
@register_vcs_handler("git", "keywords")
def git_versions_from_keywords(keywords, tag_prefix, verbose):
if not keywords:
raise NotThisMethod("no keywords at all, weird")
refnames = keywords["refnames"].strip()
if refnames.startswith("$Format"):
if verbose:
print("keywords are unexpanded, not using")
raise NotThisMethod("unexpanded keywords, not a git-archive tarball")
refs = set([r.strip() for r in refnames.strip("()").split(",")])
# starting in git-1.8.3, tags are listed as "tag: foo-1.0" instead of
# just "foo-1.0". If we see a "tag: " prefix, prefer those.
TAG = "tag: "
tags = set([r[len(TAG):] for r in refs if r.startswith(TAG)])
if not tags:
# Either we're using git < 1.8.3, or there really are no tags. We use
# a heuristic: assume all version tags have a digit. The old git %d
# expansion behaves like git log --decorate=short and strips out the
# refs/heads/ and refs/tags/ prefixes that would let us distinguish
# between branches and tags. By ignoring refnames without digits, we
# filter out many common branch names like "release" and
# "stabilization", as well as "HEAD" and "master".
tags = set([r for r in refs if re.search(r'\d', r)])
if verbose:
print("discarding '%s', no digits" % ",".join(refs-tags))
if verbose:
print("likely tags: %s" % ",".join(sorted(tags)))
for ref in sorted(tags):
# sorting will prefer e.g. "2.0" over "2.0rc1"
if ref.startswith(tag_prefix):
r = ref[len(tag_prefix):]
if verbose:
print("picking %s" % r)
return {"version": r,
"full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
"dirty": False, "error": None
}
# no suitable tags, so version is "0+unknown", but full hex is still there
if verbose:
print("no suitable tags, using unknown + full revision id")
return {"version": "0+unknown",
"full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
"dirty": False, "error": "no suitable tags"}
@register_vcs_handler("git", "pieces_from_vcs")
def git_pieces_from_vcs(tag_prefix, root, verbose, run_command=run_command):
# this runs 'git' from the root of the source tree. This only gets called
# if the git-archive 'subst' keywords were *not* expanded, and
# _version.py hasn't already been rewritten with a short version string,
# meaning we're inside a checked out source tree.
if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(root, ".git")):
if verbose:
print("no .git in %s" % root)
raise NotThisMethod("no .git directory")
GITS = ["git"]
if sys.platform == "win32":
GITS = ["git.cmd", "git.exe"]
# if there is a tag, this yields TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty]
# if there are no tags, this yields HEX[-dirty] (no NUM)
describe_out = run_command(GITS, ["describe", "--tags", "--dirty",
"--always", "--long"],
cwd=root)
# --long was added in git-1.5.5
if describe_out is None:
raise NotThisMethod("'git describe' failed")
describe_out = describe_out.strip()
full_out = run_command(GITS, ["rev-parse", "HEAD"], cwd=root)
if full_out is None:
raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse' failed")
full_out = full_out.strip()
pieces = {}
pieces["long"] = full_out
pieces["short"] = full_out[:7] # maybe improved later
pieces["error"] = None
# parse describe_out. It will be like TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty] or HEX[-dirty]
# TAG might have hyphens.
git_describe = describe_out
# look for -dirty suffix
dirty = git_describe.endswith("-dirty")
pieces["dirty"] = dirty
if dirty:
git_describe = git_describe[:git_describe.rindex("-dirty")]
# now we have TAG-NUM-gHEX or HEX
if "-" in git_describe:
# TAG-NUM-gHEX
mo = re.search(r'^(.+)-(\d+)-g([0-9a-f]+)$', git_describe)
if not mo:
# unparseable. Maybe git-describe is misbehaving?
pieces["error"] = ("unable to parse git-describe output: '%s'"
% describe_out)
return pieces
# tag
full_tag = mo.group(1)
if not full_tag.startswith(tag_prefix):
if verbose:
fmt = "tag '%s' doesn't start with prefix '%s'"
print(fmt % (full_tag, tag_prefix))
pieces["error"] = ("tag '%s' doesn't start with prefix '%s'"
% (full_tag, tag_prefix))
return pieces
pieces["closest-tag"] = full_tag[len(tag_prefix):]
# distance: number of commits since tag
pieces["distance"] = int(mo.group(2))
# commit: short hex revision ID
pieces["short"] = mo.group(3)
else:
# HEX: no tags
pieces["closest-tag"] = None
count_out = run_command(GITS, ["rev-list", "HEAD", "--count"],
cwd=root)
pieces["distance"] = int(count_out) # total number of commits
return pieces
def do_vcs_install(manifest_in, versionfile_source, ipy):
GITS = ["git"]
if sys.platform == "win32":
GITS = ["git.cmd", "git.exe"]
files = [manifest_in, versionfile_source]
if ipy:
files.append(ipy)
try:
me = __file__
if me.endswith(".pyc") or me.endswith(".pyo"):
me = os.path.splitext(me)[0] + ".py"
versioneer_file = os.path.relpath(me)
except NameError:
versioneer_file = "versioneer.py"
files.append(versioneer_file)
present = False
try:
f = open(".gitattributes", "r")
for line in f.readlines():
if line.strip().startswith(versionfile_source):
if "export-subst" in line.strip().split()[1:]:
present = True
f.close()
except EnvironmentError:
pass
if not present:
f = open(".gitattributes", "a+")
f.write("%s export-subst\n" % versionfile_source)
f.close()
files.append(".gitattributes")
run_command(GITS, ["add", "--"] + files)
def versions_from_parentdir(parentdir_prefix, root, verbose):
# Source tarballs conventionally unpack into a directory that includes
# both the project name and a version string.
dirname = os.path.basename(root)
if not dirname.startswith(parentdir_prefix):
if verbose:
print("guessing rootdir is '%s', but '%s' doesn't start with "
"prefix '%s'" % (root, dirname, parentdir_prefix))
raise NotThisMethod("rootdir doesn't start with parentdir_prefix")
return {"version": dirname[len(parentdir_prefix):],
"full-revisionid": None,
"dirty": False, "error": None}
SHORT_VERSION_PY = """
# This file was generated by 'versioneer.py' (0.15) from
# revision-control system data, or from the parent directory name of an
# unpacked source archive. Distribution tarballs contain a pre-generated copy
# of this file.
import json
import sys
version_json = '''
%s
''' # END VERSION_JSON
def get_versions():
return json.loads(version_json)
"""
def versions_from_file(filename):
try:
with open(filename) as f:
contents = f.read()
except EnvironmentError:
raise NotThisMethod("unable to read _version.py")
mo = re.search(r"version_json = '''\n(.*)''' # END VERSION_JSON",
contents, re.M | re.S)
if not mo:
raise NotThisMethod("no version_json in _version.py")
return json.loads(mo.group(1))
def write_to_version_file(filename, versions):
os.unlink(filename)
contents = json.dumps(versions, sort_keys=True,
indent=1, separators=(",", ": "))
with open(filename, "w") as f:
f.write(SHORT_VERSION_PY % contents)
print("set %s to '%s'" % (filename, versions["version"]))
def plus_or_dot(pieces):
if "+" in pieces.get("closest-tag", ""):
return "."
return "+"
def render_pep440(pieces):
# now build up version string, with post-release "local version
# identifier". Our goal: TAG[+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] . Note that if you
# get a tagged build and then dirty it, you'll get TAG+0.gHEX.dirty
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. git_describe was just HEX. 0+untagged.DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
rendered += "%d.g%s" % (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dirty"
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0+untagged.%d.g%s" % (pieces["distance"],
pieces["short"])
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dirty"
return rendered
def render_pep440_pre(pieces):
# TAG[.post.devDISTANCE] . No -dirty
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. 0.post.devDISTANCE
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"]:
rendered += ".post.dev%d" % pieces["distance"]
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0.post.dev%d" % pieces["distance"]
return rendered
def render_pep440_post(pieces):
# TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX] . The ".dev0" means dirty. Note that
# .dev0 sorts backwards (a dirty tree will appear "older" than the
# corresponding clean one), but you shouldn't be releasing software with
# -dirty anyways.
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".post%d" % pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
rendered += "g%s" % pieces["short"]
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0.post%d" % pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
rendered += "+g%s" % pieces["short"]
return rendered
def render_pep440_old(pieces):
# TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]] . The ".dev0" means dirty.
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".post%d" % pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
else:
# exception #1
rendered = "0.post%d" % pieces["distance"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += ".dev0"
return rendered
def render_git_describe(pieces):
# TAG[-DISTANCE-gHEX][-dirty], like 'git describe --tags --dirty
# --always'
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. HEX[-dirty] (note: no 'g' prefix)
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
if pieces["distance"]:
rendered += "-%d-g%s" % (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
else:
# exception #1
rendered = pieces["short"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += "-dirty"
return rendered
def render_git_describe_long(pieces):
# TAG-DISTANCE-gHEX[-dirty], like 'git describe --tags --dirty
# --always -long'. The distance/hash is unconditional.
# exceptions:
# 1: no tags. HEX[-dirty] (note: no 'g' prefix)
if pieces["closest-tag"]:
rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
rendered += "-%d-g%s" % (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
else:
# exception #1
rendered = pieces["short"]
if pieces["dirty"]:
rendered += "-dirty"
return rendered
def render(pieces, style):
if pieces["error"]:
return {"version": "unknown",
"full-revisionid": pieces.get("long"),
"dirty": None,
"error": pieces["error"]}
if not style or style == "default":
style = "pep440" # the default
if style == "pep440":
rendered = render_pep440(pieces)
elif style == "pep440-pre":
rendered = render_pep440_pre(pieces)
elif style == "pep440-post":
rendered = render_pep440_post(pieces)
elif style == "pep440-old":
rendered = render_pep440_old(pieces)
elif style == "git-describe":
rendered = render_git_describe(pieces)
elif style == "git-describe-long":
rendered = render_git_describe_long(pieces)
else:
raise ValueError("unknown style '%s'" % style)
return {"version": rendered, "full-revisionid": pieces["long"],
"dirty": pieces["dirty"], "error": None}
class VersioneerBadRootError(Exception):
pass
def get_versions(verbose=False):
# returns dict with two keys: 'version' and 'full'
if "versioneer" in sys.modules:
# see the discussion in cmdclass.py:get_cmdclass()
del sys.modules["versioneer"]
root = get_root()
cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
assert cfg.VCS is not None, "please set [versioneer]VCS= in setup.cfg"
handlers = HANDLERS.get(cfg.VCS)
assert handlers, "unrecognized VCS '%s'" % cfg.VCS
verbose = verbose or cfg.verbose
assert cfg.versionfile_source is not None, \
"please set versioneer.versionfile_source"
assert cfg.tag_prefix is not None, "please set versioneer.tag_prefix"
versionfile_abs = os.path.join(root, cfg.versionfile_source)
# extract version from first of: _version.py, VCS command (e.g. 'git
# describe'), parentdir. This is meant to work for developers using a
# source checkout, for users of a tarball created by 'setup.py sdist',
# and for users of a tarball/zipball created by 'git archive' or github's
# download-from-tag feature or the equivalent in other VCSes.
get_keywords_f = handlers.get("get_keywords")
from_keywords_f = handlers.get("keywords")
if get_keywords_f and from_keywords_f:
try:
keywords = get_keywords_f(versionfile_abs)
ver = from_keywords_f(keywords, cfg.tag_prefix, verbose)
if verbose:
print("got version from expanded keyword %s" % ver)
return ver
except NotThisMethod:
pass
try:
ver = versions_from_file(versionfile_abs)
if verbose:
print("got version from file %s %s" % (versionfile_abs, ver))
return ver
except NotThisMethod:
pass
from_vcs_f = handlers.get("pieces_from_vcs")
if from_vcs_f:
try:
pieces = from_vcs_f(cfg.tag_prefix, root, verbose)
ver = render(pieces, cfg.style)
if verbose:
print("got version from VCS %s" % ver)
return ver
except NotThisMethod:
pass
try:
if cfg.parentdir_prefix:
ver = versions_from_parentdir(cfg.parentdir_prefix, root, verbose)
if verbose:
print("got version from parentdir %s" % ver)
return ver
except NotThisMethod:
pass
if verbose:
print("unable to compute version")
return {"version": "0+unknown", "full-revisionid": None,
"dirty": None, "error": "unable to compute version"}
def get_version():
return get_versions()["version"]
def get_cmdclass():
if "versioneer" in sys.modules:
del sys.modules["versioneer"]
# this fixes the "python setup.py develop" case (also 'install' and
# 'easy_install .'), in which subdependencies of the main project are
# built (using setup.py bdist_egg) in the same python process. Assume
# a main project A and a dependency B, which use different versions
# of Versioneer. A's setup.py imports A's Versioneer, leaving it in
# sys.modules by the time B's setup.py is executed, causing B to run
# with the wrong versioneer. Setuptools wraps the sub-dep builds in a
# sandbox that restores sys.modules to it's pre-build state, so the
# parent is protected against the child's "import versioneer". By
# removing ourselves from sys.modules here, before the child build
# happens, we protect the child from the parent's versioneer too.
# Also see https://github.com/warner/python-versioneer/issues/52
cmds = {}
# we add "version" to both distutils and setuptools
from distutils.core import Command
class cmd_version(Command):
description = "report generated version string"
user_options = []
boolean_options = []
def initialize_options(self):
pass
def finalize_options(self):
pass
def run(self):
vers = get_versions(verbose=True)
print("Version: %s" % vers["version"])
print(" full-revisionid: %s" % vers.get("full-revisionid"))
print(" dirty: %s" % vers.get("dirty"))
if vers["error"]:
print(" error: %s" % vers["error"])
cmds["version"] = cmd_version
# we override "build_py" in both distutils and setuptools
#
# most invocation pathways end up running build_py:
# distutils/build -> build_py
# distutils/install -> distutils/build ->..
# setuptools/bdist_wheel -> distutils/install ->..
# setuptools/bdist_egg -> distutils/install_lib -> build_py
# setuptools/install -> bdist_egg ->..
# setuptools/develop -> ?
from distutils.command.build_py import build_py as _build_py
class cmd_build_py(_build_py):
def run(self):
root = get_root()
cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
versions = get_versions()
_build_py.run(self)
# now locate _version.py in the new build/ directory and replace
# it with an updated value
if cfg.versionfile_build:
target_versionfile = os.path.join(self.build_lib,
cfg.versionfile_build)
print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
write_to_version_file(target_versionfile, versions)
cmds["build_py"] = cmd_build_py
if "cx_Freeze" in sys.modules: # cx_freeze enabled?
from cx_Freeze.dist import build_exe as _build_exe
class cmd_build_exe(_build_exe):
def run(self):
root = get_root()
cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
versions = get_versions()
target_versionfile = cfg.versionfile_source
print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
write_to_version_file(target_versionfile, versions)
_build_exe.run(self)
os.unlink(target_versionfile)
with open(cfg.versionfile_source, "w") as f:
LONG = LONG_VERSION_PY[cfg.VCS]
f.write(LONG %
{"DOLLAR": "$",
"STYLE": cfg.style,
"TAG_PREFIX": cfg.tag_prefix,
"PARENTDIR_PREFIX": cfg.parentdir_prefix,
"VERSIONFILE_SOURCE": cfg.versionfile_source,
})
cmds["build_exe"] = cmd_build_exe
del cmds["build_py"]
# we override different "sdist" commands for both environments
if "setuptools" in sys.modules:
from setuptools.command.sdist import sdist as _sdist
else:
from distutils.command.sdist import sdist as _sdist
class cmd_sdist(_sdist):
def run(self):
versions = get_versions()
self._versioneer_generated_versions = versions
# unless we update this, the command will keep using the old
# version
self.distribution.metadata.version = versions["version"]
return _sdist.run(self)
def make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files):
root = get_root()
cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
_sdist.make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files)
# now locate _version.py in the new base_dir directory
# (remembering that it may be a hardlink) and replace it with an
# updated value
target_versionfile = os.path.join(base_dir, cfg.versionfile_source)
print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
write_to_version_file(target_versionfile,
self._versioneer_generated_versions)
cmds["sdist"] = cmd_sdist
return cmds
CONFIG_ERROR = """
setup.cfg is missing the necessary Versioneer configuration. You need
a section like:
[versioneer]
VCS = git
style = pep440
versionfile_source = src/myproject/_version.py
versionfile_build = myproject/_version.py
tag_prefix = ""
parentdir_prefix = myproject-
You will also need to edit your setup.py to use the results:
import versioneer
setup(version=versioneer.get_version(),
cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass(), ...)
Please read the docstring in ./versioneer.py for configuration instructions,
edit setup.cfg, and re-run the installer or 'python versioneer.py setup'.
"""
SAMPLE_CONFIG = """
# See the docstring in versioneer.py for instructions. Note that you must
# re-run 'versioneer.py setup' after changing this section, and commit the
# resulting files.
[versioneer]
#VCS = git
#style = pep440
#versionfile_source =
#versionfile_build =
#tag_prefix =
#parentdir_prefix =
"""
INIT_PY_SNIPPET = """
from ._version import get_versions
__version__ = get_versions()['version']
del get_versions
"""
def do_setup():
root = get_root()
try:
cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
except (EnvironmentError, configparser.NoSectionError,
configparser.NoOptionError) as e:
if isinstance(e, (EnvironmentError, configparser.NoSectionError)):
print("Adding sample versioneer config to setup.cfg",
file=sys.stderr)
with open(os.path.join(root, "setup.cfg"), "a") as f:
f.write(SAMPLE_CONFIG)
print(CONFIG_ERROR, file=sys.stderr)
return 1
print(" creating %s" % cfg.versionfile_source)
with open(cfg.versionfile_source, "w") as f:
LONG = LONG_VERSION_PY[cfg.VCS]
f.write(LONG % {"DOLLAR": "$",
"STYLE": cfg.style,
"TAG_PREFIX": cfg.tag_prefix,
"PARENTDIR_PREFIX": cfg.parentdir_prefix,
"VERSIONFILE_SOURCE": cfg.versionfile_source,
})
ipy = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(cfg.versionfile_source),
"__init__.py")
if os.path.exists(ipy):
try:
with open(ipy, "r") as f:
old = f.read()
except EnvironmentError:
old = ""
if INIT_PY_SNIPPET not in old:
print(" appending to %s" % ipy)
with open(ipy, "a") as f:
f.write(INIT_PY_SNIPPET)
else:
print(" %s unmodified" % ipy)
else:
print(" %s doesn't exist, ok" % ipy)
ipy = None
# Make sure both the top-level "versioneer.py" and versionfile_source
# (PKG/_version.py, used by runtime code) are in MANIFEST.in, so
# they'll be copied into source distributions. Pip won't be able to
# install the package without this.
manifest_in = os.path.join(root, "MANIFEST.in")
simple_includes = set()
try:
with open(manifest_in, "r") as f:
for line in f:
if line.startswith("include "):
for include in line.split()[1:]:
simple_includes.add(include)
except EnvironmentError:
pass
# That doesn't cover everything MANIFEST.in can do
# (http://docs.python.org/2/distutils/sourcedist.html#commands), so
# it might give some false negatives. Appending redundant 'include'
# lines is safe, though.
if "versioneer.py" not in simple_includes:
print(" appending 'versioneer.py' to MANIFEST.in")
with open(manifest_in, "a") as f:
f.write("include versioneer.py\n")
else:
print(" 'versioneer.py' already in MANIFEST.in")
if cfg.versionfile_source not in simple_includes:
print(" appending versionfile_source ('%s') to MANIFEST.in" %
cfg.versionfile_source)
with open(manifest_in, "a") as f:
f.write("include %s\n" % cfg.versionfile_source)
else:
print(" versionfile_source already in MANIFEST.in")
# Make VCS-specific changes. For git, this means creating/changing
# .gitattributes to mark _version.py for export-time keyword
# substitution.
do_vcs_install(manifest_in, cfg.versionfile_source, ipy)
return 0
def scan_setup_py():
found = set()
setters = False
errors = 0
with open("setup.py", "r") as f:
for line in f.readlines():
if "import versioneer" in line:
found.add("import")
if "versioneer.get_cmdclass()" in line:
found.add("cmdclass")
if "versioneer.get_version()" in line:
found.add("get_version")
if "versioneer.VCS" in line:
setters = True
if "versioneer.versionfile_source" in line:
setters = True
if len(found) != 3:
print("")
print("Your setup.py appears to be missing some important items")
print("(but I might be wrong). Please make sure it has something")
print("roughly like the following:")
print("")
print(" import versioneer")
print(" setup( version=versioneer.get_version(),")
print(" cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass(), ...)")
print("")
errors += 1
if setters:
print("You should remove lines like 'versioneer.VCS = ' and")
print("'versioneer.versionfile_source = ' . This configuration")
print("now lives in setup.cfg, and should be removed from setup.py")
print("")
errors += 1
return errors
if __name__ == "__main__":
cmd = sys.argv[1]
if cmd == "setup":
errors = do_setup()
errors += scan_setup_py()
if errors:
sys.exit(1)