Repository: ram-lab/plycal Branch: master Commit: d04d1451338a Files: 47 Total size: 766.6 KB Directory structure: gitextract_smbq0rmy/ ├── .gitignore ├── CMakeLists.txt ├── LICENSE ├── PlyCal/ │ ├── CMakeLists.txt │ ├── calibrator.cpp │ ├── calibrator.h │ ├── image_polygon.cpp │ ├── image_polygon.h │ ├── pointcloud_polygon.cpp │ ├── pointcloud_polygon.h │ └── utils.h ├── PlyCal_qt/ │ ├── CMakeLists.txt │ ├── cqtopencvviewergl.cpp │ ├── cqtopencvviewergl.h │ ├── data_reader.cpp │ ├── data_reader.h │ ├── imageviewer.cpp │ ├── imageviewer.h │ ├── imageviewer.ui │ ├── main.cpp │ ├── mainwindow.cpp │ ├── mainwindow.h │ ├── mainwindow.ui │ ├── pointcloudviewer.cpp │ ├── pointcloudviewer.h │ ├── pointcloudviewer.ui │ ├── tfwindow.cpp │ ├── tfwindow.h │ └── tfwindow.ui ├── PlyCal_test/ │ ├── CMakeLists.txt │ ├── test_image_polygon.cpp │ ├── test_image_polygons.cpp │ └── test_pointcloud_polygon.cpp ├── README.md ├── data/ │ ├── config.json │ └── pointcloud/ │ ├── 0.pcd │ ├── 1.pcd │ ├── 2.pcd │ ├── 3.pcd │ ├── 4.pcd │ ├── 5.pcd │ ├── 6.pcd │ └── 7.pcd ├── doc/ │ └── README.md └── thirdParty/ ├── edlines/ │ ├── EDLineDetector.cpp │ └── EDLineDetector.h └── json/ └── json.hpp ================================================ FILE CONTENTS ================================================ ================================================ FILE: .gitignore ================================================ /build .ycm_extra_conf.py *.swp CMakeLists.txt.user ================================================ FILE: CMakeLists.txt ================================================ CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8) project(PlyCal) #cmake_policy(SET CMP0028 OLD) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON) set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF) add_definitions(-std=c++11) # for qt creator # Optionally compiling part option(BUILD_PlyCal_GUI "enables PlyCal viewer" true) option(BUILD_PlyCal_TEST "enables PlyCal test" false) # default built type IF(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE) set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release CACHE STRING "Choose the type of build, options are: None Debug Release RelWithDebInfo MinSizeRel." FORCE) ENDIF(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE) include_directories( thirdParty PlyCal ) # The library prefix set(LIB_PREFIX plycal) # Include the subdirectories add_subdirectory(PlyCal) if(BUILD_PlyCal_GUI) add_subdirectory(PlyCal_qt) endif(BUILD_PlyCal_GUI) if(BUILD_PlyCal_TEST) add_subdirectory(PlyCal_test) endif(BUILD_PlyCal_TEST) ================================================ FILE: LICENSE ================================================ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 3, 29 June 2007 Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works. The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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But first, please read . ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/CMakeLists.txt ================================================ if( CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE EQUAL "Release") add_definitions( -DNODEBUG ) endif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE EQUAL "Release") file(GLOB LIB_SRC "*.cpp" ) file(GLOB LIB_HEADER "*.h" ) find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED ) find_package( PCL QUIET REQUIRED ) find_package( Ceres REQUIRED ) find_package( Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system thread ) find_package( Eigen3 REQUIRED ) # Fix a compilation bug under ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) list(REMOVE_ITEM PCL_LIBRARIES "vtkproj4") add_definitions(${PCL_DEFINITIONS}) include_directories( ${PCL_INCLUDE_DIRS} ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS} ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS} ${Eigen_INCLUDE_DIRS} ${CERES_INCLUDE_DIRS} ) link_directories( ${PCL_LIBRARY_DIRS} ${Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS} ) set( EDLINE_SRC ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/thirdParty/edlines/EDLineDetector.cpp ) add_library( plycal SHARED ${LIB_SRC} ${LIB_HEADER} ${EDLINE_SRC} ) target_link_libraries( plycal ${OpenCV_LIBS} ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ${PCL_LIBRARIES} ${CERES_LIBRARIES} ) set_target_properties( plycal PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ${LIB_PREFIX} ) ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/calibrator.cpp ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file calibrator.cpp * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-28 * @brief calibrator.cpp ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "calibrator.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace lqh; /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ using PCC = pcl::PointCloud; using PCI = pcl::PointCloud; namespace { template static void ProjectPoint2Image(const T* const q_ptr, const T* const t_ptr, const Eigen::Matrix& k, const Eigen::Matrix& p3, Eigen::Matrix& p2) { Eigen::Map > q(q_ptr); Eigen::Map > t(t_ptr); p2 = (q.matrix()*p3); // p2.colwise() += t; for(uint32_t i=0; i bool operator()(const T* const q, const T* const p, T* residuals)const { Eigen::Matrix points; ProjectPoint2Image(q,p, K.cast(), pts.cast(), points); Eigen::Matrix tmp = (coef.transpose().cast())*points; residuals[0] = tmp.cwiseAbs().sum(); return true; // important } }; struct Point2PolygonError { const Eigen::Matrix3d& K; const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& pts; const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& vertex; Eigen::Matrix3Xd edge_normal; Point2PolygonError(const Eigen::Matrix3d& k, const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& ps, const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& vx ): K(k), pts(ps), vertex(vx) { Eigen::Vector3d center = vx.rowwise().mean(); edge_normal.resize(3, vx.cols()); edge_normal.row(2).setZero(); for(uint32_t i=0; i bool operator()(const T* const q, const T* const t, T* residuals)const { using Matrix3XT = Eigen::Matrix; Matrix3XT vtx = vertex.cast(); Matrix3XT normals = edge_normal.cast(); Matrix3XT points; ProjectPoint2Image(q, t, K.cast(), pts.cast(), points); residuals[0] = T(0); for(uint32_t i=0; i(); if(size_ < 3 ) { std::cerr << "E: size must >= 3\n " << __FUNCTION__; return; } imgply_.reset( new ImagePolygon(js["img"], size_) ); pcply_.reset( new PointcloudPolygon(js["pc"], size_) ); polygons_.clear(); polygons_v_.clear(); polygons_v_.reserve(10); track_error_threshold_ = js["track_error_threshold"].get(); K_.setIdentity(); T_.setIdentity(); auto& k = js["cam"]["K"]; assert( k.size() == 3 ); for(uint8_t i=0; i<2; i++) { assert( k[i].size() == 3 ); K_.row(i) << k[i][0], k[i][1], k[i][2]; } K_.row(2) << 0,0,1; auto& t = js["tf"]; assert( t.size() == 4 ); for(uint8_t i=0; i<3; i++) { assert( t[i].size() == 4 ); T_.row(i) << t[i][0], t[i][1], t[i][2], t[i][3]; } T_.row(3) << 0,0,0,1; is_valid_ = true; } uint32_t Calibrator::Add(const cv::Mat& img, const PCI& pc, cv::Mat& img_out, pcl::PointCloud& pcc) { polygons_.emplace_back(size_); auto& ply = polygons_.back(); polygons_v_.push_back(&ply); ply.img = imgply_->Add(img,img_out); ply.pc = pcply_->Add(pc, pcc); if(ply.img != nullptr && ply.pc != nullptr) { MatchLines(ply); } // if( polygons_.size() == 1) // { // MatchLines(ply); // } // else // { // auto it = std::prev(polygons_.end(),2); // TrackLines(*it, ply); // } //return id return polygons_v_.size()-1; } bool Calibrator::RefineImage(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out, const std::vector& pts) { assert(pts.size() == size_); Eigen::Matrix3Xd vtx(3, size_); vtx.row(2).setOnes(); for(uint8_t i=0; iInit(img, img_out, vtx); if(ply.img == nullptr) { return false; } if(ply.pc == nullptr) { return true; } // both valid, match MatchLines(ply); // if( polygons_.size() == 1) // { // MatchLines(ply); // } // else // { // auto it = std::prev(polygons_.end(),2); // TrackLines(*it, ply); // } return true; } bool Calibrator::RefinePointcloud(const PCI& pc, PCC& pcc, const Eigen::Vector4d& param ) { auto& ply = polygons_.back(); pcply_->SetFilterParameters(param); ply.pc = pcply_->Add(pc, pcc); if(ply.pc == nullptr) { return false; } if(ply.img == nullptr) { return true; } // both valid, match MatchLines(ply); // if( polygons_.size() == 1) // { // MatchLines(ply); // } // else // { // auto it = std::prev(polygons_.end(),2); // TrackLines(*it, ply); // } return true; } /** * @brief Calibrator::Remove * @todo: maybe we should use !!!skip * @param id * @return */ bool Calibrator::Remove(uint32_t id) { if(id >= polygons_v_.size()) { return false; } polygons_v_.erase(polygons_v_.begin()+id); auto it = polygons_.begin(); std::advance(it, id); polygons_.erase(it); return true; } // remove last one bool Calibrator::Remove() { if(polygons_.size() == 0) { return false; } polygons_.pop_back(); polygons_v_.pop_back(); } bool Calibrator::Compute(Eigen::Matrix4d &tf) { if(polygons_.size() == 0) { return false; } Optimize(tf); T_ = tf; return true; } void Calibrator::Optimize(Eigen::Matrix4d& tf) { Eigen::Matrix3d rot = T_.topLeftCorner(3,3); Eigen::Quaterniond q (rot); Eigen::Vector3d p = T_.topRightCorner(3,1); //std::cout << "Before \nq:\n" << q.coeffs() << "\nt:\n" << p << std::endl; ceres::Problem problem; ceres::Solver::Summary summary; ceres::Solver::Options options; ceres::LossFunction* loss_function_edge (new ceres::SoftLOneLoss(1)); ceres::HuberLoss* loss_function_inlier (new ceres::HuberLoss(500)); ceres::LocalParameterization* quaternion_local_parameterization = new ceres::EigenQuaternionParameterization; for(const auto& ply : polygons_) { // add edge for(uint32_t i=0; iedges[i].points.cols() == 0) { continue; } ceres::CostFunction* cost = new ceres::AutoDiffCostFunction( new Edge2EdgeError( K_, ply.pc->edges[i].points, ply.img->edges[ply.ids[i]].coef )); problem.AddResidualBlock(cost, loss_function_edge, q.coeffs().data(), p.data() ); } // add inlier points ceres::CostFunction* cost = new ceres::AutoDiffCostFunction( new Point2PolygonError(K_, ply.pc->inliers, ply.img->vertexs) ); problem.AddResidualBlock(cost, NULL, q.coeffs().data(), p.data()); // problem.AddResidualBlock(cost, loss_function_inlier, q.coeffs().data(), p.data()); } problem.SetParameterization(q.coeffs().data(), quaternion_local_parameterization); //options.linear_solver_type = ceres::DENSE_SCHUR; options.linear_solver_type = ceres::SPARSE_NORMAL_CHOLESKY; options.max_num_iterations = 5000; // or use all cpu cores options.num_threads= boost::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1; #if (CERES_VERSION_MAJOR < 2) options.num_linear_solver_threads = options.num_threads; #endif //options.minimizer_progress_to_stdout = true; ceres::Solve(options, &problem, &summary); std::cout << summary.FullReport() << std::endl; tf = Eigen::Matrix4d::Identity(); tf.topLeftCorner(3,3) = q.matrix(); tf.topRightCorner(3,1) = p; std::cout << "T: \n" << tf << std::endl; } void Calibrator::TrackLines(const Polygon& ply_prev, Polygon& ply) const { // image polygon keep orders, no futhur processing // tracking pointcloud edge // using PC = pcl::PointCloud; // auto Mat2PC = [](const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& mat, PC& pc) // { // pc.points.reserve(mat.cols()); // for(uint32_t i=0; iinliers, *pc_prev); // Mat2PC(ply.pc->inliers, *pc); // pcl::IterativeClosestPoint icp; // icp.setInputSource(pc); // icp.setInputTarget(pc_prev); // icp.setMaximumIterations(200); // icp.setTransformationEpsilon(1e-6); // icp.setEuclideanFitnessEpsilon(1); // icp.align(pc_out, Eigen::Matrix4d::Identity()); // Eigen::Matrix4d T = icp.getFinalTransformation(); // using PairUD = std::pair; // std::vector offsets(size_); // for(uint32_t i=0; iedges[(j+i)%size_]; // const auto& cur = ply.pc->edges[j]; // if(prev.coef.norm() < 0.1 || cur.points.cols() == 0) // { // continue; // } // for(uint32_t k=0; k ids(size_); for(uint32_t i=0; iedges[a].points.cols() > ply.pc->edges[b].points.cols(); }); const auto& edge_0 = ply.pc->edges[ids[0]]; const auto& edge_1 = ply.pc->edges[ids[1]]; int32_t gap = ids[1] - ids[0]; using PairUD = std::pair; std::vector offsets(size_); Eigen::Matrix3d rot = T_.topLeftCorner(3,3); Eigen::Vector3d trans = T_.topRightCorner(3,1); auto err_proj = [this, &rot, &trans](const ImagePolygon::Edge2D& img, const PointcloudPolygon::Edge3D& pc, double& err) { Eigen::Vector2d dir_proj = (K_*(rot*pc.coef + trans)).head(2); dir_proj.normalize(); Eigen::Vector2d dir_img(img.coef(1), -img.coef(0)); dir_img.normalize(); double err_angle = std::acos(dir_proj.dot(dir_img))/MATH_PI*180; Eigen::Matrix3Xd pt_proj = rot*pc.points; pt_proj.colwise() += trans; pt_proj = K_*pt_proj; for(uint32_t i=0; i 2d edge i uint32_t id1 = (static_cast(i)+gap) < 0 ? i+gap +size_ : (i+gap)%size_; err_proj(ply.img->edges[i], edge_0, offsets[i].second); err_proj(ply.img->edges[id1], edge_1, offsets[i].second); } // increase order, offsets[0] has smallest error std::sort(offsets.begin(), offsets.end(), [](const PairUD& a, const PairUD&b) { return a.second < b.second; }); // ids[0] 3d edge <----> offsets[0].first 2d edge uint32_t id_img = offsets[0].first > ids[0] ? offsets[0].first - ids[0]: offsets[0].first + size_ - ids[0]; std::cout << "pc[0-4]: "; for(uint32_t i=0; iinliers.format(csvfmt); pc_inlier.close(); uint32_t num = 0; for(const auto& it: ply.pc->edges) { num += it.points.cols(); } Eigen::Matrix4Xd edges(4, num); uint32_t id =0; for(uint32_t j=0; jedges.size(); j++) { const auto& it = ply.pc->edges[j].points; if(it.cols() == 0) { continue; } edges.block(0,id, 1, it.cols() ).setConstant(j); edges.block(1,id, 3, it.cols() ) = it; id += it.cols(); } pc_edge << edges.format(csvfmt); pc_edge.close(); Eigen::Matrix3Xd coef(3, size_); for(uint32_t j=0; jedges.size(); j++) { coef.col(j) = ply.img->edges[ply.ids[j]].coef; } img_coef << coef.format(csvfmt); img_coef.close(); img_vertex << ply.img->vertexs.format(csvfmt); img_vertex.close(); i++; } } bool Calibrator::Project(pcl::PointCloud& pc, cv::Mat& img, const Eigen::Matrix4d& tf) { const double resolution = 0.1; const double depth_min = 1.0; const double depth_gap = 10.0; if(img_width_ != img.cols || img_height_ != img.rows) { img_width_ = img.cols; img_height_ = img.rows; } // Eigen::Vector4f pt_min, pt_max; // pcl::getMinMax3D(pc, pt_min, pt_max); // double depth_gap = std::sqrt(pt_max(0)*pt_max(0) + pt_max(1)+pt_max(1)) - depth_gap + 0.01; // if(depth_gap > 5) // { // depth_gap = 5.0; // } uint32_t num = static_cast(depth_gap/resolution); lqh::utils::color::rgbs colors = lqh::utils::color::get_rgbs(num); cv::Mat im; img.copyTo(im); for(auto& p : pc.points) { Eigen::Vector3d pt = K_*(tf*Eigen::Vector4d(p.x, p.y, p.z, 1)).topRows(3); if(pt(2) < 0.5) { continue; } int32_t u = static_cast(pt(0)/pt(2)); int32_t v = static_cast(pt(1)/pt(2)); if(u < 0 || u >= img.cols || v<0 || v >= img.rows) { continue; } cv::Vec3b color = im.at(cv::Point(u,v)); p.r = color[2]; p.g = color[1]; p.b = color[0]; double f = std::sqrt(p.x*p.x + p.y*p.y) - depth_min; uint32_t idx = static_cast(f/resolution); if(idx >= num) { idx = num -1; } auto& c = colors[idx]; cv::circle(img, cv::Point2d(u,v), 2, cv::Scalar(c[2], c[1], c[0]), -1); } } void Calibrator::SetTranformation(const Eigen::Matrix4d& tf) { T_ = tf; // check pointcloud filter if(img_height_ == 0 || img_width_ == 0) { return; } Eigen::Vector4d orig = pcply_->GetFilterParameters(); auto getYaw = [this](double x, double y)->double { Eigen::Vector4d v (0,0,0,1); v.head(3) = K_.inverse()*Eigen::Vector3d(x,y,1); v = T_.inverse()*v; double angle = std::atan2(v(1), v(0))/MATH_PI*180; return angle <0? 360+angle : angle; }; double angle0 = getYaw(0,0); double angle1 = getYaw(img_width_-1, img_height_-1); if(angle0 > angle1) { std::swap(angle0, angle1); } if(angle1-angle0 <180) { if(orig(0)< angle0 || orig(0)>angle1 ) { orig(0) = angle0; } if(angle1 - orig(0) > orig(1)) { orig(1) = angle1 - orig(0); } } else { if(orig(0)> angle0 && orig(0)= angle1 ? 360-angle1+angle0 : angle0-orig(0); if(orig(1) > gap) { orig(1) = gap; } } pcply_->SetFilterParameters(orig); } /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/calibrator.h ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file calibrator.h * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-28 * @brief calibrator.h ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/ #ifndef __CALIBRATOR_H #define __CALIBRATOR_H /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "stdint.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "image_polygon.h" #include "pointcloud_polygon.h" #include "json/json.hpp" #include "utils.h" /* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/ namespace lqh { class Calibrator { public: explicit Calibrator(const nlohmann::json& js); uint32_t Add(const cv::Mat& img, const pcl::PointCloud& pc, cv::Mat& img_out, pcl::PointCloud& pcc); bool RefineImage(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out, const std::vector& pts); bool RefinePointcloud(const pcl::PointCloud& pc, pcl::PointCloud& pcc, const Eigen::Vector4d& param ); uint32_t SavePolygonData(const std::string& dir); void SetCameraK(const Eigen::Matrix3d& k) { K_ = k; } void SetTranformation(const Eigen::Matrix4d& tf); bool Remove(uint32_t id); bool Remove(); bool Compute(Eigen::Matrix4d& tf); bool Compute() { return Compute(T_); } const Eigen::Matrix4d& GetTransformation() { return T_; } bool ImageGood(uint32_t id) { if(id >= polygons_v_.size()) { return false; } return (polygons_v_[id]->img != nullptr); } bool PointcloudGood(uint32_t id) { if(id >= polygons_v_.size()) { return false; } return (polygons_v_[id]->pc != nullptr); } bool Good() { return is_valid_; } bool Project(pcl::PointCloud& pc, cv::Mat& img) { Project(pc, img, T_); } bool Project(pcl::PointCloud& pc, cv::Mat& img, const Eigen::Matrix4d& tf); private: struct Polygon { /** * ids: corroesponences of 2d/3d Polygon * same edge: $i$th 3d edge <---> ids[i] 2d edge */ std::vector ids; ImagePolygon::Polygon2D::ConstPtr img; PointcloudPolygon::Polygon3D::ConstPtr pc; Polygon(uint32_t size):img(nullptr), pc(nullptr) { ids.resize(size); for(uint32_t i=0; i imgply_; std::unique_ptr pcply_; std::vector polygons_v_; std::list polygons_; void TrackLines(const Polygon& ply_prev, Polygon& ply) const; void MatchLines(Polygon& ply) const; void Optimize(Eigen::Matrix4d& tf); }; } /* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ #endif /* !__CALIBRATOR_H */ /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/image_polygon.cpp ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file image_polygon.cpp * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-22 * @brief image_polygon.cpp ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "image_polygon.h" #include #include #include "utils.h" using namespace lqh; /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ /* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * @brief * @param * @note * @return None */ ImagePolygon::ImagePolygon(const nlohmann::json& js, uint8_t size): size_(size), polygon_(nullptr) { //!!! we don't set default // config line detector auto ed = js["edlines"]; EDLineParam para; para.minLineLen = ed["minLineLen"]; para.lineFitErrThreshold = ed["lineFitErrThreshold"]; para.ksize = ed["ksize"]; para.sigma = ed["sigma"]; para.gradientThreshold = ed["gradientThreshold"]; para.scanIntervals = ed["scanIntervals"]; para.anchorThreshold = ed["anchorThreshold"]; detector_.reset(new EDLineDetector(para)); feature_size_ = js["feature"]["size"]; feature_offset_ = js["feature"]["offset"]; feature_threshold_ = js["feature"]["threshold"]; merge_distance_threshold_ = js["merge"]["distance_threshold"]; merge_angle_threshold_ = js["merge"]["angle_threshold"]; merge_endpoint_distance_threshold_ = js["merge"]["endpoint_distance_threshold"]; filter_point_line_threshold_ = js["filter"]["point_line_threshold"]; filter_line_angle_threshold_ = js["filter"]["line_angle_threshold"]; filter_point_center_factor_ = js["filter"]["point_center_factor"]; if(filter_point_center_factor_ >1 || filter_point_center_factor_ <0) { std::cout << "W: point_dis_factor in (0,1) get " << filter_point_center_factor_ << "\n"; filter_point_center_factor_ = 0.2; } // random // center to line distance filter_point_center_max_ = 100; filter_line_center_min_ = 50; width_ = 0; length_ = 0; angle_width_ = 0; angle_length_ = 0; Eigen::Matrix3Xd pts(3,4); pts.row(2).setOnes(); for(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++) { pts(0,i) = js["init"][i][0].get(); pts(1,i) = js["init"][i][1].get(); } polygon_ = InitPolygon(pts); } ImagePolygon::Polygon2D::Ptr ImagePolygon::InitPolygon(const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& pts) { // currently, only apply to rectangular // @TODO assert(pts.cols() == 4); assert(pts.cols() == size_ ); using PairUD = std::pair; // sort the points(clock wise) Eigen::Vector3d center = pts.rowwise().mean(); center(2) = 1; std::vector verts( size_ ); for(uint32_t i=0; i(size_); ply->center = center; auto EistimateCoef = [](const Eigen::Vector3d& p0, const Eigen::Vector3d& p1, Eigen::Vector3d& coef) { Eigen::Vector3d dir = (p0-p1).normalized(); Eigen::Vector3d c = (p0+p1)/2; coef(0) = -1*dir(1); coef(1) = dir(0); coef(2) = -1*(coef(0)*c(0) + coef(1)*c(1)); }; for(uint32_t i=0; ivertexs.col(i) = pts.col(verts[i].first); EistimateCoef(pts.col(verts[i].first), pts.col(verts[next].first), ply->edges[i].coef); ply->edges[i].length = (pts.col(verts[i].first) - pts.col(verts[next].first)).norm(); double dir = std::atan2(-ply->edges[i].coef(0), ply->edges[i].coef(1))/MATH_PI*180; ply->edges[i].dir = (dir<0)?dir+180:dir; //ExtractLineFeature(img, pts.col(verts[i].first), pts.col(verts[next].first), //center, polygon_->edges[i].feature); } UpdateParameters(ply); return ply; } ImagePolygon::Polygon2D::ConstPtr ImagePolygon::Init(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out, const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& pts) { Polygon2D::Ptr ply = InitPolygon(pts); // SaveMarkedImage("init.png", img, ply); return ExtractPolygon(img, img_out,ply); } ImagePolygon::Polygon2D::ConstPtr ImagePolygon::Add(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out) { if(polygon_ == nullptr) { std::cerr << "E: init first\n"; return nullptr; } return ExtractPolygon(img, img_out, polygon_); } ImagePolygon::Polygon2D::ConstPtr ImagePolygon::ExtractPolygon(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev) { // we require color image assert(img.channels() == 3); std::list lines; Polygon2D::Ptr ply; bool res = ExtractLines(img, lines); if(!res) { MarkImage(img_out, lines); return nullptr; } // SaveMarkedImage("ExtractLines.png", img, lines); res &= FilterLines(lines, prev); if(!res) { MarkImage(img_out, lines); return nullptr; } // SaveMarkedImage("FilterLines.png", img, lines); res &= MergeLines(lines); if(!res) { MarkImage(img_out, lines); return nullptr; } // SaveMarkedImage("EMergeLines.png", img, lines); res &= FilterLinesByRectangule(lines, prev); if(!res) { MarkImage(img_out, lines); return nullptr; } // SaveMarkedImage("FilterLinesByRectangule.png", img, lines); res &= SortLines(lines, prev, ply); if(res) { polygon_ = ply; UpdateParameters(); MarkImage(img_out, ply); return ply; } else { return nullptr; } } bool ImagePolygon::ExtractLines(const cv::Mat& img, std::list& ls) { //cv::Mat img_hsv; //cv::Mat imgs[3]; //cv::cvtColor(img, img_hsv, cv::COLOR_BGR2HSV); //cv::split(img_hsv, imgs); //auto& img_h = imgs[2]; //ls.clear(); //// set circle //double x = polygon_->center(0); //double y = polygon_->center(1); //uint16_t r_max = static_cast(filter_point_center_max_); //uint16_t r_min = static_cast(filter_line_center_min_); //std::cout << "cx: " << x <<" cy: " << y //<< "\n r_max: " << r_max << " r_min: " << r_min << std::endl; ////cv::Mat img_mask(img_h.rows, img_h.cols, CV_8U); ////cv::circle(img_mask, cv::Point2d(x,y), r_max, cv::Scalar(255), -1); ////cv::Mat img_roi; ////img_h.copyTo(img_roi, img_mask); //double sum = 0; //uint8_t p_max = 0; //uint8_t p_min = 255; //for(uint16_t i=y-r_min; i(i,j); //sum += pixel; //if( p_max < pixel) //{ //p_max = pixel; //} //if(p_min > pixel) //{ //p_min = pixel; //} //} //} //uint8_t average = static_cast(sum/(4*r_min*r_min)); //std::cout << "average: " << static_cast(average) //<< " p_min: " << static_cast(p_min) //<< " p_max: " << static_cast(p_max) << std::endl; //p_max += 4; //p_min -= 4; //for(uint16_t i=0; i(i,j); //if(d >= filter_point_center_max_) //{ //pixel = 0; //} //else //{ //if(pixel > p_max) //{ //pixel = 255 - (p_max - pixel); ////pixel = 0; //} //else if(pixel < p_min) //{ //pixel = 255 - (pixel-p_min); ////pixel = 0; //} //else //{ //pixel = 255; //} //} //} //} //cv::threshold(img_h, img_h,0,180,cv::THRESH_BINARY+cv::THRESH_OTSU); //img_h = img_h*255/180; cv::Mat img_h; cv::cvtColor(img, img_h, cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY); // cv::imwrite("img_gray.png", img_h); if(detector_->EDline(img_h) < 0 ) { std::cerr << "E: EDline detector fail to detect lines in the image\n"; return false; } for (uint16_t i =0; ilineEquations_.size(); i++) { ls.emplace_back(); Line2D& last = ls.back(); // ax+by+c=0 direction vector=(-b a) last.dir = std::atan2(-detector_->lineEquations_[i][0], detector_->lineEquations_[i][1])/MATH_PI*180; if(last.dir<0) { last.dir += 180; } last.p0 << detector_->lineEndpoints_[i][0], detector_->lineEndpoints_[i][1], 1; last.p1 << detector_->lineEndpoints_[i][2], detector_->lineEndpoints_[i][3], 1; last.coef << detector_->lineEquations_[i][0], detector_->lineEquations_[i][1], detector_->lineEquations_[i][2]; last.coef = last.coef/(last.coef.head(2).norm()); last.points.resize(2, detector_->lines_.sId[i+1]-detector_->lines_.sId[i]); uint16_t col_index = 0; for(uint16_t j=detector_->lines_.sId[i]; jlines_.sId[i+1]; j++) { last.points.col(col_index++) << detector_->lines_.xCors[j], detector_->lines_.yCors[j]; } } return true; } /** * filter criteria * 1. center to endpoint distances * 2. center to line distance * 3. endpoints to line distances * 4. line direction angle error */ bool ImagePolygon::FilterLines(std::list& ls, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev) { if(ls.size() < size_ ) { return false; } auto l = ls.begin(); while( l != ls.end() ) { auto ln = l; l++; double center2point_0 = (prev->center - ln->p0).norm(); double center2point_1 = (prev->center - ln->p1).norm(); double center2line = std::abs(prev->center.dot(ln->coef)); if( center2point_0 > filter_point_center_max_ || center2point_1 > filter_point_center_max_ || center2line < filter_line_center_min_ ) { ls.erase( ln ); continue; } bool is_remove = true; for(uint32_t i=0; ip0.dot(prev->edges[i].coef)); d += std::abs(ln->p1.dot(prev->edges[i].coef)); double angle = std::abs(ln->dir - prev->edges[i].dir); if(angle > 90) { angle = 180 - angle; } if(angle < filter_line_angle_threshold_ && d < filter_point_line_threshold_) { is_remove = false; } } if(is_remove ) { ls.erase( ln ); } } return ls.size() >= size_ ? true : false; } /** * @brief merge all paralle lines * @param ls * @return */ bool ImagePolygon::MergeLines(std::list& ls) { if(ls.size() < size_) { std::cerr << "E: no enough line segments for " << __FUNCTION__ << "\n get " << ls.size() << " lines\n"; return false; } auto ln = ls.begin(); while(ln != ls.end()) { bool flag = false; auto ln_nx = std::next(ln); while(ln_nx != ls.end()) { // distance error double d = std::abs(ln->p0.transpose()*ln_nx->coef); d += std::abs(ln->p1.transpose()*ln_nx->coef); d += std::abs(ln_nx->p0.transpose()*ln->coef); d += std::abs(ln_nx->p1.transpose()*ln->coef); Eigen::Vector4d e2e; e2e(0) = (ln->p0 - ln_nx->p0).norm(); e2e(1) = (ln->p0 - ln_nx->p1).norm(); e2e(2) = (ln->p1 - ln_nx->p0).norm(); e2e(3) = (ln->p1 - ln_nx->p1).norm(); // direction angle error double angle = std::abs(ln->dir - ln_nx->dir); if(angle > 90) { angle = 180 - angle; } if(angle < merge_angle_threshold_ && d < merge_distance_threshold_ && e2e.minCoeff() < merge_endpoint_distance_threshold_) { // merge two line segement flag = true; // find endpoints Eigen::Matrix3Xd endpoint(3,4); endpoint.col(0) = ln->p0; endpoint.col(1) = ln->p1; endpoint.col(2) = ln_nx->p0; endpoint.col(3) = ln_nx->p1; uint32_t axis = 0; // x-axis if(std::abs(ln->dir - 90) < 10) { axis = 1; // y-axis } uint8_t id_max =0, id_min = 1; for(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++) { if(endpoint(axis, i) > endpoint(axis, id_max)) { id_max = i; } else if (endpoint(axis, i) < endpoint(axis, id_min)) { id_min = i; } } ln->p0 = endpoint.col(id_min); ln->p1 = endpoint.col(id_max); ln->points.conservativeResize(Eigen::NoChange, ln->points.cols()+ln_nx->points.cols()); ln->points.topRightCorner(2,ln_nx->points.cols()) = ln_nx->points; // erase node ln_nx++; ls.erase(std::prev(ln_nx)); } else { ln_nx++; } } if(flag) { ln->dir = -1; ln->coef.setZero(); } ln++; } if(ls.size() < size_) { std::cerr << "E: no enough line segments after merging\n" << " get " << ls.size() << " lines\n"; return false; } // re-fit lines for(auto&ln : ls) { if(ln.dir >=0 ) { continue; } std::vector pts; pts.reserve(ln.points.cols()); for(uint32_t i=0; i coef(4, 0); cv::fitLine(pts, coef, cv::DIST_L1,0, 0.01, 0.01); ln.coef(0) = coef[1]; ln.coef(1) = -coef[0]; ln.coef(2) = -1*(ln.coef(0)*coef[2] + ln.coef(1)*coef[3]); ln.coef = ln.coef/(ln.coef.head(2).norm()); ln.dir = std::atan2(coef[1], coef[0])/MATH_PI*180; if(ln.dir < 0) { ln.dir += 180; } } return true; } //@TODO only apply to rectangular board bool ImagePolygon::FilterLinesByRectangule(std::list& ls, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev) { assert(ls.size()>=4 ); if(ls.size() < size_) { std::cerr << "E: no enough lines for " << __FUNCTION__ << "\n get " << ls.size() << "lines \n"; return false; } struct RectangleEdges { double error; uint32_t id0; uint32_t id1; RectangleEdges(double error_, uint32_t id0_, uint32_t id1_): error(error_), id0(id0_), id1(id1_) {} }; std::list width; std::list length; uint32_t id0 = 0; for(auto l=ls.cbegin(); l!=ls.cend(); l++) { uint32_t id1 = id0+1; Eigen::Vector3d ep2c = prev->center - (l->p0 + l->p1)/2; for(auto next=std::next(l); next!=ls.cend(); next++) { double err_angle = LineAngleError(l->dir, next->dir); if( err_angle < 10) { // parallel line double dis = std::abs(next->coef.dot(l->p0)); dis += std::abs(next->coef.dot(l->p1)); dis += std::abs(l->coef.dot(next->p0)); dis += std::abs(l->coef.dot(next->p1)); dis = dis/4; Eigen::Vector3d c2c = (next->p0+next->p1)/2 - (l->p0 + l->p1)/2 ; c2c.normalize(); double err_c2c = c2c.cross(ep2c).norm(); double angle_width = LineAngleError(angle_width_, LineAngleAverage(l->dir,next->dir)); double angle_length = LineAngleError(angle_length_, LineAngleAverage(l->dir, next->dir)); if(angle_width > angle_length) { double dis_rate = std::abs(dis - width_)/width_; if(dis_rate < 0.15) { length.emplace_back(dis_rate*err_angle*err_c2c, id0, id1); } } else { double dis_rate = std::abs(dis - length_)/length_; if(dis_rate < 0.15) { width.emplace_back(dis_rate*err_angle*err_c2c, id0, id1); } } } id1++; } id0++; } if(width.size()<1 || length.size() <1) { std::cerr << "E: FilterLinesByRectangule width: " << width.size() << " length: " << length.size() << std::endl; return false; } auto RectangleEdgesSort = [](const RectangleEdges& a, const RectangleEdges& b) { return a.error < b.error; }; if(width.size() > 1) { width.sort(RectangleEdgesSort); } if(length.size() > 1) { length.sort(RectangleEdgesSort); } std::set edges; edges.insert(width.front().id0); edges.insert(width.front().id1); edges.insert(length.front().id0); edges.insert(length.front().id1); id0 = 0; auto ln = ls.begin(); while(ln != ls.end()) { ln++; if(edges.count(id0) == 0) { ls.erase(std::prev(ln)); } id0++; } return true; } bool ImagePolygon::SortLines(std::list& ls, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev, Polygon2D::Ptr& ply ) { if(ls.size() != size_) { std::cerr << "E: too many/fewer line segments to sort\n" << " get " << ls.size() << " lines\n"; return false; } using PairUD = std::pair; Eigen::Vector3d center; for(const auto& it:ls) { center += it.p0; center += it.p1; } center = center / (ls.size()*2); for(auto& it:ls) { Eigen::Vector3d mid = (it.p0 + it.p1)/2; it.dir = std::atan2(mid(1)-center(1), mid(0)-center(0)) + MATH_PI; } ls.sort([](Line2D& a, Line2D& b) { return a.dir < b.dir; }); // find all vertexs std::vectorvertexs(size_); { auto l = ls.cbegin(); for(auto& it:vertexs) { Eigen::Matrix2d A; Eigen::Vector2d B; A.row(0) = l->coef.head(2); B(0) = -1*l->coef(2); if(l != ls.cbegin()) { auto pre = std::prev(l); A.row(1) = pre->coef.head(2); B(1) = -1*pre->coef(2); } else { A.row(1) = ls.back().coef.head(2); B(1) = -1*ls.back().coef(2); } it.head(2) = A.inverse()*B; it(2) = 1; l++; } } // find offset, index correspondence uint32_t id_cors = 0; { double error = INT_MAX; auto& l0 = ls.front(); double dir = std::atan2(-l0.coef(0), l0.coef(1))/MATH_PI*180; if(dir < 0) { dir += 180; } for(uint32_t i=0; iedges[i].dir - dir)*2; err += std::abs(l0.p0.dot(prev->edges[i].coef)); err += std::abs(l0.p1.dot(prev->edges[i].coef)); if(err < error) { id_cors = i; } } } ply = std::make_shared(size_); uint32_t id = 0; for(const auto& it: ls) { uint32_t pindex = (id+id_cors)%size_; ply->edges[pindex].coef = it.coef; double dir = std::atan2(-it.coef(0), it.coef(1))/MATH_PI*180; if(dir < 0) { dir += 180; } ply->edges[pindex].dir = dir; Eigen::Vector3d p01 = vertexs[id] - vertexs[(id+1)%size_]; ply->edges[pindex].length = p01.head(2).norm(); ply->vertexs.col(pindex) = vertexs[id]; id++; } return true; } void ImagePolygon::UpdateParameters() { UpdateParameters(polygon_); } void ImagePolygon::UpdateParameters(Polygon2D::Ptr ply) { // update threshold // Eigen::Vector3d center; // center.setZero(); // for(auto& it: ply->vertexs) // { // center += it; // } // center = center/size_; Eigen::Vector3d center = ply->vertexs.rowwise().mean(); ply->center = center; Eigen::VectorXd center2point(size_); Eigen::VectorXd center2line(size_); for(uint32_t i=0; ivertexs.col(i)).norm(); center2line(i) = std::abs( center.dot(ply->edges[i].coef) ); } filter_point_center_max_ = center2point.maxCoeff()*(1+filter_point_center_factor_); filter_line_center_min_ = center2line.minCoeff()*(1-filter_point_center_factor_); //@TODO double dis0=0, dis1=0; dis0 += std::abs(ply->edges[2].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(0) )); dis0 += std::abs(ply->edges[2].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(1) )); dis0 += std::abs(ply->edges[0].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(2) )); dis0 += std::abs(ply->edges[0].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(3) )); dis0 = dis0 / 4; double angle1 = LineAngleAverage(ply->edges[2].dir, ply->edges[0].dir); dis1 += std::abs(ply->edges[1].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(0) )); dis1 += std::abs(ply->edges[1].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(3) )); dis1 += std::abs(ply->edges[3].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(1) )); dis1 += std::abs(ply->edges[3].coef.dot(ply->vertexs.col(2) )); dis1 = dis1 / 4; double angle0 = LineAngleAverage(ply->edges[1].dir, ply->edges[3].dir); if(dis0 < dis1) { width_ = dis0; length_ = dis1; angle_width_ = angle0; angle_length_ = angle1; } else { width_ = dis1; length_ = dis0; angle_width_ = angle1; angle_length_ = angle0; } std::cout << "width: " << width_ << " length: " << length_ << "\n angle_width: " << angle_width_ << " angle_length: " << angle_length_ << "\n"; } double ImagePolygon::LineAngleError(double l0, double l1) { double e = std::abs(l0 - l1); if(e >90) { e = 180 - e; } return e; } double ImagePolygon::LineAngleAverage(double l0, double l1) { double e = (l0+l1)/2; if(std::abs(l0 - l1) > 90) { e = (l0+l1-180)/2; } return e; } void ImagePolygon::MarkImage(cv::Mat &img, const std::list &ls) { utils::color::rgbs colors = utils::color::get_rgbs(ls.size()); auto lines_it = ls.cbegin(); for (std::size_t i = 0; i < ls.size(); i++) { auto& it = *lines_it; cv::Scalar color(colors[i][0], colors[i][1], colors[i][2]); cv::Point2d p0(it.p0(0), it.p0(1)); cv::Point2d p1(it.p1(0), it.p1(1)); cv::line(img, p0, p1, color, 2 ); cv::circle(img, p0, 5, color); cv::circle(img, p1, 4, color); cv::putText(img, std::to_string(i),(p0+p1)/2, cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 2, color, 2 ); lines_it++; } if(polygon_ != nullptr) { const auto& c = polygon_->center; cv::circle(img, cv::Point2d(c(0), c(1)), filter_line_center_min_, cv::Scalar(0,0,255), 2); cv::circle(img, cv::Point2d(c(0), c(1)), filter_point_center_max_, cv::Scalar(0,255,0), 2); } } void ImagePolygon::MarkImage(cv::Mat& img, Polygon2D::ConstPtr ply) { utils::color::rgbs colors = utils::color::get_rgbs( size_ ); for (uint32_t i = 0; i < size_; i++) { uint32_t next = (i== size_-1)?0:i+1; auto& it = ply->vertexs; auto& ln = ply->edges[i]; cv::Scalar color(colors[i][2], colors[i][1], colors[i][0]); cv::Point2d p0( it(0,i), it(1,i) ); cv::Point2d p1( it(0,next), it(1, next) ); // draw id cv::putText(img, std::to_string(i),(p0+p1)/2, cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 2, color, 2 ); // draw vertex if(i == 0) { cv::circle(img, p0, 8, color, 3); } else { cv::circle(img, p0, 5, color); } // draw line if( std::abs(ln.dir - 90 ) < 45) { p0.y = 0; p0.x = -1*ln.coef(2)/ln.coef(0); p1.y = img.rows; p1.x = -1*(ln.coef(2) + ln.coef(1)*p1.y)/ln.coef(0); } else { p0.x = 0; p0.y = -1*ln.coef(2)/ln.coef(1); p1.x = img.cols; p1.y = -1*(ln.coef(2) + ln.coef(0)*p1.x)/ln.coef(1); } cv::line(img, p0, p1, color, 1 ); } } bool ImagePolygon::SaveMarkedImage(const std::string& fn, const cv::Mat& img, const std::list&ls) { cv::Mat img_line; if(img.channels() == 1) { #if (CV_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4) cv::cvtColor(img, img_line, cv::COLOR_GRAY2BGR); #else cv::cvtColor(img, img_line, CV_GRAY2BGR); #endif } else { img_line = img.clone(); } MarkImage(img_line, ls); return cv::imwrite(fn, img_line); } bool ImagePolygon::SaveMarkedImage(const std::string& fn, const cv::Mat& img, Polygon2D::ConstPtr ply) { cv::Mat img_line; if(img.channels() == 1) { #if (CV_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4) cv::cvtColor(img, img_line, cv::COLOR_GRAY2BGR); #else cv::cvtColor(img, img_line, CV_GRAY2BGR); #endif } else { img_line = img.clone(); } MarkImage(img_line, ply); return cv::imwrite(fn, img_line); } /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/image_polygon.h ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file image_polygon.h * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-22 * @brief image_polygon.h ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/ #ifndef __IMAGE_POLYGON_H #define __IMAGE_POLYGON_H /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include #include #include #include #include #include "json/json.hpp" #include "edlines/EDLineDetector.h" /* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/ namespace lqh { class ImagePolygon { public: using LineFeature = Eigen::Matrix; struct Edge2D { double dir; double length; Eigen::Vector3d coef; LineFeature feature; }; struct Polygon2D { using ConstPtr = std::shared_ptr; using Ptr = std::shared_ptr; Eigen::Vector3d center; Eigen::Matrix3Xd vertexs; std::vector edges; Polygon2D(uint32_t size) { center.setZero(); vertexs.resize(3, size); edges.resize(size); } EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW }; explicit ImagePolygon(const nlohmann::json& js, uint8_t size); Polygon2D::ConstPtr Add(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out); Polygon2D::ConstPtr Init(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out, const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& pts); bool SaveMarkedImage(const std::string& fn, const cv::Mat& img, Polygon2D::ConstPtr pyg); private: struct Line2D { double dir; Eigen::Vector3d p0, p1; Eigen::Vector3d coef; Eigen::Matrix2Xi points; EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW }; const uint32_t size_; // current implemention only support size_=4 uint32_t feature_size_; uint32_t feature_offset_; double feature_threshold_; double merge_distance_threshold_; double merge_angle_threshold_; double merge_endpoint_distance_threshold_; double filter_point_line_threshold_; double filter_line_angle_threshold_; double filter_point_center_factor_; double filter_point_center_max_; double filter_line_center_min_; //@TODO only apply for rectangular board, size_ == 4 double width_; double length_; double angle_width_; double angle_length_; std::unique_ptr detector_; // line detector // edge descripter Polygon2D::Ptr polygon_; // last polygon Polygon2D::ConstPtr ExtractPolygon(const cv::Mat& img, cv::Mat& img_out, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev); Polygon2D::Ptr InitPolygon(const Eigen::Matrix3Xd& pts); bool ExtractLines(const cv::Mat& img, std::list& ls); bool FilterLines(std::list& ls, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev); bool MergeLines(std::list& ls); bool FilterLinesByRectangule(std::list& ls, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev); bool SortLines(std::list& ls, Polygon2D::ConstPtr prev, Polygon2D::Ptr& ply); void UpdateParameters(); void UpdateParameters(Polygon2D::Ptr ply); double LineAngleError(double l0, double l1); double LineAngleAverage(double l0, double l1); void MarkImage(cv::Mat& img_out, const std::list&ls); void MarkImage(cv::Mat& img_out, Polygon2D::ConstPtr ply); bool SaveMarkedImage(const std::string& fn, const cv::Mat& img, const std::list&ls); }; } /* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ #endif /* !__IMAGE_POLYGON_H */ /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/pointcloud_polygon.cpp ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file pointcloud_polygon.cpp * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-26 * @brief pointcloud_polygon.cpp ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "pointcloud_polygon.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace lqh; /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ //#define NODEBUG /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ /* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * @brief * @param * @note * @return None */ PointcloudPolygon::PointcloudPolygon(const nlohmann::json& js, uint8_t size): size_(size), polygon_(nullptr) { pc_angle_resolution_ = js["angle_resolution"].get(); filter_angle_start_ = js["filter"]["angle_start"].get(); filter_angle_size_ = js["filter"]["angle_size"].get(); filter_distance_ = js["filter"]["distance"].get(); filter_floor_gap_ = js["filter"]["floor_gap"].get(); plane_point_num_min_ = js["plane"]["point_num_min"].get(); plane_distance_threshold_ = js["plane"]["distance_threshold"].get(); ring_point_num_min_ = js["ring"]["point_num_min"].get(); ring_endpoint_num_ = js["ring"]["endpoint_num"].get(); if(ring_endpoint_num_ > ring_point_num_min_) { std::cout << "W: ring:endpoint_num_min must <= ring:point_num_min\n" << " set ring:endpoint_num = ring:point_num_min\n"; ring_endpoint_num_ = ring_point_num_min_; } edge_point_num_min_ = js["edge"]["point_num_min"].get(); edge_distance_threshold_ = js["edge"]["distance_threshold"].get(); } PointcloudPolygon::Polygon3D::ConstPtr PointcloudPolygon::Add( const pcl::PointCloud& pc, pcl::PointCloud& pcc) { Polygon3D::Ptr ply = std::make_shared(size_); std::vector indices; if(pcc.size() != pc.size()) { pcl::copyPointCloud(pc, pcc); } for(auto& p : pcc.points) { p.rgba = 0xffffffff; } lqh::utils::color::rgbs colors = lqh::utils::color::get_rgbs(5); ply->coef.setZero(); SectorFilter(pc, indices); MarkPointcloud(pcc, colors[0], indices); if(indices.size() < plane_point_num_min_) { return nullptr; } // SaveMarkedPointcloud("SectorFilter.pcd", pc, indices); bool res = ExtractPlane(pc, indices, ply->coef); if(!res) { return nullptr; } MarkPointcloud(pcc, colors[1], indices); // SaveMarkedPointcloud("ExtractPlane.pcd", pc, indices); Indices edge_left, edge_right, inliers; ExtractRings(pc, indices, inliers, edge_left, edge_right); MarkPointcloud(pcc, colors[2], inliers); MarkPointcloud(pcc, colors[3], edge_left); MarkPointcloud(pcc, colors[4], edge_right); // SaveMarkedPointcloud("inlier.pcd", pc, inliers); // SaveMarkedPointcloud("edge_left.pcd", pc, edge_left); // SaveMarkedPointcloud("edge_right.pcd", pc, edge_right); // vertexs, line coefficient is not valid ply->inliers.resize(3, inliers.size()); for(uint32_t i=0; iinliers.col(i) << p.x, p.y, p.z; } //ExtractEdges(pc, edge_left, ply->edges[0], ply->edges[1]); //ExtractEdges(pc, edge_right, ply->edges[3], ply->edges[2]); ExtractEdgesMems(pc, edge_left, ply->edges[0], ply->edges[1], true); ExtractEdgesMems(pc, edge_right, ply->edges[3], ply->edges[2], false); polygon_ = ply; // SaveMarkedPointcloud("Add.pcd",pc, ply); return ply; } void PointcloudPolygon::SetFilterParameters(const Eigen::Vector4d& p) { if(p(0) >=0 && p(0) <=360) { filter_angle_start_ = p(0); } if(p(1) >0 && p(1) < 360) { filter_angle_size_ = p(1); } if(p(2) > 0) { filter_distance_ = p(2); } if(p(3) > -10) { filter_floor_gap_ = p(3); } } void PointcloudPolygon::SectorFilter(const PCI& pc, Indices& indices) { indices.clear(); indices.reserve(plane_point_num_min_*10); Eigen::Vector4f min_pt, max_pt; pcl::getMinMax3D(pc, min_pt, max_pt); double z_threshold = min_pt(2)+ filter_floor_gap_; for(uint32_t i=0; i z_threshold && dis < filter_distance_ && size < filter_angle_size_) { indices.push_back(i); } } } bool PointcloudPolygon::ExtractPlane(const PCI& pc, Indices& indices, Eigen::Vector4d& coef) { PCI::Ptr pc_ptr (new PCI); pcl::copyPointCloud(pc, *pc_ptr); pcl::IndicesPtr indices_ptr(new std::vector); indices_ptr->resize(indices.size()); std::copy(indices.begin(), indices.end(), indices_ptr->begin()); pcl::ModelCoefficients model_coef; pcl::PointIndices ids; pcl::SACSegmentation seg; seg.setOptimizeCoefficients (true); seg.setModelType (pcl::SACMODEL_PLANE); seg.setMethodType (pcl::SAC_RANSAC); seg.setDistanceThreshold (plane_distance_threshold_); seg.setInputCloud(pc_ptr); seg.setIndices(indices_ptr); seg.segment(ids, model_coef); if(ids.indices.size() > plane_point_num_min_ ) { coef << model_coef.values[0], model_coef.values[1], model_coef.values[2], model_coef.values[3]; std::swap(ids.indices, indices); return true; } else { std::cerr << "E: Fail to extract plane" << std::endl; return false; } } bool PointcloudPolygon::ExtractRings(const PCI& pc, const Indices& indices, Indices& inlier, Indices& left, Indices& right) { struct Point { int8_t pitch; uint32_t id; double yaw; Point(uint32_t pid, int8_t ppitch, double pyaw): pitch(ppitch),id(pid),yaw(pyaw) {} }; if(indices.size() < plane_point_num_min_) { std::cerr << "E: no enough points to extract edge/inlier\n"; return false; } std::map> pts; for(auto it:indices) { auto& p = pc.points[it]; double yaw = std::atan2(p.y, p.x); double pitch_d = std::atan(p.z/std::sqrt(p.y*p.y+p.x*p.x))/MATH_PI*180; int16_t pitch = std::round(pitch_d/pc_angle_resolution_); pts[pitch].emplace_back(it, pitch, yaw); } left.reserve( pts.size()*ring_endpoint_num_ ); right.reserve( pts.size()*ring_endpoint_num_ ); inlier.reserve(indices.size() - pts.size()*ring_endpoint_num_*2); for(auto& r: pts ) { auto& ring = r.second; // every ring must have certain points if(ring.size() < ring_point_num_min_) { continue; } std::sort(ring.begin(), ring.end(), [](const Point& a, const Point& b) { return a.yaw < b.yaw; }); // clean every ring with 3 sigma principle // sample the center 1/3 double mean = 0; double sigma = 0; uint32_t num = ring.size()-1; uint32_t num_3 = num/3; std::vector yaw_err(num); for(uint32_t i=0; i= num_3 && i 3*sigma) { ring.erase(ring.begin()+i+1, ring.end()); break; } } for(int32_t i=center-1; i>=0; i--) { if(std::abs(yaw_err[i]-mean) > 3*sigma) { ring.erase(ring.begin(), ring.begin()+i+1); break; } } // save endpoints: edges for(uint32_t i=0; i 2*ring_endpoint_num_ ) { for(uint32_t i=ring_endpoint_num_; idouble { return std::atan2(p.y, p.x); }; // only one line if(ids.size() == indices.size()) { double yaw_b = Yaw(pc.points[ids.front()]); double yaw_t = Yaw(pc.points[ids.back()]); double yaw_bt = yaw_t-yaw_b; if(std::abs(yaw_bt) > MATH_PI) { yaw_bt = yaw_bt >MATH_PI ? 2*MATH_PI - yaw_bt : 2*MATH_PI+yaw_bt; } if(yaw_bt > 0) { edge0.coef = coef; // the line is first line edge0.p0 = pt; AssembleEdge(ids, edge0); } else { edge1.coef = coef; edge1.coef = pt; AssembleEdge(ids, edge1); } } else { // two lines // ids_another = indices - ids std::vector ids_another; std::set_difference( indices.begin(), indices.end(), ids.begin(), ids.end(), std::back_inserter( ids_another ) ); double err_dis = 0; for(uint32_t i=0; i edge_distance_threshold_) { // fitline is the second line edge1.coef = coef; AssembleEdge(ids, edge1); AssembleEdge(ids_another, edge0); } else { edge0.coef = coef; AssembleEdge(ids, edge0); AssembleEdge(ids_another, edge1); } } return true; } bool PointcloudPolygon::ExtractEdgesMems(const PCI& pc, Indices& indices, Edge3D& edge0, Edge3D& edge1, bool is_left) { Indices first, second; first.reserve(indices.size()/2); // left find y-max, right find y-min double y_m = pc.points[indices[0]].y; uint32_t id_sep = 0; if(is_left) { uint32_t i = 0; for(auto id : indices) { if(pc.points[id].y >= y_m) { y_m = pc.points[id].y; id_sep = i; } i++; } if (id_sep == 0) { id_sep = indices.size()-1; } } else { uint32_t i = 0; for(auto id : indices) { if(pc.points[id].y < y_m) { y_m = pc.points[id].y; id_sep = i; } i++; } if(id_sep == indices.size()-1) { id_sep = 0; } } for(uint32_t i=0; i<=id_sep; i++) { first.push_back(indices[i]); } for(uint32_t i=id_sep; i 3) { Indices inlier; FitLine(pc, indice, inlier, edge.coef, edge.p0); edge.points.resize(3, inlier.size()); uint32_t i=0; for(auto it: inlier) { edge.points(0,i)= pc.points[it].x; edge.points(1,i)= pc.points[it].y; edge.points(2,i)= pc.points[it].z; i++; } } }; makeEdge(first, edge0); makeEdge(second, edge1); return true; }; void PointcloudPolygon::FitLine(const PCI& pc, const Indices& indices, Indices& inlier, Eigen::Vector3d& coef, Eigen::Vector3d& pt) { PCI::Ptr pc_ptr(new PCI); pc_ptr->points.reserve(indices.size()); for(auto it:indices) { pc_ptr->points.push_back( pc.points[it] ); } pcl::ModelCoefficients model_coef; pcl::PointIndices ids; pcl::SACSegmentation seg; seg.setOptimizeCoefficients (true); seg.setModelType (pcl::SACMODEL_LINE); seg.setMethodType (pcl::SAC_RANSAC); seg.setDistanceThreshold (edge_distance_threshold_); seg.setInputCloud(pc_ptr); seg.segment(ids, model_coef); pt(0) = model_coef.values[0]; pt(1) = model_coef.values[1]; pt(2) = model_coef.values[2]; coef(0) = model_coef.values[3]; coef(1) = model_coef.values[4]; coef(2) = model_coef.values[5]; coef.normalize(); inlier.reserve(ids.indices.size()); for(auto it:ids.indices) { inlier.push_back(indices[it]); } } bool PointcloudPolygon::SaveMarkedPointcloud(const std::string& fn, const PCI& pc, const Indices& indices) const { pcl::PointCloud pcc; pcl::copyPointCloud(pc, pcc); for(auto& it:pcc.points) { it.rgba = 0xffffffff; } for(auto it: indices) { pcc.points[it].rgba = 0xffff0000; } return pcl::io::savePCDFileBinary(fn, pcc); } bool PointcloudPolygon::SaveMarkedPointcloud(const std::string& fn, const pcl::PointCloud& pc, Polygon3D::ConstPtr ply) const { pcl::PointCloud pcc; pcc.points.reserve(ply->inliers.cols() + ply->edges[0].points.cols()* ply->edges.size()); lqh::utils::color::rgbs colors = lqh::utils::color::get_rgbs(size_+1); pcl::PointXYZRGB p; for(uint32_t i=0; iedges[i].points; for(uint32_t j=0; jinliers.cols(); i++) { p.x = ply->inliers(0,i); p.y = ply->inliers(1,i); p.z = ply->inliers(2,i); pcc.push_back(p); } return pcl::io::savePCDFileBinary(fn, pcc); } bool PointcloudPolygon::SaveEdgePoints(const std::string& fn_prefix) { Eigen::IOFormat fmt(Eigen::FullPrecision, 0, ", ", "\n", "", "", "", ""); for(uint8_t i=0; iedges.size(); i++) { std::ofstream f(fn_prefix+std::to_string(i)+".csv"); if( !f.good() ) { return false; } f << polygon_->edges[i].points.transpose().format(fmt); f.close(); } return true; } void PointcloudPolygon::MarkPointcloud(pcl::PointCloud& pcc, const lqh::utils::color::rgb& color, const Indices& indices) const { for(auto it : indices) { auto& p = pcc.points[it]; p.r = color[0]; p.g = color[1]; p.b = color[2]; } } /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/pointcloud_polygon.h ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file pointcloud_polygon.h * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-26 * @brief pointcloud_polygon.h ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/ #ifndef __POINTCLOUD_POLYGON_H #define __POINTCLOUD_POLYGON_H /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include #include #include #include #include "utils.h" #include "json/json.hpp" /* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/ namespace lqh { class PointcloudPolygon { public: struct Edge3D { // @TODO Eigen::Vector3d p0; // maybe invalid Eigen::Vector3d coef; // maybe invalid Eigen::Matrix3Xd points; Edge3D():p0(0,0,0),coef(0,0,0) {} }; struct Polygon3D { using ConstPtr = std::shared_ptr; using Ptr = std::shared_ptr; Eigen::Vector4d coef; Eigen::Matrix3Xd inliers; std::vector vertexs; // maybe invalid std::vector edges; Polygon3D(uint32_t size) { vertexs.resize(size, Eigen::Vector3d::Zero()); edges.resize(size); } EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW }; explicit PointcloudPolygon(const nlohmann::json& js, uint8_t size); Polygon3D::ConstPtr Add(const pcl::PointCloud& pc, pcl::PointCloud& pcc); void SetFilterParameters(const Eigen::Vector4d& p); Eigen::Vector4d GetFilterParameters() { return Eigen::Vector4d(filter_angle_start_, filter_angle_size_, filter_distance_, filter_floor_gap_); } bool SaveMarkedPointcloud(const std::string& fn, const pcl::PointCloud& pc, Polygon3D::ConstPtr ply) const; bool SaveEdgePoints(const std::string& fn_prefix); private: using PCI = pcl::PointCloud; using Indices = std::vector; const uint8_t size_; double pc_angle_resolution_; double filter_angle_start_; double filter_angle_size_; double filter_distance_; double filter_floor_gap_; uint32_t plane_point_num_min_; double plane_distance_threshold_; uint32_t ring_point_num_min_; uint32_t ring_endpoint_num_; uint32_t edge_point_num_min_; double edge_distance_threshold_; Polygon3D::Ptr polygon_; void SectorFilter(const PCI& pc, Indices& indices); bool ExtractPlane(const PCI& pc, Indices& indices, Eigen::Vector4d& coef); Polygon3D::Ptr ExtractEdgeInlier(const PCI& pc, const Indices& indices); bool ExtractRings(const PCI& pc, const Indices& indices, Indices& inlier, Indices& left, Indices& right); bool ExtractEdges(const PCI& pc, Indices& indices, Edge3D& edge0, Edge3D& edge1); void FitLine(const PCI& pc, const Indices& indices, Indices& inlier, Eigen::Vector3d& coef, Eigen::Vector3d& pt); void MarkPointcloud(pcl::PointCloud& pcc, const lqh::utils::color::rgb& color, const Indices& indices) const; bool SaveMarkedPointcloud(const std::string& fn, const PCI& pc, const Indices& indices) const; bool ExtractEdgesMems(const PCI& pc, Indices& indices, Edge3D& edge0, Edge3D& edge1, bool is_left); }; } /* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ #endif /* !__POINTCLOUD_POLYGON_H */ /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal/utils.h ================================================ /* * utils.h * Copyright (C) 2016 Nick.Liao * * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. */ #ifndef UTILS_H #define UTILS_H #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include //#define LQH_DEBUG namespace lqh { const double MATH_PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832; namespace utils { /** * @brief * @note: used only in main thread */ class pm { private: boost::thread_group threadpool_; boost::asio::io_service service_; std::unique_ptr work_; public: // type class helper { friend class pm; private: std::mutex mtx_; std::condition_variable cv_; uint32_t cnt_; // we don't want them to be called outside void increase() { std::lock_guard lg(mtx_); cnt_++; } void decrease() { std::unique_lock lg(mtx_); cnt_--; lg.unlock(); cv_.notify_one(); } void wait() { std::unique_lock ulk(mtx_); while(cnt_) { cv_.wait(ulk, [this] {return !cnt_;} ); cnt_ = 0; } } public: helper():cnt_(0) {}; }; // member function pm(uint32_t t_num=0): work_(new boost::asio::io_service::work(service_)) { uint32_t hard_num = boost::thread::hardware_concurrency(); t_num = t_num >0?t_num:(hard_num > 1? hard_num-1:1); for(uint32_t i=0; i void post(helper& h, F f) { auto handler = [f, &h]() { f(); h.decrease(); }; h.increase(); service_.post(handler); } void wait(helper& h) { h.wait(); } }; class color { private: public: using rgb = std::array; using rgbs = std::vector; static rgb HSL2RGB(double H, double S, double L) { rgb res{{0,0,0}}; H = H<0 || H>360 ? 180:H; S = S<0 || S>1 ? 0.5:S; L = L<0 || L>1 ? 0.5:L; double C = (1-std::abs(2*L-1))*S; double X = C*(1-std::abs(std::fmod(H/60, 2) -1)); double m = L - C/2; double RR, GG, BB; if(H <60) { RR = C; GG = X; BB = 0; } else if(H <120) { RR = X; GG = C; BB = 0; } else if(H <180) { RR = 0; GG = C; BB = X; } else if(H <240) { RR = 0; GG = X; BB = C; } else if(H <300) { RR = X; GG = 0; BB = C; } else { RR = X; GG = 0; BB = C; } res[0] = static_cast((RR+m)*255); res[1] = static_cast((GG+m)*255); res[2] = static_cast((BB+m)*255); return res; }; static rgbs get_rgbs(uint32_t n, double S=0.5, double L=0.5 ) { n = !n ? 1:n; // at least 1 rgbs res(n); double step = 360/n; double H = 0; for(uint32_t i=0; i #include CQtOpenCVViewerGl::CQtOpenCVViewerGl(QWidget *parent) : QOpenGLWidget(parent), is_pick_points_(false) { points_.reserve(4); mBgColor = QColor::fromRgb(150, 150, 150); } void CQtOpenCVViewerGl::initializeGL() { makeCurrent(); initializeOpenGLFunctions(); float r = ((float)mBgColor.darker().red())/255.0f; float g = ((float)mBgColor.darker().green())/255.0f; float b = ((float)mBgColor.darker().blue())/255.0f; glClearColor(r,g,b,1.0f); } void CQtOpenCVViewerGl::resizeGL(int width, int height) { makeCurrent(); glViewport(0, 0, (GLint)width, (GLint)height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(0, width, -height, 0, 0, 1); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); recalculatePosition(); emit imageSizeChanged(mRenderWidth, mRenderHeight); updateScene(); } void CQtOpenCVViewerGl::updateScene() { if (this->isVisible()) update(); } void CQtOpenCVViewerGl::paintGL() { makeCurrent(); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); renderImage(); } void CQtOpenCVViewerGl::renderImage() { drawMutex.lock(); makeCurrent(); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); if (!mRenderQtImg.isNull()) { glLoadIdentity(); glPushMatrix(); { if (mResizedImg.width() <= 0) { if (mRenderWidth == mRenderQtImg.width() && mRenderHeight == mRenderQtImg.height()) mResizedImg = mRenderQtImg; else mResizedImg = mRenderQtImg.scaled(QSize(mRenderWidth, mRenderHeight), Qt::IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation); } // ---> Centering image in draw area glRasterPos2i(mRenderPosX, mRenderPosY); glPixelZoom(1, -1); glDrawPixels(mResizedImg.width(), mResizedImg.height(), GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, mResizedImg.bits()); } glPopMatrix(); // end glFlush(); } drawMutex.unlock(); } void CQtOpenCVViewerGl::recalculatePosition() { mImgRatio = (float)mOrigImage.cols/(float)mOrigImage.rows; mRenderWidth = this->size().width(); mRenderHeight = floor(mRenderWidth / mImgRatio); if (mRenderHeight > this->size().height()) { mRenderHeight = this->size().height(); mRenderWidth = floor(mRenderHeight * mImgRatio); } mRenderPosX = floor((this->size().width() - mRenderWidth) / 2); mRenderPosY = -floor((this->size().height() - mRenderHeight) / 2); mResizedImg = QImage(); } bool CQtOpenCVViewerGl::showImage(const cv::Mat& image, bool isInside) { // for pick poitns if(!isInside) { image.copyTo(img_); } drawMutex.lock(); if (image.channels() == 3) #if (CV_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4) cv::cvtColor(image, mOrigImage, cv::COLOR_BGR2RGBA); #else cvtColor(image, mOrigImage, CV_BGR2RGBA); #endif else if (image.channels() == 1) #if (CV_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4) cv::cvtColor(image, mOrigImage, cv::COLOR_GRAY2RGBA); #else cvtColor(image, mOrigImage, CV_GRAY2RGBA); #endif else if (image.channels() == 4) mOrigImage = image; else return false; mRenderQtImg = QImage((const unsigned char*)(mOrigImage.data), mOrigImage.cols, mOrigImage.rows, mOrigImage.step1(), QImage::Format_RGB32); recalculatePosition(); updateScene(); drawMutex.unlock(); return true; } void CQtOpenCVViewerGl::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event) { if(!is_pick_points_ || event->button() != Qt::LeftButton) { return; } int off_x = 0, off_y = 0; int img_x = 0, img_y = 0; if(width()/height() > mImgRatio ) { img_y = height(); off_y = 0; img_x = floor(height()*mImgRatio); off_x = floor((width() - img_x)/2); } else { img_x = width(); off_x = 0; img_y = floor(width()/mImgRatio); off_y = floor((height() - img_y)/2); } double x = static_cast(event->x() - off_x)/img_x*img_.cols; double y = static_cast(event->y() - off_y)/img_y*img_.rows; points_.emplace_back(x,y); cv::Mat img; img_.copyTo(img); for(const auto& p: points_) { cv::circle(img, p, 5, cv::Scalar(0,0,255),-1); } showImage(img, true); } ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/cqtopencvviewergl.h ================================================ #ifndef CQTOPENCVVIEWERGL_H #define CQTOPENCVVIEWERGL_H #include #include #include #include #include #include class CQtOpenCVViewerGl : public QOpenGLWidget, protected QOpenGLFunctions_2_0 { Q_OBJECT public: explicit CQtOpenCVViewerGl(QWidget *parent = 0); void startPickPoints() { is_pick_points_ = true; points_.clear(); } void stopPickPoints() { is_pick_points_ = false; points_.clear(); } void getPickpoints(std::vector& pts) { pts.clear(); if(points_.size() >= 4) { pts = points_; } stopPickPoints(); return; } signals: void imageSizeChanged( int outW, int outH ); /// Used to resize the image outside the widget public slots: bool showImage(const cv::Mat& image, bool isInside = false); /// Used to set the image to be viewed protected: void initializeGL(); /// OpenGL initialization void paintGL(); /// OpenGL Rendering void resizeGL(int width, int height); /// Widget Resize Event void updateScene(); void renderImage(); // pick points void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent* event); private: QImage mRenderQtImg; /// Qt image to be rendered QImage mResizedImg; cv::Mat mOrigImage; /// original OpenCV image to be shown QColor mBgColor; /// Background color float mImgRatio; /// width/height = cols/rows ratio int mRenderWidth; int mRenderHeight; int mRenderPosX; int mRenderPosY; std::mutex drawMutex; bool is_pick_points_; cv::Mat img_; std::vector points_; void recalculatePosition(); }; #endif // CQTOPENCVVIEWERGL_H ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/data_reader.cpp ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file data_reader.cpp * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-20 * @brief data_reader.cpp ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "data_reader.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ const QString DataReader::kPointcloudFolderName ("pointcloud"); const QString DataReader::kImageFolderName("image_orig"); const QString DataReader::kLaserscanFolderName("laser"); const QString DataReader::kTransformFileNmae ("tf.txt"); /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ /* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ DataReader::DataReader(const QString& path): dataset_root_(path), image_extension_("jpeg"), is_valid_(false), flag_kd_(0x00), size_(0), index_(0) { size_ = getDataNum(path); is_valid_ = size_>0 ? true:false; K_ = cv::Mat(3, 3, CV_32FC1); D_ = cv::Mat(5,1,CV_32FC1); } uint32_t DataReader::getDataNum(const QString &path) { QDir dir(path); if(!dir.exists()) { return false; } QStringList items = dir.entryList(QDir::Dirs|QDir::Files|QDir::NoDotAndDotDot); if(!items.contains(kPointcloudFolderName)) { return 0; } if(!items.contains(kImageFolderName)) { return 0; } // if(!items.contains(kLaserscanFolderName)) // { // return 0; // } // if(!items.contains(kTransformFileNmae)) // { // return 0; // } QStringList imgs = QDir(path + QDir::separator() + kImageFolderName) .entryList(QDir::Files|QDir::NoDotAndDotDot); if(imgs.size() > 0) { QFileInfo fi(imgs[0]); image_extension_ = fi.completeSuffix(); } return imgs.count(); } pcl::PointCloud::Ptr DataReader::getPointcloud() { QString fp = dataset_root_ + QDir::separator() + kPointcloudFolderName + QDir::separator() + QString("%1.pcd").arg(index_); pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pc(new pcl::PointCloud); if(pcl::io::loadPCDFile(fp.toStdString(), *pc) == 1) { pc = nullptr; } return pc; } std::shared_ptr DataReader::getImage() { if(flag_kd_ &0x03 != 0x03) { // K, D not set return nullptr; } QString fp = dataset_root_ + QDir::separator() + kImageFolderName + QDir::separator() + QString("%1.").arg(index_) + image_extension_; cv::Mat img_orig = cv::imread(fp.toStdString(), cv::IMREAD_COLOR); if(img_orig.data == NULL) { std::cerr << "Fail to read " << fp.toStdString() << std::endl; return nullptr; } std::shared_ptr img = std::make_shared(); cv::undistort(img_orig, *img, K_, D_); return img; } bool DataReader::moveNext() { if(index_ >= (size_-1)) { return false; } index_++; return true; } void DataReader::setCameraK(const Eigen::Matrix3d &k) { K_ = cv::Mat(3,3,CV_32FC1); for(uint8_t i=0; i<9; i++) { K_.ptr(i/3)[i%3] = k(i/3,i%3); } flag_kd_ |= 0x01; } void DataReader::setCameraD(const Eigen::Matrix& d) { D_ = cv::Mat(5,1,CV_32FC1); D_.ptr(0)[0] = d(0); D_.ptr(1)[0] = d(1); D_.ptr(2)[0] = d(2); D_.ptr(3)[0] = d(3); D_.ptr(4)[0] = d(4); flag_kd_ |= 0x02; } /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/data_reader.h ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file data_reader.h * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-20 * @brief data_reader.h ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/ #ifndef __DATA_READER_H #define __DATA_READER_H /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include #include #include #include #include /* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/ class DataReader { public: DataReader(const QString& path); bool isValid() { return is_valid_; } pcl::PointCloud::Ptr getPointcloud(); std::shared_ptr getImage(); bool moveNext(); uint32_t getDatasetSize() { return size_; } uint32_t getCurrentId() { return index_; } void setCameraK(const Eigen::Matrix3d& k); void setCameraD(const Eigen::Matrix& d); private: static const QString kPointcloudFolderName; static const QString kImageFolderName; static const QString kLaserscanFolderName; static const QString kTransformFileNmae; QString dataset_root_; QString image_extension_; bool is_valid_; uint8_t flag_kd_; uint32_t index_; uint32_t size_; cv::Mat K_; cv::Mat D_; uint32_t getDataNum(const QString& path); }; /* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ #endif /* !__DATA_READER_H */ /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/imageviewer.cpp ================================================ #include "imageviewer.h" #include "ui_imageviewer.h" #include #include #include #include ImageViewer::ImageViewer(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::ImageViewer), img_(nullptr) { ui->setupUi(this); setWindowFlags(Qt::Window | Qt::WindowMinimizeButtonHint | Qt::WindowMaximizeButtonHint); } ImageViewer::~ImageViewer() { delete ui; } /** * @brief show image in standlone window * @param img */ void ImageViewer::showImage(std::shared_ptr img) { ui->image_widget->showImage(*img); img_ = img; } void ImageViewer::startPickPoints() { ui->image_widget->startPickPoints(); } void ImageViewer::quitPickPoints() { ui->image_widget->stopPickPoints(); } void ImageViewer::getPickPoitns(std::vector& pts) { ui->image_widget->getPickpoints(pts); } void ImageViewer::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event) { if(img_ == nullptr) { return; } QMenu menu(this); menu.addAction(ui->actionSave_Image); menu.exec(event->globalPos()); } void ImageViewer::on_actionSave_Image_triggered() { QString fn = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this, tr("Save Image"), "", tr("Image(*.png)")); qDebug() << fn; if(fn.isEmpty()) { return; } if(!cv::imwrite(fn.toStdString(), *img_)) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to save image")); } } ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/imageviewer.h ================================================ #ifndef IMAGEVIEWER_H #define IMAGEVIEWER_H #include #include #include #include namespace Ui { class ImageViewer; } class ImageViewer : public QMainWindow { Q_OBJECT public: explicit ImageViewer(QWidget *parent = 0); ~ImageViewer(); void startPickPoints(); void quitPickPoints(); void getPickPoitns(std::vector& pts); public slots: void showImage(std::shared_ptr img); protected: void contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event) override; private slots: void on_actionSave_Image_triggered(); private: Ui::ImageViewer *ui; std::shared_ptr img_; }; #endif // IMAGEVIEWER_H ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/imageviewer.ui ================================================ ImageViewer 0 0 800 600 Image Viewer 0 0 0 0 0 Save Image save this image CQtOpenCVViewerGl QWidget
cqtopencvviewergl.h
1
================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/main.cpp ================================================ #include "mainwindow.h" #include int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication a(argc, argv); MainWindow w; w.show(); return a.exec(); } ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/mainwindow.cpp ================================================ #include "mainwindow.h" #include "ui_mainwindow.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::MainWindow), sid_(INT_MAX), is_calibrated_(false), data_reader_(nullptr), img_(nullptr), pc_(nullptr) { ui->setupUi(this); config_path_ = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, tr("Open File"), ".", tr("Config JSON Files(*.json)")); if(config_path_.isEmpty()) { QTimer::singleShot(0,this, &QApplication::quit); return; } std::ifstream f(config_path_.toStdString()); if(!f.good()) { f.close(); QTimer::singleShot(0,this, &QApplication::quit); return; } try { f >> js_; } catch(nlohmann::json::parse_error& e) { std::cerr << e.what(); f.close(); QTimer::singleShot(0,this, &QApplication::quit); return; } calibrator_.reset(new lqh::Calibrator(js_)); auto& flt = js_["pc"]["filter"]; ui->angle_start_slide->setValue(static_cast(flt["angle_start"])); ui->angle_size_slide->setValue(static_cast(flt["angle_size"])); ui->distance_slide->setValue(static_cast(10*flt["distance"].get()) ); ui->floor_gap_slide->setValue(static_cast(10*flt["floor_gap"].get()) ); img_viewer_.reset(new ImageViewer); img_viewer_->show(); pc_viewer_.reset(new PointcloudViewer); pc_viewer_->show(); connect(ui->angle_start_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &MainWindow::processSlider); connect(ui->angle_size_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &MainWindow::processSlider); connect(ui->distance_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &MainWindow::processSlider); connect(ui->floor_gap_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &MainWindow::processSlider); } MainWindow::~MainWindow() { delete ui; } void MainWindow::closeEvent(QCloseEvent * event) { if(img_viewer_) { img_viewer_->close(); img_viewer_.release(); } if(pc_viewer_) { pc_viewer_->close(); img_viewer_.release(); } event->accept(); } void MainWindow::on_actionSet_K_triggered() { bool ok = false; QString last; auto& K = js_["cam"]["K"]; for(uint8_t i=0; i<9; i++) { last.append(QString("%1 ").arg(K[i/3][i%3].get())); } QString ks = QInputDialog::getText(this, tr("Camera matrix, K"), tr("K"), QLineEdit::Normal, last, &ok); if(!ok) { return; } if(!ks.isEmpty()) { ks.replace(QChar('\n'), QChar(' ')); QStringList ns = ks.simplified().split(" "); if(ns.size() == 9) { Eigen::Matrix3d CK; for(uint8_t i=0; i<9; i++) { CK(i/3,i%3) = ns[i].toDouble(); K[i/3][i%3] = CK(i/3,i%3); } if(data_reader_ != nullptr) { data_reader_->setCameraK(CK); } calibrator_->SetCameraK(CK); return; } } QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Invalid parameters")); } void MainWindow::on_actionSet_D_triggered() { bool ok = false; auto& D = js_["cam"]["D"]; QString last = QString("%1 %2 %3 %4 %5") .arg(D[0].get()) .arg(D[1].get()) .arg(D[2].get()) .arg(D[3].get()) .arg(D[4].get()); QString ks = QInputDialog::getText(this, tr("Distortion Parameters"), tr("D"), QLineEdit::Normal, last, &ok); if(!ok) { return; } if(!ks.isEmpty()) { Eigen::Matrix CD; ks.replace(QChar('\n'), QChar(' ')); QStringList ns = ks.split(" "); if(ns.size() == 5) { for(uint8_t i=0; i<5; i++) { CD(i) = ns[i].toDouble(); D[i] = CD(i); } if(data_reader_ != nullptr) { data_reader_->setCameraD(CD); } return; } } QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Invalid parameters")); } void MainWindow::on_actionOpen_Dataset_triggered() { QString dir = QFileDialog::getExistingDirectory(this, tr("Open Directory"), QDir::homePath(), QFileDialog::ShowDirsOnly); if(!dir.isEmpty()) { data_reader_.reset(new DataReader(dir)); if(!data_reader_->isValid()) { data_reader_ = nullptr; QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Warn"), tr("The directory is invalid")); return; } Eigen::Matrix3d K; Eigen::Matrix D; auto& JK = js_["cam"]["K"]; auto& JD = js_["cam"]["D"]; for(uint8_t i=0; i<9; i++) { K(i/3,i%3) = JK[i/3][i%3]; if(i<5) { D(i) = JD[i]; } } data_reader_->setCameraK(K); data_reader_->setCameraD(D); data_root_ = dir; ui->total_data_num->setText(QString::number(data_reader_->getDatasetSize())); showTFWindow(); // on_next_pose_clicked(); } } void MainWindow::on_next_pose_clicked() { if(is_calibrated_) { //after calibration if(sid_ < sensor_data_.size()-1) { sid_++; } else { if(data_reader_->moveNext()) { sensor_data_.emplace_back(data_reader_->getCurrentId()); auto& last = sensor_data_.back(); last.img = data_reader_->getImage(); last.pc = data_reader_->getPointcloud(); if(!last.img ) { sensor_data_.pop_back(); QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to read image")); return; } if(!last.pc) { sensor_data_.pop_back(); QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to read pointcloud")); return; } last.pid = INT_MAX; // invalid sid_ = sensor_data_.size()-1; } else { // last one and fail to read more, so do noting return; } } showCalibrateResult(); } else { // before calibration processData(); } } void MainWindow::on_quick_next_pose_clicked() { if(is_calibrated_) { // previous if (sid_ >0) { sid_--; } showCalibrateResult(); } else { // quick next setEnabledAll(false); setCursor(Qt::WaitCursor); bool res = processData(); while(res) { res = processData(); QCoreApplication::processEvents(QEventLoop::AllEvents); // QThread::msleep(5); } setCursor(Qt::ArrowCursor); setEnabledAll(true); } } void MainWindow::on_delete_pose_clicked() { if(sensor_data_.size() > 0 ) { sensor_data_.back().img_good = false; sensor_data_.back().pc_good = false; calibrator_->Remove(); } processData(false); } void MainWindow::on_calibrate_clicked() { if(sensor_data_.size() < 1) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("No enough data to do calibration, at lease 3")); return; } setEnabledAll(false); setCursor(Qt::WaitCursor); // calibrator_->SavePolygonData(std::string("/home/nick/tmp")); bool res = calibrator_->Compute(); setCursor(Qt::ArrowCursor); setEnabledAll(true); if(!res) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to calibrate")); return; } is_calibrated_ = true; ui->quick_next_pose->setText(tr("Previous")); showCalibrateResult(); pc_viewer_->showCoordinateSystem(Eigen::Affine3f(calibrator_->GetTransformation().inverse().cast()), 1, 0.5); auto T = calibrator_->GetTransformation(); auto& tf = js_["tf"]; tf.clear(); for(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++) { tf.push_back(std::vector {T(i,0), T(i,1), T(i,2), T(i,3)}); } } void MainWindow::on_pick_points_start_clicked() { img_viewer_->startPickPoints(); } void MainWindow::on_pick_points_quit_clicked() { img_viewer_->quitPickPoints(); } void MainWindow::on_pick_points_end_clicked() { std::vector pts; img_viewer_->getPickPoitns(pts); if(pts.size() != js_["size"]) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Must choose ") + QString::number(js_["size"].get()) +tr(" points")); return; } auto& img_i = js_["img"]["init"]; img_i.clear(); for(int i=0; i(); i++) { img_i.push_back(std::vector {pts[i].x, pts[i].y}); } auto& last = sensor_data_.back(); if( calibrator_->RefineImage(*last.img, *last.img_marked, pts) ) { last.img_good = true; } img_viewer_->showImage(last.img_marked); updateLabels(); } void MainWindow::updateLabels() { if(sensor_data_.size() > 0) { ui->current_data_id->setText(QString::number(sid_)); uint32_t num = sensor_data_.size(); if(!sensor_data_.back().good()) { num -= 1; } ui->processed_data_num->setText(QString::number(num)); } else { ui->current_data_id->setText("Null"); ui->processed_data_num->setText("0"); } } bool MainWindow::processData(bool is_check) { if(data_reader_ == nullptr) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Open dataset first")); return false; } if( is_check && sensor_data_.size()>0 && !sensor_data_.back().good() ) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Current data is not good, adjust or delete")); return false; } if(sensor_data_.size() > 0 && !data_reader_->moveNext()) { return false; } sensor_data_.emplace_back(data_reader_->getCurrentId()); sid_ = sensor_data_.size()-1; auto& last = sensor_data_.back(); last.img = data_reader_->getImage(); if(!last.img ) { sensor_data_.pop_back(); QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to read image")); return false; } last.pc = data_reader_->getPointcloud(); if(!last.pc) { sensor_data_.pop_back(); QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to read pointcloud")); return false; } last.img_marked = std::make_shared(); last.img->copyTo(*last.img_marked); last.pc_marked.reset(new pcl::PointCloud); last.pid = calibrator_->Add(*last.img, *last.pc, *last.img_marked, *last.pc_marked); if(calibrator_->ImageGood(last.pid)) { last.img_good = true; } if(calibrator_->PointcloudGood(last.pid)) { last.pc_good = true; } img_viewer_->showImage(last.img_marked); pc_viewer_->showPointcloud(last.pc_marked); sid_ = sensor_data_.size()-1; updateLabels(); return true; } void MainWindow::setEnabledAll(bool status) { QList btns = ui->centralWidget->findChildren(); for(auto& it : btns) { it->setEnabled(status); } QList sliders = ui->pointcloud_group->findChildren(); for(auto& it : sliders) { it->setEnabled(status); } } void MainWindow::showCalibrateResult() { auto& sd = sensor_data_[sid_]; if(sd.img_proj == nullptr || sd.pc_proj == nullptr) { sd.img_proj.reset(new cv::Mat); sd.img->copyTo(*sd.img_proj); sd.pc_proj.reset(new pcl::PointCloud); pcl::copyPointCloud(*sd.pc, *sd.pc_proj); for(auto& p: sd.pc_proj->points) { p.rgba = 0xffffffff; } calibrator_->Project(*sd.pc_proj, *sd.img_proj); } img_viewer_->showImage(sd.img_proj); pc_viewer_->showPointcloud(sd.pc_proj); updateLabels(); } void MainWindow::on_actionSave_Result_triggered() { if(!is_calibrated_) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Not calibrate yet")); return; } QString fp = data_root_ + QDir::separator() + "calibration_" + QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-M-d-h-m-s") +".json"; std::ofstream f(fp.toStdString()); if(!f.good()) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to open file ")+fp); return; } const Eigen::Matrix4d& tf = calibrator_->GetTransformation(); nlohmann::json js; for(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++) { js["T"].push_back({tf(i,0), tf(i,1), tf(i,2), tf(i,3)}); } js["K"] = js_["cam"]["K"]; js["D"] = js_["cam"]["D"]; f << js.dump(4); f.close(); QMessageBox::information(this, tr("Success"), tr("Save calibration result to ")+fp); } void MainWindow::processSlider() { Eigen::Vector4d param; param(0) = ui->angle_start_slide->value(); param(1) = ui->angle_size_slide->value(); param(2) = ui->distance_slide->value()/10.0; param(3) = ui->floor_gap_slide->value()/10.0; ui->angle_start_text->setText( QString::number(param(0)) ); ui->angle_size_text->setText( QString::number(param(1)) ); ui->distance_text->setText( QString::number(param(2)) ); ui->floor_gap_text->setText( QString::number(param(3)) ); if(sensor_data_.size() == 0 || calibrator_ == nullptr) { return; } auto& filter = js_["pc"]["filter"]; filter["angle_start"] = param(0); filter["angle_size"] = param(1); filter["distance"] = param(2); filter["floor_gap"] = param(3); auto& sd = sensor_data_.back(); calibrator_->RefinePointcloud(*sd.pc, *sd.pc_marked, param); if(calibrator_->PointcloudGood(sd.pid)) { sd.pc_good = true; } pc_viewer_->showPointcloud(sd.pc_marked); } void MainWindow::on_actionSave_Config_triggered() { std::ofstream f(config_path_.toStdString()); if(!f.good()) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to open config file")); return; } f << js_.dump(4); f.close(); } void MainWindow::updateWithTransformation(Eigen::Matrix4d tf) { std::shared_ptr img_mark = std::make_shared(); img_->copyTo(*img_mark); pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pcc (new pcl::PointCloud); pcl::copyPointCloud(*pc_, *pcc); for(auto& p : pcc->points) { p.rgba = 0xffffffff; } // calibrator_->SetTranformation(tf_); calibrator_->SetTranformation(tf); calibrator_->Project(*pcc, *img_mark); img_viewer_->showImage(img_mark); pc_viewer_->showPointcloud(pcc); } void MainWindow::tfwindowClose() { this->move(tfwindow_->pos()); this->show(); tfwindow_.reset(nullptr); on_next_pose_clicked(); } void MainWindow::showTFWindow() { img_ = data_reader_->getImage(); pc_ = data_reader_->getPointcloud(); if(img_ == nullptr || pc_ == nullptr ) { QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Error"), tr("Fail to read image or pointcloud")); data_reader_.reset(nullptr); return; } pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pcc (new pcl::PointCloud); pcl::copyPointCloud(*pc_, *pcc); for(auto& p : pcc->points) { p.rgba = 0xffffffff; } std::shared_ptr img_mark = std::make_shared(); img_->copyTo(*img_mark); tfwindow_.reset(new TFwindow(calibrator_->GetTransformation())); connect(tfwindow_.get(), &TFwindow::newTransformation, this, &MainWindow::updateWithTransformation); connect(tfwindow_.get(), &TFwindow::tfwindowClose, this, &MainWindow::tfwindowClose); calibrator_->Project(*pcc, *img_mark); img_viewer_->showImage(img_mark); pc_viewer_->showPointcloud(pcc); tfwindow_->move(this->pos()); tfwindow_->show(); this->hide(); } ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/mainwindow.h ================================================ #ifndef MAINWINDOW_H #define MAINWINDOW_H #include #include #include #include #include "tfwindow.h" #include "pointcloudviewer.h" #include "imageviewer.h" #include "json/json.hpp" #include "calibrator.h" #include "data_reader.h" namespace Ui { class MainWindow; } class MainWindow : public QMainWindow { Q_OBJECT public: explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0); ~MainWindow(); public slots: void updateWithTransformation(Eigen::Matrix4d tf); void tfwindowClose(); protected: void closeEvent(QCloseEvent *); private: struct SensorData { bool img_good; bool pc_good; uint32_t id; uint32_t pid; std::shared_ptr img; pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pc; std::shared_ptr img_marked; pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pc_marked; std::shared_ptr img_proj; pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pc_proj; SensorData(uint32_t index):img_good(false), pc_good(false), id(index), img(nullptr), pc(nullptr), img_marked(nullptr), pc_marked(nullptr), img_proj(nullptr), pc_proj(nullptr){} bool good() { return (img_good && pc_good); } }; Ui::MainWindow *ui; QString config_path_; nlohmann::json js_; bool is_calibrated_; uint32_t sid_; QString data_root_; std::shared_ptr img_; pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pc_; std::unique_ptr data_reader_; std::unique_ptr pc_viewer_; std::unique_ptr img_viewer_; std::unique_ptr tfwindow_; std::unique_ptr calibrator_; std::vector sensor_data_; void updateLabels(); bool processData(bool is_check = true); void setEnabledAll(bool status); void showCalibrateResult(); void showTFWindow(); private slots: void on_actionSet_K_triggered(); void on_actionSet_D_triggered(); void on_actionOpen_Dataset_triggered(); void on_next_pose_clicked(); void on_quick_next_pose_clicked(); void on_delete_pose_clicked(); void on_calibrate_clicked(); void on_pick_points_start_clicked(); void on_pick_points_end_clicked(); void on_pick_points_quit_clicked(); void on_actionSave_Result_triggered(); void processSlider(); void on_actionSave_Config_triggered(); }; #endif // MAINWINDOW_H ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/mainwindow.ui ================================================ MainWindow 0 0 641 521 600 500 Multi-Sensor Extrinsic Calibration QSlider{ outline: none; border:none; } QPushButton{ outline: none; border: 2px solid #8f8f91; border-radius: 20px; background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1, stop: 0 #f6f7fa, stop: 1 #dadbde); } QPushButton::pressed{ background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1, stop: 0 #dadbde, stop: 1 #f6f7fa); } QPushButton::disabled{ border: none; } QPushButton:flat { border: none; /* no border for a flat push button */ } QPushButton:default { border-color: navy; /* make the default button prominent */ } #centralWidget { background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); } 6 6 Current Data ID Qt::AlignCenter 16 75 true QLabel{ color: rgb(115, 210, 22); background-color: #ccc; } 0 Qt::AlignCenter Processed Data Num Qt::AlignCenter 16 75 true QLabel{ color: rgb(115, 210, 22); background-color: #ccc; } 0 Qt::AlignCenter Total Data Num Qt::AlignCenter 16 75 true QLabel{ color: rgb(239, 41, 41); background-color: #ccc; } 0 Qt::AlignCenter 10 QLayout::SetDefaultConstraint 10 10 Image Control 40 10 10 10 10 true 0 0 Start Selection true 0 0 Quit Selection true 0 0 Finish Selection PointCloud Control 10 10 0 0 0 100 0 100 16777215 Angle Start Qt::AlignLeading|Qt::AlignLeft|Qt::AlignVCenter 0 0 100 0 100 16777215 Distance Qt::AlignLeading|Qt::AlignLeft|Qt::AlignVCenter 0 30 360 Qt::Horizontal 0 30 100 Qt::Horizontal 0 30 360 Qt::Horizontal 0 0 100 0 100 16777215 Angle Size Qt::AlignLeading|Qt::AlignLeft|Qt::AlignVCenter 35 0 40 16777215 000 Qt::AlignRight|Qt::AlignTrailing|Qt::AlignVCenter 35 0 40 16777215 000 Qt::AlignRight|Qt::AlignTrailing|Qt::AlignVCenter 35 0 40 16777215 00.0 Qt::AlignRight|Qt::AlignTrailing|Qt::AlignVCenter Floor Gap 100 Qt::Horizontal 0.0 Qt::AlignRight|Qt::AlignTrailing|Qt::AlignVCenter 40 10 10 10 10 true 0 0 Next Pose 0 0 Quick Next true 0 0 Delete Pose true 0 0 0 0 Calibrate toolBar TopToolBarArea false Save Config save result and config to files Ctrl+S Set K set camera matrix Set D set distortion coefficients Open Dataset choose dataset directory Save Result Save calibration result ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/pointcloudviewer.cpp ================================================ #include "pointcloudviewer.h" #include "ui_pointcloudviewer.h" #include #include PointcloudViewer::PointcloudViewer(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::PointcloudViewer) { ui->setupUi(this); setWindowFlags(Qt::Window | Qt::WindowMinimizeButtonHint | Qt::WindowMaximizeButtonHint); viewer_ = std::unique_ptr( new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer("viewer", false)); ui->qvtkWidget->SetRenderWindow(viewer_->getRenderWindow()); viewer_->setupInteractor(ui->qvtkWidget->GetInteractor(), ui->qvtkWidget->GetRenderWindow()); ui->qvtkWidget->update(); viewer_->resetCamera(); showCoordinateSystem(Eigen::Affine3f::Identity(), 0, 2); } PointcloudViewer::~PointcloudViewer() { delete ui; } /** * @brief show(add/update) pointcloud in the viewer * @param [in] pc xyzrgb pointcloud pointer * @param [in] index pointcloud id */ void PointcloudViewer::showPointcloud(pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pc, int index) { std::string pc_name = std::string("cloud_")+std::to_string(index); if(cloud_names_.count(index)) { // update viewer_->updatePointCloud(pc, pc_name); } else { //add cloud_names_.insert(index); viewer_->addPointCloud(pc, pc_name); } ui->qvtkWidget->update(); } /** * @brief show coordinate in the viewer * @param [in] tf the coordinate transformation * @param [in] index the coordinate id * @param [in] scale the scale, default 1.0 */ void PointcloudViewer::showCoordinateSystem(const Eigen::Affine3f& tf, int index, double scale) { std::string frame_name = std::string("frame_") + std::to_string(index); if(frame_names_.count(index)) { viewer_->updateCoordinateSystemPose(frame_name, tf); } else { frame_names_.insert(index); viewer_->addCoordinateSystem(scale, tf, frame_name); } } void PointcloudViewer::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event) { qDebug() << "right click"; QMenu menu(this); menu.addAction(ui->actionSave_PointCloud); menu.exec(event->globalPos()); } void PointcloudViewer::on_actionSave_PointCloud_triggered() { qDebug() << "right click"; } ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/pointcloudviewer.h ================================================ #ifndef POINTCLOUDVIEWER_H #define POINTCLOUDVIEWER_H #include #include #include #include #include #include #include namespace Ui { class PointcloudViewer; } class PointcloudViewer : public QMainWindow { Q_OBJECT public: explicit PointcloudViewer(QWidget *parent = 0); ~PointcloudViewer(); public slots: void showPointcloud(pcl::PointCloud::Ptr pc, int index = 0); void showCoordinateSystem(const Eigen::Affine3f& tf, int index, double scale=1.0); protected: void contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event) override; private slots: void on_actionSave_PointCloud_triggered(); private: Ui::PointcloudViewer *ui; std::unique_ptr viewer_; std::set cloud_names_; std::set frame_names_; }; #endif // POINTCLOUDVIEWER_H ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/pointcloudviewer.ui ================================================ PointcloudViewer 0 0 800 600 PointCloud Viewer 0 0 0 0 0 Save PointCloud save this pointcloud QVTKWidget QWidget
QVTKWidget.h
================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/tfwindow.cpp ================================================ #include "tfwindow.h" #include "ui_tfwindow.h" #include static const double PI(3.141592653589793238462); TFwindow::TFwindow(const Eigen::Matrix4d& tf, QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(new Ui::TFwindow) { ui->setupUi(this); auto setWidget = [](double data, QSlider* sld, QLabel* lb) { int32_t val = static_cast(std::round(data*500+500)); if (val <0 ) { val = 0; } if(val > 1000) { val = 1000; } sld->setValue(val); lb->setText(QString("%1").arg((val-500.0)/500.0, 6, 'f',3,' ')); }; setWidget(tf(0,3), ui->tx_slide, ui->tx_text); setWidget(tf(1,3), ui->ty_slide, ui->ty_text); setWidget(tf(2,3), ui->tz_slide, ui->tz_text); // xyz - euler Eigen::Matrix3d rotation = tf.topLeftCorner(3,3); // [0:pi]x[-pi:pi]x[-pi:pi] Eigen::Vector3d angle = rotation.eulerAngles(0, 1, 2)/PI*180; Eigen::Vector3i r = angle.cast(); uint16_t v = r(0) <0 ? 0 : (r(0)>180? 180: r(0)); ui->rx_slide->setValue( v ); ui->rx_text->setText( QString::number(v) ); v = r(1) < -180 ? 0 : (r(1) > 180 ? 360 : r(1) +180); ui->ry_slide->setValue( v ); ui->ry_text->setText( QString::number(r(1)) ); v = r(2) < -180 ? 0 : (r(2) > 180 ? 360 : r(2) +180); ui->rz_slide->setValue( v ); ui->rz_text->setText( QString::number(r(2)) ); connect(ui->rx_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &TFwindow::process); connect(ui->ry_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &TFwindow::process); connect(ui->rz_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &TFwindow::process); connect(ui->tx_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &TFwindow::process); connect(ui->ty_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &TFwindow::process); connect(ui->tz_slide, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &TFwindow::process); } TFwindow::~TFwindow() { delete ui; } void TFwindow::process() { Eigen::Matrix4d tf; tf.setIdentity(); tf(0,3) = (ui->tx_slide->value() - 500)/500.0; ui->tx_text->setText(QString::number(tf(0,3))); tf(1,3) = (ui->ty_slide->value() - 500)/500.0; ui->ty_text->setText(QString::number(tf(1,3))); tf(2,3) = (ui->tz_slide->value() - 500)/500.0; ui->tz_text->setText(QString::number(tf(2,3))); ui->rx_text->setText(QString::number(ui->rx_slide->value())); double rx = ui->rx_slide->value()/180.0*PI; ui->ry_text->setText(QString::number(ui->ry_slide->value()-180)); double ry = (ui->ry_slide->value()-180.0)/180.0*PI; ui->rz_text->setText(QString::number(ui->rz_slide->value()-180)); double rz = (ui->rz_slide->value()-180.0)/180.0*PI; Eigen::Quaterniond ag = Eigen::AngleAxisd(rx, Eigen::Vector3d::UnitX()) * Eigen::AngleAxisd(ry, Eigen::Vector3d::UnitY()) * Eigen::AngleAxisd(rz, Eigen::Vector3d::UnitZ()); tf.topLeftCorner(3,3) = ag.matrix(); tf.row(3) << 0,0,0,1; emit newTransformation(tf); } void TFwindow::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event) { emit tfwindowClose(); event->accept(); } ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/tfwindow.h ================================================ #ifndef TFWINDIOW_H #define TFWINDIOW_H #include #include #include namespace Ui { class TFwindow; } class TFwindow : public QMainWindow { Q_OBJECT public: explicit TFwindow(const Eigen::Matrix4d& tf, QWidget *parent = 0); ~TFwindow(); signals: void newTransformation(Eigen::Matrix4d tf); // void newTransformation(); void tfwindowClose(); protected: void closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event) override; private: Ui::TFwindow *ui; private slots: void process(); }; #endif // TFWINDIOW_H ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_qt/tfwindow.ui ================================================ TFwindow 0 0 796 399 MainWindow Rotation X 180 Qt::Horizontal 000 Y 360 Qt::Horizontal 000 Z 360 Qt::Horizontal 000 Translation X 1000 Qt::Horizontal 000 Y 1000 Qt::Horizontal 000 Z 1000 Qt::Horizontal 000 ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_test/CMakeLists.txt ================================================ if( CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE EQUAL "Release") add_definitions( -DNODEBUG ) endif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE EQUAL "Release") add_executable( test_image_polygon test_image_polygon.cpp ) target_link_libraries( test_image_polygon plycal ) add_executable( test_image_polygons test_image_polygons.cpp ) target_link_libraries( test_image_polygons plycal ) add_executable( test_pointcloud_polygon test_pointcloud_polygon.cpp ) target_link_libraries( test_pointcloud_polygon plycal ) ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_test/test_image_polygon.cpp ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file test_imagepolygon.cpp * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2017-12-25 * @brief test_imagepolygon.cpp ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2017 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "image_polygon.h" #include #include #include /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ /* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * @brief * @param * @note * @return None */ int main(int argc, char** argv) { std::string config_path, img_path; if(argc >= 3) { config_path = std::string(argv[1]); img_path = std::string(argv[2]); } else { std::cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " config_path image_path" << std::endl; return 1; } std::cout << "----------------------------------------"<< std::endl << "config path: " << config_path << std::endl << "image path: " << img_path << std::endl << "----------------------------------------" << std::endl; // parse config file std::ifstream f (config_path); if ( !f.good() ) { std::cerr << "[ERROR]\tconfig file doesn't exist" << std::endl; return 2; } std::string content{ std::istreambuf_iterator(f), std::istreambuf_iterator() }; f.close(); auto js= nlohmann::json::parse(content); auto& corners = js["img"]["init"]; Eigen::Matrix3Xd points; points.resize(3,4); points.row(2).setOnes(); for(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++) { points(0,i) = corners[i][0].get(); points(1,i) = corners[i][1].get(); } cv::Mat img = cv::imread(img_path, cv::IMREAD_COLOR); cv::Mat img_out; lqh::ImagePolygon cvx(js["img"], 4); cvx.Init(img, img_out, points); lqh::ImagePolygon::Polygon2D::ConstPtr ply = cvx.Add(img, img_out); cvx.SaveMarkedImage("ExtractPolygon.jpg", img, ply); std::cout << "-----------------END----------------\n"; return 0; } /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: PlyCal_test/test_image_polygons.cpp ================================================ /** ****************************************************************************** * @file test_image_polygons.cpp * @author Nick.Liao * @version V1.0.0 * @date 2018-01-02 * @brief test_image_polygons.cpp ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * Copyright (C) 2018 Nick.Liao * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "image_polygon.h" #include #include /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ /* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * @brief * @param * @note * @return None */ int main(int argc, char** argv) { std::string config_path, img_root_path; uint32_t num = 0; if(argc >= 4) { config_path = std::string(argv[1]); img_root_path = std::string(argv[2]); num = std::stoi(std::string(argv[3])); } else { std::cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " config_path image_root_path image_num" << std::endl; return 1; } std::cout << "\n----------------------------------------" << "\nconfig path: " << config_path << "\nimage path: " << img_root_path << "\nimage num: " << num << "\n----------------------------------------" << std::endl; // parse config file std::ifstream f (config_path); if ( !f.good() ) { std::cerr << "[ERROR]\tconfig file doesn't exist" << std::endl; return 2; } std::string content{ std::istreambuf_iterator(f), std::istreambuf_iterator() }; f.close(); auto js= nlohmann::json::parse(content); auto& corners = js["img"]["init"]; Eigen::Matrix3Xd points; points.resize(3,4); points.row(2).setOnes(); for(uint8_t i=0; i<4; i++) { points(0,i) = corners[i][0].get(); points(1,i) = corners[i][1].get(); } std::string img_path = img_root_path + "/0.jpeg"; cv::Mat img = cv::imread(img_path, cv::IMREAD_COLOR); cv::Mat img_out; lqh::ImagePolygon cvx(js["img"], 4); cvx.Init(img, img_out, points); for(uint32_t i=0; i * Distributed under terms of the MIT license. ****************************************************************************** */ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "json/json.hpp" #include "pointcloud_polygon.h" /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ /* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * @brief * @param * @note * @return None */ int main(int argc, char** argv) { std::string config_path, pc_path; std::string edge_prefix; if(argc >= 3) { config_path = std::string(argv[1]); pc_path = std::string(argv[2]); edge_prefix = std::string(argv[3]); } else { std::cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " config_path pointlcoud_path" << std::endl; return 1; } std::cout << "----------------------------------------"<< std::endl << "config path: " << config_path << std::endl << "pointcloud path: " << pc_path << std::endl << "----------------------------------------" << std::endl; // parse config file std::ifstream f (config_path); if ( !f.good() ) { std::cerr << "[ERROR]\tconfig file doesn't exist" << std::endl; return 2; } std::string content{ std::istreambuf_iterator(f), std::istreambuf_iterator() }; f.close(); auto js= nlohmann::json::parse(content); pcl::PointCloud pc; pcl::PointCloud pcc; if(pcl::io::loadPCDFile(pc_path, pc) == -1) { std::cerr << "[ERROR]\tfail to read pointcoud" << std::endl; return 3; } lqh::PointcloudPolygon pp(js["pc"], 4); pp.Add(pc, pcc); pp.SaveEdgePoints(edge_prefix); std::cout << "-----------------END----------------\n"; return 0; } /*****************************END OF FILE**************************************/ ================================================ FILE: README.md ================================================ # Extrinsic Calibration of the camera and LiDAR via polygon plane This project includes the extrinsic calibration library and gui tool for calibrating the extrinsic parameter(6-DoF rigid-body transformation) between the camera and LiDAR. This method needs convex polygon plane as calibration object and the camera intrinsic parameter(K, D) are needed (if images are not undistorted). *note: current implemention only support rectangular plane* ## Dependency list - [pcl](http://pointclouds.org/) - [ceres](http://ceres-solver.org/) - Eigen 3 - VTK - Qt 5 (system) ## Build we test on `Ubuntu 16.04`, if you already install ros kinect and then you only need to compile and install ceres-solver. ```sh $ mkdir build& cd build $ cmake .. # build library and QT GUI $ cmake -DBUILD_PlyCal_TEST=True .. #build test tools(only for debug usage) $ make ``` ## Test We have tested the current qt-based tool with RSLidar-16, RSlidar-32, Rslidar-mems by rectangular plane. And we provide test data and config file under `./data`directory which was collected with RSLidar-16 and usb webcam. ## Usage [中文使用说明](./doc/README.md) Before using the gui tool: 1. Calibrate camera and put intrinsic parameter `D, K` at config file or set by gui. 2. Collect synced image(png,jpg,jpeg) and pointcloud (pcd), put them into `some_place/image_orig` and `some_place/pointcloud` directory, respectively. Name the file like `0.jpg, 1.jpg, ..., n.jpg`. ![Demo](./doc/demo.gif) ## Reference For the method you can read the paper: ``` @INPROCEEDINGS{8665256, author={Q. {Liao} and Z. {Chen} and Y. {Liu} and Z. {Wang} and M. {Liu}}, booktitle={2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)}, title={Extrinsic Calibration of Lidar and Camera with Polygon}, year={2018}, volume={}, number={}, pages={200-205}, keywords={calibration;cameras;feature extraction;image fusion;image sensors;micromechanical devices;optical radar;sensor fusion;stereo image processing;heterogeneous exteroceptive sensors;heterogeneous sensory systems;multisensor information;polygon board;t6/32-beam Lidar;extrinsic calibration;MEMS-Lidar;point-cloud;laser range finder;2D feature space;3D feature space;Calibration;Cameras;Laser radar;Three-dimensional displays;Sensors;Image edge detection;Two dimensional displays}, doi={10.1109/ROBIO.2018.8665256}, ISSN={}, month={Dec},} ``` ================================================ FILE: data/config.json ================================================ { "cam": { "D": [ -0.343338393354793, 0.0806974339575093, -0.000525540233605921, 0.00260712954510535, 0.0 ], "K": [ [ 1085.87150849092, 0.0, 967.618455232044 ], [ 0.0, 1085.71794017434, 512.798695326787 ], [ 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ] ] }, "img": { "edlines": { "anchorThreshold": 10, "gradientThreshold": 80, "ksize": 3, "lineFitErrThreshold": 2, "minLineLen": 30, "scanIntervals": 1, "sigma": 1 }, "feature": { "offset": 3, "size": 8, "threshold": 0.8 }, "filter": { "line_angle_threshold": 8, "point_center_factor": 0.4, "point_line_threshold": 80 }, "init": [ [ 1200.8, 273.6 ], [ 1509.6, 420.0 ], [ 1589.6, 775.2 ], [ 888.0, 645.6 ] ], "merge": { "angle_threshold": 2, "distance_threshold": 35, "endpoint_distance_threshold": 80 } }, "pc": { "angle_resolution": 1.5, "edge": { "distance_threshold": 0.05, "point_num_min": 5 }, "filter": { "angle_size": 73.0, "angle_start": 327.0, "distance": 5.3, "floor_gap": 1.2 }, "plane": { "distance_threshold": 0.06, "point_num_min": 20 }, "ring": { "endpoint_num": 2, "point_num_min": 7 } }, "size": 4, "tf": [ [ -0.0587731866433256, -0.997313988353226, 0.0437095088827632, 0.0584119503362388 ], [ 0.0680705634344673, -0.0476870940689982, -0.996540184565063, -0.104226321432097 ], [ 0.995947845484644, -0.0555945113679224, 0.0706904475884742, 0.0 ], [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ] ], "track_error_threshold": 30 } ================================================ FILE: doc/README.md ================================================ # PlyCal > LIAO Qinghai 2019.2.25 [for English Version click here](#english-version) 本程序只实现了利用四边形板校准,暂未实现利用任意polygon的校准。 ## 准备 如example文件夹所示,使用本软件需要一个config.json文件和图像、点云对应的文件。 config.json:参考example/config.json,正常只需要修改其中相机的K、D。此文件路径无要求 dataset:dataset指example下的`image_orig`和`pointcloud`,这两个文件夹名称不可以更改且必须在同一文件夹下。`image_orig`内需要有N(N>=4)张未反畸变的图片,`pointcloud`中有N份对应的pcd点云文件,二者应该时间上已经对应同步。 ## 操作 1. 打卡config文件。在终端启动./PlyCal-qt后会直接进入config.json文件的选择。 2. 打开dataset。如下图为主界面,点击`Open Dataset`选择保护`image_orig`和`pointcloud`的文件夹。主界面会显示总的数据帧数。 ![main](./main.png) 3. 手动调整初值。打开dataset后主界面会隐藏,出现如下的调整初值的界面和一个显示点云的窗口、一个显示图像的窗口(此时点云会投影到图像、图像颜色也会投影到点云)。再下图的界面中手工条件rotation、translation且观察图像界面中的点云深度投影,OK是关掉下界面即可。 ![init](./init.png) 4. 手动条件polygon。返回主界面后,目前还不能第一次在点云和图像中都直接检测出四边形。对于图像,可以先点击`Start Selection`,然后鼠标在图片窗口中点击目标四边形的四个角点,完成后点击`Finish Selection`,正常检测结果如下图。对于点云,使用`Pointcloud Control`下的四个sliderbar来切割点云,缩小检测的范围,正常结果如下。 ![img](./img.jpg) ![pc](./pc.png) 5. 检测。第一帧手动调整结束后,可以使用`Next Pose`来一帧一帧的处理下一帧,或者使用`Quick`快速处理,当数据检测结果不好时可以回到步骤4手动调整或者`Delete` 6. 校准。点击`Calibrate`调用校准优化,结果在终端有打印,也可以点击`Save Result`。config文件此时也可以保存(会覆写之前的config)。 # English Version (Translated with AI): This program only implements calibration with quadrilateral plates, not with any polygon for the moment. ## Intend As shown in the example folder, to use this software you need a config.json file and the corresponding files for the image and point cloud. config.json: refer to example/config.json, normally you only need to change the K and D of the camera in it, there is no requirement for the path of this file. dataset: dataset refers to image_orig and pointcloud under example, the name of these two folders can not be changed and must be in the same folder. image_orig needs to have N (N>=4) undistorted images in it, and there are N corresponding pcd pointcloud files in pointcloud, the two should be synchronised in time. be synchronised in time. ## Manipulate 1. Punch the config file. In the terminal launching . /PlyCal-qt will take you directly to the config.json file selection. 2. Open dataset. as shown below for the main interface, click Open Dataset to select the folder protecting image_orig and pointcloud. The main interface will show the total number of data frames. ![main](./main.png) 3. Adjust the initial value manually. After opening dataset, the main interface will be hidden, and the following interface for adjusting the initial value will appear, together with a window for displaying the point cloud and a window for displaying the image (at this time, the point cloud will be projected to the image, and the image colour will also be projected to the point cloud). In the following interface, manually set the conditions of rotation and translation and observe the depth projection of the point cloud in the image interface, and then close the following interface. ![init](./init.png) 4. After returning to the main interface, it is not yet possible to detect the quadrilateral directly in both point cloud and image for the first time (for now?). For the image, you can click Start Selection first, then click the four corner points of the target quadrilateral in the image window, and then click Finish Selection when you are done, the normal detection result is as below. For point cloud, use the four sliderbar under Pointcloud Control to cut the point cloud and narrow the detection range, the normal results are as follows. ![img](./img.jpg) ![pc](./pc.png) 5. Detection. After the first frame is manually adjusted, you can use Next Pose to process the next frame one by one, or use Quick Quick Processing, when the data detection result is not good you can go back to step 4 to manually adjust or Delete. 6. Calibrate. Click Calibrate to call calibration optimisation, the result will be printed in the terminal, you can also click Save Result. config file can also be saved at this time (will overwrite the previous config). ================================================ FILE: thirdParty/edlines/EDLineDetector.cpp ================================================ /*IMPORTANT: READ BEFORE DOWNLOADING, COPYING, INSTALLING OR USING. By downloading, copying, installing or using the software you agree to this license. If you do not agree to this license, do not download, install, copy or use the software. License Agreement For Open Source Computer Vision Library Copyright (C) 2011-2012, Lilian Zhang, all rights reserved. Copyright (C) 2013, Manuele Tamburrano, Stefano Fabri, all rights reserved. Third party copyrights are property of their respective owners. To extract edge and lines, this library implements the EDLines Algorithm and the Edge Drawing detector: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167865511001772 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1047320312000831 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * The name of the copyright holders may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors "as is" and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the Intel Corporation or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential damages (including, but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods or services; loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption) however caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict liability, or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the possibility of such damage. */ #include "EDLineDetector.h" #include //#define DEBUG_EDLINE #ifdef DEBUG_EDLINE #include #include #include #include static std::string DEBUG_FOLDER; #endif #define Horizontal 255//if |dx|<|dy|; #define Vertical 0//if |dy|<=|dx|; #define UpDir 1 #define RightDir 2 #define DownDir 3 #define LeftDir 4 #define TryTime 6 #define SkipEdgePoint 2 using namespace std; void writeMat(cv::Mat m, string name, int n) { std::stringstream ss; string s; ss << n; ss >> s; string fileNameConf = name + s; cv::FileStorage fsConf(fileNameConf, cv::FileStorage::WRITE); fsConf << "m" << m; fsConf.release(); } /** * @brief writeImage save cv::Mat to image(special for 32CV_32F data type) * * @param img image to save * @param name image name */ void writeImage(cv::Mat img, std::string name) { if(img.depth() == CV_32F) { double minVal, maxVal, alpha, beta; cv::minMaxLoc(img, &minVal, &maxVal); if(minVal >= maxVal) { return; } alpha = UINT16_MAX/(maxVal-minVal); beta = -minVal*alpha; cv::Mat img8; img.convertTo(img8, CV_16UC1, alpha, beta); cv::imwrite(name, img8); } else { cv::imwrite(name, img); } } EDLineDetector::EDLineDetector() { // cout<<"Call EDLineDetector constructor function"<(2, 2); ATV = cv::Mat_(1, 2); tempMatLineFit = cv::Mat_(2, 2); tempVecLineFit = cv::Mat_(1, 2); fitMatT = cv::Mat_(2, minLineLen_); fitVec = cv::Mat_(1, minLineLen_); for (int i = 0; i < minLineLen_; i++) { fitMatT[1][i] = 1; } dxImg_.create( 1, 1, CV_32FC1 ); dyImg_.create( 1, 1, CV_32FC1 ); gImgWO_.create( 1, 1, CV_32FC1 ); pFirstPartEdgeX_ = NULL; pFirstPartEdgeY_ = NULL; pFirstPartEdgeS_ = NULL; pSecondPartEdgeX_ = NULL; pSecondPartEdgeY_ = NULL; pSecondPartEdgeS_ = NULL; pAnchorX_ = NULL; pAnchorY_ = NULL; } EDLineDetector::~EDLineDetector() { if (pFirstPartEdgeX_ != NULL) { delete [] pFirstPartEdgeX_; delete [] pFirstPartEdgeY_; delete [] pSecondPartEdgeX_; delete [] pSecondPartEdgeY_; delete [] pAnchorX_; delete [] pAnchorY_; } if (pFirstPartEdgeS_ != NULL) { delete [] pFirstPartEdgeS_; delete [] pSecondPartEdgeS_; } } int EDLineDetector::EdgeDrawing(cv::Mat const &image, EdgeChains &edgeChains, bool smoothed ) { imageWidth = image.cols; imageHeight = image.rows; unsigned int pixelNum = imageWidth * imageHeight; cv::Mat cImage = image.clone(); if (!smoothed) //input image hasn't been smoothed. { cv::GaussianBlur(image, cImage, cv::Size(ksize_, ksize_), sigma_); } //Is this useful? Doesn't seem to have references //else{ // unsigned char *pImage = image.GetImageData(); // memcpy(cvImage->data.ptr, pImage, pixelNum*sizeof(unsigned char)); // } unsigned int edgePixelArraySize = pixelNum / 5; unsigned int maxNumOfEdge = edgePixelArraySize / 20; //compute dx, dy images // if (gImg_.cols != imageWidth || gImg_.rows != imageHeight) { if (pFirstPartEdgeX_ != NULL) { delete [] pFirstPartEdgeX_; delete [] pFirstPartEdgeY_; delete [] pSecondPartEdgeX_; delete [] pSecondPartEdgeY_; delete [] pFirstPartEdgeS_; delete [] pSecondPartEdgeS_; delete [] pAnchorX_; delete [] pAnchorY_; } dxImg_.create(imageHeight, imageWidth, CV_32FC1); dyImg_.create(imageHeight, imageWidth, CV_32FC1 ); gImgWO_.create(imageHeight, imageWidth, CV_32FC1 ); gImg_.create(imageHeight, imageWidth, CV_32FC1 ); dirImg_.create(imageHeight, imageWidth, CV_8UC1 ); edgeImage_.create(imageHeight, imageWidth, CV_8UC1 ); pFirstPartEdgeX_ = new unsigned int[edgePixelArraySize]; pFirstPartEdgeY_ = new unsigned int[edgePixelArraySize]; pSecondPartEdgeX_ = new unsigned int[edgePixelArraySize]; pSecondPartEdgeY_ = new unsigned int[edgePixelArraySize]; pFirstPartEdgeS_ = new unsigned int[maxNumOfEdge]; pSecondPartEdgeS_ = new unsigned int[maxNumOfEdge]; pAnchorX_ = new unsigned int[edgePixelArraySize]; pAnchorY_ = new unsigned int[edgePixelArraySize]; } cv::Sobel( cImage, dxImg_, CV_32FC1, 1, 0, 3); cv::Sobel( cImage, dyImg_, CV_32FC1, 0, 1, 3); //compute gradient and direction images cv::Mat sumDxDy; double t = (double)cv::getTickCount(); cv::Mat dxABS_m = cv::abs(dxImg_); cv::Mat dyABS_m = cv::abs(dyImg_); cv::add(dyABS_m, dxABS_m, sumDxDy); cv::threshold(sumDxDy, gImg_, gradienThreshold_ + 1, 0, cv::THRESH_TOZERO); gImg_ = gImg_ / 4; gImgWO_ = sumDxDy / 4; cv::compare(dxABS_m, dyABS_m, dirImg_, cv::CMP_LT); // cv::imwrite("sumDxDy.png", sumDxDy); #ifdef DEBUG_EDLINE DEBUG_FOLDER = std::string("./") + std::to_string(std::time(0)); int status = mkdir(DEBUG_FOLDER.c_str(), 0777); if(!status) { // cv::imshow("dxImg_", dxImg_); // cv::imshow("dyImg_", dyImg_); // cv::waitKey(); writeImage(dxImg_, DEBUG_FOLDER+"/dxImg.png"); writeImage(dyImg_, DEBUG_FOLDER+"/dyImg.png"); writeImage(gImg_, DEBUG_FOLDER+"/gImg.png"); writeImage(dirImg_, DEBUG_FOLDER+"/dirImg.png"); } else { DEBUG_FOLDER.clear(); std::cerr << "Fail to create folder: " << DEBUG_FOLDER << std::endl << "Error No: " << errno << std::endl << strerror(errno) << std::endl; } #endif t = ((double)cv::getTickCount() - t) / cv::getTickFrequency(); //std::cout << "FOR ABS: " << t << "s" << std::endl; //short *pdxImg = dxImg_.ptr(); //short *pdyImg = dyImg_.ptr(); float *pgImg = gImg_.ptr(); float gValue1, gValue2, gValue3; unsigned char *pdirImg = dirImg_.ptr(); //extract the anchors in the gradient image, store into a vector memset(pAnchorX_, 0, edgePixelArraySize * sizeof(unsigned int)); //initialization memset(pAnchorY_, 0, edgePixelArraySize * sizeof(unsigned int)); unsigned int anchorsSize = 0; unsigned int indexInArray; for (unsigned int w = 1; w < imageWidth - 1; w = w + scanIntervals_) { for (unsigned int h = 1; h < imageHeight - 1; h = h + scanIntervals_) { indexInArray = h * imageWidth + w; //gValue1 = pdirImg[indexInArray]; if (pdirImg[indexInArray] == Horizontal) //if the direction of pixel is horizontal, then compare with up and down { //gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray]; if (pgImg[indexInArray] >= pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth] + anchorThreshold_ && pgImg[indexInArray] >= pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth] + anchorThreshold_) // (w,h) is accepted as an anchor { pAnchorX_[anchorsSize] = w; pAnchorY_[anchorsSize++] = h; } } else // if(pdirImg[indexInArray]==Vertical){//it is vertical edge, should be compared with left and right { //gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray]; if (pgImg[indexInArray] >= pgImg[indexInArray - 1] + anchorThreshold_ && pgImg[indexInArray] >= pgImg[indexInArray + 1] + anchorThreshold_) // (w,h) is accepted as an anchor { pAnchorX_[anchorsSize] = w; pAnchorY_[anchorsSize++] = h; } } } } if (anchorsSize > edgePixelArraySize) { cout << "anchor size is larger than its maximal size. anchorsSize=" << anchorsSize << ", maximal size = " << edgePixelArraySize << endl; return -1; } #ifdef DEBUG_EDLINE cout << "Anchor point detection, anchors.size=" << anchorsSize << endl; #endif //link the anchors by smart routing edgeImage_.setTo(0); unsigned char *pEdgeImg = edgeImage_.data; memset(pFirstPartEdgeX_, 0, edgePixelArraySize * sizeof(unsigned int)); //initialization memset(pFirstPartEdgeY_, 0, edgePixelArraySize * sizeof(unsigned int)); memset(pSecondPartEdgeX_, 0, edgePixelArraySize * sizeof(unsigned int)); memset(pSecondPartEdgeY_, 0, edgePixelArraySize * sizeof(unsigned int)); memset(pFirstPartEdgeS_, 0, maxNumOfEdge * sizeof(unsigned int)); memset(pSecondPartEdgeS_, 0, maxNumOfEdge * sizeof(unsigned int)); unsigned int offsetPFirst = 0, offsetPSecond = 0; unsigned int offsetPS = 0; unsigned int x, y; unsigned int lastX, lastY; unsigned char lastDirection;//up = 1, right = 2, down = 3, left = 4; unsigned char shouldGoDirection;//up = 1, right = 2, down = 3, left = 4; int edgeLenFirst, edgeLenSecond; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < anchorsSize; i++) { x = pAnchorX_[i]; y = pAnchorY_[i]; indexInArray = y * imageWidth + x; if (pEdgeImg[indexInArray]) //if anchor i is already been an edge pixel. { continue; } /*The walk stops under 3 conditions: * 1. We move out of the edge areas, i.e., the thresholded gradient value * of the current pixel is 0. * 2. The current direction of the edge changes, i.e., from horizontal * to vertical or vice versa.?? (This is turned out not correct. From the online edge draw demo * we can figure out that authors don't implement this rule either because their extracted edge * chain could be a circle which means pixel directions would definitely be different * in somewhere on the chain.) * 3. We encounter a previously detected edge pixel. */ pFirstPartEdgeS_[offsetPS] = offsetPFirst; if (pdirImg[indexInArray] == Horizontal) //if the direction of this pixel is horizontal, then go left and right. { //fist go right, pixel direction may be different during linking. lastDirection = RightDir; while (pgImg[indexInArray] > 0 && !pEdgeImg[indexInArray]) { pEdgeImg[indexInArray] = 1; // Mark this pixel as an edge pixel pFirstPartEdgeX_[offsetPFirst] = x; pFirstPartEdgeY_[offsetPFirst++] = y; shouldGoDirection = 0;//unknown if (pdirImg[indexInArray] == Horizontal) //should go left or right { if (lastDirection == UpDir || lastDirection == DownDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (x > lastX) //should go right { shouldGoDirection = RightDir; } else //should go left { shouldGoDirection = LeftDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == RightDir || shouldGoDirection == RightDir) //go right { if (x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the right and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-right { x = x + 1; } lastDirection = RightDir; } else if (lastDirection == LeftDir || shouldGoDirection == LeftDir) //go left { if (x == 0 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the left and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-left { x = x - 1; } lastDirection = LeftDir; } } else //should go up or down. { if (lastDirection == RightDir || lastDirection == LeftDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (y > lastY) //should go down { shouldGoDirection = DownDir; } else //should go up { shouldGoDirection = UpDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == DownDir || shouldGoDirection == DownDir) //go down { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the down and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-down { y = y + 1; } lastDirection = DownDir; } else if (lastDirection == UpDir || shouldGoDirection == UpDir) //go up { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the up and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else //straight-up { y = y - 1; } lastDirection = UpDir; } } indexInArray = y * imageWidth + x; }//end while go right //then go left, pixel direction may be different during linking. x = pAnchorX_[i]; y = pAnchorY_[i]; indexInArray = y * imageWidth + x; pEdgeImg[indexInArray] = 0;//mark the anchor point be a non-edge pixel and lastDirection = LeftDir; pSecondPartEdgeS_[offsetPS] = offsetPSecond; while (pgImg[indexInArray] > 0 && !pEdgeImg[indexInArray]) { pEdgeImg[indexInArray] = 1; // Mark this pixel as an edge pixel pSecondPartEdgeX_[offsetPSecond] = x; pSecondPartEdgeY_[offsetPSecond++] = y; shouldGoDirection = 0;//unknown if (pdirImg[indexInArray] == Horizontal) //should go left or right { if (lastDirection == UpDir || lastDirection == DownDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (x > lastX) //should go right { shouldGoDirection = RightDir; } else //should go left { shouldGoDirection = LeftDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == RightDir || shouldGoDirection == RightDir) //go right { if (x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the right and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-right { x = x + 1; } lastDirection = RightDir; } else if (lastDirection == LeftDir || shouldGoDirection == LeftDir) //go left { if (x == 0 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the left and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-left { x = x - 1; } lastDirection = LeftDir; } } else //should go up or down. { if (lastDirection == RightDir || lastDirection == LeftDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (y > lastY) //should go down { shouldGoDirection = DownDir; } else //should go up { shouldGoDirection = UpDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == DownDir || shouldGoDirection == DownDir) //go down { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the down and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-down { y = y + 1; } lastDirection = DownDir; } else if (lastDirection == UpDir || shouldGoDirection == UpDir) //go up { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the up and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else //straight-up { y = y - 1; } lastDirection = UpDir; } } indexInArray = y * imageWidth + x; }//end while go left //end anchor is Horizontal } else //the direction of this pixel is vertical, go up and down { //fist go down, pixel direction may be different during linking. lastDirection = DownDir; while (pgImg[indexInArray] > 0 && !pEdgeImg[indexInArray]) { pEdgeImg[indexInArray] = 1; // Mark this pixel as an edge pixel pFirstPartEdgeX_[offsetPFirst] = x; pFirstPartEdgeY_[offsetPFirst++] = y; shouldGoDirection = 0;//unknown if (pdirImg[indexInArray] == Horizontal) //should go left or right { if (lastDirection == UpDir || lastDirection == DownDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (x > lastX) //should go right { shouldGoDirection = RightDir; } else //should go left { shouldGoDirection = LeftDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == RightDir || shouldGoDirection == RightDir) //go right { if (x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the right and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-right { x = x + 1; } lastDirection = RightDir; } else if (lastDirection == LeftDir || shouldGoDirection == LeftDir) //go left { if (x == 0 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the left and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-left { x = x - 1; } lastDirection = LeftDir; } } else //should go up or down. { if (lastDirection == RightDir || lastDirection == LeftDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (y > lastY) //should go down { shouldGoDirection = DownDir; } else //should go up { shouldGoDirection = UpDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == DownDir || shouldGoDirection == DownDir) //go down { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the down and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-down { y = y + 1; } lastDirection = DownDir; } else if (lastDirection == UpDir || shouldGoDirection == UpDir) //go up { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the up and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else //straight-up { y = y - 1; } lastDirection = UpDir; } } indexInArray = y * imageWidth + x; }//end while go down //then go up, pixel direction may be different during linking. lastDirection = UpDir; x = pAnchorX_[i]; y = pAnchorY_[i]; indexInArray = y * imageWidth + x; pEdgeImg[indexInArray] = 0;//mark the anchor point be a non-edge pixel and pSecondPartEdgeS_[offsetPS] = offsetPSecond; while (pgImg[indexInArray] > 0 && !pEdgeImg[indexInArray]) { pEdgeImg[indexInArray] = 1; // Mark this pixel as an edge pixel pSecondPartEdgeX_[offsetPSecond] = x; pSecondPartEdgeY_[offsetPSecond++] = y; shouldGoDirection = 0;//unknown if (pdirImg[indexInArray] == Horizontal) //should go left or right { if (lastDirection == UpDir || lastDirection == DownDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (x > lastX) //should go right { shouldGoDirection = RightDir; } else //should go left { shouldGoDirection = LeftDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == RightDir || shouldGoDirection == RightDir) //go right { if (x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the right and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-right { x = x + 1; } lastDirection = RightDir; } else if (lastDirection == LeftDir || shouldGoDirection == LeftDir) //go left { if (x == 0 || y == 0 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the left and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - 1]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-left { x = x - 1; } lastDirection = LeftDir; } } else //should go up or down. { if (lastDirection == RightDir || lastDirection == LeftDir) //change the pixel direction now { if (y > lastY) //should go down { shouldGoDirection = DownDir; } else //should go up { shouldGoDirection = UpDir; } } lastX = x; lastY = y; if (lastDirection == DownDir || shouldGoDirection == DownDir) //go down { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == imageHeight - 1) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the down and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray + imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //down-right { x = x + 1; y = y + 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //down-left { x = x - 1; y = y + 1; } else //straight-down { y = y + 1; } lastDirection = DownDir; } else if (lastDirection == UpDir || shouldGoDirection == UpDir) //go up { if (x == 0 || x == imageWidth - 1 || y == 0) //reach the image border { break; } // Look at 3 neighbors to the up and pick the one with the max. gradient value gValue1 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth + 1]; gValue2 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth]; gValue3 = pgImg[indexInArray - imageWidth - 1]; if (gValue1 >= gValue2 && gValue1 >= gValue3) //up-right { x = x + 1; y = y - 1; } else if (gValue3 >= gValue2 && gValue3 >= gValue1) //up-left { x = x - 1; y = y - 1; } else //straight-up { y = y - 1; } lastDirection = UpDir; } } indexInArray = y * imageWidth + x; }//end while go up }//end anchor is Vertical //only keep the edge chains whose length is larger than the minLineLen_; edgeLenFirst = offsetPFirst - pFirstPartEdgeS_[offsetPS]; edgeLenSecond = offsetPSecond - pSecondPartEdgeS_[offsetPS]; if (edgeLenFirst + edgeLenSecond < minLineLen_ + 1) //short edge, drop it { offsetPFirst = pFirstPartEdgeS_[offsetPS]; offsetPSecond = pSecondPartEdgeS_[offsetPS]; } else { offsetPS++; } } //store the last index pFirstPartEdgeS_[offsetPS] = offsetPFirst; pSecondPartEdgeS_[offsetPS] = offsetPSecond; if (offsetPS > maxNumOfEdge) { cout << "Edge drawing Error: The total number of edges is larger than MaxNumOfEdge, " "numofedge = " << offsetPS << ", MaxNumOfEdge=" << maxNumOfEdge << endl; return -1; } if (offsetPFirst > edgePixelArraySize || offsetPSecond > edgePixelArraySize) { cout << "Edge drawing Error: The total number of edge pixels is larger than MaxNumOfEdgePixels, " "numofedgePixel1 = " << offsetPFirst << ", numofedgePixel2 = " << offsetPSecond << ", MaxNumOfEdgePixel=" << edgePixelArraySize << endl; return -1; } /*now all the edge information are stored in pFirstPartEdgeX_, pFirstPartEdgeY_, *pFirstPartEdgeS_, pSecondPartEdgeX_, pSecondPartEdgeY_, pSecondPartEdgeS_; *we should reorganize them into edgeChains for easily using. */ //unsigned int tempID; long int tempID; edgeChains.xCors.resize(offsetPFirst + offsetPSecond); edgeChains.yCors.resize(offsetPFirst + offsetPSecond); edgeChains.sId.resize(offsetPS + 1); unsigned int *pxCors = edgeChains.xCors.data(); unsigned int *pyCors = edgeChains.yCors.data(); unsigned int *psId = edgeChains.sId.data(); offsetPFirst = 0; offsetPSecond = 0; unsigned int indexInCors = 0; unsigned int numOfEdges = 0; for (unsigned int edgeId = 0; edgeId < offsetPS; edgeId++) { //step1, put the first and second parts edge coordinates together from edge start to edge end psId[numOfEdges++] = indexInCors; indexInArray = pFirstPartEdgeS_[edgeId]; offsetPFirst = pFirstPartEdgeS_[edgeId + 1]; for (tempID = offsetPFirst - 1; tempID >= indexInArray; tempID--) //add first part edge { pxCors[indexInCors] = pFirstPartEdgeX_[tempID]; pyCors[indexInCors++] = pFirstPartEdgeY_[tempID]; } indexInArray = pSecondPartEdgeS_[edgeId]; offsetPSecond = pSecondPartEdgeS_[edgeId + 1]; for (tempID = indexInArray + 1; tempID < offsetPSecond; tempID++) //add second part edge { pxCors[indexInCors] = pSecondPartEdgeX_[tempID]; pyCors[indexInCors++] = pSecondPartEdgeY_[tempID]; } } psId[numOfEdges] = indexInCors;//the end index of the last edge edgeChains.numOfEdges = numOfEdges; #ifdef DEBUG_EDLINE if(!DEBUG_FOLDER.empty()) { std::string edge_folder = DEBUG_FOLDER+"/edge/"; int status = mkdir(edge_folder.c_str(), 0777); if(!status) { /*Show the extracted edge cvImage in color. Each chain is in different color.*/ cout << "Edge Drawing, numofedge = " << numOfEdges << endl; cv::Mat tmp, singleImg; cv::cvtColor(dirImg_, tmp, CV_GRAY2BGR); cv::cvtColor(dirImg_, singleImg, CV_GRAY2BGR); cv::Vec3b rColor; int lowest = 100, highest = 255; int range = (highest - lowest) + 1; srand((unsigned)time(0)); for (unsigned int i = 0; i < edgeChains.numOfEdges; i++) { cv::Mat foo = singleImg.clone(); std::ofstream f(edge_folder+std::to_string(i)+".txt"); rColor.val[0] = lowest + int(rand() % range); rColor.val[1] = lowest + int(rand() % range); rColor.val[2] = lowest + int(rand() % range); for (indexInCors = psId[i]; indexInCors < psId[i + 1]; indexInCors++) { tmp.at(pyCors[indexInCors], pxCors[indexInCors]) = rColor; foo.at(pyCors[indexInCors], pxCors[indexInCors]) = cv::Vec3b{0x00,0x00,0xff}; f << pyCors[indexInCors] << " , " << pxCors[indexInCors] << std::endl; } cv::imwrite(edge_folder+std::to_string(i)+".png",foo); f.close(); } cv::imwrite(DEBUG_FOLDER+"/edges.png", tmp); } else { std::cerr << "Fail to create edge folder: " << edge_folder << std::endl << "Error No: " << errno << std::endl << strerror(errno) << std::endl; } } #endif return 1; } int EDLineDetector::EDline(cv::Mat const &image, LineChains &lines, bool smoothed) { //first, call EdgeDrawing function to extract edges EdgeChains edges; if ( EdgeDrawing(image, edges, smoothed) < 0 ) { cout << "Line Detection not finished" << endl; return -1; } // bValidate_ =false; //detect lines unsigned int linePixelID = edges.sId[edges.numOfEdges]; lines.xCors.resize(linePixelID); lines.yCors.resize(linePixelID); lines.sId.resize(5 * edges.numOfEdges); unsigned int *pEdgeXCors = edges.xCors.data(); unsigned int *pEdgeYCors = edges.yCors.data(); unsigned int *pEdgeSID = edges.sId.data(); unsigned int *pLineXCors = lines.xCors.data(); unsigned int *pLineYCors = lines.yCors.data(); unsigned int *pLineSID = lines.sId.data(); unsigned char *pdirImg = dirImg_.data; unsigned int numOfLines = 0; unsigned int offsetInEdgeArrayS, offsetInEdgeArrayE, newOffsetS;//start index and end index unsigned int offsetInLineArray = 0; float direction;//line direction double lineFitErr;//the line fit error; std::array lineEquation; logNT_ = 2.0 * ( log10( (double) imageWidth ) + log10( (double) imageHeight ) ); lineEquations_.clear(); lineEndpoints_.clear(); lineDirection_.clear(); for (unsigned int edgeID = 0; edgeID < edges.numOfEdges; edgeID++) { offsetInEdgeArrayS = pEdgeSID[edgeID]; offsetInEdgeArrayE = pEdgeSID[edgeID + 1]; //extract line segments from an edge, may find more than one segments while (offsetInEdgeArrayE > offsetInEdgeArrayS + minLineLen_) { //find an initial line segment while (offsetInEdgeArrayE > offsetInEdgeArrayS + minLineLen_) { lineFitErr = LeastSquaresLineFit_(pEdgeXCors, pEdgeYCors, offsetInEdgeArrayS, lineEquation); if ( lineFitErr <= lineFitErrThreshold_ ) { break; //ok, an initial line segment detected } //skip the first two pixel in the chain and try with the remaining pixels offsetInEdgeArrayS += SkipEdgePoint; } // exit if no initial line is detected if (lineFitErr > lineFitErrThreshold_) { break; } // An initial line segment is detected. Try to extend this line segment pLineSID[numOfLines] = offsetInLineArray; // for a line ax+by+c=0, coef1 = 1/sqrt(a^2+b^2); double coef1; // for a line ax+by+c=0 and a point(xi, yi), // pointToLineDis = coef1*|a*xi+b*yi+c| double pointToLineDis; bool bExtended = true; bool bFirstTry = true; //to against noise, we accept a few outlier of a line. int numOfOutlier; int tryTimes = 0; //y=ax+b, i.e. ax-y+b=0 if ( pdirImg[pEdgeYCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS]*imageWidth + pEdgeXCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS]] == Horizontal ) { while (bExtended) { tryTimes++; if (bFirstTry) { bFirstTry = false; //First add the initial line segment to the line array for (int i = 0; i < minLineLen_; i++) { pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray] = pEdgeXCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS]; pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray++] = pEdgeYCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS++]; } } else //after each try, line is extended, line equation should be re-estimated { //adjust the line equation lineFitErr = LeastSquaresLineFit_(pLineXCors, pLineYCors, pLineSID[numOfLines], newOffsetS, offsetInLineArray, lineEquation); } coef1 = 1 / sqrt( lineEquation[0]*lineEquation[0] + 1); numOfOutlier = 0; newOffsetS = offsetInLineArray; while (offsetInEdgeArrayE > offsetInEdgeArrayS) { pointToLineDis = fabs(lineEquation[0] * pEdgeXCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS] - pEdgeYCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS] + lineEquation[1]) * coef1; pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray] = pEdgeXCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS]; pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray++] = pEdgeYCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS++]; if (pointToLineDis > lineFitErrThreshold_) { numOfOutlier++; if (numOfOutlier > 3) break; } else //we count number of connective outliers. { numOfOutlier = 0; } } //pop back the last few outliers from lines and return them to edge chain offsetInLineArray -= numOfOutlier; offsetInEdgeArrayS -= numOfOutlier; //some new pixels are added to the line // if (offsetInLineArray - newOffsetS > 0 && tryTimes < TryTime) // { // } // else if (offsetInLineArray <= newOffsetS || tryTimes >= TryTime) { bExtended = false;//no new pixels are added. } } //the line equation coefficients,for line w1x+w2y+w3 =0, we normalize it to make w1^2+w2^2 = 1. std::array lineEqu {{lineEquation[0]*coef1, -1 * coef1, lineEquation[1]*coef1}}; //check the line if ( LineValidation_(pLineXCors, pLineYCors, pLineSID[numOfLines], offsetInLineArray, lineEqu, direction) ) { //store the line equation coefficients lineEquations_.push_back(lineEqu); /*At last, compute the line endpoints and store them. *we project the first and last pixels in the pixelChain onto the best fit line *to get the line endpoints. *xp= (w2^2*x0-w1*w2*y0-w3*w1)/(w1^2+w2^2) *yp= (w1^2*y0-w1*w2*x0-w3*w2)/(w1^2+w2^2) */ std::array lineEndP;//line endpoints double a1 = lineEqu[1] * lineEqu[1]; double a2 = lineEqu[0] * lineEqu[0]; double a3 = lineEqu[0] * lineEqu[1]; double a4 = lineEqu[2] * lineEqu[0]; double a5 = lineEqu[2] * lineEqu[1]; unsigned int Px = pLineXCors[pLineSID[numOfLines] ];//first pixel unsigned int Py = pLineYCors[pLineSID[numOfLines] ]; lineEndP[0] = a1 * Px - a3 * Py - a4; //x lineEndP[1] = a2 * Py - a3 * Px - a5; //y Px = pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray - 1 ]; //last pixel Py = pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray - 1 ]; lineEndP[2] = a1 * Px - a3 * Py - a4; //x lineEndP[3] = a2 * Py - a3 * Px - a5; //y lineEndpoints_.push_back(lineEndP); lineDirection_.push_back(direction); numOfLines++; } else { offsetInLineArray = pLineSID[numOfLines];// line was not accepted, the offset is set back } } else //x=ay+b, i.e. x-ay-b=0 { while (bExtended) { tryTimes++; if (bFirstTry) { bFirstTry = false; for (int i = 0; i < minLineLen_; i++) //First add the initial line segment to the line array { pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray] = pEdgeXCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS]; pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray++] = pEdgeYCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS++]; } } else //after each try, line is extended, line equation should be re-estimated { //adjust the line equation lineFitErr = LeastSquaresLineFit_(pLineXCors, pLineYCors, pLineSID[numOfLines], newOffsetS, offsetInLineArray, lineEquation); } coef1 = 1 / sqrt(1 + lineEquation[0] * lineEquation[0]); numOfOutlier = 0; newOffsetS = offsetInLineArray; while (offsetInEdgeArrayE > offsetInEdgeArrayS) { pointToLineDis = fabs(pEdgeXCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS] - lineEquation[0] * pEdgeYCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS] - lineEquation[1]) * coef1; pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray] = pEdgeXCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS]; pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray++] = pEdgeYCors[offsetInEdgeArrayS++]; if (pointToLineDis > lineFitErrThreshold_) { numOfOutlier++; if (numOfOutlier > 3) break; } else //we count number of connective outliers. { numOfOutlier = 0; } } //pop back the last few outliers from lines and return them to edge chain offsetInLineArray -= numOfOutlier; offsetInEdgeArrayS -= numOfOutlier; if (offsetInLineArray - newOffsetS > 0 && tryTimes < TryTime) //some new pixels are added to the line { } else { bExtended = false;//no new pixels are added. } } //the line equation coefficients,for line w1x+w2y+w3 =0, we normalize it to make w1^2+w2^2 = 1. std::array lineEqu {1 * coef1, -lineEquation[0]*coef1, -lineEquation[1]*coef1}; if (LineValidation_(pLineXCors, pLineYCors, pLineSID[numOfLines], offsetInLineArray, lineEqu, direction)) //check the line { //store the line equation coefficients lineEquations_.push_back(lineEqu); /*At last, compute the line endpoints and store them. *we project the first and last pixels in the pixelChain onto the best fit line *to get the line endpoints. *xp= (w2^2*x0-w1*w2*y0-w3*w1)/(w1^2+w2^2) *yp= (w1^2*y0-w1*w2*x0-w3*w2)/(w1^2+w2^2) */ std::array lineEndP;//line endpoints double a1 = lineEqu[1] * lineEqu[1]; double a2 = lineEqu[0] * lineEqu[0]; double a3 = lineEqu[0] * lineEqu[1]; double a4 = lineEqu[2] * lineEqu[0]; double a5 = lineEqu[2] * lineEqu[1]; unsigned int Px = pLineXCors[pLineSID[numOfLines] ];//first pixel unsigned int Py = pLineYCors[pLineSID[numOfLines] ]; lineEndP[0] = a1 * Px - a3 * Py - a4; //x lineEndP[1] = a2 * Py - a3 * Px - a5; //y Px = pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray - 1 ]; //last pixel Py = pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray - 1 ]; lineEndP[2] = a1 * Px - a3 * Py - a4; //x lineEndP[3] = a2 * Py - a3 * Px - a5; //y lineEndpoints_.push_back(lineEndP); lineDirection_.push_back(direction); numOfLines++; } else { offsetInLineArray = pLineSID[numOfLines];// line was not accepted, the offset is set back } } //Extract line segments from the remaining pixel; Current chain has been shortened already. } }//end for(unsigned int edgeID=0; edgeID(pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray], pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray]) = rColor; foo.at(pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray], pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray]) = cv::Vec3b{0x00,0x00,0xff}; f << pLineYCors[offsetInLineArray] << " , " << pLineXCors[offsetInLineArray] << std::endl; } cv::imwrite(line_folder+std::to_string(i)+".png",foo); f.close(); } cv::imwrite(DEBUG_FOLDER+"/lines.png", img_all); } else { std::cerr << "Fail to create line folder: " << line_folder << std::endl << "Error No: " << errno << std::endl << strerror(errno) << std::endl; } } #endif return 1; } int EDLineDetector::EDline(cv::Mat const &image, bool smoothed) { if ( EDline(image, lines_, smoothed) < 0 ) { return -1; } lineSalience_.clear(); lineSalience_.resize(lines_.numOfLines); unsigned char *pgImg = gImgWO_.ptr(); unsigned int indexInLineArray; unsigned int *pXCor = lines_.xCors.data(); unsigned int *pYCor = lines_.yCors.data(); unsigned int *pSID = lines_.sId.data(); for (unsigned int i = 0; i < lineSalience_.size(); i++) { int salience = 0; for (indexInLineArray = pSID[i]; indexInLineArray < pSID[i + 1]; indexInLineArray++) { salience += pgImg[pYCor[indexInLineArray] * imageWidth + pXCor[indexInLineArray] ]; } lineSalience_[i] = (float) salience; } return 1; } double EDLineDetector::LeastSquaresLineFit_( unsigned int *xCors, unsigned int *yCors, unsigned int offsetS, std::array &lineEquation) { if (lineEquation.size() != 2) { std::cout << "SHOULD NOT BE != 2" << std::endl; CV_Assert(false); } float * pMatT; float * pATA; double fitError = 0; double coef; unsigned char *pdirImg = dirImg_.data; unsigned int offset = offsetS; /*If the first pixel in this chain is horizontal, *then we try to find a horizontal line, y=ax+b;*/ if ( pdirImg[ yCors[offsetS]*imageWidth + xCors[offsetS] ] == Horizontal ) { /*Build the system,and solve it using least square regression: mat * [a,b]^T = vec * [x0,1] [y0] * [x1,1] [a] [y1] * . [b] = . * [xn,1] [yn]*/ pMatT = fitMatT.ptr(); //fitMatT = [x0, x1, ... xn; 1,1,...,1]; for (int i = 0; i < minLineLen_; i++) { //*(pMatT+minLineLen_) = 1; //the value are not changed; *(pMatT++) = xCors[offsetS]; fitVec[0][i] = yCors[offsetS++]; } ATA = fitMatT * fitMatT.t(); ATV = fitMatT * fitVec.t(); /* [a,b]^T = Inv(mat^T * mat) * mat^T * vec */ pATA = ATA.ptr(); coef = 1.0 / (double(pATA[0]) * double(pATA[3]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(pATA[2])); // lineEquation = svd.Invert(ATA) * matT * vec; lineEquation[0] = coef * ( double(pATA[3]) * double(ATV[0][0]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(ATV[0][1])); lineEquation[1] = coef * ( double(pATA[0]) * double(ATV[0][1]) - double(pATA[2]) * double(ATV[0][0])); /*compute line fit error */ for (int i = 0; i < minLineLen_; i++) { coef = double(yCors[offset]) - double(xCors[offset++]) * lineEquation[0] - lineEquation[1]; fitError += coef * coef; } return sqrt(fitError); } /*If the first pixel in this chain is vertical, *then we try to find a vertical line, x=ay+b;*/ // if (pdirImg[yCors[offsetS]*imageWidth + xCors[offsetS]] == Vertical) else { /*Build the system,and solve it using least square regression: mat * [a,b]^T = vec * [y0,1] [x0] * [y1,1] [a] [x1] * . [b] = . * [yn,1] [xn]*/ pMatT = fitMatT.ptr();//fitMatT = [y0, y1, ... yn; 1,1,...,1]; for (int i = 0; i < minLineLen_; i++) { //*(pMatT+minLineLen_) = 1;//the value are not changed; *(pMatT++) = yCors[offsetS]; fitVec[0][i] = xCors[offsetS++]; } ATA = fitMatT * (fitMatT.t()); ATV = fitMatT * fitVec.t(); /* [a,b]^T = Inv(mat^T * mat) * mat^T * vec */ pATA = ATA.ptr(); coef = 1.0 / (double(pATA[0]) * double(pATA[3]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(pATA[2])); // lineEquation = svd.Invert(ATA) * matT * vec; lineEquation[0] = coef * ( double(pATA[3]) * double(ATV[0][0]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(ATV[0][1])); lineEquation[1] = coef * ( double(pATA[0]) * double(ATV[0][1]) - double(pATA[2]) * double(ATV[0][0])); /*compute line fit error */ for (int i = 0; i < minLineLen_; i++) { coef = double(xCors[offset]) - double(yCors[offset++]) * lineEquation[0] - lineEquation[1]; fitError += coef * coef; } return sqrt(fitError); } return 0; } double EDLineDetector::LeastSquaresLineFit_( unsigned int *xCors, unsigned int *yCors, unsigned int offsetS, unsigned int newOffsetS, unsigned int offsetE, std::array &lineEquation) { int length = offsetE - offsetS; int newLength = offsetE - newOffsetS; if (length <= 0 || newLength <= 0) { cout << "EDLineDetector::LeastSquaresLineFit_ Error:" " the expected line index is wrong...offsetE = " << offsetE << ", offsetS=" << offsetS << ", newOffsetS=" << newOffsetS << endl; return -1; } if (lineEquation.size() != 2) { std::cout << "SHOULD NOT BE != 2" << std::endl; CV_Assert(false); } cv::Mat_ matT(2, newLength); cv::Mat_ vec(newLength, 1); float * pMatT; float * pATA; // double fitError = 0; double coef; unsigned char *pdirImg = dirImg_.data; /*If the first pixel in this chain is horizontal, *then we try to find a horizontal line, y=ax+b;*/ if (pdirImg[yCors[offsetS]*imageWidth + xCors[offsetS] ] == Horizontal) { /*Build the new system,and solve it using least square regression: mat * [a,b]^T = vec * [x0',1] [y0'] * [x1',1] [a] [y1'] * . [b] = . * [xn',1] [yn']*/ pMatT = matT.ptr();//matT = [x0', x1', ... xn'; 1,1,...,1] for (int i = 0; i < newLength; i++) { *(pMatT + newLength) = 1; *(pMatT++) = xCors[newOffsetS]; vec[0][i] = yCors[newOffsetS++]; } /* [a,b]^T = Inv(ATA + mat^T * mat) * (ATV + mat^T * vec) */ tempMatLineFit = matT * matT.t(); tempVecLineFit = matT * vec; ATA = ATA + tempMatLineFit; ATV = ATV + tempVecLineFit; pATA = ATA.ptr(); coef = 1.0 / (double(pATA[0]) * double(pATA[3]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(pATA[2])); lineEquation[0] = coef * ( double(pATA[3]) * double(ATV[0][0]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(ATV[0][1])); lineEquation[1] = coef * ( double(pATA[0]) * double(ATV[0][1]) - double(pATA[2]) * double(ATV[0][0])); /*compute line fit error */ // for(int i=0; i();//matT = [y0', y1', ... yn'; 1,1,...,1] for (int i = 0; i < newLength; i++) { *(pMatT + newLength) = 1; *(pMatT++) = yCors[newOffsetS]; vec[0][i] = xCors[newOffsetS++]; } /* [a,b]^T = Inv(ATA + mat^T * mat) * (ATV + mat^T * vec) */ // matT.MultiplyWithTransposeOf(matT, tempMatLineFit); tempMatLineFit = matT * matT.t(); tempVecLineFit = matT * vec; ATA = ATA + tempMatLineFit; ATV = ATV + tempVecLineFit; // pATA = ATA.GetData(); pATA = ATA.ptr(); coef = 1.0 / (double(pATA[0]) * double(pATA[3]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(pATA[2])); lineEquation[0] = coef * ( double(pATA[3]) * double(ATV[0][0]) - double(pATA[1]) * double(ATV[0][1])); lineEquation[1] = coef * ( double(pATA[0]) * double(ATV[0][1]) - double(pATA[2]) * double(ATV[0][0])); /*compute line fit error */ // for(int i=0; i &lineEquation, float &direction) { if (bValidate_) { int n = offsetE - offsetS; /*first compute the direction of line, make sure that the dark side always be the *left side of a line.*/ int meanGradientX = 0, meanGradientY = 0; float *pdxImg = dxImg_.ptr(); float *pdyImg = dyImg_.ptr(); double dx, dy; std::vector pointDirection; int index; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { index = yCors[offsetS] * imageWidth + xCors[offsetS++]; meanGradientX += pdxImg[index]; meanGradientY += pdyImg[index]; dx = (double) pdxImg[index]; dy = (double) pdyImg[index]; pointDirection.push_back(atan2(-dx, dy)); } dx = fabs(lineEquation[1]); dy = fabs(lineEquation[0]); if (meanGradientX == 0 && meanGradientY == 0) //not possible, if happens, it must be a wrong line, { return false; } if (meanGradientX > 0 && meanGradientY >= 0) //first quadrant, and positive direction of X axis. { direction = atan2(-dy, dx); //line direction is in fourth quadrant } if (meanGradientX <= 0 && meanGradientY > 0) //second quadrant, and positive direction of Y axis. { direction = atan2(dy, dx); //line direction is in first quadrant } if (meanGradientX < 0 && meanGradientY <= 0) //third quadrant, and negative direction of X axis. { direction = atan2(dy, -dx); //line direction is in second quadrant } if (meanGradientX >= 0 && meanGradientY < 0) //fourth quadrant, and negative direction of Y axis. { direction = atan2(-dy, -dx); //line direction is in third quadrant } /*then check whether the line is on the border of the image. We don't keep the border line.*/ if (fabs(direction) < 0.15 || M_PI - fabs(direction) < 0.15) //Horizontal line { if (fabs(lineEquation[2]) < 10 || fabs(imageHeight - fabs(lineEquation[2])) < 10) //upper border or lower border { return false; } } if (fabs(fabs(direction) - M_PI * 0.5) < 0.15) //Vertical line { if (fabs(lineEquation[2]) < 10 || fabs(imageWidth - fabs(lineEquation[2])) < 10) //left border or right border { return false; } } //count the aligned points on the line which have the same direction as the line. double disDirection; int k = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { disDirection = fabs(direction - pointDirection[i]); if (fabs(2 * M_PI - disDirection) < 0.392699 || disDirection < 0.392699) //same direction, pi/8 = 0.392699081698724 { k++; } } //now compute NFA(Number of False Alarms) double ret = nfa(n, k, 0.125, logNT_); return (ret > 0); //0 corresponds to 1 mean false alarm } else { return true; } } ================================================ FILE: thirdParty/edlines/EDLineDetector.h ================================================ /*IMPORTANT: READ BEFORE DOWNLOADING, COPYING, INSTALLING OR USING. By downloading, copying, installing or using the software you agree to this license. If you do not agree to this license, do not download, install, copy or use the software. License Agreement For Open Source Computer Vision Library Copyright (C) 2011-2012, Lilian Zhang, all rights reserved. Copyright (C) 2013, Manuele Tamburrano, Stefano Fabri, all rights reserved. Third party copyrights are property of their respective owners. To extract edge and lines, this library implements the EDLines Algorithm and the Edge Drawing detector: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167865511001772 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1047320312000831 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * The name of the copyright holders may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors "as is" and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the Intel Corporation or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential damages (including, but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods or services; loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption) however caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict liability, or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the possibility of such damage. */ #ifndef EDLINEDETECTOR_HH_ #define EDLINEDETECTOR_HH_ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include //#include "opencv2/core/utility.hpp" #include struct Pixel { unsigned int x; //X coordinate unsigned int y; //Y coordinate }; struct EdgeChains { std::vector xCors;//all the x coordinates of edge points std::vector yCors;//all the y coordinates of edge points std::vector sId; //the start index of each edge in the coordinate arrays unsigned int numOfEdges; //the number of edges whose length are larger than minLineLen; numOfEdges < sId.size; }; struct LineChains { std::vector xCors;//all the x coordinates of line points std::vector yCors;//all the y coordinates of line points std::vector sId; //the start index of each line in the coordinate arrays unsigned int numOfLines; //the number of lines whose length are larger than minLineLen; numOfLines < sId.size; }; typedef std::list PixelChain;//each edge is a pixel chain struct EDLineParam { int ksize; float sigma; float gradientThreshold; float anchorThreshold; int scanIntervals; int minLineLen; double lineFitErrThreshold; }; #define RELATIVE_ERROR_FACTOR 100.0 #define M_LN10 2.30258509299404568402 #define log_gamma(x) ((x)>15.0?log_gamma_windschitl(x):log_gamma_lanczos(x)) /* This class is used to detect lines from input image. * First, edges are extracted from input image following the method presented in Cihan Topal and * Cuneyt Akinlar's paper:"Edge Drawing: A Heuristic Approach to Robust Real-Time Edge Detection", 2010. * Then, lines are extracted from the edge image following the method presented in Cuneyt Akinlar and * Cihan Topal's paper:"EDLines: A real-time line segment detector with a false detection control", 2011 * PS: The linking step of edge detection has a little bit difference with the Edge drawing algorithm * described in the paper. The edge chain doesn't stop when the pixel direction is changed. */ class EDLineDetector { public: EDLineDetector(); EDLineDetector(EDLineParam param); ~EDLineDetector(); /*extract edges from image *image: In, gray image; *edges: Out, store the edges, each edge is a pixel chain *smoothed: In, flag to mark whether the image has already been smoothed by Gaussian filter. *return -1: error happen */ int EdgeDrawing(cv::Mat const &image, EdgeChains &edgeChains, bool smoothed = false); /*extract lines from image *image: In, gray image; *lines: Out, store the extracted lines, *smoothed: In, flag to mark whether the image has already been smoothed by Gaussian filter. *return -1: error happen */ int EDline(cv::Mat const &image, LineChains &lines, bool smoothed = false); /*extract line from image, and store them*/ int EDline(cv::Mat const &image, bool smoothed = false); cv::Mat dxImg_;//store the dxImg; cv::Mat dyImg_;//store the dyImg; cv::Mat gImgWO_;//store the gradient image without threshold; LineChains lines_; //store the detected line chains; //store the line Equation coefficients, vec3=[w1,w2,w3] for line w1*x + w2*y + w3=0; std::vector > lineEquations_; //store the line endpoints, [x1,y1,x2,y3] std::vector > lineEndpoints_; //store the line direction std::vector lineDirection_; //store the line ::salience, which is the summation of gradients of pixels on line std::vector lineSalience_; unsigned int imageWidth; unsigned int imageHeight; private: void InitEDLine_(); /*For an input edge chain, find the best fit line, the default chain length is minLineLen_ *xCors: In, pointer to the X coordinates of pixel chain; *yCors: In, pointer to the Y coordinates of pixel chain; *offsetS:In, start index of this chain in array; *lineEquation: Out, [a,b] which are the coefficient of lines y=ax+b(horizontal) or x=ay+b(vertical); *return: line fit error; -1:error happens; */ double LeastSquaresLineFit_(unsigned int *xCors, unsigned int *yCors, unsigned int offsetS, std::array &lineEquation); /*For an input pixel chain, find the best fit line. Only do the update based on new points. *For A*x=v, Least square estimation of x = Inv(A^T * A) * (A^T * v); *If some new observations are added, i.e, [A; A'] * x = [v; v'], *then x' = Inv(A^T * A + (A')^T * A') * (A^T * v + (A')^T * v'); *xCors: In, pointer to the X coordinates of pixel chain; *yCors: In, pointer to the Y coordinates of pixel chain; *offsetS:In, start index of this chain in array; *newOffsetS: In, start index of extended part; *offsetE:In, end index of this chain in array; *lineEquation: Out, [a,b] which are the coefficient of lines y=ax+b(horizontal) or x=ay+b(vertical); *return: line fit error; -1:error happens; */ double LeastSquaresLineFit_(unsigned int *xCors, unsigned int *yCors, unsigned int offsetS, unsigned int newOffsetS, unsigned int offsetE, std::array &lineEquation); /* Validate line based on the Helmholtz principle, which basically states that * for a structure to be perceptually meaningful, the expectation of this structure * by chance must be very low. */ bool LineValidation_(unsigned int *xCors, unsigned int *yCors, unsigned int offsetS, unsigned int offsetE, std::array &lineEquation, float &direction); bool bValidate_;//flag to decide whether line will be validated int ksize_; //the size of Gaussian kernel: ksize X ksize, default value is 5. float sigma_;//the sigma of Gaussian kernal, default value is 1.0. /*the threshold of pixel gradient magnitude. *Only those pixel whose gradient magnitude are larger than this threshold will be *taken as possible edge points. Default value is 36*/ short gradienThreshold_; /*If the pixel's gradient value is bigger than both of its neighbors by a *certain threshold (ANCHOR_THRESHOLD), the pixel is marked to be an anchor. *Default value is 8*/ unsigned char anchorThreshold_; /*anchor testing can be performed at different scan intervals, i.e., *every row/column, every second row/column etc. *Default value is 2*/ unsigned int scanIntervals_; int minLineLen_;//minimal acceptable line length /*For example, there two edges in the image: *edge1 = [(7,4), (8,5), (9,6),| (10,7)|, (11, 8), (12,9)] and *edge2 = [(14,9), (15,10), (16,11), (17,12),| (18, 13)|, (19,14)] ; then we store them as following: *pFirstPartEdgeX_ = [10, 11, 12, 18, 19];//store the first part of each edge[from middle to end] *pFirstPartEdgeY_ = [7, 8, 9, 13, 14]; *pFirstPartEdgeS_ = [0,3,5];// the index of start point of first part of each edge *pSecondPartEdgeX_ = [10, 9, 8, 7, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14];//store the second part of each edge[from middle to front] *pSecondPartEdgeY_ = [7, 6, 5, 4, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9];//anchor points(10, 7) and (18, 13) are stored again *pSecondPartEdgeS_ = [0, 4, 9];// the index of start point of second part of each edge *This type of storage order is because of the order of edge detection process. *For each edge, start from one anchor point, first go right, then go left or first go down, then go up*/ unsigned int *pFirstPartEdgeX_;//store the X coordinates of the first part of the pixels for chains unsigned int *pFirstPartEdgeY_;//store the Y coordinates of the first part of the pixels for chains unsigned int *pFirstPartEdgeS_;//store the start index of every edge chain in the first part arrays unsigned int *pSecondPartEdgeX_;//store the X coordinates of the second part of the pixels for chains unsigned int *pSecondPartEdgeY_;//store the Y coordinates of the second part of the pixels for chains unsigned int *pSecondPartEdgeS_;//store the start index of every edge chain in the second part arrays unsigned int *pAnchorX_;//store the X coordinates of anchors unsigned int *pAnchorY_;//store the Y coordinates of anchors cv::Mat edgeImage_; /*The threshold of line fit error; *If lineFitErr is large than this threshold, then *the pixel chain is not accepted as a single line segment.*/ double lineFitErrThreshold_; cv::Mat gImg_;//store the gradient image; cv::Mat dirImg_;//store the direction image double logNT_; cv::Mat_ ATA; //the previous matrix of A^T * A; cv::Mat_ ATV; //the previous vector of A^T * V; cv::Mat_ fitMatT; //the matrix used in line fit function; cv::Mat_ fitVec; //the vector used in line fit function; cv::Mat_ tempMatLineFit; //the matrix used in line fit function; cv::Mat_ tempVecLineFit; //the vector used in line fit function; /** Compare doubles by relative error. The resulting rounding error after floating point computations depend on the specific operations done. The same number computed by different algorithms could present different rounding errors. For a useful comparison, an estimation of the relative rounding error should be considered and compared to a factor times EPS. The factor should be related to the accumulated rounding error in the chain of computation. Here, as a simplification, a fixed factor is used. */ static int double_equal(double a, double b) { double abs_diff, aa, bb, abs_max; /* trivial case */ if ( a == b ) return true; abs_diff = fabs(a - b); aa = fabs(a); bb = fabs(b); abs_max = aa > bb ? aa : bb; /* DBL_MIN is the smallest normalized number, thus, the smallest number whose relative error is bounded by DBL_EPSILON. For smaller numbers, the same quantization steps as for DBL_MIN are used. Then, for smaller numbers, a meaningful "relative" error should be computed by dividing the difference by DBL_MIN. */ if ( abs_max < DBL_MIN ) abs_max = DBL_MIN; /* equal if relative error <= factor x eps */ return (abs_diff / abs_max) <= (RELATIVE_ERROR_FACTOR * DBL_EPSILON); } /** Computes the natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function of x using the Lanczos approximation. See http://www.rskey.org/gamma.htm The formula used is @f[ \Gamma(x) = \frac{ \sum_{n=0}^{N} q_n x^n }{ \Pi_{n=0}^{N} (x+n) } (x+5.5)^{x+0.5} e^{-(x+5.5)} @f] so @f[ \log\Gamma(x) = \log\left( \sum_{n=0}^{N} q_n x^n \right) + (x+0.5) \log(x+5.5) - (x+5.5) - \sum_{n=0}^{N} \log(x+n) @f] and q0 = 75122.6331530, q1 = 80916.6278952, q2 = 36308.2951477, q3 = 8687.24529705, q4 = 1168.92649479, q5 = 83.8676043424, q6 = 2.50662827511. */ static double log_gamma_lanczos(double x) { static double q[7] = { 75122.6331530, 80916.6278952, 36308.2951477, 8687.24529705, 1168.92649479, 83.8676043424, 2.50662827511 }; double a = (x + 0.5) * log(x + 5.5) - (x + 5.5); double b = 0.0; int n; for (n = 0; n < 7; n++) { a -= log( x + (double) n ); b += q[n] * pow( x, (double) n ); } return a + log(b); } /** Computes the natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function of x using Windschitl method. See http://www.rskey.org/gamma.htm The formula used is @f[ \Gamma(x) = \sqrt{\frac{2\pi}{x}} \left( \frac{x}{e} \sqrt{ x\sinh(1/x) + \frac{1}{810x^6} } \right)^x @f] so @f[ \log\Gamma(x) = 0.5\log(2\pi) + (x-0.5)\log(x) - x + 0.5x\log\left( x\sinh(1/x) + \frac{1}{810x^6} \right). @f] This formula is a good approximation when x > 15. */ static double log_gamma_windschitl(double x) { return 0.918938533204673 + (x - 0.5) * log(x) - x + 0.5 * x * log( x * sinh(1 / x) + 1 / (810.0 * pow(x, 6.0)) ); } /** Computes -log10(NFA). NFA stands for Number of False Alarms: @f[ \mathrm{NFA} = NT \cdot B(n,k,p) @f] - NT - number of tests - B(n,k,p) - tail of binomial distribution with parameters n,k and p: @f[ B(n,k,p) = \sum_{j=k}^n \left(\begin{array}{c}n\\j\end{array}\right) p^{j} (1-p)^{n-j} @f] The value -log10(NFA) is equivalent but more intuitive than NFA: - -1 corresponds to 10 mean false alarms - 0 corresponds to 1 mean false alarm - 1 corresponds to 0.1 mean false alarms - 2 corresponds to 0.01 mean false alarms - ... Used this way, the bigger the value, better the detection, and a logarithmic scale is used. @param n,k,p binomial parameters. @param logNT logarithm of Number of Tests The computation is based in the gamma function by the following relation: @f[ \left(\begin{array}{c}n\\k\end{array}\right) = \frac{ \Gamma(n+1) }{ \Gamma(k+1) \cdot \Gamma(n-k+1) }. @f] We use efficient algorithms to compute the logarithm of the gamma function. To make the computation faster, not all the sum is computed, part of the terms are neglected based on a bound to the error obtained (an error of 10% in the result is accepted). */ static double nfa(int n, int k, double p, double logNT) { double tolerance = 0.1; /* an error of 10% in the result is accepted */ double log1term, term, bin_term, mult_term, bin_tail, err, p_term; int i; /* check parameters */ if ( n < 0 || k < 0 || k > n || p <= 0.0 || p >= 1.0 ) { std::cout << "nfa: wrong n, k or p values." << std::endl; exit(0); } /* trivial cases */ if ( n == 0 || k == 0 ) return -logNT; if ( n == k ) return -logNT - (double) n * log10(p); /* probability term */ p_term = p / (1.0 - p); /* compute the first term of the series */ /* binomial_tail(n,k,p) = sum_{i=k}^n bincoef(n,i) * p^i * (1-p)^{n-i} where bincoef(n,i) are the binomial coefficients. But bincoef(n,k) = gamma(n+1) / ( gamma(k+1) * gamma(n-k+1) ). We use this to compute the first term. Actually the log of it. */ log1term = log_gamma( (double) n + 1.0 ) - log_gamma( (double) k + 1.0 ) - log_gamma( (double) (n - k) + 1.0 ) + (double) k * log(p) + (double) (n - k) * log(1.0 - p); term = exp(log1term); /* in some cases no more computations are needed */ if ( double_equal(term, 0.0) ) /* the first term is almost zero */ { if ( (double) k > (double) n * p ) /* at begin or end of the tail? */ return -log1term / M_LN10 - logNT; /* end: use just the first term */ else return -logNT; /* begin: the tail is roughly 1 */ } /* compute more terms if needed */ bin_tail = term; for (i = k + 1; i <= n; i++) { /* As term_i = bincoef(n,i) * p^i * (1-p)^(n-i) and bincoef(n,i)/bincoef(n,i-1) = n-i+1 / i, then, term_i / term_i-1 = (n-i+1)/i * p/(1-p) and term_i = term_i-1 * (n-i+1)/i * p/(1-p). p/(1-p) is computed only once and stored in 'p_term'. */ bin_term = (double) (n - i + 1) / (double) i; mult_term = bin_term * p_term; term *= mult_term; bin_tail += term; if (bin_term < 1.0) { /* When bin_term<1 then mult_term_ji. Then, the error on the binomial tail when truncated at the i term can be bounded by a geometric series of form term_i * sum mult_term_i^j. */ err = term * ( ( 1.0 - pow( mult_term, (double) (n - i + 1) ) ) / (1.0 - mult_term) - 1.0 ); /* One wants an error at most of tolerance*final_result, or: tolerance * abs(-log10(bin_tail)-logNT). Now, the error that can be accepted on bin_tail is given by tolerance*final_result divided by the derivative of -log10(x) when x=bin_tail. that is: tolerance * abs(-log10(bin_tail)-logNT) / (1/bin_tail) Finally, we truncate the tail if the error is less than: tolerance * abs(-log10(bin_tail)-logNT) * bin_tail */ if ( err < tolerance * fabs(-log10(bin_tail) - logNT) * bin_tail ) break; } } return -log10(bin_tail) - logNT; } }; #endif /* EDLINEDETECTOR_HH_ */ ================================================ FILE: thirdParty/json/json.hpp ================================================ /* __ _____ _____ _____ __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++ | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.0.1 |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json Licensed under the MIT License . Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Niels Lohmann . Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. */ #ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP #define NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP #include // all_of, copy, fill, find, for_each, generate_n, none_of, remove, reverse, transform #include // array #include // assert #include // and, not, or #include // lconv, localeconv #include // isfinite, labs, ldexp, signbit #include // nullptr_t, ptrdiff_t, size_t #include // int64_t, uint64_t #include // abort, strtod, strtof, strtold, strtoul, strtoll, strtoull #include // memcpy, strlen #include // forward_list #include // function, hash, less #include // initializer_list #include // hex #include // istream, ostream #include // advance, begin, back_inserter, bidirectional_iterator_tag, distance, end, inserter, iterator, iterator_traits, next, random_access_iterator_tag, reverse_iterator #include // numeric_limits #include // locale #include // map #include // addressof, allocator, allocator_traits, unique_ptr #include // accumulate #include // stringstream #include // getline, stoi, string, to_string #include // add_pointer, conditional, decay, enable_if, false_type, integral_constant, is_arithmetic, is_base_of, is_const, is_constructible, is_convertible, is_default_constructible, is_enum, is_floating_point, is_integral, is_nothrow_move_assignable, is_nothrow_move_constructible, is_pointer, is_reference, is_same, is_scalar, is_signed, remove_const, remove_cv, remove_pointer, remove_reference, true_type, underlying_type #include // declval, forward, make_pair, move, pair, swap #include // valarray #include // vector // exclude unsupported compilers #if defined(__clang__) #if (__clang_major__ * 10000 + __clang_minor__ * 100 + __clang_patchlevel__) < 30400 #error "unsupported Clang version - see https://github.com/nlohmann/json#supported-compilers" #endif #elif defined(__GNUC__) && !(defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)) #if (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) < 40900 #error "unsupported GCC version - see https://github.com/nlohmann/json#supported-compilers" #endif #endif // disable float-equal warnings on GCC/clang #if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__) #pragma GCC diagnostic push #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal" #endif // disable documentation warnings on clang #if defined(__clang__) #pragma GCC diagnostic push #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdocumentation" #endif // allow for portable deprecation warnings #if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__) #define JSON_DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated)) #elif defined(_MSC_VER) #define JSON_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated) #else #define JSON_DEPRECATED #endif // allow to disable exceptions #if (defined(__cpp_exceptions) || defined(__EXCEPTIONS) || defined(_CPPUNWIND)) && not defined(JSON_NOEXCEPTION) #define JSON_THROW(exception) throw exception #define JSON_TRY try #define JSON_CATCH(exception) catch(exception) #else #define JSON_THROW(exception) std::abort() #define JSON_TRY if(true) #define JSON_CATCH(exception) if(false) #endif // manual branch prediction #if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__) #define JSON_LIKELY(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1) #define JSON_UNLIKELY(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0) #else #define JSON_LIKELY(x) x #define JSON_UNLIKELY(x) x #endif // C++ language standard detection #if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201703L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX17) && _HAS_CXX17 == 1) // fix for issue #464 #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17 #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14 #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201402L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX14) && _HAS_CXX14 == 1) #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14 #endif /*! @brief namespace for Niels Lohmann @see https://github.com/nlohmann @since version 1.0.0 */ namespace nlohmann { template struct adl_serializer; // forward declaration of basic_json (required to split the class) template class ObjectType = std::map, template class ArrayType = std::vector, class StringType = std::string, class BooleanType = bool, class NumberIntegerType = std::int64_t, class NumberUnsignedType = std::uint64_t, class NumberFloatType = double, template class AllocatorType = std::allocator, template class JSONSerializer = adl_serializer> class basic_json; // Ugly macros to avoid uglier copy-paste when specializing basic_json. They // may be removed in the future once the class is split. #define NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION \ template class ObjectType, \ template class ArrayType, \ class StringType, class BooleanType, class NumberIntegerType, \ class NumberUnsignedType, class NumberFloatType, \ template class AllocatorType, \ template class JSONSerializer> #define NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL \ basic_json /*! @brief unnamed namespace with internal helper functions This namespace collects some functions that could not be defined inside the @ref basic_json class. @since version 2.1.0 */ namespace detail { //////////////// // exceptions // //////////////// /*! @brief general exception of the @ref basic_json class This class is an extension of `std::exception` objects with a member @a id for exception ids. It is used as the base class for all exceptions thrown by the @ref basic_json class. This class can hence be used as "wildcard" to catch exceptions. Subclasses: - @ref parse_error for exceptions indicating a parse error - @ref invalid_iterator for exceptions indicating errors with iterators - @ref type_error for exceptions indicating executing a member function with a wrong type - @ref out_of_range for exceptions indicating access out of the defined range - @ref other_error for exceptions indicating other library errors @internal @note To have nothrow-copy-constructible exceptions, we internally use `std::runtime_error` which can cope with arbitrary-length error messages. Intermediate strings are built with static functions and then passed to the actual constructor. @endinternal @liveexample{The following code shows how arbitrary library exceptions can be caught.,exception} @since version 3.0.0 */ class exception : public std::exception { public: /// returns the explanatory string const char* what() const noexcept override { return m.what(); } /// the id of the exception const int id; protected: exception(int id_, const char* what_arg) : id(id_), m(what_arg) {} static std::string name(const std::string& ename, int id_) { return "[json.exception." + ename + "." + std::to_string(id_) + "] "; } private: /// an exception object as storage for error messages std::runtime_error m; }; /*! @brief exception indicating a parse error This exception is thrown by the library when a parse error occurs. Parse errors can occur during the deserialization of JSON text, CBOR, MessagePack, as well as when using JSON Patch. Member @a byte holds the byte index of the last read character in the input file. Exceptions have ids 1xx. name / id | example message | description ------------------------------ | --------------- | ------------------------- json.exception.parse_error.101 | parse error at 2: unexpected end of input; expected string literal | This error indicates a syntax error while deserializing a JSON text. The error message describes that an unexpected token (character) was encountered, and the member @a byte indicates the error position. json.exception.parse_error.102 | parse error at 14: missing or wrong low surrogate | JSON uses the `\uxxxx` format to describe Unicode characters. Code points above above 0xFFFF are split into two `\uxxxx` entries ("surrogate pairs"). This error indicates that the surrogate pair is incomplete or contains an invalid code point. json.exception.parse_error.103 | parse error: code points above 0x10FFFF are invalid | Unicode supports code points up to 0x10FFFF. Code points above 0x10FFFF are invalid. json.exception.parse_error.104 | parse error: JSON patch must be an array of objects | [RFC 6902](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902) requires a JSON Patch document to be a JSON document that represents an array of objects. json.exception.parse_error.105 | parse error: operation must have string member 'op' | An operation of a JSON Patch document must contain exactly one "op" member, whose value indicates the operation to perform. Its value must be one of "add", "remove", "replace", "move", "copy", or "test"; other values are errors. json.exception.parse_error.106 | parse error: array index '01' must not begin with '0' | An array index in a JSON Pointer ([RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901)) may be `0` or any number without a leading `0`. json.exception.parse_error.107 | parse error: JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'foo' | A JSON Pointer must be a Unicode string containing a sequence of zero or more reference tokens, each prefixed by a `/` character. json.exception.parse_error.108 | parse error: escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1' | In a JSON Pointer, only `~0` and `~1` are valid escape sequences. json.exception.parse_error.109 | parse error: array index 'one' is not a number | A JSON Pointer array index must be a number. json.exception.parse_error.110 | parse error at 1: cannot read 2 bytes from vector | When parsing CBOR or MessagePack, the byte vector ends before the complete value has been read. json.exception.parse_error.112 | parse error at 1: error reading CBOR; last byte: 0xF8 | Not all types of CBOR or MessagePack are supported. This exception occurs if an unsupported byte was read. json.exception.parse_error.113 | parse error at 2: expected a CBOR string; last byte: 0x98 | While parsing a map key, a value that is not a string has been read. @note For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and n+1 is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file. This also holds true when reading a byte vector (CBOR or MessagePack). @liveexample{The following code shows how a `parse_error` exception can be caught.,parse_error} @sa @ref exception for the base class of the library exceptions @sa @ref invalid_iterator for exceptions indicating errors with iterators @sa @ref type_error for exceptions indicating executing a member function with a wrong type @sa @ref out_of_range for exceptions indicating access out of the defined range @sa @ref other_error for exceptions indicating other library errors @since version 3.0.0 */ class parse_error : public exception { public: /*! @brief create a parse error exception @param[in] id_ the id of the exception @param[in] byte_ the byte index where the error occurred (or 0 if the position cannot be determined) @param[in] what_arg the explanatory string @return parse_error object */ static parse_error create(int id_, std::size_t byte_, const std::string& what_arg) { std::string w = exception::name("parse_error", id_) + "parse error" + (byte_ != 0 ? (" at " + std::to_string(byte_)) : "") + ": " + what_arg; return parse_error(id_, byte_, w.c_str()); } /*! @brief byte index of the parse error The byte index of the last read character in the input file. @note For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and n+1 is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file. This also holds true when reading a byte vector (CBOR or MessagePack). */ const std::size_t byte; private: parse_error(int id_, std::size_t byte_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg), byte(byte_) {} }; /*! @brief exception indicating errors with iterators This exception is thrown if iterators passed to a library function do not match the expected semantics. Exceptions have ids 2xx. name / id | example message | description ----------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------- json.exception.invalid_iterator.201 | iterators are not compatible | The iterators passed to constructor @ref basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last) are not compatible, meaning they do not belong to the same container. Therefore, the range (@a first, @a last) is invalid. json.exception.invalid_iterator.202 | iterator does not fit current value | In an erase or insert function, the passed iterator @a pos does not belong to the JSON value for which the function was called. It hence does not define a valid position for the deletion/insertion. json.exception.invalid_iterator.203 | iterators do not fit current value | Either iterator passed to function @ref erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last) does not belong to the JSON value from which values shall be erased. It hence does not define a valid range to delete values from. json.exception.invalid_iterator.204 | iterators out of range | When an iterator range for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to a constructor or an erase function, this range has to be exactly (@ref begin(), @ref end()), because this is the only way the single stored value is expressed. All other ranges are invalid. json.exception.invalid_iterator.205 | iterator out of range | When an iterator for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to an erase function, the iterator has to be the @ref begin() iterator, because it is the only way to address the stored value. All other iterators are invalid. json.exception.invalid_iterator.206 | cannot construct with iterators from null | The iterators passed to constructor @ref basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last) belong to a JSON null value and hence to not define a valid range. json.exception.invalid_iterator.207 | cannot use key() for non-object iterators | The key() member function can only be used on iterators belonging to a JSON object, because other types do not have a concept of a key. json.exception.invalid_iterator.208 | cannot use operator[] for object iterators | The operator[] to specify a concrete offset cannot be used on iterators belonging to a JSON object, because JSON objects are unordered. json.exception.invalid_iterator.209 | cannot use offsets with object iterators | The offset operators (+, -, +=, -=) cannot be used on iterators belonging to a JSON object, because JSON objects are unordered. json.exception.invalid_iterator.210 | iterators do not fit | The iterator range passed to the insert function are not compatible, meaning they do not belong to the same container. Therefore, the range (@a first, @a last) is invalid. json.exception.invalid_iterator.211 | passed iterators may not belong to container | The iterator range passed to the insert function must not be a subrange of the container to insert to. json.exception.invalid_iterator.212 | cannot compare iterators of different containers | When two iterators are compared, they must belong to the same container. json.exception.invalid_iterator.213 | cannot compare order of object iterators | The order of object iterators cannot be compared, because JSON objects are unordered. json.exception.invalid_iterator.214 | cannot get value | Cannot get value for iterator: Either the iterator belongs to a null value or it is an iterator to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but the iterator is different to @ref begin(). @liveexample{The following code shows how an `invalid_iterator` exception can be caught.,invalid_iterator} @sa @ref exception for the base class of the library exceptions @sa @ref parse_error for exceptions indicating a parse error @sa @ref type_error for exceptions indicating executing a member function with a wrong type @sa @ref out_of_range for exceptions indicating access out of the defined range @sa @ref other_error for exceptions indicating other library errors @since version 3.0.0 */ class invalid_iterator : public exception { public: static invalid_iterator create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg) { std::string w = exception::name("invalid_iterator", id_) + what_arg; return invalid_iterator(id_, w.c_str()); } private: invalid_iterator(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {} }; /*! @brief exception indicating executing a member function with a wrong type This exception is thrown in case of a type error; that is, a library function is executed on a JSON value whose type does not match the expected semantics. Exceptions have ids 3xx. name / id | example message | description ----------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------- json.exception.type_error.301 | cannot create object from initializer list | To create an object from an initializer list, the initializer list must consist only of a list of pairs whose first element is a string. When this constraint is violated, an array is created instead. json.exception.type_error.302 | type must be object, but is array | During implicit or explicit value conversion, the JSON type must be compatible to the target type. For instance, a JSON string can only be converted into string types, but not into numbers or boolean types. json.exception.type_error.303 | incompatible ReferenceType for get_ref, actual type is object | To retrieve a reference to a value stored in a @ref basic_json object with @ref get_ref, the type of the reference must match the value type. For instance, for a JSON array, the @a ReferenceType must be @ref array_t&. json.exception.type_error.304 | cannot use at() with string | The @ref at() member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.305 | cannot use operator[] with string | The @ref operator[] member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.306 | cannot use value() with string | The @ref value() member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.307 | cannot use erase() with string | The @ref erase() member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.308 | cannot use push_back() with string | The @ref push_back() and @ref operator+= member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.309 | cannot use insert() with | The @ref insert() member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.310 | cannot use swap() with number | The @ref swap() member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.311 | cannot use emplace_back() with string | The @ref emplace_back() member function can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.312 | cannot use update() with string | The @ref update() member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types. json.exception.type_error.313 | invalid value to unflatten | The @ref unflatten function converts an object whose keys are JSON Pointers back into an arbitrary nested JSON value. The JSON Pointers must not overlap, because then the resulting value would not be well defined. json.exception.type_error.314 | only objects can be unflattened | The @ref unflatten function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers. json.exception.type_error.315 | values in object must be primitive | The @ref unflatten function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers and whose values are primitive. json.exception.type_error.316 | invalid UTF-8 byte at index 10: 0x7E | The @ref dump function only works with UTF-8 encoded strings; that is, if you assign a `std::string` to a JSON value, make sure it is UTF-8 encoded. | @liveexample{The following code shows how a `type_error` exception can be caught.,type_error} @sa @ref exception for the base class of the library exceptions @sa @ref parse_error for exceptions indicating a parse error @sa @ref invalid_iterator for exceptions indicating errors with iterators @sa @ref out_of_range for exceptions indicating access out of the defined range @sa @ref other_error for exceptions indicating other library errors @since version 3.0.0 */ class type_error : public exception { public: static type_error create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg) { std::string w = exception::name("type_error", id_) + what_arg; return type_error(id_, w.c_str()); } private: type_error(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {} }; /*! @brief exception indicating access out of the defined range This exception is thrown in case a library function is called on an input parameter that exceeds the expected range, for instance in case of array indices or nonexisting object keys. Exceptions have ids 4xx. name / id | example message | description ------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------- json.exception.out_of_range.401 | array index 3 is out of range | The provided array index @a i is larger than @a size-1. json.exception.out_of_range.402 | array index '-' (3) is out of range | The special array index `-` in a JSON Pointer never describes a valid element of the array, but the index past the end. That is, it can only be used to add elements at this position, but not to read it. json.exception.out_of_range.403 | key 'foo' not found | The provided key was not found in the JSON object. json.exception.out_of_range.404 | unresolved reference token 'foo' | A reference token in a JSON Pointer could not be resolved. json.exception.out_of_range.405 | JSON pointer has no parent | The JSON Patch operations 'remove' and 'add' can not be applied to the root element of the JSON value. json.exception.out_of_range.406 | number overflow parsing '10E1000' | A parsed number could not be stored as without changing it to NaN or INF. @liveexample{The following code shows how an `out_of_range` exception can be caught.,out_of_range} @sa @ref exception for the base class of the library exceptions @sa @ref parse_error for exceptions indicating a parse error @sa @ref invalid_iterator for exceptions indicating errors with iterators @sa @ref type_error for exceptions indicating executing a member function with a wrong type @sa @ref other_error for exceptions indicating other library errors @since version 3.0.0 */ class out_of_range : public exception { public: static out_of_range create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg) { std::string w = exception::name("out_of_range", id_) + what_arg; return out_of_range(id_, w.c_str()); } private: out_of_range(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {} }; /*! @brief exception indicating other library errors This exception is thrown in case of errors that cannot be classified with the other exception types. Exceptions have ids 5xx. name / id | example message | description ------------------------------ | --------------- | ------------------------- json.exception.other_error.501 | unsuccessful: {"op":"test","path":"/baz", "value":"bar"} | A JSON Patch operation 'test' failed. The unsuccessful operation is also printed. @sa @ref exception for the base class of the library exceptions @sa @ref parse_error for exceptions indicating a parse error @sa @ref invalid_iterator for exceptions indicating errors with iterators @sa @ref type_error for exceptions indicating executing a member function with a wrong type @sa @ref out_of_range for exceptions indicating access out of the defined range @liveexample{The following code shows how an `other_error` exception can be caught.,other_error} @since version 3.0.0 */ class other_error : public exception { public: static other_error create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg) { std::string w = exception::name("other_error", id_) + what_arg; return other_error(id_, w.c_str()); } private: other_error(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {} }; /////////////////////////// // JSON type enumeration // /////////////////////////// /*! @brief the JSON type enumeration This enumeration collects the different JSON types. It is internally used to distinguish the stored values, and the functions @ref basic_json::is_null(), @ref basic_json::is_object(), @ref basic_json::is_array(), @ref basic_json::is_string(), @ref basic_json::is_boolean(), @ref basic_json::is_number() (with @ref basic_json::is_number_integer(), @ref basic_json::is_number_unsigned(), and @ref basic_json::is_number_float()), @ref basic_json::is_discarded(), @ref basic_json::is_primitive(), and @ref basic_json::is_structured() rely on it. @note There are three enumeration entries (number_integer, number_unsigned, and number_float), because the library distinguishes these three types for numbers: @ref basic_json::number_unsigned_t is used for unsigned integers, @ref basic_json::number_integer_t is used for signed integers, and @ref basic_json::number_float_t is used for floating-point numbers or to approximate integers which do not fit in the limits of their respective type. @sa @ref basic_json::basic_json(const value_t value_type) -- create a JSON value with the default value for a given type @since version 1.0.0 */ enum class value_t : uint8_t { null, ///< null value object, ///< object (unordered set of name/value pairs) array, ///< array (ordered collection of values) string, ///< string value boolean, ///< boolean value number_integer, ///< number value (signed integer) number_unsigned, ///< number value (unsigned integer) number_float, ///< number value (floating-point) discarded ///< discarded by the the parser callback function }; /*! @brief comparison operator for JSON types Returns an ordering that is similar to Python: - order: null < boolean < number < object < array < string - furthermore, each type is not smaller than itself - discarded values are not comparable @since version 1.0.0 */ inline bool operator<(const value_t lhs, const value_t rhs) noexcept { static constexpr std::array order = {{ 0 /* null */, 3 /* object */, 4 /* array */, 5 /* string */, 1 /* boolean */, 2 /* integer */, 2 /* unsigned */, 2 /* float */ } }; const auto l_index = static_cast(lhs); const auto r_index = static_cast(rhs); return l_index < order.size() and r_index < order.size() and order[l_index] < order[r_index]; } ///////////// // helpers // ///////////// template struct is_basic_json : std::false_type {}; NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION struct is_basic_json : std::true_type {}; // alias templates to reduce boilerplate template using enable_if_t = typename std::enable_if::type; template using uncvref_t = typename std::remove_cv::type>::type; // implementation of C++14 index_sequence and affiliates // source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/32223343 template struct index_sequence { using type = index_sequence; using value_type = std::size_t; static constexpr std::size_t size() noexcept { return sizeof...(Ints); } }; template struct merge_and_renumber; template struct merge_and_renumber, index_sequence> : index_sequence < I1..., (sizeof...(I1) + I2)... > {}; template struct make_index_sequence : merge_and_renumber < typename make_index_sequence < N / 2 >::type, typename make_index_sequence < N - N / 2 >::type > {}; template<> struct make_index_sequence<0> : index_sequence<> {}; template<> struct make_index_sequence<1> : index_sequence<0> {}; template using index_sequence_for = make_index_sequence; /* Implementation of two C++17 constructs: conjunction, negation. This is needed to avoid evaluating all the traits in a condition For example: not std::is_same::value and has_value_type::value will not compile when T = void (on MSVC at least). Whereas conjunction>, has_value_type>::value will stop evaluating if negation<...>::value == false Please note that those constructs must be used with caution, since symbols can become very long quickly (which can slow down compilation and cause MSVC internal compiler errors). Only use it when you have to (see example ahead). */ template struct conjunction : std::true_type {}; template struct conjunction : B1 {}; template struct conjunction : std::conditional, B1>::type {}; template struct negation : std::integral_constant {}; // dispatch utility (taken from ranges-v3) template struct priority_tag : priority_tag < N - 1 > {}; template<> struct priority_tag<0> {}; ////////////////// // constructors // ////////////////// template struct external_constructor; template<> struct external_constructor { template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t b) noexcept { j.m_type = value_t::boolean; j.m_value = b; j.assert_invariant(); } }; template<> struct external_constructor { template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s) { j.m_type = value_t::string; j.m_value = s; j.assert_invariant(); } template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t&& s) { j.m_type = value_t::string; j.m_value = std::move(s); j.assert_invariant(); } }; template<> struct external_constructor { template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t val) noexcept { j.m_type = value_t::number_float; j.m_value = val; j.assert_invariant(); } }; template<> struct external_constructor { template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t val) noexcept { j.m_type = value_t::number_unsigned; j.m_value = val; j.assert_invariant(); } }; template<> struct external_constructor { template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t val) noexcept { j.m_type = value_t::number_integer; j.m_value = val; j.assert_invariant(); } }; template<> struct external_constructor { template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr) { j.m_type = value_t::array; j.m_value = arr; j.assert_invariant(); } template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t&& arr) { j.m_type = value_t::array; j.m_value = std::move(arr); j.assert_invariant(); } template::value, int> = 0> static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr) { using std::begin; using std::end; j.m_type = value_t::array; j.m_value.array = j.template create(begin(arr), end(arr)); j.assert_invariant(); } template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const std::vector& arr) { j.m_type = value_t::array; j.m_value = value_t::array; j.m_value.array->reserve(arr.size()); for (const bool x : arr) { j.m_value.array->push_back(x); } j.assert_invariant(); } template::value, int> = 0> static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const std::valarray& arr) { j.m_type = value_t::array; j.m_value = value_t::array; j.m_value.array->resize(arr.size()); std::copy(std::begin(arr), std::end(arr), j.m_value.array->begin()); j.assert_invariant(); } }; template<> struct external_constructor { template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& obj) { j.m_type = value_t::object; j.m_value = obj; j.assert_invariant(); } template static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::object_t&& obj) { j.m_type = value_t::object; j.m_value = std::move(obj); j.assert_invariant(); } template::value, int> = 0> static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj) { using std::begin; using std::end; j.m_type = value_t::object; j.m_value.object = j.template create(begin(obj), end(obj)); j.assert_invariant(); } }; //////////////////////// // has_/is_ functions // //////////////////////// /*! @brief Helper to determine whether there's a key_type for T. This helper is used to tell associative containers apart from other containers such as sequence containers. For instance, `std::map` passes the test as it contains a `mapped_type`, whereas `std::vector` fails the test. @sa http://stackoverflow.com/a/7728728/266378 @since version 1.0.0, overworked in version 2.0.6 */ #define NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(type) \ template struct has_##type { \ private: \ template \ static int detect(U &&); \ static void detect(...); \ public: \ static constexpr bool value = \ std::is_integral()))>::value; \ } NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(mapped_type); NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(key_type); NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(value_type); NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(iterator); #undef NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER template struct is_compatible_object_type_impl : std::false_type {}; template struct is_compatible_object_type_impl { static constexpr auto value = std::is_constructible::value and std::is_constructible::value; }; template struct is_compatible_object_type { static auto constexpr value = is_compatible_object_type_impl < conjunction>, has_mapped_type, has_key_type>::value, typename BasicJsonType::object_t, CompatibleObjectType >::value; }; template struct is_basic_json_nested_type { static auto constexpr value = std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value; }; template struct is_compatible_array_type { static auto constexpr value = conjunction>, negation>, negation>, negation>, has_value_type, has_iterator>::value; }; template struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl : std::false_type {}; template struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl { // is there an assert somewhere on overflows? using RealLimits = std::numeric_limits; using CompatibleLimits = std::numeric_limits; static constexpr auto value = std::is_constructible::value and CompatibleLimits::is_integer and RealLimits::is_signed == CompatibleLimits::is_signed; }; template struct is_compatible_integer_type { static constexpr auto value = is_compatible_integer_type_impl < std::is_integral::value and not std::is_same::value, RealIntegerType, CompatibleNumberIntegerType >::value; }; // trait checking if JSONSerializer::from_json(json const&, udt&) exists template struct has_from_json { private: // also check the return type of from_json template::from_json( std::declval(), std::declval()))>::value>> static int detect(U&&); static void detect(...); public: static constexpr bool value = std::is_integral>()))>::value; }; // This trait checks if JSONSerializer::from_json(json const&) exists // this overload is used for non-default-constructible user-defined-types template struct has_non_default_from_json { private: template::from_json(std::declval()))>::value>> static int detect(U&&); static void detect(...); public: static constexpr bool value = std::is_integral>()))>::value; }; // This trait checks if BasicJsonType::json_serializer::to_json exists template struct has_to_json { private: template::to_json( std::declval(), std::declval()))> static int detect(U&&); static void detect(...); public: static constexpr bool value = std::is_integral>()))>::value; }; ///////////// // to_json // ///////////// template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, T b) noexcept { external_constructor::construct(j, b); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleString& s) { external_constructor::construct(j, s); } template void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t&& s) { external_constructor::construct(j, std::move(s)); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, FloatType val) noexcept { external_constructor::construct(j, static_cast(val)); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberUnsignedType val) noexcept { external_constructor::construct(j, static_cast(val)); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberIntegerType val) noexcept { external_constructor::construct(j, static_cast(val)); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, EnumType e) noexcept { using underlying_type = typename std::underlying_type::type; external_constructor::construct(j, static_cast(e)); } template void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::vector& e) { external_constructor::construct(j, e); } template::value or std::is_same::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr) { external_constructor::construct(j, arr); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, std::valarray arr) { external_constructor::construct(j, std::move(arr)); } template void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t&& arr) { external_constructor::construct(j, std::move(arr)); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj) { external_constructor::construct(j, obj); } template void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::object_t&& obj) { external_constructor::construct(j, std::move(obj)); } template::value, int> = 0> void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N]) { external_constructor::construct(j, arr); } template void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::pair& p) { j = {p.first, p.second}; } template void to_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType& j, const Tuple& t, index_sequence) { j = {std::get(t)...}; } template void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::tuple& t) { to_json_tuple_impl(j, t, index_sequence_for {}); } /////////////// // from_json // /////////////// // overloads for basic_json template parameters template::value and not std::is_same::value, int> = 0> void get_arithmetic_value(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val) { switch (static_cast(j)) { case value_t::number_unsigned: { val = static_cast(*j.template get_ptr()); break; } case value_t::number_integer: { val = static_cast(*j.template get_ptr()); break; } case value_t::number_float: { val = static_cast(*j.template get_ptr()); break; } default: JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be number, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t& b) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_boolean())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be boolean, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } b = *j.template get_ptr(); } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_string())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be string, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } s = *j.template get_ptr(); } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t& val) { get_arithmetic_value(j, val); } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t& val) { get_arithmetic_value(j, val); } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t& val) { get_arithmetic_value(j, val); } template::value, int> = 0> void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, EnumType& e) { typename std::underlying_type::type val; get_arithmetic_value(j, val); e = static_cast(val); } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } arr = *j.template get_ptr(); } // forward_list doesn't have an insert method template::value, int> = 0> void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::forward_list& l) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } std::transform(j.rbegin(), j.rend(), std::front_inserter(l), [](const BasicJsonType & i) { return i.template get(); }); } // valarray doesn't have an insert method template::value, int> = 0> void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::valarray& l) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } l.resize(j.size()); std::copy(j.m_value.array->begin(), j.m_value.array->end(), std::begin(l)); } template void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleArrayType& arr, priority_tag<0> /*unused*/) { using std::end; std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(), std::inserter(arr, end(arr)), [](const BasicJsonType & i) { // get() returns *this, this won't call a from_json // method when value_type is BasicJsonType return i.template get(); }); } template auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleArrayType& arr, priority_tag<1> /*unused*/) -> decltype( arr.reserve(std::declval()), void()) { using std::end; arr.reserve(j.size()); std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(), std::inserter(arr, end(arr)), [](const BasicJsonType & i) { // get() returns *this, this won't call a from_json // method when value_type is BasicJsonType return i.template get(); }); } template void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, std::array& arr, priority_tag<2> /*unused*/) { for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) { arr[i] = j.at(i).template get(); } } template::value and std::is_convertible::value and not std::is_same::value, int> = 0> void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleArrayType& arr) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_array())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be array, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<2> {}); } template::value, int> = 0> void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleObjectType& obj) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_object())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be object, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } auto inner_object = j.template get_ptr(); using value_type = typename CompatibleObjectType::value_type; std::transform( inner_object->begin(), inner_object->end(), std::inserter(obj, obj.begin()), [](typename BasicJsonType::object_t::value_type const & p) { return value_type(p.first, p.second.template get()); }); } // overload for arithmetic types, not chosen for basic_json template arguments // (BooleanType, etc..); note: Is it really necessary to provide explicit // overloads for boolean_t etc. in case of a custom BooleanType which is not // an arithmetic type? template::value and not std::is_same::value and not std::is_same::value and not std::is_same::value and not std::is_same::value, int> = 0> void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val) { switch (static_cast(j)) { case value_t::number_unsigned: { val = static_cast(*j.template get_ptr()); break; } case value_t::number_integer: { val = static_cast(*j.template get_ptr()); break; } case value_t::number_float: { val = static_cast(*j.template get_ptr()); break; } case value_t::boolean: { val = static_cast(*j.template get_ptr()); break; } default: JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be number, but is " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::pair& p) { p = {j.at(0).template get(), j.at(1).template get()}; } template void from_json_tuple_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, Tuple& t, index_sequence) { t = std::make_tuple(j.at(Idx).template get::type>()...); } template void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::tuple& t) { from_json_tuple_impl(j, t, index_sequence_for {}); } struct to_json_fn { private: template auto call(BasicJsonType& j, T&& val, priority_tag<1> /*unused*/) const noexcept(noexcept(to_json(j, std::forward(val)))) -> decltype(to_json(j, std::forward(val)), void()) { return to_json(j, std::forward(val)); } template void call(BasicJsonType& /*unused*/, T&& /*unused*/, priority_tag<0> /*unused*/) const noexcept { static_assert(sizeof(BasicJsonType) == 0, "could not find to_json() method in T's namespace"); #ifdef _MSC_VER // MSVC does not show a stacktrace for the above assert using decayed = uncvref_t; static_assert(sizeof(typename decayed::force_msvc_stacktrace) == 0, "forcing MSVC stacktrace to show which T we're talking about."); #endif } public: template void operator()(BasicJsonType& j, T&& val) const noexcept(noexcept(std::declval().call(j, std::forward(val), priority_tag<1> {}))) { return call(j, std::forward(val), priority_tag<1> {}); } }; struct from_json_fn { private: template auto call(const BasicJsonType& j, T& val, priority_tag<1> /*unused*/) const noexcept(noexcept(from_json(j, val))) -> decltype(from_json(j, val), void()) { return from_json(j, val); } template void call(const BasicJsonType& /*unused*/, T& /*unused*/, priority_tag<0> /*unused*/) const noexcept { static_assert(sizeof(BasicJsonType) == 0, "could not find from_json() method in T's namespace"); #ifdef _MSC_VER // MSVC does not show a stacktrace for the above assert using decayed = uncvref_t; static_assert(sizeof(typename decayed::force_msvc_stacktrace) == 0, "forcing MSVC stacktrace to show which T we're talking about."); #endif } public: template void operator()(const BasicJsonType& j, T& val) const noexcept(noexcept(std::declval().call(j, val, priority_tag<1> {}))) { return call(j, val, priority_tag<1> {}); } }; // taken from ranges-v3 template struct static_const { static constexpr T value{}; }; template constexpr T static_const::value; //////////////////// // input adapters // //////////////////// /*! @brief abstract input adapter interface Produces a stream of std::char_traits::int_type characters from a std::istream, a buffer, or some other input type. Accepts the return of exactly one non-EOF character for future input. The int_type characters returned consist of all valid char values as positive values (typically unsigned char), plus an EOF value outside that range, specified by the value of the function std::char_traits::eof(). This value is typically -1, but could be any arbitrary value which is not a valid char value. */ struct input_adapter_protocol { /// get a character [0,255] or std::char_traits::eof(). virtual std::char_traits::int_type get_character() = 0; /// restore the last non-eof() character to input virtual void unget_character() = 0; virtual ~input_adapter_protocol() = default; }; /// a type to simplify interfaces using input_adapter_t = std::shared_ptr; /*! Input adapter for a (caching) istream. Ignores a UFT Byte Order Mark at beginning of input. Does not support changing the underlying std::streambuf in mid-input. Maintains underlying std::istream and std::streambuf to support subsequent use of standard std::istream operations to process any input characters following those used in parsing the JSON input. Clears the std::istream flags; any input errors (e.g., EOF) will be detected by the first subsequent call for input from the std::istream. */ class input_stream_adapter : public input_adapter_protocol { public: ~input_stream_adapter() override { // clear stream flags; we use underlying streambuf I/O, do not // maintain ifstream flags is.clear(); } explicit input_stream_adapter(std::istream& i) : is(i), sb(*i.rdbuf()) { // skip byte order mark std::char_traits::int_type c; if ((c = get_character()) == 0xEF) { if ((c = get_character()) == 0xBB) { if ((c = get_character()) == 0xBF) { return; // Ignore BOM } else if (c != std::char_traits::eof()) { is.unget(); } is.putback('\xBB'); } else if (c != std::char_traits::eof()) { is.unget(); } is.putback('\xEF'); } else if (c != std::char_traits::eof()) { is.unget(); // no byte order mark; process as usual } } // delete because of pointer members input_stream_adapter(const input_stream_adapter&) = delete; input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&) = delete; // std::istream/std::streambuf use std::char_traits::to_int_type, to // ensure that std::char_traits::eof() and the character 0xFF do not // end up as the same value, eg. 0xFFFFFFFF. std::char_traits::int_type get_character() override { return sb.sbumpc(); } void unget_character() override { sb.sungetc(); // is.unget() avoided for performance } private: /// the associated input stream std::istream& is; std::streambuf& sb; }; /// input adapter for buffer input class input_buffer_adapter : public input_adapter_protocol { public: input_buffer_adapter(const char* b, const std::size_t l) : cursor(b), limit(b + l), start(b) { // skip byte order mark if (l >= 3 and b[0] == '\xEF' and b[1] == '\xBB' and b[2] == '\xBF') { cursor += 3; } } // delete because of pointer members input_buffer_adapter(const input_buffer_adapter&) = delete; input_buffer_adapter& operator=(input_buffer_adapter&) = delete; std::char_traits::int_type get_character() noexcept override { if (JSON_LIKELY(cursor < limit)) { return std::char_traits::to_int_type(*(cursor++)); } return std::char_traits::eof(); } void unget_character() noexcept override { if (JSON_LIKELY(cursor > start)) { --cursor; } } private: /// pointer to the current character const char* cursor; /// pointer past the last character const char* limit; /// pointer to the first character const char* start; }; class input_adapter { public: // native support /// input adapter for input stream input_adapter(std::istream& i) : ia(std::make_shared(i)) {} /// input adapter for input stream input_adapter(std::istream&& i) : ia(std::make_shared(i)) {} /// input adapter for buffer template::value and std::is_integral::type>::value and sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer::type) == 1, int>::type = 0> input_adapter(CharT b, std::size_t l) : ia(std::make_shared(reinterpret_cast(b), l)) {} // derived support /// input adapter for string literal template::value and std::is_integral::type>::value and sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer::type) == 1, int>::type = 0> input_adapter(CharT b) : input_adapter(reinterpret_cast(b), std::strlen(reinterpret_cast(b))) {} /// input adapter for iterator range with contiguous storage template::iterator_category, std::random_access_iterator_tag>::value, int>::type = 0> input_adapter(IteratorType first, IteratorType last) { // assertion to check that the iterator range is indeed contiguous, // see http://stackoverflow.com/a/35008842/266378 for more discussion assert(std::accumulate( first, last, std::pair(true, 0), [&first](std::pair res, decltype(*first) val) { res.first &= (val == *(std::next(std::addressof(*first), res.second++))); return res; }).first); // assertion to check that each element is 1 byte long static_assert( sizeof(typename std::iterator_traits::value_type) == 1, "each element in the iterator range must have the size of 1 byte"); const auto len = static_cast(std::distance(first, last)); if (JSON_LIKELY(len > 0)) { // there is at least one element: use the address of first ia = std::make_shared(reinterpret_cast(&(*first)), len); } else { // the address of first cannot be used: use nullptr ia = std::make_shared(nullptr, len); } } /// input adapter for array template input_adapter(T (&array)[N]) : input_adapter(std::begin(array), std::end(array)) {} /// input adapter for contiguous container template::value and std::is_base_of()))>::iterator_category>::value, int>::type = 0> input_adapter(const ContiguousContainer& c) : input_adapter(std::begin(c), std::end(c)) {} operator input_adapter_t() { return ia; } private: /// the actual adapter input_adapter_t ia = nullptr; }; ////////////////////// // lexer and parser // ////////////////////// /*! @brief lexical analysis This class organizes the lexical analysis during JSON deserialization. */ template class lexer { using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t; using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t; using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t; public: /// token types for the parser enum class token_type { uninitialized, ///< indicating the scanner is uninitialized literal_true, ///< the `true` literal literal_false, ///< the `false` literal literal_null, ///< the `null` literal value_string, ///< a string -- use get_string() for actual value value_unsigned, ///< an unsigned integer -- use get_number_unsigned() for actual value value_integer, ///< a signed integer -- use get_number_integer() for actual value value_float, ///< an floating point number -- use get_number_float() for actual value begin_array, ///< the character for array begin `[` begin_object, ///< the character for object begin `{` end_array, ///< the character for array end `]` end_object, ///< the character for object end `}` name_separator, ///< the name separator `:` value_separator, ///< the value separator `,` parse_error, ///< indicating a parse error end_of_input, ///< indicating the end of the input buffer literal_or_value ///< a literal or the begin of a value (only for diagnostics) }; /// return name of values of type token_type (only used for errors) static const char* token_type_name(const token_type t) noexcept { switch (t) { case token_type::uninitialized: return ""; case token_type::literal_true: return "true literal"; case token_type::literal_false: return "false literal"; case token_type::literal_null: return "null literal"; case token_type::value_string: return "string literal"; case lexer::token_type::value_unsigned: case lexer::token_type::value_integer: case lexer::token_type::value_float: return "number literal"; case token_type::begin_array: return "'['"; case token_type::begin_object: return "'{'"; case token_type::end_array: return "']'"; case token_type::end_object: return "'}'"; case token_type::name_separator: return "':'"; case token_type::value_separator: return "','"; case token_type::parse_error: return ""; case token_type::end_of_input: return "end of input"; case token_type::literal_or_value: return "'[', '{', or a literal"; default: // catch non-enum values return "unknown token"; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } } explicit lexer(detail::input_adapter_t adapter) : ia(std::move(adapter)), decimal_point_char(get_decimal_point()) {} // delete because of pointer members lexer(const lexer&) = delete; lexer& operator=(lexer&) = delete; private: ///////////////////// // locales ///////////////////// /// return the locale-dependent decimal point static char get_decimal_point() noexcept { const auto loc = localeconv(); assert(loc != nullptr); return (loc->decimal_point == nullptr) ? '.' : *(loc->decimal_point); } ///////////////////// // scan functions ///////////////////// /*! @brief get codepoint from 4 hex characters following `\u` For input "\u c1 c2 c3 c4" the codepoint is: (c1 * 0x1000) + (c2 * 0x0100) + (c3 * 0x0010) + c4 = (c1 << 12) + (c2 << 8) + (c3 << 4) + (c4 << 0) Furthermore, the possible characters '0'..'9', 'A'..'F', and 'a'..'f' must be converted to the integers 0x0..0x9, 0xA..0xF, 0xA..0xF, resp. The conversion is done by subtracting the offset (0x30, 0x37, and 0x57) between the ASCII value of the character and the desired integer value. @return codepoint (0x0000..0xFFFF) or -1 in case of an error (e.g. EOF or non-hex character) */ int get_codepoint() { // this function only makes sense after reading `\u` assert(current == 'u'); int codepoint = 0; const auto factors = { 12, 8, 4, 0 }; for (const auto factor : factors) { get(); if (current >= '0' and current <= '9') { codepoint += ((current - 0x30) << factor); } else if (current >= 'A' and current <= 'F') { codepoint += ((current - 0x37) << factor); } else if (current >= 'a' and current <= 'f') { codepoint += ((current - 0x57) << factor); } else { return -1; } } assert(0x0000 <= codepoint and codepoint <= 0xFFFF); return codepoint; } /*! @brief check if the next byte(s) are inside a given range Adds the current byte and, for each passed range, reads a new byte and checks if it is inside the range. If a violation was detected, set up an error message and return false. Otherwise, return true. @param[in] ranges list of integers; interpreted as list of pairs of inclusive lower and upper bound, respectively @pre The passed list @a ranges must have 2, 4, or 6 elements; that is, 1, 2, or 3 pairs. This precondition is enforced by an assertion. @return true if and only if no range violation was detected */ bool next_byte_in_range(std::initializer_list ranges) { assert(ranges.size() == 2 or ranges.size() == 4 or ranges.size() == 6); add(current); for (auto range = ranges.begin(); range != ranges.end(); ++range) { get(); if (JSON_LIKELY(*range <= current and current <= *(++range))) { add(current); } else { error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte"; return false; } } return true; } /*! @brief scan a string literal This function scans a string according to Sect. 7 of RFC 7159. While scanning, bytes are escaped and copied into buffer yytext. Then the function returns successfully, yytext is *not* null-terminated (as it may contain \0 bytes), and yytext.size() is the number of bytes in the string. @return token_type::value_string if string could be successfully scanned, token_type::parse_error otherwise @note In case of errors, variable error_message contains a textual description. */ token_type scan_string() { // reset yytext (ignore opening quote) reset(); // we entered the function by reading an open quote assert(current == '\"'); while (true) { // get next character switch (get()) { // end of file while parsing string case std::char_traits::eof(): { error_message = "invalid string: missing closing quote"; return token_type::parse_error; } // closing quote case '\"': { return token_type::value_string; } // escapes case '\\': { switch (get()) { // quotation mark case '\"': add('\"'); break; // reverse solidus case '\\': add('\\'); break; // solidus case '/': add('/'); break; // backspace case 'b': add('\b'); break; // form feed case 'f': add('\f'); break; // line feed case 'n': add('\n'); break; // carriage return case 'r': add('\r'); break; // tab case 't': add('\t'); break; // unicode escapes case 'u': { const int codepoint1 = get_codepoint(); int codepoint = codepoint1; // start with codepoint1 if (JSON_UNLIKELY(codepoint1 == -1)) { error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits"; return token_type::parse_error; } // check if code point is a high surrogate if (0xD800 <= codepoint1 and codepoint1 <= 0xDBFF) { // expect next \uxxxx entry if (JSON_LIKELY(get() == '\\' and get() == 'u')) { const int codepoint2 = get_codepoint(); if (JSON_UNLIKELY(codepoint2 == -1)) { error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits"; return token_type::parse_error; } // check if codepoint2 is a low surrogate if (JSON_LIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint2 and codepoint2 <= 0xDFFF)) { // overwrite codepoint codepoint = // high surrogate occupies the most significant 22 bits (codepoint1 << 10) // low surrogate occupies the least significant 15 bits + codepoint2 // there is still the 0xD800, 0xDC00 and 0x10000 noise // in the result so we have to subtract with: // (0xD800 << 10) + DC00 - 0x10000 = 0x35FDC00 - 0x35FDC00; } else { error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF"; return token_type::parse_error; } } else { error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF"; return token_type::parse_error; } } else { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint1 and codepoint1 <= 0xDFFF)) { error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must follow U+D800..U+DBFF"; return token_type::parse_error; } } // result of the above calculation yields a proper codepoint assert(0x00 <= codepoint and codepoint <= 0x10FFFF); // translate codepoint into bytes if (codepoint < 0x80) { // 1-byte characters: 0xxxxxxx (ASCII) add(codepoint); } else if (codepoint <= 0x7FF) { // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx add(0xC0 | (codepoint >> 6)); add(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3F)); } else if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF) { // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx add(0xE0 | (codepoint >> 12)); add(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3F)); add(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3F)); } else { // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx add(0xF0 | (codepoint >> 18)); add(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 12) & 0x3F)); add(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3F)); add(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3F)); } break; } // other characters after escape default: error_message = "invalid string: forbidden character after backslash"; return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // invalid control characters case 0x00: case 0x01: case 0x02: case 0x03: case 0x04: case 0x05: case 0x06: case 0x07: case 0x08: case 0x09: case 0x0A: case 0x0B: case 0x0C: case 0x0D: case 0x0E: case 0x0F: case 0x10: case 0x11: case 0x12: case 0x13: case 0x14: case 0x15: case 0x16: case 0x17: case 0x18: case 0x19: case 0x1A: case 0x1B: case 0x1C: case 0x1D: case 0x1E: case 0x1F: { error_message = "invalid string: control character must be escaped"; return token_type::parse_error; } // U+0020..U+007F (except U+0022 (quote) and U+005C (backspace)) case 0x20: case 0x21: case 0x23: case 0x24: case 0x25: case 0x26: case 0x27: case 0x28: case 0x29: case 0x2A: case 0x2B: case 0x2C: case 0x2D: case 0x2E: case 0x2F: case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34: case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39: case 0x3A: case 0x3B: case 0x3C: case 0x3D: case 0x3E: case 0x3F: case 0x40: case 0x41: case 0x42: case 0x43: case 0x44: case 0x45: case 0x46: case 0x47: case 0x48: case 0x49: case 0x4A: case 0x4B: case 0x4C: case 0x4D: case 0x4E: case 0x4F: case 0x50: case 0x51: case 0x52: case 0x53: case 0x54: case 0x55: case 0x56: case 0x57: case 0x58: case 0x59: case 0x5A: case 0x5B: case 0x5D: case 0x5E: case 0x5F: case 0x60: case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63: case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66: case 0x67: case 0x68: case 0x69: case 0x6A: case 0x6B: case 0x6C: case 0x6D: case 0x6E: case 0x6F: case 0x70: case 0x71: case 0x72: case 0x73: case 0x74: case 0x75: case 0x76: case 0x77: case 0x78: case 0x79: case 0x7A: case 0x7B: case 0x7C: case 0x7D: case 0x7E: case 0x7F: { add(current); break; } // U+0080..U+07FF: bytes C2..DF 80..BF case 0xC2: case 0xC3: case 0xC4: case 0xC5: case 0xC6: case 0xC7: case 0xC8: case 0xC9: case 0xCA: case 0xCB: case 0xCC: case 0xCD: case 0xCE: case 0xCF: case 0xD0: case 0xD1: case 0xD2: case 0xD3: case 0xD4: case 0xD5: case 0xD6: case 0xD7: case 0xD8: case 0xD9: case 0xDA: case 0xDB: case 0xDC: case 0xDD: case 0xDE: case 0xDF: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF}))) { return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // U+0800..U+0FFF: bytes E0 A0..BF 80..BF case 0xE0: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0xA0, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF})))) { return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // U+1000..U+CFFF: bytes E1..EC 80..BF 80..BF // U+E000..U+FFFF: bytes EE..EF 80..BF 80..BF case 0xE1: case 0xE2: case 0xE3: case 0xE4: case 0xE5: case 0xE6: case 0xE7: case 0xE8: case 0xE9: case 0xEA: case 0xEB: case 0xEC: case 0xEE: case 0xEF: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF})))) { return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // U+D000..U+D7FF: bytes ED 80..9F 80..BF case 0xED: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x9F, 0x80, 0xBF})))) { return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF case 0xF0: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x90, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF})))) { return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF case 0xF1: case 0xF2: case 0xF3: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF})))) { return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF case 0xF4: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not (next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF})))) { return token_type::parse_error; } break; } // remaining bytes (80..C1 and F5..FF) are ill-formed default: { error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte"; return token_type::parse_error; } } } } static void strtof(float& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept { f = std::strtof(str, endptr); } static void strtof(double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept { f = std::strtod(str, endptr); } static void strtof(long double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept { f = std::strtold(str, endptr); } /*! @brief scan a number literal This function scans a string according to Sect. 6 of RFC 7159. The function is realized with a deterministic finite state machine derived from the grammar described in RFC 7159. Starting in state "init", the input is read and used to determined the next state. Only state "done" accepts the number. State "error" is a trap state to model errors. In the table below, "anything" means any character but the ones listed before. state | 0 | 1-9 | e E | + | - | . | anything ---------|----------|----------|----------|---------|---------|----------|----------- init | zero | any1 | [error] | [error] | minus | [error] | [error] minus | zero | any1 | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] zero | done | done | exponent | done | done | decimal1 | done any1 | any1 | any1 | exponent | done | done | decimal1 | done decimal1 | decimal2 | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] decimal2 | decimal2 | decimal2 | exponent | done | done | done | done exponent | any2 | any2 | [error] | sign | sign | [error] | [error] sign | any2 | any2 | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] | [error] any2 | any2 | any2 | done | done | done | done | done The state machine is realized with one label per state (prefixed with "scan_number_") and `goto` statements between them. The state machine contains cycles, but any cycle can be left when EOF is read. Therefore, the function is guaranteed to terminate. During scanning, the read bytes are stored in yytext. This string is then converted to a signed integer, an unsigned integer, or a floating-point number. @return token_type::value_unsigned, token_type::value_integer, or token_type::value_float if number could be successfully scanned, token_type::parse_error otherwise @note The scanner is independent of the current locale. Internally, the locale's decimal point is used instead of `.` to work with the locale-dependent converters. */ token_type scan_number() { // reset yytext to store the number's bytes reset(); // the type of the parsed number; initially set to unsigned; will be // changed if minus sign, decimal point or exponent is read token_type number_type = token_type::value_unsigned; // state (init): we just found out we need to scan a number switch (current) { case '-': { add(current); goto scan_number_minus; } case '0': { add(current); goto scan_number_zero; } case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_any1; } default: { // all other characters are rejected outside scan_number() assert(false); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } } scan_number_minus: // state: we just parsed a leading minus sign number_type = token_type::value_integer; switch (get()) { case '0': { add(current); goto scan_number_zero; } case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_any1; } default: { error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '-'"; return token_type::parse_error; } } scan_number_zero: // state: we just parse a zero (maybe with a leading minus sign) switch (get()) { case '.': { add(decimal_point_char); goto scan_number_decimal1; } case 'e': case 'E': { add(current); goto scan_number_exponent; } default: goto scan_number_done; } scan_number_any1: // state: we just parsed a number 0-9 (maybe with a leading minus sign) switch (get()) { case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_any1; } case '.': { add(decimal_point_char); goto scan_number_decimal1; } case 'e': case 'E': { add(current); goto scan_number_exponent; } default: goto scan_number_done; } scan_number_decimal1: // state: we just parsed a decimal point number_type = token_type::value_float; switch (get()) { case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_decimal2; } default: { error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '.'"; return token_type::parse_error; } } scan_number_decimal2: // we just parsed at least one number after a decimal point switch (get()) { case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_decimal2; } case 'e': case 'E': { add(current); goto scan_number_exponent; } default: goto scan_number_done; } scan_number_exponent: // we just parsed an exponent number_type = token_type::value_float; switch (get()) { case '+': case '-': { add(current); goto scan_number_sign; } case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_any2; } default: { error_message = "invalid number; expected '+', '-', or digit after exponent"; return token_type::parse_error; } } scan_number_sign: // we just parsed an exponent sign switch (get()) { case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_any2; } default: { error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after exponent sign"; return token_type::parse_error; } } scan_number_any2: // we just parsed a number after the exponent or exponent sign switch (get()) { case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': { add(current); goto scan_number_any2; } default: goto scan_number_done; } scan_number_done: // unget the character after the number (we only read it to know that // we are done scanning a number) unget(); char* endptr = nullptr; errno = 0; // try to parse integers first and fall back to floats if (number_type == token_type::value_unsigned) { const auto x = std::strtoull(yytext.data(), &endptr, 10); // we checked the number format before assert(endptr == yytext.data() + yytext.size()); if (errno == 0) { value_unsigned = static_cast(x); if (value_unsigned == x) { return token_type::value_unsigned; } } } else if (number_type == token_type::value_integer) { const auto x = std::strtoll(yytext.data(), &endptr, 10); // we checked the number format before assert(endptr == yytext.data() + yytext.size()); if (errno == 0) { value_integer = static_cast(x); if (value_integer == x) { return token_type::value_integer; } } } // this code is reached if we parse a floating-point number or if an // integer conversion above failed strtof(value_float, yytext.data(), &endptr); // we checked the number format before assert(endptr == yytext.data() + yytext.size()); return token_type::value_float; } /*! @param[in] literal_text the literal text to expect @param[in] length the length of the passed literal text @param[in] return_type the token type to return on success */ token_type scan_literal(const char* literal_text, const std::size_t length, token_type return_type) { assert(current == literal_text[0]); for (std::size_t i = 1; i < length; ++i) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(get() != literal_text[i])) { error_message = "invalid literal"; return token_type::parse_error; } } return return_type; } ///////////////////// // input management ///////////////////// /// reset yytext; current character is beginning of token void reset() noexcept { yytext.clear(); token_string.clear(); token_string.push_back(std::char_traits::to_char_type(current)); } /* @brief get next character from the input This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a `std::char_traits::eof()` in that case. Stores the scanned characters for use in error messages. @return character read from the input */ std::char_traits::int_type get() { ++chars_read; current = ia->get_character(); if (JSON_LIKELY(current != std::char_traits::eof())) { token_string.push_back(std::char_traits::to_char_type(current)); } return current; } /// unget current character (return it again on next get) void unget() { --chars_read; if (JSON_LIKELY(current != std::char_traits::eof())) { ia->unget_character(); assert(token_string.size() != 0); token_string.pop_back(); } } /// add a character to yytext void add(int c) { yytext.push_back(std::char_traits::to_char_type(c)); } public: ///////////////////// // value getters ///////////////////// /// return integer value constexpr number_integer_t get_number_integer() const noexcept { return value_integer; } /// return unsigned integer value constexpr number_unsigned_t get_number_unsigned() const noexcept { return value_unsigned; } /// return floating-point value constexpr number_float_t get_number_float() const noexcept { return value_float; } /// return current string value (implicitly resets the token; useful only once) std::string move_string() { return std::move(yytext); } ///////////////////// // diagnostics ///////////////////// /// return position of last read token constexpr std::size_t get_position() const noexcept { return chars_read; } /// return the last read token (for errors only). Will never contain EOF /// (an arbitrary value that is not a valid char value, often -1), because /// 255 may legitimately occur. May contain NUL, which should be escaped. std::string get_token_string() const { // escape control characters std::string result; for (const auto c : token_string) { if ('\x00' <= c and c <= '\x1F') { // escape control characters std::stringstream ss; ss << "(c) << ">"; result += ss.str(); } else { // add character as is result.push_back(c); } } return result; } /// return syntax error message constexpr const char* get_error_message() const noexcept { return error_message; } ///////////////////// // actual scanner ///////////////////// token_type scan() { // read next character and ignore whitespace do { get(); } while (current == ' ' or current == '\t' or current == '\n' or current == '\r'); switch (current) { // structural characters case '[': return token_type::begin_array; case ']': return token_type::end_array; case '{': return token_type::begin_object; case '}': return token_type::end_object; case ':': return token_type::name_separator; case ',': return token_type::value_separator; // literals case 't': return scan_literal("true", 4, token_type::literal_true); case 'f': return scan_literal("false", 5, token_type::literal_false); case 'n': return scan_literal("null", 4, token_type::literal_null); // string case '\"': return scan_string(); // number case '-': case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': return scan_number(); // end of input (the null byte is needed when parsing from // string literals) case '\0': case std::char_traits::eof(): return token_type::end_of_input; // error default: error_message = "invalid literal"; return token_type::parse_error; } } private: /// input adapter detail::input_adapter_t ia = nullptr; /// the current character std::char_traits::int_type current = std::char_traits::eof(); /// the number of characters read std::size_t chars_read = 0; /// raw input token string (for error messages) std::vector token_string {}; /// buffer for variable-length tokens (numbers, strings) std::string yytext {}; /// a description of occurred lexer errors const char* error_message = ""; // number values number_integer_t value_integer = 0; number_unsigned_t value_unsigned = 0; number_float_t value_float = 0; /// the decimal point const char decimal_point_char = '.'; }; /*! @brief syntax analysis This class implements a recursive decent parser. */ template class parser { using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t; using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t; using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t; using lexer_t = lexer; using token_type = typename lexer_t::token_type; public: enum class parse_event_t : uint8_t { /// the parser read `{` and started to process a JSON object object_start, /// the parser read `}` and finished processing a JSON object object_end, /// the parser read `[` and started to process a JSON array array_start, /// the parser read `]` and finished processing a JSON array array_end, /// the parser read a key of a value in an object key, /// the parser finished reading a JSON value value }; using parser_callback_t = std::function; /// a parser reading from an input adapter explicit parser(detail::input_adapter_t adapter, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr, const bool allow_exceptions_ = true) : callback(cb), m_lexer(adapter), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_) {} /*! @brief public parser interface @param[in] strict whether to expect the last token to be EOF @param[in,out] result parsed JSON value @throw parse_error.101 in case of an unexpected token @throw parse_error.102 if to_unicode fails or surrogate error @throw parse_error.103 if to_unicode fails */ void parse(const bool strict, BasicJsonType& result) { // read first token get_token(); parse_internal(true, result); result.assert_invariant(); // in strict mode, input must be completely read if (strict) { get_token(); expect(token_type::end_of_input); } // in case of an error, return discarded value if (errored) { result = value_t::discarded; return; } // set top-level value to null if it was discarded by the callback // function if (result.is_discarded()) { result = nullptr; } } /*! @brief public accept interface @param[in] strict whether to expect the last token to be EOF @return whether the input is a proper JSON text */ bool accept(const bool strict = true) { // read first token get_token(); if (not accept_internal()) { return false; } // strict => last token must be EOF return not strict or (get_token() == token_type::end_of_input); } private: /*! @brief the actual parser @throw parse_error.101 in case of an unexpected token @throw parse_error.102 if to_unicode fails or surrogate error @throw parse_error.103 if to_unicode fails */ void parse_internal(bool keep, BasicJsonType& result) { // never parse after a parse error was detected assert(not errored); // start with a discarded value if (not result.is_discarded()) { result.m_value.destroy(result.m_type); result.m_type = value_t::discarded; } switch (last_token) { case token_type::begin_object: { if (keep) { if (callback) { keep = callback(depth++, parse_event_t::object_start, result); } if (not callback or keep) { // explicitly set result to object to cope with {} result.m_type = value_t::object; result.m_value = value_t::object; } } // read next token get_token(); // closing } -> we are done if (last_token == token_type::end_object) { if (keep and callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::object_end, result)) { result.m_value.destroy(result.m_type); result.m_type = value_t::discarded; } break; } // parse values std::string key; BasicJsonType value; while (true) { // store key if (not expect(token_type::value_string)) { return; } key = m_lexer.move_string(); bool keep_tag = false; if (keep) { if (callback) { BasicJsonType k(key); keep_tag = callback(depth, parse_event_t::key, k); } else { keep_tag = true; } } // parse separator (:) get_token(); if (not expect(token_type::name_separator)) { return; } // parse and add value get_token(); value.m_value.destroy(value.m_type); value.m_type = value_t::discarded; parse_internal(keep, value); if (JSON_UNLIKELY(errored)) { return; } if (keep and keep_tag and not value.is_discarded()) { result.m_value.object->emplace(std::move(key), std::move(value)); } // comma -> next value get_token(); if (last_token == token_type::value_separator) { get_token(); continue; } // closing } if (not expect(token_type::end_object)) { return; } break; } if (keep and callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::object_end, result)) { result.m_value.destroy(result.m_type); result.m_type = value_t::discarded; } break; } case token_type::begin_array: { if (keep) { if (callback) { keep = callback(depth++, parse_event_t::array_start, result); } if (not callback or keep) { // explicitly set result to array to cope with [] result.m_type = value_t::array; result.m_value = value_t::array; } } // read next token get_token(); // closing ] -> we are done if (last_token == token_type::end_array) { if (callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::array_end, result)) { result.m_value.destroy(result.m_type); result.m_type = value_t::discarded; } break; } // parse values BasicJsonType value; while (true) { // parse value value.m_value.destroy(value.m_type); value.m_type = value_t::discarded; parse_internal(keep, value); if (JSON_UNLIKELY(errored)) { return; } if (keep and not value.is_discarded()) { result.m_value.array->push_back(std::move(value)); } // comma -> next value get_token(); if (last_token == token_type::value_separator) { get_token(); continue; } // closing ] if (not expect(token_type::end_array)) { return; } break; } if (keep and callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::array_end, result)) { result.m_value.destroy(result.m_type); result.m_type = value_t::discarded; } break; } case token_type::literal_null: { result.m_type = value_t::null; break; } case token_type::value_string: { result.m_type = value_t::string; result.m_value = m_lexer.move_string(); break; } case token_type::literal_true: { result.m_type = value_t::boolean; result.m_value = true; break; } case token_type::literal_false: { result.m_type = value_t::boolean; result.m_value = false; break; } case token_type::value_unsigned: { result.m_type = value_t::number_unsigned; result.m_value = m_lexer.get_number_unsigned(); break; } case token_type::value_integer: { result.m_type = value_t::number_integer; result.m_value = m_lexer.get_number_integer(); break; } case token_type::value_float: { result.m_type = value_t::number_float; result.m_value = m_lexer.get_number_float(); // throw in case of infinity or NAN if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not std::isfinite(result.m_value.number_float))) { if (allow_exceptions) { JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(406, "number overflow parsing '" + m_lexer.get_token_string() + "'")); } expect(token_type::uninitialized); } break; } case token_type::parse_error: { // using "uninitialized" to avoid "expected" message if (not expect(token_type::uninitialized)) { return; } break; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } default: { // the last token was unexpected; we expected a value if (not expect(token_type::literal_or_value)) { return; } break; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } } if (keep and callback and not callback(depth, parse_event_t::value, result)) { result.m_type = value_t::discarded; } } /*! @brief the actual acceptor @invariant 1. The last token is not yet processed. Therefore, the caller of this function must make sure a token has been read. 2. When this function returns, the last token is processed. That is, the last read character was already considered. This invariant makes sure that no token needs to be "unput". */ bool accept_internal() { switch (last_token) { case token_type::begin_object: { // read next token get_token(); // closing } -> we are done if (last_token == token_type::end_object) { return true; } // parse values while (true) { // parse key if (last_token != token_type::value_string) { return false; } // parse separator (:) get_token(); if (last_token != token_type::name_separator) { return false; } // parse value get_token(); if (not accept_internal()) { return false; } // comma -> next value get_token(); if (last_token == token_type::value_separator) { get_token(); continue; } // closing } return (last_token == token_type::end_object); } } case token_type::begin_array: { // read next token get_token(); // closing ] -> we are done if (last_token == token_type::end_array) { return true; } // parse values while (true) { // parse value if (not accept_internal()) { return false; } // comma -> next value get_token(); if (last_token == token_type::value_separator) { get_token(); continue; } // closing ] return (last_token == token_type::end_array); } } case token_type::value_float: { // reject infinity or NAN return std::isfinite(m_lexer.get_number_float()); } case token_type::literal_false: case token_type::literal_null: case token_type::literal_true: case token_type::value_integer: case token_type::value_string: case token_type::value_unsigned: return true; default: // the last token was unexpected return false; } } /// get next token from lexer token_type get_token() { return (last_token = m_lexer.scan()); } /*! @throw parse_error.101 if expected token did not occur */ bool expect(token_type t) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(t != last_token)) { errored = true; expected = t; if (allow_exceptions) { throw_exception(); } else { return false; } } return true; } [[noreturn]] void throw_exception() const { std::string error_msg = "syntax error - "; if (last_token == token_type::parse_error) { error_msg += std::string(m_lexer.get_error_message()) + "; last read: '" + m_lexer.get_token_string() + "'"; } else { error_msg += "unexpected " + std::string(lexer_t::token_type_name(last_token)); } if (expected != token_type::uninitialized) { error_msg += "; expected " + std::string(lexer_t::token_type_name(expected)); } JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), error_msg)); } private: /// current level of recursion int depth = 0; /// callback function const parser_callback_t callback = nullptr; /// the type of the last read token token_type last_token = token_type::uninitialized; /// the lexer lexer_t m_lexer; /// whether a syntax error occurred bool errored = false; /// possible reason for the syntax error token_type expected = token_type::uninitialized; /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors const bool allow_exceptions = true; }; /////////////// // iterators // /////////////// /*! @brief an iterator for primitive JSON types This class models an iterator for primitive JSON types (boolean, number, string). It's only purpose is to allow the iterator/const_iterator classes to "iterate" over primitive values. Internally, the iterator is modeled by a `difference_type` variable. Value begin_value (`0`) models the begin, end_value (`1`) models past the end. */ class primitive_iterator_t { public: using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t; constexpr difference_type get_value() const noexcept { return m_it; } /// set iterator to a defined beginning void set_begin() noexcept { m_it = begin_value; } /// set iterator to a defined past the end void set_end() noexcept { m_it = end_value; } /// return whether the iterator can be dereferenced constexpr bool is_begin() const noexcept { return m_it == begin_value; } /// return whether the iterator is at end constexpr bool is_end() const noexcept { return m_it == end_value; } friend constexpr bool operator==(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept { return lhs.m_it == rhs.m_it; } friend constexpr bool operator<(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept { return lhs.m_it < rhs.m_it; } primitive_iterator_t operator+(difference_type i) { auto result = *this; result += i; return result; } friend constexpr difference_type operator-(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept { return lhs.m_it - rhs.m_it; } friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, primitive_iterator_t it) { return os << it.m_it; } primitive_iterator_t& operator++() { ++m_it; return *this; } primitive_iterator_t const operator++(int) { auto result = *this; m_it++; return result; } primitive_iterator_t& operator--() { --m_it; return *this; } primitive_iterator_t const operator--(int) { auto result = *this; m_it--; return result; } primitive_iterator_t& operator+=(difference_type n) { m_it += n; return *this; } primitive_iterator_t& operator-=(difference_type n) { m_it -= n; return *this; } private: static constexpr difference_type begin_value = 0; static constexpr difference_type end_value = begin_value + 1; /// iterator as signed integer type difference_type m_it = (std::numeric_limits::min)(); }; /*! @brief an iterator value @note This structure could easily be a union, but MSVC currently does not allow unions members with complex constructors, see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/105. */ template struct internal_iterator { /// iterator for JSON objects typename BasicJsonType::object_t::iterator object_iterator {}; /// iterator for JSON arrays typename BasicJsonType::array_t::iterator array_iterator {}; /// generic iterator for all other types primitive_iterator_t primitive_iterator {}; }; template class iteration_proxy; /*! @brief a template for a bidirectional iterator for the @ref basic_json class This class implements a both iterators (iterator and const_iterator) for the @ref basic_json class. @note An iterator is called *initialized* when a pointer to a JSON value has been set (e.g., by a constructor or a copy assignment). If the iterator is default-constructed, it is *uninitialized* and most methods are undefined. **The library uses assertions to detect calls on uninitialized iterators.** @requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements: - [BidirectionalIterator](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/BidirectionalIterator): The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e. incremented and decremented). @since version 1.0.0, simplified in version 2.0.9, change to bidirectional iterators in version 3.0.0 (see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/593) */ template class iter_impl { /// allow basic_json to access private members friend iter_impl::value, typename std::remove_const::type, const BasicJsonType>::type>; friend BasicJsonType; friend iteration_proxy; using object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t; using array_t = typename BasicJsonType::array_t; // make sure BasicJsonType is basic_json or const basic_json static_assert(is_basic_json::type>::value, "iter_impl only accepts (const) basic_json"); public: /// The std::iterator class template (used as a base class to provide typedefs) is deprecated in C++17. /// The C++ Standard has never required user-defined iterators to derive from std::iterator. /// A user-defined iterator should provide publicly accessible typedefs named /// iterator_category, value_type, difference_type, pointer, and reference. /// Note that value_type is required to be non-const, even for constant iterators. using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag; /// the type of the values when the iterator is dereferenced using value_type = typename BasicJsonType::value_type; /// a type to represent differences between iterators using difference_type = typename BasicJsonType::difference_type; /// defines a pointer to the type iterated over (value_type) using pointer = typename std::conditional::value, typename BasicJsonType::const_pointer, typename BasicJsonType::pointer>::type; /// defines a reference to the type iterated over (value_type) using reference = typename std::conditional::value, typename BasicJsonType::const_reference, typename BasicJsonType::reference>::type; /// default constructor iter_impl() = default; /*! @brief constructor for a given JSON instance @param[in] object pointer to a JSON object for this iterator @pre object != nullptr @post The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ explicit iter_impl(pointer object) noexcept : m_object(object) { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: { m_it.object_iterator = typename object_t::iterator(); break; } case value_t::array: { m_it.array_iterator = typename array_t::iterator(); break; } default: { m_it.primitive_iterator = primitive_iterator_t(); break; } } } /*! @note The conventional copy constructor and copy assignment are implicitly defined. Combined with the following converting constructor and assignment, they support: (1) copy from iterator to iterator, (2) copy from const iterator to const iterator, and (3) conversion from iterator to const iterator. However conversion from const iterator to iterator is not defined. */ /*! @brief converting constructor @param[in] other non-const iterator to copy from @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized. */ iter_impl(const iter_impl::type>& other) noexcept : m_object(other.m_object), m_it(other.m_it) {} /*! @brief converting assignment @param[in,out] other non-const iterator to copy from @return const/non-const iterator @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized. */ iter_impl& operator=(const iter_impl::type>& other) noexcept { m_object = other.m_object; m_it = other.m_it; return *this; } private: /*! @brief set the iterator to the first value @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ void set_begin() noexcept { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: { m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_value.object->begin(); break; } case value_t::array: { m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_value.array->begin(); break; } case value_t::null: { // set to end so begin()==end() is true: null is empty m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end(); break; } default: { m_it.primitive_iterator.set_begin(); break; } } } /*! @brief set the iterator past the last value @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ void set_end() noexcept { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: { m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_value.object->end(); break; } case value_t::array: { m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_value.array->end(); break; } default: { m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end(); break; } } } public: /*! @brief return a reference to the value pointed to by the iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ reference operator*() const { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: { assert(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end()); return m_it.object_iterator->second; } case value_t::array: { assert(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end()); return *m_it.array_iterator; } case value_t::null: JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value")); default: { if (JSON_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin())) { return *m_object; } JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value")); } } } /*! @brief dereference the iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ pointer operator->() const { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: { assert(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end()); return &(m_it.object_iterator->second); } case value_t::array: { assert(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end()); return &*m_it.array_iterator; } default: { if (JSON_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin())) { return m_object; } JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value")); } } } /*! @brief post-increment (it++) @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl const operator++(int) { auto result = *this; ++(*this); return result; } /*! @brief pre-increment (++it) @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl& operator++() { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: { std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, 1); break; } case value_t::array: { std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, 1); break; } default: { ++m_it.primitive_iterator; break; } } return *this; } /*! @brief post-decrement (it--) @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl const operator--(int) { auto result = *this; --(*this); return result; } /*! @brief pre-decrement (--it) @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl& operator--() { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: { std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, -1); break; } case value_t::array: { std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, -1); break; } default: { --m_it.primitive_iterator; break; } } return *this; } /*! @brief comparison: equal @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ bool operator==(const iter_impl& other) const { // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined if (JSON_UNLIKELY(m_object != other.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers")); } assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: return (m_it.object_iterator == other.m_it.object_iterator); case value_t::array: return (m_it.array_iterator == other.m_it.array_iterator); default: return (m_it.primitive_iterator == other.m_it.primitive_iterator); } } /*! @brief comparison: not equal @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ bool operator!=(const iter_impl& other) const { return not operator==(other); } /*! @brief comparison: smaller @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ bool operator<(const iter_impl& other) const { // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined if (JSON_UNLIKELY(m_object != other.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers")); } assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(213, "cannot compare order of object iterators")); case value_t::array: return (m_it.array_iterator < other.m_it.array_iterator); default: return (m_it.primitive_iterator < other.m_it.primitive_iterator); } } /*! @brief comparison: less than or equal @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ bool operator<=(const iter_impl& other) const { return not other.operator < (*this); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ bool operator>(const iter_impl& other) const { return not operator<=(other); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than or equal @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ bool operator>=(const iter_impl& other) const { return not operator<(other); } /*! @brief add to iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl& operator+=(difference_type i) { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(209, "cannot use offsets with object iterators")); case value_t::array: { std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, i); break; } default: { m_it.primitive_iterator += i; break; } } return *this; } /*! @brief subtract from iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl& operator-=(difference_type i) { return operator+=(-i); } /*! @brief add to iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl operator+(difference_type i) const { auto result = *this; result += i; return result; } /*! @brief addition of distance and iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ friend iter_impl operator+(difference_type i, const iter_impl& it) { auto result = it; result += i; return result; } /*! @brief subtract from iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ iter_impl operator-(difference_type i) const { auto result = *this; result -= i; return result; } /*! @brief return difference @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ difference_type operator-(const iter_impl& other) const { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(209, "cannot use offsets with object iterators")); case value_t::array: return m_it.array_iterator - other.m_it.array_iterator; default: return m_it.primitive_iterator - other.m_it.primitive_iterator; } } /*! @brief access to successor @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ reference operator[](difference_type n) const { assert(m_object != nullptr); switch (m_object->m_type) { case value_t::object: JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(208, "cannot use operator[] for object iterators")); case value_t::array: return *std::next(m_it.array_iterator, n); case value_t::null: JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value")); default: { if (JSON_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.get_value() == -n)) { return *m_object; } JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value")); } } } /*! @brief return the key of an object iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ typename object_t::key_type key() const { assert(m_object != nullptr); if (JSON_LIKELY(m_object->is_object())) { return m_it.object_iterator->first; } JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(207, "cannot use key() for non-object iterators")); } /*! @brief return the value of an iterator @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`. */ reference value() const { return operator*(); } private: /// associated JSON instance pointer m_object = nullptr; /// the actual iterator of the associated instance internal_iterator::type> m_it = {}; }; /// proxy class for the iterator_wrapper functions template class iteration_proxy { private: /// helper class for iteration class iteration_proxy_internal { private: /// the iterator IteratorType anchor; /// an index for arrays (used to create key names) std::size_t array_index = 0; public: explicit iteration_proxy_internal(IteratorType it) noexcept : anchor(it) {} /// dereference operator (needed for range-based for) iteration_proxy_internal& operator*() { return *this; } /// increment operator (needed for range-based for) iteration_proxy_internal& operator++() { ++anchor; ++array_index; return *this; } /// inequality operator (needed for range-based for) bool operator!=(const iteration_proxy_internal& o) const noexcept { return anchor != o.anchor; } /// return key of the iterator std::string key() const { assert(anchor.m_object != nullptr); switch (anchor.m_object->type()) { // use integer array index as key case value_t::array: return std::to_string(array_index); // use key from the object case value_t::object: return anchor.key(); // use an empty key for all primitive types default: return ""; } } /// return value of the iterator typename IteratorType::reference value() const { return anchor.value(); } }; /// the container to iterate typename IteratorType::reference container; public: /// construct iteration proxy from a container explicit iteration_proxy(typename IteratorType::reference cont) : container(cont) {} /// return iterator begin (needed for range-based for) iteration_proxy_internal begin() noexcept { return iteration_proxy_internal(container.begin()); } /// return iterator end (needed for range-based for) iteration_proxy_internal end() noexcept { return iteration_proxy_internal(container.end()); } }; /*! @brief a template for a reverse iterator class @tparam Base the base iterator type to reverse. Valid types are @ref iterator (to create @ref reverse_iterator) and @ref const_iterator (to create @ref const_reverse_iterator). @requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements: - [BidirectionalIterator](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/BidirectionalIterator): The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e. incremented and decremented). - [OutputIterator](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/OutputIterator): It is possible to write to the pointed-to element (only if @a Base is @ref iterator). @since version 1.0.0 */ template class json_reverse_iterator : public std::reverse_iterator { public: using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t; /// shortcut to the reverse iterator adapter using base_iterator = std::reverse_iterator; /// the reference type for the pointed-to element using reference = typename Base::reference; /// create reverse iterator from iterator json_reverse_iterator(const typename base_iterator::iterator_type& it) noexcept : base_iterator(it) {} /// create reverse iterator from base class json_reverse_iterator(const base_iterator& it) noexcept : base_iterator(it) {} /// post-increment (it++) json_reverse_iterator const operator++(int) { return static_cast(base_iterator::operator++(1)); } /// pre-increment (++it) json_reverse_iterator& operator++() { return static_cast(base_iterator::operator++()); } /// post-decrement (it--) json_reverse_iterator const operator--(int) { return static_cast(base_iterator::operator--(1)); } /// pre-decrement (--it) json_reverse_iterator& operator--() { return static_cast(base_iterator::operator--()); } /// add to iterator json_reverse_iterator& operator+=(difference_type i) { return static_cast(base_iterator::operator+=(i)); } /// add to iterator json_reverse_iterator operator+(difference_type i) const { return static_cast(base_iterator::operator+(i)); } /// subtract from iterator json_reverse_iterator operator-(difference_type i) const { return static_cast(base_iterator::operator-(i)); } /// return difference difference_type operator-(const json_reverse_iterator& other) const { return base_iterator(*this) - base_iterator(other); } /// access to successor reference operator[](difference_type n) const { return *(this->operator+(n)); } /// return the key of an object iterator auto key() const -> decltype(std::declval().key()) { auto it = --this->base(); return it.key(); } /// return the value of an iterator reference value() const { auto it = --this->base(); return it.operator * (); } }; ///////////////////// // output adapters // ///////////////////// /// abstract output adapter interface template struct output_adapter_protocol { virtual void write_character(CharType c) = 0; virtual void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) = 0; virtual ~output_adapter_protocol() = default; }; /// a type to simplify interfaces template using output_adapter_t = std::shared_ptr>; /// output adapter for byte vectors template class output_vector_adapter : public output_adapter_protocol { public: explicit output_vector_adapter(std::vector& vec) : v(vec) {} void write_character(CharType c) override { v.push_back(c); } void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) override { std::copy(s, s + length, std::back_inserter(v)); } private: std::vector& v; }; /// output adapter for output streams template class output_stream_adapter : public output_adapter_protocol { public: explicit output_stream_adapter(std::basic_ostream& s) : stream(s) {} void write_character(CharType c) override { stream.put(c); } void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) override { stream.write(s, static_cast(length)); } private: std::basic_ostream& stream; }; /// output adapter for basic_string template class output_string_adapter : public output_adapter_protocol { public: explicit output_string_adapter(std::basic_string& s) : str(s) {} void write_character(CharType c) override { str.push_back(c); } void write_characters(const CharType* s, std::size_t length) override { str.append(s, length); } private: std::basic_string& str; }; template class output_adapter { public: output_adapter(std::vector& vec) : oa(std::make_shared>(vec)) {} output_adapter(std::basic_ostream& s) : oa(std::make_shared>(s)) {} output_adapter(std::basic_string& s) : oa(std::make_shared>(s)) {} operator output_adapter_t() { return oa; } private: output_adapter_t oa = nullptr; }; ////////////////////////////// // binary reader and writer // ////////////////////////////// /*! @brief deserialization of CBOR and MessagePack values */ template class binary_reader { using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t; using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t; public: /*! @brief create a binary reader @param[in] adapter input adapter to read from */ explicit binary_reader(input_adapter_t adapter) : ia(std::move(adapter)) { assert(ia); } /*! @brief create a JSON value from CBOR input @param[in] strict whether to expect the input to be consumed completed @return JSON value created from CBOR input @throw parse_error.110 if input ended unexpectedly or the end of file was not reached when @a strict was set to true @throw parse_error.112 if unsupported byte was read */ BasicJsonType parse_cbor(const bool strict) { const auto res = parse_cbor_internal(); if (strict) { get(); check_eof(true); } return res; } /*! @brief create a JSON value from MessagePack input @param[in] strict whether to expect the input to be consumed completed @return JSON value created from MessagePack input @throw parse_error.110 if input ended unexpectedly or the end of file was not reached when @a strict was set to true @throw parse_error.112 if unsupported byte was read */ BasicJsonType parse_msgpack(const bool strict) { const auto res = parse_msgpack_internal(); if (strict) { get(); check_eof(true); } return res; } /*! @brief determine system byte order @return true if and only if system's byte order is little endian @note from http://stackoverflow.com/a/1001328/266378 */ static constexpr bool little_endianess(int num = 1) noexcept { return (*reinterpret_cast(&num) == 1); } private: /*! @param[in] get_char whether a new character should be retrieved from the input (true, default) or whether the last read character should be considered instead */ BasicJsonType parse_cbor_internal(const bool get_char = true) { switch (get_char ? get() : current) { // EOF case std::char_traits::eof(): JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(110, chars_read, "unexpected end of input")); // Integer 0x00..0x17 (0..23) case 0x00: case 0x01: case 0x02: case 0x03: case 0x04: case 0x05: case 0x06: case 0x07: case 0x08: case 0x09: case 0x0A: case 0x0B: case 0x0C: case 0x0D: case 0x0E: case 0x0F: case 0x10: case 0x11: case 0x12: case 0x13: case 0x14: case 0x15: case 0x16: case 0x17: return static_cast(current); case 0x18: // Unsigned integer (one-byte uint8_t follows) return get_number(); case 0x19: // Unsigned integer (two-byte uint16_t follows) return get_number(); case 0x1A: // Unsigned integer (four-byte uint32_t follows) return get_number(); case 0x1B: // Unsigned integer (eight-byte uint64_t follows) return get_number(); // Negative integer -1-0x00..-1-0x17 (-1..-24) case 0x20: case 0x21: case 0x22: case 0x23: case 0x24: case 0x25: case 0x26: case 0x27: case 0x28: case 0x29: case 0x2A: case 0x2B: case 0x2C: case 0x2D: case 0x2E: case 0x2F: case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34: case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: return static_cast(0x20 - 1 - current); case 0x38: // Negative integer (one-byte uint8_t follows) { // must be uint8_t ! return static_cast(-1) - get_number(); } case 0x39: // Negative integer -1-n (two-byte uint16_t follows) { return static_cast(-1) - get_number(); } case 0x3A: // Negative integer -1-n (four-byte uint32_t follows) { return static_cast(-1) - get_number(); } case 0x3B: // Negative integer -1-n (eight-byte uint64_t follows) { return static_cast(-1) - static_cast(get_number()); } // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow) case 0x60: case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63: case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66: case 0x67: case 0x68: case 0x69: case 0x6A: case 0x6B: case 0x6C: case 0x6D: case 0x6E: case 0x6F: case 0x70: case 0x71: case 0x72: case 0x73: case 0x74: case 0x75: case 0x76: case 0x77: case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows) case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow) case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow) case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow) case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length) { return get_cbor_string(); } // array (0x00..0x17 data items follow) case 0x80: case 0x81: case 0x82: case 0x83: case 0x84: case 0x85: case 0x86: case 0x87: case 0x88: case 0x89: case 0x8A: case 0x8B: case 0x8C: case 0x8D: case 0x8E: case 0x8F: case 0x90: case 0x91: case 0x92: case 0x93: case 0x94: case 0x95: case 0x96: case 0x97: { return get_cbor_array(current & 0x1F); } case 0x98: // array (one-byte uint8_t for n follows) { return get_cbor_array(get_number()); } case 0x99: // array (two-byte uint16_t for n follow) { return get_cbor_array(get_number()); } case 0x9A: // array (four-byte uint32_t for n follow) { return get_cbor_array(get_number()); } case 0x9B: // array (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow) { return get_cbor_array(get_number()); } case 0x9F: // array (indefinite length) { BasicJsonType result = value_t::array; while (get() != 0xFF) { result.push_back(parse_cbor_internal(false)); } return result; } // map (0x00..0x17 pairs of data items follow) case 0xA0: case 0xA1: case 0xA2: case 0xA3: case 0xA4: case 0xA5: case 0xA6: case 0xA7: case 0xA8: case 0xA9: case 0xAA: case 0xAB: case 0xAC: case 0xAD: case 0xAE: case 0xAF: case 0xB0: case 0xB1: case 0xB2: case 0xB3: case 0xB4: case 0xB5: case 0xB6: case 0xB7: { return get_cbor_object(current & 0x1F); } case 0xB8: // map (one-byte uint8_t for n follows) { return get_cbor_object(get_number()); } case 0xB9: // map (two-byte uint16_t for n follow) { return get_cbor_object(get_number()); } case 0xBA: // map (four-byte uint32_t for n follow) { return get_cbor_object(get_number()); } case 0xBB: // map (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow) { return get_cbor_object(get_number()); } case 0xBF: // map (indefinite length) { BasicJsonType result = value_t::object; while (get() != 0xFF) { auto key = get_cbor_string(); result[key] = parse_cbor_internal(); } return result; } case 0xF4: // false { return false; } case 0xF5: // true { return true; } case 0xF6: // null { return value_t::null; } case 0xF9: // Half-Precision Float (two-byte IEEE 754) { const int byte1 = get(); check_eof(); const int byte2 = get(); check_eof(); // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3: // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added // to IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often // still only have limited support for them. It is very // easy to include at least decoding support for them even // without such support. An example of a small decoder for // half-precision floating-point numbers in the C language // is shown in Fig. 3. const int half = (byte1 << 8) + byte2; const int exp = (half >> 10) & 0x1F; const int mant = half & 0x3FF; double val; if (exp == 0) { val = std::ldexp(mant, -24); } else if (exp != 31) { val = std::ldexp(mant + 1024, exp - 25); } else { val = (mant == 0) ? std::numeric_limits::infinity() : std::numeric_limits::quiet_NaN(); } return (half & 0x8000) != 0 ? -val : val; } case 0xFA: // Single-Precision Float (four-byte IEEE 754) { return get_number(); } case 0xFB: // Double-Precision Float (eight-byte IEEE 754) { return get_number(); } default: // anything else (0xFF is handled inside the other types) { std::stringstream ss; ss << std::setw(2) << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << current; JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(112, chars_read, "error reading CBOR; last byte: 0x" + ss.str())); } } } BasicJsonType parse_msgpack_internal() { switch (get()) { // EOF case std::char_traits::eof(): JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(110, chars_read, "unexpected end of input")); // positive fixint case 0x00: case 0x01: case 0x02: case 0x03: case 0x04: case 0x05: case 0x06: case 0x07: case 0x08: case 0x09: case 0x0A: case 0x0B: case 0x0C: case 0x0D: case 0x0E: case 0x0F: case 0x10: case 0x11: case 0x12: case 0x13: case 0x14: case 0x15: case 0x16: case 0x17: case 0x18: case 0x19: case 0x1A: case 0x1B: case 0x1C: case 0x1D: case 0x1E: case 0x1F: case 0x20: case 0x21: case 0x22: case 0x23: case 0x24: case 0x25: case 0x26: case 0x27: case 0x28: case 0x29: case 0x2A: case 0x2B: case 0x2C: case 0x2D: case 0x2E: case 0x2F: case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34: case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39: case 0x3A: case 0x3B: case 0x3C: case 0x3D: case 0x3E: case 0x3F: case 0x40: case 0x41: case 0x42: case 0x43: case 0x44: case 0x45: case 0x46: case 0x47: case 0x48: case 0x49: case 0x4A: case 0x4B: case 0x4C: case 0x4D: case 0x4E: case 0x4F: case 0x50: case 0x51: case 0x52: case 0x53: case 0x54: case 0x55: case 0x56: case 0x57: case 0x58: case 0x59: case 0x5A: case 0x5B: case 0x5C: case 0x5D: case 0x5E: case 0x5F: case 0x60: case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63: case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66: case 0x67: case 0x68: case 0x69: case 0x6A: case 0x6B: case 0x6C: case 0x6D: case 0x6E: case 0x6F: case 0x70: case 0x71: case 0x72: case 0x73: case 0x74: case 0x75: case 0x76: case 0x77: case 0x78: case 0x79: case 0x7A: case 0x7B: case 0x7C: case 0x7D: case 0x7E: case 0x7F: return static_cast(current); // fixmap case 0x80: case 0x81: case 0x82: case 0x83: case 0x84: case 0x85: case 0x86: case 0x87: case 0x88: case 0x89: case 0x8A: case 0x8B: case 0x8C: case 0x8D: case 0x8E: case 0x8F: { return get_msgpack_object(current & 0x0F); } // fixarray case 0x90: case 0x91: case 0x92: case 0x93: case 0x94: case 0x95: case 0x96: case 0x97: case 0x98: case 0x99: case 0x9A: case 0x9B: case 0x9C: case 0x9D: case 0x9E: case 0x9F: { return get_msgpack_array(current & 0x0F); } // fixstr case 0xA0: case 0xA1: case 0xA2: case 0xA3: case 0xA4: case 0xA5: case 0xA6: case 0xA7: case 0xA8: case 0xA9: case 0xAA: case 0xAB: case 0xAC: case 0xAD: case 0xAE: case 0xAF: case 0xB0: case 0xB1: case 0xB2: case 0xB3: case 0xB4: case 0xB5: case 0xB6: case 0xB7: case 0xB8: case 0xB9: case 0xBA: case 0xBB: case 0xBC: case 0xBD: case 0xBE: case 0xBF: return get_msgpack_string(); case 0xC0: // nil return value_t::null; case 0xC2: // false return false; case 0xC3: // true return true; case 0xCA: // float 32 return get_number(); case 0xCB: // float 64 return get_number(); case 0xCC: // uint 8 return get_number(); case 0xCD: // uint 16 return get_number(); case 0xCE: // uint 32 return get_number(); case 0xCF: // uint 64 return get_number(); case 0xD0: // int 8 return get_number(); case 0xD1: // int 16 return get_number(); case 0xD2: // int 32 return get_number(); case 0xD3: // int 64 return get_number(); case 0xD9: // str 8 case 0xDA: // str 16 case 0xDB: // str 32 return get_msgpack_string(); case 0xDC: // array 16 { return get_msgpack_array(get_number()); } case 0xDD: // array 32 { return get_msgpack_array(get_number()); } case 0xDE: // map 16 { return get_msgpack_object(get_number()); } case 0xDF: // map 32 { return get_msgpack_object(get_number()); } // positive fixint case 0xE0: case 0xE1: case 0xE2: case 0xE3: case 0xE4: case 0xE5: case 0xE6: case 0xE7: case 0xE8: case 0xE9: case 0xEA: case 0xEB: case 0xEC: case 0xED: case 0xEE: case 0xEF: case 0xF0: case 0xF1: case 0xF2: case 0xF3: case 0xF4: case 0xF5: case 0xF6: case 0xF7: case 0xF8: case 0xF9: case 0xFA: case 0xFB: case 0xFC: case 0xFD: case 0xFE: case 0xFF: return static_cast(current); default: // anything else { std::stringstream ss; ss << std::setw(2) << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << current; JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(112, chars_read, "error reading MessagePack; last byte: 0x" + ss.str())); } } } /*! @brief get next character from the input This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a -'ve valued `std::char_traits::eof()` in that case. @return character read from the input */ int get() { ++chars_read; return (current = ia->get_character()); } /* @brief read a number from the input @tparam NumberType the type of the number @return number of type @a NumberType @note This function needs to respect the system's endianess, because bytes in CBOR and MessagePack are stored in network order (big endian) and therefore need reordering on little endian systems. @throw parse_error.110 if input has less than `sizeof(NumberType)` bytes */ template NumberType get_number() { // step 1: read input into array with system's byte order std::array vec; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(NumberType); ++i) { get(); check_eof(); // reverse byte order prior to conversion if necessary if (is_little_endian) { vec[sizeof(NumberType) - i - 1] = static_cast(current); } else { vec[i] = static_cast(current); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } } // step 2: convert array into number of type T and return NumberType result; std::memcpy(&result, vec.data(), sizeof(NumberType)); return result; } /*! @brief create a string by reading characters from the input @param[in] len number of bytes to read @note We can not reserve @a len bytes for the result, because @a len may be too large. Usually, @ref check_eof() detects the end of the input before we run out of string memory. @return string created by reading @a len bytes @throw parse_error.110 if input has less than @a len bytes */ template std::string get_string(const NumberType len) { std::string result; std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(result), len, [this]() { get(); check_eof(); return static_cast(current); }); return result; } /*! @brief reads a CBOR string This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string. Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported. @return string @throw parse_error.110 if input ended @throw parse_error.113 if an unexpected byte is read */ std::string get_cbor_string() { check_eof(); switch (current) { // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow) case 0x60: case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63: case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66: case 0x67: case 0x68: case 0x69: case 0x6A: case 0x6B: case 0x6C: case 0x6D: case 0x6E: case 0x6F: case 0x70: case 0x71: case 0x72: case 0x73: case 0x74: case 0x75: case 0x76: case 0x77: { return get_string(current & 0x1F); } case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows) { return get_string(get_number()); } case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow) { return get_string(get_number()); } case 0x7A: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow) { return get_string(get_number()); } case 0x7B: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow) { return get_string(get_number()); } case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length) { std::string result; while (get() != 0xFF) { check_eof(); result.push_back(static_cast(current)); } return result; } default: { std::stringstream ss; ss << std::setw(2) << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << current; JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(113, chars_read, "expected a CBOR string; last byte: 0x" + ss.str())); } } } template BasicJsonType get_cbor_array(const NumberType len) { BasicJsonType result = value_t::array; std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(*result.m_value.array), len, [this]() { return parse_cbor_internal(); }); return result; } template BasicJsonType get_cbor_object(const NumberType len) { BasicJsonType result = value_t::object; std::generate_n(std::inserter(*result.m_value.object, result.m_value.object->end()), len, [this]() { get(); auto key = get_cbor_string(); auto val = parse_cbor_internal(); return std::make_pair(std::move(key), std::move(val)); }); return result; } /*! @brief reads a MessagePack string This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string. @return string @throw parse_error.110 if input ended @throw parse_error.113 if an unexpected byte is read */ std::string get_msgpack_string() { check_eof(); switch (current) { // fixstr case 0xA0: case 0xA1: case 0xA2: case 0xA3: case 0xA4: case 0xA5: case 0xA6: case 0xA7: case 0xA8: case 0xA9: case 0xAA: case 0xAB: case 0xAC: case 0xAD: case 0xAE: case 0xAF: case 0xB0: case 0xB1: case 0xB2: case 0xB3: case 0xB4: case 0xB5: case 0xB6: case 0xB7: case 0xB8: case 0xB9: case 0xBA: case 0xBB: case 0xBC: case 0xBD: case 0xBE: case 0xBF: { return get_string(current & 0x1F); } case 0xD9: // str 8 { return get_string(get_number()); } case 0xDA: // str 16 { return get_string(get_number()); } case 0xDB: // str 32 { return get_string(get_number()); } default: { std::stringstream ss; ss << std::setw(2) << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << current; JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(113, chars_read, "expected a MessagePack string; last byte: 0x" + ss.str())); } } } template BasicJsonType get_msgpack_array(const NumberType len) { BasicJsonType result = value_t::array; std::generate_n(std::back_inserter(*result.m_value.array), len, [this]() { return parse_msgpack_internal(); }); return result; } template BasicJsonType get_msgpack_object(const NumberType len) { BasicJsonType result = value_t::object; std::generate_n(std::inserter(*result.m_value.object, result.m_value.object->end()), len, [this]() { get(); auto key = get_msgpack_string(); auto val = parse_msgpack_internal(); return std::make_pair(std::move(key), std::move(val)); }); return result; } /*! @brief check if input ended @throw parse_error.110 if input ended */ void check_eof(const bool expect_eof = false) const { if (expect_eof) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(current != std::char_traits::eof())) { JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(110, chars_read, "expected end of input")); } } else { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(current == std::char_traits::eof())) { JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(110, chars_read, "unexpected end of input")); } } } private: /// input adapter input_adapter_t ia = nullptr; /// the current character int current = std::char_traits::eof(); /// the number of characters read std::size_t chars_read = 0; /// whether we can assume little endianess const bool is_little_endian = little_endianess(); }; /*! @brief serialization to CBOR and MessagePack values */ template class binary_writer { public: /*! @brief create a binary writer @param[in] adapter output adapter to write to */ explicit binary_writer(output_adapter_t adapter) : oa(adapter) { assert(oa); } /*! @brief[in] j JSON value to serialize */ void write_cbor(const BasicJsonType& j) { switch (j.type()) { case value_t::null: { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xF6)); break; } case value_t::boolean: { oa->write_character(j.m_value.boolean ? static_cast(0xF5) : static_cast(0xF4)); break; } case value_t::number_integer: { if (j.m_value.number_integer >= 0) { // CBOR does not differentiate between positive signed // integers and unsigned integers. Therefore, we used the // code from the value_t::number_unsigned case here. if (j.m_value.number_integer <= 0x17) { write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x18)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x19)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x1A)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x1B)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } } else { // The conversions below encode the sign in the first // byte, and the value is converted to a positive number. const auto positive_number = -1 - j.m_value.number_integer; if (j.m_value.number_integer >= -24) { write_number(static_cast(0x20 + positive_number)); } else if (positive_number <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x38)); write_number(static_cast(positive_number)); } else if (positive_number <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x39)); write_number(static_cast(positive_number)); } else if (positive_number <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x3A)); write_number(static_cast(positive_number)); } else { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x3B)); write_number(static_cast(positive_number)); } } break; } case value_t::number_unsigned: { if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= 0x17) { write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_unsigned)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x18)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_unsigned)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x19)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_unsigned)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x1A)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_unsigned)); } else { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x1B)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_unsigned)); } break; } case value_t::number_float: // Double-Precision Float { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xFB)); write_number(j.m_value.number_float); break; } case value_t::string: { // step 1: write control byte and the string length const auto N = j.m_value.string->size(); if (N <= 0x17) { write_number(static_cast(0x60 + N)); } else if (N <= 0xFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x78)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x79)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFFFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x7A)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // LCOV_EXCL_START else if (N <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x7B)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // LCOV_EXCL_STOP // step 2: write the string oa->write_characters( reinterpret_cast(j.m_value.string->c_str()), j.m_value.string->size()); break; } case value_t::array: { // step 1: write control byte and the array size const auto N = j.m_value.array->size(); if (N <= 0x17) { write_number(static_cast(0x80 + N)); } else if (N <= 0xFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x98)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x99)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFFFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x9A)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // LCOV_EXCL_START else if (N <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0x9B)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // LCOV_EXCL_STOP // step 2: write each element for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.array) { write_cbor(el); } break; } case value_t::object: { // step 1: write control byte and the object size const auto N = j.m_value.object->size(); if (N <= 0x17) { write_number(static_cast(0xA0 + N)); } else if (N <= 0xFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xB8)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xB9)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFFFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xBA)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // LCOV_EXCL_START else if (N <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xBB)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // LCOV_EXCL_STOP // step 2: write each element for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.object) { write_cbor(el.first); write_cbor(el.second); } break; } default: break; } } /*! @brief[in] j JSON value to serialize */ void write_msgpack(const BasicJsonType& j) { switch (j.type()) { case value_t::null: // nil { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xC0)); break; } case value_t::boolean: // true and false { oa->write_character(j.m_value.boolean ? static_cast(0xC3) : static_cast(0xC2)); break; } case value_t::number_integer: { if (j.m_value.number_integer >= 0) { // MessagePack does not differentiate between positive // signed integers and unsigned integers. Therefore, we used // the code from the value_t::number_unsigned case here. if (j.m_value.number_unsigned < 128) { // positive fixnum write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 8 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCC)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 16 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCD)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 32 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCE)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 64 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCF)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } } else { if (j.m_value.number_integer >= -32) { // negative fixnum write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits::min)() and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // int 8 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xD0)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits::min)() and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // int 16 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xD1)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits::min)() and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // int 32 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xD2)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= (std::numeric_limits::min)() and j.m_value.number_integer <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // int 64 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xD3)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } } break; } case value_t::number_unsigned: { if (j.m_value.number_unsigned < 128) { // positive fixnum write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 8 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCC)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 16 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCD)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 32 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCE)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= (std::numeric_limits::max)()) { // uint 64 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCF)); write_number(static_cast(j.m_value.number_integer)); } break; } case value_t::number_float: // float 64 { oa->write_character(static_cast(0xCB)); write_number(j.m_value.number_float); break; } case value_t::string: { // step 1: write control byte and the string length const auto N = j.m_value.string->size(); if (N <= 31) { // fixstr write_number(static_cast(0xA0 | N)); } else if (N <= 255) { // str 8 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xD9)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 65535) { // str 16 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xDA)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 4294967295) { // str 32 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xDB)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // step 2: write the string oa->write_characters( reinterpret_cast(j.m_value.string->c_str()), j.m_value.string->size()); break; } case value_t::array: { // step 1: write control byte and the array size const auto N = j.m_value.array->size(); if (N <= 15) { // fixarray write_number(static_cast(0x90 | N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFF) { // array 16 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xDC)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 0xFFFFFFFF) { // array 32 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xDD)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // step 2: write each element for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.array) { write_msgpack(el); } break; } case value_t::object: { // step 1: write control byte and the object size const auto N = j.m_value.object->size(); if (N <= 15) { // fixmap write_number(static_cast(0x80 | (N & 0xF))); } else if (N <= 65535) { // map 16 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xDE)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } else if (N <= 4294967295) { // map 32 oa->write_character(static_cast(0xDF)); write_number(static_cast(N)); } // step 2: write each element for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.object) { write_msgpack(el.first); write_msgpack(el.second); } break; } default: break; } } private: /* @brief write a number to output input @param[in] n number of type @a NumberType @tparam NumberType the type of the number @note This function needs to respect the system's endianess, because bytes in CBOR and MessagePack are stored in network order (big endian) and therefore need reordering on little endian systems. */ template void write_number(NumberType n) { // step 1: write number to array of length NumberType std::array vec; std::memcpy(vec.data(), &n, sizeof(NumberType)); // step 2: write array to output (with possible reordering) if (is_little_endian) { // reverse byte order prior to conversion if necessary std::reverse(vec.begin(), vec.end()); } oa->write_characters(vec.data(), sizeof(NumberType)); } private: /// whether we can assume little endianess const bool is_little_endian = binary_reader::little_endianess(); /// the output output_adapter_t oa = nullptr; }; /////////////////// // serialization // /////////////////// template class serializer { using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t; using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t; using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t; using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t; public: /*! @param[in] s output stream to serialize to @param[in] ichar indentation character to use */ serializer(output_adapter_t s, const char ichar) : o(std::move(s)), loc(std::localeconv()), thousands_sep(loc->thousands_sep == nullptr ? '\0' : * (loc->thousands_sep)), decimal_point(loc->decimal_point == nullptr ? '\0' : * (loc->decimal_point)), indent_char(ichar), indent_string(512, indent_char) {} // delete because of pointer members serializer(const serializer&) = delete; serializer& operator=(const serializer&) = delete; /*! @brief internal implementation of the serialization function This function is called by the public member function dump and organizes the serialization internally. The indentation level is propagated as additional parameter. In case of arrays and objects, the function is called recursively. - strings and object keys are escaped using `escape_string()` - integer numbers are converted implicitly via `operator<<` - floating-point numbers are converted to a string using `"%g"` format @param[in] val value to serialize @param[in] pretty_print whether the output shall be pretty-printed @param[in] indent_step the indent level @param[in] current_indent the current indent level (only used internally) */ void dump(const BasicJsonType& val, const bool pretty_print, const bool ensure_ascii, const unsigned int indent_step, const unsigned int current_indent = 0) { switch (val.m_type) { case value_t::object: { if (val.m_value.object->empty()) { o->write_characters("{}", 2); return; } if (pretty_print) { o->write_characters("{\n", 2); // variable to hold indentation for recursive calls const auto new_indent = current_indent + indent_step; if (JSON_UNLIKELY(indent_string.size() < new_indent)) { indent_string.resize(indent_string.size() * 2, ' '); } // first n-1 elements auto i = val.m_value.object->cbegin(); for (std::size_t cnt = 0; cnt < val.m_value.object->size() - 1; ++cnt, ++i) { o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent); o->write_character('\"'); dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii); o->write_characters("\": ", 3); dump(i->second, true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent); o->write_characters(",\n", 2); } // last element assert(i != val.m_value.object->cend()); assert(std::next(i) == val.m_value.object->cend()); o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent); o->write_character('\"'); dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii); o->write_characters("\": ", 3); dump(i->second, true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent); o->write_character('\n'); o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), current_indent); o->write_character('}'); } else { o->write_character('{'); // first n-1 elements auto i = val.m_value.object->cbegin(); for (std::size_t cnt = 0; cnt < val.m_value.object->size() - 1; ++cnt, ++i) { o->write_character('\"'); dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii); o->write_characters("\":", 2); dump(i->second, false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent); o->write_character(','); } // last element assert(i != val.m_value.object->cend()); assert(std::next(i) == val.m_value.object->cend()); o->write_character('\"'); dump_escaped(i->first, ensure_ascii); o->write_characters("\":", 2); dump(i->second, false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent); o->write_character('}'); } return; } case value_t::array: { if (val.m_value.array->empty()) { o->write_characters("[]", 2); return; } if (pretty_print) { o->write_characters("[\n", 2); // variable to hold indentation for recursive calls const auto new_indent = current_indent + indent_step; if (JSON_UNLIKELY(indent_string.size() < new_indent)) { indent_string.resize(indent_string.size() * 2, ' '); } // first n-1 elements for (auto i = val.m_value.array->cbegin(); i != val.m_value.array->cend() - 1; ++i) { o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent); dump(*i, true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent); o->write_characters(",\n", 2); } // last element assert(not val.m_value.array->empty()); o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), new_indent); dump(val.m_value.array->back(), true, ensure_ascii, indent_step, new_indent); o->write_character('\n'); o->write_characters(indent_string.c_str(), current_indent); o->write_character(']'); } else { o->write_character('['); // first n-1 elements for (auto i = val.m_value.array->cbegin(); i != val.m_value.array->cend() - 1; ++i) { dump(*i, false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent); o->write_character(','); } // last element assert(not val.m_value.array->empty()); dump(val.m_value.array->back(), false, ensure_ascii, indent_step, current_indent); o->write_character(']'); } return; } case value_t::string: { o->write_character('\"'); dump_escaped(*val.m_value.string, ensure_ascii); o->write_character('\"'); return; } case value_t::boolean: { if (val.m_value.boolean) { o->write_characters("true", 4); } else { o->write_characters("false", 5); } return; } case value_t::number_integer: { dump_integer(val.m_value.number_integer); return; } case value_t::number_unsigned: { dump_integer(val.m_value.number_unsigned); return; } case value_t::number_float: { dump_float(val.m_value.number_float); return; } case value_t::discarded: { o->write_characters("", 11); return; } case value_t::null: { o->write_characters("null", 4); return; } } } private: /*! @brief returns the number of expected bytes following in UTF-8 string @param[in] u the first byte of a UTF-8 string @return the number of expected bytes following */ static constexpr std::size_t bytes_following(const uint8_t u) { return ((u <= 127) ? 0 : ((192 <= u and u <= 223) ? 1 : ((224 <= u and u <= 239) ? 2 : ((240 <= u and u <= 247) ? 3 : std::string::npos)))); } /*! @brief calculates the extra space to escape a JSON string @param[in] s the string to escape @param[in] ensure_ascii whether to escape non-ASCII characters with \uXXXX sequences @return the number of characters required to escape string @a s @complexity Linear in the length of string @a s. */ static std::size_t extra_space(const string_t& s, const bool ensure_ascii) noexcept { std::size_t res = 0; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) { switch (s[i]) { // control characters that can be escaped with a backslash case '"': case '\\': case '\b': case '\f': case '\n': case '\r': case '\t': { // from c (1 byte) to \x (2 bytes) res += 1; break; } // control characters that need \uxxxx escaping case 0x00: case 0x01: case 0x02: case 0x03: case 0x04: case 0x05: case 0x06: case 0x07: case 0x0B: case 0x0E: case 0x0F: case 0x10: case 0x11: case 0x12: case 0x13: case 0x14: case 0x15: case 0x16: case 0x17: case 0x18: case 0x19: case 0x1A: case 0x1B: case 0x1C: case 0x1D: case 0x1E: case 0x1F: { // from c (1 byte) to \uxxxx (6 bytes) res += 5; break; } default: { if (ensure_ascii and (s[i] & 0x80 or s[i] == 0x7F)) { const auto bytes = bytes_following(static_cast(s[i])); // invalid characters will be detected by throw_if_invalid_utf8 assert (bytes != std::string::npos); if (bytes == 3) { // codepoints that need 4 bytes (i.e., 3 additional // bytes) in UTF-8 need a surrogate pair when \u // escaping is used: from 4 bytes to \uxxxx\uxxxx // (12 bytes) res += (12 - bytes - 1); } else { // from x bytes to \uxxxx (6 bytes) res += (6 - bytes - 1); } // skip the additional bytes i += bytes; } break; } } } return res; } static void escape_codepoint(int codepoint, string_t& result, std::size_t& pos) { // expecting a proper codepoint assert(0x00 <= codepoint and codepoint <= 0x10FFFF); // the last written character was the backslash before the 'u' assert(result[pos] == '\\'); // write the 'u' result[++pos] = 'u'; // convert a number 0..15 to its hex representation (0..f) static const std::array hexify = { { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' } }; if (codepoint < 0x10000) { // codepoints U+0000..U+FFFF can be represented as \uxxxx. result[++pos] = hexify[(codepoint >> 12) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[(codepoint >> 8) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[(codepoint >> 4) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[codepoint & 0x0F]; } else { // codepoints U+10000..U+10FFFF need a surrogate pair to be // represented as \uxxxx\uxxxx. // http://www.unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html#utf16-4 codepoint -= 0x10000; const int high_surrogate = 0xD800 | ((codepoint >> 10) & 0x3FF); const int low_surrogate = 0xDC00 | (codepoint & 0x3FF); result[++pos] = hexify[(high_surrogate >> 12) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[(high_surrogate >> 8) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[(high_surrogate >> 4) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[high_surrogate & 0x0F]; ++pos; // backslash is already in output result[++pos] = 'u'; result[++pos] = hexify[(low_surrogate >> 12) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[(low_surrogate >> 8) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[(low_surrogate >> 4) & 0x0F]; result[++pos] = hexify[low_surrogate & 0x0F]; } ++pos; } /*! @brief dump escaped string Escape a string by replacing certain special characters by a sequence of an escape character (backslash) and another character and other control characters by a sequence of "\u" followed by a four-digit hex representation. The escaped string is written to output stream @a o. @param[in] s the string to escape @param[in] ensure_ascii whether to escape non-ASCII characters with \uXXXX sequences @complexity Linear in the length of string @a s. */ void dump_escaped(const string_t& s, const bool ensure_ascii) const { throw_if_invalid_utf8(s); const auto space = extra_space(s, ensure_ascii); if (space == 0) { o->write_characters(s.c_str(), s.size()); return; } // create a result string of necessary size string_t result(s.size() + space, '\\'); std::size_t pos = 0; for (std::size_t i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) { switch (s[i]) { case '"': // quotation mark (0x22) { result[pos + 1] = '"'; pos += 2; break; } case '\\': // reverse solidus (0x5C) { // nothing to change pos += 2; break; } case '\b': // backspace (0x08) { result[pos + 1] = 'b'; pos += 2; break; } case '\f': // formfeed (0x0C) { result[pos + 1] = 'f'; pos += 2; break; } case '\n': // newline (0x0A) { result[pos + 1] = 'n'; pos += 2; break; } case '\r': // carriage return (0x0D) { result[pos + 1] = 'r'; pos += 2; break; } case '\t': // horizontal tab (0x09) { result[pos + 1] = 't'; pos += 2; break; } default: { // escape control characters (0x00..0x1F) or, if // ensure_ascii parameter is used, non-ASCII characters if ((0x00 <= s[i] and s[i] <= 0x1F) or (ensure_ascii and (s[i] & 0x80 or s[i] == 0x7F))) { const auto bytes = bytes_following(static_cast(s[i])); // invalid characters will be detected by throw_if_invalid_utf8 assert (bytes != std::string::npos); // check that the additional bytes are present assert(i + bytes < s.size()); // to use \uxxxx escaping, we first need to calculate // the codepoint from the UTF-8 bytes int codepoint = 0; // bytes is unsigned type: assert(bytes <= 3); switch (bytes) { case 0: { codepoint = s[i] & 0xFF; break; } case 1: { codepoint = ((s[i] & 0x3F) << 6) + (s[i + 1] & 0x7F); break; } case 2: { codepoint = ((s[i] & 0x1F) << 12) + ((s[i + 1] & 0x7F) << 6) + (s[i + 2] & 0x7F); break; } case 3: { codepoint = ((s[i] & 0xF) << 18) + ((s[i + 1] & 0x7F) << 12) + ((s[i + 2] & 0x7F) << 6) + (s[i + 3] & 0x7F); break; } default: break; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } escape_codepoint(codepoint, result, pos); i += bytes; } else { // all other characters are added as-is result[pos++] = s[i]; } break; } } } assert(pos == result.size()); o->write_characters(result.c_str(), result.size()); } /*! @brief dump an integer Dump a given integer to output stream @a o. Works internally with @a number_buffer. @param[in] x integer number (signed or unsigned) to dump @tparam NumberType either @a number_integer_t or @a number_unsigned_t */ template::value or std::is_same::value, int> = 0> void dump_integer(NumberType x) { // special case for "0" if (x == 0) { o->write_character('0'); return; } const bool is_negative = (x <= 0) and (x != 0); // see issue #755 std::size_t i = 0; while (x != 0) { // spare 1 byte for '\0' assert(i < number_buffer.size() - 1); const auto digit = std::labs(static_cast(x % 10)); number_buffer[i++] = static_cast('0' + digit); x /= 10; } if (is_negative) { // make sure there is capacity for the '-' assert(i < number_buffer.size() - 2); number_buffer[i++] = '-'; } std::reverse(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.begin() + i); o->write_characters(number_buffer.data(), i); } /*! @brief dump a floating-point number Dump a given floating-point number to output stream @a o. Works internally with @a number_buffer. @param[in] x floating-point number to dump */ void dump_float(number_float_t x) { // NaN / inf if (not std::isfinite(x) or std::isnan(x)) { o->write_characters("null", 4); return; } // get number of digits for a text -> float -> text round-trip static constexpr auto d = std::numeric_limits::digits10; // the actual conversion std::ptrdiff_t len = snprintf(number_buffer.data(), number_buffer.size(), "%.*g", d, x); // negative value indicates an error assert(len > 0); // check if buffer was large enough assert(static_cast(len) < number_buffer.size()); // erase thousands separator if (thousands_sep != '\0') { const auto end = std::remove(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.begin() + len, thousands_sep); std::fill(end, number_buffer.end(), '\0'); assert((end - number_buffer.begin()) <= len); len = (end - number_buffer.begin()); } // convert decimal point to '.' if (decimal_point != '\0' and decimal_point != '.') { const auto dec_pos = std::find(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.end(), decimal_point); if (dec_pos != number_buffer.end()) { *dec_pos = '.'; } } o->write_characters(number_buffer.data(), static_cast(len)); // determine if need to append ".0" const bool value_is_int_like = std::none_of(number_buffer.begin(), number_buffer.begin() + len + 1, [](char c) { return (c == '.' or c == 'e'); }); if (value_is_int_like) { o->write_characters(".0", 2); } } /*! @brief check whether a string is UTF-8 encoded The function checks each byte of a string whether it is UTF-8 encoded. The result of the check is stored in the @a state parameter. The function must be called initially with state 0 (accept). State 1 means the string must be rejected, because the current byte is not allowed. If the string is completely processed, but the state is non-zero, the string ended prematurely; that is, the last byte indicated more bytes should have followed. @param[in,out] state the state of the decoding @param[in] byte next byte to decode @note The function has been edited: a std::array is used and the code point is not calculated. @copyright Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Bjoern Hoehrmann @sa http://bjoern.hoehrmann.de/utf-8/decoder/dfa/ */ static void decode(uint8_t& state, const uint8_t byte) { static const std::array utf8d = { { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 00..1F 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 20..3F 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 40..5F 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 60..7F 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, // 80..9F 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, // A0..BF 8, 8, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, // C0..DF 0xA, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x3, 0x4, 0x3, 0x3, // E0..EF 0xB, 0x6, 0x6, 0x6, 0x5, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, 0x8, // F0..FF 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x5, 0x8, 0x7, 0x1, 0x1, 0x1, 0x4, 0x6, 0x1, 0x1, 0x1, 0x1, // s0..s0 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // s1..s2 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // s3..s4 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // s5..s6 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 // s7..s8 } }; const uint8_t type = utf8d[byte]; state = utf8d[256u + state * 16u + type]; } /*! @brief throw an exception if a string is not UTF-8 encoded @param[in] str UTF-8 string to check @throw type_error.316 if passed string is not UTF-8 encoded @since version 3.0.0 */ static void throw_if_invalid_utf8(const std::string& str) { // start with state 0 (= accept) uint8_t state = 0; for (size_t i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) { const auto byte = static_cast(str[i]); decode(state, byte); if (state == 1) { // state 1 means reject std::stringstream ss; ss << std::setw(2) << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << static_cast(byte); JSON_THROW(type_error::create(316, "invalid UTF-8 byte at index " + std::to_string(i) + ": 0x" + ss.str())); } } if (state != 0) { // we finish reading, but do not accept: string was incomplete std::stringstream ss; ss << std::setw(2) << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << static_cast(static_cast(str.back())); JSON_THROW(type_error::create(316, "incomplete UTF-8 string; last byte: 0x" + ss.str())); } } private: /// the output of the serializer output_adapter_t o = nullptr; /// a (hopefully) large enough character buffer std::array number_buffer{{}}; /// the locale const std::lconv* loc = nullptr; /// the locale's thousand separator character const char thousands_sep = '\0'; /// the locale's decimal point character const char decimal_point = '\0'; /// the indentation character const char indent_char; /// the indentation string string_t indent_string; }; template class json_ref { public: using value_type = BasicJsonType; json_ref(value_type&& value) : owned_value(std::move(value)), value_ref(&owned_value), is_rvalue(true) {} json_ref(const value_type& value) : value_ref(const_cast(&value)), is_rvalue(false) {} json_ref(std::initializer_list init) : owned_value(init), value_ref(&owned_value), is_rvalue(true) {} template json_ref(Args&& ... args) : owned_value(std::forward(args)...), value_ref(&owned_value), is_rvalue(true) {} // class should be movable only json_ref(json_ref&&) = default; json_ref(const json_ref&) = delete; json_ref& operator=(const json_ref&) = delete; value_type moved_or_copied() const { if (is_rvalue) { return std::move(*value_ref); } return *value_ref; } value_type const& operator*() const { return *static_cast(value_ref); } value_type const* operator->() const { return static_cast(value_ref); } private: mutable value_type owned_value = nullptr; value_type* value_ref = nullptr; const bool is_rvalue; }; } // namespace detail /// namespace to hold default `to_json` / `from_json` functions namespace { constexpr const auto& to_json = detail::static_const::value; constexpr const auto& from_json = detail::static_const::value; } /*! @brief default JSONSerializer template argument This serializer ignores the template arguments and uses ADL ([argument-dependent lookup](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/adl)) for serialization. */ template struct adl_serializer { /*! @brief convert a JSON value to any value type This function is usually called by the `get()` function of the @ref basic_json class (either explicit or via conversion operators). @param[in] j JSON value to read from @param[in,out] val value to write to */ template static void from_json(BasicJsonType&& j, ValueType& val) noexcept( noexcept(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward(j), val))) { ::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward(j), val); } /*! @brief convert any value type to a JSON value This function is usually called by the constructors of the @ref basic_json class. @param[in,out] j JSON value to write to @param[in] val value to read from */ template static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, ValueType&& val) noexcept( noexcept(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward(val)))) { ::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward(val)); } }; /*! @brief JSON Pointer A JSON pointer defines a string syntax for identifying a specific value within a JSON document. It can be used with functions `at` and `operator[]`. Furthermore, JSON pointers are the base for JSON patches. @sa [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901) @since version 2.0.0 */ class json_pointer { /// allow basic_json to access private members NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION friend class basic_json; public: /*! @brief create JSON pointer Create a JSON pointer according to the syntax described in [Section 3 of RFC6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901#section-3). @param[in] s string representing the JSON pointer; if omitted, the empty string is assumed which references the whole JSON value @throw parse_error.107 if the given JSON pointer @a s is nonempty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); see example below @throw parse_error.108 if a tilde (`~`) in the given JSON pointer @a s is not followed by `0` (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); see example below @liveexample{The example shows the construction several valid JSON pointers as well as the exceptional behavior.,json_pointer} @since version 2.0.0 */ explicit json_pointer(const std::string& s = "") : reference_tokens(split(s)) {} /*! @brief return a string representation of the JSON pointer @invariant For each JSON pointer `ptr`, it holds: @code {.cpp} ptr == json_pointer(ptr.to_string()); @endcode @return a string representation of the JSON pointer @liveexample{The example shows the result of `to_string`., json_pointer__to_string} @since version 2.0.0 */ std::string to_string() const noexcept { return std::accumulate(reference_tokens.begin(), reference_tokens.end(), std::string{}, [](const std::string & a, const std::string & b) { return a + "/" + escape(b); }); } /// @copydoc to_string() operator std::string() const { return to_string(); } /*! @param[in] s reference token to be converted into an array index @return integer representation of @a s @throw out_of_range.404 if string @a s could not be converted to an integer */ static int array_index(const std::string& s) { size_t processed_chars = 0; const int res = std::stoi(s, &processed_chars); // check if the string was completely read if (JSON_UNLIKELY(processed_chars != s.size())) { JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, "unresolved reference token '" + s + "'")); } return res; } private: /*! @brief remove and return last reference pointer @throw out_of_range.405 if JSON pointer has no parent */ std::string pop_back() { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(is_root())) { JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(405, "JSON pointer has no parent")); } auto last = reference_tokens.back(); reference_tokens.pop_back(); return last; } /// return whether pointer points to the root document bool is_root() const { return reference_tokens.empty(); } json_pointer top() const { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(is_root())) { JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(405, "JSON pointer has no parent")); } json_pointer result = *this; result.reference_tokens = {reference_tokens[0]}; return result; } /*! @brief create and return a reference to the pointed to value @complexity Linear in the number of reference tokens. @throw parse_error.109 if array index is not a number @throw type_error.313 if value cannot be unflattened */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& get_and_create(NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j) const; /*! @brief return a reference to the pointed to value @note This version does not throw if a value is not present, but tries to create nested values instead. For instance, calling this function with pointer `"/this/that"` on a null value is equivalent to calling `operator[]("this").operator[]("that")` on that value, effectively changing the null value to an object. @param[in] ptr a JSON value @return reference to the JSON value pointed to by the JSON pointer @complexity Linear in the length of the JSON pointer. @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0' @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& get_unchecked(NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const; /*! @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0' @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& get_checked(NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const; /*! @brief return a const reference to the pointed to value @param[in] ptr a JSON value @return const reference to the JSON value pointed to by the JSON pointer @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0' @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& get_unchecked(const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const; /*! @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0' @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& get_checked(const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const; /*! @brief split the string input to reference tokens @note This function is only called by the json_pointer constructor. All exceptions below are documented there. @throw parse_error.107 if the pointer is not empty or begins with '/' @throw parse_error.108 if character '~' is not followed by '0' or '1' */ static std::vector split(const std::string& reference_string) { std::vector result; // special case: empty reference string -> no reference tokens if (reference_string.empty()) { return result; } // check if nonempty reference string begins with slash if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_string[0] != '/')) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(107, 1, "JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: '" + reference_string + "'")); } // extract the reference tokens: // - slash: position of the last read slash (or end of string) // - start: position after the previous slash for ( // search for the first slash after the first character std::size_t slash = reference_string.find_first_of('/', 1), // set the beginning of the first reference token start = 1; // we can stop if start == string::npos+1 = 0 start != 0; // set the beginning of the next reference token // (will eventually be 0 if slash == std::string::npos) start = slash + 1, // find next slash slash = reference_string.find_first_of('/', start)) { // use the text between the beginning of the reference token // (start) and the last slash (slash). auto reference_token = reference_string.substr(start, slash - start); // check reference tokens are properly escaped for (std::size_t pos = reference_token.find_first_of('~'); pos != std::string::npos; pos = reference_token.find_first_of('~', pos + 1)) { assert(reference_token[pos] == '~'); // ~ must be followed by 0 or 1 if (JSON_UNLIKELY(pos == reference_token.size() - 1 or (reference_token[pos + 1] != '0' and reference_token[pos + 1] != '1'))) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(108, 0, "escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'")); } } // finally, store the reference token unescape(reference_token); result.push_back(reference_token); } return result; } /*! @brief replace all occurrences of a substring by another string @param[in,out] s the string to manipulate; changed so that all occurrences of @a f are replaced with @a t @param[in] f the substring to replace with @a t @param[in] t the string to replace @a f @pre The search string @a f must not be empty. **This precondition is enforced with an assertion.** @since version 2.0.0 */ static void replace_substring(std::string& s, const std::string& f, const std::string& t) { assert(not f.empty()); for (auto pos = s.find(f); // find first occurrence of f pos != std::string::npos; // make sure f was found s.replace(pos, f.size(), t), // replace with t, and pos = s.find(f, pos + t.size())) // find next occurrence of f {} } /// escape "~"" to "~0" and "/" to "~1" static std::string escape(std::string s) { replace_substring(s, "~", "~0"); replace_substring(s, "/", "~1"); return s; } /// unescape "~1" to tilde and "~0" to slash (order is important!) static void unescape(std::string& s) { replace_substring(s, "~1", "/"); replace_substring(s, "~0", "~"); } /*! @param[in] reference_string the reference string to the current value @param[in] value the value to consider @param[in,out] result the result object to insert values to @note Empty objects or arrays are flattened to `null`. */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION static void flatten(const std::string& reference_string, const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& value, NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& result); /*! @param[in] value flattened JSON @return unflattened JSON @throw parse_error.109 if array index is not a number @throw type_error.314 if value is not an object @throw type_error.315 if object values are not primitive @throw type_error.313 if value cannot be unflattened */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION static NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL unflatten(const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& value); friend bool operator==(json_pointer const& lhs, json_pointer const& rhs) noexcept; friend bool operator!=(json_pointer const& lhs, json_pointer const& rhs) noexcept; /// the reference tokens std::vector reference_tokens; }; /*! @brief a class to store JSON values @tparam ObjectType type for JSON objects (`std::map` by default; will be used in @ref object_t) @tparam ArrayType type for JSON arrays (`std::vector` by default; will be used in @ref array_t) @tparam StringType type for JSON strings and object keys (`std::string` by default; will be used in @ref string_t) @tparam BooleanType type for JSON booleans (`bool` by default; will be used in @ref boolean_t) @tparam NumberIntegerType type for JSON integer numbers (`int64_t` by default; will be used in @ref number_integer_t) @tparam NumberUnsignedType type for JSON unsigned integer numbers (@c `uint64_t` by default; will be used in @ref number_unsigned_t) @tparam NumberFloatType type for JSON floating-point numbers (`double` by default; will be used in @ref number_float_t) @tparam AllocatorType type of the allocator to use (`std::allocator` by default) @tparam JSONSerializer the serializer to resolve internal calls to `to_json()` and `from_json()` (@ref adl_serializer by default) @requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements: - Basic - [DefaultConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/DefaultConstructible): JSON values can be default constructed. The result will be a JSON null value. - [MoveConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/MoveConstructible): A JSON value can be constructed from an rvalue argument. - [CopyConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyConstructible): A JSON value can be copy-constructed from an lvalue expression. - [MoveAssignable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/MoveAssignable): A JSON value van be assigned from an rvalue argument. - [CopyAssignable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyAssignable): A JSON value can be copy-assigned from an lvalue expression. - [Destructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Destructible): JSON values can be destructed. - Layout - [StandardLayoutType](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/StandardLayoutType): JSON values have [standard layout](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/data_members#Standard_layout): All non-static data members are private and standard layout types, the class has no virtual functions or (virtual) base classes. - Library-wide - [EqualityComparable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/EqualityComparable): JSON values can be compared with `==`, see @ref operator==(const_reference,const_reference). - [LessThanComparable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/LessThanComparable): JSON values can be compared with `<`, see @ref operator<(const_reference,const_reference). - [Swappable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Swappable): Any JSON lvalue or rvalue of can be swapped with any lvalue or rvalue of other compatible types, using unqualified function call @ref swap(). - [NullablePointer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/NullablePointer): JSON values can be compared against `std::nullptr_t` objects which are used to model the `null` value. - Container - [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container): JSON values can be used like STL containers and provide iterator access. - [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer); JSON values can be used like STL containers and provide reverse iterator access. @invariant The member variables @a m_value and @a m_type have the following relationship: - If `m_type == value_t::object`, then `m_value.object != nullptr`. - If `m_type == value_t::array`, then `m_value.array != nullptr`. - If `m_type == value_t::string`, then `m_value.string != nullptr`. The invariants are checked by member function assert_invariant(). @internal @note ObjectType trick from http://stackoverflow.com/a/9860911 @endinternal @see [RFC 7159: The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) @since version 1.0.0 @nosubgrouping */ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION class basic_json { private: template friend struct detail::external_constructor; friend ::nlohmann::json_pointer; friend ::nlohmann::detail::parser; friend ::nlohmann::detail::serializer; template friend class ::nlohmann::detail::iter_impl; template friend class ::nlohmann::detail::binary_writer; template friend class ::nlohmann::detail::binary_reader; /// workaround type for MSVC using basic_json_t = NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL; // convenience aliases for types residing in namespace detail; using lexer = ::nlohmann::detail::lexer; using parser = ::nlohmann::detail::parser; using primitive_iterator_t = ::nlohmann::detail::primitive_iterator_t; template using internal_iterator = ::nlohmann::detail::internal_iterator; template using iter_impl = ::nlohmann::detail::iter_impl; template using iteration_proxy = ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy; template using json_reverse_iterator = ::nlohmann::detail::json_reverse_iterator; template using output_adapter_t = ::nlohmann::detail::output_adapter_t; using binary_reader = ::nlohmann::detail::binary_reader; template using binary_writer = ::nlohmann::detail::binary_writer; using serializer = ::nlohmann::detail::serializer; public: using value_t = detail::value_t; /// @copydoc nlohmann::json_pointer using json_pointer = ::nlohmann::json_pointer; template using json_serializer = JSONSerializer; /// helper type for initializer lists of basic_json values using initializer_list_t = std::initializer_list>; //////////////// // exceptions // //////////////// /// @name exceptions /// Classes to implement user-defined exceptions. /// @{ /// @copydoc detail::exception using exception = detail::exception; /// @copydoc detail::parse_error using parse_error = detail::parse_error; /// @copydoc detail::invalid_iterator using invalid_iterator = detail::invalid_iterator; /// @copydoc detail::type_error using type_error = detail::type_error; /// @copydoc detail::out_of_range using out_of_range = detail::out_of_range; /// @copydoc detail::other_error using other_error = detail::other_error; /// @} ///////////////////// // container types // ///////////////////// /// @name container types /// The canonic container types to use @ref basic_json like any other STL /// container. /// @{ /// the type of elements in a basic_json container using value_type = basic_json; /// the type of an element reference using reference = value_type&; /// the type of an element const reference using const_reference = const value_type&; /// a type to represent differences between iterators using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t; /// a type to represent container sizes using size_type = std::size_t; /// the allocator type using allocator_type = AllocatorType; /// the type of an element pointer using pointer = typename std::allocator_traits::pointer; /// the type of an element const pointer using const_pointer = typename std::allocator_traits::const_pointer; /// an iterator for a basic_json container using iterator = iter_impl; /// a const iterator for a basic_json container using const_iterator = iter_impl; /// a reverse iterator for a basic_json container using reverse_iterator = json_reverse_iterator; /// a const reverse iterator for a basic_json container using const_reverse_iterator = json_reverse_iterator; /// @} /*! @brief returns the allocator associated with the container */ static allocator_type get_allocator() { return allocator_type(); } /*! @brief returns version information on the library This function returns a JSON object with information about the library, including the version number and information on the platform and compiler. @return JSON object holding version information key | description ----------- | --------------- `compiler` | Information on the used compiler. It is an object with the following keys: `c++` (the used C++ standard), `family` (the compiler family; possible values are `clang`, `icc`, `gcc`, `ilecpp`, `msvc`, `pgcpp`, `sunpro`, and `unknown`), and `version` (the compiler version). `copyright` | The copyright line for the library as string. `name` | The name of the library as string. `platform` | The used platform as string. Possible values are `win32`, `linux`, `apple`, `unix`, and `unknown`. `url` | The URL of the project as string. `version` | The version of the library. It is an object with the following keys: `major`, `minor`, and `patch` as defined by [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org), and `string` (the version string). @liveexample{The following code shows an example output of the `meta()` function.,meta} @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @complexity Constant. @since 2.1.0 */ static basic_json meta() { basic_json result; result["copyright"] = "(C) 2013-2017 Niels Lohmann"; result["name"] = "JSON for Modern C++"; result["url"] = "https://github.com/nlohmann/json"; result["version"] = { {"string", "3.0.1"}, {"major", 3}, {"minor", 0}, {"patch", 1} }; #ifdef _WIN32 result["platform"] = "win32"; #elif defined __linux__ result["platform"] = "linux"; #elif defined __APPLE__ result["platform"] = "apple"; #elif defined __unix__ result["platform"] = "unix"; #else result["platform"] = "unknown"; #endif #if defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) result["compiler"] = {{"family", "icc"}, {"version", __INTEL_COMPILER}}; #elif defined(__clang__) result["compiler"] = {{"family", "clang"}, {"version", __clang_version__}}; #elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__) result["compiler"] = {{"family", "gcc"}, {"version", std::to_string(__GNUC__) + "." + std::to_string(__GNUC_MINOR__) + "." + std::to_string(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)}}; #elif defined(__HP_cc) || defined(__HP_aCC) result["compiler"] = "hp" #elif defined(__IBMCPP__) result["compiler"] = {{"family", "ilecpp"}, {"version", __IBMCPP__}}; #elif defined(_MSC_VER) result["compiler"] = {{"family", "msvc"}, {"version", _MSC_VER}}; #elif defined(__PGI) result["compiler"] = {{"family", "pgcpp"}, {"version", __PGI}}; #elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC) result["compiler"] = {{"family", "sunpro"}, {"version", __SUNPRO_CC}}; #else result["compiler"] = {{"family", "unknown"}, {"version", "unknown"}}; #endif #ifdef __cplusplus result["compiler"]["c++"] = std::to_string(__cplusplus); #else result["compiler"]["c++"] = "unknown"; #endif return result; } /////////////////////////// // JSON value data types // /////////////////////////// /// @name JSON value data types /// The data types to store a JSON value. These types are derived from /// the template arguments passed to class @ref basic_json. /// @{ #if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_14) // Use transparent comparator if possible, combined with perfect forwarding // on find() and count() calls prevents unnecessary string construction. using object_comparator_t = std::less<>; #else using object_comparator_t = std::less; #endif /*! @brief a type for an object [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes JSON objects as follows: > An object is an unordered collection of zero or more name/value pairs, > where a name is a string and a value is a string, number, boolean, null, > object, or array. To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters described below. @tparam ObjectType the container to store objects (e.g., `std::map` or `std::unordered_map`) @tparam StringType the type of the keys or names (e.g., `std::string`). The comparison function `std::less` is used to order elements inside the container. @tparam AllocatorType the allocator to use for objects (e.g., `std::allocator`) #### Default type With the default values for @a ObjectType (`std::map`), @a StringType (`std::string`), and @a AllocatorType (`std::allocator`), the default value for @a object_t is: @code {.cpp} std::map< std::string, // key_type basic_json, // value_type std::less, // key_compare std::allocator> // allocator_type > @endcode #### Behavior The choice of @a object_t influences the behavior of the JSON class. With the default type, objects have the following behavior: - When all names are unique, objects will be interoperable in the sense that all software implementations receiving that object will agree on the name-value mappings. - When the names within an object are not unique, later stored name/value pairs overwrite previously stored name/value pairs, leaving the used names unique. For instance, `{"key": 1}` and `{"key": 2, "key": 1}` will be treated as equal and both stored as `{"key": 1}`. - Internally, name/value pairs are stored in lexicographical order of the names. Objects will also be serialized (see @ref dump) in this order. For instance, `{"b": 1, "a": 2}` and `{"a": 2, "b": 1}` will be stored and serialized as `{"a": 2, "b": 1}`. - When comparing objects, the order of the name/value pairs is irrelevant. This makes objects interoperable in the sense that they will not be affected by these differences. For instance, `{"b": 1, "a": 2}` and `{"a": 2, "b": 1}` will be treated as equal. #### Limits [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies: > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting. In this class, the object's limit of nesting is not explicitly constrained. However, a maximum depth of nesting may be introduced by the compiler or runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the @ref max_size function of a JSON object. #### Storage Objects are stored as pointers in a @ref basic_json type. That is, for any access to object values, a pointer of type `object_t*` must be dereferenced. @sa @ref array_t -- type for an array value @since version 1.0.0 @note The order name/value pairs are added to the object is *not* preserved by the library. Therefore, iterating an object may return name/value pairs in a different order than they were originally stored. In fact, keys will be traversed in alphabetical order as `std::map` with `std::less` is used by default. Please note this behavior conforms to [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159), because any order implements the specified "unordered" nature of JSON objects. */ using object_t = ObjectType>>; /*! @brief a type for an array [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes JSON arrays as follows: > An array is an ordered sequence of zero or more values. To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters explained below. @tparam ArrayType container type to store arrays (e.g., `std::vector` or `std::list`) @tparam AllocatorType allocator to use for arrays (e.g., `std::allocator`) #### Default type With the default values for @a ArrayType (`std::vector`) and @a AllocatorType (`std::allocator`), the default value for @a array_t is: @code {.cpp} std::vector< basic_json, // value_type std::allocator // allocator_type > @endcode #### Limits [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies: > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting. In this class, the array's limit of nesting is not explicitly constrained. However, a maximum depth of nesting may be introduced by the compiler or runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the @ref max_size function of a JSON array. #### Storage Arrays are stored as pointers in a @ref basic_json type. That is, for any access to array values, a pointer of type `array_t*` must be dereferenced. @sa @ref object_t -- type for an object value @since version 1.0.0 */ using array_t = ArrayType>; /*! @brief a type for a string [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes JSON strings as follows: > A string is a sequence of zero or more Unicode characters. To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter described below. Unicode values are split by the JSON class into byte-sized characters during deserialization. @tparam StringType the container to store strings (e.g., `std::string`). Note this container is used for keys/names in objects, see @ref object_t. #### Default type With the default values for @a StringType (`std::string`), the default value for @a string_t is: @code {.cpp} std::string @endcode #### Encoding Strings are stored in UTF-8 encoding. Therefore, functions like `std::string::size()` or `std::string::length()` return the number of bytes in the string rather than the number of characters or glyphs. #### String comparison [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) states: > Software implementations are typically required to test names of object > members for equality. Implementations that transform the textual > representation into sequences of Unicode code units and then perform the > comparison numerically, code unit by code unit, are interoperable in the > sense that implementations will agree in all cases on equality or > inequality of two strings. For example, implementations that compare > strings with escaped characters unconverted may incorrectly find that > `"a\\b"` and `"a\u005Cb"` are not equal. This implementation is interoperable as it does compare strings code unit by code unit. #### Storage String values are stored as pointers in a @ref basic_json type. That is, for any access to string values, a pointer of type `string_t*` must be dereferenced. @since version 1.0.0 */ using string_t = StringType; /*! @brief a type for a boolean [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) implicitly describes a boolean as a type which differentiates the two literals `true` and `false`. To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter @a BooleanType which chooses the type to use. #### Default type With the default values for @a BooleanType (`bool`), the default value for @a boolean_t is: @code {.cpp} bool @endcode #### Storage Boolean values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json type. @since version 1.0.0 */ using boolean_t = BooleanType; /*! @brief a type for a number (integer) [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes numbers as follows: > The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most > programming languages. A number is represented in base 10 using decimal > digits. It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an > optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an > exponent part. Leading zeros are not allowed. (...) Numeric values that > cannot be represented in the grammar below (such as Infinity and NaN) > are not permitted. This description includes both integer and floating-point numbers. However, C++ allows more precise storage if it is known whether the number is a signed integer, an unsigned integer or a floating-point number. Therefore, three different types, @ref number_integer_t, @ref number_unsigned_t and @ref number_float_t are used. To store integer numbers in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter @a NumberIntegerType which chooses the type to use. #### Default type With the default values for @a NumberIntegerType (`int64_t`), the default value for @a number_integer_t is: @code {.cpp} int64_t @endcode #### Default behavior - The restrictions about leading zeros is not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in integer literals lead to an interpretation as octal number. Internally, the value will be stored as decimal number. For instance, the C++ integer literal `010` will be serialized to `8`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error. - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`. #### Limits [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies: > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers. When the default type is used, the maximal integer number that can be stored is `9223372036854775807` (INT64_MAX) and the minimal integer number that can be stored is `-9223372036854775808` (INT64_MIN). Integer numbers that are out of range will yield over/underflow when used in a constructor. During deserialization, too large or small integer numbers will be automatically be stored as @ref number_unsigned_t or @ref number_float_t. [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) further states: > Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are > in the range \f$[-2^{53}+1, 2^{53}-1]\f$ are interoperable in the sense > that implementations will agree exactly on their numeric values. As this range is a subrange of the exactly supported range [INT64_MIN, INT64_MAX], this class's integer type is interoperable. #### Storage Integer number values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json type. @sa @ref number_float_t -- type for number values (floating-point) @sa @ref number_unsigned_t -- type for number values (unsigned integer) @since version 1.0.0 */ using number_integer_t = NumberIntegerType; /*! @brief a type for a number (unsigned) [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes numbers as follows: > The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most > programming languages. A number is represented in base 10 using decimal > digits. It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an > optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an > exponent part. Leading zeros are not allowed. (...) Numeric values that > cannot be represented in the grammar below (such as Infinity and NaN) > are not permitted. This description includes both integer and floating-point numbers. However, C++ allows more precise storage if it is known whether the number is a signed integer, an unsigned integer or a floating-point number. Therefore, three different types, @ref number_integer_t, @ref number_unsigned_t and @ref number_float_t are used. To store unsigned integer numbers in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter @a NumberUnsignedType which chooses the type to use. #### Default type With the default values for @a NumberUnsignedType (`uint64_t`), the default value for @a number_unsigned_t is: @code {.cpp} uint64_t @endcode #### Default behavior - The restrictions about leading zeros is not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in integer literals lead to an interpretation as octal number. Internally, the value will be stored as decimal number. For instance, the C++ integer literal `010` will be serialized to `8`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error. - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`. #### Limits [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies: > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers. When the default type is used, the maximal integer number that can be stored is `18446744073709551615` (UINT64_MAX) and the minimal integer number that can be stored is `0`. Integer numbers that are out of range will yield over/underflow when used in a constructor. During deserialization, too large or small integer numbers will be automatically be stored as @ref number_integer_t or @ref number_float_t. [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) further states: > Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are > in the range \f$[-2^{53}+1, 2^{53}-1]\f$ are interoperable in the sense > that implementations will agree exactly on their numeric values. As this range is a subrange (when considered in conjunction with the number_integer_t type) of the exactly supported range [0, UINT64_MAX], this class's integer type is interoperable. #### Storage Integer number values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json type. @sa @ref number_float_t -- type for number values (floating-point) @sa @ref number_integer_t -- type for number values (integer) @since version 2.0.0 */ using number_unsigned_t = NumberUnsignedType; /*! @brief a type for a number (floating-point) [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes numbers as follows: > The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most > programming languages. A number is represented in base 10 using decimal > digits. It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an > optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an > exponent part. Leading zeros are not allowed. (...) Numeric values that > cannot be represented in the grammar below (such as Infinity and NaN) > are not permitted. This description includes both integer and floating-point numbers. However, C++ allows more precise storage if it is known whether the number is a signed integer, an unsigned integer or a floating-point number. Therefore, three different types, @ref number_integer_t, @ref number_unsigned_t and @ref number_float_t are used. To store floating-point numbers in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter @a NumberFloatType which chooses the type to use. #### Default type With the default values for @a NumberFloatType (`double`), the default value for @a number_float_t is: @code {.cpp} double @endcode #### Default behavior - The restrictions about leading zeros is not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in floating-point literals will be ignored. Internally, the value will be stored as decimal number. For instance, the C++ floating-point literal `01.2` will be serialized to `1.2`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error. - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`. #### Limits [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) states: > This specification allows implementations to set limits on the range and > precision of numbers accepted. Since software that implements IEEE > 754-2008 binary64 (double precision) numbers is generally available and > widely used, good interoperability can be achieved by implementations > that expect no more precision or range than these provide, in the sense > that implementations will approximate JSON numbers within the expected > precision. This implementation does exactly follow this approach, as it uses double precision floating-point numbers. Note values smaller than `-1.79769313486232e+308` and values greater than `1.79769313486232e+308` will be stored as NaN internally and be serialized to `null`. #### Storage Floating-point number values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json type. @sa @ref number_integer_t -- type for number values (integer) @sa @ref number_unsigned_t -- type for number values (unsigned integer) @since version 1.0.0 */ using number_float_t = NumberFloatType; /// @} private: /// helper for exception-safe object creation template static T* create(Args&& ... args) { AllocatorType alloc; using AllocatorTraits = std::allocator_traits>; auto deleter = [&](T * object) { AllocatorTraits::deallocate(alloc, object, 1); }; std::unique_ptr object(AllocatorTraits::allocate(alloc, 1), deleter); AllocatorTraits::construct(alloc, object.get(), std::forward(args)...); assert(object != nullptr); return object.release(); } //////////////////////// // JSON value storage // //////////////////////// /*! @brief a JSON value The actual storage for a JSON value of the @ref basic_json class. This union combines the different storage types for the JSON value types defined in @ref value_t. JSON type | value_t type | used type --------- | --------------- | ------------------------ object | object | pointer to @ref object_t array | array | pointer to @ref array_t string | string | pointer to @ref string_t boolean | boolean | @ref boolean_t number | number_integer | @ref number_integer_t number | number_unsigned | @ref number_unsigned_t number | number_float | @ref number_float_t null | null | *no value is stored* @note Variable-length types (objects, arrays, and strings) are stored as pointers. The size of the union should not exceed 64 bits if the default value types are used. @since version 1.0.0 */ union json_value { /// object (stored with pointer to save storage) object_t* object; /// array (stored with pointer to save storage) array_t* array; /// string (stored with pointer to save storage) string_t* string; /// boolean boolean_t boolean; /// number (integer) number_integer_t number_integer; /// number (unsigned integer) number_unsigned_t number_unsigned; /// number (floating-point) number_float_t number_float; /// default constructor (for null values) json_value() = default; /// constructor for booleans json_value(boolean_t v) noexcept : boolean(v) {} /// constructor for numbers (integer) json_value(number_integer_t v) noexcept : number_integer(v) {} /// constructor for numbers (unsigned) json_value(number_unsigned_t v) noexcept : number_unsigned(v) {} /// constructor for numbers (floating-point) json_value(number_float_t v) noexcept : number_float(v) {} /// constructor for empty values of a given type json_value(value_t t) { switch (t) { case value_t::object: { object = create(); break; } case value_t::array: { array = create(); break; } case value_t::string: { string = create(""); break; } case value_t::boolean: { boolean = boolean_t(false); break; } case value_t::number_integer: { number_integer = number_integer_t(0); break; } case value_t::number_unsigned: { number_unsigned = number_unsigned_t(0); break; } case value_t::number_float: { number_float = number_float_t(0.0); break; } case value_t::null: { object = nullptr; // silence warning, see #821 break; } default: { object = nullptr; // silence warning, see #821 if (JSON_UNLIKELY(t == value_t::null)) { JSON_THROW(other_error::create(500, "961c151d2e87f2686a955a9be24d316f1362bf21 3.0.1")); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } break; } } } /// constructor for strings json_value(const string_t& value) { string = create(value); } /// constructor for rvalue strings json_value(string_t&& value) { string = create(std::move(value)); } /// constructor for objects json_value(const object_t& value) { object = create(value); } /// constructor for rvalue objects json_value(object_t&& value) { object = create(std::move(value)); } /// constructor for arrays json_value(const array_t& value) { array = create(value); } /// constructor for rvalue arrays json_value(array_t&& value) { array = create(std::move(value)); } void destroy(value_t t) { switch (t) { case value_t::object: { AllocatorType alloc; std::allocator_traits::destroy(alloc, object); std::allocator_traits::deallocate(alloc, object, 1); break; } case value_t::array: { AllocatorType alloc; std::allocator_traits::destroy(alloc, array); std::allocator_traits::deallocate(alloc, array, 1); break; } case value_t::string: { AllocatorType alloc; std::allocator_traits::destroy(alloc, string); std::allocator_traits::deallocate(alloc, string, 1); break; } default: { break; } } } }; /*! @brief checks the class invariants This function asserts the class invariants. It needs to be called at the end of every constructor to make sure that created objects respect the invariant. Furthermore, it has to be called each time the type of a JSON value is changed, because the invariant expresses a relationship between @a m_type and @a m_value. */ void assert_invariant() const { assert(m_type != value_t::object or m_value.object != nullptr); assert(m_type != value_t::array or m_value.array != nullptr); assert(m_type != value_t::string or m_value.string != nullptr); } public: ////////////////////////// // JSON parser callback // ////////////////////////// /*! @brief parser event types The parser callback distinguishes the following events: - `object_start`: the parser read `{` and started to process a JSON object - `key`: the parser read a key of a value in an object - `object_end`: the parser read `}` and finished processing a JSON object - `array_start`: the parser read `[` and started to process a JSON array - `array_end`: the parser read `]` and finished processing a JSON array - `value`: the parser finished reading a JSON value @image html callback_events.png "Example when certain parse events are triggered" @sa @ref parser_callback_t for more information and examples */ using parse_event_t = typename parser::parse_event_t; /*! @brief per-element parser callback type With a parser callback function, the result of parsing a JSON text can be influenced. When passed to @ref parse, it is called on certain events (passed as @ref parse_event_t via parameter @a event) with a set recursion depth @a depth and context JSON value @a parsed. The return value of the callback function is a boolean indicating whether the element that emitted the callback shall be kept or not. We distinguish six scenarios (determined by the event type) in which the callback function can be called. The following table describes the values of the parameters @a depth, @a event, and @a parsed. parameter @a event | description | parameter @a depth | parameter @a parsed ------------------ | ----------- | ------------------ | ------------------- parse_event_t::object_start | the parser read `{` and started to process a JSON object | depth of the parent of the JSON object | a JSON value with type discarded parse_event_t::key | the parser read a key of a value in an object | depth of the currently parsed JSON object | a JSON string containing the key parse_event_t::object_end | the parser read `}` and finished processing a JSON object | depth of the parent of the JSON object | the parsed JSON object parse_event_t::array_start | the parser read `[` and started to process a JSON array | depth of the parent of the JSON array | a JSON value with type discarded parse_event_t::array_end | the parser read `]` and finished processing a JSON array | depth of the parent of the JSON array | the parsed JSON array parse_event_t::value | the parser finished reading a JSON value | depth of the value | the parsed JSON value @image html callback_events.png "Example when certain parse events are triggered" Discarding a value (i.e., returning `false`) has different effects depending on the context in which function was called: - Discarded values in structured types are skipped. That is, the parser will behave as if the discarded value was never read. - In case a value outside a structured type is skipped, it is replaced with `null`. This case happens if the top-level element is skipped. @param[in] depth the depth of the recursion during parsing @param[in] event an event of type parse_event_t indicating the context in the callback function has been called @param[in,out] parsed the current intermediate parse result; note that writing to this value has no effect for parse_event_t::key events @return Whether the JSON value which called the function during parsing should be kept (`true`) or not (`false`). In the latter case, it is either skipped completely or replaced by an empty discarded object. @sa @ref parse for examples @since version 1.0.0 */ using parser_callback_t = typename parser::parser_callback_t; ////////////////// // constructors // ////////////////// /// @name constructors and destructors /// Constructors of class @ref basic_json, copy/move constructor, copy /// assignment, static functions creating objects, and the destructor. /// @{ /*! @brief create an empty value with a given type Create an empty JSON value with a given type. The value will be default initialized with an empty value which depends on the type: Value type | initial value ----------- | ------------- null | `null` boolean | `false` string | `""` number | `0` object | `{}` array | `[]` @param[in] v the type of the value to create @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @liveexample{The following code shows the constructor for different @ref value_t values,basic_json__value_t} @sa @ref clear() -- restores the postcondition of this constructor @since version 1.0.0 */ basic_json(const value_t v) : m_type(v), m_value(v) { assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief create a null object Create a `null` JSON value. It either takes a null pointer as parameter (explicitly creating `null`) or no parameter (implicitly creating `null`). The passed null pointer itself is not read -- it is only used to choose the right constructor. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this constructor never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code shows the constructor with and without a null pointer parameter.,basic_json__nullptr_t} @since version 1.0.0 */ basic_json(std::nullptr_t = nullptr) noexcept : basic_json(value_t::null) { assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief create a JSON value This is a "catch all" constructor for all compatible JSON types; that is, types for which a `to_json()` method exists. The constructor forwards the parameter @a val to that method (to `json_serializer::to_json` method with `U = uncvref_t`, to be exact). Template type @a CompatibleType includes, but is not limited to, the following types: - **arrays**: @ref array_t and all kinds of compatible containers such as `std::vector`, `std::deque`, `std::list`, `std::forward_list`, `std::array`, `std::valarray`, `std::set`, `std::unordered_set`, `std::multiset`, and `std::unordered_multiset` with a `value_type` from which a @ref basic_json value can be constructed. - **objects**: @ref object_t and all kinds of compatible associative containers such as `std::map`, `std::unordered_map`, `std::multimap`, and `std::unordered_multimap` with a `key_type` compatible to @ref string_t and a `value_type` from which a @ref basic_json value can be constructed. - **strings**: @ref string_t, string literals, and all compatible string containers can be used. - **numbers**: @ref number_integer_t, @ref number_unsigned_t, @ref number_float_t, and all convertible number types such as `int`, `size_t`, `int64_t`, `float` or `double` can be used. - **boolean**: @ref boolean_t / `bool` can be used. See the examples below. @tparam CompatibleType a type such that: - @a CompatibleType is not derived from `std::istream`, - @a CompatibleType is not @ref basic_json (to avoid hijacking copy/move constructors), - @a CompatibleType is not a @ref basic_json nested type (e.g., @ref json_pointer, @ref iterator, etc ...) - @ref @ref json_serializer has a `to_json(basic_json_t&, CompatibleType&&)` method @tparam U = `uncvref_t` @param[in] val the value to be forwarded to the respective constructor @complexity Usually linear in the size of the passed @a val, also depending on the implementation of the called `to_json()` method. @exceptionsafety Depends on the called constructor. For types directly supported by the library (i.e., all types for which no `to_json()` function was provided), strong guarantee holds: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @liveexample{The following code shows the constructor with several compatible types.,basic_json__CompatibleType} @since version 2.1.0 */ template, detail::enable_if_t::value and not std::is_same::value and not detail::is_basic_json_nested_type< basic_json_t, U>::value and detail::has_to_json::value, int> = 0> basic_json(CompatibleType && val) noexcept(noexcept(JSONSerializer::to_json( std::declval(), std::forward(val)))) { JSONSerializer::to_json(*this, std::forward(val)); assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief create a container (array or object) from an initializer list Creates a JSON value of type array or object from the passed initializer list @a init. In case @a type_deduction is `true` (default), the type of the JSON value to be created is deducted from the initializer list @a init according to the following rules: 1. If the list is empty, an empty JSON object value `{}` is created. 2. If the list consists of pairs whose first element is a string, a JSON object value is created where the first elements of the pairs are treated as keys and the second elements are as values. 3. In all other cases, an array is created. The rules aim to create the best fit between a C++ initializer list and JSON values. The rationale is as follows: 1. The empty initializer list is written as `{}` which is exactly an empty JSON object. 2. C++ has no way of describing mapped types other than to list a list of pairs. As JSON requires that keys must be of type string, rule 2 is the weakest constraint one can pose on initializer lists to interpret them as an object. 3. In all other cases, the initializer list could not be interpreted as JSON object type, so interpreting it as JSON array type is safe. With the rules described above, the following JSON values cannot be expressed by an initializer list: - the empty array (`[]`): use @ref array(initializer_list_t) with an empty initializer list in this case - arrays whose elements satisfy rule 2: use @ref array(initializer_list_t) with the same initializer list in this case @note When used without parentheses around an empty initializer list, @ref basic_json() is called instead of this function, yielding the JSON null value. @param[in] init initializer list with JSON values @param[in] type_deduction internal parameter; when set to `true`, the type of the JSON value is deducted from the initializer list @a init; when set to `false`, the type provided via @a manual_type is forced. This mode is used by the functions @ref array(initializer_list_t) and @ref object(initializer_list_t). @param[in] manual_type internal parameter; when @a type_deduction is set to `false`, the created JSON value will use the provided type (only @ref value_t::array and @ref value_t::object are valid); when @a type_deduction is set to `true`, this parameter has no effect @throw type_error.301 if @a type_deduction is `false`, @a manual_type is `value_t::object`, but @a init contains an element which is not a pair whose first element is a string. In this case, the constructor could not create an object. If @a type_deduction would have be `true`, an array would have been created. See @ref object(initializer_list_t) for an example. @complexity Linear in the size of the initializer list @a init. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @liveexample{The example below shows how JSON values are created from initializer lists.,basic_json__list_init_t} @sa @ref array(initializer_list_t) -- create a JSON array value from an initializer list @sa @ref object(initializer_list_t) -- create a JSON object value from an initializer list @since version 1.0.0 */ basic_json(initializer_list_t init, bool type_deduction = true, value_t manual_type = value_t::array) { // check if each element is an array with two elements whose first // element is a string bool is_an_object = std::all_of(init.begin(), init.end(), [](const detail::json_ref& element_ref) { return (element_ref->is_array() and element_ref->size() == 2 and (*element_ref)[0].is_string()); }); // adjust type if type deduction is not wanted if (not type_deduction) { // if array is wanted, do not create an object though possible if (manual_type == value_t::array) { is_an_object = false; } // if object is wanted but impossible, throw an exception if (JSON_UNLIKELY(manual_type == value_t::object and not is_an_object)) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(301, "cannot create object from initializer list")); } } if (is_an_object) { // the initializer list is a list of pairs -> create object m_type = value_t::object; m_value = value_t::object; std::for_each(init.begin(), init.end(), [this](const detail::json_ref& element_ref) { auto element = element_ref.moved_or_copied(); m_value.object->emplace( std::move(*((*element.m_value.array)[0].m_value.string)), std::move((*element.m_value.array)[1])); }); } else { // the initializer list describes an array -> create array m_type = value_t::array; m_value.array = create(init.begin(), init.end()); } assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief explicitly create an array from an initializer list Creates a JSON array value from a given initializer list. That is, given a list of values `a, b, c`, creates the JSON value `[a, b, c]`. If the initializer list is empty, the empty array `[]` is created. @note This function is only needed to express two edge cases that cannot be realized with the initializer list constructor (@ref basic_json(initializer_list_t, bool, value_t)). These cases are: 1. creating an array whose elements are all pairs whose first element is a string -- in this case, the initializer list constructor would create an object, taking the first elements as keys 2. creating an empty array -- passing the empty initializer list to the initializer list constructor yields an empty object @param[in] init initializer list with JSON values to create an array from (optional) @return JSON array value @complexity Linear in the size of @a init. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for the `array` function.,array} @sa @ref basic_json(initializer_list_t, bool, value_t) -- create a JSON value from an initializer list @sa @ref object(initializer_list_t) -- create a JSON object value from an initializer list @since version 1.0.0 */ static basic_json array(initializer_list_t init = {}) { return basic_json(init, false, value_t::array); } /*! @brief explicitly create an object from an initializer list Creates a JSON object value from a given initializer list. The initializer lists elements must be pairs, and their first elements must be strings. If the initializer list is empty, the empty object `{}` is created. @note This function is only added for symmetry reasons. In contrast to the related function @ref array(initializer_list_t), there are no cases which can only be expressed by this function. That is, any initializer list @a init can also be passed to the initializer list constructor @ref basic_json(initializer_list_t, bool, value_t). @param[in] init initializer list to create an object from (optional) @return JSON object value @throw type_error.301 if @a init is not a list of pairs whose first elements are strings. In this case, no object can be created. When such a value is passed to @ref basic_json(initializer_list_t, bool, value_t), an array would have been created from the passed initializer list @a init. See example below. @complexity Linear in the size of @a init. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for the `object` function.,object} @sa @ref basic_json(initializer_list_t, bool, value_t) -- create a JSON value from an initializer list @sa @ref array(initializer_list_t) -- create a JSON array value from an initializer list @since version 1.0.0 */ static basic_json object(initializer_list_t init = {}) { return basic_json(init, false, value_t::object); } /*! @brief construct an array with count copies of given value Constructs a JSON array value by creating @a cnt copies of a passed value. In case @a cnt is `0`, an empty array is created. @param[in] cnt the number of JSON copies of @a val to create @param[in] val the JSON value to copy @post `std::distance(begin(),end()) == cnt` holds. @complexity Linear in @a cnt. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @liveexample{The following code shows examples for the @ref basic_json(size_type\, const basic_json&) constructor.,basic_json__size_type_basic_json} @since version 1.0.0 */ basic_json(size_type cnt, const basic_json& val) : m_type(value_t::array) { m_value.array = create(cnt, val); assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief construct a JSON container given an iterator range Constructs the JSON value with the contents of the range `[first, last)`. The semantics depends on the different types a JSON value can have: - In case of a null type, invalid_iterator.206 is thrown. - In case of other primitive types (number, boolean, or string), @a first must be `begin()` and @a last must be `end()`. In this case, the value is copied. Otherwise, invalid_iterator.204 is thrown. - In case of structured types (array, object), the constructor behaves as similar versions for `std::vector` or `std::map`; that is, a JSON array or object is constructed from the values in the range. @tparam InputIT an input iterator type (@ref iterator or @ref const_iterator) @param[in] first begin of the range to copy from (included) @param[in] last end of the range to copy from (excluded) @pre Iterators @a first and @a last must be initialized. **This precondition is enforced with an assertion (see warning).** If assertions are switched off, a violation of this precondition yields undefined behavior. @pre Range `[first, last)` is valid. Usually, this precondition cannot be checked efficiently. Only certain edge cases are detected; see the description of the exceptions below. A violation of this precondition yields undefined behavior. @warning A precondition is enforced with a runtime assertion that will result in calling `std::abort` if this precondition is not met. Assertions can be disabled by defining `NDEBUG` at compile time. See http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/error/assert for more information. @throw invalid_iterator.201 if iterators @a first and @a last are not compatible (i.e., do not belong to the same JSON value). In this case, the range `[first, last)` is undefined. @throw invalid_iterator.204 if iterators @a first and @a last belong to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but @a first does not point to the first element any more. In this case, the range `[first, last)` is undefined. See example code below. @throw invalid_iterator.206 if iterators @a first and @a last belong to a null value. In this case, the range `[first, last)` is undefined. @complexity Linear in distance between @a first and @a last. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @liveexample{The example below shows several ways to create JSON values by specifying a subrange with iterators.,basic_json__InputIt_InputIt} @since version 1.0.0 */ template::value or std::is_same::value, int>::type = 0> basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last) { assert(first.m_object != nullptr); assert(last.m_object != nullptr); // make sure iterator fits the current value if (JSON_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(201, "iterators are not compatible")); } // copy type from first iterator m_type = first.m_object->m_type; // check if iterator range is complete for primitive values switch (m_type) { case value_t::boolean: case value_t::number_float: case value_t::number_integer: case value_t::number_unsigned: case value_t::string: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin() or not last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end())) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(204, "iterators out of range")); } break; } default: break; } switch (m_type) { case value_t::number_integer: { m_value.number_integer = first.m_object->m_value.number_integer; break; } case value_t::number_unsigned: { m_value.number_unsigned = first.m_object->m_value.number_unsigned; break; } case value_t::number_float: { m_value.number_float = first.m_object->m_value.number_float; break; } case value_t::boolean: { m_value.boolean = first.m_object->m_value.boolean; break; } case value_t::string: { m_value = *first.m_object->m_value.string; break; } case value_t::object: { m_value.object = create(first.m_it.object_iterator, last.m_it.object_iterator); break; } case value_t::array: { m_value.array = create(first.m_it.array_iterator, last.m_it.array_iterator); break; } default: JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(206, "cannot construct with iterators from " + std::string(first.m_object->type_name()))); } assert_invariant(); } /////////////////////////////////////// // other constructors and destructor // /////////////////////////////////////// /// @private basic_json(const detail::json_ref& ref) : basic_json(ref.moved_or_copied()) {} /*! @brief copy constructor Creates a copy of a given JSON value. @param[in] other the JSON value to copy @post `*this == other` @complexity Linear in the size of @a other. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is linear. - As postcondition, it holds: `other == basic_json(other)`. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for the copy constructor.,basic_json__basic_json} @since version 1.0.0 */ basic_json(const basic_json& other) : m_type(other.m_type) { // check of passed value is valid other.assert_invariant(); switch (m_type) { case value_t::object: { m_value = *other.m_value.object; break; } case value_t::array: { m_value = *other.m_value.array; break; } case value_t::string: { m_value = *other.m_value.string; break; } case value_t::boolean: { m_value = other.m_value.boolean; break; } case value_t::number_integer: { m_value = other.m_value.number_integer; break; } case value_t::number_unsigned: { m_value = other.m_value.number_unsigned; break; } case value_t::number_float: { m_value = other.m_value.number_float; break; } default: break; } assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief move constructor Move constructor. Constructs a JSON value with the contents of the given value @a other using move semantics. It "steals" the resources from @a other and leaves it as JSON null value. @param[in,out] other value to move to this object @post `*this` has the same value as @a other before the call. @post @a other is a JSON null value. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this constructor never throws exceptions. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [MoveConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/MoveConstructible) requirements. @liveexample{The code below shows the move constructor explicitly called via std::move.,basic_json__moveconstructor} @since version 1.0.0 */ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept : m_type(std::move(other.m_type)), m_value(std::move(other.m_value)) { // check that passed value is valid other.assert_invariant(); // invalidate payload other.m_type = value_t::null; other.m_value = {}; assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief copy assignment Copy assignment operator. Copies a JSON value via the "copy and swap" strategy: It is expressed in terms of the copy constructor, destructor, and the `swap()` member function. @param[in] other value to copy from @complexity Linear. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is linear. @liveexample{The code below shows and example for the copy assignment. It creates a copy of value `a` which is then swapped with `b`. Finally\, the copy of `a` (which is the null value after the swap) is destroyed.,basic_json__copyassignment} @since version 1.0.0 */ reference& operator=(basic_json other) noexcept ( std::is_nothrow_move_constructible::value and std::is_nothrow_move_assignable::value and std::is_nothrow_move_constructible::value and std::is_nothrow_move_assignable::value ) { // check that passed value is valid other.assert_invariant(); using std::swap; swap(m_type, other.m_type); swap(m_value, other.m_value); assert_invariant(); return *this; } /*! @brief destructor Destroys the JSON value and frees all allocated memory. @complexity Linear. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is linear. - All stored elements are destroyed and all memory is freed. @since version 1.0.0 */ ~basic_json() { assert_invariant(); m_value.destroy(m_type); } /// @} public: /////////////////////// // object inspection // /////////////////////// /// @name object inspection /// Functions to inspect the type of a JSON value. /// @{ /*! @brief serialization Serialization function for JSON values. The function tries to mimic Python's `json.dumps()` function, and currently supports its @a indent and @a ensure_ascii parameters. @param[in] indent If indent is nonnegative, then array elements and object members will be pretty-printed with that indent level. An indent level of `0` will only insert newlines. `-1` (the default) selects the most compact representation. @param[in] indent_char The character to use for indentation if @a indent is greater than `0`. The default is ` ` (space). @param[in] ensure_ascii If @a ensure_ascii is true, all non-ASCII characters in the output are escaped with `\uXXXX` sequences, and the result consists of ASCII characters only. @return string containing the serialization of the JSON value @throw type_error.316 if a string stored inside the JSON value is not UTF-8 encoded @complexity Linear. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @liveexample{The following example shows the effect of different @a indent\, @a indent_char\, and @a ensure_ascii parameters to the result of the serialization.,dump} @see https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html#json.dump @since version 1.0.0; indentation character @a indent_char, option @a ensure_ascii and exceptions added in version 3.0.0 */ string_t dump(const int indent = -1, const char indent_char = ' ', const bool ensure_ascii = false) const { string_t result; serializer s(detail::output_adapter(result), indent_char); if (indent >= 0) { s.dump(*this, true, ensure_ascii, static_cast(indent)); } else { s.dump(*this, false, ensure_ascii, 0); } return result; } /*! @brief return the type of the JSON value (explicit) Return the type of the JSON value as a value from the @ref value_t enumeration. @return the type of the JSON value Value type | return value ------------------------- | ------------------------- null | value_t::null boolean | value_t::boolean string | value_t::string number (integer) | value_t::number_integer number (unsigned integer) | value_t::number_unsigned number (floating-point) | value_t::number_float object | value_t::object array | value_t::array discarded | value_t::discarded @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `type()` for all JSON types.,type} @sa @ref operator value_t() -- return the type of the JSON value (implicit) @sa @ref type_name() -- return the type as string @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr value_t type() const noexcept { return m_type; } /*! @brief return whether type is primitive This function returns true if and only if the JSON type is primitive (string, number, boolean, or null). @return `true` if type is primitive (string, number, boolean, or null), `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_primitive()` for all JSON types.,is_primitive} @sa @ref is_structured() -- returns whether JSON value is structured @sa @ref is_null() -- returns whether JSON value is `null` @sa @ref is_string() -- returns whether JSON value is a string @sa @ref is_boolean() -- returns whether JSON value is a boolean @sa @ref is_number() -- returns whether JSON value is a number @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_primitive() const noexcept { return is_null() or is_string() or is_boolean() or is_number(); } /*! @brief return whether type is structured This function returns true if and only if the JSON type is structured (array or object). @return `true` if type is structured (array or object), `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_structured()` for all JSON types.,is_structured} @sa @ref is_primitive() -- returns whether value is primitive @sa @ref is_array() -- returns whether value is an array @sa @ref is_object() -- returns whether value is an object @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_structured() const noexcept { return is_array() or is_object(); } /*! @brief return whether value is null This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is null. @return `true` if type is null, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_null()` for all JSON types.,is_null} @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_null() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::null); } /*! @brief return whether value is a boolean This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is a boolean. @return `true` if type is boolean, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_boolean()` for all JSON types.,is_boolean} @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_boolean() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::boolean); } /*! @brief return whether value is a number This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is a number. This includes both integer (signed and unsigned) and floating-point values. @return `true` if type is number (regardless whether integer, unsigned integer or floating-type), `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number()` for all JSON types.,is_number} @sa @ref is_number_integer() -- check if value is an integer or unsigned integer number @sa @ref is_number_unsigned() -- check if value is an unsigned integer number @sa @ref is_number_float() -- check if value is a floating-point number @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_number() const noexcept { return is_number_integer() or is_number_float(); } /*! @brief return whether value is an integer number This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is a signed or unsigned integer number. This excludes floating-point values. @return `true` if type is an integer or unsigned integer number, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number_integer()` for all JSON types.,is_number_integer} @sa @ref is_number() -- check if value is a number @sa @ref is_number_unsigned() -- check if value is an unsigned integer number @sa @ref is_number_float() -- check if value is a floating-point number @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_number_integer() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::number_integer or m_type == value_t::number_unsigned); } /*! @brief return whether value is an unsigned integer number This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is an unsigned integer number. This excludes floating-point and signed integer values. @return `true` if type is an unsigned integer number, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number_unsigned()` for all JSON types.,is_number_unsigned} @sa @ref is_number() -- check if value is a number @sa @ref is_number_integer() -- check if value is an integer or unsigned integer number @sa @ref is_number_float() -- check if value is a floating-point number @since version 2.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_number_unsigned() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::number_unsigned); } /*! @brief return whether value is a floating-point number This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is a floating-point number. This excludes signed and unsigned integer values. @return `true` if type is a floating-point number, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number_float()` for all JSON types.,is_number_float} @sa @ref is_number() -- check if value is number @sa @ref is_number_integer() -- check if value is an integer number @sa @ref is_number_unsigned() -- check if value is an unsigned integer number @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_number_float() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::number_float); } /*! @brief return whether value is an object This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is an object. @return `true` if type is object, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_object()` for all JSON types.,is_object} @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_object() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::object); } /*! @brief return whether value is an array This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is an array. @return `true` if type is array, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_array()` for all JSON types.,is_array} @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_array() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::array); } /*! @brief return whether value is a string This function returns true if and only if the JSON value is a string. @return `true` if type is string, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_string()` for all JSON types.,is_string} @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_string() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::string); } /*! @brief return whether value is discarded This function returns true if and only if the JSON value was discarded during parsing with a callback function (see @ref parser_callback_t). @note This function will always be `false` for JSON values after parsing. That is, discarded values can only occur during parsing, but will be removed when inside a structured value or replaced by null in other cases. @return `true` if type is discarded, `false` otherwise. @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_discarded()` for all JSON types.,is_discarded} @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr bool is_discarded() const noexcept { return (m_type == value_t::discarded); } /*! @brief return the type of the JSON value (implicit) Implicitly return the type of the JSON value as a value from the @ref value_t enumeration. @return the type of the JSON value @complexity Constant. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies the @ref value_t operator for all JSON types.,operator__value_t} @sa @ref type() -- return the type of the JSON value (explicit) @sa @ref type_name() -- return the type as string @since version 1.0.0 */ constexpr operator value_t() const noexcept { return m_type; } /// @} private: ////////////////// // value access // ////////////////// /// get a boolean (explicit) boolean_t get_impl(boolean_t* /*unused*/) const { if (JSON_LIKELY(is_boolean())) { return m_value.boolean; } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, "type must be boolean, but is " + std::string(type_name()))); } /// get a pointer to the value (object) object_t* get_impl_ptr(object_t* /*unused*/) noexcept { return is_object() ? m_value.object : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (object) constexpr const object_t* get_impl_ptr(const object_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept { return is_object() ? m_value.object : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (array) array_t* get_impl_ptr(array_t* /*unused*/) noexcept { return is_array() ? m_value.array : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (array) constexpr const array_t* get_impl_ptr(const array_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept { return is_array() ? m_value.array : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (string) string_t* get_impl_ptr(string_t* /*unused*/) noexcept { return is_string() ? m_value.string : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (string) constexpr const string_t* get_impl_ptr(const string_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept { return is_string() ? m_value.string : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (boolean) boolean_t* get_impl_ptr(boolean_t* /*unused*/) noexcept { return is_boolean() ? &m_value.boolean : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (boolean) constexpr const boolean_t* get_impl_ptr(const boolean_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept { return is_boolean() ? &m_value.boolean : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (integer number) number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(number_integer_t* /*unused*/) noexcept { return is_number_integer() ? &m_value.number_integer : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (integer number) constexpr const number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_integer_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept { return is_number_integer() ? &m_value.number_integer : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (unsigned number) number_unsigned_t* get_impl_ptr(number_unsigned_t* /*unused*/) noexcept { return is_number_unsigned() ? &m_value.number_unsigned : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (unsigned number) constexpr const number_unsigned_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_unsigned_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept { return is_number_unsigned() ? &m_value.number_unsigned : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (floating-point number) number_float_t* get_impl_ptr(number_float_t* /*unused*/) noexcept { return is_number_float() ? &m_value.number_float : nullptr; } /// get a pointer to the value (floating-point number) constexpr const number_float_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_float_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept { return is_number_float() ? &m_value.number_float : nullptr; } /*! @brief helper function to implement get_ref() This function helps to implement get_ref() without code duplication for const and non-const overloads @tparam ThisType will be deduced as `basic_json` or `const basic_json` @throw type_error.303 if ReferenceType does not match underlying value type of the current JSON */ template static ReferenceType get_ref_impl(ThisType& obj) { // delegate the call to get_ptr<>() auto ptr = obj.template get_ptr::type>(); if (JSON_LIKELY(ptr != nullptr)) { return *ptr; } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(303, "incompatible ReferenceType for get_ref, actual type is " + std::string(obj.type_name()))); } public: /// @name value access /// Direct access to the stored value of a JSON value. /// @{ /*! @brief get special-case overload This overloads avoids a lot of template boilerplate, it can be seen as the identity method @tparam BasicJsonType == @ref basic_json @return a copy of *this @complexity Constant. @since version 2.1.0 */ template::type, basic_json_t>::value, int> = 0> basic_json get() const { return *this; } /*! @brief get a value (explicit) Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value which is [CopyConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyConstructible) and [DefaultConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/DefaultConstructible). The value is converted by calling the @ref json_serializer `from_json()` method. The function is equivalent to executing @code {.cpp} ValueType ret; JSONSerializer::from_json(*this, ret); return ret; @endcode This overloads is chosen if: - @a ValueType is not @ref basic_json, - @ref json_serializer has a `from_json()` method of the form `void from_json(const basic_json&, ValueType&)`, and - @ref json_serializer does not have a `from_json()` method of the form `ValueType from_json(const basic_json&)` @tparam ValueTypeCV the provided value type @tparam ValueType the returned value type @return copy of the JSON value, converted to @a ValueType @throw what @ref json_serializer `from_json()` method throws @liveexample{The example below shows several conversions from JSON values to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can be converted to integers\, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard `std::vector`\, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++ associative containers such as `std::unordered_map`.,get__ValueType_const} @since version 2.1.0 */ template, detail::enable_if_t < not std::is_same::value and detail::has_from_json::value and not detail::has_non_default_from_json::value, int> = 0> ValueType get() const noexcept(noexcept( JSONSerializer::from_json(std::declval(), std::declval()))) { // we cannot static_assert on ValueTypeCV being non-const, because // there is support for get(), which is why we // still need the uncvref static_assert(not std::is_reference::value, "get() cannot be used with reference types, you might want to use get_ref()"); static_assert(std::is_default_constructible::value, "types must be DefaultConstructible when used with get()"); ValueType ret; JSONSerializer::from_json(*this, ret); return ret; } /*! @brief get a value (explicit); special case Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value which is **not** [CopyConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyConstructible) and **not** [DefaultConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/DefaultConstructible). The value is converted by calling the @ref json_serializer `from_json()` method. The function is equivalent to executing @code {.cpp} return JSONSerializer::from_json(*this); @endcode This overloads is chosen if: - @a ValueType is not @ref basic_json and - @ref json_serializer has a `from_json()` method of the form `ValueType from_json(const basic_json&)` @note If @ref json_serializer has both overloads of `from_json()`, this one is chosen. @tparam ValueTypeCV the provided value type @tparam ValueType the returned value type @return copy of the JSON value, converted to @a ValueType @throw what @ref json_serializer `from_json()` method throws @since version 2.1.0 */ template, detail::enable_if_t::value and detail::has_non_default_from_json::value, int> = 0> ValueType get() const noexcept(noexcept( JSONSerializer::from_json(std::declval()))) { static_assert(not std::is_reference::value, "get() cannot be used with reference types, you might want to use get_ref()"); return JSONSerializer::from_json(*this); } /*! @brief get a pointer value (explicit) Explicit pointer access to the internally stored JSON value. No copies are made. @warning The pointer becomes invalid if the underlying JSON object changes. @tparam PointerType pointer type; must be a pointer to @ref array_t, @ref object_t, @ref string_t, @ref boolean_t, @ref number_integer_t, @ref number_unsigned_t, or @ref number_float_t. @return pointer to the internally stored JSON value if the requested pointer type @a PointerType fits to the JSON value; `nullptr` otherwise @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example below shows how pointers to internal values of a JSON value can be requested. Note that no type conversions are made and a `nullptr` is returned if the value and the requested pointer type does not match.,get__PointerType} @sa @ref get_ptr() for explicit pointer-member access @since version 1.0.0 */ template::value, int>::type = 0> PointerType get() noexcept { // delegate the call to get_ptr return get_ptr(); } /*! @brief get a pointer value (explicit) @copydoc get() */ template::value, int>::type = 0> constexpr const PointerType get() const noexcept { // delegate the call to get_ptr return get_ptr(); } /*! @brief get a pointer value (implicit) Implicit pointer access to the internally stored JSON value. No copies are made. @warning Writing data to the pointee of the result yields an undefined state. @tparam PointerType pointer type; must be a pointer to @ref array_t, @ref object_t, @ref string_t, @ref boolean_t, @ref number_integer_t, @ref number_unsigned_t, or @ref number_float_t. Enforced by a static assertion. @return pointer to the internally stored JSON value if the requested pointer type @a PointerType fits to the JSON value; `nullptr` otherwise @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example below shows how pointers to internal values of a JSON value can be requested. Note that no type conversions are made and a `nullptr` is returned if the value and the requested pointer type does not match.,get_ptr} @since version 1.0.0 */ template::value, int>::type = 0> PointerType get_ptr() noexcept { // get the type of the PointerType (remove pointer and const) using pointee_t = typename std::remove_const::type>::type>::type; // make sure the type matches the allowed types static_assert( std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value , "incompatible pointer type"); // delegate the call to get_impl_ptr<>() return get_impl_ptr(static_cast(nullptr)); } /*! @brief get a pointer value (implicit) @copydoc get_ptr() */ template::value and std::is_const::type>::value, int>::type = 0> constexpr const PointerType get_ptr() const noexcept { // get the type of the PointerType (remove pointer and const) using pointee_t = typename std::remove_const::type>::type>::type; // make sure the type matches the allowed types static_assert( std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value or std::is_same::value , "incompatible pointer type"); // delegate the call to get_impl_ptr<>() const return get_impl_ptr(static_cast(nullptr)); } /*! @brief get a reference value (implicit) Implicit reference access to the internally stored JSON value. No copies are made. @warning Writing data to the referee of the result yields an undefined state. @tparam ReferenceType reference type; must be a reference to @ref array_t, @ref object_t, @ref string_t, @ref boolean_t, @ref number_integer_t, or @ref number_float_t. Enforced by static assertion. @return reference to the internally stored JSON value if the requested reference type @a ReferenceType fits to the JSON value; throws type_error.303 otherwise @throw type_error.303 in case passed type @a ReferenceType is incompatible with the stored JSON value; see example below @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example shows several calls to `get_ref()`.,get_ref} @since version 1.1.0 */ template::value, int>::type = 0> ReferenceType get_ref() { // delegate call to get_ref_impl return get_ref_impl(*this); } /*! @brief get a reference value (implicit) @copydoc get_ref() */ template::value and std::is_const::type>::value, int>::type = 0> ReferenceType get_ref() const { // delegate call to get_ref_impl return get_ref_impl(*this); } /*! @brief get a value (implicit) Implicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value. The call is realized by calling @ref get() const. @tparam ValueType non-pointer type compatible to the JSON value, for instance `int` for JSON integer numbers, `bool` for JSON booleans, or `std::vector` types for JSON arrays. The character type of @ref string_t as well as an initializer list of this type is excluded to avoid ambiguities as these types implicitly convert to `std::string`. @return copy of the JSON value, converted to type @a ValueType @throw type_error.302 in case passed type @a ValueType is incompatible to the JSON value type (e.g., the JSON value is of type boolean, but a string is requested); see example below @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value. @liveexample{The example below shows several conversions from JSON values to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can be converted to integers\, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard `std::vector`\, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++ associative containers such as `std::unordered_map`.,operator__ValueType} @since version 1.0.0 */ template < typename ValueType, typename std::enable_if < not std::is_pointer::value and not std::is_same>::value and not std::is_same::value #ifndef _MSC_VER // fix for issue #167 operator<< ambiguity under VS2015 and not std::is_same>::value #endif #if defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) and not std::is_same::value #endif , int >::type = 0 > operator ValueType() const { // delegate the call to get<>() const return get(); } /// @} //////////////////// // element access // //////////////////// /// @name element access /// Access to the JSON value. /// @{ /*! @brief access specified array element with bounds checking Returns a reference to the element at specified location @a idx, with bounds checking. @param[in] idx index of the element to access @return reference to the element at index @a idx @throw type_error.304 if the JSON value is not an array; in this case, calling `at` with an index makes no sense. See example below. @throw out_of_range.401 if the index @a idx is out of range of the array; that is, `idx >= size()`. See example below. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @complexity Constant. @since version 1.0.0 @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read and written using `at()`. It also demonstrates the different exceptions that can be thrown.,at__size_type} */ reference at(size_type idx) { // at only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { JSON_TRY { return m_value.array->at(idx); } JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&) { // create better exception explanation JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, "array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range")); } } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, "cannot use at() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /*! @brief access specified array element with bounds checking Returns a const reference to the element at specified location @a idx, with bounds checking. @param[in] idx index of the element to access @return const reference to the element at index @a idx @throw type_error.304 if the JSON value is not an array; in this case, calling `at` with an index makes no sense. See example below. @throw out_of_range.401 if the index @a idx is out of range of the array; that is, `idx >= size()`. See example below. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @complexity Constant. @since version 1.0.0 @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read using `at()`. It also demonstrates the different exceptions that can be thrown., at__size_type_const} */ const_reference at(size_type idx) const { // at only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { JSON_TRY { return m_value.array->at(idx); } JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&) { // create better exception explanation JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, "array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range")); } } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, "cannot use at() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /*! @brief access specified object element with bounds checking Returns a reference to the element at with specified key @a key, with bounds checking. @param[in] key key of the element to access @return reference to the element at key @a key @throw type_error.304 if the JSON value is not an object; in this case, calling `at` with a key makes no sense. See example below. @throw out_of_range.403 if the key @a key is is not stored in the object; that is, `find(key) == end()`. See example below. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @sa @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type&) for unchecked access by reference @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value @since version 1.0.0 @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read and written using `at()`. It also demonstrates the different exceptions that can be thrown.,at__object_t_key_type} */ reference at(const typename object_t::key_type& key) { // at only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { JSON_TRY { return m_value.object->at(key); } JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&) { // create better exception explanation JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, "key '" + key + "' not found")); } } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, "cannot use at() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /*! @brief access specified object element with bounds checking Returns a const reference to the element at with specified key @a key, with bounds checking. @param[in] key key of the element to access @return const reference to the element at key @a key @throw type_error.304 if the JSON value is not an object; in this case, calling `at` with a key makes no sense. See example below. @throw out_of_range.403 if the key @a key is is not stored in the object; that is, `find(key) == end()`. See example below. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @sa @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type&) for unchecked access by reference @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value @since version 1.0.0 @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read using `at()`. It also demonstrates the different exceptions that can be thrown., at__object_t_key_type_const} */ const_reference at(const typename object_t::key_type& key) const { // at only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { JSON_TRY { return m_value.object->at(key); } JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&) { // create better exception explanation JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, "key '" + key + "' not found")); } } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(304, "cannot use at() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /*! @brief access specified array element Returns a reference to the element at specified location @a idx. @note If @a idx is beyond the range of the array (i.e., `idx >= size()`), then the array is silently filled up with `null` values to make `idx` a valid reference to the last stored element. @param[in] idx index of the element to access @return reference to the element at index @a idx @throw type_error.305 if the JSON value is not an array or null; in that cases, using the [] operator with an index makes no sense. @complexity Constant if @a idx is in the range of the array. Otherwise linear in `idx - size()`. @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read and written using `[]` operator. Note the addition of `null` values.,operatorarray__size_type} @since version 1.0.0 */ reference operator[](size_type idx) { // implicitly convert null value to an empty array if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::array; m_value.array = create(); assert_invariant(); } // operator[] only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { // fill up array with null values if given idx is outside range if (idx >= m_value.array->size()) { m_value.array->insert(m_value.array->end(), idx - m_value.array->size() + 1, basic_json()); } return m_value.array->operator[](idx); } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, "cannot use operator[] with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief access specified array element Returns a const reference to the element at specified location @a idx. @param[in] idx index of the element to access @return const reference to the element at index @a idx @throw type_error.305 if the JSON value is not an array; in that case, using the [] operator with an index makes no sense. @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__size_type_const} @since version 1.0.0 */ const_reference operator[](size_type idx) const { // const operator[] only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { return m_value.array->operator[](idx); } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, "cannot use operator[] with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief access specified object element Returns a reference to the element at with specified key @a key. @note If @a key is not found in the object, then it is silently added to the object and filled with a `null` value to make `key` a valid reference. In case the value was `null` before, it is converted to an object. @param[in] key key of the element to access @return reference to the element at key @a key @throw type_error.305 if the JSON value is not an object or null; in that cases, using the [] operator with a key makes no sense. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read and written using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type} @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference with range checking @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value @since version 1.0.0 */ reference operator[](const typename object_t::key_type& key) { // implicitly convert null value to an empty object if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::object; m_value.object = create(); assert_invariant(); } // operator[] only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { return m_value.object->operator[](key); } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, "cannot use operator[] with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief read-only access specified object element Returns a const reference to the element at with specified key @a key. No bounds checking is performed. @warning If the element with key @a key does not exist, the behavior is undefined. @param[in] key key of the element to access @return const reference to the element at key @a key @pre The element with key @a key must exist. **This precondition is enforced with an assertion.** @throw type_error.305 if the JSON value is not an object; in that case, using the [] operator with a key makes no sense. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type_const} @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference with range checking @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value @since version 1.0.0 */ const_reference operator[](const typename object_t::key_type& key) const { // const operator[] only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { assert(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end()); return m_value.object->find(key)->second; } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, "cannot use operator[] with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief access specified object element Returns a reference to the element at with specified key @a key. @note If @a key is not found in the object, then it is silently added to the object and filled with a `null` value to make `key` a valid reference. In case the value was `null` before, it is converted to an object. @param[in] key key of the element to access @return reference to the element at key @a key @throw type_error.305 if the JSON value is not an object or null; in that cases, using the [] operator with a key makes no sense. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read and written using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type} @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference with range checking @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value @since version 1.1.0 */ template reference operator[](T* key) { // implicitly convert null to object if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::object; m_value = value_t::object; assert_invariant(); } // at only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { return m_value.object->operator[](key); } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, "cannot use operator[] with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief read-only access specified object element Returns a const reference to the element at with specified key @a key. No bounds checking is performed. @warning If the element with key @a key does not exist, the behavior is undefined. @param[in] key key of the element to access @return const reference to the element at key @a key @pre The element with key @a key must exist. **This precondition is enforced with an assertion.** @throw type_error.305 if the JSON value is not an object; in that case, using the [] operator with a key makes no sense. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type_const} @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference with range checking @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value @since version 1.1.0 */ template const_reference operator[](T* key) const { // at only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { assert(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end()); return m_value.object->find(key)->second; } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(305, "cannot use operator[] with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief access specified object element with default value Returns either a copy of an object's element at the specified key @a key or a given default value if no element with key @a key exists. The function is basically equivalent to executing @code {.cpp} try { return at(key); } catch(out_of_range) { return default_value; } @endcode @note Unlike @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&), this function does not throw if the given key @a key was not found. @note Unlike @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type& key), this function does not implicitly add an element to the position defined by @a key. This function is furthermore also applicable to const objects. @param[in] key key of the element to access @param[in] default_value the value to return if @a key is not found @tparam ValueType type compatible to JSON values, for instance `int` for JSON integer numbers, `bool` for JSON booleans, or `std::vector` types for JSON arrays. Note the type of the expected value at @a key and the default value @a default_value must be compatible. @return copy of the element at key @a key or @a default_value if @a key is not found @throw type_error.306 if the JSON value is not an object; in that case, using `value()` with a key makes no sense. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be queried with a default value.,basic_json__value} @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference with range checking @sa @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type&) for unchecked access by reference @since version 1.0.0 */ template::value, int>::type = 0> ValueType value(const typename object_t::key_type& key, const ValueType& default_value) const { // at only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise const auto it = find(key); if (it != end()) { return *it; } return default_value; } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, "cannot use value() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief overload for a default value of type const char* @copydoc basic_json::value(const typename object_t::key_type&, ValueType) const */ string_t value(const typename object_t::key_type& key, const char* default_value) const { return value(key, string_t(default_value)); } /*! @brief access specified object element via JSON Pointer with default value Returns either a copy of an object's element at the specified key @a key or a given default value if no element with key @a key exists. The function is basically equivalent to executing @code {.cpp} try { return at(ptr); } catch(out_of_range) { return default_value; } @endcode @note Unlike @ref at(const json_pointer&), this function does not throw if the given key @a key was not found. @param[in] ptr a JSON pointer to the element to access @param[in] default_value the value to return if @a ptr found no value @tparam ValueType type compatible to JSON values, for instance `int` for JSON integer numbers, `bool` for JSON booleans, or `std::vector` types for JSON arrays. Note the type of the expected value at @a key and the default value @a default_value must be compatible. @return copy of the element at key @a key or @a default_value if @a key is not found @throw type_error.306 if the JSON value is not an objec; in that case, using `value()` with a key makes no sense. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container. @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be queried with a default value.,basic_json__value_ptr} @sa @ref operator[](const json_pointer&) for unchecked access by reference @since version 2.0.2 */ template::value, int>::type = 0> ValueType value(const json_pointer& ptr, const ValueType& default_value) const { // at only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { // if pointer resolves a value, return it or use default value JSON_TRY { return ptr.get_checked(this); } JSON_CATCH (out_of_range&) { return default_value; } } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(306, "cannot use value() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief overload for a default value of type const char* @copydoc basic_json::value(const json_pointer&, ValueType) const */ string_t value(const json_pointer& ptr, const char* default_value) const { return value(ptr, string_t(default_value)); } /*! @brief access the first element Returns a reference to the first element in the container. For a JSON container `c`, the expression `c.front()` is equivalent to `*c.begin()`. @return In case of a structured type (array or object), a reference to the first element is returned. In case of number, string, or boolean values, a reference to the value is returned. @complexity Constant. @pre The JSON value must not be `null` (would throw `std::out_of_range`) or an empty array or object (undefined behavior, **guarded by assertions**). @post The JSON value remains unchanged. @throw invalid_iterator.214 when called on `null` value @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `front()`.,front} @sa @ref back() -- access the last element @since version 1.0.0 */ reference front() { return *begin(); } /*! @copydoc basic_json::front() */ const_reference front() const { return *cbegin(); } /*! @brief access the last element Returns a reference to the last element in the container. For a JSON container `c`, the expression `c.back()` is equivalent to @code {.cpp} auto tmp = c.end(); --tmp; return *tmp; @endcode @return In case of a structured type (array or object), a reference to the last element is returned. In case of number, string, or boolean values, a reference to the value is returned. @complexity Constant. @pre The JSON value must not be `null` (would throw `std::out_of_range`) or an empty array or object (undefined behavior, **guarded by assertions**). @post The JSON value remains unchanged. @throw invalid_iterator.214 when called on a `null` value. See example below. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `back()`.,back} @sa @ref front() -- access the first element @since version 1.0.0 */ reference back() { auto tmp = end(); --tmp; return *tmp; } /*! @copydoc basic_json::back() */ const_reference back() const { auto tmp = cend(); --tmp; return *tmp; } /*! @brief remove element given an iterator Removes the element specified by iterator @a pos. The iterator @a pos must be valid and dereferenceable. Thus the `end()` iterator (which is valid, but is not dereferenceable) cannot be used as a value for @a pos. If called on a primitive type other than `null`, the resulting JSON value will be `null`. @param[in] pos iterator to the element to remove @return Iterator following the last removed element. If the iterator @a pos refers to the last element, the `end()` iterator is returned. @tparam IteratorType an @ref iterator or @ref const_iterator @post Invalidates iterators and references at or after the point of the erase, including the `end()` iterator. @throw type_error.307 if called on a `null` value; example: `"cannot use erase() with null"` @throw invalid_iterator.202 if called on an iterator which does not belong to the current JSON value; example: `"iterator does not fit current value"` @throw invalid_iterator.205 if called on a primitive type with invalid iterator (i.e., any iterator which is not `begin()`); example: `"iterator out of range"` @complexity The complexity depends on the type: - objects: amortized constant - arrays: linear in distance between @a pos and the end of the container - strings: linear in the length of the string - other types: constant @liveexample{The example shows the result of `erase()` for different JSON types.,erase__IteratorType} @sa @ref erase(IteratorType, IteratorType) -- removes the elements in the given range @sa @ref erase(const typename object_t::key_type&) -- removes the element from an object at the given key @sa @ref erase(const size_type) -- removes the element from an array at the given index @since version 1.0.0 */ template::value or std::is_same::value, int>::type = 0> IteratorType erase(IteratorType pos) { // make sure iterator fits the current value if (JSON_UNLIKELY(this != pos.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value")); } IteratorType result = end(); switch (m_type) { case value_t::boolean: case value_t::number_float: case value_t::number_integer: case value_t::number_unsigned: case value_t::string: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not pos.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin())) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(205, "iterator out of range")); } if (is_string()) { AllocatorType alloc; std::allocator_traits::destroy(alloc, m_value.string); std::allocator_traits::deallocate(alloc, m_value.string, 1); m_value.string = nullptr; } m_type = value_t::null; assert_invariant(); break; } case value_t::object: { result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->erase(pos.m_it.object_iterator); break; } case value_t::array: { result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->erase(pos.m_it.array_iterator); break; } default: JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, "cannot use erase() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } return result; } /*! @brief remove elements given an iterator range Removes the element specified by the range `[first; last)`. The iterator @a first does not need to be dereferenceable if `first == last`: erasing an empty range is a no-op. If called on a primitive type other than `null`, the resulting JSON value will be `null`. @param[in] first iterator to the beginning of the range to remove @param[in] last iterator past the end of the range to remove @return Iterator following the last removed element. If the iterator @a second refers to the last element, the `end()` iterator is returned. @tparam IteratorType an @ref iterator or @ref const_iterator @post Invalidates iterators and references at or after the point of the erase, including the `end()` iterator. @throw type_error.307 if called on a `null` value; example: `"cannot use erase() with null"` @throw invalid_iterator.203 if called on iterators which does not belong to the current JSON value; example: `"iterators do not fit current value"` @throw invalid_iterator.204 if called on a primitive type with invalid iterators (i.e., if `first != begin()` and `last != end()`); example: `"iterators out of range"` @complexity The complexity depends on the type: - objects: `log(size()) + std::distance(first, last)` - arrays: linear in the distance between @a first and @a last, plus linear in the distance between @a last and end of the container - strings: linear in the length of the string - other types: constant @liveexample{The example shows the result of `erase()` for different JSON types.,erase__IteratorType_IteratorType} @sa @ref erase(IteratorType) -- removes the element at a given position @sa @ref erase(const typename object_t::key_type&) -- removes the element from an object at the given key @sa @ref erase(const size_type) -- removes the element from an array at the given index @since version 1.0.0 */ template::value or std::is_same::value, int>::type = 0> IteratorType erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last) { // make sure iterator fits the current value if (JSON_UNLIKELY(this != first.m_object or this != last.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(203, "iterators do not fit current value")); } IteratorType result = end(); switch (m_type) { case value_t::boolean: case value_t::number_float: case value_t::number_integer: case value_t::number_unsigned: case value_t::string: { if (JSON_LIKELY(not first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin() or not last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end())) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(204, "iterators out of range")); } if (is_string()) { AllocatorType alloc; std::allocator_traits::destroy(alloc, m_value.string); std::allocator_traits::deallocate(alloc, m_value.string, 1); m_value.string = nullptr; } m_type = value_t::null; assert_invariant(); break; } case value_t::object: { result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->erase(first.m_it.object_iterator, last.m_it.object_iterator); break; } case value_t::array: { result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->erase(first.m_it.array_iterator, last.m_it.array_iterator); break; } default: JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, "cannot use erase() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } return result; } /*! @brief remove element from a JSON object given a key Removes elements from a JSON object with the key value @a key. @param[in] key value of the elements to remove @return Number of elements removed. If @a ObjectType is the default `std::map` type, the return value will always be `0` (@a key was not found) or `1` (@a key was found). @post References and iterators to the erased elements are invalidated. Other references and iterators are not affected. @throw type_error.307 when called on a type other than JSON object; example: `"cannot use erase() with null"` @complexity `log(size()) + count(key)` @liveexample{The example shows the effect of `erase()`.,erase__key_type} @sa @ref erase(IteratorType) -- removes the element at a given position @sa @ref erase(IteratorType, IteratorType) -- removes the elements in the given range @sa @ref erase(const size_type) -- removes the element from an array at the given index @since version 1.0.0 */ size_type erase(const typename object_t::key_type& key) { // this erase only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { return m_value.object->erase(key); } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, "cannot use erase() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief remove element from a JSON array given an index Removes element from a JSON array at the index @a idx. @param[in] idx index of the element to remove @throw type_error.307 when called on a type other than JSON object; example: `"cannot use erase() with null"` @throw out_of_range.401 when `idx >= size()`; example: `"array index 17 is out of range"` @complexity Linear in distance between @a idx and the end of the container. @liveexample{The example shows the effect of `erase()`.,erase__size_type} @sa @ref erase(IteratorType) -- removes the element at a given position @sa @ref erase(IteratorType, IteratorType) -- removes the elements in the given range @sa @ref erase(const typename object_t::key_type&) -- removes the element from an object at the given key @since version 1.0.0 */ void erase(const size_type idx) { // this erase only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(idx >= size())) { JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, "array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range")); } m_value.array->erase(m_value.array->begin() + static_cast(idx)); } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(307, "cannot use erase() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /// @} //////////// // lookup // //////////// /// @name lookup /// @{ /*! @brief find an element in a JSON object Finds an element in a JSON object with key equivalent to @a key. If the element is not found or the JSON value is not an object, end() is returned. @note This method always returns @ref end() when executed on a JSON type that is not an object. @param[in] key key value of the element to search for. @return Iterator to an element with key equivalent to @a key. If no such element is found or the JSON value is not an object, past-the-end (see @ref end()) iterator is returned. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object. @liveexample{The example shows how `find()` is used.,find__key_type} @since version 1.0.0 */ template iterator find(KeyT&& key) { auto result = end(); if (is_object()) { result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->find(std::forward(key)); } return result; } /*! @brief find an element in a JSON object @copydoc find(KeyT&&) */ template const_iterator find(KeyT&& key) const { auto result = cend(); if (is_object()) { result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->find(std::forward(key)); } return result; } /*! @brief returns the number of occurrences of a key in a JSON object Returns the number of elements with key @a key. If ObjectType is the default `std::map` type, the return value will always be `0` (@a key was not found) or `1` (@a key was found). @note This method always returns `0` when executed on a JSON type that is not an object. @param[in] key key value of the element to count @return Number of elements with key @a key. If the JSON value is not an object, the return value will be `0`. @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object. @liveexample{The example shows how `count()` is used.,count} @since version 1.0.0 */ template size_type count(KeyT&& key) const { // return 0 for all nonobject types return is_object() ? m_value.object->count(std::forward(key)) : 0; } /// @} /////////////// // iterators // /////////////// /// @name iterators /// @{ /*! @brief returns an iterator to the first element Returns an iterator to the first element. @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @return iterator to the first element @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is constant. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `begin()`.,begin} @sa @ref cbegin() -- returns a const iterator to the beginning @sa @ref end() -- returns an iterator to the end @sa @ref cend() -- returns a const iterator to the end @since version 1.0.0 */ iterator begin() noexcept { iterator result(this); result.set_begin(); return result; } /*! @copydoc basic_json::cbegin() */ const_iterator begin() const noexcept { return cbegin(); } /*! @brief returns a const iterator to the first element Returns a const iterator to the first element. @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @return const iterator to the first element @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `const_cast(*this).begin()`. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `cbegin()`.,cbegin} @sa @ref begin() -- returns an iterator to the beginning @sa @ref end() -- returns an iterator to the end @sa @ref cend() -- returns a const iterator to the end @since version 1.0.0 */ const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept { const_iterator result(this); result.set_begin(); return result; } /*! @brief returns an iterator to one past the last element Returns an iterator to one past the last element. @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @return iterator one past the last element @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is constant. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `end()`.,end} @sa @ref cend() -- returns a const iterator to the end @sa @ref begin() -- returns an iterator to the beginning @sa @ref cbegin() -- returns a const iterator to the beginning @since version 1.0.0 */ iterator end() noexcept { iterator result(this); result.set_end(); return result; } /*! @copydoc basic_json::cend() */ const_iterator end() const noexcept { return cend(); } /*! @brief returns a const iterator to one past the last element Returns a const iterator to one past the last element. @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @return const iterator one past the last element @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `const_cast(*this).end()`. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `cend()`.,cend} @sa @ref end() -- returns an iterator to the end @sa @ref begin() -- returns an iterator to the beginning @sa @ref cbegin() -- returns a const iterator to the beginning @since version 1.0.0 */ const_iterator cend() const noexcept { const_iterator result(this); result.set_end(); return result; } /*! @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning Returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning; that is, the last element. @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `reverse_iterator(end())`. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `rbegin()`.,rbegin} @sa @ref crbegin() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the beginning @sa @ref rend() -- returns a reverse iterator to the end @sa @ref crend() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the end @since version 1.0.0 */ reverse_iterator rbegin() noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); } /*! @copydoc basic_json::crbegin() */ const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept { return crbegin(); } /*! @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-end Returns an iterator to the reverse-end; that is, one before the first element. @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `reverse_iterator(begin())`. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `rend()`.,rend} @sa @ref crend() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the end @sa @ref rbegin() -- returns a reverse iterator to the beginning @sa @ref crbegin() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the beginning @since version 1.0.0 */ reverse_iterator rend() noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); } /*! @copydoc basic_json::crend() */ const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept { return crend(); } /*! @brief returns a const reverse iterator to the last element Returns a const iterator to the reverse-beginning; that is, the last element. @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `const_cast(*this).rbegin()`. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `crbegin()`.,crbegin} @sa @ref rbegin() -- returns a reverse iterator to the beginning @sa @ref rend() -- returns a reverse iterator to the end @sa @ref crend() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the end @since version 1.0.0 */ const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept { return const_reverse_iterator(cend()); } /*! @brief returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first Returns a const reverse iterator to the reverse-end; that is, one before the first element. @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com" @complexity Constant. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `const_cast(*this).rend()`. @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `crend()`.,crend} @sa @ref rend() -- returns a reverse iterator to the end @sa @ref rbegin() -- returns a reverse iterator to the beginning @sa @ref crbegin() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the beginning @since version 1.0.0 */ const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept { return const_reverse_iterator(cbegin()); } public: /*! @brief wrapper to access iterator member functions in range-based for This function allows to access @ref iterator::key() and @ref iterator::value() during range-based for loops. In these loops, a reference to the JSON values is returned, so there is no access to the underlying iterator. For loop without iterator_wrapper: @code{cpp} for (auto it = j_object.begin(); it != j_object.end(); ++it) { std::cout << "key: " << it.key() << ", value:" << it.value() << '\n'; } @endcode Range-based for loop without iterator proxy: @code{cpp} for (auto it : j_object) { // "it" is of type json::reference and has no key() member std::cout << "value: " << it << '\n'; } @endcode Range-based for loop with iterator proxy: @code{cpp} for (auto it : json::iterator_wrapper(j_object)) { std::cout << "key: " << it.key() << ", value:" << it.value() << '\n'; } @endcode @note When iterating over an array, `key()` will return the index of the element as string (see example). @param[in] ref reference to a JSON value @return iteration proxy object wrapping @a ref with an interface to use in range-based for loops @liveexample{The following code shows how the wrapper is used,iterator_wrapper} @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @complexity Constant. @note The name of this function is not yet final and may change in the future. */ static iteration_proxy iterator_wrapper(reference ref) { return iteration_proxy(ref); } /*! @copydoc iterator_wrapper(reference) */ static iteration_proxy iterator_wrapper(const_reference ref) { return iteration_proxy(ref); } /// @} ////////////// // capacity // ////////////// /// @name capacity /// @{ /*! @brief checks whether the container is empty. Checks if a JSON value has no elements (i.e. whether its @ref size is `0`). @return The return value depends on the different types and is defined as follows: Value type | return value ----------- | ------------- null | `true` boolean | `false` string | `false` number | `false` object | result of function `object_t::empty()` array | result of function `array_t::empty()` @liveexample{The following code uses `empty()` to check if a JSON object contains any elements.,empty} @complexity Constant, as long as @ref array_t and @ref object_t satisfy the Container concept; that is, their `empty()` functions have constant complexity. @iterators No changes. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @note This function does not return whether a string stored as JSON value is empty - it returns whether the JSON container itself is empty which is false in the case of a string. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `begin() == end()`. @sa @ref size() -- returns the number of elements @since version 1.0.0 */ bool empty() const noexcept { switch (m_type) { case value_t::null: { // null values are empty return true; } case value_t::array: { // delegate call to array_t::empty() return m_value.array->empty(); } case value_t::object: { // delegate call to object_t::empty() return m_value.object->empty(); } default: { // all other types are nonempty return false; } } } /*! @brief returns the number of elements Returns the number of elements in a JSON value. @return The return value depends on the different types and is defined as follows: Value type | return value ----------- | ------------- null | `0` boolean | `1` string | `1` number | `1` object | result of function object_t::size() array | result of function array_t::size() @liveexample{The following code calls `size()` on the different value types.,size} @complexity Constant, as long as @ref array_t and @ref object_t satisfy the Container concept; that is, their size() functions have constant complexity. @iterators No changes. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @note This function does not return the length of a string stored as JSON value - it returns the number of elements in the JSON value which is 1 in the case of a string. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of `std::distance(begin(), end())`. @sa @ref empty() -- checks whether the container is empty @sa @ref max_size() -- returns the maximal number of elements @since version 1.0.0 */ size_type size() const noexcept { switch (m_type) { case value_t::null: { // null values are empty return 0; } case value_t::array: { // delegate call to array_t::size() return m_value.array->size(); } case value_t::object: { // delegate call to object_t::size() return m_value.object->size(); } default: { // all other types have size 1 return 1; } } } /*! @brief returns the maximum possible number of elements Returns the maximum number of elements a JSON value is able to hold due to system or library implementation limitations, i.e. `std::distance(begin(), end())` for the JSON value. @return The return value depends on the different types and is defined as follows: Value type | return value ----------- | ------------- null | `0` (same as `size()`) boolean | `1` (same as `size()`) string | `1` (same as `size()`) number | `1` (same as `size()`) object | result of function `object_t::max_size()` array | result of function `array_t::max_size()` @liveexample{The following code calls `max_size()` on the different value types. Note the output is implementation specific.,max_size} @complexity Constant, as long as @ref array_t and @ref object_t satisfy the Container concept; that is, their `max_size()` functions have constant complexity. @iterators No changes. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container) requirements: - The complexity is constant. - Has the semantics of returning `b.size()` where `b` is the largest possible JSON value. @sa @ref size() -- returns the number of elements @since version 1.0.0 */ size_type max_size() const noexcept { switch (m_type) { case value_t::array: { // delegate call to array_t::max_size() return m_value.array->max_size(); } case value_t::object: { // delegate call to object_t::max_size() return m_value.object->max_size(); } default: { // all other types have max_size() == size() return size(); } } } /// @} /////////////// // modifiers // /////////////// /// @name modifiers /// @{ /*! @brief clears the contents Clears the content of a JSON value and resets it to the default value as if @ref basic_json(value_t) would have been called with the current value type from @ref type(): Value type | initial value ----------- | ------------- null | `null` boolean | `false` string | `""` number | `0` object | `{}` array | `[]` @post Has the same effect as calling @code {.cpp} *this = basic_json(type()); @endcode @liveexample{The example below shows the effect of `clear()` to different JSON types.,clear} @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value. @iterators All iterators, pointers and references related to this container are invalidated. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @sa @ref basic_json(value_t) -- constructor that creates an object with the same value than calling `clear()` @since version 1.0.0 */ void clear() noexcept { switch (m_type) { case value_t::number_integer: { m_value.number_integer = 0; break; } case value_t::number_unsigned: { m_value.number_unsigned = 0; break; } case value_t::number_float: { m_value.number_float = 0.0; break; } case value_t::boolean: { m_value.boolean = false; break; } case value_t::string: { m_value.string->clear(); break; } case value_t::array: { m_value.array->clear(); break; } case value_t::object: { m_value.object->clear(); break; } default: break; } } /*! @brief add an object to an array Appends the given element @a val to the end of the JSON value. If the function is called on a JSON null value, an empty array is created before appending @a val. @param[in] val the value to add to the JSON array @throw type_error.308 when called on a type other than JSON array or null; example: `"cannot use push_back() with number"` @complexity Amortized constant. @liveexample{The example shows how `push_back()` and `+=` can be used to add elements to a JSON array. Note how the `null` value was silently converted to a JSON array.,push_back} @since version 1.0.0 */ void push_back(basic_json&& val) { // push_back only works for null objects or arrays if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_array()))) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, "cannot use push_back() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // transform null object into an array if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::array; m_value = value_t::array; assert_invariant(); } // add element to array (move semantics) m_value.array->push_back(std::move(val)); // invalidate object val.m_type = value_t::null; } /*! @brief add an object to an array @copydoc push_back(basic_json&&) */ reference operator+=(basic_json&& val) { push_back(std::move(val)); return *this; } /*! @brief add an object to an array @copydoc push_back(basic_json&&) */ void push_back(const basic_json& val) { // push_back only works for null objects or arrays if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_array()))) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, "cannot use push_back() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // transform null object into an array if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::array; m_value = value_t::array; assert_invariant(); } // add element to array m_value.array->push_back(val); } /*! @brief add an object to an array @copydoc push_back(basic_json&&) */ reference operator+=(const basic_json& val) { push_back(val); return *this; } /*! @brief add an object to an object Inserts the given element @a val to the JSON object. If the function is called on a JSON null value, an empty object is created before inserting @a val. @param[in] val the value to add to the JSON object @throw type_error.308 when called on a type other than JSON object or null; example: `"cannot use push_back() with number"` @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container, O(log(`size()`)). @liveexample{The example shows how `push_back()` and `+=` can be used to add elements to a JSON object. Note how the `null` value was silently converted to a JSON object.,push_back__object_t__value} @since version 1.0.0 */ void push_back(const typename object_t::value_type& val) { // push_back only works for null objects or objects if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_object()))) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, "cannot use push_back() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // transform null object into an object if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::object; m_value = value_t::object; assert_invariant(); } // add element to array m_value.object->insert(val); } /*! @brief add an object to an object @copydoc push_back(const typename object_t::value_type&) */ reference operator+=(const typename object_t::value_type& val) { push_back(val); return *this; } /*! @brief add an object to an object This function allows to use `push_back` with an initializer list. In case 1. the current value is an object, 2. the initializer list @a init contains only two elements, and 3. the first element of @a init is a string, @a init is converted into an object element and added using @ref push_back(const typename object_t::value_type&). Otherwise, @a init is converted to a JSON value and added using @ref push_back(basic_json&&). @param[in] init an initializer list @complexity Linear in the size of the initializer list @a init. @note This function is required to resolve an ambiguous overload error, because pairs like `{"key", "value"}` can be both interpreted as `object_t::value_type` or `std::initializer_list`, see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/235 for more information. @liveexample{The example shows how initializer lists are treated as objects when possible.,push_back__initializer_list} */ void push_back(initializer_list_t init) { if (is_object() and init.size() == 2 and (*init.begin())->is_string()) { basic_json&& key = init.begin()->moved_or_copied(); push_back(typename object_t::value_type( std::move(key.get_ref()), (init.begin() + 1)->moved_or_copied())); } else { push_back(basic_json(init)); } } /*! @brief add an object to an object @copydoc push_back(initializer_list_t) */ reference operator+=(initializer_list_t init) { push_back(init); return *this; } /*! @brief add an object to an array Creates a JSON value from the passed parameters @a args to the end of the JSON value. If the function is called on a JSON null value, an empty array is created before appending the value created from @a args. @param[in] args arguments to forward to a constructor of @ref basic_json @tparam Args compatible types to create a @ref basic_json object @throw type_error.311 when called on a type other than JSON array or null; example: `"cannot use emplace_back() with number"` @complexity Amortized constant. @liveexample{The example shows how `push_back()` can be used to add elements to a JSON array. Note how the `null` value was silently converted to a JSON array.,emplace_back} @since version 2.0.8 */ template void emplace_back(Args&& ... args) { // emplace_back only works for null objects or arrays if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_array()))) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, "cannot use emplace_back() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // transform null object into an array if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::array; m_value = value_t::array; assert_invariant(); } // add element to array (perfect forwarding) m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward(args)...); } /*! @brief add an object to an object if key does not exist Inserts a new element into a JSON object constructed in-place with the given @a args if there is no element with the key in the container. If the function is called on a JSON null value, an empty object is created before appending the value created from @a args. @param[in] args arguments to forward to a constructor of @ref basic_json @tparam Args compatible types to create a @ref basic_json object @return a pair consisting of an iterator to the inserted element, or the already-existing element if no insertion happened, and a bool denoting whether the insertion took place. @throw type_error.311 when called on a type other than JSON object or null; example: `"cannot use emplace() with number"` @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container, O(log(`size()`)). @liveexample{The example shows how `emplace()` can be used to add elements to a JSON object. Note how the `null` value was silently converted to a JSON object. Further note how no value is added if there was already one value stored with the same key.,emplace} @since version 2.0.8 */ template std::pair emplace(Args&& ... args) { // emplace only works for null objects or arrays if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not(is_null() or is_object()))) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, "cannot use emplace() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // transform null object into an object if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::object; m_value = value_t::object; assert_invariant(); } // add element to array (perfect forwarding) auto res = m_value.object->emplace(std::forward(args)...); // create result iterator and set iterator to the result of emplace auto it = begin(); it.m_it.object_iterator = res.first; // return pair of iterator and boolean return {it, res.second}; } /*! @brief inserts element Inserts element @a val before iterator @a pos. @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be the end() iterator @param[in] val element to insert @return iterator pointing to the inserted @a val. @throw type_error.309 if called on JSON values other than arrays; example: `"cannot use insert() with string"` @throw invalid_iterator.202 if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example: `"iterator does not fit current value"` @complexity Constant plus linear in the distance between @a pos and end of the container. @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert} @since version 1.0.0 */ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const basic_json& val) { // insert only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value if (JSON_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value")); } // insert to array and return iterator iterator result(this); result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, val); return result; } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief inserts element @copydoc insert(const_iterator, const basic_json&) */ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, basic_json&& val) { return insert(pos, val); } /*! @brief inserts elements Inserts @a cnt copies of @a val before iterator @a pos. @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be the end() iterator @param[in] cnt number of copies of @a val to insert @param[in] val element to insert @return iterator pointing to the first element inserted, or @a pos if `cnt==0` @throw type_error.309 if called on JSON values other than arrays; example: `"cannot use insert() with string"` @throw invalid_iterator.202 if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example: `"iterator does not fit current value"` @complexity Linear in @a cnt plus linear in the distance between @a pos and end of the container. @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert__count} @since version 1.0.0 */ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, size_type cnt, const basic_json& val) { // insert only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value if (JSON_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value")); } // insert to array and return iterator iterator result(this); result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, cnt, val); return result; } JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } /*! @brief inserts elements Inserts elements from range `[first, last)` before iterator @a pos. @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be the end() iterator @param[in] first begin of the range of elements to insert @param[in] last end of the range of elements to insert @throw type_error.309 if called on JSON values other than arrays; example: `"cannot use insert() with string"` @throw invalid_iterator.202 if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example: `"iterator does not fit current value"` @throw invalid_iterator.210 if @a first and @a last do not belong to the same JSON value; example: `"iterators do not fit"` @throw invalid_iterator.211 if @a first or @a last are iterators into container for which insert is called; example: `"passed iterators may not belong to container"` @return iterator pointing to the first element inserted, or @a pos if `first==last` @complexity Linear in `std::distance(first, last)` plus linear in the distance between @a pos and end of the container. @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert__range} @since version 1.0.0 */ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const_iterator first, const_iterator last) { // insert only works for arrays if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not is_array())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value if (JSON_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value")); } // check if range iterators belong to the same JSON object if (JSON_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(210, "iterators do not fit")); } if (JSON_UNLIKELY(first.m_object == this)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(211, "passed iterators may not belong to container")); } // insert to array and return iterator iterator result(this); result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert( pos.m_it.array_iterator, first.m_it.array_iterator, last.m_it.array_iterator); return result; } /*! @brief inserts elements Inserts elements from initializer list @a ilist before iterator @a pos. @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be the end() iterator @param[in] ilist initializer list to insert the values from @throw type_error.309 if called on JSON values other than arrays; example: `"cannot use insert() with string"` @throw invalid_iterator.202 if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example: `"iterator does not fit current value"` @return iterator pointing to the first element inserted, or @a pos if `ilist` is empty @complexity Linear in `ilist.size()` plus linear in the distance between @a pos and end of the container. @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert__ilist} @since version 1.0.0 */ iterator insert(const_iterator pos, initializer_list_t ilist) { // insert only works for arrays if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not is_array())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value if (JSON_UNLIKELY(pos.m_object != this)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value")); } // insert to array and return iterator iterator result(this); result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, ilist.begin(), ilist.end()); return result; } /*! @brief inserts elements Inserts elements from range `[first, last)`. @param[in] first begin of the range of elements to insert @param[in] last end of the range of elements to insert @throw type_error.309 if called on JSON values other than objects; example: `"cannot use insert() with string"` @throw invalid_iterator.202 if iterator @a first or @a last does does not point to an object; example: `"iterators first and last must point to objects"` @throw invalid_iterator.210 if @a first and @a last do not belong to the same JSON value; example: `"iterators do not fit"` @complexity Logarithmic: `O(N*log(size() + N))`, where `N` is the number of elements to insert. @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert__range_object} @since version 3.0.0 */ void insert(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) { // insert only works for objects if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not is_object())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(309, "cannot use insert() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // check if range iterators belong to the same JSON object if (JSON_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(210, "iterators do not fit")); } // passed iterators must belong to objects if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not first.m_object->is_object())) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterators first and last must point to objects")); } m_value.object->insert(first.m_it.object_iterator, last.m_it.object_iterator); } /*! @brief updates a JSON object from another object, overwriting existing keys Inserts all values from JSON object @a j and overwrites existing keys. @param[in] j JSON object to read values from @throw type_error.312 if called on JSON values other than objects; example: `"cannot use update() with string"` @complexity O(N*log(size() + N)), where N is the number of elements to insert. @liveexample{The example shows how `update()` is used.,update} @sa https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/stdtypes.html#dict.update @since version 3.0.0 */ void update(const_reference j) { // implicitly convert null value to an empty object if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::object; m_value.object = create(); assert_invariant(); } if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not is_object())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, "cannot use update() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not j.is_object())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, "cannot use update() with " + std::string(j.type_name()))); } for (auto it = j.cbegin(); it != j.cend(); ++it) { m_value.object->operator[](it.key()) = it.value(); } } /*! @brief updates a JSON object from another object, overwriting existing keys Inserts all values from from range `[first, last)` and overwrites existing keys. @param[in] first begin of the range of elements to insert @param[in] last end of the range of elements to insert @throw type_error.312 if called on JSON values other than objects; example: `"cannot use update() with string"` @throw invalid_iterator.202 if iterator @a first or @a last does does not point to an object; example: `"iterators first and last must point to objects"` @throw invalid_iterator.210 if @a first and @a last do not belong to the same JSON value; example: `"iterators do not fit"` @complexity O(N*log(size() + N)), where N is the number of elements to insert. @liveexample{The example shows how `update()` is used__range.,update} @sa https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/stdtypes.html#dict.update @since version 3.0.0 */ void update(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) { // implicitly convert null value to an empty object if (is_null()) { m_type = value_t::object; m_value.object = create(); assert_invariant(); } if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not is_object())) { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(312, "cannot use update() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } // check if range iterators belong to the same JSON object if (JSON_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object)) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(210, "iterators do not fit")); } // passed iterators must belong to objects if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not first.m_object->is_object() or not first.m_object->is_object())) { JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterators first and last must point to objects")); } for (auto it = first; it != last; ++it) { m_value.object->operator[](it.key()) = it.value(); } } /*! @brief exchanges the values Exchanges the contents of the JSON value with those of @a other. Does not invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is invalidated. @param[in,out] other JSON value to exchange the contents with @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example below shows how JSON values can be swapped with `swap()`.,swap__reference} @since version 1.0.0 */ void swap(reference other) noexcept ( std::is_nothrow_move_constructible::value and std::is_nothrow_move_assignable::value and std::is_nothrow_move_constructible::value and std::is_nothrow_move_assignable::value ) { std::swap(m_type, other.m_type); std::swap(m_value, other.m_value); assert_invariant(); } /*! @brief exchanges the values Exchanges the contents of a JSON array with those of @a other. Does not invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is invalidated. @param[in,out] other array to exchange the contents with @throw type_error.310 when JSON value is not an array; example: `"cannot use swap() with string"` @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example below shows how arrays can be swapped with `swap()`.,swap__array_t} @since version 1.0.0 */ void swap(array_t& other) { // swap only works for arrays if (JSON_LIKELY(is_array())) { std::swap(*(m_value.array), other); } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, "cannot use swap() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /*! @brief exchanges the values Exchanges the contents of a JSON object with those of @a other. Does not invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is invalidated. @param[in,out] other object to exchange the contents with @throw type_error.310 when JSON value is not an object; example: `"cannot use swap() with string"` @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example below shows how objects can be swapped with `swap()`.,swap__object_t} @since version 1.0.0 */ void swap(object_t& other) { // swap only works for objects if (JSON_LIKELY(is_object())) { std::swap(*(m_value.object), other); } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, "cannot use swap() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /*! @brief exchanges the values Exchanges the contents of a JSON string with those of @a other. Does not invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is invalidated. @param[in,out] other string to exchange the contents with @throw type_error.310 when JSON value is not a string; example: `"cannot use swap() with boolean"` @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The example below shows how strings can be swapped with `swap()`.,swap__string_t} @since version 1.0.0 */ void swap(string_t& other) { // swap only works for strings if (JSON_LIKELY(is_string())) { std::swap(*(m_value.string), other); } else { JSON_THROW(type_error::create(310, "cannot use swap() with " + std::string(type_name()))); } } /// @} public: ////////////////////////////////////////// // lexicographical comparison operators // ////////////////////////////////////////// /// @name lexicographical comparison operators /// @{ /*! @brief comparison: equal Compares two JSON values for equality according to the following rules: - Two JSON values are equal if (1) they are from the same type and (2) their stored values are the same according to their respective `operator==`. - Integer and floating-point numbers are automatically converted before comparison. Note than two NaN values are always treated as unequal. - Two JSON null values are equal. @note Floating-point inside JSON values numbers are compared with `json::number_float_t::operator==` which is `double::operator==` by default. To compare floating-point while respecting an epsilon, an alternative [comparison function](https://github.com/mariokonrad/marnav/blob/master/src/marnav/math/floatingpoint.hpp#L34-#L39) could be used, for instance @code {.cpp} template::value, T>::type> inline bool is_same(T a, T b, T epsilon = std::numeric_limits::epsilon()) noexcept { return std::abs(a - b) <= epsilon; } @endcode @note NaN values never compare equal to themselves or to other NaN values. @param[in] lhs first JSON value to consider @param[in] rhs second JSON value to consider @return whether the values @a lhs and @a rhs are equal @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @complexity Linear. @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.,operator__equal} @since version 1.0.0 */ friend bool operator==(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { const auto lhs_type = lhs.type(); const auto rhs_type = rhs.type(); if (lhs_type == rhs_type) { switch (lhs_type) { case value_t::array: return (*lhs.m_value.array == *rhs.m_value.array); case value_t::object: return (*lhs.m_value.object == *rhs.m_value.object); case value_t::null: return true; case value_t::string: return (*lhs.m_value.string == *rhs.m_value.string); case value_t::boolean: return (lhs.m_value.boolean == rhs.m_value.boolean); case value_t::number_integer: return (lhs.m_value.number_integer == rhs.m_value.number_integer); case value_t::number_unsigned: return (lhs.m_value.number_unsigned == rhs.m_value.number_unsigned); case value_t::number_float: return (lhs.m_value.number_float == rhs.m_value.number_float); default: return false; } } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_float) { return (static_cast(lhs.m_value.number_integer) == rhs.m_value.number_float); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer) { return (lhs.m_value.number_float == static_cast(rhs.m_value.number_integer)); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_float) { return (static_cast(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) == rhs.m_value.number_float); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned) { return (lhs.m_value.number_float == static_cast(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned)); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer) { return (static_cast(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) == rhs.m_value.number_integer); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned) { return (lhs.m_value.number_integer == static_cast(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned)); } return false; } /*! @brief comparison: equal @copydoc operator==(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator==(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept { return (lhs == basic_json(rhs)); } /*! @brief comparison: equal @copydoc operator==(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator==(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return (basic_json(lhs) == rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: not equal Compares two JSON values for inequality by calculating `not (lhs == rhs)`. @param[in] lhs first JSON value to consider @param[in] rhs second JSON value to consider @return whether the values @a lhs and @a rhs are not equal @complexity Linear. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.,operator__notequal} @since version 1.0.0 */ friend bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return not (lhs == rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: not equal @copydoc operator!=(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept { return (lhs != basic_json(rhs)); } /*! @brief comparison: not equal @copydoc operator!=(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator!=(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return (basic_json(lhs) != rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: less than Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is less than another JSON value @a rhs according to the following rules: - If @a lhs and @a rhs have the same type, the values are compared using the default `<` operator. - Integer and floating-point numbers are automatically converted before comparison - In case @a lhs and @a rhs have different types, the values are ignored and the order of the types is considered, see @ref operator<(const value_t, const value_t). @param[in] lhs first JSON value to consider @param[in] rhs second JSON value to consider @return whether @a lhs is less than @a rhs @complexity Linear. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.,operator__less} @since version 1.0.0 */ friend bool operator<(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { const auto lhs_type = lhs.type(); const auto rhs_type = rhs.type(); if (lhs_type == rhs_type) { switch (lhs_type) { case value_t::array: return (*lhs.m_value.array) < (*rhs.m_value.array); case value_t::object: return *lhs.m_value.object < *rhs.m_value.object; case value_t::null: return false; case value_t::string: return *lhs.m_value.string < *rhs.m_value.string; case value_t::boolean: return lhs.m_value.boolean < rhs.m_value.boolean; case value_t::number_integer: return lhs.m_value.number_integer < rhs.m_value.number_integer; case value_t::number_unsigned: return lhs.m_value.number_unsigned < rhs.m_value.number_unsigned; case value_t::number_float: return lhs.m_value.number_float < rhs.m_value.number_float; default: return false; } } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_float) { return static_cast(lhs.m_value.number_integer) < rhs.m_value.number_float; } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer) { return lhs.m_value.number_float < static_cast(rhs.m_value.number_integer); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_float) { return static_cast(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) < rhs.m_value.number_float; } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned) { return lhs.m_value.number_float < static_cast(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned) { return lhs.m_value.number_integer < static_cast(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned); } else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer) { return static_cast(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) < rhs.m_value.number_integer; } // We only reach this line if we cannot compare values. In that case, // we compare types. Note we have to call the operator explicitly, // because MSVC has problems otherwise. return operator<(lhs_type, rhs_type); } /*! @brief comparison: less than @copydoc operator<(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator<(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept { return (lhs < basic_json(rhs)); } /*! @brief comparison: less than @copydoc operator<(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator<(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return (basic_json(lhs) < rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: less than or equal Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is less than or equal to another JSON value by calculating `not (rhs < lhs)`. @param[in] lhs first JSON value to consider @param[in] rhs second JSON value to consider @return whether @a lhs is less than or equal to @a rhs @complexity Linear. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.,operator__greater} @since version 1.0.0 */ friend bool operator<=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return not (rhs < lhs); } /*! @brief comparison: less than or equal @copydoc operator<=(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator<=(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept { return (lhs <= basic_json(rhs)); } /*! @brief comparison: less than or equal @copydoc operator<=(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator<=(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return (basic_json(lhs) <= rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is greater than another JSON value by calculating `not (lhs <= rhs)`. @param[in] lhs first JSON value to consider @param[in] rhs second JSON value to consider @return whether @a lhs is greater than to @a rhs @complexity Linear. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.,operator__lessequal} @since version 1.0.0 */ friend bool operator>(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return not (lhs <= rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than @copydoc operator>(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator>(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept { return (lhs > basic_json(rhs)); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than @copydoc operator>(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator>(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return (basic_json(lhs) > rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than or equal Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is greater than or equal to another JSON value by calculating `not (lhs < rhs)`. @param[in] lhs first JSON value to consider @param[in] rhs second JSON value to consider @return whether @a lhs is greater than or equal to @a rhs @complexity Linear. @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.,operator__greaterequal} @since version 1.0.0 */ friend bool operator>=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return not (lhs < rhs); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than or equal @copydoc operator>=(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator>=(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept { return (lhs >= basic_json(rhs)); } /*! @brief comparison: greater than or equal @copydoc operator>=(const_reference, const_reference) */ template::value, int>::type = 0> friend bool operator>=(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept { return (basic_json(lhs) >= rhs); } /// @} /////////////////// // serialization // /////////////////// /// @name serialization /// @{ /*! @brief serialize to stream Serialize the given JSON value @a j to the output stream @a o. The JSON value will be serialized using the @ref dump member function. - The indentation of the output can be controlled with the member variable `width` of the output stream @a o. For instance, using the manipulator `std::setw(4)` on @a o sets the indentation level to `4` and the serialization result is the same as calling `dump(4)`. - The indentation character can be controlled with the member variable `fill` of the output stream @a o. For instance, the manipulator `std::setfill('\\t')` sets indentation to use a tab character rather than the default space character. @param[in,out] o stream to serialize to @param[in] j JSON value to serialize @return the stream @a o @throw type_error.316 if a string stored inside the JSON value is not UTF-8 encoded @complexity Linear. @liveexample{The example below shows the serialization with different parameters to `width` to adjust the indentation level.,operator_serialize} @since version 1.0.0; indentation character added in version 3.0.0 */ friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const basic_json& j) { // read width member and use it as indentation parameter if nonzero const bool pretty_print = (o.width() > 0); const auto indentation = (pretty_print ? o.width() : 0); // reset width to 0 for subsequent calls to this stream o.width(0); // do the actual serialization serializer s(detail::output_adapter(o), o.fill()); s.dump(j, pretty_print, false, static_cast(indentation)); return o; } /*! @brief serialize to stream @deprecated This stream operator is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of the library. Please use @ref operator<<(std::ostream&, const basic_json&) instead; that is, replace calls like `j >> o;` with `o << j;`. @since version 1.0.0; deprecated since version 3.0.0 */ JSON_DEPRECATED friend std::ostream& operator>>(const basic_json& j, std::ostream& o) { return o << j; } /// @} ///////////////////// // deserialization // ///////////////////// /// @name deserialization /// @{ /*! @brief deserialize from a compatible input This function reads from a compatible input. Examples are: - an array of 1-byte values - strings with character/literal type with size of 1 byte - input streams - container with contiguous storage of 1-byte values. Compatible container types include `std::vector`, `std::string`, `std::array`, `std::valarray`, and `std::initializer_list`. Furthermore, C-style arrays can be used with `std::begin()`/`std::end()`. User-defined containers can be used as long as they implement random-access iterators and a contiguous storage. @pre Each element of the container has a size of 1 byte. Violating this precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced with a static assertion.** @pre The container storage is contiguous. Violating this precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced with an assertion.** @pre Each element of the container has a size of 1 byte. Violating this precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced with a static assertion.** @warning There is no way to enforce all preconditions at compile-time. If the function is called with a noncompliant container and with assertions switched off, the behavior is undefined and will most likely yield segmentation violation. @param[in] i input to read from @param[in] cb a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values (optional) @return result of the deserialization @throw parse_error.101 if a parse error occurs; example: `""unexpected end of input; expected string literal""` @throw parse_error.102 if to_unicode fails or surrogate error @throw parse_error.103 if to_unicode fails @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function @a cb has a super-linear complexity. @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored. @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from an array.,parse__array__parser_callback_t} @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with and without callback function.,parse__string__parser_callback_t} @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with and without callback function.,parse__istream__parser_callback_t} @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from a contiguous container.,parse__contiguouscontainer__parser_callback_t} @since version 2.0.3 (contiguous containers) */ static basic_json parse(detail::input_adapter i, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr, const bool allow_exceptions = true) { basic_json result; parser(i, cb, allow_exceptions).parse(true, result); return result; } /*! @copydoc basic_json parse(detail::input_adapter, const parser_callback_t) */ static basic_json parse(detail::input_adapter& i, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr, const bool allow_exceptions = true) { basic_json result; parser(i, cb, allow_exceptions).parse(true, result); return result; } static bool accept(detail::input_adapter i) { return parser(i).accept(true); } static bool accept(detail::input_adapter& i) { return parser(i).accept(true); } /*! @brief deserialize from an iterator range with contiguous storage This function reads from an iterator range of a container with contiguous storage of 1-byte values. Compatible container types include `std::vector`, `std::string`, `std::array`, `std::valarray`, and `std::initializer_list`. Furthermore, C-style arrays can be used with `std::begin()`/`std::end()`. User-defined containers can be used as long as they implement random-access iterators and a contiguous storage. @pre The iterator range is contiguous. Violating this precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced with an assertion.** @pre Each element in the range has a size of 1 byte. Violating this precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced with a static assertion.** @warning There is no way to enforce all preconditions at compile-time. If the function is called with noncompliant iterators and with assertions switched off, the behavior is undefined and will most likely yield segmentation violation. @tparam IteratorType iterator of container with contiguous storage @param[in] first begin of the range to parse (included) @param[in] last end of the range to parse (excluded) @param[in] cb a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values (optional) @param[in] allow_exceptions whether to throw exceptions in case of a parse error (optional, true by default) @return result of the deserialization @throw parse_error.101 in case of an unexpected token @throw parse_error.102 if to_unicode fails or surrogate error @throw parse_error.103 if to_unicode fails @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function @a cb has a super-linear complexity. @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored. @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from an iterator range.,parse__iteratortype__parser_callback_t} @since version 2.0.3 */ template::iterator_category>::value, int>::type = 0> static basic_json parse(IteratorType first, IteratorType last, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr, const bool allow_exceptions = true) { basic_json result; parser(detail::input_adapter(first, last), cb, allow_exceptions).parse(true, result); return result; } template::iterator_category>::value, int>::type = 0> static bool accept(IteratorType first, IteratorType last) { return parser(detail::input_adapter(first, last)).accept(true); } /*! @brief deserialize from stream @deprecated This stream operator is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of the library. Please use @ref operator>>(std::istream&, basic_json&) instead; that is, replace calls like `j << i;` with `i >> j;`. @since version 1.0.0; deprecated since version 3.0.0 */ JSON_DEPRECATED friend std::istream& operator<<(basic_json& j, std::istream& i) { return operator>>(i, j); } /*! @brief deserialize from stream Deserializes an input stream to a JSON value. @param[in,out] i input stream to read a serialized JSON value from @param[in,out] j JSON value to write the deserialized input to @throw parse_error.101 in case of an unexpected token @throw parse_error.102 if to_unicode fails or surrogate error @throw parse_error.103 if to_unicode fails @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive LL(1) parser. @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored. @liveexample{The example below shows how a JSON value is constructed by reading a serialization from a stream.,operator_deserialize} @sa parse(std::istream&, const parser_callback_t) for a variant with a parser callback function to filter values while parsing @since version 1.0.0 */ friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& i, basic_json& j) { parser(detail::input_adapter(i)).parse(false, j); return i; } /// @} /////////////////////////// // convenience functions // /////////////////////////// /*! @brief return the type as string Returns the type name as string to be used in error messages - usually to indicate that a function was called on a wrong JSON type. @return a string representation of a the @a m_type member: Value type | return value ----------- | ------------- null | `"null"` boolean | `"boolean"` string | `"string"` number | `"number"` (for all number types) object | `"object"` array | `"array"` discarded | `"discarded"` @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions. @complexity Constant. @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `type_name()` for all JSON types.,type_name} @sa @ref type() -- return the type of the JSON value @sa @ref operator value_t() -- return the type of the JSON value (implicit) @since version 1.0.0, public since 2.1.0, `const char*` and `noexcept` since 3.0.0 */ const char* type_name() const noexcept { { switch (m_type) { case value_t::null: return "null"; case value_t::object: return "object"; case value_t::array: return "array"; case value_t::string: return "string"; case value_t::boolean: return "boolean"; case value_t::discarded: return "discarded"; default: return "number"; } } } private: ////////////////////// // member variables // ////////////////////// /// the type of the current element value_t m_type = value_t::null; /// the value of the current element json_value m_value = {}; ////////////////////////////////////////// // binary serialization/deserialization // ////////////////////////////////////////// /// @name binary serialization/deserialization support /// @{ public: /*! @brief create a CBOR serialization of a given JSON value Serializes a given JSON value @a j to a byte vector using the CBOR (Concise Binary Object Representation) serialization format. CBOR is a binary serialization format which aims to be more compact than JSON itself, yet more efficient to parse. The library uses the following mapping from JSON values types to CBOR types according to the CBOR specification (RFC 7049): JSON value type | value/range | CBOR type | first byte --------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------- | --------------- null | `null` | Null | 0xF6 boolean | `true` | True | 0xF5 boolean | `false` | False | 0xF4 number_integer | -9223372036854775808..-2147483649 | Negative integer (8 bytes follow) | 0x3B number_integer | -2147483648..-32769 | Negative integer (4 bytes follow) | 0x3A number_integer | -32768..-129 | Negative integer (2 bytes follow) | 0x39 number_integer | -128..-25 | Negative integer (1 byte follow) | 0x38 number_integer | -24..-1 | Negative integer | 0x20..0x37 number_integer | 0..23 | Integer | 0x00..0x17 number_integer | 24..255 | Unsigned integer (1 byte follow) | 0x18 number_integer | 256..65535 | Unsigned integer (2 bytes follow) | 0x19 number_integer | 65536..4294967295 | Unsigned integer (4 bytes follow) | 0x1A number_integer | 4294967296..18446744073709551615 | Unsigned integer (8 bytes follow) | 0x1B number_unsigned | 0..23 | Integer | 0x00..0x17 number_unsigned | 24..255 | Unsigned integer (1 byte follow) | 0x18 number_unsigned | 256..65535 | Unsigned integer (2 bytes follow) | 0x19 number_unsigned | 65536..4294967295 | Unsigned integer (4 bytes follow) | 0x1A number_unsigned | 4294967296..18446744073709551615 | Unsigned integer (8 bytes follow) | 0x1B number_float | *any value* | Double-Precision Float | 0xFB string | *length*: 0..23 | UTF-8 string | 0x60..0x77 string | *length*: 23..255 | UTF-8 string (1 byte follow) | 0x78 string | *length*: 256..65535 | UTF-8 string (2 bytes follow) | 0x79 string | *length*: 65536..4294967295 | UTF-8 string (4 bytes follow) | 0x7A string | *length*: 4294967296..18446744073709551615 | UTF-8 string (8 bytes follow) | 0x7B array | *size*: 0..23 | array | 0x80..0x97 array | *size*: 23..255 | array (1 byte follow) | 0x98 array | *size*: 256..65535 | array (2 bytes follow) | 0x99 array | *size*: 65536..4294967295 | array (4 bytes follow) | 0x9A array | *size*: 4294967296..18446744073709551615 | array (8 bytes follow) | 0x9B object | *size*: 0..23 | map | 0xA0..0xB7 object | *size*: 23..255 | map (1 byte follow) | 0xB8 object | *size*: 256..65535 | map (2 bytes follow) | 0xB9 object | *size*: 65536..4294967295 | map (4 bytes follow) | 0xBA object | *size*: 4294967296..18446744073709551615 | map (8 bytes follow) | 0xBB @note The mapping is **complete** in the sense that any JSON value type can be converted to a CBOR value. @note If NaN or Infinity are stored inside a JSON number, they are serialized properly. This behavior differs from the @ref dump() function which serializes NaN or Infinity to `null`. @note The following CBOR types are not used in the conversion: - byte strings (0x40..0x5F) - UTF-8 strings terminated by "break" (0x7F) - arrays terminated by "break" (0x9F) - maps terminated by "break" (0xBF) - date/time (0xC0..0xC1) - bignum (0xC2..0xC3) - decimal fraction (0xC4) - bigfloat (0xC5) - tagged items (0xC6..0xD4, 0xD8..0xDB) - expected conversions (0xD5..0xD7) - simple values (0xE0..0xF3, 0xF8) - undefined (0xF7) - half and single-precision floats (0xF9-0xFA) - break (0xFF) @param[in] j JSON value to serialize @return MessagePack serialization as byte vector @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value @a j. @liveexample{The example shows the serialization of a JSON value to a byte vector in CBOR format.,to_cbor} @sa http://cbor.io @sa @ref from_cbor(const std::vector&, const size_t) for the analogous deserialization @sa @ref to_msgpack(const basic_json&) for the related MessagePack format @since version 2.0.9 */ static std::vector to_cbor(const basic_json& j) { std::vector result; to_cbor(j, result); return result; } static void to_cbor(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter o) { binary_writer(o).write_cbor(j); } static void to_cbor(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter o) { binary_writer(o).write_cbor(j); } /*! @brief create a MessagePack serialization of a given JSON value Serializes a given JSON value @a j to a byte vector using the MessagePack serialization format. MessagePack is a binary serialization format which aims to be more compact than JSON itself, yet more efficient to parse. The library uses the following mapping from JSON values types to MessagePack types according to the MessagePack specification: JSON value type | value/range | MessagePack type | first byte --------------- | --------------------------------- | ---------------- | ---------- null | `null` | nil | 0xC0 boolean | `true` | true | 0xC3 boolean | `false` | false | 0xC2 number_integer | -9223372036854775808..-2147483649 | int64 | 0xD3 number_integer | -2147483648..-32769 | int32 | 0xD2 number_integer | -32768..-129 | int16 | 0xD1 number_integer | -128..-33 | int8 | 0xD0 number_integer | -32..-1 | negative fixint | 0xE0..0xFF number_integer | 0..127 | positive fixint | 0x00..0x7F number_integer | 128..255 | uint 8 | 0xCC number_integer | 256..65535 | uint 16 | 0xCD number_integer | 65536..4294967295 | uint 32 | 0xCE number_integer | 4294967296..18446744073709551615 | uint 64 | 0xCF number_unsigned | 0..127 | positive fixint | 0x00..0x7F number_unsigned | 128..255 | uint 8 | 0xCC number_unsigned | 256..65535 | uint 16 | 0xCD number_unsigned | 65536..4294967295 | uint 32 | 0xCE number_unsigned | 4294967296..18446744073709551615 | uint 64 | 0xCF number_float | *any value* | float 64 | 0xCB string | *length*: 0..31 | fixstr | 0xA0..0xBF string | *length*: 32..255 | str 8 | 0xD9 string | *length*: 256..65535 | str 16 | 0xDA string | *length*: 65536..4294967295 | str 32 | 0xDB array | *size*: 0..15 | fixarray | 0x90..0x9F array | *size*: 16..65535 | array 16 | 0xDC array | *size*: 65536..4294967295 | array 32 | 0xDD object | *size*: 0..15 | fix map | 0x80..0x8F object | *size*: 16..65535 | map 16 | 0xDE object | *size*: 65536..4294967295 | map 32 | 0xDF @note The mapping is **complete** in the sense that any JSON value type can be converted to a MessagePack value. @note The following values can **not** be converted to a MessagePack value: - strings with more than 4294967295 bytes - arrays with more than 4294967295 elements - objects with more than 4294967295 elements @note The following MessagePack types are not used in the conversion: - bin 8 - bin 32 (0xC4..0xC6) - ext 8 - ext 32 (0xC7..0xC9) - float 32 (0xCA) - fixext 1 - fixext 16 (0xD4..0xD8) @note Any MessagePack output created @ref to_msgpack can be successfully parsed by @ref from_msgpack. @note If NaN or Infinity are stored inside a JSON number, they are serialized properly. This behavior differs from the @ref dump() function which serializes NaN or Infinity to `null`. @param[in] j JSON value to serialize @return MessagePack serialization as byte vector @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value @a j. @liveexample{The example shows the serialization of a JSON value to a byte vector in MessagePack format.,to_msgpack} @sa http://msgpack.org @sa @ref from_msgpack(const std::vector&, const size_t) for the analogous deserialization @sa @ref to_cbor(const basic_json& for the related CBOR format @since version 2.0.9 */ static std::vector to_msgpack(const basic_json& j) { std::vector result; to_msgpack(j, result); return result; } static void to_msgpack(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter o) { binary_writer(o).write_msgpack(j); } static void to_msgpack(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter o) { binary_writer(o).write_msgpack(j); } /*! @brief create a JSON value from an input in CBOR format Deserializes a given input @a i to a JSON value using the CBOR (Concise Binary Object Representation) serialization format. The library maps CBOR types to JSON value types as follows: CBOR type | JSON value type | first byte ---------------------- | --------------- | ---------- Integer | number_unsigned | 0x00..0x17 Unsigned integer | number_unsigned | 0x18 Unsigned integer | number_unsigned | 0x19 Unsigned integer | number_unsigned | 0x1A Unsigned integer | number_unsigned | 0x1B Negative integer | number_integer | 0x20..0x37 Negative integer | number_integer | 0x38 Negative integer | number_integer | 0x39 Negative integer | number_integer | 0x3A Negative integer | number_integer | 0x3B Negative integer | number_integer | 0x40..0x57 UTF-8 string | string | 0x60..0x77 UTF-8 string | string | 0x78 UTF-8 string | string | 0x79 UTF-8 string | string | 0x7A UTF-8 string | string | 0x7B UTF-8 string | string | 0x7F array | array | 0x80..0x97 array | array | 0x98 array | array | 0x99 array | array | 0x9A array | array | 0x9B array | array | 0x9F map | object | 0xA0..0xB7 map | object | 0xB8 map | object | 0xB9 map | object | 0xBA map | object | 0xBB map | object | 0xBF False | `false` | 0xF4 True | `true` | 0xF5 Nill | `null` | 0xF6 Half-Precision Float | number_float | 0xF9 Single-Precision Float | number_float | 0xFA Double-Precision Float | number_float | 0xFB @warning The mapping is **incomplete** in the sense that not all CBOR types can be converted to a JSON value. The following CBOR types are not supported and will yield parse errors (parse_error.112): - byte strings (0x40..0x5F) - date/time (0xC0..0xC1) - bignum (0xC2..0xC3) - decimal fraction (0xC4) - bigfloat (0xC5) - tagged items (0xC6..0xD4, 0xD8..0xDB) - expected conversions (0xD5..0xD7) - simple values (0xE0..0xF3, 0xF8) - undefined (0xF7) @warning CBOR allows map keys of any type, whereas JSON only allows strings as keys in object values. Therefore, CBOR maps with keys other than UTF-8 strings are rejected (parse_error.113). @note Any CBOR output created @ref to_cbor can be successfully parsed by @ref from_cbor. @param[in] i an input in CBOR format convertible to an input adapter @param[in] strict whether to expect the input to be consumed until EOF (true by default) @return deserialized JSON value @throw parse_error.110 if the given input ends prematurely or the end of file was not reached when @a strict was set to true @throw parse_error.112 if unsupported features from CBOR were used in the given input @a v or if the input is not valid CBOR @throw parse_error.113 if a string was expected as map key, but not found @complexity Linear in the size of the input @a i. @liveexample{The example shows the deserialization of a byte vector in CBOR format to a JSON value.,from_cbor} @sa http://cbor.io @sa @ref to_cbor(const basic_json&) for the analogous serialization @sa @ref from_msgpack(detail::input_adapter, const bool) for the related MessagePack format @since version 2.0.9; parameter @a start_index since 2.1.1; changed to consume input adapters, removed start_index parameter, and added @a strict parameter since 3.0.0 */ static basic_json from_cbor(detail::input_adapter i, const bool strict = true) { return binary_reader(i).parse_cbor(strict); } /*! @copydoc from_cbor(detail::input_adapter, const bool) */ template::value, int> = 0> static basic_json from_cbor(A1 && a1, A2 && a2, const bool strict = true) { return binary_reader(detail::input_adapter(std::forward(a1), std::forward(a2))).parse_cbor(strict); } /*! @brief create a JSON value from an input in MessagePack format Deserializes a given input @a i to a JSON value using the MessagePack serialization format. The library maps MessagePack types to JSON value types as follows: MessagePack type | JSON value type | first byte ---------------- | --------------- | ---------- positive fixint | number_unsigned | 0x00..0x7F fixmap | object | 0x80..0x8F fixarray | array | 0x90..0x9F fixstr | string | 0xA0..0xBF nil | `null` | 0xC0 false | `false` | 0xC2 true | `true` | 0xC3 float 32 | number_float | 0xCA float 64 | number_float | 0xCB uint 8 | number_unsigned | 0xCC uint 16 | number_unsigned | 0xCD uint 32 | number_unsigned | 0xCE uint 64 | number_unsigned | 0xCF int 8 | number_integer | 0xD0 int 16 | number_integer | 0xD1 int 32 | number_integer | 0xD2 int 64 | number_integer | 0xD3 str 8 | string | 0xD9 str 16 | string | 0xDA str 32 | string | 0xDB array 16 | array | 0xDC array 32 | array | 0xDD map 16 | object | 0xDE map 32 | object | 0xDF negative fixint | number_integer | 0xE0-0xFF @warning The mapping is **incomplete** in the sense that not all MessagePack types can be converted to a JSON value. The following MessagePack types are not supported and will yield parse errors: - bin 8 - bin 32 (0xC4..0xC6) - ext 8 - ext 32 (0xC7..0xC9) - fixext 1 - fixext 16 (0xD4..0xD8) @note Any MessagePack output created @ref to_msgpack can be successfully parsed by @ref from_msgpack. @param[in] i an input in MessagePack format convertible to an input adapter @param[in] strict whether to expect the input to be consumed until EOF (true by default) @throw parse_error.110 if the given input ends prematurely or the end of file was not reached when @a strict was set to true @throw parse_error.112 if unsupported features from MessagePack were used in the given input @a i or if the input is not valid MessagePack @throw parse_error.113 if a string was expected as map key, but not found @complexity Linear in the size of the input @a i. @liveexample{The example shows the deserialization of a byte vector in MessagePack format to a JSON value.,from_msgpack} @sa http://msgpack.org @sa @ref to_msgpack(const basic_json&) for the analogous serialization @sa @ref from_cbor(detail::input_adapter, const bool) for the related CBOR format @since version 2.0.9; parameter @a start_index since 2.1.1; changed to consume input adapters, removed start_index parameter, and added @a strict parameter since 3.0.0 */ static basic_json from_msgpack(detail::input_adapter i, const bool strict = true) { return binary_reader(i).parse_msgpack(strict); } /*! @copydoc from_msgpack(detail::input_adapter, const bool) */ template::value, int> = 0> static basic_json from_msgpack(A1 && a1, A2 && a2, const bool strict = true) { return binary_reader(detail::input_adapter(std::forward(a1), std::forward(a2))).parse_msgpack(strict); } /// @} ////////////////////////// // JSON Pointer support // ////////////////////////// /// @name JSON Pointer functions /// @{ /*! @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer Uses a JSON pointer to retrieve a reference to the respective JSON value. No bound checking is performed. Similar to @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type&), `null` values are created in arrays and objects if necessary. In particular: - If the JSON pointer points to an object key that does not exist, it is created an filled with a `null` value before a reference to it is returned. - If the JSON pointer points to an array index that does not exist, it is created an filled with a `null` value before a reference to it is returned. All indices between the current maximum and the given index are also filled with `null`. - The special value `-` is treated as a synonym for the index past the end. @param[in] ptr a JSON pointer @return reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr @complexity Constant. @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0' @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,operatorjson_pointer} @since version 2.0.0 */ reference operator[](const json_pointer& ptr) { return ptr.get_unchecked(this); } /*! @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer Uses a JSON pointer to retrieve a reference to the respective JSON value. No bound checking is performed. The function does not change the JSON value; no `null` values are created. In particular, the the special value `-` yields an exception. @param[in] ptr JSON pointer to the desired element @return const reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr @complexity Constant. @throw parse_error.106 if an array index begins with '0' @throw parse_error.109 if an array index was not a number @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer can not be resolved @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,operatorjson_pointer_const} @since version 2.0.0 */ const_reference operator[](const json_pointer& ptr) const { return ptr.get_unchecked(this); } /*! @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer Returns a reference to the element at with specified JSON pointer @a ptr, with bounds checking. @param[in] ptr JSON pointer to the desired element @return reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr @throw parse_error.106 if an array index in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr begins with '0'. See example below. @throw parse_error.109 if an array index in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr is not a number. See example below. @throw out_of_range.401 if an array index in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr is out of range. See example below. @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr. As `at` provides checked access (and no elements are implicitly inserted), the index '-' is always invalid. See example below. @throw out_of_range.403 if the JSON pointer describes a key of an object which cannot be found. See example below. @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer @a ptr can not be resolved. See example below. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @complexity Constant. @since version 2.0.0 @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,at_json_pointer} */ reference at(const json_pointer& ptr) { return ptr.get_checked(this); } /*! @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer Returns a const reference to the element at with specified JSON pointer @a ptr, with bounds checking. @param[in] ptr JSON pointer to the desired element @return reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr @throw parse_error.106 if an array index in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr begins with '0'. See example below. @throw parse_error.109 if an array index in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr is not a number. See example below. @throw out_of_range.401 if an array index in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr is out of range. See example below. @throw out_of_range.402 if the array index '-' is used in the passed JSON pointer @a ptr. As `at` provides checked access (and no elements are implicitly inserted), the index '-' is always invalid. See example below. @throw out_of_range.403 if the JSON pointer describes a key of an object which cannot be found. See example below. @throw out_of_range.404 if the JSON pointer @a ptr can not be resolved. See example below. @exceptionsafety Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON value. @complexity Constant. @since version 2.0.0 @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,at_json_pointer_const} */ const_reference at(const json_pointer& ptr) const { return ptr.get_checked(this); } /*! @brief return flattened JSON value The function creates a JSON object whose keys are JSON pointers (see [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901)) and whose values are all primitive. The original JSON value can be restored using the @ref unflatten() function. @return an object that maps JSON pointers to primitive values @note Empty objects and arrays are flattened to `null` and will not be reconstructed correctly by the @ref unflatten() function. @complexity Linear in the size the JSON value. @liveexample{The following code shows how a JSON object is flattened to an object whose keys consist of JSON pointers.,flatten} @sa @ref unflatten() for the reverse function @since version 2.0.0 */ basic_json flatten() const { basic_json result(value_t::object); json_pointer::flatten("", *this, result); return result; } /*! @brief unflatten a previously flattened JSON value The function restores the arbitrary nesting of a JSON value that has been flattened before using the @ref flatten() function. The JSON value must meet certain constraints: 1. The value must be an object. 2. The keys must be JSON pointers (see [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901)) 3. The mapped values must be primitive JSON types. @return the original JSON from a flattened version @note Empty objects and arrays are flattened by @ref flatten() to `null` values and can not unflattened to their original type. Apart from this example, for a JSON value `j`, the following is always true: `j == j.flatten().unflatten()`. @complexity Linear in the size the JSON value. @throw type_error.314 if value is not an object @throw type_error.315 if object values are not primitive @liveexample{The following code shows how a flattened JSON object is unflattened into the original nested JSON object.,unflatten} @sa @ref flatten() for the reverse function @since version 2.0.0 */ basic_json unflatten() const { return json_pointer::unflatten(*this); } /// @} ////////////////////////// // JSON Patch functions // ////////////////////////// /// @name JSON Patch functions /// @{ /*! @brief applies a JSON patch [JSON Patch](http://jsonpatch.com) defines a JSON document structure for expressing a sequence of operations to apply to a JSON) document. With this function, a JSON Patch is applied to the current JSON value by executing all operations from the patch. @param[in] json_patch JSON patch document @return patched document @note The application of a patch is atomic: Either all operations succeed and the patched document is returned or an exception is thrown. In any case, the original value is not changed: the patch is applied to a copy of the value. @throw parse_error.104 if the JSON patch does not consist of an array of objects @throw parse_error.105 if the JSON patch is malformed (e.g., mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation add must have member path"` @throw out_of_range.401 if an array index is out of range. @throw out_of_range.403 if a JSON pointer inside the patch could not be resolved successfully in the current JSON value; example: `"key baz not found"` @throw out_of_range.405 if JSON pointer has no parent ("add", "remove", "move") @throw other_error.501 if "test" operation was unsuccessful @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value and the length of the JSON patch. As usually only a fraction of the JSON value is affected by the patch, the complexity can usually be neglected. @liveexample{The following code shows how a JSON patch is applied to a value.,patch} @sa @ref diff -- create a JSON patch by comparing two JSON values @sa [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902) @sa [RFC 6901 (JSON Pointer)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901) @since version 2.0.0 */ basic_json patch(const basic_json& json_patch) const { // make a working copy to apply the patch to basic_json result = *this; // the valid JSON Patch operations enum class patch_operations {add, remove, replace, move, copy, test, invalid}; const auto get_op = [](const std::string & op) { if (op == "add") { return patch_operations::add; } if (op == "remove") { return patch_operations::remove; } if (op == "replace") { return patch_operations::replace; } if (op == "move") { return patch_operations::move; } if (op == "copy") { return patch_operations::copy; } if (op == "test") { return patch_operations::test; } return patch_operations::invalid; }; // wrapper for "add" operation; add value at ptr const auto operation_add = [&result](json_pointer & ptr, basic_json val) { // adding to the root of the target document means replacing it if (ptr.is_root()) { result = val; } else { // make sure the top element of the pointer exists json_pointer top_pointer = ptr.top(); if (top_pointer != ptr) { result.at(top_pointer); } // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr const auto last_path = ptr.pop_back(); basic_json& parent = result[ptr]; switch (parent.m_type) { case value_t::null: case value_t::object: { // use operator[] to add value parent[last_path] = val; break; } case value_t::array: { if (last_path == "-") { // special case: append to back parent.push_back(val); } else { const auto idx = json_pointer::array_index(last_path); if (JSON_UNLIKELY(static_cast(idx) > parent.size())) { // avoid undefined behavior JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, "array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range")); } else { // default case: insert add offset parent.insert(parent.begin() + static_cast(idx), val); } } break; } default: { // if there exists a parent it cannot be primitive assert(false); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE } } } }; // wrapper for "remove" operation; remove value at ptr const auto operation_remove = [&result](json_pointer & ptr) { // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr const auto last_path = ptr.pop_back(); basic_json& parent = result.at(ptr); // remove child if (parent.is_object()) { // perform range check auto it = parent.find(last_path); if (JSON_LIKELY(it != parent.end())) { parent.erase(it); } else { JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(403, "key '" + last_path + "' not found")); } } else if (parent.is_array()) { // note erase performs range check parent.erase(static_cast(json_pointer::array_index(last_path))); } }; // type check: top level value must be an array if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not json_patch.is_array())) { JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(104, 0, "JSON patch must be an array of objects")); } // iterate and apply the operations for (const auto& val : json_patch) { // wrapper to get a value for an operation const auto get_value = [&val](const std::string & op, const std::string & member, bool string_type) -> basic_json& { // find value auto it = val.m_value.object->find(member); // context-sensitive error message const auto error_msg = (op == "op") ? "operation" : "operation '" + op + "'"; // check if desired value is present if (JSON_UNLIKELY(it == val.m_value.object->end())) { JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, error_msg + " must have member '" + member + "'")); } // check if result is of type string if (JSON_UNLIKELY(string_type and not it->second.is_string())) { JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, error_msg + " must have string member '" + member + "'")); } // no error: return value return it->second; }; // type check: every element of the array must be an object if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not val.is_object())) { JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(104, 0, "JSON patch must be an array of objects")); } // collect mandatory members const std::string op = get_value("op", "op", true); const std::string path = get_value(op, "path", true); json_pointer ptr(path); switch (get_op(op)) { case patch_operations::add: { operation_add(ptr, get_value("add", "value", false)); break; } case patch_operations::remove: { operation_remove(ptr); break; } case patch_operations::replace: { // the "path" location must exist - use at() result.at(ptr) = get_value("replace", "value", false); break; } case patch_operations::move: { const std::string from_path = get_value("move", "from", true); json_pointer from_ptr(from_path); // the "from" location must exist - use at() basic_json v = result.at(from_ptr); // The move operation is functionally identical to a // "remove" operation on the "from" location, followed // immediately by an "add" operation at the target // location with the value that was just removed. operation_remove(from_ptr); operation_add(ptr, v); break; } case patch_operations::copy: { const std::string from_path = get_value("copy", "from", true); const json_pointer from_ptr(from_path); // the "from" location must exist - use at() basic_json v = result.at(from_ptr); // The copy is functionally identical to an "add" // operation at the target location using the value // specified in the "from" member. operation_add(ptr, v); break; } case patch_operations::test: { bool success = false; JSON_TRY { // check if "value" matches the one at "path" // the "path" location must exist - use at() success = (result.at(ptr) == get_value("test", "value", false)); } JSON_CATCH (out_of_range&) { // ignore out of range errors: success remains false } // throw an exception if test fails if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not success)) { JSON_THROW(other_error::create(501, "unsuccessful: " + val.dump())); } break; } case patch_operations::invalid: { // op must be "add", "remove", "replace", "move", "copy", or // "test" JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, "operation value '" + op + "' is invalid")); } } } return result; } /*! @brief creates a diff as a JSON patch Creates a [JSON Patch](http://jsonpatch.com) so that value @a source can be changed into the value @a target by calling @ref patch function. @invariant For two JSON values @a source and @a target, the following code yields always `true`: @code {.cpp} source.patch(diff(source, target)) == target; @endcode @note Currently, only `remove`, `add`, and `replace` operations are generated. @param[in] source JSON value to compare from @param[in] target JSON value to compare against @param[in] path helper value to create JSON pointers @return a JSON patch to convert the @a source to @a target @complexity Linear in the lengths of @a source and @a target. @liveexample{The following code shows how a JSON patch is created as a diff for two JSON values.,diff} @sa @ref patch -- apply a JSON patch @sa [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902) @since version 2.0.0 */ static basic_json diff(const basic_json& source, const basic_json& target, const std::string& path = "") { // the patch basic_json result(value_t::array); // if the values are the same, return empty patch if (source == target) { return result; } if (source.type() != target.type()) { // different types: replace value result.push_back( { {"op", "replace"}, {"path", path}, {"value", target} }); } else { switch (source.type()) { case value_t::array: { // first pass: traverse common elements std::size_t i = 0; while (i < source.size() and i < target.size()) { // recursive call to compare array values at index i auto temp_diff = diff(source[i], target[i], path + "/" + std::to_string(i)); result.insert(result.end(), temp_diff.begin(), temp_diff.end()); ++i; } // i now reached the end of at least one array // in a second pass, traverse the remaining elements // remove my remaining elements const auto end_index = static_cast(result.size()); while (i < source.size()) { // add operations in reverse order to avoid invalid // indices result.insert(result.begin() + end_index, object( { {"op", "remove"}, {"path", path + "/" + std::to_string(i)} })); ++i; } // add other remaining elements while (i < target.size()) { result.push_back( { {"op", "add"}, {"path", path + "/" + std::to_string(i)}, {"value", target[i]} }); ++i; } break; } case value_t::object: { // first pass: traverse this object's elements for (auto it = source.cbegin(); it != source.cend(); ++it) { // escape the key name to be used in a JSON patch const auto key = json_pointer::escape(it.key()); if (target.find(it.key()) != target.end()) { // recursive call to compare object values at key it auto temp_diff = diff(it.value(), target[it.key()], path + "/" + key); result.insert(result.end(), temp_diff.begin(), temp_diff.end()); } else { // found a key that is not in o -> remove it result.push_back(object( { {"op", "remove"}, {"path", path + "/" + key} })); } } // second pass: traverse other object's elements for (auto it = target.cbegin(); it != target.cend(); ++it) { if (source.find(it.key()) == source.end()) { // found a key that is not in this -> add it const auto key = json_pointer::escape(it.key()); result.push_back( { {"op", "add"}, {"path", path + "/" + key}, {"value", it.value()} }); } } break; } default: { // both primitive type: replace value result.push_back( { {"op", "replace"}, {"path", path}, {"value", target} }); break; } } } return result; } /// @} }; ///////////// // presets // ///////////// /*! @brief default JSON class This type is the default specialization of the @ref basic_json class which uses the standard template types. @since version 1.0.0 */ using json = basic_json<>; ////////////////// // json_pointer // ////////////////// NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& json_pointer::get_and_create(NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j) const { using size_type = typename NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL::size_type; auto result = &j; // in case no reference tokens exist, return a reference to the JSON value // j which will be overwritten by a primitive value for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens) { switch (result->m_type) { case detail::value_t::null: { if (reference_token == "0") { // start a new array if reference token is 0 result = &result->operator[](0); } else { // start a new object otherwise result = &result->operator[](reference_token); } break; } case detail::value_t::object: { // create an entry in the object result = &result->operator[](reference_token); break; } case detail::value_t::array: { // create an entry in the array JSON_TRY { result = &result->operator[](static_cast(array_index(reference_token))); } JSON_CATCH(std::invalid_argument&) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(109, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' is not a number")); } break; } /* The following code is only reached if there exists a reference token _and_ the current value is primitive. In this case, we have an error situation, because primitive values may only occur as single value; that is, with an empty list of reference tokens. */ default: JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(313, "invalid value to unflatten")); } } return *result; } NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& json_pointer::get_unchecked(NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const { using size_type = typename NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL::size_type; for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens) { // convert null values to arrays or objects before continuing if (ptr->m_type == detail::value_t::null) { // check if reference token is a number const bool nums = std::all_of(reference_token.begin(), reference_token.end(), [](const char x) { return (x >= '0' and x <= '9'); }); // change value to array for numbers or "-" or to object otherwise *ptr = (nums or reference_token == "-") ? detail::value_t::array : detail::value_t::object; } switch (ptr->m_type) { case detail::value_t::object: { // use unchecked object access ptr = &ptr->operator[](reference_token); break; } case detail::value_t::array: { // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4) if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' must not begin with '0'")); } if (reference_token == "-") { // explicitly treat "-" as index beyond the end ptr = &ptr->operator[](ptr->m_value.array->size()); } else { // convert array index to number; unchecked access JSON_TRY { ptr = &ptr->operator[]( static_cast(array_index(reference_token))); } JSON_CATCH(std::invalid_argument&) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(109, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' is not a number")); } } break; } default: JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, "unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'")); } } return *ptr; } NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& json_pointer::get_checked(NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const { using size_type = typename NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL::size_type; for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens) { switch (ptr->m_type) { case detail::value_t::object: { // note: at performs range check ptr = &ptr->at(reference_token); break; } case detail::value_t::array: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_token == "-")) { // "-" always fails the range check JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(402, "array index '-' (" + std::to_string(ptr->m_value.array->size()) + ") is out of range")); } // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4) if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' must not begin with '0'")); } // note: at performs range check JSON_TRY { ptr = &ptr->at(static_cast(array_index(reference_token))); } JSON_CATCH(std::invalid_argument&) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(109, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' is not a number")); } break; } default: JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, "unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'")); } } return *ptr; } NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& json_pointer::get_unchecked(const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const { using size_type = typename NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL::size_type; for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens) { switch (ptr->m_type) { case detail::value_t::object: { // use unchecked object access ptr = &ptr->operator[](reference_token); break; } case detail::value_t::array: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_token == "-")) { // "-" cannot be used for const access JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(402, "array index '-' (" + std::to_string(ptr->m_value.array->size()) + ") is out of range")); } // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4) if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' must not begin with '0'")); } // use unchecked array access JSON_TRY { ptr = &ptr->operator[]( static_cast(array_index(reference_token))); } JSON_CATCH(std::invalid_argument&) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(109, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' is not a number")); } break; } default: JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, "unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'")); } } return *ptr; } NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& json_pointer::get_checked(const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL* ptr) const { using size_type = typename NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL::size_type; for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens) { switch (ptr->m_type) { case detail::value_t::object: { // note: at performs range check ptr = &ptr->at(reference_token); break; } case detail::value_t::array: { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_token == "-")) { // "-" always fails the range check JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(402, "array index '-' (" + std::to_string(ptr->m_value.array->size()) + ") is out of range")); } // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4) if (JSON_UNLIKELY(reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' must not begin with '0'")); } // note: at performs range check JSON_TRY { ptr = &ptr->at(static_cast(array_index(reference_token))); } JSON_CATCH(std::invalid_argument&) { JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(109, 0, "array index '" + reference_token + "' is not a number")); } break; } default: JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(404, "unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'")); } } return *ptr; } NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION void json_pointer::flatten(const std::string& reference_string, const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& value, NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& result) { switch (value.m_type) { case detail::value_t::array: { if (value.m_value.array->empty()) { // flatten empty array as null result[reference_string] = nullptr; } else { // iterate array and use index as reference string for (std::size_t i = 0; i < value.m_value.array->size(); ++i) { flatten(reference_string + "/" + std::to_string(i), value.m_value.array->operator[](i), result); } } break; } case detail::value_t::object: { if (value.m_value.object->empty()) { // flatten empty object as null result[reference_string] = nullptr; } else { // iterate object and use keys as reference string for (const auto& element : *value.m_value.object) { flatten(reference_string + "/" + escape(element.first), element.second, result); } } break; } default: { // add primitive value with its reference string result[reference_string] = value; break; } } } NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL json_pointer::unflatten(const NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& value) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not value.is_object())) { JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(314, "only objects can be unflattened")); } NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL result; // iterate the JSON object values for (const auto& element : *value.m_value.object) { if (JSON_UNLIKELY(not element.second.is_primitive())) { JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(315, "values in object must be primitive")); } // assign value to reference pointed to by JSON pointer; Note that if // the JSON pointer is "" (i.e., points to the whole value), function // get_and_create returns a reference to result itself. An assignment // will then create a primitive value. json_pointer(element.first).get_and_create(result) = element.second; } return result; } inline bool operator==(json_pointer const& lhs, json_pointer const& rhs) noexcept { return (lhs.reference_tokens == rhs.reference_tokens); } inline bool operator!=(json_pointer const& lhs, json_pointer const& rhs) noexcept { return not (lhs == rhs); } } // namespace nlohmann /////////////////////// // nonmember support // /////////////////////// // specialization of std::swap, and std::hash namespace std { /*! @brief exchanges the values of two JSON objects @since version 1.0.0 */ template<> inline void swap(nlohmann::json& j1, nlohmann::json& j2) noexcept( is_nothrow_move_constructible::value and is_nothrow_move_assignable::value ) { j1.swap(j2); } /// hash value for JSON objects template<> struct hash { /*! @brief return a hash value for a JSON object @since version 1.0.0 */ std::size_t operator()(const nlohmann::json& j) const { // a naive hashing via the string representation const auto& h = hash(); return h(j.dump()); } }; /// specialization for std::less /// @note: do not remove the space after '<', /// see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/679 template<> struct less< ::nlohmann::detail::value_t> { /*! @brief compare two value_t enum values @since version 3.0.0 */ bool operator()(nlohmann::detail::value_t lhs, nlohmann::detail::value_t rhs) const noexcept { return nlohmann::detail::operator<(lhs, rhs); } }; } // namespace std /*! @brief user-defined string literal for JSON values This operator implements a user-defined string literal for JSON objects. It can be used by adding `"_json"` to a string literal and returns a JSON object if no parse error occurred. @param[in] s a string representation of a JSON object @param[in] n the length of string @a s @return a JSON object @since version 1.0.0 */ inline nlohmann::json operator "" _json(const char* s, std::size_t n) { return nlohmann::json::parse(s, s + n); } /*! @brief user-defined string literal for JSON pointer This operator implements a user-defined string literal for JSON Pointers. It can be used by adding `"_json_pointer"` to a string literal and returns a JSON pointer object if no parse error occurred. @param[in] s a string representation of a JSON Pointer @param[in] n the length of string @a s @return a JSON pointer object @since version 2.0.0 */ inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator "" _json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n) { return nlohmann::json::json_pointer(std::string(s, n)); } // restore GCC/clang diagnostic settings #if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__) #pragma GCC diagnostic pop #endif #if defined(__clang__) #pragma GCC diagnostic pop #endif // clean up #undef JSON_CATCH #undef JSON_THROW #undef JSON_TRY #undef JSON_LIKELY #undef JSON_UNLIKELY #undef JSON_DEPRECATED #undef NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION #undef NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL #endif