[ { "path": ".gitignore", "content": "*.o\n*.tar.*\n" }, { "path": "COPYING", "content": "\t\t GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n\t\t Version 2, June 1991\n\n Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\n\n\t\t\t Preamble\n\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\nfreedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public\nLicense is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free\nsoftware--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This\nGeneral Public License applies to most of the Free Software\nFoundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to\nusing it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by\nthe GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to\nyour programs, too.\n\n When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not\nprice. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you\nhave the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for\nthis service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it\nif you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it\nin new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.\n\n To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid\nanyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.\nThese restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you\ndistribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.\n\n For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether\ngratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that\nyou have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the\nsource code. And you must show them these terms so they know their\nrights.\n\n We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and\n(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,\ndistribute and/or modify the software.\n\n Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain\nthat everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free\nsoftware. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we\nwant its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so\nthat any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original\nauthors' reputations.\n\n Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software\npatents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free\nprogram will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the\nprogram proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any\npatent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.\n\n The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and\nmodification follow.\n\n\t\t GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION\n\n 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains\na notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed\nunder the terms of this General Public License. The \"Program\", below,\nrefers to any such program or work, and a \"work based on the Program\"\nmeans either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:\nthat is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,\neither verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another\nlanguage. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in\nthe term \"modification\".) Each licensee is addressed as \"you\".\n\nActivities other than copying, distribution and modification are not\ncovered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of\nrunning the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program\nis covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the\nProgram (independent of having been made by running the Program).\nWhether that is true depends on what the Program does.\n\n 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's\nsource code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you\nconspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate\ncopyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the\nnotices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;\nand give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License\nalong with the Program.\n\nYou may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and\nyou may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.\n\n 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion\nof it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and\ndistribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1\nabove, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:\n\n a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices\n stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.\n\n b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in\n whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any\n part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third\n parties under the terms of this License.\n\n c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively\n when run, you must cause it, when started running for such\n interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an\n announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a\n notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide\n a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under\n these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this\n License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but\n does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on\n the Program is not required to print an announcement.)\n\nThese requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If\nidentifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,\nand can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in\nthemselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those\nsections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you\ndistribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based\non the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of\nthis License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the\nentire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.\n\nThus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest\nyour rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to\nexercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or\ncollective works based on the Program.\n\nIn addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program\nwith the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of\na storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under\nthe scope of this License.\n\n 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,\nunder Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of\nSections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:\n\n a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable\n source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections\n 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,\n\n b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three\n years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your\n cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete\n machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be\n distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium\n customarily used for software interchange; or,\n\n c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer\n to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is\n allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you\n received the program in object code or executable form with such\n an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)\n\nThe source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for\nmaking modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source\ncode means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any\nassociated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to\ncontrol compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a\nspecial exception, the source code distributed need not include\nanything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary\nform) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the\noperating system on which the executable runs, unless that component\nitself accompanies the executable.\n\nIf distribution of executable or object code is made by offering\naccess to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent\naccess to copy the source code from the same place counts as\ndistribution of the source code, even though third parties are not\ncompelled to copy the source along with the object code.\n\n 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program\nexcept as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt\notherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is\nvoid, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.\nHowever, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under\nthis License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such\nparties remain in full compliance.\n\n 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not\nsigned it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or\ndistribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are\nprohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by\nmodifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the\nProgram), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and\nall its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying\nthe Program or works based on it.\n\n 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the\nProgram), the recipient automatically receives a license from the\noriginal licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to\nthese terms and conditions. You may not impose any further\nrestrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.\nYou are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to\nthis License.\n\n 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent\ninfringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),\nconditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or\notherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not\nexcuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot\ndistribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this\nLicense and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you\nmay not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent\nlicense would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by\nall those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then\nthe only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to\nrefrain entirely from distribution of the Program.\n\nIf any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under\nany particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to\napply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other\ncircumstances.\n\nIt is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any\npatents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any\nsuch claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the\nintegrity of the free software distribution system, which is\nimplemented by public license practices. Many people have made\ngenerous contributions to the wide range of software distributed\nthrough that system in reliance on consistent application of that\nsystem; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing\nto distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot\nimpose that choice.\n\nThis section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to\nbe a consequence of the rest of this License.\n\n 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in\ncertain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the\noriginal copyright holder who places the Program under this License\nmay add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding\nthose countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among\ncountries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates\nthe limitation as if written in the body of this License.\n\n 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions\nof the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will\nbe similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to\naddress new problems or concerns.\n\nEach version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program\nspecifies a version number of this License which applies to it and \"any\nlater version\", you have the option of following the terms and conditions\neither of that version or of any later version published by the Free\nSoftware Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of\nthis License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software\nFoundation.\n\n 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free\nprograms whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author\nto ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free\nSoftware Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes\nmake exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals\nof preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and\nof promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.\n\n\t\t\t NO WARRANTY\n\n 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY\nFOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN\nOTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES\nPROVIDE THE PROGRAM \"AS IS\" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED\nOR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF\nMERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS\nTO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE\nPROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,\nREPAIR OR CORRECTION.\n\n 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING\nWILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR\nREDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,\nINCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING\nOUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED\nTO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY\nYOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER\nPROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE\nPOSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.\n\n\t\t END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS\n\n\t How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs\n\n If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest\npossible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it\nfree software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.\n\n To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest\nto attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively\nconvey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least\nthe \"copyright\" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.\n\n \n Copyright (C) \n\n This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n (at your option) any later version.\n\n This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n GNU General Public License for more details.\n\n You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along\n with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.\n\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\n\nIf the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this\nwhen it starts in an interactive mode:\n\n Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author\n Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.\n This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it\n under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.\n\nThe hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate\nparts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may\nbe called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be\nmouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.\n\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the program, if\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\n\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program\n `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.\n\n , 1 April 1989\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\n\nThis General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into\nproprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may\nconsider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the\nlibrary. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General\nPublic License instead of this License.\n" }, { "path": "COPYRIGHT", "content": "Sysvinit is Copyright (C) 1991-2004 Miquel van Smoorenburg\n Updated Copyright (C) 2018 Jesse Smith\n\n This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n (at your option) any later version.\n\n This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n GNU General Public License for more details.\n\n You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n\nOn Debian GNU/Linux systems, the complete text of the GNU General\nPublic License can be found in `/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-2'.\n\nSend patches to sysvinit-devel@nongnu.org\n\n" }, { "path": "Makefile", "content": "PACKAGE=sysvinit\nVERSION=$(shell sed -rn '1s/.*[[:blank:]]\\((.*)\\)[[:blank:]].*/\\1/p' doc/Changelog)\n\nall install clean distclean:\n\t@rm -f $(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION).tar.xz $(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION).tar.xz.sig\n\t$(MAKE) VERSION=$(VERSION) -C man $@\n\t$(MAKE) VERSION=$(VERSION) -C src $@\n\nGITLOGIN=$(shell git remote -v | head -n 1 | cut -f 1 -d '@' | sed 's/origin\\t//g')\noverride TMP:=$(shell mktemp -du $(VERSION).XXXXXXXX)\noverride TARBALL:=$(TMP)/$(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION).tar.xz\noverride SFTPBATCH:=$(TMP)/$(VERSION)-sftpbatch\nSOURCES=contrib COPYING COPYRIGHT doc Makefile man README src\n\ndist: $(TARBALL).sig\n\t@cp $(TARBALL) .\n\t@cp $(TARBALL).sig .\n\t@echo \"tarball $(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION).tar.xz ready\"\n\trm -rf $(TMP)\n\nupload: $(SFTPBATCH)\n\techo @sftp -b $< $(GITLOGIN)@dl.sv.nongnu.org:/releases/$(PACKAGE)\n\trm -rf $(TMP)\n\n$(SFTPBATCH): $(TARBALL).sig\n\t@echo progress > $@\n\t@echo put $(TARBALL) >> $@\n\t@echo chmod 664 $(notdir $(TARBALL)) >> $@\n\t@echo put $(TARBALL).sig >> $@\n\t@echo chmod 664 $(notdir $(TARBALL)).sig >> $@\n\t@echo rm $(PACKAGE)-latest.tar.bz2 >> $@\n\t@echo symlink $(notdir $(TARBALL)) $(PACKAGE)-latest.tar.bz2 >> $@\n\t@echo quit >> $@\n\n$(TARBALL).sig: $(TARBALL)\n\t@gpg -q -ba --use-agent -o $@ $<\n\n$(TARBALL): $(TMP)/$(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION)\n\t@tar --exclude=.git --owner=nobody --group=nogroup -cJf $@ -C $(TMP) $(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION)\n\n$(TMP)/$(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION): distclean\n\t@mkdir -p $(TMP)/$(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION)\n\t@cp -R $(SOURCES) $(TMP)/$(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION)/ \n\t@chmod -R a+r,u+w,og-w $@\n\t@find $@ -type d | xargs -r chmod a+rx,u+w,og-w\n\n" }, { "path": "README", "content": "# README for SysV init\n\n## Please note this project has migrated to CodeBerg: https://codeberg.org/thejessesmith/sysvinit\n\nSysV init is a classic initialization program (PID 1) for GNU/Linux and\nother UNIX/POSIX systems. It is designed to be small, simple and to\nstay out of the way.\n\nInit is the parent (or grandparent) of all other processes on the\nsystem. It kicks off the starting of other system services and\ncan act as a parent process to services which no longer have an\nactive parent process.\n\nSysV init uses the concept of runlevels. A runlevel is a configuration of the \nsystem which allows only a selected group of processes to exist. \nThe processes spawned by init for each of these runlevels are defined in the \n/etc/inittab file. Init can be in one of eight runlevels. The runlevel is\nchanged by the administrator running the telinit command which selects\nwhich runlevel we want to use.\n \nMore information on init, runlevels and switching between them can be found\nin the init manual page. (See \"man init\".)\n\ncontrib\t\tUnofficial stuff, add-on programs\ndoc\t\tDocumentation\nman\t\tManual pages\nsrc\t\tSource code\n\nFor instructions on building and installing SysV init, please\nsee the \"doc/Install\" file.\n\nSysV init releases are signed with one of two keys, depending on the build machine.\nThese keys are public keys A573ED5E687A40F89D30E6BE2A72EB41906F8E49 \nand 5A2DC686CDC5D6087D88C198351F75FA45D53656. \nBoth of these keys can be fetched from the Savannah mirror at:\n\nhttps://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/sysvinit/\n\nThe keys are also available on the public key server https://keys.openpgp.org/\n\n" }, { "path": "contrib/alexander.viro", "content": "I proposed moving some stuff to a separate file, such as the\nre-exec routines. Alexander wrote:\n\n\nAccording to Alexander Viro :\n> As for the code separation - I think it's nice. Actually, read_inittab()\n> with get_part() and newFamily are also pretty separatable. Another good\n> set is any(), spawn(), startup(), spawn_emerg() and start_if_needed().\n> BTW, fail_check();process_signals(); is equivalent to process_signal();\n> fail_check();. I think that swapping them (in main loop) would be a good\n> idea - then we can move fail_check() into start_if_needed(). And one more\n> - I'ld propose to move start_if_needed to the beginning of the main loop,\n> as in\n> foo();\n> while(1) { bar();foo();\n> #if 0\n> baz();\n> #endif\n> }\n> to\n> while(1) { foo();bar();\n> #if 0\n> baz();\n> #endif\n> }\n>\n>\n> What do you think about it?\n\n" }, { "path": "contrib/migrate-svn-git", "content": "#!/bin/sh\n#\n# Script to migrate sysvinit project source code from subversion to git.\n# Used february 2018.\n\nauthorsmap=$(tempfile)\ncat > $authorsmap <\nwfink = Werner Fink \nEOF\n\nfor p in sysvinit startpar insserv; do\n git svn clone http://svn.savannah.nongnu.org/svn/sysvinit/$p \\\n\t--authors-file=$authorsmap \\\n\t--no-metadata \\\n\t--tags=tags \\\n\t--trunk=trunk \\\n\t--prefix=$p/ \\\n\t$p-git\n\n (\n\tcd $p-git\n\tfor tag in `git branch -r | grep \"tags/\" | sed \"s/ $p\\/tags\\///\"`; do\n git tag -a -m\"Converting SVN tags\" $tag refs/remotes/$p/tags/$tag\n\tdone\n if [ \"sysvinit\" = \"$p\" ]; then\n remote=$p.git\n else\n remote=sysvinit/$p.git\n fi\n git remote add origin ssh://git.savannah.gnu.org:/srv/git/$remote\n )\ndone\nrm $authorsmap\n" }, { "path": "contrib/notify-pam-dead.patch", "content": "Index: src/init.sample\n===================================================================\n--- src/init.sample\t(revision 0)\n+++ src/init.sample\t(revision 0)\n@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@\n+#%PAM-1.0\n+#\n+# The PAM configuration file for /sbin/init\n+# Used for updating the lastlog logging file\n+#\n+auth\t sufficient\tpam_rootok.so\n+account\t include\tcommon-account\n+session\t include\tcommon-session\n+session\t requisite\tpam_lastlog.so silent\nIndex: src/init.c\n===================================================================\n--- src/init.c\t(revision 56)\n+++ src/init.c\t(working copy)\n@@ -76,6 +76,10 @@\n #include \"reboot.h\"\n #include \"set.h\"\n \n+#ifdef USE_PAM\n+extern void notify_pam_dead_session(const char *id);\n+#endif\n+\n #ifndef SIGPWR\n # define SIGPWR SIGUSR2\n #endif\n@@ -1129,6 +1133,9 @@\n \t\t\t}\n \t\t\tdup(f);\n \t\t\tdup(f);\n+#ifdef USE_PAM\n+\t\t\tnotify_pam_dead_session(ch->id);\n+#endif\n \t\t}\n \n \t\t/*\n@@ -1548,6 +1555,9 @@\n \t\t INITDBG(L_VB, \"Updating utmp for pid %d [id %s]\",\n \t\t\t\tch->pid, ch->id);\n \t\t ch->flags &= ~RUNNING;\n+#ifdef USE_PAM\n+\t\t notify_pam_dead_session(ch->id);\n+#endif\n \t\t if (ch->process[0] != '+')\n \t\t \twrite_utmp_wtmp(\"\", ch->id, ch->pid, DEAD_PROCESS, NULL);\n \t\t}\n@@ -2009,6 +2019,9 @@\n \t if (ch->flags & ZOMBIE) {\n \t\tINITDBG(L_VB, \"Child died, PID= %d\", ch->pid);\n \t\tch->flags &= ~(RUNNING|ZOMBIE|WAITING);\n+#ifdef USE_PAM\n+\t\tnotify_pam_dead_session(ch->id);\n+#endif\n \t\tif (ch->process[0] != '+')\n \t\t\twrite_utmp_wtmp(\"\", ch->id, ch->pid, DEAD_PROCESS, NULL);\n \t }\n@@ -2453,6 +2466,9 @@\n \t if (ch->flags & ZOMBIE) {\n \t\tINITDBG(L_VB, \"Child died, PID= %d\", ch->pid);\n \t\tch->flags &= ~(RUNNING|ZOMBIE|WAITING);\n+#ifdef USE_PAM\n+\t\tnotify_pam_dead_session(ch->id);\n+#endif\n \t\tif (ch->process[0] != '+')\n \t\t\twrite_utmp_wtmp(\"\", ch->id, ch->pid, DEAD_PROCESS, NULL);\n \t }\nIndex: src/utmp.c\n===================================================================\n--- src/utmp.c\t(revision 51)\n+++ src/utmp.c\t(working copy)\n@@ -34,10 +34,18 @@\n #include \n #include \n \n+#if defined(USE_PAM) && defined(INIT_MAIN)\n+# include \n+# include \n+#endif\n+\n #include \"init.h\"\n #include \"initreq.h\"\n #include \"paths.h\"\n \n+#ifndef _PATH_DEV\n+# define _PATH_DEV\t\"/dev/\"\n+#endif\n \n #if defined(__GLIBC__)\n # if (__GLIBC__ == 2) && (__GLIBC_MINOR__ == 0) && defined(__powerpc__)\n@@ -127,9 +135,9 @@\n \tstrncpy(utmp.ut_name, user, sizeof(utmp.ut_name));\n \tstrncpy(utmp.ut_id , id , sizeof(utmp.ut_id ));\n \tstrncpy(utmp.ut_line, line, sizeof(utmp.ut_line));\n- \n- /* Put the OS version in place of the hostname */\n- if (uname(&uname_buf) == 0)\n+\t\n+\t/* Put the OS version in place of the hostname */\n+\tif (uname(&uname_buf) == 0)\n \t\tstrncpy(utmp.ut_host, uname_buf.release, sizeof(utmp.ut_host));\n \n #if HAVE_UPDWTMP\n@@ -262,3 +270,75 @@\n \twrite_wtmp(user, id, pid, type, line && line[0] ? line : oldline);\n }\n \n+#if defined(USE_PAM) && defined(INIT_MAIN)\n+static pam_handle_t *pamh = NULL;\n+# ifdef __GNUC__\n+static int\n+null_conv(int num_msg, const struct pam_message **msgm,\n+\t struct pam_response **response __attribute__((unused)),\n+\t void *appdata_ptr __attribute__((unused)))\n+# else\n+static int\n+null_conv(int num_msg, const struct pam_message **msgm,\n+\t struct pam_response **response, void *appdata_ptr)\n+# endif\n+{\n+\tint i;\n+\tfor (i = 0; i < num_msg; i++) {\n+\t\tconst struct pam_message *msg = msgm[i];\n+\t\tif (msg == (const struct pam_message*)0)\n+\t\t\tcontinue;\n+\t\tif (msg->msg == (char*)0)\n+\t\t\tcontinue;\n+\t\tswitch (msg->msg_style) {\n+\t\tcase PAM_ERROR_MSG:\n+\t\tcase PAM_TEXT_INFO:\n+\t\t\tinitlog(L_VB, \"pam_message %s\", msg->msg);\n+\t\tdefault:\n+\t\t\tbreak;\n+\t\t}\n+\t}\n+\treturn 0;\n+}\n+static const struct pam_conv conv = { null_conv, NULL };\n+# define PAM_FAIL_CHECK(func, args...) \\\n+\t{ \\\n+\t\tif ((pam_ret = (func)(args)) != PAM_SUCCESS) { \\\n+\t\t\tinitlog(L_VB, \"%s\", pam_strerror(pamh, pam_ret)); \\\n+\t\t\tgoto pam_error; \\\n+\t\t} \\\n+\t}\n+\n+void notify_pam_dead_session(const char *id)\n+{\n+\tstruct utmp *oldut, ut;\n+\n+\tsetutent();\n+\n+\tmemset(&ut, 0, sizeof(ut));\n+\tut.ut_type = DEAD_PROCESS;\n+\tstrncpy(ut.ut_id, id, sizeof(ut.ut_id));\n+\n+\tif ((oldut = getutid(&ut)) && (oldut->ut_type == USER_PROCESS)) {\n+\t\tint pam_ret;\n+\t\tchar tty[UT_LINESIZE+ strlen(_PATH_DEV) + 1];\n+\n+\t\tif (strncmp(oldut->ut_line, _PATH_DEV, strlen(_PATH_DEV)))\n+\t\t\tsnprintf(tty, sizeof(tty), _PATH_DEV \"%.*s\",\n+\t\t\t\t UT_LINESIZE, oldut->ut_line);\n+\t\telse\n+\t\t\tsnprintf(tty, sizeof(tty), \"%.*s\",\n+\t\t\t\t UT_LINESIZE, oldut->ut_line);\n+\n+\t\tPAM_FAIL_CHECK(pam_start, \"init\", oldut->ut_user, &conv, &pamh);\n+\t\tPAM_FAIL_CHECK(pam_set_item, pamh, PAM_TTY, tty);\n+\t\tPAM_FAIL_CHECK(pam_set_item, pamh, PAM_RHOST, oldut->ut_host);\n+\t\tPAM_FAIL_CHECK(pam_close_session, pamh, PAM_SILENT);\n+\tpam_error:\n+\t\tpam_end(pamh, pam_ret);\n+\t}\n+\n+\tendutent();\n+}\n+#endif /* USE_PAM && INIT_MAIN */\n+\nIndex: src/Makefile\n===================================================================\n--- src/Makefile\t(revision 58)\n+++ src/Makefile\t(working copy)\n@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@\n # Version:\t@(#)Makefile 2.85-13 23-Mar-2004 miquels@cistron.nl\n #\n \n-CPPFLAGS =\n+CPPFLAGS = -DUSE_PAM\n CFLAGS\t?= -ansi -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer\n override CFLAGS += -W -Wall -D_GNU_SOURCE\n STATIC\t=\n@@ -79,6 +79,13 @@\n endif\n \n # Additional libs for GNU libc.\n+ifneq ($(findstring -DUSE_PAM,$(CPPFLAGS)),)\n+ INITLIBS\t+= -lpam\n+ PAMDOTD\t= /etc/pam.d\n+ PAMINIT\t= $(PAMDOTD)/init\n+endif\n+\n+# Additional libs for GNU libc.\n ifneq ($(wildcard /usr/lib*/libcrypt.a),)\n SULOGINLIBS\t+= -lcrypt\n endif\n@@ -153,6 +160,11 @@\n \t\t\t$(STRIP) $$i ; \\\n \t\t\t$(INSTALL_EXEC) $$i $(ROOT)/usr/bin/ ; \\\n \t\tdone\n+ifneq ($(findstring -DUSE_PAM,$(CPPFLAGS)),)\n+\t\t$(INSTALL_DIR) $(ROOT)$(PAMDOTD)\n+\t\ttest -s $(ROOT)$(PAMINIT) || \\\n+\t\t$(INSTALL_DATA) init.sample $(ROOT)$(PAMINIT)\n+endif\n \t\t# $(INSTALL_DIR) $(ROOT)/etc/\n \t\t# $(INSTALL_EXEC) initscript.sample $(ROOT)/etc/\n \t\tln -sf halt $(ROOT)/sbin/reboot\n" }, { "path": "contrib/sysd2v.sh", "content": "#!/bin/sh\n# sysd2v v0.3 -- systemd unit to sysvinit script converter\n# Copyright (C) 2019 Trek http://www.trek.eu.org/devel/sysd2v\n# distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License 3\n\n\nnl=\"\n\"\n\n# read a systemd unit file and set variables named ini_{section}_{key}\n# usage: read_unit filename instance\n# filename\tservice unit configuration file, '-' to read from stdin\n# instance\tinstance name for template units\nread_unit()\n{\n filename=$1\n instance=$2\n\n if [ \"$filename\" != - ]\n then\n inifile_unit_name=${filename##*/}\n inifile_unit_name=${inifile_unit_name%.*}\n fi\n\n rm_comm='/^[#;]/d'\n concat=':l; /\\\\$/ { N; s/[[:space:]]*\\\\\\n/ /; tl }'\n subst_inst=\"s/%[Ii]/$instance/g\"\n unit=$(\n cat \"$filename\" |\n sed \"$rm_comm\" |\n sed \"$concat;$subst_inst\"\n )\n section_list=$(\n printf %s \"$unit\" |\n sed -n 's/^\\[\\([[:alnum:]]\\+\\)\\].*/\\1/p'\n )\n oldifs=$IFS\n IFS=$nl\n\n for section in $section_list\n do\n get_sect='/^\\['\"$section\"'\\]/,/^\\[.\\+\\]/'\n key_list=$(\n printf %s \"$unit\" |\n sed -n \"$get_sect\"'s/^\\([[:alnum:]]\\+\\)[[:space:]]*=.*/\\1/p' |\n sort -u\n )\n\n for key in $key_list\n do\n val=$(\n printf %s \"$unit\" |\n sed -n \"$get_sect\"'s/^'\"$key\"'[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*\\(.*\\)/\\1/p'\n )\n var=$(\n echo \"${section}_$key\" |\n tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'\n )\n eval ini_$var=\\$val\n [ -n \"$debug\" ] && echo \"ini_$var=$val\" >&2\n done\n done\n\n IFS=$oldifs\n}\n\n\n# read a systemd configuration value and write its prefix to stdout\n# usage: get_prefix val\n# val\t\tsystemd configuration value\nget_prefix () { printf %s \"$1\" | sed -n 's/^\\([-@:+!|]*\\).*/\\1/p'; }\n\n\n# read a boolean value and returns true or false\n# usage: is_true val\n# val\t\tboolean value\nis_true () { case \"$1\" in 1|[Oo][Nn]|[Tt]*|[Yy]*) true;; *) false; esac }\n\n\n# read systemd services list and write LSB facilities to stdout\n# usage: get_provides services\n# services\tlist of service units\nget_provides ()\n{\n lst=\n for dep in $1\n do\n lst=${lst:+$lst }${dep%.service}\n done\n printf %s \"$lst\"\n}\n\n\n# read systemd units list and write LSB facilities to stdout\n# usage: get_depends dependencies [ignores]\n# dependencies\tlist of required units\n# ignores\tfacilities to ignore\nget_depends ()\n{\n lst=\n for dep in $1\n do\n d=\n case $dep in\n local-fs-pre.target) d=mountkernfs;;\n time-sync.target) d=\\$time;;\n systemd-modules-load.service) d=kmod;;\n local-fs.target|network-pre.target) d=\\$local_fs;;\n systemd-sysctl.service) d=procps;;\n network.target|network-online.target|systemd-networkd.service)\n d=\\$network;;\n nss-lookup.target) d=\\$named;;\n rpcbind.target|remote-fs-pre.target) d=\\$portmap;;\n remote-fs.target|sysinit.target|basic.target) d=\\$remote_fs;;\n syslog.service) d=\\$syslog;;\n boot-complete.target|multi-user.target|default.target) d=\\$all;;\n *.service) d=${dep%.service};;\n *) echo \"WARNING: unsupported target '$dep'\" >&2\n esac\n\n ign=${2:+$2 }$lst\n [ -z \"$ign\" -o -n \"${ign%%*\"$d\"*}\" ] &&\n lst=${lst:+$lst }$d\n done\n\n printf %s \"$lst\"\n}\n\n\n# read LSB facilities list and write runlevel to stdout\n# usage: get_runlevel facilities\n# facilities\tlist of required facilities\nget_runlevel ()\n{\n case $1 in\n *\\$remote_fs*) echo 2 3 4 5;;\n *) echo S\n esac\n}\n\n\n# write a list of environment files to be executed\n# usage: write_env list\n# list\t\tfiles separated by newlines, with prefix (-)\nwrite_env ()\n{\n oldifs=$IFS\n IFS=$nl\n\n for env in $1\n do\n pre=$(get_prefix \"$env\")\n noerr=\n\n [ -n \"$pre\" -a -z \"${pre%%*-*}\" ] && noerr=\"[ -r ${env#$pre} ] && \"\n\n printf '%s\\n' \"$noerr. ${env#$pre}\"\n done\n\n IFS=$oldifs\n}\n\n\n# write an environment variable containing paths\n# usage: write_path name prefix list\n# name\t\tname of the environment variable\n# prefix\tpath prefix to append directories\n# list\t\tpaths separated by spaces or newlines\nwrite_path ()\n{\n lst=\n for dir in $3\n do\n lst=${lst:+$lst:}$2/$dir\n done\n\n [ -z \"$3\" ] || printf '%s=%s\\n' $1 $lst\n}\n\n\n# write a list of directories to be created\n# usage: write_install prefix list [user [group [mode]]]\n# prefix\tpath prefix to append directories\n# list\t\tpaths separated by spaces or newlines\n# user\t\tuser ownership\n# group\t\tgroup ownership\n# mode\t\tpermission mode\nwrite_install ()\n{\n for dir in $2\n do\n printf ' install -d %s%s/%s || return 2\\n' \\\n \"${3:+-o $3 }${4:+-g $4 }${5:+-m $5 }\" \"$1\" \"$dir\"\n done\n}\n\n\n# write a list of commands applying systemd executable prefixes\n# usage: write_commands list [run [runpriv]]\n# list\t\tcommands separated by newlines, with prefixes (-@:+!)\n# run\t\tcommand line to run each command (nice, chrt, ...)\n# runpriv\tcommand line to set privileges (runuser, ...)\nwrite_commands ()\n{\n oldifs=$IFS\n IFS=$nl\n\n for cmd in $1\n do\n pre=$(get_prefix \"$cmd\")\n beg=$3\n end=' || return 2'\n\n if [ -n \"$pre\" ]\n then\n [ -z \"${pre%%*-*}\" ] && end=\n [ -z \"${pre%%*[+!]*}\" ] && beg=\n [ -z \"${pre%%*[@:]*}\" ] &&\n echo \"WARNING: unsupported exec prefix '$pre'\" >&2\n fi\n\n printf ' %s\\n' \"$2$beg${cmd#$pre}$end\"\n done\n\n IFS=$oldifs\n}\n\n\n# read a list of commands separated by newlines and write an override function\n# usage: write_function name [commands]\n# name\t\tfunction name (start_cmd, stop_cmd, ...)\n# commands\tlist of commands, read from stdin if omitted\nwrite_function ()\n{\n lst=${2-$(cat)}\n\n [ -n \"$lst\" ] || return\n [ \"$lst\" = : ] && printf \"do_${1}_override () :\\n\\n\" && return\n\n end=' true\\n'\n [ -z \"${lst%%*|| return [0-9]}\" -o -z \"${lst%%*|| return \\$?}\" ] && end=\n printf \"do_${1}_override ()\\n{\\n%s\\n$end}\\n\\n\" \"$lst\"\n}\n\n\n# write an init-d-script file starting from the ini_* vars (see read_unit)\n# usage: write_init servicename instance\n# servicename\tname of the service provided\n# instance\tinstance name for template units\nwrite_init ()\n{\n name=$1\n instance=$2\n\n if [ \"${name%@}\" != \"$name\" ]\n then\n name=$name$instance\n fi\n\n daemon_pre=$(get_prefix \"$ini_service_execstart\")\n daemon=${ini_service_execstart#$daemon_pre}\n\n if [ \"${daemon%%[[:space:]]*}\" != \"$daemon\" ]\n then\n daemon_args=${daemon#*[[:space:]]}\n daemon=${daemon%%[[:space:]]*}\n fi\n\n pidfile=$ini_service_pidfile\n\n if [ -n \"$ini_service_user\" ]\n then\n start_args=\"--user $ini_service_user\"\n [ -n \"$daemon_pre\" -a -z \"${daemon_pre%%*[+!]*}\" ] ||\n start_args=\"$start_args --chuid $ini_service_user\"\n stop_args=\"--user $ini_service_user\"\n runprivstart=\"runuser -u $ini_service_user -- \"\n is_true \"$ini_service_permissionsstartonly\" || runpriv=$runprivstart\n fi\n\n cls=$ini_service_ioschedulingclass\n pri=$ini_service_ioschedulingpriority\n [ -n \"$cls$pri\" ] &&\n start_args=\"$start_args --iosched ${cls:-best-effort}${pri:+:$pri}\" &&\n run=\"ionice ${cls:+-c $cls }${pri:+-n $pri }\"\n\n pol=$ini_service_cpuschedulingpolicy\n pri=$ini_service_cpuschedulingpriority\n [ -n \"$pol$pri\" ] &&\n start_args=\"$start_args --procsched ${pol:-other}${pri:+:$pri}\" &&\n run=\"${run}chrt ${pol:+--$pol }${pri:-0} \"\n\n [ -n \"$ini_service_nice\" ] &&\n start_args=\"$start_args --nicelevel $ini_service_nice\" &&\n run=\"${run}nice -n $ini_service_nice \"\n\n pre=$(get_prefix \"$ini_service_workingdirectory\")\n workdir=${ini_service_workingdirectory#$pre}\n [ \"$workdir\" = '~' ] && workdir=\\~$ini_service_user\n [ -n \"$workdir\" ] &&\n start_args=\"$start_args --chdir $workdir\" &&\n chdir=\"${pre}cd $workdir\"\n\n if [ -z \"${service_type:=$ini_service_type}\" ]\n then\n if [ -n \"$ini_service_busname\" ]\n then\n service_type=dbus\n elif [ -n \"$ini_service_execstart\" ]\n then\n service_type=simple\n else\n service_type=oneshot\n fi\n fi\n\n if [ \"$service_type\" != forking ]\n then\n start_args=\"$start_args --background\"\n [ -z \"$pidfile\" -a \"$ini_service_killmode\" != none ] &&\n start_args=\"$start_args --make-pidfile\" &&\n pidfile=\"/var/run/$name-sysd2v.pid\"\n fi\n\n if [ \"$service_type\" = notify ]\n then\n start_args=\"$start_args --notify-await\"\n timeout=${ini_service_timeoutstartsec:-$ini_service_timeoutsec}\n timeout=${timeout%s}\n [ -n \"${timeout#60}\" ] &&\n start_args=\"$start_args --notify-timeout $timeout\"\n [ -n \"$timeout\" -a -z \"${timeout%%*[^0-9]*}\" ] &&\n echo \"WARNING: unsupported timeout '$timeout'\" >&2\n elif [ \"$service_type\" = dbus ]\n then\n : TODO\n fi\n\n signal=${ini_service_killsignal#SIG}\n timeout=${ini_service_timeoutstopsec:-$ini_service_timeoutsec}\n timeout=${timeout%s}\n [ -n \"${signal#TERM}\" -o -n \"${timeout#90}\" ] &&\n stop_args=\"$stop_args --retry=${signal:-TERM}/${timeout:-90}/KILL/5\"\n\n limitnofile=$ini_service_limitnofile\n [ \"$limitnofile\" = infinity ] && limitnofile=unlimited\n\n need_install=$ini_service_runtimedirectory\n need_install=$need_install$ini_service_statedirectory\n need_install=$need_install$ini_service_cachedirectory\n need_install=$need_install$ini_service_logsdirectory\n need_install=$need_install$ini_service_configurationdirectory\n\n need_do_start=$ini_service_execstartpre$ini_service_execstartpost\n need_do_start=$need_do_start$need_install\n\n execstop=$ini_service_execstop\n\n if [ \"$service_type\" != oneshot ]\n then\n [ \"$pidfile\" = \"/var/run/${daemon##*/}.pid\" ] && unset pidfile\n [ \"$name\" = \"${daemon##*/}\" ] && unset name\n\n [ -n \"$daemon_args\" -a -z \"${daemon_args%%*[\\\"\\\\]*}\" ] &&\n echo \"WARNING: DAEMON_ARGS needs to be escaped\" >&2\n errcheck=' || return $?'\n\n if [ -n \"$daemon_pre\" ]\n then\n [ -z \"${daemon_pre%%*-*}\" ] && errcheck=\n [ -z \"${daemon_pre%%*[@:]*}\" ] &&\n echo \"WARNING: unsupported exec prefix '$daemon_pre'\" >&2\n fi\n\n # TODO: test if already running before start (pretest=\"+do_status_cmd\")\n [ -n \"$need_do_start\" -o -z \"$errcheck\" ] &&\n execstart=\"-+do_start_cmd$errcheck\"\n\n errcheck=' || return $?'\n [ -n \"$execstop\" ] && errcheck=\n [ -n \"$execstop$ini_service_execstoppost\" -a \\\n \"$ini_service_killmode\" != none ] &&\n killstop=\"-do_stop_cmd$errcheck\"\n\n [ -n \"$timeout\" -a -z \"${timeout%%*[^0-9]*}\" ] &&\n echo \"WARNING: unsupported timeout '$timeout'\" >&2\n else\n daemon=none\n pidfile=none\n : ${name:=SERVICE_NAME}\n unset daemon_args start_args stop_args\n execstart=$ini_service_execstart\n runstart=$run\n fi\n\n need_do_start=$need_do_start$execstart\n start_args=${start_args# }\n stop_args=${stop_args# }\n\n aliases=$(get_provides \"$ini_install_alias\")\n\n [ -z \"$ini_unit_defaultdependencies\" ] ||\n is_true \"$ini_unit_defaultdependencies\" &&\n defdep=sysinit.target\n\n req_start=$(get_depends \"$ini_unit_requires $defdep\")\n should_start=$(get_depends \"$ini_unit_wants $ini_unit_after\" \"$req_start\")\n\n default_start=$(get_runlevel \"$req_start $should_start\")\n [ \"$default_start\" = S ] && default_stop='0 6' || default_stop='0 1 6'\n [ -z \"$execstop$ini_service_execstoppost\" ] &&\n [ \"$service_type\" = oneshot -o \"$ini_service_killmode\" = none ] &&\n default_stop=\n\n [ \"$default_start\" = S ] && ignore=\\$remote_fs\n start_before=$(get_depends \"$ini_unit_requiredby $ini_install_wantedby\n $ini_unit_before\" \"$req_start $should_start \\$all $ignore\")\n\n cat <\nMessage-Id: <25042.199704141439@stone.dcs.warwick.ac.uk>\nSubject: SysVinit patch\nTo: miquels@drinkel.cistron.nl\n\nHi. Enclosed is a patch for SysVinit that I am finding tiresome to\nkeep updating; you might like to fold it into your official releases.\nIt does the following:\n\n* shutdown: use /etc/shutdown.allow if an option -s is given instead\n of testing for a controlling tty. The tty check was inflexible and\n unreliable.\n\n* sulogin(8): refer to inittab(5) instead of inittab(4).\n\n* sulogin: use libc passwd/shadow functions instead of home-grown ones\n (there's just no point in using the special version).\n\n* shutdown/sulogin: don't rely on the username \"root\" -- it's the UID\n that counts.\n\n-zefram\n\nbegin 644 initdiffs.gz\nM'XL(``IG43,\"`^T[:U/;R+*?E5_1>&L3&\\G&#Y[FD%H\")/%9)U\"8G-0](44)\nM>62KD\"6M1K+7)YO_?KM[1K)DFP\"[V:T]=2^5`FFFIZ??W=.C##W7A;H3@YS+\nMJ1=X2;W=V#W8DN,T&8:SH+%?GC`+,\\\\V-S?O76:\\CCWX9QI`:QO_=3N[W68;\nM6@<'N\\_J]?K].(T!+CF.8FAUH-WI-G>Z.QU:MD>;%7]X\\U;+:NT!OP(T7L&6\nMO/6\"'!N-7;Z\"3W!=3^BY=PE2./#YV48^'M^-`\\?%(9J&Q)L(7M3#R9D=!UXP\nMJD^$E/9(*)CKRM>O7YD#M34^U?_0UO*I>Z\\3P^Z!M;>MQ$\"DX>M^*R--_!KY\nM-DHZC.>0H0L#2,8\"G'`RL8,A^%X@<,!.8.;Y/MP*I#5((`G!]GU$D4H1R\\:\"\nM!),>OGSY`E\"7]-*[@&OWU75=7KL7^'X6R#36\"&U>#'::C,/8DV)(6$E(0%)B\nM*M`4$C$!3X(?CD8(X04-Q'(UQA'\\%X3Q!,F8$Z(AS,8BH,TR.>..!.0@!,[>\nMSFF.[`K'J_LU\"_'PBI,D]NO'?E(_%3[!1S%*0@P;``,A%!7\"2;R0.'0=G\nMX20,DCCT%4^WP@]GX(8Q3$+DS0M<(HM6-)0X2\"Z0RR53)DNF1V^$!N`C$:,E\nMP/:^WJJ;.U9K8=?(TLG59;]^W+^JGY[UB64;:=`\\6,2U$PLD)AB!'8`=17$8\nMQ9Z=\"$`UHMJ]@+'TMD3B;)%T$OL6L324C\"?\"#J32EIB*>!ZB,H@4#IM:!2YA\"N0B)URA:%^UGH`DL*\nMI+7.6#AW+!I4B.>[^A\nMN'$X*9@*T>0EB@99(((0NQZRF0DOUQNB\"6<:)RD\"N2,'Z3'_`7E6A#J2C`&)\nM1H(#&[V/*&=),]:9EXP5A\"<38B028>23X2C?B46)872F)2ZAJAGI;4WM>\"M.\nM@ZTTF41(5ZT!YX$_)[[SL+\nM8O_O`FM=@#1+;O![7\"`W/H10D1L11131K/^[OE\"2+QLWBF+5]%6X^%.,?_A`\nM.>;<6SHYWRK''.,J%7\"`*J8BJ9!,<_B$\\KG$S81OSS%Y)S.!ECCHO;DZNWP'5//@\\\\^]?I]3.A%`\nM:5POQG43^PY=F*J8A1/*=4ZH]N1?*%V\"ZQKOO%]2I'2*2P>3$,N%X#:-1Q9,\nM>%S^-(R]X$[X#0[M9(3`-/2(!C:Q:P]+6\\PL8+L)2B[7U!+P\nM6`./;7\\M*%G37LO:R^OM[R`)^=\\IBK5&LF_M=Q9^MX?E?^YX.>(@IW[9_ZXK\nM7`95V`=QG,5$[(%KRV290$?CR?QQU0V7%JSWQ4S6Y(MW%$BE-PILGQ>;B\\52\nM[_9XARSOCM+A'%?A&KR\">6243B@/4];'O6TZ%VU`E6J$ZTJ`>:Q2PT6(I'9(\nM1H7')R^IMOAE_=FKO;MOM?<*XF^CS[;1:;/(AT1A:/.&08A$PA$T#_-1+_PPVW4B].6,[ADV2.R>33YWVY\\+$;>I^:K7W<6@M\nMZ?O;5J=SD(47XI!^8U1RHGF5<-[X6+7X%E1:2A[/ZCB_M1C]5-T+.W3`2075P>MSOGW]$:N)*C9&\\_]#OU]#[ZT28@72]#]=28A&E\nM,X%2+-;_'/85C8:GY*NP7&)Z@34U3@8\\&V/%4G61:EE%\"5N`(K8P_M04+89!\nM#)/HFY^)H1<_O(#??H/\"P'7PHL:$>D$J#O,E'KR$3FMY!C-459(4$,$A;,KH\nM$&1DFC46ZR;-9!CY1;-A+$S\",TWD_RH&'C:)\nM-$'?K*Y3KK&PND1W!G1O@'JYOWQN[-![]]GN>NL$EZD7!DM_Q+!4%M+\nMP3`U-VP7,UMFO.1>3H1I_$5?+4:9D_/W@_/^&4IUMA)EJ#S,ZPPW0ICK^)&U\nM?>,Z5DDEPU+R*\\V8D6<;S26%9&0.5-2]T)9.&4T=U91/T;1RJJJC_`AGJYCJ\nM'(L2WA3I='[!JB=PYTEWU/6ZFK&S\\]*&IV'6\"DSQ5#PI9CTI,)EOE1_&\">X99*B>.+)#A@U7-\nM)B'`DT7IY*O/NPU0D6(8\"LD5':X/J27I<%VJ?C($O^!!V7/G%J%@&7LJQ#AT\nM@D9HW#X-T*ZG:$2TD^TX81HDFOQH/CT[FO=F1_/W94?SP>QH\nMDG68#V5'LYP=V8[^8'8TGYP=U:Y/RX[FT[*C^>CL:#XJ.V90&X.;WN#D[:7.\nMDN05M75P3\\BB]TMC35XSGY#7S#^2U\\SEO&86\\YJI0F5F<\\6\\EIO4M_*:N9K7\nMS\"?E-?.[Y#5S-:^9H!E;Y#7-I8Z[.J]Q1*%S3^BNG\"95J6ZK)J'.=J=KHB\\&>5?B&4OS].,0#?8Y[H-TW-=F2[E!N>;2,YM8UV3+YOC*W._3VV?-636FS[>8L-H#%X\"Z=G@Y/+WL55[_R]ND?4>/&%+#^8AG>E\nMB['J?HU:M7PK5NA3CT)NR%*[%Z6/HF93(Y=\\1J=C[47#D\"\\*551#E\\IZZ]1U\nMU4WUZG9-M5QQOYZZ74%KE2$U(A,V!)JB7,@GY8A.J8F1!O]<_K_$MY86Z0V!191>T?T=1[?PM1/6`\nM*SCW&:[S#5=PC(](U#]3']K;T-KIMMK=SNZ#KN`8[T+M\"MO01`=J=EO?<(7V\nM-E:HA;[+MM5I9OK^P0LPSN66%SJ+[5RXN7GS_L--O_?J\\OCR?VYNX.41[*XOISO6=C-S[!^P\nMD*4[^9.W9R<_WZ#=&JV5T7>G.SR*YX-LXN)X,/AX:E2X.\"/#F`TKA>G!V^/3\nM\\X]Z6C%6*:!]U7L_>(NSZC,&FGF6M9?^A2&?+L>/H/)3]8>:UA>T&GO0VJ^C\nMFNND6G@W'30JA^HP@,HXN/_P0\"5A>]%Y^JHVV]JD(\\^F,1#TX0`639Y]Z^>7\nM3U/;3X7Z(B#A$-]@:#K8<3M8BJ2JR-W$I98F'5?1J?1+=ORC=QJ-D1E\\II.6\nM/@YOJ3:^\\4:H&SPZ5+-[S<)XJ/Q7=?LI\"6$5D#IZ>@B;6)P1>#3CQ,T=Z0T\\\nM4R54CB_!HI$=TN2BC;>`9)*IEOK4WMG]O#(CRU.*0>X#4JIC^K'8-UY3.S7$\nMHE&&$P'Z3,37;?9P2AW'A@+<(B1D\\]'LAF[D2+W<23@L3&BJ<:HT/!).*&ET\nMD$88_3Y@\"\"S-#ST2<&6K-\"C'PO=74*59P[.`?3%$H\\OY7MEYEO\"/%@D?80TD\nM)\\:B3L'4&*L18^TQ%-E116R-X8Q%$[!J2)^UNM]Z(N`J.#'@+'*RX!4+M8R+H_8\nMW-6;KHK4WU(\"8\\\"A:N'B81:$I\nM,RAJD[03+5O0TD42%HZ2BV\"5PMWL8XD`57B_E65<8%$(<\"H^EG?,6U&L#7@?)OKKPMP5@E`MT,F.\nM[W,I`^)1>286GQ#*.R]2+8%A&M,IDRKC+*EOZ(J!+J.8SOQJV=`97)=]$/KD\nM9,G\\4,TM$C2M^]3:58U-A0T91,.F\"1ZD\"SWO4*!9S-Q;\\RQ`\nMRF7/8GRI\\EE,%(N?PDYKZI^(B2+CG.&B:O,1D?G$I@\\5N-EHPX?>*30S$;,2\nME5$5XW*FDE*)!`]GVSRU%D)8'E'J+]=DO;\\BZ97W5G/#0@#^6\\9?]D8$TVKE[?F[,R113;:4.61S_?,WU):N9!?&*P!T\nM`;`T6T`]>'O6[^.P3'51K^:U\"ZL.S+;5WLG_Y\\%W)+AHX_>1O0KS:.+7-F3V\nM]ZW.P4XN_3Q,K76*0MA1]6RK6*UR<5NH*PJA.[^_5)!K8A8&+?CM-X;(OL[!\nMPI=C<35:L*TC[,J`^BI`W;1J[FF7FN[3=':LSO9\"94_D7)7O2-```\n`\nend\n\n" }, { "path": "doc/Changelog", "content": "sysvinit (3.15) released; urgency=low\n\n * Patched manual page for runlevel command. This cleans up formatting and whitespace.\n Patch provided by Bjarni Ingi Gislason.\n \n * Fixed formatting in init manual page to indicate runlevel arguments\n to telinit are not optional.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.14) released; urgency=medium\n\n * Re-introduced DESTDIR flag in src/Makefile to assist building on Arch.\n * Fixed typo in init.8 manual page.\n * Expand process length in inittab to allow a command line 253 characters\n (up from 127). Expand child process structure to accomidate 253\n and some buffer room for newline/NULL.\n * Clear buffer when reading long lines from inittab, avoids garbage left\n over from old lines with long commands or comments.\n * Drop lines which are too long from inttab conf and log warning rather\n than truncate.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.13) released; urgency=low\n\n * Adjusted manual page install location. Patch provided\n by Mark Hindley.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.12) released; urgency=low\n\n * There were instances of the ctime() function being called in multiple files without\n checking the return value (can be NULL) and without checking the length of the\n returned information. While there _should_ never be a case where ctime() fails\n assuming success and length of returned string isn't ideal (or future-proof).\n We now check the return value of ctime() in bootlogd, dowall, last, logsave, and\n shutdown. Where no valid value is returned we supply a dummy value (usually a\n space in place of the expected time stamp). We also no longer assume returned string\n is at least 11-16 characters.\n\n * Re-commit flexible Makefile for GoboLinux.\n\n * Make sure pty.h and sys/sysmacros.h are included when building bootlogd on\n systems with glibc.\n\n * Fixed typos and syntax in manual page for init.8.\n Edits provided by : Bjarni Ingi Gislason.\n\n * Allow setting of location of the /usr directory in src/Makefile.\n This is handled by the usrdir variable.\n\n * Make sure src/Makefile uses sysconfdir (/etc by default) when installing\n configuration files.\n\n * Fix typos and syntax in pidof manual page.\n\n\n\nsysvinit (3.11) released; urgency=low\n\n * Some escape characters were included in the inittab manual page, but not displayed\n by the \"man\" command because they were not (ironically) properly escaped. This has been\n fixed.\n\n * Enabled chaining commands together in the inittab file. This allows the admin\n to run commands like \"task1 && task2\" or \"task2 || task2\" from the inittab file.\n\n * Fix typoes in halt manual page. Fixes provided by Bjarni Ingi Gislason.\n\n * Fix typos/markdown in fstab-decode manual page.\n Patch provided by Bjarni Ingi Gislason.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.10) released; urgency=low\n\n * When the user executes \"machinectl stop\", systemd sends SIGRTMIN+4 to PID 1 \n in the container, and expects that to initiate a graceful shutdown (power-off).\n SysV init now catches this signal and initiates a shutdown (shutdown -hP now).\n - floppym provided patch to accomplish this.\n\n * Fix issue in bootlogd which could cause the service to enter an endless loop\n (and use too much CPU) when it is able to open a device for writing, but not actually\n able to write to it. This resulted in bootlogd closing and re-opening the device over\n and over. Now bootlogd should simply fail gracefully when it cannot write to an open\n file/device.\n\n * Fix formatting in shutdown.8 manual page. Cleaned up whitespace and special characters.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.09) released; urgency=low\n\n * Patch for man/Makefile to fix the clean recipe.\n Provided by Lucas Nussabaum and Mark Hindley\n\n * On Linux systems, allow reboot command to pass a message\n to the system firmware during the restart. This is\n accomplished with the -m flag.\n\n * Patch from kraj which allows hddown to compile\n when musl is the C library.\n\nsysvinit (3.08) released; urgency=low\n * floppym provided patch which causes the halt command\n to call \"shutdown -h -H\" instead of \"shutdown -h\" when\n halt is invoked without parameters. This forces the shutdown\n command to set the INIT_HALT variable and assume, unless other\n conditions apply, that the \"halt\" call really wants to halt the\n machine and INIT_HALT should be set. In other words we\n assume halt wants to halt unless told otherwise.\n Addresses downstream Gentoo bug ID 911257.\n\n * Applied a patch from floppm which adds kexec option to the halt command.\n\n * Updated halt documentation and help output to display parameters in\n alphabetical order.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.07) released; urgency=low\n * Fixed killall5 so that processes in the omit list are\n not sent any signals, including SIGSTOP.\n * Fixed usage message for killall5 to be more accurate.\n * pidof was not returning PIDs of programs which were launched\n using a symbolic link. (ie /tmp/sleep when /tmp/sleep links to /usr/bin/sleep).\n This is now fixed as we check both the realpath and symbolic path for processes.\n In other words, \"pidof /tmp/sleep\" and \"pidof /usr/bin/sleep\" will return\n the same PIDs when /tmp/sleep is a symbolic link to /usr/bin/sleep.\n * Fixed memory initialization error in pidof. Fix provided by Markus Fischer.\n * Accepted patch from Mark Hindley which avoids clearing realpath information\n in pidof when trying to find matching executables.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.06) released; urgency=low\n * Mark Hindley fixed typo in es.po\n * Mark Hindley cleaned up translation code in src/Makefile. \n * Drop sulogin from Debian build. Removed libcrypt-dev dependency.\n * Fixed pt translation pages which were failing due to mis-matched\n open/close tags.\n * Makefile now respects ROOT prefix when setting up pidof-to-killall5\n symbolic link.\n * Removed redundant translation files from man directory.\n * Makefile now respects DESTDIR. User can specify either ROOT= or DESTDIR=\n to set install prefix.\n\n\nsysvinit (3.05) released; urgency=low\n * Helge Kreutzmann provided updated Makefile for\n translation of manual pages. This has been added\n to the man directory.\n * Added sys/sysmacros.h include in mountpoint.c to fix\n compiler errors on systems where major/minor macros were not defined.\n * Applied patches from Mark Hindley to clean up man page\n Makefile, translations and installs of new man pages.\n * Remove reliance on linux/fs.h as it conflicts with glibc 2.36.\n Patch provided by lucascars.\n\nsysvinit (3.04) released; urgency=low\n * Mark Hindley supplied patch to make bootlogd compile\n on GNU Hurd systems. Was missing major/minor macro.\n\nsysvinit (3.03) released; urgency=low\n * Fixed formatting in init.8 man page.\n Patch provided by Mark Hindley.\n * Fixed compile error on GNU Hurd and musl-base systems. Due to missing MAX_PATH definition.\n Error reported by Mark Hindly.\n\nsysvinit (3.02) released; urgency=low\n * Added q and Q flags to synopsis in shutdown manual page.\n * Applied fixes for markup and spacing in manual pages.\n Patch provided by Mario Blattermann.\n * Added translation framework (po4a) from Mario Blttermann.\n * Added Makefile for man/ directory. Will handle translations\n and substitutions.\n * Applied new translations for multiple languages from Mario Blattermann.\n * Added ability to use \"@\" symbol in command named in the inittab file. This\n treats commands as literal and does not launch a shell to interpret them.\n * Updated inittab manual page to include overview of symbols which trigger\n a shell interpretor and how to disable them using the @ symbol.\n * Introduced change which adds error checking in bootlogd when performing\n chdir(). - Provided by Alexander Vickberg \n * Add check for console using TIOCGDEV on Linux systems in bootlogd to\n make finding console more robust. - Provided by Alexander Vickberg\n \n\nsysvinit (3.01) released; urgency=low\n * Default to showing processes in the uninterruptable state (D).\n The -z flag no longer affects whether processes in D state are shown.\n The -z flag does still toggle whether zombie (Z) processes are shown.\n\n * Removed unnecessary check which is always true from init tab parsing.\n\nsysvinit (3.00) released; urgency=low\n\n * Applied patch from Matthias Schiffer which allows bootlogd to read from\n a wider range of consoles. The console name is already passed in from the\n kernel command line using \"console=\". We no longer filter out names as strictly\n but do now check to confirm the \"console=\" device points to a valid TTY.\n\nsysvinit (2.99) released; urgency=low\n\n * Fixed typos and missing underlines in shutdown manual page.\n Corrections provided by Helge Kreutzmann.\n\nsysvinit (2.98) released; urgency=low\n\n * Fixed time parsing in shutdown when there is a + in front of a 0 time offset.\n Commands with a positive time offset (+1) would work but +0 fails.\n This has been corrected by Arkadiusz Miskiewicz.\n\nsysvinit (2.97) released; urgency=low\n\n * Check $(ROOT) filesystem for libcrypt instead of a hardcoded path to /usr.\n Added logsave and readbootlog to list of files git ignores.\n - Patches provided by Petr Ovtchenkov.\n\n * Code clean-up and making sure we avoid freeing unused memory.\n Patch provided by David Hoyer.\n\n * Added shell script from Trek which converts systemd unit files\n into init.d style scripts.\n\n * Added patch from Didier Gaudin which allows init to load configuration\n data from files stored in /etc/inittab.d/\n\n * Added patch from William Shipley which allows shutdown time to be specified\n in the format +hh:mm. This is in addition to the existing formats such as\n hh:mm, +m, and \"now\".\n\n * Fixed typos in manual pages. Submitted by Helge Kreutzmann.\n\n\nsysvinit (2.96) released; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n\n * Added -z command line parameter to pidof which tells pidof to\n try to find processes in uninterruptible (D) or zombie (Z) states.\n This can cause pidof to hang, but produces a more complete process\n list.\n Closes Savannah bug #56534\n\n * Reformatted init code to make if/while logic more clear.\n\n * Cleaned up some output from readbootlog.\n\n * Added -e flag to bootlogd. When -e is used, data saved\n to the boot log file does not have escape characters\n removed. This means colour and cursor movement codes\n stay in the log file. The may then look nicer when\n read with \"less -R', but may appear cluttered or\n out of alignment when viewed with other, plain-text tools.\n When -e is not used, escape characters are removed/filtered.\n Closes Debian bug #672361.\n\n * Make sure src/Makefile cleans up all executable files\n when parent Makefile calls \"make clean\".\n\n\nsysvinit (2.95) released; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n\n * Fixed various typos and control codes in manual pages.\n Patch provided by Bjarni Ingi Gislason.\n * Dropped \"-f\" format flag for pidof command as it\n could be used to print information from memory or crash\n pidof. Replaced flag with \"-d\" which allows for a custom\n separator to be used between listed PIDs.\n Patch supplied by KatolaZ.\n * Updated manual page to describe -h and its modifiers (-H and -P)\n in more detail. Should close Debian bug #374039.\n * Use millisecond delays in init so that shutdown\n can happen without a near-full-second delay after\n all processes have terminated. Replaced do_sleep()\n with do_msleep(), provided by Serge Belyshev.\n * Replaced hardwired sleep constants in init.c with\n defined constants for easy updating in the future.\n * Accepted patch from Luc Gommans which explains why zombie and\n deep sleep processes (Z and D) may be hidden from pidof.\n * Removed link instruction against sepol library from src/Makefile.\n This has no change to the resulting binary, just makes the\n Makefile cleaner.\n\nsysvinit (2.94) released; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n\n * When the halt command is called with the -p flag (or as poweroff)\n the command now passes the \"-h -P\" flags to shutdown. This\n in turn sets the INIT_HALT environment variable to POWEROFF.\n Assuming this value is checked by initscripts during the\n shutting down procedure, it should cause the system to\n be powered off.\n If halt is called without -p then the value of INIT_HALT\n is not set and the default action (often set in /etc/default/halt)\n is taken.\n * Removed unnecessary malloc.h includes. Memory allocation\n and freeing is now handled in stdlib.h\n * Added defines for FreeBSD to make some components compile\n on FreeBSD 11.\n * Increased the size of the kernel command line buffer in bootlogd\n from 256 characters to 4096. This size is defined in KERNEL_COMMAND_LENGTH\n for easy modification downstream.\n * Added logsave.c and logsave.8 manual page from e2fsprogs to make\n sure logsave is available to initscripts.\n * Updated src/Makefile to make sure bootlogd compiles with Clang.\n * Use defined constants for password length in sulogin. Makes\n it easier to update/patch later.\n * Minor code fixes across multiple source files to avoid buffer\n overflows, or uninitialized strings.\n * Changed the way the \"when\" variable is used internally in shutdown.c.\n It starts as a NULL pointer, then might get set as a pointer to optarg,\n then it might get set to point to an argv parameter, then it might have\n a string value copied into it, over-writing the original data. We should\n not risk over-writing internal variables which might get used for something\n else (it's rude and security risk). Set up \"when\" as its own buffer\n that has data from optargs and/or argv copied into it.\n * Fixed typo in init.8 manual page.\n * Updated text of fstab-decode to explain what the utility does.\n\n\nsysvinit (2.93) released; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n\n * Fixed typo in pidof which would prevent the -o (omit PID)\n flag from working.\n Fixes Debian bug ##913394.\n * Fixed error where pidof would not omit checking PIDs passed\n to it when the -o flag was used.\n Fixes Debian bug #913394.\n\n\nsysvinit (2.92) released; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n\n * The shutdown and init commands were using different default delays between\n sending processes SIGTERM and SIGKILL - they were 3 and 5 seconds, respectively.\n Unified these on 3 seconds, using a new defined value in init.h.\n Updated shutdown manual page to reflect the change and better explain\n how -t and -n flags work.\n Updated the init manual page with the new default value.\n The updated documentation resolves Debian bug #375274.\n * Remove PC speaker beep from shutdown process in dowall.c.\n Closes Debian bug #614893.\n Patch provided by Andreas Fackler.\n * Removed unused Version variable from wall.c.\n * Updated halt/reboot manual page to acknowledge the -i\n flag may not properly shut down network interfaces if the interface\n does not have an IP address.\n Addresses Debian bug #361935.\n * Applied patch from Daniel Povey which should allow killall5/pidof to\n avoid locking up if it encounters stopped or zombie processes \n due to broken NFS mount points.\n This should allow Debian bug #719273 to be closed.\n * Applied patch from Regid Ichira to clarify shutdown command\n line options. Updated manual page for shutdown.\n Closes Debian bug #630661.\n * shutdown command was setting environment variable INIT_HALT to \n \"POWERDOWN\", this should have been \"POWEROFF\" as specified in the\n manual page. Fixed code to match manual page and init scripts.\n Closes Debian bugs #717531 and #590895\n * Added -l flag to \"last\" command. When used it allows \"last\" to\n display usernames longer than 8 characters long.\n * Added -q and -Q flags to shutdown command to make the \"system is going down\"\n message appear less often. The -q flag causes messages to only appear at the\n 10 minute, 5 minute and x-hour intervals.\n The -Q flag maintains complete silence up until the final \"now\" warning.\n * Mention GRUB as a potential boot loader in init page since LILO is\n rarely used anymore, outside of Slackware.\n * Swapped out ECHOPRT for ECHOE in stty settings when init brings up\n emergency console. Should make backspace-erasing characters work\n more naturally.\n Closes Debian bug #402847.\n * Updated src/Makefile to make sure we build all the software before\n attempting to install.\n * Removed typos from pidof manual page and killall5 page.\n Closes Debian bugs #815839, #905245 and #890478\n * Added -f option to pidof program to allow printf\n style formatting.\n Closes Debian bug #571590\n Thanks to Philipp Marek for the patch.\n * Added new tool (readbootlog) which will read the /var/log/boot file\n produced by bootlogd. The output is displayed cleaned up so there\n are no control characters. This avoids the need to use sed or related\n tools to try to clean up the contents of the log.\n * Added manual page for readbootlog program. Updated bootlogd page\n to reference it. Closes Debian bug #725123.\n * Updated the shutdown manual page to try to make it more clear\n where we are talking about an initscript called halt or the halt\n program. Likewise whether we are talking about the shutdown process\n or the specific shutdown program.\n Should address Debian bug #374039.\n * Added patch from Samuel Thibault to make project compile\n on Hurd branch of Debian.\n\n\nsysvinit (2.91) world; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n\n * Adjusted order of compile flags to make it easier for downstream\n to adjust optimization level. Patch provided by Matias Fonzo.\n Can now set optimization level in CFLAGS variable.\n * Added --version command line flag to display current version info.\n Updated manual page for init.8 to match.\n * Version information is now fetched and defined by the Makefile.\n No more need to update the version manually in the init.c source.\n * The init process now writes the current runlevel to /var/run/runlevel.\n This information can be read by the \"runlevel\" command as well as \"halt\"\n and \"reboot\". Having the information logged in /var/run/runlevel as\n well as the utmp file means systems without utmp (like those running\n the musl C library) can still check the current runlevel. This is\n useful when running halt/reboot as these programs want to check the\n runlevel.\n * Added patch from Walter Harms which allows pidof to run without\n displaying output. In this mode pidof simply returns true or false\n without displaying PID values.\n Updated manual page with new -q (quiet) mode.\n Added -h flag for pidof, which was recognized before, but not used.\n The -h flag now displays brief usage information for pidof.\n * Added check for kernel parameter init.autocon=1. If this exists, then\n init will try to open its own console. If not, then any console=\n parameters will be ignored. This avoids conflicts with native kernel\n created consoles.\n\nsysvinit (2.90) world; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n * Updated some comments in init.c to answer questions or\n remove old notes we no longer need.\n * Removed unneeded \"count\" variable in utmpdump.c.\n * Fixed typo in accidental wrote_wtmp_rlevel == 0 || wrote_wtmp_rlevel \n comparison so the latter is wrote_utmp_rlevel.\n * Simplified logic in mountpoint.c when testing for same device or same inode.\n Thanks to David Binderman for pointing out the above three issues.\n * When we run shutdown and then the computer is put to sleep, the\n shutdown command recognizes time has passed and continues its\n countdown taking the time lapse into consideration. This prevents\n longer waits if we slept past the time we should have shutdown.\n Accurate to the nearest minute.\n Closes Savannah bug #36279.\n * Added document article and manual page for the initctl (/run/initctl)\n named pipe. Makes it easier for people to communicate with and\n extend communication to init.\n * Added check that named pipe is open before trying to close it\n when something goes wrong or we receive SIGUSER1. Avoids potential\n crash if we receive SIGUSR1 while pipe is not open.\n * Added new signal handler for SIGUSR2. When init receives SIGUSR2\n it closes (and leaves closed) the named pipe /run/initctl. This\n can be used to make sure init does not have any files open. However,\n it also means we cannot switch run levels or bring down the system.\n The pipe can be re-opened by sending init the SIGUSR1 signal.\n * Added \"Fall through\" comments to some switch statements where multiple\n approaches are tried in order to prevent warnings from GCC 7 (and newer).\n (Thanks to Matias Fonzo for this fix.)\n * Added includes on Linux for sys/sysmacros.h as the old defines in\n the sys/types.h file will be removed in the future.\n (Thanks to Matias Fonzo for this fix.)\n * Removed old LSM file.\n Added .gitignore files to avoid git tracking object files.\n Removed old start-stop-daemon from contrib directory.\n (Patches provided by Guillem Jover.)\n * Cleaned up most warnings generated by GCC 7 & 8. We still\n get some from faulty \"nonstring\" reports, but silencing them on\n GCC 8 results in more warnings on GCC 7 and Clang, so leaving them\n for now.\n * Fixed compile error on Fedora 28 where crypt() will not link due to\n undocumented dependency change.\n * Updated Makefile to make sure correct version number and correct\n version of files are used. Makefile was pulling from master to create\n tarballs with old version information when trying to create beta\n snapshot.\n * Updated version information in init.c\n * Updated compiler flag from -fstack-protector to -fstack-protector-strong\n for better protection.\n * Cleaned up toplevel Makefile so it stops creating unnecessary temporary\n directories.\n * Fixed typo in mountpoint.c. Patch provided by Radostin Stoyanov.\n\n\nsysvinit (2.89) world; urgency=low\n\n [ Jesse Smith ]\n * Updated mountpoint command with -p flag. The -p flag causes\n mountpoint to search for circular mount points. For example, if\n /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then the former is a valid\n mount point. This only works on Linux since it uses /proc/mounts.\n Updated manual page to match. This fix closes Savannah bug #37114.\n * Removed two sleep calls when we are doing sync anyway to make sure\n data is being written. Speeds up reboot time by about two seconds.\n * Fixed Clang compiler warning regarding variable data parameters to sprintf().\n * Updated top-level Makefile to work with git repo instead of old svn repo.\n * Removed unused variables and findtty() function in bootlogd\n * Add checks to return code for fscanf() called in init.c.\n This mostly just cleans up compiler warnings.\n * Perform error check on setuid() call as suggested in manual page.\n * Fix typo in killall5.c\n Move initscript sample file from \"src\" to \"doc\" directory and updated\n Makefile to match.\n * Allow multiple console output\n When booting a kernel with multiple serial console support, or multuiple\n console arguments ala \"console=tty1 console=ttyS0,9600\" the kernel will output\n messages to all consoles, init however will not. It will only send output to,\n and accept input from, the last of the consoles.\n This patch fixes it.\n (Patch provided by Martin Buck.)\n * Added Patch from Debian developer Mats Erik Andersson to make\n ioctl work on GNU/kFreeBSD. Patches bootlogd.\n * Added Robert Millan's Debian patch to set TERM variable to xterm (instead\n of cons25) when running on GNU/kFreeBSD.\n * Added Robert Millan's Debian patch to use /run/initctl as the named\n pipe for communicating. This works around a limitation on the kFreeBSD\n branch which prevents us from using /dev/initctl for pipes.\n * Confirmed we have applied Guillem Jover's patch to make\n ifdown work on FreeBSD.\n * Confirmed we have Debian patch to fix enabling SELinux.\n (Credit to Petter Reinholdtsen)\n * Confirmed we have Debian patch to make sure utf-8 flag is not cleared from tty.\n (Credit to Samuel Thibault)\n * Confirmed we have Roger Leigh's Makefile patch to allow building\n with multiarch libcrypt.\n * Applied Justus Winter's symlink patch to make sure killall5\n builds and runs on Hurd.\n * Confirmed we have Werner Fink's PATH_MAX patch for getting\n killall5 to build on Hurd.\n * Made sure we have Petter Reinholdtsen's patch to init.c which\n allows init to build on GNU/kFreeBSD despite missing VSWTC.\n * Dropping Debian patch to use /run/nologin instead of /etc/nologin in paths.h.\n Seems every distribution uses a different location. Oracle uses /etc/nologin,\n CentOS seems to use /var/run/nologin.\n We will use /etc/nologin and let distros patch to suit their own preference.\n * Updated halt.8 man page with corrections from\n Christoph Anton Mitterer.\n * Confirmed we have applied patch from Bjarni Ingi Gislason\n which fixes typo in fstab-decode man page.\n * Applied Debian patch to allow init to build on GNU Hurd.\n (Credit: Roger Leigh)\n * Confirmed we have Debian patch from developer Johannes Truschnigg\n which informs the user of field size limit.\n * Applied patch from Debian to the init manual page (init.8)\n to better address runlevels. (Author unknown)\n * The pidof command used to discover the correct PID of\n a process even if the wrong path was given. For example\n pidof /wrongpath/sleep would find the PID of a command run as \"sleep\".\n This bug was reported on Launchpad for Ubuntu and on Savannah.\n https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/sysvinit/+bug/1546126\n http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/?47196\n This bug appears to have been fixed in the development branch,\n allowing these bugs to be tested/closed.\n * Confirmed Savannah bug #37114 (mountpoint does not detect\n mount points using --bind on same file system) still exists,\n but fixed in Debian and Red Hat.\n Considering this bug closed since distributions are using\n util-linux's mountpoint program and ours is no longer\n built/used by default.\n Considered importing util-linux mountpoint but that would duplicate\n effort and pull in a new dependency on libmount.\n * Problem with pidof breaks after prelink (Savannah bug #34992)\n fixed. Patch supplied by Dave Dykstra.\n * Patch to automatically spawn a getty on kernel consoles\n The feature is useful for developers and admins that occasionally need\n to boot with e.g. console=ttyS0.\n The built in default can be overridden via inittab for each device. An\n entry like \"S0::off:\" turns off the getty on ttyS0.\n characters in log file. Also makes parsing easier.\n This should close Savannah bug report 36528.\n http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/?36528\n * Applied patches provided in Savannah bug report 49991. Fix tabs in\n bootlogd and avoid printing uninitialized \"buf\" variable when\n consolename() fails.\n\n [ Werner Fink ]\n * Do not forget room for last NULL of new environment (was\n local bug 35866)\n * Handle deleted binaries in pidof (was local bug #34992)\n * Allow init to delete extra environment variables (was local bug\n #35858)\n * Avoid that init double environment variables for its children\n (was local bug #35855)\n * Remove man-db tag for encoding for canonical man\n * Sulogin: try to detect the real device(s) used for the system console\n /dev/console if but only if /dev/console is used. On Linux this can\n be more than one device, e.g. a serial line as well as a virtual\n console as well as a simple printer.\n * Fix counting message lines in wall. Patch from Petr Lautrbach.\n * Fix bad printf conversion specifier in wall. Patch from Sébastien Luttringer.\n * Add patches from Openwall project. Thanks goes to Solar Designer.\n * Add code to detect the system consoles with the help of the\n new /proc/consoles files of linux kernel 2.6.38+\n * Try to make utmpdump IPv6 valid, change based on suggestion from\n Navdeep Bhatia (see local bug #32429)\n * Fix signal and alarm handling based on the patch from Florent Viard.\n (was local bug #32304)\n * Add fix for Redhat bug #573346: last incorrectly displays IPv6\n addresses (was local bug #29497)\n * Correct fix for Debian bug #547073: use IUTF8 flag if defined\n and if already set to make sure the utf-8 flag is not cleared\n from the tty. Patch from Samuel Thibault.\n * Include limits.h in killall.c to enforce definition of PATH_MAX\n * Fix sysvinit bug #29758 Linker invocation should not contain\n headers. Change based on patch from Elias Pipping.\n * Add fix for Debian bug #580272: use return value 1 of\n is_selinux_enabled() to determine if SELinux is enabled,\n otherwise initialize SELinux and load the policy. Patch from\n Petter Reinholdtsen.\n * Make quotes visible in example of the manual page of fstab-decode\n * Sulogin: enforce reconnection of stdin/stdout/stderr if a device\n was specified.\n * Sulogin: if zero is read at reading the passwd guess it's done.\n * Sulogin: respect byte order that is do not mix chars and ints\n * Shutdown: use PATH_DEFAULT as suggested by Paul Arthur in local bug #36101\n * Killall5/pidof: handle strange names of executables (local bug #36252)\n * Sulogin: be aware the crypt(3) may fail (local bug #36313)\n\n [ Petter Reinholdtsen ]\n * Next release will be 2.89dsf.\n * Add #ifdef in bootlogd.c to avoid gcc warnings about unused\n variable on non-linux platforms.\n * Only set the VSWTC field for termios in init if it is available,\n to get the source building on FreeBSD.\n * Add some code to be able to detect programs even as user with\n kernel 3.0 and above\n * Improve message printed when signaling processes to stop.\n Patch from Matias A. Fonzo at the dragora project.\n * Rename internal functions warn() and shutdown() in the shutdown\n binary to avoid surprising dynamic library name resolution\n conflict with NSS modules. Patch from Richard Tollerton.\n * Try harder to find libcrypt.*, even if there is no static library\n available. Also look in /usr/lib/*/ for the library, to handle\n Debian multiarch systems. Based on patch from Andrew Gregory.\n * Adjust included headers to be compatible with the musl C\n library. Patch from Matias A. Fonzo and Dragora.\n * Move dovoid() macro from #ifdef__GLIBC__ to #ifdef __linux__,\n to match the condutions of the place where it is used. Thanks\n to Matias A. Fonzo for noticing.\n * Define _XOPEN_SOURCE when building to get crypt() from \n instead of using in sulogin.c, to get the source building\n with the musl C library.\n * Use sysconf(_SC_SYMLOOP_MAX) instead of MAXSYMLINKS. If sysconf\n returns an error, fall back to MAXSYMLINKS on platforms that\n define it. Fixes build on Hurd. Patch from Justus Winter and\n Debian.\n * Adjust makefile to make it easier to link all binaries statically.\n Patch from Matias A. Fonzo and Dragora.\n * Rewrite findtty() in bootlogd.c to not chance working directory, to\n reduce the amount of failure that can happin in that function.\n * Adapt bootlogd TIOCCONS call to kfreebsd. Patch from Mats Erik\n Andersson and Debian.\n * Document length limit for the process field in the inittab. Patch\n from Johannes Truschnigg and Debian.\n * Fix typo in fstab-decode(8) font escape. Patch from Bjarni Ingi\n Gislason and Debian.\n * Port ifdown.c to FreeBSD. Patch from Guillem Jover and Debian.\n * Drop dsf part from version number. It no longer make sense to keep.\n * Remove obsolete/ directory from tarball. None of it have been useful\n for many years.\n * Make it possible to specify the initctl path as a compile time\n define INIT_FIFO.\n * Use narrowly scoped file descriptor for handling opened TTY in\n spawn(). Patch from Michał Kulling.\n * Check exit code from dup() in spawn() and log error if it fail.\n Patch from Michał Kulling.\n\n -- Petter Reinholdtsen Sun Apr 11 11:28:55 CEST 2010\n\nsysvinit (2.88dsf) world; urgency=low\n\n [ Petter Reinholdtsen ]\n * Mention new home on Savannah in README.\n * Revert change from Fedora/RedHat where the now obsolete command\n INIT_CMD_CHANGECONS was introduced. Based on feedback and patch\n from Bill Nottingham.\n * Adjust makefile to make sure the install directories are created\n before files are copied into them.\n * Simplify build rules, based on patch from Mike Frysinger and Gentoo.\n * Fix minor bug in optimizing of argument parsing. Based on\n report from jakemus on freshmeat.\n * Add casts to get rid of compiler warning about signed/unsigned issues.\n * Change tty handling in init to make sure the UTF-8 flag is not cleared\n on boot. Patch from Samuel Thibault.\n * Add Makefile in toplevel directory.\n * Print usage information when shutdown is used by non-root user.\n Patch from Mike Frysinger and Gentoo.\n * Sync shutdown manual page and usage information. Patch from Mike\n Frysinger and Gentoo.\n * Fix race condition in utmp writing. Patch from Gil Kloepfer via\n Mike Frysinger and Gentoo.\n * Rewrite findtty() in bootlogd to recursively search /dev/ for the\n correct device, to handle terminal devices for example in /dev/pty/.\n Patch from Debian.\n * Make sure bootlogd findpty() returns an error value when it fails to\n find a usable pty. Patch from Rob Leslie via Debian.\n * Make sure bootlogd fflush() every line, even if asked not to flush\n to disk using fdatasync(). Patch from Scott Gifford via Debian.\n * Add compatibility code to handle old path \"/etc/powerstatus\" for a\n while.\n * Include definition for MNT_DETACH which is missing in older GNU libc\n headers.\n * Do not strip binaries before installing them, to make it easier to\n get binaries with debug information installed.\n\n [ Werner Fink ]\n * Add the comment from Andrea Arcangeli about the correct\n place of setting the default childhandler within spawn().\n * Make sure that newline is printed out for last(1) even\n if an utmp record entry is truncated.\n * Check if utmp not only exists but also is writable and delay\n writing out of the utmp runlevel record if utmp is not writable.\n * Be able to find libcrypt also on 64 bit based architectures.\n * Add option -w to the last command to display the full user and\n domain names in the output. Patch from Petr Lautrbach.\n * Add a manual page for utmpdump as this tool is sometimes\n very useful even if not intended for normal use.\n * Use paths.h macros for wall\n * Change path \"/etc/powerstatus\" to \"/var/run/powerstatus\"\n * Detected also removable block devices at halt/reboot to be able\n to flush data and send them the ATA standby command. This should\n avoid data loss on USB sticks and other removable block devices.\n * Flush block devices on halt/reboot if not done by the kernel.\n * Set SHELL to /bin/sh in the environmant of shutdown.\n * Retry to write out shutdown messages if interrupted.\n * pidof/killall5 - make omit pid list a dynamic one.\n * pidof - provide '-n' to skip stat(2) syscall on network based FS.\n * init - avoid compiler warnings\n * init - initialize console by using the macros from ttydefaults.h\n * init - add the possibility to ignore further interrupts from keyboard\n * init - add the possibility to set sane terminal line settings\n * sulogin - add the possibility to reset the terminal io\n * Fix some minor problems\n * init - enable is_selinux_enabled() to detect selinuxfs\n * Add fix for Debian bug #536574 -- Can be enabled by -DACCTON_OFF\n * Add helper program fstab-decode to make it easier to handle\n /etc/mtab content. Patch by Miloslav Trmac and Fedora.\n * Add fix for Debian bug #335023 - Make sure TERM is set on FreeBSD.\n * Add fix for Debian bug #374038 - Make it clear that shutdown -c can\n only cancel a waiting shutdown, not an active one.\n * Add note to pidof manual page about the use of readlink(2). Patch by\n Bill Nottingham and Fedora.\n * Add PAM patch contrib/notify-pam-dead.patch based on Debian bug\n #68621, which will add PAM support for programs spawned by init on\n the console like sulogin. Based on patch by Topi Miettinen. This\n patch is not applied by default yet while we review its\n usefulness. It is only helpful for session handling, as sulogin\n do not use and will not use a PAM conv() function. The current\n sulogin is able to handle DES as well as MD5, SHA, and Blowfish\n encrypted passwords due using getpwnam(3).\n * Move utmp/wtmp before the execvp() in spawn() to be sure to\n use the correct pid even on a controlling tty\n * Remaining problem is that the pid of the second fork() for\n getting a controlling tty isn't that reported by spawn()\n * Re-enable writing utmp/wtmp for boot scripts\n * Extend sulogin to support additional encryption algorithms\n * Re-enable maintenance message of sulogin\n * Enable the sulogin fallback password check to handle MD5, SHA, and\n Blowfish encrypted passwords in case of getpwnam(3) fails.\n * sulogin picking the SELinux context was broken. Patch by Daniel Walsh\n\n -- Petter Reinholdtsen Sun Apr 11 11:28:55 CEST 2010\n\nsysvinit (2.87dsf) world; urgency=low\n\n * Fix typos and do minor updates in the manual pages.\n * Correct section of mountpoint(1).\n * Document -e and -t options for telinit in init(8).\n * Update address of FSF in the COPYRIGHT file.\n * Document in halt(8) that -n might not disable all syncing.\n Patch by Bill Nottingham and Fedora\n * Adjust output from \"last -x\". In reboot lines, print endpoint\n of uptime too. In shutdown lines print downtimes rather than\n the time between downs. Fix typo in string compare in last.c.\n Patch by Thomas Hood.\n * Improve handling of IPv6 addresses in last. Patch from Fedora.\n * Document last options in usage information, previously only\n mentioned in the manual page.\n * Add new option -F to last, to output full date string instead\n of the short form provided by default. Patch from Olaf Dabrunz\n and SuSe.\n * Adjust build rules to make sure the installed binaries\n are stripped.\n * Increase the compiler warning level when building.\n * Fix utmp/wtmp updating on 64-bit platforms. Patch by Bill\n Nottingham and Fedora.\n * Avoid unchecked return value from malloc() in utmpdump.\n Patch from Christian 'Dr. Disk' Hechelmann and Fedora.\n * Make sure to use execle and no execl when passing environment to\n the new process. Patch from RedHat.\n * Correct init to make sure the waiting status is preserved across\n re-exec. Patch from RedHat.\n * Correct init to avoid race condition when starting programs during\n boot. Patch from SuSe.\n * Allow 'telinit u' in runlevels 0 and 6. Patch from Thomas Hood.\n * Change install rules to make pidof an absolute symlink. Patch from\n Thomas Hood.\n * Improve error message from init if fork() fail. Patch found in Suse.\n * Add support for SE Linux capability handling. Patch from Manoj\n Srivastava, adjusted to avoid aborting if SE policy was loaded in\n the initrd with patch from Bill Nottingham and Fedora.\n * Add -c option to pidof for only matching processes with the same\n process root. Ignore -c when not running as root. Patch from\n Thomas Woerner and Fedora.\n * Adjust init to terminate argv0 with one 0 rather than two so that\n process name can be one character longer. Patch by Kir Kolyshkin.\n * Make sure bootlogd exit with non-error exit code when forking of\n the child successfully.\n * Add bootlogd option -s to make it possible to control the use of\n fdatasync(). Patch from Thomas Hood.\n * Add bootlogd option -c to tell it to create the log file if it does\n not exist. Patch from Thomas Hood.\n * Let bootlogd also look at ttyB* devices to work on HPPA. Patch\n from Thomas Hood.\n * Change init to use setenv() instead of putenv, make sure the PATH\n value is usable on re-exec. Patch from Thomas Hood.\n * Add usleep in killall5 after killing processes, to force the kernel\n to reschedule. Patch from SuSe.\n * Modify pidof to not print empty line if no pid was found.\n * Modify init and sulogin to fix emergency mode's tty, making sure ^C\n and ^Z work when booting with 'emergency' kernel option. Patch from\n Samuel Thibault.\n * Modify init to allow some time for failed opens to resolve themselves.\n Patch from Bill Nottingham and Fedora.\n * Modify init to shut down IDE, SCSI and SATA disks properly. Patches\n from Sebastian Reichelt, Werner Fink and SuSe.\n * Modify wall to use UT_LINESIZE from instead of hardcoded\n string lengths. Patch from SuSe.\n * Change wall to make halt include hostname in output.\n * Change killall to avoid killing init by mistake. Patch from SuSe.\n * Change killall5 to use the exit value to report if it found any\n processes to kill. Patch from Debian.\n * Add option -o opmitpid to killall5, to make it possible to skip\n some pids during shutdown. Based on patch from Colin Watson and\n Ubuntu.\n * Add references between killall5 and pidof manual pages. Patch from Debian.\n * Modify killall to work better with user space file system, by\n changing cwd to /proc when stopping and killing processes, and\n avoiding stat() when the value isn't used. Also, lock process\n pages in memory to avoid paging when user processes are stopped.\n Patch from Debian and Goswin von Brederlow with changes by Kel\n Modderman.\n * Change shutdown to only accept flags -H and -P with the -h flag,\n and document this requirement in the manual page.\n * Change reboot/halt to work properly when used as a login shell.\n Patch by Dale R. Worley and Fedora.\n * Let sulogin fall back to the statically linked /bin/sash if both roots\n shell and /bin/sh fail to execute.\n\n -- Petter Reinholdtsen Sun, 12 Jul 2009 19:58:10 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.86) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * Fixed up bootlogd to read /proc/cmdline. Also keep an internal\n linebuffer to process \\r, \\t and ^H. It is becoming usable.\n * Applied trivial OWL patches\n * Block signals in syslog(), since syslog() is not re-entrant\n (James Olin Oden , redhat bug #97534)\n * Minor adjustments so that sysvinit compiles on the Hurd \n * killall5 now skips kernel threads\n * Inittab entries with both 'S' and other runlevels were broken.\n Fix by Bryan Kadzban \n * Changed initreq.h to be more flexible and forwards-compatible.\n * You can now through /dev/initctl set environment variables in\n init that will be inherited by its children. For now, only\n variables prefixed with INIT_ can be set and the maximum is\n 16 variables. There's also a length limit due to the size\n of struct init_request, so it should be safe from abuse.\n * Option -P and -H to shutdown set INIT_HALT=POWERDOWN and\n INIT_HALT=HALT as environment variables as described above\n * Add \"mountpoint\" utility.\n * Slightly better algorithm in killall5.c:pidof()\n * Added some patches from fedora-core (halt-usage, last -t,\n sulogin-message, user-console)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Fri, 30 Jul 2004 14:14:58 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.85) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * Add IPv6 support in last(1)\n * Sulogin: even if the root password is empty, ask for a password-\n otherwise there is no way to set a timeout.\n * Removed support for ioctl.save.\n * Turned of support for /etc/initrunlvl and /var/run/initrunlvl\n * Fixed warts in dowall.c (\"Dmitry V. Levin\" )\n * Fix init.c::spawn(). The \"f\" variable was used both as file descriptor\n and waitpid(2) return code. In certain circumstances, this leads to\n TIOCSCTTY with wrong file descriptor (Vladimir N. Oleynik).\n * Fix fd leak in sulogin (Dmitry V. Levin).\n * More error checking in all wait() calling code (Dmitry V. Levin).\n * Fix argv[] initialization in spawn() (Dmitry V. Levin).\n * Change strncpy to strncat in most places (Dmitry V. Levin).\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 15 Apr 2003 16:37:57 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.84) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * Don't use /etc/initlvl interface for telinit; only use /dev/initctl,\n and give a clear error when that fails.\n * Add -i/--init command line flag to init - this tells init\n 'behave as system init even if you're not PID#1'. Useful for\n testing in chroot/jail type environments.\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 27 Nov 2001 13:10:08 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.83) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * Fix bug in shutdown where it didn't check correctly for a\n virtual console when checking /etc/shutdown.allow\n * Fix race condition in waitpid() [Andrea Arcangeli]\n * Call closelog() after openlog()/syslog() since recent libc's\n keep the logging fd open and that is fd#0 aka stdin.\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 2 Oct 2001 23:27:06 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.82) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * Print out correct version number at startup.\n * Fix spelling of initttab in init(8)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Thu, 23 Aug 2001 17:50:44 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.81) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * Fix typo/bug in killall5/pidof, -o option failed to work since 2.79.\n Reformatted source code to prevent this from happening again.\n * shutdown.8: applied redhat manpage update\n * sulogin: applied redhat sysvinit-2.78-sulogin-nologin.patch\n * sulogin: applied redhat sysvinit-2.78-notty.patch\n * sulogin: applied redhat sysvinit-2.78-sigint.patch\n\nsysvinit (2.80) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * Grammar/spelling fixes in shutdown.c (Christian Steinrueck)\n * Don't set controlling tty for non-(sysinit,boot,single) runlevels\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Thu, 26 Jul 2001 13:26:56 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.79) cistron; urgency=low\n\n * New upstream version\n * several fixes to wall by Tim Robbins \n * Several extra boundary checks by Solar Designer\n * Make /dev/console controlling tty\n * Stricter checks on ownership of tty by mesg(1)\n * Documented and restricted -n option to wall(1)\n * Make it compile with glibc 2.2.2\n * Document IO redirection in wall manpage (closes: #79491)\n * Update README (closes: #85650)\n * Fix init.8 manpage (closes: #75268)\n * Fix typo in halt(8) manpage (closes: #67875)\n * Check time argument of shutdown(8) for correctness (closes: #67825)\n * Check for stale sessions in last(1) (Chris Wolf )\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Wed, 4 Jul 2001 15:04:36 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.78-2) frozen unstable; urgency=high\n\n * Change \"booting\" to \"reloading\" message at reload\n * Add \"-z xxx\" dummy command line argument (closes: #54717)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Fri, 11 Feb 2000 12:17:54 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.78-1) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * 2.78 will be the new upstream version, I'm skipping 2.77\n * Shutdown now calls sync before switching the runlevel to 0 or 6,\n or before unmounting filesystems if -n was used (closes: #46461)\n * Some cosmetic changes to init.c (closes: #32079)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Thu, 30 Dec 1999 20:40:23 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.77-2) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Fix last -i option\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 5 Oct 1999 21:51:50 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.77-1) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Write reboot record into utmp file as well to make rms happy\n * Fork and dump core in / if SIGSEGV is received for debugging purposes\n * Patch by Craig Sanders for \"last\" -i option\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Wed, 4 Aug 1999 11:16:23 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.76-4) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Change dowall.c to handle Unix98 ptys correctly\n * Add comment in rcS about usage of setup.sh and unconfigured.sh\n * Shutdown now removes nologin file just before calling telinit\n * SEGV handler now tries to continue after sleep of 30 seconds.\n On a 386-class processor it also prints out the value of EIP.\n * Fix for racecondition in check_init_fifo() by Richard Gooch\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Sat, 8 May 1999 17:22:57 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.76-3) frozen unstable; urgency=high\n\n * Small bugfix to last.c courtesy of Danek Duvall \n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 12 Jan 1999 12:12:44 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.76-1) frozen unstable; urgency=high\n\n * Fix bug in check_pipe() which crashes init on the Alpha.\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 3 Nov 1998 11:09:13 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.75-4) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Change sulogin password buffer to 128 characters.\n * Don't print control characters in dowall.c\n * Try to open getenv (\"CONSOLE\"), /dev/console and /dev/tty0 in order.\n For backwards compatibility when you try to boot a 2.0.x kernel\n with a linux > 2.1.70 /dev/console device.\n * Change src/Makefile for non-debian systems (mainly, RedHat)\n * Try to create /dev/initctl if not present; check every time to see\n if the dev/ino of /dev/initctl has changed and re-open it. This should\n help devfs a bit.\n * Send SIGUSR1 to init at bootup to let it re-open /dev/initctl;\n again in support of devfs.\n * Moved pidof to /bin (it's only a link to killall5 anyway)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Mon, 5 Oct 1998 14:03:14 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.75-2) frozen unstable; urgency=medium\n\n * Fix last.c again.\n * Add check to see if /dev/initctl is really a FIFO\n * In ifdown.c first down all shaper devices then the real devices\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 2 Jun 1998 22:43:01 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.75-1) frozen unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Rewrote last.c to be much more memory friendly and correct,\n thanks to Nick Andrew and\n David Parrish \n * Fixes bugs:\n #21616: sysvinit: sulogin thinks md5 root password is bad\n #21765: sysvinit: Typo in `killall5.c'\n #21775: sysvinit: sysvinit does not support MD5 hashed passwords\n #21990: /usr/bin/last: unnecessary memset and off-by-one bug\n #22084: sysvinit 2.74-4: SIGPWR missing on sparc\n #21900: init, powerfail events, and shutdown.allow\n #21702: init 0 does not work as expected...\n #21728: sysvinit: Typo in `init.c'\n #22363: sysvinit: discrepance btw. manpage and /sbin/init\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 19 May 1998 11:02:29 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.74-4) frozen unstable; urgency=medium\n\n * Add -o option to last to process libc5 utmp files.\n * Buffer overflow fixed in init.c (not very serious; only exploitable\n by root). Thanks to Chris Evans \n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Wed, 15 Apr 1998 17:04:33 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.74-1) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Should compile with glibc 1.99 :)\n * Change behaviour of reboot(1) and halt(1) so that the default when\n the runlevel can't be determined is to call shutdown.\n * Added re-exec patch from Al Viro (21 Feb 1998):\n 'U' flag added to telinit. It forces init to re-exec itself\n (passing its state through exec, certainly).\n May be useful for smoother (heh) upgrades.\n 24 Feb 1998, AV:\n did_boot made global and added to state - thanks, Miquel.\n Yet another file descriptors leak - close state pipe if\n re_exec fails.\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Thu, 12 Mar 1998 17:42:46 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.73-2) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Change _NSIG to NSIG for 2.1.x kernel includes.\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Thu, 8 Jan 1998 16:01:02 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.73-1) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Use siginterrupt, now that system calls are restarted by default.\n Main symptom was that the sulogin timeout didn't work but there\n might have been more hidden problems.\n * Kill process immediately if turned off in inittab\n * Fixed sulogin check on tty arg.\n * Use strerror() instead of sys_errlist\n * wall now supports a '-n' option to suppress [most of] the banner.\n Debian doesn't use sysvinit's wall, but apparently Redhat does.\n * Add '-F' (forcefsck) option to shutdown\n * Close and reopen /dev/initctl on SIGUSR1 (mainly for a /dev in ram)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Sat, 3 Jan 1998 16:32:39 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.72-3) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Add extra fork() in dowall.c to avoid hanging in rare cases\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Wed, 22 Oct 1997 14:44:00 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.72) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Applied manual page patches by Bill Hawes . Thanks Bill!\n * Applied patches to the sample Slackware scripts by\n \"Jonathan I. Kamens\" \n * Fix halt and reboot runlevels 0 & 6 check.\n * Only say \"no more processes left in runlevel x\" once\n * Fix race condition with SIGCHLD in spawn()\n (thanks to Alon Ziv )\n * Compress all manpages (missed 2)\n * Compiled for libc6\n * Added poweroff patch by Roderich Schupp \n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Sun, 12 Oct 1997 17:20:17 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.71-2) frozen unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Print 2.71 instead of 2.70 on startup :)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Mon, 5 May 1997 12:45:25 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.71-1) frozen unstable; urgency=high\n\n * Added code for updwtmp() in utmp.c for glibc (2.0.3)\n * Fixed all programs to use functions from utmp.c and getutent()\n * Do not try to clean up utmp in init itself (Bug#9022)\n * Removed sync() from main loop.\n * Hopefully fixes bug #8657 (shutdown signal handling)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Sat, 26 Apr 1997 19:57:27 +0200\n\nsysvinit (2.70-1) unstable; urgency=low\n\n * Respawn fix\n * Removed StUdLy CaPs from source code\n * Moved files in source archive around\n * Fixes for glibc (utmp handling, signal handling).\n * Fixed '-d' option to last (now also works without '-a').\n * Added extra checking in last.c to prevent showing dead entries\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Fri, 7 Feb 1997 15:31:30 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.69-1) frozen unstable; urgency=medium\n\n * Fixed bug that can throw X in a loop (or any other app that reads from\n /dev/tty0)\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Sun, 1 Dec 1996 15:32:24 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.67-1) frozen unstable; urgency=high\n\n * Fixes problem with /dev/console being controlling terminal of some\n daemons\n * Puts copyright file in the right place\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Fri, 15 Nov 1996 12:23:33 +0100\n\nsysvinit (2.66-1) unstable; urgency=medium\n\n * Skipped 2.65. A development 2.65 got out by accident and is apparently\n being used..\n * Also compiles and runs with GNU libc (and on the Alpha)\n * Fixed dowall.c not to exit when getpwuid() fails and uid == 0.\n * Fixed init panic'ing on empty lines in /etc/inittab\n * Changed default PATH to include /usr/local/sbin\n * Set /dev/console as controlling terminal for sysinit,bootwait,wait,powerwait\n This allows using ^C to interrupt some parts of eg the boot process.\n * Remove old symlink in /var/log/initlvl; let init check both\n /var/log and /etc itself.\n\n -- Miquel van Smoorenburg Tue, 29 Oct 1996 13:46:54 +0100\n\n2.66 29-Oct-1996\n- Skipped 2.65. A development 2.65 got out by accident and is apparently\n being used..\n- Fixed dowall.c not to exit when getpwuid() fails and uid == 0.\n- Fixed init panic'ing on empty lines in /etc/inittab\n- Changed default PATH to include /usr/local/sbin\n- Ported to Linux/Alpha and GNU libc.\n- Set /dev/console as controlling terminal for sysinit,bootwait,wait,powerwait.\n This allows using ^C to interrupt some parts of eg the boot process.\n- Remove old symlink in /var/log/initlvl; let init check both\n /var/log and /etc itself.\n\n2.64\t28-Jun-1996\n- Init checks CONSOLE environment variable on startup (overrides /dev/console)\n- Init sets CONSOLE variable for all its children.\n- Wtmp(): when zeroing out old utmp entries, keep ut_id field\n- Wtmp(): try to re-use ut_id field if possible.\n- SetTerm(): only read from /etc/ioctl.save if written once.\n- Included start-stop-daemon, C version (source only).\n- Fixed wait() for the emergency shell.\n- killall5: ignore signal before doing kill(-1, pid).\n\n2.63 14-Jun-1996\n- Fixed preinst script for Debian\n- Fixed init.c to become init daemon if name is init.new\n- Fixed pidof to not return PIDs of shell scripts\n\n2.62-2\t09-Jun-1996\n- Changed debian /etc/init.d/boot script to create a nologin file\n at boot and to remove it just before going multiuser.\n\n2.62 31-May-1996\n- Decided to release a 2.62 version with a BIG WARNING about upgrading\n init in it. Will send a patch to Linus for the linux/Documentation/Changes\n file so that 2.62 or later is mentioned as the version to upgrade to.\n- Added docs for Slackware\n\n2.61-3 29-May-1996\n- Fixed debian/etc/init.d/network for the lo device.\n- Added \"-xdev\" to the cd /tmp && find in debian/etc/init.d/boot\n- Made remove time for files in /tmp configurable.\n\n2.61 29-Apr-1996\n- Changed /etc/init.d/boot script again\n- Fixed problem in init.c with trailing whitespace after entries in inittab\n- Fixed killall5 problems\n- Added manpage for lastb\n- Added SHELL= environment variable to sulogin\n- Fixed sulogin & shadow problems\n- Added timeout option to sulogin\n\n2.60-2 16-Apr-1996\n- Fixed sulogin (didn't work if root wasn't first entry in shadow file)\n- Fixed mesg for systems with \"tty\" group (such as Debian)\n- Fixed nsyslog() in killall5.c\n\n2.60 01-Apr-1996\n- Fixed race condition in init.c, resulting in hanging shutdowns.\n Courtesy of Max Neunhoeffer .\n- Fixed debian/etc/init.d/boot for swapon and mdadd\n- Added architecture to debian.control\n- Added manpages for rc.boot and rc.local\n- Updated inittab manpage for 4-character runlevel field\n- Added debian replaces for bsdutils < version_without_mesg\n- Fixed init.c so that it also works with kernels 1.3.81 and up\n\n2.59 10-Mar-1996\n- Init logs less to syslog (suspected to hang in syslog() or openlog() )\n- removed closelog() from init.c\n- removed time check of runlevel record in halt.\n- Added options to last to get hostname from ut_addr field\n- Added last and mesg to installation targets\n- rewrote /etc/init.d/boot a bit.\n\n2.58-2 04-Jan-1996\n- Changed etc/init.d/rc to do a stty onlcr\n- Added /var/log/initrunlvl symlink\n\n2.58-1 31-Dec-1995\n- Added the latest debian files.\n- Added support for 4-character id fields (if you have libc5).\n- Fixed pidof (in killall5) parsing of /proc/.../stat\n- Save restore GMT setting in /etc/init.d/boot\n\n2.57d 03-Dec-1995\n- Added sulogin\n- Added \"-b\" flag to init, gives a shell before\n anything else (in case the startup scripts are screwed)\n- Moved fastboot to /fastboot\n- Folded in Debian patches.\n- Removed old scripts\n- Added debian /etc/directory.\n\n2.57c 08-Oct-1995\n- Changed over to init_request (with initreq.h)\n- Processes no longer killed when \"process\" field\n changes, change takes effect after next respawn.\n\n2.57b xx-Aug-1995\n- Bugfix release for Debian and Slackware 3.0\n\n2.57a 10-Jul-1995\n- Fixed race condition init init.c wrt got_chld\n- Fixed one-off for malloc in killall5.c\n- Changed dowall.c\n- Console code: no relink to /dev/systty on CTRL-ALT-DEL)\n\n2.57 22-May-1995\n- Changed a few things here and there, didn't\n\t \t really document it :)\n\n2.55 17-Jan-1995\n- Added option to shutdown to run standalone.\n\n2.54 12-Jan-1995\n- Added GNU copyrigh to all *.[ch] files.\n- added /etc/initscript\n- reboot and halt now call shutdown in runlevels 1-5\n- Can run from read-only root (CDROM)\n\n2.53 10-Oct-1994\n- Renamed pidof to killall5, updated all scripts to\n use killall5 instead of kill -1 ....\n- Rewrote scripts to use this, and some general changes.\n- Added SysV command line compatibility to shutdown.\n\n2.52 30-Aug-1994\n- Added `powerfailnow' keyword, for when UPS battery is low.\n- Updated `last'.\n- Fixed utmp handling (wrt. CLEAN_UTMP)\nTODO:\n* Make last compatible with GNU/BSD (long options?)\n* update powerd\n* remote SIGPWR broadcast? in powerd? (with priv. port)\n* remote shutdown\n\n2.50 14-Feb-1994\n- Ignores unknown command line arguments.\n- Modelled more after the \"real\" sysVinit\n- Lots of changes all over the place.\n (like showing runlevel in \"ps\" listing, logging\n runlevel into utmp file etc)\n- now using \"reliable\" signals instead of V7 style.\n- Updated all scripts. Examples are in two directories:\n etc (normal) and etc-sysv (sysv style scripts).\n- runlevel 0 = halt, 1 = single user, 6 = reboot.\n- added support for serial console.\n- updated Propaganda, manpages.\n- added shutdown access control.\n\n2.4 24-May-93\n- Send out the official version into the world as\n SysVinit-2.4.tar.z.\n\n2.4g 15-May-93\n- Changed init to really catch SIGPWR 'cause we\n hooked up an UPS to the Linux machine. The\n keyword for catching the TreeFingerSalute is\n now \"ctrlaltdel\" instead of \"power{wait,fail}\".\n\n2.4a 22-Apr-93\n- Fixed last to reckognize BSD style wtmp logging.\n- Changed init to write wtmp records that are\n SysV compliant but are also reckognized by the\n BSD last. Added a '+' option to the 'process'\n field of inittab, for getties that want to do\n their own utmp/wtmp housekeeping (kludge!).\n- Now accepts a runlevel on the command line,\n and reckognizes the 'auto' argument. (Sets the\n environment variable AUTOBOOT to YES)\n\n2.2.3 24-Mar-93\n- Ripped out the 'leave' action. To difficult, and\n unneeded.\n- Going single user now kills _all_ processes.\n- Added '-t secs' option to all commands.\n- This version is stable enough to post.\n\n2.2 02-Mar-93\n- Made wait()'s asynchronous\n- Changed whole thing to one big state machine\n- Now using 'pseudo levels' # & * for SYSINIT & BOOT\n- Added a new type of 'action', called leave. This\n process will be executed when the system goes from a\n runlevel specified in it's runlevel field to a \n level that's not. Nice to bring down NFS and the like.\n\n2.1 28-Jan-93\n- Fixed a bug with 'boot' and 'once'.\n- Check 'initdefault' for validity.\n- Reckognizes \"single\" as command line argument.\n- Retries execvp with 'sh -c exec ..' if command\n is a shell script. (shouldn't execvp do this?)\n- Added patches to use syslog if defined.\n\n2.0 08-Dec-92\n- Rewrote the code totally, so started with a new\n version number.\n- Dropped Minix support, this code now is Linux - specific.\n- With TEST switch on, this init & telinit can\n run standalone for test purposes.\n\n1.3, 05-Jul-92\n- Got a 386, so installed Linux. Added 'soft' reboot\n to be default under linux. Fixed some typos.\n\n1.2, 16-Jun-92\n- Bugreport from Michael Haardt ; removed deadlock\n and added 'waitpid' instead of 'wait' for SYSV.\n\n1.1, 30-Apr-92\n- Read manual wrong: there is no 'action' field called\n process, but all entries are of type process. Every\n 'process' get exec'ed by /bin/sh -c 'exec command'.\n- Rapidly respawning processes are caught in the act.\n- _SYSV support is really Linux support,\n done by poe@daimi.aau.dk on 25-Mar-92.\n\n 1.0, 01-Feb-92\n- Initial version, very primitive for the Minix\n operating system. Required some mods. to the\n kernel.\n\n" }, { "path": "doc/Install", "content": "\nInstall instructions for the System V style init\n\ninit, shutdown, halt, reboot, wall, last, mesg, runlevel,\nkillall5, pidof, sulogin.\n\nAll programs, files and scripts in this package are covered by\nthe GNU General Public License version 2, and copyrighted by\nMiquel van Smoorenburg (1991-2004) and, Jesse Smith (2018). \n\nIf you are not using Debian and the debianized package,\nyou may have to install the new init by hand if Debian is\nusing an init system other than SysV (eg systemd). You should\nbe able to drop the binaries into a Slackware or Devuan system, I think.\n\nThe SysV init software, core programs and manual pages can be\ninstalled by running the following two commands from the top-level\nsource directory.\n\nmake\nsudo make install\n\nIf sudo is not installed, the \"make install\" command may be run as\nthe root user.\n\nOther than the GNU make utility, SysV init has few dependencies.\nSysV can be built on virtually any Linux system featuring\nthe GNU C library or musl libc. A C compiler, such as the GNU Compiler\nCollection (GCC) or Clang is also required.\n\nOn systems which want to provide translated versions of manual pages\nthe po4a package should be installed.\n\nHere is a list of preferred directories to install the progs & manpages,\nthis should be done for you automatically when you run \"make install\"\nas the root user, or via sudo, ie \"sudo make install\".\n\nwall.1, last.1, mesg.1\t /usr/man/man1\ninittab.5, initscript.5\t /usr/man/man5\ninit.8, halt.8, reboot.8,\nshutdown.8, powerd.8,\nkillall5.8, pidof.8,\nrunlevel.8, sulogin.8\t /usr/man/man8\n\ninit\t\t\t /sbin/init\ninittab\t\t \t /etc/inittab\ninitscript.sample /etc/initscript.sample\ntelinit\t\t \t a link (with ln(1) ) to init, either\n\t\t\t in /bin or in /sbin.\nhalt\t\t\t /sbin/halt\nreboot\t\t\t a link to /sbin/halt in the same directory\nkillall5\t\t /sbin/killall5\npidof\t\t\t a link to /sbin/killall5 in the same directory.\nrunlevel\t\t /sbin/runlevel\nshutdown\t\t /sbin/shutdown.\nwall\t\t\t /usr/bin/wall\nmesg\t\t\t /usr/bin/mesg\nlast\t\t\t /usr/bin/last\nsulogin\t\t\t /sbin/sulogin\nbootlogd\t\t /sbin/bootlogd\nutmpdump don't install, it's just a debug thingy.\n\nIf you already _have_ a \"wall\" in /bin (the SLS release had, for example)\ndo _not_ install this version of wall. Chances are that the wall you are already\nusing is linked to /bin/write. Either first _remove_ /bin/wall before\ninstalling the new one, or don't install the new one at all.\n\nYou might want to create a file called \"/etc/shutdown.allow\". Read the\nmanual page on shutdown to find out more about this.\n\nRunning from a read-only file system (CDROM?):\n* All communication to init goes through the FIFO /run/initctl.\n There should be no problem using a read-only root file system\n If you use a Linux kernel > 1.3.66. Older kernels don't allow\n writing to a FIFO on a read-only file system.\n \n" }, { "path": "doc/Propaganda", "content": "\n\n\tPropaganda for version 2.89 of sysvinit & utilities\n\t==================================================\n\nNOTE: If you use a standard distribution like Slackware, Devuan\nor Gentoo there probably is no need to upgrade. Installing sysvinit\nis only for those that upgrade their system by hand or for people\nthat create Linux distributions.\n\nSysV init was probably the most widely used init package for Linux.\nMost distributions once used it. sysvinit 2.4 was really a good package,\nand it was not the need for bug fixes but the need for more features\nthat made me work on sysvinit again.\n\nSysV init is now a Debian package. Debian source packages are not\nspecial in any way -- in fact you can just unpack and compile\nit on any other Linux distribution.\n\nThere was a 2.50 release of sysvinit but that was not very popular-\nsome of the included scripts broke with certain shells and other\nminor things like that. Unfortunately I was not able to fix this\nat the time because I was abroad for some time. Therefore the\ndescription below is a comparison of 2.4 and 2.58 (actually the\nsame blurb as from the 2.50 announce but updated).\n\nWrt 2.4, some of the code has been made simpler. Everything, from\nhalt to reboot to single user mode is now done by shell scripts\nthat are executed directly by init (from /etc/inittab), so shutdown\ndoes not kill processes anymore and then calls reboot - it merely\ndoes some wall's to the logged in users and then switches to\nrunlevel 0 (halt), 1 (single user) or 6 (reboot).\n\nI have removed support for the old style scripts; the included\nexample scripts are the Debian GNU/Linux distribution scripts.\nThis does not mean that eg the Slackware scripts stop to work;\nyou can probably drop this init into Slackware 3.0 without problems.\n\nMost people have an entry in inittab to run shutdown when CTRL-ALT-DEL\nis pressed; a feature has been added to shutdown to check if a\nauthorized user is logged in on one of the consoles to see if a\nshutdown is allowed. This can be configured with an access file.\n\nSome other general changes:\n- utility \"runlevel\" to read the current and previous runlevel from\n /var/run/utmp (it's also shown on the command line if you do a \"ps\").\n- unreckognized options are silently ignored (such as the infamous\n \"ro\" - mount root file system read only).\n- if the file /etc/initscript is present it will be used to launch\n all programs that init starts (so that you can set a generic\n umask, ulimit eg for ALL processes - see initscript.sample).\n- A \"sulogin\" program added that always asks for the root\n passsword before entering single user mode.\n- A \"-b\" flag to init that starts a shell at boot time before\n _any_ other processing.\n- I moved /etc/fastboot to /fastboot - wonder what that's gonna break :)\n- I even updated the manpages!\n\nRight, now some boring stuff you already know since it's the same\nas in the 2.4 release:\n\nThe sysvinit package includes\n\n* a SysV compatible /sbin/init program\n* a telinit program (er, just a link to /sbin/init) to change runlevels\n* a featureful shutdown\n* halt and reboot to assist shutdown\n* a very forgiving last utility\n* the wall & mesg programs (not installed by default)\n* manpages for everything\n\nThe new SysV init can be found on:\n\nhttps://github.com/slicer69/sysvinit\n" }, { "path": "doc/bootlogd.README", "content": "\nbootlogd: a way to capture all console output during bootup\n in a logfile.\n\n- bootlogd opens /dev/console and finds out what the real console is\n with an ioctl() if TIOCCONS is available\n- otherwise bootlogd tries to parse /proc/cmdline for console=\n kernel command line arguments\n- then opens the (most probable) real console\n- allocates a pty pair\n- redirects console I/O to the pty pair\n- then goes in a loop reading from the pty, writing to the real\n console and a logfile as soon as a r/w partition is available,\n buffering in memory until then.\n\nAs soon as bootlogd exits or gets killed, the pty is closed and the\nredirection will be automatically undone by the kernel. So that's\npretty safe.\n\n" }, { "path": "doc/initctl", "content": "This document describes the communiction pipe set up by SysV init\nat /run/initctl. This named pipe allows programs with the proper\npermissions (typically programs run by root have read+write access to\nthe pipe) to send signals to the init program (PID 1).\n\nThe init manual page has, up until recently, simply stated\nthat people wishing to understand how to send messages to init\nshould read the init program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\n\nMessages sent to the pipe to talk to init must have a special format.\nThis format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down\nis presented here:\n\n/*\n * Because of legacy interfaces, \"runlevel\" and \"sleeptime\"\n * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\n *\n * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\n * struct to be 384 bytes.\n */\nstruct init_request {\n int magic; /* Magic number */\n int cmd; /* What kind of request */\n int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\n int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\n union {\n struct init_request_bsd bsd;\n char data[368];\n } i;\n};\n\n\nLet's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The\nfirst variable, the \"magic\" number must be of the value 0x03091969.\nThe init program then knows that only programs with root access which send\nthis magic number are authorized to communicate with init.\n\nThe cmd variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This cmd\nvariable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\n\n1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\n2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\n3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\n4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\n6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \n the data variable of this structure.\n\nOther cmd options may be added to init later. For example, command values\n0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\n\nThe runlevel variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\n\nThe sleeptime variable is to be used when we want to tell init to change\nthe time spent waiting between sending SIGTERM and SIGKILL during the\nshutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet implemented.\n\nThe data variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init\nmight need to process our request. For example, when setting environment\nvariables.\n\nWhen setting an environment variable through init's /run/initctl pipe,\nthe data variable should have the format VARIABLE=VALUE. The string\nshould be terminated with a NULL '\\0' character.\n\n\nThe following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable\nrequest to the init process using the /run/initctl pipe. This example\nis simplified and skips the error checking. A more comlpete example can be\nfound in the shutdown.c program's init_setnv() function.\n\n\nstruct init_request request; /* this is the structure defined above */\nint fd; /* file descriptor for the pipe */\n\nmemset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\nrequest.magic = 0x03091969; /* this magic number must be included */\nrequest.cmd = 6; /* 6 is the command to set a variable */\nsprintf(request.data, \"VARIABLE=VALUE\"); /* set VARIABLE to VALUE in init */\nif ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) >= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\n{ \n size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of the structure to write */\n void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\n write(fd, ptr, s); /* send the structure to the pipe */\n close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\n}\n\n\n\nUsually the /run/initctl pipe would only be used by low-level programs to\nrequest a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like telinit\nwould do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to init directly, but\nthis gives us an extenable approach so init can be taught how to learn\nmore commands.\n\n" }, { "path": "doc/initscript.sample", "content": "#\n# initscript\tIf this script is intalled as /etc/initscript,\n#\t\tit is executed by init(8) for every program it\n#\t\twants to spawn like this:\n#\n#\t\t/bin/sh /etc/initscript \n#\n#\t\tIt can be used to set the default umask and ulimit\n#\t\tof all processes. By default this script is installed\n#\t\tas /etc/initscript.sample, so to enable it you must\n#\t\trename this script first to /etc/initscript.\n#\n# Version:\t@(#)initscript 1.10 10-Dec-1995 MvS.\n#\n# Author:\tMiquel van Smoorenburg, \n#\n\n # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\n umask 022\n ulimit -c 2097151\n PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\n export PATH\n\n # Execute the program.\n eval exec \"$4\"\n" }, { "path": "man/Makefile", "content": "MANPAGES=bootlogd.8 fstab-decode.8 halt.8 init.8 initctl.5 initscript.5 inittab.5 \\\nkillall5.8 last.1 lastb.1 logsave.8 mesg.1 mountpoint.1 pidof.8 poweroff.8 \\\nreadbootlog.1 reboot.8 runlevel.8 shutdown.8 sulogin.8 telinit.8 utmpdump.1 \\\nwall.1\n\nPO4A := $(shell command -v po4a 2> /dev/null)\n\nPO4A_OPTS = --previous --srcdir po/ --destdir ./ --no-backups --stamp \\\n --package-name sysvinit --package-version $(VERSION) \\\n --msgid-bugs-address \"Jesse \"\n\nall:\n\tsed --in-place=.orig --separate 's/\\@VERSION\\@/$(VERSION)/g' $(MANPAGES)\nifdef PO4A\n\tpo4a $(PO4A_OPTS) po/po4a.cfg\nelse\n\t@echo 'Install po4a to build translated manpages'\nendif\n\n# Installation recipes are in ../src/Makefile\ninstall: all\n\nclean distclean:\nifdef PO4A\n\tpo4a $(PO4A_OPTS) --rm-translations po/po4a.cfg\nendif\n\trm -f *.po sysvinit-man.pot\n" }, { "path": "man/bootlogd.8", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2003 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by \n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the \n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.TH BOOTLOGD 8 \"Jul 21, 2003\" \"sysvinit \" \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n.SH NAME\nbootlogd \\- record boot messages\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B /sbin/bootlogd\n.RB [ \\-c ]\n.RB [ \\-d ]\n.RB [ \\-e ]\n.RB [ \\-r ]\n.RB [ \\-s ]\n.RB [ \\-v ]\n.RI [ \" \\fB-l\\fP logfile \" ]\n.RI [ \" \\fB-p\\fP pidfile \" ]\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n\\fBbootlogd\\fP runs in the background and copies all strings sent to the\n\\fI/dev/console\\fP device to a logfile. If the \\fIlogfile\\fP is not accessible,\nthe messages will be kept in memory until it is.\n.SH OPTIONS\n.IP \\fB\\-d\\fP\nDo not fork and run in the background.\n.IP \\fB\\-e\\fP\nPrint escape characters to the boot log file. This turns off filtering of\nescape characters and allows tools like GNU \\fBless\\fP(1) to see and use\ncolour control characters (show the log in colour).\n.IP \\fB\\-c\\fP\nAttempt to write to the logfile even if it does not yet exist.\nWithout this option, \\fBbootlogd\\fP will wait for the logfile to appear before\nattempting to write to it. This behavior prevents \\fBbootlogd\\fP from creating\nlogfiles under mount points.\n.IP \\fB\\-r\\fP\nIf there is an existing logfile called \\fIlogfile\\fP rename it to\n\\fIlogfile~\\fP unless \\fIlogfile~\\fP already exists.\n.IP \\fB\\-s\\fP\nEnsure that the data is written to the file after each line by calling\n.BR fdatasync (3).\nThis will slow down a\n.BR fsck (8)\nprocess running in parallel.\n.IP \\fB\\-v\\fP\nShow version.\n.IP \"\\fB\\-l\\fP \\fIlogfile\\fP\"\nLog to this logfile. The default is \\fI/var/log/boot\\fP.\n.IP \"\\fB\\-p\\fP \\fIpidfile\\fP\"\nPut process-id in this file. The default is no pidfile.\n.SH NOTES\n\\fBbootlogd\\fP saves log data which includes control characters. The log is\ntechnically a text file, but not very easy for humans to read. To address\nthis the \\fBreadbootlog\\fP(1) command can be used to display the boot log\nwithout the control characters.\n.SH BUGS\n\\fBbootlogd\\fP works by redirecting the console output from the console device.\n(Consequently \\fBbootlogd\\fP requires PTY support in the kernel configuration.)\nIt copies that output to the real console device and to a log file.\nThere is no standard way of ascertaining the real console device\nif you have a new-style \\fI/dev/console\\fP device (major 5, minor 1)\nso \\fBbootlogd\\fP parses the kernel command line looking for\n\\fBconsole=...\\fP lines and deduces the real console device from that.\nIf that syntax is ever changed by the kernel, or a console type is used that\n\\fBbootlogd\\fP does not know about then \\fBbootlogd\\fP will not work.\n\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR dmesg (8),\n.BR fdatasync (3),\n.BR readbootlog (1)\n" }, { "path": "man/fstab-decode.8", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" A man page for fstab-decode(8).\n.\\\"\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 2006 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use,\n.\\\" modify, copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions of the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License v.2.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT\n.\\\" ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or\n.\\\" FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for\n.\\\" more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along\n.\\\" with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,\n.\\\" 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" Author: Miloslav Trmac \n.TH FSTAB-DECODE 8 \"May 2006\" \"sysvinit \" \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n\n.SH NAME\nfstab-decode \\- run a command with fstab-encoded arguments\n\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B fstab-decode\n.IR COMMAND \" [\" ARGUMENT \" \\&.\\|.\\|.\\&]\"\n\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n.B fstab-decode\ndecodes escapes (such as newline characters and other whitespace)\nin the specified\n.IR ARGUMENT s\nand uses them to run\n.IR COMMAND .\nThe argument escaping uses the same rules as path escaping in\n.IR /etc/fstab \", \" /etc/mtab \" and \" /proc/mtab .\n\nIn essence \\fBfstab-decode\\fR can be used anytime we want to pass multiple\nparameters to a command as a list of command line arguments.\nIt turns output like this:\n\n.nf\n/root\n/mnt/remote-disk\n/home\n.fi\n\nInto one long list of parameters, \"/root /mnt/remote-disk /home\".\nThis can be useful when trying to work with multiple filesystems at once.\nFor instance, we can use it to unmount multiple NFS shares.\nThis program also removes whitespace and\nother characters which might cause programs such as\n\\fBmount\\fR(8) or \\fBumount\\fR(8) to fail.\n\n.SH EXIT STATUS\n.B fstab-decode\nexits with status 127 if\n.I COMMAND\ncan't be run.\nOtherwise it exits with the status returned by\n.IR COMMAND .\n\n.SH EXAMPLES\nThe following example reads\n.IR fstab ,\nfinds all instances of VFAT filesystems\nand prints their mount points\n(argument 2 in the\n.I fstab\nfile).\n.B fstab-decode\nthen runs the specified program, \\fBumount\\fR(8), and passes\nit the list of VFAT mountpoints.\nThis unmounts all VFAT partitions.\n\n.nf\n.B fstab-decode umount $(awk \\[aq]$3 == \\[dq]vfat\\[dq] { print $2 }\\[aq] \\\n/etc/fstab)\n.fi\n\n.SH SEE ALSO\n.BR fstab (5)\n" }, { "path": "man/halt.8", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2001 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.\\\"{{{}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Title\n.TH HALT 8 \"Nov 6, 2001\" \"sysvinit \" \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Name\n.SH NAME\nhalt, reboot, poweroff \\- stop the system\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Synopsis\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B /sbin/halt\n.RB [ \\-d ]\n.RB [ \\-f ]\n.RB [ \\-h ]\n.RB [ \\-i ]\n.RB [ \\-n ]\n.RB [ \\-p ]\n.RB [ \\-w ]\n.br\n.B /sbin/reboot\n.RB [ \\-d ]\n.RB [ \\-f ]\n.RB [ \\-i ]\n.RB [ \\-k ]\n.RB [ \\-m\\ ]\n.RB [ \\-n ]\n.RB [ \\-w ]\n.br\n.B /sbin/poweroff\n.RB [ \\-d ]\n.RB [ \\-f ]\n.RB [ \\-h ]\n.RB [ \\-i ]\n.RB [ \\-n ]\n.RB [ \\-w ]\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Description\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n\\fBhalt\\fP notes that the system is being brought down in the file\n\\fI/var/log/wtmp\\fP, and then either tells the kernel to halt, reboot or\npower-off the system.\n.PP\nIf \\fBhalt\\fP or \\fBreboot\\fP is called when the system is\n\\fInot\\fP in runlevel \\fB0\\fP or \\fB6\\fP, in other words when it's running\nnormally, \\fBshutdown\\fP will be invoked instead (with the \\fB\\-h\\fP\nor \\fB\\-r\\fP flag).\nFor more info see the \\fBshutdown\\fP(8) manpage.\n.PP\nThe rest of this manpage describes the behavior in runlevels 0\nand 6, that is when the systems shutdown scripts are being run.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Options\n.SH OPTIONS\n.IP \\fB\\-d\\fP\nDon't write the wtmp record.\n.IP \\fB\\-f\\fP\nForce halt or reboot, don't call \\fBshutdown\\fP(8).\n.IP \\fB\\-h\\fP\nPut all hard drives on the system in stand-by mode\njust before halt or power-off.\n.IP \\fB\\-i\\fP\nShut down all network interfaces just before \\fBhalt\\fR or \\fBreboot\\fR.\nWarning: This may not work on interfaces which do not have an IP address\nand should ideally be handled by a network manager service.\n.IP \\fB\\-k\\fP\nTry to reboot using \\fBkexec\\fP, if kernel supports it.\n.IP \\fB\\-m\\fP\nWhen running on a Linux system, any quoted parameter after the\n\\-m flag will be passed to the firmware to be interpreted at boot time.\nSome systems, like the Raspberry Pi,\ncan use this to switch target partitions.\nPlease note, this parameter enables \\-f,\nforcing the reboot command to handle shutting down itself.\n.IP \\fB\\-n\\fP\nDon't sync before reboot or halt.\nNote that the kernel and storage drivers may still sync.\nThis implies \\fB\\-d\\fP.\n.IP \\fB\\-p\\fP\nWhen halting the system, switch off the power.\nThis is the default when \\fBhalt\\fR is called as \\fBpoweroff\\fP.\n.IP \\fB\\-w\\fP\nDon't actually reboot or halt but only write the wtmp record\n(in the \\fI/var/log/wtmp\\fP file).\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Diagnostics\n.SH DIAGNOSTICS\nIf you're not the superuser, you will get the message `must be superuser'.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Notes\n.SH NOTES\nUnder older \\fBsysvinit\\fP releases, \\fBreboot\\fP and \\fBhalt\\fP should\nnever be called directly.\nFrom release 2.74 on,\n\\fBhalt\\fP and \\fBreboot\\fP invoke \\fBshutdown\\fP(8)\nif the system is not in runlevel 0 or 6.\nThis means that if \\fBhalt\\fP or \\fBreboot\\fP cannot find out the current\nrunlevel\n(for example, when \\fI/var/run/utmp\\fP hasn't been initialized correctly and\n\\fI/var/run/runlevel\\fR does not exist)\n\\fBshutdown\\fP will be called,\nwhich might not be what you want.\nUse the \\fB\\-f\\fP flag if you want to do a hard \\fBhalt\\fP or \\fBreboot\\fP.\n.PP\nThe \\fB\\-h\\fP flag puts all hard disks in standby mode just before halt\nor power-off.\nRight now this is only implemented for IDE drives.\nA side effect of putting the drive in stand-by mode is\nthat the write cache on the disk is flushed.\nThis is important for IDE drives,\nsince the kernel doesn't flush the write cache itself before power-off.\n.PP\nThe \\fBhalt\\fP program uses \\fI/proc/ide/hd*\\fR to find all IDE disk devices,\nwhich means that \\fI/proc\\fP needs to be mounted when \\fBhalt\\fP or\n\\fBpoweroff\\fP is called or the \\fB\\-h\\fP switch will do nothing.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Author\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ See also\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR shutdown (8),\n.BR init (8)\n.\\\"}}}\n" }, { "path": "man/init.8", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2004 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.\\\"{{{}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Title\n.TH INIT 8 \"29 Jul 2004\" \"sysvinit \" \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Name\n.SH NAME\ninit, telinit \\- process control initialization\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Synopsis\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B /sbin/init\n.RB [ \" \\-a \" ]\n.RB [ \" \\-s \" ]\n.RB [ \" \\-b \" ]\n[ \\fB\\-z\\fP \\fIxxx\\fP ]\n.RB [ \" 0123456Ss \" ]\n.br\n.B /sbin/init\n.RB [ \" \\-\\-version \" ]\n.br\n.B /sbin/telinit\n[ \\fB\\-t\\fP \\fISECONDS\\fP ]\n.RB \n.IR 0123456sSQqabcUu \n.br\n.B /sbin/telinit\n[ \\fB\\-e\\fP \\fIVAR\\fP[\\fB=\\fP\\fIVAL\\fP] ]\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Description\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n.\\\"{{{ init\n.SS Init\n.B init\nis the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create processes\nfrom a script stored in the file \\fI/etc/inittab\\fR (see\n\\fBinittab\\fR(5)). This file usually has entries which cause \\fBinit\\fR\nto spawn \\fBgetty\\fRs on each line that users can log in. It also\ncontrols autonomous processes required by any particular system.\n.\n.\\\"{{{ Runlevels\n.SH RUNLEVELS\nA \\fIrunlevel\\fR is a software configuration of the system which allows\nonly a selected group of processes to exist. The processes spawned by\n\\fBinit\\fR for each of these runlevels are defined in the\n\\fI/etc/inittab\\fR file. \\fBinit\\fR can be in one of eight runlevels:\n\\fB0\\(en6\\fP and \\fBS\\fP (a.k.a., \\fBs\\fP). The runlevel is\nchanged by having a privileged user run \\fBtelinit\\fP, which sends\nappropriate signals to \\fBinit\\fP, telling it which runlevel to change\nto.\n.PP\nRunlevels \\fBS\\fP, \\fB0\\fP, \\fB1\\fP, and \\fB6\\fP are reserved.\nRunlevel S is used to initialize the system on boot.\nWhen starting runlevel S (on boot)\nor runlevel 1 (switching from a multi-user runlevel)\nthe system is entering ``single-user mode'', after which the\ncurrent runlevel is S.\nRunlevel 0 is used to halt the system;\nrunlevel 6 is used to reboot the system.\n.PP\nAfter booting through S the system automatically enters one of\nthe multi-user runlevels 2 through 5, unless there was some\nproblem that needs to be fixed by the administrator in\nsingle-user mode.\nNormally after entering single-user mode\nthe administrator performs maintenance and then reboots the system.\n.PP\nFor more information,\nsee the manpages for \\fBshutdown\\fP(8) and \\fBinittab\\fP(5).\n.PP\nRunlevels 7\\(en9 are also valid, though not really documented.\nThis is because \"traditional\" Unix variants don't use them.\n.PP\nRunlevels \\fIS\\fP and \\fIs\\fP are the same.\nInternally they are aliases for the same runlevel.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\n.SH BOOTING\nAfter \\fBinit\\fP is invoked as the last step of the kernel boot sequence,\nit looks for the file \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP to see if there is an entry of the\ntype \\fBinitdefault\\fP (see \\fBinittab\\fR(5)).\nThe \\fBinitdefault\\fP entry determines the initial runlevel of the system.\nIf there is no such entry\n(or no \\fI/etc/inittab\\fR at all),\na runlevel must be entered at the system console.\n.PP\nRunlevel \\fBS\\fP or \\fBs\\fP initialize the system\nand do not require an \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP file.\n.PP\nIn single user mode, \\fB/sbin/sulogin\\fP is invoked on \\fI/dev/console\\fP.\n.PP\nWhen entering single user mode,\n\\fBinit\\fP initializes the consoles \\fBstty\\fP settings to sane values.\nClocal mode is set.\nHardware speed and handshaking are not changed.\n.PP\nWhen entering a multi-user mode for the first time, \\fBinit\\fP performs the\n\\fBboot\\fP and \\fBbootwait\\fP entries to allow file systems to be\nmounted before users can log in. Then all entries matching the runlevel\nare processed.\n.PP\nWhen starting a new process,\n\\fBinit\\fP first checks whether the file \\fI/etc/initscript\\fP exists.\nIf it does, it uses this script to start the process.\n.PP\nEach time a child terminates, \\fBinit\\fP records the fact and the reason\nit died in \\fI/var/run/utmp\\fP and \\fI/var/log/wtmp\\fP,\nprovided that these files exist.\n.SH CHANGING RUNLEVELS\nAfter it has spawned all of the processes specified, \\fBinit\\fP waits\nfor one of its descendant processes to die, a powerfail signal, or until\nit is signaled by \\fBtelinit\\fP to change the system's runlevel.\nWhen one of the above three conditions occurs, it re-examines\nthe \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP file. New entries can be added to this file at\nany time. However, \\fBinit\\fP still waits for one of the above three\nconditions to occur.\nTo provide for an instantaneous response,\nthe \\fBtelinit Q\\fP or \\fBq\\fP command can wake up \\fBinit\\fP to re-examine\n(reload) the \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP file.\n.PP\nIf \\fBinit\\fP is not in single user mode and receives a powerfail\nsignal (SIGPWR),\nit reads the file \\fI/etc/powerstatus\\fP.\nIt then starts a command based on the contents of this file:\n.IP F(AIL)\nPower is failing,\nUPS is providing the power.\nExecute the \\fBpowerwait\\fP and \\fBpowerfail\\fP entries.\n.IP O(K)\nThe power has been restored, execute the \\fBpowerokwait\\fP entries.\n.IP L(OW)\nThe power is failing and the UPS has a low battery.\nExecute the \\fBpowerfailnow\\fP entries.\n.PP\nIf \\fI/etc/powerstatus\\fR doesn't exist or contains anything else then the\nletters \\fBF\\fP, \\fBO\\fP or \\fBL\\fP, \\fBinit\\fR will behave as if it has read\nthe letter \\fBF\\fP.\n.PP\nUsage of \\fBSIGPWR\\fP and \\fI/etc/powerstatus\\fP is discouraged.\nSomeone wanting to interact with \\fBinit\\fP should use the \\fI/run/initctl\\fP\ncontrol channel \\(en\nsee the \\fBinitctl\\fR(5) manual page for more documentation about this.\n.PP\nWhen \\fBinit\\fP is requested to change the runlevel, it sends the\nwarning signal \\fBSIGTERM\\fP to all processes that are undefined\nin the new runlevel. It then waits 3 seconds before forcibly\nterminating these processes via the \\fBSIGKILL\\fP signal.\nNote that \\fBinit\\fP assumes that all these processes (and their\ndescendants) remain in the same process group which \\fBinit\\fP\noriginally created for them. If any process changes its process group\naffiliation it will not receive these signals. Such processes need to\nbe terminated separately.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ telinit\n.SH TELINIT\n\\fB/sbin/telinit\\fP is linked to \\fB/sbin/init\\fP. It takes a\none-character argument and signals \\fBinit\\fP to perform the appropriate\naction. The following arguments serve as directives to\n\\fBtelinit\\fP:\n.IP \"\\fB0\\fP, \\fB1\\fP, \\fB2\\fP, \\fB3\\fP, \\fB4\\fP, \\fB5\\fP or \\fB6\\fP\"\ntell \\fBinit\\fP to switch to the specified run level.\n.IP \"\\fBa\\fP, \\fBb\\fP, \\fBc\\fP\"\ntell \\fBinit\\fP to process only those \\fB/etc/inittab\\fP file\nentries having runlevel \\fBa\\fP, \\fBb\\fP or \\fBc\\fP.\n.IP \"\\fBQ\\fP or \\fBq\\fP\"\ntell \\fBinit\\fP to re-examine the \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP file.\n.IP \"\\fBS\\fP or \\fBs\\fP\"\ntell \\fBinit\\fP to switch to single user mode.\n.IP \"\\fBU\\fP or \\fBu\\fP\"\ntell \\fBinit\\fP to re-execute itself (preserving the state).\nNo re-examining of \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP file happens.\nRunlevel should be one of \\fBSs0123456\\fP\notherwise request would be silently ignored.\n.PP\n\\fBtelinit\\fP can tell \\fBinit\\fP how long it should wait\nbetween sending processes the \\fBSIGTERM\\fR and \\fBSIGKILL\\fR signals.\nThe default is 3 seconds,\nbut this can be changed with the \\fB\\-t\\fP option.\n.PP\n\\fBtelinit \\-e\\fP tells \\fBinit\\fP to change the environment\nfor processes it spawns.\nThe argument of \\fB\\-e\\fP is either of the form \\fIVAR\\fP=\\fIVAL\\fP\nwhich sets variable \\fIVAR\\fP to value \\fIVAL\\fP,\nor of the form \\fIVAR\\fP\n(without an equality sign)\nwhich unsets variable \\fIVAR\\fP.\n.PP\n\\fBtelinit\\fP can be invoked only by users with appropriate\nprivileges.\n.PP\nThe \\fBinit\\fP binary checks if it is \\fBinit\\fP or \\fBtelinit\\fP by looking\nat its \\fIprocess id\\fP; the real \\fBinit\\fP's process id is always \\fB1\\fP.\n\\&From this it follows that instead of calling \\fBtelinit\\fP one can also\njust use \\fBinit\\fP instead as a shortcut.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"}}}\n.SH ENVIRONMENT\n\\fBInit\\fP sets the following environment variables for all its children:\n.IP \\fBPATH\\fP\n\\fI/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin\\fP\n.IP \\fBINIT_VERSION\\fP\nAs the name says.\nUseful to determine if a script runs directly from \\fBinit\\fP.\n.IP \\fBRUNLEVEL\\fP\nThe current system runlevel.\n.IP \\fBPREVLEVEL\\fP\nThe previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\n.IP \\fBCONSOLE\\fP\nThe system console.\nThis is really inherited from the kernel; however\nif it is not set \\fBinit\\fP will set it to \\fI/dev/console\\fP by default.\n.SH BOOTFLAGS\nIt is possible to pass a number of flags to \\fBinit\\fP from the\nboot monitor (e.g., LILO or GRUB).\n\\fBinit\\fP accepts the following flags:\n.TP 0.5i\n.B \\-s, S, single\nSingle user mode boot.\nIn this mode \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP is examined and\nthe bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is\nstarted.\n.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B 1\\(en5\nRunlevel to boot into.\n.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B \\-b, emergency\nBoot directly into a single user shell without running any\nother startup scripts.\n.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B \\-a, auto\nThe LILO boot loader adds the word \"auto\" to the command line if it\nbooted the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention).\nIf this is found \\fBinit\\fP sets the \"AUTOBOOT\" environment\nvariable to \"yes\".\nNote that you cannot use this for any security measures \\(en\nof course the user could specify \"auto\" or \\fB\\-a\\fR on the\ncommand line manually.\n.\n.TP 0.5i\n.BI \"\\-z \" xxx\nThe argument to \\fB\\-z\\fP is ignored.\nYou can use this to expand the command line a bit,\nso that it takes some more space on the stack.\n\\fBinit\\fP can then manipulate the command line\nso that \\fBps\\fP(1) shows the current runlevel.\n.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B \\-\\-version\nThis argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of \\fBinit\\fP\nto the console/stdout.\nIt is a quick way to determine which \\fBinit\\fP software and\nversion is being used.\nAfter the version information is displayed,\n\\fBinit\\fP immediately exits with a return code of zero.\n.\n.SH INTERFACE\n\\fBinit\\fP listens on a \\fIfifo\\fP as, \\fI/run/initctl\\fP, for messages.\n\\fBTelinit\\fP uses this to communicate with \\fBinit\\fP.\nThe interface is not very well documented or finished.\nThose interested should study the \\fIinitreq.h\\fP file in the \\fIsrc/\\fP\nsubdirectory of the \\fBinit\\fP source code tar archive.\n.SH SIGNALS\nInit reacts to several signals:\n.TP 0.5i\n.B SIGHUP\nHas the same effect as \\fBtelinit q\\fP.\n.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B SIGUSR1\nOn receipt of this signals,\n\\fBinit\\fP closes and re-opens its control fifo,\n\\fB/run/initctl\\fP.\nUseful for bootscripts when \\fI/dev\\fP is remounted.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B SIGUSR2\nWhen \\fBinit\\fP receives \\fBSIGUSR2\\fR,\n\\fBinit\\fP closes and leaves the control fifo,\n\\fB/run/initctl\\fP, closed.\nThis may be used to make sure \\fBinit\\fP is not holding open any files.\nHowever, it also prevents \\fBinit\\fP from switching runlevels.\nWhich means commands like shutdown no longer work.\nThe fifo can be re-opened by sending \\fBinit\\fP the \\fBSIGUSR1\\fR signal.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B SIGINT\nNormally the kernel sends this signal to \\fBinit\\fP when CTRL-ALT-DEL is\npressed.\nIt activates the \\fIctrlaltdel\\fP action.\n.TP 0.5i\n.B SIGWINCH\nThe kernel sends this signal when the \\fIKeyboardSignal\\fP key is hit.\nIt activates the \\fIkbrequest\\fP action.\n\\\"{{{ Conforming to\n.SH CONFORMING TO\n\\fBinit\\fP is compatible with the System V init.\nIt works closely together with the scripts in the directories\n\\fI/etc/init.d\\fP and \\fI/etc/rc{runlevel}.d\\fP.\nIf your system uses this convention,\nthere should be a \\fIREADME\\fP file in the directory \\fI/etc/init.d\\fP\nexplaining how these scripts work.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Files\n.SH FILES\n.nf\n/etc/inittab\n/etc/initscript\n/dev/console\n/var/run/utmp\n/var/log/wtmp\n/run/initctl\n.fi\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Warnings\n.SH WARNINGS\n\\fBinit\\fP assumes that processes and descendants of processes\nremain in the same process group which was originally created\nfor them. If the processes change their group, \\fBinit\\fP can't\nkill them and you may end up with two processes reading from one\nterminal line.\n.PP\nOn a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes\nto be killed except for kernel threads and the script that does\nthe killing and other processes in its session.\nAs a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return from runlevel 1\nto a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in runlevel S\nand are needed for normal operation are no longer running.\nThe system should be rebooted.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Diagnostics\n.SH DIAGNOSTICS\nIf \\fBinit\\fP finds that it is continuously respawning an entry\nmore than 10 times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error\nin the command string, generate an error message on the system console,\nand refuse to respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or\nit receives a signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources\nwhen someone makes a typographical error in the \\fI/etc/inittab\\fP file\nor the program for the entry is removed.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Author\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME , initial manual page by\n.MT u31b3hs@\\:pool\\:.informatik\\:.rwth-aachen\\:.de\nMichael Haardt\n.ME .\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ See also\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR getty (1),\n.BR login (1),\n.BR sh (1),\n.BR runlevel (8),\n.BR shutdown (8),\n.BR kill (1),\n.BR initctl (5),\n.BR inittab (5),\n.BR initscript (5),\n.BR utmp (5)\n.\\\"}}}\n" }, { "path": "man/initctl.5", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 2018 Jesse Smith\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.TH INITCTL 5 \"April 13, 2018\" \"sysvinit \" \"File Formats\"\n.SH NAME\ninitctl \\- /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n/run/initctl\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n\nThis document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV \\fBinit\\fR\nat \\fI/run/initctl\\fR. This named pipe allows programs with the proper\npermissions (typically programs run by root have read+write access to\nthe pipe) to send signals to the \\fBinit\\fR program (PID 1).\n\nThe \\fBinit\\fR manual page has, up until recently, simply stated\nthat people wishing to understand how to send messages to \\fBinit\\fR\nshould read the init program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\n\nMessages sent to the pipe to talk to \\fBinit\\fR must have a special format.\nThis format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down\nis presented here:\n\n/*\n * Because of legacy interfaces, \"runlevel\" and \"sleeptime\"\n * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\n *\n * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\n * struct to be 384 bytes.\n */\n\nstruct init_request {\n int magic; /* Magic number */\n int cmd; /* What kind of request */\n int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\n int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\n union {\n struct init_request_bsd bsd;\n char data[368];\n } i;\n};\n\n\nLet's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The\nfirst variable, the \"magic\" number must be of the value 0x03091969.\nThe \\fBinit\\fR program then knows that only programs with root access which send\nthis magic number are authorized to communicate with init.\n\nThe \\fIcmd\\fR variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This \\fIcmd\\fR\nvariable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\n\n1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\n\n2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\n\n3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\n\n4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\n\n6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \n the \\fIdata\\fR variable of this structure.\n\nOther \\fIcmd\\fR options may be added to \\fBinit\\fR later. For example, command values\n0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\n\nThe \\fIrunlevel\\fR variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\n\nThe \\fIsleeptime\\fR variable is to be used when we want to tell \\fBinit\\fR to change\nthe time spent waiting between sending \\fBSIGTERM\\fR and \\fBSIGKILL\\fR during the\nshutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet implemented.\n\nThe \\fIdata\\fR variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init\nmight need to process our request. For example, when setting environment\nvariables.\n\nWhen setting an environment variable through \\fBinit\\fR's \\fI/run/initctl\\fR pipe,\nthe data variable should have the format \\fIVARIABLE\\fR=\\fIVALUE\\fR. The string\nshould be terminated with a NULL character.\n\n.SH EXAMPLES\n\nThe following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable\nrequest to the \\fBinit\\fR process using the \\fI/run/initctl\\fR pipe. This example\nis simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be\nfound in the shutdown.c program's \\fBinit_setnv\\fR() function.\n\n.nf\nstruct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\nint fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\n\nmemset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\nrequest.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\nrequest.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\nsprintf(request.data, \"VARIABLE=VALUE\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\n\nif ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) >= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\n{ \n size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\n void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\n write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\n close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\n}\n.fi\n\n.sp\n.SH NOTES\nUsually the \\fI/run/initctl\\fR pipe would only be used by low-level programs to\nrequest a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like \\fBtelinit\\fR\nwould do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to \\fBinit\\fR directly, but\nthis gives us an extendable approach so \\fBinit\\fR can be taught how to learn\nmore commands.\n.PP\nThe commands passed through the \\fI/run/initctl\\fR pipe must be sent in a specific\nbinary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures or ones\nnot using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root has the\nability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\n.PP\nThe \\fI/run/initctl\\fR pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \\fBSIGUSR2\\fR\nsignal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be useful\nfor making sure \\fBinit\\fR is not keeping any files open. However, when the\npipe is closed, \\fBinit\\fR no longer receives signals, such as those sent by\n\\fBshutdown\\fR(8) or \\fBtelinit\\fR(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \\fBinit\\fR cannot\nchange its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by sending \\fBinit\\fR (PID 1)\nthe \\fBSIGUSR1\\fR signal.\n.PP\nIf the \\fI/run/initctl\\fR pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring\ndown the system using the \\fBshutdown\\fR(8) command's \\fB-n\\fR flag, but this is not\nalways clean and not recommended.\n\n.SH FILES\n/run/initctl\n/sbin/init\n\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT jsmith@\\:resonatingmedia\\:.com \nJesse Smith\n.ME\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR init (8)\n" }, { "path": "man/initscript.5", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2003 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.TH INITSCRIPT 5 \"July 10, 2003\" \"sysvinit \" \"File Formats\"\n.SH NAME\ninitscript \\- script that executes inittab commands\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\n.SH DESCRIPTION\nWhen the shell script \\fI/etc/initscript\\fP is present, \\fBinit\\fP\nwill use it to execute the commands from \\fIinittab\\fP.\nThis script can be used to set things like \\fIulimit\\fP and\n\\fIumask\\fP default values for every process.\n.SH EXAMPLES\nThis is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your\nsystem as \\fI/etc/initscript.sample\\fP.\n.RS\n.sp\n.nf\n.ne 7\n\n#\n# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\n# wants to spawn like this:\n#\n# /bin/sh /etc/initscript \n#\n\n # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\n umask 022\n ulimit -c 2097151\n PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\n export PATH\n\n # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\n # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\n # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\n # with \"ulimit -Sn xxx\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\n ulimit -Hn 8192\n\n # Execute the program.\n eval exec \"$4\"\n\n.sp\n.RE\n.SH NOTES\nThis script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services.\nIt has nothing to do with a \\fIrc.local\\fP style script. It's just\na handler for things executed from \\fB/etc/inittab\\fP. Experimenting\nwith this can make your system un(re)bootable.\n.SH FILES\n/etc/inittab,\n/etc/initscript.\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR inittab (5),\n.BR init (8)\n" }, { "path": "man/inittab.5", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2001 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.\\\"{{{}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Title\n.TH INITTAB 5 \"Dec 4, 2001\" \"sysvinit \" \"File Formats\"\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Name\n.SH NAME\ninittab \\- format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init\nprocess\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Description\n.SH DESCRIPTION\nThe \\fBinittab\\fP file describes which processes are started at bootup and\nduring normal operation (e.g.\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, gettys...).\n.BR init (8)\ndistinguishes multiple \\fIrunlevels\\fP, each of which can have its own set of\nprocesses that are started. Valid runlevels are \\fB0\\fP\\-\\fB6\\fP plus\n\\fBA\\fP, \\fBB\\fP, and \\fBC\\fP for \\fBondemand\\fP entries. An entry in the\n\\fBinittab\\fP file has the following format:\n.RS\n.sp\n\\fIid\\fP:\\fIrunlevels\\fP:\\fIaction\\fP:\\fIprocess\\fP\n.sp\n.RE\nLines beginning with `#' are ignored.\n.\\\"{{{ id\n.IP \\fIid\\fP\nis a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in\n.B inittab \n(for versions of sysvinit compiled with the \\fIold\\fP libc5 (< 5.2.18) or\na.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\n.sp\nNote: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the\n\\fIid\\fP field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\&\n\\fB1\\fP for \\fBtty1\\fP. Some ancient login accounting programs might\nexpect this, though I can't think of any.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ runlevels\n.IP \\fIrunlevels\\fP\nlists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ action\n.IP \\fIaction\\fP\ndescribes which action should be taken.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ process\n.IP \\fIprocess\\fP\nspecifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with\na `+' character, \n.B init \nwill not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that process. This is needed for \ngettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp housekeeping. This is also \na historic bug. The length of this field is limited to 253 characters. Anything\nbeyond 253 will result in a log warning and the process command line being\nskipped/ignored.\n\nPlease note that including certain characters in the process field will result\nin\n.B init\nattempting to launch a shell to interpret the command contained in the process field. \nThe characters which will trigger a shell are: \n.B ~`!$^&*()=|\\{}[];\\\n\"'<>?\n\nOn systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to\nuse a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be prefixed\nwith the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed will be treated\nas a command to be launched, literally, by the\n.B init\nservice.\n\nIn cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and shell\ninterpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will be handled\nand then everything following the @ will be handled by\n.B init\n\n.\\\"}}}\n.PP\nThe \\fIrunlevels\\fP field may contain multiple characters for different\nrunlevels. For example, \\fB123\\fP specifies that the process should be \nstarted in runlevels 1, 2, and 3.\nThe \\fIrunlevels\\fP for \\fBondemand\\fP entries may contain an \\fBA\\fP,\n\\fBB\\fP, or \\fBC\\fP. The \\fIrunlevels\\fP field of \\fBsysinit\\fP,\n\\fBboot\\fP, and \\fBbootwait\\fP entries are ignored.\n.PP\nWhen the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not\nspecified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\s-2SIGTERM\\s0,\nthen with \\s-2SIGKILL\\s0.\n.PP\nValid actions for the \\fIaction\\fP field are:\n.\\\"{{{ respawn\n.IP \\fBrespawn\\fP\nThe process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\& getty).\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ wait\n.IP \\fBwait\\fP\nThe process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \n.B init \nwill wait for its termination.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ once\n.IP \\fBonce\\fP\nThe process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is\nentered.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ boot\n.IP \\fBboot\\fP\nThe process will be executed during system boot. The \\fIrunlevels\\fP\nfield is ignored.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ bootwait\n.IP \\fBbootwait\\fP\nThe process will be executed during system boot, while \n.B init \nwaits for its termination (e.g.\\& /etc/rc). \nThe \\fIrunlevels\\fP field is ignored.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ off\n.IP \\fBoff\\fP\nThis does nothing.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ ondemand\n.IP \\fBondemand\\fP\nA process marked with an \\fBondemand\\fP runlevel will be executed\nwhenever the specified \\fBondemand\\fP runlevel is called. However, no\nrunlevel change will occur (\\fBondemand\\fP runlevels are `a', `b',\nand `c').\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ initdefault\n.IP \\fBinitdefault\\fP\nAn \\fBinitdefault\\fP entry specifies the runlevel which should be\nentered after system boot. If none exists, \n.B init\nwill ask for a runlevel on the console. The \\fIprocess\\fP field is ignored.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ sysinit\n.IP \\fBsysinit\\fP\nThe process will be executed during system boot. It will be\nexecuted before any \\fBboot\\fP or \\fB bootwait\\fP entries.\nThe \\fIrunlevels\\fP field is ignored.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ powerwait\n.IP \\fBpowerwait\\fP\nThe process will be executed when the power goes down. \\fBinit\\fR is usually\ninformed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the computer.\n\\fBinit\\fP will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ powerfail\n.IP \\fBpowerfail\\fP\nAs for \\fBpowerwait\\fP, except that \\fBinit\\fP does not wait for the process's\ncompletion.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ powerokwait\n.IP \\fBpowerokwait\\fP\nThis process will be executed as soon as \\fBinit\\fP is informed that the\npower has been restored.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ powerfailnow\n.IP \\fBpowerfailnow\\fP\nThis process will be executed when \\fBinit\\fP is told that the battery of\nthe external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the\nexternal UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ ctrlaltdel\n.IP \\fBctrlaltdel\\fP\nThe process will be executed when \\fBinit\\fP receives the \\fBSIGINT\\fP signal.\nThis means that someone on the system console has pressed the\n\\fBCTRL\\-ALT\\-DEL\\fP key combination. Typically one wants to execute some\nsort of \\fBshutdown\\fP either to get into single\\-user level or to\nreboot the machine.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ kbrequest\n.IP \\fBkbrequest\\fP\nThe process will be executed when \\fBinit\\fP receives a signal from the\nkeyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the\nconsole keyboard.\n.sp\nThe documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation\ncan be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at\nthe time of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard\ncombination to the \"KeyboardSignal\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow\nfor this purpose use the following in your keymaps file:\n.RS\n.sp\nalt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\n.sp\n.RE\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Examples\n.SH EXAMPLES\nThis is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\n.RS\n.sp\n.nf\n.ne 7\n# inittab for linux\nid:1:initdefault:\nrc::bootwait:/etc/rc\n1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\n2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\n3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\n4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\n.fi\n.sp\n.RE\nThis inittab file executes \\fI/etc/rc\\fP during boot and starts gettys\non tty1\\-tty4.\n.PP\nA more elaborate \\fBinittab\\fP with different runlevels (see the comments\ninside):\n.RS\n.sp\n.nf\n.ne 19\n# Level to run in\nid:2:initdefault:\n\n# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\nsi::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\n\n# What to do in single-user mode.\n~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\n\n# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\n# of runlevel.\n#\n# Runlevel 0 is halt.\n# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\n# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\n# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\n\nl0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\nl1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\nl2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\nl3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\nl4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\nl5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\nl6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\n\n# What to do at the \"3 finger salute\".\nca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\n\n# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\n# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\n1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\n2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\n3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\n4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\nS0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\nS1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\n\n.fi\n.sp\n.RE\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Files\n.SH FILES\n/etc/inittab\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Author\n.SH AUTHOR\n\\fBinit\\fP was written by\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME .\nThis manual page was written by\n.MT lederer@\\:francium\\:.informatik\\:.uni-bonn\\:.de\nSebastian Lederer\n.ME\nand modified by \n.MT u31b3hs@\\:pool\\:.informatik\\:.rwth-aachen\\:.de\nMichael Haardt\n.ME .\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ See also\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR init (8),\n.BR telinit (8)\n.\\\"}}}\n" }, { "path": "man/killall5.8", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2003 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.TH KILLALL5 8 \"04 Nov 2003\" \"sysvinit \" \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n.SH NAME\nkillall5 - send a signal to all processes\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B killall5\n.B \\-signalnumber\n.RB [ \\-o\n.IR omitpid [, omitpid ...]]\n.RB [ \\-o\n.IR omitpid [, omitpid ...]...]\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n.B killall5\nis the SystemV \\fBkillall\\fR command. It sends a signal to all processes except\nkernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it won't kill\nthe shell that is running the script it was called from. Its primary\n(only) use is in the \\fBrc\\fP scripts found in the \\fI/etc/init.d\\fP directory.\n.SH OPTIONS\n.IP \"\\fB-o\\fP \\fIomitpid\\fP\"\nTells \\fBkillall5\\fP to omit processes with that process id.\n.SH NOTES\n\\fBkillall5\\fP can also be invoked as \\fBpidof\\fP(8), which is simply a\n(symbolic) link to the \\fBkillall5\\fP program.\n.SH EXIT STATUS\nThe program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no\nprocess were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes\n(\\fI/proc/\\fP is missing).\n.SH SEE ALSO\n.BR halt (8),\n.BR reboot (8),\n.BR pidof (8)\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n" }, { "path": "man/last.1", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2004 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.\\\"{{{}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Title\n.TH LAST, LASTB 1 \"Jul 31, 2004\" \"sysvinit \" \"User Commands\"\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Name\n.SH NAME\nlast, lastb \\- show listing of last logged in users\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Synopsis\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B last\n.RB [ \\-R ]\n.RB [ \\-\\fInum\\fP ]\n[\\-\\fBn\\fP \\fInum\\/\\fP]\n.RB [ \\-adFiowx ]\n[\\-\\fBf\\fP \\fIfile\\/\\fP]\n[\\-\\fBt\\fP \\fIYYYYMMDDHHMMSS\\/\\fP]\n.RI [ name... ]\n.RI [ tty... ]\n.br\n.B lastb\n.RB [ \\-R ]\n.RB [ \\-\\fInum\\fP ]\n[\\-\\fBn\\fP \\fInum\\/\\fP]\n[\\-\\fBf\\fP \\fIfile\\/\\fP]\n.RB [ \\-adFiowx ]\n.RI [ name... ]\n.RI [ tty... ]\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Description\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n.B Last\nsearches back through the file \\fB/var/log/wtmp\\fP (or the file\ndesignated by the \\fB\\-f\\fP flag) and displays a list of all\nusers logged in (and out) since that file was created. Names of users\nand tty's can be given, in which case \\fBlast\\fP will show only those entries\nmatching the arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus \\fBlast\n0\\fP is the same as \\fBlast tty0\\fP. \n.PP\nWhen \\fBlast\\fP catches a \\fBSIGINT\\fP signal (generated by the interrupt key,\nusually control-C) or a \\fBSIGQUIT\\fP signal (generated by the quit key, \nusually control-\\e), \\fBlast\\fP will show how far it has searched through the \nfile; in the case of the \\fBSIGINT\\fP signal \\fBlast\\fP will then terminate.\n.PP\nThe pseudo user \\fBreboot\\fP logs in each time the system is rebooted.\nThus \\fBlast reboot\\fP will show a log of all reboots since the log file\nwas created.\n.PP\n\\fBlastb\\fP is the same as \\fBlast\\fP, except that by default it shows a log\nof the file \\fB/var/log/btmp\\fP, which contains all the bad login attempts.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Options\n.SH OPTIONS\n.IP \"\\fB\\-f\\fP \\fIfile\\fP\"\nTells \\fBlast\\fP to use a specific file instead of \\fI/var/log/wtmp\\fP.\n.IP \\fB\\-\\fP\\fInum\\fP\nThis is a count telling \\fBlast\\fP how many lines to show.\n.IP \"\\fB\\-n\\fP \\fInum\\fP\"\nThe same.\n.IP \"\\fB\\-t\\fP \\fIYYYYMMDDHHMMSS\\fP\"\nDisplay the state of logins as of the specified time. This is\nuseful, e.g., to determine easily who was logged in at a particular\ntime -- specify that time with \\fB\\-t\\fP and look for \"still logged\nin\".\n.IP \\fB\\-R\\fP\nSuppresses the display of the hostname field.\n.IP \\fB\\-a\\fP\nDisplay the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination\nwith the next flag.\n.IP \\fB\\-d\\fP\nFor non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote\nhost but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number\nback into a hostname.\n.IP \\fB\\-F\\fP\nPrint full login and logout times and dates.\n.IP \\fB\\-i\\fP\nThis option is like \\fB-d\\fP in that it displays the IP number of the remote\nhost, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.\n.IP \\fB\\-l\\fP\nThis option allows the display of usernames longer than 8 characters.\nThis may mess up formatting in some programs and make the output wider than\nthe standard 80 characters.\n.IP \\fB\\-o\\fP\nRead an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).\n.IP \\fB\\-w\\fP\nDisplay full user and domain names in the output.\n.IP \\fB\\-x\\fP\nDisplay the system shutdown entries and run level changes.\n.\\\"}}}\n.SH NOTES\nThe files \\fIwtmp\\fP and \\fIbtmp\\fP might not be found. The system only\nlogs information in these files if they are present. This is a local\nconfiguration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be\ncreated with a simple \\fBtouch\\fP(1) command (for example, \n\\fBtouch /var/log/wtmp\\fP).\n.\\\"{{{ Files\n.SH FILES\n/var/log/wtmp\n.br\n/var/log/btmp\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Author\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ See also\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR shutdown (8),\n.BR login (1),\n.BR init (8)\n.\\\"}}}\n" }, { "path": "man/lastb.1", "content": ".so man1/last.1\n" }, { "path": "man/logsave.8", "content": ".\\\" -*- nroff -*-\n.\\\" Copyright 2003 by Theodore Ts'o. All Rights Reserved.\n.\\\" This file may be copied under the terms of the GNU Public License.\n.\\\"\n.TH LOGSAVE 8 \"\" \"sysvinit \" \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n.SH NAME\nlogsave \\- save the output of a command in a logfile\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B logsave\n[\n.B \\-asv\n]\n.I logfile cmd_prog [ ... ]\n.SH DESCRIPTION\nThe\n.B logsave\nprogram will execute\n.I cmd_prog\nwith the specified argument(s), and save a copy of its output to\n.IR logfile .\nIf the containing directory for\n.I logfile\ndoes not exist,\n.B logsave\nwill accumulate the output in memory until it can be written out.\nA copy of the output will also be written to standard output.\n.PP\nIf\n.I cmd_prog\nis a single hyphen ('-'), then instead of executing a program,\n.B logsave\nwill take its input from standard input and save it in\n.IR logfile .\n.PP\n.B logsave\nis useful for saving the output of initial boot scripts\nuntil the \\fI/var\\fP partition is mounted, so the output can be written to\n\\fI/var/log\\fP.\n.SH OPTIONS\n.TP\n.B \\-a\nThis option will cause the output to be appended to\n.IR logfile ,\ninstead of replacing its current contents.\n.TP\n.B \\-s\nThis option will cause\n.B logsave\nto skip writing to the log file text which is bracketed with a control-A\n(ASCII 001 or Start of Header) and control-B (ASCII 002 or Start of\nText). This allows progress bar information to be visible to the user\non the console, while not being written to the log file.\n.TP\n.B \\-v\nThis option will make\n.B logsave\nto be more verbose in its output to the user.\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT tytso@mit\\:.edu\nTheodore Ts'o\n.ME\n.SH SEE ALSO\n.BR fsck (8)\n" }, { "path": "man/mesg.1", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2001 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.\\\"{{{}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Title\n.TH MESG 1 \"Feb 26, 2001\" \"sysvinit \" \"User Commands\"\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Name\n.SH NAME\nmesg \\- control write access to your terminal\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Synopsis\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B mesg\n.RB [ y | n ]\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Description\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n.B mesg\ncontrols the access to your terminal by others. It's typically used to\nallow or disallow other users to write to your terminal (see \\fBwrite\\fP(1)).\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Options\n.SH OPTIONS\n.IP \\fBy\\fP\nAllow write access to your terminal.\n.IP \\fBn\\fP\nDisallow write access to your terminal.\n.PP\nIf no option is given, \\fBmesg\\fP prints out the current access state of your\nterminal.\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ Notes\n.SH NOTES\n\\fBmesg\\fP assumes that its standard input is connected to your\nterminal. That also means that if you are logged in multiple times,\nyou can get/set the mesg status of other sessions by using redirection.\nFor example \"mesg n < /dev/pts/46\".\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n.\\\"}}}\n.\\\"{{{ See also\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR talk (1),\n.BR write (1),\n.BR wall (1)\n.\\\"}}}\n" }, { "path": "man/mountpoint.1", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998-2004 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.TH MOUNTPOINT 1 \"Mar 15, 2004\" \"sysvinit \" \"User Commands\"\n.SH NAME\nmountpoint \\- see if a directory is a mountpoint\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B mountpoint\n.RB [ \\-q ]\n.RB [ \\-d ]\n.I /path/to/directory\n.br\n.B mountpoint\n.B \\-x\n.I /dev/device\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n\\fBmountpoint\\fP checks if the directory is a mountpoint.\n\n.SH OPTIONS\n.IP \\fB\\-q\\fP\nBe quiet - don't print anything.\n.IP \\fB\\-d\\fP\nPrint major/minor device number of the filesystem on stdout.\n.IP \\fB\\-p\\fP\nCheck Linux's \\fI/proc/mounts\\fP file to try to detect circular mount points.\n.IP \\fB\\-x\\fP\nPrint major/minor device number of the blockdevice on stdout.\n.SH EXIT STATUS\nZero if the directory is a mountpoint, non-zero if not.\n.SH NOTES\nSymbolic links are not followed, except when the \\fB-x\\fP option is\nused. To force following symlinks, add a trailing slash to the\npath of the directory.\n.PP\nThe name of the command is misleading when the \\fB-x\\fP option is used,\nbut the option is useful for comparing if a directory and a device\nmatch up, and there is no other command that can print the info easily.\n.PP\nThe mountpoint command fails when a directory is binded to one of its grandparents.\nFor example, if /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then mountpoint will report\n/a/b/c/d is not a valid mount point. This is because both the original directory and\nits new mount point share the same inode and device number.\n.PP\nThe circular mount problem can be worked around on Linux systems by using \nthe\\fB-p\\fP flag to check the \\fI/proc/mounts\\fP file for references to the circular mount bind.\nWhen using the \\fB-p\\fP flag, make sure to specify the full path (ie \\fI/home/user/mp\\fP and\nnot just \\fImp\\fP). Also, \\fBmountpoint\\fP may still fail if there are spaces in\nthe mount point's path, even when using the \\fB-p\\fP flag because of the way\n\\fB/proc/mounts\\fP mangles the spaces in the path name. Of course, if the\nadmin is using circular mount points with spaces in the name, there\nare bigger concerns.\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n.SH \"SEE ALSO\"\n.BR stat (1)\n" }, { "path": "man/pidof.8", "content": "'\\\" -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-\n.\\\" Copyright (C) 1998 Miquel van Smoorenburg.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify\n.\\\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by\n.\\\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or\n.\\\" (at your option) any later version.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\n.\\\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\n.\\\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the\n.\\\" GNU General Public License for more details.\n.\\\"\n.\\\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\n.\\\" along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software\n.\\\" Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\n.\\\"\n.TH PIDOF 8 \"01 Sep 1998\" \"sysvinit \" \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n.SH NAME\npidof \\- find the process ID of a running program\n.SH SYNOPSIS\n.B pidof\n.RB [ \\-s ]\n.RB [ \\-c ]\n.RB [ \\-n ]\n.RB [ \\-x ]\n.RB [ \\-z ]\n.RB [ \\-o\n.IR omitpid [ \\fB,\\fPomitpid \"...\\&]]\"\n.RB [ \\-o\n.IR omitpid [ \\fB,\\fPomitpid ...]...\\&]\n.RB [ \\-d\n.IR sep ]\n.I program\n.RI [ program \"...]\"\n.SH DESCRIPTION\n.B pidof\nfinds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs.\nIt prints those id's on the standard output.\nThis program is on some systems used in run-level change scripts,\nespecially when the system has a \\fISystem-V\\fP like \\fIrc\\fP structure.\nIn that case these scripts are located in \\fI/etc/rc?.d\\fP,\nwhere ? is the runlevel.\nIf the system has a \\fBstart-stop-daemon\\fP(8) program\nthat should be used instead.\n.SH OPTIONS\n.IP \\fB\\-s\\fP\nSingle shot - this instructs the program to only return one \\fIpid\\fP.\n.IP \\fB\\-c\\fP\nOnly return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory.\nThis option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check\nthe current root directory of processes they do not own.\n.IP \\fB\\-n\\fP\nAvoid\n.BR stat (2)\nsystem function call on all binaries which are located on network\nbased file systems like\n.BR NFS .\nInstead of using this option the variable\n.B PIDOF_NETFS\nmay be set and exported.\n.IP \\fB\\-q\\fP\nDo not display matched PIDs to standard out.\nSimply exit with a status of true or false to indicate whether a matching\nPID was found.\n.IP \\fB\\-x\\fP\nScripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of\nshells running the named scripts.\n.IP \\fB\\-z\\fP\nTry to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z) status.\nUsually these processes are skipped\nas trying to deal with them can cause pidof or related tools to hang.\nNote: In the past pidof would ignore processes in the uninterruptable state\n(D),\nunless the \\fB\\-z\\fP flag was specified.\nThis is no longer the case.\nThe \\fBpidof\\fP program will find and report processes in the D state\nwhether \\fB\\-z\\fP is specified or not.\n.IP \"\\-d \\fIsep\\fP\"\nTells \\fIpidof\\fP to use \\fIsep\\fP as an output separator\nif more than one PID is shown.\nThe default separator is a space.\n.IP \"\\-o \\fIomitpid\\fP\"\nTells \\fIpidof\\fP to omit processes with that process id.\nThe special pid \\fB%PPID\\fP can be used to name the parent process of the\n\\fBpidof\\fP program,\nin other words the calling shell or shell script.\n.SH \"EXIT STATUS\"\n.TP\n.B 0\nAt least one program was found with the requested name.\n.TP\n.B 1\nNo program was found with the requested name.\n.SH NOTES\n\\fIpidof\\fP is actually the same program as \\fBkillall5\\fP(8);\nthe program behaves according to the name under which it is called.\n.PP\nWhen \\fBpidof\\fP is invoked with a full pathname to the program it\nshould find the pid of,\nit is reasonably safe.\nOtherwise it is possible\nthat it returns PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name\nas the program you're after but are actually other programs.\nNote that the executable name of running processes is calculated with\n.BR readlink (2),\nso symbolic links to executables will also match.\n.PP\nZombie processes or processes in disk sleep\n(states Z and D, respectively)\nare ignored,\nas attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail.\nThe \\fB\\-z\\fP flag (see above) tells \\fBpidof\\fP to try to detect these\nsleeping and zombie processes,\nat the risk of failing or hanging.\n\n.SH SEE ALSO\n.BR shutdown (8),\n.BR init (8),\n.BR halt (8),\n.BR reboot (8),\n.BR killall5 (8)\n.SH AUTHOR\n.MT miquels@\\:cistron\\:.nl\nMiquel van Smoorenburg\n.ME\n" }, { "path": "man/po/de.po", "content": "# German translation of the sysvinit man pages.\n# Martin Okrslar , 2000.\n# Martin Schulze , 2001.\n# Martin Eberhard Schauer , 2010.\n# Chris Leick , 2010.\n# Helge Kreutzmann , 2016, 2018-2021.\n# Mario Blättermann , 2014, 2018-2021.\nmsgid \"\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Project-Id-Version: sysvinit-man\\n\"\n\"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-12-27 14:19+0100\\n\"\n\"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-12-27 22:14+0100\\n\"\n\"Last-Translator: Mario Blättermann \\n\"\n\"Language-Team: German \\n\"\n\"Language: de\\n\"\n\"MIME-Version: 1.0\\n\"\n\"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\\n\"\n\"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\\n\"\n\"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\\n\"\n\"X-Generator: Lokalize 21.12.0\\n\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTLOGD\"\nmsgstr \"BOOTLOGD\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 21, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"21. Juli 2003\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18 ../fstab-decode.8:20 ../halt.8:20 ../init.8:20\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20 ../killall5.8:18\n#: ../last.1:20 ../logsave.8:5 ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../pidof.8:18\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20 ../runlevel.8:18 ../shutdown.8:20 ../sulogin.8:18\n#: ../utmpdump.1:18 ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"sysvinit @VERSION@\"\nmsgstr \"sysvinit @VERSION@\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18 ../fstab-decode.8:20 ../halt.8:20 ../init.8:20\n#: ../killall5.8:18 ../logsave.8:5 ../pidof.8:18 ../runlevel.8:18\n#: ../shutdown.8:20 ../sulogin.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\nmsgstr \"Linux-Systemverwaltungshandbuch\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:19 ../fstab-decode.8:22 ../halt.8:23 ../init.8:23\n#: ../initctl.5:18 ../initscript.5:19 ../inittab.5:23 ../killall5.8:19\n#: ../last.1:23 ../logsave.8:6 ../mesg.1:23 ../mountpoint.1:19 ../pidof.8:19\n#: ../readbootlog.1:23 ../runlevel.8:19 ../shutdown.8:23 ../sulogin.8:19\n#: ../utmpdump.1:19 ../wall.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NAME\"\nmsgstr \"BEZEICHNUNG\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:21\nmsgid \"bootlogd - record boot messages\"\nmsgstr \"bootlogd - Boot-Meldungen aufzeichnen\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:21 ../fstab-decode.8:25 ../halt.8:27 ../init.8:27\n#: ../initctl.5:20 ../initscript.5:21 ../killall5.8:21 ../last.1:27\n#: ../logsave.8:8 ../mesg.1:27 ../mountpoint.1:21 ../pidof.8:21\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27 ../runlevel.8:21 ../shutdown.8:27 ../sulogin.8:21\n#: ../utmpdump.1:21 ../wall.1:23\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SYNOPSIS\"\nmsgstr \"ÜBERSICHT\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-c>] [B<-d>] [B<-e>] [B<-r>] [B<-s>] [B<-v>] [I< >B<-\"\n\"l>I< logfile >] [I< >B<-p>I< pidfile >]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B<-c>] [B<-d>] [B<-e>] [B<-r>] [B<-s>] [B<-v>] [I< >B<-\"\n\"l>I< Protokolldatei >] [I< >B<-p>I< PID-Datei >]\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:31 ../fstab-decode.8:28 ../halt.8:53 ../init.8:46\n#: ../initctl.5:22 ../initscript.5:23 ../inittab.5:28 ../killall5.8:28\n#: ../last.1:48 ../logsave.8:14 ../mesg.1:32 ../mountpoint.1:30 ../pidof.8:36\n#: ../readbootlog.1:34 ../runlevel.8:24 ../shutdown.8:36 ../sulogin.8:27\n#: ../utmpdump.1:25 ../wall.1:28\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"DESCRIPTION\"\nmsgstr \"BESCHREIBUNG\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:35\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B runs in the background and copies all strings sent to the I device to a logfile. If the I is not accessible, the \"\n\"messages will be kept in memory until it is.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B wird im Hintergrund ausgeführt und kopiert alle an das Gerät I gesendeten Zeichenketten in eine Protokolldatei. Falls auf die \"\n\"I nicht zugegriffen werden kann, werden die Meldungen im \"\n\"Speicher behalten, bis der Zugriff wieder möglich ist.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:35 ../halt.8:68 ../killall5.8:34 ../last.1:70 ../logsave.8:39\n#: ../mesg.1:38 ../mountpoint.1:33 ../pidof.8:44 ../readbootlog.1:42\n#: ../runlevel.8:49 ../shutdown.8:54 ../utmpdump.1:28 ../wall.1:52\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"OPTIONS\"\nmsgstr \"OPTIONEN\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:36 ../halt.8:75 ../last.1:87 ../mountpoint.1:36\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-d>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-d>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:38\nmsgid \"Do not fork and run in the background.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:38\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-e>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-e>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Print escape characters to the boot log file. This turns off filtering of \"\n\"escape characters and allows tools like GNU B(1) to see and use colour \"\n\"control characters (show the log in colour).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"gibt Escape-Zeichen in die Boot-Protokolldatei aus. Dadurch wird die \"\n\"Filterung der Escape-Zeichen deaktiviert und Werkzeugen wie GNU B(1) \"\n\"ermöglicht, diese zu sehen und Farb-Steuerzeichen zu verwenden (also das \"\n\"Protokoll farbig anzuzeigen).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:42 ../pidof.8:47 ../shutdown.8:101\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-c>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-c>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:47\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Attempt to write to the logfile even if it does not yet exist. Without this \"\n\"option, B will wait for the logfile to appear before attempting to \"\n\"write to it. This behavior prevents B from creating logfiles under \"\n\"mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"versucht, auch dann in die Protokolldatei zu schreiben, wenn diese noch \"\n\"nicht existiert. Ohne diese Option wartet B, bis die \"\n\"Protokolldatei erscheint, bevor ein Schreibversuch unternommen wird. Dieses \"\n\"Verhalten hindert B daran, Protokolldateien unterhalb von \"\n\"Einhängepunkten zu erstellen.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:47 ../shutdown.8:64 ../utmpdump.1:31\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-r>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-r>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:50\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If there is an existing logfile called I rename it to I \"\n\"unless I already exists.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Eine vorhandene I wird umbenannt, indem dem Namen eine Tilde \"\n\"angehängt wird (I), außer wenn die I \"\n\"bereits vorhanden ist.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:50 ../logsave.8:45 ../pidof.8:45\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Ensure that the data is written to the file after each line by calling \"\n\"B(3). This will slow down a B(8) process running in \"\n\"parallel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"stellt sicher, dass die Daten tatsächlich in die Datei geschrieben werden, \"\n\"indem nach jeder Zeile B(3) aufgerufen wird. Dadurch wird ein \"\n\"parallel laufender B(8)-Prozess verlangsamt.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:56 ../logsave.8:53\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-v>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-v>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:58\nmsgid \"Show version.\"\nmsgstr \"zeigt die Version an.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:58\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-l> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:60\nmsgid \"Log to this logfile. The default is I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"speichert in die angegebene Protokolldatei. Die Vorgabe ist I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:60\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-p> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-p> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:62\nmsgid \"Put process-id in this file. The default is no pidfile.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"speichert die Prozesskennung (PID) in dieser Datei. Standardmäßig wird keine \"\n\"PID-Datei gespeichert.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:62 ../halt.8:94 ../initctl.5:119 ../initscript.5:60\n#: ../killall5.8:37 ../last.1:107 ../mesg.1:48 ../mountpoint.1:44 ../pidof.8:87\n#: ../shutdown.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOTES\"\nmsgstr \"ANMERKUNGEN\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:67\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B saves log data which includes control characters. The log is \"\n\"technically a text file, but not very easy for humans to read. To address \"\n\"this the B(1) command can be used to display the boot log \"\n\"without the control characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:67 ../utmpdump.1:52\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BUGS\"\nmsgstr \"FEHLER\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B works by redirecting the console output from the console \"\n\"device. (Consequently B requires PTY support in the kernel \"\n\"configuration.) It copies that output to the real console device and to a \"\n\"log file. There is no standard way of ascertaining the real console device \"\n\"if you have a new-style I device (major 5, minor 1) so \"\n\"B parses the kernel command line looking for B lines \"\n\"and deduces the real console device from that. If that syntax is ever \"\n\"changed by the kernel, or a console type is used that B does not \"\n\"know about then B will not work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:78 ../halt.8:116 ../init.8:337 ../initctl.5:147\n#: ../initscript.5:68 ../inittab.5:255 ../killall5.8:48 ../last.1:120\n#: ../logsave.8:58 ../mesg.1:53 ../mountpoint.1:66 ../pidof.8:110\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52 ../runlevel.8:57 ../shutdown.8:232 ../sulogin.8:84\n#: ../utmpdump.1:60 ../wall.1:74\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"AUTHOR\"\nmsgstr \"AUTOR\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:82 ../halt.8:122 ../initscript.5:72 ../killall5.8:51\n#: ../last.1:126 ../mesg.1:59 ../mountpoint.1:70 ../pidof.8:113\n#: ../runlevel.8:60 ../shutdown.8:238 ../sulogin.8:88 ../wall.1:77\nmsgid \"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:82 ../fstab-decode.8:67 ../halt.8:122 ../init.8:346\n#: ../initctl.5:151 ../initscript.5:72 ../inittab.5:270 ../killall5.8:44\n#: ../last.1:126 ../logsave.8:62 ../mesg.1:59 ../mountpoint.1:70 ../pidof.8:104\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58 ../runlevel.8:54 ../shutdown.8:238 ../sulogin.8:88\n#: ../utmpdump.1:62 ../wall.1:70\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SEE ALSO\"\nmsgstr \"SIEHE AUCH\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:85\nmsgid \"B(8), B(3), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(3), B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FSTAB-DECODE\"\nmsgstr \"FSTAB-DECODE\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 2006\"\nmsgstr \"Mai 2006\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:24\nmsgid \"fstab-decode - run a command with fstab-encoded arguments\"\nmsgstr \"fstab-decode - einen Befehl mit fstab-kodierten Argumenten ausführen\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:27\nmsgid \"B I [I]...\"\nmsgstr \"B I [I] …\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B decodes escapes (such as newline characters and other \"\n\"whitespace) in the specified Is and uses them to run I. \"\n\"The argument escaping uses the same rules as path escaping in I, \"\n\"I and I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In essence B can be used anytime we want to pass multiple \"\n\"parameters to a command as a list of command line arguments. It turns output \"\n\"like this:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/root\\n\"\n\"/mnt/remote-disk\\n\"\n\"/home\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:49\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Into one long list of parameters, \\\"/root /mnt/remote-disk /home\\\". This\\n\"\n\"can be useful when trying to work with multiple filesystems at once. For\\n\"\n\"instance, we can use it to unmount multiple NFS shares. This program also\\n\"\n\"removes whitespace and other characters which might cause programs such\\n\"\n\"as B(8) or B(8) to fail.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:50 ../killall5.8:40 ../mountpoint.1:42 ../pidof.8:80\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"EXIT STATUS\"\nmsgstr \"EXIT-STATUS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B exits with status 127 if I can't be run. Otherwise \"\n\"it exits with the status returned by I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B beendet sich mit dem Status 127, falls der I nicht \"\n\"ausgeführt werden kann. Anderenfalls beendet es sich mit dem vom I \"\n\"zurückgegebenen Status.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Examples\n#. type: SH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:57 ../initctl.5:93 ../initscript.5:28 ../inittab.5:184\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"EXAMPLES\"\nmsgstr \"BEISPIELE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:62\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following example reads I, finds all instances of VFAT \"\n\"filesystems and prints their mount points (argument 2 in the I \"\n\"file). B then runs the specified program, B(8), and \"\n\"passes it the list of VFAT mountpoints. This unmounts all VFAT partitions.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Das folgende Beispiel liest die Datei I, findet alle Vorkommen von \"\n\"VFAT-Dateisystemen und gibt deren Einhängepunkte aus (das 2. Argument in der \"\n\"I-Datei). B führt dann das angegebene Programm aus \"\n\"(B(8)) und übergibt an dieses eine Liste der VFAT-Einhängepunkte. \"\n\"Dadurch werden alle VFAT-Partitionen ausgehängt.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:65\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\\n\"\nmsgstr \"B\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:68\nmsgid \"B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../halt.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"HALT\"\nmsgstr \"HALT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../halt.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Nov 6, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"6. November 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:27\nmsgid \"halt, reboot, poweroff - stop the system\"\nmsgstr \"halt, poweroff, reboot - das System anhalten\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:36\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-p>] [B<-h>]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-p>] [B<-h>]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:43\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:53\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-h>]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-h>]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B notes that the system is being brought down in the file I, and then either tells the kernel to halt, reboot or power-off the \"\n\"system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B or B is called when the system is I in runlevel B<0> \"\n\"or B<6>, in other words when it's running normally, B will be \"\n\"invoked instead (with the B<-h> or B<-r> flag). For more info see the \"\n\"B(8) manpage.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The rest of this manpage describes the behavior in runlevels 0 and 6, that \"\n\"is when the systems shutdown scripts are being run.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Rest dieser Handbuchseite beschreibt das Verhalten in den Runlevels 0 \"\n\"und 6, also wenn die Herunterfahr-Skripte des Systems laufen.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:69 ../pidof.8:51 ../shutdown.8:95 ../wall.1:53\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:72\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Don't sync before reboot or halt. Note that the kernel and storage drivers \"\n\"may still sync. This implies B<-d>.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:72 ../last.1:102\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-w>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-w>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:75\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Don't actually reboot or halt but only write the wtmp record (in the I file).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"führt keinen Systemhalt oder Neustart tatsächlich aus, sondern schreibt nur \"\n\"den Wtmp-Herunterfahreintrag (in die Datei I).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:77\nmsgid \"Don't write the wtmp record.\"\nmsgstr \"schreibt keinen Wtmp-Herunterfahreintrag.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:77 ../shutdown.8:87 ../utmpdump.1:29\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:79\nmsgid \"Force halt or reboot, don't call B(8).\"\nmsgstr \"erzwingt Systemhalt oder Neustart und ruft B(8) nicht auf.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:79 ../last.1:93\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-i>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-i>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:83\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Shut down all network interfaces just before B or B. Warning: \"\n\"This may not work on interfaces which do not have an IP address and should \"\n\"ideally be handled by a network manager service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:83 ../readbootlog.1:45 ../shutdown.8:68 ../utmpdump.1:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-h>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-h>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:85\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Put all hard drives on the system in stand-by mode just before halt or power-\"\n\"off.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"versetzt alle Festplattenlaufwerke im System direkt vor Systemhalt oder \"\n\"Ausschalten in den Standby-Modus.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:85 ../mountpoint.1:38\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-p>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-p>\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When halting the system, switch off the power. This is the default when \"\n\"B is called as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"schaltet beim Anhalten des Systems die Energieversorgung ab. Dies ist die \"\n\"Vorgabe, wenn B als B aufgerufen wird.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../halt.8:90 ../init.8:327\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"DIAGNOSTICS\"\nmsgstr \"DIAGNOSE\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:94\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If you're not the superuser, you will get the message `must be superuser'.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Falls Sie nicht der Superuser sind, erhalten Sie die Meldung »must be \"\n\"superuser«.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Under older B releases, B and B should never be \"\n\"called directly. From release 2.74 on B and B invoke \"\n\"B(8) if the system is not in runlevel 0 or 6. This means that if \"\n\"B or B cannot find out the current runlevel (for example, when \"\n\"I hasn't been initialized correctly and I \"\n\"does not exist) B will be called, which might not be what you \"\n\"want. Use the B<-f> flag if you want to do a hard B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Unter älteren Versionen von B sollten B und B \"\n\"niemals direkt aufgerufen werden. Ab der Version 2.74 rufen B und \"\n\"B den Befehl B(8) auf, falls sich das System nicht im \"\n\"Runlevel 0 oder 6 befindet. Falls B oder B den aktuellen \"\n\"Runlevel nicht ermitteln können (beispielsweise wenn I nicht \"\n\"korrekt initialisiert wurde und I nicht existiert), \"\n\"bedeutet das, dass B aufgerufen wird, was möglicherweise nicht das \"\n\"ist, was Sie wollen. Verwenden Sie den Schalter B<-f>, wenn Sie einen harten \"\n\"Systemhalt oder Neustart ausführen wollen.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:109\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B<-h> flag puts all hard disks in standby mode just before halt or power-\"\n\"off. Right now this is only implemented for IDE drives. A side effect of \"\n\"putting the drive in stand-by mode is that the write cache on the disk is \"\n\"flushed. This is important for IDE drives, since the kernel doesn't flush \"\n\"the write cache itself before power-off.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Schalter B<-h> versetzt alle Festplatten direkt vor dem Systemhalt oder \"\n\"Ausschalten in den Standby-Modus. Bislang ist das nur für IDE-Laufwerke \"\n\"implemetiert. Ein Nebeneffekt des Versetzens in den Standby-Modus ist, dass \"\n\"der Schreib-Cache des Laufwerks geleert wird. Das ist für IDE-Laufwerke \"\n\"wichtig, da der Kernel selbst den Schreib-Cache vor dem Ausschalten nicht \"\n\"leert.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:113\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program uses I to find all IDE disk devices, \"\n\"which means that I needs to be mounted when B or B is \"\n\"called or the B<-h> switch will do nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Das Programm B findet alle IDE-Laufwerke mit Hilfe von I, was bedeutet, dass I beim Aufruf von B oder B \"\n\"eingehängt sein muss. Anderenfalls wird der Schalter B<-h> nichts bewirken.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:124\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../init.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INIT\"\nmsgstr \"INIT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../init.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"29 Jul 2004\"\nmsgstr \"29. Juli 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:27\nmsgid \"init, telinit - process control initialization\"\nmsgstr \"init, telinit - Initialisierung der Prozesssteuerung\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B< -a >] [B< -s >] [B< -b >] [ B<-z> I ] [B< 0123456Ss >]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B< -a >] [B< -s >] [B< -b >] [ B<-z> I ] [B< 0123456Ss >]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:37\nmsgid \"B [B< --version >]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B< --version >]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:41\nmsgid \"B [ B<-t> I ] [B< 0123456sSQqabcUu >]\"\nmsgstr \"B [ B<-t> I ] [B< 0123456sSQqabcUu >]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:46\nmsgid \"B [ B<-e> I[B<=>I] ]\"\nmsgstr \"B [ B<-e> I[B<=>I] ]\"\n\n#. {{{ init\n#. type: SS\n#: ../init.8:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Init\"\nmsgstr \"Init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create \"\n\"processes from a script stored in the file I (see \"\n\"B(5)). This file usually has entries which cause B to spawn \"\n\"Bs on each line that users can log in. It also controls autonomous \"\n\"processes required by any particular system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ist der Elternprozess aller Prozesse. Seine Hauptaufgabe besteht \"\n\"darin, Prozesse aus einem Skript in der Datei I zu erzeugen \"\n\"(siehe auch B(5)). Diese Datei hat normalerweise Einträge, die \"\n\"B dazu veranlassen auf jeder Leitung Bs zu erzeugen, auf der \"\n\"sich ein Benutzer einloggen kann. Er steuert auch alle unabhängigen \"\n\"Prozesse, die von einem bestimmten System benötigt werden.\"\n\n#. {{{ Runlevels\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVELS\"\nmsgstr \"RUNLEVEL\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A I is a software configuration of the system which allows only a \"\n\"selected group of processes to exist. The processes spawned by B for \"\n\"each of these runlevels are defined in the I file. B \"\n\"can be in one of eight runlevels: B<0\\\\(en6> and B (a.k.a. B). The \"\n\"runlevel is changed by having a privileged user run B, which sends \"\n\"appropriate signals to B, telling it which runlevel to change to.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ein I ist eine Software-Konfiguration des Systems, der es nur \"\n\"einer ausgewählten Gruppe von Prozessen erlaubt, ausgeführt zu werden. Die \"\n\"Prozesse, die von B für jeden dieser Runlevel erzeugt werden, sind in \"\n\"der Datei I definiert. B kann in einem von acht \"\n\"Runleveln sein: B<0-6> und B (auch B). B wechselt den Runlevel, \"\n\"wenn ein privilegierter Benutzer das Programm B startet, das \"\n\"B passende Signale sendet, die ihm mitteilen, in welchen Runlevel es \"\n\"wechseln soll.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:75\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels B, B<0>, B<1>, and B<6> are reserved. Runlevel S is used to \"\n\"initialize the system on boot. When starting runlevel S (on boot) or \"\n\"runlevel 1 (switching from a multi-user runlevel) the system is entering \"\n\"``single-user mode'', after which the current runlevel is S. Runlevel 0 is \"\n\"used to halt the system; runlevel 6 is used to reboot the system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Runlevel B, B<0>, B<1> und B<6> sind reserviert. Der Runlevel S wird \"\n\"benutzt, um das System beim Start zu initialisieren. Wenn Runlevel S (beim \"\n\"Start) oder Runlevel 1 (umschalten von einem Mehrbenutzer-Runlevel) \"\n\"gestartet wird, wechselt das System in den »Einzelbenutzermodus«, nach dem \"\n\"der aktuelle Runlevel S ist. Runlevel 0 wird benutzt, um das System zu \"\n\"stoppen, Runlevel 6 startet das System neu.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After booting through S the system automatically enters one of the multi-\"\n\"user runlevels 2 through 5, unless there was some problem that needs to be \"\n\"fixed by the administrator in single-user mode. Normally after entering \"\n\"single-user mode the administrator performs maintenance and then reboots the \"\n\"system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Nach dem Starten durch S tritt das System automatisch in die Mehrbenutzer-\"\n\"Runlevel 2 bis 5 ein, falls es dort kein Problem gibt, das vom Administrator \"\n\"im Einzelbenutzermodus behoben werden muss. Normalerweise führt der \"\n\"Administrator nach Eintreten in den Einzelbenutzermodus Wartungsarbeiten \"\n\"durch und startet dann das System neu.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:85\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For more information, see the manpages for B(8) and B(5).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Lesen Sie die Handbuchseiten von B(8) und B(5), um \"\n\"weitere Informationen zu erhalten.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels 7-9 are also valid, though not really documented. This is because \"\n\"\\\"traditional\\\" Unix variants don't use them.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Runlevel 7-9 sind ebenfalls gültig, wenngleich nicht wirklich \"\n\"dokumentiert. Dies ist deshalb so, weil »traditionelle« Unix-Varianten sie \"\n\"nicht benutzen.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels I and I are the same. Internally they are aliases for the \"\n\"same runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Runlevel I und I sind identisch. Intern sind sie Aliase für den \"\n\"gleichen Runlevel.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:93\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTING\"\nmsgstr \"SYSTEMSTART\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After B is invoked as the last step of the kernel boot sequence, it \"\n\"looks for the file I to see if there is an entry of the type \"\n\"B (see B(5)). The B entry determines the \"\n\"initial runlevel of the system. If there is no such entry (or no I at all), a runlevel must be entered at the system console.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Nachdem B im letzten Schritt des Startprozesses aufgerufen wird, sucht \"\n\"es nach der Datei I und sieht nach, ob es dort einen \"\n\"B-Eintrag gibt (siehe B(5)). Der Eintrag \"\n\"B bestimmt den Anfangs-I des Systems. Falls es dort \"\n\"keinen derartigen Eintrag gibt (oder gar keine Datei I \"\n\"existiert), muss der I in der Systemkonsole eingegeben werden.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevel B or B initialize the system and do not require an I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Runlevel B oder B initialisieren das System und benötigen keine I-Datei.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:105\nmsgid \"In single user mode, B is invoked on I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Im Einzelbenutzermodus wird B auf I aufgerufen.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:109\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When entering single user mode, B initializes the consoles B \"\n\"settings to sane values. Clocal mode is set. Hardware speed and handshaking \"\n\"are not changed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Beim Eintritt in den Einzelbenutzermodus initialisiert B die B-\"\n\"Einstellungen der Konsolen auf vernünftige Werte. Der »Clocal«-Modus wird \"\n\"gesetzt. Hardware-Geschwindigkeit und Datenflusssteuerung werden nicht \"\n\"geändert.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When entering a multi-user mode for the first time, B performs the \"\n\"B and B entries to allow file systems to be mounted before \"\n\"users can log in. Then all entries matching the runlevel are processed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Beim ersten Eintritt in den Mehrbenutzermodus führt B die B- und \"\n\"B-Einträge aus, um das Einhängen von Dateisystemen zu erlauben, \"\n\"bevor Anwender sich anmelden können. Dann werden alle Einträge, die zum \"\n\"Runlevel passen, verarbeitet.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:118\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When starting a new process, B first checks whether the file I exists. If it does, it uses this script to start the process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wenn ein neuer Prozess gestartet wird, prüft B zuerst, ob die Datei I existiert. Ist dies der Fall, benutzt es dieses Skript, um \"\n\"den Prozess zu starten.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:122\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Each time a child terminates, B records the fact and the reason it \"\n\"died in I and I, provided that these files \"\n\"exist.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jedesmal, wenn ein Kindprozess endet, zeichnet B diesen Umstand und \"\n\"den Grund der Beendigung in I und I auf, \"\n\"sofern diese Dateien existieren.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:122\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CHANGING RUNLEVELS\"\nmsgstr \"RUNLEVEL ÄNDERN\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After it has spawned all of the processes specified, B waits for one \"\n\"of its descendant processes to die, a powerfail signal, or until it is \"\n\"signaled by B to change the system's runlevel. When one of the \"\n\"above three conditions occurs, it re-examines the I file. New \"\n\"entries can be added to this file at any time. However, B still waits \"\n\"for one of the above three conditions to occur. To provide for an \"\n\"instantaneous response, the B or B command can wake up B \"\n\"to re-examine (reload) the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Nachdem alle vorgesehenen Prozesse erzeugt worden sind, wartet B \"\n\"darauf, dass ein untergeordneter Prozess endet, ein Stromausfallsignal oder \"\n\"darauf, dass B einen Wechsel des Runlevels signalisiert. Wenn eine \"\n\"der drei oben genannten Bedingungen erfüllt ist, untersucht B nochmals \"\n\"die I-Datei. Es können jederzeit neue Einträge zu dieser Datei \"\n\"hinzugefügt werden. Jedoch wartet B immer noch darauf, dass einer der \"\n\"drei oben genannten Bedingungen eintritt. Um eine sofortige Antwort \"\n\"bereitzustellen, können die Befehle B oder B B \"\n\"aufwecken, um die Datei I erneut zu prüfen (neu zu laden).\"\n\n# FIXME SIGPWR → B\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:136\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B is not in single user mode and receives a powerfail signal \"\n\"(SIGPWR), it reads the file I. It then starts a command \"\n\"based on the contents of this file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Falls B sich nicht im Einzelbenutzermodus befindet, und ein \"\n\"Stromausfallsignal (SIGPWR) empfängt, liest es die Datei I. Anschließend wird ein Befehl anhand des Inhalts der Datei \"\n\"gestartet:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"F(AIL)\"\nmsgstr \"F(EHLSCHLAG)\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:139\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Power is failing, UPS is providing the power. Execute the B and \"\n\"B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Strom fällt aus, die USV versorgt den Rechner mit Strom. Die B- \"\n\"und B-Einträge werden ausgeführt.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:139\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"O(K)\"\nmsgstr \"O(K)\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:141\nmsgid \"The power has been restored, execute the B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Stromkreis wurde wieder geschlossen, die B-Einträge werden \"\n\"ausgeführt.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:141\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"L(OW)\"\nmsgstr \"L(OW/niedrig)\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:144\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The power is failing and the UPS has a low battery. Execute the \"\n\"B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Strom fällt aus und der Ladestand der USV ist niedrig. Die B-\"\n\"Einträge werden ausgeführt.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:148\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I doesn't exist or contains anything else then the \"\n\"letters B, B or B, B will behave as if it has read the letter \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wenn I nicht existiert oder etwas anderes enthält als die \"\n\"Buchstaben B, B oder B, wird B sich so verhalten, als hätte \"\n\"es den Buchstaben B gelesen.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:153\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usage of B and I is discouraged. Someone wanting \"\n\"to interact with B should use the I control channel - \"\n\"see the B(5) manual page for more documentation about this.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Verwendung von B und I werden nicht empfohlen. \"\n\"Wenn etwas mit B interagieren möchte, sollte der Steuerkanal I verwendet werden - lesen Sie die Handbuchseite von B(5), \"\n\"um weitere Dokumentation darüber zu erhalten.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ telinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:165\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is requested to change the runlevel, it sends the warning \"\n\"signal B to all processes that are undefined in the new runlevel. \"\n\"It then waits 3 seconds before forcibly terminating these processes via the \"\n\"B signal. Note that B assumes that all these processes (and \"\n\"their descendants) remain in the same process group which B originally \"\n\"created for them. If any process changes its process group affiliation it \"\n\"will not receive these signals. Such processes need to be terminated \"\n\"separately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Falls B die Aufforderung zum Wechsel des Runlevels erhält, sendet es \"\n\"das Warnsignal B an alle nicht im neuen Runlevel definierten \"\n\"Prozesse. Dann wartet es drei Sekunden bevor es diese Prozesse gewaltsam per \"\n\"Signal B beendet. Beachten Sie, dass B davon ausgeht, dass \"\n\"diese Prozesse (und ihre Unterprozesse) in der gleichen Prozessgruppe \"\n\"verbleiben, die B ursprünglich für sie erstellt hatte. Wenn Prozesse \"\n\"ihre Gruppenzugehörigkeit andern, werden Sie diese Signale nicht empfangen. \"\n\"Solche Prozesse müssen separat beendet werden.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:165\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"TELINIT\"\nmsgstr \"TELINIT\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:170\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is linked to B. It takes a one-character \"\n\"argument and signals B to perform the appropriate action. The \"\n\"following arguments serve as directives to B:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ist mit B verknüpft. Es empfängt Argumente aus \"\n\"einem Buchstaben oder B-Signale, um die zugehörige Aktion \"\n\"durchzuführen. Die folgenden Argumente dienen als Anweisungen für B:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:170\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>, B<1>, B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5> or B<6>\"\nmsgstr \"B<0>, B<1>, B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5> oder B<6>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:172\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to the specified run level.\"\nmsgstr \"B mitteilen, in den angegebenen Runlevel zu schalten.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B,\"\nmsgstr \"B,\"\n\n# FIXME missing whitespace\n# FIXME B → I\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B,B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B mitteilen, nur die Einträge in der Datei B zu \"\n\"verarbeiten, die den Runlevel B, B oder B haben.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B oder B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"B mitteilen, die Datei I erneut zu prüfen.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B oder B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"B mitteilen, in den Einzelbenutzermodus zu wechseln.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B oder B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B mitteilen, sich selbst erneut (unter Beibehalten des Status) \"\n\"auszuführen. Es kommt zu keiner erneuten Ausführung der Datei I. Der Runlevel sollte einer aus B sein, anderenfalls wird \"\n\"die Anfrage stillschweigend ignoriert.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B kann dem B-Prozess mitteilen, wie viel Zeit dieser zwischen \"\n\"dem Senden der Signale B und B warten soll. Die Vorgabe \"\n\"ist drei Sekunden, dies kann aber durch die Option B<-t> geändert werden.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B weist B an, die Umgebung für Prozesse zu ändern, die es \"\n\"erzeugt. Das Argument von B<-e> ist entweder in der Form I=I, was \"\n\"die Variable I auf den Wert I setzt oder in der FormI (ohne \"\n\"Gleichheitszeichen), was die Variable I leert.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B kann nur von Benutzern mit geeigneten Rechten aufgerufen werden.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Das Programm B prüft durch Auswerten der Prozesskennung, ob es B \"\n\"oder B ist. Der echte Prozess von B ist immer B<1>. Daraus \"\n\"folgt, dass jemand anstelle des Aufrufs B auch nur B als \"\n\"Abkürzung benutzen kann.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"UMGEBUNGSVARIABLEN\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"B setzt folgende Umgebungsvariablen für alle seine Kindprozesse:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wie der Name schon sagt. Nützlich, um festzustellen, ob ein Skript direkt \"\n\"von B ausgeführt wird.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"Der aktuelle Runlevel des Systems.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"Der vorherige Runlevel (nützlich nach einer Änderung des Runlevels).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Systemkonsole. Diese wird tatsächlich vom Kernel vererbt; wenn sie \"\n\"jedoch nicht gesetzt ist, wird B sie als Vorgabe auf I \"\n\"setzen.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"BOOTSCHALTER\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Es ist möglich, B eine Reihe von Bootschaltern vom Bootmonitor aus (z.\"\n\"B. LILO oder GRUB) zu übergeben. B akzeptiert folgende Schalter:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s, S, single>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Bootet im Einzelbenutzermodus. In diesem Modus wird zuerst die Datei I untersucht und die »rc«-Startskripte werden ausgeführt, bevor die \"\n\"Einzelbenutzer-Shell gestartet wird.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1-5>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"Runlevel, in den gestartet wird.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-b>, B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Startet direkt in eine Einzelbenutzer-Shell, ohne irgendwelche anderen \"\n\"Startskripte auszuführen.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a>, B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der LILO-Bootloader fügt das Wort »auto« zur Befehlszeile hinzu, wenn der \"\n\"Kernel mit der Standard-Befehlszeile (ohne Eingriff des Anwenders) gestartet \"\n\"wird. Falls dies gefunden wird, setzt B die Umgebungsvariable \"\n\"»AUTOBOOT« auf »yes«. Beachten Sie, dass Sie die nicht für irgendwelche \"\n\"Sicherheitsmaßnahmen verwenden können - selbstverständlich kann der Anwender \"\n\"»auto« oder B<-a> manuell auf der Befehlszeile angeben.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z >I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Das Argument zu B<-z> wird ignoriert. Sie können es benutzen, um die \"\n\"Befehlszeile etwas zu verlängern, damit sie etwas mehr Platz auf dem Stack \"\n\"reserviert. B kann dann die Befehlszeile derart verändern, dass \"\n\"B(1) den aktuellen Runlevel anzeigt.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wenn dieses Argument alleine verwendet wird, zeigt es die aktuelle Version \"\n\"von B auf der Konsole/Standardausgabe an. Dies ist eine schnelle \"\n\"Methode, herauszufinden, welche B-Software und Version verwendet wird. \"\n\"Nachdem die Versionsinformation angezeigt wurde, beendet sich B sofort \"\n\"mit einem Rückgabewert von Null.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"SCHNITTSTELLE\"\n\n# FIXME /dev → I\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B lauscht auf einem I in /dev, I, auf Nachrichten. \"\n\"B benutzt diesen, um mit B zu kommunizieren. Die \"\n\"Schnittstelle ist noch nicht sehr ausführlich dokumentiert oder \"\n\"fertiggestellt. Wer interessiert ist, sollte die Datei I im \"\n\"Unterverzeichnis des B-Quellcode-Tar-Archives studieren.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"SIGNALE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"Init reagiert auf mehrere Signale:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"Hat die gleichen Auswirkungen wie B.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Beim Empfang dieses Signals schließt B seinen Steuerungs-Fifo I und öffnet ihn wieder. Nützlich für Systemstartskripte, wenn I neu eingehängt wird.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n# FIXME shutdown → B(8)\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wenn B B empfängt, schließt B sich und läßt das Steuer-\"\n\"FIFO B geschlossen. Damit können Sie sicherstellen, dass \"\n\"B keine Dateien offen hält. Allerdings hindert es B auch daran, \"\n\"die Runlevel zu ändern. Das bedeutet, dass Befehle wie B(8) nicht \"\n\"mehr funktionieren. Der FIFO kann durch Senden des Signals B an \"\n\"B wieder geöffnet werden.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Normalerweise sendet der Kernel dieses Signal an I, wenn CTRL-ALT-DEL \"\n\"gedrückt wurde. Es aktiviert die Aktion I.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Kernel sendet dieses Signal, falls die I-Taste gedrückt \"\n\"wurde. Es aktiviert die I-Aktion.\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"KONFORM ZU\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ist kompatibel zu System-V-Init. Es arbeitet eng mit den Skripten in \"\n\"den Verzeichnissen I und I zusammen.Falls \"\n\"Ihr System diesem Grundsatz folgt, sollte sich in diesem Verzeichnis eine \"\n\"B-Datei befinden, die erklärt wie diese Skripte funktionieren.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:251\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"DATEIEN\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"WARNUNGEN\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B geht davon aus, dass alle Prozesse und Kindprozesse in der selben \"\n\"Prozessgruppe verbleiben, die ursprünglich für sie eingerichtet wurde. Falls \"\n\"einer dieser Prozesse die Gruppe wechselt, kann B ihn nicht mehr \"\n\"beenden und es kann passieren, dass Sie in einem Zustand landen, in dem zwei \"\n\"Prozesse von einer Terminalzeile Befehle einlesen wollen.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Auf einem Debian-System veranlasst das Eintreten in Runlevel 1, dass alle \"\n\"Prozesse mit Ausnahme von Kernel-Threads und dem Skript, das das Beenden \"\n\"erledigt und andere Prozesse in deren Sitzung, beendet werden. Als \"\n\"Konsequenz davon ist es nicht sicher, von von Runlevel 1 zu einem \"\n\"Mehrbenutzer-Runlevel zurückzukehren: Daemons, die in Runlevel S gestartet \"\n\"wurden und für normale Operationen benötigt werden, laufen nicht länger. Das \"\n\"System sollte neu gestartet werden.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wenn B herausfindet, dass es kontinuierlich einen Eintrag öfter als \"\n\"zehn mal in zwei Minuten neu erzeugt, wird es annehmen, dass ein Fehler in \"\n\"der Befehlszeile vorliegt, eine Fehlermeldung auf der Befehlszeile erzeugen \"\n\"und sich weigern, den Eintrag auszuführen, bis fünf Minuten vergangen sind \"\n\"oder es ein Signal empfängt. Dieses verhindert, dass Systemressourcen \"\n\"verschwendet werden, wenn jemandem ein Tippfehler in I \"\n\"unterläuft oder das zum Eintrag gehörende Programm gelöscht wird.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>, ursprüngliche \"\n\"Handbuchseite von E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITCTL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"13. April 2018\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"Dateiformate\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"In der Handbuchseite von B wurde bis vor kurzem noch empfohlen, dass \"\n\"Benutzer, die verstehen wollen, wie Meldungen an B gesendet werden, \"\n\"doch den Quellcode von I lesen sollten. Dies ist aber nicht wirklich \"\n\"praxisgerecht.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magische Zahl */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* Art der Anfrage */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Ziel-Runlevel */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Zeit zwischen TERM und KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"Der vorherige Runlevel (nützlich nach einer Änderung des Runlevels).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\n\n# FIXME superfluous whitespace\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"INITSCRIPT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"10. Juli 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"initscript - Skript, das Inittab-Befehle ausführt\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript ID Runlevels Aktion Prozess\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wenn das Shell-Skript I existiert, wird es von B \"\n\"verwendet, um Befehle aus I auszuführen. Dieses Skript kann \"\n\"verwendet werden, um für Parameter wie I und I für jeden \"\n\"Prozess Standardwerte festzulegen.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dies ist ein Beispiel, das auf Ihrem System als I \"\n\"installiert werden könnte.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Wird von init(8) für alle Programme, für die\\n\"\n\"# ein Prozess erzeugt werden soll, wie folgt\\n\"\n\"# ausgeführt:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EIDE ELevelE EAktionE EProzessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Umask auf einen sicheren Wert setzen und Speicherauszüge\\n\"\n\"# nach Abstürzen (Core-Dumps) ermöglichen.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Erhöht die absolute Obergrenze (hard limit) für Datei-\\n\"\n\"# deskriptoren pro Prozess auf 8192. Die überschreitbare (weiche,\\n\"\n\"# soft) Grenze ist immer noch 1024. Sie kann aber von jedem un-\\n\"\n\"# privilegierten Prozess mittels »ulimit -Sn xxx« bis zur\\n\"\n\"# Obergrenze heraufgesetzt werden. Dafür ist ein Kernel der\\n\"\n\"# Version 2.2.13 oder höher erforderlich.\\n\"\n\" ulimit-Hn 8192\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# das Programm ausführen\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\n\n# FIXME B → I\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dieses Skript ist nicht als Startup-Skript für Daemonen oder Dienste \"\n\"gemeint. Es hat nichts mit einem Skript im I-Stil zu tun. Es ist \"\n\"nur ein Handler für aus B heraus ausgeführte Arbeiten. Das \"\n\"Experimentieren damit kann bewirken, dass Ihr System nicht (mehr neu) \"\n\"starten kann.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"4. Dezember 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"inittab - Format der Datei inittab für den SysV-kompatiblen Init-Prozess\"\n\n# FIXME file name markup\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Datei B beschreibt, welche Prozesse beim Booten und während des \"\n\"normalen Betriebs gestartet werden (z. B. \\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/\"\n\"rc, gettys …). B(8) unterscheidet mehrere I, von denen jeder \"\n\"einen eigenen Satz von Prozessen umfasst, die gestartet werden. Gültige \"\n\"Runlevel sind B<0>-B<6> plus B, B und B für B-Einträge. \"\n\"Ein Eintrag in der Datei B hat folgendes Format:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"I:I:I:I\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"Zeilen mit einer Raute »#« am Anfang werden ignoriert.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n# Zur Schreibweise: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SysVinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"ist eine eindeutige Folge von 1-4 Zeichen zur Identifikation eines Eintrags \"\n\"in B. (Für Versionen von SysVinit, die mit der I Libc5 \"\n\"(E 5.2.18) oder a.out-Bibliotheken kompiliert wurden, ist das Limit 2 \"\n\"Zeichen).\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Hinweis: Traditionell ist für Getty und andere Anmeldeverfahren der Wert des \"\n\"I-Felds der gleiche wie die Endung des entsprechenden ttys gehalten, z.\"\n\"B. \\\\& B<1> für B. Einige alte Anmeldeabrechnungsprogramme könnten das \"\n\"voraussetzen, obwohl der Verfasser sich keines vorstellen kann.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"listet die Runlevel, für die die angegebene Aktion durchgeführt werden soll.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"beschreibt, was getan werden soll.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:71\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"gibt an, welcher Prozess ausgeführt werden soll. Wenn das Prozess-Feld mit \"\n\"einem »+«-Zeichen beginnt, führt B(8) keine utmp- und wtmp-Abrechnung \"\n\"(accounting) für diesen Prozess. Dies ist für Gettys erforderlich, die \"\n\"darauf bestehen, das selber zu erledigen. Dies ist auch ein historischer \"\n\"Fehler. Die Länge dieses Feldes ist auf 127 Zeichen begrenzt.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Das Feld I kann mehrere Zeichen für verschiedene Runlevel \"\n\"enthalten. Beispielsweise legt B<123> fest, dass der Prozess in den \"\n\"Runleveln 1, 2 und 3 gestartet werden soll. Die Runlevel für B-\"\n\"Einträge können B, B oder B enthalten. Das Feld I der \"\n\"Einträge B, B und B wird ignoriert.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Bei einem Wechsel des Runlevels des Systems werden alle laufenden Prozesse, \"\n\"die nicht im neuen Runlevel laufen sollen, beendet; zuerst mit \\\\s-2SIGTERM\"\n\"\\\\s0, dann mit \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:85\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"Gültige Einträge für das I-Feld sind:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:85\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Prozess wird jedesmal, wenn er terminiert, neu gestartet (z.B. \\\\& \"\n\"getty).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:89\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:95\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Prozess wird einmal beim Eintritt in den Runlevel gestartet und \"\n\"B(8) wartet auf den Abschluss des Prozesses.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:95\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Prozess wird einmal während der Initialisierung des Runlevels ausgeführt.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:100\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Prozess wird ausgeführt, während das System hochfährt. Das Feld \"\n\"I wird ignoriert.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:112\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Prozess läuft während des Systemstarts und B(8) wartet auf seinen \"\n\"Abschluss (z. B.\\\\& /etc/rc). Das Feld I wird ignoriert.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:112\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:116\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"Es wird keine Aktion durchgeführt.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:123\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ein mit B gekennzeichneter Prozess wird jedesmal ausgeführt, wenn \"\n\"das angegebene B-Runlevel aufgerufen wird. Es erfolgt aber kein \"\n\"Wechsel des Runlevels. (Die B-Runlevel sind »a«, »b« und »c«.)\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:123\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ein B-Eintrag legt den Runlevel nach dem Systemstart fest. \"\n\"Fehlt dieser Eintrag, wird B(8) auf der Konsole nach dem Runlevel \"\n\"fragen. Das I-Feld wird ignoriert.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:130\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dieser Prozess läuft beim Systemstart vor den B- und B-\"\n\"Einträgen. Das Feld I wird ignoriert. \"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dieser Prozess wird ausgeführt, wenn die Spannung der Stromversorgung sinkt. \"\n\"B(8) wird üblicherweise von einem Prozess informiert, der mit der USV \"\n\"kommuniziert. B(8) wartet das Ende dieses Prozesses ab, bevor es \"\n\"weiter macht.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:142\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:147\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wie B; B(8) wartet aber nicht auf den Abschluss dieses \"\n\"Prozesses.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:147\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:152\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dieser Prozess wird ausgeführt, sobald B(8) erfährt, dass die \"\n\"Spannungsversorgung wieder normal funktioniert. \"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:152\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:158\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dieser Prozess wird ausgeführt, wenn B(8) erfährt, dass die Batterie \"\n\"der externen USV fast leer ist und ein Stromausfall droht. Voraussetzung ist \"\n\"natürlich, dass USV und Überwachungsprozess diesen Zustand erkennen können.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:158\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:166\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Prozess wird ausgeführt, wenn B(8) das Signal B erhält. \"\n\"Dies bedeutet, dass jemand auf der System-Konsole die Tastenkombination \"\n\"B eingegeben hat. Normalerweise will man eine Art von \"\n\"B ausführen; entweder in den Single-User-Runlevel wechseln oder \"\n\"den Rechner neu starten.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:166\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n# Etwas freier\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:170\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Prozess wird ausgeführt, wenn der Tastatur-Handler B(8) \"\n\"signalisiert, dass auf der Tastatur der Konsole eine bestimmte \"\n\"Tastenkombination eingegeben wurde.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:176\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Dokumentation für diese Funktion ist noch nicht vollständig. Zusätzliche \"\n\"Dokumentation finden Sie in den kbd-x.xx-Paketen (das aktuellste war beim \"\n\"Schreiben dieser Handbuchseite kbd-0.94). Wahrscheinlich möchten Sie der \"\n\"»KeyboardSignal«-Aktion eine Tastenkombinationen zuordnen. Um beispielsweise \"\n\"die Kombination »Alt Aufwärtspfeil« zu verwenden, tragen Sie in Ihre keymaps-\"\n\"Datei ein:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:179\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dies ist ein Beispiel für eine inittab, die der alten Linux-inittab ähnelt:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:197\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# inittab für Linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:202\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Diese inittab-Datei führt beim Systemstart I aus und startet Gettys \"\n\"auf tty1 bis tty4.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:205\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Eine ausgefeiltere B mit verschiedenen Runleveln (siehe die \"\n\"innenstehenden Kommentare):\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:211\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Standard-Runlevel\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Skript für Konfiguration/Initialisierung während\\n\"\n\"# des Systemstarts\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Das läuft im Single-User-Modus.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d führt beim Wechsel des Runlevel die\\n\"\n\"# S- und K-Skripte aus.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 ist Halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 ist der Single-User-Betrieb.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 2-5 sind Mehrbenutzer-Modi.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 ist der Neustart (Reboot).\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:233\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:236\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Was wird beim »Affengriff« getan?\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: Getty auf virtuellen Konsolen\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: Getty auf Terminal (ttyS0) und Modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:255\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:270\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Autor von B(8) ist E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> Diese Handbuchseite wurde von E<.MT lederer@\\\\:francium\"\n\"\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> geschrieben und \"\n\"von E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> Michael Haardt \"\n\"E<.ME> überarbeitet.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:272\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"KILLALL5\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"4. November 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"killall5 - ein Signal an alle Prozesse senden\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"weist B an, Prozesse mit dieser Kennung (PID) zu übergehen.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B kann auch als B(8) aufgerufen werden, welches einfach ein \"\n\"(symbolischer) Link auf das Programm B ist.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Das Programm gibt 0 zurück, wenn Prozesse abgewürgt werden konnten. Es gibt \"\n\"2 zurück, wenn kein Prozess abgewürgt wurde, und 1, wenn keine Prozesse \"\n\"gefunden werden konnten (I fehlt).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST,\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"1\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"31. Juli 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"last, lastb - eine Liste der zuletzt angemeldeten Benutzer anzeigen\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#| \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#| \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/\"\n#| \"or I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#| \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#| \"B is the same as B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B durchsucht die Datei I (oder die durch die Option B<-\"\n\"f> angegebene Datei) rückwärts und zeigt eine Liste aller Benutzer an, die \"\n\"sich seit der Erstellung der Datei angemeldet (und abgemeldet) haben. Einer \"\n\"oder mehrere I und/oder I können angegeben werden, in \"\n\"welchem Fall B nur die Einträge anzeigt, die auf diese Argumente \"\n\"passen. Die Namen der I können abgekürzt werden, daher ist B \"\n\"gleichbedeutend mit B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wenn eine B-Signalerbrechungstastenkombination (üblicherweise mit \"\n\"Strg-C erzeugt) oder ein B-Signal (üblicherweise mit Strg-\\\\e \"\n\"erzeugt) empfangen wird, zeigt B an, wie weit die Suche durch die \"\n\"Datei bereits fortgeschritten ist; im Falle des B-Signals wird \"\n\"B dann beeendet.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Pseudo-Benutzer B meldet sich jedesmal an, wenn das System neu \"\n\"gestartet wird. Daher zeigt B ein Protokoll aller Neustarts \"\n\"seit der Erstellung der Protokolldatei an.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ist gleichbedeutend mit B, außer dass es in der \"\n\"Voreinstellung ein Protokoll aus der Datei I anzeigt, welches \"\n\"die fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldeversuche enthält.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"weist B an, eine spezifische Datei anstelle von I zu \"\n\"verwenden.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"weist B an, wie viele Zeilen es anzeigen soll.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"Das gleiche.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-t> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is useful, e.g., \"\n\"to determine easily who was logged in at a particular time -- specify that \"\n\"time with B<-t> and look for \\\"still logged in\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"zeigt den Status der Anmeldungen zur angegebenen I an. Dies ist \"\n\"beispielsweise nützlich, um zu ermitteln, wer zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt \"\n\"angemeldet war. Geben Sie diese Zeit mit B<-t> an und schauen Sie nach \"\n\"»still logged in«.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-R>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-R>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:84\nmsgid \"Suppresses the display of the hostname field.\"\nmsgstr \"unterdrückt die Ausgabe des Rechnernamenfeldes.\"\n\n#. {{{ -a\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:84 ../logsave.8:40 ../shutdown.8:56\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:87\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next \"\n\"flag.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"zeigt den Rechnernamen in der letzten Spalte an. Dies ist in Kombination mit \"\n\"der nächsten Option nützlich.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:91\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host \"\n\"but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a \"\n\"hostname.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"übersetzt die IP-Nummer zurück in einen Rechnernamen. Bei nichtlokalen \"\n\"Anmeldungen speichert Linux nicht nur den Namen des fernen Rechners, sondern \"\n\"auch dessen IP-Nummer.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:91 ../shutdown.8:91\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-F>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-F>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:93\nmsgid \"Print full login and logout times and dates.\"\nmsgstr \"gibt die vollständigen Zeiten und Daten der An- und Abmeldungen aus.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:96\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option is like B<-d> in that it displays the IP number of the remote \"\n\"host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"entspricht B<-d> insoweit, dass es die IP des fernen Rechners anzeigt, aber \"\n\"in einer Ziffer-Punkt-Notation.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:96\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-l>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option allows the display of usernames longer than 8 characters. This \"\n\"may mess up formatting in some programs and make the output wider than the \"\n\"standard 80 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:100 ../utmpdump.1:33\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:102\nmsgid \"Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"liest eine Wtmp-Datei des alten Typs (von linux-libc5-Anwendungen \"\n\"geschrieben).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:104\nmsgid \"Display full user and domain names in the output.\"\nmsgstr \"zeigt die vollständigen Benutzer- und Domainnamen in der Ausgabe an.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:104 ../mountpoint.1:40 ../pidof.8:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-x>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-x>\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:107\nmsgid \"Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"zeigt die Einträge zum Herunterfahren und zu den Runlevel-Änderungen des \"\n\"Systems an.\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The files I and I might not be found. The system only logs \"\n\"information in these files if they are present. This is a local \"\n\"configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created \"\n\"with a simple B(1) command (for example, B).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Die Dateien I und I könnten nicht gefunden werden. Das System \"\n\"protokolliert nur Informationen in diesen Dateien, wenn diese vorhanden \"\n\"sind. Dies ist ein Problem der lokalen Konfiguration. Wenn Sie diese Dateien \"\n\"verwenden wollen, können sie mit dem einfachen Befehl B(1) angelegt \"\n\"werden (zum Beispiel B).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:116\nmsgid \"/var/log/wtmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/wtmp\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:120\nmsgid \"/var/log/btmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/btmp\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:129\nmsgid \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../logsave.8:5\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LOGSAVE\"\nmsgstr \"LOGSAVE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:8\nmsgid \"logsave - save the output of a command in a logfile\"\nmsgstr \"logsave - die Ausgabe eines Befehls in einer Protokolldatei speichern\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:14\nmsgid \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\nmsgstr \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program will execute I with the specified \"\n\"argument(s), and save a copy of its output to I. If the containing \"\n\"directory for I does not exist, B will accumulate the \"\n\"output in memory until it can be written out. A copy of the output will \"\n\"also be written to standard output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Das Programm B führt den einen I mit den angegebenen \"\n\"Argumenten aus und speichert eine Kopie der Ausgabe in die \"\n\"I. Falls das Verzeichnis für die I nicht \"\n\"existiert, sammelt B die Ausgabe im Speicher, bis die Datei \"\n\"geschrieben werden kann. Außerdem wird eine Kopie der Ausgabe in die \"\n\"Standardausgabe gschrieben.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I is a single hyphen ('-'), then instead of executing a \"\n\"program, B will take its input from standard input and save it in \"\n\"I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Falls das Programm als einzelnes Minuszeichen (»-«) angegeben wird, dann \"\n\"bezieht B seine Eingabe aus der Standardeingabe, anstatt ein \"\n\"Programm auszuführen, und speichert die Ausgabe in der I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:39\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is useful for saving the output of initial boot scripts until the \"\n\"I partition is mounted, so the output can be written to I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B eignet sich zum Speichern der Ausgaben initialer Boot-Skripte, \"\n\"bis die I-Partition eingehängt ist und die Ausgabe in I \"\n\"geschrieben werden kann.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause the output to be appended to I, instead of \"\n\"replacing its current contents.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"bewirkt, dass die Ausgabe an die I angehängt wird, anstatt \"\n\"deren momentanen Inhalt zu ersetzen.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause B to skip writing to the log file text which \"\n\"is bracketed with a control-A (ASCII 001 or Start of Header) and control-B \"\n\"(ASCII 002 or Start of Text). This allows progress bar information to be \"\n\"visible to the user on the console, while not being written to the log file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:58\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will make B to be more verbose in its output to the \"\n\"user.\"\nmsgstr \"bewirkt, dass die Ausgaben von B ausführlicher werden.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:62\nmsgid \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:63\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MESG\"\nmsgstr \"MESG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Feb 26, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"26. Februar 2001\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../readbootlog.1:20 ../utmpdump.1:18\n#: ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"User Commands\"\nmsgstr \"Dienstprogramme für Benutzer\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:27\nmsgid \"mesg - control write access to your terminal\"\nmsgstr \"mesg - den Schreibzugriff auf Ihr Terminal steuern\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:32\nmsgid \"B [B|B]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B|B]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B controls the access to your terminal by others. It's typically used \"\n\"to allow or disallow other users to write to your terminal (see B(1)).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B steuert den Zugriff auf Ihr Terminal durch andere. Es wird \"\n\"üblicherweise dazu verwendet, anderen Benutzern entweder zu gestatten oder \"\n\"zu verbieten, auf Ihr Terminal zu schreiben (siehe B(1)).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:39\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:41\nmsgid \"Allow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"erlaubt den Schreibzugriff auf Ihr Terminal.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:41\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:43\nmsgid \"Disallow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"verbietet den Schreibzugriff auf Ihr Terminal.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no option is given, B prints out the current access state of your \"\n\"terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Falls keine Argumente angegeben sind, zeigt B den aktuellen Status des \"\n\"Zugriffs auf Ihr Terminal an.\"\n\n# FIXME mesg → B\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that its standard input is connected to your terminal. That \"\n\"also means that if you are logged in multiple times, you can get/set the \"\n\"mesg status of other sessions by using redirection. For example \\\"mesg n \"\n\"E /dev/pts/46\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B geht davon aus, dass seine Standardeingabe mit Ihrem Terminal \"\n\"verbunden ist. Das bedeutet auch, falls Sie mehrfach angemeldet sind, den \"\n\"B-Status anderer Sitzungen durch Umleitung abfragen oder setzen \"\n\"können. Zum Beispiel »mesg n E /dev/pts/46«.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:62\nmsgid \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MOUNTPOINT\"\nmsgstr \"MOUNTPOINT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Mar 15, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"15. Mai 2004\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:21\nmsgid \"mountpoint - see if a directory is a mountpoint\"\nmsgstr \"mountpoint - überprüfen, ob ein Verzeichnis ein Einhängepunkt ist\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:26\nmsgid \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:30\nmsgid \"B B<-x> I\"\nmsgstr \"B B<-x> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:32\nmsgid \"B checks if the directory is a mountpoint.\"\nmsgstr \"B überprüft, ob ein Verzeichnis ein Einhängepunkt ist.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mountpoint.1:34 ../pidof.8:60 ../shutdown.8:107\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-q>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-q>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:36\nmsgid \"Be quiet - don't print anything.\"\nmsgstr \"unterdrückt die Ausgaben.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:38\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the filesystem on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"zeigt die Major/Minor-Gerätenummern des Dateisystems in der Standardausgabe \"\n\"an.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Check Linux's I file to try to detect circular mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:42\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the blockdevice on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"zeigt die Major/Minor-Gerätenummer des angegebenen blockorientierten Geräts \"\n\"in der Standardausgabe an.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:44\nmsgid \"Zero if the directory is a mountpoint, non-zero if not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Null, falls das Verzeichnis ein Einhängepunkt ist, nicht Null, wenn nicht.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Symbolic links are not followed, except when the B<-x> option is used. To \"\n\"force following symlinks, add a trailing slash to the path of the directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Symbolischen Links wird nur gefolgt, wenn die Option B<-x> angegeben wird. \"\n\"Um das Verfolgen von symbolischen Links zu erzwingen, hängen Sie einen \"\n\"Schrägstrich an den Pfad zum Verzeichnis an.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:52\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The name of the command is misleading when the B<-x> option is used, but the \"\n\"option is useful for comparing if a directory and a device match up, and \"\n\"there is no other command that can print the info easily.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Der Name des Befehls ist irreführend, wenn die Option B<-x> verwendet wird, \"\n\"aber diese Option ist nützlich beim Vergleichen, ob ein Verzeichnis und ein \"\n\"Gerät zusammengehören. Es gibt keinen anderen Befehl, der dies so einfach \"\n\"ausgeben kann.\"\n\n# FIXME mountpoint → B\n# FIXME binded → bind-mounted\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The mountpoint command fails when a directory is binded to one of its \"\n\"grandparents. For example, if /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then \"\n\"mountpoint will report /a/b/c/d is not a valid mount point. This is because \"\n\"both the original directory and its new mount point share the same inode and \"\n\"device number.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The circular mount problem can be worked around on Linux systems by using \"\n\"theB<-p> flag to check the I file for references to the \"\n\"circular mount bind. When using the B<-p> flag, make sure to specify the \"\n\"full path (ie I and not just I). Also, B may \"\n\"still fail if there are spaces in the mount point's path, even when using \"\n\"the B<-p> flag because of the way B mangles the spaces in the \"\n\"path name. Of course, if the admin is using circular mount points with \"\n\"spaces in the name, there are bigger concerns.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:71\nmsgid \"B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"PIDOF\"\nmsgstr \"PIDOF\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"01 Sep 1998\"\nmsgstr \"1. September 1998\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:21\nmsgid \"pidof - find the process ID of a running program\"\nmsgstr \"pidof - die Prozesskennung eines laufenden Programms finden\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> I] I \"\n\"[I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> \"\n\"I] I [I]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B finds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs. It prints \"\n\"those id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems used in \"\n\"run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a I like \"\n\"I structure. In that case these scripts are located in I, \"\n\"where ? is the runlevel. If the system has a B(8) program \"\n\"that should be used instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:47\nmsgid \"Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:51\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Only return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory. \"\n\"This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check \"\n\"the current root directory of processes they do not own.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:60\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Avoid B(2) system function call on all binaries which are located on \"\n\"network based file systems like B. Instead of using this option the \"\n\"variable B may be set and exported.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Do not display matched PIDs to standard out. Simply exit with a status of \"\n\"true or false to indicate whether a matching PID was found.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of shells \"\n\"running the named scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:66\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:73\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Try to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z) status. Usually these \"\n\"processes are skipped as trying to deal with them can cause pidof or related \"\n\"tools to hang. Note: In the past pidof would ignore processes in the \"\n\"uninterruptable state (D), unless the B<-z> flag was specified. This is no \"\n\"longer the case. The B program will find and report processes in the \"\n\"D state whether B<-z> is specified or not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-d I\"\nmsgstr \"-d I\"\n\n# FIXME I → B\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:76\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to use I as an output separator if more than one PID is \"\n\"shown. The default separator is a space.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"weist B an, den angegebenen I für die Ausgabe zu verwenden, \"\n\"falls mehr als eine PID angezeigt wird. Der vorgegebene Trenner ist ein \"\n\"Leerzeichen.\"\n\n# FIXME -o → B<-o>\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:76\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-o I\"\nmsgstr \"-o I\"\n\n# FIXME I → B\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:80\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to omit processes with that process id. The special pid B<\"\n\"%PPID> can be used to name the parent process of the B program, in \"\n\"other words the calling shell or shell script.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"weist B an, Prozesse mit dieser Kennung (PID) zu übergehen. Mit der \"\n\"speziellen PID B<%PPID> können Sie den Namen des Elternprozesses des \"\n\"Programms B benennen, mit anderen Worten, die aufrufende Shell oder \"\n\"das Shell-Skript.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:81\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>\"\nmsgstr \"B<0>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:84\nmsgid \"At least one program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"Es wurde mindestens ein Programm mit dem angegebenen Namen gefunden.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:84\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:87\nmsgid \"No program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"Es wurde kein Programm mit dem angegebenen Namen gefunden.\"\n\n# FIXME I → B\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"I is actually the same program as B(8); the program behaves \"\n\"according to the name under which it is called.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ist eigentlich das gleiche Programm wie B(8). Das \"\n\"Programm verhält sich nur unterschiedlich, je nachdem, unter welchem Namen \"\n\"es aufgerufen wird.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is invoked with a full pathname to the program it should find \"\n\"the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible that it returns \"\n\"PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name as the program \"\n\"you're after but are actually other programs. Note that the executable name \"\n\"of running processes is calculated with B(2), so symbolic links to \"\n\"executables will also match.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Zombie processes or processes in disk sleep (states Z and D, respectively) \"\n\"are ignored, as attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail. \"\n\"The B<-z> flag (see above) tells B to try to detect these sleeping \"\n\"and zombie processes, at the risk of failing or hanging.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:110\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"READBOOTLOG\"\nmsgstr \"READBOOTLOG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOV 12, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"12. November 2018\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"readbootlog - show contents of the boot log, stripping away control \"\n\"characters\"\nmsgstr \"readbootlog - Inhalt des Bootprotokolls ohne Steuerzeichen anzeigen\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:31\nmsgid \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is a tool for reading the boot log (by default I). The program strips away control characters and non-human readable \"\n\"contents from the log file. Output is dumped to the terminal where it can be \"\n\"piped or redirected to a file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:48\nmsgid \"Displays a brief help message.\"\nmsgstr \"zeigt eine kurze Hilfemeldung an.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52\nmsgid \"/var/log/boot\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/boot\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:59\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVEL\"\nmsgstr \"RUNLEVEL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 27, 1997\"\nmsgstr \"27. Mai 1997\"\n\n# FIXME -- → -\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:21\nmsgid \"runlevel - find the previous and current system runlevel\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"runlevel - den vorhergehenden und aktuellen Runlevel des Systems ausgeben\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:24\nmsgid \"B [I]\"\nmsgstr \"B [I]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B reads the system I file (typically I) to \"\n\"locate the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system \"\n\"runlevel on its standard output, separated by a single space. If there is no \"\n\"previous system runlevel, the letter B will be printed instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B liest die I-Datei des Systems (typischerweise I), um den Runlevel zu ermitteln und dann den vorherigen und aktuellen \"\n\"Runlevel, durch ein einzelnes Leerzeichen getrennt, in die Standardausgabe \"\n\"zu schreiben. Gibt es keinen vorherigen Runlevel, wird stattdessen der \"\n\"Buchstabe B ausgegeben.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no I file exists, and if no runlevel record can be found in the I file, B prints the word B and exits \"\n\"with an error.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Falls keine I-Datei existiert und kein Runlevel in der Datei I vermerkt ist, gibt B das Wort B aus und \"\n\"beendet sich mit einem Fehler.\"\n\n# FIXME B → B\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:49\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can be used in I scripts as a substitute for the System-V \"\n\"B command. However, in newer versions of B(8) this \"\n\"information is also available in the environment variables B and \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B kann in I-Skripten als Ersatz für den System-V-Befehl B verwendet werden. Allerdings steht diese Information in neueren Versionen \"\n\"von B(8) in den Umgebungsvariablen B und B zur \"\n\"Verfügung.\"\n\n#. {{{ utmp\n#. type: IP\n#: ../runlevel.8:51\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:54\nmsgid \"The name of the I file to read.\"\nmsgstr \"gibt den Namen der zu lesenden I-Datei an.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:57\nmsgid \"B(8), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SHUTDOWN\"\nmsgstr \"SHUTDOWN\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"November 12, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"12. November 2003\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:27\nmsgid \"shutdown - bring the system down\"\nmsgstr \"shutdown - das System herunterfahren\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-akrhPHfFncqQ>] [B<-t> I] I,B,B\"\n#~ msgstr \"B,B,B\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Jesse Smith Ejsmith@resonatingmedia.comE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Jesse Smith Ejsmith@resonatingmedia.comE\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n# FIXME missing whitespace\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"LAST,LASTB\"\n#~ msgstr \"LAST, LASTB\"\n\n# FIXME unused variables\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"@E2FSPROGS_MONTH@ @E2FSPROGS_YEAR@\"\n#~ msgstr \"@E2FSPROGS_MONTH@ @E2FSPROGS_YEAR@\"\n\n# FIXME unused variables\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"E2fsprogs version @E2FSPROGS_VERSION@\"\n#~ msgstr \"E2fsprogs Version @E2FSPROGS_VERSION@\"\n\n# FIXMe missing markup\n#~ msgid \"Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu)\"\n#~ msgstr \"Theodore Ts'o Etytso@mit.eduE\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"Linux User's Manual\"\n#~ msgstr \"Linux-Benutzerhandbuch\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl)\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-s\"\n#~ msgstr \"-s\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-c\"\n#~ msgstr \"-c\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-n\"\n#~ msgstr \"-n\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-q\"\n#~ msgstr \"-q\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-x\"\n#~ msgstr \"-x\"\n\n# FIXME missing markup\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-z\"\n#~ msgstr \"-z\"\n\n# FIXME markup file name\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"B looks for the environment variable B or B \"\n#~| \"to determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not \"\n#~| \"set, it will try to execute root's shell from I. If that \"\n#~| \"fails, it will fall back to I.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"I looks for the environment variable B or B to \"\n#~ \"determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not set, it \"\n#~ \"will try to execute root's shell from /etc/passwd. If that fails it will \"\n#~ \"fall back to B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B schaut nach der Umgebungsvariable B oder B, \"\n#~ \"um zu bestimmen, welche Shell gestartet werden soll. Falls die \"\n#~ \"Umgebungsvariable nicht gesetzt ist, versucht es, die Shell des Root-\"\n#~ \"Benutzers aus I zu starten. Falls dies fehlschlägt, fällt es \"\n#~ \"auf I zurück.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 249\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 249\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"halt\"\n#~ msgstr \"halt\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [OPTIONEN…]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [OPTIONEN…]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [OPTIONEN…]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"B, B, B may be used to halt, power-off, or reboot \"\n#~ \"the machine\\\\&. All three commands take the same options\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B, B, B kann zum Herunterfahren, Ausschalten oder \"\n#~ \"Neustarten der Maschine verwandt werden\\\\&. Alle drei Befehle akzeptieren \"\n#~ \"die gleichen Optionen\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"The following options are understood:\"\n#~ msgstr \"Die folgenden Optionen werden verstanden:\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--help>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--help>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Print a short help text and exit\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"Zeigt einen kurzen Hilfetext an und beendet das Programm\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--halt>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--halt>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Halt the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is invoked\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Die Maschine anhalten, unabhängig davon, welcher der drei Befehle \"\n#~ \"aufgerufen wurde\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Power-off the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is \"\n#~ \"invoked\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Die Maschine ausschalten, unabhängig davon, welcher der drei Befehle \"\n#~ \"aufgerufen wurde\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--reboot>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--reboot>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Reboot the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is \"\n#~ \"invoked\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Die Maschine neustarten, unabhängig davon, welcher der drei Befehle \"\n#~ \"aufgerufen wurde\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Force immediate halt, power-off, or reboot\\\\&. When specified once, this \"\n#~ \"results in an immediate but clean shutdown by the system manager\\\\&. When \"\n#~ \"specified twice, this results in an immediate shutdown without contacting \"\n#~ \"the system manager\\\\&. See the description of B<--force> in \"\n#~ \"B(1) for more details\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Erzwingt sofortiges Anhalten, Ausschalten oder Neustarten\\\\&. Wird dies \"\n#~ \"einmal angegeben, führt dies zu einem sofortigen aber sauberen \"\n#~ \"Herunterfahren durch den Systemverwalter\\\\&. Bei doppelter Angabe führt \"\n#~ \"dies zu einem sofortigen Herunterfahren ohne Kontakt zum Diensteverwalter\"\n#~ \"\\\\&. Lesen Sie die Beschreibung von B<--force> in B(1) für \"\n#~ \"weitere Details\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Only write wtmp shutdown entry, do not actually halt, power-off, reboot\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Nur einen Wtmp-Herunterfahreintrag schreiben, nicht tatsächlich die \"\n#~ \"Maschine anhalten, ausschalten oder neustarten\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Don\\\\*(Aqt sync hard disks/storage media before halt, power-off, reboot\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Die Festplatte/das Speichermedium nicht vor dem Herunterfahren, \"\n#~ \"Ausschalten oder Neustarten synchronisieren\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--no-wall>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--no-wall>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Do not send wall message before halt, power-off, reboot\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Keine Wall-Nachrichten vor dem Anhalten, Herunterfahren oder Neustarten \"\n#~ \"senden\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Bei Erfolg wird 0 zurückgegeben, anderenfalls ein Fehlercode ungleich Null\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"These commands are implemented in a way that preserves basic \"\n#~ \"compatibility with the original SysV commands\\\\&. B(1) verbs \"\n#~ \"B, B, B provide the same functionality with some \"\n#~ \"additional features\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Diese Befehle sind auf eine Art implementiert, die die grundlegende \"\n#~ \"Kompatibilität zu den ursprünglichen SysV-Befehlen erhalten\\\\&. Die \"\n#~ \"Unterbefehle B, B, B von B(1) stellen \"\n#~ \"die gleichen Funktionalitäten mit zusätzlichen Funktionen bereit\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Note that on many SysV systems B used to be synonymous to \"\n#~ \"B, i\\\\&.e\\\\&. both commands would equally result in powering \"\n#~ \"the machine off\\\\&. systemd is more accurate here, and B results in \"\n#~ \"halting the machine only (leaving power on), and B is required \"\n#~ \"to actually power it off\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Beachten Sie, dass viele SysV-Systeme B als Synonym zu B \"\n#~ \"verwendet haben, das heißt, dass beide Befehle gleichermaßen ein \"\n#~ \"Ausschalten des Systems bewirken würden\\\\&. Systemd ist hier genauer: \"\n#~ \"B bewirkt nur ein Anhalten der Maschine (die eingeschaltet bleibt) \"\n#~ \"und B ist nötig, um sie tatsächlich auszuschalten\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n#~ msgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 250\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 250\"\n\n# FIXME: somesuch sounds strange\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or somesuch. It \"\n#~ \"has nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler \"\n#~ \"for things executed from B. Experimenting with this can \"\n#~ \"make your system un(re)bootable.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Dieses Skript ist nicht als Startup-Skript für Daemonen oder so etwas \"\n#~ \"gemeint. Es hat nichts mit einem Skript im I-Stil zu tun. Es \"\n#~ \"ist nur ein Handler für aus B heraus ausgeführte Arbeiten. \"\n#~ \"Das Experimentieren damit kann bewirken, dass Ihr System nicht (mehr neu) \"\n#~ \"starten kann.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"2021-06-02\"\n#~ msgstr \"2. Juni 2021\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n#~ msgstr \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [Optionen] [I…] [I…]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [Optionen] [I…] [I…]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#~ \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#~ \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/or \"\n#~ \"I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#~ \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#~ \"B is the same as B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B durchsucht die Datei I (oder die durch die Option \"\n#~ \"B<-f> angegebene Datei) rückwärts und zeigt eine Liste aller Benutzer an, \"\n#~ \"die sich seit der Erstellung der Datei angemeldet (und abgemeldet) haben. \"\n#~ \"Einer oder mehrere I und/oder I können angegeben \"\n#~ \"werden, in welchem Fall B nur die Einträge anzeigt, die auf diese \"\n#~ \"Argumente passen. Die Namen der I können abgekürzt werden, daher \"\n#~ \"ist B gleichbedeutend mit B.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"When catching a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#~ \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has searched \"\n#~ \"through the file; in the case of the B signal B will then \"\n#~ \"terminate.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Wenn eine B-Signalunterbrechungstastenkombination (üblicherweise \"\n#~ \"mit Strg-C erzeugt) oder ein B-Signal empfangen wird, zeigt \"\n#~ \"B an, wie weit die Suche durch die Datei bereits fortgeschritten \"\n#~ \"ist; im Falle des B-Signals wird B dann beeendet.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n#~ \"B will show a log of all the reboots since the log file was \"\n#~ \"created.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Der Pseudo-Benutzer B meldet sich jedesmal an, wenn das System \"\n#~ \"neu gestartet wird. Daher zeigt B ein Protokoll aller \"\n#~ \"Neustarts seit der Erstellung der Protokolldatei an.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Tell B to use a specific I instead of I. The \"\n#~ \"B<--file> option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified \"\n#~ \"files will be processed.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"weist B an, eine bestimmte I anstelle von I \"\n#~ \"zu verwenden. Die Option B<--file> kann mehrfach angegeben werden, \"\n#~ \"wodurch alle angegebenen Dateien verarbeitet werden.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n\n# Müsste das nicht eigentlich IP-Adresse heißen?\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Like B<--dns ,> but displays the host\\\\(cqs IP number instead of the name.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"wie B<--dns>, zeigt aber die IP-Adresse des Rechners anstelle des Namens \"\n#~ \"an.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<->I; B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<->I; B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--present> I,B,B\"\nmsgid \"B, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"B,B,B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n#| \"runlevel B,B or B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"indica a B que procese solo las entradas del fichero B \"\n\"que tengan nivel de ejecución B,B o B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B o B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"indica a B que re-examine el fichero I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B o B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"indica a B que cambie a modo monousuario.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B o B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"indica a B que reejecute él mismo (guardando el estado). No re-\"\n\"examining el fichero I. El nivel de ejecución debería ser uno \"\n\"de B, en otro caso la solicitud sería ignorada silenciosamente.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ptambién puede decir a B cuanto esperará entre los envíos a \"\n\"los procesos de las señales B y B. El valor por defecto \"\n\"es is 3 segundos, pero se puede cambiar con la opción B<-t>.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B solo se puede llamar por usuarios con los privilegios apropiados.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El binario B comprueba si es B o B mirando a su I; el id del proceso B real es siempre B<1>. De esto podemos \"\n\"concluir que en lugar de llamar a B se puede usar B en su \"\n\"lugar como abreviatura.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"ENTORNO\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"B fija las siguientes variables de entorno para todos sus hijos:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Como el nombre dice. Útil para determinar si un guión corre directamente de \"\n\"B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"El nivel actual de ejecución del sistema.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"El nivel de ejecución previo (útil tras un cambio de nivel).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"La consola del sistema. Esto realmente es heredado del núcleo; sin embargo \"\n\"si no está fijado B lo pondrá como I por defecto.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"BANDERAS DE CARGA\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Es posible pasar un número de banderas a B desde el monitor de \"\n\"arranque (v.g. LILO o GRUB). B acepta las siguientes banderas:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s, S, single>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Arranque en modo monousuario. En este modo I se examina y los \"\n\"guiones de carga rc normalmente se ejecutan antes de que la shell del modo \"\n\"monousuario se inicie.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1-5>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"Nivel de ejecución en el que arrancar.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-b, emergency>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Carga directamente en una shell monousuario sin ejecutar cualquier otro \"\n\"guion de inicio.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a, auto>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z >I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"INTERFAZ\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B escucha en un I en /dev, I, los mensajes. \"\n\"B usa esto para comunicar con B. La interfaz no está muy bien \"\n\"documentada o acabada. Quienes estén interesados debería estudiar el fichero \"\n\"I del subdirectorio I del código fuente de B.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"SEÑALES\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"Init reacciona ante diversas señales:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Al recibir esta señal, B cierra y reabre su fifo de de control B. Ess útil para los guiones de arranque cuando se vuelve a montar \"\n\"I.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Normalmente el núcleo envía esta señal a B cuando se pulsa CTRL-ALT-\"\n\"SUPR. Esto activa la acción I.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El núcleo envía esta señal cuado se pulsa la tecla I. \"\n\"Activa la acción I.\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"CONFORME A\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B es compatible con el init System V init. Funciona junto a los \"\n\"guiones de lso directorios I y I. Si su \"\n\"sistema usa esta convención, debería haber un fichero I en el \"\n\"directorio I que explica como funcionan estos guiones.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"ARCHIVOS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"AVISOS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B supone que procesos y descendientes de procesos permanecen en el \"\n\"mismo grupo de procesos que se creó originalmente para ellos. Si los \"\n\"procesos cambian su grupo B no puede matarlos y v.d. puede acabar con \"\n\"dos procesos leyendo de una línea del terminal.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Si B encuantra que está levantando continuamente una entrada, más de \"\n\"10 veces en dos minutos, supondrá que es un error en la cedena del mandato, \"\n\"genera un mensaje de error en la consola del sistema y rehusa levantar esta \"\n\"entrada hasta que hayan pasado 5 minutos o recibas una señal. Esto no \"\n\"previene de que se coma los recursos del sistema cuando alguien comete un \"\n\"error tipográfico en el fichero I o en el programa para el que \"\n\"se elimina la entrada.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>, página de \"\n\"manual inicial por E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITCTL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"13 de abril de 2018\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"El nivel de ejecución previo (útil tras un cambio de nivel).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"INITSCRIPT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"10 de julio de 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"initscript - guión que ejecuta órdenes inittab\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id niveles_de_ejecucion acción proceso\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Cuando el guión de entorno I existe, B lo usará para \"\n\"ejecutar órdenes para I. Este guión puede ser usado para cosas \"\n\"como, por ejemplo, colocar los valores por defecto I y I para \"\n\"cada proceso.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este es un ejemplo de initscript, que se podría instalar en tu sistema como \"\n\"I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Ejecutado por init(8) para cada programa,\\n\"\n\"# requiere un formato como el siguiente\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE EnivelE EacciónE EprocesoE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Colocamos umask para salvar el nivel, y permitir volcados de\\n\"\n\" # memoria.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Ejecutamos el programa.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"4 de diciembre de 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"inittab - formato del fichero inittab usado por el proceso init compatible \"\n\"SysV\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El fichero B describe qué procesos se inician en la carga y durante \"\n\"la operación normal (por ejemplo, \\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distingue múltiples I, cada \"\n\"uno de los cuales puede tener su propio conjunto de procesos que se inician. \"\n\"Los niveles de ejecución válidos son B<0>-B<6> más B, B y B para \"\n\"entradas B. Una entrada del fichero B tiene el \"\n\"siguiente formato:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"I:I:I:I\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"Las líneas que comienzan con `#' se ignoran.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n#| \"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with libraries E 5.2.18 \"\n#| \"or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"es una secuencia única de 1 a 4 caracteres que identifican una entrada de \"\n\"B (para las versiones de sysvinit compiladas con bibliotecas E \"\n\"5.2.18 o bibliotecas a.out el límite es de 2 caracteres).\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"Note: For gettys or other login processes, the I field should be the \"\n#| \"tty suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& B<1> for B. \"\n#| \"Otherwise, the login accounting might not work correctly.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Nota: Para gettys u otros procesos de presentación al sistema, el campo \"\n\"I debería de ser el sufijo tty de la correspondiente tty, por ejemplo, \"\n\"\\\\& B<1> para B. En otro caso, las contabilidades de conexiones puede \"\n\"que no funcionen correctamente.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"es la lista de niveles de ejecución para lo cuales se llevarán a cabo las \"\n\"acciones especificadas.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"describe qué acción se debería llevar a cabo.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a \"\n#| \"`+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n#| \"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/\"\n#| \"wtmp housekeeping. This is also a historic bug.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"especifica el proceso a ejecutar. Si el campo proceso comienza con un \"\n\"carácter `+', B no registrará utmp y wtmp para ese proceso. Esto es \"\n\"necesario para gettys que insisten en hacer sus propias labores de utmp/\"\n\"wtmp. Esto es también un fallo histórico.\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El campo I tiene que contener múltiples caracteres para \"\n\"diferente niveles de ejecución. Por ejemplo, B<123> especifica que el \"\n\"proceso se debería iniciar en los niveles de ejecución 1, 2 y 3. Las \"\n\"entrada de I B pueden contener una B, \"\n\"B, o B. Las entradas de campos de I de B, \"\n\"B y B se ignoran.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Cuando se cambia un nivel de ejecución, cualesquiera procesos en ejecución \"\n\"que no estén especificados en el nuevo nivel de ejecución se matan, primero \"\n\"con \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0 y después con \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"Acciones válidas para el campo I son:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"El proceso se reiniciará cuando termine (v.g.\\\\& getty).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se iniciará una vez cuando se entre en el nivel de ejecución \"\n\"específico e B esperará a su terminación.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará una vez cuando se entre en el nivel de ejecución \"\n\"especificado.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará durante el arranque del sistema. El campo The \"\n\"I se ignora.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará durante el arranque del sistema, mientras B \"\n\"espera su terminación (v.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). El campo I se \"\n\"ignora.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"Esto no hace nada.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Un proceso marcado con un nivel de ejecución B se ejecutará cuando \"\n\"se llame al nivel de ejecución especificado B. Sin embargo, no se \"\n\"produce cambio de nivel de ejecución (los niveles de ejecución B \"\n\"son `a', `b', y `c').\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Una entrada B especifica el nivel de ejecución en el cual se \"\n\"entrará tras el arranque del sistema. Si no existe ninguno, B pedirá \"\n\"un nivel de ejecución en la consola. El campo I se ignora.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará durante el arranque del sistema. Se ejecutará antes \"\n\"de cualquier entrada B o B< bootwait>. El campo I \"\n\"se ignora.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará cuando B reciba la señal SIGPWR, indicando que \"\n\"hay algún problema con la alimentación eléctrica. B esperará que el \"\n\"proceso termine antes de continuar.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Como en B, excepto que B no espera que el proceso se \"\n\"complete.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, fuzzy\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará cuando B reciba la señal SIGPWR, con la \"\n\"condición de que haya un fichero llamado B que contenga la \"\n\"palabra B. Esto significa que la alimentación eléctrica ha vuelto.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Como en B, excepto que B no espera que el proceso se \"\n\"complete.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará cuando B reciba la señal B. Esto \"\n\"significa que alguien en la consola del sistema ha pulsado la combinación de \"\n\"teclas B . Normalmente uno quiere ejecutar algún tipo de \"\n\"B bien para entrar en modo monousuario o reiniciar la máquina.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El proceso se ejecutará cuando B reciba una señal del gestor de \"\n\"teclado que se ha pulsado una combinación especial de teclas en el teclado \"\n\"de la consola.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"La documentación para esta función no está completa aun; se puede encontrar \"\n\"más documentación en los paquetes kbd-x.xx (el mas reciente era kbd-0.94 en \"\n\"el momento de escribir esto). Básicamente quiere aplicar alguna combinación \"\n\"de teclado a la acción \\\"KeyboardSignal\\\". Por ejemplo, para aplicar Alt-\"\n\"FlechaArriba para este propósito use lo siguiente en su fichero keymap:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Esto es un ejemplo de un inittab que reensambla el viejo inittab de Linux:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# inittab para linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este fichero inittab ejecuta I durante el arranque e inicia gettys \"\n\"en tty1-tty4.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Un B más elaborado con diferentes niveles de ejecución (vea los \"\n\"comentarios interiores):\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Nivel para ejecutar\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"# System initialization before anything else.\\n\"\n#| \"si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/bcheckrc\\n\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Inicialización del sistema antes de cualquier otra cosa.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/bcheckrc\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Qué hacer ante el \\\"saludo de 3 dedos\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"# Runlevel 2&3: getty on console, level 3 also getty on modem port.\\n\"\n#| \"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"S2:3:respawn:/sbin/uugetty ttyS2 M19200\\n\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Nivel de ejecución 2&3: getty en consola, nivel 3 también getty \\n\"\n\"# en el puerto del módem.\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S2:3:respawn:/sbin/uugetty ttyS2 M19200\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B fue escrito por E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> Esta página de manual fue escrita por E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> y \"\n\"modificada por E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"KILLALL5\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"4 de Noviembre de 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"killall5 - envía una señal a todos los procesos\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B is the SystemV killall command. It sends a signal to all \"\n#| \"processes except the processes in its own session, so it won't kill the \"\n#| \"shell that is running the script it was called from. Its primary (only) \"\n#| \"use is in the B scripts found in the /etc/init.d directory.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B es la orden killall de SystemV. Envía una señal a todos los \"\n\"procesos excepto al de su propia sesión, para no eliminar el shell que \"\n\"ejecutó el guión desde el que fue llamado. Su uso principal (único) es en el \"\n\"guión B que se encuentra en el directorio /etc/init.d\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"-o I\"\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"-o I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST,\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"1\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"31 de julio de 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"last, lastb - muestra los usuarios que han accedido al sistema\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#| \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#| \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/\"\n#| \"or I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#| \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#| \"B is the same as B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B analiza el contenido del archivo I (o el que se haya \"\n\"indicada mediante la opción B<-f>) y muestra un listado con los usuarios \"\n\"conectados (y desconectados) desde la creación de dicho archivo. Es posible \"\n\"indicar uno o más I y/o I, en cuyo caso solo se \"\n\"mostrarán las entradas que coincidan con éstos patrones. También cabe la \"\n\"posibilidad de abreviar los nombres de los I, por ejemplo B es \"\n\"lo mismo que B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"When catching a SIGINT signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#| \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has searched \"\n#| \"through the file; in the case of the SIGINT signal B will then \"\n#| \"terminate.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Si B recibe una señal SIGINT (creada por una solicitud de \"\n\"interrupción, generalmente con Control-C) o SIGQUIT; se mostrará en qué \"\n\"punto estaba el análisis. En el caso de haber recibido la señal SIGINT, el \"\n\"proceso finalizará.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"El pseudo-usuario B accede al sistema cada vez que se reinicia el \"\n\"equipo, por lo tanto B mostrará una lista de todos los \"\n\"reinicios desde la creación del archivo.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B es idéntico a B salvo que analiza por defecto el archivo I que muestra los intentos de acceso fallidos.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"Tell B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"Indica a B el número de líneas que debe mostrar.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"Display the state of logins since the specified I,\"\n#~ msgstr \"B,\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"fstab-decode\"\n#~ msgstr \"fstab-decode\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~| msgid \"LAST, LASTB\"\n#~ msgid \"LAST,LASTB\"\n#~ msgstr \"LAST, LASTB\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~| msgid \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n#~ msgid \"Linux User's Manual\"\n#~ msgstr \"Manual del Administrador del Sistema Linux\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl)\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-s\"\n#~ msgstr \"-s\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-c\"\n#~ msgstr \"-c\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-n\"\n#~ msgstr \"-n\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-q\"\n#~ msgstr \"-q\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-x\"\n#~ msgstr \"-x\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-z\"\n#~ msgstr \"-z\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"B looks for the environment variable B or B \"\n#~| \"to determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not \"\n#~| \"set, it will try to execute root's shell from I. If that \"\n#~| \"fails, it will fall back to I.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"I looks for the environment variable B or B to \"\n#~ \"determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not set, it \"\n#~ \"will try to execute root's shell from /etc/passwd. If that fails it will \"\n#~ \"fall back to B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B busca la variable de entorno B o B para \"\n#~ \"saber que entorno debe comenzar. Si la variable de entorno no está \"\n#~ \"puesta, probará a ejecutar el entorno del root desde I. Si \"\n#~ \"falla retrocederá a I.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 249\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 249\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"halt\"\n#~ msgstr \"halt\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [OPCIONES...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [OPCIONES...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [OPCIONES...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--help>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--help>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Print a short help text and exit\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"Mostrar texto de ayuda y finalizar\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--halt>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--halt>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--reboot>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--reboot>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--no-wall>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--no-wall>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"En caso de éxito se devuelve 0, en caso contrario un código de fallo \"\n#~ \"diferente de cero\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n#~ msgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 250\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 249\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"2021-06-02\"\n#~ msgstr \"2 Junio 2021\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n#~ msgstr \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [opciones] [I...] [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [opciones] [I...] [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#~ \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#~ \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/or \"\n#~ \"I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#~ \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#~ \"B is the same as B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B analiza el contenido del archivo I (o el que se \"\n#~ \"haya indicada mediante la opción B<-f>) y muestra un listado con los \"\n#~ \"usuarios conectados (y desconectados) desde la creación de dicho archivo. \"\n#~ \"Es posible indicar uno o más I y/o I, en cuyo \"\n#~ \"caso solo se mostrarán las entradas que coincidan con éstos patrones. \"\n#~ \"También cabe la posibilidad de abreviar los nombres de los I, por \"\n#~ \"ejemplo B es lo mismo que B.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"When catching a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#~ \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has searched \"\n#~ \"through the file; in the case of the B signal B will then \"\n#~ \"terminate.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Si B recibe una señal B (creada por una solicitud de \"\n#~ \"interrupción, generalmente con Control-C) o SIGQUIT; se mostrará en qué \"\n#~ \"punto estaba el análisis. En el caso de haber recibido la señal \"\n#~ \"B, el proceso finalizará.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n#~ \"B will show a log of all the reboots since the log file was \"\n#~ \"created.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"El pseudo-usuario B accede al sistema cada vez que se reinicia el \"\n#~ \"equipo, por lo tanto B mostrará una lista de todos los \"\n#~ \"reinicios desde la creación del archivo.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-a>,B< --hostlast>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>,B< --dns>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Tell B to use a specific I instead of I. The \"\n#~ \"B<--file> option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified \"\n#~ \"files will be processed.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Indica a B que debe usar el I indicado en lugar de I. Es posible indicar varios archivos usando varias veces la \"\n#~ \"opción B<--file>, procesándose así todos los archivos indicados.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-F>,B< --fulltimes>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-i>,B< --ip>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Like B<--dns ,> but displays the host\\\\(cqs IP number instead of the name.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Igual que B<--dns>, pero muestra la dirección IP del equipo en lugar de \"\n#~ \"su nombre.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<->I; B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<->I; B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--present> I, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B tai B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B tai B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B tai B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"YMPÄRISTÖ\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s, S, single>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1-5>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-b, emergency>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a, auto>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z >I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"TIEDOSTOT\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITCTL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"13. huhtikuuta 2018\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"INITSCRIPT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"10. heinäkuuta 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"4. joulukuuta 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"KILLALL5\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"4. marraskuuta 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST,\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"1\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"31. heinäkuuta 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is useful, e.g., \"\n\"to determine easily who was logged in at a particular time -- specify that \"\n\"time with B<-t> and look for \\\"still logged in\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-R>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-R>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:84\nmsgid \"Suppresses the display of the hostname field.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ -a\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:84 ../logsave.8:40 ../shutdown.8:56\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:87\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next \"\n\"flag.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:91\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host \"\n\"but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a \"\n\"hostname.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:91 ../shutdown.8:91\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-F>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-F>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:93\nmsgid \"Print full login and logout times and dates.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:96\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option is like B<-d> in that it displays the IP number of the remote \"\n\"host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:96\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-l>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option allows the display of usernames longer than 8 characters. This \"\n\"may mess up formatting in some programs and make the output wider than the \"\n\"standard 80 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:100 ../utmpdump.1:33\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:102\nmsgid \"Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:104\nmsgid \"Display full user and domain names in the output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:104 ../mountpoint.1:40 ../pidof.8:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-x>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-x>\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:107\nmsgid \"Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The files I and I might not be found. The system only logs \"\n\"information in these files if they are present. This is a local \"\n\"configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created \"\n\"with a simple B(1) command (for example, B).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:116\nmsgid \"/var/log/wtmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/wtmp\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:120\nmsgid \"/var/log/btmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/btmp\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:129\nmsgid \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../logsave.8:5\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LOGSAVE\"\nmsgstr \"LOGSAVE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:8\nmsgid \"logsave - save the output of a command in a logfile\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:14\nmsgid \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program will execute I with the specified \"\n\"argument(s), and save a copy of its output to I. If the containing \"\n\"directory for I does not exist, B will accumulate the \"\n\"output in memory until it can be written out. A copy of the output will \"\n\"also be written to standard output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I is a single hyphen ('-'), then instead of executing a \"\n\"program, B will take its input from standard input and save it in \"\n\"I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:39\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is useful for saving the output of initial boot scripts until the \"\n\"I partition is mounted, so the output can be written to I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause the output to be appended to I, instead of \"\n\"replacing its current contents.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause B to skip writing to the log file text which \"\n\"is bracketed with a control-A (ASCII 001 or Start of Header) and control-B \"\n\"(ASCII 002 or Start of Text). This allows progress bar information to be \"\n\"visible to the user on the console, while not being written to the log file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:58\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will make B to be more verbose in its output to the \"\n\"user.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:62\nmsgid \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:63\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MESG\"\nmsgstr \"MESG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Feb 26, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"26. helmikuuta 2001\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../readbootlog.1:20 ../utmpdump.1:18\n#: ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"User Commands\"\nmsgstr \"Käyttäjän sovellukset\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:27\nmsgid \"mesg - control write access to your terminal\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:32\nmsgid \"B [B|B]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B|B]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B controls the access to your terminal by others. It's typically used \"\n\"to allow or disallow other users to write to your terminal (see B(1)).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:39\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:41\nmsgid \"Allow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:41\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:43\nmsgid \"Disallow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:48\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"If no arguments are given, B shows the current message status on \"\n#| \"standard error output.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no option is given, B prints out the current access state of your \"\n\"terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jos mitään vakiota ei annetta, B tulostaa ruutusi tämänhetkisen oikeus \"\n\"tason.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that its standard input is connected to your terminal. That \"\n\"also means that if you are logged in multiple times, you can get/set the \"\n\"mesg status of other sessions by using redirection. For example \\\"mesg n \"\n\"E /dev/pts/46\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:62\nmsgid \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MOUNTPOINT\"\nmsgstr \"MOUNTPOINT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Mar 15, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"15. maaliskuuta 2004\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:21\nmsgid \"mountpoint - see if a directory is a mountpoint\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:26\nmsgid \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:30\nmsgid \"B B<-x> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:32\nmsgid \"B checks if the directory is a mountpoint.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mountpoint.1:34 ../pidof.8:60 ../shutdown.8:107\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-q>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-q>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:36\nmsgid \"Be quiet - don't print anything.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:38\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the filesystem on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Check Linux's I file to try to detect circular mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:42\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the blockdevice on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:44\nmsgid \"Zero if the directory is a mountpoint, non-zero if not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Symbolic links are not followed, except when the B<-x> option is used. To \"\n\"force following symlinks, add a trailing slash to the path of the directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:52\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The name of the command is misleading when the B<-x> option is used, but the \"\n\"option is useful for comparing if a directory and a device match up, and \"\n\"there is no other command that can print the info easily.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The mountpoint command fails when a directory is binded to one of its \"\n\"grandparents. For example, if /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then \"\n\"mountpoint will report /a/b/c/d is not a valid mount point. This is because \"\n\"both the original directory and its new mount point share the same inode and \"\n\"device number.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The circular mount problem can be worked around on Linux systems by using \"\n\"theB<-p> flag to check the I file for references to the \"\n\"circular mount bind. When using the B<-p> flag, make sure to specify the \"\n\"full path (ie I and not just I). Also, B may \"\n\"still fail if there are spaces in the mount point's path, even when using \"\n\"the B<-p> flag because of the way B mangles the spaces in the \"\n\"path name. Of course, if the admin is using circular mount points with \"\n\"spaces in the name, there are bigger concerns.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:71\nmsgid \"B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"PIDOF\"\nmsgstr \"PIDOF\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"01 Sep 1998\"\nmsgstr \"1. syyskuuta 1998\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:21\nmsgid \"pidof - find the process ID of a running program\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> I] I \"\n\"[I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B finds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs. It prints \"\n\"those id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems used in \"\n\"run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a I like \"\n\"I structure. In that case these scripts are located in I, \"\n\"where ? is the runlevel. If the system has a B(8) program \"\n\"that should be used instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:47\nmsgid \"Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:51\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Only return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory. \"\n\"This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check \"\n\"the current root directory of processes they do not own.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:60\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Avoid B(2) system function call on all binaries which are located on \"\n\"network based file systems like B. Instead of using this option the \"\n\"variable B may be set and exported.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Do not display matched PIDs to standard out. Simply exit with a status of \"\n\"true or false to indicate whether a matching PID was found.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of shells \"\n\"running the named scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:66\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:73\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Try to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z) status. Usually these \"\n\"processes are skipped as trying to deal with them can cause pidof or related \"\n\"tools to hang. Note: In the past pidof would ignore processes in the \"\n\"uninterruptable state (D), unless the B<-z> flag was specified. This is no \"\n\"longer the case. The B program will find and report processes in the \"\n\"D state whether B<-z> is specified or not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-d I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:76\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to use I as an output separator if more than one PID is \"\n\"shown. The default separator is a space.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:76\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-o I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:80\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to omit processes with that process id. The special pid B<\"\n\"%PPID> can be used to name the parent process of the B program, in \"\n\"other words the calling shell or shell script.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:81\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>\"\nmsgstr \"B<0>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:84\nmsgid \"At least one program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:84\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:87\nmsgid \"No program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"I is actually the same program as B(8); the program behaves \"\n\"according to the name under which it is called.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is invoked with a full pathname to the program it should find \"\n\"the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible that it returns \"\n\"PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name as the program \"\n\"you're after but are actually other programs. Note that the executable name \"\n\"of running processes is calculated with B(2), so symbolic links to \"\n\"executables will also match.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Zombie processes or processes in disk sleep (states Z and D, respectively) \"\n\"are ignored, as attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail. \"\n\"The B<-z> flag (see above) tells B to try to detect these sleeping \"\n\"and zombie processes, at the risk of failing or hanging.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:110\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"READBOOTLOG\"\nmsgstr \"READBOOTLOG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOV 12, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"12. marraskuuta 2018\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"readbootlog - show contents of the boot log, stripping away control \"\n\"characters\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:31\nmsgid \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is a tool for reading the boot log (by default I). The program strips away control characters and non-human readable \"\n\"contents from the log file. Output is dumped to the terminal where it can be \"\n\"piped or redirected to a file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:48\nmsgid \"Displays a brief help message.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52\nmsgid \"/var/log/boot\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/boot\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:59\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVEL\"\nmsgstr \"RUNLEVEL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 27, 1997\"\nmsgstr \"27. toukokuuta 1997\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:21\nmsgid \"runlevel - find the previous and current system runlevel\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:24\nmsgid \"B [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B reads the system I file (typically I) to \"\n\"locate the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system \"\n\"runlevel on its standard output, separated by a single space. If there is no \"\n\"previous system runlevel, the letter B will be printed instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no I file exists, and if no runlevel record can be found in the I file, B prints the word B and exits \"\n\"with an error.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:49\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can be used in I scripts as a substitute for the System-V \"\n\"B command. However, in newer versions of B(8) this \"\n\"information is also available in the environment variables B and \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ utmp\n#. type: IP\n#: ../runlevel.8:51\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:54\nmsgid \"The name of the I file to read.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:57\nmsgid \"B(8), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SHUTDOWN\"\nmsgstr \"SHUTDOWN\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"November 12, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"12. marraskuuta 2003\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:27\nmsgid \"shutdown - bring the system down\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-akrhPHfFncqQ>] [B<-t> I] I,\"\n#~ msgstr \"B,\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~| msgid \"LAST, LASTB\"\n#~ msgid \"LAST,LASTB\"\n#~ msgstr \"LAST, LASTB\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"2021-06-02\"\n#~ msgstr \"2. kesäkuuta 2021\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n#~ msgstr \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [valitsin] [I...] [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [valitsin] [I...] [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--present> I,B,B\"\nmsgid \"B, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"B,B,B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n#| \"runlevel B,B or B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Demander à B de ne traiter que les entrées du fichier I \"\n\"ayant le niveau d'exécution B, B ou B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B ou B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"Demander à B de réexaminer le fichier I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B ou B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"Demander à B de passer en mode mono-utilisateur\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B ou B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Demander à B de se relancer lui-même (en préservant son état). Le \"\n\"fichier I n'est pas réexaminé. Le niveau d'exécution doit être \"\n\"un des niveaux B, sinon la requête est ignorée silencieusement.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B peut indiquer à B combien de temps il devrait attendre \"\n\"entre l'envoi des signaux B et B aux processus. La valeur \"\n\"par défaut est de 3 secondes, mais elle peut être changée avec l'option B<-\"\n\"t>.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B indique à B de changer l'environnement des processus \"\n\"qu'il lance. Le paramètre de B<-e> est soit de la forme I=I, qui \"\n\"positionne la variable I à la valeur I, ou de la forme I \"\n\"(sans signe égal), qui retire la variable I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ne peut être appelé que par les utilisateurs avec les droits \"\n\"appropriés.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le binaire B vérifie s'il s'agit d'B ou de B en \"\n\"fonction de l'identifiant du processus ; le véritable B a toujours un \"\n\"identifiant égal à B<1>. Grâce à cela, B peut également être appelé au \"\n\"lieu de B, comme raccourci.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"ENVIRONNEMENT\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B configure les variables d'environnement suivantes pour tous ses \"\n\"enfants :\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Comme le nom l'indique. Utile pour déterminer si un script est exécuté \"\n\"directement par B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"Le niveau d'exécution actuel du système.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le niveau d'exécution précédent (utile après un changement de niveau \"\n\"d'exécution).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"La console système. Cela provient directement du noyau ; cependant si elle \"\n\"n'existe pas, B la positionne à I par défaut.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"ATTRIBUTS D'AMORÇAGE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Un certain nombre d'options peuvent être fournies à B à partir du \"\n\"gestionnaire de démarrage (par exemple LILO ou GRUB). B accepte les \"\n\"options suivantes :\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s>, B, B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Démarrage en mode mono-utilisateur. Dans ce mode, I est \"\n\"examiné et les scripts rc de démarrage sont généralement lancés avant que \"\n\"l'interpréteur de commande du mono-utilisateur ne commence.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1>–B<5>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"Niveau d'exécution dans lequel il faut démarrer.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-b>, B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Démarrage direct d'un interpréteur de commande en mode mono-utilisateur sans \"\n\"lancer aucun autre script de démarrage.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a>, B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le gestionnaire de démarrage LILO ajoute le mot « auto » sur la ligne de \"\n\"commande pour les démarrages utilisant la ligne de commande par défaut (sans \"\n\"intervention d'un utilisateur). Dans ce cas, B positionne la variable \"\n\"d'environnement B à la valeur « yes ». Notez que vous ne pouvez \"\n\"pas utiliser cela à des fins sécuritaires ; un utilisateur pouvant bien sûr \"\n\"indiquer « auto » ou ajouter l'option B<-a> lui-même sur la ligne de \"\n\"commande.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le paramètre de B<-z> est ignoré. Vous pouvez utiliser cela pour étendre \"\n\"légèrement la ligne de commande pour qu'elle prenne plus de place sur la \"\n\"pile. B peut ensuite manipuler la ligne de commande de telle sorte que \"\n\"B(1) affiche le niveau d'exécution actuel.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Cet argument, utilisé seul, affiche la version actuelle d’B sur la \"\n\"console/stdout. C’est un moyen rapide pour déterminer quel logiciel \"\n\"d’initialisation est en cours d’utilisation. Après l’affichage de la \"\n\"version, B se termine immédiatement avec zéro comme code de retour.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"INTERFACE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B écoute sur une I dans I, I, dans l'attente \"\n\"de messages. B utilise cela pour communiquer avec B. \"\n\"L'interface n'est pas très documentée ou finalisée. Les personnes \"\n\"intéressées devraient étudier le fichier I dans le sous-\"\n\"répertoire I de l'archive tar des sources d'B.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"SIGNAUX\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"B réagit à plusieurs signaux :\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"Identique à B.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Lors de la réception de ces signaux, B ferme et réouvre sa fifo de \"\n\"contrôle, I. Cela est utile pour les scripts de démarrage \"\n\"quand I est remonté.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quand B reçoit B, il ferme et abandonne la fifo de contrôle, \"\n\"I, fermée. Cela peut être utilisé pour être sûr que qu’B \"\n\"ne maintient pas ouvert un quelconque fichier. Toutefois, il empêche aussi \"\n\"B de changer les niveaux d’exécution, ce qui signifie que des \"\n\"commandes telles que B ne fonctionneront plus. La fifo peut être \"\n\"réouverte en envoyant à B le signal B.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Normalement le noyau envoie ce signal à B à travers la combinaison de \"\n\"touches Ctrl-Alt-Suppr. Cela active l'action I.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le noyau envoie ce signal quand la touche I est pressée. \"\n\"Cela active l'action I.\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"CONFORMITÉ\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B est compatible avec l'init de Système V. Il collabore étroitement \"\n\"avec les scripts des répertoires I et I. Si votre système utilise cette convention, il \"\n\"devrait y avoir un fichier I dans le répertoire I qui \"\n\"explique comment ces scripts fonctionnent.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"FICHIERS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"AVERTISSEMENTS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B suppose que les processus et leurs descendants restent dans le même \"\n\"groupe de processus créé initialement pour eux. Si les processus changent \"\n\"leur groupe, B ne peut pas les tuer et cela peut conduire à avoir deux \"\n\"processus qui lisent la même ligne de terminal.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Sur un système Debian, entrer dans le niveau d'exécution B<1> force tous les \"\n\"processus à être tués à l'exception des threads du noyau et du script qui \"\n\"s'occupe de tuer les autres processus ainsi que les autres processus de sa \"\n\"session. En conséquence, il n'est pas sûr de passer du niveau \"\n\"d'exécution B<1> vers un niveau d'exécution multi-utilisateur : les démons \"\n\"qui étaient démarrés dans le niveau d'exécution B et qui sont nécessaires \"\n\"au bon fonctionnement ne tournent plus. Le système devrait être redémarré.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Si B trouve qu'il n'arrête pas de relancer une entrée (plus de dix \"\n\"fois en deux minutes), il supposera qu'il y a une erreur dans la commande, \"\n\"générera une erreur sur la console système et refusera de relancer cette \"\n\"entrée à moins que cinq minutes se soient écoulées ou qu'il ait reçu un \"\n\"signal. Cela permet d'éviter de consommer des ressources système quand \"\n\"quelqu'un a fait une faute de frappe dans le fichier I ou que \"\n\"le programme de l'entrée a été supprimé.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME> , page de \"\n\"manuel originelle de E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.\"\n\"de> Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITCTL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"Formats de fichier\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le niveau d'exécution précédent (utile après un changement de niveau \"\n\"d'exécution).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"INITSCRIPT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"10 juillet 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"initscript - Script qui exécute les commandes incluses dans inittab\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id niveaux_exécution action processus\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quand le script shell I est présent, B l'utilisera \"\n\"afin d'exécuter les commandes provenant d'I. Ce script peut être \"\n\"utilisé pour paramétrer des valeurs par défaut telles que I et \"\n\"I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Voici un exemple de script d'initialisation qui est peut-être installé sur \"\n\"votre système en tant que B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript exécuté par init(8) pour tout programme\\n\"\n\"# voulant apparaître ainsi\\\\ :\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE Eniveau d'exécutionE EactionE EprocessusE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Paramétrer umask pour le mode sans échec,\\n\"\n\" # et activer les core-dumps (sauvegardes d'image mémoire).\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Augmenter la limite impérative des descripteurs de fichiers à 8192 pour tous les\\n\"\n\" # processus. La limite souple est encore 1024, mais tous les\\n\"\n\" # processus non privilégiés peuvent augmenter leur limite souple\\n\"\n\" # jusqu'à la limite impérative\\n\"\n\" # avec \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (nécessite un noyau Linux 2.2.13 ou plus ).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Exécuter le programme.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or somesuch. It \"\n#| \"has nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler \"\n#| \"for things executed from B. Experimenting with this can \"\n#| \"make your system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ce script ne prétend pas être un script de démarrage pour les démons ou \"\n\"autres. Il n'a rien à voir avec les scripts du style I. C'est \"\n\"juste un gestionnaire pour ce qui est exécuté venant de B. \"\n\"Faire des expériences avec initscript peut rendre impossible le redémarrage \"\n\"de votre système.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"4 décembre 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"inittab - Format du fichier inittab utilisé dans le processus de démarrage \"\n\"des systèmes UNIX Système V et compatibles\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le fichier B décrit l'ensemble des processus qui doivent être \"\n\"lancés au démarrage du système et pendant un fonctionnement normal (par \"\n\"exemple, /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, gettys…). Le programme B(8) \"\n\"distingue différents I (runlevel), chacun pouvant avoir \"\n\"ses propres processus à démarrer. Les niveaux d'exécution valables sont B<0>-\"\n\"B<6>, et B, B ou B pour des niveaux personnalisés (B). \"\n\"Typiquement, une entrée dans le fichier inittab a la forme suivante :\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"I:I:I:I\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"Les lignes commençant par le caractère « # » sont ignorées.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Séquence unique de 1 à 4 caractères qui identifient une entrée dans \"\n\"B (pour les versions de sysvinit compilées avec les I \"\n\"bibliothèques libc5 (E 5.2.18) ou a.out, la limite est de 2 caractères).\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Remarque : pour les programmes de connexion comme les getty ou d'autres, le \"\n\"champ I doit être le numéro du tty correspondant à la console, par \"\n\"exemple B<1> pour B. Des anciens programmes de gestion des connexions \"\n\"peuvent également se baser là-dessus, même si je n'en ai pas le souvenir. \"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"Liste des niveaux d'exécution pour lesquels l'action doit être faite.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"Description de l'action à faire.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Commande à exécuter. Si ce champ commence par le caractère « + », B \"\n\"n'enregistrera pas les connexions dans utmp et wtmp. C'est requis par getty \"\n\"qui utilise son propre gestionnaire de utmp ou de wtmp. C'est également un \"\n\"bogue qui reste pour des raisons historiques. La taille de ce champ est \"\n\"limitée à 127 caractères.\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le champ I peut contenir plusieurs caractères indiquant \"\n\"différents niveaux d'exécution. Par exemple, B<123> signifie que le \"\n\"processus sera exécuté dans les niveaux d'exécution 1, 2 et 3. Les I pour les entrées B peuvent contenir un B, B ou \"\n\"B. Les champs I des entrées B, B et \"\n\"B sont ignorés.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quand le niveau d'exécution est changé, tous les processus qui ne sont pas \"\n\"spécifiés démarrés dans ce nouveau niveau d'exécution sont tués, d'abord \"\n\"avec \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, puis avec \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"Les actions valables pour le champ I sont :\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est redémarré à chaque fois qu'il se termine (par exemple : \"\n\"getty).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus n'est démarré qu'une seul fois, lors de l'entrée dans le niveau \"\n\"d'exécution et B attend qu'il se termine.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté une seule fois, lors de l'entrée dans le niveau \"\n\"d'exécution.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté pendant le démarrage du système. Le champ \"\n\"I est ignoré.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté pendant le démarrage du système et B attend \"\n\"que le processus se termine (par exemple : /etc/rc). Le champ \"\n\"I est ignoré.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"Ne fait rien.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Un processus marqué dans un niveau d'exécution B est exécuté à \"\n\"chaque fois que le niveau d'exécution B est appelé. Cependant, \"\n\"aucun changement de niveau d'exécution ne survient (les modes de démarrage \"\n\"pour B sont « a », « b » et « c »).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Une entrée B indique qu'on entrera dans ce niveau d'exécution \"\n\"une fois le système effectivement opérationnel. Si aucun n'existe, B \"\n\"demandera un niveau d'exécution sur la console. Le champ I est \"\n\"ignoré.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté pendant le démarrage du système. Il est exécuté \"\n\"avant les entrées B ou B. Le champ I est \"\n\"ignoré.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté quand la machine est sur le point de s'éteindre. \"\n\"B est normalement informé de cela par un programme qui discute avec un \"\n\"UPS connecté à la machine. B attend que le processus se termine avant \"\n\"de continuer.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Comme B, mis à part que B n'attend pas la fin du processus \"\n\"avant de continuer.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté dès que B est informé que l'alimentation est \"\n\"remise en route.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ce processus est exécuté quand B est informé que la batterie de \"\n\"l'onduleur externe est presque vide et que la tension faiblit (à condition \"\n\"que l'onduleur et le processus de surveillance soient capables de détecter \"\n\"cette condition).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté lorsque B reçoit le signal B. Cela \"\n\"signifie que quelqu'un a tapé dans la console système la combinaison de \"\n\"touches B. Typiquement, on a voulu exécuter une sorte \"\n\"d'arrêt, soit pour démarrer en mode mono-utilisateur, soit pour redémarrer \"\n\"la machine.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le processus est exécuté quand B reçoit un signal du gestionnaire de \"\n\"clavier indiquant qu'une combinaison spéciale de touches a été actionnée sur \"\n\"le clavier de la console.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"La documentation pour cette fonction n'est pas encore complète ; il est \"\n\"possible de trouver de la documentation supplémentaire dans le paquet kbd-x.\"\n\"xx paquets (le plus récent était kbd-0.94 au moment où ces lignes sont \"\n\"écrites). Vous pouvez affecter des combinaisons de touches à l'action \"\n\"« KeyboardSignal ». Par exemple, pour affecter Alt-FlècheHaut pour cet \"\n\"usage, utilisez ce qui suit dans votre fichier keymaps :\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Voici un exemple d'un fichier inittab qui ressemble à un ancien fichier \"\n\"inittab sous linux :\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# inittab for Linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ce fichier inittab exécute I pendant le démarrage du système et \"\n\"démarre getty sur les tty 1 à 4.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Un fichier B plus élaboré avec différents niveaux d'exécution \"\n\"(notez bien les commentaires) :\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Runlevel à démarrer\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Script de configuration / initialisation du système au démarrage.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Que faire dans le mode mono-utilisateur.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d exécute les scripts S et K pour les changements\\n\"\n\"# de niveau d'exécution.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Le niveau 0 est pour l'arrêt.\\n\"\n\"# Le niveau 1 est pour le mode mono-utilisateur.\\n\"\n\"# Les niveaux 2 à 5 correspondent aux niveaux multi-utilisateurs.\\n\"\n\"# Le niveau 6 correspond au redémarrage.\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Que faire du « salut à 3 doigts ».\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# niveau d'exécution 2,3 : getty sur les consoles virtuelles\\n\"\n\"# niveau d'exécution 3 : getty sur le terminal (ttyS0) et\\n\"\n\"# sur le port modem.\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B was written by Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl). This \"\n#| \"manual page was written by Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.informatik.\"\n#| \"uni-bonn.de) and modified by Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-\"\n#| \"aachen.de).\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B a été écrit par Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl). Cette \"\n\"page de manuel a été écrite par Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.\"\n\"informatik.uni-bonn.de) et modifiée par Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.\"\n\"informatik.rwth-aachen.de).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"KILLALL5\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"4 novembre 2003\"\n\n# NOTE: Un seul tiret\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"killall5 - envoyer un signal à tous les processus\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"B -signalnumber [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I]\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"B -B [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B correspond à la commande B de Système V. Elle envoie un \"\n\"signal à tous les processus, sauf les threads du noyau et les processus de \"\n\"sa propre session. Il ne tuera donc pas l'interpréteur de commande qui l'a \"\n\"lancé. Son utilisation principale (unique) est dans les scripts B situés \"\n\"dans le répertoire I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"Indiquer à B d'ignorer le processus avec cet identifiant.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B peut aussi être appelé avec B(8), qui n'est qu'un lien \"\n\"(symbolique) pour le programme B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le programme renvoie zéro s'il a tué les processus. Il renvoie B<2> si aucun \"\n\"processus n'a été tué et B<1> s'il n'a pas réussi à trouver de processus (I est absent).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST,\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"1\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"Jul 21, 2003\"\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"21 juillet 2003\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"last, lastb - afficher une liste des derniers utilisateurs connectés\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#| \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#| \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/\"\n#| \"or I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#| \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#| \"B is the same as B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B parcourt le fichier I (ou le fichier indiqué par \"\n\"l'option B<-f>) pour présenter une liste de toutes les connexions et \"\n\"déconnexions des utilisateurs, depuis la création du fichier. Un ou \"\n\"plusieurs Is et terminaux (I) peuvent être indiqués, afin \"\n\"que B ne montre que les connexions et déconnexions correspondant à ces \"\n\"arguments. Le nom des terminaux peut être abrégé, ainsi I est \"\n\"équivalent à I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"When catching a SIGINT signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#| \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has searched \"\n#| \"through the file; in the case of the SIGINT signal B will then \"\n#| \"terminate.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"À la réception d’un signal B (engendré par la touche d'interruption, \"\n\"généralement Contrôle-C) ou un signal B, B indiquera le point \"\n\"où il est arrivé dans le fichier, et dans le cas de B, B se \"\n\"terminera.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Le pseudo-utilisateur B est enregistré à chaque redémarrage du \"\n\"système, ainsi I affichera une liste de tous les redémarrages \"\n\"depuis la création du fichier de journalisation.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B se comporte comme B, mais il utilise le fichier I qui journalise toutes les tentatives infructueuses de connexion.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"Tell B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"Indiquer à B le nombre de lignes d'enregistrement à afficher.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"Display the state of logins since the specified I,\"\n#~ msgstr \"B,\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"fstab-decode\"\n#~ msgstr \"fstab-decode\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~| msgid \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n#~ msgid \"Linux User's Manual\"\n#~ msgstr \"Manuel de l’Administrateur de Système Linux\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl)\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-s\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-s>\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-c\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-c>\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-n\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-n>\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-q\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-q>\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-x\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-x>\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-z\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-z>\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"B looks for the environment variable B or B \"\n#~| \"to determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not \"\n#~| \"set, it will try to execute root's shell from I. If that \"\n#~| \"fails, it will fall back to I.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"I looks for the environment variable B or B to \"\n#~ \"determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not set, it \"\n#~ \"will try to execute root's shell from /etc/passwd. If that fails it will \"\n#~ \"fall back to B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B recherche les variables d’environnement B ou \"\n#~ \"B pour déterminer l’interpréteur de commandes à démarrer. Si la \"\n#~ \"variable d’environnement n’est pas définie, il essaiera d’exécuter \"\n#~ \"l’interpréteur de commandes du superutilisateur indiqué dans le fichier \"\n#~ \"I. Si cela échoue également, il essaiera I.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Try to detect processes which are stuck in uninterruptible (D) or zombie \"\n#~ \"(Z) status. Usually these processes are skipped as trying to deal with \"\n#~ \"them can cause pidof to hang.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Essayer de détecter les processus qui sont bloqués dans un état \"\n#~ \"ininterruptible (D) ou zombie (Z). Habituellement ces processus sont omis \"\n#~ \"car essayer de les traiter peut provoquer le plantage de B.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"In essence fstab-decode can be used anytime we want to pass multiple \"\n#~ \"parameters to a command as a list of command line arguments. It turns \"\n#~ \"output like this:\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"En substance, fstab-decode peut être utilisé chaque fois que l'on veut \"\n#~ \"passer de multiples paramètres à une commande comme une liste de \"\n#~ \"paramètres en ligne de commande. Cela donne quelque chose comme ceci :\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or somesuch. It \"\n#~ \"has nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler \"\n#~ \"for things executed from B. Experimenting with this can \"\n#~ \"make your system un(re)bootable.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Ce script ne prétend pas être un script de démarrage pour les démons ou \"\n#~ \"autres. Il n'a rien à voir avec les scripts du style I. C'est \"\n#~ \"juste un gestionnaire pour ce qui est exécuté venant de B. \"\n#~ \"Faire des expériences avec initscript peut rendre impossible le \"\n#~ \"redémarrage de votre système.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"2021-06-02\"\n#~ msgstr \"2 juin 2021\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n#~ msgstr \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [I] [I ...] [I ...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [I] [I ...] [I ...]\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#~| \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#~| \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/\"\n#~| \"or I can be given, in which case B will show only the \"\n#~| \"entries matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, \"\n#~| \"thus B is the same as B.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#~ \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#~ \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/or \"\n#~ \"I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#~ \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#~ \"B is the same as B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B parcourt le fichier I (ou le fichier indiqué par \"\n#~ \"l'option B<-f>) pour présenter une liste de toutes les connexions et \"\n#~ \"déconnexions des utilisateurs, depuis la création du fichier. Un ou \"\n#~ \"plusieurs Is et terminaux (I) peuvent être indiqués, \"\n#~ \"afin que B ne montre que les connexions et déconnexions \"\n#~ \"correspondant à ces arguments. Le nom des terminaux peut être abrégé, \"\n#~ \"ainsi I est équivalent à I.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"When catching a SIGINT signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#~| \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has \"\n#~| \"searched through the file; in the case of the SIGINT signal B will \"\n#~| \"then terminate.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"When catching a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#~ \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has searched \"\n#~ \"through the file; in the case of the B signal B will then \"\n#~ \"terminate.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"À la réception d’un signal B (engendré par la touche \"\n#~ \"d'interruption, généralement Contrôle-C) ou un signal B, B \"\n#~ \"indiquera le point où il est arrivé dans le fichier, et dans le cas de \"\n#~ \"B, B se terminera.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. \"\n#~| \"Thus B will show a log of all the reboots since the log \"\n#~| \"file was created.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n#~ \"B will show a log of all the reboots since the log file was \"\n#~ \"created.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Le pseudo-utilisateur B est enregistré à chaque redémarrage du \"\n#~ \"système, ainsi I affichera une liste de tous les \"\n#~ \"redémarrages depuis la création du fichier de journalisation.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"B<-a>,B< --hostlast>\"\n#~ msgid \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"B<-d>,B< --dns>\"\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"B<-f>,B< --file >I\"\n#~ msgid \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-f>,B< --file >I\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"Tell B to use a specific I instead of I. The \"\n#~| \"B<--file> option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified \"\n#~| \"files will be processed.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Tell B to use a specific I instead of I. The \"\n#~ \"B<--file> option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified \"\n#~ \"files will be processed.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Indiquer à B d’utiliser le I indiqué au lieu de I. L’option B<--file> peut être indiquée plusieurs fois, et tous les \"\n#~ \"fichiers concernés seront traités.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"B<-F>,B< --fulltimes>\"\n#~ msgid \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"B<-i>,B< --ip>\"\n#~ msgid \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"Like B<--dns ,> but displays the host's IP number instead of the name.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Like B<--dns ,> but displays the host\\\\(cqs IP number instead of the name.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Comme B<--dns>, mais afficher l’adresse IP de l’hôte au lieu du nom.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"B<-n>,B< --limit >I\"\n#~ msgid \"B<->I; B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"B<-p>,B< --present >I, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<-V>, B<--version>\"\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-V>, B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"FÁJLOK\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B was written by Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl). This \"\n#| \"manual page was written by Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.informatik.\"\n#| \"uni-bonn.de) and modified by Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-\"\n#| \"aachen.de).\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A B-et Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl) , a hozzávaló \"\n\"kézikönyvlapot pedig Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.informatik.uni-bonn.\"\n\"de) írta és Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de) \"\n\"módosította.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"B\"\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"July 2014\"\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"2014 július\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"inittab - a sysv-compatibilis init process által használt inittab fájl \"\n\"formátum.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n#| \"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n#| \"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of \"\n#| \"which can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid \"\n#| \"runlevels are B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B \"\n#| \"entries. An entry in the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Az B fájl leírja mely processek indulnak el az induláskor és a \"\n\"normál műveletek közben (például:\\\\& /etc/rc, getty-k ...). Az B(8) \"\n\"megkülönböztet olyan többszörös I, ezek mindegyike saját \"\n\"beállítása lehet a futtantandó programokról. Érvényés futási szintek a B<0>-\"\n\"B<6>, ezenkívűl B, B, és B a B bejegyzésekhez. Egy \"\n\"inittab fájlbejegyzésnek a következő formátumúnak kell lennie:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"I:I:I:I\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"A `#'-el kezdödő sorok mellőzésre kerülnek.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n#| \"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with libraries E 5.2.18 \"\n#| \"or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Egyedi, 1-4 elembol allo karakterlanc, ami azonosítja a bejegyzést az \"\n\"inittabban (azon sysvinit verziók esetében amelyek fordításához tartozó \"\n\"library E 5.2.18 , vagy még az a.out-os rendszerhez készűlt, a korlát 2 \"\n\"karakter).\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"Note: For gettys or other login processes, the I field should be the \"\n#| \"tty suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& B<1> for B. \"\n#| \"Otherwise, the login accounting might not work correctly.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Megjegyzés: Getty vagy másmilyen login processesknél az I mező a tty \"\n\"megfelelő tty rangjának kell lennie, például\\\\& B<1> a B helyett. \"\n\"Másképpen a bejelentkezési nyilvántartás helytelenűl működhet.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"Leirják, hogy melyik futási szinteken jön létre az adott tevékenység.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"leírja, hogy milyen tevékenység jöjjön létre.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a \"\n#| \"`+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n#| \"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/\"\n#| \"wtmp housekeeping. This is also a historic bug.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Meghatározza, hogy melyik process indítodjon el. Ha a process mező `+' \"\n\"karakterrel kezdödik, akkor az init nem csinál utmp és wtmp nyilvántartást a \"\n\"processnek. Ez akkor szükséges, ha a getty ragaszkodik a saját utmp/wtmp \"\n\"háztartásához. Ez egy történelmi hiba.\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A I mező tőbb értéket is tartalmazhat, a különböző \"\n\"futásszintekhez. Például az B<123> meghatározza, hogy a programnak az 1-es, \"\n\"2-es és 3-as futásszinten kell futnia. Az B futásszint \"\n\"bejegyzések lehetnek B, B, vagy B. A B, B, és \"\n\"B futásszint bejegyzések figyelmen kívűl lesznek hagyva.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ha a rendszer futásszintje megváltozik, az összes olyan program, ami az új \"\n\"futásszinthez nincs bejegyezve, le lesz álítva, előszőr a \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, \"\n\"majd a \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0 jelzéssel.\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"Érvényes tevékenységek a I mezőhöz:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"A process újraindul valahányszor megszakítódik (pl:\\\\& getty).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A process akkor indul el, amikor a megadott futási szintre lép, és az \"\n\"B addig vár, amíg a processz fut..\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"A processzt egyszer, a futásszintre lépéskor indítja el.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A process a rendszer újrainditása közben indul el. Ilyenkor a I \"\n\"mező tartalma nem érdekes.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A processzt a rendszer indulása közben indítja el, az B megvárja míg \"\n\"lefut (például:\\\\& /etc/rc). A I mező mellőzésre kerül.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"Semmit sem csinál.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Az B (helybeni) futásszinttel megjelölt process elindul, \"\n\"valahányszor a megadott helybeni futásszint meghivódik. Viszont nem \"\n\"következik be futásszint csere(B futási szintek az `a', a `b' és a \"\n\"`c').\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Az B bejegyzés megadja, hogy melyik futási szintre lépünk be a \"\n\"rendszer újraindítása után. Ha ilyent nem adtunk meg, akkor az B a \"\n\"konzolról kér be egy futásszintet. A I mező ilyenkor figyelmen \"\n\"kívűl hagyódik.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A process a rendszer újraindítása alatt hajtódik végre, mégpedig minden \"\n\"B és B bejegyzés elött. A I mező tartalma \"\n\"lényegtelen.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"The process will be executed when the power goes down. Init is usually \"\n#| \"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n#| \"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A processz akkor lesz végrehajtva, ha megszakad az áramszolgáltatás. Az init \"\n\"erről általában egy olyan processztől értesűl, ami egy UPS-sel (szünetmentes \"\n\"áramforrás) komunikál. Az B ilyenkor megvárja, hogy a processz \"\n\"befelyezödjön mielött továbbmenne.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ugyanaz, mint a B, kivéve, hogy az B ilyenkor nem várja meg \"\n\"a processz befejeződését.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ez a processz azonnal végre lesz hajtva, amint az B arról értesűl, \"\n\"hogy az áram visszatért.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ez a processz akkor lesz vegrehajtva, ha azt közlik az init-el, hogy a külső \"\n\"UPS elemei majdnem teljesen üresek, és az áramszolgáltatás megszünt \"\n\"(feltételezi, hogy a külső UPS és az ellenőrző program képes ezt az \"\n\"állapotot érzékelni).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"The process will be executed when B receives the SIGINT signal. \"\n#| \"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n#| \"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A processz akkor lesz végrehajtva, ha az B egy SIGINT szignált kap. Ez \"\n\"azt jelenti, hogy valaki a rendszer konzolján lenyomta a B \"\n\"billentyű kombinációt. Általában ez azt jelenti, hogy valaki valamiféle \"\n\"B-t akar végrehajtani: vagy egyfelhasználós szintre akar eljutni, \"\n\"vagy pedig újra akarja indítani a gépet.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A process akkor lesz végrehajtva, ha az B egy szignált kap a \"\n\"billentyűzet kezelötöl, ami azt jelzi, hogy egy speciális billentyű \"\n\"kombináció lett lenyomva a konzol billentyűzetén.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ennek a funkciónak a leírása még nem teljes; további dokumentációt a kbd-x.\"\n\"xx csomagokban lehet találni (a legújabb a kbd-0.94 csomag volt a \"\n\"dokumentácó írása idején). Valószínüleg néhány billentyűzet kombinációt akar \"\n\"feltérképezni a \\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" akcióhoz. Például, hogy az Alt-\"\n\"felfelényíl kombinációt e célból feltérképezze, használja a következöt a \"\n\"keymaps fájljában:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"Ez egy példa az inittab-ra, ami emlékeztet a régi Linux-os inittab-ra:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# inittab linux-ra\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"This inittab file executes B during boot and starts gettys on \"\n#| \"tty1-tty4.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ez az inittab végrehajtja az B paracsfájlt a boot-folyamat alatt és \"\n\"elindítja a gettys-t a tty1-tty4-en.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Egy bonyolultabb inittab különbözö futási szintekkel (Lásd a kommenteket a \"\n\"fájl-on belül):\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Szint amin fussunk\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"# System initialization before anything else.\\n\"\n#| \"si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/bcheckrc\\n\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Rendszer inicializáció minden más elött.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/bcheckrc\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Mit csináljunk a \\\"3 ujjas tisztelgés\\\"-nél.\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"# Runlevel 2&3: getty on console, level 3 also getty on modem port.\\n\"\n#| \"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n#| \"S2:3:respawn:/sbin/uugetty ttyS2 M19200\\n\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Futásszint 2&3: getty konzolon, 3-as szinten a modemhez is.\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S2:3:respawn:/sbin/uugetty ttyS2 M19200\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B was written by Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl). This \"\n#| \"manual page was written by Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.informatik.\"\n#| \"uni-bonn.de) and modified by Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-\"\n#| \"aachen.de).\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A B-et Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl) , a hozzávaló \"\n\"kézikönyvlapot pedig Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.informatik.uni-bonn.\"\n\"de) írta és Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de) \"\n\"módosította.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"LAST\"\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\n#, fuzzy\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"last, lastb - a legutóbbi belépések listázása terminál vagy felhasználó \"\n\"alapján\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\n#, fuzzy\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A B a B bejegyzéseit dolgozza fel, amely tartalmazza az összes \"\n\"információt a be- és kilépésekről, valamint a felhasznált terminálokról. \"\n\"Opcionálisan megadhatjuk a felhasználó, vagy a terminál nevét is. Ha több \"\n\"opciót adunk meg, akkor minden olyan információt megkapunk, amelyik legalább \"\n\"az egyik opcióhoz tartozik: például a ``B'' parancs \"\n\"kilistázza a root felhasználó összes belépését és a konzolon történt összes \"\n\"többi belépést is. A B időben visszafelé rendezett sorrendben listázza \"\n\"ki a belépés idejét, a kapcsolat hosszát és a felhasznált terminál nevét, \"\n\"megmutatja a folyamatban lévő kapcsolatokat és a rendszerleállítás miatt \"\n\"félbeszakadt kapcsolatokat is.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\n#, fuzzy\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"A B ál-felhasználó jelzi a rendszer újraindításának idejét.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, fuzzy\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"A parancs kimenetét korlátozza: legfeljebb ennyi sor jelenhet meg.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is useful, e.g., \"\n\"to determine easily who was logged in at a particular time -- specify that \"\n\"time with B<-t> and look for \\\"still logged in\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-R>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:84\nmsgid \"Suppresses the display of the hostname field.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ -a\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:84 ../logsave.8:40 ../shutdown.8:56\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:87\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next \"\n\"flag.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:91\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host \"\n\"but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a \"\n\"hostname.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:91 ../shutdown.8:91\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-F>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:93\nmsgid \"Print full login and logout times and dates.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:96\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option is like B<-d> in that it displays the IP number of the remote \"\n\"host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:96\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option allows the display of usernames longer than 8 characters. This \"\n\"may mess up formatting in some programs and make the output wider than the \"\n\"standard 80 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:100 ../utmpdump.1:33\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:102\nmsgid \"Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:104\nmsgid \"Display full user and domain names in the output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:104 ../mountpoint.1:40 ../pidof.8:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-x>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:107\nmsgid \"Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The files I and I might not be found. The system only logs \"\n\"information in these files if they are present. This is a local \"\n\"configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created \"\n\"with a simple B(1) command (for example, B).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:116\nmsgid \"/var/log/wtmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/wtmp\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:120\nmsgid \"/var/log/btmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/btmp\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:129\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgid \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../logsave.8:5\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LOGSAVE\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:8\nmsgid \"logsave - save the output of a command in a logfile\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:14\nmsgid \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program will execute I with the specified \"\n\"argument(s), and save a copy of its output to I. If the containing \"\n\"directory for I does not exist, B will accumulate the \"\n\"output in memory until it can be written out. A copy of the output will \"\n\"also be written to standard output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I is a single hyphen ('-'), then instead of executing a \"\n\"program, B will take its input from standard input and save it in \"\n\"I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:39\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is useful for saving the output of initial boot scripts until the \"\n\"I partition is mounted, so the output can be written to I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause the output to be appended to I, instead of \"\n\"replacing its current contents.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause B to skip writing to the log file text which \"\n\"is bracketed with a control-A (ASCII 001 or Start of Header) and control-B \"\n\"(ASCII 002 or Start of Text). This allows progress bar information to be \"\n\"visible to the user on the console, while not being written to the log file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:58\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will make B to be more verbose in its output to the \"\n\"user.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:62\nmsgid \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:63\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MESG\"\nmsgstr \"MESG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Feb 26, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../readbootlog.1:20 ../utmpdump.1:18\n#: ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"User Commands\"\nmsgstr \"Felhasználói parancsok\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:27\nmsgid \"mesg - control write access to your terminal\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:32\nmsgid \"B [B|B]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B controls the access to your terminal by others. It's typically used \"\n\"to allow or disallow other users to write to your terminal (see B(1)).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:39\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:41\nmsgid \"Allow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:41\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:43\nmsgid \"Disallow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:48\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"If no arguments are given, B shows the current message status on \"\n#| \"standard error output.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no option is given, B prints out the current access state of your \"\n\"terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ha a B-et paraméter nélkül indítjuk, akkor az épp aktuális állapotát \"\n\"kapjuk meg a szabványos hibakimeneten.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that its standard input is connected to your terminal. That \"\n\"also means that if you are logged in multiple times, you can get/set the \"\n\"mesg status of other sessions by using redirection. For example \\\"mesg n \"\n\"E /dev/pts/46\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:62\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\nmsgid \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MOUNTPOINT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Mar 15, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:21\nmsgid \"mountpoint - see if a directory is a mountpoint\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:26\nmsgid \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:30\nmsgid \"B B<-x> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:32\nmsgid \"B checks if the directory is a mountpoint.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mountpoint.1:34 ../pidof.8:60 ../shutdown.8:107\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-q>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:36\nmsgid \"Be quiet - don't print anything.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:38\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the filesystem on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Check Linux's I file to try to detect circular mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:42\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the blockdevice on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:44\nmsgid \"Zero if the directory is a mountpoint, non-zero if not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Symbolic links are not followed, except when the B<-x> option is used. To \"\n\"force following symlinks, add a trailing slash to the path of the directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:52\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The name of the command is misleading when the B<-x> option is used, but the \"\n\"option is useful for comparing if a directory and a device match up, and \"\n\"there is no other command that can print the info easily.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The mountpoint command fails when a directory is binded to one of its \"\n\"grandparents. For example, if /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then \"\n\"mountpoint will report /a/b/c/d is not a valid mount point. This is because \"\n\"both the original directory and its new mount point share the same inode and \"\n\"device number.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The circular mount problem can be worked around on Linux systems by using \"\n\"theB<-p> flag to check the I file for references to the \"\n\"circular mount bind. When using the B<-p> flag, make sure to specify the \"\n\"full path (ie I and not just I). Also, B may \"\n\"still fail if there are spaces in the mount point's path, even when using \"\n\"the B<-p> flag because of the way B mangles the spaces in the \"\n\"path name. Of course, if the admin is using circular mount points with \"\n\"spaces in the name, there are bigger concerns.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:71\nmsgid \"B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"PIDOF\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"01 Sep 1998\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:21\nmsgid \"pidof - find the process ID of a running program\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> I] I \"\n\"[I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B finds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs. It prints \"\n\"those id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems used in \"\n\"run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a I like \"\n\"I structure. In that case these scripts are located in I, \"\n\"where ? is the runlevel. If the system has a B(8) program \"\n\"that should be used instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:47\nmsgid \"Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:51\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Only return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory. \"\n\"This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check \"\n\"the current root directory of processes they do not own.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:60\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Avoid B(2) system function call on all binaries which are located on \"\n\"network based file systems like B. Instead of using this option the \"\n\"variable B may be set and exported.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Do not display matched PIDs to standard out. Simply exit with a status of \"\n\"true or false to indicate whether a matching PID was found.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of shells \"\n\"running the named scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:66\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:73\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Try to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z) status. Usually these \"\n\"processes are skipped as trying to deal with them can cause pidof or related \"\n\"tools to hang. Note: In the past pidof would ignore processes in the \"\n\"uninterruptable state (D), unless the B<-z> flag was specified. This is no \"\n\"longer the case. The B program will find and report processes in the \"\n\"D state whether B<-z> is specified or not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-d I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:76\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to use I as an output separator if more than one PID is \"\n\"shown. The default separator is a space.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:76\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-o I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:80\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to omit processes with that process id. The special pid B<\"\n\"%PPID> can be used to name the parent process of the B program, in \"\n\"other words the calling shell or shell script.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:81\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>\"\nmsgstr \"B<0>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:84\nmsgid \"At least one program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:84\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:87\nmsgid \"No program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"I is actually the same program as B(8); the program behaves \"\n\"according to the name under which it is called.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is invoked with a full pathname to the program it should find \"\n\"the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible that it returns \"\n\"PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name as the program \"\n\"you're after but are actually other programs. Note that the executable name \"\n\"of running processes is calculated with B(2), so symbolic links to \"\n\"executables will also match.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Zombie processes or processes in disk sleep (states Z and D, respectively) \"\n\"are ignored, as attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail. \"\n\"The B<-z> flag (see above) tells B to try to detect these sleeping \"\n\"and zombie processes, at the risk of failing or hanging.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:110\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"READBOOTLOG\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOV 12, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"readbootlog - show contents of the boot log, stripping away control \"\n\"characters\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:31\nmsgid \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is a tool for reading the boot log (by default I). The program strips away control characters and non-human readable \"\n\"contents from the log file. Output is dumped to the terminal where it can be \"\n\"piped or redirected to a file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:48\nmsgid \"Displays a brief help message.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"/var/log/btmp\"\nmsgid \"/var/log/boot\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/btmp\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:59\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"B\"\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVEL\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 27, 1997\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:21\nmsgid \"runlevel - find the previous and current system runlevel\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:24\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"I\"\nmsgid \"B [I]\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B reads the system I file (typically I) to \"\n\"locate the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system \"\n\"runlevel on its standard output, separated by a single space. If there is no \"\n\"previous system runlevel, the letter B will be printed instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no I file exists, and if no runlevel record can be found in the I file, B prints the word B and exits \"\n\"with an error.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:49\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can be used in I scripts as a substitute for the System-V \"\n\"B command. However, in newer versions of B(8) this \"\n\"information is also available in the environment variables B and \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ utmp\n#. type: IP\n#: ../runlevel.8:51\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:54\nmsgid \"The name of the I file to read.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:57\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgid \"B(8), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SHUTDOWN\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"November 12, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:27\nmsgid \"shutdown - bring the system down\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-akrhPHfFncqQ>] [B<-t> I] I,B,B\"\nmsgid \"B, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"B,B,B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B atau B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B atau B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B atau B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s, S, single>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1-5>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-b, emergency>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a, auto>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z >I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"BERKAS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITCTL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"13 April 2018\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"INITSCRIPT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"10 Juli 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"4 Desember 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"KILLALL5\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"4 November 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST,\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"1\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"31 Juli 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is useful, e.g., \"\n\"to determine easily who was logged in at a particular time -- specify that \"\n\"time with B<-t> and look for \\\"still logged in\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-R>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-R>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:84\nmsgid \"Suppresses the display of the hostname field.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ -a\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:84 ../logsave.8:40 ../shutdown.8:56\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:87\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next \"\n\"flag.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:91\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host \"\n\"but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a \"\n\"hostname.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:91 ../shutdown.8:91\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-F>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-F>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:93\nmsgid \"Print full login and logout times and dates.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:96\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option is like B<-d> in that it displays the IP number of the remote \"\n\"host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:96\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-l>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option allows the display of usernames longer than 8 characters. This \"\n\"may mess up formatting in some programs and make the output wider than the \"\n\"standard 80 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:100 ../utmpdump.1:33\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:102\nmsgid \"Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:104\nmsgid \"Display full user and domain names in the output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:104 ../mountpoint.1:40 ../pidof.8:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-x>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-x>\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:107\nmsgid \"Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The files I and I might not be found. The system only logs \"\n\"information in these files if they are present. This is a local \"\n\"configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created \"\n\"with a simple B(1) command (for example, B).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:116\nmsgid \"/var/log/wtmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/wtmp\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:120\nmsgid \"/var/log/btmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/btmp\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:129\nmsgid \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../logsave.8:5\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LOGSAVE\"\nmsgstr \"LOGSAVE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:8\nmsgid \"logsave - save the output of a command in a logfile\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:14\nmsgid \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program will execute I with the specified \"\n\"argument(s), and save a copy of its output to I. If the containing \"\n\"directory for I does not exist, B will accumulate the \"\n\"output in memory until it can be written out. A copy of the output will \"\n\"also be written to standard output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I is a single hyphen ('-'), then instead of executing a \"\n\"program, B will take its input from standard input and save it in \"\n\"I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:39\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is useful for saving the output of initial boot scripts until the \"\n\"I partition is mounted, so the output can be written to I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause the output to be appended to I, instead of \"\n\"replacing its current contents.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause B to skip writing to the log file text which \"\n\"is bracketed with a control-A (ASCII 001 or Start of Header) and control-B \"\n\"(ASCII 002 or Start of Text). This allows progress bar information to be \"\n\"visible to the user on the console, while not being written to the log file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:58\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will make B to be more verbose in its output to the \"\n\"user.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:62\nmsgid \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:63\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MESG\"\nmsgstr \"MESG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Feb 26, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"26 Februari 2001\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../readbootlog.1:20 ../utmpdump.1:18\n#: ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"User Commands\"\nmsgstr \"Penggunaan halaman buku panduan\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:27\nmsgid \"mesg - control write access to your terminal\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:32\nmsgid \"B [B|B]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B|B]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B controls the access to your terminal by others. It's typically used \"\n\"to allow or disallow other users to write to your terminal (see B(1)).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:39\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:41\nmsgid \"Allow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:41\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:43\nmsgid \"Disallow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no option is given, B prints out the current access state of your \"\n\"terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that its standard input is connected to your terminal. That \"\n\"also means that if you are logged in multiple times, you can get/set the \"\n\"mesg status of other sessions by using redirection. For example \\\"mesg n \"\n\"E /dev/pts/46\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:62\nmsgid \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MOUNTPOINT\"\nmsgstr \"MOUNTPOINT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Mar 15, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"15 Maret 2004\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:21\nmsgid \"mountpoint - see if a directory is a mountpoint\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:26\nmsgid \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:30\nmsgid \"B B<-x> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:32\nmsgid \"B checks if the directory is a mountpoint.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mountpoint.1:34 ../pidof.8:60 ../shutdown.8:107\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-q>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-q>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:36\nmsgid \"Be quiet - don't print anything.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:38\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the filesystem on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Check Linux's I file to try to detect circular mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:42\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the blockdevice on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:44\nmsgid \"Zero if the directory is a mountpoint, non-zero if not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Symbolic links are not followed, except when the B<-x> option is used. To \"\n\"force following symlinks, add a trailing slash to the path of the directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:52\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The name of the command is misleading when the B<-x> option is used, but the \"\n\"option is useful for comparing if a directory and a device match up, and \"\n\"there is no other command that can print the info easily.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The mountpoint command fails when a directory is binded to one of its \"\n\"grandparents. For example, if /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then \"\n\"mountpoint will report /a/b/c/d is not a valid mount point. This is because \"\n\"both the original directory and its new mount point share the same inode and \"\n\"device number.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The circular mount problem can be worked around on Linux systems by using \"\n\"theB<-p> flag to check the I file for references to the \"\n\"circular mount bind. When using the B<-p> flag, make sure to specify the \"\n\"full path (ie I and not just I). Also, B may \"\n\"still fail if there are spaces in the mount point's path, even when using \"\n\"the B<-p> flag because of the way B mangles the spaces in the \"\n\"path name. Of course, if the admin is using circular mount points with \"\n\"spaces in the name, there are bigger concerns.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:71\nmsgid \"B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"PIDOF\"\nmsgstr \"PIDOF\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"01 Sep 1998\"\nmsgstr \"1 September 1998\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:21\nmsgid \"pidof - find the process ID of a running program\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> I] I \"\n\"[I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B finds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs. It prints \"\n\"those id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems used in \"\n\"run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a I like \"\n\"I structure. In that case these scripts are located in I, \"\n\"where ? is the runlevel. If the system has a B(8) program \"\n\"that should be used instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:47\nmsgid \"Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:51\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Only return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory. \"\n\"This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check \"\n\"the current root directory of processes they do not own.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:60\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Avoid B(2) system function call on all binaries which are located on \"\n\"network based file systems like B. Instead of using this option the \"\n\"variable B may be set and exported.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Do not display matched PIDs to standard out. Simply exit with a status of \"\n\"true or false to indicate whether a matching PID was found.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of shells \"\n\"running the named scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:66\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:73\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Try to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z) status. Usually these \"\n\"processes are skipped as trying to deal with them can cause pidof or related \"\n\"tools to hang. Note: In the past pidof would ignore processes in the \"\n\"uninterruptable state (D), unless the B<-z> flag was specified. This is no \"\n\"longer the case. The B program will find and report processes in the \"\n\"D state whether B<-z> is specified or not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-d I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:76\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to use I as an output separator if more than one PID is \"\n\"shown. The default separator is a space.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:76\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-o I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:80\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to omit processes with that process id. The special pid B<\"\n\"%PPID> can be used to name the parent process of the B program, in \"\n\"other words the calling shell or shell script.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:81\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>\"\nmsgstr \"B<0>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:84\nmsgid \"At least one program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:84\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:87\nmsgid \"No program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"I is actually the same program as B(8); the program behaves \"\n\"according to the name under which it is called.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is invoked with a full pathname to the program it should find \"\n\"the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible that it returns \"\n\"PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name as the program \"\n\"you're after but are actually other programs. Note that the executable name \"\n\"of running processes is calculated with B(2), so symbolic links to \"\n\"executables will also match.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Zombie processes or processes in disk sleep (states Z and D, respectively) \"\n\"are ignored, as attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail. \"\n\"The B<-z> flag (see above) tells B to try to detect these sleeping \"\n\"and zombie processes, at the risk of failing or hanging.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:110\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"READBOOTLOG\"\nmsgstr \"READBOOTLOG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOV 12, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"12 November 2018\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"readbootlog - show contents of the boot log, stripping away control \"\n\"characters\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:31\nmsgid \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is a tool for reading the boot log (by default I). The program strips away control characters and non-human readable \"\n\"contents from the log file. Output is dumped to the terminal where it can be \"\n\"piped or redirected to a file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:48\nmsgid \"Displays a brief help message.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52\nmsgid \"/var/log/boot\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/boot\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:59\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVEL\"\nmsgstr \"RUNLEVEL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 27, 1997\"\nmsgstr \"27 Mei 1997\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:21\nmsgid \"runlevel - find the previous and current system runlevel\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:24\nmsgid \"B [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B reads the system I file (typically I) to \"\n\"locate the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system \"\n\"runlevel on its standard output, separated by a single space. If there is no \"\n\"previous system runlevel, the letter B will be printed instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no I file exists, and if no runlevel record can be found in the I file, B prints the word B and exits \"\n\"with an error.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:49\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can be used in I scripts as a substitute for the System-V \"\n\"B command. However, in newer versions of B(8) this \"\n\"information is also available in the environment variables B and \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ utmp\n#. type: IP\n#: ../runlevel.8:51\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:54\nmsgid \"The name of the I file to read.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:57\nmsgid \"B(8), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SHUTDOWN\"\nmsgstr \"SHUTDOWN\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"November 12, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"12 November 2003\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:27\nmsgid \"shutdown - bring the system down\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-akrhPHfFncqQ>] [B<-t> I] I,\"\n#~ msgstr \"B,\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"fstab-decode\"\n#~ msgstr \"fstab-decode\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Jesse Smith Ejsmith@resonatingmedia.comE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Jesse Smith Ejsmith@resonatingmedia.comE\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"@E2FSPROGS_MONTH@ @E2FSPROGS_YEAR@\"\n#~ msgstr \"@E2FSPROGS_MONTH@ @E2FSPROGS_YEAR@\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu)\"\n#~ msgstr \"Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu)\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl)\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-s\"\n#~ msgstr \"-s\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-c\"\n#~ msgstr \"-c\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-n\"\n#~ msgstr \"-n\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-q\"\n#~ msgstr \"-q\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-x\"\n#~ msgstr \"-x\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-z\"\n#~ msgstr \"-z\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 249\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 249\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"halt\"\n#~ msgstr \"halt\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [PILIHAN...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [PILIHAN...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [PILIHAN...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--help>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--help>\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~ msgid \"Print a short help text and exit\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"Tampilkan sebuah pesan bantuan dan keluar.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--halt>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--halt>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--no-wall>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--no-wall>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n#~ msgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 250\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 249\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~ msgid \"shutdown - Halt, power-off or reboot the machine\"\n#~ msgstr \"shutdown - menghentikan sistem\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-H>, B<--halt>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-H>, B<--halt>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-P>, B<--poweroff>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-P>, B<--poweroff>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-r>, B<--reboot>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-r>, B<--reboot>\"\n" }, { "path": "man/po/pl.po", "content": "# Polish translation of the sysvinit man pages.\n# Marcin Garski , 1997.\n# Paweł Wilk , 1998.\n# Przemek Borys , 1998-1999.\n# Wojtek Kotwica , 1999-2000.\n# Robert Luberda , 2005, 2017.\n# Szymon Lamkiewicz , 2020.\n# Michał Kułach , 2012-2013, 2016, 2021.\nmsgid \"\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Project-Id-Version: sysvinit-man\\n\"\n\"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Your Bugmail \\n\"\n\"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-01 15:59-0300\\n\"\n\"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-03-17 19:36+0100\\n\"\n\"Last-Translator: Michał Kułach \\n\"\n\"Language-Team: Polish \\n\"\n\"Language: pl\\n\"\n\"MIME-Version: 1.0\\n\"\n\"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\\n\"\n\"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\\n\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTLOGD\"\nmsgstr \"BOOTLOGD\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 21, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"21 lipca 2003\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18 ../fstab-decode.8:20 ../halt.8:20 ../init.8:20\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20 ../killall5.8:18\n#: ../last.1:20 ../logsave.8:5 ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../pidof.8:18\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20 ../runlevel.8:18 ../shutdown.8:20 ../sulogin.8:18\n#: ../utmpdump.1:18 ../wall.1:18\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B\"\nmsgid \"sysvinit \"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18 ../fstab-decode.8:20 ../halt.8:20 ../init.8:20\n#: ../killall5.8:18 ../logsave.8:5 ../pidof.8:18 ../runlevel.8:18\n#: ../shutdown.8:20 ../sulogin.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\nmsgstr \"Podręcznik administratora systemu Linux\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:19 ../fstab-decode.8:22 ../halt.8:23 ../init.8:23\n#: ../initctl.5:18 ../initscript.5:19 ../inittab.5:23 ../killall5.8:19\n#: ../last.1:23 ../logsave.8:6 ../mesg.1:23 ../mountpoint.1:19 ../pidof.8:19\n#: ../readbootlog.1:23 ../runlevel.8:19 ../shutdown.8:23 ../sulogin.8:19\n#: ../utmpdump.1:19 ../wall.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NAME\"\nmsgstr \"NAZWA\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:21\nmsgid \"bootlogd - record boot messages\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:21 ../fstab-decode.8:25 ../halt.8:27 ../init.8:27\n#: ../initctl.5:20 ../initscript.5:21 ../killall5.8:21 ../last.1:27\n#: ../logsave.8:8 ../mesg.1:27 ../mountpoint.1:21 ../pidof.8:21\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27 ../runlevel.8:21 ../shutdown.8:27 ../sulogin.8:21\n#: ../utmpdump.1:21 ../wall.1:23\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SYNOPSIS\"\nmsgstr \"SKŁADNIA\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:31\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B [B< -a >] [B< -s >] [B< -b >] [ B<-z> I ] [B< \"\n#| \"0123456Ss >]\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-c>] [B<-d>] [B<-e>] [B<-r>] [B<-s>] [B<-v>] [I< >B<-\"\n\"l>I< logfile >] [I< >B<-p>I< pidfile >]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B< -a >] [B< -s >] [B< -b >] [B< -z> I] [B< 0123456Ss >]\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:31 ../fstab-decode.8:28 ../halt.8:53 ../init.8:46\n#: ../initctl.5:22 ../initscript.5:23 ../inittab.5:28 ../killall5.8:28\n#: ../last.1:48 ../logsave.8:14 ../mesg.1:32 ../mountpoint.1:30 ../pidof.8:36\n#: ../readbootlog.1:34 ../runlevel.8:24 ../shutdown.8:36 ../sulogin.8:27\n#: ../utmpdump.1:25 ../wall.1:28\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"DESCRIPTION\"\nmsgstr \"OPIS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:35\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B runs in the background and copies all strings sent to the I device to a logfile. If the I is not accessible, the \"\n\"messages will be kept in memory until it is.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:35 ../halt.8:68 ../killall5.8:34 ../last.1:70 ../logsave.8:39\n#: ../mesg.1:38 ../mountpoint.1:33 ../pidof.8:44 ../readbootlog.1:42\n#: ../runlevel.8:49 ../shutdown.8:54 ../utmpdump.1:28 ../wall.1:52\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"OPTIONS\"\nmsgstr \"OPCJE\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:36 ../halt.8:75 ../last.1:87 ../mountpoint.1:36\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-d>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-d>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:38\nmsgid \"Do not fork and run in the background.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:38\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-e>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-e>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Print escape characters to the boot log file. This turns off filtering of \"\n\"escape characters and allows tools like GNU B(1) to see and use colour \"\n\"control characters (show the log in colour).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:42 ../pidof.8:47 ../shutdown.8:101\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-c>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-c>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:47\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Attempt to write to the logfile even if it does not yet exist. Without this \"\n\"option, B will wait for the logfile to appear before attempting to \"\n\"write to it. This behavior prevents B from creating logfiles under \"\n\"mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:47 ../shutdown.8:64 ../utmpdump.1:31\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-r>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-r>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:50\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If there is an existing logfile called I rename it to I \"\n\"unless I already exists.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:50 ../logsave.8:45 ../pidof.8:45\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Ensure that the data is written to the file after each line by calling \"\n\"B(3). This will slow down a B(8) process running in \"\n\"parallel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:56 ../logsave.8:53\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-v>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-v>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:58\nmsgid \"Show version.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:58\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\nmsgid \"B<-l> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:60\nmsgid \"Log to this logfile. The default is I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:60\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\nmsgid \"B<-p> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>, B<--file> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:62\nmsgid \"Put process-id in this file. The default is no pidfile.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:62 ../halt.8:94 ../initctl.5:119 ../initscript.5:60\n#: ../killall5.8:37 ../last.1:107 ../mesg.1:48 ../mountpoint.1:44 ../pidof.8:87\n#: ../shutdown.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOTES\"\nmsgstr \"UWAGI\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:67\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B saves log data which includes control characters. The log is \"\n\"technically a text file, but not very easy for humans to read. To address \"\n\"this the B(1) command can be used to display the boot log \"\n\"without the control characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:67 ../utmpdump.1:52\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BUGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B works by redirecting the console output from the console \"\n\"device. (Consequently B requires PTY support in the kernel \"\n\"configuration.) It copies that output to the real console device and to a \"\n\"log file. There is no standard way of ascertaining the real console device \"\n\"if you have a new-style I device (major 5, minor 1) so \"\n\"B parses the kernel command line looking for B lines \"\n\"and deduces the real console device from that. If that syntax is ever \"\n\"changed by the kernel, or a console type is used that B does not \"\n\"know about then B will not work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:78 ../halt.8:116 ../init.8:337 ../initctl.5:147\n#: ../initscript.5:68 ../inittab.5:275 ../killall5.8:48 ../last.1:120\n#: ../logsave.8:58 ../mesg.1:53 ../mountpoint.1:66 ../pidof.8:110\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52 ../runlevel.8:57 ../shutdown.8:232 ../sulogin.8:84\n#: ../utmpdump.1:60 ../wall.1:74\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"AUTHOR\"\nmsgstr \"AUTOR\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:82 ../halt.8:122 ../initscript.5:72 ../killall5.8:51\n#: ../last.1:126 ../mesg.1:59 ../mountpoint.1:70 ../pidof.8:113\n#: ../runlevel.8:60 ../shutdown.8:238 ../sulogin.8:88 ../wall.1:77\nmsgid \"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:82 ../fstab-decode.8:67 ../halt.8:122 ../init.8:346\n#: ../initctl.5:151 ../initscript.5:72 ../inittab.5:290 ../killall5.8:44\n#: ../last.1:126 ../logsave.8:62 ../mesg.1:59 ../mountpoint.1:70 ../pidof.8:104\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58 ../runlevel.8:54 ../shutdown.8:238 ../sulogin.8:88\n#: ../utmpdump.1:62 ../wall.1:70\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SEE ALSO\"\nmsgstr \"ZOBACZ TAKŻE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:85\nmsgid \"B(8), B(3), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(3), B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FSTAB-DECODE\"\nmsgstr \"FSTAB-DECODE\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 2006\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:24\nmsgid \"fstab-decode - run a command with fstab-encoded arguments\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:27\nmsgid \"B I [I]...\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B decodes escapes (such as newline characters and other \"\n\"whitespace) in the specified Is and uses them to run I. \"\n\"The argument escaping uses the same rules as path escaping in I, \"\n\"I and I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In essence B can be used anytime we want to pass multiple \"\n\"parameters to a command as a list of command line arguments. It turns output \"\n\"like this:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/root\\n\"\n\"/mnt/remote-disk\\n\"\n\"/home\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:49\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Into one long list of parameters, \\\"/root /mnt/remote-disk /home\\\". This\\n\"\n\"can be useful when trying to work with multiple filesystems at once. For\\n\"\n\"instance, we can use it to unmount multiple NFS shares. This program also\\n\"\n\"removes whitespace and other characters which might cause programs such\\n\"\n\"as B(8) or B(8) to fail.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:50 ../killall5.8:40 ../mountpoint.1:42 ../pidof.8:80\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"EXIT STATUS\"\nmsgstr \"KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B exits with status 127 if I can't be run. Otherwise \"\n\"it exits with the status returned by I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Examples\n#. type: SH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:57 ../initctl.5:93 ../initscript.5:28 ../inittab.5:204\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"EXAMPLES\"\nmsgstr \"PRZYKŁADY\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:62\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following example reads I, finds all instances of VFAT \"\n\"filesystems and prints their mount points (argument 2 in the I \"\n\"file). B then runs the specified program, B(8), and \"\n\"passes it the list of VFAT mountpoints. This unmounts all VFAT partitions.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:65\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:68\nmsgid \"B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../halt.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"HALT\"\nmsgstr \"HALT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../halt.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Nov 6, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"6 listopada 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:27\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"halt, poweroff, reboot - Halt, power-off or reboot the machine\"\nmsgid \"halt, reboot, poweroff - stop the system\"\nmsgstr \"halt, poweroff, reboot - zatrzymuje, wyłącza lub przeładowuje komputer\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:36\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-p>] [B<-h>]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-p>] [B<-h>]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:43\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:53\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-h>]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-h>]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B notes that the system is being brought down in the file I, and then either tells the kernel to halt, reboot or power-off the \"\n\"system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B or B is called when the system is I in runlevel B<0> \"\n\"or B<6>, in other words when it's running normally, B will be \"\n\"invoked instead (with the B<-h> or B<-r> flag). For more info see the \"\n\"B(8) manpage.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The rest of this manpage describes the behavior in runlevels 0 and 6, that \"\n\"is when the systems shutdown scripts are being run.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:69 ../pidof.8:51 ../shutdown.8:95 ../wall.1:53\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:72\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Don't sync before reboot or halt. Note that the kernel and storage drivers \"\n\"may still sync. This implies B<-d>.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:72 ../last.1:102\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-w>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-w>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:75\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Don't actually reboot or halt but only write the wtmp record (in the I file).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:77\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"Do not write wtmp shutdown entry\\\\&.\"\nmsgid \"Don't write the wtmp record.\"\nmsgstr \"Nie dokonuje wpisu wtmp\\\\&.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:77 ../shutdown.8:87 ../utmpdump.1:29\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:79\nmsgid \"Force halt or reboot, don't call B(8).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:79 ../last.1:93\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-i>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-i>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:83\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Shut down all network interfaces just before B or B. Warning: \"\n\"This may not work on interfaces which do not have an IP address and should \"\n\"ideally be handled by a network manager service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:83 ../readbootlog.1:45 ../shutdown.8:68 ../utmpdump.1:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-h>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-h>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:85\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Put all hard drives on the system in stand-by mode just before halt or power-\"\n\"off.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:85 ../mountpoint.1:38\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-p>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-p>\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When halting the system, switch off the power. This is the default when \"\n\"B is called as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../halt.8:90 ../init.8:327\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"DIAGNOSTICS\"\nmsgstr \"DIAGNOSTYKA\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:94\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If you're not the superuser, you will get the message `must be superuser'.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Under older B releases, B and B should never be \"\n\"called directly. From release 2.74 on B and B invoke \"\n\"B(8) if the system is not in runlevel 0 or 6. This means that if \"\n\"B or B cannot find out the current runlevel (for example, when \"\n\"I hasn't been initialized correctly and I \"\n\"does not exist) B will be called, which might not be what you \"\n\"want. Use the B<-f> flag if you want to do a hard B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:109\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B<-h> flag puts all hard disks in standby mode just before halt or power-\"\n\"off. Right now this is only implemented for IDE drives. A side effect of \"\n\"putting the drive in stand-by mode is that the write cache on the disk is \"\n\"flushed. This is important for IDE drives, since the kernel doesn't flush \"\n\"the write cache itself before power-off.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:113\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program uses I to find all IDE disk devices, \"\n\"which means that I needs to be mounted when B or B is \"\n\"called or the B<-h> switch will do nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:124\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../init.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INIT\"\nmsgstr \"INIT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../init.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"29 Jul 2004\"\nmsgstr \"29 lipca 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:27\nmsgid \"init, telinit - process control initialization\"\nmsgstr \"init, telinit - sterowanie procesu inicjującego\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B< -a >] [B< -s >] [B< -b >] [ B<-z> I ] [B< 0123456Ss >]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B< -a >] [B< -s >] [B< -b >] [B< -z> I] [B< 0123456Ss >]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:37\nmsgid \"B [B< --version >]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B< --version >]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:41\nmsgid \"B [ B<-t> I ] [B< 0123456sSQqabcUu >]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B< -t> I ] [B< 0123456sSQqabcUu >]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:46\nmsgid \"B [ B<-e> I[B<=>I] ]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B< -e> I[B<=>I] ]\"\n\n#. {{{ init\n#. type: SS\n#: ../init.8:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Init\"\nmsgstr \"Init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create \"\n\"processes from a script stored in the file I (see \"\n\"B(5)). This file usually has entries which cause B to spawn \"\n\"Bs on each line that users can log in. It also controls autonomous \"\n\"processes required by any particular system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B jest przodkiem wszystkich procesów. Jego głównym zadaniem jest \"\n\"stworzenie procesów w oparciu o skrypt zapisany w pliku I \"\n\"(patrz też B(5)). Ten plik zawiera zwykle pozycje, które każą \"\n\"procesowi B pomnażać B na każdej linii, na które użytkownicy \"\n\"mogą się zalogować. Kontroluje też samodzielne procesy, których istnienie \"\n\"jest konieczne w danym systemie.\"\n\n#. {{{ Runlevels\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVELS\"\nmsgstr \"POZIOMY PRACY\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A I is a software configuration of the system which allows only a \"\n\"selected group of processes to exist. The processes spawned by B for \"\n\"each of these runlevels are defined in the I file. B \"\n\"can be in one of eight runlevels: B<0\\\\(en6> and B (a.k.a. B). The \"\n\"runlevel is changed by having a privileged user run B, which sends \"\n\"appropriate signals to B, telling it which runlevel to change to.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"I (poziom pracy) jest to konfiguracja oprogramowania systemu, \"\n\"która pozwala zaistnieć tylko wytypowanym grupom procesów. Procesy tworzone \"\n\"przez B dla każdego z tych poziomów są zdefiniowane w pliku I. B może być w jednym z ośmiu poziomów pracy: B<0\\\\(en6> i \"\n\"B (inaczej B). Poziom pracy jest zmieniany przez uruchomienie \"\n\"B przez uprzywilejowanego użytkownika. B wysyła \"\n\"odpowiednie sygnały do B, mówiące, w jaki tryb ma przejść.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:75\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels B, B<0>, B<1>, and B<6> are reserved. Runlevel S is used to \"\n\"initialize the system on boot. When starting runlevel S (on boot) or \"\n\"runlevel 1 (switching from a multi-user runlevel) the system is entering \"\n\"``single-user mode'', after which the current runlevel is S. Runlevel 0 is \"\n\"used to halt the system; runlevel 6 is used to reboot the system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Tryby pracy B, B<0>, B<1>, oraz B<6> są zarezerwowane. Tryb S jest \"\n\"używany do zainicjowania systemu, podczas jego rozruchu. Gdy uruchamiany \"\n\"jest tryb pracy S (w czasie rozruchu) lub tryb pracy 1 (przełączanie się z \"\n\"trybu wielu użytkowników), system jest wprowadzany w tryb pracy jednego \"\n\"użytkownika (\\\"single-user mode\\\"), po którym bieżącym poziomem pracy jest \"\n\"S. Tryb 0 jest używany, by zatrzymać system; tryb 6, by przeładować system \"\n\"(reboot).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After booting through S the system automatically enters one of the multi-\"\n\"user runlevels 2 through 5, unless there was some problem that needs to be \"\n\"fixed by the administrator in single-user mode. Normally after entering \"\n\"single-user mode the administrator performs maintenance and then reboots the \"\n\"system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Po zakończeniu rozruchu w poziomie S, system jest automatycznie wprowadzany \"\n\"w jeden z trybów wielu użytkowników, od 2 do 5, chyba że wystąpił problem, \"\n\"który musi zostać naprawiony przez administratora, w trybie jednego \"\n\"użytkownika. Po przejściu w tryb jednego użytkownika administrator zwykle \"\n\"zajmuje się konserwacją, a następnie przeładowuje system.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:85\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For more information, see the manpages for B(8) and B(5).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Aby uzyskać więcej informacji na ten temat, proszę zapoznać się ze stronami \"\n\"podręcznika B(8) i B(5).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels 7-9 are also valid, though not really documented. This is because \"\n\"\\\"traditional\\\" Unix variants don't use them.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Tryby pracy 7-9 również są poprawne, choć niezbyt dobrze udokumentowane. \"\n\"Wynika to z faktu, że \\\"tradycyjne\\\" warianty Uniksa nie używają ich.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels I and I are the same. Internally they are aliases for the \"\n\"same runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Poziomy I i I są w rzeczywistości takie same. Wewnętrznie są to tylko \"\n\"zastępcze nazwy dla tego samego trybu pracy.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:93\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTING\"\nmsgstr \"ROZRUCH\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After B is invoked as the last step of the kernel boot sequence, it \"\n\"looks for the file I to see if there is an entry of the type \"\n\"B (see B(5)). The B entry determines the \"\n\"initial runlevel of the system. If there is no such entry (or no I at all), a runlevel must be entered at the system console.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Po tym jak B jest wywołany w ostatnim kroku sekwencji rozruchowej \"\n\"jądra, szuka pliku I w celu znalezienia w nim pola typu \"\n\"B (patrz też B(5)). Pole B określa \"\n\"początkowy poziom pracy systemu. Jeśli nie ma tam takiego pola (lub wcale \"\n\"nie istnieje I), poziom pracy musi być podany z konsoli \"\n\"systemowej.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevel B or B initialize the system and do not require an I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Poziom B lub B wprowadza system w tryb jednego użytkownika i nie \"\n\"wymaga pliku I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:105\nmsgid \"In single user mode, B is invoked on I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"W trybie jednego użytkownika, wywoływany jest B na urządzeniu \"\n\"I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:109\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When entering single user mode, B initializes the consoles B \"\n\"settings to sane values. Clocal mode is set. Hardware speed and handshaking \"\n\"are not changed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Podczas wchodzenia w tryb jednego użytkownika, proces B inicjuje \"\n\"ustawienia B konsoli na bezpieczne wartości. Ustawiany jest tryb \"\n\"clocal. Prędkość sprzętu i handshaking nie są zmieniane.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When entering a multi-user mode for the first time, B performs the \"\n\"B and B entries to allow file systems to be mounted before \"\n\"users can log in. Then all entries matching the runlevel are processed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Podczas wchodzenia w tryb wielu użytkowników po raz pierwszy, B \"\n\"wykonuje pozycje B i B, by pozwolić systemom plików \"\n\"zamontować się zanim użytkownicy będą mogli się zalogować. Potem wykonywane \"\n\"są wszystkie pozycje przypisane danemu poziomowi pracy.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:118\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When starting a new process, B first checks whether the file I exists. If it does, it uses this script to start the process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Kiedy nowy proces startuje, B sprawdza najpierw, czy istnieje plik I. Jeśli tak, używa tego skryptu by ten proces zacząć.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:122\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Each time a child terminates, B records the fact and the reason it \"\n\"died in I and I, provided that these files \"\n\"exist.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Za każdym razem, gdy proces potomny się zakończy, B zapamiętuje ten \"\n\"fakt i powód śmierci procesu jest zapisany w I i I, pod warunkiem, że te pliki istnieją.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:122\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CHANGING RUNLEVELS\"\nmsgstr \"ZMIENIANIE TRYBÓW PRACY\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:132\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"After it has spawned all of the processes specified, B waits for \"\n#| \"one of its descendant processes to die, a powerfail signal, or until it \"\n#| \"is signaled by B to change the system's runlevel. When one of \"\n#| \"the above three conditions occurs, it re-examines the B \"\n#| \"file. New entries can be added to this file at any time. However, \"\n#| \"B still waits for one of the above three conditions to occur. To \"\n#| \"provide for an instantaneous response, the B or B command \"\n#| \"can wake up B to re-examine the B file.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After it has spawned all of the processes specified, B waits for one \"\n\"of its descendant processes to die, a powerfail signal, or until it is \"\n\"signaled by B to change the system's runlevel. When one of the \"\n\"above three conditions occurs, it re-examines the I file. New \"\n\"entries can be added to this file at any time. However, B still waits \"\n\"for one of the above three conditions to occur. To provide for an \"\n\"instantaneous response, the B or B command can wake up B \"\n\"to re-examine (reload) the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Po tym jak \\\"namnożone\\\" zostaną wszystkie wyszczególnione procesy, B \"\n\"czeka na śmierć każdego swojego procesu potomnego, sygnał braku energii lub \"\n\"zasygnalizowanie przez B zmiany poziomu działania systemu. Gdy \"\n\"wystąpi jeden spośród tych trzech warunków, ponownie sprawdzany jest plik B, ponieważ nowe pola mogą być do niego dodane w każdej chwili. \"\n\"Jednakowoż, B wciąż oczekuje na wystąpienie jednego z tych trzech \"\n\"warunków. By przygotować się na natychmiastową odpowiedź, B albo \"\n\"użyta komenda B może obudzić proces B, by jeszcze raz przeczytał \"\n\"plik B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:136\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B is not in single user mode and receives a powerfail signal \"\n\"(SIGPWR), it reads the file I. It then starts a command \"\n\"based on the contents of this file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jeśli B nie jest w trybie jednego użytkownika i odbiera sygnał zaniku \"\n\"energii (SIGPWR), czyta plik I. Następnie uruchamia \"\n\"polecenie zależne od zawartości tego pliku:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"F(AIL)\"\nmsgstr \"F(AIL)\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:139\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Power is failing, UPS is providing the power. Execute the B and \"\n\"B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Zawodzi zasilanie, UPS dostarcza mocy. Wykonuje wpisy B i \"\n\"B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:139\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"O(K)\"\nmsgstr \"O(K)\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:141\nmsgid \"The power has been restored, execute the B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"Zasilanie powróciło, uruchamia wpisy B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:141\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"L(OW)\"\nmsgstr \"L(OW)\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:144\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The power is failing and the UPS has a low battery. Execute the \"\n\"B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Zasilanie zawodzi, a UPS-owi wyczerpuje się bateria. Wykonuje wpisy \"\n\"B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:148\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I doesn't exist or contains anything else then the \"\n\"letters B, B or B, B will behave as if it has read the letter \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jeżeli plik I nie istnieje lub zawiera cokolwiek innego \"\n\"niż jedną z liter B, B lub B, B zachowa się tak, jakby \"\n\"przeczytał B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:153\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"Usage of B and B is discouraged. Someone \"\n#| \"wanting to interact with B should use the B control \"\n#| \"channel - see the source code of the B package for more \"\n#| \"documentation about this.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usage of B and I is discouraged. Someone wanting \"\n\"to interact with B should use the I control channel - \"\n\"see the B(5) manual page for more documentation about this.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Używanie B i B nie jest zalecane. Jeżeli ktoś chce \"\n\"współdziałać z Bem, powinien użyć kanału kontroli B - \"\n\"proszę przeczytać kod źródłowy pakietu B po więcej dokumentacji \"\n\"dotyczącej tego kanału.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ telinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:165\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is requested to change the runlevel, it sends the warning \"\n\"signal B to all processes that are undefined in the new runlevel. \"\n\"It then waits 3 seconds before forcibly terminating these processes via the \"\n\"B signal. Note that B assumes that all these processes (and \"\n\"their descendants) remain in the same process group which B originally \"\n\"created for them. If any process changes its process group affiliation it \"\n\"will not receive these signals. Such processes need to be terminated \"\n\"separately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Gdy B jest proszony o zmianę poziomu działania, wysyła sygnał \"\n\"ostrzegawczy B do wszystkich procesów, które nie są zdefiniowane w \"\n\"nowym poziomie pracy. Potem czeka 5 sekund zanim \\\"na siłę\\\" zakończy te \"\n\"procesy poprzez sygnał B. Zauważ, że B zakłada, że wszystkie \"\n\"te procesy (i ich potomki) pozostają w tej samej grupie procesów, którą \"\n\"B oryginalnie im utworzył. Jeżeli jakikolwiek proces zmienił swą \"\n\"przynależność do grupy procesów to nie odbierze tych sygnałów. Tego typu \"\n\"procesy muszą być kończone osobno (np. demony wszelakie - przyp. tłum.).\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:165\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"TELINIT\"\nmsgstr \"TELINIT\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:170\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is linked to B. It takes a one-character \"\n\"argument and signals B to perform the appropriate action. The \"\n\"following arguments serve as directives to B:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B jest symbolicznym dowiązaniem do B. Pobiera on \"\n\"jednoznakowy argument i sygnały B, by podjął stosowne działanie. \"\n\"Poniższe argumenty można stosować jako rozkazy dla B:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:170\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>, B<1>, B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5> or B<6>\"\nmsgstr \"B<0>, B<1>, B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5> lub B<6>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:172\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to the specified run level.\"\nmsgstr \"mówią procesowi B by przełączył w odpowiedni poziom działania.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:172\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#| msgid \"B,B,B\"\nmsgid \"B, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"B,B,B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n#| \"runlevel B,B or B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"każą procesowi B by przetwarzał tylko te pola pliku B, \"\n\"które odnoszą się do poziomu pracy B,B lub B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B lub B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"każą procesowi B jeszcze raz przeczytać plik I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B lub B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"mówią żeby B przełączył w tryb jednego użytkownika.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B lub B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"każą procesowi B przeładować się (zachowując obecny stan). Nie \"\n\"występuje ponowne odczytywanie pliku I. Poziom pracy powinien \"\n\"być ustawiony na B, w przeciwnym wypadku żądanie może być \"\n\"\\\"delikatnie\\\" zignorowane.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B może także powiedzieć procesowi B, jak długo powinien on \"\n\"czekać między wysyłaniem sygnałów B i B. Domyślną \"\n\"wartością jest 3 sekund, ale może być ona zmieniona za pomocą opcji B<-t>.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B mówi procesowi B, aby zmienił środowisko procesów, które \"\n\"mnoży. Argumenty do B<-e> mogą mieć postać I=I, która \"\n\"ustawia zmiennej I wartość I lub postać I (bez \"\n\"znaku równości), która usuwa zmienną I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B może być wywoływany tylko przez użytkowników uprzywilejowanych.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wywołany B sprawdza czy jest procesem inicjującym B czy też jest \"\n\"wywołany jako B poprzez wgląd w swój I; \"\n\"prawdziwy identyfikator procesu B ma zawsze wartość B<1>. Teraz już \"\n\"wiadomo, że zamiast wywoływać B możesz też po prostu użyć B, \"\n\"a nie skrótu.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"ŚRODOWISKO\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B ustawia następujące zmienne środowiskowe dla wszystkich swoich \"\n\"dzieci:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jak mówi nazwa - wersja programu. Użyteczne dla określenia, jeśli skrypt \"\n\"uruchamia się bezpośrednio z B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"Obecny poziom pracy systemu.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"Poprzedni poziom pracy systemu (użyteczne po zmianie poziomów).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Konsola systemu. Tak naprawdę ta wartość jest przyjmowana od jądra; jednak \"\n\"jeśli nie jest ustawiona B ustawi ją domyślnie na I.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"FLAGI STARTOWE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jest możliwe by przekazać pewne flagi do procesu B z monitora \"\n\"startowego (np. LILO lub GRUB). B dopuszcza stosowanie następujących \"\n\"flag:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s, S, single>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Rozruch w trybie jednego użytkownika. W tym trybie I jest \"\n\"sprawdzany (wczytywany) i skrypty startowe rc są zwykle uruchamiane zanim \"\n\"wystartuje powłoka dla trybu jednego użytkownika.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1-5>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"Poziom działania w jakim system ma wystartować.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-b, emergency>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Wejście bezpośrednio w tryb jednego użytkownika bez uruchamiania żadnych \"\n\"innych skryptów startowych.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a, auto>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Program ładujący LILO dodaje słowo \\\"auto\\\" do linii poleceń, jeżeli \"\n\"uruchomił jądro z domyślną linią poleceń (użytkownik jej nie zmieniał). \"\n\"Jeżeli B znajdzie to słowo, ustawi zmienną środowiskową \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" \"\n\"na \\\"yes\\\". Proszę zauważyć, że nie można tego użyć jako środka \"\n\"bezpieczeństwa - oczywiści użytkownik mógł ręcznie w linii poleceń wpisać \"\n\"\\\"auto\\\" użyć opcji B<-a>.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z >I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Argument opcji B<-z> jest ignorowany. Może być użyta do wydłużenia linii \"\n\"poleceń, tak żeby zajmowała więcej miejsca na stosie. B może wtedy \"\n\"manipulować linią poleceń, tak żeby B(1) pokazywało bieżący tryb \"\n\"uruchomienia.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"INTERFEJS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B nasłuchuje wiadomości na łączu I w /dev, I. \"\n\"B używa tego do komunikacji z procesem init. Ten interfejs nie jest \"\n\"zbyt dobrze udokumentowany czy skończony. Zainteresowani powinni \"\n\"przestudiować plik I w podkatalogu I archiwum tarowego z \"\n\"kodem źródłowym B.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"SYGNAŁY\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"Init reaguje na następujące sygnały:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"Ma ten sam efekt co B.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"On receipt of this signals, init closes and re-opens its control fifo, B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Po odebraniu tego sygnału, init zamyka i ponownie otwiera swoją kontrolkę \"\n\"fifo, B.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"Normally the kernel sends this signal to init when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n#| \"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Zwykle ten sygnał jest wysyłany z jądra by powiedzieć, że wciśnięta została \"\n\"kombinacja klawiszy CTRL-ALT-DEL. Powoduje to rozpoczęcie akcji \"\n\"I.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jądro wysyła ten sygnał jeśli wciśnięty został klawisz I. \"\n\"Aktywuje to akcję I.\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"ZGODNE Z\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B jest kompatybilny z init obecnym System V. Działa razem ze skryptami \"\n\"w katalogach I i I. Jeśli twój \"\n\"system używa tej konwencji, to powinien być obecny plik I w katalogu \"\n\"I wyjaśniający, jak te skrypty działają.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"PLIKI\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"OSTRZEŻENIA\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B zakłada, że procesy i ich procesy potomne pozostają w tej samej \"\n\"grupie procesów, która była dla nich oryginalnie stworzona. Jeżeli \"\n\"jakikolwiek proces zmienił swą przynależność do grupy procesów, B nie \"\n\"może ich zabić i może skończyć się na tym, że zostaną dwa procesy czytające \"\n\"z jednego wiersza terminala.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"W systemie Debian, wejście w poziom pracy 1 powoduje zabicie wszystkich \"\n\"procesów z wyjątkiem wątków jądra i skryptu który wykonuje zabijanie oraz \"\n\"innych procesów w jego sesji. W konsekwencji, powracanie z poziomu 1 do \"\n\"poziomu pracy trybu wielu użytkowników nie jest bezpieczne: demony, które \"\n\"zostały uruchomione w poziomie S i są wymagane do normalnego działania nie \"\n\"są dłużej uruchomione. System powinien zostać uruchomiony ponownie.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jeśli B zorientuje się, że wciąż powtarza namnażanie zadanego procesu \"\n\"częściej niż 10 razy w ciągu 2 minut, wtedy założy, że gdzieś w wywołaniu \"\n\"komendy jest błąd, wyśle wiadomość o błędzie na konsolę systemu, i przerwie \"\n\"pomnażanie danego pola do upłynięcia 5 minut lub do odebrania sygnału. \"\n\"Zapobiega to \\\"zjadaniu\\\" zasobów systemu gdy ktoś popełni literówkę w pliku \"\n\"I lub gdy program normalnie uruchamiany dla danego wpisu jest \"\n\"usunięty.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>, pierwszą \"\n\"wersję strony podręcznika napisał E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.\"\n\"rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITCTL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"13 kwietnia 2018\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"Poprzedni poziom pracy systemu (użyteczne po zmianie poziomów).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"INITSCRIPT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"10 lipca 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"initscript - skrypt wykonujący polecenia zawarte w inittab\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id poziom działanie proces\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Jeśli w systemie znajduje się skrypt I, B spróbuje \"\n\"nim wykonać polecenia zawarte w I. Można go wykorzystać np. do \"\n\"ustawienia domyślnych wartości I i I dla każdego procesu.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Poniżej znajduje się przykładowy skrypt startowy, który mógł zostać \"\n\"zainstalowany w systemie jako I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Wykonywany przez init(8) dla każdego wywołanego \\n\"\n\"# przez niego programu w ten sposób:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"#\\t/bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE EpoziomE EdziałanieE EprocesE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Ustawiamy bezpieczną wartość umask i ustawiamy zrzuty rdzenia:\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Zwiększamy twardy limit deskryptora pliku dla wszystkich \\n\"\n\" # procesów do 8192. Miękki limit wciąż wynosi 1024, jednak każdy\\n\"\n\" # nieuprzywilejowany proces może zwiększyć swój miękki limit aż do\\n\"\n\" # wartości twardego limitu za pomocą \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\"\\n\"\n\" # (niezbędne jest jądro 2.2.13 lub nowsze)\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Wykonujemy program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or somesuch. It \"\n#| \"has nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler \"\n#| \"for things executed from B. Experimenting with this can \"\n#| \"make your system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Skrypt nie jest zaprojektowany jako skrypt startowy dla demonów itp. Nie ma \"\n\"on nic wspólnego ze skryptami w stylu I. Jest to po prostu skrypt \"\n\"obsługujący rzeczy wykonywane z B. Własne eksperymentowanie z \"\n\"opisywanym skryptem może spowodować problemy z (ponownym) uruchomieniem \"\n\"systemu.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"4 grudnia 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"inittab - format pliku inittab używanego przez proces init, kompatybilny z \"\n\"sysv\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Plik B opisuje które procesy zostały uruchomione podczas startu i \"\n\"podczas normalnego działania (np. /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"getty...). B(8) rozróżnia różne I, z których każdy może \"\n\"mieć swój własny zestaw procesów uruchamianych na starcie. Dopuszczalne \"\n\"poziomy pracy to B<0>-B<6> i B, B i B dla wpisów B (na \"\n\"żądanie). Wpis w pliku inittab ma następujący format:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"I:I:I:I\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"Linie rozpoczynające się od \\\"#\\\" są ignorowane.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"jest unikalną sekwencją 1-4 znaków, która identyfikuje wpis w B \"\n\"(dla wersji sysvinit skompilowanych ze I biblioteką libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18 lub z bibliotekami a.out, jego długość może być ograniczona do dwóch \"\n\"znaków).\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Uwaga: Dla procesów getty, lub innych procesów loginowych, pole I \"\n\"powinno być końcówką odpowiadającego im tty, np. B<1> dla B. Część \"\n\"bardzo starych programów login może oczekiwać takiej konwencji, choć trudno \"\n\"podać w tej chwili jakiś przykład.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"opisują, w których poziomach pracy podjąć podaną akcję.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"opisuje jaką akcję podjąć.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"podaje proces, który należy uruchomić. Jeśli pole procesu rozpoczyna się \"\n\"znakiem \\\"+\\\", init nie dokona dla niego wpisów wtmp i utmp. Jest to \"\n\"wymagane dla getty, które wolą robić to samodzielnie. Jest to też błąd \"\n\"historyczny. Ograniczenie długości tego pola wynosi 127 znaków.\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Pole I może zawierać wiele znaków dla różnych poziomów. Na \"\n\"przykład, B<123> określa, że proces powinien być uruchamiany w poziomach \"\n\"pracy 1, 2 i 3. I do wpisów B mogą zawierać B, \"\n\"B lub B. Pole to jest ignorowane w przypadku następujących wpisów: \"\n\"B, B i B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Gdy poziom pracy jest zmieniany, zabijane są wszystkie procesy, które nie są \"\n\"podane w nowym poziomie pracy, zaczynając od sygnału \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, a \"\n\"następnie \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"Dopuszczalne akcje w polu I to:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces będzie uruchomiony od nowa po każdym jego zakończeniu (np. getty).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces będzie uruchomiony raz (gdy nadejdzie właściwy poziom pracy), a \"\n\"B będzie czekał na jego zakończenie.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"Proces będzie wywołany raz po wejściu we właściwy poziom pracy.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wywołany podczas rozruchu. Pole I jest \"\n\"ignorowane.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wywołany podczas rozruchu, podczas gdy init czeka na jego \"\n\"zakończenie (np. /etc/rc). Pole I jest ignorowane.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"Nie robi nic.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces, który jest zaznaczony poziomem pracy B będzie wywoływany \"\n\"za każdym razem, gdy zostanie wywołany wskazany poziom żądania. Mimo to \"\n\"jednak, nie nastąpi zmiana poziomu pracy (poziomy pracy B to \\\"a\"\n\"\\\", \\\"b\\\", \\\"c\\\").\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Pole to określa poziom pracy, który powinien być uruchomiony po procesie \"\n\"rozruchu. Jeśli żaden taki nie istnieje, init zapyta o poziom pracy na \"\n\"konsoli. Pole I jest ignorowane.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wywołany podczas rozruchu. Zostanie wywołany przed wszelkimi \"\n\"wpisami B czy B< bootwait>. Pole I jest ignorowane.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wywołany w czasie problemów z zasilaniem. B jest z \"\n\"reguły informowany o takim zdarzeniu przez proces porozumiewający się z \"\n\"podłączonym do komputera UPS-em. B będzie czekał na zakończenie tego \"\n\"procesu przed dalszą kontynuacją.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Podobne do B, lecz init nie będzie czekał na zakończenie tego \"\n\"procesu.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wywołany, gdy B otrzyma sygnał, że zasilanie zostało \"\n\"przywrócone.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wykonany, gdy B dowie się o krytycznym poziomie \"\n\"baterii zewnętrznego UPS-a i o właśnie zawodzącym zasilaniu (jeśli \"\n\"zewnętrzny UPS i monitorujący go proces są w stanie wykryć taki stan).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wykonany gdy B otrzyma sygnał B. Znaczy to, \"\n\"że ktoś na konsoli nacisnął kombinację B. Zazwyczaj wywołuje \"\n\"się wtedy coś w rodzaju B, zarówno w celu przejścia do poziomu \"\n\"jednoużytkownikowego, jak i do ponownego uruchomienia komputera.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Proces zostanie wywołany gdy B otrzyma sygnał z sterownika klawiatury, \"\n\"mówiący że na konsoli została naciśnięta specjalna kombinacja klawiszy.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Dokumentacja tej funkcji nie jest jeszcze kompletna; więcej danych można \"\n\"znaleźć w pakietach kbd-x.xx (w chwili powstania tego tekstu było to \"\n\"kbd-0.94). Ogólnie, można mapować niektóre kombinacje klawiszy do akcji \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\". Na przykład, aby zmapować na ten cel kombinację alt plus \"\n\"strzałka w górę, należy użyć następującego wpisu w swoim pliku keymap:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"Oto przykład inittab, który zawiera stary inittab Linuksa:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# inittab do Linuksa\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Ten plik inittab wywołuje I podczas rozruchu i uruchamia getty dla \"\n\"tty1-tty4.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Bardziej wykwintny inittab, z różnymi poziomami pracy (patrz komentarze):\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Poziom, w którym startować\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Skrypt inicjujący/konfigurujący system w czasie rozruchu.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Co robić w trybie jednoużytkownikowym.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d wykonuje skrypty S i K w trakcie\\n\"\n\"# zmiany poziomu pracy.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Poziom pracy 0 oznacza zatrzymanie.\\n\"\n\"# Poziom pracy 1 jest jednoużytkownikowy.\\n\"\n\"# Poziomy pracy 2-5 są wieloużytkownikowe.\\n\"\n\"# Poziom pracy 6 oznacza ponowne uruchomienie.\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Co zrobić przy ctrl+alt+del.\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Poziomy 2 i 3: getty na konsolach wirtualnych\\n\"\n\"# Poziom 3: getty na terminalu (ttyS0) i modemie (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B was written by Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl). This \"\n#| \"manual page was written by Sebastian Lederer (lederer@francium.informatik.\"\n#| \"uni-bonn.de) and modified by Michael Haardt (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-\"\n#| \"aachen.de).\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Init został napisany przez Miquela van Smoorenburga (miquels@cistron.nl), \"\n\"strona podręcznika została napisana przez Sebastiana Lederera \"\n\"(lederer@francium.informatik.uni-bonn.de) i zmodyfikowana przez Michaela \"\n\"Haardta (u31b3hs@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"KILLALL5\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"4 listopada 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"killall5 - wysyła sygnał do wszystkich procesów\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B B<-numer-sygnału> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B jest poleceniem B z SystemV. Wysyła sygnał do \"\n\"wszystkich procesów, poza procesami jądra i procesami swojej sesji, więc nie \"\n\"ubije powłoki, w której pracuje skrypt, w którym wywołano tę komendę. \"\n\"Podstawowym (jedynym) zastosowaniem polecenia jest użycie w plikach \"\n\"startowych B, z katalogu I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Nakazuje B pomijać procesy o podanym identyfikatorze procesu.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B może zostać wywołany również jako B(8), który jest \"\n\"dowiązaniem symbolicznym do programu B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Program zwraca zero, jeśli istnieje zabity proces. Zwraca 2, gdy nie zabito \"\n\"żadnego procesu i 1, gdy nie udało się znaleźć żadnego procesu (brak I).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST,\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"1\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"31 lipca 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"last, lastb - pokazuje listę ostatnio zalogowanych użytkowników\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#| \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#| \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/\"\n#| \"or I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#| \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#| \"B is the same as B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Program B przeszukuje wstecz plik B (lub plik wskazany \"\n\"opcją B<-f>) i wyświetla listę wszystkich zalogowanych (i wylogowanych) od \"\n\"czasu utworzenia pliku użytkowników. Można podać jedną lub więcej I i/lub I (terminali); w tym przypadku B pokaże \"\n\"jedynie zapisy pasujące do tych argumentów. Nazwy I mogą być skracane, \"\n\"zatem B, to to samo, co B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"When catching a SIGINT signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#| \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has searched \"\n#| \"through the file; in the case of the SIGINT signal B will then \"\n#| \"terminate.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Po przechwyceniu sygnału SIGINT (generowany przez klawisz przerwania, zwykle \"\n\"control-C) lub sygnał SIGQUIT, B pokaże jak daleko przeszukał plik; \"\n\"następnie, w przypadku sygnału SIGINT, B przerwie pracę.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Pseudoużytkownik B rejestrowany jest przy każdorazowym przeładowaniu \"\n\"systemu. Zatem B pokaże rejestr (log) wszystkich przeładowań od \"\n\"utworzenia pliku rejestrującego.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B jest tym samym, co B, z wyjątkiem tego, że domyślnie pokazuje \"\n\"zapisy z pliku I, zawierającego zakończone niepowodzeniem \"\n\"próby logowań.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"Tell B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"Liczba mówiąca B, ile wierszy ma pokazać.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, fuzzy\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"Display the state of logins since the specified I,\"\n#~ msgstr \"B,\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~| msgid \"LAST, LASTB\"\n#~ msgid \"LAST,LASTB\"\n#~ msgstr \"LAST, LASTB\"\n\n#, fuzzy, no-wrap\n#~| msgid \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\n#~ msgid \"Linux User's Manual\"\n#~ msgstr \"Podręcznik administratora systemu Linux\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@cistron.nl)\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg, miquels@cistron.nl\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-s\"\n#~ msgstr \"-s\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-c\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-c>\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-n\"\n#~ msgstr \"-n\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-q\"\n#~ msgstr \"-q\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-x\"\n#~ msgstr \"-x\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-z\"\n#~ msgstr \"-z\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"\"\n#~| \"B looks for the environment variable B or B \"\n#~| \"to determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not \"\n#~| \"set, it will try to execute root's shell from I. If that \"\n#~| \"fails, it will fall back to I.\"\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"I looks for the environment variable B or B to \"\n#~ \"determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not set, it \"\n#~ \"will try to execute root's shell from /etc/passwd. If that fails it will \"\n#~ \"fall back to B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B szuka zmiennych środowiskowych B lub B, aby \"\n#~ \"określić którą powłokę uruchomić. Jeśli zmienna środowiskowa nie jest \"\n#~ \"ustawiona, to program spróbuje wykonać powłokę roota z pliku I. Jeśli to również się nie powiedzie, to na końcu wykorzystana \"\n#~ \"zostanie powłoka I.\"\n\n#, fuzzy\n#~| msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgid \"Miquel van Smoorenburg Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n#~ msgstr \"Miquel van Smoorenburg ,Emiquels@cistron.nlE\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 249\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 249\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"halt\"\n#~ msgstr \"halt\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [OPTIONS...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"B, B, B may be used to halt, power-off, or reboot \"\n#~ \"the machine\\\\&. All three commands take the same options\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B, B, B służy do zatrzymania, wyłączenia lub \"\n#~ \"przeładowania komputera. Wszystkie trzy polecenia przyjmują te same opcje.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"The following options are understood:\"\n#~ msgstr \"Obsługiwane są następujące opcje:\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--help>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--help>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Print a short help text and exit\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"Wyświetla krótki komunikat pomocy i wychodzi\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--halt>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--halt>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Halt the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is invoked\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Zatrzymuje komputer, niezależnie od tego, którego z trzech poleceń użyto\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-p>, B<--poweroff>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Power-off the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is \"\n#~ \"invoked\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Wyłącza komputer, niezależnie od tego, którego z trzech poleceń użyto\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--reboot>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--reboot>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Reboot the machine, regardless of which one of the three commands is \"\n#~ \"invoked\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Przeładowuje komputer, niezależnie od tego, którego z trzech poleceń użyto\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-f>, B<--force>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Force immediate halt, power-off, or reboot\\\\&. When specified once, this \"\n#~ \"results in an immediate but clean shutdown by the system manager\\\\&. When \"\n#~ \"specified twice, this results in an immediate shutdown without contacting \"\n#~ \"the system manager\\\\&. See the description of B<--force> in \"\n#~ \"B(1) for more details\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Wymusza natychmiastowe zatrzymanie, wyłączenie lub przeładowanie\\\\&. Przy \"\n#~ \"jednokrotnym użyciu opcji, menedżer systemu dokona natychmiastowego, ale \"\n#~ \"bezpiecznego wyłączenia. \\\\&. Dwukrotne podanie opcji spowoduje \"\n#~ \"natychmiastowe zamknięcie bez użycia menedżera systemu. \\\\&. Więcej \"\n#~ \"szczegółów znajduje się w opisie opcji B<--force> podręcznika systemowego \"\n#~ \"B(1)\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-w>, B<--wtmp-only>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Only write wtmp shutdown entry, do not actually halt, power-off, reboot\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Dokonuje jedynie wpisu wtmp , bez rzeczywistego zatrzymania, wyłączenia \"\n#~ \"lub przeładowania\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--no-wtmp>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-n>, B<--no-sync>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Don\\\\*(Aqt sync hard disks/storage media before halt, power-off, reboot\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Nie wykonuje synchronizacji twardych dysków/nośników danych przed \"\n#~ \"zatrzymaniem, wyłączeniem lub przeładowaniem\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<--no-wall>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<--no-wall>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"Do not send wall message before halt, power-off, reboot\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Nie wysyła komunikatu wall przed zatrzymaniem, wyłączeniem lub \"\n#~ \"przeładowaniem\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"W przypadku powodzenia zwracane jest 0, w razie błędu kod jest niezerowy\"\n#~ \"\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"These commands are implemented in a way that preserves basic \"\n#~ \"compatibility with the original SysV commands\\\\&. B(1) verbs \"\n#~ \"B, B, B provide the same functionality with some \"\n#~ \"additional features\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Polecenia zaimplementowano w sposób zapewniający podstawową \"\n#~ \"kompatybilność z pierwotnymi poleceniami z SysV\\\\&. Argumenty B, \"\n#~ \"B, B narzędzia B(1) obsługują te same \"\n#~ \"funkcje oraz kilka dodatkowych\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Note that on many SysV systems B used to be synonymous to \"\n#~ \"B, i\\\\&.e\\\\&. both commands would equally result in powering \"\n#~ \"the machine off\\\\&. systemd is more accurate here, and B results in \"\n#~ \"halting the machine only (leaving power on), and B is required \"\n#~ \"to actually power it off\\\\&.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Proszę zauważyć, że na wielu systemach SysV polecenie B było \"\n#~ \"synonimem B, tzn. oba polecenia powodowały wyłączenie komputera\"\n#~ \"\\\\&. W systemd jest to dokładniejsze, B powoduje zatrzymanie \"\n#~ \"komputera (z pozostawieniem włączonego zasilania), a do wyłączenia \"\n#~ \"komputera należy użyć B\\\\&.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n#~ msgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(8), B(1)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"systemd 250\"\n#~ msgstr \"systemd 250\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or somesuch. It \"\n#~ \"has nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler \"\n#~ \"for things executed from B. Experimenting with this can \"\n#~ \"make your system un(re)bootable.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Skrypt nie jest zaprojektowany jako skrypt startowy dla demonów itp. Nie \"\n#~ \"ma on nic wspólnego ze skryptami w stylu I. Jest to po prostu \"\n#~ \"skrypt obsługujący rzeczy wykonywane z B. Własne \"\n#~ \"eksperymentowanie z opisywanym skryptem może spowodować problemy z \"\n#~ \"(ponownym) uruchomieniem systemu.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"2021-06-02\"\n#~ msgstr \"2 czerwca 2021 r.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n#~ msgstr \"util-linux 2.37.2\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [I] [I...] [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B [options] [I...] [I...]\"\n#~ msgstr \"B [I] [I...] [I...]\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"B searches back through the I file (or the file \"\n#~ \"designated by the B<-f> option) and displays a list of all users logged \"\n#~ \"in (and out) since that file was created. One or more I and/or \"\n#~ \"I can be given, in which case B will show only the entries \"\n#~ \"matching those arguments. Names of I can be abbreviated, thus \"\n#~ \"B is the same as B.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Program B przeszukuje wstecz plik B (lub plik \"\n#~ \"wskazany opcją B<-f>) i wyświetla listę wszystkich zalogowanych (i \"\n#~ \"wylogowanych) od czasu utworzenia pliku użytkowników. Można podać jedną \"\n#~ \"lub więcej I i/lub I (terminali); w tym przypadku \"\n#~ \"B pokaże jedynie zapisy pasujące do tych argumentów. Nazwy I \"\n#~ \"mogą być skracane, zatem B, to to samo, co B.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"When catching a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually \"\n#~ \"control-C) or a SIGQUIT signal, B will show how far it has searched \"\n#~ \"through the file; in the case of the B signal B will then \"\n#~ \"terminate.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Po przechwyceniu sygnału B (generowany przez klawisz przerwania, \"\n#~ \"zwykle control-C) lub sygnał B, B pokaże jak daleko \"\n#~ \"przeszukał plik; następnie, w przypadku sygnału B, B \"\n#~ \"przerwie pracę.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n#~ \"B will show a log of all the reboots since the log file was \"\n#~ \"created.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Pseudoużytkownik B rejestrowany jest przy każdorazowym \"\n#~ \"przeładowaniu systemu. Zatem B pokaże rejestr (log) \"\n#~ \"wszystkich przeładowań od utworzenia pliku rejestrującego.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-a>, B<--hostlast>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>, B<--dns>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Tell B to use a specific I instead of I. The \"\n#~ \"B<--file> option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified \"\n#~ \"files will be processed.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B użyje podanego I zamiast I. Opcję B<--file> \"\n#~ \"można podać wiele razy i przetworzone będą wszystkie podane pliki.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-F>, B<--fulltimes>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-i>, B<--ip>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Like B<--dns ,> but displays the host\\\\(cqs IP number instead of the name.\"\n#~ msgstr \"Jak B<--dns>, lecz wyświetla numer IP zamiast nazwy komputera.\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<->I; B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<->I; B<-n>, B<--limit> I\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>, B<--present> I
\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"(time will be set to 00:00:00)\"\n#~ msgstr \"(czas będzie ustawiony na 00:00:00)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"hh:mm:ss\"\n#~ msgstr \"IB<:>IB<:>I\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"(date will be set to today)\"\n#~ msgstr \"(data będzie ustawiona na dziś)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"hh:mm\"\n#~ msgstr \"IB<:>I\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"(date will be set to today, seconds to 00)\"\n#~ msgstr \"(data będzie ustawiona na dziś, sekundy na 00)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"now\"\n#~ msgstr \"B (teraz)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"yesterday\"\n#~ msgstr \"B (wczoraj)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"(time is set to 00:00:00)\"\n#~ msgstr \"(czas jest ustawiany na 00:00:00)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"today\"\n#~ msgstr \"B (dziś)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"tomorrow\"\n#~ msgstr \"B (jutro)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"+5min\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<+5min> (za 5 minut)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"-5days\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-5days> (5 dni temu)\"\n\n#~ msgid \"I, I\"\n#~ msgstr \"I, I\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"AUTHORS\"\n#~ msgstr \"AUTORZY\"\n\n#~ msgid \"B(1), B(5), B(8), B(8)\"\n#~ msgstr \"B(1), B(5), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"REPORTING BUGS\"\n#~ msgstr \"ZGŁASZANIE BŁĘDÓW\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"AVAILABILITY\"\n#~ msgstr \"DOSTĘPNOŚĆ\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"October 2013\"\n#~ msgstr \"październik 2013\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"util-linux\"\n#~ msgstr \"util-linux\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"B<-a>,B< --hostlast>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-a>,B< --hostlast>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the \"\n#~ \"B<--dns> option.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Wyświetla nazwę hosta w ostatniej kolumnie. Przydatne w połączeniu z \"\n#~ \"opcją B<--dns>.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"B<-d>,B< --dns>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-d>,B< --dns>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote \"\n#~ \"host, but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number \"\n#~ \"back into a hostname.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"Dla logowań nie-lokalnych Linux przechowuje nie tylko nazwę zdalnego \"\n#~ \"hosta, ale i jego numer IP. Opcja ta przekłada numer IP z powrotem na \"\n#~ \"nazwę hosta.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"B<-f>,B< --file >I\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-f>,B< --file >I\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Tell B to use a specific I instead of I. The \"\n#~ \"B<--file> option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified \"\n#~ \"files will be processed.\"\n#~ msgstr \"\"\n#~ \"B użyje podanego I zamiast I. Opcję B<--file> \"\n#~ \"można podać wiele razy i przetworzone będą wszystkie podane pliki.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"B<-F>,B< --fulltimes>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-F>,B< --fulltimes>\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"B<-i>,B< --ip>\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-i>,B< --ip>\"\n\n#~ msgid \"\"\n#~ \"Like B<--dns ,> but displays the host's IP number instead of the name.\"\n#~ msgstr \"Jak B<--dns>, lecz wyświetla numer IP zamiast nazwy komputera.\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"B<-n>,B< --limit >I\"\n#~ msgstr \"B<-n>,B< --limit >I\"\n\n#, no-wrap\n#~ msgid \"B<-p>,B< --present >I, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"B, B, B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\n#| msgid \"\"\n#| \"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n#| \"runlevel B,B or B.\"\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"diz ao B para processar apenas aquelas entradas no ficheiro \"\n\"B que têm runlevel B,B ou B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B ou B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"diz ao B para re-examinar o ficheiro I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B ou B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"diz ao B para comutar para modo de único utilizador.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"B ou B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"diz ao B para se re-executar a ele próprio (preservando o estado). Não \"\n\"acontece o re-examinar do ficheiro I. O runlevel deve ser um \"\n\"de B caso contrário o pedido será ignorado em silêncio.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B pode dizer ao B quanto tempo deve esperar entre enviar \"\n\"aos processos os sinais B e B. A predefinição é 3 \"\n\"segundos, mas isto pode ser mudado com a opção B<-t>.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B diz ao B para mudar o ambiente para os processos que \"\n\"ele gera. O argumento de B<-e> ou está no formato de I=I o qual \"\n\"define a variável I para o valor I, ou no formato I (sem o \"\n\"sinal de igual) o qual remove a definição da variável I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B só pode ser invocado por utilizadores com privilégios \"\n\"apropriados.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O binário B verifica se é o B ou o B ao olhar para o \"\n\"seu I; o id do verdadeiro processo do B é sempre B<1>. A \"\n\"partir conclui que em vez de se chamar o B pode-se simplesmente \"\n\"usar o B como um atalho.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"AMBIENTE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B define as seguintes variáveis de ambiente para todos os seus \"\n\"filhos:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Como o nome diz. Útil para determinar se um script corre directamente a \"\n\"partir do B.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"O actual nível de execução do sistema.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"O runlevel anterior (útil após uma mudança de runlevel).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A consola do sistema. Isto é realmente herdado do kernel; no entanto se não \"\n\"for definido o B irá defini-lo para I por predefinição.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"BOOTFLAGS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"É possível passar um número de bandeiras ao B a partir do monitor de \"\n\"arranque (ex. LILO ou GRUB). O B aceita as seguintes bandeiras:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-s, S, single>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Arranque em modo de único utilizador. Neste modo o I é \"\n\"examinado e os scripts rc de arranque são geralmente corridos antes da shell \"\n\"de modo de único utilizador ser arrancada.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1-5>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"O runlevel para o qual arrancar.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-b, emergency>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Arranca directamente para shell de único utilizador sem correr quaisquer \"\n\"scripts de arranque.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a, auto>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \\\"yes\\\". \"\n\"Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course the user \"\n\"could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O boot loader LILO adiciona a palavra \\\"auto\\\" à linha de comandos se \"\n\"arrancar o kernel com alinha de comandos predefinida (sem intervenção do \"\n\"utilizador). Se isto for encontrado o B define a variável de ambiente \"\n\"\\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" para \\\"yes\\\". Note que você não pode usar isto para nenhuma \"\n\"medida de segurança - é claro que o utilizador podia especificar \\\"auto\\\" ou \"\n\"B<-a> na linha de comandos manualmente.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z >I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O argumento para B<-z> é ignorado. Você pode usar isto para expandir um \"\n\"pouco a linha de comandos, para que tenha mais algum espaço na pilha. O \"\n\"B pode então manipular a linha de comandos para que B(1) mostre o \"\n\"runlevel actual.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"B<--version>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este argumento, quando usado por si só, mostra a versão actual do B na \"\n\"consola/stdout. É uma maneira rápida de determinar qual software e versão do \"\n\"B está a ser usado. Após a informação de versão ser mostrada, o \"\n\"B termina imediatamente com um código de retorno de zero.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"INTERFACE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B escuta num I em /dev, I, por mensagens. O \"\n\"B usa isto para comunicar com B. A interface não está bem \"\n\"documentada nem acabada. Aqueles interessados devem estudar o ficheiro \"\n\"I no sub-directório I do arquivo tar do código fonte do \"\n\"B.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"SINAIS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"O Init reage a vários sinais:\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"Tem o mesmo efeito que B.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Na receção destes sinais, o B fecha e re-abre o seu fifo de controle, \"\n\"B. Útil para scripts de arranque quando I é remontado.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quando o B recebe B, o B fecha e deixa o fifo de \"\n\"controle, B, fechado. Isto pode ser usado para certificar que \"\n\"o B não está a segurar nenhuns ficheiros abertos. No entanto, também \"\n\"previne o B de mudar os runlevels. O que significa que comandos como o \"\n\"shutdown não funcionam mais. O fifo pode ser re-aberto ao enviar ao B \"\n\"o sinal B.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Normalmente o kernel envia este sinal ao B quando CTRL-ALT-DEL é \"\n\"pressionado. Activa a acção I.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O kernel envia este sinal quando a tecla I é pressionada. \"\n\"Activa a acção I.\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"CONFORMIDADE COM\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B é compatível com o init do System V. Funcionam muito próximos com \"\n\"os scripts nos directórios I e I. Se o seu \"\n\"sistema usa esta convenção, deverá existir um ficheiro I no \"\n\"directório I a explicar como estes scripts trabalham.\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"FICHEIROS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"AVISOS\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B assume que os processos e os descendentes dos processos permanecem \"\n\"no mesmo grupo de processos que foi originalmente criado para eles. Se os \"\n\"processos mudarem o seu grupo, o B não consegue mata-los e você pode \"\n\"acabar com dois processos a ler a partir de uma linha de terminal.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Num sistema Debian, entrar no runlevel 1 faz com que todos os processos \"\n\"sejam mortos excepto para tópicos de kernel e o script que faz a matança e \"\n\"outros processos na sua sessão. Como consequência disto, não é seguro \"\n\"retornar de runlevel 1 para um runlevel de multi-utilizador: os daemons que \"\n\"foram arrancados no runlevel S e são precisos para o funcionamento normal \"\n\"não estão mais a correr. O sistema deve ser reiniciado.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Se o B descobrir que está continuamente a renascer uma entrada mais de \"\n\"10 vezes em 2 minutos,irá assumir que existe um erro na string de comando, \"\n\"gerar uma mensagem de erro na consola do sistema, e recusar o renascer desta \"\n\"entrada até que ou tenham passado 5 minutos ou tenha recebido um sinal. Isto \"\n\"previne de comer os recursos do sistema quando alguém comete um erro \"\n\"tipográfico no ficheiro I ou o programa para a entrada foi \"\n\"removido.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"INITCTL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"13 Abril, 2018\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"Formatos de Ficheiro\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"initctl - /run/initctl é um pipe nomeado que passa comandos ao init do SysV\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este documento descreve o canal de comunicação definido pelo SysV B em \"\n\"I. Este pipe nomeado permite a programas com as permissões \"\n\"apropriadas (tipicamente os programas corridos pelo root têm acesso de \"\n\"leitura-escrita ao pipe) enviarem sinais ao programa B (PID 1).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O manual do B tem, até recentemente, simplesmente dito que as pessoas \"\n\"que desejam perceber como enviar mensagens ao B devem ler o código \"\n\"fonte do programa init, mas isso não é geralmente prático.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"As mensagens enviadas para o pipe para falar com o B têm de ter um \"\n\"formato especial. Este formato está definido como uma estrutura C e a parte \"\n\"técnica é apresentada aqui:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Vamos avançar pela estrutura de init_request uma linha de cada vez. A \"\n\"primeira variável, o número \\\"mágico\\\" tem de ser do valor 0x03091969. O \"\n\"program B então sabe que apenas programas com acesso de root que \"\n\"enviam este número mágico estão autorizados a comunicar com o init.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A variável I é um valor na gama de 0-8 (actualmente). Esta variável \"\n\"I diz ao init o que queremos fazer. Aqui estão as opções possíveis:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"1 - Define o runlevel actual, especificado pela variável runlevel.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"2 - A energia vai falhar em breve (provavelmente bateria fraca), prepara \"\n\"para desligar.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"3 - A energia está a falhar, desligar imediatamente.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"4 - A energia está OK, cancelar o desligar.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"6 - Define uma variável de ambiente a um valor a ser especificado na\\n\"\n\" variável I com esta estrutura.\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Podem ser adicionadas outras opções I ao B mais tarde. Por \"\n\"exemplo, os valores de comando 0, 5 e 7 estão definidos mas actualmente não \"\n\"implementados.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A variável I irá especificar o runlevel para se mudar para (0-6).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A variável I é usada quando queremos dizer ao B para mudar \"\n\"o tempo de espera entre enviar B e B durante o processo de \"\n\"encerramento. Ainda não está implementado alterar isto durante a execução.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A variável I (na união) pode ser usada para passar dados diversos que \"\n\"o init pode precisar para processar o nosso pedido. Por exemplo, quando se \"\n\"definem variáveis de ambiente.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quando se define uma variável de ambiente através do pipe I do \"\n\"B, a variável data deve ter o formato I=I. A string \"\n\"deve ser terminada com um caractere NULL.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O seguinte exemplo de código C mostra como enviar um pedido de definição de \"\n\"variável de ambiente ao processo B usando o pipe I. Este \"\n\"exemplo está simplificado e salta a verificação de erros. Um exemplo mais \"\n\"complexo pode ser encontrado na função B() do programa shutdown.\"\n\"c.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init */\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write */\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe */\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Normalmente o pipe I seria apenas usado por programas de baixo-\"\n\"nível para pedir um encerramento relacionado com energia ou para mudar o \"\n\"runlevel, como o B faria. Na maioria do tempo não há necessidade de \"\n\"falar com o B diretamente, mas isto dá-nos uma aproximação extensiva \"\n\"de que o B pode ser ensinado a aprender mais comandos.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Os comandos passados pelo canal I têm de ser enviados num \"\n\"formato binário específico e ter um tamanho específico. Estruturas de dados \"\n\"maiores ou que não usem o formato apropriado serão ignoradas. Tipicamente, \"\n\"apenas o root tem a habilidade de escrever no pipe initctl por razões de \"\n\"segurança.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O canal I pode ser fechado ao se enviar ao init (PID 1) o \"\n\"sinal B. Isto fecha o pipe e deixa-o fechado. Isto pode ser útil \"\n\"para certificar que o B não deixa ficheiros abertos. No entanto, \"\n\"quando o pipe está fechado, o B não recebe mais sinais, tais como \"\n\"aqueles enviados pelo B(8) ou B(8). Por outras palavras, \"\n\"se fecharmos o canal, o B não pode o seu runlevel diretamente. O canal \"\n\"pode ser reaberto ao enviar ao B (PID 1) o sinal B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Se o canal I estiver fechado então ainda deve ser possível \"\n\"desligar o sistema usando a bandeira B<-n> do comando B(8), mas \"\n\"isto nem sempre é limpo e não é recomendado.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"INITSCRIPT\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"10 Julho, 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"initscript - script que executa comandos do inittab.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quando o script de shell I está presente, o B irá usa-\"\n\"lo para executar os comandos de I. Este script pode ser usado para \"\n\"definir coisas como os valores predefinidos de I e I para \"\n\"qualquer processo.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este é um initscript exemplo, que pode estar instalado no seu sistema em I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Define umask para nível seguro, e activa despejos do núcleo.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Aumenta o limite rijo de descritor de ficheiro para todos os processos\\n\"\n\" # para 8192. O limite suave é ainda 1024, mas qualquer processo não\\n\"\n\" # privilegiado pode aumentar o seu limite suave até ao limite rijo\\n\"\n\" # com \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (precisa dum kernel Linux 2.2.13 ou posterior).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\" # Executa o programa.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este script não se destina a ser script de arranque para daemons ou \"\n\"serviços. Não tem nada a ver com um script de estilo I. É apenas \"\n\"para manusear coisas executadas a partir de B. Fazer \"\n\"experiências com isto pode tornar o seu sistema não (re)inicializável.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(5), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"INITTAB\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"4 Dezembro, 2001\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"inittab - formato do ficheiro inittab usando pelo processo init compatível \"\n\"com sysv\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O ficheiro B descreve quais processos são iniciados no arranque e \"\n\"durante a operação normal (ex. \\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). O B(8) distingue múltiplos I, cada um dos \"\n\"quais pode ter o seu próprio conjunto de processos que é arrancado. Os \"\n\"runlevels válidos são B<0>-B<6> mais B, B, e B para entradas \"\n\"B. Uma entrada no ficheiro B tem o seguinte formato:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"I:I:I:I\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"As linhas que começam com `#' são ignoradas.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"é uma sequência única de 1-4 caracteres que identifica uma entrada em \"\n\"B (para versões do sysvinit compiladas com a I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) ou bibliotecas a.out o limite é de 2 caracteres).\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Nota: tradicionalmente, para o getty e outros processos de login, este valor \"\n\"do campo I é mantido no mesmo que o sufixo do tty correspondente, ex. \"\n\"\\\\& B<1> para B. Alguns programas antigos de contabilidade de login \"\n\"podem esperar isto, apesar de não me lembrar de nenhum.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"lista os runlevels para os quais a acção especificada deve ser tomada.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"descreve qual a acção que deve ser tomada.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a `\"\n\"+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"especifica o processo a ser executado. Se o campo de processo começar com um \"\n\"caractere `+', o B não irá contabilizar tmp e wtmp para esse processo. \"\n\"Isto é preciso para gettys que insistem em fazer a sua própria limpeza utmp/\"\n\"wtmp. Isto é também um bug histórico. O comprimento deste campo está \"\n\"limitado a 127 caracteres.\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Por favor note que incluir certos caracteres no campo de processo irá \"\n\"resultar no B a tentar lançar uma shell para interpretar o comando \"\n\"contido no campo de processo. Os caracteres que pode despoletar uma shell \"\n\"são: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Em sistemas que não tenham uma shell para ser lançada ou quais não se deseja \"\n\"usar uma shell para interpretar o campo do processo, o campo de processo \"\n\"pode ser prefixado com o símbolo @. O @ irá ser ignorado e tudo o que se \"\n\"segue será tratado como o comando a ser lançado, literalmente, pelo \"\n\"serviço B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Em casos que ambos sinais + e @ vão ser usados (para desligar os relatórios \"\n\"e interpretação da shell) coloque o sinal + antes do símbolo @. Ambas \"\n\"bandeiras irão ser lidadas e depois tudo o que se segue ao @ irá ser lidado \"\n\"pelo B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O campo I pode conter vários caracteres para diferentes \"\n\"runlevels. Por exemplo, B<123> especifica que o processo deve ser iniciado \"\n\"nos runlevels 1, 2, e 3. Os I para entradas B podem \"\n\"conter um B, B, ou B. O campo I das entradas B, \"\n\"B, e B é ignorado.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quando o runlevel do sistema é mudado, quaisquer processos a correr que não \"\n\"estão especificados para o novo runlevel são mortos, primeiro com \"\n\"\\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, e depois com \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"As acções válidas para o campo I são:\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"O processo será reiniciado sempre que termine (ex. \\\\& getty).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo irá ser iniciado assim que se entra no runlevel especificado e o \"\n\"B irá esperar pelo seu término.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo irá ser executado uma vez quando se entra no runlevel \"\n\"especificado.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo será executado durante o arranque do sistema. O campo \"\n\"I é ignorado.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo será executado durante o arranque do sistema, enquanto B \"\n\"espera pelo seu término (ex. \\\\& /etc/rc). O campo I é ignorado.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"Isto não faz nada.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Um processo marcado com um runlevel B será executado sempre que o \"\n\"runlevel B especificado é chamado. No entanto, nenhuma mudança de \"\n\"runlevel irá ocorrer (os runlevels B são `a', `b', e `c').\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Uma entrada B especifica o runlevel em que se deve entrar após \"\n\"o arranque do sistema. Se não existir nenhum, o B irá pedir um \"\n\"runlevel na consola. O campo I é ignorado.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo será executado durante o arranque do sistema. Será executado \"\n\"antes de qualquer entrada B ou B< bootwait>. O campo I é \"\n\"ignorado.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo será executado quando a energia vai abaixo. O B é \"\n\"geralmente informado disto por um processo que fala com uma UPS ligada ao \"\n\"computador. O B irá esperar que o processo termine antes de continuar.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Como para B, excepto que o B não espera pelo final do \"\n\"processo.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este processo será executado assim que o B é informado que a energia \"\n\"foi restaurada.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este processo será executado quando é dito ao B que a bateria da UPS \"\n\"externa está quase vazia e a energia está a falhar (desde que a UPS externa \"\n\"e o processo de monitorização sejam capazes de detectar esta condição).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo será executado quando o B receber o sinal B. Isto \"\n\"significa que alguém na consola do sistema pressionou a combinação de teclas \"\n\"B. Tipicamente alguém quer executar alguma espécie de \"\n\"B seja para ir para nível de único-utilizador ou para reiniciar a \"\n\"máquina.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O processo será executado quando o B receber um sinal a partir do \"\n\"manipulador do teclado que uma combinação especial de teclas foi pressionada \"\n\"no teclado da consola.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"A documentação para esta função ainda não está completa; pode ser encontrada \"\n\"mais informação nos pacotes kbd-x.xx (o mais recente foi kbd-0.94 na altura \"\n\"que isto foi escrito). Basicamente você deseja mapear alguma combinação do \"\n\"teclado para a acção \\\"KeyboardSignal\\\". Por exemplo, para mapear Alt-\"\n\"SetaCima para este objectivo use o seguinte no seu ficheiro keymaps:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Isto é um exemplo de uma inittab que é semelhante à inittab antiga do Linux:\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on tty1-\"\n\"tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Este ficheiro inittab executa I durante o arranque e inicia gettys \"\n\"em tty1-tty4.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Uma B mais elaborada com diferentes runlevels (veja os comentários \"\n\"no interior):\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Nível para onde correr\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Script de configuração/inicialização do sistema durante o arranque.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# O que fazer em modo de único-utilizador.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executa os scripts S e K na comutação\\n\"\n\"# do runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 é parar.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 é único-utilizador.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 são multi-utilizador.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 é reiniciar.\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# O que fazer na \\\"saudação dos 3 dedos\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"/etc/inittab\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT lederer@\\\\:\"\n\"francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> and \"\n\"modified by E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B foi escrito por E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> Este manual foi escrito por E<.MT lederer@\\\\:francium\"\n\"\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer E<.ME> e modificado por \"\n\"E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> Michael Haardt E<.\"\n\"ME .>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"KILLALL5\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"4 Novembro 2003\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"killall5 - envia um sinal a todos os processos\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B é o comando B do SystemV. Envia um sinal a todos os \"\n\"processos excepto tópicos do kernel e aos processos da sua própria sessão, \"\n\"assim não mata a shell que está a correr o script de onde foi chamado. O seu \"\n\"uso principal (e único) está nos scripts B encontrados no directório I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"Diz ao B para omitir processos com esse id de processo.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B também pode ser invocado como B(8), o que é \"\n\"simplesmente um link (simbólico) para o programa B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O programa retorna zero se matou processos. Retorna 2 se nenhum processo foi \"\n\"morto, e 1 se foi incapaz de encontrar quaisquer processos (I em \"\n\"falta).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"LAST,\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"1\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"31 Julho, 2004\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"last, lastb - mostra listagem dos últimos utilizadores que fizeram login\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B \"\n\"I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] [B<-\"\n\"adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B procura para trás no ficheiro B (ou no ficheiro \"\n\"designado pela bandeira B<-f>) e mostra uma lista de todos os utilizadores \"\n\"que fizeram login (e logout) desde que esse ficheiro foi criado. Podem ser \"\n\"dados nomes de utilizadores e tty's, que neste caso o B irá apenas \"\n\"mostrar aquelas entradas que correspondem aos argumentos. Os nomes dos ttys \"\n\"podem ser abreviados, assim B é o mesmo que B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quando o B apanha um sinal B (gerado pela tecla de \"\n\"interrupção, normalmente control-C) ou um sinal B (gerado pela \"\n\"tecla de desistir, geralmente control-\\\\e), o B irá mostrar até onde \"\n\"pesquisou no ficheiro; no caso do sinal B o B irá depois \"\n\"terminar.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O pseudo utilizador B faz login cada vez que o sistema é reiniciado. \"\n\"Assim B irá mostrar um registo de todas as vezes que o sistema \"\n\"reiniciou desde que o ficheiro de registo foi criado.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B é o mesmo que B, excepto que por predefinição mostra um \"\n\"registo do ficheiro B, que contém todas as tentativas \"\n\"falhadas de login.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-f> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Diz ao B para usar um ficheiro especifico em vez de I.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"B<->I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"Isto é uma contagem que diz ao B quantas linhas deve mostrar.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-n> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"O mesmo.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"B<-t> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is useful, e.g., \"\n\"to determine easily who was logged in at a particular time -- specify that \"\n\"time with B<-t> and look for \\\"still logged in\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Mostra o estados dos logins da hora especificada. Isto é útil, ex. para \"\n\"determinar facilmente quem tinha login aberto numa hora particular -- \"\n\"especifique essa hora com B<-t> e procura por \\\"ainda com login aberto\\\".\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-R>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-R>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:84\nmsgid \"Suppresses the display of the hostname field.\"\nmsgstr \"Suprime o amostrar do campo hostname.\"\n\n#. {{{ -a\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:84 ../logsave.8:40 ../shutdown.8:56\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-a>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:87\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next \"\n\"flag.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Mostra o hostname na última coluna. Útil em combinação com a próxima \"\n\"bandeira.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:91\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host \"\n\"but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a \"\n\"hostname.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Para os logins não locais, o Linux guarda não apenas o nome da máquina da \"\n\"máquina remota mas também o seu número IP. Esta opção traduz o número IP de \"\n\"volta para um hostname.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:91 ../shutdown.8:91\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-F>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-F>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:93\nmsgid \"Print full login and logout times and dates.\"\nmsgstr \"Escreve as horas e datas de todos os login e logout.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:96\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option is like B<-d> in that it displays the IP number of the remote \"\n\"host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Esta opção é como B<-d> em que mostra o número IP da máquina remota, mas \"\n\"mostra o número IP em notação de números e pontos.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:96\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-l>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option allows the display of usernames longer than 8 characters. This \"\n\"may mess up formatting in some programs and make the output wider than the \"\n\"standard 80 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Esta opção permite a mostragem de nomes de utilizadores maiores que 8 \"\n\"caracteres. Isto pode estragar a formatação em alguns programas e tornar os \"\n\"resultados mais largos que o standard de 80 caracteres.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:100 ../utmpdump.1:33\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-o>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:102\nmsgid \"Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Lê um ficheiro wtmp de tipo antigo (escrito por aplicações de linux-libc5).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:104\nmsgid \"Display full user and domain names in the output.\"\nmsgstr \"Mostra nomes completos de utilizador e domínio no resultado.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:104 ../mountpoint.1:40 ../pidof.8:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-x>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-x>\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:107\nmsgid \"Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Mostra entradas de encerramento do sistema e mudanças de nível de execução.\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The files I and I might not be found. The system only logs \"\n\"information in these files if they are present. This is a local \"\n\"configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created \"\n\"with a simple B(1) command (for example, B).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Os ficheiros I e I podem não existir. O sistema apenas regista \"\n\"informação nestes ficheiros se eles estiverem presentes. Isto é um problema \"\n\"de configuração local. Se você deseja que estes ficheiros sejam usados, eles \"\n\"podem ser criados com um simples comando B(1) (por exemplo, B).\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:116\nmsgid \"/var/log/wtmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/wtmp\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:120\nmsgid \"/var/log/btmp\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/btmp\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:129\nmsgid \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../logsave.8:5\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LOGSAVE\"\nmsgstr \"LOGSAVE\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:8\nmsgid \"logsave - save the output of a command in a logfile\"\nmsgstr \"logsave - salva o resultado de um comando num ficheiro de registo\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:14\nmsgid \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\nmsgstr \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program will execute I with the specified \"\n\"argument(s), and save a copy of its output to I. If the containing \"\n\"directory for I does not exist, B will accumulate the \"\n\"output in memory until it can be written out. A copy of the output will \"\n\"also be written to standard output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O programa B irá executar I com os argumentos \"\n\"especificados, e guardar uma cópia do seu resultado no I. Se o \"\n\"directório para conter o I não existir, o B irá acumular o \"\n\"resultado em memória até que possa ser escrito. Uma cópia do resultado \"\n\"também será escrita na saída standard.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I is a single hyphen ('-'), then instead of executing a \"\n\"program, B will take its input from standard input and save it in \"\n\"I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Se I for um único hífen ('-'), então em vez de executar um \"\n\"programa, o B irá tomar a sua entrada a partir da entrada standard \"\n\"e guarda-la no I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:39\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is useful for saving the output of initial boot scripts until the \"\n\"I partition is mounted, so the output can be written to I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B é útil para salvar o resultado dos scripts de arranque inicial \"\n\"até que a partição I seja montada, para que o resultado seja gravado \"\n\"em I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause the output to be appended to I, instead of \"\n\"replacing its current contents.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Esta opção irá fazer com que o resultado seja acrescentado ao I, em \"\n\"vez de substituir o seu conteúdo actual.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause B to skip writing to the log file text which \"\n\"is bracketed with a control-A (ASCII 001 or Start of Header) and control-B \"\n\"(ASCII 002 or Start of Text). This allows progress bar information to be \"\n\"visible to the user on the console, while not being written to the log file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Esta opção fará com que o B salte escrever no ficheiro de registo o \"\n\"texto que está envolto com um control-A (ASCII 001 ou Inicio de Cabeçalho) e \"\n\"control-B (ASCII 002 ou Inicio de Texto). Isto permite que a informação da \"\n\"barra de progresso esteja visível par ao utilizador, e não ser escrita no \"\n\"ficheiro de registo.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:58\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will make B to be more verbose in its output to the \"\n\"user.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Esta opção fará com que o B seja mais detalhado no seu resultado \"\n\"para o utilizador.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:62\nmsgid \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:63\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MESG\"\nmsgstr \"MESG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Feb 26, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"26 Fevereiro, 2001\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../readbootlog.1:20 ../utmpdump.1:18\n#: ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"User Commands\"\nmsgstr \"Comandos de Utilizador\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:27\nmsgid \"mesg - control write access to your terminal\"\nmsgstr \"mesg - controla o acesso de escrita ao seu terminal\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:32\nmsgid \"B [B|B]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B|B]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B controls the access to your terminal by others. It's typically used \"\n\"to allow or disallow other users to write to your terminal (see B(1)).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B controla o acesso ao seu terminal por outros. É tipicamente usado \"\n\"para permitir ou proibir que outros utilizadores escrevam no seu terminal \"\n\"(veja B(1)).\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:39\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:41\nmsgid \"Allow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"Permite acesso de escrita ao seu terminal.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:41\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"B\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:43\nmsgid \"Disallow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"Retira permissão de acesso de escrita ao seu terminal.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no option is given, B prints out the current access state of your \"\n\"terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Se não for dada nenhuma opção, o B escreve o estado de acesso actual \"\n\"do seu terminal.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that its standard input is connected to your terminal. That \"\n\"also means that if you are logged in multiple times, you can get/set the \"\n\"mesg status of other sessions by using redirection. For example \\\"mesg n \"\n\"E /dev/pts/46\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B assume que a sua entrada standard está ligada ao seu terminal. \"\n\"Isso também significa que se você tiver vários logins abertos, você pode \"\n\"obter/definir o estado do mesg de outras sessões ao usar redirecionamento. \"\n\"Por exemplo, \\\"mesg n E /dev/pts/46\\\".\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:62\nmsgid \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MOUNTPOINT\"\nmsgstr \"PONTO DE MONTA\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Mar 15, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"15 Março, 2004\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:21\nmsgid \"mountpoint - see if a directory is a mountpoint\"\nmsgstr \"mountpoint - vê se um directório é um ponto de montagem\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:26\nmsgid \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:30\nmsgid \"B B<-x> I\"\nmsgstr \"B B<-x> I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:32\nmsgid \"B checks if the directory is a mountpoint.\"\nmsgstr \"B verifica se um directório é um ponto de montagem.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mountpoint.1:34 ../pidof.8:60 ../shutdown.8:107\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-q>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-q>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:36\nmsgid \"Be quiet - don't print anything.\"\nmsgstr \"Fica calado - não escreve nada.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:38\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the filesystem on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Escreve o número de dispositivo maior/menor do sistema de ficheiros no \"\n\"stdout.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Check Linux's I file to try to detect circular mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Verifica o ficheiro I do Linux para tentar detectar pontos de \"\n\"montagem circulares.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:42\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the blockdevice on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Escreve o número de dispositivo maior/menor do dispositivo de bloco no \"\n\"stdout.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:44\nmsgid \"Zero if the directory is a mountpoint, non-zero if not.\"\nmsgstr \"Zero se o directório for um ponto de montagem, não-zero se não for.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Symbolic links are not followed, except when the B<-x> option is used. To \"\n\"force following symlinks, add a trailing slash to the path of the directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Os links simbólicos não são seguidos, excepto quando a opção B<-x> é usada. \"\n\"Para forçar o seguimento dos links simbólicos, adicione uma barra \\\"/\\\" no \"\n\"final do caminho do directório.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:52\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The name of the command is misleading when the B<-x> option is used, but the \"\n\"option is useful for comparing if a directory and a device match up, and \"\n\"there is no other command that can print the info easily.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O nome do comando é enganoso quando a opção B<-x> é usada, mas a opção é \"\n\"útil para comparar se um directório e um dispositivo correspondem, e não há \"\n\"mais nenhum outro comando que consiga escrever a informação com facilidade.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The mountpoint command fails when a directory is binded to one of its \"\n\"grandparents. For example, if /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then \"\n\"mountpoint will report /a/b/c/d is not a valid mount point. This is because \"\n\"both the original directory and its new mount point share the same inode and \"\n\"device number.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O comando mountpoint falha quando um directório é cego por um dos seus avôs. \"\n\"Por exemplo, se /a/b/c/d for um ponto de montagem para /a/b então o \"\n\"mountpoint irá reportar que /a/b/c/d não é um ponto de montagem válido. Isto \"\n\"deve-se a que ambos o directório original e o seu novo ponto de montagem \"\n\"partilham o mesmo inode e número de dispositivo.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The circular mount problem can be worked around on Linux systems by using \"\n\"theB<-p> flag to check the I file for references to the \"\n\"circular mount bind. When using the B<-p> flag, make sure to specify the \"\n\"full path (ie I and not just I). Also, B may \"\n\"still fail if there are spaces in the mount point's path, even when using \"\n\"the B<-p> flag because of the way B mangles the spaces in the \"\n\"path name. Of course, if the admin is using circular mount points with \"\n\"spaces in the name, there are bigger concerns.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O problema de montagem circular pode ser contornado em sistemas Linux ao \"\n\"usar a bandeira B<-p> para verificar no ficheiro I por \"\n\"referências a vínculo de montagem circular. Quando se usar a bandeira B<-p>, \"\n\"certifique de especificar o caminho completo (isto é, I e não \"\n\"apenas I). Também, o B pode ainda falhar se existirem \"\n\"espaços no caminho dos pontos de montagem, mesmo usando a bandeira B<-p> \"\n\"devido ao modo que o B lida com os espaços no nome do caminho. \"\n\"Claro que, se o administrador está a usar pontos de montagem circulares com \"\n\"espaços no nome, existem grandes preocupações.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:71\nmsgid \"B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"B(1)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"PIDOF\"\nmsgstr \"PIDOF\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"01 Sep 1998\"\nmsgstr \"1 Setembro 1998\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:21\nmsgid \"pidof - find the process ID of a running program\"\nmsgstr \"pidof - encontra o ID de processo de um programa a correr\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> I] I \"\n\"[I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> I] I \"\n\"[I]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B finds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs. It prints \"\n\"those id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems used in \"\n\"run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a I like \"\n\"I structure. In that case these scripts are located in I, \"\n\"where ? is the runlevel. If the system has a B(8) program \"\n\"that should be used instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B encontra os id's de processos (PIDs) dos programas nomeados. \"\n\"Escreve esses id's na saída standard. Este programa é usado em alguns \"\n\"sistemas em scripts de mudança de nível de execução, especialmente quando o \"\n\"sistema tem uma estrutura I tipo I. Nesse caso estes scripts \"\n\"estão localizados em I, onde ? é o runlevel. Se o sistema tem um \"\n\"programa B(8) deve ser esse o usado em vez disto.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:47\nmsgid \"Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one I.\"\nmsgstr \"Single shot - isto instruí o programa a apenas retornar um I.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:51\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Only return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory. \"\n\"This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check \"\n\"the current root directory of processes they do not own.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Apenas retorna PIDs de processos que estão a correr no mesmo directório \"\n\"raiz. Esta opção é ignorada para utilizadores não-root, pois seria incapaz \"\n\"de verificar o directório raiz actual dos processos que não possui.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:60\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Avoid B(2) system function call on all binaries which are located on \"\n\"network based file systems like B. Instead of using this option the \"\n\"variable B may be set and exported.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Evita chamar a função de sistema B(2) em todos os binários que estão \"\n\"localizados em sistemas de ficheiros baseados em rede como B. Em vez de \"\n\"usar esta opção a variável B pode ser definida e exportada.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Do not display matched PIDs to standard out. Simply exit with a status of \"\n\"true or false to indicate whether a matching PID was found.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Não mostra os PIDs correspondentes na saída standard. Simplesmente termina \"\n\"com um estado de verdadeiro ou falso para indicar se foi encontrado um PID \"\n\"correspondente.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of shells \"\n\"running the named scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Scripts too - isto faz o programa também retornar id's de processos de \"\n\"shells que correm nos strings nomeados.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:66\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z>\"\nmsgstr \"B<-z>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:73\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Try to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z) status. Usually these \"\n\"processes are skipped as trying to deal with them can cause pidof or related \"\n\"tools to hang. Note: In the past pidof would ignore processes in the \"\n\"uninterruptable state (D), unless the B<-z> flag was specified. This is no \"\n\"longer the case. The B program will find and report processes in the \"\n\"D state whether B<-z> is specified or not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Tenta detectar processos que estão presos em estado zombie (Z). Normalmente \"\n\"estes processos são saltados pois tentar lidar com eles causa ao pidof ou a \"\n\"ferramentas relacionadas ficarem paradas. Nota: No passado o pidof iria \"\n\"ignorar processos no estado ininterrupto (D), a menos que a bandeira B<-z> \"\n\"fosse especificada. Este não é mais o caso. O program B irá encontrar \"\n\"e reportar processos no estado D quer B<-z> seja especificada ou não.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-d I\"\nmsgstr \"-d I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:76\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to use I as an output separator if more than one PID is \"\n\"shown. The default separator is a space.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Diz ao I para usar I como um separador de resultados se for \"\n\"mostrado mais do que um PID. O separador predefinido é um espaço.\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:76\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-o I\"\nmsgstr \"-o I\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:80\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to omit processes with that process id. The special pid B<\"\n\"%PPID> can be used to name the parent process of the B program, in \"\n\"other words the calling shell or shell script.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Diz ao I para omitir processos com esse id de processo. O pid \"\n\"especial B<%PPID> pode ser usado para nomear o processo pai do programa \"\n\"B, por outras palavras, a shell ou script de shell que o chama.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:81\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>\"\nmsgstr \"B<0>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:84\nmsgid \"At least one program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"Pelo menos um programa foi encontrado com o nome requisitado.\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:84\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1>\"\nmsgstr \"B<1>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:87\nmsgid \"No program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"Nenhum programa foi encontrado com o nome requisitado.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"I is actually the same program as B(8); the program behaves \"\n\"according to the name under which it is called.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"I é na realidade o mesmo programa que B(8); o programa \"\n\"comporta-se de acordo com o nome pelo qual é chamado.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is invoked with a full pathname to the program it should find \"\n\"the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible that it returns \"\n\"PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name as the program \"\n\"you're after but are actually other programs. Note that the executable name \"\n\"of running processes is calculated with B(2), so symbolic links to \"\n\"executables will also match.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Quando o B é invocado com um nome de caminho completo para o programa \"\n\"que deve encontrar o pid, é razoavelmente seguro. Caso contrário, é \"\n\"possível que retorne PIDs de programas a correr que tenham o mesmo nome que \"\n\"o programa que procura mas sejam na realidade outros programas. Note que o \"\n\"nome executável dos processos que correm é calculado com B(2), \"\n\"assim os links simbólicos para executáveis também podem corresponder.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Zombie processes or processes in disk sleep (states Z and D, respectively) \"\n\"are ignored, as attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail. \"\n\"The B<-z> flag (see above) tells B to try to detect these sleeping \"\n\"and zombie processes, at the risk of failing or hanging.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Os processos zombie ou processos em disco adormecido (estados Z e D, \"\n\"respetivamente) são ignorados, pois as tentativas de aceder às estatísticas \"\n\"destes irá algumas vezes falhar. A bandeira B<-z> (veja em cima) diz ao \"\n\"B para tentar detectar estes processos adormecidos e zombie, com o \"\n\"risco de falhar ou ficar pendurado.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:110\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"READBOOTLOG\"\nmsgstr \"READBOOTLOG\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOV 12, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"12 Novembro, 2018\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"readbootlog - show contents of the boot log, stripping away control \"\n\"characters\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"readbootlog - mostra o conteúdo do registo de arranque, retirando os \"\n\"caracteres de controlo.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:31\nmsgid \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\nmsgstr \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is a tool for reading the boot log (by default I). The program strips away control characters and non-human readable \"\n\"contents from the log file. Output is dumped to the terminal where it can be \"\n\"piped or redirected to a file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"B é uma ferramenta para ler o registo de arranque (por \"\n\"predefinição I). Este programa retira os caracteres de \"\n\"controlo e conteúdos não legíveis por humanos do ficheiro de registo. O \"\n\"resultado é despejado para o terminal onde pode ser canalizado ou \"\n\"redirecionado para um ficheiro.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Diz ao B para usar um ficheiro especifico em vez de I.\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:48\nmsgid \"Displays a brief help message.\"\nmsgstr \"Mostra uma mensagem de ajuda breve.\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52\nmsgid \"/var/log/boot\"\nmsgstr \"/var/log/boot\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:59\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVEL\"\nmsgstr \"RUNLEVEL\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 27, 1997\"\nmsgstr \"27 Maio, 1997\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:21\nmsgid \"runlevel - find the previous and current system runlevel\"\nmsgstr \"runlevel - encontra o runlevel anterior e actual do sistema\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:24\nmsgid \"B [I]\"\nmsgstr \"B [I]\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B reads the system I file (typically I) to \"\n\"locate the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system \"\n\"runlevel on its standard output, separated by a single space. If there is no \"\n\"previous system runlevel, the letter B will be printed instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B lê o ficheiro I do sistema (tipicamente I) para localizar o registo do runlevel, e depois escreve o runlevel \"\n\"anterior e actual do sistema na sua saída standard, separados por um espaço \"\n\"único. Se não existir um runlevel de sistema anterior, então é escrita a \"\n\"letra B.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no I file exists, and if no runlevel record can be found in the I file, B prints the word B and exits \"\n\"with an error.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Se nenhum ficheiro I existir, e se nenhum registo de runlevel puder \"\n\"ser encontrado no ficheiro I, o B escreve a \"\n\"palavra B e termina com erro.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:49\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can be used in I scripts as a substitute for the System-V \"\n\"B command. However, in newer versions of B(8) this \"\n\"information is also available in the environment variables B and \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"O B pode ser usado em scripts I como substituto do comando \"\n\"B do System-V. No entanto, em versões mais recentes do B(8) \"\n\"esta informação está também disponível nas variáveis de ambiente B \"\n\"e B.\"\n\n#. {{{ utmp\n#. type: IP\n#: ../runlevel.8:51\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"I\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:54\nmsgid \"The name of the I file to read.\"\nmsgstr \"O nome do ficheiro I a ler.\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:57\nmsgid \"B(8), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"B(8), B(5)\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SHUTDOWN\"\nmsgstr \"SHUTDOWN\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"November 12, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"12 Novembro, 2003\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:27\nmsgid \"shutdown - bring the system down\"\nmsgstr \"shutdown - desliga o sistema\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-akrhPHfFncqQ>] [B<-t> I] I,\"\n#~ msgstr \"B,\"\n" }, { "path": "man/po/sysvinit-man.pot", "content": "# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE\n# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n# This file is distributed under the same license as the sysvinit package.\n# FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR.\n#\n#, fuzzy\nmsgid \"\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\"Project-Id-Version: sysvinit 3.05\\n\"\n\"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Your Bugmail \\n\"\n\"POT-Creation-Date: 2022-05-09 12:43-0300\\n\"\n\"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\\n\"\n\"Last-Translator: FULL NAME \\n\"\n\"Language-Team: LANGUAGE \\n\"\n\"Language: \\n\"\n\"MIME-Version: 1.0\\n\"\n\"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\\n\"\n\"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\\n\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTLOGD\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 21, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18 ../fstab-decode.8:20 ../halt.8:20 ../init.8:20\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20 ../killall5.8:18\n#: ../last.1:20 ../logsave.8:5 ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../pidof.8:18\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20 ../runlevel.8:18 ../shutdown.8:20 ../sulogin.8:18\n#: ../utmpdump.1:18 ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"sysvinit \"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:18 ../fstab-decode.8:20 ../halt.8:20 ../init.8:20\n#: ../killall5.8:18 ../logsave.8:5 ../pidof.8:18 ../runlevel.8:18\n#: ../shutdown.8:20 ../sulogin.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Linux System Administrator's Manual\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:19 ../fstab-decode.8:22 ../halt.8:23 ../init.8:23\n#: ../initctl.5:18 ../initscript.5:19 ../inittab.5:23 ../killall5.8:19\n#: ../last.1:23 ../logsave.8:6 ../mesg.1:23 ../mountpoint.1:19 ../pidof.8:19\n#: ../readbootlog.1:23 ../runlevel.8:19 ../shutdown.8:23 ../sulogin.8:19\n#: ../utmpdump.1:19 ../wall.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NAME\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:21\nmsgid \"bootlogd - record boot messages\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:21 ../fstab-decode.8:25 ../halt.8:27 ../init.8:27\n#: ../initctl.5:20 ../initscript.5:21 ../killall5.8:21 ../last.1:27\n#: ../logsave.8:8 ../mesg.1:27 ../mountpoint.1:21 ../pidof.8:21\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27 ../runlevel.8:21 ../shutdown.8:27 ../sulogin.8:21\n#: ../utmpdump.1:21 ../wall.1:23\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SYNOPSIS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-c>] [B<-d>] [B<-e>] [B<-r>] [B<-s>] [B<-v>] [I< \"\n\">B<-l>I< logfile >] [I< >B<-p>I< pidfile >]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:31 ../fstab-decode.8:28 ../halt.8:53 ../init.8:46\n#: ../initctl.5:22 ../initscript.5:23 ../inittab.5:28 ../killall5.8:28\n#: ../last.1:48 ../logsave.8:14 ../mesg.1:32 ../mountpoint.1:30 ../pidof.8:36\n#: ../readbootlog.1:34 ../runlevel.8:24 ../shutdown.8:36 ../sulogin.8:27\n#: ../utmpdump.1:25 ../wall.1:28\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"DESCRIPTION\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:35\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B runs in the background and copies all strings sent to the \"\n\"I device to a logfile. If the I is not accessible, \"\n\"the messages will be kept in memory until it is.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:35 ../halt.8:68 ../killall5.8:34 ../last.1:70 ../logsave.8:39\n#: ../mesg.1:38 ../mountpoint.1:33 ../pidof.8:44 ../readbootlog.1:42\n#: ../runlevel.8:49 ../shutdown.8:54 ../utmpdump.1:28 ../wall.1:52\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"OPTIONS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:36 ../halt.8:75 ../last.1:87 ../mountpoint.1:36\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-d>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:38\nmsgid \"Do not fork and run in the background.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:38\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-e>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Print escape characters to the boot log file. This turns off filtering of \"\n\"escape characters and allows tools like GNU B(1) to see and use colour \"\n\"control characters (show the log in colour).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:42 ../pidof.8:47 ../shutdown.8:101\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-c>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:47\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Attempt to write to the logfile even if it does not yet exist. Without this \"\n\"option, B will wait for the logfile to appear before attempting to \"\n\"write to it. This behavior prevents B from creating logfiles under \"\n\"mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:47 ../shutdown.8:64 ../utmpdump.1:31\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-r>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:50\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If there is an existing logfile called I rename it to I \"\n\"unless I already exists.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:50 ../logsave.8:45 ../pidof.8:45\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Ensure that the data is written to the file after each line by calling \"\n\"B(3). This will slow down a B(8) process running in \"\n\"parallel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:56 ../logsave.8:53\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-v>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:58\nmsgid \"Show version.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:58\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:60\nmsgid \"Log to this logfile. The default is I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../bootlogd.8:60\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-p> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:62\nmsgid \"Put process-id in this file. The default is no pidfile.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:62 ../halt.8:94 ../initctl.5:119 ../initscript.5:60\n#: ../killall5.8:37 ../last.1:107 ../mesg.1:48 ../mountpoint.1:44 ../pidof.8:87\n#: ../shutdown.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOTES\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:67\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B saves log data which includes control characters. The log is \"\n\"technically a text file, but not very easy for humans to read. To address \"\n\"this the B(1) command can be used to display the boot log \"\n\"without the control characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:67 ../utmpdump.1:52\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BUGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B works by redirecting the console output from the console \"\n\"device. (Consequently B requires PTY support in the kernel \"\n\"configuration.) It copies that output to the real console device and to a \"\n\"log file. There is no standard way of ascertaining the real console device \"\n\"if you have a new-style I device (major 5, minor 1) so \"\n\"B parses the kernel command line looking for B lines \"\n\"and deduces the real console device from that. If that syntax is ever \"\n\"changed by the kernel, or a console type is used that B does not \"\n\"know about then B will not work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:78 ../halt.8:116 ../init.8:337 ../initctl.5:147\n#: ../initscript.5:68 ../inittab.5:275 ../killall5.8:48 ../last.1:120\n#: ../logsave.8:58 ../mesg.1:53 ../mountpoint.1:66 ../pidof.8:110\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52 ../runlevel.8:57 ../shutdown.8:232 ../sulogin.8:84\n#: ../utmpdump.1:60 ../wall.1:74\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"AUTHOR\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:82 ../halt.8:122 ../initscript.5:72 ../killall5.8:51\n#: ../last.1:126 ../mesg.1:59 ../mountpoint.1:70 ../pidof.8:113\n#: ../runlevel.8:60 ../shutdown.8:238 ../sulogin.8:88 ../wall.1:77\nmsgid \"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../bootlogd.8:82 ../fstab-decode.8:67 ../halt.8:122 ../init.8:346\n#: ../initctl.5:151 ../initscript.5:72 ../inittab.5:290 ../killall5.8:44\n#: ../last.1:126 ../logsave.8:62 ../mesg.1:59 ../mountpoint.1:70 ../pidof.8:104\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58 ../runlevel.8:54 ../shutdown.8:238 ../sulogin.8:88\n#: ../utmpdump.1:62 ../wall.1:70\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SEE ALSO\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../bootlogd.8:85\nmsgid \"B(8), B(3), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FSTAB-DECODE\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 2006\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:24\nmsgid \"fstab-decode - run a command with fstab-encoded arguments\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:27\nmsgid \"B I [I]...\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B decodes escapes (such as newline characters and other \"\n\"whitespace) in the specified Is and uses them to run I. \"\n\"The argument escaping uses the same rules as path escaping in I, \"\n\"I and I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In essence B can be used anytime we want to pass multiple \"\n\"parameters to a command as a list of command line arguments. It turns output \"\n\"like this:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/root\\n\"\n\"/mnt/remote-disk\\n\"\n\"/home\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:49\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Into one long list of parameters, \\\"/root /mnt/remote-disk /home\\\". This\\n\"\n\"can be useful when trying to work with multiple filesystems at once. For\\n\"\n\"instance, we can use it to unmount multiple NFS shares. This program also\\n\"\n\"removes whitespace and other characters which might cause programs such\\n\"\n\"as B(8) or B(8) to fail.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:50 ../killall5.8:40 ../mountpoint.1:42 ../pidof.8:80\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"EXIT STATUS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B exits with status 127 if I can't be run. Otherwise \"\n\"it exits with the status returned by I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Examples\n#. type: SH\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:57 ../initctl.5:93 ../initscript.5:28 ../inittab.5:204\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"EXAMPLES\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:62\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following example reads I, finds all instances of VFAT \"\n\"filesystems and prints their mount points (argument 2 in the I \"\n\"file). B then runs the specified program, B(8), and \"\n\"passes it the list of VFAT mountpoints. This unmounts all VFAT partitions.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:65\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../fstab-decode.8:68\nmsgid \"B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../halt.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"HALT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../halt.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Nov 6, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:27\nmsgid \"halt, reboot, poweroff - stop the system\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:36\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-p>] [B<-h>]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:43\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:53\nmsgid \"B [B<-n>] [B<-w>] [B<-d>] [B<-f>] [B<-i>] [B<-h>]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B notes that the system is being brought down in the file \"\n\"I, and then either tells the kernel to halt, reboot or \"\n\"power-off the system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B or B is called when the system is I in runlevel B<0> \"\n\"or B<6>, in other words when it's running normally, B will be \"\n\"invoked instead (with the B<-h> or B<-r> flag). For more info see the \"\n\"B(8) manpage.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:68\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The rest of this manpage describes the behavior in runlevels 0 and 6, that \"\n\"is when the systems shutdown scripts are being run.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:69 ../pidof.8:51 ../shutdown.8:95 ../wall.1:53\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:72\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Don't sync before reboot or halt. Note that the kernel and storage drivers \"\n\"may still sync. This implies B<-d>.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:72 ../last.1:102\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-w>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:75\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Don't actually reboot or halt but only write the wtmp record (in the \"\n\"I file).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:77\nmsgid \"Don't write the wtmp record.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:77 ../shutdown.8:87 ../utmpdump.1:29\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:79\nmsgid \"Force halt or reboot, don't call B(8).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:79 ../last.1:93\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-i>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:83\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Shut down all network interfaces just before B or B. Warning: \"\n\"This may not work on interfaces which do not have an IP address and should \"\n\"ideally be handled by a network manager service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:83 ../readbootlog.1:45 ../shutdown.8:68 ../utmpdump.1:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-h>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:85\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Put all hard drives on the system in stand-by mode just before halt or \"\n\"power-off.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../halt.8:85 ../mountpoint.1:38\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-p>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When halting the system, switch off the power. This is the default when \"\n\"B is called as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../halt.8:90 ../init.8:327\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"DIAGNOSTICS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:94\nmsgid \"If you're not the superuser, you will get the message `must be superuser'.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Under older B releases, B and B should never be \"\n\"called directly. From release 2.74 on B and B invoke \"\n\"B(8) if the system is not in runlevel 0 or 6. This means that if \"\n\"B or B cannot find out the current runlevel (for example, when \"\n\"I hasn't been initialized correctly and I \"\n\"does not exist) B will be called, which might not be what you \"\n\"want. Use the B<-f> flag if you want to do a hard B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:109\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B<-h> flag puts all hard disks in standby mode just before halt or \"\n\"power-off. Right now this is only implemented for IDE drives. A side effect \"\n\"of putting the drive in stand-by mode is that the write cache on the disk is \"\n\"flushed. This is important for IDE drives, since the kernel doesn't flush \"\n\"the write cache itself before power-off.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:113\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program uses I to find all IDE disk devices, \"\n\"which means that I needs to be mounted when B or B is \"\n\"called or the B<-h> switch will do nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../halt.8:124\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../init.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INIT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../init.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"29 Jul 2004\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:27\nmsgid \"init, telinit - process control initialization\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B< -a >] [B< -s >] [B< -b >] [ B<-z> I ] [B< 0123456Ss \"\n\">]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:37\nmsgid \"B [B< --version >]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:41\nmsgid \"B [ B<-t> I ] [B< 0123456sSQqabcUu >]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:46\nmsgid \"B [ B<-e> I[B<=>I] ]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ init\n#. type: SS\n#: ../init.8:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create \"\n\"processes from a script stored in the file I (see \"\n\"B(5)). This file usually has entries which cause B to spawn \"\n\"Bs on each line that users can log in. It also controls autonomous \"\n\"processes required by any particular system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Runlevels\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVELS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A I is a software configuration of the system which allows only a \"\n\"selected group of processes to exist. The processes spawned by B for \"\n\"each of these runlevels are defined in the I file. B \"\n\"can be in one of eight runlevels: B<0\\\\(en6> and B (a.k.a. B). The \"\n\"runlevel is changed by having a privileged user run B, which sends \"\n\"appropriate signals to B, telling it which runlevel to change to.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:75\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels B, B<0>, B<1>, and B<6> are reserved. Runlevel S is used to \"\n\"initialize the system on boot. When starting runlevel S (on boot) or \"\n\"runlevel 1 (switching from a multi-user runlevel) the system is entering \"\n\"``single-user mode'', after which the current runlevel is S. Runlevel 0 is \"\n\"used to halt the system; runlevel 6 is used to reboot the system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After booting through S the system automatically enters one of the \"\n\"multi-user runlevels 2 through 5, unless there was some problem that needs \"\n\"to be fixed by the administrator in single-user mode. Normally after \"\n\"entering single-user mode the administrator performs maintenance and then \"\n\"reboots the system.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:85\nmsgid \"For more information, see the manpages for B(8) and B(5).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels 7-9 are also valid, though not really documented. This is because \"\n\"\\\"traditional\\\" Unix variants don't use them.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevels I and I are the same. Internally they are aliases for the \"\n\"same runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:93\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTING\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After B is invoked as the last step of the kernel boot sequence, it \"\n\"looks for the file I to see if there is an entry of the type \"\n\"B (see B(5)). The B entry determines the \"\n\"initial runlevel of the system. If there is no such entry (or no \"\n\"I at all), a runlevel must be entered at the system console.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Runlevel B or B initialize the system and do not require an \"\n\"I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:105\nmsgid \"In single user mode, B is invoked on I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:109\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When entering single user mode, B initializes the consoles B \"\n\"settings to sane values. Clocal mode is set. Hardware speed and handshaking \"\n\"are not changed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When entering a multi-user mode for the first time, B performs the \"\n\"B and B entries to allow file systems to be mounted before \"\n\"users can log in. Then all entries matching the runlevel are processed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:118\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When starting a new process, B first checks whether the file \"\n\"I exists. If it does, it uses this script to start the \"\n\"process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:122\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Each time a child terminates, B records the fact and the reason it \"\n\"died in I and I, provided that these files \"\n\"exist.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:122\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CHANGING RUNLEVELS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"After it has spawned all of the processes specified, B waits for one \"\n\"of its descendant processes to die, a powerfail signal, or until it is \"\n\"signaled by B to change the system's runlevel. When one of the \"\n\"above three conditions occurs, it re-examines the I file. New \"\n\"entries can be added to this file at any time. However, B still waits \"\n\"for one of the above three conditions to occur. To provide for an \"\n\"instantaneous response, the B or B command can wake up B \"\n\"to re-examine (reload) the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:136\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B is not in single user mode and receives a powerfail signal \"\n\"(SIGPWR), it reads the file I. It then starts a command \"\n\"based on the contents of this file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"F(AIL)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:139\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Power is failing, UPS is providing the power. Execute the B and \"\n\"B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:139\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"O(K)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:141\nmsgid \"The power has been restored, execute the B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:141\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"L(OW)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:144\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The power is failing and the UPS has a low battery. Execute the \"\n\"B entries.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:148\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I doesn't exist or contains anything else then the \"\n\"letters B, B or B, B will behave as if it has read the letter \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:153\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usage of B and I is discouraged. Someone wanting \"\n\"to interact with B should use the I control channel - \"\n\"see the B(5) manual page for more documentation about this.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ telinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:165\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is requested to change the runlevel, it sends the warning \"\n\"signal B to all processes that are undefined in the new runlevel. \"\n\"It then waits 3 seconds before forcibly terminating these processes via the \"\n\"B signal. Note that B assumes that all these processes (and \"\n\"their descendants) remain in the same process group which B originally \"\n\"created for them. If any process changes its process group affiliation it \"\n\"will not receive these signals. Such processes need to be terminated \"\n\"separately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:165\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"TELINIT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:170\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is linked to B. It takes a one-character \"\n\"argument and signals B to perform the appropriate action. The \"\n\"following arguments serve as directives to B:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:170\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>, B<1>, B<2>, B<3>, B<4>, B<5> or B<6>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:172\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to the specified run level.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B, B, B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:175\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to process only those B file entries having \"\n\"runlevel B, B or B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:175\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:177\nmsgid \"tell B to re-examine the I file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:177\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:179\nmsgid \"tell B to switch to single user mode.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:179\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B or B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:184\nmsgid \"\"\n\"tell B to re-execute itself (preserving the state). No re-examining of \"\n\"I file happens. Runlevel should be one of B \"\n\"otherwise request would be silently ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:188\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can tell B how long it should wait between sending \"\n\"processes the B and B signals. The default is 3 seconds, \"\n\"but this can be changed with the B<-t> option.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B tells B to change the environment for processes it \"\n\"spawns. The argument of B<-e> is either of the form I=I which \"\n\"sets variable I to value I, or of the form I (without an \"\n\"equality sign) which unsets variable I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:199\nmsgid \"B can be invoked only by users with appropriate privileges.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:206\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B binary checks if it is B or B by looking at its \"\n\"I; the real B's process id is always B<1>. From this it \"\n\"follows that instead of calling B one can also just use B \"\n\"instead as a shortcut.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:206 ../wall.1:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"ENVIRONMENT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:208\nmsgid \"B sets the following environment variables for all its children:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:208\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:210\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:210\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:212\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As the name says. Useful to determine if a script runs directly from \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:212\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:214\nmsgid \"The current system runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:214\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:216\nmsgid \"The previous runlevel (useful after a runlevel switch).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../init.8:216\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:219\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The system console. This is really inherited from the kernel; however if it \"\n\"is not set B will set it to I by default.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:219\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"BOOTFLAGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"It is possible to pass a number of flags to B from the boot monitor \"\n\"(eg. LILO or GRUB). B accepts the following flags:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:222\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-s, S, single>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:227\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Single user mode boot. In this mode I is examined and the \"\n\"bootup rc scripts are usually run before the single user mode shell is \"\n\"started.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:228\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1-5>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:231\nmsgid \"Runlevel to boot into.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:232\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-b, emergency>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:236\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Boot directly into a single user shell without running any other startup \"\n\"scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a, auto>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:245\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The LILO boot loader adds the word \\\"auto\\\" to the command line if it booted \"\n\"the kernel with the default command line (without user intervention). If \"\n\"this is found B sets the \\\"AUTOBOOT\\\" environment variable to \"\n\"\\\"yes\\\". Note that you cannot use this for any security measures - of course \"\n\"the user could specify \\\"auto\\\" or B<-a> on the command line manually.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:246\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z >I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:252\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The argument to B<-z> is ignored. You can use this to expand the command \"\n\"line a bit, so that it takes some more space on the stack. B can then \"\n\"manipulate the command line so that B(1) shows the current runlevel.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<--version>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:259\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This argument, when used on its own, displays the current version of B \"\n\"to the console/stdout. It is a quick way to determine which B software \"\n\"and version is being used. After the version information is displayed, \"\n\"B immediately exits with a return code of zero.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:260\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INTERFACE\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:266\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B listens on a I in /dev, I, for messages. \"\n\"B uses this to communicate with B. The interface is not very \"\n\"well documented or finished. Those interested should study the I \"\n\"file in the I subdirectory of the B source code tar archive.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:266\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SIGNALS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:268\nmsgid \"Init reacts to several signals:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:268\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:271\nmsgid \"Has the same effect as B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:272\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:276\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On receipt of this signals, B closes and re-opens its control fifo, \"\n\"B. Useful for bootscripts when I is remounted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:276\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:283\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B receives B, B closes and leaves the control \"\n\"fifo, B, closed. This may be used to make sure B is not \"\n\"holding open any files. However, it also prevents B from switching \"\n\"runlevels. Which means commands like shutdown no longer work. The fifo can \"\n\"be re-opened by sending B the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:283\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:287\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Normally the kernel sends this signal to B when CTRL-ALT-DEL is \"\n\"pressed. It activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../init.8:287\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:291\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The kernel sends this signal when the I key is hit. It \"\n\"activates the I action.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Conforming to\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:292\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"CONFORMING TO\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:300\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is compatible with the System V init. It works closely together with \"\n\"the scripts in the directories I and I. \"\n\"If your system uses this convention, there should be a I file in the \"\n\"directory I explaining how these scripts work.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:300 ../initctl.5:143 ../initscript.5:65 ../inittab.5:271\n#: ../last.1:114 ../readbootlog.1:48 ../shutdown.8:207\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"FILES\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:308\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/etc/inittab\\n\"\n\"/etc/initscript\\n\"\n\"/dev/console\\n\"\n\"/var/run/utmp\\n\"\n\"/var/log/wtmp\\n\"\n\"/run/initctl\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Warnings\n#. type: SH\n#: ../init.8:311\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"WARNINGS\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:317\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that processes and descendants of processes remain in the \"\n\"same process group which was originally created for them. If the processes \"\n\"change their group, B can't kill them and you may end up with two \"\n\"processes reading from one terminal line.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Diagnostics\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:327\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On a Debian system, entering runlevel 1 causes all processes to be killed \"\n\"except for kernel threads and the script that does the killing and other \"\n\"processes in its session. As a consequence of this, it isn't safe to return \"\n\"from runlevel 1 to a multi-user runlevel: daemons that were started in \"\n\"runlevel S and are needed for normal operation are no longer running. The \"\n\"system should be rebooted.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:337\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If B finds that it is continuously respawning an entry more than 10 \"\n\"times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command \"\n\"string, generate an error message on the system console, and refuse to \"\n\"respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has elapsed or it receives a \"\n\"signal. This prevents it from eating up system resources when someone makes \"\n\"a typographical error in the I file or the program for the \"\n\"entry is removed.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:346\nmsgid \"\"\n\"E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van Smoorenburg E<.ME , initial \"\n\"manual page by> E<.MT u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> \"\n\"Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../init.8:356\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B(1), B(1), B(1), B(8), B(8), \"\n\"B(1), B(5), B(5), B(5), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITCTL\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"April 13, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initctl.5:17 ../initscript.5:18 ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"File Formats\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:20\nmsgid \"initctl - /run/initctl is a named pipe which passes commands to SysV init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:22\nmsgid \"/run/initctl\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This document describes the communication pipe set up by SysV B at \"\n\"I. This named pipe allows programs with the proper permissions \"\n\"(typically programs run by root have read+write access to the pipe) to send \"\n\"signals to the B program (PID 1).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:32\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B manual page has, up until recently, simply stated that people \"\n\"wishing to understand how to send messages to B should read the init \"\n\"program's source code, but that is not usually practical.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Messages sent to the pipe to talk to B must have a special format. \"\n\"This format is defined as a C structure and the technical break-down is \"\n\"presented here:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:44\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"/*\\n\"\n\" * Because of legacy interfaces, \\\"runlevel\\\" and \\\"sleeptime\\\"\\n\"\n\" * aren't in a separate struct in the union.\\n\"\n\" *\\n\"\n\" * The weird sizes are because init expects the whole\\n\"\n\" * struct to be 384 bytes.\\n\"\n\" */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request {\\n\"\n\" int magic; /* Magic number */\\n\"\n\" int cmd; /* What kind of request */\\n\"\n\" int runlevel; /* Runlevel to change to */\\n\"\n\" int sleeptime; /* Time between TERM and KILL */\\n\"\n\" union {\\n\"\n\" struct init_request_bsd bsd;\\n\"\n\" char data[368];\\n\"\n\" } i;\\n\"\n\"};\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Let's go through the init_request structure one line at a time. The first \"\n\"variable, the \\\"magic\\\" number must be of the value 0x03091969. The B \"\n\"program then knows that only programs with root access which send this magic \"\n\"number are authorized to communicate with init.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:64\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is a value in the range of 0-8 (currently). This I \"\n\"variable tells init what we want it to do. Here are the possible options:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:66\nmsgid \"1 - Set the current runlevel, specified by the runlevel variable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:68\nmsgid \"2 - The power will fail soon (probably low battery) prepare to shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:70\nmsgid \"3 - The power is failing, do shutdown immediately.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:72\nmsgid \"4 - The power is okay, cancel shutdown.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"6 - Set an environment variable to a value to be specified in \\n\"\n\" the I variable of this structure.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:78\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Other I options may be added to B later. For example, command \"\n\"values 0, 5 and 7 are defined but currently not implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:80\nmsgid \"The I variable will specify the runlevel to switch to (0-6).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable is to be used when we want to tell B to \"\n\"change the time spent waiting between sending B and B \"\n\"during the shutdown process. Changing this at run time is not yet \"\n\"implemented.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:88\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I variable (in the union) can be used to pass misc data which init \"\n\"might need to process our request. For example, when setting environment \"\n\"variables.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:92\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When setting an environment variable through B's I pipe, \"\n\"the data variable should have the format I=I. The string \"\n\"should be terminated with a NULL character.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:99\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The following C code example shows how to send a set environment variable \"\n\"request to the B process using the I pipe. This example \"\n\"is simplified and skips the error checking. A more complete example can be \"\n\"found in the shutdown.c program's B() function.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:103\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"struct init_request request; /* structure defined above */\\n\"\n\"int fd; /* file descriptor for pipe */\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:108\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); /* initialize structure */\\n\"\n\"request.magic = 0x03091969; /* magic number required */\\n\"\n\"request.cmd = 6; /* 6 is to set a variable */\\n\"\n\"sprintf(request.data, \\\"VARIABLE=VALUE\\\"); /* set VAR to VALUE in init \"\n\"*/\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:116\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY)) E= 0) /* open pipe for writing */\\n\"\n\"{ \\n\"\n\" size_t s = sizeof(request); /* size of structure to write \"\n\"*/\\n\"\n\" void *ptr = &request; /* temporary pointer */\\n\"\n\" write(fd, ptr, s); /* send structure to the pipe \"\n\"*/\\n\"\n\" close(fd); /* close the pipe when done */\\n\"\n\"}\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Usually the I pipe would only be used by low-level programs to \"\n\"request a power-related shutdown or change the runlevel, like B \"\n\"would do. Most of the time there is no need to talk to B directly, but \"\n\"this gives us an extendable approach so B can be taught how to learn \"\n\"more commands.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:130\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The commands passed through the I pipe must be sent in a \"\n\"specific binary format and be of a specific length. Larger data structures \"\n\"or ones not using the proper format will be ignored. Typically, only root \"\n\"has the ability to write to the initctl pipe for security reasons.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:138\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I pipe can be closed by sending init (PID 1) the \"\n\"B signal. This closes the pipe and leaves it closed. This may be \"\n\"useful for making sure B is not keeping any files open. However, when \"\n\"the pipe is closed, B no longer receives signals, such as those sent \"\n\"by B(8) or B(8). In other words if we close the pipe, \"\n\"B cannot change its runlevel directly. The pipe may be re-opened by \"\n\"sending B (PID 1) the B signal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:142\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If the I pipe is closed then it may still be possible to bring \"\n\"down the system using the B(8) command's B<-n> flag, but this is \"\n\"not always clean and not recommended.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:146\nmsgid \"/run/initctl /sbin/init\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:151\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com > Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initctl.5:152\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITSCRIPT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../initscript.5:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"July 10, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:21\nmsgid \"initscript - script that executes inittab commands\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:23\nmsgid \"/bin/sh /etc/initscript id runlevels action process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the shell script I is present, B will use it to \"\n\"execute the commands from I. This script can be used to set things \"\n\"like I and I default values for every process.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:31\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This is a sample initscript, which might be installed on your system as \"\n\"I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:42\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# initscript Executed by init(8) for every program it\\n\"\n\"# wants to spawn like this:\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# /bin/sh /etc/initscript EidE ElevelE \"\n\"EactionE EprocessE\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:48\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Set umask to safe level, and enable core dumps.\\n\"\n\" umask 022\\n\"\n\" ulimit -c 2097151\\n\"\n\" PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin\\n\"\n\" export PATH\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:54\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Increase the hard file descriptor limit for all processes\\n\"\n\" # to 8192. The soft limit is still 1024, but any unprivileged\\n\"\n\" # process can increase its soft limit up to the hard limit\\n\"\n\" # with \\\"ulimit -Sn xxx\\\" (needs a 2.2.13 or later Linux kernel).\\n\"\n\" ulimit -Hn 8192\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:57\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\" # Execute the program.\\n\"\n\" eval exec \\\"$4\\\"\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This script is not meant as startup script for daemons or services. It has \"\n\"nothing to do with a I style script. It's just a handler for \"\n\"things executed from B. Experimenting with this can make your \"\n\"system un(re)bootable.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:68\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab, /etc/initscript.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../initscript.5:74\nmsgid \"B(5), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"INITTAB\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../inittab.5:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Dec 4, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"inittab - format of the inittab file used by the sysv-compatible init \"\n\"process\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B file describes which processes are started at bootup and \"\n\"during normal operation (e.g.\\\\& /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, \"\n\"gettys...). B(8) distinguishes multiple I, each of which \"\n\"can have its own set of processes that are started. Valid runlevels are \"\n\"B<0>-B<6> plus B, B, and B for B entries. An entry in \"\n\"the B file has the following format:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:39\nmsgid \"I:I:I:I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ id\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:43\nmsgid \"Lines beginning with `#' are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"is a unique sequence of 1-4 characters which identifies an entry in \"\n\"B (for versions of sysvinit compiled with the I libc5 (E \"\n\"5.2.18) or a.out libraries the limit is 2 characters).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ runlevels\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:55\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Note: traditionally, for getty and other login processes, the value of the \"\n\"I field is kept the same as the suffix of the corresponding tty, e.g.\\\\& \"\n\"B<1> for B. Some ancient login accounting programs might expect this, \"\n\"though I can't think of any.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:55\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ action\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:59\nmsgid \"lists the runlevels for which the specified action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:59\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ process\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:63\nmsgid \"describes which action should be taken.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"specifies the process to be executed. If the process field starts with a \"\n\"`+' character, B will not do utmp and wtmp accounting for that \"\n\"process. This is needed for gettys that insist on doing their own utmp/wtmp \"\n\"housekeeping. This is also a historic bug. The length of this field is \"\n\"limited to 127 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. '<>?\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:77\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Please note that including certain characters in the process field will \"\n\"result in B attempting to launch a shell to interpret the command \"\n\"contained in the process field. The characters which will trigger a shell \"\n\"are: B<~`!$^&*()=|\\\\{}[];>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:84\nmsgid \"\"\n\"On systems which do not have a shell to be launched or which do not wish to \"\n\"use a shell to interpret the process field, the process field can be \"\n\"prefixed with the @ symbol. The @ will be ignored and everything followed \"\n\"will be treated as a command to be launched, literally, by the B \"\n\"service.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:89\nmsgid \"\"\n\"In cases where both a + and @ sign are to be used (to turn off logging and \"\n\"shell interpretation), place the + sign before the @ symbol. Both flags will \"\n\"be handled and then everything following the @ will be handled by B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The I field may contain multiple characters for different \"\n\"runlevels. For example, B<123> specifies that the process should be started \"\n\"in runlevels 1, 2, and 3. The I for B entries may \"\n\"contain an B, B, or B. The I field of B, \"\n\"B, and B entries are ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:102\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When the system runlevel is changed, any running processes that are not \"\n\"specified for the new runlevel are killed, first with \\\\s-2SIGTERM\\\\s0, then \"\n\"with \\\\s-2SIGKILL\\\\s0.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ respawn\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:105\nmsgid \"Valid actions for the I field are:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:105\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ wait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:109\nmsgid \"The process will be restarted whenever it terminates (e.g.\\\\& getty).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:109\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ once\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:115\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be started once when the specified runlevel is entered and \"\n\"B will wait for its termination.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:115\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ boot\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:120\nmsgid \"The process will be executed once when the specified runlevel is entered.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:120\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ bootwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:125\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. The I field is \"\n\"ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:125\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ off\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:132\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot, while B waits for its \"\n\"termination (e.g.\\\\& /etc/rc). The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:132\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ondemand\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:136\nmsgid \"This does nothing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:136\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ initdefault\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:143\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A process marked with an B runlevel will be executed whenever the \"\n\"specified B runlevel is called. However, no runlevel change will \"\n\"occur (B runlevels are `a', `b', and `c').\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:143\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ sysinit\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:150\nmsgid \"\"\n\"An B entry specifies the runlevel which should be entered after \"\n\"system boot. If none exists, B will ask for a runlevel on the \"\n\"console. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:150\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:156\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed during system boot. It will be executed before \"\n\"any B or B< bootwait> entries. The I field is ignored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:156\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfail\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:162\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when the power goes down. B is usually \"\n\"informed about this by a process talking to a UPS connected to the \"\n\"computer. B will wait for the process to finish before continuing.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:162\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerokwait\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:167\nmsgid \"\"\n\"As for B, except that B does not wait for the process's \"\n\"completion.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:167\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ powerfailnow\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:172\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed as soon as B is informed that the power \"\n\"has been restored.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:172\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ ctrlaltdel\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:178\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This process will be executed when B is told that the battery of the \"\n\"external UPS is almost empty and the power is failing (provided that the \"\n\"external UPS and the monitoring process are able to detect this condition).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:178\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ kbrequest\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:186\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives the B signal. \"\n\"This means that someone on the system console has pressed the \"\n\"B key combination. Typically one wants to execute some sort of \"\n\"B either to get into single-user level or to reboot the machine.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../inittab.5:186\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:190\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The process will be executed when B receives a signal from the \"\n\"keyboard handler that a special key combination was pressed on the console \"\n\"keyboard.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:196\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The documentation for this function is not complete yet; more documentation \"\n\"can be found in the kbd-x.xx packages (most recent was kbd-0.94 at the time \"\n\"of this writing). Basically you want to map some keyboard combination to the \"\n\"\\\"KeyboardSignal\\\" action. For example, to map Alt-Uparrow for this purpose \"\n\"use the following in your keymaps file:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:199\nmsgid \"alt keycode 103 = KeyboardSignal\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:206\nmsgid \"This is an example of a inittab which resembles the old Linux inittab:\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:217\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# inittab for linux\\n\"\n\"id:1:initdefault:\\n\"\n\"rc::bootwait:/etc/rc\\n\"\n\"1:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty1\\n\"\n\"2:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty2\\n\"\n\"3:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty3\\n\"\n\"4:1:respawn:/etc/getty 9600 tty4\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:222\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This inittab file executes I during boot and starts gettys on \"\n\"tty1-tty4.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:225\nmsgid \"\"\n\"A more elaborate B with different runlevels (see the comments \"\n\"inside):\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:231\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Level to run in\\n\"\n\"id:2:initdefault:\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:234\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.\\n\"\n\"si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:237\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do in single-user mode.\\n\"\n\"~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:245\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change\\n\"\n\"# of runlevel.\\n\"\n\"#\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 0 is halt.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 1 is single-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 6 is reboot.\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:253\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0\\n\"\n\"l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1\\n\"\n\"l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2\\n\"\n\"l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3\\n\"\n\"l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4\\n\"\n\"l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5\\n\"\n\"l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:256\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# What to do at the \\\"3 finger salute\\\".\\n\"\n\"ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -h now\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:265\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"\"\n\"# Runlevel 2,3: getty on virtual consoles\\n\"\n\"# Runlevel 3: getty on terminal (ttyS0) and modem (ttyS1)\\n\"\n\"1:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty1 VC linux\\n\"\n\"2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty2 VC linux\\n\"\n\"3:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty3 VC linux\\n\"\n\"4:23:respawn:/sbin/getty tty4 VC linux\\n\"\n\"S0:3:respawn:/sbin/getty -L 9600 ttyS0 vt320\\n\"\n\"S1:3:respawn:/sbin/mgetty -x0 -D ttyS1\\n\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:275\nmsgid \"/etc/inittab\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:290\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B was written by E<.MT miquels@\\\\:cistron\\\\:.nl> Miquel van \"\n\"Smoorenburg E<.ME .> This manual page was written by E<.MT \"\n\"lederer@\\\\:francium\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.uni-bonn\\\\:.de> Sebastian Lederer \"\n\"E<.ME> and modified by E<.MT \"\n\"u31b3hs@\\\\:pool\\\\:.informatik\\\\:.rwth-aachen\\\\:.de> Michael Haardt E<.ME .>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../inittab.5:292\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"KILLALL5\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../killall5.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"04 Nov 2003\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:21\nmsgid \"killall5 - send a signal to all processes\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:28\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B B<-signalnumber> [B<-o> I[,I...]] [B<-o> \"\n\"I[,I...]...]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the SystemV B command. It sends a signal to all \"\n\"processes except kernel threads and the processes in its own session, so it \"\n\"won't kill the shell that is running the script it was called from. Its \"\n\"primary (only) use is in the B scripts found in the I \"\n\"directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../killall5.8:35\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:37\nmsgid \"Tells B to omit processes with that process id.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:40\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can also be invoked as B(8), which is simply a (symbolic) \"\n\"link to the B program.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The program return zero if it killed processes. It returns 2 if no process \"\n\"were killed, and 1 if it was unable to find any processes (I is \"\n\"missing).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../killall5.8:48\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LAST,\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"1\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../last.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Jul 31, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:27\nmsgid \"last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:37\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [B<-adFiowx>] [-B \"\n\"I] [-B I] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-R>] [B<->I] [-B I] [-B I] \"\n\"[B<-adFiowx>] [I] [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:56\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B searches back through the file B (or the file \"\n\"designated by the B<-f> flag) and displays a list of all users logged in \"\n\"(and out) since that file was created. Names of users and tty's can be \"\n\"given, in which case B will show only those entries matching the \"\n\"arguments. Names of ttys can be abbreviated, thus B is the same as \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:61\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B catches a B signal (generated by the interrupt key, \"\n\"usually control-C) or a B signal (generated by the quit key, \"\n\"usually control-\\\\e), B will show how far it has searched through the \"\n\"file; in the case of the B signal B will then terminate.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:65\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The pseudo user B logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus \"\n\"B will show a log of all reboots since the log file was \"\n\"created.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:70\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is the same as B, except that by default it shows a log of \"\n\"the file B, which contains all the bad login attempts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:71 ../readbootlog.1:43\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-f> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:73\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<->I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:75\nmsgid \"This is a count telling B how many lines to show.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:75\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-n> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:77\nmsgid \"The same.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:77\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-t> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:82\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the state of logins as of the specified time. This is useful, e.g., \"\n\"to determine easily who was logged in at a particular time -- specify that \"\n\"time with B<-t> and look for \\\"still logged in\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:82\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-R>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:84\nmsgid \"Suppresses the display of the hostname field.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ -a\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:84 ../logsave.8:40 ../shutdown.8:56\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-a>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:87\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the next \"\n\"flag.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:91\nmsgid \"\"\n\"For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host \"\n\"but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a \"\n\"hostname.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:91 ../shutdown.8:91\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-F>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:93\nmsgid \"Print full login and logout times and dates.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:96\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option is like B<-d> in that it displays the IP number of the remote \"\n\"host, but it displays the IP number in numbers-and-dots notation.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:96\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-l>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:100\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option allows the display of usernames longer than 8 characters. This \"\n\"may mess up formatting in some programs and make the output wider than the \"\n\"standard 80 characters.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:100 ../utmpdump.1:33\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-o>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:102\nmsgid \"Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5 applications).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:104\nmsgid \"Display full user and domain names in the output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../last.1:104 ../mountpoint.1:40 ../pidof.8:63\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-x>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:107\nmsgid \"Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:114\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The files I and I might not be found. The system only logs \"\n\"information in these files if they are present. This is a local \"\n\"configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created \"\n\"with a simple B(1) command (for example, B).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:116\nmsgid \"/var/log/wtmp\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:120\nmsgid \"/var/log/btmp\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../last.1:129\nmsgid \"B(8), B(1), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../logsave.8:5\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"LOGSAVE\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:8\nmsgid \"logsave - save the output of a command in a logfile\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:14\nmsgid \"B [ B<-asv> ] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The B program will execute I with the specified \"\n\"argument(s), and save a copy of its output to I. If the containing \"\n\"directory for I does not exist, B will accumulate the \"\n\"output in memory until it can be written out. A copy of the output will \"\n\"also be written to standard output.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If I is a single hyphen ('-'), then instead of executing a \"\n\"program, B will take its input from standard input and save it in \"\n\"I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:39\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is useful for saving the output of initial boot scripts until the \"\n\"I partition is mounted, so the output can be written to I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:45\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause the output to be appended to I, instead of \"\n\"replacing its current contents.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will cause B to skip writing to the log file text which \"\n\"is bracketed with a control-A (ASCII 001 or Start of Header) and control-B \"\n\"(ASCII 002 or Start of Text). This allows progress bar information to be \"\n\"visible to the user on the console, while not being written to the log file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:58\nmsgid \"\"\n\"This option will make B to be more verbose in its output to the \"\n\"user.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:62\nmsgid \"E<.MT tytso@mit\\\\:.edu> Theodore Ts'o E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../logsave.8:63\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MESG\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Feb 26, 2001\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mesg.1:20 ../mountpoint.1:18 ../readbootlog.1:20 ../utmpdump.1:18\n#: ../wall.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"User Commands\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:27\nmsgid \"mesg - control write access to your terminal\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:32\nmsgid \"B [B|B]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:38\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B controls the access to your terminal by others. It's typically used \"\n\"to allow or disallow other users to write to your terminal (see \"\n\"B(1)).\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:39\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:41\nmsgid \"Allow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mesg.1:41\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:43\nmsgid \"Disallow write access to your terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Notes\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no option is given, B prints out the current access state of your \"\n\"terminal.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:53\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B assumes that its standard input is connected to your terminal. That \"\n\"also means that if you are logged in multiple times, you can get/set the \"\n\"mesg status of other sessions by using redirection. For example \\\"mesg n \"\n\"E /dev/pts/46\\\".\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mesg.1:62\nmsgid \"B(1), B(1), B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"MOUNTPOINT\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../mountpoint.1:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"Mar 15, 2004\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:21\nmsgid \"mountpoint - see if a directory is a mountpoint\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:26\nmsgid \"B [B<-q>] [B<-d>] I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:30\nmsgid \"B B<-x> I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:32\nmsgid \"B checks if the directory is a mountpoint.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../mountpoint.1:34 ../pidof.8:60 ../shutdown.8:107\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-q>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:36\nmsgid \"Be quiet - don't print anything.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:38\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the filesystem on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:40\nmsgid \"Check Linux's I file to try to detect circular mount points.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:42\nmsgid \"Print major/minor device number of the blockdevice on stdout.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:44\nmsgid \"Zero if the directory is a mountpoint, non-zero if not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:48\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Symbolic links are not followed, except when the B<-x> option is used. To \"\n\"force following symlinks, add a trailing slash to the path of the directory.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:52\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The name of the command is misleading when the B<-x> option is used, but the \"\n\"option is useful for comparing if a directory and a device match up, and \"\n\"there is no other command that can print the info easily.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:57\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The mountpoint command fails when a directory is binded to one of its \"\n\"grandparents. For example, if /a/b/c/d is a mount point for /a/b then \"\n\"mountpoint will report /a/b/c/d is not a valid mount point. This is because \"\n\"both the original directory and its new mount point share the same inode and \"\n\"device number.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"The circular mount problem can be worked around on Linux systems by using \"\n\"theB<-p> flag to check the I file for references to the \"\n\"circular mount bind. When using the B<-p> flag, make sure to specify the \"\n\"full path (ie I and not just I). Also, B may \"\n\"still fail if there are spaces in the mount point's path, even when using \"\n\"the B<-p> flag because of the way B mangles the spaces in the \"\n\"path name. Of course, if the admin is using circular mount points with \"\n\"spaces in the name, there are bigger concerns.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../mountpoint.1:71\nmsgid \"B(1)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"PIDOF\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../pidof.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"01 Sep 1998\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:21\nmsgid \"pidof - find the process ID of a running program\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-s>] [B<-c>] [B<-n>] [B<-x>] [B<-z>] [B<-o> \"\n\"I] [B<-o> I] [B<-d> I] \"\n\"I [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:44\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B finds the process id's (PIDs) of the named programs. It prints \"\n\"those id's on the standard output. This program is on some systems used in \"\n\"run-level change scripts, especially when the system has a I like \"\n\"I structure. In that case these scripts are located in I, \"\n\"where ? is the runlevel. If the system has a B(8) program \"\n\"that should be used instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:47\nmsgid \"Single shot - this instructs the program to only return one I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:51\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Only return process PIDs that are running with the same root directory. \"\n\"This option is ignored for non-root users, as they will be unable to check \"\n\"the current root directory of processes they do not own.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:60\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Avoid B(2) system function call on all binaries which are located on \"\n\"network based file systems like B. Instead of using this option the \"\n\"variable B may be set and exported.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:63\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Do not display matched PIDs to standard out. Simply exit with a status of \"\n\"true or false to indicate whether a matching PID was found.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:66\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Scripts too - this causes the program to also return process id's of shells \"\n\"running the named scripts.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:66\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<-z>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:73\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Try to detect processes which are stuck in zombie (Z) status. Usually these \"\n\"processes are skipped as trying to deal with them can cause pidof or related \"\n\"tools to hang. Note: In the past pidof would ignore processes in the \"\n\"uninterruptable state (D), unless the B<-z> flag was specified. This is no \"\n\"longer the case. The B program will find and report processes in the \"\n\"D state whether B<-z> is specified or not.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:73\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-d I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:76\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to use I as an output separator if more than one PID is \"\n\"shown. The default separator is a space.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: IP\n#: ../pidof.8:76\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"-o I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:80\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Tells I to omit processes with that process id. The special pid \"\n\"B<%PPID> can be used to name the parent process of the B program, in \"\n\"other words the calling shell or shell script.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:81\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<0>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:84\nmsgid \"At least one program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TP\n#: ../pidof.8:84\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"B<1>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:87\nmsgid \"No program was found with the requested name.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:90\nmsgid \"\"\n\"I is actually the same program as B(8); the program behaves \"\n\"according to the name under which it is called.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:98\nmsgid \"\"\n\"When B is invoked with a full pathname to the program it should find \"\n\"the pid of, it is reasonably safe. Otherwise it is possible that it returns \"\n\"PIDs of running programs that happen to have the same name as the program \"\n\"you're after but are actually other programs. Note that the executable name \"\n\"of running processes is calculated with B(2), so symbolic links to \"\n\"executables will also match.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:103\nmsgid \"\"\n\"Zombie processes or processes in disk sleep (states Z and D, respectively) \"\n\"are ignored, as attempts to access the stats of these will sometimes fail. \"\n\"The B<-z> flag (see above) tells B to try to detect these sleeping \"\n\"and zombie processes, at the risk of failing or hanging.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../pidof.8:110\nmsgid \"B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8), B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"READBOOTLOG\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../readbootlog.1:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"NOV 12, 2018\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:27\nmsgid \"\"\n\"readbootlog - show contents of the boot log, stripping away control \"\n\"characters\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:31\nmsgid \"B [B<-h>] [-B I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Options\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B is a tool for reading the boot log (by default \"\n\"I). The program strips away control characters and non-human \"\n\"readable contents from the log file. Output is dumped to the terminal where \"\n\"it can be piped or redirected to a file.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:45\nmsgid \"Tells B to use a specific file instead of I.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ Files\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:48\nmsgid \"Displays a brief help message.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Author\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:52\nmsgid \"/var/log/boot\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ See also\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:58\nmsgid \"E<.MT jsmith@\\\\:resonatingmedia\\\\:.com> Jesse Smith E<.ME>\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../readbootlog.1:59\nmsgid \"B(8)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"RUNLEVEL\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../runlevel.8:18\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"May 27, 1997\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:21\nmsgid \"runlevel - find the previous and current system runlevel\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:24\nmsgid \"B [I]\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:34\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B reads the system I file (typically I) to \"\n\"locate the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system \"\n\"runlevel on its standard output, separated by a single space. If there is no \"\n\"previous system runlevel, the letter B will be printed instead.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:42\nmsgid \"\"\n\"If no I file exists, and if no runlevel record can be found in the \"\n\"I file, B prints the word B and exits \"\n\"with an error.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:49\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B can be used in I scripts as a substitute for the System-V \"\n\"B command. However, in newer versions of B(8) this \"\n\"information is also available in the environment variables B and \"\n\"B.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. {{{ utmp\n#. type: IP\n#: ../runlevel.8:51\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"I\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:54\nmsgid \"The name of the I file to read.\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../runlevel.8:57\nmsgid \"B(8), B(5)\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"SHUTDOWN\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. type: TH\n#: ../shutdown.8:20\n#, no-wrap\nmsgid \"November 12, 2003\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Synopsis\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:27\nmsgid \"shutdown - bring the system down\"\nmsgstr \"\"\n\n#. }}}\n#. {{{ Description\n#. type: Plain text\n#: ../shutdown.8:36\nmsgid \"\"\n\"B [B<-akrhPHfFncqQ>] [B<-t> I] I