Repository: techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples
Branch: master
Commit: 332cc9dfe274
Files: 21
Total size: 78.3 KB

Directory structure:
gitextract_gc06ac9l/

├── .github/
│   └── CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
├── .vscode/
│   ├── extensions.json
│   ├── settings.json
│   └── tasks.json
├── LICENSE
├── LearnPowerShell/
│   ├── EP1 - PowerShell Basics.ps1
│   ├── EP10 - PowerShell Script.ps1
│   ├── EP11 - PowerShell Functions.ps1
│   ├── EP12 - Manage Cloud with PowerShell.ps1
│   ├── EP13 - PowerShell Modules/
│   │   ├── EP13 - PowerShell Modules.ps1
│   │   └── LearnPowerShell/
│   │       ├── LearnPowerShell.psd1
│   │       └── LearnPowerShell.psm1
│   ├── EP2 - PowerShell Pipeline.ps1
│   ├── EP3 - State of the Shell.ps1
│   ├── EP4 - PowerhShell Development.ps1
│   ├── EP5 - PowerShell Variables.ps1
│   ├── EP6 - PowerShell Logic.ps1
│   ├── EP7 - PowerShell Input Output.ps1
│   ├── EP8 - PowerShell Error Handling.ps1
│   └── EP9 - PowerShell Remoting.ps1
└── README.md

================================================
FILE CONTENTS
================================================

================================================
FILE: .github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
================================================
# Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct

## Our Pledge

In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as
contributors and maintainers pledge to making participation in our project and
our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
size, disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender identity and expression,
level of experience, education, socio-economic status, nationality, personal
appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation.

## Our Standards

Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment
include:

* Using welcoming and inclusive language
* Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences
* Gracefully accepting constructive criticism
* Focusing on what is best for the community
* Showing empathy towards other community members

Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:

* The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or
 advances
* Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
* Public or private harassment
* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic
 address, without explicit permission
* Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a
 professional setting

## Our Responsibilities

Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable
behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in
response to any instances of unacceptable behavior.

Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or
reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions
that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct, or to ban temporarily or
permanently any contributor for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate,
threatening, offensive, or harmful.

## Scope

This Code of Conduct applies both within project spaces and in public spaces
when an individual is representing the project or its community. Examples of
representing a project or community include using an official project e-mail
address, posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed
representative at an online or offline event. Representation of a project may be
further defined and clarified by project maintainers.

## Enforcement

Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be
reported by contacting the project team at tech@techthoughts.info. All
complaints will be reviewed and investigated and will result in a response that
is deemed necessary and appropriate to the circumstances. The project team is
obligated to maintain confidentiality with regard to the reporter of an incident.
Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted separately.

Project maintainers who do not follow or enforce the Code of Conduct in good
faith may face temporary or permanent repercussions as determined by other
members of the project's leadership.

## Attribution

This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage], version 1.4,
available at [https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/code-of-conduct.html](https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/code-of-conduct.html)

[homepage]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org

For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see [https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq](https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq)

================================================
FILE: .vscode/extensions.json
================================================
{
    // See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=827846
    // for the documentation about the extensions.json format
    "recommendations": [
        "ms-vscode.PowerShell",
        "streetsidesoftware.code-spell-checker"
    ]
}


================================================
FILE: .vscode/settings.json
================================================
{
    "powershell.codeFormatting.preset": "Stroustrup",
    "cSpell.words": [
        "COMPUTERNAME",
        "creds",
        "imgur",
        "ipify",
        "jakemorrison",
        "learnpowershell",
        "newcsv",
        "notcontains",
        "pkgs",
        "Pubkey",
        "quickconfig",
        "RAXDC",
        "Remoting",
        "sshs",
        "Stroustrup",
        "techthoughts",
        "techthoughtscontainer",
        "techthoughtsstorage",
        "USCS",
        "westus"
    ]
}


================================================
FILE: .vscode/tasks.json
================================================
// Available variables which can be used inside of strings.
// ${workspaceRoot}: the root folder of the team
// ${file}: the current opened file
// ${relativeFile}: the current opened file relative to workspaceRoot
// ${fileBasename}: the current opened file's basename
// ${fileDirname}: the current opened file's dirname
// ${fileExtname}: the current opened file's extension
// ${cwd}: the current working directory of the spawned process
{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    // Start PowerShell
    "windows": {
        "options": {
            "shell": {
                //"executable": "C:\\Windows\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe",
                // "executable": "C:\\Program Files\\PowerShell\\6\\pwsh.exe",
                "executable": "${env:ProgramFiles}/PowerShell/7/pwsh.exe",
                "args": [
                    "-NoProfile",
                    "-ExecutionPolicy",
                    "Bypass",
                    "-Command"
                ]
            }
        }
    },
    "linux": {
        "options": {
            "shell": {
                "executable": "/usr/bin/pwsh",
                "args": [
                    "-NoProfile",
                    "-Command"
                ]
            }
        }
    },
    "osx": {
        "options": {
            "shell": {
                "executable": "/usr/local/bin/pwsh",
                "args": [
                    "-NoProfile",
                    "-Command"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

================================================
FILE: LICENSE
================================================
MIT License

Copyright (c) 2022 Jake Morrison

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP1 - PowerShell Basics.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/learn-and-use-powershell-with-just-three-commands/
#____________________________________________________________
# your first cmdlet - getting timezone information

Get-TimeZone
#____________________________________________________________
# Get-Command

Get-Command *
# An asterisk (*) in many languages acts as a wildcard. This syntax is saying: get me ALL of the commands

Get-Command *process*
# the wild cards around process will find ANY command that contains the word process

# Get-Command can't always find everything, you may have to Google
Get-Command *file*
#____________________________________________________________
# Get-Help

# Windows Users:
Get-Help Stop-Process
#Linux/MacOs Users
Get-Help Stop-Process -Online

Get-Help Stop-Process -Examples
#____________________________________________________________
# Get-Member

Get-Date | Get-Member

Get-Random | Get-Member
#____________________________________________________________
# Expand the available viewable properties of a cmdlet with Format-List

Get-Date | Format-List
#____________________________________________________________
# Find-Module

Find-Module -Tag Telegram
#____________________________________________________________


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP10 - PowerShell Script.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-scripts/
#____________________________________________________________

#region links

#About Execution Policies
#https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_execution_policies?view=powershell-6

#About Scripts
#https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_scripts?view=powershell-6

#endregion

#region running scripts

#get the execution policy of all scopes in the order of precedence
Get-ExecutionPolicy -List

#change execution policy
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser

#unblock a script downloaded from the internet after you have read and understood the code
Unblock-File -Path .\drive_warn.ps1

#run a local script
.\drive_warn.ps1

#run a local script in the current scope
. .\drive_warn.ps1

#endregion

#region script example

param (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
    [string]
    $Drive
)

if ($PSVersionTable.Platform -eq 'Unix') {
    $logPath = '/tmp'
}
else {
    $logPath = 'C:\Logs' #log path location
}

#need linux path

$logFile = "$logPath\driveCheck.log" #log file

#verify if log directory path is present. if not, create it.
try {
    if (-not (Test-Path -Path $logPath -ErrorAction Stop )) {
        # Output directory not found. Creating...
        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $logPath -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
        New-Item -ItemType File -Path $logFile -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
    }
}
catch {
    throw
}

Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "[INFO] Running $PSCommandPath"

#verify that the required Telegram module is installed.
if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name PoshGram)) {
    Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[INFO] PoshGram not installed.'
    throw
}
else {
    Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[INFO] PoshGram module verified.'
}

#get hard drive volume information and free space
try {
    if ($PSVersionTable.Platform -eq 'Unix') {
        $volume = Get-PSDrive -Name $Drive -ErrorAction Stop
        #verify volume actually exists
        if ($volume) {
            $total = $volume.Free + $volume.Used
            $percentFree = [int](($volume.Free / $total) * 100)
            Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "[INFO] Percent Free: $percentFree%"
        }
        else {
            Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "[ERROR] $Drive was not found."
            throw
        }
    }
    else {
        $volume = Get-Volume -ErrorAction Stop | Where-Object { $_.DriveLetter -eq $Drive }
        #verify volume actually exists
        if ($volume) {
            $total = $volume.Size
            $percentFree = [int](($volume.SizeRemaining / $total) * 100)
            Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "[INFO] Percent Free: $percentFree%"
        }
        else {
            Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "[ERROR] $Drive was not found."
            throw
        }
    }
}
catch {
    Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[ERROR] Unable to retrieve volume information:'
    Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value $_
    throw
}

#evaluate if a message needs to be sent if the drive is below 20GB free space
if ($percentFree -le 20) {

    try {
        Import-Module PoshGram -ErrorAction Stop
        Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[INFO] PoshGram imported successfully.'
    }
    catch {
        Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[ERROR] PoshGram could not be imported:'
        Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value $_
        throw
    }

    Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[INFO] Sending Telegram notification'

    $messageSplat = @{
        BotToken    = "#########:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
        ChatID      = "-#########"
        Message     = "[LOW SPACE] Drive at: $percentFree%"
        ErrorAction = 'Stop'
    }

    try {
        Send-TelegramTextMessage @messageSplat
        Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[INFO] Message sent successfully'
    }
    catch {
        Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value '[ERROR] Error encountered sending message:'
        Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value $_
        throw
    }

}

#endregion


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP11 - PowerShell Functions.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-functions/
#____________________________________________________________

#region links

#Functions
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_functions?view=powershell-7

#Parameters
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_parameters?view=powershell-7

#Functions Advanced
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_functions_advanced?view=powershell-7

#Functions Advanced Parameters
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_functions_advanced_parameters?view=powershell-7

#PowerShell Approved Verbs
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/developer/cmdlet/approved-verbs-for-windows-powershell-commands?view=powershell-7

#CmdletBindingAttribute
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_functions_cmdletbindingattribute?view=powershell-7

#endregion

# ----------------------------------------------
# Anatomy of a PowerShell Function
# ----------------------------------------------
# function help - (optional but strongly encouraged)
# function name
# CmdletBinding - (optional)
# parameters - (optional)
# function logic (optional Begin / Process / End)
# return - (optional)

function Verb-Noun {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (

    )

    begin {

    }

    process {

    }

    end {

    }
}

# ----------------------------------------------
# function Help
# ----------------------------------------------
<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Short description
.DESCRIPTION
    Long description
.EXAMPLE
    C:\PS>
    Example of how to use this cmdlet
.EXAMPLE
    C:\PS>
    Another example of how to use this cmdlet
.PARAMETER InputObject
    Specifies the object to be processed.  You can also pipe the objects to this command.
.OUTPUTS
    Output from this cmdlet (if any)
.NOTES
    General notes
.COMPONENT
    The component this cmdlet belongs to
#>

# ----------------------------------------------
# function CmdletBinding
# ----------------------------------------------
[CmdletBinding()]

# ----------------------------------------------
# function parameters
# ----------------------------------------------

<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Returns weather report information.
.DESCRIPTION
    Console-oriented weather forecast that returns weather information for specified parameters.
.EXAMPLE
    Get-Weather

    Returns full weather information based on the location of your IP with all defaults.
.EXAMPLE
    Get-Weather -Short

    Returns basic weather information based on the location of your IP.
.EXAMPLE
    Get-Weather -City 'London' -Units Metric -Language 'en'

    Returns full weather information for the city of London in Metric units with UK language.
.EXAMPLE
    Get-Weather -City 'San Antonio' -Units USCS -Short

    Returns basic weather information for the city of San Antonio in United State customary units.
.PARAMETER City
    The city you would like to get the weather from. If not specified the city of your IP is used.
.PARAMETER Units
    Units to display Metric vs United States customary units
.PARAMETER Language
    Language to display results in
.PARAMETER Short
    Will return only basic weather information
.NOTES
    https://github.com/chubin/wttr.in
    https://wttr.in/:help
#>
function Get-Weather {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(
            Position = 0,
            Mandatory = $false
        )]
        [string]
        $City,

        [Parameter(Position = 1)]
        [ValidateSet('Metric', 'USCS')]
        [string]
        $Units = 'USCS',

        [Parameter(Position = 2)]
        [ValidateSet('ar', 'af', 'be', 'ca', 'da', 'de', 'el', 'en', 'et', 'fr', 'fa', 'hu', 'ia', 'id', 'it', 'nb', 'nl', 'pl', 'pt-br', 'ro', 'ru', 'tr', 'th', 'uk', 'vi', 'zh-cn', 'zh-tw')]
        [string]
        $Language = 'en',

        [Parameter(Position = 3)]
        [switch]
        $Short
    )

    $uriString = 'https://wttr.in/'

    if ($City) {
        $uriString += "$City"
    }

    switch ($Units) {
        'Metric' {
            $uriString += "?m"
        }
        'USCS' {
            $uriString += "?u"
        }
    }

    if ($Short) {
        $uriString += "&format=4"
    }

    $uriString += "&lang=$Language"

    Write-Verbose "URI: $uriString"

    $invokeSplat = @{
        Uri         = $uriString
        ErrorAction = 'Stop'
    }

    try {
        Invoke-RestMethod @invokeSplat
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error $_
    }
}#Get-Weather

# ----------------------------------------------
# Begin Process End
# ----------------------------------------------

function Get-PipelineBeginEnd {
    param (
        [string]$SomeInput
    )
    begin {
        "Begin: The input is $SomeInput"
    }
    process {
        "The value is: $_"
    }
    end {
        "End:   The input is $SomeInput"
    }
}#Get-PipelineBeginEnd
1, 2, 3 | Get-PipelineBeginEnd -SomeInput 'Test'

# ----------------------------------------------
# Function Return
# ----------------------------------------------
function Get-Total {
    param (
        [int]$Number1,
        [int]$Number2
    )
    $total = $Number1 + $Number2

    return $total
}
Get-Total -Number1 2 -Number2 2

# ----------------------------------------------
# First Function
# ----------------------------------------------

<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Returns your public IP address.
.DESCRIPTION
    Queries the ipify Public IP Address API and returns your public IP.
.EXAMPLE
    Get-PublicIP

    Returns the public IP.
.OUTPUTS
    System.String
.NOTES
    https://github.com/rdegges/ipify-api
#>
function Get-PublicIP {
    $uri = 'https://api.ipify.org'
    try {
        $invokeRestMethodSplat = @{
            Uri         = $uri
            ErrorAction = 'Stop'
        }
        $publicIP = Invoke-RestMethod @invokeRestMethodSplat
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error $_
    }

    return $publicIP
}#Get-PublicIP

# ----------------------------------------------
# Function Scope
# ----------------------------------------------

function Get-NumberTimesTwo {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [int]$Number
    )
    $total = $Number * 2
    Write-Debug $total
    return $total
}#Get-NumberTimesTwo
Get-NumberTimesTwo -Number 2 -Debug


<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Launches the default browser to display reddit pictures.
.DESCRIPTION
    Long description
.EXAMPLE
    Show-Pics -URL https://i.imgur.com/fcuRqwl.jpg

    Launches default browser to provided link.
.EXAMPLE
    $severalURLs | Show-Pics

    Launches default browser tab for each provided link.
.PARAMETER URL
    i.redd.it or v.redd.it or imgur URL
.NOTES
    Jake Morrison - @jakemorrison - https://www.techthoughts.info
#>
function Show-Pics {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true,
            ValueFromPipeline = $true,
            HelpMessage = 'i.redd.it or v.redd.it or imgur URL')]
        [ValidatePattern('i.redd.it|v.redd.it|imgur')]
        [string]$URL
    )

    begin {
        Write-Verbose "Starting Show-Pics function."
    }
    process {
        try {
            Start-Process $URL -ErrorAction Stop
            Write-Verbose "Browser launch successful."
        }
        catch {
            Write-Error $_
        }
    }
    end {
        Write-Verbose "All done."
    }
}#Show-Pics

<#
.SYNOPSIS
    PowerShell based interactive reddit browser
.DESCRIPTION
    Uses PowerShell to establish a connection to reddit and pulls down a JSON payload for the specified subreddit.  The number of threads (default 3) specified by the user is then evaluated and output to the console window.  If the thread is picture-based the user has the option to display those images in their native browser.
.PARAMETER Subreddit
    The name of the desired subreddit - Ex PowerShell or aww
.PARAMETER Threads
    The number of threads that will be pulled down - the default is 3
.PARAMETER ShowPics
    Determines if pics will be shown (if available)
.EXAMPLE
    Get-Reddit -Subreddit PowerShell
    Retrieves the top 3 threads of the PowerShell subreddit
.EXAMPLE
    Get-Reddit -Subreddit aww -Threads 4 -ShowPics
    Retrieves the top 4 threads of the aww subreddit and if pictures are available, displays them in the native browser
.NOTES
    Jake Morrison - @jakemorrison - https://www.techthoughts.info
#>
function Get-Reddit {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true,
            ValueFromPipeline = $false,
            Position = 1,
            HelpMessage = 'The name of the desired subreddit')]
        [string]$Subreddit,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false,
            ValueFromPipeline = $false,
            Position = 2,
            HelpMessage = 'The number of threads that will be pulled down')]
        [ValidateRange(1, 25)]
        [int]$Threads = 3,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false,
            ValueFromPipeline = $false,
            Position = 3,
            HelpMessage = 'Determines if pics will be shown (if available)')]
        [switch]$ShowPics
    )

    Write-Verbose "Specified subreddit: $Subreddit"
    Write-Verbose "Specified # of threads: $Threads"

    $results = [System.Collections.ArrayList]@()

    Write-Verbose "Initiating Download"
    $uri = "http://www.reddit.com/r/$Subreddit/.json"
    Write-Verbose "URI: $uri"

    try {
        $invokeWebRequestSplat = @{
            Uri         = $uri
            ErrorAction = 'Stop'
        }
        $rawReddit = Invoke-WebRequest @invokeWebRequestSplat
        Write-Verbose "Download successful."
    }
    catch {
        Write-Error $_
        return $results
    }

    if ($rawReddit) {

        Write-Verbose "Converting JSON..."
        $redditInfo = $rawReddit | ConvertFrom-Json

        Write-Verbose "Generating output..."
        for ($i = 0; $i -lt $Threads; $i++) {
            $childObject = $null #reset
            $childObject = $redditInfo.data.children.data[$i]

            $obj = [PSCustomObject]@{
                Title    = $childObject.title
                URL      = $childObject.url
                # PermaLink = $childObject.permalink
                Score    = $childObject.score
                # Ups       = $childObject.ups
                # Downs     = $childObject.downs
                Author   = $childObject.author
                Comments = $childObject.num_comments
            }
            $results.Add($obj) | Out-Null
            if ($obj.URL -like "*i.redd.it*" -or $obj.URL -like "*imgur*" -or $obj.URL -like "*v.redd.it*" -and $ShowPics) {
                Show-Pics -url $obj.URL
            }
        }
    }#if_rawReddit
    else {
        Write-Warning -Message 'No information was returned from reddit.'
    }#else_rawReddit

    return $results

}#Get-Reddit


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP12 - Manage Cloud with PowerShell.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/manage-cloud-with-powershell/
#____________________________________________________________

#region AWS

# ----------------------------------------------
# AWS
# ----------------------------------------------

# Install AWS.Tools - A Modularized Version of AWS Tools for PowerShell
Install-Module -Name AWS.Tools.Installer

# Get a list of AWS services supported by the Tools for PowerShell
Import-Module AWS.Tools.Common
Get-AWSService | Select-Object Service, ServiceName, ModuleName | Format-Table -AutoSize

# Discover available AWS regions
Get-AWSRegion

# Keep AWS.Tools versions in sync
Update-AWSToolsModule

#___________________________________
# Set AWS authentication and region
# Import the AWS Tools Common module
Import-Module AWS.Tools.Common
# set the credential for the session
Set-AWSCredential -AccessKey $aKey -SecretKey $sKey
# set the default region for the session
Set-DefaultAWSRegion -Region us-west-2
#___________________________________

# AWS FINAL EXAMPLE
# 1 - Create an S3 bucket
# 2 - Make the S3 bucket secure - NO PUBLIC ACCESS
# 3 - Upload a file to the new S3 bucket
# 4 - Create a pre-signed URL to enable people to securely download the file worldwide

# Install the AWS.Tools S3 module to work with Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)
Install-Module AWS.Tools.S3
Import-Module AWS.Tools.S3

# 1 - This command creates a new private bucket named "techthoughts".
# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/New-S3Bucket.html
New-S3Bucket -BucketName 'techthoughts'
Get-S3PublicAccessBlock -BucketName 'techthoughts' # by default the bucket will not have public access blocked

# 2 - Adjust public access to the bucket to BLOCKED
# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/Add-S3PublicAccessBlock.html
$publicAccessBlockSplat = @{
    PublicAccessBlockConfiguration_BlockPublicAcl       = $true
    PublicAccessBlockConfiguration_IgnorePublicAcl      = $true
    PublicAccessBlockConfiguration_BlockPublicPolicy    = $true
    PublicAccessBlockConfiguration_RestrictPublicBucket = $true
    BucketName                                          = 'techthoughts'
}
Add-S3PublicAccessBlock @publicAccessBlockSplat
Get-S3PublicAccessBlock -BucketName 'techthoughts' # verify the new BLOCKED policy is in place

# 3 - Upload a local file on your drive to the new S3 bucket
$filePath = 'C:\rs-pkgs\techthoughts_text_file.txt'
$key = 'techthoughts_text_file.txt'
$bucketName = 'techthoughts'
# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/index.html?page=Write-S3Object.html&tocid=Write-S3Object
# http://iwantmyreal.name/s3-download-only-presigned-upload
$writeS3Splat = @{
    BucketName       = $bucketName
    File             = $filePath
    Key              = $key
    HeaderCollection = @{
        'Content-Disposition' = "attachment; filename=""$key"""
    }
}
Write-S3Object @writeS3Splat

# 4 - Create a pre-signed URL to securely allow others to download the file for a set period of time
# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/Get-S3PreSignedURL.html
# This URL will be good for 1 day - 24 hours!
$url = Get-S3PreSignedURL -BucketName $bucketName -Key $key -Expire (Get-Date).AddDays(1)

#endregion

#region Azure

# ----------------------------------------------
# Azure
# ----------------------------------------------

# Install the Az module
Install-Module -Name Az

# Get a list of Azure services supported by the Az modules
Get-Command -Noun Az* | Sort-Object Source
# List all (read only) Get cmdlets that contain VM in the Az.Compute module
Get-Command -Verb Get -Noun AzVM* -Module Az.Compute

# Get a list of available Azure locations to deploy resources to
Get-AzLocation | Select-Object DisplayName, Location

Import-Module Az.Accounts
# Connect to Azure with a browser sign in token
Connect-AzAccount
# If you have more than one subscription associated with your mail account, you can choose the default subscription.
Get-AzSubscription
Select-AzSubscription -Subscription "My Subscription"

Get-AzResourceGroup | Select-Object ResourceGroupName, Location

Set-AzDefault -ResourceGroupName myResourceGroup

# AZURE FINAL EXAMPLE
# 1 - Create a resource group to hold storage account
# 2 - Create a storage account
# 3 - Create a storage container
# 4 - Upload a file to the new storage container
# 5 - Create a pre-signed URL to enable people to securely download the file worldwide

#Resource Group
$resourceGroupName = "techthoughts"
$location = "westus"

# 1 - Create a resource group to hold storage account
# https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/az.resources/new-azresourcegroup?view=azps-4.4.0
$newResourceGroupSplat = @{
    Name     = $resourceGroupName
    Location = $location
}
New-AzResourceGroup @newResourceGroupSplat

# 2 - Create a storage account
# https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/az.storage/new-azstorageaccount?view=azps-4.4.0
$storageAccountName = 'techthoughtsstorage'
$newStorageAccountSplat = @{
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    AccountName       = $storageAccountName
    Location          = $location
    SkuName           = 'Standard_LRS'
    Kind              = 'StorageV2'
}
New-AzStorageAccount @newStorageAccountSplat

# 3 - Create a storage container
# https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/az.storage/get-azstorageaccount?view=azps-4.4.0
$getStorageAccountSplat = @{
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    Name              = $storageAccountName
}
$storageContext = Get-AzStorageAccount @getStorageAccountSplat
# https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/az.storage/new-azstoragecontainer?view=azps-4.4.0
$containerName = 'techthoughtscontainer'
$newStorageContainerSplat = @{
    Context    = $storageContext.Context
    Name       = $containerName
    Permission = 'Off'
}
New-AzStorageContainer @newStorageContainerSplat

# 4 - Upload a file to the new storage container
# https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/az.storage/set-azstorageblobcontent?view=azps-4.4.0
$setAzStorageBlobSplat = @{
    Context   = $storageContext.Context
    Container = $containerName
    File      = 'C:\rs-pkgs\techthoughts_text_file.txt'
    Blob      = 'techthoughts_text_file.txt'
}
Set-AzStorageBlobContent @setAzStorageBlobSplat

# 5 - Create a pre-signed URL to enable people to securely download the file worldwide
# https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/az.storage/new-azstorageblobsastoken?view=azps-4.4.0
$newStorageSASSplat = @{
    Context    = $storageContext.Context
    Container  = $containerName
    Blob       = 'techthoughts_text_file.txt'
    ExpiryTime = (Get-Date).AddDays(1)
    Permission = 'r'
    FullUri    = $true
}
$url = New-AzStorageBlobSASToken @newStorageSASSplat

#endregion


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP13 - PowerShell Modules/EP13 - PowerShell Modules.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-modules/
#____________________________________________________________
# importing a psm1

# a psm1 module can now be imported
Import-Module .\learnpowershell.psm1

# we can confirm that the module is loaded
Get-Module learnpowershell

# now that the module is imported we can see what commands are available
Get-Command -Module learnpowershell
#____________________________________________________________
# importing a psd1

# create a basic module manifest
New-ModuleManifest -Path C:\learnpowershell\learnpowershell.psd1

# test a module manifest
Test-ModuleManifest .\learnpowershell.psd1

# import a module by specifying the manifest
Import-Module .\learnpowershell.psd1

# we can confirm that the module is loaded
Get-Module learnpowershell
#____________________________________________________________
# using a repository to find and install modules

# the PowerShell Gallery is registered by default
Get-PSRepository

# search for modules that are tagged with the Telegram key word
Find-Module -Tag Telegram | Format-List

# install a module from the PowerShell Gallery
Install-Module -Name PoshGram -Scope CurrentUser

# determine where a module was installed on the system
Get-Module -Name PoshGram -ListAvailable | Select-Object Path

# update installed module
Update-Module -Name PoshGram

# list all modules available on the system
Get-Module -ListAvailable

#____________________________________________________________
# manually installing a module

# PowerShell sources modules from paths specified in the PSModulePath environment variable
$env:PSModulePath

# change dir to the modules install folder
Set-Location $env:USERPROFILE\Documents\PowerShell\Modules

# create a new folder that is the same name as your module
New-Item -Name learnpowershell -ItemType Directory

# copy the psd1 and psm1 files to this new directory

# verify that PowerShell can now source that module
Get-Module learnpowershell -ListAvailable
#____________________________________________________________
# saving a module for testing / evaluation

# save a module to a directory of your choice
Save-Module PoshGram -Path C:\eval -Repository PSGallery

# change directory to the downloaded module
Set-Location 'C:\eval\PoshGram\2.2.2'

# import the module directly for testing and evaluation
Import-Module .\PoshGram.psd1
#____________________________________________________________
# publish your module to the PowerShell Gallery
Publish-Module -Name "learnpowershell" -NuGetApiKey "your-api-key-goes-here" -Repository PSGallery


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP13 - PowerShell Modules/LearnPowerShell/LearnPowerShell.psd1
================================================
#
# Module manifest for module 'LearnPowerShell'
#
# Generated by: Jake Morrison
#
# Generated on: 06/13/22
#

@{

    # Script module or binary module file associated with this manifest.
    RootModule        = 'LearnPowerShell.psm1'

    # Version number of this module.
    ModuleVersion     = '0.7.0'

    # Supported PSEditions
    # CompatiblePSEditions = @()

    # ID used to uniquely identify this module
    GUID              = '1240e1b2-fa3a-4617-98cc-25adec29389a'

    # Author of this module
    Author            = 'Jake Morrison'

    # Company or vendor of this module
    CompanyName       = 'TechThoughts'

    # Copyright statement for this module
    Copyright         = '(c) Jake Morrison. All rights reserved.'

    # Description of the functionality provided by this module
    Description       = 'Returns episode information from the Learn PowerShell series. Learn PowerShell in an operationally focused blog and video series. This module contains information about each episode.'

    # Minimum version of the PowerShell engine required by this module
    # PowerShellVersion = ''

    # Name of the PowerShell host required by this module
    # PowerShellHostName = ''

    # Minimum version of the PowerShell host required by this module
    # PowerShellHostVersion = ''

    # Minimum version of Microsoft .NET Framework required by this module. This prerequisite is valid for the PowerShell Desktop edition only.
    # DotNetFrameworkVersion = ''

    # Minimum version of the common language runtime (CLR) required by this module. This prerequisite is valid for the PowerShell Desktop edition only.
    # ClrVersion = ''

    # Processor architecture (None, X86, Amd64) required by this module
    # ProcessorArchitecture = ''

    # Modules that must be imported into the global environment prior to importing this module
    # RequiredModules = @()

    # Assemblies that must be loaded prior to importing this module
    # RequiredAssemblies = @()

    # Script files (.ps1) that are run in the caller's environment prior to importing this module.
    # ScriptsToProcess = @()

    # Type files (.ps1xml) to be loaded when importing this module
    # TypesToProcess = @()

    # Format files (.ps1xml) to be loaded when importing this module
    # FormatsToProcess = @()

    # Modules to import as nested modules of the module specified in RootModule/ModuleToProcess
    # NestedModules = @()

    # Functions to export from this module, for best performance, do not use wildcards and do not delete the entry, use an empty array if there are no functions to export.
    FunctionsToExport = @(
        'Get-LearnPowerShellInfo'
    )

    # Cmdlets to export from this module, for best performance, do not use wildcards and do not delete the entry, use an empty array if there are no cmdlets to export.
    # CmdletsToExport   = @()

    # Variables to export from this module
    # VariablesToExport = '*'

    # Aliases to export from this module, for best performance, do not use wildcards and do not delete the entry, use an empty array if there are no aliases to export.
    # AliasesToExport   = @()

    # DSC resources to export from this module
    # DscResourcesToExport = @()

    # List of all modules packaged with this module
    # ModuleList = @()

    # List of all files packaged with this module
    # FileList = @()

    # Private data to pass to the module specified in RootModule/ModuleToProcess. This may also contain a PSData hashtable with additional module metadata used by PowerShell.
    PrivateData       = @{

        PSData = @{

            # Tags applied to this module. These help with module discovery in online galleries.
            Tags       = @(
                'examples',
                'howto',
                'learn',
                'learn-powershell',
                'learn-powershell-series',
                'learning-powershell',
                'learningpowershell',
                'learnpowershell',
                'powershell',
                'powershellcourse',
                'powershell-course',
                'powershellexamples'
                'powershell-examples'
                'powershell-training',
                'powershelltraining',
                'training',
                'training-course'
            )

            # A URL to the license for this module.
            # LicenseUri = ''

            # A URL to the main website for this project.
            ProjectUri = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples'

            # A URL to an icon representing this module.
            # IconUri = ''

            # ReleaseNotes of this module
            # ReleaseNotes = ''

            # Prerelease string of this module
            # Prerelease = ''

            # Flag to indicate whether the module requires explicit user acceptance for install/update/save
            # RequireLicenseAcceptance = $false

            # External dependent modules of this module
            # ExternalModuleDependencies = @()

        } # End of PSData hashtable

    } # End of PrivateData hashtable

    # HelpInfo URI of this module
    # HelpInfoURI = ''

    # Default prefix for commands exported from this module. Override the default prefix using Import-Module -Prefix.
    # DefaultCommandPrefix = ''

}



================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP13 - PowerShell Modules/LearnPowerShell/LearnPowerShell.psm1
================================================
#region Learn PowerShell Information

[System.Collections.ArrayList]$script:learnPowerShellInfo = @()

$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = '0'
        Title   = 'Should you learn PowerShell?'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/ps1-should-you-learn-powershell/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/csuz7qSJv_Q'
        GitHub  = ''
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Time'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 1
        Title   = 'PowerShell Basics'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/learn-and-use-powershell-with-just-three-commands/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/cDcS6iL1G4I'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP1%20-%20PowerShell%20Basics.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Cmdlets'
            'Verb'
            'Noun',
            'Command'
            'Help'
            'Get-Help'
            'Get-Command'
            'Get-Member'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 2
        Title   = 'PowerShell Pipeline'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/working-with-the-powershell-pipeline/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/QKmyf6c83Rs'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP2%20-%20PowerShell%20Pipeline.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Pipeline'
            'PSItem'
            'Format'
            'Select'
            'Object'
            'Sort'
            'Parameters'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 3
        Title   = 'State of the Shell'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-history-and-current-state/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/nQTZRJjcuE4'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP3%20-%20State%20of%20the%20Shell.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'History'
            'pwsh'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 4
        Title   = 'PowerShell Development Setup'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/getting-setup-powershell-development/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/J6mQIISjXFA'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP4%20-%20PowerhShell%20Development.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Development'
            'VSCode'
            'Terminal'
            'PSScriptAnalyzer'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 5
        Title   = 'Working With PowerShell Variables'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/working-with-powershell-variables/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/4Rc0aEMXiWw'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP5%20-%20PowerShell%20Variables.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Variables'
            'Variable'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 6
        Title   = 'Taking Control with PowerShell Logic'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/taking-control-with-powershell-logic/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/nesN4Iznbco'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP6%20-%20PowerShell%20Logic.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Conditional'
            'Switch'
            'Loops'
            'For'
            'Foreach'
            'While'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 7
        Title   = 'PowerShell Input & Output'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-input-output/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/nnTlsNA3hPk'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP7%20-%20PowerShell%20Input%20Output.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Input'
            'Output'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 8
        Title   = 'PowerShell Errors and Exceptions Handling'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-errors-and-exceptions-handling/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/A6afjA5Q9eM'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP8%20-%20PowerShell%20Error%20Handling.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Errors'
            'Exceptions'
            'Terminating'
            'ErrorAction'
            'Try'
            'Catch'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 9
        Title   = 'PowerShell Remoting'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-remoting/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/qvJRaYlxI1w'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP9%20-%20PowerShell%20Remoting.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Remoting'
            'WinRm'
            'SSH'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 10
        Title   = 'PowerShell Scripts'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-scripts/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/IABNJEl2ZWk'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP10%20-%20PowerShell%20Script.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Scripts'
            'Script'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 11
        Title   = 'PowerShell Functions'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-functions/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/qrwPvbCWRtI'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP11%20-%20PowerShell%20Functions.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Functions'
            'Function'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 12
        Title   = 'Manage Cloud with PowerShell'
        Blog    = 'https://www.techthoughts.info/manage-cloud-with-powershell/'
        YouTube = 'https://youtu.be/x-bAD3RX_P0'
        GitHub  = 'https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples/blob/master/LearnPowerShell/EP12%20-%20Manage%20Cloud%20with%20PowerShell.ps1'
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Cloud'
            'Azure'
            'AWS'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
$script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
        Episode = 13
        Title   = 'PowerShell Modules'
        Blog    = ''
        YouTube = ''
        GitHub  = ''
        Tags    = @(
            'PowerShell'
            'Learn'
            'Module'
            'Modules'
            'psm1'
            'psd1'
        )
    }) | Out-Null
# $script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
#         Episode = 14
#         Title   = ''
#         Blog    = ''
#         YouTube = ''
#         GitHub  = ''
#         Tags    = @(
#             'PowerShell'
#             'Learn'
#         )
#     }) | Out-Null
# $script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
#         Episode = 15
#         Title   = ''
#         Blog    = ''
#         YouTube = ''
#         GitHub  = ''
#         Tags    = @(
#             'PowerShell'
#             'Learn'
#         )
#     }) | Out-Null
# $script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
#         Episode = 16
#         Title   = ''
#         Blog    = ''
#         YouTube = ''
#         GitHub  = ''
#         Tags    = @(
#             'PowerShell'
#             'Learn'
#         )
#     }) | Out-Null
# $script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
#         Episode = 17
#         Title   = ''
#         Blog    = ''
#         YouTube = ''
#         GitHub  = ''
#         Tags    = @(
#             'PowerShell'
#             'Learn'
#         )
#     }) | Out-Null
# $script:learnPowerShellInfo.Add([PSCustomObject]@{
#         Episode = 18
#         Title   = ''
#         Blog    = ''
#         YouTube = ''
#         GitHub  = ''
#         Tags    = @(
#             'PowerShell'
#             'Learn'
#         )
#     }) | Out-Null


#endregion

#region main

<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Returns episode information about the Learn PowerShell series
.DESCRIPTION
    Returns episode information about the Learn PowerShell series
.EXAMPLE
    Get-LearnPowerShellInfo

    Returns all episode information from the Learn PowerShell series
.EXAMPLE
    Get-LearnPowerShellInfo -Tag 'vscode'

    Returns all episode(s) information that are tagged with vscode in the Learn PowerShell series
.EXAMPLE
    Get-LearnPowerShellInfo -EpisodeNumber 5

    Returns information for Episode 5 from the Learn PowerShell series
.PARAMETER Tag
    Topic Tag
.PARAMETER EpisodeNumber
    Episode Number
.OUTPUTS
    System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject
.NOTES
    Have fun learning PowerShell!
.COMPONENT
    LearnPowerShell
.LINK
    https://www.techthoughts.info/learn-powershell-series/
.LINK
    https://github.com/techthoughts2/Learn-PowerShell-Code-Examples
#>
function Get-LearnPowerShellInfo {
    [CmdletBinding(
        DefaultParameterSetName = 'x'
    )]
    param (
        [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Tag',
            Mandatory = $true,
            HelpMessage = 'Topic tag')]
        [string]
        $Tag,
        [Parameter(ParameterSetName = 'Episode',
            Mandatory = $true,
            HelpMessage = 'Episode Number')]
        [ValidateRange(1, 15)]
        [int]
        $EpisodeNumber
    )

    Write-Verbose -Message ('ParameterSetName: {0}' -f $($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName))

    if ($Tag) {
        Write-Verbose -Message 'Finding episode(s) by tag'
        $result = $script:learnPowerShellInfo | Where-Object { $_.Tags -like "*$Tag*" }
    }
    elseif ($EpisodeNumber) {
        Write-Verbose -Message 'Finding episode by episode number'
        $result = $script:learnPowerShellInfo | Where-Object { $_.Episode -eq $EpisodeNumber }
    }
    else {
        Write-Verbose -Message 'Returning all episode information'
        $result = $script:learnPowerShellInfo
    }

    return $result
}

#endregion


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP2 - PowerShell Pipeline.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/working-with-the-powershell-pipeline/
#____________________________________________________________
# the pipeline operator

Get-Process | Sort-Object Id
#____________________________________________________________
# In this example, every command found will be "piped" to Get-Help
# This will run Get-Help against EVERY command found

Get-Command | Get-Help
#____________________________________________________________
# This example would restart the BITS service!

Get-Service -Name BITS | Restart-Service
#____________________________________________________________
# try running this command on your machine to see the results.
# the WhatIf parameter will make Stop-Process take no actual action

Get-Process | Stop-Process -WhatIf
#____________________________________________________________
# PSItem
# Get all processes. For each process (object) found,
# display that object

Get-Process | ForEach-Object {$PSItem}

# In this simple example, we will display the current object
# to the console
1,2,3 | ForEach-Object {$PSItem}

# Spelling out $PSItem (not common)
1,2,3 | ForEach-Object {$PSItem}
# using $PSItem shorthand (common)
1,2,3 | ForEach-Object {$_}
#____________________________________________________________
# Format-List & Format-Table

# Note the way things look using Format-Table
Get-Process | Format-Table
# Now see how that differs if you pipe instead to Format-List
Get-Process | Format-List

# Note the return from just Get-Date
Get-Date
# Now see how the whole object is returned if you pipe to Format-List
Get-Date | Format-List

# basic information about the notepad process
Get-Process notepad
# more information about the notepad process
Get-Process notepad | Format-List
# all available information about the notepad process
Get-Process notepad | Format-List
#____________________________________________________________
# Select-Object

# Using Select-Object you can retrieve only the properties you are after
Get-Process | Select-Object Name,Id,CPU,Responding
#____________________________________________________________
# Sort-Object

# This example pipes all processes to Sort-Object which sorts by CPU use
# Use to quickly identify your busiest processes. Very handy!
Get-Process | Sort-Object CPU

# You can combine multiple pipelines together as well
Get-Process | Select-Object Name,Id,CPU,Responding | Sort-Object CPU
#____________________________________________________________
# Where-Object

# Get Processes, return only those where current object $_ is greater than 15
Get-Process | Where-Object {$_.CPU -gt 15}

# Get file information for all files found in the $HOME directory
# Return information for only files that are greater than 5MB in size
Get-ChildItem $HOME -Recurse | Where-Object {$_.Length -gt 5MB}

# Count the number of large file in your $HOME directory
Get-ChildItem $HOME -Recurse | Where-Object {$_.Length -gt 50MB} | Measure-Object
#____________________________________________________________


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP3 - State of the Shell.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-history-and-current-state/
#____________________________________________________________
# determine what version of PowerShell you are running with the following:
$PSVersionTable
# The PSVersion number is the version. you can get it specifically like this:
$PSVersionTable.PSVersion
#____________________________________________________________
# in a 5.1 window count the number of cmdlets:
Get-Command | Measure-Object
# now try the same thing in a 6+ console window
Get-Command | Measure-Object
#____________________________________________________________
# in a 6+ console window run the following:
Install-Module WindowsCompatibility -Scope CurrentUser
#____________________________________________________________


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP4 - PowerhShell Development.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/getting-setup-powershell-development/
#____________________________________________________________
code --list-extensions
code --install-extension ms-vscode.PowerShell

# PowerShell base VSCode settings:
<#
{
    // editor
    "editor.quickSuggestionsDelay": 1,
    "editor.tabCompletion": "on",
    "files.defaultLanguage": "powershell",

    // powershell settings changes

    // you can specify a custom location for the powershell.exe/pwsh.exe file
    // not required if you just want to use the default locations
    "powershell.powerShellAdditionalExePaths": {
        "PS7": "C:\\Program Files\\PowerShell\\7\\pwsh.exe",
        "PS5.1": "C:\\WINDOWS\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe"
    },
    "powershell.powerShellDefaultVersion": "PS7",
    "powershell.codeFormatting.preset":"Stroustrup",
    "powershell.startAutomatically": true,
    "powershell.scriptAnalysis.enable": true,
    "powershell.integratedConsole.showOnStartup": false,
    "powershell.integratedConsole.focusConsoleOnExecute": true
}
#>


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP5 - PowerShell Variables.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/working-with-powershell-variables/
#____________________________________________________________
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_variables?view=powershell-6
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/learn/using-variables-to-store-objects?view=powershell-6
#____________________________________________________________
Get-Process
$processes = Get-Process
$processes
#----------------------------------------
# not using variable
Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.CPU -gt 5000 } #find processes keeping the CPU busy
Get-Process | Sort-Object WorkingSet64 -Descending #sort processes by memory usage
#----------------------------------------
# using variable
$processes = Get-Process
$processes | Where-Object { $_.CPU -gt 5000 } #find processes keeping the CPU busy
$processes | Sort-Object WorkingSet64 -Descending #sort processes by memory usage
#----------------------------------------
# not strong typed
$myNewVariable

# data types
#----------------------------------------
$total = 2 + 2
$total
$total | Get-Member
#----------------------------------------
$total = '2 + 2'
$total
$total | Get-Member
#____________________________________________________________
# understanding data types

$num1 = 2
$num2 = 2
$total = $num1 + $num2
$total
#----------------------------------------
$num1 = '2'
$num2 = '2'
$total = $num1 + $num2
$total
#----------------------------------------

#strong type
#----------------------------------------
[int]$num1 = '2'
[int]$num2 = '2'
$total = $num1 + $num2
#----------------------------------------

#convert
#----------------------------------------
$stringReturn = $total.ToString()
$total | Get-Member
#----------------------------------------

#quotes
$literal = 'Two plus one equals: $(1 + 2)'
$literal
$escaped = "Two plus one equals: $(1 + 2)"
$escaped
Write-Host '$escaped'
Write-Host "$escaped"

#constant variables are reserved
Get-Variable
# you can't use these
$HOME = 'c:\test'

#environment variables
Get-ChildItem env:
$env:COMPUTERNAME
$env:USERNAME

#putting it all together with an example
$path = Read-Host -Prompt 'Please enter the file path you wish to scan for large files...'
$rawFileData = Get-ChildItem -Path $path -Recurse
$largeFiles = $rawFileData | Where-Object { $_.Length -gt 100MB }
$largeFilesCount = $largeFiles | Measure-Object | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Count
Write-Host "You have $largeFilesCount large file(s) in $path"
#____________________________________________________________


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP6 - PowerShell Logic.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/taking-control-with-powershell-logic/
#____________________________________________________________
##################################################
#CONDITIONAL
# do something based on a condition
if ('a condition is met') {
    # do something / take an action
}
elseif ('a different condition is met') {
    # do something different
}
else {
    # do something else
}

#-------------------------------------------------

$path = 'C:\Test' #windows
# $path = /home #linux
$evalPath = Test-Path $path
if ($evalPath -eq $true) {
    Write-Host "$path VERIFIED"
}
elseif ($evalPath -eq $false) {
    Write-Host "$path NOT VERIFIED"
}

#COMPARISON OPERATORS
##################################################
#SWITCH
[int]$aValue = Read-Host 'Enter a number'
switch ($aValue) {
    1 {
        Write-Host 'You entered the number ONE'
    }
    2 {
        Write-Host 'You entered the number TWO'
    }
    3 {
        Write-Host 'You entered the number THREE'
    }
    4 {
        Write-Host 'You entered the number FOUR'
    }
    5 {
        Write-Host 'You entered the number FIVE'
    }
    Default {
        Write-Host "Sorry, I don't know what to do with $aValue"
    }
}

##################################################
# LOOPS
for ($i = 0; $i -le 15; $i++) {
    Write-Host $i -ForegroundColor $i
}

#-------------------------------------------------

$aString = 'Jean-Luc Picard'
$reverseString = ''
for ($i = $aString.Length; $i -ge 0; $i--) {
    $reverseString += $aString[$i]
}
$reverseString

##################################################

$path = 'C:\Test'
[int]$totalSize = 0
$fileInfo = Get-ChildItem $path -Recurse
foreach ($file in $fileInfo) {
    $totalSize += $file.Length
}
Write-Host "The total size of file in $path is $($totalSize /1MB) MB."

##################################################

#-------------------------------------------------
# do while loop
$pathVerified = $false
do {
    # in a do while, the user will always be prompted at least once
    $path = Read-Host 'Please enter a file path to evaluate'
    if (Test-Path $path) {
        $pathVerified = $true
    }
} while ($pathVerified -eq $false)
#-------------------------------------------------
# while loop
$pathVerified = $true
while ($pathVerified -eq $false) {
    # in a while loop, you might never enter the loop
    $path = Read-Host 'Please enter a file path to evaluate'
    if (Test-Path $path) {
        $pathVerified = $true
    }
}
#-------------------------------------------------

$largeProcesses = Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.WorkingSet64 -gt 50MB }

$largeProcesses = @()
$processes = Get-Process
foreach ($process in $processes) {
    if ($process.WorkingSet64 -gt 50MB) {
        $largeProcesses += $process
    }
}

#-------------------------------------------------

$path = 'C:\Test'
$folderCount = 0
Get-ChildItem $path | ForEach-Object -Process { if ($_.PSIsContainer) { $folderCount++ } }
$folderCount

#-------------------------------------------------

# declare a few variables for counting
[int]$fileCount = 0
[int]$folderCount = 0
[int]$totalSize = 0

# declare our path we want to evaluate
$path = 'C:\Test'

# get the file information
$rawFileInfo = Get-ChildItem $path -Recurse

# loop through that file information
foreach ($item in $rawFileInfo) {
    if ($item.PSIsContainer) {
        # this is a folder/directory
        $folderCount++
    }
    else {
        # this is a file, because it is not a PSIsContainer
        $fileCount++
        $totalSize += $item.Length
    }
}

# generate output
Write-Host "Breakdown of $path"
Write-Host "Total Directories: $folderCount"
Write-Host "Total Files: $fileCount"
Write-Host "Total Size of files: $($totalSize / 1MB) MB"

#-------------------------------------------------


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP7 - PowerShell Input Output.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-input-output/
#____________________________________________________________
#INPUT

#-------------------------------------------------
#cmdlets - obviously

#retrieve dynamic content from a website
$webResults = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://reddit.com/r/powershell.json'
$rawJSON = $webResults.Content
$objData = $rawJSON | ConvertFrom-Json
$posts = $objData.data.children.data
$posts | Select-Object Title,Score | Sort-Object Score -Descending

#-------------------------------------------------
#Read Host
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/read-host?view=powershell-6

[int]$numPosts = Read-Host -Prompt "Enter the number of posts to read"
$posts | Select-Object Title,url | Sort-Object Score -Descending | Select-Object -First $numPosts

[int]$numFacts = Read-Host -Prompt "Enter the number of cat facts you would like"
$webResults = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "https://catfact.ninja/facts?limit=$numFacts&max_length=140"
$webResults.data

#-------------------------------------------------
#Get Content
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/get-content?view=powershell-6

$logContent = Get-Content C:\Test\SampleLog.log
$logContent = Get-Content C:\Test\SampleLog.log -Tail 5
$b = Get-Content C:\Test\SampleLog.log -Raw

$logContent | Select-String -Pattern "INFO"
$regex = "\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b"
$logContent | Select-String -Pattern $regex -AllMatches
$logContent | Where-Object {$_ -like "*.*.*.*"}

$b | Select-String -Pattern $regex
$b | Where-Object {$_ -like "*.*.*.*"}

#__________________

$rawCSVInput = Get-Content C:\Test\tt.csv
$objData = $rawCSVInput | ConvertFrom-Csv

###############################################################################
###############################################################################

#OUTPUT
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/write-host?view=powershell-6
#https://www.jsnover.com/blog/2013/12/07/write-host-considered-harmful/

Write-Host 'Text output to console'
$hostInfo = Get-Host
Write-Host $hostInfo
Write-Host $hostInfo.Version
Write-Host "Warning" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host "ERROR" -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host "Works Great" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "CRITICAL ERROR" -BackgroundColor Red -ForegroundColor White

Write-Host "The display name is: $($bits.DisplayName)"

#-------------------------------------------------

Write-Output
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/write-output?view=powershell-6

<#
The Write-Output cmdlet sends the specified object down the pipeline to the next command. If the command is the last command in the pipeline, the object is displayed in the console.
Write-Output sends objects down the primary pipeline, also known as the "output stream" or the "success pipeline." To send error objects down the error pipeline, use Write-Error.
This cmdlet is typically used in scripts to display strings and other objects on the console. However, because the default behavior is to display the objects at the end of a pipeline, it is generally not necessary to use the cmdlet. For instance, Get-Process | Write-Output is equivalent to Get-Process.
#>
$processes = Get-Process
Write-Output $processes
$P

#-------------------------------------------------
#Out-File
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/out-file?view=powershell-6

$processes = Get-Process
$processes | Out-File C:\Test\processInfo.txt
$processes | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation | Out-File c:\test\processes.csv
$processes | Export-Csv -Path c:\test\processes2.csv

$processes = Get-Process
$xml = ConvertTo-Xml -As "Document" -Depth 3 -InputObject $processes

#-------------------------------------------------


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP8 - PowerShell Error Handling.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-errors-and-exceptions-handling/
#____________________________________________________________
#Github PowerShell error documentation:
#https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/PowerShell-Docs/issues/1583

# Primary Pipeline aka output stream aka success pipeline
# error pipeline

#-------------------------------------------------
#non-terminating error
1 / 0; Write-Host 'Hello, will I run after an error?'

#non-terminating errors don't stop loops
$collection = @(
    'C:\Test\newcsv.csv',
    'c:\nope\nope.txt'
    'C:\Test\newcsv2.csv'
)
foreach ($item in $collection) {
    Get-Item $item
}
#-------------------------------------------------
#terminating errors

# Without ErrorAction
Get-Item -Path c:\nope\nope.txt; Write-Host 'Hello, will I run after an error?'
# With ErrorAction
Get-Item -Path c:\nope\nope.txt -ErrorAction Stop; Write-Host 'Hello, will I run after an error?'

#try/catch/finally
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_try_catch_finally?view=powershell-6

# throw causes PowerShell to terminate
try {
    1 / 0; Write-Host 'Hello, will I run after an error?'
}
catch {
    throw
}

# this example will not go the catch and will run the Write-Host
try {
    Get-Item -Path c:\nope\nope.txt; Write-Host 'Hello, will I run after an error?'
}
catch {
    Write-Host 'You are now in the catch'
}

# this example will error and go directly to the catch
try {
    Get-Item -Path c:\nope\nope.txt -ErrorAction Stop; Write-Host 'Hello, will I run after an error?'
}
catch {
    Write-Host 'You are now in the catch'
}


$processNames = @(
    'NotAProcess',
    'Notepad'

)
foreach ($item in $processNames) {
    try {
        Get-Process -Nam $item
    }
    catch {
        Write-Host $item
        throw
    }
}

#Write-Error simply prints the error for the user
try {
    1 / 0; Write-Host 'Hello, will I run after an error?'
}
catch {
    # Maybe Log Something Right here
    Write-Error $_
}

# Finally will log results regardless of what happens
try {
    Get-Content -Path c:\nope\nope.txt -ErrorAction Stop
}
catch {
    Write-Error $_
}
finally {
    # log results to a logging file
}
#-------------------------------------------------

#The website exists, but the page does not
try {
    $webResults = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://www.techthoughts.info/nope.htm'
}
catch {
    Write-Error $_
}

#The website exists, but the page does not
try {
    $webResults = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://www.techthoughts.info/nope.htm'
}
catch {
    $theError = $_
    if ($theError.Exception -like "*404*") {
        Write-Warning 'Web page not found. Check the address and try again.'
        #Retry code
    }
    else {
        throw
    }
}

#The website does not exist
try {
    $webResults = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://techthoughtssssssss.info/'
}
catch {
    $theError = $_
    $theError.Exception
}

#The website exists, but the page does not
try {
    $webResults = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://www.techthoughts.info/nope.htm'
}
catch {
    $theError = $_
    # see all the sub-properties
    $theError | Format-List * -Force
}

#-------------------------------------------------
# $Error

$Error
1 / 0; $Error
Get-Process -Name 'NotAProcess'
$Error
$Error.Clear()

$Error[5] | Format-List * -Force
#-------------------------------------------------

#this example will help display some helpful message to the user
#this example will only work in PowerShell 6.1+
$uri = Read-Host 'Enter the URL'
try {
    $webResults = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $uri -ErrorAction Stop
}
catch {
    $statusCodeValue = $_.Exception.Response.StatusCode.value__
    switch ($statusCodeValue) {
        400 {
            Write-Warning -Message "HTTP Status Code 400 Bad Request. Check the URL and try again."
        }
        401 {
            Write-Warning -Message "HTTP Status Code 401 Unauthorized."
        }
        403 {
            Write-Warning -Message "HTTP Status Code 403 Forbidden. Server may be having issues. Check the URL and try again."
        }
        404 {
            Write-Warning -Message "HTTP Status Code 404 Not found. Check the URL and try again."
        }
        500 {
            Write-Warning -Message "HTTP Status Code 500 Internal Server Error."
        }
        Default {
            throw
        }
    }
}


================================================
FILE: LearnPowerShell/EP9 - PowerShell Remoting.ps1
================================================
#____________________________________________________________
# https://www.techthoughts.info/powershell-remoting/
#____________________________________________________________

#region WinRM Links

#Running Remote Commands
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/learn/remoting/running-remote-commands?view=powershell-6

#Windows Remote Management
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/winrm/portal

#Installation and Configuration for Windows Remote Management
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/winrm/installation-and-configuration-for-windows-remote-management

#Making the second hop in PowerShell Remoting
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/learn/remoting/ps-remoting-second-hop?view=powershell-6

#PowerShell remoting over SSH
#https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/learn/remoting/ssh-remoting-in-powershell-core?view=powershell-6

#How to configure WinRM for HTTPS manually
#https://www.visualstudiogeeks.com/devops/how-to-configure-winrm-for-https-manually

#endregion

#region ComputerName

# Per PowerShell documentation you can find a list of cmdlets that support ComputerName with the following:
Get-Command | Where-Object { $_.parameters.keys -contains "ComputerName" -and $_.parameters.keys -notcontains "Session" }

# this will prompt you to enter your access credentials. the creds will be securely stored in the variable
$creds = Get-Credential

# restart a single computer
Restart-Computer -ComputerName RemoteDevice -Credential $creds

# restart several computers
Restart-Computer -ComputerName RemoteDevice1, RemoteDevice2, RemoteDevice3 -Credential $creds

# restart an entire list of computers
$devices = Get-Content -Path C:\listOfServers.txt
Restart-Computer -ComputerName $devices -Credential $Creds -Force

#endregion

#region WinRM

#verify that WinRM is setup and configured locally
Test-WSMan

# basic WinRM configuration with default settings
winrm quickconfig

# example of WinRM configuration with more specific settings
winrm quickconfig -transport:https

# check winrm settings
winrm get winrm/config/client
winrm get winrm/config/service

Get-Process C:\> winrm enumerate winrm/config/listener
Listener
Address = *
Transport = HTTP
Port = 5985
Hostname
Enabled = true
URLPrefix = wsman
CertificateThumbprint
ListeningOn = 10.0.3.253, 127.0.0.1, 192.168.1.253, ::1,

#verify that WinRM is setup and responding on a remote device
#you must specify the authentication type when testing a remote device.
#if you are unsure about the authentication, set it to Negotiate
$credential = Get-Credential
Test-WSMan RemoteDeviceName -Authentication Negotiate -Credential $credential

#verify local device is listening on WinRM port
Get-NetTCPConnection -LocalPort 5985

#verify a remote device is listening on WinRM port
Test-NetConnection -Computername 192.168.34.13 -Port 5985

#establish an interactive remote session
$credential = Get-Credential
Enter-PSSession -ComputerName RemoteDeviceName -Credential $credential

#basic session opened to remote device
$session = New-PSSession -ComputerName RemoteDeviceName -Credential domain\user

#session opened to device over SSL
$credential = Get-Credential
$sessionHTTPS = New-PSSession -ComputerName RemoteDeviceName -Credential $credential -UseSSL

#establish sessions to multiple devices
$credential = Get-Credential
$multiSession = New-PSSession -ComputerName RemoteDeviceName1, RemoteDeviceName2, RemoteDeviceName3 -Credential $credential

#establish session to an entire list of devices
$devices = Get-Content -Path C:\listOfServers.txt
$credential = Get-Credential
$multiSession = New-PSSession -ComputerName $devices -Credential $credential

#session opened with advanced session options configured
$sessionOptions = New-PSSessionOption -SkipCNCheck -SkipCACheck -SkipRevocationCheck
$advancedSession = New-PSSession -ComputerName 10.0.3.27 -Credential user -UseSSL -SessionOption $so

#endRegion

#region Invoke-Command examples

#get the number of CPUs for each remote device
Invoke-Command -Session $sessions -ScriptBlock { (Get-CimInstance Win32_ComputerSystem).NumberOfLogicalProcessors }

#get the amount of RAM for each remote device
Invoke-Command -Session $sessions -ScriptBlock { Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem | Measure-Object -Property TotalVisibleMemorySize -Sum | ForEach-Object { [Math]::Round($_.sum / 1024 / 1024) } }

#get the amount of free space on the C: drive for each remote device
Invoke-Command -Session $sessions -ScriptBlock {
    $driveData = Get-PSDrive C | Select-Object Used, Free
    $total = $driveData.Used + $driveData.Free
    $calc = [Math]::Round($driveData.Free / $total, 2)
    $perFree = $calc * 100
    return $perFree
}

#get the number of CPUs for each remote device
Invoke-Command -Session $sessions -ScriptBlock { (Get-CimInstance Win32_ComputerSystem).NumberOfLogicalProcessors }

#get the amount of RAM for each remote device
Invoke-Command -Session $sessions -ScriptBlock { Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem | Measure-Object -Property TotalVisibleMemorySize -Sum | ForEach-Object { [Math]::Round($_.sum / 1024 / 1024) } }

#get the amount of free space on the C: drive for each remote device
Invoke-Command -Session $sessions -ScriptBlock {
    $driveData = Get-PSDrive C | Select-Object Used, Free
    $total = $driveData.Used + $driveData.Free
    $calc = [Math]::Round($driveData.Free / $total, 2)
    $perFree = $calc * 100
    return $perFree
}

#stop the BITS service on all remote devices
Invoke-Command -Session $sessions -ScriptBlock { Stop-Service BITS -Force }

#endregion

#region PowerShell-Linux-Remote-Access

#install openssh
sudo apt install openssh-client
sudo apt install openssh-server

#Edit the sshd_config file at location /etc/ssh
#Make sure password authentication is enabled:
PasswordAuthentication yes

#Add a PowerShell subsystem entry:
Subsystem powershell /usr/bin/pwsh -sshs -NoLogo -NoProfile

#Optionally, enable key authentication:
PubkeyAuthentication yes

#Restart the sshd service.
sudo service sshd restart

#establish an interactive session to a remote Linux device
$session = New-PSSession -HostName RemoteDevice -UserName user -SSHTransport
Enter-PSSession $session

#execute commands on a remote Linux device
$session = New-PSSession -HostName RemoteDevice -UserName user -SSHTransport
Invoke-Command -Session $session -ScriptBlock { Get-Process }

#alternative to running Invoke-Command in parallel
#foreach forces sequential connection and return for each server in the list
#establish session to an entire list of devices
$devices = Get-Content -Path C:\listOfServers.txt
$credential = Get-Credential
foreach ($server in $devices) {
    Invoke-Command -ComputerName $server -ScriptBlock { $env:COMPUTERNAME } -Credential $credential
}

#endregion

#region advanced WinRM

#add server to trusted hosts
Get-ChildItem WSMan:\localhost\Client\TrustedHosts
winrm s winrm/config/client '@{TrustedHosts="673448-RAXDC01"}'
winrm s winrm/config/client '@{TrustedHosts="579188-HYP1"}'

#domain to domain (http)
New-PSSession -ComputerName Test-Join -Credential domain\user
$domainToDomainHTTP = New-PSSession -ComputerName RemoteDeviceName -Credential domain\account

#domain to domain (requires https listener and certificates pre-configured)
New-PSSession -ComputerName Test-Join -Credential domain\user -UseSSL
$domainToDomainHTTPS = New-PSSession -ComputerName PDC2 -Credential domain\account -UseSSL

#by IP self-signed cert
$so = New-PSSessionOption -SkipCNCheck -SkipCACheck -SkipRevocationCheck
$test = New-PSSession -ComputerName 10.0.3.27 -Credential domain/account -UseSSL -SessionOption $so

#change port WinRM listens on
winrm/config/Listener?Address=*+Transport=HTTP '@{Port="8888"}'

#check WinRM settings
Get-WSManInstance -ResourceURI winrm/config/service/Auth
Get-WSManInstance -ResourceURI winrm/config/client/Auth
Get-WSManInstance -ResourceURI winrm/config/client

#endregion

#region final Example

#declare servers we will connect to remotely
$servers = 'Server1', 'Server2', 'Server3', 'Server4'
#capture credentials used for remote access
$creds = Get-Credential

#declare array to hold remote command results
$remoteResults = @()

#declare a splat for our Invoke-Command parameters
$invokeSplat = @{
    ComputerName  = $servers
    Credential    = $creds
    ErrorVariable = 'connectErrors'
    ErrorAction   = 'SilentlyContinue'
}

#execute remote command with splatted parameters.
#store results in variable
#errors will be stored in connectErrors
$remoteResults = Invoke-Command @invokeSplat -ScriptBlock {
    #declare a custom object to store result in and return
    $obj = [PSCustomObject]@{
        Name      = $env:COMPUTERNAME
        CPUs      = "-------"
        Memory    = "-------"
        FreeSpace = "-------"
    }
    #retrieve the CPU / Memory / Hard Drive information
    $obj.CPUs = (Get-CimInstance Win32_ComputerSystem).NumberOfLogicalProcessors
    $obj.Memory = Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem `
    | Measure-Object -Property TotalVisibleMemorySize -Sum `
    | ForEach-Object { [Math]::Round($_.sum / 1024 / 1024) }
    $driveData = Get-PSDrive C | Select-Object Used, Free
    $total = $driveData.Used + $driveData.Free
    $calc = [Math]::Round($driveData.Free / $total, 2)
    $obj.FreeSpace = $calc * 100
    return $obj
}

#capture any connection errors
$remoteFailures = $connectErrors.CategoryInfo `
| Where-Object { $_.Reason -eq 'PSRemotingTransportException' } `
| Select-Object TargetName, @{n = 'ErrorInfo'; E = { $_.Reason } }

#endregion


================================================
FILE: README.md
================================================
# Learn PowerShell

![PowerShell 5.1](https://img.shields.io/badge/PowerShell-5.1-blue.svg) ![PowerShell Core](https://img.shields.io/badge/PowerShell-6+-black.svg) ![PowerShell 7](https://img.shields.io/badge/PowerShell-7+-purple.svg) ![Cross Platform](https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-windows%20%7C%20macos%20%7C%20linux-lightgrey)

## Synopsis

Contains code examples used in the [Learn PowerShell Video & Blog series](https://www.techthoughts.info/learn-powershell-series/) for easy reference.

## Description

[Learn PowerShell Video & Blog series](https://www.techthoughts.info/learn-powershell-series/) is an operationally focused blog and video series designed to get you ramped up and using PowerShell quickly.

The course provides numerous PowerShell examples which can be referenced in the *LearnPowerShell* directory. Examples are broken down by episode.

## Why

To easily reference code examples provided in each episode.

## Accessing the PowerShell course

### Prerequisites

* Access the [Learn PowerShell Video & Blog series](https://www.techthoughts.info/learn-powershell-series/)
* [PowerShell 5.1/6.1+/7+ installed](https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases)

## Author

[Jake Morrison](https://twitter.com/JakeMorrison) - [https://www.techthoughts.info/](https://www.techthoughts.info/)

## Contributors

[Kenneth Carnes](https://twitter.com/kennethcarnes1)

## License

This project is [licensed under the MIT License](LICENSE).