Repository: webary/MySQL_Tools
Branch: master
Commit: 5ac4a886482a
Files: 14
Total size: 38.5 KB

Directory structure:
gitextract_l5wtdj6k/

├── C++封装MySQL数据库连接器类和消息管理类.cpp
├── MySQL常用操作.doc
├── MySQL常用操作及用法.cpp
├── MySQL环境配置.md
├── README.md
├── Untitled Diagram.drawio
├── 备用命令行代码及数据库表/
│   ├── stu.sql
│   ├── workers.sql
│   ├── 打开mysql.bat
│   ├── 打开命令行.bat
│   └── 打开命令行操作mysql.bat
├── 测试连接.cpp
├── 职工管理系统C++.cpp
└── 职工管理系统C.cpp

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FILE CONTENTS
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================================================
FILE: C++封装MySQL数据库连接器类和消息管理类.cpp
================================================
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <ctime>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <windows.h> //必须在包含mysql.h之前包含windows.h
#include <mysql.h>

using std::string;
using std::vector;
using std::endl;

///数据库连接器类,负责连接数据库,并封装基本的数据库相关操作
class DB_Connector {
protected:
    MYSQL* mysql;
public:
    static string host_, user_, passwd_, db_;
public:
    inline DB_Connector();
    inline virtual ~DB_Connector();
    //执行sql语句,成功则返回0,失败返回非0
    inline int query(const string& sql);
    //返回上一次的错误提示
    inline string error();
    //获取结果集,将其保存到二维string数组中
    inline vector<vector<string> > getResult();
};

DB_Connector::DB_Connector()
{
    mysql = mysql_init(NULL);
    if (mysql_real_connect(mysql, host_.c_str(), user_.c_str(),
                           passwd_.c_str(), db_.c_str(), 0, 0, 0) == 0) {
        string err = "Failed to connect database server: " + error();
        throw std::logic_error(err);
    }
    query("set names 'GBK'");//设置字符集,防止中文出现乱码
}

DB_Connector::~DB_Connector()
{
    mysql_close(mysql);
}

//执行sql语句,成功则返回0,失败返回非0
int DB_Connector::query(const string& sql)
{
    return mysql_query(mysql, sql.c_str());
}

//返回上一次的错误提示
string DB_Connector::error()
{
    return mysql_error(mysql);
}

//获取结果集,将其保存到二维string数组中
vector<vector<string> > DB_Connector::getResult()
{
    vector<vector<string> >result;
    MYSQL_RES* res = mysql_store_result(mysql);
    if (res == NULL)
        return result;
    unsigned num = mysql_num_fields(res); //结果集的列数
    for (MYSQL_ROW row; (row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) != NULL;) {
        result.push_back(vector<string>(num));
        for (size_t cur = result.size() - 1, i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
            result[cur][i] = row[i];
        }
    }
    mysql_free_result(res); //释放结果集资源
    return result;
}


///消息管理类
class DB_Msg {
protected:
    DB_Connector db_conn; //数据库连接器对象
    const string tbName;  //要操作的表名
    std::ofstream fsLog;  //日志记录文件流
public:
    inline DB_Msg(const string& _tableName, const string& _logFileName);
    inline virtual ~DB_Msg();
    //添加消息
    inline void push(const string& to, const string& from, const string& msg);
    //获取执行指定sql语句后的结果
    inline vector<vector<string> > getBySql(const string& sql);
    //根据指定sql语句删除相应记录
    inline void removeBySql(const string& sql);
    //获取当前日期和时间,用于更新日志
    inline static string getTime();
protected:
    //创建存储聊天记录的表
    inline void createTable();
};

DB_Msg::DB_Msg(const string& _tableName, const string& _logFileName)
    : tbName(_tableName)
{
    if (_logFileName != "") {
        fsLog.open(_logFileName, std::ios::app);
    }
    createTable();
}

DB_Msg::~DB_Msg()
{
    if (fsLog) {
        fsLog.close();
    }
}
//添加消息
void DB_Msg::push(const string& to, const string& from, const string& msg)
{
    string sql = "insert into " + tbName + "(toUser,fromUser,msg) values('"
                 + to + "','" + from + "','" + msg + "')";
    if (fsLog) {
        fsLog << getTime() << ">>>execute: " + sql << endl;
    }
    if (db_conn.query(sql) != 0 && fsLog) { //执行sql语句失败返回非0
        fsLog << "Failed to insert: " << db_conn.error() << endl;
    }
}
//获取执行指定sql语句后的结果
vector<vector<string> > DB_Msg::getBySql(const string& sql)
{
    vector<vector<string> >result;
    if (fsLog) {
        fsLog << getTime() << ">>>execute: " + sql << endl;
    }
    if (db_conn.query(sql) == 0) {   //执行成功则把结果输出
        result = db_conn.getResult();
    } else if (fsLog) {
        fsLog << "Failed to search: " << db_conn.error() << endl;
    }
    return result;
}
//根据指定sql语句删除相应记录
void DB_Msg::removeBySql(const string& sql)
{
    if (fsLog) {
        fsLog << getTime() << ">>>execute: " << sql << endl;
    }
    if (db_conn.query(sql) != 0 && fsLog) {
        fsLog << "Failed to delete: " << db_conn.error() << endl;
    }
}
//获取当前日期和时间,用于更新日志
inline string DB_Msg::getTime()
{
    char time_buf[64];
    time_t now_time = time(NULL);
    strftime(time_buf, 64, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S ", localtime(&now_time));
    return time_buf;
}
//创建存储聊天记录的表
void DB_Msg::createTable()
{
    db_conn.query("show tables like '" + tbName + "'");
    auto res = db_conn.getResult();
    if (res.size() > 0 && res[0][0] == tbName) {
        return;
    }
    string sql = "CREATE TABLE `" + tbName + "` ("
                 "`id` tinyint(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,"
                 "`toUser` varchar(20) NOT NULL,"
                 "`fromUser` varchar(20) NOT NULL,"
                 "`time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,"
                 "`msg` text NOT NULL,"
                 "PRIMARY KEY (`id`)"
                 ") ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;";
    if (fsLog) {
        fsLog << getTime() << ">>>execute: " << sql << endl;
    }
    if (db_conn.query(sql) != 0 && fsLog) {
        fsLog << "Failed to create: " << db_conn.error() << endl;
    }
}


///离线消息管理类 - 仅用于服务器端
class DB_OfflineMsg : public DB_Msg {
public:
    DB_OfflineMsg(const string& _tableName, const string _logFileName = "")
        : DB_Msg(_tableName, _logFileName)
    {}
    //从离线消息表中得到所有发送给user的消息,提取完后从数据库删除
    inline vector<vector<string> > pop(const string& user);
};

//从离线消息表中得到所有发送给user的消息,提取完后从数据库删除
vector<vector<string> > DB_OfflineMsg::pop(const string& user)
{
    string sql = "select fromUser,time,msg from " + tbName
                 + " where toUser='" + user + "'";
    vector<vector<string> >result = getBySql(sql);
    //删除发给user的所有消息
    if (result.size() > 0) {
        sql = "delete from " + tbName + " where toUser='" + user + "'";
        removeBySql(sql);
    }
    return result;
}

///聊天记录消息管理类
class DB_ChatLogMsg : public DB_Msg {
public:
    //用户名标识用户,日志文件名为空时不建立前缀用于区分是在客户端还是服务器端
    inline DB_ChatLogMsg(const string& _userName, const string _logFileName = "",
                         const string& _prefix = "")
        : DB_Msg(_prefix + "chat_log_" + _userName, _logFileName), userName(_userName)
    {}
    //添加聊天记录消息
    inline void push(const string& userOthers, const string& msg, bool isReceived = 1);
    //添加收到的带时间记录的离线消息
    inline void pushOffline(const string& from, const string& msg, const string& _time);
    //获取消息user发来的或发给user的所有消息
    inline vector<vector<string> > get(const string& user);
    //在该用户的聊天记录中查找与withUser的包含str的消息记录
    inline vector<vector<string> > find(const string& str, const string& withUser = "*");
    //根据传递的用户名删除与对应用户的聊天记录,传入"*"则删除所有记录
    inline void remove(const string& user);
    //获取与当前用户有聊天记录的用户列表
    inline vector<string> getUserWithChatLog();
    //获取当前用户的用户名
    inline const string& getUserName();
protected:
    string userName; //该用户的用户名
};

//添加聊天记录消息
void DB_ChatLogMsg::push(const string& userOthers, const string& msg, bool isReceived)
{
    if (isReceived) { //收到消息
        DB_Msg::push(userName, userOthers, msg);
    } else { //发送消息
        DB_Msg::push(userOthers, userName, msg);
    }
}
//添加收到的带时间记录的离线消息
void DB_ChatLogMsg::pushOffline(const string& from, const string& msg,
                                const string& _time)
{
    string sql = "insert into " + tbName + "(toUser,fromUser,time,msg) values('"
                 + userName + "','" + from + "','" + _time + "','" + msg + "')";
    if (fsLog) {
        fsLog << getTime() << ">>>execute: " + sql << endl;
    }
    if (db_conn.query(sql) != 0 && fsLog) { //执行sql语句失败返回非0
        fsLog << "Failed to insert: " << db_conn.error() << endl;
    }
}
//获取消息user发来的或发给user的所有消息
vector<vector<string> > DB_ChatLogMsg::get(const string& user)
{
    string sql = "select fromUser,time,msg from " + tbName +
                 " where toUser='" + user + "' or fromUser='" + user + "'";
    return getBySql(sql);
}
//在该用户的聊天记录中查找与withUser的包含str的消息记录
vector<vector<string> > DB_ChatLogMsg::find(const string& str, const string& withUser)
{
    string sql = "select fromUser,toUser,time,msg from " + tbName + " where ";
    if (withUser != "*") {
        sql += "(toUser='" + withUser + "' or fromUser='" + withUser + "') and";
    }
    sql += " msg like '%" + str + "%'";
    return getBySql(sql);
}
//根据传递的用户名删除与用户user的聊天记录,传入"*"则删除所有记录
void DB_ChatLogMsg::remove(const string& user)
{
    string sql = "delete from " + tbName;
    if (user != "*") {
        sql += " where toUser='" + user + "' or fromUser='" + user + "'";
    }
    removeBySql(sql);
}
//获取与当前用户有聊天记录的用户列表
vector<string> DB_ChatLogMsg::getUserWithChatLog()
{
    string sql = "select distinct toUser from " + tbName;
    auto users = getBySql(sql);
    std::unordered_map<string, bool> userList;
    for (auto &elem : users) {
        userList[elem[0]];
    }
    sql = "select distinct fromUser from " + tbName;
    users = getBySql(sql);
    for (auto &elem : users) {
        userList[elem[0]];
    }
    userList.erase(userList.find(userName)); //删除用户列表中的自己
    //将结果保存到vector<string>中返回
    vector<string> res;
    res.reserve(userList.size());
    for (auto &it : userList) {
        res.push_back(it.first);
    }
    return res;
}

//获取当前用户的用户名
inline const string& DB_ChatLogMsg::getUserName()
{
    return userName;
}

using std::cout;
//可直接输出查询结果
inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const vector<vector<string> >& res)
{
    if (res.size() == 0) {
        cout << "暂无内容可显示!" << endl;
        return out;
    }
    for (auto &it : res) { //显示提取出的离线消息内容
        for (auto &elem : it) {
            cout << elem << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    return out;
}


string DB_Connector::host_ = "localhost";
string DB_Connector::user_ = "root";
string DB_Connector::passwd_ = "123456";
string DB_Connector::db_ = "mfc_qq";

using namespace std;
int main()
{
    DB_OfflineMsg off_msg("offline_msg", "offileMsg.log");
    off_msg.push("to", "from", "hey");   //存入一条离线消息
    auto res = off_msg.pop("to"); //读取发给该用户的全部离线消息
    cout << res << endl;

    DB_ChatLogMsg clMsg("Bob", "chat_log_Bob.log");
    clMsg.push("Miranda-lym", "hello", 0);
    clMsg.push("Miranda-lym", "hi!", 1);
    clMsg.push("Miranda-lym", "this a test case!", 0);
    clMsg.push("Miranda-lym", "soga,I get it!", 1);
    clMsg.push("John", "what are you doing!", 1);
    cout << clMsg.get("Miranda-lym") << endl;

    cout << "find 'hi':\n" << clMsg.find("hi") << endl;

    auto userList = clMsg.getUserWithChatLog();
    cout << "users that have chated with " <<clMsg.getUserName()<<endl;
         for (auto &elem : userList)
             cout << elem << endl;
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: MySQL常用操作及用法.cpp
================================================
#include <windows.h> //必须在包含mysql.h之前包含windows.h
#include <mysql.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    char SqlText[256] = "";  //将用来保存要执行的SQL语句
    MYSQL *conn = NULL;      //MYSQL句柄类型(任何一个mysql操作都是基于MYSQL这个句柄来操作的)
    MYSQL_RES *res = NULL;   //数据查询结果集
    MYSQL_FIELD * fd = NULL; //MySQL表头域类型
    MYSQL_ROW row;           //一个行数据的类型安全(type-safe)的表示
    conn = mysql_init(NULL); //初始化MYSQL连接
    char  server[20] = "localhost"; //mysql服务器的IP
    char  user[20] = "root";        //用户名
    char  psd[20] = "123456";       ///密码  需要改为自己的密码
    char  dbName[1024] = "test";    ///数据库名 需要改为自己的数据库名
    unsigned short port = 3306;     //服务器端口号,默认3306
    ///建立mysql连接
    if(mysql_real_connect(conn, server, user, psd, dbName, port, NULL, 0)==0) {
        printf("Error connecting to database: %s\n", mysql_error(conn));
    } else {
        puts("数据库连接成功！");
        mysql_query(conn, "set names 'GBK'");//设置字符集,防止中文无法正常显示[可选操作]
        ///下面开始对数据库进行操作
        const char tableName[30] = "UserInfo";//要操作的表名
        //插入
        sprintf(SqlText, "insert into %s(userName,passwd) values('%s','%s')", tableName, "test1", "test1");
        printf(">>>执行: %s\n", SqlText);
        if (mysql_query(conn, SqlText) != 0) { //执行sql语句,执行成功返回0
            printf("Can't insert data to table: ");
            printf("%s\n", mysql_error(conn)); //获取最后一次查询失败的错误提示
        }
        //删除
        sprintf(SqlText, "delete from %s where userName='test1'", tableName);
        printf("将执行删除语句 %s, 按y/Y确认!", SqlText);
        char c = getchar();
        if(c == 'y' || c == 'Y') {
            printf(">>>执行: %s\n", SqlText);
            if (mysql_query(conn, SqlText) != 0) { //执行sql语句
                printf("Can't delete data from table: ");
                printf("%s\n", mysql_error(conn)); //获取最后一次查询失败的错误提示
            }
        }
        //查找
        sprintf(SqlText, "select * from %s where type='0'", tableName);
        if (mysql_query(conn, SqlText)==0) {       //执行成功则把结果输出
            res = mysql_store_result( conn );      //存储查询得到的结果集
            printf(">>>执行: %s\nrecords nums:", SqlText);
            printf("%u\n\n", mysql_num_rows(res)); //获取搜索到的结果集的条数
            //输出数据结果各字段名,即表头被选取的部分
            while((fd = mysql_fetch_field(res)) != NULL) {
                printf("%-10s ", fd->name);
            }
            puts("");
            //打印获取的数据
            int fieldNums = mysql_num_fields(res); //获取数据结果每条记录的列数
            while ((row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) != NULL) { //不断获取下一组结果
                for(int i = 0; i < fieldNums; i++) {
                    printf("%-10s ", row[i]);
                }
                puts("");
            }
            mysql_free_result(res); //释放结果集资源
        } else {
            printf("查询失败: %s\n", mysql_error(conn));
        }
        //修改
        sprintf(SqlText, "update %s set passwd='passwd' where id='2'", tableName);
        printf(">>>执行: %s\n", SqlText);
        if (mysql_query(conn, SqlText) != 0) { //执行sql语句
            printf("Can't update data on table: ");
            printf("%s\n", mysql_error(conn)); //获取最后一次查询失败的错误提示
        }
    }
    mysql_close(conn); //关闭连接，即释放连接
    getchar();
    return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: MySQL环境配置.md
================================================
###最好安装32位的MySQL
*  1.把libmysql.dll复制到C:/windows/system32/  （若是32位系统）和C:/windows/sysWOW64/  （若是64位系统）下

*  2.配置好IDE：<br/>
（1）添加包含目录：【安装位置\MySQL Server 5.6\include】<br/>
（2）添加库目录：【安装位置\MySQL Server 5.6\lib】<br/>
（3）让IDE包含必要的链接库文件：【安装位置\MySQL Server 5.6\lib\libmysql.lib】(vs中一般为‘链接器’-‘输入’-‘附加依赖项’:添加libmysql.lib)

*  3.运行【安装位置\MySQL Server 5.6\bin】目录下的mysqld.exe，注意每次使用前都需要让这个后台运行


================================================
FILE: README.md
================================================
# MySQL_Tools
使用C和C++连接MySQL数据库并进行常用的数据库操作。实现了简单的学生（或职工）信息管理系统，源于大学时的数据库课程设计。

如果觉得有用，欢迎大家star，同时也欢迎fork后贡献代码提交PR


================================================
FILE: Untitled Diagram.drawio
================================================
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================================================
FILE: 备用命令行代码及数据库表/stu.sql
================================================
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer

Source Server         : 测试1
Source Server Version : 50616
Source Host           : localhost:3306
Source Database       : test

Target Server Type    : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50616
File Encoding         : 65001

Date: 2014-05-11 00:37:03
*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
set names utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `stu`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `stu`;
CREATE TABLE `stu` (
  `Sno` char(12) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Sname` char(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `Ssex` char(2) DEFAULT NULL,
  `Sage` smallint(6) DEFAULT NULL,
  `Sdept` char(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`Sno`),
  UNIQUE KEY `Sno` (`Sno`),
  UNIQUE KEY `Sno_2` (`Sno`),
  UNIQUE KEY `Sname` (`Sname`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of stu
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `stu` VALUES ('121031325', '卫', '男', '22', '计算机学院');
INSERT INTO `stu` VALUES ('121031329', '闻', '男', '20', '计算机学院');
INSERT INTO `stu` VALUES ('121031323', '文', '男', '21', '计算机学院');
INSERT INTO `stu` VALUES ('121031324', '罗', '男', '21', '计算机学院');
INSERT INTO `stu` VALUES ('121031326', '郭王', '男', '22', '计算机学院');


================================================
FILE: 备用命令行代码及数据库表/workers.sql
================================================
drop table if exists workers;
CREATE TABLE `workers` (
  编号 char(12) NOT NULL,
  姓名 char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  性别 char(2) DEFAULT '男' check(Wsex in('男','女')),
  出生年月 char(8) DEFAULT NULL,
  工作月数 int(11) DEFAULT '0' check(WworkTime>=0),
  学历 char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  职务 char(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  住址 char(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  电话 char(12) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (编号)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;

INSERT INTO `workers` VALUES ('001', '甲', '男', '1993.2', '1', '本科', '普通员工', '北京', '010-1111111');
INSERT INTO `workers` VALUES ('002', '乙', '女', '1990.3', '16', '本科', '主管', '北京', '010-1111222');
INSERT INTO `workers` VALUES ('003', '丙', '男', '1992.2', '1', '本科', '普通员工', '武汉', '027-1234123');
INSERT INTO `workers` VALUES ('004', '丁', '女', '1993.1', '3', '本科', '普通员工', '武汉', '027-1234567');


================================================
FILE: 备用命令行代码及数据库表/打开mysql.bat
================================================
mysql -h localhost -u root -p php_db1 < stu.sql
pause
select * from stu;

================================================
FILE: 备用命令行代码及数据库表/打开命令行.bat
================================================
cmd.exe

================================================
FILE: 备用命令行代码及数据库表/打开命令行操作mysql.bat
================================================
mysql -h localhost -u root -p test


show databases;
use test;
show tables;
describe stu;
select * from stu;

================================================
FILE: 测试连接.cpp
================================================
#include <stdio.h>
#include <winsock.h>
#include <mysql.h>
#include <string.h>
#pragma comment( lib, "libmysql.lib")

int main()
{
/// 例子1
    puts("测试1...(链接)");
    //MYSQL句柄   (任何一个mysql操作都是基于MYSQL这个句柄来操作的)
    MYSQL* link_ = mysql_init(NULL);             //初始化MYSQL句柄
    //设置超时时间(链接超时时间，查询超时时间，写数据库超时时间)
    int  timeout =  3;                      //超时时间设置为3秒
    if(link_ != NULL) {
        mysql_options(link_,MYSQL_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT,(const char *)&timeout);
        //设置链接超时时间.
        mysql_options(link_,MYSQL_OPT_READ_TIMEOUT,(const char *)&timeout);
        //设置查询数据库(select)超时时间
        mysql_options(link_,MYSQL_OPT_WRITE_TIMEOUT,(const char *)&timeout);
        //设置写数据库(update,delect,insert,replace等)的超时时间。
    }
    //真正建立mysql链接
    char  host_name[1024] = "localhost";		//mysql服务器的IP
    char  user_name[1024] = "root";				//用户名
    char  user_password[1024] = "123456";		///密码		需要改为自己的密码
    char  server_name[1024] = "test";			///数据库名	需要改为自己的数据库名
    unsigned short host_port = 3306;			//服务器端口

    if(!mysql_real_connect(link_,host_name,user_name,user_password,server_name,host_port,NULL,0)) {
        //失败处理
        int error_code  =  mysql_errno(link_);            //获取错误码
        //针对不同的错误码error_code，还应该做不同的处理
        mysql_close(link_);                           //释放句柄
        printf("链接建立失败! :%s\n",mysql_error(link_));
    } else {
        puts("链接建立成功");
        //链接建立成功，可以进行具体的操作(select   insert    delete   update  replace等）
    }
/// 例子2，可以和上面一个例子分开运行
    puts("\n测试2...(链接并查询)");
    char SqlText[256] = "";
    MYSQL mysql;
    MYSQL_RES *res = NULL;
    MYSQL_FIELD * fd = NULL;
    MYSQL_ROW row;
    int i = 0;

    mysql_init( &mysql );

    if ( !mysql_real_connect( &mysql, "localhost", "root",
                              "123456", "test", 3306, NULL, 0) ) {
        puts("数据库连接失败");
        printf( "Error connecting to database: %s\n",mysql_error(&mysql));
        mysql_close( &mysql );
        return FALSE;
    } else {
        puts("数据库连接成功");
        mysql_query(&mysql,"set names 'GBK'");//设置字符集，防止中文无法正常显示
        sprintf( SqlText, "insert into animals(name, kg) values ('chicken',6), ('dog', 4)");
        if ( !mysql_query(&mysql, SqlText ) ) {        //insert失败
            printf("Can't insert data to table: ");
            printf("%s\n", mysql_error(&mysql));
            mysql_close( &mysql );
            return FALSE;
        }
        sprintf( SqlText, "select * from %s","stu");	///stu需要改为自己的数据库中对应的表名
        //进行数据检索
        if ( !mysql_query(&mysql, SqlText )) {
            res = mysql_store_result( &mysql );
            i = (int)mysql_num_rows( res );
            printf("Query: %s\n%d records found:\n", SqlText, i );
            //输出各字段名
            for (; fd = mysql_fetch_field(res);)
                printf("%-*s\t",50/mysql_num_fields(res), fd->name );
            puts("");

            //打印获取的数据
            MYSQL_ROW row; //一个行数据的类型安全(type-safe)的表示
            while (row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) {    //获取下一行
                for(int i=0; i<mysql_num_fields(res); i++)
                    printf("%-*s",80/mysql_num_fields(res),row[i]);
                puts("");
            }
            mysql_free_result( res );
        } else {
            printf("查询失败: %s\n",mysql_error(&mysql));
            puts("请更改66行表名");
            mysql_close( &mysql );
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    mysql_close(&mysql);
    getchar();
    return TRUE;
}


================================================
FILE: 职工管理系统C++.cpp
================================================
#include <windows.h>
#include <mysql.h>
#include <conio.h>  //getche(),getch()
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;

class DB_worker {
public:
    DB_worker(const char* tb = "stu");
    ~DB_worker();
    void showMenu();
    void addRecord();
    void deleteRecord();
    void searchRecord();
    void modifyRecord();
    void sortRecord();
    void showAllRecord(int saveToFile = 0);
private:
    bool executeQuery(const char*s = 0, int show = 1, const char* todo = "select *", int saveToFile = 0);
    bool createConnection();
    void printDateTime(FILE * fp);
private:
    char column[20][30]; //存储属性名称
    FILE *fpLog;         //存储日志记录
    char info[10][50];   //临时存放当前键入的属性值
    MYSQL *conn;         //mysql连接
    MYSQL_RES *res;      //这个结构代表返回的一个查询结果集
    int num_fields;      //结果集中的列数
    char query[1024];    //查询语句
    char tableName[20];  //表名
};

int main()
{
    system("color fd");
    DB_worker workers("workers");
    workers.showAllRecord();
    workers.showMenu();
    return 0;
}
//构造函数中连接数据库
DB_worker::DB_worker(const char*tb)
{
    fpLog = fopen("log.txt", "a+");
    strcpy(tableName, tb);
    if (!createConnection()) {
        cout << "数据库连接失败,请检查连接后重试！" << endl;
        system("pause");
        exit(-1);
    }
}
//释放连接和其他资源
DB_worker::~DB_worker()
{
    mysql_free_result(res);
    mysql_close(conn);
    fclose(fpLog);
}

void DB_worker::showMenu()
{
    char c = 1;
    while (c != '0') {
        showAllRecord(1);
        for (int j = 0; j < 65; j++)
            cout << "☆";
        cout << endl;
        cout << "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1.新增一名职工\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2.删除一名职工\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t"
             "3.查找\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4.修改\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t5.排序\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t"
             "6.显示所有\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t0.退出" << endl;
        for (int j = 0; j < 65; j++)
            cout << "☆";
        cout << endl;
        cout << endl << "请选择: ";
        do {
            c = getche();
            cout << "\r\t\t\t\r" << c << ":";
            switch (c) {
                case '1':
                    addRecord();
                    break;
                case '2':
                    deleteRecord();
                    break;
                case '3':
                    searchRecord();
                    break;
                case '4':
                    modifyRecord();
                    break;
                case '5':
                    sortRecord();
                    break;
                case '6':
                    showAllRecord();
                    break;
                case '0':
                    break;
                default:
                    cout << "\r输入错误，请重新输入:";
            }
        } while (c < '0' || c > '6');
        cout << endl;
        fclose(fpLog);
        fpLog = fopen("log.txt", "a+");
    }
}
void DB_worker::addRecord()
{
    sprintf(query, "insert into %s values ('", tableName);
    cout << "请输入 " << column[0] << ": ";
    cin >> info[0];
    strcat(query, info[0]);
    for (int i = 1; i < num_fields; i++) {
        cout << "请输入 " << column[i] << ": ";
        cin >> info[i];
        strcat(query, "','");
        strcat(query, info[i]);
    }
    strcat(query, "')");
    printDateTime(fpLog);
    if (mysql_query(conn, query)) {     //执行SQL语句
        printf("添加失败 (%s)\n", mysql_error(conn));
        fprintf(fpLog, "Error: %s (%s)\n", query, mysql_error(conn));   //增加日志
    } else {
        puts("添加成功");
        fprintf(fpLog, "%s\n", query);      //增加日志
    }
}
void DB_worker::deleteRecord()
{
    char temp[128];
    cout << "请输入需要删除的" << column[0] << ": ";
    cin >> info[0];
    sprintf(temp, "where %s='%s'", column[0], info[0]);
    if (executeQuery(temp)) {     //执行SQL语句
        cout << "确定删除该元组？(1或y确认):";
        char c = getch();
        if (c == '1' || c == 'y' || c == 'Y') {
            printDateTime(fpLog);
            if (executeQuery(temp, 1, "delete")) {
                puts("删除成功");
                fprintf(fpLog, "%s\n", query);      //增加日志
            } else {
                printf("删除失败 (%s)\n", mysql_error(conn));
                fprintf(fpLog, "Error: %s (%s)\n", query, mysql_error(conn));   //增加日志
            }
        } else
            cout << "已取消删除" << endl;
    } else {
        printDateTime(fpLog);
        puts("删除失败 (该元组不存在)");
        fprintf(fpLog, "Error: %s : 该元组不存在\n", query);      //增加日志
    }
}
void DB_worker::searchRecord()
{
    cout << "请选择查找方式:\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)
        cout << i + 1 << "." << column[i] << "  ";
    char c = getch();
    if (c > 48 && c < 49 + num_fields) {
        cout << "\n请输入需要查找的" << column[c - 49] << ": ";
        cin >> info[0];
        char temp[128];
        sprintf(temp, "where %s='%s'", column[c - 49], info[0]);
        executeQuery(temp);
    }
}
void DB_worker::modifyRecord()
{
    cout << "请选择需要修改元组的限制属性:\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)
        cout << i + 1 << "." << column[i] << "  ";
    char sel = getch();
    char temp[128];
    if (sel > 48 && sel < 49 + num_fields) {
        cout << "\r\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r请输入限制元组的" << column[sel - 49] << ": ";
        cin >> info[0];
        sprintf(temp, "where %s='%s'", column[sel - 49], info[0]);
        if (executeQuery(temp)) {
            cout << "请选择需要修改的属性:\n";
            for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)
                cout << i + 1 << "." << column[i] << "  ";
            sel = getch();
            if (sel > 48 && sel < 49 + num_fields) {
                cout << "\r\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r请输入新的" << column[sel - 49] << ": ";
                cin >> info[0];
                sprintf(query, "update %s set %s='%s' %s", tableName,
                        column[sel - 49], info[0], temp);
                printDateTime(fpLog);
                if (mysql_query(conn, query)) {     //执行SQL语句
                    printf("修改失败 (%s)\n", mysql_error(conn));
                    fprintf(fpLog, "Error: %s (%s)\n", query, mysql_error(conn)); //增加日志
                } else {
                    puts("修改成功");
                    fprintf(fpLog, "%s\n", query);  //增加日志
                }
            }
        } else
            cout << "未搜索到可修改项，建议更改修改限制属性" << endl;
    }
}
void DB_worker::sortRecord()
{
    cout << "请选择排序方式:\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)
        cout << i + 1 << "." << column[i] << "  ";
    char c = getch();
    if (c > 48 && c < 49 + num_fields) {
        char temp[128], way[5] = "asc";
        cout << "\r\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r以" << column[c - 49]
             << "降序排序请按1或y,按q取消排序,其他键将按升序排序: ";
        char c2 = getch();
        cout << "\r\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r按" << column[c - 49];
        if (c2 == 'q' || c2 == 'Q') {
            cout << "\r\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r已取消排序" << endl;
            return;
        } else if (c2 == '1' || c2 == 'y' || c2 == 'Y') {
            strcpy(way, "desc");
            cout << "降序排序" << endl;
        } else
            cout << "升序排序" << endl;
        sprintf(temp, "order by %s %s", column[c - 49], way);
        if (executeQuery(temp)) {
            printDateTime(fpLog);
            fprintf(fpLog, "%s\n", query);
        }
    }
}
void DB_worker::showAllRecord(int saveToFile)
{
    executeQuery(0, 1, "select *", saveToFile);
}
//连接数据库
bool DB_worker::createConnection()
{
    int result = 1;
    conn = mysql_init(0);  //初始化mysql，连接数据库
    //此处密码字段可以根据具体环境修改参数
    if (!mysql_real_connect(conn, "localhost", "root", "123456", "test", 0, NULL, 0)) {
        printf( "Error connecting to database:%s\n", mysql_error(conn));
        result = 0;
    } else {
        printf("Connected successful\n");
        int timeout =  2;      //设置查询超时时长
        if (conn != NULL) {
            //设置链接超时时间.
            mysql_options(conn, MYSQL_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, (const char *)&timeout);
            //设置查询数据库(select)超时时间
            mysql_options(conn, MYSQL_OPT_READ_TIMEOUT, (const char *)&timeout);
            //设置写数据库(update,delect,insert,replace等)的超时时间。
            mysql_options(conn, MYSQL_OPT_WRITE_TIMEOUT, (const char *)&timeout);
        }
        mysql_query(conn, "set names 'GBK'"); //设置字符集，防止中文无法正常显示
        //抽取表头信息并保存到column[]
        sprintf(query, "select * from %s ", tableName);
        mysql_query(conn, query);
        res = mysql_store_result(conn);
        //必须对返回的指针进行校验，否则如果没有这个表，会导致程序崩溃！！
        //必须养成校验返回值的习惯，特别是对返回的是指针的情况
        if (res != NULL) {
            num_fields = mysql_num_fields(res);
            //获取各字段的表头名称
            for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)
                strcpy(column[i], mysql_fetch_field(res)->name);
            puts("");
        }
    }
    puts("————————————————————\n");
    return result;
}
//建立查询
bool DB_worker::executeQuery(const char*s, int show, const char* todo, int saveToFile)
{
    sprintf(query, "%s from %s ", todo, tableName);
    if (s != NULL && s[0] != '\0') // 连接上条件语句
        strcat(query, s);
    if (mysql_query(conn, query)) {     //执行SQL语句
        printf("Query failed (%s)\n", mysql_error(conn));
        return 0;
    } else if (strcmp(todo, "delete") == 0)
        return 1;
    //获取结果集
    if (!(res = mysql_store_result(conn))) { //获得sql语句结束后返回的结果集
        printf("Couldn't get result from %s\n", mysql_error(conn));
        return 0;
    }
    //打印结果数
    int affect = mysql_affected_rows(conn);
    if (show) {
        if (!saveToFile)
            printf(">>>职工表中————共查询到 %d 组结果<<<\n", affect);
        //获取字段的信息
        if (affect > 0) {
            if (saveToFile)
                freopen("data.txt", "w", stdout);
            for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)
                printf("%-*s", 130 / num_fields, column[i]);
            puts("");
            //打印获取的数据
            MYSQL_ROW row; //一个行数据的类型安全(type-safe)的表示
            while (row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) {    //获取下一行
                for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++)
                    printf("%-*s", 130 / num_fields, row[i]);
                puts("");
            }
            if (saveToFile) {
                freopen("CON", "w", stdout);
                return true;
            }
        }
    }
    puts("————————————————————\n");
    return affect;
}
//在日志文件中打印当前日期和时间
void DB_worker::printDateTime(FILE * fp)
{
    time_t now_time = time(NULL);
    struct tm *newtime = localtime(&now_time);
    char tmpbuf[128];
    static int first = 1;
    if (first) {
        strftime(tmpbuf, 128, "\n******%Y/%m/%d******\n", newtime);
        fprintf(fp, tmpbuf);
        first = 0;
    }
    strftime(tmpbuf, 128, "%H:%M:%S    ", newtime);
    fprintf(fp, tmpbuf);
}


================================================
FILE: 职工管理系统C.cpp
================================================
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <mysql.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstring>
#include <conio.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
char column[20][30];	//洢
FILE *fplog;
char info[10][50];		//ʱŵǰֵ
MYSQL mysql, *sock;		//mysql
MYSQL_RES *res;			//ṹеһѯ
int num_fields;			//е
char query[1024];		//ѯ
char tableName[20];		//

bool QueryDatabase(const char*s=0,int show=1,const char* todo="select * ");
bool ConnectDatabase();
void printDateTime(FILE * fp);
void DB(const char* tb = "worker");
void close();
void Choose();
void Add();
void Delete();
void Search();
void Modify();
void Sort();
void ShowAll();

int main() {
	DB("workers");
    ShowAll();
    Choose();
    close();
    return 0;
}

void Choose() {
    char c;
    while(c!='0') {
        cout<<setfill('*')<<setw(80)<<"*"<<endl;
        cout<<"1.\n2.ɾ\n3.\n4.޸\n5.\n6.ʾ\n0.˳"<<endl;
        cout<<setfill('*')<<setw(80)<<"*"<<endl<<"ѡ: ";
        do {
            c=getche();
            cout<<"\r\t\t\t\r"<<c<<":";
            switch(c) {
            case '1':
                Add();
                break;
            case '2':
                Delete();
                break;
            case '3':
                Search();
                break;
            case '4':
                Modify();
                break;
            case '5':
                Sort();
                break;
            case '6':
                ShowAll();
                break;
            case '0':
                break;
            default:
                cout<<"\r:  \b\b";
            }
        } while(c<'0' || c>'6');
        cout<<endl;
        fclose(fplog);
        fplog = fopen("log.txt","a+");
    }
}

void Add() {
    sprintf(query, "insert into %s values ('",tableName);
    cout<<" "<<column[0]<<": ";
    cin>>info[0];
    strcat(query,info[0]);
    for(int i=1; i<num_fields; i++) {
        cout<<" "<<column[i]<<": ";
        cin>>info[i];
        strcat(query,"','");
        strcat(query,info[i]);
    }
    strcat(query,"')");
    printDateTime(fplog);
    if(mysql_query(sock, query)) {      //ִSQL
        printf("ʧ (%s)\n",mysql_error(sock));
        fprintf(fplog,"Error: %s (%s)\n",query,mysql_error(sock));		//־
    } else {
        puts("ӳɹ");
        fprintf(fplog,"%s\n",query);		//־
    }
}
void Delete() {
    char temp[128];
    cout<<"Ҫɾ"<<column[0]<<": ";
    cin>>info[0];
    sprintf(temp,"where %s='%s'",column[0],info[0]);
    if(QueryDatabase(temp)) {      //ִSQL
        cout<<"ȷɾԪ飿(1yȷ):";
        char c=getch();
        if(c=='1' || c=='y' || c=='Y') {
            printDateTime(fplog);
            if(QueryDatabase(temp,1,"delete")) {
                puts("ɾɹ");
                fprintf(fplog,"%s\n",query);		//־
            } else {
                printf("ɾʧ (%s)\n",mysql_error(sock));
                fprintf(fplog,"Error: %s (%s)\n",query,mysql_error(sock));		//־
            }
        } else
            cout<<"ȡɾ"<<endl;
    } else {
        printDateTime(fplog);
        puts("ɾʧ (Ԫ鲻)");
        fprintf(fplog,"Error: %s : Ԫ鲻\n",query);		//־
    }
}
void Search() {
    cout<<"ѡҷʽ:\n";
    for(int i=0; i<num_fields; i++)
        cout<<i+1<<"."<<column[i]<<"  ";
    char c=getch();
    if(c>48 && c<49+num_fields) {
        cout<<"\nҪҵ"<<column[c-49]<<": ";
        cin>>info[0];
        char temp[128];
        sprintf(temp,"where %s='",column[c-49]);
        strcat(temp,info[0]);
        strcat(temp,"'");
        QueryDatabase(temp);
    }
}
void Modify() {
    cout<<"ѡҪ޸ĵ:\n";
    for(int i=0; i<num_fields; i++)
        cout<<i+1<<"."<<column[i]<<"  ";
    char c=getch();
    char temp[128];
    if(c>48 && c<49+num_fields) {
        cout<<"\nԵ"<<column[c-49]<<": ";
        cin>>info[0];
        sprintf(temp,"where %s='%s'",column[c-49],info[0]);
        if(QueryDatabase(temp)) {
            cout<<"ѡҪ޸ĵ:\n";
            for(int i=0; i<num_fields; i++)
                cout<<i+1<<"."<<column[i]<<"    ";
            char c=getch();
            if(c>48 && c<49+num_fields) {
                cout<<"\nµ"<<column[c-49]<<": ";
                cin>>info[0];
                sprintf(query, "update %s set %s='%s' %s",tableName,column[c-49],info[0],temp);
                printDateTime(fplog);
                if(mysql_query(sock, query)) {      //ִSQL
                    printf("޸ʧ (%s)\n",mysql_error(sock));
                    fprintf(fplog,"Error: %s (%s)\n",query,mysql_error(sock));	//־
                } else {
                    puts("޸ijɹ");
                    fprintf(fplog,"%s\n",query);	//־
                }
            }
        } else
            cout<<"δ޸޸"<<endl;
    }
}
void Sort() {
    cout<<"ѡʽ:\n";
    for(int i=0; i<num_fields; i++)
        cout<<i+1<<"."<<column[i]<<"  ";
    char c=getch();
    if(c>48 && c<49+num_fields) {
        char temp[128], way[5]="asc";
        cout<<"\r"<<column[c-49]<<"밴1y,qȡ,: ";
        char c2=getch();
        cout<<"\r\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r"<<column[c-49];
        if(c2=='q' || c2=='Q') {
            cout<<"\r\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\rȡ"<<endl;
            return;
        } else if(c2=='1' || c2=='y' || c2=='Y') {
            strcpy(way,"desc");
            cout<<""<<endl;
        } else
            cout<<""<<endl;
        sprintf(temp,"order by %s %s",column[c-49],way);
        if(QueryDatabase(temp)) {
            printDateTime(fplog);
            fprintf(fplog,"%s\n",query);
        }
    }
}
void ShowAll() {
    QueryDatabase();
}
//ݿ
bool ConnectDatabase() {
    int result = 1;
    mysql_init(&mysql);  //ʼmysqlݿ
    if (!(sock = mysql_real_connect(&mysql,"localhost", "root", 0, "test",0,NULL,0))) {
        printf( "Error connecting to database:%s\n",mysql_error(&mysql));
        result = 0;
    } else {
        printf("Connected successful\n");
        mysql_query(sock,"set names 'GBK'");//ַֹ޷ʾ
        sprintf(query, "select * from %s ",tableName);
        mysql_query(sock, query);
        res = mysql_store_result(sock);
        num_fields = mysql_num_fields(res);
        //ȡֶεϢ
        for(int i=0; i<num_fields; i++)
            strcpy(column[i], mysql_fetch_field(res)->name);
        puts("");
    }
    puts("\n");
    return result;
}

//ѯ
bool QueryDatabase(const char*s,int show,const char* todo) {
    int result = 1;
    sprintf(query, "%s from %s ",todo,tableName);
    if(s)
        strcat(query,s);
    if(mysql_query(sock, query)) {      //ִSQL
        printf("Query failed (%s)\n",mysql_error(sock));
        return 0;
    } else if(strcmp(todo,"delete")==0)
        return 1;
    //ȡ
    if (!(res=mysql_store_result(sock))) {  //sql󷵻صĽ
        printf("Couldn't get result from %s\n", mysql_error(sock));
        return 0;
    }
    //ӡ
    int affect = mysql_affected_rows(sock);
    if(show) {
        printf(">>>ѯ %d <<<\n",affect);
        //ȡֶεϢ
        if(affect>0) {
            for(int i=0; i<num_fields; i++)
                printf("%-*s",80/num_fields,column[i]);
            puts("");
            //ӡȡ
            MYSQL_ROW row; //һݵͰȫ(type-safe)ıʾ
            while (row = mysql_fetch_row(res)) {    //ȡһ
                for(int i=0; i<num_fields; i++)
                    printf("%-*s",80/num_fields,row[i]);
                puts("");
            }
        }
    }
    puts("\n");
    return affect;
}

void printDateTime(FILE * fp) {
    time_t now_time=time(NULL);
    struct tm *newtime=localtime(&now_time);
    char tmpbuf[128];
    static int first = 1;
    if(first) {
        strftime(tmpbuf,128,"\n******%Y/%m/%d******\n",newtime);
        fprintf(fp,tmpbuf);
        first = 0;
    }
    strftime(tmpbuf,128,"%H:%M:%S    ",newtime);
    fprintf(fp,tmpbuf);
}

void DB(const char*tb) {
    fplog = fopen("log.txt","a+");
    strcpy(tableName,tb);
    if(!ConnectDatabase()) {
        cout<<"ݿʧ,Ӻԣ"<<endl;
        system("pause");
        exit(-1);
    }
}
//ͷԴ
void close() {
    mysql_free_result(res);
    mysql_close(sock);
    fclose(fplog);
}