Repository: yhirose/cpp-httplib
Branch: master
Commit: 45820de3327c
Files: 178
Total size: 5.1 MB

Directory structure:
gitextract_7tv2227u/

├── .gitattributes
├── .github/
│   └── workflows/
│       ├── abidiff.yaml
│       ├── cifuzz.yaml
│       ├── docs.yml
│       ├── release-docker.yml
│       ├── test-32bit.yml
│       ├── test.yaml
│       ├── test_benchmark.yaml
│       ├── test_no_exceptions.yaml
│       ├── test_offline.yaml
│       └── test_proxy.yaml
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── Dockerfile
├── LICENSE
├── README-sse.md
├── README-stream.md
├── README-websocket.md
├── README.md
├── benchmark/
│   ├── Makefile
│   ├── cpp-httplib/
│   │   └── main.cpp
│   └── crow/
│       ├── crow_all.h
│       └── main.cpp
├── cmake/
│   ├── FindBrotli.cmake
│   ├── httplibConfig.cmake.in
│   └── modules.cmake
├── docker/
│   ├── html/
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── main.cc
├── docker-compose.yml
├── docs-src/
│   ├── config.toml
│   └── pages/
│       ├── en/
│       │   ├── cookbook/
│       │   │   └── index.md
│       │   ├── index.md
│       │   ├── llm-app/
│       │   │   └── index.md
│       │   └── tour/
│       │       ├── 01-getting-started.md
│       │       ├── 02-basic-client.md
│       │       ├── 03-basic-server.md
│       │       ├── 04-static-file-server.md
│       │       ├── 05-tls-setup.md
│       │       ├── 06-https-client.md
│       │       ├── 07-https-server.md
│       │       ├── 08-websocket.md
│       │       ├── 09-whats-next.md
│       │       └── index.md
│       └── ja/
│           ├── cookbook/
│           │   └── index.md
│           ├── index.md
│           ├── llm-app/
│           │   └── index.md
│           └── tour/
│               ├── 01-getting-started.md
│               ├── 02-basic-client.md
│               ├── 03-basic-server.md
│               ├── 04-static-file-server.md
│               ├── 05-tls-setup.md
│               ├── 06-https-client.md
│               ├── 07-https-server.md
│               ├── 08-websocket.md
│               ├── 09-whats-next.md
│               └── index.md
├── example/
│   ├── Dockerfile.hello
│   ├── Makefile
│   ├── accept_header.cc
│   ├── benchmark.cc
│   ├── ca-bundle.crt
│   ├── client.cc
│   ├── client.vcxproj
│   ├── example.sln
│   ├── hello.cc
│   ├── one_time_request.cc
│   ├── redirect.cc
│   ├── server.cc
│   ├── server.vcxproj
│   ├── server_and_client.cc
│   ├── simplecli.cc
│   ├── simplesvr.cc
│   ├── ssecli-stream.cc
│   ├── ssecli.cc
│   ├── ssesvr.cc
│   ├── upload.cc
│   ├── uploader.sh
│   └── wsecho.cc
├── generate_module.py
├── httplib.h
├── justfile
├── meson.build
├── meson_options.txt
├── split.py
└── test/
    ├── CMakeLists.txt
    ├── Makefile
    ├── ca-bundle.crt
    ├── fuzzing/
    │   ├── CMakeLists.txt
    │   ├── Makefile
    │   ├── corpus/
    │   │   ├── 1
    │   │   ├── 2
    │   │   ├── 3
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-5042094968537088
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-5372331946541056
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-5386708825800704
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-5667822731132928
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-5886572146327552
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-5942767436562432
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-6007379124158464
    │   │   ├── clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-6508706672541696
    │   │   └── issue1264
    │   ├── server_fuzzer.cc
    │   ├── server_fuzzer.dict
    │   └── standalone_fuzz_target_runner.cpp
    ├── gen-certs.sh
    ├── gtest/
    │   ├── include/
    │   │   └── gtest/
    │   │       ├── gtest-assertion-result.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-death-test.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-matchers.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-message.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-param-test.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-printers.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-spi.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-test-part.h
    │   │       ├── gtest-typed-test.h
    │   │       ├── gtest.h
    │   │       ├── gtest_pred_impl.h
    │   │       ├── gtest_prod.h
    │   │       └── internal/
    │   │           ├── custom/
    │   │           │   ├── README.md
    │   │           │   ├── gtest-port.h
    │   │           │   ├── gtest-printers.h
    │   │           │   └── gtest.h
    │   │           ├── gtest-death-test-internal.h
    │   │           ├── gtest-filepath.h
    │   │           ├── gtest-internal.h
    │   │           ├── gtest-param-util.h
    │   │           ├── gtest-port-arch.h
    │   │           ├── gtest-port.h
    │   │           ├── gtest-string.h
    │   │           └── gtest-type-util.h
    │   └── src/
    │       ├── gtest-all.cc
    │       ├── gtest-assertion-result.cc
    │       ├── gtest-death-test.cc
    │       ├── gtest-filepath.cc
    │       ├── gtest-internal-inl.h
    │       ├── gtest-matchers.cc
    │       ├── gtest-port.cc
    │       ├── gtest-printers.cc
    │       ├── gtest-test-part.cc
    │       ├── gtest-typed-test.cc
    │       ├── gtest.cc
    │       └── gtest_main.cc
    ├── include_httplib.cc
    ├── include_windows_h.cc
    ├── lsan_suppressions.txt
    ├── make-shared-library.sh
    ├── meson.build
    ├── proxy/
    │   ├── Dockerfile
    │   ├── basic_passwd
    │   ├── basic_squid.conf
    │   ├── digest_passwd
    │   ├── digest_squid.conf
    │   ├── docker-compose.ci.yml
    │   └── docker-compose.yml
    ├── test.cc
    ├── test.conf
    ├── test.rootCA.conf
    ├── test.sln
    ├── test.vcxproj
    ├── test_32bit_build.cpp
    ├── test_benchmark.cc
    ├── test_proxy.cc
    ├── test_thread_pool.cc
    ├── test_websocket_heartbeat.cc
    ├── www/
    │   ├── dir/
    │   │   ├── 1MB.txt
    │   │   ├── index.html
    │   │   ├── meson.build
    │   │   ├── test.abcde
    │   │   └── test.html
    │   ├── empty_file
    │   ├── file
    │   ├── meson.build
    │   └── 日本語Dir/
    │       ├── meson.build
    │       └── 日本語File.txt
    ├── www2/
    │   └── dir/
    │       ├── index.html
    │       ├── meson.build
    │       └── test.html
    └── www3/
        └── dir/
            ├── index.html
            ├── meson.build
            └── test.html

================================================
FILE CONTENTS
================================================

================================================
FILE: .gitattributes
================================================
/test/www*/dir/*.html text eol=lf
/test/www*/dir/*.txt text eol=lf

================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/abidiff.yaml
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Andrea Pappacoda <andrea@pappacoda.it>
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

name: abidiff

on: [push, pull_request]

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

defaults:
  run:
    shell: sh

jobs:
  abi:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name
    container:
      image: debian:testing

    steps:
    - name: Install dependencies
      run: apt -y --update install --no-install-recommends
        abigail-tools
        ca-certificates
        g++
        git
        libbrotli-dev
        libssl-dev
        libzstd-dev
        meson
        pkg-config
        python3
        zlib1g-dev

    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      with:
        path: current

    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      with:
        path: previous
        fetch-depth: 0

    - name: Checkout previous
      working-directory: previous
      run: |
        git switch master
        git describe --tags --abbrev=0 master | xargs git checkout

    - name: Build current
      working-directory: current
      run: |
        meson setup --buildtype=debug -Dcpp-httplib_compile=true build
        ninja -C build

    - name: Build previous
      working-directory: previous
      run: |
        meson setup --buildtype=debug -Dcpp-httplib_compile=true build
        ninja -C build

    - name: Run abidiff
      run: abidiff
        --headers-dir1 previous/build
        --headers-dir2 current/build
        previous/build/libcpp-httplib.so
        current/build/libcpp-httplib.so


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/cifuzz.yaml
================================================
name: CIFuzz

on: [pull_request]

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

jobs:
  Fuzzing:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - name: Build Fuzzers
      id: build
      uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/build_fuzzers@master
      with:
        oss-fuzz-project-name: 'cpp-httplib'
        dry-run: false
        language: c++
    - name: Run Fuzzers
      uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/run_fuzzers@master
      with:
        oss-fuzz-project-name: 'cpp-httplib'
        fuzz-seconds: 600
        dry-run: false
        language: c++
    - name: Upload Crash
      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
      if: failure() && steps.build.outcome == 'success'
      with:
        name: artifacts
        path: ./out/artifacts


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/docs.yml
================================================
name: docs
on:
  push:
    branches: [master]
    paths:
      - 'docs-src/**'
permissions:
  contents: read
  pages: write
  id-token: write
concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true
jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    environment:
      name: github-pages
      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
      - name: Install docs-gen
        run: cargo install docs-gen
      - name: Build
        run: docs-gen build docs-src docs
      - uses: actions/configure-pages@v5
      - uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
        with:
          path: docs
      - id: deployment
        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/release-docker.yml
================================================
name: Release Docker Image

on:
  release:
    types: [published]
  workflow_dispatch:

jobs:
  build-and-push:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0  # Fetch all history and tags

      - name: Extract tag (manual)
        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
        id: set_tag_manual
        run: |
          # Checkout the latest tag and set output
          git fetch --tags
          LATEST_TAG=$(git describe --tags --abbrev=0)
          git checkout $LATEST_TAG
          echo "tag=${LATEST_TAG#v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

      - name: Extract tag (release)
        if: github.event_name == 'release'
        id: set_tag_release
        run: echo "tag=${GITHUB_REF_NAME#v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3

      - name: Log in to Docker Hub
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}

      - name: Build and push Docker image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          file: ./Dockerfile
          push: true
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64  # Build for both amd64 and arm64
          # Use extracted tag without leading 'v'
          tags: |
            yhirose4dockerhub/cpp-httplib-server:latest
            yhirose4dockerhub/cpp-httplib-server:${{ steps.set_tag_manual.outputs.tag || steps.set_tag_release.outputs.tag }}


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/test-32bit.yml
================================================
name: 32-bit Build Test

on:
  push:
    branches: [master]
  pull_request:
    branches: [master]
  workflow_dispatch:

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

jobs:
  test-win32:
    name: Windows 32-bit (MSVC x86)
    runs-on: windows-latest
    timeout-minutes: 10
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Build (Win32)
        shell: cmd
        run: |
          call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x86
          cl /std:c++14 /EHsc /W4 /WX /c /Fo:NUL test\test_32bit_build.cpp

  test-arm32:
    name: ARM 32-bit (cross-compile)
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 10
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Install cross compiler
        run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y g++-arm-linux-gnueabihf
      - name: Build (ARM 32-bit)
        run: arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-psabi -Werror -c -o /dev/null test/test_32bit_build.cpp


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/test.yaml
================================================
name: test

on:
  push:
  pull_request:
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      gtest_filter:
        description: 'Google Test filter'
      test_linux:
        description: 'Test on Linux'
        type: boolean
        default: true
      test_macos:
        description: 'Test on MacOS'
        type: boolean
        default: true
      test_windows:
        description: 'Test on Windows'
        type: boolean
        default: true

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

env:
  GTEST_FILTER: ${{ github.event.inputs.gtest_filter || '*' }}

jobs:
  style-check:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name
    continue-on-error: true
    steps:
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: run style check
        run: |
          clang-format --version
          cd test && make style_check

  build-and-test-on-32bit:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: >
      (github.event_name == 'push') ||
      (github.event_name == 'pull_request'  &&
       github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name) ||
      (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.test_linux == 'true')
    strategy:
      matrix:
        config:
        - arch_flags: -m32
          arch_suffix: :i386
          name: (32-bit)
    steps:
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: install libraries
        run: |
          sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
          sudo apt-get update
          sudo apt-get install -y libc6-dev${{ matrix.config.arch_suffix }} libstdc++-13-dev${{ matrix.config.arch_suffix }} \
            libssl-dev${{ matrix.config.arch_suffix }} libcurl4-openssl-dev${{ matrix.config.arch_suffix }} \
            zlib1g-dev${{ matrix.config.arch_suffix }} libbrotli-dev${{ matrix.config.arch_suffix }} \
            libzstd-dev${{ matrix.config.arch_suffix }}
      - name: build and run tests
        run: cd test && make test EXTRA_CXXFLAGS="${{ matrix.config.arch_flags }}"

  ubuntu:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: >
      (github.event_name == 'push') ||
      (github.event_name == 'pull_request'  &&
       github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name) ||
      (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.test_linux == 'true')
    strategy:
      matrix:
        tls_backend: [openssl, mbedtls, wolfssl]
    name: ubuntu (${{ matrix.tls_backend }})
    steps:
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: install common libraries
        run: |
          sudo apt-get update
          sudo apt-get install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbrotli-dev libzstd-dev
      - name: install OpenSSL
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev
      - name: install Mbed TLS
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'mbedtls'
        run: sudo apt-get install -y libmbedtls-dev
      - name: install wolfSSL
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'wolfssl'
        run: sudo apt-get install -y libwolfssl-dev
      - name: build and run tests (OpenSSL)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: cd test && make test_split && make test_openssl_parallel
        env:
          LSAN_OPTIONS: suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt
      - name: build and run tests (Mbed TLS)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'mbedtls'
        run: cd test && make test_split_mbedtls && make test_mbedtls_parallel
      - name: build and run tests (wolfSSL)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'wolfssl'
        run: cd test && make test_split_wolfssl && make test_wolfssl_parallel
      - name: run fuzz test target
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: cd test && make fuzz_test
      - name: build and run WebSocket heartbeat test
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: cd test && make test_websocket_heartbeat && ./test_websocket_heartbeat
      - name: build and run ThreadPool test
        run: cd test && make test_thread_pool && ./test_thread_pool

  macos:
    runs-on: macos-latest
    if: >
      (github.event_name == 'push') ||
      (github.event_name == 'pull_request'  &&
       github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name) ||
      (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.test_macos == 'true')
    strategy:
      matrix:
        tls_backend: [openssl, mbedtls, wolfssl]
    name: macos (${{ matrix.tls_backend }})
    steps:
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: install Mbed TLS
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'mbedtls'
        run: brew install mbedtls@3
      - name: install wolfSSL
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'wolfssl'
        run: brew install wolfssl
      - name: build and run tests (OpenSSL)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: cd test && make test_split && make test_openssl_parallel
        env:
          LSAN_OPTIONS: suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt
      - name: build and run tests (Mbed TLS)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'mbedtls'
        run: cd test && make test_split_mbedtls && make test_mbedtls_parallel
      - name: build and run tests (wolfSSL)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'wolfssl'
        run: cd test && make test_split_wolfssl && make test_wolfssl_parallel
      - name: run fuzz test target
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: cd test && make fuzz_test
      - name: build and run WebSocket heartbeat test
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: cd test && make test_websocket_heartbeat && ./test_websocket_heartbeat
      - name: build and run ThreadPool test
        run: cd test && make test_thread_pool && ./test_thread_pool

  windows:
    runs-on: windows-latest
    if: >
      (github.event_name == 'push') ||
      (github.event_name == 'pull_request'  &&
       github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name) ||
      (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.test_windows == 'true')
    strategy:
      matrix:
        config:
        - with_ssl: false
          compiled: false
          run_tests: true
          name: without SSL
        - with_ssl: true
          compiled: false
          run_tests: true
          name: with SSL
        - with_ssl: false
          compiled: true
          run_tests: false
          name: compiled
    name: windows ${{ matrix.config.name }}
    steps:
    - name: Prepare Git for Checkout on Windows
      run: |
        git config --global core.autocrlf false
        git config --global core.eol lf
    - name: Checkout
      uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - name: Export GitHub Actions cache environment variables
      uses: actions/github-script@v7
      with:
        script: |
          core.exportVariable('ACTIONS_CACHE_URL', process.env.ACTIONS_CACHE_URL || '');
          core.exportVariable('ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN', process.env.ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN || '');
    - name: Setup msbuild on windows
      uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v2
    - name: Cache vcpkg packages
      id: vcpkg-cache
      uses: actions/cache@v4
      with:
        path: C:/vcpkg/installed
        key: vcpkg-installed-windows-gtest-curl-zlib-brotli-zstd
    - name: Install vcpkg dependencies
      if: steps.vcpkg-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
      run: vcpkg install gtest curl zlib brotli zstd
    - name: Install OpenSSL
      if: ${{ matrix.config.with_ssl }}
      run: choco install openssl
    - name: Configure CMake ${{ matrix.config.name }}
      run: >
        cmake -B build -S .
        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
        -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=${{ env.VCPKG_ROOT }}/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake
        -DHTTPLIB_TEST=ON
        -DHTTPLIB_COMPILE=${{ matrix.config.compiled && 'ON' || 'OFF' }}
        -DHTTPLIB_USE_OPENSSL_IF_AVAILABLE=${{ matrix.config.with_ssl && 'ON' || 'OFF' }}
        -DHTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZLIB=ON
        -DHTTPLIB_REQUIRE_BROTLI=ON
        -DHTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZSTD=ON
        -DHTTPLIB_REQUIRE_OPENSSL=${{ matrix.config.with_ssl && 'ON' || 'OFF' }}
    - name: Build ${{ matrix.config.name }}
      run: cmake --build build --config Release -- /v:m /clp:ShowCommandLine
    - name: Run tests ${{ matrix.config.name }}
      if: ${{ matrix.config.run_tests }}
      shell: pwsh
      working-directory: build/test
      run: |
        $shards = 4
        $procs = @()
        for ($i = 0; $i -lt $shards; $i++) {
          $log = "shard_${i}.log"
          $procs += Start-Process -FilePath ./Release/httplib-test.exe `
            -ArgumentList "--gtest_color=yes","--gtest_filter=${{ github.event.inputs.gtest_filter || '*' }}" `
            -NoNewWindow -PassThru -RedirectStandardOutput $log -RedirectStandardError "${log}.err" `
            -Environment @{ GTEST_TOTAL_SHARDS="$shards"; GTEST_SHARD_INDEX="$i" }
        }
        $procs | Wait-Process
        $failed = $false
        for ($i = 0; $i -lt $shards; $i++) {
          $log = "shard_${i}.log"
          if (Select-String -Path $log -Pattern "\[  PASSED  \]" -Quiet) {
            $passed = (Select-String -Path $log -Pattern "\[  PASSED  \]").Line
            Write-Host "Shard ${i}: $passed"
          } else {
            Write-Host "=== Shard $i FAILED ==="
            Get-Content $log
            if (Test-Path "${log}.err") { Get-Content "${log}.err" }
            $failed = $true
          }
        }
        if ($failed) { exit 1 }
        Write-Host "All shards passed."

    env:
      VCPKG_ROOT: "C:/vcpkg"
      VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES: "clear;x-gha,readwrite"


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/test_benchmark.yaml
================================================
name: benchmark

on:
  push:
  pull_request:
  workflow_dispatch:

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

jobs:
  ubuntu:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name
    steps:
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: build and run
        run: cd test && make test_benchmark && ./test_benchmark

  macos:
    runs-on: macos-latest
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name
    steps:
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: build and run
        run: cd test && make test_benchmark && ./test_benchmark

  windows:
    runs-on: windows-latest
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name
    steps:
      - name: Prepare Git for Checkout on Windows
        run: |
          git config --global core.autocrlf false
          git config --global core.eol lf
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Export GitHub Actions cache environment variables
        uses: actions/github-script@v7
        with:
          script: |
            core.exportVariable('ACTIONS_CACHE_URL', process.env.ACTIONS_CACHE_URL || '');
            core.exportVariable('ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN', process.env.ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN || '');
      - name: Cache vcpkg packages
        id: vcpkg-cache
        uses: actions/cache@v4
        with:
          path: C:/vcpkg/installed
          key: vcpkg-installed-windows-gtest
      - name: Install vcpkg dependencies
        if: steps.vcpkg-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
        run: vcpkg install gtest
      - name: Configure and build
        shell: pwsh
        run: |
          $cmake_content = @"
          cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
          project(httplib-benchmark CXX)
          find_package(GTest REQUIRED)
          add_executable(httplib-benchmark test/test_benchmark.cc)
          target_include_directories(httplib-benchmark PRIVATE .)
          target_link_libraries(httplib-benchmark PRIVATE GTest::gtest_main)
          target_compile_options(httplib-benchmark PRIVATE "$<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/utf-8>")
          "@
          New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path build_bench/test | Out-Null
          Set-Content -Path build_bench/CMakeLists.txt -Value $cmake_content
          Copy-Item -Path httplib.h -Destination build_bench/
          Copy-Item -Path test/test_benchmark.cc -Destination build_bench/test/
          cmake -B build_bench/build -S build_bench `
            -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE="$env:VCPKG_ROOT/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake"
          cmake --build build_bench/build --config Release
      - name: Run with retry
        run: ctest --output-on-failure --test-dir build_bench/build -C Release --repeat until-pass:5
    env:
      VCPKG_ROOT: "C:/vcpkg"
      VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES: "clear;x-gha,readwrite"


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/test_no_exceptions.yaml
================================================
name: No Exceptions Test

on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  test-no-exceptions:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name

    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v3

    - name: Install dependencies
      run: |
        sudo apt-get update
        sudo apt-get install -y build-essential libssl-dev zlib1g-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libbrotli-dev libzstd-dev

    - name: Run tests with CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
      run: |
        cd test && make test_split EXTRA_CXXFLAGS="-fno-exceptions -DCPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS" && make test_openssl_parallel EXTRA_CXXFLAGS="-fno-exceptions -DCPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS"


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/test_offline.yaml
================================================
name: test_offline

on:
  push:
  pull_request:
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      test_linux:
        description: 'Test on Linux'
        type: boolean
        default: true

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

env:
  GTEST_FILTER: "-*.*_Online"

jobs:
  ubuntu:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: >
      (github.event_name == 'push') ||
      (github.event_name == 'pull_request'  &&
       github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name) ||
      (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.test_linux == 'true')
    strategy:
      matrix:
        tls_backend: [openssl, no-tls]
    name: ubuntu (${{ matrix.tls_backend }})
    steps:
      - name: checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: install common libraries
        run: |
          sudo apt-get update
          sudo apt-get install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev zlib1g-dev libbrotli-dev libzstd-dev
      - name: install OpenSSL
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev
      - name: disable network
        run: |
          sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
          sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
          sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -j REJECT
          sudo ip6tables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
          sudo ip6tables -A OUTPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
          sudo ip6tables -A OUTPUT -j REJECT
      - name: build and run tests (OpenSSL)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
        run: cd test && make test_split && make test_openssl_parallel
        env:
          LSAN_OPTIONS: suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt
      - name: build and run tests (No TLS)
        if: matrix.tls_backend == 'no-tls'
        run: cd test && make test_no_tls_parallel
      - name: restore network
        if: always()
        run: |
          sudo iptables -F OUTPUT
          sudo ip6tables -F OUTPUT


================================================
FILE: .github/workflows/test_proxy.yaml
================================================
name: Proxy Test

on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  test-proxy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.event.pull_request.base.repo.full_name
    strategy:
      matrix:
        tls_backend: [openssl, mbedtls]
    name: proxy (${{ matrix.tls_backend }})

    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4

    - name: Install common dependencies
      run: |
        sudo apt-get update
        sudo apt-get install -y build-essential zlib1g-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libbrotli-dev libzstd-dev netcat-openbsd
    - name: Install OpenSSL
      if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
      run: sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev
    - name: Install Mbed TLS
      if: matrix.tls_backend == 'mbedtls'
      run: sudo apt-get install -y libmbedtls-dev

    - name: Run proxy tests (OpenSSL)
      if: matrix.tls_backend == 'openssl'
      run: cd test && make proxy
      env:
        COMPOSE_FILE: docker-compose.yml:docker-compose.ci.yml
    - name: Run proxy tests (Mbed TLS)
      if: matrix.tls_backend == 'mbedtls'
      run: cd test && make proxy_mbedtls
      env:
        COMPOSE_FILE: docker-compose.yml:docker-compose.ci.yml

================================================
FILE: CMakeLists.txt
================================================
#[[
	Build options:
	* Standard BUILD_SHARED_LIBS is supported and sets HTTPLIB_SHARED default value.
	* HTTPLIB_USE_OPENSSL_IF_AVAILABLE (default on)
	* HTTPLIB_USE_WOLFSSL_IF_AVAILABLE (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_USE_MBEDTLS_IF_AVAILABLE (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_USE_ZLIB_IF_AVAILABLE (default on)
	* HTTPLIB_USE_BROTLI_IF_AVAILABLE (default on)
	* HTTPLIB_USE_ZSTD_IF_AVAILABLE (default on)
	* HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_OPENSSL (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_WOLFSSL (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_MBEDTLS (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZLIB (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_BROTLI (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZSTD (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO (default on)
	* HTTPLIB_COMPILE (default off)
	* HTTPLIB_INSTALL (default on)
	* HTTPLIB_SHARED (default off) builds as a shared library (if HTTPLIB_COMPILE is ON)
	* HTTPLIB_TEST (default off)
	* BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS - tells Cmake to use the static Brotli libs (only works if you have them installed).
	* OPENSSL_USE_STATIC_LIBS - tells Cmake to use the static OpenSSL libs (only works if you have them installed).

	-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	After installation with Cmake, a find_package(httplib COMPONENTS OpenSSL wolfssl MbedTLS ZLIB Brotli zstd) is available.
	This creates a httplib::httplib target (if found and if listed components are supported).
	It can be linked like so:

	target_link_libraries(your_exe httplib::httplib)

	The following will build & install for later use.

	Linux/macOS:

	mkdir -p build
	cd build
	cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..
	sudo cmake --build . --target install

	Windows:

	mkdir build
	cd build
	cmake ..
	runas /user:Administrator "cmake --build . --config Release --target install"

	-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	These variables are available after you run find_package(httplib)
	* HTTPLIB_HEADER_PATH - this is the full path to the installed header (e.g. /usr/include/httplib.h).
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL - a bool for if OpenSSL support is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL - a bool for if wolfSSL support is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS - a bool for if MbedTLS support is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB - a bool for if ZLIB support is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI - a bool for if Brotli support is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZSTD - a bool for if ZSTD support is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES - a bool for if support of loading system certs from the Apple Keychain is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_USING_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO - a bool for if nonblocking getaddrinfo is enabled.
	* HTTPLIB_IS_COMPILED - a bool for if the library is compiled, or otherwise header-only.
	* HTTPLIB_INCLUDE_DIR - the root path to httplib's header (e.g. /usr/include).
	* HTTPLIB_LIBRARY - the full path to the library if compiled (e.g. /usr/lib/libhttplib.so).
	* httplib_VERSION or HTTPLIB_VERSION - the project's version string.
	* HTTPLIB_FOUND - a bool for if the target was found.

	Want to use precompiled headers (Cmake feature since v3.16)?
	It's as simple as doing the following (before linking):

	target_precompile_headers(httplib::httplib INTERFACE "${HTTPLIB_HEADER_PATH}")

	-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	ARCH_INDEPENDENT option of write_basic_package_version_file() requires Cmake v3.14
]]
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14.0 FATAL_ERROR)

# Get the CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION value and use it as a version
# This gets the string with the CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION value from the header.
# This is so the maintainer doesn't actually need to update this manually.
file(STRINGS httplib.h _raw_version_string REGEX "CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION \"([0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+)\"")

# Extracts just the version string itself from the whole string contained in _raw_version_string
# since _raw_version_string would contain the entire line of code where it found the version string
string(REGEX MATCH "([0-9]+\\.?)+" _httplib_version "${_raw_version_string}")

project(httplib
	VERSION ${_httplib_version}
	LANGUAGES CXX
	DESCRIPTION "A C++ header-only HTTP/HTTPS server and client library."
	HOMEPAGE_URL "https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib"
)

# Change as needed to set an OpenSSL minimum version.
# This is used in the installed Cmake config file.
set(_HTTPLIB_OPENSSL_MIN_VER "3.0.0")

# Lets you disable C++ exception during CMake configure time.
# The value is used in the install CMake config file.
option(HTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS "Disable the use of C++ exceptions" OFF)
# Allow for a build to require OpenSSL to pass, instead of just being optional
option(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_OPENSSL "Requires OpenSSL to be found & linked, or fails build." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_WOLFSSL "Requires wolfSSL to be found & linked, or fails build." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_MBEDTLS "Requires MbedTLS to be found & linked, or fails build." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZLIB "Requires ZLIB to be found & linked, or fails build." OFF)
# Allow for a build to casually enable OpenSSL/ZLIB support, but silently continue if not found.
# Make these options so their automatic use can be specifically disabled (as needed)
option(HTTPLIB_USE_OPENSSL_IF_AVAILABLE "Uses OpenSSL (if available) to enable HTTPS support." ON)
option(HTTPLIB_USE_WOLFSSL_IF_AVAILABLE "Uses wolfSSL (if available) to enable HTTPS support." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_USE_MBEDTLS_IF_AVAILABLE "Uses MbedTLS (if available) to enable HTTPS support." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_USE_ZLIB_IF_AVAILABLE "Uses ZLIB (if available) to enable Zlib compression support." ON)
# Lets you compile the program as a regular library instead of header-only
option(HTTPLIB_COMPILE "If ON, uses a Python script to split the header into a compilable header & source file (requires Python v3)." OFF)
# Lets you disable the installation (useful when fetched from another CMake project)
option(HTTPLIB_INSTALL "Enables the installation target" ON)
option(HTTPLIB_TEST "Enables testing and builds tests" OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_BROTLI "Requires Brotli to be found & linked, or fails build." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_USE_BROTLI_IF_AVAILABLE "Uses Brotli (if available) to enable Brotli decompression support." ON)
option(HTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES "Disable loading system certs from the Apple Keychain on macOS." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO "Enables the non-blocking alternatives for getaddrinfo." ON)
option(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZSTD "Requires ZSTD to be found & linked, or fails build." OFF)
option(HTTPLIB_USE_ZSTD_IF_AVAILABLE "Uses ZSTD (if available) to enable zstd support." ON)
# C++20 modules support requires CMake 3.28 or later
if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL "3.28")
	option(HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES "Build httplib modules (requires HTTPLIB_COMPILE to be ON)." OFF)
else()
	set(HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES OFF CACHE INTERNAL "Build httplib modules disabled (requires CMake 3.28+)" FORCE)
	if(DEFINED CACHE{HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES} AND HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES)
		message(WARNING "HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES requires CMake 3.28 or later. Current version is ${CMAKE_VERSION}. Modules support has been disabled.")
	endif()
endif()

# Incompatibility between TLS libraries
set(TLS_LIBRARIES_USED_TMP 0)

foreach(tls_library OPENSSL WOLFSSL MBEDTLS)
	set(TLS_REQUIRED ${HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_${tls_library}})
	set(TLS_IF_AVAILABLE ${HTTPLIB_USE_${tls_library}_IF_AVAILABLE})

	if(TLS_REQUIRED OR TLS_IF_AVAILABLE)
		math(EXPR TLS_LIBRARIES_USED_TMP "${TLS_LIBRARIES_USED_TMP} + 1")
	endif()
endforeach()

if(TLS_LIBRARIES_USED_TMP GREATER 1)
	message(FATAL_ERROR "TLS libraries are mutually exclusive.")
endif()

# Defaults to static library but respects standard BUILD_SHARED_LIBS if set
include(CMakeDependentOption)
cmake_dependent_option(HTTPLIB_SHARED "Build the library as a shared library instead of static. Has no effect if using header-only."
	"${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}" HTTPLIB_COMPILE OFF
)
if(HTTPLIB_SHARED)
	set(HTTPLIB_LIB_TYPE SHARED)
	if(WIN32)
		# Necessary for Windows if building shared libs
		# See https://stackoverflow.com/a/40743080
		set(CMAKE_WINDOWS_EXPORT_ALL_SYMBOLS ON)
	endif()
else()
	set(HTTPLIB_LIB_TYPE STATIC)
endif()

if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES "Windows")
	if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION)
		if(${CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "10.0.0")
			message(WARNING "Windows ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION} or lower is not supported. Please use Windows 10 or later.")
		endif()
	else()
		set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION "10.0.19041.0")
		message(WARNING "The target is Windows but CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION is not set, the default system version is set to Windows 10.")
	endif()
endif()

# Set some variables that are used in-tree and while building based on our options
set(HTTPLIB_IS_COMPILED ${HTTPLIB_COMPILE})
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES TRUE)
if(HTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES FALSE)
endif()
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO ${HTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO})

# Threads needed for <thread> on some systems, and for <pthread.h> on Linux
set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG TRUE)
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
# Since Cmake v3.11, Crypto & SSL became optional when not specified as COMPONENTS.
if(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_OPENSSL)
	find_package(OpenSSL ${_HTTPLIB_OPENSSL_MIN_VER} COMPONENTS Crypto SSL REQUIRED)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL TRUE)
elseif(HTTPLIB_USE_OPENSSL_IF_AVAILABLE)
	find_package(OpenSSL ${_HTTPLIB_OPENSSL_MIN_VER} COMPONENTS Crypto SSL QUIET)
	# Avoid a rare circumstance of not finding all components but the end-user did their
	# own call for OpenSSL, which might trick us into thinking we'd otherwise have what we wanted
	if (TARGET OpenSSL::SSL AND TARGET OpenSSL::Crypto)
		set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL ${OPENSSL_FOUND})
	else()
		set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL FALSE)
	endif()
endif()

if(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_WOLFSSL)
	find_package(wolfssl REQUIRED)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL TRUE)
elseif(HTTPLIB_USE_WOLFSSL_IF_AVAILABLE)
	find_package(wolfssl QUIET)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL ${wolfssl_FOUND})
endif()

if(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_MBEDTLS)
	find_package(MbedTLS REQUIRED)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS TRUE)
elseif(HTTPLIB_USE_MBEDTLS_IF_AVAILABLE)
	find_package(MbedTLS QUIET)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS ${MbedTLS_FOUND})
endif()

if(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZLIB)
	find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB TRUE)
elseif(HTTPLIB_USE_ZLIB_IF_AVAILABLE)
	find_package(ZLIB QUIET)
	# FindZLIB doesn't have a ZLIB_FOUND variable, so check the target.
	if(TARGET ZLIB::ZLIB)
		set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB TRUE)
	endif()
endif()

# Adds our cmake folder to the search path for find_package
# This is so we can use our custom FindBrotli.cmake
list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake")
if(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_BROTLI)
	find_package(Brotli COMPONENTS encoder decoder common REQUIRED)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI TRUE)
elseif(HTTPLIB_USE_BROTLI_IF_AVAILABLE)
	find_package(Brotli COMPONENTS encoder decoder common QUIET)
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI ${Brotli_FOUND})
endif()

# NOTE:
# zstd < 1.5.6 does not provide the CMake imported target `zstd::libzstd`.
# Older versions must be consumed via their pkg-config file.
if(HTTPLIB_REQUIRE_ZSTD)
	find_package(zstd 1.5.6 CONFIG)
	if(NOT zstd_FOUND)
		find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
		pkg_check_modules(zstd REQUIRED IMPORTED_TARGET libzstd)
		add_library(zstd::libzstd ALIAS PkgConfig::zstd)
	endif()
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZSTD TRUE)
elseif(HTTPLIB_USE_ZSTD_IF_AVAILABLE)
	find_package(zstd 1.5.6 CONFIG QUIET)
	if(NOT zstd_FOUND)
		find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
		if(PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
			pkg_check_modules(zstd QUIET IMPORTED_TARGET libzstd)

			if(TARGET PkgConfig::zstd)
				add_library(zstd::libzstd ALIAS PkgConfig::zstd)
			endif()
		endif()
	endif()
	# Both find_package and PkgConf set a XXX_FOUND var
	set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZSTD ${zstd_FOUND})
endif()

# Used for default, common dirs that the end-user can change (if needed)
# like CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR or CMAKE_INSTALL_DATADIR
include(GNUInstallDirs)

if(HTTPLIB_COMPILE)
	# Put the split script into the build dir
	configure_file(split.py "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/split.py"
		COPYONLY
	)
	# Needs to be in the same dir as the python script
	configure_file(httplib.h "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/httplib.h"
		COPYONLY
	)

	# Used outside of this if-else
	set(_INTERFACE_OR_PUBLIC PUBLIC)
	# Brings in the Python3_EXECUTABLE path we can use.
	find_package(Python3 REQUIRED)
	# Actually split the file
	# Keeps the output in the build dir to not pollute the main dir
	execute_process(COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/split.py"
		WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
		ERROR_VARIABLE _httplib_split_error
	)
	if(_httplib_split_error)
		message(FATAL_ERROR "Failed when trying to split cpp-httplib with the Python script.\n${_httplib_split_error}")
	endif()

	# If building modules, also generate the module file
	if(HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES)
		# Put the generate_module script into the build dir
		configure_file(generate_module.py "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/generate_module.py"
			COPYONLY
		)
		# Generate the module file
		execute_process(COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/generate_module.py"
			WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
			ERROR_VARIABLE _httplib_module_error
		)
		if(_httplib_module_error)
			message(FATAL_ERROR "Failed when trying to generate cpp-httplib module with the Python script.\n${_httplib_module_error}")
		endif()
	endif()

	# split.py puts output in "out"
	set(_httplib_build_includedir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/out")
	add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} ${HTTPLIB_LIB_TYPE} "${_httplib_build_includedir}/httplib.cc")
	target_sources(${PROJECT_NAME}
		PUBLIC
			$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${_httplib_build_includedir}/httplib.h>
			$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/httplib.h>
	)
	
	# Add C++20 module support if requested
	# Include from separate file to prevent parse errors on older CMake versions
	if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL "3.28")
		include(cmake/modules.cmake)
	endif()
	
	set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME}
		PROPERTIES
			VERSION ${${PROJECT_NAME}_VERSION}
			SOVERSION "${${PROJECT_NAME}_VERSION_MAJOR}.${${PROJECT_NAME}_VERSION_MINOR}"
			OUTPUT_NAME cpp-httplib
	)
else()
	# This is for header-only.
	set(_INTERFACE_OR_PUBLIC INTERFACE)
	add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} INTERFACE)
	set(_httplib_build_includedir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
endif()
# Lets you address the target with httplib::httplib
# Only useful if building in-tree, versus using it from an installation.
add_library(${PROJECT_NAME}::${PROJECT_NAME} ALIAS ${PROJECT_NAME})

# Require C++11, or C++20 if modules are enabled
if(HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES)
	target_compile_features(${PROJECT_NAME} ${_INTERFACE_OR_PUBLIC} cxx_std_20)
else()
	target_compile_features(${PROJECT_NAME} ${_INTERFACE_OR_PUBLIC} cxx_std_11)
endif()

target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} SYSTEM ${_INTERFACE_OR_PUBLIC}
	$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${_httplib_build_includedir}>
	$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>
)

target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${_INTERFACE_OR_PUBLIC}
		# Always require threads
		Threads::Threads
		# Needed for Windows libs on Mingw, as the pragma comment(lib, "xyz") aren't triggered.
		$<$<PLATFORM_ID:Windows>:ws2_32>
		$<$<PLATFORM_ID:Windows>:crypt32>
		# Needed for API from MacOS Security framework
		"$<$<AND:$<PLATFORM_ID:Darwin>,$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL}>,$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES}>>:-framework CFNetwork -framework CoreFoundation -framework Security>"
		# Needed for non-blocking getaddrinfo on MacOS
		"$<$<AND:$<PLATFORM_ID:Darwin>,$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO}>>:-framework CFNetwork -framework CoreFoundation>"
		# Can't put multiple targets in a single generator expression or it bugs out.
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI}>:Brotli::common>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI}>:Brotli::encoder>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI}>:Brotli::decoder>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB}>:ZLIB::ZLIB>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZSTD}>:zstd::libzstd>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL}>:OpenSSL::SSL>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL}>:OpenSSL::Crypto>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL}>:wolfssl::wolfssl>
		$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS}>:MbedTLS::mbedtls>
)

# Set the definitions to enable optional features
target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} ${_INTERFACE_OR_PUBLIC}
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS}>:CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS>
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI}>:CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT>
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB}>:CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT>
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZSTD}>:CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT>
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL}>:CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT>
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL}>:CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT>
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS}>:CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT>
	$<$<AND:$<PLATFORM_ID:Darwin>,$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES}>>:CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES>
	$<$<BOOL:${HTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO}>:CPPHTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO>
)

# CMake configuration files installation directory
set(_TARGET_INSTALL_CMAKEDIR "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/${PROJECT_NAME}")

include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)

# Configures the meta-file httplibConfig.cmake.in to replace variables with paths/values/etc.
configure_package_config_file("cmake/${PROJECT_NAME}Config.cmake.in"
	"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}Config.cmake"
	INSTALL_DESTINATION "${_TARGET_INSTALL_CMAKEDIR}"
	# Passes the includedir install path
	PATH_VARS CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_INCLUDEDIR
)

if(HTTPLIB_COMPILE)
	write_basic_package_version_file("${PROJECT_NAME}ConfigVersion.cmake"
		# Example: if you find_package(httplib 0.5.4)
		# then anything >= 0.5.4 and < 0.6 is accepted
		COMPATIBILITY SameMinorVersion
	)
else()
	write_basic_package_version_file("${PROJECT_NAME}ConfigVersion.cmake"
		# Example: if you find_package(httplib 0.5.4)
		# then anything >= 0.5.4 and < 0.6 is accepted
		COMPATIBILITY SameMinorVersion
		# Tells Cmake that it's a header-only lib
		# Mildly useful for end-users :)
		ARCH_INDEPENDENT
	)
endif()

if(HTTPLIB_INSTALL)
	# Creates the export httplibTargets.cmake
	# This is strictly what holds compilation requirements
	# and linkage information (doesn't find deps though).
	if(HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES)
		install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME} EXPORT httplibTargets FILE_SET CXX_MODULES DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/httplib/modules CXX_MODULES_BMI DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/httplib/modules)
	else()
		install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME} EXPORT httplibTargets)
	endif()

	install(FILES "${_httplib_build_includedir}/httplib.h" TYPE INCLUDE)

	install(FILES
		"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}Config.cmake"
		"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}ConfigVersion.cmake"
		# Install it so it can be used later by the httplibConfig.cmake file.
		# Put it in the same dir as our config file instead of a global path so we don't potentially stomp on other packages.
		"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/FindBrotli.cmake"
		DESTINATION ${_TARGET_INSTALL_CMAKEDIR}
	)

	# NOTE: This path changes depending on if it's on Windows or Linux
	install(EXPORT httplibTargets
		# Puts the targets into the httplib namespace
		# So this makes httplib::httplib linkable after doing find_package(httplib)
		NAMESPACE ${PROJECT_NAME}::
		DESTINATION ${_TARGET_INSTALL_CMAKEDIR}
	)

	# Install documentation & license
	# ex: /usr/share/doc/httplib/README.md and /usr/share/licenses/httplib/LICENSE
	install(FILES "README.md" DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_DOCDIR}")
	install(FILES "LICENSE" DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_DATADIR}/licenses/${PROJECT_NAME}")

	include(CPack)
endif()

if(HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES AND NOT HTTPLIB_COMPILE)
	message(FATAL_ERROR "HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES requires HTTPLIB_COMPILE to be ON.")
endif()

if(HTTPLIB_TEST)
	include(CTest)
	add_subdirectory(test)
endif()


================================================
FILE: Dockerfile
================================================
FROM yhirose4dockerhub/ubuntu-builder AS builder
WORKDIR /build
COPY httplib.h .
COPY docker/main.cc .
RUN g++ -std=c++23 -static -o server -O2 -I. main.cc && strip server

FROM scratch
COPY --from=builder /build/server /server
COPY docker/html/index.html /html/index.html
EXPOSE 80

ENTRYPOINT ["/server"]
CMD ["--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80", "--mount", "/:./html"]


================================================
FILE: LICENSE
================================================
The MIT License (MIT)

Copyright (c) 2017 yhirose

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.



================================================
FILE: README-sse.md
================================================
# SSEClient - Server-Sent Events Client

A simple, EventSource-like SSE client for C++11.

## Features

- **Auto-reconnect**: Automatically reconnects on connection loss
- **Last-Event-ID**: Sends last received ID on reconnect for resumption
- **retry field**: Respects server's reconnect interval
- **Event types**: Supports custom event types via `on_event()`
- **Async support**: Run in background thread with `start_async()`
- **C++11 compatible**: No C++14/17/20 features required

## Quick Start

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events");

sse.on_message([](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::cout << "Event: " << msg.event << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Data: " << msg.data << std::endl;
});

sse.start();  // Blocking, with auto-reconnect
```

## API Reference

### SSEMessage

```cpp
struct SSEMessage {
    std::string event;  // Event type (default: "message")
    std::string data;   // Event payload
    std::string id;     // Event ID
};
```

### SSEClient

#### Constructor

```cpp
// Basic
SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path);

// With custom headers
SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
```

#### Event Handlers

```cpp
// Called for all events (or events without a specific handler)
sse.on_message([](const SSEMessage &msg) { });

// Called for specific event types
sse.on_event("update", [](const SSEMessage &msg) { });
sse.on_event("delete", [](const SSEMessage &msg) { });

// Called when connection is established
sse.on_open([]() { });

// Called on connection errors
sse.on_error([](httplib::Error err) { });
```

#### Configuration

```cpp
// Set reconnect interval (default: 3000ms)
sse.set_reconnect_interval(5000);

// Set max reconnect attempts (default: 0 = unlimited)
sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(10);
```

#### Control

```cpp
// Blocking start with auto-reconnect
sse.start();

// Non-blocking start (runs in background thread)
sse.start_async();

// Stop the client (thread-safe)
sse.stop();
```

#### State

```cpp
bool connected = sse.is_connected();
const std::string &id = sse.last_event_id();
```

## Examples

### Basic Usage

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events");

sse.on_message([](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::cout << msg.data << std::endl;
});

sse.start();
```

### With Custom Event Types

```cpp
httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events");

sse.on_event("notification", [](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::cout << "Notification: " << msg.data << std::endl;
});

sse.on_event("update", [](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::cout << "Update: " << msg.data << std::endl;
});

sse.start();
```

### Async with Stop

```cpp
httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events");

sse.on_message([](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::cout << msg.data << std::endl;
});

sse.start_async();  // Returns immediately

// ... do other work ...

sse.stop();  // Stop when done
```

### With Custom Headers (e.g., Authentication)

```cpp
httplib::Headers headers = {
    {"Authorization", "Bearer token123"}
};

httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events", headers);
sse.start();
```

### Error Handling

```cpp
sse.on_error([](httplib::Error err) {
    std::cerr << "Error: " << httplib::to_string(err) << std::endl;
});

sse.set_reconnect_interval(1000);
sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(5);

sse.start();
```

## SSE Protocol

The client parses SSE format according to the [W3C specification](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html):

```
event: custom-type
id: 123
data: {"message": "hello"}

data: simple message

: this is a comment (ignored)
```


================================================
FILE: README-stream.md
================================================
# cpp-httplib Streaming API

This document describes the streaming extensions for cpp-httplib, providing an iterator-style API for handling HTTP responses incrementally with **true socket-level streaming**.

> **Important Notes**:
>
> - **No Keep-Alive**: Each `stream::Get()` call uses a dedicated connection that is closed after the response is fully read. For connection reuse, use `Client::Get()`.
> - **Single iteration only**: The `next()` method can only iterate through the body once.
> - **Result is not thread-safe**: While `stream::Get()` can be called from multiple threads simultaneously, the returned `stream::Result` must be used from a single thread only.

## Overview

The streaming API allows you to process HTTP response bodies chunk by chunk using an iterator-style pattern. Data is read directly from the network socket, enabling low-memory processing of large responses. This is particularly useful for:

- **LLM/AI streaming responses** (e.g., ChatGPT, Claude, Ollama)
- **Server-Sent Events (SSE)**
- **Large file downloads** with progress tracking
- **Reverse proxy implementations**

## Quick Start

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
    
    // Get streaming response
    auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/stream");
    
    if (result) {
        // Process response body in chunks
        while (result.next()) {
            std::cout.write(result.data(), result.size());
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}
```

## API Layers

cpp-httplib provides multiple API layers for different use cases:

```text
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  SSEClient                        │  ← SSE-specific, parsed events
│  - on_message(), on_event()                 │
│  - Auto-reconnect, Last-Event-ID            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  stream::Get() / stream::Result             │  ← Iterator-based streaming
│  - while (result.next()) { ... }            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  open_stream() / StreamHandle               │  ← General-purpose streaming
│  - handle.read(buf, len)                    │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Client::Get()                              │  ← Traditional, full buffering
└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

| Use Case | Recommended API |
|----------|----------------|
| SSE with auto-reconnect | `SSEClient` (see [README-sse.md](README-sse.md)) |
| LLM streaming (JSON Lines) | `stream::Get()` |
| Large file download | `stream::Get()` or `open_stream()` |
| Reverse proxy | `open_stream()` |
| Small responses with Keep-Alive | `Client::Get()` |

## API Reference

### Low-Level API: `StreamHandle`

The `StreamHandle` struct provides direct control over streaming responses. It takes ownership of the socket connection and reads data directly from the network.

> **Note:** When using `open_stream()`, the connection is dedicated to streaming and **Keep-Alive is not supported**. For Keep-Alive connections, use `client.Get()` instead.

```cpp
// Open a stream (takes ownership of socket)
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/path");

// Check validity
if (handle.is_valid()) {
    // Access response headers immediately
    int status = handle.response->status;
    auto content_type = handle.response->get_header_value("Content-Type");
    
    // Read body incrementally
    char buf[4096];
    ssize_t n;
    while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
        process(buf, n);
    }
}
```

#### StreamHandle Members

| Member | Type | Description |
|--------|------|-------------|
| `response` | `std::unique_ptr<Response>` | HTTP response with headers |
| `error` | `Error` | Error code if request failed |
| `is_valid()` | `bool` | Returns true if response is valid |
| `read(buf, len)` | `ssize_t` | Read up to `len` bytes directly from socket |
| `get_read_error()` | `Error` | Get the last read error |
| `has_read_error()` | `bool` | Check if a read error occurred |

### High-Level API: `stream::Get()` and `stream::Result`

The `httplib.h` header provides a more ergonomic iterator-style API.

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"

httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
cli.set_follow_location(true);
...

// Simple GET
auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/path");

// GET with custom headers
httplib::Headers headers = {{"Authorization", "Bearer token"}};
auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/path", headers);

// Process the response
if (result) {
    while (result.next()) {
        process(result.data(), result.size());
    }
}

// Or read entire body at once
auto result2 = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/path");
if (result2) {
    std::string body = result2.read_all();
}
```

#### stream::Result Members

| Member | Type | Description |
|--------|------|-------------|
| `operator bool()` | `bool` | Returns true if response is valid |
| `is_valid()` | `bool` | Same as `operator bool()` |
| `status()` | `int` | HTTP status code |
| `headers()` | `const Headers&` | Response headers |
| `get_header_value(key, def)` | `std::string` | Get header value (with optional default) |
| `has_header(key)` | `bool` | Check if header exists |
| `next()` | `bool` | Read next chunk, returns false when done |
| `data()` | `const char*` | Pointer to current chunk data |
| `size()` | `size_t` | Size of current chunk |
| `read_all()` | `std::string` | Read entire remaining body into string |
| `error()` | `Error` | Get the connection/request error |
| `read_error()` | `Error` | Get the last read error |
| `has_read_error()` | `bool` | Check if a read error occurred |

## Usage Examples

### Example 1: SSE (Server-Sent Events) Client

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:1234");
    
    auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/events");
    if (!result) { return 1; }
    
    while (result.next()) {
        std::cout.write(result.data(), result.size());
        std::cout.flush();
    }
    
    return 0;
}
```

For a complete SSE client with auto-reconnection and event parsing, see `example/ssecli-stream.cc`.

### Example 2: LLM Streaming Response

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:11434");  // Ollama
    
    auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/api/generate");
    
    if (result && result.status() == 200) {
        while (result.next()) {
            std::cout.write(result.data(), result.size());
            std::cout.flush();
        }
    }
    
    // Check for connection errors
    if (result.read_error() != httplib::Error::Success) {
        std::cerr << "Connection lost\n";
    }
    
    return 0;
}
```

### Example 3: Large File Download with Progress

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("http://example.com");
    auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/large-file.zip");
    
    if (!result || result.status() != 200) {
        std::cerr << "Download failed\n";
        return 1;
    }
    
    std::ofstream file("download.zip", std::ios::binary);
    size_t total = 0;
    
    while (result.next()) {
        file.write(result.data(), result.size());
        total += result.size();
        std::cout << "\rDownloaded: " << (total / 1024) << " KB" << std::flush;
    }
    
    std::cout << "\nComplete!\n";
    return 0;
}
```

### Example 4: Reverse Proxy Streaming

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"

httplib::Server svr;

svr.Get("/proxy/(.*)", [](const httplib::Request& req, httplib::Response& res) {
    httplib::Client upstream("http://backend:8080");
    auto handle = upstream.open_stream("/" + req.matches[1].str());
    
    if (!handle.is_valid()) {
        res.status = 502;
        return;
    }
    
    res.status = handle.response->status;
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        handle.response->get_header_value("Content-Type"),
        [handle = std::move(handle)](size_t, httplib::DataSink& sink) mutable {
            char buf[8192];
            auto n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
            if (n > 0) {
                sink.write(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n));
                return true;
            }
            sink.done();
            return true;
        }
    );
});

svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 3000);
```

## Comparison with Existing APIs

| Feature | `Client::Get()` | `open_stream()` | `stream::Get()` |
|---------|----------------|-----------------|----------------|
| Headers available | After complete | Immediately | Immediately |
| Body reading | All at once | Direct from socket | Iterator-based |
| Memory usage | Full body in RAM | Minimal (controlled) | Minimal (controlled) |
| Keep-Alive support | ✅ Yes | ❌ No | ❌ No |
| Compression | Auto-handled | Auto-handled | Auto-handled |
| Best for | Small responses, Keep-Alive | Low-level streaming | Easy streaming |

## Features

- **True socket-level streaming**: Data is read directly from the network socket
- **Low memory footprint**: Only the current chunk is held in memory
- **Compression support**: Automatic decompression for gzip, brotli, and zstd
- **Chunked transfer**: Full support for chunked transfer encoding
- **SSL/TLS support**: Works with HTTPS connections

## Important Notes

### Keep-Alive Behavior

The streaming API (`stream::Get()` / `open_stream()`) takes ownership of the socket connection for the duration of the stream. This means:

- **Keep-Alive is not supported** for streaming connections
- The socket is closed when `StreamHandle` is destroyed
- For Keep-Alive scenarios, use the standard `client.Get()` API instead

```cpp
// Use for streaming (no Keep-Alive)
auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/large-stream");
while (result.next()) { /* ... */ }

// Use for Keep-Alive connections
auto res = cli.Get("/api/data");  // Connection can be reused
```

## Related

- [Issue #2269](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/issues/2269) - Original feature request
- [example/ssecli-stream.cc](./example/ssecli-stream.cc) - SSE client with auto-reconnection


================================================
FILE: README-websocket.md
================================================
# WebSocket - RFC 6455 WebSocket Support

A simple, blocking WebSocket implementation for C++11.

> [!IMPORTANT]
> This is a blocking I/O WebSocket implementation using a thread-per-connection model. If you need high-concurrency WebSocket support with non-blocking/async I/O (e.g., thousands of simultaneous connections), this is not the one that you want.

## Features

- **RFC 6455 compliant**: Full WebSocket protocol support
- **Server and Client**: Both sides included
- **SSL/TLS support**: `wss://` scheme for secure connections
- **Text and Binary**: Both message types supported
- **Automatic heartbeat**: Periodic Ping/Pong keeps connections alive
- **Subprotocol negotiation**: `Sec-WebSocket-Protocol` support for GraphQL, MQTT, etc.

## Quick Start

### Server

```cpp
httplib::Server svr;

svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send("echo: " + msg);
    }
});

svr.listen("localhost", 8080);
```

### Client

```cpp
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("ws://localhost:8080/ws");

if (ws.connect()) {
    ws.send("hello");

    std::string msg;
    if (ws.read(msg)) {
        std::cout << msg << std::endl;  // "echo: hello"
    }
    ws.close();
}
```

## API Reference

### ReadResult

```cpp
enum ReadResult : int {
    Fail   = 0,  // Connection closed or error
    Text   = 1,  // UTF-8 text message
    Binary = 2,  // Binary message
};
```

Returned by `read()`. Since `Fail` is `0`, the result works naturally in boolean contexts — `while (ws.read(msg))` continues until the connection closes. When you need to distinguish text from binary, check the return value directly.

### CloseStatus

```cpp
enum class CloseStatus : uint16_t {
    Normal = 1000,
    GoingAway = 1001,
    ProtocolError = 1002,
    UnsupportedData = 1003,
    NoStatus = 1005,
    Abnormal = 1006,
    InvalidPayload = 1007,
    PolicyViolation = 1008,
    MessageTooBig = 1009,
    MandatoryExtension = 1010,
    InternalError = 1011,
};
```

### Server Registration

```cpp
// Basic handler
Server &WebSocket(const std::string &pattern, WebSocketHandler handler);

// With subprotocol negotiation
Server &WebSocket(const std::string &pattern, WebSocketHandler handler,
                  SubProtocolSelector sub_protocol_selector);
```

**Type aliases:**

```cpp
using WebSocketHandler =
    std::function<void(const Request &, ws::WebSocket &)>;
using SubProtocolSelector =
    std::function<std::string(const std::vector<std::string> &protocols)>;
```

The `SubProtocolSelector` receives the list of subprotocols proposed by the client (from the `Sec-WebSocket-Protocol` header) and returns the selected one. Return an empty string to decline all proposed subprotocols.

### WebSocket (Server-side)

Passed to the handler registered with `Server::WebSocket()`. The handler runs in a dedicated thread per connection.

```cpp
// Read next message (blocks until received, returns Fail/Text/Binary)
ReadResult read(std::string &msg);

// Send messages
bool send(const std::string &data);              // Text
bool send(const char *data, size_t len);          // Binary

// Close the connection
void close(CloseStatus status = CloseStatus::Normal,
           const std::string &reason = "");

// Access the original HTTP upgrade request
const Request &request() const;

// Check if the connection is still open
bool is_open() const;
```

### WebSocketClient

```cpp
// Constructor - accepts ws:// or wss:// URL
explicit WebSocketClient(const std::string &scheme_host_port_path,
                         const Headers &headers = {});

// Check if the URL was parsed successfully
bool is_valid() const;

// Connect (performs HTTP upgrade handshake)
bool connect();

// Get the subprotocol selected by the server (empty if none)
const std::string &subprotocol() const;

// Read/Send/Close (same as server-side WebSocket)
ReadResult read(std::string &msg);
bool send(const std::string &data);
bool send(const char *data, size_t len);
void close(CloseStatus status = CloseStatus::Normal,
           const std::string &reason = "");
bool is_open() const;

// Timeouts
void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
void set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);

// SSL configuration (wss:// only, requires CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT)
void set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &path);
void set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t store);
void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
```

## Examples

### Echo Server with Connection Logging

```cpp
httplib::Server svr;

svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::cout << "Connected from " << req.remote_addr << std::endl;

    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send("echo: " + msg);
    }

    std::cout << "Disconnected" << std::endl;
});

svr.listen("localhost", 8080);
```

### Client: Continuous Read Loop

```cpp
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("ws://localhost:8080/ws");

if (ws.connect()) {
    ws.send("hello");
    ws.send("world");

    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {           // blocks until a message arrives
        std::cout << msg << std::endl; // "echo: hello", "echo: world"
    }
    // read() returns false when the server closes the connection
}
```

### Text and Binary Messages

Check the `ReadResult` return value to distinguish between text and binary:

```cpp
// Server
svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    httplib::ws::ReadResult ret;
    while ((ret = ws.read(msg))) {
        if (ret == httplib::ws::Text) {
            ws.send("echo: " + msg);
        } else {
            ws.send(msg.data(), msg.size());  // Binary echo
        }
    }
});

// Client
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("ws://localhost:8080/ws");
if (ws.connect()) {
    // Send binary data
    const char binary[] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03};
    ws.send(binary, sizeof(binary));

    // Receive and check the type
    std::string msg;
    if (ws.read(msg) == httplib::ws::Binary) {
        // Process binary data in msg
    }
    ws.close();
}
```

### SSL Client

```cpp
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("wss://echo.example.com/ws");

if (ws.connect()) {
    ws.send("hello over TLS");

    std::string msg;
    if (ws.read(msg)) {
        std::cout << msg << std::endl;
    }
    ws.close();
}
```

### Close with Status

```cpp
// Client-side: close with a specific status code and reason
ws.close(httplib::ws::CloseStatus::GoingAway, "shutting down");

// Server-side: close with a policy violation status
ws.close(httplib::ws::CloseStatus::PolicyViolation, "forbidden");
```

### Accessing the Upgrade Request

```cpp
svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    // Access headers from the original HTTP upgrade request
    auto auth = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
    if (auth.empty()) {
        ws.close(httplib::ws::CloseStatus::PolicyViolation, "unauthorized");
        return;
    }

    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send("echo: " + msg);
    }
});
```

### Custom Headers and Timeouts

```cpp
httplib::Headers headers = {
    {"Authorization", "Bearer token123"}
};

httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("ws://localhost:8080/ws", headers);
ws.set_read_timeout(30, 0);   // 30 seconds
ws.set_write_timeout(10, 0);  // 10 seconds

if (ws.connect()) {
    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        std::cout << msg << std::endl;
    }
}
```

### Subprotocol Negotiation

The server can negotiate a subprotocol with the client using `Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`. This is required for protocols like GraphQL over WebSocket (`graphql-ws`) and MQTT.

```cpp
// Server: register a handler with a subprotocol selector
svr.WebSocket(
    "/ws",
    [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
        std::string msg;
        while (ws.read(msg)) {
            ws.send("echo: " + msg);
        }
    },
    [](const std::vector<std::string> &protocols) -> std::string {
        // The client proposed a list of subprotocols; pick one
        for (const auto &p : protocols) {
            if (p == "graphql-ws" || p == "graphql-transport-ws") {
                return p;
            }
        }
        return "";  // Decline all
    });

// Client: propose subprotocols via Sec-WebSocket-Protocol header
httplib::Headers headers = {
    {"Sec-WebSocket-Protocol", "graphql-ws, graphql-transport-ws"}
};
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("ws://localhost:8080/ws", headers);

if (ws.connect()) {
    // Check which subprotocol the server selected
    std::cout << "Subprotocol: " << ws.subprotocol() << std::endl;
    // => "graphql-ws"
    ws.close();
}
```

### SSL Client with Certificate Configuration

```cpp
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("wss://example.com/ws");
ws.set_ca_cert_path("/path/to/ca-bundle.crt");
ws.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);

if (ws.connect()) {
    ws.send("secure message");
    ws.close();
}
```

## Configuration

| Macro                                       | Default           | Description                                              |
|---------------------------------------------|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| `CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH`   | `16777216` (16MB) | Maximum payload size per message                         |
| `CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND`  | `300`             | Read timeout for WebSocket connections (seconds)         |
| `CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_SECOND` | `5`               | Timeout for waiting peer's Close response (seconds)      |
| `CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND` | `30`              | Automatic Ping interval for heartbeat (seconds)          |

### Runtime Ping Interval

You can override the ping interval at runtime instead of changing the compile-time macro. Set it to `0` to disable automatic pings entirely.

```cpp
// Server side
httplib::Server svr;
svr.set_websocket_ping_interval(10);  // 10 seconds

// Or using std::chrono
svr.set_websocket_ping_interval(std::chrono::seconds(10));

// Client side
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("ws://localhost:8080/ws");
ws.set_websocket_ping_interval(10);  // 10 seconds

// Disable automatic pings
ws.set_websocket_ping_interval(0);
```

## Threading Model

WebSocket connections share the same thread pool as HTTP requests. Each WebSocket connection occupies one thread for its entire lifetime.

The default thread pool uses dynamic scaling: it maintains a base thread count of `CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT` (8 or `std::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1`, whichever is greater) and can scale up to 4x that count under load (`CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT`). When all base threads are busy, temporary threads are spawned automatically up to the maximum. These dynamic threads exit after an idle timeout (`CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT`, default 3 seconds).

This dynamic scaling helps accommodate WebSocket connections alongside HTTP requests. However, if you expect many simultaneous WebSocket connections, you should configure the thread pool accordingly:

```cpp
httplib::Server svr;

svr.new_task_queue = [] {
  return new httplib::ThreadPool(/*base_threads=*/8, /*max_threads=*/128);
};
```

Choose sizes that account for both your expected HTTP load and the maximum number of simultaneous WebSocket connections.

## Protocol

The implementation follows [RFC 6455](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455):

- Handshake via HTTP Upgrade with `Sec-WebSocket-Key` / `Sec-WebSocket-Accept`
- Subprotocol negotiation via `Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`
- Frame masking (client-to-server)
- Control frames: Close, Ping, Pong
- Message fragmentation and reassembly
- Close handshake with status codes

## Browser Test

Run the echo server example and open `http://localhost:8080` in a browser:

```bash
cd example && make wsecho && ./wsecho
```


================================================
FILE: README.md
================================================
# cpp-httplib

[![](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/workflows/test/badge.svg)](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/actions)

A C++11 single-file header-only cross platform HTTP/HTTPS library.<br>
It's extremely easy to set up. Just include the **[httplib.h](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/refs/heads/master/httplib.h)** file in your code!

Learn more in the [official documentation](https://yhirose.github.io/cpp-httplib/) (built with [docs-gen](https://github.com/yhirose/docs-gen)).

> [!IMPORTANT]
> This library uses 'blocking' socket I/O. If you are looking for a library with 'non-blocking' socket I/O, this is not the one that you want.

> [!WARNING]
> 32-bit platforms are **NOT supported**. Use at your own risk. The library may compile on 32-bit targets, but no security review has been conducted for 32-bit environments. Integer truncation and other 32-bit-specific issues may exist. **Security reports that only affect 32-bit platforms will be closed without action.** The maintainer does not have access to 32-bit environments for testing or fixing issues. CI includes basic compile checks only, not functional or security testing.

## Main Features

- HTTP Server/Client
- SSL/TLS support (OpenSSL, MbedTLS, wolfSSL)
- [Stream API](README-stream.md)
- [Server-Sent Events](README-sse.md)
- [WebSocket](README-websocket.md)

## Simple examples

### Server

```c++
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "path/to/httplib.h"

// HTTP
httplib::Server svr;

// HTTPS
httplib::SSLServer svr;

svr.Get("/hi", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
  res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
});

svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
```

### Client

```c++
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "path/to/httplib.h"

// HTTP
httplib::Client cli("http://yhirose.github.io");

// HTTPS
httplib::Client cli("https://yhirose.github.io");

if (auto res = cli.Get("/hi")) {
  res->status;
  res->body;
}
```

## SSL/TLS Support

cpp-httplib supports multiple TLS backends through an abstraction layer:

| Backend | Define | Libraries | Notes |
| :------ | :----- | :-------- | :---- |
| OpenSSL | `CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT` | `libssl`, `libcrypto` | [3.0 or later](https://www.openssl.org/policies/releasestrat.html) required |
| Mbed TLS | `CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT` | `libmbedtls`, `libmbedx509`, `libmbedcrypto` | 2.x and 3.x supported (auto-detected) |
| wolfSSL | `CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT` | `libwolfssl` | 5.x supported; must build with `--enable-opensslall` |

> [!NOTE]
> **Mbed TLS / wolfSSL limitation:** `get_ca_certs()` and `get_ca_names()` only reflect CA certificates loaded via `load_ca_cert_store()`. Certificates loaded through `set_ca_cert_path()` or system certificates (`load_system_certs`) are not enumerable.

```c++
// Use either OpenSSL, Mbed TLS, or wolfSSL
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT   // or CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT or CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
#include "path/to/httplib.h"

// Server
httplib::SSLServer svr("./cert.pem", "./key.pem");

// Client
httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:1234"); // scheme + host
httplib::SSLClient cli("localhost:1234"); // host
httplib::SSLClient cli("localhost", 1234); // host, port

// Use your CA bundle
cli.set_ca_cert_path("./ca-bundle.crt");

// Disable cert verification
cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

// Disable host verification
cli.enable_server_hostname_verification(false);
```

### SSL Error Handling

When SSL operations fail, cpp-httplib provides detailed error information through `ssl_error()` and `ssl_backend_error()`:

- `ssl_error()` - Returns the TLS-level error code (e.g., `SSL_ERROR_SSL` for OpenSSL)
- `ssl_backend_error()` - Returns the backend-specific error code (e.g., `ERR_get_error()` for OpenSSL/wolfSSL, return value for Mbed TLS)

```c++
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT  // or CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT or CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
#include "path/to/httplib.h"

httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");

auto res = cli.Get("/");
if (!res) {
  // Check the error type
  const auto err = res.error();

  switch (err) {
    case httplib::Error::SSLConnection:
      std::cout << "SSL connection failed, SSL error: "
                << res.ssl_error() << std::endl;
      break;

    case httplib::Error::SSLLoadingCerts:
      std::cout << "SSL cert loading failed, backend error: "
                << std::hex << res.ssl_backend_error() << std::endl;
      break;

    case httplib::Error::SSLServerVerification:
      std::cout << "SSL verification failed, verify error: "
                << res.ssl_backend_error() << std::endl;
      break;

    case httplib::Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification:
      std::cout << "SSL hostname verification failed, verify error: "
                << res.ssl_backend_error() << std::endl;
      break;

    default:
      std::cout << "HTTP error: " << httplib::to_string(err) << std::endl;
  }
}
```

### Custom Certificate Verification

You can set a custom verification callback using `tls::VerifyCallback`:

```c++
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");

cli.set_server_certificate_verifier(
    [](const httplib::tls::VerifyContext &ctx) -> bool {
      std::cout << "Subject CN: " << ctx.subject_cn() << std::endl;
      std::cout << "Issuer: " << ctx.issuer_name() << std::endl;
      std::cout << "Depth: " << ctx.depth << std::endl;
      std::cout << "Pre-verified: " << ctx.preverify_ok << std::endl;

      // Inspect SANs (Subject Alternative Names)
      for (const auto &san : ctx.sans()) {
        std::cout << "SAN: " << san.value << std::endl;
      }

      // Return true to accept, false to reject
      return ctx.preverify_ok;
    });
```

### Peer Certificate Inspection

On the server side, you can inspect the client's peer certificate from a request handler:

```c++
httplib::SSLServer svr("./cert.pem", "./key.pem",
                       "./client-ca-cert.pem");

svr.Get("/", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
  auto cert = req.peer_cert();
  if (cert) {
    std::cout << "Client CN: " << cert.subject_cn() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Serial: " << cert.serial() << std::endl;
  }

  auto sni = req.sni();
  std::cout << "SNI: " << sni << std::endl;
});
```

### Platform-specific Certificate Handling

cpp-httplib automatically integrates with the OS certificate store on macOS and Windows. This works with all TLS backends.

| Platform | Behavior | Disable (compile time) |
| :------- | :------- | :--------------------- |
| macOS | Loads system certs from Keychain (link `CoreFoundation` and `Security` with `-framework`) | `CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES` |
| Windows | Verifies certs via CryptoAPI (`CertGetCertificateChain` / `CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy`) with revocation checking | `CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE` |

On Windows, verification can also be disabled at runtime:

```c++
cli.enable_windows_certificate_verification(false);
```

> [!NOTE]
> When using SSL, it seems impossible to avoid SIGPIPE in all cases, since on some operating systems, SIGPIPE can only be suppressed on a per-message basis, but there is no way to make the OpenSSL library do so for its internal communications. If your program needs to avoid being terminated on SIGPIPE, the only fully general way might be to set up a signal handler for SIGPIPE to handle or ignore it yourself.

## Server

```c++
#include <httplib.h>

int main(void)
{
  using namespace httplib;

  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request& req, Response& res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  // Match the request path against a regular expression
  // and extract its captures
  svr.Get(R"(/numbers/(\d+))", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
    auto numbers = req.matches[1];
    res.set_content(numbers, "text/plain");
  });

  // Capture the second segment of the request path as "id" path param
  svr.Get("/users/:id", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
    auto user_id = req.path_params.at("id");
    res.set_content(user_id, "text/plain");
  });

  // Extract values from HTTP headers and URL query params
  svr.Get("/body-header-param", [](const Request& req, Response& res) {
    if (req.has_header("Content-Length")) {
      auto val = req.get_header_value("Content-Length");
    }
    if (req.has_param("key")) {
      auto val = req.get_param_value("key");
    }
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
  });

  // If the handler takes time to finish, you can also poll the connection state
  svr.Get("/task", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
    const char * result = nullptr;
    process.run(); // for example, starting an external process
    while (result == nullptr) {
      sleep(1);
      if (req.is_connection_closed()) {
        process.kill(); // kill the process
        return;
      }
      result = process.stdout(); // != nullptr if the process finishes
    }
    res.set_content(result, "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/stop", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
    svr.stop();
  });

  svr.listen("localhost", 1234);
}
```

`Post`, `Put`, `Patch`, `Delete` and `Options` methods are also supported.

### Bind a socket to multiple interfaces and any available port

```cpp
int port = svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
svr.listen_after_bind();
```

### Static File Server

```cpp
// Mount / to ./www directory
auto ret = svr.set_mount_point("/", "./www");
if (!ret) {
  // The specified base directory doesn't exist...
}

// Mount /public to ./www directory
ret = svr.set_mount_point("/public", "./www");

// Mount /public to ./www1 and ./www2 directories
ret = svr.set_mount_point("/public", "./www1"); // 1st order to search
ret = svr.set_mount_point("/public", "./www2"); // 2nd order to search

// Remove mount /
ret = svr.remove_mount_point("/");

// Remove mount /public
ret = svr.remove_mount_point("/public");
```

```cpp
// User defined file extension and MIME type mappings
svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("cc", "text/x-c");
svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("cpp", "text/x-c");
svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("hh", "text/x-h");
```

The following are built-in mappings:

| Extension  |          MIME Type          | Extension  |          MIME Type          |
| :--------- | :-------------------------- | :--------- | :-------------------------- |
| css        | text/css                    | mpga       | audio/mpeg                  |
| csv        | text/csv                    | weba       | audio/webm                  |
| txt        | text/plain                  | wav        | audio/wave                  |
| vtt        | text/vtt                    | otf        | font/otf                    |
| html, htm  | text/html                   | ttf        | font/ttf                    |
| apng       | image/apng                  | woff       | font/woff                   |
| avif       | image/avif                  | woff2      | font/woff2                  |
| bmp        | image/bmp                   | 7z         | application/x-7z-compressed |
| gif        | image/gif                   | atom       | application/atom+xml        |
| png        | image/png                   | pdf        | application/pdf             |
| svg        | image/svg+xml               | mjs, js    | text/javascript             |
| webp       | image/webp                  | json       | application/json            |
| ico        | image/x-icon                | rss        | application/rss+xml         |
| tif        | image/tiff                  | tar        | application/x-tar           |
| tiff       | image/tiff                  | xhtml, xht | application/xhtml+xml       |
| jpeg, jpg  | image/jpeg                  | xslt       | application/xslt+xml        |
| mp4        | video/mp4                   | xml        | application/xml             |
| mpeg       | video/mpeg                  | gz         | application/gzip            |
| webm       | video/webm                  | zip        | application/zip             |
| mp3        | audio/mp3                   | wasm       | application/wasm            |

> [!WARNING]
> These static file server methods are not thread-safe.

<!-- -->

> [!NOTE]
> On POSIX systems, the static file server rejects requests that resolve (via symlinks) to a path outside the mounted base directory. Ensure that the served directory has appropriate permissions, as managing access to the served directory is the application developer's responsibility.

### File request handler

```cpp
// The handler is called right before the response is sent to a client
svr.set_file_request_handler([](const Request &req, Response &res) {
  ...
});
```

### Logging

cpp-httplib provides separate logging capabilities for access logs and error logs, similar to web servers like Nginx and Apache.

#### Access Logging

Access loggers capture successful HTTP requests and responses:

```cpp
svr.set_logger([](const httplib::Request& req, const httplib::Response& res) {
  std::cout << req.method << " " << req.path << " -> " << res.status << std::endl;
});
```

#### Pre-compression Logging

You can also set a pre-compression logger to capture request/response data before compression is applied:

```cpp
svr.set_pre_compression_logger([](const httplib::Request& req, const httplib::Response& res) {
  // Log before compression - res.body contains uncompressed content
  // Content-Encoding header is not yet set
  your_pre_compression_logger(req, res);
});
```

The pre-compression logger is only called when compression would be applied. For responses without compression, only the access logger is called.

#### Error Logging

Error loggers capture failed requests and connection issues. Unlike access loggers, error loggers only receive the Error and Request information, as errors typically occur before a meaningful Response can be generated.

```cpp
svr.set_error_logger([](const httplib::Error& err, const httplib::Request* req) {
  std::cerr << httplib::to_string(err) << " while processing request";
  if (req) {
    std::cerr << ", client: " << req->get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For")
              << ", request: '" << req->method << " " << req->path << " " << req->version << "'"
              << ", host: " << req->get_header_value("Host");
  }
  std::cerr << std::endl;
});
```

### Error handler

```cpp
svr.set_error_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) {
  auto fmt = "<p>Error Status: <span style='color:red;'>%d</span></p>";
  char buf[BUFSIZ];
  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, res.status);
  res.set_content(buf, "text/html");
});
```

### Exception handler
The exception handler gets called if a user routing handler throws an error.

```cpp
svr.set_exception_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res, std::exception_ptr ep) {
  auto fmt = "<h1>Error 500</h1><p>%s</p>";
  char buf[BUFSIZ];
  try {
    std::rethrow_exception(ep);
  } catch (std::exception &e) {
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, e.what());
  } catch (...) { // See the following NOTE
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, "Unknown Exception");
  }
  res.set_content(buf, "text/html");
  res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
});
```

> [!CAUTION]
> if you don't provide the `catch (...)` block for a rethrown exception pointer, an uncaught exception will end up causing the server crash. Be careful!

### Pre routing handler

```cpp
svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) {
  if (req.path == "/hello") {
    res.set_content("world", "text/html");
    return Server::HandlerResponse::Handled;
  }
  return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
});
```

### Post routing handler

```cpp
svr.set_post_routing_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) {
  res.set_header("ADDITIONAL_HEADER", "value");
});
```

### Pre request handler

```cpp
svr.set_pre_request_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) {
  if (req.matched_route == "/user/:user") {
    auto user = req.path_params.at("user");
    if (user != "john") {
      res.status = StatusCode::Forbidden_403;
      res.set_content("error", "text/html");
      return Server::HandlerResponse::Handled;
    }
  }
  return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
});
```

### Response user data

`res.user_data` is a `std::map<std::string, httplib::any>` that lets pre-routing or pre-request handlers pass arbitrary data to route handlers.

```cpp
struct AuthContext {
  std::string user_id;
  std::string role;
};

svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto& req, auto& res) {
  auto token = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
  res.user_data["auth"] = AuthContext{decode_token(token)};
  return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
});

svr.Get("/me", [](const auto& /*req*/, auto& res) {
  auto* ctx = httplib::any_cast<AuthContext>(&res.user_data["auth"]);
  if (!ctx) {
    res.status = StatusCode::Unauthorized_401;
    return;
  }
  res.set_content("Hello " + ctx->user_id, "text/plain");
});
```

`httplib::any` mirrors the C++17 `std::any` API. On C++17 and later it is an alias for `std::any`; on C++11/14 a compatible implementation is provided.

### Form data handling

#### URL-encoded form data ('application/x-www-form-urlencoded')

```cpp
svr.Post("/form", [&](const auto& req, auto& res) {
  // URL query parameters and form-encoded data are accessible via req.params
  std::string username = req.get_param_value("username");
  std::string password = req.get_param_value("password");

  // Handle multiple values with same name
  auto interests = req.get_param_values("interests");

  // Check existence
  if (req.has_param("newsletter")) {
    // Handle newsletter subscription
  }
});
```

#### 'multipart/form-data' POST data

```cpp
svr.Post("/multipart", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
  // Access text fields (from form inputs without files)
  std::string username = req.form.get_field("username");
  std::string bio = req.form.get_field("bio");

  // Access uploaded files
  if (req.form.has_file("avatar")) {
    const auto& file = req.form.get_file("avatar");
    std::cout << "Uploaded file: " << file.filename
              << " (" << file.content_type << ") - "
              << file.content.size() << " bytes" << std::endl;

    // Access additional headers if needed
    for (const auto& header : file.headers) {
      std::cout << "Header: " << header.first << " = " << header.second << std::endl;
    }

    // IMPORTANT: file.filename is an untrusted value from the client.
    // Always sanitize to prevent path traversal attacks.
    auto safe_name = httplib::sanitize_filename(file.filename);
    if (safe_name.empty()) {
      res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
      res.set_content("Invalid filename", "text/plain");
      return;
    }

    // Save to disk
    std::ofstream ofs(upload_dir + "/" + safe_name, std::ios::binary);
    ofs << file.content;
  }

  // Handle multiple values with same name
  auto tags = req.form.get_fields("tags");  // e.g., multiple checkboxes
  for (const auto& tag : tags) {
    std::cout << "Tag: " << tag << std::endl;
  }

  auto documents = req.form.get_files("documents");  // multiple file upload
  for (const auto& doc : documents) {
    std::cout << "Document: " << doc.filename
              << " (" << doc.content.size() << " bytes)" << std::endl;
  }

  // Check existence before accessing
  if (req.form.has_field("newsletter")) {
    std::cout << "Newsletter subscription: " << req.form.get_field("newsletter") << std::endl;
  }

  // Get counts for validation
  if (req.form.get_field_count("tags") > 5) {
    res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
    res.set_content("Too many tags", "text/plain");
    return;
  }

  // Summary
  std::cout << "Received " << req.form.fields.size() << " text fields and "
            << req.form.files.size() << " files" << std::endl;

  res.set_content("Upload successful", "text/plain");
});
```

#### Filename Sanitization

`file.filename` in multipart uploads is an untrusted value from the client. Always sanitize before using it in file paths:

```cpp
auto safe = httplib::sanitize_filename(file.filename);
```

This function strips path separators (`/`, `\`), null bytes, leading/trailing whitespace, and rejects `.` and `..`. Returns an empty string if the filename is unsafe.

### Receive content with a content receiver

```cpp
svr.Post("/content_receiver",
  [&](const Request &req, Response &res, const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
      // NOTE: `content_reader` is blocking until every form data field is read
      // This approach allows streaming processing of large files
      std::vector<FormData> items;
      content_reader(
        [&](const FormData &item) {
          items.push_back(item);
          return true;
        },
        [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
          items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
          return true;
        });

      // Process the received items
      for (const auto& item : items) {
        if (item.filename.empty()) {
          // Text field
          std::cout << "Field: " << item.name << " = " << item.content << std::endl;
        } else {
          // File
          std::cout << "File: " << item.name << " (" << item.filename << ") - "
                    << item.content.size() << " bytes" << std::endl;
        }
      }
    } else {
      std::string body;
      content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });
    }
  });
```

### Send content with the content provider

```cpp
const size_t DATA_CHUNK_SIZE = 4;

svr.Get("/stream", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
  auto data = new std::string("abcdefg");

  res.set_content_provider(
    data->size(), // Content length
    "text/plain", // Content type
    [&, data](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
      const auto &d = *data;
      sink.write(&d[offset], std::min(length, DATA_CHUNK_SIZE));
      return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the process.
    },
    [data](bool success) { delete data; });
});
```

Without content length:

```cpp
svr.Get("/stream", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
  res.set_content_provider(
    "text/plain", // Content type
    [&](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
      if (/* there is still data */) {
        std::vector<char> data;
        // prepare data...
        sink.write(data.data(), data.size());
      } else {
        sink.done(); // No more data
      }
      return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the process.
    });
});
```

### Chunked transfer encoding

```cpp
svr.Get("/chunked", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
  res.set_chunked_content_provider(
    "text/plain",
    [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
      sink.write("123", 3);
      sink.write("345", 3);
      sink.write("789", 3);
      sink.done(); // No more data
      return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the process.
    }
  );
});
```

With trailer:

```cpp
svr.Get("/chunked", [&](const Request& req, Response& res) {
  res.set_header("Trailer", "Dummy1, Dummy2");
  res.set_chunked_content_provider(
    "text/plain",
    [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
      sink.write("123", 3);
      sink.write("345", 3);
      sink.write("789", 3);
      sink.done_with_trailer({
        {"Dummy1", "DummyVal1"},
        {"Dummy2", "DummyVal2"}
      });
      return true;
    }
  );
});
```

### Send file content

```cpp
svr.Get("/content", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
  res.set_file_content("./path/to/content.html");
});

svr.Get("/content", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
  res.set_file_content("./path/to/content", "text/html");
});
```

### 'Expect: 100-continue' handler

By default, the server sends a `100 Continue` response for an `Expect: 100-continue` header.

```cpp
// Send a '417 Expectation Failed' response.
svr.set_expect_100_continue_handler([](const Request &req, Response &res) {
  return StatusCode::ExpectationFailed_417;
});
```

```cpp
// Send a final status without reading the message body.
svr.set_expect_100_continue_handler([](const Request &req, Response &res) {
  return res.status = StatusCode::Unauthorized_401;
});
```

### Keep-Alive connection

```cpp
svr.set_keep_alive_max_count(2); // Default is 100
svr.set_keep_alive_timeout(10);  // Default is 5
```

### Timeout

```c++
svr.set_read_timeout(5, 0); // 5 seconds
svr.set_write_timeout(5, 0); // 5 seconds
svr.set_idle_interval(0, 100000); // 100 milliseconds
```

### Set maximum payload length for reading a request body

```c++
svr.set_payload_max_length(1024 * 1024 * 512); // 512MB
```

> [!NOTE]
> When the request body content type is 'www-form-urlencoded', the actual payload length shouldn't exceed `CPPHTTPLIB_FORM_URL_ENCODED_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH`.

### Server-Sent Events

Please see [Server example](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/example/ssesvr.cc) and [Client example](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/example/ssecli.cc).

### Default thread pool support

`ThreadPool` is used as the **default** task queue, with dynamic scaling support. By default, it maintains a base thread count of 8 or `std::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1` (whichever is greater), and can scale up to 4x that count under load. You can change these with `CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT` and `CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT`.

When all threads are busy and a new task arrives, a temporary thread is spawned (up to the maximum). When a dynamic thread finishes its task and the queue is empty, or after an idle timeout, it exits automatically. The idle timeout defaults to 3 seconds, configurable via `CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT`.

If you want to set the thread counts at runtime:

```cpp
svr.new_task_queue = [] { return new ThreadPool(/*base_threads=*/8, /*max_threads=*/64); };
```

#### Max queued requests

You can also provide an optional parameter to limit the maximum number
of pending requests, i.e. requests `accept()`ed by the listener but
still waiting to be serviced by worker threads.

```cpp
svr.new_task_queue = [] { return new ThreadPool(/*base_threads=*/12, /*max_threads=*/0, /*max_queued_requests=*/18); };
```

Default limit is 0 (unlimited). Once the limit is reached, the listener
will shutdown the client connection.

### Override the default thread pool with yours

You can supply your own thread pool implementation according to your need.

```cpp
class YourThreadPoolTaskQueue : public TaskQueue {
public:
  YourThreadPoolTaskQueue(size_t n) {
    pool_.start_with_thread_count(n);
  }

  virtual bool enqueue(std::function<void()> fn) override {
    /* Return true if the task was actually enqueued, or false
     * if the caller must drop the corresponding connection. */
    return pool_.enqueue(fn);
  }

  virtual void shutdown() override {
    pool_.shutdown_gracefully();
  }

private:
  YourThreadPool pool_;
};

svr.new_task_queue = [] {
  return new YourThreadPoolTaskQueue(12);
};
```

## Client

```c++
#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>

int main(void)
{
  httplib::Client cli("localhost", 1234);

  if (auto res = cli.Get("/hi")) {
    if (res->status == StatusCode::OK_200) {
      std::cout << res->body << std::endl;
    }
  } else {
    auto err = res.error();
    std::cout << "HTTP error: " << httplib::to_string(err) << std::endl;
  }
}
```

> [!TIP]
> Constructor with scheme-host-port string is now supported!

```c++
httplib::Client cli("localhost");
httplib::Client cli("localhost:8080");
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost");
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
httplib::Client cli("https://localhost");
httplib::SSLClient cli("localhost");
```

### Error code

Here is the list of errors from `Result::error()`.

```c++
enum class Error {
  Success = 0,
  Unknown,
  Connection,
  BindIPAddress,
  Read,
  Write,
  ExceedRedirectCount,
  Canceled,
  SSLConnection,
  SSLLoadingCerts,
  SSLServerVerification,
  SSLServerHostnameVerification,
  UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars,
  Compression,
  ConnectionTimeout,
  ProxyConnection,
  ConnectionClosed,
  Timeout,
  ResourceExhaustion,
  TooManyFormDataFiles,
  ExceedMaxPayloadSize,
  ExceedUriMaxLength,
  ExceedMaxSocketDescriptorCount,
  InvalidRequestLine,
  InvalidHTTPMethod,
  InvalidHTTPVersion,
  InvalidHeaders,
  MultipartParsing,
  OpenFile,
  Listen,
  GetSockName,
  UnsupportedAddressFamily,
  HTTPParsing,
  InvalidRangeHeader,
};
```

### Client Logging

#### Access Logging

```cpp
cli.set_logger([](const httplib::Request& req, const httplib::Response& res) {
  auto duration = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
    std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time).count();
  std::cout << "✓ " << req.method << " " << req.path
            << " -> " << res.status << " (" << res.body.size() << " bytes, "
            << duration << "ms)" << std::endl;
});
```

#### Error Logging

```cpp
cli.set_error_logger([](const httplib::Error& err, const httplib::Request* req) {
  std::cerr << "✗ ";
  if (req) {
    std::cerr << req->method << " " << req->path << " ";
  }
  std::cerr << "failed: " << httplib::to_string(err);

  // Add specific guidance based on error type
  switch (err) {
    case httplib::Error::Connection:
      std::cerr << " (verify server is running and reachable)";
      break;
    case httplib::Error::SSLConnection:
      std::cerr << " (check SSL certificate and TLS configuration)";
      break;
    case httplib::Error::ConnectionTimeout:
      std::cerr << " (increase timeout or check network latency)";
      break;
    case httplib::Error::Read:
      std::cerr << " (server may have closed connection prematurely)";
      break;
    default:
      break;
  }
  std::cerr << std::endl;
});
```

### GET with HTTP headers

```c++
httplib::Headers headers = {
  { "Hello", "World!" }
};
auto res = cli.Get("/hi", headers);
```

or

```c++
auto res = cli.Get("/hi", {{"Hello", "World!"}});
```

or

```c++
cli.set_default_headers({
  { "Hello", "World!" }
});
auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
```

### POST

```c++
res = cli.Post("/post", "text", "text/plain");
res = cli.Post("/person", "name=john1&note=coder", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
```

### POST with parameters

```c++
httplib::Params params;
params.emplace("name", "john");
params.emplace("note", "coder");

auto res = cli.Post("/post", params);
```
 or

```c++
httplib::Params params{
  { "name", "john" },
  { "note", "coder" }
};

auto res = cli.Post("/post", params);
```

### POST with Multipart Form Data

```c++
httplib::UploadFormDataItems items = {
  { "text1", "text default", "", "" },
  { "text2", "aωb", "", "" },
  { "file1", "h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", "hello.txt", "text/plain" },
  { "file2", "{\n  \"world\", true\n}\n", "world.json", "application/json" },
  { "file3", "", "", "application/octet-stream" },
};

auto res = cli.Post("/multipart", items);
```

To upload files from disk without loading them entirely into memory, use `make_file_provider`. The file is sent with chunked transfer encoding.

```cpp
httplib::FormDataProviderItems providers = {
  httplib::make_file_provider("file1", "/path/to/large.bin", "large.bin", "application/octet-stream"),
  httplib::make_file_provider("avatar", "/path/to/photo.jpg", "photo.jpg", "image/jpeg"),
};

auto res = cli.Post("/upload", {}, {}, providers);
```

### POST with a file body

To POST a file as a raw binary body with `Content-Length`, use `make_file_body`.

```cpp
auto [size, provider] = httplib::make_file_body("/path/to/data.bin");
auto res = cli.Post("/upload", size, provider, "application/octet-stream");
```

### PUT

```c++
res = cli.Put("/resource/foo", "text", "text/plain");
```

### PATCH

```c++
res = cli.Patch("/resource/foo", "text", "text/plain");
```

### DELETE

```c++
res = cli.Delete("/resource/foo");
```

### OPTIONS

```c++
res = cli.Options("*");
res = cli.Options("/resource/foo");
```

### Timeout

```c++
cli.set_connection_timeout(0, 300000); // 300 milliseconds
cli.set_read_timeout(5, 0); // 5 seconds
cli.set_write_timeout(5, 0); // 5 seconds

// This method works the same as curl's `--max-time` option
cli.set_max_timeout(5000); // 5 seconds
```

### Set maximum payload length for reading a response body

```c++
cli.set_payload_max_length(1024 * 1024 * 512); // 512MB
```

### Receive content with a content receiver

```c++
std::string body;

auto res = cli.Get("/large-data",
  [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
    body.append(data, data_length);
    return true;
  });
```

```cpp
std::string body;

auto res = cli.Get(
  "/stream", Headers(),
  [&](const Response &response) {
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, response.status);
    return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the request.
  },
  [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
    body.append(data, data_length);
    return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the request.
  });
```

### Send content with a content provider

```cpp
std::string body = ...;

auto res = cli.Post(
  "/stream", body.size(),
  [](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
    sink.write(body.data() + offset, length);
    return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the request.
  },
  "text/plain");
```

### Chunked transfer encoding

```cpp
auto res = cli.Post(
  "/stream",
  [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
    sink.os << "chunked data 1";
    sink.os << "chunked data 2";
    sink.os << "chunked data 3";
    sink.done();
    return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the request.
  },
  "text/plain");
```

### With Progress Callback

```cpp
httplib::Client cli(url, port);

// prints: 0 / 000 bytes => 50% complete
auto res = cli.Get("/", [](size_t len, size_t total) {
  printf("%lld / %lld bytes => %d%% complete\n",
    len, total,
    (int)(len*100/total));
  return true; // return 'false' if you want to cancel the request.
}
);
```

![progress](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/236374/33138910-495c4ecc-cf86-11e7-8693-2fc6d09615c4.gif)

### Authentication

```cpp
// Basic Authentication
cli.set_basic_auth("user", "pass");

// Digest Authentication
cli.set_digest_auth("user", "pass");

// Bearer Token Authentication
cli.set_bearer_token_auth("token");
```

> [!NOTE]
> OpenSSL is required for Digest Authentication.

### Proxy server support

```cpp
cli.set_proxy("host", port);

// Basic Authentication
cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("user", "pass");

// Digest Authentication
cli.set_proxy_digest_auth("user", "pass");

// Bearer Token Authentication
cli.set_proxy_bearer_token_auth("pass");
```

> [!NOTE]
> OpenSSL is required for Digest Authentication.

### Range

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("httpcan.org");

auto res = cli.Get("/range/32", {
  httplib::make_range_header({{1, 10}}) // 'Range: bytes=1-10'
});
// res->status should be 206.
// res->body should be "bcdefghijk".
```

```cpp
httplib::make_range_header({{1, 10}, {20, -1}})      // 'Range: bytes=1-10, 20-'
httplib::make_range_header({{100, 199}, {500, 599}}) // 'Range: bytes=100-199, 500-599'
httplib::make_range_header({{0, 0}, {-1, 1}})        // 'Range: bytes=0-0, -1'
```

### Keep-Alive connection

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("localhost", 1234);

cli.Get("/hello");         // with "Connection: close"

cli.set_keep_alive(true);
cli.Get("/world");

cli.set_keep_alive(false);
cli.Get("/last-request");  // with "Connection: close"
```

### Redirect

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("yahoo.com");

auto res = cli.Get("/");
res->status; // 301

cli.set_follow_location(true);
res = cli.Get("/");
res->status; // 200
```

### Use a specific network interface

> [!NOTE]
> This feature is not available on Windows, yet.

```cpp
cli.set_interface("eth0"); // Interface name, IP address or host name
```

### Automatic Path Encoding

The client automatically encodes special characters in URL paths by default:

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");

// Automatic path encoding (default behavior)
cli.set_path_encode(true);
auto res = cli.Get("/path with spaces/file.txt"); // Automatically encodes spaces

// Disable automatic path encoding
cli.set_path_encode(false);
auto res = cli.Get("/already%20encoded/path"); // Use pre-encoded paths
```

- `set_path_encode(bool on)` - Controls automatic encoding of special characters in URL paths
  - `true` (default): Automatically encodes spaces, plus signs, newlines, and other special characters
  - `false`: Sends paths as-is without encoding (useful for pre-encoded URLs)

### Performance Note for Local Connections

> [!WARNING]
> On Windows systems with improperly configured IPv6 settings, using "localhost" as the hostname may cause significant connection delays (up to 2 seconds per request) due to DNS resolution issues. This affects both client and server operations. For better performance when connecting to local services, use "127.0.0.1" instead of "localhost".
> 
> See: https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/issues/366#issuecomment-593004264

```cpp
// May be slower on Windows due to DNS resolution delays
httplib::Client cli("localhost", 8080);
httplib::Server svr;
svr.listen("localhost", 8080);

// Faster alternative for local connections
httplib::Client cli("127.0.0.1", 8080);
httplib::Server svr;
svr.listen("127.0.0.1", 8080);
```

## Payload Limit

The maximum payload body size is limited to 100MB by default for both server and client. You can change it with `set_payload_max_length()` or by defining `CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH` at compile time. Setting it to `0` disables the limit entirely.

## Compression

The server can apply compression to the following MIME type contents:

- all text types except text/event-stream
- image/svg+xml
- application/javascript
- application/json
- application/xml
- application/protobuf
- application/xhtml+xml

### Zlib Support

'gzip' compression is available with `CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT`. `libz` should be linked.

### Brotli Support

Brotli compression is available with `CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT`. Necessary libraries should be linked.
Please see https://github.com/google/brotli for more detail.

### Zstd Support

Zstd compression is available with `CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT`. Necessary libraries should be linked.
Please see https://github.com/facebook/zstd for more detail.

### Default `Accept-Encoding` value

The default `Accept-Encoding` value contains all possible compression types. So, the following two examples are same.

```c++
res = cli.Get("/resource/foo");
res = cli.Get("/resource/foo", {{"Accept-Encoding", "br, gzip, deflate, zstd"}});
```

If we don't want a response without compression, we have to set `Accept-Encoding` to an empty string. This behavior is similar to curl.

```c++
res = cli.Get("/resource/foo", {{"Accept-Encoding", ""}});
```

### Compress request body on client

```c++
cli.set_compress(true);
res = cli.Post("/resource/foo", "...", "text/plain");
```

### Compress response body on client

```c++
cli.set_decompress(false);
res = cli.Get("/resource/foo");
res->body; // Compressed data

```

Unix Domain Socket Support
--------------------------

Unix Domain Socket support is available on Linux and macOS.

```c++
// Server
httplib::Server svr;
svr.set_address_family(AF_UNIX).listen("./my-socket.sock", 80);

// Client
httplib::Client cli("./my-socket.sock");
cli.set_address_family(AF_UNIX);
```

"my-socket.sock" can be a relative path or an absolute path. Your application must have the appropriate permissions for the path. You can also use an abstract socket address on Linux. To use an abstract socket address, prepend a null byte ('\x00') to the path.

This library automatically sets the Host header to "localhost" for Unix socket connections, similar to curl's behavior:


URI Encoding/Decoding Utilities
-------------------------------

cpp-httplib provides utility functions for URI encoding and decoding:

```cpp
#include <httplib.h>

std::string url = "https://example.com/search?q=hello world";
std::string encoded = httplib::encode_uri(url);
std::string decoded = httplib::decode_uri(encoded);

std::string param = "hello world";
std::string encoded_component = httplib::encode_uri_component(param);
std::string decoded_component = httplib::decode_uri_component(encoded_component);
```

### Functions

- `encode_uri(const std::string &value)` - Encodes a full URI, preserving reserved characters like `://`, `?`, `&`, `=`
- `decode_uri(const std::string &value)` - Decodes a URI-encoded string
- `encode_uri_component(const std::string &value)` - Encodes a URI component (query parameter, path segment), encoding all reserved characters
- `decode_uri_component(const std::string &value)` - Decodes a URI component

Use `encode_uri()` for full URLs and `encode_uri_component()` for individual query parameters or path segments.

## Stream API

Process large responses without loading everything into memory.

```c++
httplib::Client cli("localhost", 8080);
cli.set_follow_location(true);
...

auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/large-file");
if (result) {
  while (result.next()) {
    process(result.data(), result.size());  // Process each chunk as it arrives
  }
}

// Or read the entire body at once
auto result2 = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/file");
if (result2) {
  std::string body = result2.read_all();
}
```

All HTTP methods are supported: `stream::Get`, `Post`, `Put`, `Patch`, `Delete`, `Head`, `Options`.

See [README-stream.md](README-stream.md) for more details.

## SSE Client

```cpp
#include <httplib.h>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
    httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events");

    sse.on_message([](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
        std::cout << "Event: " << msg.event << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Data: " << msg.data << std::endl;
    });

    sse.start();  // Blocking, with auto-reconnect
    return 0;
}
```

See [README-sse.md](README-sse.md) for more details.

## WebSocket

```cpp
// Server
httplib::Server svr;

svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    httplib::ws::Message msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        if (msg.is_text()) {
            ws.send("Echo: " + msg.data);
        }
    }
});

svr.listen("localhost", 8080);
```

```cpp
// Client
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient ws("ws://localhost:8080/ws");

if (ws.connect()) {
    ws.send("Hello, WebSocket!");

    std::string msg;
    if (ws.read(msg)) {
        std::cout << "Received: " << msg << std::endl;
    }

    ws.close();
}
```

SSL is also supported via `wss://` scheme (e.g. `WebSocketClient("wss://example.com/ws")`). Subprotocol negotiation (`Sec-WebSocket-Protocol`) is supported via `SubProtocolSelector` callback.

> **Note:** WebSocket connections occupy a thread for their entire lifetime. If you plan to handle many simultaneous WebSocket connections, consider using a dynamic thread pool: `svr.new_task_queue = [] { return new ThreadPool(8, 64); };`

See [README-websocket.md](README-websocket.md) for more details.

## Split httplib.h into .h and .cc

```console
$ ./split.py -h
usage: split.py [-h] [-e EXTENSION] [-o OUT]

This script splits httplib.h into .h and .cc parts.

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -e EXTENSION, --extension EXTENSION
                        extension of the implementation file (default: cc)
  -o OUT, --out OUT     where to write the files (default: out)

$ ./split.py
Wrote out/httplib.h and out/httplib.cc
```

## Dockerfile for Static HTTP Server

Dockerfile for static HTTP server is available. Port number of this HTTP server is 80, and it serves static files from `/html` directory in the container.

```bash
> docker build -t cpp-httplib-server .
...

> docker run --rm -it -p 8080:80 -v ./docker/html:/html cpp-httplib-server
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 80 ...
192.168.65.1 - - [31/Aug/2024:21:33:56 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 599 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
192.168.65.1 - - [31/Aug/2024:21:34:26 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 599 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
192.168.65.1 - - [31/Aug/2024:21:34:26 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 152 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
```

From Docker Hub

```bash
> docker run --rm -it -p 8080:80 -v ./docker/html:/html yhirose4dockerhub/cpp-httplib-server
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 80 ...
192.168.65.1 - - [31/Aug/2024:21:33:56 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 599 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
192.168.65.1 - - [31/Aug/2024:21:34:26 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 599 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
192.168.65.1 - - [31/Aug/2024:21:34:26 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 152 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
```

NOTE
----

### Regular Expression Stack Overflow

> [!CAUTION]
> When using complex regex patterns in route handlers, be aware that certain patterns may cause stack overflow during pattern matching. This is a known issue with `std::regex` implementations and affects the `dispatch_request()` method.
> 
> ```cpp
> // This pattern can cause stack overflow with large input
> svr.Get(".*", handler);
> ```
> 
> Consider using simpler patterns or path parameters to avoid this issue:
> 
> ```cpp
> // Safer alternatives
> svr.Get("/users/:id", handler);           // Path parameters
> svr.Get(R"(/api/v\d+/.*)", handler);     // More specific patterns
> ```

### g++

g++ 4.8 and below cannot build this library since `<regex>` in the versions are [broken](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12530406/is-gcc-4-8-or-earlier-buggy-about-regular-expressions).

### Windows

Include `httplib.h` before `Windows.h` or include `Windows.h` by defining `WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN` beforehand.

```cpp
#include <httplib.h>
#include <Windows.h>
```

```cpp
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <Windows.h>
#include <httplib.h>
```

> [!NOTE]
> cpp-httplib officially supports only the latest Visual Studio. It might work with former versions of Visual Studio, but I can no longer verify it. Pull requests are always welcome for the older versions of Visual Studio unless they break the C++11 conformance.

> [!NOTE]
> Windows 8 or lower, Visual Studio 2015 or lower, and Cygwin and MSYS2 including MinGW are neither supported nor tested.

## License

MIT license (© 2026 Yuji Hirose)

## Special Thanks To

[These folks](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/graphs/contributors) made great contributions to polish this library to totally another level from a simple toy!


================================================
FILE: benchmark/Makefile
================================================
CXXFLAGS = -O2 -I..

CPPHTTPLIB_CXXFLAGS = -std=c++11
CROW_CXXFLAGS = -std=c++17

CPPHTTPLIB_FLAGS = -DCPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT=16

BENCH = bombardier -c 10 -d 5s localhost:8080
MONITOR = ali http://localhost:8080

# cpp-httplib
bench: server
	@echo "--------------------\n cpp-httplib latest\n--------------------\n"
	@./server & export PID=$$!; $(BENCH); kill $${PID}
	@echo ""

monitor: server
	@./server & export PID=$$!; $(MONITOR); kill $${PID}

run : server
	@./server

server : cpp-httplib/main.cpp ../httplib.h
	@g++ -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPHTTPLIB_CXXFLAGS) $(CPPHTTPLIB_FLAGS) cpp-httplib/main.cpp

# crow
bench-crow: server-crow
	@echo "-------------\n Crow v1.3.1\n-------------\n"
	@./server-crow & export PID=$$!; $(BENCH); kill $${PID}
	@echo ""

monitor-crow: server-crow
	@./server-crow & export PID=$$!; $(MONITOR); kill $${PID}

run-crow : server-crow
	@./server-crow

server-crow : crow/main.cpp crow/crow_all.h
	@g++ -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) $(CROW_CXXFLAGS) crow/main.cpp

# misc
build: server server-crow

bench-all: bench-crow bench

issue:
	bombardier -c 10 -d 30s localhost:8080

clean:
	rm -rf server*


================================================
FILE: benchmark/cpp-httplib/main.cpp
================================================
#include "httplib.h"
using namespace httplib;

int main() {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}


================================================
FILE: benchmark/crow/crow_all.h
================================================
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause AND ISC AND MIT
/*BSD 3-Clause License

Copyright (c) 2014-2017, ipkn
              2020-2026, CrowCpp
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

* Neither the name of the author nor the names of its
  contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
  this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

The Crow logo and other graphic material (excluding third party logos) used are
under exclusive Copyright (c) 2021-2022, Farook Al-Sammarraie (The-EDev), All
rights reserved.
*/
#pragma once
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION

#include <string>
#include <zlib.h>

// http://zlib.net/manual.html
namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{
namespace compression {
// Values used in the 'windowBits' parameter for deflateInit2.
enum algorithm {
  // 15 is the default value for deflate
  DEFLATE = 15,
  // windowBits can also be greater than 15 for optional gzip encoding.
  // Add 16 to windowBits to write a simple gzip header and trailer around the
  // compressed data instead of a zlib wrapper.
  GZIP = 15 | 16,
};

inline std::string compress_string(std::string const &str, algorithm algo) {
  std::string compressed_str;
  z_stream stream{};
  // Initialize with the default values
  if (::deflateInit2(&stream, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, algo, 8,
                     Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY) == Z_OK) {
    char buffer[8192];

    stream.avail_in = str.size();
    // zlib does not take a const pointer. The data is not altered.
    stream.next_in =
        const_cast<Bytef *>(reinterpret_cast<const Bytef *>(str.c_str()));

    int code = Z_OK;
    do {
      stream.avail_out = sizeof(buffer);
      stream.next_out = reinterpret_cast<Bytef *>(&buffer[0]);

      code = ::deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
      // Successful and non-fatal error code returned by deflate when used with
      // Z_FINISH flush
      if (code == Z_OK || code == Z_STREAM_END) {
        std::copy(&buffer[0], &buffer[sizeof(buffer) - stream.avail_out],
                  std::back_inserter(compressed_str));
      }

    } while (code == Z_OK);

    if (code != Z_STREAM_END) compressed_str.clear();

    ::deflateEnd(&stream);
  }

  return compressed_str;
}

inline std::string decompress_string(std::string const &deflated_string) {
  std::string inflated_string;
  Bytef tmp[8192];

  z_stream zstream{};
  zstream.avail_in = deflated_string.size();
  // Nasty const_cast but zlib won't alter its contents
  zstream.next_in = const_cast<Bytef *>(
      reinterpret_cast<Bytef const *>(deflated_string.c_str()));
  // Initialize with automatic header detection, for gzip support
  if (::inflateInit2(&zstream, MAX_WBITS | 32) == Z_OK) {
    do {
      zstream.avail_out = sizeof(tmp);
      zstream.next_out = &tmp[0];

      auto ret = ::inflate(&zstream, Z_NO_FLUSH);
      if (ret == Z_OK || ret == Z_STREAM_END) {
        std::copy(&tmp[0], &tmp[sizeof(tmp) - zstream.avail_out],
                  std::back_inserter(inflated_string));
      } else {
        // Something went wrong with inflate; make sure we return an empty
        // string
        inflated_string.clear();
        break;
      }

    } while (zstream.avail_out == 0);

    // Free zlib's internal memory
    ::inflateEnd(&zstream);
  }

  return inflated_string;
}
} // namespace compression
} // namespace crow

#endif

namespace crow {
constexpr const char VERSION[] = "master";
}

/*
 * SHA1 Wikipedia Page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2012-22 SAURAV MOHAPATRA <mohaps@gmail.com>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

/**
 * \file TinySHA1.hpp
 * \author SAURAV MOHAPATRA <mohaps@gmail.com>
 * \date 2012-22
 * \brief TinySHA1 - a header only implementation of the SHA1 algorithm in C++.
 * Based on the implementation in boost::uuid::details.
 *
 * In this file are defined:
 * - sha1::SHA1
 */
#ifndef _TINY_SHA1_HPP_
#define _TINY_SHA1_HPP_
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <stdint.h>

/**
 * \namespace sha1
 * \brief Here is defined the SHA1 class
 */
namespace sha1 {
/**
 * \class SHA1
 * \brief A tiny SHA1 algorithm implementation used internally in the
 * Crow server (specifically in crow/websocket.h).
 */
class SHA1 {
public:
  typedef uint32_t digest32_t[5];
  typedef uint8_t digest8_t[20];
  inline static uint32_t LeftRotate(uint32_t value, size_t count) {
    return (value << count) ^ (value >> (32 - count));
  }
  SHA1() { reset(); }
  virtual ~SHA1() {}
  SHA1(const SHA1 &s) { *this = s; }
  const SHA1 &operator=(const SHA1 &s) {
    memcpy(m_digest, s.m_digest, 5 * sizeof(uint32_t));
    memcpy(m_block, s.m_block, 64);
    m_blockByteIndex = s.m_blockByteIndex;
    m_byteCount = s.m_byteCount;
    return *this;
  }
  SHA1 &reset() {
    m_digest[0] = 0x67452301;
    m_digest[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
    m_digest[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
    m_digest[3] = 0x10325476;
    m_digest[4] = 0xC3D2E1F0;
    m_blockByteIndex = 0;
    m_byteCount = 0;
    return *this;
  }
  SHA1 &processByte(uint8_t octet) {
    this->m_block[this->m_blockByteIndex++] = octet;
    ++this->m_byteCount;
    if (m_blockByteIndex == 64) {
      this->m_blockByteIndex = 0;
      processBlock();
    }
    return *this;
  }
  SHA1 &processBlock(const void *const start, const void *const end) {
    const uint8_t *begin = static_cast<const uint8_t *>(start);
    const uint8_t *finish = static_cast<const uint8_t *>(end);
    while (begin != finish) {
      processByte(*begin);
      begin++;
    }
    return *this;
  }
  SHA1 &processBytes(const void *const data, size_t len) {
    const uint8_t *block = static_cast<const uint8_t *>(data);
    processBlock(block, block + len);
    return *this;
  }
  const uint32_t *getDigest(digest32_t digest) {
    size_t bitCount = this->m_byteCount * 8;
    processByte(0x80);
    if (this->m_blockByteIndex > 56) {
      while (m_blockByteIndex != 0) {
        processByte(0);
      }
      while (m_blockByteIndex < 56) {
        processByte(0);
      }
    } else {
      while (m_blockByteIndex < 56) {
        processByte(0);
      }
    }
    processByte(0);
    processByte(0);
    processByte(0);
    processByte(0);
    processByte(static_cast<unsigned char>((bitCount >> 24) & 0xFF));
    processByte(static_cast<unsigned char>((bitCount >> 16) & 0xFF));
    processByte(static_cast<unsigned char>((bitCount >> 8) & 0xFF));
    processByte(static_cast<unsigned char>((bitCount) & 0xFF));

    memcpy(digest, m_digest, 5 * sizeof(uint32_t));
    return digest;
  }
  const uint8_t *getDigestBytes(digest8_t digest) {
    digest32_t d32;
    getDigest(d32);
    size_t di = 0;
    digest[di++] = ((d32[0] >> 24) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[0] >> 16) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[0] >> 8) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[0]) & 0xFF);

    digest[di++] = ((d32[1] >> 24) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[1] >> 16) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[1] >> 8) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[1]) & 0xFF);

    digest[di++] = ((d32[2] >> 24) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[2] >> 16) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[2] >> 8) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[2]) & 0xFF);

    digest[di++] = ((d32[3] >> 24) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[3] >> 16) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[3] >> 8) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[3]) & 0xFF);

    digest[di++] = ((d32[4] >> 24) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[4] >> 16) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[4] >> 8) & 0xFF);
    digest[di++] = ((d32[4]) & 0xFF);
    return digest;
  }

protected:
  void processBlock() {
    uint32_t w[80];
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
      w[i] = (m_block[i * 4 + 0] << 24);
      w[i] |= (m_block[i * 4 + 1] << 16);
      w[i] |= (m_block[i * 4 + 2] << 8);
      w[i] |= (m_block[i * 4 + 3]);
    }
    for (size_t i = 16; i < 80; i++) {
      w[i] = LeftRotate((w[i - 3] ^ w[i - 8] ^ w[i - 14] ^ w[i - 16]), 1);
    }

    uint32_t a = m_digest[0];
    uint32_t b = m_digest[1];
    uint32_t c = m_digest[2];
    uint32_t d = m_digest[3];
    uint32_t e = m_digest[4];

    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 80; ++i) {
      uint32_t f = 0;
      uint32_t k = 0;

      if (i < 20) {
        f = (b & c) | (~b & d);
        k = 0x5A827999;
      } else if (i < 40) {
        f = b ^ c ^ d;
        k = 0x6ED9EBA1;
      } else if (i < 60) {
        f = (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d);
        k = 0x8F1BBCDC;
      } else {
        f = b ^ c ^ d;
        k = 0xCA62C1D6;
      }
      uint32_t temp = LeftRotate(a, 5) + f + e + k + w[i];
      e = d;
      d = c;
      c = LeftRotate(b, 30);
      b = a;
      a = temp;
    }

    m_digest[0] += a;
    m_digest[1] += b;
    m_digest[2] += c;
    m_digest[3] += d;
    m_digest[4] += e;
  }

private:
  digest32_t m_digest;
  uint8_t m_block[64];
  size_t m_blockByteIndex;
  size_t m_byteCount;
};
} // namespace sha1
#endif

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>

namespace crow {

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// qs_parse (modified)
// https://github.com/bartgrantham/qs_parse
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*  Similar to strncmp, but handles URL-encoding for either string  */
int qs_strncmp(const char *s, const char *qs, size_t n);

/*  Finds the beginning of each key/value pair and stores a pointer in qs_kv.
 *  Also decodes the value portion of the k/v pair *in-place*.  In a future
 *  enhancement it will also have a compile-time option of sorting qs_kv
 *  alphabetically by key.  */
size_t qs_parse(char *qs, char *qs_kv[], size_t qs_kv_size, bool parse_url);

/*  Used by qs_parse to decode the value portion of a k/v pair  */
int qs_decode(char *qs);

/*  Looks up the value according to the key on a pre-processed query string
 *  A future enhancement will be a compile-time option to look up the key
 *  in a pre-sorted qs_kv array via a binary search.  */
// char * qs_k2v(const char * key, char * qs_kv[], int qs_kv_size);
char *qs_k2v(const char *key, char *const *qs_kv, size_t qs_kv_size, int nth);

/*  Non-destructive lookup of value, based on key.  User provides the
 *  destinaton string and length.  */
char *qs_scanvalue(const char *key, const char *qs, char *val, size_t val_len);

// TODO: implement sorting of the qs_kv array; for now ensure it's not compiled
#undef _qsSORTING

// isxdigit _is_ available in <ctype.h>, but let's avoid another header instead
#define CROW_QS_ISHEX(x)                                                       \
  ((((x) >= '0' && (x) <= '9') || ((x) >= 'A' && (x) <= 'F') ||                \
    ((x) >= 'a' && (x) <= 'f'))                                                \
       ? 1                                                                     \
       : 0)
#define CROW_QS_HEX2DEC(x)                                                     \
  (((x) >= '0' && (x) <= '9')   ? (x) - 48                                     \
   : ((x) >= 'A' && (x) <= 'F') ? (x) - 55                                     \
   : ((x) >= 'a' && (x) <= 'f') ? (x) - 87                                     \
                                : 0)
#define CROW_QS_ISQSCHR(x)                                                     \
  ((((x) == '=') || ((x) == '#') || ((x) == '&') || ((x) == '\0')) ? 0 : 1)

inline int qs_strncmp(const char *s, const char *qs, size_t n) {
  unsigned char u1, u2, unyb, lnyb;

  while (n-- > 0) {
    u1 = static_cast<unsigned char>(*s++);
    u2 = static_cast<unsigned char>(*qs++);

    if (!CROW_QS_ISQSCHR(u1)) { u1 = '\0'; }
    if (!CROW_QS_ISQSCHR(u2)) { u2 = '\0'; }

    if (u1 == '+') { u1 = ' '; }
    if (u1 == '%') // easier/safer than scanf
    {
      unyb = static_cast<unsigned char>(*s++);
      lnyb = static_cast<unsigned char>(*s++);
      if (CROW_QS_ISHEX(unyb) && CROW_QS_ISHEX(lnyb))
        u1 = (CROW_QS_HEX2DEC(unyb) * 16) + CROW_QS_HEX2DEC(lnyb);
      else
        u1 = '\0';
    }

    if (u2 == '+') { u2 = ' '; }
    if (u2 == '%') // easier/safer than scanf
    {
      unyb = static_cast<unsigned char>(*qs++);
      lnyb = static_cast<unsigned char>(*qs++);
      if (CROW_QS_ISHEX(unyb) && CROW_QS_ISHEX(lnyb))
        u2 = (CROW_QS_HEX2DEC(unyb) * 16) + CROW_QS_HEX2DEC(lnyb);
      else
        u2 = '\0';
    }

    if (u1 != u2) return u1 - u2;
    if (u1 == '\0') return 0;
  }
  if (CROW_QS_ISQSCHR(*qs))
    return -1;
  else
    return 0;
}

inline size_t qs_parse(char *qs, char *qs_kv[], size_t qs_kv_size,
                       bool parse_url = true) {
  size_t i, j;
  char *substr_ptr;

  for (i = 0; i < qs_kv_size; i++)
    qs_kv[i] = NULL;

  // find the beginning of the k/v substrings or the fragment
  substr_ptr = parse_url ? qs + strcspn(qs, "?#") : qs;
  if (parse_url) {
    if (substr_ptr[0] != '\0')
      substr_ptr++;
    else
      return 0; // no query or fragment
  }

  i = 0;
  while (i < qs_kv_size) {
    qs_kv[i] = substr_ptr;
    j = strcspn(substr_ptr, "&");
    if (substr_ptr[j] == '\0') {
      i++;
      break;
    } // x &'s -> means x iterations of this loop -> means *x+1* k/v pairs
    substr_ptr += j + 1;
    i++;
  }

  // we only decode the values in place, the keys could have '='s in them
  // which will hose our ability to distinguish keys from values later
  for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
    substr_ptr = qs_kv[j] + strcspn(qs_kv[j], "=&#");
    if (substr_ptr[0] == '&' ||
        substr_ptr[0] == '\0') // blank value: skip decoding
      substr_ptr[0] = '\0';
    else
      qs_decode(++substr_ptr);
  }

#ifdef _qsSORTING
// TODO: qsort qs_kv, using qs_strncmp() for the comparison
#endif

  return i;
}

inline int qs_decode(char *qs) {
  int i = 0, j = 0;

  while (CROW_QS_ISQSCHR(qs[j])) {
    if (qs[j] == '+') {
      qs[i] = ' ';
    } else if (qs[j] == '%') // easier/safer than scanf
    {
      if (!CROW_QS_ISHEX(qs[j + 1]) || !CROW_QS_ISHEX(qs[j + 2])) {
        qs[i] = '\0';
        return i;
      }
      qs[i] = (CROW_QS_HEX2DEC(qs[j + 1]) * 16) + CROW_QS_HEX2DEC(qs[j + 2]);
      j += 2;
    } else {
      qs[i] = qs[j];
    }
    i++;
    j++;
  }
  qs[i] = '\0';

  return i;
}

inline char *qs_k2v(const char *key, char *const *qs_kv, size_t qs_kv_size,
                    int nth = 0) {
  size_t i;
  size_t key_len, skip;

  key_len = strlen(key);

#ifdef _qsSORTING
// TODO: binary search for key in the sorted qs_kv
#else  // _qsSORTING
  for (i = 0; i < qs_kv_size; i++) {
    // we rely on the unambiguous '=' to find the value in our k/v pair
    if (qs_strncmp(key, qs_kv[i], key_len) == 0) {
      skip = strcspn(qs_kv[i], "=");
      if (qs_kv[i][skip] == '=') skip++;
      // return (zero-char value) ? ptr to trailing '\0' : ptr to value
      if (nth == 0)
        return qs_kv[i] + skip;
      else
        --nth;
    }
  }
#endif // _qsSORTING

  return nullptr;
}

inline std::unique_ptr<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>
qs_dict_name2kv(const char *dict_name, char *const *qs_kv, size_t qs_kv_size,
                int nth = 0) {
  size_t i;
  size_t name_len, skip_to_eq, skip_to_brace_open, skip_to_brace_close;

  name_len = strlen(dict_name);

#ifdef _qsSORTING
// TODO: binary search for key in the sorted qs_kv
#else  // _qsSORTING
  for (i = 0; i < qs_kv_size; i++) {
    if (strncmp(dict_name, qs_kv[i], name_len) == 0) {
      skip_to_eq = strcspn(qs_kv[i], "=");
      if (qs_kv[i][skip_to_eq] == '=') skip_to_eq++;
      skip_to_brace_open = strcspn(qs_kv[i], "[");
      if (qs_kv[i][skip_to_brace_open] == '[') skip_to_brace_open++;
      skip_to_brace_close = strcspn(qs_kv[i], "]");

      if (skip_to_brace_open <= skip_to_brace_close && skip_to_brace_open > 0 &&
          skip_to_brace_close > 0 && nth == 0) {
        auto key = std::string(qs_kv[i] + skip_to_brace_open,
                               skip_to_brace_close - skip_to_brace_open);
        auto value = std::string(qs_kv[i] + skip_to_eq);
        return std::unique_ptr<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>(
            new std::pair<std::string, std::string>(key, value));
      } else {
        --nth;
      }
    }
  }
#endif // _qsSORTING

  return nullptr;
}

inline char *qs_scanvalue(const char *key, const char *qs, char *val,
                          size_t val_len) {
  const char *tmp = strchr(qs, '?');

  // find the beginning of the k/v substrings
  if (tmp != nullptr) qs = tmp + 1;

  const size_t key_len = strlen(key);
  while (*qs != '#' && *qs != '\0') {
    if (qs_strncmp(key, qs, key_len) == 0) break;
    qs += strcspn(qs, "&");
    if (*qs == '&') qs++;
  }

  if (qs[0] == '\0') return nullptr;

  qs += strcspn(qs, "=&#");
  if (qs[0] == '=') {
    qs++;
    size_t i = strcspn(qs, "&=#");
#ifdef _MSC_VER
    strncpy_s(val, val_len, qs,
              (val_len - 1) < (i + 1) ? (val_len - 1) : (i + 1));
#else
    strncpy(val, qs, (val_len - 1) < (i + 1) ? (val_len - 1) : (i + 1));
#endif
    qs_decode(val);
  } else {
    if (val_len > 0) val[0] = '\0';
  }

  return val;
}
} // namespace crow
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace crow {
struct request;
/// A class to represent any data coming after the `?` in the request URL into
/// key-value pairs.
class query_string {
public:
  static const int MAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS_COUNT = 256;

  query_string() = default;

  query_string(const query_string &qs) : url_(qs.url_) {
    for (auto p : qs.key_value_pairs_) {
      key_value_pairs_.push_back((char *)(p - qs.url_.c_str() + url_.c_str()));
    }
  }

  query_string &operator=(const query_string &qs) {
    url_ = qs.url_;
    key_value_pairs_.clear();
    for (auto p : qs.key_value_pairs_) {
      key_value_pairs_.push_back((char *)(p - qs.url_.c_str() + url_.c_str()));
    }
    return *this;
  }

  query_string &operator=(query_string &&qs) noexcept {
    key_value_pairs_ = std::move(qs.key_value_pairs_);
    char *old_data = (char *)qs.url_.c_str();
    url_ = std::move(qs.url_);
    for (auto &p : key_value_pairs_) {
      p += (char *)url_.c_str() - old_data;
    }
    return *this;
  }

  query_string(std::string params, bool url = true) : url_(std::move(params)) {
    if (url_.empty()) return;

    key_value_pairs_.resize(MAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS_COUNT);
    size_t count = qs_parse(&url_[0], &key_value_pairs_[0],
                            MAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS_COUNT, url);

    key_value_pairs_.resize(count);
    key_value_pairs_.shrink_to_fit();
  }

  void clear() {
    key_value_pairs_.clear();
    url_.clear();
  }

  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const query_string &qs) {
    os << "[ ";
    for (size_t i = 0; i < qs.key_value_pairs_.size(); ++i) {
      if (i) os << ", ";
      os << qs.key_value_pairs_[i];
    }
    os << " ]";
    return os;
  }

  /// Get a value from a name, used for `?name=value`.

  ///
  /// Note: this method returns the value of the first occurrence of the key
  /// only, to return all occurrences, see \ref get_list().
  char *get(const std::string &name) const {
    char *ret =
        qs_k2v(name.c_str(), key_value_pairs_.data(), key_value_pairs_.size());
    return ret;
  }

  /// Works similar to \ref get() except it removes the item from the query
  /// string.
  char *pop(const std::string &name) {
    char *ret = get(name);
    if (ret != nullptr) {
      const std::string key_name = name + '=';
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < key_value_pairs_.size(); i++) {
        std::string str_item(key_value_pairs_[i]);
        if (str_item.find(key_name) == 0) {
          key_value_pairs_.erase(key_value_pairs_.begin() + i);
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    return ret;
  }

  /// Returns a list of values, passed as
  /// `?name[]=value1&name[]=value2&...name[]=valuen` with n being the size of
  /// the list.

  ///
  /// Note: Square brackets in the above example are controlled by
  /// `use_brackets` boolean (true by default). If set to false, the example
  /// becomes `?name=value1,name=value2...name=valuen`
  std::vector<char *> get_list(const std::string &name,
                               bool use_brackets = true) const {
    std::vector<char *> ret;
    std::string plus = name + (use_brackets ? "[]" : "");
    char *element = nullptr;

    int count = 0;
    while (1) {
      element = qs_k2v(plus.c_str(), key_value_pairs_.data(),
                       key_value_pairs_.size(), count++);
      if (!element) break;
      ret.push_back(element);
    }
    return ret;
  }

  /// Similar to \ref get_list() but it removes the
  std::vector<char *> pop_list(const std::string &name,
                               bool use_brackets = true) {
    std::vector<char *> ret = get_list(name, use_brackets);
    const size_t name_len = name.length();
    if (!ret.empty()) {
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < key_value_pairs_.size(); i++) {
        std::string str_item(key_value_pairs_[i]);
        if (str_item.find(name) == 0) {
          if (use_brackets && str_item.find("[]=", name_len) == name_len) {
            key_value_pairs_.erase(key_value_pairs_.begin() + i--);
          } else if (!use_brackets &&
                     str_item.find('=', name_len) == name_len) {
            key_value_pairs_.erase(key_value_pairs_.begin() + i--);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    return ret;
  }

  /// Works similar to \ref get_list() except the brackets are mandatory must
  /// not be empty.

  ///
  /// For example calling `get_dict(yourname)` on
  /// `?yourname[sub1]=42&yourname[sub2]=84` would give a map containing `{sub1
  /// : 42, sub2 : 84}`.
  ///
  /// if your query string has both empty brackets and ones with a key inside,
  /// use pop_list() to get all the values without a key before running this
  /// method.
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>
  get_dict(const std::string &name) const {
    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> ret;

    int count = 0;
    while (1) {
      if (auto element = qs_dict_name2kv(name.c_str(), key_value_pairs_.data(),
                                         key_value_pairs_.size(), count++))
        ret.insert(*element);
      else
        break;
    }
    return ret;
  }

  /// Works the same as \ref get_dict() but removes the values from the query
  /// string.
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>
  pop_dict(const std::string &name) {
    const std::string name_value = name + '[';
    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> ret = get_dict(name);
    if (!ret.empty()) {
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < key_value_pairs_.size(); i++) {
        std::string str_item(key_value_pairs_[i]);
        if (str_item.find(name_value) == 0) {
          key_value_pairs_.erase(key_value_pairs_.begin() + i--);
        }
      }
    }
    return ret;
  }

  std::vector<std::string> keys() const {
    std::vector<std::string> keys;
    keys.reserve(key_value_pairs_.size());

    for (const char *const element : key_value_pairs_) {
      const char *delimiter = strchr(element, '=');
      if (delimiter)
        keys.emplace_back(element, delimiter);
      else
        keys.emplace_back(element);
    }

    return keys;
  }

private:
  std::string url_;
  std::vector<char *> key_value_pairs_;
};

} // namespace crow

// This file is generated from nginx/conf/mime.types using nginx_mime2cpp.py on
// 2021-12-03.
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>

namespace crow {
const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> mime_types{
    {"gz", "application/gzip"},
    {"shtml", "text/html"},
    {"htm", "text/html"},
    {"html", "text/html"},
    {"css", "text/css"},
    {"xml", "text/xml"},
    {"gif", "image/gif"},
    {"jpg", "image/jpeg"},
    {"jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
    {"js", "application/javascript"},
    {"atom", "application/atom+xml"},
    {"rss", "application/rss+xml"},
    {"mml", "text/mathml"},
    {"txt", "text/plain"},
    {"jad", "text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor"},
    {"wml", "text/vnd.wap.wml"},
    {"htc", "text/x-component"},
    {"avif", "image/avif"},
    {"png", "image/png"},
    {"svgz", "image/svg+xml"},
    {"svg", "image/svg+xml"},
    {"tiff", "image/tiff"},
    {"tif", "image/tiff"},
    {"wbmp", "image/vnd.wap.wbmp"},
    {"webp", "image/webp"},
    {"ico", "image/x-icon"},
    {"jng", "image/x-jng"},
    {"bmp", "image/x-ms-bmp"},
    {"woff", "font/woff"},
    {"woff2", "font/woff2"},
    {"ear", "application/java-archive"},
    {"war", "application/java-archive"},
    {"jar", "application/java-archive"},
    {"json", "application/json"},
    {"hqx", "application/mac-binhex40"},
    {"doc", "application/msword"},
    {"pdf", "application/pdf"},
    {"ai", "application/postscript"},
    {"eps", "application/postscript"},
    {"ps", "application/postscript"},
    {"rtf", "application/rtf"},
    {"m3u8", "application/vnd.apple.mpegurl"},
    {"kml", "application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml"},
    {"kmz", "application/vnd.google-earth.kmz"},
    {"xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
    {"eot", "application/vnd.ms-fontobject"},
    {"ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
    {"odg", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics"},
    {"odp", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation"},
    {"ods", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet"},
    {"odt", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text"},
    {"pptx", "application/"
             "vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},
    {"xlsx",
     "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},
    {"docx",
     "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},
    {"wmlc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlc"},
    {"wasm", "application/wasm"},
    {"7z", "application/x-7z-compressed"},
    {"cco", "application/x-cocoa"},
    {"jardiff", "application/x-java-archive-diff"},
    {"jnlp", "application/x-java-jnlp-file"},
    {"run", "application/x-makeself"},
    {"pm", "application/x-perl"},
    {"pl", "application/x-perl"},
    {"pdb", "application/x-pilot"},
    {"prc", "application/x-pilot"},
    {"rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"},
    {"rpm", "application/x-redhat-package-manager"},
    {"sea", "application/x-sea"},
    {"swf", "application/x-shockwave-flash"},
    {"sit", "application/x-stuffit"},
    {"tk", "application/x-tcl"},
    {"tcl", "application/x-tcl"},
    {"crt", "application/x-x509-ca-cert"},
    {"pem", "application/x-x509-ca-cert"},
    {"der", "application/x-x509-ca-cert"},
    {"xpi", "application/x-xpinstall"},
    {"xhtml", "application/xhtml+xml"},
    {"xspf", "application/xspf+xml"},
    {"zip", "application/zip"},
    {"dll", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"exe", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"bin", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"deb", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"dmg", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"img", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"iso", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"msm", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"msp", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"msi", "application/octet-stream"},
    {"kar", "audio/midi"},
    {"midi", "audio/midi"},
    {"mid", "audio/midi"},
    {"mp3", "audio/mpeg"},
    {"ogg", "audio/ogg"},
    {"m4a", "audio/x-m4a"},
    {"ra", "audio/x-realaudio"},
    {"3gp", "video/3gpp"},
    {"3gpp", "video/3gpp"},
    {"ts", "video/mp2t"},
    {"mp4", "video/mp4"},
    {"mpg", "video/mpeg"},
    {"mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
    {"mov", "video/quicktime"},
    {"webm", "video/webm"},
    {"flv", "video/x-flv"},
    {"m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
    {"mng", "video/x-mng"},
    {"asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
    {"asx", "video/x-ms-asf"},
    {"wmv", "video/x-ms-wmv"},
    {"avi", "video/x-msvideo"}};
}

// settings for crow
// TODO(ipkn) replace with runtime config. libucl?

/* #ifdef - enables debug mode */
// #define CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG

/* #ifdef - enables logging */
#define CROW_ENABLE_LOGGING

/* #ifdef - enforces section 5.2 and 6.1 of RFC6455 (only accepting masked
 * messages from clients) */
// #define CROW_ENFORCE_WS_SPEC

/* #define - specifies log level */
/*
    Debug       = 0
    Info        = 1
    Warning     = 2
    Error       = 3
    Critical    = 4

    default to INFO
*/
#ifndef CROW_LOG_LEVEL
#define CROW_LOG_LEVEL 1
#endif

#ifndef CROW_STATIC_DIRECTORY
#define CROW_STATIC_DIRECTORY "static/"
#endif
#ifndef CROW_STATIC_ENDPOINT
#define CROW_STATIC_ENDPOINT "/static/<path>"
#endif

// compiler flags

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#if _MSC_VER < 1900
#define CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
#define constexpr const
#define noexcept throw()
#endif
#endif

#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/version.hpp>
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
#endif
#else
#ifndef ASIO_STANDALONE
#define ASIO_STANDALONE
#endif
#include <asio.hpp>
#include <asio/version.hpp>
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
#include <asio/ssl.hpp>
#endif
#endif

#if (defined(CROW_USE_BOOST) && BOOST_VERSION >= 107000) ||                    \
    (ASIO_VERSION >= 101008)
#define GET_IO_CONTEXT(s) ((asio::io_context &)(s).get_executor().context())
#else
#define GET_IO_CONTEXT(s) ((s).get_io_service())
#endif

namespace crow {
#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
namespace asio = boost::asio;
using error_code = boost::system::error_code;
#else
using error_code = asio::error_code;
#endif
using tcp = asio::ip::tcp;
using stream_protocol = asio::local::stream_protocol;

/// A wrapper for the asio::ip::tcp::socket and asio::ssl::stream
struct SocketAdaptor {
  using context = void;
  SocketAdaptor(asio::io_context &io_context, context *)
      : socket_(io_context) {}

  asio::io_context &get_io_context() { return GET_IO_CONTEXT(socket_); }

  /// Get the TCP socket handling data transfers, regardless of what layer is
  /// handling transfers on top of the socket.
  tcp::socket &raw_socket() { return socket_; }

  /// Get the object handling data transfers, this can be either a TCP socket or
  /// an SSL stream (if SSL is enabled).
  tcp::socket &socket() { return socket_; }

  tcp::endpoint remote_endpoint() const { return socket_.remote_endpoint(); }

  std::string address() const {
    return socket_.remote_endpoint().address().to_string();
  }

  bool is_open() const { return socket_.is_open(); }

  void close() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.close(ec);
  }

  void shutdown_readwrite() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_both, ec);
  }

  void shutdown_write() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_send, ec);
  }

  void shutdown_read() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_receive, ec);
  }

  template <typename F> void start(F f) { f(error_code()); }

  tcp::socket socket_;
};

struct UnixSocketAdaptor {
  using context = void;
  UnixSocketAdaptor(asio::io_context &io_context, context *)
      : socket_(io_context) {}

  asio::io_context &get_io_context() { return GET_IO_CONTEXT(socket_); }

  stream_protocol::socket &raw_socket() { return socket_; }

  stream_protocol::socket &socket() { return socket_; }

  stream_protocol::endpoint remote_endpoint() {
    return socket_.local_endpoint();
  }

  std::string address() const { return ""; }

  bool is_open() { return socket_.is_open(); }

  void close() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.close(ec);
  }

  void shutdown_readwrite() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_both, ec);
  }

  void shutdown_write() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_send, ec);
  }

  void shutdown_read() {
    error_code ec;
    socket_.shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_receive, ec);
  }

  template <typename F> void start(F f) { f(error_code()); }

  stream_protocol::socket socket_;
};

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
struct SSLAdaptor {
  using context = asio::ssl::context;
  using ssl_socket_t = asio::ssl::stream<tcp::socket>;
  SSLAdaptor(asio::io_context &io_context, context *ctx)
      : ssl_socket_(new ssl_socket_t(io_context, *ctx)) {}

  asio::ssl::stream<tcp::socket> &socket() { return *ssl_socket_; }

  tcp::socket::lowest_layer_type &raw_socket() {
    return ssl_socket_->lowest_layer();
  }

  tcp::endpoint remote_endpoint() { return raw_socket().remote_endpoint(); }

  std::string address() const {
    return ssl_socket_->lowest_layer().remote_endpoint().address().to_string();
  }

  bool is_open() { return ssl_socket_ ? raw_socket().is_open() : false; }

  void close() {
    if (is_open()) {
      error_code ec;
      raw_socket().close(ec);
    }
  }

  void shutdown_readwrite() {
    if (is_open()) {
      error_code ec;
      raw_socket().shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_both,
                            ec);
    }
  }

  void shutdown_write() {
    if (is_open()) {
      error_code ec;
      raw_socket().shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_send,
                            ec);
    }
  }

  void shutdown_read() {
    if (is_open()) {
      error_code ec;
      raw_socket().shutdown(asio::socket_base::shutdown_type::shutdown_receive,
                            ec);
    }
  }

  asio::io_context &get_io_context() { return GET_IO_CONTEXT(raw_socket()); }

  template <typename F> void start(F f) {
    ssl_socket_->async_handshake(asio::ssl::stream_base::server,
                                 [f](const error_code &ec) { f(ec); });
  }

  std::unique_ptr<asio::ssl::stream<tcp::socket>> ssl_socket_;
};
#endif
} // namespace crow

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

namespace crow {
enum class LogLevel {
#ifndef ERROR
#ifndef DEBUG
  DEBUG = 0,
  INFO,
  WARNING,
  ERROR,
  CRITICAL,
#endif
#endif

  Debug = 0,
  Info,
  Warning,
  Error,
  Critical,
};

class ILogHandler {
public:
  virtual ~ILogHandler() = default;

  virtual void log(const std::string &message, LogLevel level) = 0;
};

class CerrLogHandler : public ILogHandler {
public:
  void log(const std::string &message, LogLevel level) override {
    std::string log_msg;
    log_msg.reserve(message.length() + 1 + 32 + 3 + 8 + 2);
    log_msg.append("(").append(timestamp()).append(") [");

    switch (level) {
    case LogLevel::Debug: log_msg.append("DEBUG   "); break;
    case LogLevel::Info: log_msg.append("INFO    "); break;
    case LogLevel::Warning: log_msg.append("WARNING "); break;
    case LogLevel::Error: log_msg.append("ERROR   "); break;
    case LogLevel::Critical: log_msg.append("CRITICAL"); break;
    }

    log_msg.append("] ").append(message);

    std::cerr << log_msg << std::endl;
  }

private:
  static std::string timestamp() {
    char date[32];
    time_t t = time(0);

    tm my_tm;

#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
#ifdef CROW_USE_LOCALTIMEZONE
    localtime_s(&my_tm, &t);
#else
    gmtime_s(&my_tm, &t);
#endif
#else
#ifdef CROW_USE_LOCALTIMEZONE
    localtime_r(&t, &my_tm);
#else
    gmtime_r(&t, &my_tm);
#endif
#endif

    size_t sz = strftime(date, sizeof(date), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", &my_tm);
    return std::string(date, date + sz);
  }
};

class logger {
public:
  logger(LogLevel level) : level_(level) {}
  ~logger() {
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_LOGGING
    if (level_ >= get_current_log_level()) {
      get_handler_ref()->log(stringstream_.str(), level_);
    }
#endif
  }

  //
  template <typename T> logger &operator<<(T const &value) {
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_LOGGING
    if (level_ >= get_current_log_level()) { stringstream_ << value; }
#endif
    return *this;
  }

  //
  static void setLogLevel(LogLevel level) { get_log_level_ref() = level; }

  static void setHandler(ILogHandler *handler) { get_handler_ref() = handler; }

  static LogLevel get_current_log_level() { return get_log_level_ref(); }

private:
  //
  static LogLevel &get_log_level_ref() {
    static LogLevel current_level = static_cast<LogLevel>(CROW_LOG_LEVEL);
    return current_level;
  }
  static ILogHandler *&get_handler_ref() {
    static CerrLogHandler default_handler;
    static ILogHandler *current_handler = &default_handler;
    return current_handler;
  }

  //
  std::ostringstream stringstream_;
  LogLevel level_;
};
} // namespace crow

#define CROW_LOG_CRITICAL                                                      \
  if (crow::logger::get_current_log_level() <= crow::LogLevel::Critical)       \
  crow::logger(crow::LogLevel::Critical)
#define CROW_LOG_ERROR                                                         \
  if (crow::logger::get_current_log_level() <= crow::LogLevel::Error)          \
  crow::logger(crow::LogLevel::Error)
#define CROW_LOG_WARNING                                                       \
  if (crow::logger::get_current_log_level() <= crow::LogLevel::Warning)        \
  crow::logger(crow::LogLevel::Warning)
#define CROW_LOG_INFO                                                          \
  if (crow::logger::get_current_log_level() <= crow::LogLevel::Info)           \
  crow::logger(crow::LogLevel::Info)
#define CROW_LOG_DEBUG                                                         \
  if (crow::logger::get_current_log_level() <= crow::LogLevel::Debug)          \
  crow::logger(crow::LogLevel::Debug)

#include <string>

namespace crow {
/// An abstract class that allows any other class to be returned by a handler.
struct returnable {
  std::string content_type;
  virtual std::string dump() const = 0;

  returnable(std::string ctype) : content_type{ctype} {}

  virtual ~returnable() {}
};
} // namespace crow

#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
#endif
#else
#ifndef ASIO_STANDALONE
#define ASIO_STANDALONE
#endif
#include <asio.hpp>
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
#include <asio/ssl.hpp>
#endif
#endif

namespace crow {
#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
namespace asio = boost::asio;
using error_code = boost::system::error_code;
#else
using error_code = asio::error_code;
#endif
using tcp = asio::ip::tcp;
using stream_protocol = asio::local::stream_protocol;

struct TCPAcceptor {
  using endpoint = tcp::endpoint;
  tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
  TCPAcceptor(asio::io_context &io_context) : acceptor_(io_context) {}

  int16_t port() const { return acceptor_.local_endpoint().port(); }
  std::string address() const {
    return acceptor_.local_endpoint().address().to_string();
  }
  std::string url_display(bool ssl_used) const {
    auto address = acceptor_.local_endpoint().address();
    return (ssl_used ? "https://" : "http://") +
           (address.is_v4() ? address.to_string()
                            : "[" + address.to_string() + "]") +
           ":" + std::to_string(acceptor_.local_endpoint().port());
  }
  tcp::acceptor &raw_acceptor() { return acceptor_; }
  endpoint local_endpoint() const { return acceptor_.local_endpoint(); }
  inline static tcp::acceptor::reuse_address reuse_address_option() {
    return tcp::acceptor::reuse_address(true);
  }
};

struct UnixSocketAcceptor {
  using endpoint = stream_protocol::endpoint;
  stream_protocol::acceptor acceptor_;
  UnixSocketAcceptor(asio::io_context &io_context) : acceptor_(io_context) {}

  int16_t port() const { return 0; }
  std::string address() const { return acceptor_.local_endpoint().path(); }
  std::string url_display(bool) const {
    return acceptor_.local_endpoint().path();
  }
  stream_protocol::acceptor &raw_acceptor() { return acceptor_; }
  endpoint local_endpoint() const { return acceptor_.local_endpoint(); }
  inline static stream_protocol::acceptor::reuse_address
  reuse_address_option() {
    // reuse addr must be false
    // (https://github.com/chriskohlhoff/asio/issues/622)
    return stream_protocol::acceptor::reuse_address(false);
  }
};
} // namespace crow

#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <functional>
#include <random>
#include <sstream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
#include <unordered_map>

#include <filesystem>

// TODO(EDev): Adding C++20's [[likely]] and [[unlikely]] attributes might be
// useful
#if defined(__GNUG__) || defined(__clang__)
#define CROW_LIKELY(X) __builtin_expect(!!(X), 1)
#define CROW_UNLIKELY(X) __builtin_expect(!!(X), 0)
#else
#define CROW_LIKELY(X) (X)
#define CROW_UNLIKELY(X) (X)
#endif

namespace crow {
/// @cond SKIP
namespace black_magic {
#ifndef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
/// Out of Range Exception for const_str
struct OutOfRange {
  OutOfRange(unsigned /*pos*/, unsigned /*length*/) {}
};
/// Helper function to throw an exception if i is larger than len
constexpr unsigned requires_in_range(unsigned i, unsigned len) {
  return i >= len ? throw OutOfRange(i, len) : i;
}

/// A constant string implementation.
class const_str {
  const char *const begin_;
  unsigned size_;

public:
  template <unsigned N>
  constexpr const_str(const char (&arr)[N]) : begin_(arr), size_(N - 1) {
    static_assert(N >= 1, "not a string literal");
  }
  constexpr char operator[](unsigned i) const {
    return requires_in_range(i, size_), begin_[i];
  }

  constexpr operator const char *() const { return begin_; }

  constexpr const char *begin() const { return begin_; }
  constexpr const char *end() const { return begin_ + size_; }

  constexpr unsigned size() const { return size_; }
};

constexpr unsigned find_closing_tag(const_str s, unsigned p) {
  return s[p] == '>' ? p : find_closing_tag(s, p + 1);
}

/// Check that the CROW_ROUTE string is valid
constexpr bool is_valid(const_str s, unsigned i = 0, int f = 0) {
  return i == s.size()     ? f == 0
         : f < 0 || f >= 2 ? false
         : s[i] == '<'     ? is_valid(s, i + 1, f + 1)
         : s[i] == '>'     ? is_valid(s, i + 1, f - 1)
                           : is_valid(s, i + 1, f);
}

constexpr bool is_equ_p(const char *a, const char *b, unsigned n) {
  return *a == 0 && *b == 0 && n == 0 ? true
         : (*a == 0 || *b == 0)       ? false
         : n == 0                     ? true
         : *a != *b                   ? false
                                      : is_equ_p(a + 1, b + 1, n - 1);
}

constexpr bool is_equ_n(const_str a, unsigned ai, const_str b, unsigned bi,
                        unsigned n) {
  return ai + n > a.size() || bi + n > b.size() ? false
         : n == 0                               ? true
         : a[ai] != b[bi]                       ? false
                          : is_equ_n(a, ai + 1, b, bi + 1, n - 1);
}

constexpr bool is_int(const_str s, unsigned i) {
  return is_equ_n(s, i, "<int>", 0, 5);
}

constexpr bool is_uint(const_str s, unsigned i) {
  return is_equ_n(s, i, "<uint>", 0, 6);
}

constexpr bool is_float(const_str s, unsigned i) {
  return is_equ_n(s, i, "<float>", 0, 7) || is_equ_n(s, i, "<double>", 0, 8);
}

constexpr bool is_str(const_str s, unsigned i) {
  return is_equ_n(s, i, "<str>", 0, 5) || is_equ_n(s, i, "<string>", 0, 8);
}

constexpr bool is_path(const_str s, unsigned i) {
  return is_equ_n(s, i, "<path>", 0, 6);
}
#endif
template <typename T> struct parameter_tag {
  static const int value = 0;
};
#define CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(t, i)                                      \
  template <> struct parameter_tag<t> {                                        \
    static const int value = i;                                                \
  }
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(int, 1);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(char, 1);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(short, 1);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(long, 1);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(long long, 1);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(unsigned int, 2);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(unsigned char, 2);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(unsigned short, 2);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(unsigned long, 2);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(unsigned long long, 2);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(double, 3);
CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG(std::string, 4);
#undef CROW_INTERNAL_PARAMETER_TAG
template <typename... Args> struct compute_parameter_tag_from_args_list;

template <> struct compute_parameter_tag_from_args_list<> {
  static const int value = 0;
};

template <typename Arg, typename... Args>
struct compute_parameter_tag_from_args_list<Arg, Args...> {
  static const int sub_value =
      compute_parameter_tag_from_args_list<Args...>::value;
  static const int value =
      parameter_tag<typename std::decay<Arg>::type>::value
          ? sub_value * 6 + parameter_tag<typename std::decay<Arg>::type>::value
          : sub_value;
};

static inline bool is_parameter_tag_compatible(uint64_t a, uint64_t b) {
  if (a == 0) return b == 0;
  if (b == 0) return a == 0;
  int sa = a % 6;
  int sb = a % 6;
  if (sa == 5) sa = 4;
  if (sb == 5) sb = 4;
  if (sa != sb) return false;
  return is_parameter_tag_compatible(a / 6, b / 6);
}

static inline unsigned find_closing_tag_runtime(const char *s, unsigned p) {
  return s[p] == 0     ? throw std::runtime_error("unmatched tag <")
         : s[p] == '>' ? p
                       : find_closing_tag_runtime(s, p + 1);
}

static inline uint64_t get_parameter_tag_runtime(const char *s,
                                                 unsigned p = 0) {
  return s[p] == 0 ? 0
         : s[p] == '<'
             ? (std::strncmp(s + p, "<int>", 5) == 0
                    ? get_parameter_tag_runtime(
                          s, find_closing_tag_runtime(s, p)) *
                              6 +
                          1
                : std::strncmp(s + p, "<uint>", 6) == 0
                    ? get_parameter_tag_runtime(
                          s, find_closing_tag_runtime(s, p)) *
                              6 +
                          2
                : (std::strncmp(s + p, "<float>", 7) == 0 ||
                   std::strncmp(s + p, "<double>", 8) == 0)
                    ? get_parameter_tag_runtime(
                          s, find_closing_tag_runtime(s, p)) *
                              6 +
                          3
                : (std::strncmp(s + p, "<str>", 5) == 0 ||
                   std::strncmp(s + p, "<string>", 8) == 0)
                    ? get_parameter_tag_runtime(
                          s, find_closing_tag_runtime(s, p)) *
                              6 +
                          4
                : std::strncmp(s + p, "<path>", 6) == 0
                    ? get_parameter_tag_runtime(
                          s, find_closing_tag_runtime(s, p)) *
                              6 +
                          5
                    : throw std::runtime_error("invalid parameter type"))
             : get_parameter_tag_runtime(s, p + 1);
}
#ifndef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
constexpr uint64_t get_parameter_tag(const_str s, unsigned p = 0) {
  return p == s.size() ? 0
         : s[p] == '<'
             ? (is_int(s, p)
                    ? get_parameter_tag(s, find_closing_tag(s, p)) * 6 + 1
                : is_uint(s, p)
                    ? get_parameter_tag(s, find_closing_tag(s, p)) * 6 + 2
                : is_float(s, p)
                    ? get_parameter_tag(s, find_closing_tag(s, p)) * 6 + 3
                : is_str(s, p)
                    ? get_parameter_tag(s, find_closing_tag(s, p)) * 6 + 4
                : is_path(s, p)
                    ? get_parameter_tag(s, find_closing_tag(s, p)) * 6 + 5
                    : throw std::runtime_error("invalid parameter type"))
             : get_parameter_tag(s, p + 1);
}
#endif

template <typename... T> struct S {
  template <typename U> using push = S<U, T...>;
  template <typename U> using push_back = S<T..., U>;
  template <template <typename... Args> class U> using rebind = U<T...>;
};

// Check whether the template function can be called with specific arguments
template <typename F, typename Set> struct CallHelper;
template <typename F, typename... Args> struct CallHelper<F, S<Args...>> {
  template <typename F1, typename... Args1,
            typename = decltype(std::declval<F1>()(std::declval<Args1>()...))>
  static char __test(int);

  template <typename...> static int __test(...);

  static constexpr bool value = sizeof(__test<F, Args...>(0)) == sizeof(char);
};

// Check Tuple contains type T
template <typename T, typename Tuple> struct has_type;

template <typename T> struct has_type<T, std::tuple<>> : std::false_type {};

template <typename T, typename U, typename... Ts>
struct has_type<T, std::tuple<U, Ts...>> : has_type<T, std::tuple<Ts...>> {};

template <typename T, typename... Ts>
struct has_type<T, std::tuple<T, Ts...>> : std::true_type {};

// Find index of type in tuple
template <class T, class Tuple> struct tuple_index;

template <class T, class... Types>
struct tuple_index<T, std::tuple<T, Types...>> {
  static const int value = 0;
};

template <class T, class U, class... Types>
struct tuple_index<T, std::tuple<U, Types...>> {
  static const int value = 1 + tuple_index<T, std::tuple<Types...>>::value;
};

// Extract element from forward tuple or get default
template <typename T, typename Tup>
typename std::enable_if<has_type<T &, Tup>::value,
                        typename std::decay<T>::type &&>::type
tuple_extract(Tup &tup) {
  return std::move(std::get<T &>(tup));
}

template <typename T, typename Tup>
typename std::enable_if<!has_type<T &, Tup>::value, T>::type
tuple_extract(Tup &) {
  return T{};
}

// Kind of fold expressions in C++11
template <bool...> struct bool_pack;
template <bool... bs>
using all_true = std::is_same<bool_pack<bs..., true>, bool_pack<true, bs...>>;

template <int N> struct single_tag_to_type {};

template <> struct single_tag_to_type<1> {
  using type = int64_t;
};

template <> struct single_tag_to_type<2> {
  using type = uint64_t;
};

template <> struct single_tag_to_type<3> {
  using type = double;
};

template <> struct single_tag_to_type<4> {
  using type = std::string;
};

template <> struct single_tag_to_type<5> {
  using type = std::string;
};

template <uint64_t Tag> struct arguments {
  using subarguments = typename arguments<Tag / 6>::type;
  using type = typename subarguments::template push<
      typename single_tag_to_type<Tag % 6>::type>;
};

template <> struct arguments<0> {
  using type = S<>;
};

template <typename... T> struct last_element_type {
  using type =
      typename std::tuple_element<sizeof...(T) - 1, std::tuple<T...>>::type;
};

template <> struct last_element_type<> {};

// from
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13072359/c11-compile-time-array-with-logarithmic-evaluation-depth
template <class T> using Invoke = typename T::type;

template <unsigned...> struct seq {
  using type = seq;
};

template <class S1, class S2> struct concat;

template <unsigned... I1, unsigned... I2>
struct concat<seq<I1...>, seq<I2...>> : seq<I1..., (sizeof...(I1) + I2)...> {};

template <class S1, class S2> using Concat = Invoke<concat<S1, S2>>;

template <unsigned N> struct gen_seq;
template <unsigned N> using GenSeq = Invoke<gen_seq<N>>;

template <unsigned N>
struct gen_seq : Concat<GenSeq<N / 2>, GenSeq<N - N / 2>> {};

template <> struct gen_seq<0> : seq<> {};
template <> struct gen_seq<1> : seq<0> {};

template <typename Seq, typename Tuple> struct pop_back_helper;

template <unsigned... N, typename Tuple>
struct pop_back_helper<seq<N...>, Tuple> {
  template <template <typename... Args> class U>
  using rebind = U<typename std::tuple_element<N, Tuple>::type...>;
};

template <typename... T>
struct pop_back //: public pop_back_helper<typename
                //: gen_seq<sizeof...(T)-1>::type, std::tuple<T...>>
{
  template <template <typename... Args> class U>
  using rebind =
      typename pop_back_helper<typename gen_seq<sizeof...(T) - 1>::type,
                               std::tuple<T...>>::template rebind<U>;
};

template <> struct pop_back<> {
  template <template <typename... Args> class U> using rebind = U<>;
};

// from
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2118541/check-if-c0x-parameter-pack-contains-a-type
template <typename Tp, typename... List> struct contains : std::true_type {};

template <typename Tp, typename Head, typename... Rest>
struct contains<Tp, Head, Rest...>
    : std::conditional<std::is_same<Tp, Head>::value, std::true_type,
                       contains<Tp, Rest...>>::type {};

template <typename Tp> struct contains<Tp> : std::false_type {};

template <typename T> struct empty_context {};

template <typename T> struct promote {
  using type = T;
};

#define CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(t1, t2)                                     \
  template <> struct promote<t1> {                                             \
    using type = t2;                                                           \
  }

CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(char, int64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(short, int64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(int, int64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(long, int64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(long long, int64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(unsigned char, uint64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(unsigned short, uint64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(unsigned int, uint64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(unsigned long, uint64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(unsigned long long, uint64_t);
CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE(float, double);
#undef CROW_INTERNAL_PROMOTE_TYPE

template <typename T> using promote_t = typename promote<T>::type;

} // namespace black_magic

namespace detail {

template <class T, std::size_t N, class... Args>
struct get_index_of_element_from_tuple_by_type_impl {
  static constexpr auto value = N;
};

template <class T, std::size_t N, class... Args>
struct get_index_of_element_from_tuple_by_type_impl<T, N, T, Args...> {
  static constexpr auto value = N;
};

template <class T, std::size_t N, class U, class... Args>
struct get_index_of_element_from_tuple_by_type_impl<T, N, U, Args...> {
  static constexpr auto value =
      get_index_of_element_from_tuple_by_type_impl<T, N + 1, Args...>::value;
};
} // namespace detail

namespace utility {
template <class T, class... Args>
T &get_element_by_type(std::tuple<Args...> &t) {
  return std::get<detail::get_index_of_element_from_tuple_by_type_impl<
      T, 0, Args...>::value>(t);
}

template <typename T> struct function_traits;

#ifndef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
template <typename T>
struct function_traits : public function_traits<decltype(&T::operator())> {
  using parent_t = function_traits<decltype(&T::operator())>;
  static const size_t arity = parent_t::arity;
  using result_type = typename parent_t::result_type;
  template <size_t i> using arg = typename parent_t::template arg<i>;
};
#endif

template <typename ClassType, typename R, typename... Args>
struct function_traits<R (ClassType::*)(Args...) const> {
  static const size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);

  typedef R result_type;

  template <size_t i>
  using arg = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};

template <typename ClassType, typename R, typename... Args>
struct function_traits<R (ClassType::*)(Args...)> {
  static const size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);

  typedef R result_type;

  template <size_t i>
  using arg = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};

template <typename R, typename... Args>
struct function_traits<std::function<R(Args...)>> {
  static const size_t arity = sizeof...(Args);

  typedef R result_type;

  template <size_t i>
  using arg = typename std::tuple_element<i, std::tuple<Args...>>::type;
};
/// @endcond

inline static std::string base64encode(
    const unsigned char *data, size_t size,
    const char *key =
        "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/") {
  std::string ret;
  ret.resize((size + 2) / 3 * 4);
  auto it = ret.begin();
  while (size >= 3) {
    *it++ = key[(static_cast<unsigned char>(*data) & 0xFC) >> 2];
    unsigned char h = (static_cast<unsigned char>(*data++) & 0x03) << 4;
    *it++ = key[h | ((static_cast<unsigned char>(*data) & 0xF0) >> 4)];
    h = (static_cast<unsigned char>(*data++) & 0x0F) << 2;
    *it++ = key[h | ((static_cast<unsigned char>(*data) & 0xC0) >> 6)];
    *it++ = key[static_cast<unsigned char>(*data++) & 0x3F];

    size -= 3;
  }
  if (size == 1) {
    *it++ = key[(static_cast<unsigned char>(*data) & 0xFC) >> 2];
    unsigned char h = (static_cast<unsigned char>(*data++) & 0x03) << 4;
    *it++ = key[h];
    *it++ = '=';
    *it++ = '=';
  } else if (size == 2) {
    *it++ = key[(static_cast<unsigned char>(*data) & 0xFC) >> 2];
    unsigned char h = (static_cast<unsigned char>(*data++) & 0x03) << 4;
    *it++ = key[h | ((static_cast<unsigned char>(*data) & 0xF0) >> 4)];
    h = (static_cast<unsigned char>(*data++) & 0x0F) << 2;
    *it++ = key[h];
    *it++ = '=';
  }
  return ret;
}

inline static std::string base64encode(
    std::string data, size_t size,
    const char *key =
        "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/") {
  return base64encode((const unsigned char *)data.c_str(), size, key);
}

inline static std::string base64encode_urlsafe(const unsigned char *data,
                                               size_t size) {
  return base64encode(
      data, size,
      "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_");
}

inline static std::string base64encode_urlsafe(std::string data, size_t size) {
  return base64encode(
      (const unsigned char *)data.c_str(), size,
      "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_");
}

inline static std::string base64decode(const char *data, size_t size) {
  // We accept both regular and url encoding here, as there does not seem to be
  // any downside to that. If we want to distinguish that we should use +/ for
  // non-url and -_ for url.

  // Mapping logic from characters to [0-63]
  auto key = [](char c) -> unsigned char {
    if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z')) return c - 'A';
    if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'z')) return c - 'a' + 26;
    if ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9')) return c - '0' + 52;
    if ((c == '+') || (c == '-')) return 62;
    if ((c == '/') || (c == '_')) return 63;
    return 0;
  };

  // Not padded
  if (size % 4 == 2)           // missing last 2 characters
    size = (size / 4 * 3) + 1; // Not subtracting extra characters because
                               // they're truncated in int division
  else if (size % 4 == 3)      // missing last character
    size = (size / 4 * 3) + 2; // Not subtracting extra characters because
                               // they're truncated in int division

  // Padded
  else if (size >= 2 && data[size - 2] == '=') // padded with '=='
    size = (size / 4 * 3) - 2; // == padding means the last block only has 1
                               // character instead of 3, hence the '-2'
  else if (size >= 1 && data[size - 1] == '=') // padded with '='
    size = (size / 4 * 3) - 1; // = padding means the last block only has 2
                               // character instead of 3, hence the '-1'

  // Padding not needed
  else
    size = size / 4 * 3;

  std::string ret;
  ret.resize(size);
  auto it = ret.begin();

  // These will be used to decode 1 character at a time
  unsigned char odd;  // char1 and char3
  unsigned char even; // char2 and char4

  // Take 4 character blocks to turn into 3
  while (size >= 3) {
    // dec_char1 = (char1 shifted 2 bits to the left) OR ((char2 AND 00110000)
    // shifted 4 bits to the right))
    odd = key(*data++);
    even = key(*data++);
    *it++ = (odd << 2) | ((even & 0x30) >> 4);
    // dec_char2 = ((char2 AND 00001111) shifted 4 bits left) OR ((char3 AND
    // 00111100) shifted 2 bits right))
    odd = key(*data++);
    *it++ = ((even & 0x0F) << 4) | ((odd & 0x3C) >> 2);
    // dec_char3 = ((char3 AND 00000011) shifted 6 bits left) OR (char4)
    even = key(*data++);
    *it++ = ((odd & 0x03) << 6) | (even);

    size -= 3;
  }
  if (size == 2) {
    // d_char1 = (char1 shifted 2 bits to the left) OR ((char2 AND 00110000)
    // shifted 4 bits to the right))
    odd = key(*data++);
    even = key(*data++);
    *it++ = (odd << 2) | ((even & 0x30) >> 4);
    // d_char2 = ((char2 AND 00001111) shifted 4 bits left) OR ((char3 AND
    // 00111100) shifted 2 bits right))
    odd = key(*data++);
    *it++ = ((even & 0x0F) << 4) | ((odd & 0x3C) >> 2);
  } else if (size == 1) {
    // d_char1 = (char1 shifted 2 bits to the left) OR ((char2 AND 00110000)
    // shifted 4 bits to the right))
    odd = key(*data++);
    even = key(*data++);
    *it++ = (odd << 2) | ((even & 0x30) >> 4);
  }
  return ret;
}

inline static std::string base64decode(const std::string &data, size_t size) {
  return base64decode(data.data(), size);
}

inline static std::string base64decode(const std::string &data) {
  return base64decode(data.data(), data.length());
}

inline static std::string normalize_path(const std::string &directoryPath) {
  std::string normalizedPath = directoryPath;
  std::replace(normalizedPath.begin(), normalizedPath.end(), '\\', '/');
  if (!normalizedPath.empty() && normalizedPath.back() != '/')
    normalizedPath += '/';
  return normalizedPath;
}

inline static void sanitize_filename(std::string &data,
                                     char replacement = '_') {
  if (data.length() > 255) data.resize(255);

  static const auto toUpper = [](char c) {
    return ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'z')) ? (c - ('a' - 'A')) : c;
  };
  // Check for special device names. The Windows behavior is really odd here, it
  // will consider both AUX and AUX.txt a special device. Thus we search for the
  // string (case-insensitive), and then check if the string ends or if is has a
  // dangerous follow up character (.:\/)
  auto sanitizeSpecialFile = [](std::string &source, unsigned ofs,
                                const char *pattern, bool includeNumber,
                                char replacement_) {
    unsigned i = ofs;
    size_t len = source.length();
    const char *p = pattern;
    while (*p) {
      if (i >= len) return;
      if (toUpper(source[i]) != *p) return;
      ++i;
      ++p;
    }
    if (includeNumber) {
      if ((i >= len) || (source[i] < '1') || (source[i] > '9')) return;
      ++i;
    }
    if ((i >= len) || (source[i] == '.') || (source[i] == ':') ||
        (source[i] == '/') || (source[i] == '\\')) {
      source.erase(ofs + 1, (i - ofs) - 1);
      source[ofs] = replacement_;
    }
  };
  bool checkForSpecialEntries = true;
  for (unsigned i = 0; i < data.length(); ++i) {
    // Recognize directory traversals and the special devices
    // CON/PRN/AUX/NULL/COM[1-]/LPT[1-9]
    if (checkForSpecialEntries) {
      checkForSpecialEntries = false;
      switch (toUpper(data[i])) {
      case 'A': sanitizeSpecialFile(data, i, "AUX", false, replacement); break;
      case 'C':
        sanitizeSpecialFile(data, i, "CON", false, replacement);
        sanitizeSpecialFile(data, i, "COM", true, replacement);
        break;
      case 'L': sanitizeSpecialFile(data, i, "LPT", true, replacement); break;
      case 'N': sanitizeSpecialFile(data, i, "NUL", false, replacement); break;
      case 'P': sanitizeSpecialFile(data, i, "PRN", false, replacement); break;
      case '.': sanitizeSpecialFile(data, i, "..", false, replacement); break;
      }
    }

    // Sanitize individual characters
    unsigned char c = data[i];
    if ((c < ' ') || ((c >= 0x80) && (c <= 0x9F)) || (c == '?') || (c == '<') ||
        (c == '>') || (c == ':') || (c == '*') || (c == '|') || (c == '\"')) {
      data[i] = replacement;
    } else if ((c == '/') || (c == '\\')) {
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(i ==
                        0)) // Prevent Unix Absolute Paths (Windows Absolute
                            // Paths are prevented with `(c == ':')`)
      {
        data[i] = replacement;
      } else {
        checkForSpecialEntries = true;
      }
    }
  }
}

inline static std::string random_alphanum(std::size_t size) {
  static const char alphabet[] =
      "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
  std::random_device dev;
  std::mt19937 rng(dev());
  std::uniform_int_distribution<std::mt19937::result_type> dist(
      0, sizeof(alphabet) - 2);
  std::string out;
  out.reserve(size);
  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
    out.push_back(alphabet[dist(rng)]);
  return out;
}

inline static std::string join_path(std::string path,
                                    const std::string &fname) {
  return (std::filesystem::path(path) / fname).string();
}

/**
 * @brief Checks two string for equality.
 * Always returns false if strings differ in size.
 * Defaults to case-insensitive comparison.
 */
inline static bool string_equals(const std::string_view l,
                                 const std::string_view r,
                                 bool case_sensitive = false) {
  if (l.length() != r.length()) return false;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < l.length(); i++) {
    if (case_sensitive) {
      if (l[i] != r[i]) return false;
    } else {
      if (std::toupper(l[i]) != std::toupper(r[i])) return false;
    }
  }

  return true;
}

template <typename T, typename U> inline static T lexical_cast(const U &v) {
  std::stringstream stream;
  T res;

  stream << v;
  stream >> res;

  return res;
}

template <typename T>
inline static T lexical_cast(const char *v, size_t count) {
  std::stringstream stream;
  T res;

  stream.write(v, count);
  stream >> res;

  return res;
}

/// Return string view of the given string view with its
/// leading and trailing whitespaces removed.
inline static std::string_view trim(const std::string_view sv) {
  const size_t first = sv.find_first_not_of(" \t\n\r\f\v"); // same as isspace
  if (std::string_view::npos == first) { return sv.substr(0, 0); }
  const size_t last = sv.find_last_not_of(" \t\n\r\f\v");
  return sv.substr(first, (last - first + 1));
}

/**
 * @brief splits a string based on a separator
 */
inline static std::vector<std::string> split(const std::string &v,
                                             const std::string &separator) {
  std::vector<std::string> result;
  size_t startPos = 0;

  for (size_t foundPos = v.find(separator); foundPos != std::string::npos;
       foundPos = v.find(separator, startPos)) {
    result.push_back(v.substr(startPos, foundPos - startPos));
    startPos = foundPos + separator.size();
  }

  result.push_back(v.substr(startPos));
  return result;
}

/**
 * @brief Returns the first occurence that matches between two ranges of
 * iterators
 * @param first1 begin() iterator of the first range
 * @param last1 end() iterator of the first range
 * @param first2 begin() iterator of the second range
 * @param last2 end() iterator of the second range
 * @return first occurence that matches between two ranges of iterators
 */
template <typename Iter1, typename Iter2>
inline static Iter1 find_first_of(Iter1 first1, Iter1 last1, Iter2 first2,
                                  Iter2 last2) {
  for (; first1 != last1; ++first1) {
    if (std::find(first2, last2, *first1) != last2) { return first1; }
  }
  return last1;
}
} // namespace utility
} // namespace crow

// #define CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
// #define CROW_JSON_USE_MAP

#include <string>
#ifdef CROW_JSON_USE_MAP
#include <map>
#else
#include <unordered_map>
#endif
#include <algorithm>
#include <cfloat>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>

using std::isinf;
using std::isnan;

namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{
namespace mustache {
class template_t;
}

namespace json {
static inline char to_hex(char c) {
  c = c & 0xf;
  if (c < 10) return '0' + c;
  return 'a' + c - 10;
}

inline void escape(const std::string &str, std::string &ret) {
  ret.reserve(ret.size() + str.size() + str.size() / 4);
  for (auto c : str) {
    switch (c) {
    case '"': ret += "\\\""; break;
    case '\\': ret += "\\\\"; break;
    case '\n': ret += "\\n"; break;
    case '\b': ret += "\\b"; break;
    case '\f': ret += "\\f"; break;
    case '\r': ret += "\\r"; break;
    case '\t': ret += "\\t"; break;
    default:
      if (c >= 0 && c < 0x20) {
        ret += "\\u00";
        ret += to_hex(c / 16);
        ret += to_hex(c % 16);
      } else
        ret += c;
      break;
    }
  }
}
inline std::string escape(const std::string &str) {
  std::string ret;
  escape(str, ret);
  return ret;
}

enum class type : char {
  Null,
  False,
  True,
  Number,
  String,
  List,
  Object,
  Function
};

inline const char *get_type_str(type t) {
  switch (t) {
  case type::Number: return "Number";
  case type::False: return "False";
  case type::True: return "True";
  case type::List: return "List";
  case type::String: return "String";
  case type::Object: return "Object";
  case type::Function: return "Function";
  default: return "Unknown";
  }
}

enum class num_type : char {
  Signed_integer,
  Unsigned_integer,
  Floating_point,
  Null,
  Double_precision_floating_point
};

class rvalue;
rvalue load(const char *data, size_t size);

namespace detail {
/// A read string implementation with comparison functionality.
struct r_string {
  r_string() {}
  r_string(char *s, char *e) : s_(s), e_(e) {}
  ~r_string() {
    if (owned_) delete[] s_;
  }

  r_string(const r_string &r) { *this = r; }

  r_string(r_string &&r) { *this = r; }

  r_string &operator=(r_string &&r) {
    s_ = r.s_;
    e_ = r.e_;
    owned_ = r.owned_;
    if (r.owned_) r.owned_ = 0;
    return *this;
  }

  r_string &operator=(const r_string &r) {
    s_ = r.s_;
    e_ = r.e_;
    owned_ = 0;
    return *this;
  }

  operator std::string() const { return std::string(s_, e_); }

  const char *begin() const { return s_; }
  const char *end() const { return e_; }
  size_t size() const { return end() - begin(); }

  using iterator = const char *;
  using const_iterator = const char *;

  char *s_;         ///< Start.
  mutable char *e_; ///< End.
  uint8_t owned_{0};
  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const r_string &s) {
    os << static_cast<std::string>(s);
    return os;
  }

private:
  void force(char *s, uint32_t length) {
    s_ = s;
    e_ = s_ + length;
    owned_ = 1;
  }
  friend rvalue crow::json::load(const char *data, size_t size);

  friend bool operator==(const r_string &l, const r_string &r);
  friend bool operator==(const std::string &l, const r_string &r);
  friend bool operator==(const r_string &l, const std::string &r);

  template <typename T, typename U>
  inline static bool equals(const T &l, const U &r) {
    if (l.size() != r.size()) return false;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < l.size(); i++) {
      if (*(l.begin() + i) != *(r.begin() + i)) return false;
    }

    return true;
  }
};

inline bool operator<(const r_string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return std::lexicographical_compare(l.begin(), l.end(), r.begin(), r.end());
}

inline bool operator<(const r_string &l, const std::string &r) {
  return std::lexicographical_compare(l.begin(), l.end(), r.begin(), r.end());
}

inline bool operator<(const std::string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return std::lexicographical_compare(l.begin(), l.end(), r.begin(), r.end());
}

inline bool operator>(const r_string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return std::lexicographical_compare(l.begin(), l.end(), r.begin(), r.end());
}

inline bool operator>(const r_string &l, const std::string &r) {
  return std::lexicographical_compare(l.begin(), l.end(), r.begin(), r.end());
}

inline bool operator>(const std::string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return std::lexicographical_compare(l.begin(), l.end(), r.begin(), r.end());
}

inline bool operator==(const r_string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return r_string::equals(l, r);
}

inline bool operator==(const r_string &l, const std::string &r) {
  return r_string::equals(l, r);
}

inline bool operator==(const std::string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return r_string::equals(l, r);
}

inline bool operator!=(const r_string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return !(l == r);
}

inline bool operator!=(const r_string &l, const std::string &r) {
  return !(l == r);
}

inline bool operator!=(const std::string &l, const r_string &r) {
  return !(l == r);
}
} // namespace detail

/// JSON read value.

///
/// Value can mean any json value, including a JSON object.
/// Read means this class is used to primarily read strings into a JSON value.
class rvalue {
  static const int cached_bit = 2;
  static const int error_bit = 4;

public:
  rvalue() noexcept : option_{error_bit} {}
  rvalue(type t) noexcept : lsize_{}, lremain_{}, t_{t} {}
  rvalue(type t, char *s, char *e) noexcept : start_{s}, end_{e}, t_{t} {
    determine_num_type();
  }

  rvalue(const rvalue &r)
      : start_(r.start_), end_(r.end_), key_(r.key_), t_(r.t_), nt_(r.nt_),
        option_(r.option_) {
    copy_l(r);
  }

  rvalue(rvalue &&r) noexcept { *this = std::move(r); }

  rvalue &operator=(const rvalue &r) {
    start_ = r.start_;
    end_ = r.end_;
    key_ = r.key_;
    t_ = r.t_;
    nt_ = r.nt_;
    option_ = r.option_;
    copy_l(r);
    return *this;
  }
  rvalue &operator=(rvalue &&r) noexcept {
    start_ = r.start_;
    end_ = r.end_;
    key_ = std::move(r.key_);
    l_ = std::move(r.l_);
    lsize_ = r.lsize_;
    lremain_ = r.lremain_;
    t_ = r.t_;
    nt_ = r.nt_;
    option_ = r.option_;
    return *this;
  }

  explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return (option_ & error_bit) == 0; }

  explicit operator int64_t() const { return i(); }

  explicit operator uint64_t() const { return u(); }

  explicit operator int() const { return static_cast<int>(i()); }

  /// Return any json value (not object or list) as a string.
  explicit operator std::string() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() == type::Object || t() == type::List)
      throw std::runtime_error("json type container");
#endif
    switch (t()) {
    case type::String: return std::string(s());
    case type::Null: return std::string("null");
    case type::True: return std::string("true");
    case type::False: return std::string("false");
    default: return std::string(start_, end_ - start_);
    }
  }

  /// The type of the JSON value.
  type t() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (option_ & error_bit) {
      throw std::runtime_error("invalid json object");
    }
#endif
    return t_;
  }

  /// The number type of the JSON value.
  num_type nt() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (option_ & error_bit) {
      throw std::runtime_error("invalid json object");
    }
#endif
    return nt_;
  }

  /// The integer value.
  int64_t i() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    switch (t()) {
    case type::Number:
    case type::String:
      return utility::lexical_cast<int64_t>(start_, end_ - start_);
    default:
      const std::string msg =
          "expected number, got: " + std::string(get_type_str(t()));
      throw std::runtime_error(msg);
    }
#endif
    return utility::lexical_cast<int64_t>(start_, end_ - start_);
  }

  /// The unsigned integer value.
  uint64_t u() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    switch (t()) {
    case type::Number:
    case type::String:
      return utility::lexical_cast<uint64_t>(start_, end_ - start_);
    default:
      throw std::runtime_error(std::string("expected number, got: ") +
                               get_type_str(t()));
    }
#endif
    return utility::lexical_cast<uint64_t>(start_, end_ - start_);
  }

  /// The double precision floating-point number value.
  double d() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::Number) throw std::runtime_error("value is not number");
#endif
    return utility::lexical_cast<double>(start_, end_ - start_);
  }

  /// The boolean value.
  bool b() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::True && t() != type::False)
      throw std::runtime_error("value is not boolean");
#endif
    return t() == type::True;
  }

  /// The string value.
  detail::r_string s() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::String) throw std::runtime_error("value is not string");
#endif
    unescape();
    return detail::r_string{start_, end_};
  }

  /// The list or object value
  std::vector<rvalue> lo() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::Object && t() != type::List)
      throw std::runtime_error("value is not a container");
#endif
    std::vector<rvalue> ret;
    ret.reserve(lsize_);
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < lsize_; i++) {
      ret.emplace_back(l_[i]);
    }
    return ret;
  }

  /// Convert escaped string character to their original form ("\\n" -> '\n').
  void unescape() const {
    if (*(start_ - 1)) {
      char *head = start_;
      char *tail = start_;
      while (head != end_) {
        if (*head == '\\') {
          switch (*++head) {
          case '"': *tail++ = '"'; break;
          case '\\': *tail++ = '\\'; break;
          case '/': *tail++ = '/'; break;
          case 'b': *tail++ = '\b'; break;
          case 'f': *tail++ = '\f'; break;
          case 'n': *tail++ = '\n'; break;
          case 'r': *tail++ = '\r'; break;
          case 't': *tail++ = '\t'; break;
          case 'u': {
            auto from_hex = [](char c) {
              if (c >= 'a') return c - 'a' + 10;
              if (c >= 'A') return c - 'A' + 10;
              return c - '0';
            };
            unsigned int code = (from_hex(head[1]) << 12) +
                                (from_hex(head[2]) << 8) +
                                (from_hex(head[3]) << 4) + from_hex(head[4]);
            if (code >= 0x800) {
              *tail++ = 0xE0 | (code >> 12);
              *tail++ = 0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F);
              *tail++ = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);
            } else if (code >= 0x80) {
              *tail++ = 0xC0 | (code >> 6);
              *tail++ = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);
            } else {
              *tail++ = code;
            }
            head += 4;
          } break;
          }
        } else
          *tail++ = *head;
        head++;
      }
      end_ = tail;
      *end_ = 0;
      *(start_ - 1) = 0;
    }
  }

  /// Check if the json object has the passed string as a key.
  bool has(const char *str) const { return has(std::string(str)); }

  bool has(const std::string &str) const {
    struct Pred {
      bool operator()(const rvalue &l, const rvalue &r) const {
        return l.key_ < r.key_;
      }
      bool operator()(const rvalue &l, const std::string &r) const {
        return l.key_ < r;
      }
      bool operator()(const std::string &l, const rvalue &r) const {
        return l < r.key_;
      }
    };
    if (!is_cached()) {
      std::sort(begin(), end(), Pred());
      set_cached();
    }
    auto it = lower_bound(begin(), end(), str, Pred());
    return it != end() && it->key_ == str;
  }

  int count(const std::string &str) const { return has(str) ? 1 : 0; }

  rvalue *begin() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::Object && t() != type::List)
      throw std::runtime_error("value is not a container");
#endif
    return l_.get();
  }
  rvalue *end() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::Object && t() != type::List)
      throw std::runtime_error("value is not a container");
#endif
    return l_.get() + lsize_;
  }

  const detail::r_string &key() const { return key_; }

  size_t size() const {
    if (t() == type::String) return s().size();
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::Object && t() != type::List)
      throw std::runtime_error("value is not a container");
#endif
    return lsize_;
  }

  const rvalue &operator[](int index) const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::List) throw std::runtime_error("value is not a list");
    if (index >= static_cast<int>(lsize_) || index < 0)
      throw std::runtime_error("list out of bound");
#endif
    return l_[index];
  }

  const rvalue &operator[](size_t index) const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::List) throw std::runtime_error("value is not a list");
    if (index >= lsize_) throw std::runtime_error("list out of bound");
#endif
    return l_[index];
  }

  const rvalue &operator[](const char *str) const {
    return this->operator[](std::string(str));
  }

  const rvalue &operator[](const std::string &str) const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::Object) throw std::runtime_error("value is not an object");
#endif
    struct Pred {
      bool operator()(const rvalue &l, const rvalue &r) const {
        return l.key_ < r.key_;
      }
      bool operator()(const rvalue &l, const std::string &r) const {
        return l.key_ < r;
      }
      bool operator()(const std::string &l, const rvalue &r) const {
        return l < r.key_;
      }
    };
    if (!is_cached()) {
      std::sort(begin(), end(), Pred());
      set_cached();
    }
    auto it = lower_bound(begin(), end(), str, Pred());
    if (it != end() && it->key_ == str) return *it;
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    throw std::runtime_error("cannot find key: " + str);
#else
    static rvalue nullValue;
    return nullValue;
#endif
  }

  void set_error() { option_ |= error_bit; }

  bool error() const { return (option_ & error_bit) != 0; }

  std::vector<std::string> keys() const {
#ifndef CROW_JSON_NO_ERROR_CHECK
    if (t() != type::Object) throw std::runtime_error("value is not an object");
#endif
    std::vector<std::string> ret;
    ret.reserve(lsize_);
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < lsize_; i++) {
      ret.emplace_back(std::string(l_[i].key()));
    }
    return ret;
  }

private:
  bool is_cached() const { return (option_ & cached_bit) != 0; }
  void set_cached() const { option_ |= cached_bit; }
  void copy_l(const rvalue &r) {
    if (r.t() != type::Object && r.t() != type::List) return;
    lsize_ = r.lsize_;
    lremain_ = 0;
    l_.reset(new rvalue[lsize_]);
    std::copy(r.begin(), r.end(), begin());
  }

  void emplace_back(rvalue &&v) {
    if (!lremain_) {
      int new_size = lsize_ + lsize_;
      if (new_size - lsize_ > 60000) new_size = lsize_ + 60000;
      if (new_size < 4) new_size = 4;
      rvalue *p = new rvalue[new_size];
      rvalue *p2 = p;
      for (auto &x : *this)
        *p2++ = std::move(x);
      l_.reset(p);
      lremain_ = new_size - lsize_;
    }
    l_[lsize_++] = std::move(v);
    lremain_--;
  }

  /// Determines num_type from the string.
  void determine_num_type() {
    if (t_ != type::Number) {
      nt_ = num_type::Null;
      return;
    }

    const std::size_t len = end_ - start_;
    const bool has_minus = std::memchr(start_, '-', len) != nullptr;
    const bool has_e = std::memchr(start_, 'e', len) != nullptr ||
                       std::memchr(start_, 'E', len) != nullptr;
    const bool has_dec_sep = std::memchr(start_, '.', len) != nullptr;
    if (has_dec_sep || has_e)
      nt_ = num_type::Floating_point;
    else if (has_minus)
      nt_ = num_type::Signed_integer;
    else
      nt_ = num_type::Unsigned_integer;
  }

  mutable char *start_;
  mutable char *end_;
  detail::r_string key_;
  std::unique_ptr<rvalue[]> l_;
  uint32_t lsize_;
  uint16_t lremain_;
  type t_;
  num_type nt_{num_type::Null};
  mutable uint8_t option_{0};

  friend rvalue load_nocopy_internal(char *data, size_t size);
  friend rvalue load(const char *data, size_t size);
  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const rvalue &r) {
    switch (r.t_) {

    case type::Null: os << "null"; break;
    case type::False: os << "false"; break;
    case type::True: os << "true"; break;
    case type::Number: {
      switch (r.nt()) {
      case num_type::Floating_point: os << r.d(); break;
      case num_type::Double_precision_floating_point: os << r.d(); break;
      case num_type::Signed_integer: os << r.i(); break;
      case num_type::Unsigned_integer: os << r.u(); break;
      case num_type::Null:
        throw std::runtime_error("Number with num_type Null");
      }
    } break;
    case type::String: os << '"' << r.s() << '"'; break;
    case type::List: {
      os << '[';
      bool first = true;
      for (auto &x : r) {
        if (!first) os << ',';
        first = false;
        os << x;
      }
      os << ']';
    } break;
    case type::Object: {
      os << '{';
      bool first = true;
      for (auto &x : r) {
        if (!first) os << ',';
        os << '"' << escape(x.key_) << "\":";
        first = false;
        os << x;
      }
      os << '}';
    } break;
    case type::Function: os << "custom function"; break;
    }
    return os;
  }
};
namespace detail {}

inline bool operator==(const rvalue &l, const std::string &r) {
  return l.s() == r;
}

inline bool operator==(const std::string &l, const rvalue &r) {
  return l == r.s();
}

inline bool operator!=(const rvalue &l, const std::string &r) {
  return l.s() != r;
}

inline bool operator!=(const std::string &l, const rvalue &r) {
  return l != r.s();
}

inline bool operator==(const rvalue &l, const int &r) { return l.i() == r; }

inline bool operator==(const int &l, const rvalue &r) { return l == r.i(); }

inline bool operator!=(const rvalue &l, const int &r) { return l.i() != r; }

inline bool operator!=(const int &l, const rvalue &r) { return l != r.i(); }

inline rvalue load_nocopy_internal(char *data, size_t size) {
  // Defend against excessive recursion
  static constexpr unsigned max_depth = 10000;

  // static const char* escaped = "\"\\/\b\f\n\r\t";
  struct Parser {
    Parser(char *data_, size_t /*size*/) : data(data_) {}

    bool consume(char c) {
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(*data != c)) return false;
      data++;
      return true;
    }

    void ws_skip() {
      while (*data == ' ' || *data == '\t' || *data == '\r' || *data == '\n')
        ++data;
    }

    rvalue decode_string() {
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!consume('"'))) return {};
      char *start = data;
      uint8_t has_escaping = 0;
      while (1) {
        if (CROW_LIKELY(*data != '"' && *data != '\\' && *data != '\0')) {
          data++;
        } else if (*data == '"') {
          *data = 0;
          *(start - 1) = has_escaping;
          data++;
          return {type::String, start, data - 1};
        } else if (*data == '\\') {
          has_escaping = 1;
          data++;
          switch (*data) {
          case 'u': {
            auto check = [](char c) {
              return ('0' <= c && c <= '9') || ('a' <= c && c <= 'f') ||
                     ('A' <= c && c <= 'F');
            };
            if (!(check(*(data + 1)) && check(*(data + 2)) &&
                  check(*(data + 3)) && check(*(data + 4))))
              return {};
          }
            data += 5;
            break;
          case '"':
          case '\\':
          case '/':
          case 'b':
          case 'f':
          case 'n':
          case 'r':
          case 't': data++; break;
          default: return {};
          }
        } else
          return {};
      }
      return {};
    }

    rvalue decode_list(unsigned depth) {
      rvalue ret(type::List);
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!consume('[')) || CROW_UNLIKELY(depth > max_depth)) {
        ret.set_error();
        return ret;
      }
      ws_skip();
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(*data == ']')) {
        data++;
        return ret;
      }

      while (1) {
        auto v = decode_value(depth + 1);
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!v)) {
          ret.set_error();
          break;
        }
        ws_skip();
        ret.emplace_back(std::move(v));
        if (*data == ']') {
          data++;
          break;
        }
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!consume(','))) {
          ret.set_error();
          break;
        }
        ws_skip();
      }
      return ret;
    }

    rvalue decode_number() {
      char *start = data;

      enum NumberParsingState {
        Minus,
        AfterMinus,
        ZeroFirst,
        Digits,
        DigitsAfterPoints,
        E,
        DigitsAfterE,
        Invalid,
      } state{Minus};
      while (CROW_LIKELY(state != Invalid)) {
        switch (*data) {
        case '0':
          state = static_cast<NumberParsingState>("\2\2\7\3\4\6\6"[state]);
          /*if (state == NumberParsingState::Minus || state ==
          NumberParsingState::AfterMinus)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::ZeroFirst;
          }
          else if (state == NumberParsingState::Digits ||
              state == NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterE ||
              state == NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterPoints)
          {
              // ok; pass
          }
          else if (state == NumberParsingState::E)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterE;
          }
          else
              return {};*/
          break;
        case '1':
        case '2':
        case '3':
        case '4':
        case '5':
        case '6':
        case '7':
        case '8':
        case '9':
          state = static_cast<NumberParsingState>("\3\3\7\3\4\6\6"[state]);
          while (*(data + 1) >= '0' && *(data + 1) <= '9')
            data++;
          /*if (state == NumberParsingState::Minus || state ==
          NumberParsingState::AfterMinus)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::Digits;
          }
          else if (state == NumberParsingState::Digits ||
              state == NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterE ||
              state == NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterPoints)
          {
              // ok; pass
          }
          else if (state == NumberParsingState::E)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterE;
          }
          else
              return {};*/
          break;
        case '.':
          state = static_cast<NumberParsingState>("\7\7\4\4\7\7\7"[state]);
          /*
          if (state == NumberParsingState::Digits || state ==
          NumberParsingState::ZeroFirst)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterPoints;
          }
          else
              return {};
          */
          break;
        case '-':
          state = static_cast<NumberParsingState>("\1\7\7\7\7\6\7"[state]);
          /*if (state == NumberParsingState::Minus)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::AfterMinus;
          }
          else if (state == NumberParsingState::E)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterE;
          }
          else
              return {};*/
          break;
        case '+':
          state = static_cast<NumberParsingState>("\7\7\7\7\7\6\7"[state]);
          /*if (state == NumberParsingState::E)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterE;
          }
          else
              return {};*/
          break;
        case 'e':
        case 'E':
          state = static_cast<NumberParsingState>("\7\7\7\5\5\7\7"[state]);
          /*if (state == NumberParsingState::Digits ||
              state == NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterPoints)
          {
              state = NumberParsingState::E;
          }
          else
              return {};*/
          break;
        default:
          if (CROW_LIKELY(state == NumberParsingState::ZeroFirst ||
                          state == NumberParsingState::Digits ||
                          state == NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterPoints ||
                          state == NumberParsingState::DigitsAfterE))
            return {type::Number, start, data};
          else
            return {};
        }
        data++;
      }

      return {};
    }

    rvalue decode_value(unsigned depth) {
      switch (*data) {
      case '[': return decode_list(depth + 1);
      case '{': return decode_object(depth + 1);
      case '"': return decode_string();
      case 't':
        if ( // e-data >= 4 &&
            data[1] == 'r' && data[2] == 'u' && data[3] == 'e') {
          data += 4;
          return {type::True};
        } else
          return {};
      case 'f':
        if ( // e-data >= 5 &&
            data[1] == 'a' && data[2] == 'l' && data[3] == 's' &&
            data[4] == 'e') {
          data += 5;
          return {type::False};
        } else
          return {};
      case 'n':
        if ( // e-data >= 4 &&
            data[1] == 'u' && data[2] == 'l' && data[3] == 'l') {
          data += 4;
          return {type::Null};
        } else
          return {};
      // case '1': case '2': case '3':
      // case '4': case '5': case '6':
      // case '7': case '8': case '9':
      // case '0': case '-':
      default: return decode_number();
      }
      return {};
    }

    rvalue decode_object(unsigned depth) {
      rvalue ret(type::Object);
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!consume('{')) || CROW_UNLIKELY(depth > max_depth)) {
        ret.set_error();
        return ret;
      }

      ws_skip();

      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(*data == '}')) {
        data++;
        return ret;
      }

      while (1) {
        auto t = decode_string();
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!t)) {
          ret.set_error();
          break;
        }

        ws_skip();
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!consume(':'))) {
          ret.set_error();
          break;
        }

        // TODO(ipkn) caching key to speed up (flyweight?)
        // I have no idea how flyweight could apply here, but maybe some speedup
        // can happen if we stopped checking type since decode_string returns a
        // string anyway
        auto key = t.s();

        ws_skip();
        auto v = decode_value(depth + 1);
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!v)) {
          ret.set_error();
          break;
        }
        ws_skip();

        v.key_ = std::move(key);
        ret.emplace_back(std::move(v));
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(*data == '}')) {
          data++;
          break;
        }
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!consume(','))) {
          ret.set_error();
          break;
        }
        ws_skip();
      }
      return ret;
    }

    rvalue parse() {
      ws_skip();
      auto ret = decode_value(0); // or decode object?
      ws_skip();
      if (ret && *data != '\0') ret.set_error();
      return ret;
    }

    char *data;
  };
  return Parser(data, size).parse();
}
inline rvalue load(const char *data, size_t size) {
  char *s = new char[size + 1];
  memcpy(s, data, size);
  s[size] = 0;
  auto ret = load_nocopy_internal(s, size);
  if (ret)
    ret.key_.force(s, size);
  else
    delete[] s;
  return ret;
}

inline rvalue load(const char *data) { return load(data, strlen(data)); }

inline rvalue load(const std::string &str) {
  return load(str.data(), str.size());
}

struct wvalue_reader;

/// JSON write value.

///
/// Value can mean any json value, including a JSON object.<br>
/// Write means this class is used to primarily assemble JSON objects using keys
/// and values and export those into a string.
class wvalue : public returnable {
  friend class crow::mustache::template_t;
  friend struct wvalue_reader;

public:
  using object =
#ifdef CROW_JSON_USE_MAP
      std::map<std::string, wvalue>;
#else
      std::unordered_map<std::string, wvalue>;
#endif

  using list = std::vector<wvalue>;

  type t() const { return t_; }

  /// Create an empty json value (outputs "{}" instead of a "null" string)
  static crow::json::wvalue empty_object() {
    return crow::json::wvalue::object();
  }

private:
  type t_{type::Null};         ///< The type of the value.
  num_type nt{num_type::Null}; ///< The specific type of the number if \ref t_
                               ///< is a number.
  union number {
    double d;
    int64_t si;
    uint64_t ui;

  public:
    constexpr number() noexcept
        : ui() {} /* default constructor initializes unsigned integer. */
    constexpr number(std::uint64_t value) noexcept : ui(value) {}
    constexpr number(std::int64_t value) noexcept : si(value) {}
    explicit constexpr number(double value) noexcept : d(value) {}
    explicit constexpr number(float value) noexcept : d(value) {}
  } num;                     ///< Value if type is a number.
  std::string s;             ///< Value if type is a string.
  std::unique_ptr<list> l;   ///< Value if type is a list.
  std::unique_ptr<object> o; ///< Value if type is a JSON object.
  std::function<std::string(std::string &)>
      f; ///< Value if type is a function (C++ lambda)

public:
  wvalue() : returnable("application/json") {}

  wvalue(std::nullptr_t) : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Null) {}

  wvalue(bool value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(value ? type::True : type::False) {}

  wvalue(std::uint8_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Unsigned_integer), num(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(value)) {
  }
  wvalue(std::uint16_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Unsigned_integer), num(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(value)) {
  }
  wvalue(std::uint32_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Unsigned_integer), num(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(value)) {
  }
  wvalue(std::uint64_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Unsigned_integer), num(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(value)) {
  }

  wvalue(std::int8_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Signed_integer), num(static_cast<std::int64_t>(value)) {}
  wvalue(std::int16_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Signed_integer), num(static_cast<std::int64_t>(value)) {}
  wvalue(std::int32_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Signed_integer), num(static_cast<std::int64_t>(value)) {}
  wvalue(std::int64_t value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Signed_integer), num(static_cast<std::int64_t>(value)) {}

  wvalue(float value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Floating_point), num(static_cast<double>(value)) {}
  wvalue(double value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Number),
        nt(num_type::Double_precision_floating_point),
        num(static_cast<double>(value)) {}

  wvalue(char const *value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::String), s(value) {}

  wvalue(std::string const &value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::String), s(value) {}
  wvalue(std::string &&value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::String), s(std::move(value)) {}

  wvalue(std::initializer_list<std::pair<std::string const, wvalue>>
             initializer_list)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Object),
        o(new object(initializer_list)) {}

  wvalue(object const &value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Object), o(new object(value)) {
  }
  wvalue(object &&value)
      : returnable("application/json"), t_(type::Object),
        o(new object(std::move(value))) {}

  wvalue(const list &r) : returnable("application/json") {
    t_ = type::List;
    l = std::unique_ptr<list>(new list{});
    l->reserve(r.size());
    for (auto it = r.begin(); it != r.end(); ++it)
      l->emplace_back(*it);
  }
  wvalue(list &r) : returnable("application/json") {
    t_ = type::List;
    l = std::unique_ptr<list>(new list{});
    l->reserve(r.size());
    for (auto it = r.begin(); it != r.end(); ++it)
      l->emplace_back(*it);
  }

  /// Create a write value from a read value (useful for editing JSON strings).
  wvalue(const rvalue &r) : returnable("application/json") {
    t_ = r.t();
    switch (r.t()) {
    case type::Null:
    case type::False:
    case type::True:
    case type::Function: return;
    case type::Number:
      nt = r.nt();
      if (nt == num_type::Floating_point ||
          nt == num_type::Double_precision_floating_point)
        num.d = r.d();
      else if (nt == num_type::Signed_integer)
        num.si = r.i();
      else
        num.ui = r.u();
      return;
    case type::String: s = r.s(); return;
    case type::List:
      l = std::unique_ptr<list>(new list{});
      l->reserve(r.size());
      for (auto it = r.begin(); it != r.end(); ++it)
        l->emplace_back(*it);
      return;
    case type::Object:
      o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object{});
      for (auto it = r.begin(); it != r.end(); ++it)
        o->emplace(it->key(), *it);
      return;
    }
  }

  wvalue(const wvalue &r) : returnable("application/json") {
    t_ = r.t();
    switch (r.t()) {
    case type::Null:
    case type::False:
    case type::True: return;
    case type::Number:
      nt = r.nt;
      if (nt == num_type::Floating_point ||
          nt == num_type::Double_precision_floating_point)
        num.d = r.num.d;
      else if (nt == num_type::Signed_integer)
        num.si = r.num.si;
      else
        num.ui = r.num.ui;
      return;
    case type::String: s = r.s; return;
    case type::List:
      l = std::unique_ptr<list>(new list{});
      l->reserve(r.size());
      for (auto it = r.l->begin(); it != r.l->end(); ++it)
        l->emplace_back(*it);
      return;
    case type::Object:
      o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object{});
      o->insert(r.o->begin(), r.o->end());
      return;
    case type::Function: f = r.f;
    }
  }

  wvalue(wvalue &&r) : returnable("application/json") { *this = std::move(r); }

  wvalue &operator=(wvalue &&r) {
    t_ = r.t_;
    nt = r.nt;
    num = r.num;
    s = std::move(r.s);
    l = std::move(r.l);
    o = std::move(r.o);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Used for compatibility, same as \ref reset()
  void clear() { reset(); }

  void reset() {
    t_ = type::Null;
    l.reset();
    o.reset();
  }

  wvalue &operator=(std::nullptr_t) {
    reset();
    return *this;
  }
  wvalue &operator=(bool value) {
    reset();
    if (value)
      t_ = type::True;
    else
      t_ = type::False;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(float value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.d = value;
    nt = num_type::Floating_point;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(double value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.d = value;
    nt = num_type::Double_precision_floating_point;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(unsigned short value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.ui = value;
    nt = num_type::Unsigned_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(short value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.si = value;
    nt = num_type::Signed_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(long long value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.si = value;
    nt = num_type::Signed_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(long value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.si = value;
    nt = num_type::Signed_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(int value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.si = value;
    nt = num_type::Signed_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(unsigned long long value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.ui = value;
    nt = num_type::Unsigned_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(unsigned long value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.ui = value;
    nt = num_type::Unsigned_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(unsigned int value) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Number;
    num.ui = value;
    nt = num_type::Unsigned_integer;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(const char *str) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::String;
    s = str;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(const std::string &str) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::String;
    s = str;
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(list &&v) {
    if (t_ != type::List) reset();
    t_ = type::List;
    if (!l) l = std::unique_ptr<list>(new list{});
    l->clear();
    l->resize(v.size());
    size_t idx = 0;
    for (auto &x : v) {
      (*l)[idx++] = std::move(x);
    }
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename T> wvalue &operator=(const std::vector<T> &v) {
    if (t_ != type::List) reset();
    t_ = type::List;
    if (!l) l = std::unique_ptr<list>(new list{});
    l->clear();
    l->resize(v.size());
    size_t idx = 0;
    for (auto &x : v) {
      (*l)[idx++] = x;
    }
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(std::initializer_list<std::pair<std::string const, wvalue>>
                        initializer_list) {
    if (t_ != type::Object) {
      reset();
      t_ = type::Object;
      o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object(initializer_list));
    } else {
#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__MACH__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) ||         \
    defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
      o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object(initializer_list));
#else
      (*o) = initializer_list;
#endif
    }
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(object const &value) {
    if (t_ != type::Object) {
      reset();
      t_ = type::Object;
      o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object(value));
    } else {
#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__MACH__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) ||         \
    defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
      o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object(value));
#else
      (*o) = value;
#endif
    }
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(object &&value) {
    if (t_ != type::Object) {
      reset();
      t_ = type::Object;
      o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object(std::move(value)));
    } else {
      (*o) = std::move(value);
    }
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator=(std::function<std::string(std::string &)> &&func) {
    reset();
    t_ = type::Function;
    f = std::move(func);
    return *this;
  }

  wvalue &operator[](unsigned index) {
    if (t_ != type::List) reset();
    t_ = type::List;
    if (!l) l = std::unique_ptr<list>(new list{});
    if (l->size() < index + 1) l->resize(index + 1);
    return (*l)[index];
  }

  const wvalue &operator[](unsigned index) const {
    return const_cast<wvalue *>(this)->operator[](index);
  }

  int count(const std::string &str) const {
    if (t_ != type::Object) return 0;
    if (!o) return 0;
    return o->count(str);
  }

  wvalue &operator[](const std::string &str) {
    if (t_ != type::Object) reset();
    t_ = type::Object;
    if (!o) o = std::unique_ptr<object>(new object{});
    return (*o)[str];
  }

  const wvalue &operator[](const std::string &str) const {
    return const_cast<wvalue *>(this)->operator[](str);
  }

  std::vector<std::string> keys() const {
    if (t_ != type::Object) return {};
    std::vector<std::string> result;
    for (auto &kv : *o) {
      result.push_back(kv.first);
    }
    return result;
  }

  std::string
  execute(std::string txt = "") const // Not using reference because it cannot
                                      // be used with a default rvalue
  {
    if (t_ != type::Function) return "";
    return f(txt);
  }

  /// If the wvalue is a list, it returns the length of the list, otherwise it
  /// returns 1.
  std::size_t size() const {
    if (t_ != type::List) return 1;
    return l->size();
  }

  /// Returns an estimated size of the value in bytes.
  size_t estimate_length() const {
    switch (t_) {
    case type::Null: return 4;
    case type::False: return 5;
    case type::True: return 4;
    case type::Number: return 30;
    case type::String: return 2 + s.size() + s.size() / 2;
    case type::List: {
      size_t sum{};
      if (l) {
        for (auto &x : *l) {
          sum += 1;
          sum += x.estimate_length();
        }
      }
      return sum + 2;
    }
    case type::Object: {
      size_t sum{};
      if (o) {
        for (auto &kv : *o) {
          sum += 2;
          sum += 2 + kv.first.size() + kv.first.size() / 2;
          sum += kv.second.estimate_length();
        }
      }
      return sum + 2;
    }
    case type::Function: return 0;
    }
    return 1;
  }

private:
  inline void dump_string(const std::string &str, std::string &out) const {
    out.push_back('"');
    escape(str, out);
    out.push_back('"');
  }

  inline void dump_indentation_part(std::string &out, const int indent,
                                    const char separator,
                                    const int indent_level) const {
    out.push_back('\n');
    out.append(indent_level * indent, separator);
  }

  inline void dump_internal(const wvalue &v, std::string &out, const int indent,
                            const char separator,
                            const int indent_level = 0) const {
    switch (v.t_) {
    case type::Null: out += "null"; break;
    case type::False: out += "false"; break;
    case type::True: out += "true"; break;
    case type::Number: {
      if (v.nt == num_type::Floating_point ||
          v.nt == num_type::Double_precision_floating_point) {
        if (isnan(v.num.d) || isinf(v.num.d)) {
          out += "null";
          CROW_LOG_WARNING << "Invalid JSON value detected (" << v.num.d
                           << "), value set to null";
          break;
        }
        enum {
          start,
          decp, // Decimal point
          zero
        } f_state;
        char outbuf[128];
        if (v.nt == num_type::Double_precision_floating_point) {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
          sprintf_s(outbuf, sizeof(outbuf), "%.*g", DBL_DECIMAL_DIG, v.num.d);
#else
          snprintf(outbuf, sizeof(outbuf), "%.*g", DBL_DECIMAL_DIG, v.num.d);
#endif
        } else {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
          sprintf_s(outbuf, sizeof(outbuf), "%f", v.num.d);
#else
          snprintf(outbuf, sizeof(outbuf), "%f", v.num.d);
#endif
        }
        char *p = &outbuf[0];
        char *pos_first_trailing_0 = nullptr;
        f_state = start;
        while (*p != '\0') {
          // std::cout << *p << std::endl;
          char ch = *p;
          switch (f_state) {
          case start: // Loop and lookahead until a decimal point is found
            if (ch == '.') {
              char fch = *(p + 1);
              // if the first character is 0, leave it be (this is so that
              // "1.00000" becomes "1.0" and not "1.")
              if (fch != '\0' && fch == '0') p++;
              f_state = decp;
            }
            p++;
            break;
          case decp: // Loop until a 0 is found, if found, record its position
            if (ch == '0') {
              f_state = zero;
              pos_first_trailing_0 = p;
            }
            p++;
            break;
          case zero: // if a non 0 is found (e.g. 1.00004) remove the earlier
                     // recorded 0 position and look for more trailing 0s
            if (ch != '0') {
              pos_first_trailing_0 = nullptr;
              f_state = decp;
            }
            p++;
            break;
          }
        }
        if (pos_first_trailing_0 !=
            nullptr) // if any trailing 0s are found, terminate the string where
                     // they begin
          *pos_first_trailing_0 = '\0';
        out += outbuf;
      } else if (v.nt == num_type::Signed_integer) {
        out += std::to_string(v.num.si);
      } else {
        out += std::to_string(v.num.ui);
      }
    } break;
    case type::String: dump_string(v.s, out); break;
    case type::List: {
      out.push_back('[');

      if (indent >= 0) {
        dump_indentation_part(out, indent, separator, indent_level + 1);
      }

      if (v.l) {
        bool first = true;
        for (auto &x : *v.l) {
          if (!first) {
            out.push_back(',');

            if (indent >= 0) {
              dump_indentation_part(out, indent, separator, indent_level + 1);
            }
          }
          first = false;
          dump_internal(x, out, indent, separator, indent_level + 1);
        }
      }

      if (indent >= 0) {
        dump_indentation_part(out, indent, separator, indent_level);
      }

      out.push_back(']');
    } break;
    case type::Object: {
      out.push_back('{');

      if (indent >= 0) {
        dump_indentation_part(out, indent, separator, indent_level + 1);
      }

      if (v.o) {
        bool first = true;
        for (auto &kv : *v.o) {
          if (!first) {
            out.push_back(',');
            if (indent >= 0) {
              dump_indentation_part(out, indent, separator, indent_level + 1);
            }
          }
          first = false;
          dump_string(kv.first, out);
          out.push_back(':');

          if (indent >= 0) { out.push_back(' '); }

          dump_internal(kv.second, out, indent, separator, indent_level + 1);
        }
      }

      if (indent >= 0) {
        dump_indentation_part(out, indent, separator, indent_level);
      }

      out.push_back('}');
    } break;

    case type::Function: out += "custom function"; break;
    }
  }

public:
  std::string dump(const int indent, const char separator = ' ') const {
    std::string ret;
    ret.reserve(estimate_length());
    dump_internal(*this, ret, indent, separator);
    return ret;
  }

  std::string dump() const override {
    static constexpr int DontIndent = -1;

    return dump(DontIndent);
  }
};

// Used for accessing the internals of a wvalue
struct wvalue_reader {
  int64_t get(int64_t fallback) {
    if (ref.t() != type::Number || ref.nt == num_type::Floating_point ||
        ref.nt == num_type::Double_precision_floating_point)
      return fallback;
    return ref.num.si;
  }

  double get(double fallback) {
    if (ref.t() != type::Number || ref.nt != num_type::Floating_point ||
        ref.nt == num_type::Double_precision_floating_point)
      return fallback;
    return ref.num.d;
  }

  bool get(bool fallback) {
    if (ref.t() == type::True) return true;
    if (ref.t() == type::False) return false;
    return fallback;
  }

  std::string get(const std::string &fallback) {
    if (ref.t() != type::String) return fallback;
    return ref.s;
  }

  const wvalue &ref;
};

// std::vector<asio::const_buffer> dump_ref(wvalue& v)
//{
// }
} // namespace json
} // namespace crow

#include <locale>
#include <string_view>
#include <unordered_map>

namespace crow {
/// Hashing function for ci_map (unordered_multimap).
struct ci_hash {
  size_t operator()(const std::string_view key) const {
    std::size_t seed = 0;
    std::locale locale;

    for (auto c : key)
      hash_combine(seed, std::toupper(c, locale));

    return seed;
  }

private:
  static inline void hash_combine(std::size_t &seed, char v) {
    std::hash<char> hasher;
    seed ^= hasher(v) + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6) + (seed >> 2);
  }
};

/// Equals function for ci_map (unordered_multimap).
struct ci_key_eq {
  bool operator()(const std::string_view l, const std::string_view r) const {
    return utility::string_equals(l, r);
  }
};

using ci_map =
    std::unordered_multimap<std::string, std::string, ci_hash, ci_key_eq>;
} // namespace crow

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

namespace crow {
const char cr = '\r';
const char lf = '\n';
const std::string crlf("\r\n");

enum class HTTPMethod : char {
#ifndef DELETE
  DELETE = 0,
  GET,
  HEAD,
  POST,
  PUT,

  CONNECT,
  OPTIONS,
  TRACE,

  PATCH,
  PURGE,

  COPY,
  LOCK,
  MKCOL,
  MOVE,
  PROPFIND,
  PROPPATCH,
  SEARCH,
  UNLOCK,
  BIND,
  REBIND,
  UNBIND,
  ACL,

  REPORT,
  MKACTIVITY,
  CHECKOUT,
  MERGE,

  MSEARCH,
  NOTIFY,
  SUBSCRIBE,
  UNSUBSCRIBE,

  MKCALENDAR,

  LINK,
  UNLINK,

  SOURCE,
#endif

  Delete = 0,
  Get,
  Head,
  Post,
  Put,

  Connect,
  Options,
  Trace,

  Patch,
  Purge,

  Copy,
  Lock,
  MkCol,
  Move,
  Propfind,
  Proppatch,
  Search,
  Unlock,
  Bind,
  Rebind,
  Unbind,
  Acl,

  Report,
  MkActivity,
  Checkout,
  Merge,

  MSearch,
  Notify,
  Subscribe,
  Unsubscribe,

  MkCalendar,

  Link,
  Unlink,

  Source,

  InternalMethodCount,
  // should not add an item below this line: used for array count
};

constexpr const char *method_strings[] = {
    "DELETE",     "GET",        "HEAD",      "POST",        "PUT",

    "CONNECT",    "OPTIONS",    "TRACE",

    "PATCH",      "PURGE",

    "COPY",       "LOCK",       "MKCOL",     "MOVE",        "PROPFIND",
    "PROPPATCH",  "SEARCH",     "UNLOCK",    "BIND",        "REBIND",
    "UNBIND",     "ACL",

    "REPORT",     "MKACTIVITY", "CHECKOUT",  "MERGE",

    "M-SEARCH",   "NOTIFY",     "SUBSCRIBE", "UNSUBSCRIBE",

    "MKCALENDAR",

    "LINK",       "UNLINK",

    "SOURCE"};

inline std::string method_name(HTTPMethod method) {
  if (CROW_LIKELY(method < HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount)) {
    return method_strings[static_cast<unsigned int>(method)];
  }
  return "invalid";
}

// clang-format off

    enum status
    {
        CONTINUE                      = 100,
        SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS           = 101,

        OK                            = 200,
        CREATED                       = 201,
        ACCEPTED                      = 202,
        NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203,
        NO_CONTENT                    = 204,
        RESET_CONTENT                 = 205,
        PARTIAL_CONTENT               = 206,
        WEBDAV_MULTI_STATUS           = 207,
        MULTIPLE_CHOICES              = 300,
        MOVED_PERMANENTLY             = 301,
        FOUND                         = 302,
        SEE_OTHER                     = 303,
        NOT_MODIFIED                  = 304,
        TEMPORARY_REDIRECT            = 307,
        PERMANENT_REDIRECT            = 308,

        BAD_REQUEST                   = 400,
        UNAUTHORIZED                  = 401,
        FORBIDDEN                     = 403,
        NOT_FOUND                     = 404,
        METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED            = 405,
        NOT_ACCEPTABLE                = 406,
        PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407,
        CONFLICT                      = 409,
        GONE                          = 410,
        PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE             = 413,
        UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE        = 415,
        RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE         = 416,
        EXPECTATION_FAILED            = 417,

        WEBDAV_PRECONDITION_FAILED    = 412,
        WEBDAV_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG   = 414,
        WEBDAV_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY   = 422,
        WEBDAV_LOCKED                 = 423,
        WEBDAV_FAILED_DEPENDENCY      = 424,

        PRECONDITION_REQUIRED         = 428,
        TOO_MANY_REQUESTS             = 429,
        UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS = 451,

        INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR         = 500,
        NOT_IMPLEMENTED               = 501,
        BAD_GATEWAY                   = 502,
        SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE           = 503,
        GATEWAY_TIMEOUT               = 504,
        VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES       = 506,
        WEBDAV_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE   = 507
    };

// clang-format on

enum class ParamType : char {
  INT,
  UINT,
  DOUBLE,
  STRING,
  PATH,

  MAX
};

/// @cond SKIP
struct routing_params {
  std::vector<int64_t> int_params;
  std::vector<uint64_t> uint_params;
  std::vector<double> double_params;
  std::vector<std::string> string_params;

  void debug_print() const {
    std::cerr << "routing_params" << std::endl;
    for (auto i : int_params)
      std::cerr << i << ", ";
    std::cerr << std::endl;
    for (auto i : uint_params)
      std::cerr << i << ", ";
    std::cerr << std::endl;
    for (auto i : double_params)
      std::cerr << i << ", ";
    std::cerr << std::endl;
    for (auto &i : string_params)
      std::cerr << i << ", ";
    std::cerr << std::endl;
  }

  template <typename T> T get(unsigned) const;
};

template <> inline int64_t routing_params::get<int64_t>(unsigned index) const {
  return int_params[index];
}

template <>
inline uint64_t routing_params::get<uint64_t>(unsigned index) const {
  return uint_params[index];
}

template <> inline double routing_params::get<double>(unsigned index) const {
  return double_params[index];
}

template <>
inline std::string routing_params::get<std::string>(unsigned index) const {
  return string_params[index];
}
/// @endcond

struct routing_handle_result {
  bool catch_all{false};
  size_t rule_index;
  std::vector<size_t> blueprint_indices;
  routing_params r_params;
  HTTPMethod method;

  routing_handle_result() {}

  routing_handle_result(size_t rule_index_,
                        std::vector<size_t> blueprint_indices_,
                        routing_params r_params_)
      : rule_index(rule_index_), blueprint_indices(blueprint_indices_),
        r_params(r_params_) {}

  routing_handle_result(size_t rule_index_,
                        std::vector<size_t> blueprint_indices_,
                        routing_params r_params_, HTTPMethod method_)
      : rule_index(rule_index_), blueprint_indices(blueprint_indices_),
        r_params(r_params_), method(method_) {}
};
} // namespace crow

// clang-format off
#ifndef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
constexpr crow::HTTPMethod method_from_string(const char* str)
{
    return crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "GET", 3)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Get :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "DELETE", 6) ? crow::HTTPMethod::Delete :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "HEAD", 4)   ? crow::HTTPMethod::Head :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "POST", 4)   ? crow::HTTPMethod::Post :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "PUT", 3)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Put :

           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "OPTIONS", 7) ? crow::HTTPMethod::Options :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "CONNECT", 7) ? crow::HTTPMethod::Connect :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "TRACE", 5)   ? crow::HTTPMethod::Trace :

           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "PATCH", 5)     ? crow::HTTPMethod::Patch :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "PURGE", 5)     ? crow::HTTPMethod::Purge :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "COPY", 4)      ? crow::HTTPMethod::Copy :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "LOCK", 4)      ? crow::HTTPMethod::Lock :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "MKCOL", 5)     ? crow::HTTPMethod::MkCol :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "MOVE", 4)      ? crow::HTTPMethod::Move :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "PROPFIND", 8)  ? crow::HTTPMethod::Propfind :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "PROPPATCH", 9) ? crow::HTTPMethod::Proppatch :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "SEARCH", 6)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Search :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "UNLOCK", 6)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Unlock :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "BIND", 4)      ? crow::HTTPMethod::Bind :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "REBIND", 6)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Rebind :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "UNBIND", 6)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Unbind :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "ACL", 3)       ? crow::HTTPMethod::Acl :

           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "REPORT", 6)      ? crow::HTTPMethod::Report :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "MKACTIVITY", 10) ? crow::HTTPMethod::MkActivity :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "CHECKOUT", 8)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Checkout :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "MERGE", 5)       ? crow::HTTPMethod::Merge :

           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "MSEARCH", 7)      ? crow::HTTPMethod::MSearch :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "NOTIFY", 6)       ? crow::HTTPMethod::Notify :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "SUBSCRIBE", 9)    ? crow::HTTPMethod::Subscribe :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "UNSUBSCRIBE", 11) ? crow::HTTPMethod::Unsubscribe :

           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "MKCALENDAR", 10) ? crow::HTTPMethod::MkCalendar :

           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "LINK", 4)   ? crow::HTTPMethod::Link :
           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "UNLINK", 6) ? crow::HTTPMethod::Unlink :

           crow::black_magic::is_equ_p(str, "SOURCE", 6) ? crow::HTTPMethod::Source :
                                                           throw std::runtime_error("invalid http method");
}

constexpr crow::HTTPMethod operator""_method(const char* str, size_t /*len*/)
{
    return method_from_string( str );
}
#endif
// clang-format on

/* merged revision: 5b951d74bd66ec9d38448e0a85b1cf8b85d97db3 */
/* updated to     : e13b274770da9b82a1085dec29182acfea72e7a7 (beyond v2.9.5) */
/* commits not included:
 * 091ebb87783a58b249062540bbea07de2a11e9cf
 * 6132d1fefa03f769a3979355d1f5da0b8889cad2
 * 7ba312397c2a6c851a4b5efe6c1603b1e1bda6ff
 * d7675453a6c03180572f084e95eea0d02df39164
 * dff604db203986e532e5a679bafd0e7382c6bdd9 (Might be useful to actually add
 * [upgrade requests with a body]) e01811e7f4894d7f0f7f4bd8492cccec6f6b4038
 * (related to above) 05525c5fde1fc562481f6ae08fa7056185325daf (also related to
 * above) 350258965909f249f9c59823aac240313e0d0120 (cannot be implemented due to
 * upgrade)
 */

// clang-format off
extern "C" {
#include <stddef.h>
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__) && \
  (!defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER<1600) && !defined(__WINE__)
#include <BaseTsd.h>
typedef __int8 int8_t;
typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
typedef __int16 int16_t;
typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
typedef __int32 int32_t;
typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
typedef __int64 int64_t;
typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
#elif (defined(__sun) || defined(__sun__)) && defined(__SunOS_5_9)
#include <sys/inttypes.h>
#else
#include <stdint.h>
#endif
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>
}

namespace crow
{
/* Maximium header size allowed. If the macro is not defined
 * before including this header then the default is used. To
 * change the maximum header size, define the macro in the build
 * environment (e.g. -DHTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE=<value>). To remove
 * the effective limit on the size of the header, define the macro
 * to a very large number (e.g. -DCROW_HTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE=0x7fffffff)
 */
#ifndef CROW_HTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE
# define CROW_HTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE (80*1024)
#endif

typedef struct http_parser http_parser;
typedef struct http_parser_settings http_parser_settings;

/* Callbacks should return non-zero to indicate an error. The parser will
 * then halt execution.
 *
 * The one exception is on_headers_complete. In a HTTP_RESPONSE parser
 * returning '1' from on_headers_complete will tell the parser that it
 * should not expect a body. This is used when receiving a response to a
 * HEAD request which may contain 'Content-Length' or 'Transfer-Encoding:
 * chunked' headers that indicate the presence of a body.
 *
 * Returning `2` from on_headers_complete will tell parser that it should not
 * expect neither a body nor any futher responses on this connection. This is
 * useful for handling responses to a CONNECT request which may not contain
 * `Upgrade` or `Connection: upgrade` headers.
 *
 * http_data_cb does not return data chunks. It will be called arbitrarally
 * many times for each string. E.G. you might get 10 callbacks for "on_url"
 * each providing just a few characters more data.
 */
typedef int (*http_data_cb) (http_parser*, const char *at, size_t length);
typedef int (*http_cb) (http_parser*);


/* Flag values for http_parser.flags field */
enum http_connection_flags // This is basically 7 booleans placed into 1 integer. Uses 4 bytes instead of n bytes (7 currently).
  { F_CHUNKED               = 1 << 0 // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000001
  , F_CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE = 1 << 1 // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000010
  , F_CONNECTION_CLOSE      = 1 << 2 // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000100
  , F_TRAILING              = 1 << 3 // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00001000
  , F_UPGRADE               = 1 << 4 // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00010000
  , F_SKIPBODY              = 1 << 5 // 00000000 00000000 00000000 00100000
  , F_CONTENTLENGTH         = 1 << 6 // 00000000 00000000 00000000 01000000
  };


/* Map for errno-related constants
 *
 * The provided argument should be a macro that takes 2 arguments.
 */
#define CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(CROW_XX)                                                    \
  /* No error */                                                                        \
  CROW_XX(OK, "success")                                                                \
                                                                                        \
  /* Callback-related errors */                                                         \
  CROW_XX(CB_message_begin, "the on_message_begin callback failed")                     \
  CROW_XX(CB_method, "the on_method callback failed")                                   \
  CROW_XX(CB_url, "the \"on_url\" callback failed")                                     \
  CROW_XX(CB_header_field, "the \"on_header_field\" callback failed")                   \
  CROW_XX(CB_header_value, "the \"on_header_value\" callback failed")                   \
  CROW_XX(CB_headers_complete, "the \"on_headers_complete\" callback failed")           \
  CROW_XX(CB_body, "the \"on_body\" callback failed")                                   \
  CROW_XX(CB_message_complete, "the \"on_message_complete\" callback failed")           \
  CROW_XX(CB_status, "the \"on_status\" callback failed")                               \
                                                                                        \
  /* Parsing-related errors */                                                          \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_EOF_STATE, "stream ended at an unexpected time")                      \
  CROW_XX(HEADER_OVERFLOW, "too many header bytes seen; overflow detected")             \
  CROW_XX(CLOSED_CONNECTION, "data received after completed connection: close message") \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_VERSION, "invalid HTTP version")                                      \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_STATUS, "invalid HTTP status code")                                   \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_METHOD, "invalid HTTP method")                                        \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_URL, "invalid URL")                                                   \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_HOST, "invalid host")                                                 \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_PORT, "invalid port")                                                 \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_PATH, "invalid path")                                                 \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_QUERY_STRING, "invalid query string")                                 \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_FRAGMENT, "invalid fragment")                                         \
  CROW_XX(LF_EXPECTED, "LF character expected")                                         \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_HEADER_TOKEN, "invalid character in header")                          \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH, "invalid character in content-length header")         \
  CROW_XX(UNEXPECTED_CONTENT_LENGTH, "unexpected content-length header")                \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_CHUNK_SIZE, "invalid character in chunk size header")                 \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_CONSTANT, "invalid constant string")                                  \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_INTERNAL_STATE, "encountered unexpected internal state")              \
  CROW_XX(STRICT, "strict mode assertion failed")                                       \
  CROW_XX(UNKNOWN, "an unknown error occurred")                                         \
  CROW_XX(INVALID_TRANSFER_ENCODING, "request has invalid transfer-encoding")           \


/* Define CHPE_* values for each errno value above */
#define CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_GEN(n, s) CHPE_##n,
enum http_errno {
  CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_GEN)
};
#undef CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_GEN


/* Get an http_errno value from an http_parser */
#define CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(p) ((enum http_errno)(p)->http_errno)


    struct http_parser
    {
        /** PRIVATE **/
        unsigned int flags : 7;                  /* F_* values from 'flags' enum; semi-public */
        unsigned int state : 8;                  /* enum state from http_parser.c */
        unsigned int header_state : 7;           /* enum header_state from http_parser.c */
        unsigned int index : 5;                  /* index into current matcher */
        unsigned int uses_transfer_encoding : 1; /* Transfer-Encoding header is present */
        unsigned int allow_chunked_length : 1;   /* Allow headers with both `Content-Length` and `Transfer-Encoding: chunked` set */
        unsigned int lenient_http_headers : 1;

        uint32_t nread;          /* # bytes read in various scenarios */
        uint64_t content_length; /* # bytes in body. `(uint64_t) -1` (all bits one) if no Content-Length header. */
        unsigned long qs_point;

        /** READ-ONLY **/
        unsigned char http_major;
        unsigned char http_minor;
        unsigned int method : 8;       /* requests only */
        unsigned int http_errno : 7;

  /* 1 = Upgrade header was present and the parser has exited because of that.
   * 0 = No upgrade header present.
   * Should be checked when http_parser_execute() returns in addition to
   * error checking.
   */
        unsigned int upgrade : 1;

        /** PUBLIC **/
        void* data; /* A pointer to get hook to the "connection" or "socket" object */
    };


    struct http_parser_settings
    {
        http_cb on_message_begin;
        http_cb on_method;
        http_data_cb on_url;
        http_data_cb on_header_field;
        http_data_cb on_header_value;
        http_cb on_headers_complete;
        http_data_cb on_body;
        http_cb on_message_complete;
    };



// SOURCE (.c) CODE
static uint32_t max_header_size = CROW_HTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE;

#ifndef CROW_ULLONG_MAX
# define CROW_ULLONG_MAX ((uint64_t) -1) /* 2^64-1 */
#endif

#ifndef CROW_MIN
# define CROW_MIN(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#endif

#ifndef CROW_ARRAY_SIZE
# define CROW_ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof((a)[0]))
#endif

#ifndef CROW_BIT_AT
# define CROW_BIT_AT(a, i)                                           \
  (!!((unsigned int) (a)[(unsigned int) (i) >> 3] &                  \
   (1 << ((unsigned int) (i) & 7))))
#endif

#define CROW_SET_ERRNO(e)                                            \
do {                                                                 \
  parser->nread = nread;                                             \
  parser->http_errno = (e);                                          \
} while(0)

/* Run the notify callback FOR, returning ER if it fails */
#define CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_(FOR, ER)                               \
do {                                                                 \
  assert(CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(parser) == CHPE_OK);                 \
                                                                     \
  if (CROW_LIKELY(settings->on_##FOR)) {                             \
    if (CROW_UNLIKELY(0 != settings->on_##FOR(parser))) {            \
      CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_CB_##FOR);                                 \
    }                                                                \
                                                                     \
    /* We either errored above or got paused; get out */             \
    if (CROW_UNLIKELY(CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(parser) != CHPE_OK)) {  \
      return (ER);                                                   \
    }                                                                \
  }                                                                  \
} while (0)

/* Run the notify callback FOR and consume the current byte */
#define CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(FOR)            CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_(FOR, p - data + 1)

/* Run the notify callback FOR and don't consume the current byte */
#define CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_NOADVANCE(FOR)  CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_(FOR, p - data)

/* Run data callback FOR with LEN bytes, returning ER if it fails */
#define CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_(FOR, LEN, ER)                            \
do {                                                                 \
  assert(CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(parser) == CHPE_OK);                 \
                                                                     \
  if (FOR##_mark) {                                                  \
    if (CROW_LIKELY(settings->on_##FOR)) {                           \
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(0 !=                                         \
          settings->on_##FOR(parser, FOR##_mark, (LEN)))) {          \
        CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_CB_##FOR);                               \
      }                                                              \
                                                                     \
      /* We either errored above or got paused; get out */           \
      if (CROW_UNLIKELY(CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(parser) != CHPE_OK)) {\
        return (ER);                                                 \
      }                                                              \
    }                                                                \
    FOR##_mark = NULL;                                               \
  }                                                                  \
} while (0)

/* Run the data callback FOR and consume the current byte */
#define CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(FOR)                                      \
    CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_(FOR, p - FOR##_mark, p - data + 1)

/* Run the data callback FOR and don't consume the current byte */
#define CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE(FOR)                            \
    CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_(FOR, p - FOR##_mark, p - data)

/* Set the mark FOR; non-destructive if mark is already set */
#define CROW_MARK(FOR)                                               \
do {                                                                 \
  if (!FOR##_mark) {                                                 \
    FOR##_mark = p;                                                  \
  }                                                                  \
} while (0)

/* Don't allow the total size of the HTTP headers (including the status
 * line) to exceed max_header_size.  This check is here to protect
 * embedders against denial-of-service attacks where the attacker feeds
 * us a never-ending header that the embedder keeps buffering.
 *
 * This check is arguably the responsibility of embedders but we're doing
 * it on the embedder's behalf because most won't bother and this way we
 * make the web a little safer.  max_header_size is still far bigger
 * than any reasonable request or response so this should never affect
 * day-to-day operation.
 */
#define CROW_COUNT_HEADER_SIZE(V)                                    \
do {                                                                 \
  nread += (uint32_t)(V);                                            \
  if (CROW_UNLIKELY(nread > max_header_size)) {                      \
    CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_HEADER_OVERFLOW);                            \
    goto error;                                                      \
  }                                                                  \
} while (0)
#define CROW_REEXECUTE()                                             \
  goto reexecute;                                                    \

#define CROW_PROXY_CONNECTION "proxy-connection"
#define CROW_CONNECTION "connection"
#define CROW_CONTENT_LENGTH "content-length"
#define CROW_TRANSFER_ENCODING "transfer-encoding"
#define CROW_UPGRADE "upgrade"
#define CROW_CHUNKED "chunked"
#define CROW_KEEP_ALIVE "keep-alive"
#define CROW_CLOSE "close"



    enum state
    {
        s_dead = 1 /* important that this is > 0 */

        ,
        s_start_req

        ,
        s_req_method,
        s_req_spaces_before_url,
        s_req_schema,
        s_req_schema_slash,
        s_req_schema_slash_slash,
        s_req_server_start,
        s_req_server,             // }
        s_req_server_with_at,     // |
        s_req_path,               // | The parser recognizes how to switch between these states,
        s_req_query_string_start, // | however it doesn't process them any differently.
        s_req_query_string,       // }
        s_req_http_start,
        s_req_http_H,
        s_req_http_HT,
        s_req_http_HTT,
        s_req_http_HTTP,
        s_req_http_I,
        s_req_http_IC,
        s_req_http_major,
        s_req_http_dot,
        s_req_http_minor,
        s_req_http_end,
        s_req_line_almost_done

        ,
        s_header_field_start,
        s_header_field,
        s_header_value_discard_ws,
        s_header_value_discard_ws_almost_done,
        s_header_value_discard_lws,
        s_header_value_start,
        s_header_value,
        s_header_value_lws

        ,
        s_header_almost_done

        ,
        s_chunk_size_start,
        s_chunk_size,
        s_chunk_parameters,
        s_chunk_size_almost_done

        ,
        s_headers_almost_done,
        s_headers_done

        /* Important: 's_headers_done' must be the last 'header' state. All
         * states beyond this must be 'body' states. It is used for overflow
         * checking. See the CROW_PARSING_HEADER() macro.
         */

        ,
        s_chunk_data,
        s_chunk_data_almost_done,
        s_chunk_data_done

        ,
        s_body_identity,
        s_body_identity_eof

        ,
        s_message_done
    };


#define CROW_PARSING_HEADER(state) (state <= s_headers_done)


enum header_states
  { h_general = 0
  , h_C
  , h_CO
  , h_CON

  , h_matching_connection
  , h_matching_proxy_connection
  , h_matching_content_length
  , h_matching_transfer_encoding
  , h_matching_upgrade

  , h_connection
  , h_content_length
  , h_content_length_num
  , h_content_length_ws
  , h_transfer_encoding
  , h_upgrade

  , h_matching_transfer_encoding_token_start
  , h_matching_transfer_encoding_chunked
  , h_matching_transfer_encoding_token

  , h_matching_connection_keep_alive
  , h_matching_connection_close

  , h_transfer_encoding_chunked
  , h_connection_keep_alive
  , h_connection_close
  };

enum http_host_state
  {
    s_http_host_dead = 1
  , s_http_userinfo_start
  , s_http_userinfo
  , s_http_host_start
  , s_http_host_v6_start
  , s_http_host
  , s_http_host_v6
  , s_http_host_v6_end
  , s_http_host_v6_zone_start
  , s_http_host_v6_zone
  , s_http_host_port_start
  , s_http_host_port
};

/* Macros for character classes; depends on strict-mode  */
#define CROW_LOWER(c)            (unsigned char)(c | 0x20)
#define CROW_IS_ALPHA(c)         (CROW_LOWER(c) >= 'a' && CROW_LOWER(c) <= 'z')
#define CROW_IS_NUM(c)           ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
#define CROW_IS_ALPHANUM(c)      (CROW_IS_ALPHA(c) || CROW_IS_NUM(c))
//#define CROW_IS_HEX(c)           (CROW_IS_NUM(c) || (CROW_LOWER(c) >= 'a' && CROW_LOWER(c) <= 'f'))
#define CROW_IS_MARK(c)          ((c) == '-' || (c) == '_' || (c) == '.' || \
  (c) == '!' || (c) == '~' || (c) == '*' || (c) == '\'' || (c) == '(' ||    \
  (c) == ')')
#define CROW_IS_USERINFO_CHAR(c) (CROW_IS_ALPHANUM(c) || CROW_IS_MARK(c) || (c) == '%' || \
  (c) == ';' || (c) == ':' || (c) == '&' || (c) == '=' || (c) == '+' ||                   \
  (c) == '$' || (c) == ',')

#define CROW_TOKEN(c)            (tokens[(unsigned char)c])
#define CROW_IS_URL_CHAR(c)      (CROW_BIT_AT(normal_url_char, (unsigned char)c))
//#define CROW_IS_HOST_CHAR(c)     (CROW_IS_ALPHANUM(c) || (c) == '.' || (c) == '-')

  /**
 * Verify that a char is a valid visible (printable) US-ASCII
 * character or %x80-FF
 **/
#define CROW_IS_HEADER_CHAR(ch)                                                     \
  (ch == cr || ch == lf || ch == 9 || ((unsigned char)ch > 31 && ch != 127))

#define CROW_start_state s_start_req

# define CROW_STRICT_CHECK(cond)                                     \
do {                                                                 \
  if (cond) {                                                        \
    CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_STRICT);                                     \
    goto error;                                                      \
  }                                                                  \
} while (0)
#define CROW_NEW_MESSAGE() (CROW_start_state)

/* Our URL parser.
 *
 * This is designed to be shared by http_parser_execute() for URL validation,
 * hence it has a state transition + byte-for-byte interface. In addition, it
 * is meant to be embedded in http_parser_parse_url(), which does the dirty
 * work of turning state transitions URL components for its API.
 *
 * This function should only be invoked with non-space characters. It is
 * assumed that the caller cares about (and can detect) the transition between
 * URL and non-URL states by looking for these.
 */
inline enum state
parse_url_char(enum state s, const char ch, http_parser *parser, const char* url_mark, const char* p)
{
# define CROW_T(v) 0


static const uint8_t normal_url_char[32] = {
/*   0 nul    1 soh    2 stx    3 etx    4 eot    5 enq    6 ack    7 bel  */
        0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0,
/*   8 bs     9 ht    10 nl    11 vt    12 np    13 cr    14 so    15 si   */
        0    |CROW_T(2)|  0    |   0    |CROW_T(16)| 0    |   0    |   0,
/*  16 dle   17 dc1   18 dc2   19 dc3   20 dc4   21 nak   22 syn   23 etb */
        0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0,
/*  24 can   25 em    26 sub   27 esc   28 fs    29 gs    30 rs    31 us  */
        0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0    |   0,
/*  32 sp    33  !    34  "    35  #    36  $    37  %    38  &    39  '  */
        0    |   2    |   4    |   0    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/*  40  (    41  )    42  *    43  +    44  ,    45  -    46  .    47  /  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/*  48  0    49  1    50  2    51  3    52  4    53  5    54  6    55  7  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/*  56  8    57  9    58  :    59  ;    60  <    61  =    62  >    63  ?  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |   0,
/*  64  @    65  A    66  B    67  C    68  D    69  E    70  F    71  G  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/*  72  H    73  I    74  J    75  K    76  L    77  M    78  N    79  O  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/*  80  P    81  Q    82  R    83  S    84  CROW_T    85  U    86  V    87  W  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/*  88  X    89  Y    90  Z    91  [    92  \    93  ]    94  ^    95  _  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/*  96  `    97  a    98  b    99  c   100  d   101  e   102  f   103  g  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/* 104  h   105  i   106  j   107  k   108  l   109  m   110  n   111  o  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/* 112  p   113  q   114  r   115  s   116  t   117  u   118  v   119  w  */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |  128,
/* 120  x   121  y   122  z   123  {   124  |   125  }   126  ~   127 del */
        1    |   2    |   4    |   8    |   16   |   32   |   64   |   0, };

#undef CROW_T

  if (ch == ' ' || ch == '\r' || ch == '\n') {
    return s_dead;
  }
  if (ch == '\t' || ch == '\f') {
    return s_dead;
  }

  switch (s) {
    case s_req_spaces_before_url:
      /* Proxied requests are followed by scheme of an absolute URI (alpha).
       * All methods except CONNECT are followed by '/' or '*'.
       */

      if (ch == '/' || ch == '*') {
        return s_req_path;
      }

      if (CROW_IS_ALPHA(ch)) {
        return s_req_schema;
      }

      break;

    case s_req_schema:
      if (CROW_IS_ALPHA(ch)) {
        return s;
      }

      if (ch == ':') {
        return s_req_schema_slash;
      }

      break;

    case s_req_schema_slash:
      if (ch == '/') {
        return s_req_schema_slash_slash;
      }

      break;

    case s_req_schema_slash_slash:
      if (ch == '/') {
        return s_req_server_start;
      }

      break;

    case s_req_server_with_at:
      if (ch == '@') {
        return s_dead;
      }

    /* fall through */
    case s_req_server_start:
    case s_req_server:
      if (ch == '/') {
        return s_req_path;
      }

      if (ch == '?') {
          parser->qs_point = p - url_mark;
        return s_req_query_string_start;
      }

      if (ch == '@') {
        return s_req_server_with_at;
      }

      if (CROW_IS_USERINFO_CHAR(ch) || ch == '[' || ch == ']') {
        return s_req_server;
      }

      break;

    case s_req_path:
      if (CROW_IS_URL_CHAR(ch)) {
        return s;
      }
      else if (ch == '?')
      {
          parser->qs_point = p - url_mark;
          return s_req_query_string_start;
      }

      break;

    case s_req_query_string_start:
    case s_req_query_string:
      if (CROW_IS_URL_CHAR(ch)) {
        return s_req_query_string;
      }
      else if (ch == '?')
      {
          return s_req_query_string;
      }

      break;

    default:
      break;
  }

  /* We should never fall out of the switch above unless there's an error */
  return s_dead;
}

inline size_t http_parser_execute (http_parser *parser,
                            const http_parser_settings *settings,
                            const char *data,
                            size_t len)
{

/* Tokens as defined by rfc 2616. Also lowercases them.
 *        token       = 1*<any CHAR except CTLs or separators>
 *     separators     = "(" | ")" | "<" | ">" | "@"
 *                    | "," | ";" | ":" | "\" | <">
 *                    | "/" | "[" | "]" | "?" | "="
 *                    | "{" | "}" | SP  | HT
 */
static const char tokens[256] = {
/*   0 nul    1 soh    2 stx    3 etx    4 eot    5 enq    6 ack    7 bel  */
        0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,
/*   8 bs     9 ht    10 nl    11 vt    12 np    13 cr    14 so    15 si   */
        0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,
/*  16 dle   17 dc1   18 dc2   19 dc3   20 dc4   21 nak   22 syn   23 etb */
        0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,
/*  24 can   25 em    26 sub   27 esc   28 fs    29 gs    30 rs    31 us  */
        0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,
/*  32 sp    33  !    34  "    35  #    36  $    37  %    38  &    39  '  */
        0,      '!',      0,      '#',     '$',     '%',     '&',    '\'',
/*  40  (    41  )    42  *    43  +    44  ,    45  -    46  .    47  /  */
        0,       0,      '*',     '+',      0,      '-',     '.',      0,
/*  48  0    49  1    50  2    51  3    52  4    53  5    54  6    55  7  */
       '0',     '1',     '2',     '3',     '4',     '5',     '6',     '7',
/*  56  8    57  9    58  :    59  ;    60  <    61  =    62  >    63  ?  */
       '8',     '9',      0,       0,       0,       0,       0,       0,
/*  64  @    65  A    66  B    67  C    68  D    69  E    70  F    71  G  */
        0,      'a',     'b',     'c',     'd',     'e',     'f',     'g',
/*  72  H    73  I    74  J    75  K    76  L    77  M    78  N    79  O  */
       'h',     'i',     'j',     'k',     'l',     'm',     'n',     'o',
/*  80  P    81  Q    82  R    83  S    84  T    85  U    86  V    87  W  */
       'p',     'q',     'r',     's',     't',     'u',     'v',     'w',
/*  88  X    89  Y    90  Z    91  [    92  \    93  ]    94  ^    95  _  */
       'x',     'y',     'z',      0,       0,       0,      '^',     '_',
/*  96  `    97  a    98  b    99  c   100  d   101  e   102  f   103  g  */
       '`',     'a',     'b',     'c',     'd',     'e',     'f',     'g',
/* 104  h   105  i   106  j   107  k   108  l   109  m   110  n   111  o  */
       'h',     'i',     'j',     'k',     'l',     'm',     'n',     'o',
/* 112  p   113  q   114  r   115  s   116  t   117  u   118  v   119  w  */
       'p',     'q',     'r',     's',     't',     'u',     'v',     'w',
/* 120  x   121  y   122  z   123  {   124  |   125  }   126  ~   127 del */
       'x',     'y',     'z',      0,      '|',      0,      '~',       0 };


static const int8_t unhex[256] =
  {-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  ,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  ,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  , 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  ,-1,10,11,12,13,14,15,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  ,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  ,-1,10,11,12,13,14,15,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  ,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
  };



  char c, ch;
  int8_t unhex_val;
  const char *p = data;
  const char *header_field_mark = 0;
  const char *header_value_mark = 0;
  const char *url_mark = 0;
  const char *url_start_mark = 0;
  const char *body_mark = 0;
  const unsigned int lenient = parser->lenient_http_headers;
  const unsigned int allow_chunked_length = parser->allow_chunked_length;

  uint32_t nread = parser->nread;

  /* We're in an error state. Don't bother doing anything. */
  if (CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(parser) != CHPE_OK) {
    return 0;
  }

  if (len == 0) {
    switch (parser->state) {
      case s_body_identity_eof:
        /* Use of CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY() here would erroneously return 1 byte read if we got paused. */
        CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_NOADVANCE(message_complete);
        return 0;

      case s_dead:
      case s_start_req:
        return 0;

      default:
        CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_EOF_STATE);
        return 1;
    }
  }


  if (parser->state == s_header_field)
    header_field_mark = data;
  if (parser->state == s_header_value)
    header_value_mark = data;
  switch (parser->state) {
  case s_req_path:
  case s_req_schema:
  case s_req_schema_slash:
  case s_req_schema_slash_slash:
  case s_req_server_start:
  case s_req_server:
  case s_req_server_with_at:
  case s_req_query_string_start:
  case s_req_query_string:
    url_mark = data;
    break;
  default:
    break;
  }

  for (p=data; p != data + len; p++) {
    ch = *p;

    if (CROW_PARSING_HEADER(parser->state))
      CROW_COUNT_HEADER_SIZE(1);

reexecute:
    switch (parser->state) {

      case s_dead:
        /* this state is used after a 'Connection: close' message
         * the parser will error out if it reads another message
         */
        if (CROW_LIKELY(ch == cr || ch == lf))
          break;

        CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_CLOSED_CONNECTION);
        goto error;

      case s_start_req:
      {
        if (ch == cr || ch == lf)
          break;
        parser->flags = 0;
        parser->uses_transfer_encoding = 0;
        parser->content_length = CROW_ULLONG_MAX;

        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!CROW_IS_ALPHA(ch))) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_METHOD);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->method = 0;
        parser->index = 1;
        switch (ch) {
          case 'A': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Acl;                                                              break;
          case 'B': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Bind;                                                             break;
          case 'C': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Connect;   /* or COPY, CHECKOUT */                                break;
          case 'D': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Delete;                                                           break;
          case 'G': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Get;                                                              break;
          case 'H': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Head;                                                             break;
          case 'L': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Lock;      /* or LINK */                                          break;
          case 'M': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::MkCol;     /* or MOVE, MKACTIVITY, MERGE, M-SEARCH, MKCALENDAR */ break;
          case 'N': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Notify;                                                           break;
          case 'O': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Options;                                                          break;
          case 'P': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Post;      /* or PROPFIND|PROPPATCH|PUT|PATCH|PURGE */            break;
          case 'R': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Report;    /* or REBIND */                                        break;
          case 'S': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Subscribe; /* or SEARCH, SOURCE */                                break;
          case 'T': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Trace;                                                            break;
          case 'U': parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Unlock;    /* or UNSUBSCRIBE, UNBIND, UNLINK */                   break;
          default:
            CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_METHOD);
            goto error;
        }
        parser->state = s_req_method;

        CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(message_begin);

        break;
      }

      case s_req_method:
      {
        const char *matcher;
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(ch == '\0')) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_METHOD);
          goto error;
        }

        matcher = method_strings[parser->method];
        if (ch == ' ' && matcher[parser->index] == '\0') {
          parser->state = s_req_spaces_before_url;
        } else if (ch == matcher[parser->index]) {
          ; /* nada */
        } else if ((ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') || ch == '-') {

          switch (parser->method << 16 | parser->index << 8 | ch) {
#define CROW_XX(meth, pos, ch, new_meth) \
            case ((unsigned)HTTPMethod::meth << 16 | pos << 8 | ch): \
              parser->method = (unsigned)HTTPMethod::new_meth; break;

            CROW_XX(Post,      1, 'U', Put)
            CROW_XX(Post,      1, 'A', Patch)
            CROW_XX(Post,      1, 'R', Propfind)
            CROW_XX(Put,       2, 'R', Purge)
            CROW_XX(Connect,   1, 'H', Checkout)
            CROW_XX(Connect,   2, 'P', Copy)
            CROW_XX(MkCol,     1, 'O', Move)
            CROW_XX(MkCol,     1, 'E', Merge)
            CROW_XX(MkCol,     1, '-', MSearch)
            CROW_XX(MkCol,     2, 'A', MkActivity)
            CROW_XX(MkCol,     3, 'A', MkCalendar)
            CROW_XX(Subscribe, 1, 'E', Search)
            CROW_XX(Subscribe, 1, 'O', Source)
            CROW_XX(Report,    2, 'B', Rebind)
            CROW_XX(Propfind,  4, 'P', Proppatch)
            CROW_XX(Lock,      1, 'I', Link)
            CROW_XX(Unlock,    2, 'S', Unsubscribe)
            CROW_XX(Unlock,    2, 'B', Unbind)
            CROW_XX(Unlock,    3, 'I', Unlink)
#undef CROW_XX
            default:
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_METHOD);
              goto error;
          }
        } else {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_METHOD);
          goto error;
        }

        CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_NOADVANCE(method);

        ++parser->index;
        break;
      }

      case s_req_spaces_before_url:
      {
        if (ch == ' ') break;

        CROW_MARK(url);
        CROW_MARK(url_start);
        if (parser->method == (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Connect) {
          parser->state = s_req_server_start;
        }

        parser->state = parse_url_char(static_cast<state>(parser->state), ch, parser, url_start_mark, p);
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(parser->state == s_dead)) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_URL);
          goto error;
        }

        break;
      }

      case s_req_schema:
      case s_req_schema_slash:
      case s_req_schema_slash_slash:
      case s_req_server_start:
      {
        switch (ch) {
          /* No whitespace allowed here */
          case ' ':
          case cr:
          case lf:
            CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_URL);
            goto error;
          default:
            parser->state = parse_url_char(static_cast<state>(parser->state), ch, parser, url_start_mark, p);
            if (CROW_UNLIKELY(parser->state == s_dead)) {
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_URL);
              goto error;
            }
        }

        break;
      }

      case s_req_server:
      case s_req_server_with_at:
      case s_req_path:
      case s_req_query_string_start:
      case s_req_query_string:
      {
        switch (ch) {
          case ' ':
            parser->state = s_req_http_start;
            CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(url);
            break;
          case cr: // No space after URL means no HTTP version. Which means the request is using HTTP/0.9
          case lf:
            if (CROW_UNLIKELY(parser->method != (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Get)) // HTTP/0.9 doesn't define any method other than GET
            {
              parser->state = s_dead;
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_VERSION);
              goto error;
            }
            parser->http_major = 0;
            parser->http_minor = 9;
            parser->state = (ch == cr) ?
              s_req_line_almost_done :
              s_header_field_start;
            CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(url);
            break;
          default:
            parser->state = parse_url_char(static_cast<state>(parser->state), ch, parser, url_start_mark, p);
            if (CROW_UNLIKELY(parser->state == s_dead)) {
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_URL);
              goto error;
            }
        }
        break;
      }

      case s_req_http_start:
        switch (ch) {
          case ' ':
            break;
          case 'H':
            parser->state = s_req_http_H;
            break;
          case 'I':
            if (parser->method == (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Source) {
              parser->state = s_req_http_I;
              break;
            }
            /* fall through */
          default:
            CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CONSTANT);
            goto error;
        }
        break;

      case s_req_http_H:
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != 'T');
        parser->state = s_req_http_HT;
        break;

      case s_req_http_HT:
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != 'T');
        parser->state = s_req_http_HTT;
        break;

      case s_req_http_HTT:
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != 'P');
        parser->state = s_req_http_HTTP;
        break;

      case s_req_http_I:
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != 'C');
        parser->state = s_req_http_IC;
        break;

      case s_req_http_IC:
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != 'E');
        parser->state = s_req_http_HTTP;  /* Treat "ICE" as "HTTP". */
        break;

      case s_req_http_HTTP:
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != '/');
        parser->state = s_req_http_major;
        break;

      /* dot */
      case s_req_http_major:
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!CROW_IS_NUM(ch))) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_VERSION);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->http_major = ch - '0';
        parser->state = s_req_http_dot;
        break;

      case s_req_http_dot:
      {
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(ch != '.')) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_VERSION);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->state = s_req_http_minor;
        break;
      }

      /* minor HTTP version */
      case s_req_http_minor:
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!CROW_IS_NUM(ch))) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_VERSION);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->http_minor = ch - '0';
        parser->state = s_req_http_end;
        break;

      /* end of request line */
      case s_req_http_end:
      {
        if (ch == cr) {
          parser->state = s_req_line_almost_done;
          break;
        }

        if (ch == lf) {
          parser->state = s_header_field_start;
          break;
        }

        CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_VERSION);
        goto error;
        break;
      }

      /* end of request line */
      case s_req_line_almost_done:
      {
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(ch != lf)) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_LF_EXPECTED);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->state = s_header_field_start;
        break;
      }

      case s_header_field_start:
      {
        if (ch == cr) {
          parser->state = s_headers_almost_done;
          break;
        }

        if (ch == lf) {
          /* they might be just sending \n instead of \r\n so this would be
           * the second \n to denote the end of headers*/
          parser->state = s_headers_almost_done;
          CROW_REEXECUTE();
        }

        c = CROW_TOKEN(ch);

        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!c)) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_HEADER_TOKEN);
          goto error;
        }

        CROW_MARK(header_field);

        parser->index = 0;
        parser->state = s_header_field;

        switch (c) {
          case 'c':
            parser->header_state = h_C;
            break;

          case 'p':
            parser->header_state = h_matching_proxy_connection;
            break;

          case 't':
            parser->header_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding;
            break;

          case 'u':
            parser->header_state = h_matching_upgrade;
            break;

          default:
            parser->header_state = h_general;
            break;
        }
        break;
      }

      case s_header_field:
      {
        const char* start = p;
        for (; p != data + len; p++) {
          ch = *p;
          c = CROW_TOKEN(ch);

          if (!c)
            break;

          switch (parser->header_state) {
            case h_general: {
              size_t left = data + len - p;
              const char* pe = p + CROW_MIN(left, max_header_size);
              while (p+1 < pe && CROW_TOKEN(p[1])) {
                p++;
              }
              break;
            }

            case h_C:
              parser->index++;
              parser->header_state = (c == 'o' ? h_CO : h_general);
              break;

            case h_CO:
              parser->index++;
              parser->header_state = (c == 'n' ? h_CON : h_general);
              break;

            case h_CON:
              parser->index++;
              switch (c) {
                case 'n':
                  parser->header_state = h_matching_connection;
                  break;
                case 't':
                  parser->header_state = h_matching_content_length;
                  break;
                default:
                  parser->header_state = h_general;
                  break;
              }
              break;

            /* connection */

            case h_matching_connection:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_CONNECTION)-1 || c != CROW_CONNECTION[parser->index]) {
                parser->header_state = h_general;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_CONNECTION)-2) {
                parser->header_state = h_connection;
              }
              break;

            /* proxy-connection */

            case h_matching_proxy_connection:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_PROXY_CONNECTION)-1 || c != CROW_PROXY_CONNECTION[parser->index]) {
                parser->header_state = h_general;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_PROXY_CONNECTION)-2) {
                parser->header_state = h_connection;
              }
              break;

            /* content-length */

            case h_matching_content_length:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_CONTENT_LENGTH)-1 || c != CROW_CONTENT_LENGTH[parser->index]) {
                parser->header_state = h_general;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_CONTENT_LENGTH)-2) {
                parser->header_state = h_content_length;
              }
              break;

            /* transfer-encoding */

            case h_matching_transfer_encoding:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_TRANSFER_ENCODING)-1 || c != CROW_TRANSFER_ENCODING[parser->index]) {
                parser->header_state = h_general;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_TRANSFER_ENCODING)-2) {
                parser->header_state = h_transfer_encoding;
                parser->uses_transfer_encoding = 1;
              }
              break;

            /* upgrade */

            case h_matching_upgrade:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_UPGRADE)-1 || c != CROW_UPGRADE[parser->index]) {
                parser->header_state = h_general;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_UPGRADE)-2) {
                parser->header_state = h_upgrade;
              }
              break;

            case h_connection:
            case h_content_length:
            case h_transfer_encoding:
            case h_upgrade:
              if (ch != ' ') parser->header_state = h_general;
              break;

            default:
              assert(0 && "Unknown header_state");
              break;
          }
        }

        if (p == data + len) {
          --p;
          CROW_COUNT_HEADER_SIZE(p - start);
          break;
        }

        CROW_COUNT_HEADER_SIZE(p - start);

        if (ch == ':') {
          parser->state = s_header_value_discard_ws;
          CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(header_field);
          break;
        }
/* RFC-7230 Sec 3.2.4 expressly forbids line-folding in header field-names.
        if (ch == cr) {
          parser->state = s_header_almost_done;
          CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(header_field);
          break;
        }

        if (ch == lf) {
          parser->state = s_header_field_start;
          CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(header_field);
          break;
        }
*/
        CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_HEADER_TOKEN);
        goto error;
      }

      case s_header_value_discard_ws:
        if (ch == ' ' || ch == '\t') break;

        if (ch == cr) {
          parser->state = s_header_value_discard_ws_almost_done;
          break;
        }

        if (ch == lf) {
          parser->state = s_header_value_discard_lws;
          break;
        }

        /* fall through */

      case s_header_value_start:
      {
        CROW_MARK(header_value);

        parser->state = s_header_value;
        parser->index = 0;

        c = CROW_LOWER(ch);

        switch (parser->header_state) {
          case h_upgrade:
            // Crow does not support HTTP/2 at the moment.
            // According to the RFC https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7540#section-3.2
            // "A server that does not support HTTP/2 can respond to the request as though the Upgrade header field were absent"
            // => `F_UPGRADE` is not set if the header starts by "h2".
            // This prevents the parser from skipping the request body.
            if (ch != 'h' || p+1 == (data + len) || *(p+1) != '2') {
              parser->flags |= F_UPGRADE;
            }
            parser->header_state = h_general;
            break;

          case h_transfer_encoding:
            /* looking for 'Transfer-Encoding: chunked' */
            if ('c' == c) {
              parser->header_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding_chunked;
            } else {
              parser->header_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding_token;
            }
            break;

          /* Multi-value `Transfer-Encoding` header */
          case h_matching_transfer_encoding_token_start:
            break;

          case h_content_length:
            if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!CROW_IS_NUM(ch))) {
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH);
              goto error;
            }

            if (parser->flags & F_CONTENTLENGTH) {
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_UNEXPECTED_CONTENT_LENGTH);
              goto error;
            }
            parser->flags |= F_CONTENTLENGTH;
            parser->content_length = ch - '0';
            parser->header_state = h_content_length_num;
            break;

          /* when obsolete line folding is encountered for content length
           * continue to the s_header_value state */
          case h_content_length_ws:
            break;

          case h_connection:
            /* looking for 'Connection: keep-alive' */
            if (c == 'k') {
              parser->header_state = h_matching_connection_keep_alive;
            /* looking for 'Connection: close' */
            } else if (c == 'c') {
              parser->header_state = h_matching_connection_close;
            } else if (c == ' ' || c == '\t') {
              /* Skip lws */
            } else {
              parser->header_state = h_general;
            }
            break;

          default:
            parser->header_state = h_general;
            break;
        }
        break;
      }

      case s_header_value:
      {
        const char* start = p;
        enum header_states h_state = static_cast<header_states>(parser->header_state);
        for (; p != data + len; p++) {
          ch = *p;

          if (ch == cr) {
            parser->state = s_header_almost_done;
            parser->header_state = h_state;
            CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(header_value);
            break;
          }

          if (ch == lf) {
            parser->state = s_header_almost_done;
            CROW_COUNT_HEADER_SIZE(p - start);
            parser->header_state = h_state;
            CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE(header_value);
            CROW_REEXECUTE();
          }

          if (!lenient && !CROW_IS_HEADER_CHAR(ch)) {
            CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_HEADER_TOKEN);
            goto error;
          }

          c = CROW_LOWER(ch);

          switch (h_state) {
            case h_general:
              {
                size_t left = data + len - p;
                const char* pe = p + CROW_MIN(left, max_header_size);

                for (; p != pe; p++) {
                  ch = *p;
                  if (ch == cr || ch == lf) {
                    --p;
                    break;
                  }
                  if (!lenient && !CROW_IS_HEADER_CHAR(ch)) {
                    CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_HEADER_TOKEN);
                    goto error;
                  }
                }
                if (p == data + len)
                  --p;
                break;
              }

            case h_connection:
            case h_transfer_encoding:
              assert(0 && "Shouldn't get here.");
              break;

            case h_content_length:
              if (ch == ' ') break;
              h_state = h_content_length_num;
              /* fall through */

            case h_content_length_num:
            {
              uint64_t t;

              if (ch == ' ') {
                h_state = h_content_length_ws;
                break;
              }

              if (CROW_UNLIKELY(!CROW_IS_NUM(ch))) {
                CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH);
                parser->header_state = h_state;
                goto error;
              }

              t = parser->content_length;
              t *= 10;
              t += ch - '0';

              /* Overflow? Test against a conservative limit for simplicity. */
              if (CROW_UNLIKELY((CROW_ULLONG_MAX - 10) / 10 < parser->content_length)) {
                CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH);
                parser->header_state = h_state;
                goto error;
              }

              parser->content_length = t;
              break;
            }

            case h_content_length_ws:
              if (ch == ' ') break;
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH);
              parser->header_state = h_state;
              goto error;

            /* Transfer-Encoding: chunked */
            case h_matching_transfer_encoding_token_start:
              /* looking for 'Transfer-Encoding: chunked' */
              if ('c' == c) {
                h_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding_chunked;
              } else if (CROW_TOKEN(c)) {
                /* TODO(indutny): similar code below does this, but why?
                 * At the very least it seems to be inconsistent given that
                 * h_matching_transfer_encoding_token does not check for
                 * `STRICT_TOKEN`
                 */
                h_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding_token;
              } else if (c == ' ' || c == '\t') {
                /* Skip lws */
              } else {
                h_state = h_general;
              }
              break;

            case h_matching_transfer_encoding_chunked:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_CHUNKED)-1 || c != CROW_CHUNKED[parser->index]) {
                h_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding_token;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_CHUNKED)-2) {
                h_state = h_transfer_encoding_chunked;
              }
              break;

            case h_matching_transfer_encoding_token:
              if (ch == ',') {
                h_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding_token_start;
                parser->index = 0;
              }
              break;

            /* looking for 'Connection: keep-alive' */
            case h_matching_connection_keep_alive:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_KEEP_ALIVE)-1 || c != CROW_KEEP_ALIVE[parser->index]) {
                h_state = h_general;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_KEEP_ALIVE)-2) {
                h_state = h_connection_keep_alive;
              }
              break;

            /* looking for 'Connection: close' */
            case h_matching_connection_close:
              parser->index++;
              if (parser->index > sizeof(CROW_CLOSE)-1 || c != CROW_CLOSE[parser->index]) {
                h_state = h_general;
              } else if (parser->index == sizeof(CROW_CLOSE)-2) {
                h_state = h_connection_close;
              }
              break;

              // Edited from original (because of commits that werent included)
            case h_transfer_encoding_chunked:
              if (ch != ' ') h_state = h_matching_transfer_encoding_token;
              break;
            case h_connection_keep_alive:
            case h_connection_close:
              if (ch != ' ') h_state = h_general;
              break;

            default:
              parser->state = s_header_value;
              h_state = h_general;
              break;
          }
        }
        parser->header_state = h_state;


        if (p == data + len)
          --p;

        CROW_COUNT_HEADER_SIZE(p - start);
        break;
      }

      case s_header_almost_done:
      {
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(ch != lf)) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_LF_EXPECTED);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->state = s_header_value_lws;
        break;
      }

      case s_header_value_lws:
      {
        if (ch == ' ' || ch == '\t') {
          if (parser->header_state == h_content_length_num) {
              /* treat obsolete line folding as space */
              parser->header_state = h_content_length_ws;
          }
          parser->state = s_header_value_start;
          CROW_REEXECUTE();
        }

        /* finished the header */
        switch (parser->header_state) {
          case h_connection_keep_alive:
            parser->flags |= F_CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE;
            break;
          case h_connection_close:
            parser->flags |= F_CONNECTION_CLOSE;
            break;
          case h_transfer_encoding_chunked:
            parser->flags |= F_CHUNKED;
            break;
          default:
            break;
        }

        parser->state = s_header_field_start;
        CROW_REEXECUTE();
      }

      case s_header_value_discard_ws_almost_done:
      {
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != lf);
        parser->state = s_header_value_discard_lws;
        break;
      }

      case s_header_value_discard_lws:
      {
        if (ch == ' ' || ch == '\t') {
          parser->state = s_header_value_discard_ws;
          break;
        } else {
          /* header value was empty */
          CROW_MARK(header_value);
          parser->state = s_header_field_start;
          CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE(header_value);
          CROW_REEXECUTE();
        }
      }

      case s_headers_almost_done:
      {
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != lf);

        if (parser->flags & F_TRAILING) {
          /* End of a chunked request */
          CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(message_complete);
          break;
        }

        /* Cannot use transfer-encoding and a content-length header together
           per the HTTP specification. (RFC 7230 Section 3.3.3) */
        if ((parser->uses_transfer_encoding == 1) &&
            (parser->flags & F_CONTENTLENGTH)) {
          /* Allow it for lenient parsing as long as `Transfer-Encoding` is
           * not `chunked` or allow_length_with_encoding is set
           */
          if (parser->flags & F_CHUNKED) {
            if (!allow_chunked_length) {
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_UNEXPECTED_CONTENT_LENGTH);
              goto error;
            }
          } else if (!lenient) {
            CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_UNEXPECTED_CONTENT_LENGTH);
            goto error;
          }
        }

        parser->state = s_headers_done;

        /* Set this here so that on_headers_complete() callbacks can see it */
        parser->upgrade =
          (parser->flags & F_UPGRADE || parser->method == (unsigned)HTTPMethod::Connect);

        /* Here we call the headers_complete callback. This is somewhat
         * different than other callbacks because if the user returns 1, we
         * will interpret that as saying that this message has no body. This
         * is needed for the annoying case of recieving a response to a HEAD
         * request.
         *
         * We'd like to use CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_NOADVANCE() here but we cannot, so
         * we have to simulate it by handling a change in errno below.
         */
        if (settings->on_headers_complete) {
          switch (settings->on_headers_complete(parser)) {
            case 0:
              break;

            case 2:
              parser->upgrade = 1;
              //break;

            /* fall through */
            case 1:
              parser->flags |= F_SKIPBODY;
              break;

            default:
              CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_CB_headers_complete);
              parser->nread = nread;
              return p - data; /* Error */
          }
        }

        if (CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(parser) != CHPE_OK) {
          parser->nread = nread;
          return p - data;
        }

        CROW_REEXECUTE();
      }

      case s_headers_done:
      {
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != lf);

        parser->nread = 0;
        nread = 0;

        /* Exit, the rest of the connect is in a different protocol. */
        if (parser->upgrade) {
          CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(message_complete);
          parser->nread = nread;
          return (p - data) + 1;
        }

        if (parser->flags & F_SKIPBODY) {
          CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(message_complete);
        } else if (parser->flags & F_CHUNKED) {
          /* chunked encoding - ignore Content-Length header,
           * prepare for a chunk */
            parser->state = s_chunk_size_start;
        }
        else if (parser->uses_transfer_encoding == 1)
        {
            if (!lenient)
            {
                /* RFC 7230 3.3.3 */

                /* If a Transfer-Encoding header field
             * is present in a request and the chunked transfer coding is not
             * the final encoding, the message body length cannot be determined
             * reliably; the server MUST respond with the 400 (Bad Request)
             * status code and then close the connection.
             */
                CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_TRANSFER_ENCODING);
                parser->nread = nread;
                return (p - data); /* Error */
            }
            else
            {
                /* RFC 7230 3.3.3 */

                /* If a Transfer-Encoding header field is present in a response and
             * the chunked transfer coding is not the final encoding, the
             * message body length is determined by reading the connection until
             * it is closed by the server.
             */
                parser->state = s_body_identity_eof;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if (parser->content_length == 0)
            {
                /* Content-Length header given but zero: Content-Length: 0\r\n */
                CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(message_complete);
            }
            else if (parser->content_length != CROW_ULLONG_MAX)
            {
                /* Content-Length header given and non-zero */
                parser->state = s_body_identity;
            }
            else
            {
                /* Assume content-length 0 - read the next */
                CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(message_complete);
            }
        }

        break;
      }

      case s_body_identity:
      {
        uint64_t to_read = CROW_MIN(parser->content_length,
                               (uint64_t) ((data + len) - p));

        assert(parser->content_length != 0
            && parser->content_length != CROW_ULLONG_MAX);

        /* The difference between advancing content_length and p is because
         * the latter will automaticaly advance on the next loop iteration.
         * Further, if content_length ends up at 0, we want to see the last
         * byte again for our message complete callback.
         */
        CROW_MARK(body);
        parser->content_length -= to_read;
        p += to_read - 1;

        if (parser->content_length == 0) {
          parser->state = s_message_done;

          /* Mimic CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE() but with one extra byte.
           *
           * The alternative to doing this is to wait for the next byte to
           * trigger the data callback, just as in every other case. The
           * problem with this is that this makes it difficult for the test
           * harness to distinguish between complete-on-EOF and
           * complete-on-length. It's not clear that this distinction is
           * important for applications, but let's keep it for now.
           */
          CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_(body, p - body_mark + 1, p - data);
          CROW_REEXECUTE();
        }

        break;
      }

      /* read until EOF */
      case s_body_identity_eof:
        CROW_MARK(body);
        p = data + len - 1;

        break;

      case s_message_done:
        CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY(message_complete);
        break;

      case s_chunk_size_start:
      {
        assert(nread == 1);
        assert(parser->flags & F_CHUNKED);

        unhex_val = unhex[static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)];
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY(unhex_val == -1)) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CHUNK_SIZE);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->content_length = unhex_val;
        parser->state = s_chunk_size;
        break;
      }

      case s_chunk_size:
      {
        uint64_t t;

        assert(parser->flags & F_CHUNKED);

        if (ch == cr) {
          parser->state = s_chunk_size_almost_done;
          break;
        }

        unhex_val = unhex[static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)];

        if (unhex_val == -1) {
          if (ch == ';' || ch == ' ') {
            parser->state = s_chunk_parameters;
            break;
          }

          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CHUNK_SIZE);
          goto error;
        }

        t = parser->content_length;
        t *= 16;
        t += unhex_val;

        /* Overflow? Test against a conservative limit for simplicity. */
        if (CROW_UNLIKELY((CROW_ULLONG_MAX - 16) / 16 < parser->content_length)) {
          CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH);
          goto error;
        }

        parser->content_length = t;
        break;
      }

      case s_chunk_parameters:
      {
        assert(parser->flags & F_CHUNKED);
        /* just ignore this shit. TODO check for overflow */
        if (ch == cr) {
          parser->state = s_chunk_size_almost_done;
          break;
        }
        break;
      }

      case s_chunk_size_almost_done:
      {
        assert(parser->flags & F_CHUNKED);
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != lf);

        parser->nread = 0;
        nread = 0;

        if (parser->content_length == 0) {
          parser->flags |= F_TRAILING;
          parser->state = s_header_field_start;
        } else {
          parser->state = s_chunk_data;
        }
        break;
      }

      case s_chunk_data:
      {
        uint64_t to_read = CROW_MIN(parser->content_length,
                               (uint64_t) ((data + len) - p));

        assert(parser->flags & F_CHUNKED);
        assert(parser->content_length != 0
            && parser->content_length != CROW_ULLONG_MAX);

        /* See the explanation in s_body_identity for why the content
         * length and data pointers are managed this way.
         */
        CROW_MARK(body);
        parser->content_length -= to_read;
        p += to_read - 1;

        if (parser->content_length == 0) {
          parser->state = s_chunk_data_almost_done;
        }

        break;
      }

      case s_chunk_data_almost_done:
        assert(parser->flags & F_CHUNKED);
        assert(parser->content_length == 0);
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != cr);
        parser->state = s_chunk_data_done;
        CROW_CALLBACK_DATA(body);
        break;

      case s_chunk_data_done:
        assert(parser->flags & F_CHUNKED);
        CROW_STRICT_CHECK(ch != lf);
        parser->nread = 0;
        nread = 0;
        parser->state = s_chunk_size_start;
        break;

      default:
        assert(0 && "unhandled state");
        CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_INVALID_INTERNAL_STATE);
        goto error;
    }
  }

  /* Run callbacks for any marks that we have leftover after we ran out of
   * bytes. There should be at most one of these set, so it's OK to invoke
   * them in series (unset marks will not result in callbacks).
   *
   * We use the NOADVANCE() variety of callbacks here because 'p' has already
   * overflowed 'data' and this allows us to correct for the off-by-one that
   * we'd otherwise have (since CROW_CALLBACK_DATA() is meant to be run with a 'p'
   * value that's in-bounds).
   */

  assert(((header_field_mark ? 1 : 0) +
          (header_value_mark ? 1 : 0) +
          (url_mark ? 1 : 0)  +
          (body_mark ? 1 : 0)) <= 1);

  CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE(header_field);
  CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE(header_value);
  CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE(url);
  CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE(body);

  parser->nread = nread;
  return len;

error:
  if (CROW_HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(parser) == CHPE_OK) {
    CROW_SET_ERRNO(CHPE_UNKNOWN);
  }

  parser->nread = nread;
  return (p - data);
}

inline void
  http_parser_init(http_parser* parser)
{
  void *data = parser->data; /* preserve application data */
  memset(parser, 0, sizeof(*parser));
  parser->data = data;
  parser->state = s_start_req;
  parser->http_errno = CHPE_OK;
}

/* Return a string name of the given error */
inline const char *
http_errno_name(enum http_errno err) {
/* Map errno values to strings for human-readable output */
#define CROW_HTTP_STRERROR_GEN(n, s) { "CHPE_" #n, s },
static struct {
  const char *name;
  const char *description;
} http_strerror_tab[] = {
  CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(CROW_HTTP_STRERROR_GEN)
};
#undef CROW_HTTP_STRERROR_GEN
  assert(((size_t) err) < CROW_ARRAY_SIZE(http_strerror_tab));
  return http_strerror_tab[err].name;
}

/* Return a string description of the given error */
inline const char *
http_errno_description(enum http_errno err) {
/* Map errno values to strings for human-readable output */
#define CROW_HTTP_STRERROR_GEN(n, s) { "CHPE_" #n, s },
static struct {
  const char *name;
  const char *description;
} http_strerror_tab[] = {
  CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(CROW_HTTP_STRERROR_GEN)
};
#undef CROW_HTTP_STRERROR_GEN
  assert(((size_t) err) < CROW_ARRAY_SIZE(http_strerror_tab));
  return http_strerror_tab[err].description;
}

/* Checks if this is the final chunk of the body. */
inline int
http_body_is_final(const struct http_parser *parser) {
    return parser->state == s_message_done;
}

/* Change the maximum header size provided at compile time. */
inline void
http_parser_set_max_header_size(uint32_t size) {
  max_header_size = size;
}

#undef CROW_HTTP_ERRNO_MAP
#undef CROW_SET_ERRNO
#undef CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_
#undef CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY
#undef CROW_CALLBACK_NOTIFY_NOADVANCE
#undef CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_
#undef CROW_CALLBACK_DATA
#undef CROW_CALLBACK_DATA_NOADVANCE
#undef CROW_MARK
#undef CROW_PROXY_CONNECTION
#undef CROW_CONNECTION
#undef CROW_CONTENT_LENGTH
#undef CROW_TRANSFER_ENCODING
#undef CROW_UPGRADE
#undef CROW_CHUNKED
#undef CROW_KEEP_ALIVE
#undef CROW_CLOSE
#undef CROW_PARSING_HEADER
#undef CROW_LOWER
#undef CROW_IS_ALPHA
#undef CROW_IS_NUM
#undef CROW_IS_ALPHANUM
//#undef CROW_IS_HEX
#undef CROW_IS_MARK
#undef CROW_IS_USERINFO_CHAR
#undef CROW_TOKEN
#undef CROW_IS_URL_CHAR
//#undef CROW_IS_HOST_CHAR
#undef CROW_STRICT_CHECK

}

// clang-format on

#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/basic_waitable_timer.hpp>
#else
#ifndef ASIO_STANDALONE
#define ASIO_STANDALONE
#endif
#include <asio.hpp>
#include <asio/basic_waitable_timer.hpp>
#endif

#include <chrono>
#include <functional>
#include <map>
#include <vector>

namespace crow {
#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
namespace asio = boost::asio;
using error_code = boost::system::error_code;
#else
using error_code = asio::error_code;
#endif
namespace detail {

/// A class for scheduling functions to be called after a specific
/// amount of ticks. Ther tick length can  be handed over in constructor,
/// the default tick length is equal to 1 second.
class task_timer {
public:
  using task_type = std::function<void()>;
  using identifier_type = size_t;

private:
  using clock_type = std::chrono::steady_clock;
  using time_type = clock_type::time_point;

public:
  task_timer(
      asio::io_context &io_context,
      const std::chrono::milliseconds tick_length = std::chrono::seconds(1))
      : io_context_(io_context), timer_(io_context_),
        tick_length_ms_(tick_length) {
    timer_.expires_after(tick_length_ms_);
    timer_.async_wait(
        std::bind(&task_timer::tick_handler, this, std::placeholders::_1));
  }

  ~task_timer() { timer_.cancel(); }

  /// Cancel the scheduling of the given task
  ///
  /// \param identifier_type task identifier of the task to cancel.
  void cancel(identifier_type id) {
    tasks_.erase(id);
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "task_timer task cancelled: " << this << ' ' << id;
  }

  /// Schedule the given task to be executed after the default amount
  /// of ticks.

  ///
  /// \return identifier_type Used to cancel the thread.
  /// It is not bound to this task_timer instance and in some cases
  /// could lead to undefined behavior if used with other task_timer
  /// objects or after the task has been successfully executed.
  identifier_type schedule(const task_type &task) {
    return schedule(task, get_default_timeout());
  }

  /// Schedule the given task to be executed after the given time.

  ///
  /// \param timeout The amount of ticks to wait before execution.
  ///
  /// \return identifier_type Used to cancel the thread.
  /// It is not bound to this task_timer instance and in some cases
  /// could lead to undefined behavior if used with other task_timer
  /// objects or after the task has been successfully executed.
  identifier_type schedule(const task_type &task, uint8_t timeout) {
    tasks_.insert({++highest_id_,
                   {clock_type::now() + (timeout * tick_length_ms_), task}});
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "task_timer scheduled: " << this << ' ' << highest_id_;
    return highest_id_;
  }

  /// Set the default timeout for this task_timer instance.
  /// (Default: 5)

  ///
  /// \param timeout The amount of ticks to wait before
  /// execution.
  /// For tick length \see tick_length_ms_
  void set_default_timeout(uint8_t timeout) { default_timeout_ = timeout; }

  /// Get the default timeout. (Default: 5)
  uint8_t get_default_timeout() const { return default_timeout_; }

  /// returns the length of one tick.
  std::chrono::milliseconds get_tick_length() const { return tick_length_ms_; }

private:
  void process_tasks() {
    time_type current_time = clock_type::now();
    std::vector<identifier_type> finished_tasks;

    for (const auto &task : tasks_) {
      if (task.second.first < current_time) {
        (task.second.second)();
        finished_tasks.push_back(task.first);
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "task_timer called: " << this << ' ' << task.first;
      }
    }

    for (const auto &task : finished_tasks)
      tasks_.erase(task);

    // If no task is currently scheduled, reset the issued ids back
    // to 0.
    if (tasks_.empty()) highest_id_ = 0;
  }

  void tick_handler(const error_code &ec) {
    if (ec) return;

    process_tasks();

    timer_.expires_after(tick_length_ms_);
    timer_.async_wait(
        std::bind(&task_timer::tick_handler, this, std::placeholders::_1));
  }

private:
  asio::io_context &io_context_;
  asio::basic_waitable_timer<clock_type> timer_;
  std::map<identifier_type, std::pair<time_type, task_type>> tasks_;

  // A continuously increasing number to be issued to threads to
  // identify them. If no tasks are scheduled, it will be reset to 0.
  identifier_type highest_id_{0};
  std::chrono::milliseconds tick_length_ms_;
  uint8_t default_timeout_{5};
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace crow

#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#else
#ifndef ASIO_STANDALONE
#define ASIO_STANDALONE
#endif
#include <asio.hpp>
#endif

namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{
#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
namespace asio = boost::asio;
#endif

/// Find and return the value associated with the key. (returns an empty string
/// if nothing is found)
inline const std::string &get_header_value(const ci_map &headers,
                                           const std::string &key) {
  static const std::string EMPTY;
  const auto it = headers.find(key);
  if (it != headers.end()) {
    return it->second;
  } else {
    return EMPTY;
  }
}

/// An HTTP request.
struct request {
  HTTPMethod method;
  std::string raw_url; ///< The full URL containing the `?` and URL parameters.
  std::string url;     ///< The endpoint without any parameters.
  query_string url_params; ///< The parameters associated with the request.
                           ///< (everything after the `?` in the URL)
  ci_map headers;
  std::string body;
  std::string
      remote_ip_address; ///< The IP address from which the request was sent.
  unsigned char http_ver_major, http_ver_minor;
  bool keep_alive, ///< Whether or not the server should send a `connection:
                   ///< Keep-Alive` header to the client.
      close_connection, ///< Whether or not the server should shut down the TCP
                        ///< connection once a response is sent.
      upgrade; ///< Whether or noth the server should change the HTTP connection
               ///< to a different connection.

  void *middleware_context{};
  void *middleware_container{};
  asio::io_context *io_context{};

  /// Construct an empty request. (sets the method to `GET`)
  request() : method(HTTPMethod::Get) {}

  /// Construct a request with all values assigned.
  request(HTTPMethod method_, std::string raw_url_, std::string url_,
          query_string url_params_, ci_map headers_, std::string body_,
          unsigned char http_major, unsigned char http_minor,
          bool has_keep_alive, bool has_close_connection, bool is_upgrade)
      : method(method_), raw_url(std::move(raw_url_)), url(std::move(url_)),
        url_params(std::move(url_params_)), headers(std::move(headers_)),
        body(std::move(body_)), http_ver_major(http_major),
        http_ver_minor(http_minor), keep_alive(has_keep_alive),
        close_connection(has_close_connection), upgrade(is_upgrade) {}

  void add_header(std::string key, std::string value) {
    headers.emplace(std::move(key), std::move(value));
  }

  const std::string &get_header_value(const std::string &key) const {
    return crow::get_header_value(headers, key);
  }

  bool check_version(unsigned char major, unsigned char minor) const {
    return http_ver_major == major && http_ver_minor == minor;
  }

  /// Get the body as parameters in QS format.

  ///
  /// This is meant to be used with requests of type
  /// "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
  const query_string get_body_params() const {
    return query_string(body, false);
  }

  /// Send data to whoever made this request with a completion handler and
  /// return immediately.
  template <typename CompletionHandler> void post(CompletionHandler handler) {
    asio::post(io_context, handler);
  }

  /// Send data to whoever made this request with a completion handler.
  template <typename CompletionHandler>
  void dispatch(CompletionHandler handler) {
    asio::dispatch(io_context, handler);
  }
};
} // namespace crow

#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>

namespace crow {
/// A wrapper for `nodejs/http-parser`.

///
/// Used to generate a \ref crow.request from the TCP socket buffer.
template <typename Handler> struct HTTPParser : public http_parser {
  static int on_message_begin(http_parser *) { return 0; }
  static int on_method(http_parser *self_) {
    HTTPParser *self = static_cast<HTTPParser *>(self_);
    self->req.method = static_cast<HTTPMethod>(self->method);

    return 0;
  }
  static int on_url(http_parser *self_, const char *at, size_t length) {
    HTTPParser *self = static_cast<HTTPParser *>(self_);
    self->req.raw_url.insert(self->req.raw_url.end(), at, at + length);
    self->req.url_params = query_string(self->req.raw_url);
    self->req.url = self->req.raw_url.substr(
        0, self->qs_point != 0 ? self->qs_point : std::string::npos);

    self->process_url();

    return 0;
  }
  static int on_header_field(http_parser *self_, const char *at,
                             size_t length) {
    HTTPParser *self = static_cast<HTTPParser *>(self_);
    switch (self->header_building_state) {
    case 0:
      if (!self->header_value.empty()) {
        self->req.headers.emplace(std::move(self->header_field),
                                  std::move(self->header_value));
      }
      self->header_field.assign(at, at + length);
      self->header_building_state = 1;
      break;
    case 1:
      self->header_field.insert(self->header_field.end(), at, at + length);
      break;
    }
    return 0;
  }
  static int on_header_value(http_parser *self_, const char *at,
                             size_t length) {
    HTTPParser *self = static_cast<HTTPParser *>(self_);
    switch (self->header_building_state) {
    case 0:
      self->header_value.insert(self->header_value.end(), at, at + length);
      break;
    case 1:
      self->header_building_state = 0;
      self->header_value.assign(at, at + length);
      break;
    }
    return 0;
  }
  static int on_headers_complete(http_parser *self_) {
    HTTPParser *self = static_cast<HTTPParser *>(self_);
    if (!self->header_field.empty()) {
      self->req.headers.emplace(std::move(self->header_field),
                                std::move(self->header_value));
    }

    self->set_connection_parameters();

    self->process_header();
    return 0;
  }
  static int on_body(http_parser *self_, const char *at, size_t length) {
    HTTPParser *self = static_cast<HTTPParser *>(self_);
    self->req.body.insert(self->req.body.end(), at, at + length);
    return 0;
  }
  static int on_message_complete(http_parser *self_) {
    HTTPParser *self = static_cast<HTTPParser *>(self_);

    self->message_complete = true;
    self->process_message();
    return 0;
  }
  HTTPParser(Handler *handler) : http_parser(), handler_(handler) {
    http_parser_init(this);
  }

  // return false on error
  /// Parse a buffer into the different sections of an HTTP request.
  bool feed(const char *buffer, int length) {
    if (message_complete) return true;

    const static http_parser_settings settings_{
        on_message_begin, on_method,           on_url,  on_header_field,
        on_header_value,  on_headers_complete, on_body, on_message_complete,
    };

    int nparsed = http_parser_execute(this, &settings_, buffer, length);
    if (http_errno != CHPE_OK) { return false; }
    return nparsed == length;
  }

  bool done() { return feed(nullptr, 0); }

  void clear() {
    req = crow::request();
    header_field.clear();
    header_value.clear();
    header_building_state = 0;
    qs_point = 0;
    message_complete = false;
    state = CROW_NEW_MESSAGE();
  }

  inline void process_url() { handler_->handle_url(); }

  inline void process_header() { handler_->handle_header(); }

  inline void process_message() { handler_->handle(); }

  inline void set_connection_parameters() {
    req.http_ver_major = http_major;
    req.http_ver_minor = http_minor;

    // NOTE(EDev): it seems that the problem is with crow's policy on closing
    // the connection for HTTP_VERSION < 1.0, the behaviour for that in crow is
    // "don't close the connection, but don't send a keep-alive either"

    // HTTP1.1 = always send keep_alive, HTTP1.0 = only send if header exists,
    // HTTP?.? = never send
    req.keep_alive =
        (http_major == 1 && http_minor == 0)
            ? ((flags & F_CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE) ? true : false)
            : ((http_major == 1 && http_minor == 1) ? true : false);

    // HTTP1.1 = only close if close header exists, HTTP1.0 = always close
    // unless keep_alive header exists, HTTP?.?= never close
    req.close_connection =
        (http_major == 1 && http_minor == 0)
            ? ((flags & F_CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE) ? false : true)
            : ((http_major == 1 && http_minor == 1)
                   ? ((flags & F_CONNECTION_CLOSE) ? true : false)
                   : false);
    req.upgrade = static_cast<bool>(upgrade);
  }

  /// The final request that this parser outputs.
  ///
  /// Data parsed is put directly into this object as soon as the related
  /// callback returns. (e.g. the request will have the cooorect method as soon
  /// as on_method() returns)
  request req;

private:
  int header_building_state = 0;
  bool message_complete = false;
  std::string header_field;
  std::string header_value;

  Handler *handler_; ///< This is currently an HTTP connection object (\ref
                     ///< crow.Connection).
};
} // namespace crow

#undef CROW_NEW_MESSAGE
#undef CROW_start_state

/**
 * \file crow/mustache.h
 * \brief This file includes the definition of the crow::mustache
 * namespace and its members.
 */

#include <fstream>
#include <functional>
#include <iterator>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{
/**
 * \namespace crow::mustache
 * \brief In this namespace is defined most of the functions and
 * classes related to template rendering.
 *
 * If you are here you might want to read these functions and
 * classes:
 *
 * - \ref template_t
 * - \ref load_text
 * - \ref load_text_unsafe
 * - \ref load
 * - \ref load_unsafe
 *
 * As name suggest, crow uses
 * [mustache](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustache_(template_system)) as main
 * template rendering system.
 *
 * You may be interested in taking a look at the [Templating guide
 * page](https://crowcpp.org/master/guides/templating/).
 */
namespace mustache {
using context = json::wvalue;

template_t load(const std::string &filename);

/**
 * \class invalid_template_exception
 * \brief Represents compilation error of an template. Throwed
 * specially at mustache compile time.
 */
class invalid_template_exception : public std::exception {
public:
  invalid_template_exception(const std::string &msg_)
      : msg("crow::mustache error: " + msg_) {}
  virtual const char *what() const throw() override { return msg.c_str(); }
  std::string msg;
};

/**
 * \struct rendered_template
 * \brief Returned object after call the
 * \ref template_t::render() method. Its intended to be
 * returned during a **rule declaration**.
 *
 * \see \ref CROW_ROUTE
 * \see \ref CROW_BP_ROUTE
 */
struct rendered_template : returnable {
  rendered_template() : returnable("text/html") {}

  rendered_template(std::string &body)
      : returnable("text/html"), body_(std::move(body)) {}

  std::string body_;

  std::string dump() const override { return body_; }
};

/**
 * \enum ActionType
 * \brief Used in \ref Action to represent different parsing
 * behaviors.
 *
 * \see \ref Action
 */
enum class ActionType {
  Ignore,
  Tag,
  UnescapeTag,
  OpenBlock,
  CloseBlock,
  ElseBlock,
  Partial,
};

/**
 * \struct Action
 * \brief Used during mustache template compilation to
 * represent parsing actions.
 *
 * \see \ref compile
 * \see \ref template_t
 */
struct Action {
  bool has_end_match;
  char tag_char;
  int start;
  int end;
  int pos;
  ActionType t;

  Action(char tag_char_, ActionType t_, size_t start_, size_t end_,
         size_t pos_ = 0)
      : has_end_match(false), tag_char(tag_char_),
        start(static_cast<int>(start_)), end(static_cast<int>(end_)),
        pos(static_cast<int>(pos_)), t(t_) {}

  bool missing_end_pair() const {
    switch (t) {
    case ActionType::Ignore:
    case ActionType::Tag:
    case ActionType::UnescapeTag:
    case ActionType::CloseBlock:
    case ActionType::Partial: return false;

    // requires a match
    case ActionType::OpenBlock:
    case ActionType::ElseBlock: return !has_end_match;

    default: throw std::logic_error("invalid type");
    }
  }
};

/**
 * \class template_t
 * \brief Compiled mustache template object.
 *
 * \warning Use \ref compile instead.
 */
class template_t {
public:
  template_t(std::string body) : body_(std::move(body)) {
    // {{ {{# {{/ {{^ {{! {{> {{=
    parse();
  }

private:
  std::string tag_name(const Action &action) const {
    return body_.substr(action.start, action.end - action.start);
  }
  auto find_context(const std::string &name,
                    const std::vector<const context *> &stack,
                    bool shouldUseOnlyFirstStackValue = false) const
      -> std::pair<bool, const context &> {
    if (name == ".") { return {true, *stack.back()}; }
    static json::wvalue empty_str;
    empty_str = "";

    int dotPosition = name.find(".");
    if (dotPosition == static_cast<int>(name.npos)) {
      for (auto it = stack.rbegin(); it != stack.rend(); ++it) {
        if ((*it)->t() == json::type::Object) {
          if ((*it)->count(name)) return {true, (**it)[name]};
        }
      }
    } else {
      std::vector<int> dotPositions;
      dotPositions.push_back(-1);
      while (dotPosition != static_cast<int>(name.npos)) {
        dotPositions.push_back(dotPosition);
        dotPosition = name.find(".", dotPosition + 1);
      }
      dotPositions.push_back(name.size());
      std::vector<std::string> names;
      names.reserve(dotPositions.size() - 1);
      for (int i = 1; i < static_cast<int>(dotPositions.size()); i++)
        names.emplace_back(
            name.substr(dotPositions[i - 1] + 1,
                        dotPositions[i] - dotPositions[i - 1] - 1));

      for (auto it = stack.rbegin(); it != stack.rend(); ++it) {
        const context *view = *it;
        bool found = true;
        for (auto jt = names.begin(); jt != names.end(); ++jt) {
          if (view->t() == json::type::Object && view->count(*jt)) {
            view = &(*view)[*jt];
          } else {
            if (shouldUseOnlyFirstStackValue) { return {false, empty_str}; }
            found = false;
            break;
          }
        }
        if (found) return {true, *view};
      }
    }

    return {false, empty_str};
  }

  void escape(const std::string &in, std::string &out) const {
    out.reserve(out.size() + in.size());
    for (auto it = in.begin(); it != in.end(); ++it) {
      switch (*it) {
      case '&': out += "&amp;"; break;
      case '<': out += "&lt;"; break;
      case '>': out += "&gt;"; break;
      case '"': out += "&quot;"; break;
      case '\'': out += "&#39;"; break;
      case '/': out += "&#x2F;"; break;
      case '`': out += "&#x60;"; break;
      case '=': out += "&#x3D;"; break;
      default: out += *it; break;
      }
    }
  }

  bool isTagInsideObjectBlock(const int &current,
                              const std::vector<const context *> &stack) const {
    int openedBlock = 0;
    for (int i = current; i > 0; --i) {
      auto &action = actions_[i - 1];

      if (action.t == ActionType::OpenBlock) {
        if (openedBlock == 0 && (*stack.rbegin())->t() == json::type::Object) {
          return true;
        }
        --openedBlock;
      } else if (action.t == ActionType::CloseBlock) {
        ++openedBlock;
      }
    }

    return false;
  }

  void render_internal(int actionBegin, int actionEnd,
                       std::vector<const context *> &stack, std::string &out,
                       int indent) const {
    int current = actionBegin;

    if (indent) out.insert(out.size(), indent, ' ');

    while (current < actionEnd) {
      auto &fragment = fragments_[current];
      auto &action = actions_[current];
      render_fragment(fragment, indent, out);
      switch (action.t) {
      case ActionType::Ignore:
        // do nothing
        break;
      case ActionType::Partial: {
        std::string partial_name = tag_name(action);
        auto partial_templ = load(partial_name);
        int partial_indent = action.pos;
        partial_templ.render_internal(
            0, partial_templ.fragments_.size() - 1, stack, out,
            partial_indent ? indent + partial_indent : 0);
      } break;
      case ActionType::UnescapeTag:
      case ActionType::Tag: {
        bool shouldUseOnlyFirstStackValue = false;
        if (isTagInsideObjectBlock(current, stack)) {
          shouldUseOnlyFirstStackValue = true;
        }
        auto optional_ctx =
            find_context(tag_name(action), stack, shouldUseOnlyFirstStackValue);
        auto &ctx = optional_ctx.second;
        switch (ctx.t()) {
        case json::type::False:
        case json::type::True:
        case json::type::Number: out += ctx.dump(); break;
        case json::type::String:
          if (action.t == ActionType::Tag)
            escape(ctx.s, out);
          else
            out += ctx.s;
          break;
        case json::type::Function: {
          std::string execute_result = ctx.execute();
          while (execute_result.find("{{") != std::string::npos) {
            template_t result_plug(execute_result);
            execute_result = result_plug.render_string(*(stack[0]));
          }

          if (action.t == ActionType::Tag)
            escape(execute_result, out);
          else
            out += execute_result;
        } break;
        default:
          throw std::runtime_error(
              "not implemented tag type" +
              utility::lexical_cast<std::string>(static_cast<int>(ctx.t())));
        }
      } break;
      case ActionType::ElseBlock: {
        static context nullContext;
        auto optional_ctx = find_context(tag_name(action), stack);
        if (!optional_ctx.first) {
          stack.emplace_back(&nullContext);
          break;
        }

        auto &ctx = optional_ctx.second;
        switch (ctx.t()) {
        case json::type::List:
          if (ctx.l && !ctx.l->empty())
            current = action.pos;
          else
            stack.emplace_back(&nullContext);
          break;
        case json::type::False:
        case json::type::Null: stack.emplace_back(&nullContext); break;
        default: current = action.pos; break;
        }
        break;
      }
      case ActionType::OpenBlock: {
        auto optional_ctx = find_context(tag_name(action), stack);
        if (!optional_ctx.first) {
          current = action.pos;
          break;
        }

        auto &ctx = optional_ctx.second;
        switch (ctx.t()) {
        case json::type::List:
          if (ctx.l)
            for (auto it = ctx.l->begin(); it != ctx.l->end(); ++it) {
              stack.push_back(&*it);
              render_internal(current + 1, action.pos, stack, out, indent);
              stack.pop_back();
            }
          current = action.pos;
          break;
        case json::type::Number:
        case json::type::String:
        case json::type::Object:
        case json::type::True: stack.push_back(&ctx); break;
        case json::type::False:
        case json::type::Null: current = action.pos; break;
        default:
          throw std::runtime_error(
              "{{#: not implemented context type: " +
              utility::lexical_cast<std::string>(static_cast<int>(ctx.t())));
          break;
        }
        break;
      }
      case ActionType::CloseBlock: stack.pop_back(); break;
      default:
        throw std::runtime_error(
            "not implemented " +
            utility::lexical_cast<std::string>(static_cast<int>(action.t)));
      }
      current++;
    }
    auto &fragment = fragments_[actionEnd];
    render_fragment(fragment, indent, out);
  }
  void render_fragment(const std::pair<int, int> fragment, int indent,
                       std::string &out) const {
    if (indent) {
      for (int i = fragment.first; i < fragment.second; i++) {
        out += body_[i];
        if (body_[i] == '\n' && i + 1 != static_cast<int>(body_.size()))
          out.insert(out.size(), indent, ' ');
      }
    } else
      out.insert(out.size(), body_, fragment.first,
                 fragment.second - fragment.first);
  }

public:
  /// Output a returnable template from this mustache template
  rendered_template render() const {
    context empty_ctx;
    std::vector<const context *> stack;
    stack.emplace_back(&empty_ctx);

    std::string ret;
    render_internal(0, fragments_.size() - 1, stack, ret, 0);
    return rendered_template(ret);
  }

  /// Apply the values from the context provided and output a returnable
  /// template from this mustache template
  rendered_template render(const context &ctx) const {
    std::vector<const context *> stack;
    stack.emplace_back(&ctx);

    std::string ret;
    render_internal(0, fragments_.size() - 1, stack, ret, 0);
    return rendered_template(ret);
  }

  /// Apply the values from the context provided and output a returnable
  /// template from this mustache template
  rendered_template render(const context &&ctx) const { return render(ctx); }

  /// Output a returnable template from this mustache template
  std::string render_string() const {
    context empty_ctx;
    std::vector<const context *> stack;
    stack.emplace_back(&empty_ctx);

    std::string ret;
    render_internal(0, fragments_.size() - 1, stack, ret, 0);
    return ret;
  }

  /// Apply the values from the context provided and output a returnable
  /// template from this mustache template
  std::string render_string(const context &ctx) const {
    std::vector<const context *> stack;
    stack.emplace_back(&ctx);

    std::string ret;
    render_internal(0, fragments_.size() - 1, stack, ret, 0);
    return ret;
  }

private:
  void parse() {
    std::string tag_open = "{{";
    std::string tag_close = "}}";

    std::vector<int> blockPositions;

    size_t current = 0;
    while (1) {
      size_t idx = body_.find(tag_open, current);
      if (idx == body_.npos) {
        fragments_.emplace_back(static_cast<int>(current),
                                static_cast<int>(body_.size()));
        actions_.emplace_back('!', ActionType::Ignore, 0, 0);
        break;
      }
      fragments_.emplace_back(static_cast<int>(current), static_cast<int>(idx));

      idx += tag_open.size();
      size_t endIdx = body_.find(tag_close, idx);
      if (endIdx == idx) {
        throw invalid_template_exception("empty tag is not allowed");
      }
      if (endIdx == body_.npos) {
        // error, no matching tag
        throw invalid_template_exception("not matched opening tag");
      }
      current = endIdx + tag_close.size();
      char tag_char = body_[idx];
      switch (tag_char) {
      case '#':
        idx++;
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx - 1] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        blockPositions.emplace_back(static_cast<int>(actions_.size()));
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::OpenBlock, idx, endIdx);
        break;
      case '/':
        idx++;
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx - 1] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        {
          if (blockPositions.empty()) {
            throw invalid_template_exception(
                std::string("unexpected closing tag: ") +
                body_.substr(idx, endIdx - idx));
          }
          auto &matched = actions_[blockPositions.back()];
          if (body_.compare(idx, endIdx - idx, body_, matched.start,
                            matched.end - matched.start) != 0) {
            throw invalid_template_exception(
                std::string("not matched {{") + matched.tag_char +
                "{{/ pair: " +
                body_.substr(matched.start, matched.end - matched.start) +
                ", " + body_.substr(idx, endIdx - idx));
          }
          matched.pos = static_cast<int>(actions_.size());
          matched.has_end_match = true;
        }
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::CloseBlock, idx, endIdx,
                              blockPositions.back());
        blockPositions.pop_back();
        break;
      case '^':
        idx++;
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx - 1] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        blockPositions.emplace_back(static_cast<int>(actions_.size()));
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::ElseBlock, idx, endIdx);
        break;
      case '!':
        // do nothing action
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::Ignore, idx + 1, endIdx);
        break;
      case '>': // partial
        idx++;
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx - 1] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::Partial, idx, endIdx);
        break;
      case '{':
        if (tag_open != "{{" || tag_close != "}}")
          throw invalid_template_exception(
              "cannot use triple mustache when delimiter changed");

        idx++;
        if (body_[endIdx + 2] != '}') {
          throw invalid_template_exception("{{{: }}} not matched");
        }
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx - 1] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::UnescapeTag, idx, endIdx);
        current++;
        break;
      case '&':
        idx++;
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx - 1] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::UnescapeTag, idx, endIdx);
        break;
      case '=':
        // tag itself is no-op
        idx++;
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::Ignore, idx, endIdx);
        endIdx--;
        if (body_[endIdx] != '=')
          throw invalid_template_exception("{{=: not matching = tag: " +
                                           body_.substr(idx, endIdx - idx));
        endIdx--;
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        endIdx++;
        {
          bool succeeded = false;
          for (size_t i = idx; i < endIdx; i++) {
            if (body_[i] == ' ') {
              tag_open = body_.substr(idx, i - idx);
              while (body_[i] == ' ')
                i++;
              tag_close = body_.substr(i, endIdx - i);
              if (tag_open.empty())
                throw invalid_template_exception("{{=: empty open tag");
              if (tag_close.empty())
                throw invalid_template_exception("{{=: empty close tag");

              if (tag_close.find(" ") != tag_close.npos)
                throw invalid_template_exception(
                    "{{=: invalid open/close tag: " + tag_open + " " +
                    tag_close);
              succeeded = true;
              break;
            }
          }
          if (!succeeded)
            throw invalid_template_exception(
                "{{=: cannot find space between new open/close tags");
        }
        break;
      default:
        // normal tag case;
        while (body_[idx] == ' ')
          idx++;
        while (body_[endIdx - 1] == ' ')
          endIdx--;
        actions_.emplace_back(tag_char, ActionType::Tag, idx, endIdx);
        break;
      }
    }

    // ensure no unmatched tags
    for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(actions_.size()); i++) {
      if (actions_[i].missing_end_pair()) {
        throw invalid_template_exception(
            std::string("open tag has no matching end tag {{") +
            actions_[i].tag_char + " {{/ pair: " +
            body_.substr(actions_[i].start,
                         actions_[i].end - actions_[i].start));
      }
    }

    // removing standalones
    for (int i = static_cast<int>(actions_.size()) - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
      if (actions_[i].t == ActionType::Tag ||
          actions_[i].t == ActionType::UnescapeTag)
        continue;
      auto &fragment_before = fragments_[i];
      auto &fragment_after = fragments_[i + 1];
      bool is_last_action = i == static_cast<int>(actions_.size()) - 2;
      bool all_space_before = true;
      int j, k;
      for (j = fragment_before.second - 1; j >= fragment_before.first; j--) {
        if (body_[j] != ' ') {
          all_space_before = false;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (all_space_before && i > 0) continue;
      if (!all_space_before && body_[j] != '\n') continue;
      bool all_space_after = true;
      for (k = fragment_after.first;
           k < static_cast<int>(body_.size()) && k < fragment_after.second;
           k++) {
        if (body_[k] != ' ') {
          all_space_after = false;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (all_space_after && !is_last_action) continue;
      if (!all_space_after &&
          !(body_[k] == '\n' ||
            (body_[k] == '\r' && k + 1 < static_cast<int>(body_.size()) &&
             body_[k + 1] == '\n')))
        continue;
      if (actions_[i].t == ActionType::Partial) {
        actions_[i].pos = fragment_before.second - j - 1;
      }
      fragment_before.second = j + 1;
      if (!all_space_after) {
        if (body_[k] == '\n')
          k++;
        else
          k += 2;
        fragment_after.first = k;
      }
    }
  }

  std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> fragments_;
  std::vector<Action> actions_;
  std::string body_;
};

/// \brief The function that compiles a source into a mustache
/// template.
inline template_t compile(const std::string &body) { return template_t(body); }

namespace detail {
inline std::string &get_template_base_directory_ref() {
  static std::string template_base_directory = "templates";
  return template_base_directory;
}

/// A base directory not related to any blueprint
inline std::string &get_global_template_base_directory_ref() {
  static std::string template_base_directory = "templates";
  return template_base_directory;
}
} // namespace detail

/// \brief The default way that \ref load, \ref load_unsafe,
/// \ref load_text and \ref load_text_unsafe use to read the
/// contents of a file.
inline std::string default_loader(const std::string &filename) {
  std::string path = detail::get_template_base_directory_ref();
  std::ifstream inf(utility::join_path(path, filename));
  if (!inf) {
    CROW_LOG_WARNING << "Template \"" << filename << "\" not found.";
    return {};
  }
  return {std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(inf),
          std::istreambuf_iterator<char>()};
}

namespace detail {
inline std::function<std::string(std::string)> &get_loader_ref() {
  static std::function<std::string(std::string)> loader = default_loader;
  return loader;
}
} // namespace detail

/// \brief Defines the templates directory path at **route
/// level**. By default is `templates/`.
inline void set_base(const std::string &path) {
  auto &base = detail::get_template_base_directory_ref();
  base = path;
  if (base.back() != '\\' && base.back() != '/') { base += '/'; }
}

/// \brief Defines the templates directory path at **global
/// level**. By default is `templates/`.
inline void set_global_base(const std::string &path) {
  auto &base = detail::get_global_template_base_directory_ref();
  base = path;
  if (base.back() != '\\' && base.back() != '/') { base += '/'; }
}

/// \brief Change the way that \ref load, \ref load_unsafe,
/// \ref load_text and \ref load_text_unsafe reads a file.
///
/// By default, the previously mentioned functions load files
/// using \ref default_loader, that only reads a file and
/// returns a std::string.
inline void set_loader(std::function<std::string(std::string)> loader) {
  detail::get_loader_ref() = std::move(loader);
}

/// \brief Open, read and sanitize a file but returns a
/// std::string without a previous rendering process.
///
/// Except for the **sanitize process** this function does the
/// almost the same thing that \ref load_text_unsafe.
inline std::string load_text(const std::string &filename) {
  std::string filename_sanitized(filename);
  utility::sanitize_filename(filename_sanitized);
  return detail::get_loader_ref()(filename_sanitized);
}

/// \brief Open and read a file but returns a std::string
/// without a previous rendering process.
///
/// This function is more like a helper to reduce code like
/// this...
///
/// ```cpp
/// std::ifstream file("home.html");
/// return std::string({std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(file),
/// std::istreambuf_iterator<char>()});
/// ```
///
/// ... Into this...
///
/// ```cpp
/// return load("home.html");
/// ```
///
/// \warning Usually \ref load_text is more recommended to use
/// instead because it may prevent some [XSS
/// Attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting).
/// **Never blindly trust your users!**
inline std::string load_text_unsafe(const std::string &filename) {
  return detail::get_loader_ref()(filename);
}

/// \brief Open, read and renders a file using a mustache
/// compiler. It also sanitize the input before compilation.
inline template_t load(const std::string &filename) {
  std::string filename_sanitized(filename);
  utility::sanitize_filename(filename_sanitized);
  return compile(detail::get_loader_ref()(filename_sanitized));
}

/// \brief Open, read and renders a file using a mustache
/// compiler. But it **do not** sanitize the input before
/// compilation.
///
/// \warning Usually \ref load is more recommended to use
/// instead because it may prevent some [XSS
/// Attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting).
/// **Never blindly trust your users!**
inline template_t load_unsafe(const std::string &filename) {
  return compile(detail::get_loader_ref()(filename));
}
} // namespace mustache
} // namespace crow

#include <stdexcept>

namespace crow {
struct bad_request : public std::runtime_error {
  bad_request(const std::string &what_arg) : std::runtime_error(what_arg) {}

  bad_request(const char *what_arg) : std::runtime_error(what_arg) {}
};
} // namespace crow

#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

namespace crow {

/// Encapsulates anything related to processing and organizing `multipart/xyz`
/// messages
namespace multipart {

const std::string dd = "--";

/// The first part in a section, contains metadata about the part
struct header {
  std::string value; ///< The first part of the header, usually `Content-Type`
                     ///< or `Content-Disposition`
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>
      params; ///< The parameters of the header, come after the `value`

  operator int() const {
    return std::stoi(value);
  } ///< Returns \ref value as integer
  operator double() const {
    return std::stod(value);
  } ///< Returns \ref value as double
};

/// Multipart header map (key is header key).
using mph_map =
    std::unordered_multimap<std::string, header, ci_hash, ci_key_eq>;

/// Find and return the value object associated with the key. (returns an empty
/// class if nothing is found)
template <typename O, typename T>
inline const O &get_header_value_object(const T &headers,
                                        const std::string &key) {
  if (headers.count(key)) { return headers.find(key)->second; }
  static O empty;
  return empty;
}

/// Same as \ref get_header_value_object() but for \ref multipart.header
template <typename T>
inline const header &get_header_object(const T &headers,
                                       const std::string &key) {
  return get_header_value_object<header>(headers, key);
}

/// One part of the multipart message

///
/// It is usually separated from other sections by a `boundary`
struct part {
  mph_map headers;  ///< (optional) The first part before the data, Contains
                    ///< information regarding the type of data and encoding
  std::string body; ///< The actual data in the part

  operator int() const {
    return std::stoi(body);
  } ///< Returns \ref body as integer
  operator double() const {
    return std::stod(body);
  } ///< Returns \ref body as double

  const header &get_header_object(const std::string &key) const {
    return multipart::get_header_object(headers, key);
  }
};

/// Multipart map (key is the name parameter).
using mp_map = std::unordered_multimap<std::string, part, ci_hash, ci_key_eq>;

/// The parsed multipart request/response
struct message : public returnable {
  ci_map headers;       ///< The request/response headers
  std::string boundary; ///< The text boundary that separates different `parts`
  std::vector<part> parts; ///< The individual parts of the message
  mp_map part_map; ///< The individual parts of the message, organized in a map
                   ///< with the `name` header parameter being the key

  const std::string &get_header_value(const std::string &key) const {
    return crow::get_header_value(headers, key);
  }

  part get_part_by_name(const std::string &name) {
    mp_map::iterator result = part_map.find(name);
    if (result != part_map.end())
      return result->second;
    else
      return {};
  }

  /// Represent all parts as a string (**does not include message headers**)
  std::string dump() const override {
    std::stringstream str;
    std::string delimiter = dd + boundary;

    for (unsigned i = 0; i < parts.size(); i++) {
      str << delimiter << crlf;
      str << dump(i);
    }
    str << delimiter << dd << crlf;
    return str.str();
  }

  /// Represent an individual part as a string
  std::string dump(int part_) const {
    std::stringstream str;
    part item = parts[part_];
    for (auto &item_h : item.headers) {
      str << item_h.first << ": " << item_h.second.value;
      for (auto &it : item_h.second.params) {
        str << "; " << it.first << '=' << pad(it.second);
      }
      str << crlf;
    }
    str << crlf;
    str << item.body << crlf;
    return str.str();
  }

  /// Default constructor using default values
  message(const ci_map &headers_, const std::string &boundary_,
          const std::vector<part> &sections)
      : returnable("multipart/form-data; boundary=CROW-BOUNDARY"),
        headers(headers_), boundary(boundary_), parts(sections) {
    if (!boundary.empty())
      content_type = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
    for (auto &item : parts) {
      part_map.emplace((get_header_object(item.headers, "Content-Disposition")
                            .params.find("name")
                            ->second),
                       item);
    }
  }

  /// Create a multipart message from a request data
  explicit message(const request &req)
      : returnable("multipart/form-data; boundary=CROW-BOUNDARY"),
        headers(req.headers),
        boundary(get_boundary(get_header_value("Content-Type"))) {
    if (!boundary.empty()) {
      content_type = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
      parse_body(req.body);
    } else {
      throw bad_request("Empty boundary in multipart message");
    }
  }

private:
  std::string get_boundary(const std::string &header) const {
    constexpr char boundary_text[] = "boundary=";
    size_t found = header.find(boundary_text);
    if (found != std::string::npos) {
      std::string to_return(header.substr(found + strlen(boundary_text)));
      if (to_return[0] == '\"') {
        to_return = to_return.substr(1, to_return.length() - 2);
      }
      return to_return;
    }
    return std::string();
  }

  void parse_body(std::string body) {
    std::string delimiter = dd + boundary;

    // TODO(EDev): Exit on error
    while (body != (crlf)) {
      size_t found = body.find(delimiter);
      if (found == std::string::npos) {
        // did not find delimiter; probably an ill-formed body; throw to
        // indicate the issue to user
        throw bad_request("Unable to find delimiter in multipart message. "
                          "Probably ill-formed body");
      }
      std::string section = body.substr(0, found);

      // +2 is the CRLF.
      // We don't check it and delete it so that the same delimiter can be used
      // for The last delimiter (--delimiter--CRLF).
      body.erase(0, found + delimiter.length() + 2);
      if (!section.empty()) {
        part parsed_section(parse_section(section));
        part_map.emplace(
            (get_header_object(parsed_section.headers, "Content-Disposition")
                 .params.find("name")
                 ->second),
            parsed_section);
        parts.push_back(std::move(parsed_section));
      }
    }
  }

  part parse_section(std::string &section) {
    struct part to_return;

    size_t found = section.find(crlf + crlf);
    std::string head_line = section.substr(0, found + 2);
    section.erase(0, found + 4);

    parse_section_head(head_line, to_return);
    to_return.body = section.substr(0, section.length() - 2);
    return to_return;
  }

  void parse_section_head(std::string &lines, part &part) {
    while (!lines.empty()) {
      header to_add;

      const size_t found_crlf = lines.find(crlf);
      std::string line = lines.substr(0, found_crlf);
      std::string key;
      lines.erase(0, found_crlf + 2);
      // Add the header if available
      if (!line.empty()) {
        const size_t found_semicolon = line.find("; ");
        std::string header = line.substr(0, found_semicolon);
        if (found_semicolon != std::string::npos)
          line.erase(0, found_semicolon + 2);
        else
          line = std::string();

        size_t header_split = header.find(": ");
        key = header.substr(0, header_split);

        to_add.value = header.substr(header_split + 2);
      }

      // Add the parameters
      while (!line.empty()) {
        const size_t found_semicolon = line.find("; ");
        std::string param = line.substr(0, found_semicolon);
        if (found_semicolon != std::string::npos)
          line.erase(0, found_semicolon + 2);
        else
          line = std::string();

        size_t param_split = param.find('=');

        std::string value = param.substr(param_split + 1);

        to_add.params.emplace(param.substr(0, param_split), trim(value));
      }
      part.headers.emplace(key, to_add);
    }
  }

  inline std::string trim(std::string &string, const char &excess = '"') const {
    if (string.length() > 1 && string[0] == excess &&
        string[string.length() - 1] == excess)
      return string.substr(1, string.length() - 2);
    return string;
  }

  inline std::string pad(std::string &string, const char &padding = '"') const {
    return (padding + string + padding);
  }
};
} // namespace multipart
} // namespace crow

#include <charconv>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <vector>

// for crow::multipart::dd

namespace crow {

/// Encapsulates anything related to processing and organizing `multipart/xyz`
/// messages
namespace multipart {
/// The first part in a section, contains metadata about the part
struct header_view {
  std::string_view value; ///< The first part of the header, usually
                          ///< `Content-Type` or `Content-Disposition`
  std::unordered_map<std::string_view, std::string_view>
      params; ///< The parameters of the header, come after the `value`

  /// Returns \ref value as integer
  operator int() const {
    int result = 0;
    std::from_chars(value.data(), value.data() + value.size(), result);
    return result;
  }

  /// Returns \ref value as double
  operator double() const {
    // There's no std::from_chars for floating-point types in a lot of STLs
    return std::stod(static_cast<std::string>(value));
  }
};

/// Multipart header map (key is header key).
using mph_view_map =
    std::unordered_multimap<std::string_view, header_view, ci_hash, ci_key_eq>;

/// Finds and returns the header with the specified key. (returns an empty
/// header if nothing is found)
inline const header_view &get_header_object(const mph_view_map &headers,
                                            const std::string_view key) {
  const auto header = headers.find(key);
  if (header != headers.cend()) { return header->second; }

  static header_view empty;
  return empty;
}

/// String padded with the specified padding (double quotes by default)
struct padded {
  std::string_view value;   ///< String to pad
  const char padding = '"'; ///< Padding to use

  /// Outputs padded value to the stream
  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &stream, const padded value_) {
    return stream << value_.padding << value_.value << value_.padding;
  }
};

/// One part of the multipart message

///
/// It is usually separated from other sections by a `boundary`
struct part_view {
  mph_view_map headers; ///< (optional) The first part before the data, Contains
                        ///< information regarding the type of data and encoding
  std::string_view body; ///< The actual data in the part

  /// Returns \ref body as integer
  operator int() const {
    int result = 0;
    std::from_chars(body.data(), body.data() + body.size(), result);
    return result;
  }

  /// Returns \ref body as double
  operator double() const {
    // There's no std::from_chars for floating-point types in a lot of STLs
    return std::stod(static_cast<std::string>(body));
  }

  const header_view &get_header_object(const std::string_view key) const {
    return multipart::get_header_object(headers, key);
  }

  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &stream, const part_view &part) {
    for (const auto &[header_key, header_value] : part.headers) {
      stream << header_key << ": " << header_value.value;
      for (const auto &[param_key, param_value] : header_value.params) {
        stream << "; " << param_key << '=' << padded{param_value};
      }
      stream << crlf;
    }
    stream << crlf;
    stream << part.body << crlf;
    return stream;
  }
};

/// Multipart map (key is the name parameter).
using mp_view_map =
    std::unordered_multimap<std::string_view, part_view, ci_hash, ci_key_eq>;

/// The parsed multipart request/response
struct message_view {
  std::reference_wrapper<const ci_map>
      headers;          ///< The request/response headers
  std::string boundary; ///< The text boundary that separates different `parts`
  std::vector<part_view> parts; ///< The individual parts of the message
  mp_view_map part_map; ///< The individual parts of the message, organized in a
                        ///< map with the `name` header parameter being the key

  const std::string &get_header_value(const std::string &key) const {
    return crow::get_header_value(headers.get(), key);
  }

  part_view get_part_by_name(const std::string_view name) {
    mp_view_map::iterator result = part_map.find(name);
    if (result != part_map.end())
      return result->second;
    else
      return {};
  }

  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &stream,
                                  const message_view message) {
    std::string delimiter = dd + message.boundary;

    for (const part_view &part : message.parts) {
      stream << delimiter << crlf;
      stream << part;
    }
    stream << delimiter << dd << crlf;

    return stream;
  }

  /// Represent all parts as a string (**does not include message headers**)
  std::string dump() const {
    std::ostringstream str;
    str << *this;
    return std::move(str).str();
  }

  /// Represent an individual part as a string
  std::string dump(int part_) const {
    std::ostringstream str;
    str << parts.at(part_);
    return std::move(str).str();
  }

  /// Default constructor using default values
  message_view(const ci_map &headers_, const std::string &boundary_,
               const std::vector<part_view> &sections)
      : headers(headers_), boundary(boundary_), parts(sections) {
    for (const part_view &item : parts) {
      part_map.emplace((get_header_object(item.headers, "Content-Disposition")
                            .params.find("name")
                            ->second),
                       item);
    }
  }

  /// Create a multipart message from a request data
  explicit message_view(const request &req)
      : headers(req.headers),
        boundary(get_boundary(get_header_value("Content-Type"))) {
    parse_body(req.body);
  }

private:
  std::string_view get_boundary(const std::string_view header) const {
    constexpr std::string_view boundary_text = "boundary=";
    const size_t found = header.find(boundary_text);
    if (found == std::string_view::npos) { return std::string_view(); }

    const std::string_view to_return =
        header.substr(found + boundary_text.size());
    if (to_return[0] == '\"') {
      return to_return.substr(1, to_return.length() - 2);
    }
    return to_return;
  }

  void parse_body(std::string_view body) {
    const std::string delimiter = dd + boundary;

    // TODO(EDev): Exit on error
    while (body != (crlf)) {
      const size_t found = body.find(delimiter);
      if (found == std::string_view::npos) {
        // did not find delimiter; probably an ill-formed body; ignore the rest
        break;
      }

      const std::string_view section = body.substr(0, found);

      // +2 is the CRLF.
      // We don't check it and delete it so that the same delimiter can be used
      // for The last delimiter (--delimiter--CRLF).
      body = body.substr(found + delimiter.length() + 2);
      if (!section.empty()) {
        part_view parsed_section = parse_section(section);
        part_map.emplace(
            (get_header_object(parsed_section.headers, "Content-Disposition")
                 .params.find("name")
                 ->second),
            parsed_section);
        parts.push_back(std::move(parsed_section));
      }
    }
  }

  part_view parse_section(std::string_view section) {
    constexpr static std::string_view crlf2 = "\r\n\r\n";

    const size_t found = section.find(crlf2);
    const std::string_view head_line = section.substr(0, found + 2);
    section = section.substr(found + 4);

    return part_view{
        parse_section_head(head_line),
        section.substr(0, section.length() - 2),
    };
  }

  mph_view_map parse_section_head(std::string_view lines) {
    mph_view_map result;

    while (!lines.empty()) {
      header_view to_add;

      const size_t found_crlf = lines.find(crlf);
      std::string_view line = lines.substr(0, found_crlf);
      std::string_view key;
      lines = lines.substr(found_crlf + 2);
      // Add the header if available
      if (!line.empty()) {
        const size_t found_semicolon = line.find("; ");
        std::string_view header = line.substr(0, found_semicolon);
        if (found_semicolon != std::string_view::npos)
          line = line.substr(found_semicolon + 2);
        else
          line = std::string_view();

        const size_t header_split = header.find(": ");
        key = header.substr(0, header_split);

        to_add.value = header.substr(header_split + 2);
      }

      // Add the parameters
      while (!line.empty()) {
        const size_t found_semicolon = line.find("; ");
        std::string_view param = line.substr(0, found_semicolon);
        if (found_semicolon != std::string_view::npos)
          line = line.substr(found_semicolon + 2);
        else
          line = std::string_view();

        const size_t param_split = param.find('=');

        const std::string_view value = param.substr(param_split + 1);

        to_add.params.emplace(param.substr(0, param_split), trim(value));
      }
      result.emplace(key, to_add);
    }

    return result;
  }

  inline std::string_view trim(const std::string_view string,
                               const char excess = '"') const {
    if (string.length() > 1 && string[0] == excess &&
        string[string.length() - 1] == excess)
      return string.substr(1, string.length() - 2);
    return string;
  }
};
} // namespace multipart
} // namespace crow

#include <fstream>
#include <ios>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
// S_ISREG is not defined for windows
// This defines it like suggested in https://stackoverflow.com/a/62371749
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#define _CRT_INTERNAL_NONSTDC_NAMES 1
#endif
#include <sys/stat.h>
#if !defined(S_ISREG) && defined(S_IFMT) && defined(S_IFREG)
#define S_ISREG(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
#endif

namespace crow {
template <typename Adaptor, typename Handler, typename... Middlewares>
class Connection;

namespace websocket {
template <typename Adaptor, typename Handler> class Connection;
}

class Router;

/// HTTP response
struct response {
  template <typename Adaptor, typename Handler, typename... Middlewares>
  friend class crow::Connection;

  template <typename Adaptor, typename Handler>
  friend class websocket::Connection;

  friend class Router;

  int code{200};    ///< The Status code for the response.
  std::string body; ///< The actual payload containing the response data.
  ci_map headers;   ///< HTTP headers.

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION
  bool compressed = true; ///< If compression is enabled and this is false, the
                          ///< individual response will not be compressed.
#endif
  bool skip_body = false; ///< Whether this is a response to a HEAD request.
  bool manual_length_header = false; ///< Whether Crow should automatically add
                                     ///< a "Content-Length" header.

  /// Set the value of an existing header in the response.
  void set_header(std::string key, std::string value) {
    headers.erase(key);
    headers.emplace(std::move(key), std::move(value));
  }

  /// Add a new header to the response.
  void add_header(std::string key, std::string value) {
    headers.emplace(std::move(key), std::move(value));
  }

  const std::string &get_header_value(const std::string &key) {
    return crow::get_header_value(headers, key);
  }

  // naive validation of a mime-type string
  static bool validate_mime_type(const std::string &candidate) noexcept {
    // Here we simply check that the candidate type starts with
    // a valid parent type, and has at least one character afterwards.
    std::array<std::string, 10> valid_parent_types = {
        "application/", "audio/", "font/",      "example/", "image/",
        "message/",     "model/", "multipart/", "text/",    "video/"};
    for (const std::string &parent : valid_parent_types) {
      // ensure the candidate is *longer* than the parent,
      // to avoid unnecessary string comparison and to
      // reject zero-length subtypes.
      if (candidate.size() <= parent.size()) { continue; }
      // strncmp is used rather than substr to avoid allocation,
      // but a string_view approach would be better if Crow
      // migrates to C++17.
      if (strncmp(parent.c_str(), candidate.c_str(), parent.size()) == 0) {
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  // Find the mime type from the content type either by lookup,
  // or by the content type itself, if it is a valid a mime type.
  // Defaults to text/plain.
  static std::string get_mime_type(const std::string &contentType) {
    const auto mimeTypeIterator = mime_types.find(contentType);
    if (mimeTypeIterator != mime_types.end()) {
      return mimeTypeIterator->second;
    } else if (validate_mime_type(contentType)) {
      return contentType;
    } else {
      CROW_LOG_WARNING << "Unable to interpret mime type for content type '"
                       << contentType << "'. Defaulting to text/plain.";
      return "text/plain";
    }
  }

  // clang-format off
        response() {}
        explicit response(int code_) : code(code_) {}
        response(std::string body_) : body(std::move(body_)) {}
        response(int code_, std::string body_) : code(code_), body(std::move(body_)) {}
  // clang-format on
  response(returnable &&value) {
    body = value.dump();
    set_header("Content-Type", value.content_type);
  }
  response(returnable &value) {
    body = value.dump();
    set_header("Content-Type", value.content_type);
  }
  response(int code_, returnable &value) : code(code_) {
    body = value.dump();
    set_header("Content-Type", value.content_type);
  }
  response(int code_, returnable &&value) : code(code_), body(value.dump()) {
    set_header("Content-Type", std::move(value.content_type));
  }

  response(response &&r) { *this = std::move(r); }

  response(std::string contentType, std::string body_)
      : body(std::move(body_)) {
    set_header("Content-Type", get_mime_type(contentType));
  }

  response(int code_, std::string contentType, std::string body_)
      : code(code_), body(std::move(body_)) {
    set_header("Content-Type", get_mime_type(contentType));
  }

  response &operator=(const response &r) = delete;

  response &operator=(response &&r) noexcept {
    body = std::move(r.body);
    code = r.code;
    headers = std::move(r.headers);
    completed_ = r.completed_;
    file_info = std::move(r.file_info);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Check if the response has completed (whether response.end() has been
  /// called)
  bool is_completed() const noexcept { return completed_; }

  void clear() {
    body.clear();
    code = 200;
    headers.clear();
    completed_ = false;
    file_info = static_file_info{};
  }

  /// Return a "Temporary Redirect" response.

  ///
  /// Location can either be a route or a full URL.
  void redirect(const std::string &location) {
    code = 307;
    set_header("Location", location);
  }

  /// Return a "Permanent Redirect" response.

  ///
  /// Location can either be a route or a full URL.
  void redirect_perm(const std::string &location) {
    code = 308;
    set_header("Location", location);
  }

  /// Return a "Found (Moved Temporarily)" response.

  ///
  /// Location can either be a route or a full URL.
  void moved(const std::string &location) {
    code = 302;
    set_header("Location", location);
  }

  /// Return a "Moved Permanently" response.

  ///
  /// Location can either be a route or a full URL.
  void moved_perm(const std::string &location) {
    code = 301;
    set_header("Location", location);
  }

  void write(const std::string &body_part) { body += body_part; }

  /// Set the response completion flag and call the handler (to send the
  /// response).
  void end() {
    if (!completed_) {
      completed_ = true;
      if (skip_body) {
        set_header("Content-Length", std::to_string(body.size()));
        body = "";
        manual_length_header = true;
      }
      if (complete_request_handler_) {
        complete_request_handler_();
        manual_length_header = false;
        skip_body = false;
      }
    }
  }

  /// Same as end() except it adds a body part right before ending.
  void end(const std::string &body_part) {
    body += body_part;
    end();
  }

  /// Check if the connection is still alive (usually by checking the socket
  /// status).
  bool is_alive() { return is_alive_helper_ && is_alive_helper_(); }

  /// Check whether the response has a static file defined.
  bool is_static_type() { return file_info.path.size(); }

  /// This constains metadata (coming from the `stat` command) related to any
  /// static files associated with this response.

  ///
  /// Either a static file or a string body can be returned as 1 response.
  struct static_file_info {
    std::string path = "";
    struct stat statbuf;
    int statResult;
  };

  /// Return a static file as the response body, the content_type may be
  /// specified explicitly.
  void set_static_file_info(std::string path, std::string content_type = "") {
    utility::sanitize_filename(path);
    set_static_file_info_unsafe(path, content_type);
  }

  /// Return a static file as the response body without sanitizing the path (use
  /// set_static_file_info instead), the content_type may be specified
  /// explicitly.
  void set_static_file_info_unsafe(std::string path,
                                   std::string content_type = "") {
    file_info.path = path;
    file_info.statResult = stat(file_info.path.c_str(), &file_info.statbuf);
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION
    compressed = false;
#endif
    if (file_info.statResult == 0 && S_ISREG(file_info.statbuf.st_mode)) {
      code = 200;
      this->add_header("Content-Length",
                       std::to_string(file_info.statbuf.st_size));

      if (content_type.empty()) {
        std::size_t last_dot = path.find_last_of('.');
        std::string extension = path.substr(last_dot + 1);

        if (!extension.empty()) {
          this->add_header("Content-Type", get_mime_type(extension));
        }
      } else {
        this->add_header("Content-Type", content_type);
      }
    } else {
      code = 404;
      file_info.path.clear();
    }
  }

private:
  void write_header_into_buffer(std::vector<asio::const_buffer> &buffers,
                                std::string &content_length_buffer,
                                bool add_keep_alive,
                                const std::string &server_name) {
    // TODO(EDev): HTTP version in status codes should be dynamic
    // Keep in sync with common.h/status
    static std::unordered_map<int, std::string> statusCodes = {
        {status::CONTINUE, "HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n"},
        {status::SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS, "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n"},

        {status::OK, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"},
        {status::CREATED, "HTTP/1.1 201 Created\r\n"},
        {status::ACCEPTED, "HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted\r\n"},
        {status::NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION,
         "HTTP/1.1 203 Non-Authoritative Information\r\n"},
        {status::NO_CONTENT, "HTTP/1.1 204 No Content\r\n"},
        {status::RESET_CONTENT, "HTTP/1.1 205 Reset Content\r\n"},
        {status::PARTIAL_CONTENT, "HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content\r\n"},
        {status::WEBDAV_MULTI_STATUS, "HTTP/1.1 207 Multi-Status\r\n"},
        {status::MULTIPLE_CHOICES, "HTTP/1.1 300 Multiple Choices\r\n"},
        {status::MOVED_PERMANENTLY, "HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently\r\n"},
        {status::FOUND, "HTTP/1.1 302 Found\r\n"},
        {status::SEE_OTHER, "HTTP/1.1 303 See Other\r\n"},
        {status::NOT_MODIFIED, "HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified\r\n"},
        {status::TEMPORARY_REDIRECT, "HTTP/1.1 307 Temporary Redirect\r\n"},
        {status::PERMANENT_REDIRECT, "HTTP/1.1 308 Permanent Redirect\r\n"},

        {status::BAD_REQUEST, "HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n"},
        {status::UNAUTHORIZED, "HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized\r\n"},
        {status::FORBIDDEN, "HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden\r\n"},
        {status::NOT_FOUND, "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"},
        {status::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "HTTP/1.1 405 Method Not Allowed\r\n"},
        {status::NOT_ACCEPTABLE, "HTTP/1.1 406 Not Acceptable\r\n"},
        {status::PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED,
         "HTTP/1.1 407 Proxy Authentication Required\r\n"},
        {status::CONFLICT, "HTTP/1.1 409 Conflict\r\n"},
        {status::GONE, "HTTP/1.1 410 Gone\r\n"},
        {status::PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE, "HTTP/1.1 413 Payload Too Large\r\n"},
        {status::UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE,
         "HTTP/1.1 415 Unsupported Media Type\r\n"},
        {status::RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE,
         "HTTP/1.1 416 Range Not Satisfiable\r\n"},
        {status::EXPECTATION_FAILED, "HTTP/1.1 417 Expectation Failed\r\n"},
        {status::WEBDAV_PRECONDITION_FAILED,
         "HTTP/1.1 412 Precondition Failed\r\n"},
        {status::WEBDAV_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG,
         "HTTP/1.1 414 Request-URI Too Long\r\n"},
        {status::WEBDAV_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
         "HTTP/1.1 422 Unprocessable Entity\r\n"},
        {status::WEBDAV_LOCKED, "HTTP/1.1 423 Locked\r\n"},
        {status::WEBDAV_FAILED_DEPENDENCY,
         "HTTP/1.1 424 Failed Dependency\r\n"},
        {status::PRECONDITION_REQUIRED,
         "HTTP/1.1 428 Precondition Required\r\n"},
        {status::TOO_MANY_REQUESTS, "HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests\r\n"},
        {status::UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS,
         "HTTP/1.1 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons\r\n"},

        {status::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
         "HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error\r\n"},
        {status::NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "HTTP/1.1 501 Not Implemented\r\n"},
        {status::BAD_GATEWAY, "HTTP/1.1 502 Bad Gateway\r\n"},
        {status::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, "HTTP/1.1 503 Service Unavailable\r\n"},
        {status::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT, "HTTP/1.1 504 Gateway Timeout\r\n"},
        {status::VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES,
         "HTTP/1.1 506 Variant Also Negotiates\r\n"},
        {status::WEBDAV_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE,
         "HTTP/1.1 507 Insufficient Storage\r\n"},
    };

    static const std::string seperator = ": ";

    buffers.clear();
    buffers.reserve(4 * (headers.size() + 5) + 3);

    if (!statusCodes.count(code)) {
      CROW_LOG_WARNING << this << " status code "
                       << "(" << code << ")"
                       << " not defined, returning 500 instead";
      code = 500;
    }

    auto &status = statusCodes.find(code)->second;
    buffers.emplace_back(status.data(), status.size());

    if (code >= 400 && body.empty()) body = statusCodes[code].substr(9);

    for (auto &kv : headers) {
      buffers.emplace_back(kv.first.data(), kv.first.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(seperator.data(), seperator.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(kv.second.data(), kv.second.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(crlf.data(), crlf.size());
    }

    if (!manual_length_header && !headers.count("content-length")) {
      content_length_buffer = std::to_string(body.size());
      static std::string content_length_tag = "Content-Length: ";
      buffers.emplace_back(content_length_tag.data(),
                           content_length_tag.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(content_length_buffer.data(),
                           content_length_buffer.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(crlf.data(), crlf.size());
    }
    if (!headers.count("server") && !server_name.empty()) {
      static std::string server_tag = "Server: ";
      buffers.emplace_back(server_tag.data(), server_tag.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(server_name.data(), server_name.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(crlf.data(), crlf.size());
    }
    /*if (!headers.count("date"))
    {
        static std::string date_tag = "Date: ";
        date_str_ = get_cached_date_str();
        buffers.emplace_back(date_tag.data(), date_tag.size());
        buffers.emplace_back(date_str_.data(), date_str_.size());
        buffers.emplace_back(crlf.data(), crlf.size());
    }*/
    if (add_keep_alive) {
      static std::string keep_alive_tag = "Connection: Keep-Alive";
      buffers.emplace_back(keep_alive_tag.data(), keep_alive_tag.size());
      buffers.emplace_back(crlf.data(), crlf.size());
    }

    buffers.emplace_back(crlf.data(), crlf.size());
  }

  bool completed_{};
  std::function<void()> complete_request_handler_;
  std::function<bool()> is_alive_helper_;
  static_file_info file_info;
};
} // namespace crow

#include <iomanip>
#include <memory>

namespace crow {
// Any middleware requires following 3 members:

// struct context;
//      storing data for the middleware; can be read from another middleware or
//      handlers

// before_handle
//      called before handling the request.
//      if res.end() is called, the operation is halted.
//      (still call after_handle of this middleware)
//      2 signatures:
//      void before_handle(request& req, response& res, context& ctx)
//          if you only need to access this middlewares context.
//      template <typename AllContext>
//      void before_handle(request& req, response& res, context& ctx,
//      AllContext& all_ctx)
//          you can access another middlewares' context by calling
//          `all_ctx.template get<MW>()' ctx == all_ctx.template
//          get<CurrentMiddleware>()

// after_handle
//      called after handling the request.
//      void after_handle(request& req, response& res, context& ctx)
//      template <typename AllContext>
//      void after_handle(request& req, response& res, context& ctx, AllContext&
//      all_ctx)

struct CookieParser {
  // Cookie stores key, value and attributes
  struct Cookie {
    enum class SameSitePolicy { Strict, Lax, None };

    template <typename U> Cookie(const std::string &key, U &&value) : Cookie() {
      key_ = key;
      value_ = std::forward<U>(value);
    }

    Cookie(const std::string &key) : Cookie(key, "") {}

    // format cookie to HTTP header format
    std::string dump() const {
      const static char *HTTP_DATE_FORMAT = "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT";

      std::stringstream ss;
      ss << key_ << '=';
      ss << (value_.empty() ? "\"\"" : value_);
      dumpString(ss, !domain_.empty(), "Domain=", domain_);
      dumpString(ss, !path_.empty(), "Path=", path_);
      dumpString(ss, secure_, "Secure");
      dumpString(ss, httponly_, "HttpOnly");
      if (expires_at_) {
        ss << DIVIDER
           << "Expires=" << std::put_time(expires_at_.get(), HTTP_DATE_FORMAT);
      }
      if (max_age_) { ss << DIVIDER << "Max-Age=" << *max_age_; }
      if (same_site_) {
        ss << DIVIDER << "SameSite=";
        switch (*same_site_) {
        case SameSitePolicy::Strict: ss << "Strict"; break;
        case SameSitePolicy::Lax: ss << "Lax"; break;
        case SameSitePolicy::None: ss << "None"; break;
        }
      }
      return ss.str();
    }

    const std::string &name() { return key_; }

    template <typename U> Cookie &value(U &&value) {
      value_ = std::forward<U>(value);
      return *this;
    }

    // Expires attribute
    Cookie &expires(const std::tm &time) {
      expires_at_ = std::unique_ptr<std::tm>(new std::tm(time));
      return *this;
    }

    // Max-Age attribute
    Cookie &max_age(long long seconds) {
      max_age_ = std::unique_ptr<long long>(new long long(seconds));
      return *this;
    }

    // Domain attribute
    Cookie &domain(const std::string &name) {
      domain_ = name;
      return *this;
    }

    // Path attribute
    Cookie &path(const std::string &path) {
      path_ = path;
      return *this;
    }

    // Secured attribute
    Cookie &secure() {
      secure_ = true;
      return *this;
    }

    // HttpOnly attribute
    Cookie &httponly() {
      httponly_ = true;
      return *this;
    }

    // SameSite attribute
    Cookie &same_site(SameSitePolicy ssp) {
      same_site_ = std::unique_ptr<SameSitePolicy>(new SameSitePolicy(ssp));
      return *this;
    }

    Cookie(const Cookie &c)
        : key_(c.key_), value_(c.value_), domain_(c.domain_), path_(c.path_),
          secure_(c.secure_), httponly_(c.httponly_) {
      if (c.max_age_)
        max_age_ = std::unique_ptr<long long>(new long long(*c.max_age_));

      if (c.expires_at_)
        expires_at_ = std::unique_ptr<std::tm>(new std::tm(*c.expires_at_));

      if (c.same_site_)
        same_site_ =
            std::unique_ptr<SameSitePolicy>(new SameSitePolicy(*c.same_site_));
    }

  private:
    Cookie() = default;

    static void dumpString(std::stringstream &ss, bool cond, const char *prefix,
                           const std::string &value = "") {
      if (cond) { ss << DIVIDER << prefix << value; }
    }

  private:
    std::string key_;
    std::string value_;
    std::unique_ptr<long long> max_age_{};
    std::string domain_ = "";
    std::string path_ = "";
    bool secure_ = false;
    bool httponly_ = false;
    std::unique_ptr<std::tm> expires_at_{};
    std::unique_ptr<SameSitePolicy> same_site_{};

    static constexpr const char *DIVIDER = "; ";
  };

  struct context {
    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> jar;

    std::string get_cookie(const std::string &key) const {
      auto cookie = jar.find(key);
      if (cookie != jar.end()) return cookie->second;
      return {};
    }

    template <typename U>
    Cookie &set_cookie(const std::string &key, U &&value) {
      cookies_to_add.emplace_back(key, std::forward<U>(value));
      return cookies_to_add.back();
    }

    Cookie &set_cookie(Cookie cookie) {
      cookies_to_add.push_back(std::move(cookie));
      return cookies_to_add.back();
    }

  private:
    friend struct CookieParser;
    std::vector<Cookie> cookies_to_add;
  };

  void before_handle(request &req, response &res, context &ctx) {
    const int count = req.headers.count("Cookie");
    if (!count) return;
    if (count > 1) {
      res.code = 400;
      res.end();
      return;
    }

    const std::string_view cookies_sv = req.get_header_value("Cookie");

    size_t pos = 0;
    while (pos < cookies_sv.size()) {
      const size_t pos_equal = cookies_sv.find('=', pos);
      if (pos_equal == std::string_view::npos) { break; }

      std::string_view name_sv = cookies_sv.substr(pos, pos_equal - pos);
      name_sv = utility::trim(name_sv);

      pos = pos_equal + 1;
      if (pos == cookies_sv.size()) { break; }

      const size_t pos_semicolon = cookies_sv.find(';', pos);
      std::string_view value_sv;

      if (pos_semicolon == std::string_view::npos) {
        value_sv = cookies_sv.substr(pos);
        pos = cookies_sv.size();
      } else {
        value_sv = cookies_sv.substr(pos, pos_semicolon - pos);
        pos = pos_semicolon + 1;
      }

      value_sv = utility::trim(value_sv);

      if (!value_sv.empty() && value_sv.front() == '"' &&
          value_sv.back() == '"') {
        if (value_sv.size() >= 2) {
          value_sv.remove_prefix(1);
          value_sv.remove_suffix(1);
        } else {
          value_sv = value_sv.substr(0, 0);
        }
      }

      ctx.jar.emplace(std::string(name_sv), std::string(value_sv));
    }
  }

  void after_handle(request & /*req*/, response &res, context &ctx) {
    for (const auto &cookie : ctx.cookies_to_add) {
      res.add_header("Set-Cookie", cookie.dump());
    }
  }
};

/*
App<CookieParser, AnotherJarMW> app;
A B C
A::context
    int aa;

ctx1 : public A::context
ctx2 : public ctx1, public B::context
ctx3 : public ctx2, public C::context

C depends on A

C::handle
    context.aaa

App::context : private CookieParser::context, ...
{
    jar

}

SimpleApp
*/
} // namespace crow

namespace crow {

struct UTF8 {
  struct context {};

  void before_handle(request & /*req*/, response & /*res*/, context & /*ctx*/) {
  }

  void after_handle(request & /*req*/, response &res, context & /*ctx*/) {
    if (get_header_value(res.headers, "Content-Type").empty()) {
      res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8");
    }
  }
};

} // namespace crow

#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>

#include <cstdio>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <string>

#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>

#include <chrono>
#include <functional>
#include <type_traits>

#include <variant>

namespace {
// convert all integer values to int64_t
template <typename T>
using wrap_integral_t =
    typename std::conditional<std::is_integral<T>::value &&
                                  !std::is_same<bool, T>::value
                                  // except for uint64_t because that could lead
                                  // to overflow on conversion
                                  && !std::is_same<uint64_t, T>::value,
                              int64_t, T>::type;

// convert char[]/char* to std::string
template <typename T>
using wrap_char_t = typename std::conditional<
    std::is_same<typename std::decay<T>::type, char *>::value, std::string,
    T>::type;

// Upgrade to correct type for multi_variant use
template <typename T> using wrap_mv_t = wrap_char_t<wrap_integral_t<T>>;
} // namespace

namespace crow {
namespace session {

using multi_value_types = black_magic::S<bool, int64_t, double, std::string>;

/// A multi_value is a safe variant wrapper with json conversion support
struct multi_value {
  json::wvalue json() const {
    // clang-format off
                return std::visit([](auto arg) {
                    return json::wvalue(arg);
                }, v_);
    // clang-format on
  }

  static multi_value from_json(const json::rvalue &);

  std::string string() const {
    // clang-format off
                return std::visit([](auto arg) {
                    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<decltype(arg), std::string>)
                        return arg;
                    else
                        return std::to_string(arg);
                }, v_);
    // clang-format on
  }

  template <typename T, typename RT = wrap_mv_t<T>> RT get(const T &fallback) {
    if (const RT *val = std::get_if<RT>(&v_)) return *val;
    return fallback;
  }

  template <typename T, typename RT = wrap_mv_t<T>> void set(T val) {
    v_ = RT(std::move(val));
  }

  typename multi_value_types::rebind<std::variant> v_;
};

inline multi_value multi_value::from_json(const json::rvalue &rv) {
  using namespace json;
  switch (rv.t()) {
  case type::Number: {
    if (rv.nt() == num_type::Floating_point ||
        rv.nt() == num_type::Double_precision_floating_point)
      return multi_value{rv.d()};
    else if (rv.nt() == num_type::Unsigned_integer)
      return multi_value{int64_t(rv.u())};
    else
      return multi_value{rv.i()};
  }
  case type::False: return multi_value{false};
  case type::True: return multi_value{true};
  case type::String: return multi_value{std::string(rv)};
  default: return multi_value{false};
  }
}

/// Expiration tracker keeps track of soonest-to-expire keys
struct ExpirationTracker {
  using DataPair = std::pair<uint64_t /*time*/, std::string /*key*/>;

  /// Add key with time to tracker.
  /// If the key is already present, it will be updated
  void add(std::string key, uint64_t time) {
    auto it = times_.find(key);
    if (it != times_.end()) remove(key);
    times_[key] = time;
    queue_.insert({time, std::move(key)});
  }

  void remove(const std::string &key) {
    auto it = times_.find(key);
    if (it != times_.end()) {
      queue_.erase({it->second, key});
      times_.erase(it);
    }
  }

  /// Get expiration time of soonest-to-expire entry
  uint64_t peek_first() const {
    if (queue_.empty()) return std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();
    return queue_.begin()->first;
  }

  std::string pop_first() {
    auto it = times_.find(queue_.begin()->second);
    auto key = it->first;
    times_.erase(it);
    queue_.erase(queue_.begin());
    return key;
  }

  using iterator = typename std::set<DataPair>::const_iterator;

  iterator begin() const { return queue_.cbegin(); }

  iterator end() const { return queue_.cend(); }

private:
  std::set<DataPair> queue_;
  std::unordered_map<std::string, uint64_t> times_;
};

/// CachedSessions are shared across requests
struct CachedSession {
  std::string session_id;
  std::string requested_session_id; // session hasn't been created yet, but a
                                    // key was requested

  std::unordered_map<std::string, multi_value> entries;
  std::unordered_set<std::string>
      dirty; // values that were changed after last load

  void *store_data;
  bool requested_refresh;

  // number of references held - used for correctly destroying the cache.
  // No need to be atomic, all SessionMiddleware accesses are synchronized
  int referrers;
  std::recursive_mutex mutex;
};
} // namespace session

// SessionMiddleware allows storing securely and easily small snippets of user
// information
template <typename Store> struct SessionMiddleware {
  using lock = std::scoped_lock<std::mutex>;
  using rc_lock = std::scoped_lock<std::recursive_mutex>;

  struct context {
    // Get a mutex for locking this session
    std::recursive_mutex &mutex() {
      check_node();
      return node->mutex;
    }

    // Check whether this session is already present
    bool exists() { return bool(node); }

    // Get a value by key or fallback if it doesn't exist or is of another type
    template <typename F>
    auto get(const std::string &key, const F &fallback = F())
        // This trick lets the multi_value deduce the return type from the
        // fallback which allows both:
        //   context.get<std::string>("key")
        //   context.get("key", "") -> char[] is transformed into string by
        //   multivalue
        // to return a string
        -> decltype(std::declval<session::multi_value>().get<F>(
            std::declval<F>())) {
      if (!node) return fallback;
      rc_lock l(node->mutex);

      auto it = node->entries.find(key);
      if (it != node->entries.end()) return it->second.get<F>(fallback);
      return fallback;
    }

    // Set a value by key
    template <typename T> void set(const std::string &key, T value) {
      check_node();
      rc_lock l(node->mutex);

      node->dirty.insert(key);
      node->entries[key].set(std::move(value));
    }

    bool contains(const std::string &key) {
      if (!node) return false;
      return node->entries.find(key) != node->entries.end();
    }

    // Atomically mutate a value with a function
    template <typename Func> void apply(const std::string &key, const Func &f) {
      using traits = utility::function_traits<Func>;
      using arg = typename std::decay<typename traits::template arg<0>>::type;
      using retv = typename std::decay<typename traits::result_type>::type;
      check_node();
      rc_lock l(node->mutex);
      node->dirty.insert(key);
      node->entries[key].set<retv>(f(node->entries[key].get(arg{})));
    }

    // Remove a value from the session
    void remove(const std::string &key) {
      if (!node) return;
      rc_lock l(node->mutex);
      node->dirty.insert(key);
      node->entries.erase(key);
    }

    // Format value by key as a string
    std::string string(const std::string &key) {
      if (!node) return "";
      rc_lock l(node->mutex);

      auto it = node->entries.find(key);
      if (it != node->entries.end()) return it->second.string();
      return "";
    }

    // Get a list of keys present in session
    std::vector<std::string> keys() {
      if (!node) return {};
      rc_lock l(node->mutex);

      std::vector<std::string> out;
      for (const auto &p : node->entries)
        out.push_back(p.first);
      return out;
    }

    // Delay expiration by issuing another cookie with an updated expiration
    // time and notifying the store
    void refresh_expiration() {
      if (!node) return;
      node->requested_refresh = true;
    }

  private:
    friend struct SessionMiddleware;

    void check_node() {
      if (!node) node = std::make_shared<session::CachedSession>();
    }

    std::shared_ptr<session::CachedSession> node;
  };

  template <typename... Ts>
  SessionMiddleware(CookieParser::Cookie cookie, int id_length, Ts... ts)
      : id_length_(id_length), cookie_(cookie), store_(std::forward<Ts>(ts)...),
        mutex_(new std::mutex{}) {}

  template <typename... Ts>
  SessionMiddleware(Ts... ts)
      : SessionMiddleware(
            CookieParser::Cookie("session").path("/").max_age(/*month*/ 30 *
                                                              24 * 60 * 60),
            /*id_length */ 20, // around 10^34 possible combinations, but small
                               // enough to fit into SSO
            std::forward<Ts>(ts)...) {}

  template <typename AllContext>
  void before_handle(request & /*req*/, response & /*res*/, context &ctx,
                     AllContext &all_ctx) {
    lock l(*mutex_);

    auto &cookies = all_ctx.template get<CookieParser>();
    auto session_id = load_id(cookies);
    if (session_id == "") return;

    // search entry in cache
    auto it = cache_.find(session_id);
    if (it != cache_.end()) {
      it->second->referrers++;
      ctx.node = it->second;
      return;
    }

    // check this is a valid entry before loading
    if (!store_.contains(session_id)) return;

    auto node = std::make_shared<session::CachedSession>();
    node->session_id = session_id;
    node->referrers = 1;

    try {
      store_.load(*node);
    } catch (...) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Exception occurred during session load";
      return;
    }

    ctx.node = node;
    cache_[session_id] = node;
  }

  template <typename AllContext>
  void after_handle(request & /*req*/, response & /*res*/, context &ctx,
                    AllContext &all_ctx) {
    lock l(*mutex_);
    if (!ctx.node || --ctx.node->referrers > 0) return;
    ctx.node->requested_refresh |= ctx.node->session_id == "";

    // generate new id
    if (ctx.node->session_id == "") {
      // check for requested id
      ctx.node->session_id = std::move(ctx.node->requested_session_id);
      if (ctx.node->session_id == "") {
        ctx.node->session_id = utility::random_alphanum(id_length_);
      }
    } else {
      cache_.erase(ctx.node->session_id);
    }

    if (ctx.node->requested_refresh) {
      auto &cookies = all_ctx.template get<CookieParser>();
      store_id(cookies, ctx.node->session_id);
    }

    try {
      store_.save(*ctx.node);
    } catch (...) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Exception occurred during session save";
      return;
    }
  }

private:
  std::string next_id() {
    std::string id;
    do {
      id = utility::random_alphanum(id_length_);
    } while (store_.contains(id));
    return id;
  }

  std::string load_id(const CookieParser::context &cookies) {
    return cookies.get_cookie(cookie_.name());
  }

  void store_id(CookieParser::context &cookies, const std::string &session_id) {
    cookie_.value(session_id);
    cookies.set_cookie(cookie_);
  }

private:
  int id_length_;

  // prototype for cookie
  CookieParser::Cookie cookie_;

  Store store_;

  // mutexes are immovable
  std::unique_ptr<std::mutex> mutex_;
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<session::CachedSession>>
      cache_;
};

/// InMemoryStore stores all entries in memory
struct InMemoryStore {
  // Load a value into the session cache.
  // A load is always followed by a save, no loads happen consecutively
  void load(session::CachedSession &cn) {
    // load & stores happen sequentially, so moving is safe
    cn.entries = std::move(entries[cn.session_id]);
  }

  // Persist session data
  void save(session::CachedSession &cn) {
    entries[cn.session_id] = std::move(cn.entries);
    // cn.dirty is a list of changed keys since the last load
  }

  bool contains(const std::string &key) { return entries.count(key) > 0; }

  std::unordered_map<std::string,
                     std::unordered_map<std::string, session::multi_value>>
      entries;
};

// FileStore stores all data as json files in a folder.
// Files are deleted after expiration. Expiration refreshes are automatically
// picked up.
struct FileStore {
  FileStore(const std::string &folder,
            uint64_t expiration_seconds = /*month*/ 30 * 24 * 60 * 60)
      : path_(folder), expiration_seconds_(expiration_seconds) {
    std::ifstream ifs(get_filename(".expirations", false));

    auto current_ts = chrono_time();
    std::string key;
    uint64_t time;
    while (ifs >> key >> time) {
      if (current_ts > time) {
        evict(key);
      } else if (contains(key)) {
        expirations_.add(key, time);
      }
    }
  }

  ~FileStore() {
    std::ofstream ofs(get_filename(".expirations", false), std::ios::trunc);
    for (const auto &p : expirations_)
      ofs << p.second << " " << p.first << "\n";
  }

  // Delete expired entries
  // At most 3 to prevent freezes
  void handle_expired() {
    int deleted = 0;
    auto current_ts = chrono_time();
    while (current_ts > expirations_.peek_first() && deleted < 3) {
      evict(expirations_.pop_first());
      deleted++;
    }
  }

  void load(session::CachedSession &cn) {
    handle_expired();

    std::ifstream file(get_filename(cn.session_id));

    std::stringstream buffer;
    buffer << file.rdbuf() << std::endl;

    for (const auto &p : json::load(buffer.str()))
      cn.entries[p.key()] = session::multi_value::from_json(p);
  }

  void save(session::CachedSession &cn) {
    if (cn.requested_refresh)
      expirations_.add(cn.session_id, chrono_time() + expiration_seconds_);
    if (cn.dirty.empty()) return;

    std::ofstream file(get_filename(cn.session_id));
    json::wvalue jw;
    for (const auto &p : cn.entries)
      jw[p.first] = p.second.json();
    file << jw.dump() << std::flush;
  }

  std::string get_filename(const std::string &key, bool suffix = true) {
    return utility::join_path(path_, key + (suffix ? ".json" : ""));
  }

  bool contains(const std::string &key) {
    std::ifstream file(get_filename(key));
    return file.good();
  }

  void evict(const std::string &key) { std::remove(get_filename(key).c_str()); }

  uint64_t chrono_time() const {
    return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(
               std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
        .count();
  }

  std::string path_;
  uint64_t expiration_seconds_;
  session::ExpirationTracker expirations_;
};

} // namespace crow

#include <iostream>
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>

namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{

/// Local middleware should extend ILocalMiddleware
struct ILocalMiddleware {
  using call_global = std::false_type;
};

namespace detail {
template <typename MW> struct check_before_handle_arity_3_const {
  template <typename T,
            void (T::*)(request &, response &, typename MW::context &) const =
                &T::before_handle>
  struct get {};
};

template <typename MW> struct check_before_handle_arity_3 {
  template <typename T, void (T::*)(request &, response &,
                                    typename MW::context &) = &T::before_handle>
  struct get {};
};

template <typename MW> struct check_after_handle_arity_3_const {
  template <typename T,
            void (T::*)(request &, response &, typename MW::context &) const =
                &T::after_handle>
  struct get {};
};

template <typename MW> struct check_after_handle_arity_3 {
  template <typename T, void (T::*)(request &, response &,
                                    typename MW::context &) = &T::after_handle>
  struct get {};
};

template <typename MW> struct check_global_call_false {
  template <typename T, typename std::enable_if<T::call_global::value == false,
                                                bool>::type = true>
  struct get {};
};

template <typename T> struct is_before_handle_arity_3_impl {
  template <typename C>
  static std::true_type
  f(typename check_before_handle_arity_3_const<T>::template get<C> *);

  template <typename C>
  static std::true_type
  f(typename check_before_handle_arity_3<T>::template get<C> *);

  template <typename C> static std::false_type f(...);

public:
  static const bool value = decltype(f<T>(nullptr))::value;
};

template <typename T> struct is_after_handle_arity_3_impl {
  template <typename C>
  static std::true_type
  f(typename check_after_handle_arity_3_const<T>::template get<C> *);

  template <typename C>
  static std::true_type
  f(typename check_after_handle_arity_3<T>::template get<C> *);

  template <typename C> static std::false_type f(...);

public:
  static constexpr bool value = decltype(f<T>(nullptr))::value;
};

template <typename MW> struct is_middleware_global {
  template <typename C>
  static std::false_type
  f(typename check_global_call_false<MW>::template get<C> *);

  template <typename C> static std::true_type f(...);

  static const bool value = decltype(f<MW>(nullptr))::value;
};

template <typename MW, typename Context, typename ParentContext>
typename std::enable_if<!is_before_handle_arity_3_impl<MW>::value>::type
before_handler_call(MW &mw, request &req, response &res, Context &ctx,
                    ParentContext & /*parent_ctx*/) {
  mw.before_handle(req, res, ctx.template get<MW>(), ctx);
}

template <typename MW, typename Context, typename ParentContext>
typename std::enable_if<is_before_handle_arity_3_impl<MW>::value>::type
before_handler_call(MW &mw, request &req, response &res, Context &ctx,
                    ParentContext & /*parent_ctx*/) {
  mw.before_handle(req, res, ctx.template get<MW>());
}

template <typename MW, typename Context, typename ParentContext>
typename std::enable_if<!is_after_handle_arity_3_impl<MW>::value>::type
after_handler_call(MW &mw, request &req, response &res, Context &ctx,
                   ParentContext & /*parent_ctx*/) {
  mw.after_handle(req, res, ctx.template get<MW>(), ctx);
}

template <typename MW, typename Context, typename ParentContext>
typename std::enable_if<is_after_handle_arity_3_impl<MW>::value>::type
after_handler_call(MW &mw, request &req, response &res, Context &ctx,
                   ParentContext & /*parent_ctx*/) {
  mw.after_handle(req, res, ctx.template get<MW>());
}

template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
typename std::enable_if<
    (N <
     std::tuple_size<typename std::remove_reference<Container>::type>::value),
    bool>::type
middleware_call_helper(const CallCriteria &cc, Container &middlewares,
                       request &req, response &res, Context &ctx) {

  using CurrentMW = typename std::tuple_element<
      N, typename std::remove_reference<Container>::type>::type;

  if (!cc.template enabled<CurrentMW>(N)) {
    return middleware_call_helper<CallCriteria, N + 1, Context, Container>(
        cc, middlewares, req, res, ctx);
  }

  using parent_context_t = typename Context::template partial<N - 1>;
  before_handler_call<CurrentMW, Context, parent_context_t>(
      std::get<N>(middlewares), req, res, ctx,
      static_cast<parent_context_t &>(ctx));
  if (res.is_completed()) {
    after_handler_call<CurrentMW, Context, parent_context_t>(
        std::get<N>(middlewares), req, res, ctx,
        static_cast<parent_context_t &>(ctx));
    return true;
  }

  if (middleware_call_helper<CallCriteria, N + 1, Context, Container>(
          cc, middlewares, req, res, ctx)) {
    after_handler_call<CurrentMW, Context, parent_context_t>(
        std::get<N>(middlewares), req, res, ctx,
        static_cast<parent_context_t &>(ctx));
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
typename std::enable_if<
    (N >=
     std::tuple_size<typename std::remove_reference<Container>::type>::value),
    bool>::type
middleware_call_helper(const CallCriteria & /*cc*/, Container & /*middlewares*/,
                       request & /*req*/, response & /*res*/,
                       Context & /*ctx*/) {
  return false;
}

template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
typename std::enable_if<(N < 0)>::type
after_handlers_call_helper(const CallCriteria & /*cc*/,
                           Container & /*middlewares*/, Context & /*context*/,
                           request & /*req*/, response & /*res*/) {}

template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
typename std::enable_if<(N == 0)>::type
after_handlers_call_helper(const CallCriteria &cc, Container &middlewares,
                           Context &ctx, request &req, response &res) {
  using parent_context_t = typename Context::template partial<N - 1>;
  using CurrentMW = typename std::tuple_element<
      N, typename std::remove_reference<Container>::type>::type;
  if (cc.template enabled<CurrentMW>(N)) {
    after_handler_call<CurrentMW, Context, parent_context_t>(
        std::get<N>(middlewares), req, res, ctx,
        static_cast<parent_context_t &>(ctx));
  }
}

template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
typename std::enable_if<(N > 0)>::type
after_handlers_call_helper(const CallCriteria &cc, Container &middlewares,
                           Context &ctx, request &req, response &res) {
  using parent_context_t = typename Context::template partial<N - 1>;
  using CurrentMW = typename std::tuple_element<
      N, typename std::remove_reference<Container>::type>::type;
  if (cc.template enabled<CurrentMW>(N)) {
    after_handler_call<CurrentMW, Context, parent_context_t>(
        std::get<N>(middlewares), req, res, ctx,
        static_cast<parent_context_t &>(ctx));
  }
  after_handlers_call_helper<CallCriteria, N - 1, Context, Container>(
      cc, middlewares, ctx, req, res);
}

// A CallCriteria that accepts only global middleware
struct middleware_call_criteria_only_global {
  template <typename MW> constexpr bool enabled(int) const {
    return is_middleware_global<MW>::value;
  }
};

template <typename F, typename... Args>
typename std::enable_if<
    black_magic::CallHelper<F, black_magic::S<Args...>>::value, void>::type
wrapped_handler_call(crow::request & /*req*/, crow::response &res, const F &f,
                     Args &&...args) {
  static_assert(
      !std::is_same<void, decltype(f(std::declval<Args>()...))>::value,
      "Handler function cannot have void return type; valid return types: "
      "string, int, crow::response, crow::returnable");

  res = crow::response(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
  res.end();
}

template <typename F, typename... Args>
typename std::enable_if<
    !black_magic::CallHelper<F, black_magic::S<Args...>>::value &&
        black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<crow::request &, Args...>>::value,
    void>::type
wrapped_handler_call(crow::request &req, crow::response &res, const F &f,
                     Args &&...args) {
  static_assert(
      !std::is_same<void, decltype(f(std::declval<crow::request>(),
                                     std::declval<Args>()...))>::value,
      "Handler function cannot have void return type; valid return types: "
      "string, int, crow::response, crow::returnable");

  res = crow::response(f(req, std::forward<Args>(args)...));
  res.end();
}

template <typename F, typename... Args>
typename std::enable_if<
    !black_magic::CallHelper<F, black_magic::S<Args...>>::value &&
        !black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<crow::request &, Args...>>::value &&
        black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<crow::response &, Args...>>::value,
    void>::type
wrapped_handler_call(crow::request & /*req*/, crow::response &res, const F &f,
                     Args &&...args) {
  static_assert(
      std::is_same<void, decltype(f(std::declval<crow::response &>(),
                                    std::declval<Args>()...))>::value,
      "Handler function with response argument should have void return type");

  f(res, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}

template <typename F, typename... Args>
typename std::enable_if<
    !black_magic::CallHelper<F, black_magic::S<Args...>>::value &&
        !black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<crow::request &, Args...>>::value &&
        !black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<crow::response &, Args...>>::value &&
        black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<const crow::request &, crow::response &,
                              Args...>>::value,
    void>::type
wrapped_handler_call(crow::request &req, crow::response &res, const F &f,
                     Args &&...args) {
  static_assert(
      std::is_same<void, decltype(f(std::declval<crow::request &>(),
                                    std::declval<crow::response &>(),
                                    std::declval<Args>()...))>::value,
      "Handler function with response argument should have void return type");

  f(req, res, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}

// wrapped_handler_call transparently wraps a handler call behind (req, res,
// args...)
template <typename F, typename... Args>
typename std::enable_if<
    !black_magic::CallHelper<F, black_magic::S<Args...>>::value &&
        !black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<crow::request &, Args...>>::value &&
        !black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<crow::response &, Args...>>::value &&
        !black_magic::CallHelper<
            F, black_magic::S<const crow::request &, crow::response &,
                              Args...>>::value,
    void>::type
wrapped_handler_call(crow::request &req, crow::response &res, const F &f,
                     Args &&...args) {
  static_assert(
      std::is_same<void, decltype(f(std::declval<crow::request &>(),
                                    std::declval<crow::response &>(),
                                    std::declval<Args>()...))>::value,
      "Handler function with response argument should have void return type");

  f(req, res, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}

template <bool Reversed> struct middleware_call_criteria_dynamic {};

template <> struct middleware_call_criteria_dynamic<false> {
  middleware_call_criteria_dynamic(const std::vector<int> &indices_)
      : indices(indices_), slider(0) {}

  template <typename> bool enabled(int mw_index) const {
    if (slider < int(indices.size()) && indices[slider] == mw_index) {
      slider++;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

private:
  const std::vector<int> &indices;
  mutable int slider;
};

template <> struct middleware_call_criteria_dynamic<true> {
  middleware_call_criteria_dynamic(const std::vector<int> &indices_)
      : indices(indices_), slider(int(indices_.size()) - 1) {}

  template <typename> bool enabled(int mw_index) const {
    if (slider >= 0 && indices[slider] == mw_index) {
      slider--;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

private:
  const std::vector<int> &indices;
  mutable int slider;
};

} // namespace detail
} // namespace crow

namespace crow {
namespace detail {

template <typename... Middlewares>
struct partial_context
    : public black_magic::pop_back<Middlewares...>::template rebind<
          partial_context>,
      public black_magic::last_element_type<Middlewares...>::type::context {
  using parent_context = typename black_magic::pop_back<
      Middlewares...>::template rebind<::crow::detail::partial_context>;
  template <int N>
  using partial = typename std::conditional<
      N == sizeof...(Middlewares) - 1, partial_context,
      typename parent_context::template partial<N>>::type;

  template <typename T> typename T::context &get() {
    return static_cast<typename T::context &>(*this);
  }
};

template <> struct partial_context<> {
  template <int> using partial = partial_context;
};

template <typename... Middlewares>
struct context : private partial_context<Middlewares...>
// struct context : private Middlewares::context... // simple but less type-safe
{
  template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
  friend typename std::enable_if<(N == 0)>::type
  after_handlers_call_helper(const CallCriteria &cc, Container &middlewares,
                             Context &ctx, request &req, response &res);
  template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
  friend typename std::enable_if<(N > 0)>::type
  after_handlers_call_helper(const CallCriteria &cc, Container &middlewares,
                             Context &ctx, request &req, response &res);

  template <typename CallCriteria, int N, typename Context, typename Container>
  friend typename std::enable_if<
      (N <
       std::tuple_size<typename std::remove_reference<Container>::type>::value),
      bool>::type
  middleware_call_helper(const CallCriteria &cc, Container &middlewares,
                         request &req, response &res, Context &ctx);

  template <typename T> typename T::context &get() {
    return static_cast<typename T::context &>(*this);
  }

  template <int N>
  using partial = typename partial_context<Middlewares...>::template partial<N>;
};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace crow

#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#else
#ifndef ASIO_STANDALONE
#define ASIO_STANDALONE
#endif
#include <asio.hpp>
#endif

#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>

namespace crow {
#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
namespace asio = boost::asio;
using error_code = boost::system::error_code;
#else
using error_code = asio::error_code;
#endif
using tcp = asio::ip::tcp;

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
static std::atomic<int> connectionCount;
#endif

/// An HTTP connection.
template <typename Adaptor, typename Handler, typename... Middlewares>
class Connection : public std::enable_shared_from_this<
                       Connection<Adaptor, Handler, Middlewares...>> {
  friend struct crow::response;

public:
  Connection(asio::io_context &io_context, Handler *handler,
             const std::string &server_name,
             std::tuple<Middlewares...> *middlewares,
             std::function<std::string()> &get_cached_date_str_f,
             detail::task_timer &task_timer,
             typename Adaptor::context *adaptor_ctx_,
             std::atomic<unsigned int> &queue_length)
      : adaptor_(io_context, adaptor_ctx_), handler_(handler), parser_(this),
        req_(parser_.req), server_name_(server_name), middlewares_(middlewares),
        get_cached_date_str(get_cached_date_str_f), task_timer_(task_timer),
        res_stream_threshold_(handler->stream_threshold()),
        queue_length_(queue_length) {
    queue_length_++;
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
    connectionCount++;
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Connection (" << this
                   << ") allocated, total: " << connectionCount;
#endif
  }

  ~Connection() {
    queue_length_--;
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
    connectionCount--;
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Connection (" << this
                   << ") freed, total: " << connectionCount;
#endif
  }

  /// The TCP socket on top of which the connection is established.
  decltype(std::declval<Adaptor>().raw_socket()) &socket() {
    return adaptor_.raw_socket();
  }

  void start() {
    auto self = this->shared_from_this();
    adaptor_.start([self](const error_code &ec) {
      if (!ec) {
        self->start_deadline();
        self->parser_.clear();

        self->do_read();
      } else {
        CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Could not start adaptor: " << ec.message();
      }
    });
  }

  void handle_url() {
    routing_handle_result_ = handler_->handle_initial(req_, res);
    // if no route is found for the request method, return the response without
    // parsing or processing anything further.
    if (!routing_handle_result_->rule_index &&
        !routing_handle_result_->catch_all) {
      parser_.done();
      need_to_call_after_handlers_ = true;
      complete_request();
    }
  }

  void handle_header() {
    // HTTP 1.1 Expect: 100-continue
    if (req_.http_ver_major == 1 && req_.http_ver_minor == 1 &&
        get_header_value(req_.headers, "expect") == "100-continue") {
      continue_requested = true;
      buffers_.clear();
      static const std::string expect_100_continue =
          "HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n";
      buffers_.emplace_back(expect_100_continue.data(),
                            expect_100_continue.size());
      error_code ec = do_write_sync(buffers_);
      if (ec) {
        CROW_LOG_ERROR << ec
                       << " buffer write error happened while handling sending "
                          "continuation buffer header";
      }
    }
  }

  void handle() {
    // TODO(EDev): cancel_deadline_timer should be looked into, it might be a
    // good idea to add it to handle_url() and then restart the timer once
    // everything passes
    cancel_deadline_timer();
    bool is_invalid_request = false;
    add_keep_alive_ = false;

    // Create context
    ctx_ = detail::context<Middlewares...>();
    req_.middleware_context = static_cast<void *>(&ctx_);
    req_.middleware_container = static_cast<void *>(middlewares_);
    req_.io_context = &adaptor_.get_io_context();
    req_.remote_ip_address = adaptor_.address();
    add_keep_alive_ = req_.keep_alive;
    close_connection_ = req_.close_connection;

    if (req_.check_version(1, 1)) // HTTP/1.1
    {
      if (!req_.headers.count("host")) {
        is_invalid_request = true;
        res = response(400);
      } else if (req_.upgrade) {
        // h2 or h2c headers
        if (req_.get_header_value("upgrade").find("h2") == 0) {
          // TODO(ipkn): HTTP/2
          // currently, ignore upgrade header
        } else {

          detail::middleware_call_helper<
              detail::middleware_call_criteria_only_global, 0, decltype(ctx_),
              decltype(*middlewares_)>({}, *middlewares_, req_, res, ctx_);
          close_connection_ = true;
          handler_->handle_upgrade(req_, res, std::move(adaptor_));
          return;
        }
      }
    }

    CROW_LOG_INFO << "Request: "
                  << utility::lexical_cast<std::string>(
                         adaptor_.remote_endpoint())
                  << " " << this << " HTTP/"
                  << (char)(req_.http_ver_major + '0') << "."
                  << (char)(req_.http_ver_minor + '0') << ' '
                  << method_name(req_.method) << " " << req_.url;

    need_to_call_after_handlers_ = false;
    if (!is_invalid_request) {
      res.complete_request_handler_ = nullptr;
      auto self = this->shared_from_this();
      res.is_alive_helper_ = [self]() -> bool {
        return self->adaptor_.is_open();
      };

      detail::middleware_call_helper<
          detail::middleware_call_criteria_only_global, 0, decltype(ctx_),
          decltype(*middlewares_)>({}, *middlewares_, req_, res, ctx_);

      if (!res.completed_) {
        res.complete_request_handler_ = [self] { self->complete_request(); };
        need_to_call_after_handlers_ = true;
        handler_->handle(req_, res, routing_handle_result_);
        if (add_keep_alive_) res.set_header("connection", "Keep-Alive");
      } else {
        complete_request();
      }
    } else {
      complete_request();
    }
  }

  /// Call the after handle middleware and send the write the response to the
  /// connection.
  void complete_request() {
    CROW_LOG_INFO << "Response: " << this << ' ' << req_.raw_url << ' '
                  << res.code << ' ' << close_connection_;
    res.is_alive_helper_ = nullptr;

    if (need_to_call_after_handlers_) {
      need_to_call_after_handlers_ = false;

      // call all after_handler of middlewares
      detail::after_handlers_call_helper<
          detail::middleware_call_criteria_only_global,
          (static_cast<int>(sizeof...(Middlewares)) - 1), decltype(ctx_),
          decltype(*middlewares_)>({}, *middlewares_, ctx_, req_, res);
    }
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION
    if (!res.body.empty() && handler_->compression_used()) {
      std::string accept_encoding = req_.get_header_value("Accept-Encoding");
      if (!accept_encoding.empty() && res.compressed) {
        switch (handler_->compression_algorithm()) {
        case compression::DEFLATE:
          if (accept_encoding.find("deflate") != std::string::npos) {
            res.body = compression::compress_string(
                res.body, compression::algorithm::DEFLATE);
            res.set_header("Content-Encoding", "deflate");
          }
          break;
        case compression::GZIP:
          if (accept_encoding.find("gzip") != std::string::npos) {
            res.body = compression::compress_string(
                res.body, compression::algorithm::GZIP);
            res.set_header("Content-Encoding", "gzip");
          }
          break;
        default: break;
        }
      }
    }
#endif

    prepare_buffers();

    if (res.is_static_type()) {
      do_write_static();
    } else {
      do_write_general();
    }
  }

private:
  void prepare_buffers() {
    res.complete_request_handler_ = nullptr;
    res.is_alive_helper_ = nullptr;

    if (!adaptor_.is_open()) {
      // CROW_LOG_DEBUG << this << " delete (socket is closed) " << is_reading
      // << ' ' << is_writing; delete this;
      return;
    }
    res.write_header_into_buffer(buffers_, content_length_, add_keep_alive_,
                                 server_name_);
  }

  void do_write_static() {
    asio::write(adaptor_.socket(), buffers_);

    if (res.file_info.statResult == 0) {
      std::ifstream is(res.file_info.path.c_str(),
                       std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
      std::vector<asio::const_buffer> buffers{1};
      char buf[16384];
      is.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
      while (is.gcount() > 0) {
        buffers[0] = asio::buffer(buf, is.gcount());
        error_code ec = do_write_sync(buffers);
        if (ec) {
          CROW_LOG_ERROR
              << ec
              << " - buffer write error happened while sending content of file "
              << res.file_info.path << ". Writing stopped premature.";
          break;
        }
        is.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
      }
    }
    if (close_connection_) {
      adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
      adaptor_.close();
      CROW_LOG_DEBUG << this << " from write (static)";
    }

    res.end();
    res.clear();
    buffers_.clear();
    parser_.clear();
  }

  void do_write_general() {
    error_code ec;
    if (res.body.length() < res_stream_threshold_) {
      res_body_copy_.swap(res.body);
      buffers_.emplace_back(res_body_copy_.data(), res_body_copy_.size());

      ec = do_write_sync(buffers_);
      if (ec) {
        CROW_LOG_ERROR << ec
                       << " - buffer write error happened while sending "
                          "response. Writing stopped premature.";
      }
      if (need_to_start_read_after_complete_) {
        need_to_start_read_after_complete_ = false;
        start_deadline();
        do_read();
      }
    } else {
      asio::write(adaptor_.socket(), buffers_,
                  ec); // Write the response start / headers
      if (ec) {
        CROW_LOG_ERROR
            << ec
            << "- buffer write error happened while sending response start / "
               "headers. Writing stopped premature.";
      }
      cancel_deadline_timer();
      if (res.body.length() > 0) {
        std::vector<asio::const_buffer> buffers{1};
        const uint8_t *data =
            reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(res.body.data());
        size_t length = res.body.length();
        for (size_t transferred = 0; transferred < length;) {
          size_t to_transfer = CROW_MIN(16384UL, length - transferred);
          buffers[0] = asio::const_buffer(data + transferred, to_transfer);
          ec = do_write_sync(buffers);
          if (ec) {
            CROW_LOG_ERROR << ec << " - " << transferred
                           << " - buffer write error happened while sending "
                              "response. Writing stopped premature.";
            break;
          }
          transferred += to_transfer;
        }
      }
      if (close_connection_) {
        adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
        adaptor_.close();
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << this << " from write (res_stream)";
      }

      res.end();
      res.clear();
      buffers_.clear();
      parser_.clear();
    }
  }

  void do_read() {
    auto self = this->shared_from_this();
    adaptor_.socket().async_read_some(
        asio::buffer(buffer_),
        [self](const error_code &ec, std::size_t bytes_transferred) {
          bool error_while_reading = true;
          if (!ec) {
            bool ret =
                self->parser_.feed(self->buffer_.data(), bytes_transferred);
            if (ret && self->adaptor_.is_open()) {
              error_while_reading = false;
            }
          }

          if (error_while_reading) {
            self->cancel_deadline_timer();
            self->parser_.done();
            self->adaptor_.shutdown_read();
            self->adaptor_.close();
            CROW_LOG_DEBUG << self << " from read(1) with description: \""
                           << http_errno_description(static_cast<http_errno>(
                                  self->parser_.http_errno))
                           << '\"';
          } else if (self->close_connection_) {
            self->cancel_deadline_timer();
            self->parser_.done();
            // adaptor will close after write
          } else if (!self->need_to_call_after_handlers_) {
            self->start_deadline();
            self->do_read();
          } else {
            // res will be completed later by user
            self->need_to_start_read_after_complete_ = true;
          }
        });
  }

  void do_write() {
    auto self = this->shared_from_this();
    asio::async_write(
        adaptor_.socket(), buffers_,
        [self](const error_code &ec, std::size_t /*bytes_transferred*/) {
          self->res.clear();
          self->res_body_copy_.clear();
          if (!self->continue_requested) {
            self->parser_.clear();
          } else {
            self->continue_requested = false;
          }

          if (!ec) {
            if (self->close_connection_) {
              self->adaptor_.shutdown_write();
              self->adaptor_.close();
              CROW_LOG_DEBUG << self << " from write(1)";
            }
          } else {
            CROW_LOG_DEBUG << self << " from write(2)";
          }
        });
  }

  inline error_code do_write_sync(std::vector<asio::const_buffer> &buffers) {
    error_code ec;
    asio::write(adaptor_.socket(), buffers, ec);
    if (ec) {
      // CROW_LOG_ERROR << ec << " - happened while sending buffers";
      CROW_LOG_DEBUG << this << " from write (sync)(2)";
    }

    this->res.clear();
    this->res_body_copy_.clear();
    if (this->continue_requested) {
      this->continue_requested = false;
    } else {
      this->parser_.clear();
    }

    return ec;
  }

  void cancel_deadline_timer() {
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << this << " timer cancelled: " << &task_timer_ << ' '
                   << task_id_;
    task_timer_.cancel(task_id_);
  }

  void start_deadline(/*int timeout = 5*/) {
    cancel_deadline_timer();

    auto self = this->shared_from_this();
    task_id_ = task_timer_.schedule([self] {
      if (!self->adaptor_.is_open()) { return; }
      self->adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
      self->adaptor_.close();
    });
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << this << " timer added: " << &task_timer_ << ' '
                   << task_id_;
  }

private:
  Adaptor adaptor_;
  Handler *handler_;

  std::array<char, 4096> buffer_;

  HTTPParser<Connection> parser_;
  std::unique_ptr<routing_handle_result> routing_handle_result_;
  request &req_;
  response res;

  bool close_connection_ = false;

  const std::string &server_name_;
  std::vector<asio::const_buffer> buffers_;

  std::string content_length_;
  std::string date_str_;
  std::string res_body_copy_;

  detail::task_timer::identifier_type task_id_{};

  bool continue_requested{};
  bool need_to_call_after_handlers_{};
  bool need_to_start_read_after_complete_{};
  bool add_keep_alive_{};

  std::tuple<Middlewares...> *middlewares_;
  detail::context<Middlewares...> ctx_;

  std::function<std::string()> &get_cached_date_str;
  detail::task_timer &task_timer_;

  size_t res_stream_threshold_;

  std::atomic<unsigned int> &queue_length_;
};

} // namespace crow

#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
#endif
#else
#ifndef ASIO_STANDALONE
#define ASIO_STANDALONE
#endif
#include <asio.hpp>
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
#include <asio/ssl.hpp>
#endif
#endif

#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <cstdint>
#include <future>
#include <memory>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>

namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{
#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
namespace asio = boost::asio;
using error_code = boost::system::error_code;
#else
using error_code = asio::error_code;
#endif
using tcp = asio::ip::tcp;
using stream_protocol = asio::local::stream_protocol;

template <typename Handler, typename Acceptor = TCPAcceptor,
          typename Adaptor = SocketAdaptor, typename... Middlewares>
class Server {
public:
  Server(Handler *handler, typename Acceptor::endpoint endpoint,
         std::string server_name = std::string("Crow/") + VERSION,
         std::tuple<Middlewares...> *middlewares = nullptr,
         unsigned int concurrency = 1, uint8_t timeout = 5,
         typename Adaptor::context *adaptor_ctx = nullptr)
      : concurrency_(concurrency), task_queue_length_pool_(concurrency_ - 1),
        acceptor_(io_context_), signals_(io_context_), tick_timer_(io_context_),
        handler_(handler), timeout_(timeout), server_name_(server_name),
        middlewares_(middlewares), adaptor_ctx_(adaptor_ctx) {
    if (startup_failed_) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Startup failed; not running server.";
      return;
    }

    error_code ec;

    acceptor_.raw_acceptor().open(endpoint.protocol(), ec);
    if (ec) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Failed to open acceptor: " << ec.message();
      startup_failed_ = true;
      return;
    }

    acceptor_.raw_acceptor().set_option(Acceptor::reuse_address_option(), ec);
    if (ec) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Failed to set socket option: " << ec.message();
      startup_failed_ = true;
      return;
    }

    acceptor_.raw_acceptor().bind(endpoint, ec);
    if (ec) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Failed to bind to " << acceptor_.address() << ":"
                     << acceptor_.port() << " - " << ec.message();
      startup_failed_ = true;
      return;
    }

    acceptor_.raw_acceptor().listen(tcp::acceptor::max_listen_connections, ec);
    if (ec) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Failed to listen on port: " << ec.message();
      startup_failed_ = true;
      return;
    }
  }

  void set_tick_function(std::chrono::milliseconds d, std::function<void()> f) {
    tick_interval_ = d;
    tick_function_ = f;
  }

  void on_tick() {
    tick_function_();
    tick_timer_.expires_after(
        std::chrono::milliseconds(tick_interval_.count()));
    tick_timer_.async_wait([this](const error_code &ec) {
      if (ec) return;
      on_tick();
    });
  }

  void run() {

    if (startup_failed_) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Server startup failed. Aborting run().";
      return;
    }

    uint16_t worker_thread_count = concurrency_ - 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < worker_thread_count; i++)
      io_context_pool_.emplace_back(new asio::io_context());
    get_cached_date_str_pool_.resize(worker_thread_count);
    task_timer_pool_.resize(worker_thread_count);

    std::vector<std::future<void>> v;
    std::atomic<int> init_count(0);
    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < worker_thread_count; i++)
      v.push_back(std::async(std::launch::async, [this, i, &init_count] {
        // thread local date string get function
        auto last = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

        std::string date_str;
        auto update_date_str = [&] {
          auto last_time_t = time(0);
          tm my_tm;

#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
          gmtime_s(&my_tm, &last_time_t);
#else
                            gmtime_r(&last_time_t, &my_tm);
#endif
          date_str.resize(100);
          size_t date_str_sz =
              strftime(&date_str[0], 99, "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", &my_tm);
          date_str.resize(date_str_sz);
        };
        update_date_str();
        get_cached_date_str_pool_[i] = [&]() -> std::string {
          if (std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - last >=
              std::chrono::seconds(1)) {
            last = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
            update_date_str();
          }
          return date_str;
        };

        // initializing task timers
        detail::task_timer task_timer(*io_context_pool_[i]);
        task_timer.set_default_timeout(timeout_);
        task_timer_pool_[i] = &task_timer;
        task_queue_length_pool_[i] = 0;

        init_count++;
        while (1) {
          try {
            if (io_context_pool_[i]->run() == 0) {
              // when io_service.run returns 0, there are no more works to do.
              break;
            }
          } catch (std::exception &e) {
            CROW_LOG_ERROR << "Worker Crash: An uncaught exception occurred: "
                           << e.what();
          }
        }
      }));

    if (tick_function_ && tick_interval_.count() > 0) {
      tick_timer_.expires_after(
          std::chrono::milliseconds(tick_interval_.count()));
      tick_timer_.async_wait([this](const error_code &ec) {
        if (ec) return;
        on_tick();
      });
    }
    handler_->port(acceptor_.port());
    handler_->address_is_bound();
    CROW_LOG_INFO << server_name_ << " server is running at "
                  << acceptor_.url_display(handler_->ssl_used()) << " using "
                  << concurrency_ << " threads";
    CROW_LOG_INFO << "Call `app.loglevel(crow::LogLevel::Warning)` to hide "
                     "Info level logs.";

    signals_.async_wait(
        [&](const error_code & /*error*/, int /*signal_number*/) { stop(); });

    while (worker_thread_count != init_count)
      std::this_thread::yield();

    do_accept();

    std::thread([this] {
      notify_start();
      io_context_.run();
      CROW_LOG_INFO << "Exiting.";
    }).join();
  }

  void stop() {
    shutting_down_ = true; // Prevent the acceptor from taking new connections

    // Explicitly close the acceptor
    // else asio will throw an exception (linux only), when trying to start
    // server again: what():  bind: Address already in use
    if (acceptor_.raw_acceptor().is_open()) {
      CROW_LOG_INFO << "Closing acceptor. " << &acceptor_;
      error_code ec;
      acceptor_.raw_acceptor().close(ec);
      if (ec) {
        CROW_LOG_WARNING << "Failed to close acceptor: " << ec.message();
      }
    }

    for (auto &io_context : io_context_pool_) {
      if (io_context != nullptr) {
        CROW_LOG_INFO << "Closing IO service " << &io_context;
        io_context->stop(); // Close all io_services (and HTTP connections)
      }
    }

    CROW_LOG_INFO << "Closing main IO service (" << &io_context_ << ')';
    io_context_.stop(); // Close main io_service
  }

  uint16_t port() const { return acceptor_.local_endpoint().port(); }

  /// Wait until the server has properly started or until timeout
  std::cv_status
  wait_for_start(std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point wait_until) {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(start_mutex_);

    std::cv_status status = std::cv_status::no_timeout;
    while (!server_started_ && !startup_failed_ &&
           status == std::cv_status::no_timeout)
      status = cv_started_.wait_until(lock, wait_until);
    return status;
  }

  void signal_clear() { signals_.clear(); }

  void signal_add(int signal_number) { signals_.add(signal_number); }

private:
  size_t pick_io_context_idx() {
    size_t min_queue_idx = 0;

    // TODO improve load balancing
    // size_t is used here to avoid the security issue
    // https://codeql.github.com/codeql-query-help/cpp/cpp-comparison-with-wider-type/
    // even though the max value of this can be only uint16_t as concurrency is
    // uint16_t.
    for (size_t i = 1; i < task_queue_length_pool_.size() &&
                       task_queue_length_pool_[min_queue_idx] > 0;
         i++)
    // No need to check other io_services if the current one has no tasks
    {
      if (task_queue_length_pool_[i] < task_queue_length_pool_[min_queue_idx])
        min_queue_idx = i;
    }
    return min_queue_idx;
  }

  void do_accept() {
    if (!shutting_down_) {
      size_t context_idx = pick_io_context_idx();
      asio::io_context &ic = *io_context_pool_[context_idx];
      auto p = std::make_shared<Connection<Adaptor, Handler, Middlewares...>>(
          ic, handler_, server_name_, middlewares_,
          get_cached_date_str_pool_[context_idx],
          *task_timer_pool_[context_idx], adaptor_ctx_,
          task_queue_length_pool_[context_idx]);

      CROW_LOG_DEBUG << &ic << " {" << context_idx << "} queue length: "
                     << task_queue_length_pool_[context_idx];

      acceptor_.raw_acceptor().async_accept(
          p->socket(), [this, p, &ic](error_code ec) {
            if (!ec) {
              asio::post(ic, [p] { p->start(); });
            }
            do_accept();
          });
    }
  }

  /// Notify anything using `wait_for_start()` to proceed
  void notify_start() {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(start_mutex_);
    server_started_ = true;
    cv_started_.notify_all();
  }

private:
  unsigned int concurrency_{2};
  std::vector<std::atomic<unsigned int>> task_queue_length_pool_;
  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<asio::io_context>> io_context_pool_;
  asio::io_context io_context_;
  std::vector<detail::task_timer *> task_timer_pool_;
  std::vector<std::function<std::string()>> get_cached_date_str_pool_;
  Acceptor acceptor_;
  bool shutting_down_ = false;
  bool server_started_{false};
  bool startup_failed_ = false;
  std::condition_variable cv_started_;
  std::mutex start_mutex_;
  asio::signal_set signals_;

  asio::basic_waitable_timer<std::chrono::high_resolution_clock> tick_timer_;

  Handler *handler_;
  std::uint8_t timeout_;
  std::string server_name_;
  bool use_unix_;

  std::chrono::milliseconds tick_interval_;
  std::function<void()> tick_function_;

  std::tuple<Middlewares...> *middlewares_;

  typename Adaptor::context *adaptor_ctx_;
};
} // namespace crow

#include <array>
#include <memory>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
#include <thread>

namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{
#ifdef CROW_USE_BOOST
namespace asio = boost::asio;
using error_code = boost::system::error_code;
#else
using error_code = asio::error_code;
#endif

/**
 * \namespace crow::websocket
 * \brief Namespace that includes the \ref Connection class
 * and \ref connection struct. Useful for WebSockets connection.
 *
 * Used specially in crow/websocket.h, crow/app.h and crow/routing.h
 */
namespace websocket {
enum class WebSocketReadState {
  MiniHeader,
  Len16,
  Len64,
  Mask,
  Payload,
};

// Codes taken from https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455#section-7.4.1
enum CloseStatusCode : uint16_t {
  NormalClosure = 1000,
  EndpointGoingAway = 1001,
  ProtocolError = 1002,
  UnacceptableData = 1003,
  InconsistentData = 1007,
  PolicyViolated = 1008,
  MessageTooBig = 1009,
  ExtensionsNotNegotiated = 1010,
  UnexpectedCondition = 1011,

  // Reserved for applications only, should not send/receive these to/from
  // clients
  NoStatusCodePresent = 1005,
  ClosedAbnormally = 1006,
  TLSHandshakeFailure = 1015,

  StartStatusCodesForLibraries = 3000,
  StartStatusCodesForPrivateUse = 4000,
  // Status code should be between 1000 and 4999 inclusive
  StartStatusCodes = NormalClosure,
  EndStatusCodes = 4999,
};

/// A base class for websocket connection.
struct connection {
  virtual void send_binary(std::string msg) = 0;
  virtual void send_text(std::string msg) = 0;
  virtual void send_ping(std::string msg) = 0;
  virtual void send_pong(std::string msg) = 0;
  virtual void close(std::string const &msg = "quit",
                     uint16_t status_code = CloseStatusCode::NormalClosure) = 0;
  virtual std::string get_remote_ip() = 0;
  virtual std::string get_subprotocol() const = 0;
  virtual ~connection() = default;

  void userdata(void *u) { userdata_ = u; }
  void *userdata() { return userdata_; }

private:
  void *userdata_;
};

// Modified version of the illustration in RFC6455 Section-5.2
//
//
//  0               1               2               3               -byte
//  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -bit
// +-+-+-+-+-------+-+-------------+-------------------------------+
// |F|R|R|R| opcode|M| Payload len |    Extended payload length    |
// |I|S|S|S|  (4)  |A|     (7)     |             (16/64)           |
// |N|V|V|V|       |S|             |   (if payload len==126/127)   |
// | |1|2|3|       |K|             |                               |
// +-+-+-+-+-------+-+-------------+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
// |     Extended payload length continued, if payload len == 127  |
// + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +-------------------------------+
// |                               |Masking-key, if MASK set to 1  |
// +-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
// | Masking-key (continued)       |          Payload Data         |
// +-------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
// :                     Payload Data continued ...                :
// + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
// |                     Payload Data continued ...                |
// +---------------------------------------------------------------+
//

/// A websocket connection.

template <typename Adaptor, typename Handler>
class Connection
    : public connection,
      public std::enable_shared_from_this<Connection<Adaptor, Handler>> {
public:
  /// Factory for a connection.
  ///
  /// Requires a request with an "Upgrade: websocket" header.<br>
  /// Automatically handles the handshake.
  static void
  create(const crow::request &req, Adaptor adaptor, Handler *handler,
         uint64_t max_payload, const std::vector<std::string> &subprotocols,
         std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &)> open_handler,
         std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &,
                            bool)>
             message_handler,
         std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &,
                            uint16_t)>
             close_handler,
         std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &)>
             error_handler,
         std::function<void(const crow::request &,
                            std::optional<crow::response> &, void **)>
             accept_handler,
         bool mirror_protocols) {
    auto conn = std::shared_ptr<Connection>(new Connection(
        std::move(adaptor), handler, max_payload, std::move(open_handler),
        std::move(message_handler), std::move(close_handler),
        std::move(error_handler), std::move(accept_handler)));

    // Perform handshake validation
    if (!utility::string_equals(req.get_header_value("upgrade"), "websocket")) {
      conn->adaptor_.close();
      return;
    }

    std::string requested_subprotocols_header =
        req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol");
    if (!subprotocols.empty() || !requested_subprotocols_header.empty()) {
      auto requested_subprotocols =
          utility::split(requested_subprotocols_header, ", ");
      auto subprotocol = utility::find_first_of(
          subprotocols.begin(), subprotocols.end(),
          requested_subprotocols.begin(), requested_subprotocols.end());
      if (subprotocol != subprotocols.end()) {
        conn->subprotocol_ = *subprotocol;
      }
    }

    if (mirror_protocols & !requested_subprotocols_header.empty()) {
      conn->subprotocol_ = requested_subprotocols_header;
    }

    if (conn->accept_handler_) {
      void *ud = nullptr;
      std::optional<crow::response> res;
      conn->accept_handler_(req, res, &ud);
      if (res) {
        std::vector<asio::const_buffer> buffers;
        auto server_name = "";
        std::string content_length_buffer;
        res->write_header_into_buffer(buffers, content_length_buffer,
                                      req.keep_alive, server_name);
        buffers.emplace_back(res->body.data(), res->body.size());
        error_code ec;
        asio::write(conn->adaptor_.socket(), buffers, ec);
        conn->adaptor_.close();
        return;
      }
      conn->userdata(ud);
    }

    // Sec-WebSocket-Key: dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==
    // Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
    std::string magic = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Key") +
                        "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11";
    sha1::SHA1 s;
    s.processBytes(magic.data(), magic.size());
    uint8_t digest[20];
    s.getDigestBytes(digest);

    conn->handler_->add_websocket(conn);
    conn->start(crow::utility::base64encode((unsigned char *)digest, 20));
  }

  ~Connection() noexcept override = default;

  template <typename Callable> struct WeakWrappedMessage {
    Callable callable;
    std::weak_ptr<void> watch;

    void operator()() {
      if (auto anchor = watch.lock()) { std::move(callable)(); }
    }
  };

  /// Send data through the socket.
  template <typename CompletionHandler>
  void dispatch(CompletionHandler &&handler) {
    asio::dispatch(
        adaptor_.get_io_context(),
        WeakWrappedMessage<typename std::decay<CompletionHandler>::type>{
            std::forward<CompletionHandler>(handler), anchor_});
  }

  /// Send data through the socket and return immediately.
  template <typename CompletionHandler> void post(CompletionHandler &&handler) {
    asio::post(adaptor_.get_io_context(),
               WeakWrappedMessage<typename std::decay<CompletionHandler>::type>{
                   std::forward<CompletionHandler>(handler), anchor_});
  }

  /// Send a "Ping" message.

  ///
  /// Usually invoked to check if the other point is still online.
  void send_ping(std::string msg) override { send_data(0x9, std::move(msg)); }

  /// Send a "Pong" message.

  ///
  /// Usually automatically invoked as a response to a "Ping" message.
  void send_pong(std::string msg) override { send_data(0xA, std::move(msg)); }

  /// Send a binary encoded message.
  void send_binary(std::string msg) override { send_data(0x2, std::move(msg)); }

  /// Send a plaintext message.
  void send_text(std::string msg) override { send_data(0x1, std::move(msg)); }

  /// Send a close signal.

  ///
  /// Sets a flag to destroy the object once the message is sent.
  void close(std::string const &msg, uint16_t status_code) override {
    dispatch(
        [shared_this = this->shared_from_this(), msg, status_code]() mutable {
          shared_this->has_sent_close_ = true;
          if (shared_this->has_recv_close_ &&
              !shared_this->is_close_handler_called_) {
            shared_this->is_close_handler_called_ = true;
            if (shared_this->close_handler_)
              shared_this->close_handler_(*shared_this, msg, status_code);
          }
          auto header = shared_this->build_header(0x8, msg.size() + 2);
          char status_buf[2];
          *(uint16_t *)(status_buf) = htons(status_code);

          shared_this->write_buffers_.emplace_back(std::move(header));
          shared_this->write_buffers_.emplace_back(std::string(status_buf, 2));
          shared_this->write_buffers_.emplace_back(msg);
          shared_this->do_write();
        });
  }

  std::string get_remote_ip() override { return adaptor_.address(); }

  void set_max_payload_size(uint64_t payload) { max_payload_bytes_ = payload; }

  /// Returns the matching client/server subprotocol, empty string if none
  /// matched.
  std::string get_subprotocol() const override { return subprotocol_; }

protected:
  /// Generate the websocket headers using an opcode and the message size (in
  /// bytes).
  std::string build_header(int opcode, size_t size) {
    char buf[2 + 8] = "\x80\x00";
    buf[0] += opcode;
    if (size < 126) {
      buf[1] += static_cast<char>(size);
      return {buf, buf + 2};
    } else if (size < 0x10000) {
      buf[1] += 126;
      *(uint16_t *)(buf + 2) = htons(static_cast<uint16_t>(size));
      return {buf, buf + 4};
    } else {
      buf[1] += 127;
      *reinterpret_cast<uint64_t *>(buf + 2) =
          ((1 == htonl(1))
               ? static_cast<uint64_t>(size)
               : (static_cast<uint64_t>(htonl((size) & 0xFFFFFFFF)) << 32) |
                     htonl(static_cast<uint64_t>(size) >> 32));
      return {buf, buf + 10};
    }
  }

  /// Send the HTTP upgrade response.

  ///
  /// Finishes the handshake process, then starts reading messages from the
  /// socket.
  void start(std::string &&hello) {
    static const std::string header = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n"
                                      "Upgrade: websocket\r\n"
                                      "Connection: Upgrade\r\n"
                                      "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: ";
    write_buffers_.emplace_back(header);
    write_buffers_.emplace_back(std::move(hello));
    write_buffers_.emplace_back(crlf);
    if (!subprotocol_.empty()) {
      write_buffers_.emplace_back("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: ");
      write_buffers_.emplace_back(subprotocol_);
      write_buffers_.emplace_back(crlf);
    }
    write_buffers_.emplace_back(crlf);
    do_write();
    if (open_handler_) open_handler_(*this);
    do_read();
  }

  /// Read a websocket message.

  ///
  /// Involves:<br>
  /// Handling headers (opcodes, size).<br>
  /// Unmasking the payload.<br>
  /// Reading the actual payload.<br>
  void do_read() {
    if (has_sent_close_ && has_recv_close_) {
      close_connection_ = true;
      adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
      adaptor_.close();
      check_destroy();
      return;
    }

    is_reading = true;
    switch (state_) {
    case WebSocketReadState::MiniHeader: {
      mini_header_ = 0;
      // asio::async_read(adaptor_.socket(), asio::buffer(&mini_header_, 1),
      adaptor_.socket().async_read_some(
          asio::buffer(&mini_header_, 2),
          [shared_this = this->shared_from_this()](const error_code &ec,
                                                   std::size_t
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
                                                       bytes_transferred
#endif
          )

          {
            shared_this->is_reading = false;
            shared_this->mini_header_ = ntohs(shared_this->mini_header_);
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG

            if (!ec && bytes_transferred != 2) {
              throw std::runtime_error(
                  "WebSocket:MiniHeader:async_read fail:asio bug?");
            }
#endif

            if (!ec) {
              if ((shared_this->mini_header_ & 0x80) == 0x80)
                shared_this->has_mask_ = true;
              else // if the websocket specification is enforced and the message
                   // isn't masked, terminate the connection
              {
#ifndef CROW_ENFORCE_WS_SPEC
                shared_this->has_mask_ = false;
#else
                shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
                shared_this->adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
                shared_this->adaptor_.close();
                if (shared_this->error_handler_)
                  shared_this->error_handler_(*shared_this,
                                              "Client connection not masked.");
                shared_this->check_destroy(CloseStatusCode::UnacceptableData);
#endif
              }

              if ((shared_this->mini_header_ & 0x7f) == 127) {
                shared_this->state_ = WebSocketReadState::Len64;
              } else if ((shared_this->mini_header_ & 0x7f) == 126) {
                shared_this->state_ = WebSocketReadState::Len16;
              } else {
                shared_this->remaining_length_ =
                    shared_this->mini_header_ & 0x7f;
                shared_this->state_ = WebSocketReadState::Mask;
              }
              shared_this->do_read();
            } else {
              shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
              shared_this->adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
              shared_this->adaptor_.close();
              if (shared_this->error_handler_)
                shared_this->error_handler_(*shared_this, ec.message());
              shared_this->check_destroy();
            }
          });
    } break;
    case WebSocketReadState::Len16: {
      remaining_length_ = 0;
      remaining_length16_ = 0;
      asio::async_read(
          adaptor_.socket(), asio::buffer(&remaining_length16_, 2),
          [shared_this = this->shared_from_this()](const error_code &ec,
                                                   std::size_t
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
                                                       bytes_transferred
#endif
          ) {
            shared_this->is_reading = false;
            shared_this->remaining_length16_ =
                ntohs(shared_this->remaining_length16_);
            shared_this->remaining_length_ = shared_this->remaining_length16_;
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
            if (!ec && bytes_transferred != 2) {
              throw std::runtime_error(
                  "WebSocket:Len16:async_read fail:asio bug?");
            }
#endif

            if (!ec) {
              shared_this->state_ = WebSocketReadState::Mask;
              shared_this->do_read();
            } else {
              shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
              shared_this->adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
              shared_this->adaptor_.close();
              if (shared_this->error_handler_)
                shared_this->error_handler_(*shared_this, ec.message());
              shared_this->check_destroy();
            }
          });
    } break;
    case WebSocketReadState::Len64: {
      asio::async_read(
          adaptor_.socket(), asio::buffer(&remaining_length_, 8),
          [shared_this = this->shared_from_this()](const error_code &ec,
                                                   std::size_t
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
                                                       bytes_transferred
#endif
          ) {
            shared_this->is_reading = false;
            shared_this->remaining_length_ =
                ((1 == ntohl(1))
                     ? (shared_this->remaining_length_)
                     : (static_cast<uint64_t>(ntohl(
                            (shared_this->remaining_length_) & 0xFFFFFFFF))
                        << 32) |
                           ntohl((shared_this->remaining_length_) >> 32));
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
            if (!ec && bytes_transferred != 8) {
              throw std::runtime_error(
                  "WebSocket:Len16:async_read fail:asio bug?");
            }
#endif

            if (!ec) {
              shared_this->state_ = WebSocketReadState::Mask;
              shared_this->do_read();
            } else {
              shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
              shared_this->adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
              shared_this->adaptor_.close();
              if (shared_this->error_handler_)
                shared_this->error_handler_(*shared_this, ec.message());
              shared_this->check_destroy();
            }
          });
    } break;
    case WebSocketReadState::Mask:
      if (remaining_length_ > max_payload_bytes_) {
        close_connection_ = true;
        adaptor_.close();
        if (error_handler_)
          error_handler_(*this, "Message length exceeds maximum payload.");
        check_destroy(MessageTooBig);
      } else if (has_mask_) {
        asio::async_read(adaptor_.socket(), asio::buffer((char *)&mask_, 4),
                         [shared_this = this->shared_from_this()](
                             const error_code &ec, std::size_t
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
                                                       bytes_transferred
#endif
                         ) {
                           shared_this->is_reading = false;
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
                           if (!ec && bytes_transferred != 4) {
                             throw std::runtime_error(
                                 "WebSocket:Mask:async_read fail:asio bug?");
                           }
#endif

                           if (!ec) {
                             shared_this->state_ = WebSocketReadState::Payload;
                             shared_this->do_read();
                           } else {
                             shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
                             if (shared_this->error_handler_)
                               shared_this->error_handler_(*shared_this,
                                                           ec.message());
                             shared_this->adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
                             shared_this->adaptor_.close();
                             shared_this->check_destroy();
                           }
                         });
      } else {
        state_ = WebSocketReadState::Payload;
        do_read();
      }
      break;
    case WebSocketReadState::Payload: {
      auto to_read = static_cast<std::uint64_t>(buffer_.size());
      if (remaining_length_ < to_read) to_read = remaining_length_;
      adaptor_.socket().async_read_some(
          asio::buffer(buffer_, static_cast<std::size_t>(to_read)),
          [shared_this = this->shared_from_this()](
              const error_code &ec, std::size_t bytes_transferred) {
            shared_this->is_reading = false;

            if (!ec) {
              shared_this->fragment_.insert(
                  shared_this->fragment_.end(), shared_this->buffer_.begin(),
                  shared_this->buffer_.begin() + bytes_transferred);
              shared_this->remaining_length_ -= bytes_transferred;
              if (shared_this->remaining_length_ == 0) {
                if (shared_this->handle_fragment()) {
                  shared_this->state_ = WebSocketReadState::MiniHeader;
                  shared_this->do_read();
                }
              } else
                shared_this->do_read();
            } else {
              shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
              if (shared_this->error_handler_)
                shared_this->error_handler_(*shared_this, ec.message());
              shared_this->adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
              shared_this->adaptor_.close();
              shared_this->check_destroy();
            }
          });
    } break;
    }
  }

  /// Check if the FIN bit is set.
  bool is_FIN() { return mini_header_ & 0x8000; }

  /// Extract the opcode from the header.
  int opcode() { return (mini_header_ & 0x0f00) >> 8; }

  /// Process the payload fragment.

  ///
  /// Unmasks the fragment, checks the opcode, merges fragments into 1 message
  /// body, and calls the appropriate handler.
  bool handle_fragment() {
    if (has_mask_) {
      for (decltype(fragment_.length()) i = 0; i < fragment_.length(); i++) {
        fragment_[i] ^= ((char *)&mask_)[i % 4];
      }
    }
    switch (opcode()) {
    case 0: // Continuation
    {
      message_ += fragment_;
      if (is_FIN()) {
        if (message_handler_) message_handler_(*this, message_, is_binary_);
        message_.clear();
      }
    } break;
    case 1: // Text
    {
      is_binary_ = false;
      message_ += fragment_;
      if (is_FIN()) {
        if (message_handler_) message_handler_(*this, message_, is_binary_);
        message_.clear();
      }
    } break;
    case 2: // Binary
    {
      is_binary_ = true;
      message_ += fragment_;
      if (is_FIN()) {
        if (message_handler_) message_handler_(*this, message_, is_binary_);
        message_.clear();
      }
    } break;
    case 0x8: // Close
    {
      has_recv_close_ = true;

      uint16_t status_code = NoStatusCodePresent;
      std::string::size_type message_start = 2;
      if (fragment_.size() >= 2) {
        status_code = ntohs(((uint16_t *)fragment_.data())[0]);
      } else {
        // no message will crash substr
        message_start = 0;
      }

      if (!has_sent_close_) {
        close(fragment_.substr(message_start), status_code);
      } else {

        close_connection_ = true;
        if (!is_close_handler_called_) {
          if (close_handler_)
            close_handler_(*this, fragment_.substr(message_start), status_code);
          is_close_handler_called_ = true;
        }
        adaptor_.shutdown_readwrite();
        adaptor_.close();

        // Close handler must have been called at this point so code does not
        // matter
        check_destroy();
        return false;
      }
    } break;
    case 0x9: // Ping
    {
      send_pong(fragment_);
    } break;
    case 0xA: // Pong
    {
      pong_received_ = true;
    } break;
    }

    fragment_.clear();
    return true;
  }

  /// Send the buffers' data through the socket.

  ///
  /// Also destroys the object if the Close flag is set.
  void do_write() {
    if (sending_buffers_.empty()) {
      if (write_buffers_.empty()) return;

      sending_buffers_.swap(write_buffers_);
      std::vector<asio::const_buffer> buffers;
      buffers.reserve(sending_buffers_.size());
      for (auto &s : sending_buffers_) {
        buffers.emplace_back(asio::buffer(s));
      }
      auto watch = std::weak_ptr<void>{anchor_};
      asio::async_write(
          adaptor_.socket(), buffers,
          [shared_this = this->shared_from_this(),
           watch](const error_code &ec, std::size_t /*bytes_transferred*/) {
            auto anchor = watch.lock();
            if (anchor == nullptr) return;

            if (!ec && !shared_this->close_connection_) {
              shared_this->sending_buffers_.clear();
              if (!shared_this->write_buffers_.empty()) shared_this->do_write();
              if (shared_this->has_sent_close_)
                shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
            } else {
              shared_this->sending_buffers_.clear();
              shared_this->close_connection_ = true;
              shared_this->check_destroy();
            }
          });
    }
  }

  /// Destroy the Connection.
  void check_destroy(
      websocket::CloseStatusCode code = CloseStatusCode::ClosedAbnormally) {
    // Note that if the close handler was not yet called at this point we did
    // not receive a close packet (or send one) and thus we use ClosedAbnormally
    // unless instructed otherwise
    if (!is_close_handler_called_) {
      if (close_handler_) { close_handler_(*this, "uncleanly", code); }
    }

    handler_->remove_websocket(this->shared_from_this());
  }

  struct SendMessageType {
    std::string payload;
    Connection *self;
    int opcode;

    void operator()() { self->send_data_impl(this); }
  };

  void send_data_impl(SendMessageType *s) {
    auto header = build_header(s->opcode, s->payload.size());
    write_buffers_.emplace_back(std::move(header));
    write_buffers_.emplace_back(std::move(s->payload));
    do_write();
  }

  void send_data(int opcode, std::string &&msg) {
    SendMessageType event_arg{std::move(msg), this, opcode};

    post(std::move(event_arg));
  }

private:
  Connection(
      Adaptor &&adaptor, Handler *handler, uint64_t max_payload,
      std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &)> open_handler,
      std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &,
                         bool)>
          message_handler,
      std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &,
                         uint16_t)>
          close_handler,
      std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &)>
          error_handler,
      std::function<void(const crow::request &, std::optional<crow::response> &,
                         void **)>
          accept_handler)
      : adaptor_(std::move(adaptor)), handler_(handler),
        max_payload_bytes_(max_payload), open_handler_(std::move(open_handler)),
        message_handler_(std::move(message_handler)),
        close_handler_(std::move(close_handler)),
        error_handler_(std::move(error_handler)),
        accept_handler_(std::move(accept_handler)) {}

  Adaptor adaptor_;
  Handler *handler_;

  std::vector<std::string> sending_buffers_;
  std::vector<std::string> write_buffers_;

  std::array<char, 4096> buffer_;
  bool is_binary_;
  std::string message_;
  std::string fragment_;
  WebSocketReadState state_{WebSocketReadState::MiniHeader};
  uint16_t remaining_length16_{0};
  uint64_t remaining_length_{0};
  uint64_t max_payload_bytes_{UINT64_MAX};
  std::string subprotocol_;
  bool close_connection_{false};
  bool is_reading{false};
  bool has_mask_{false};
  uint32_t mask_;
  uint16_t mini_header_;
  bool has_sent_close_{false};
  bool has_recv_close_{false};
  bool error_occurred_{false};
  bool pong_received_{false};
  bool is_close_handler_called_{false};

  std::shared_ptr<void> anchor_ =
      std::make_shared<int>(); // Value is just for placeholding

  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &)> open_handler_;
  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &, bool)>
      message_handler_;
  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &,
                     uint16_t status_code)>
      close_handler_;
  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &)>
      error_handler_;
  std::function<void(const crow::request &, std::optional<crow::response> &,
                     void **)>
      accept_handler_;
};
} // namespace websocket
} // namespace crow

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdint>
#include <limits>
#include <memory>
#include <optional>
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

namespace crow // NOTE: Already documented in "crow/app.h"
{

constexpr size_t INVALID_BP_ID{SIZE_MAX};

namespace detail {
/// Typesafe wrapper for storing lists of middleware as their indices in the App
struct middleware_indices {
  template <typename App> void push() {}

  template <typename App, typename MW, typename... Middlewares> void push() {
    using MwContainer = typename App::mw_container_t;
    static_assert(black_magic::has_type<MW, MwContainer>::value,
                  "Middleware must be present in app");
    static_assert(std::is_base_of<crow::ILocalMiddleware, MW>::value,
                  "Middleware must extend ILocalMiddleware");
    int idx = black_magic::tuple_index<MW, MwContainer>::value;
    indices_.push_back(idx);
    push<App, Middlewares...>();
  }

  void merge_front(const detail::middleware_indices &other) {
    indices_.insert(indices_.begin(), other.indices_.cbegin(),
                    other.indices_.cend());
  }

  void merge_back(const detail::middleware_indices &other) {
    indices_.insert(indices_.end(), other.indices_.cbegin(),
                    other.indices_.cend());
  }

  void pop_back(const detail::middleware_indices &other) {
    indices_.resize(indices_.size() - other.indices_.size());
  }

  bool empty() const { return indices_.empty(); }

  // Sorts indices and filters out duplicates to allow fast lookups with
  // traversal
  void pack() {
    std::sort(indices_.begin(), indices_.end());
    indices_.erase(std::unique(indices_.begin(), indices_.end()),
                   indices_.end());
  }

  const std::vector<int> &indices() { return indices_; }

private:
  std::vector<int> indices_;
};
} // namespace detail

/// A base class for all rules.

///
/// Used to provide a common interface for code dealing with different types of
/// rules.<br> A Rule provides a URL, allowed HTTP methods, and handlers.
class BaseRule {
public:
  BaseRule(std::string rule) : rule_(std::move(rule)) {}

  virtual ~BaseRule() = default;

  virtual void validate() = 0;

  void set_added() { added_ = true; }

  bool is_added() { return added_; }

  std::unique_ptr<BaseRule> upgrade() {
    if (rule_to_upgrade_) return std::move(rule_to_upgrade_);
    return {};
  }

  virtual void handle(request &, response &, const routing_params &) = 0;
  virtual void handle_upgrade(const request &, response &res,
                              SocketAdaptor &&) {
    res = response(404);
    res.end();
  }
  virtual void handle_upgrade(const request &, response &res,
                              UnixSocketAdaptor &&) {
    res = response(404);
    res.end();
  }
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
  virtual void handle_upgrade(const request &, response &res, SSLAdaptor &&) {
    res = response(404);
    res.end();
  }
#endif

  uint32_t get_methods() { return methods_; }

  template <typename F> void foreach_method(F f) {
    for (uint32_t method = 0, method_bit = 1;
         method < static_cast<uint32_t>(HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount);
         method++, method_bit <<= 1) {
      if (methods_ & method_bit) f(method);
    }
  }

  std::string custom_templates_base;

  const std::string &rule() { return rule_; }

protected:
  uint32_t methods_{1 << static_cast<int>(HTTPMethod::Get)};

  std::string rule_;
  std::string name_;
  bool added_{false};

  std::unique_ptr<BaseRule> rule_to_upgrade_;

  detail::middleware_indices mw_indices_;

  friend class Router;
  friend class Blueprint;
  template <typename T> friend struct RuleParameterTraits;
};

namespace detail {
namespace routing_handler_call_helper {
template <typename T, int Pos> struct call_pair {
  using type = T;
  static const int pos = Pos;
};

template <typename H1> struct call_params {
  H1 &handler;
  const routing_params &params;
  request &req;
  response &res;
};

template <typename F, int NInt, int NUint, int NDouble, int NString,
          typename S1, typename S2>
struct call {};

template <typename F, int NInt, int NUint, int NDouble, int NString,
          typename... Args1, typename... Args2>
struct call<F, NInt, NUint, NDouble, NString, black_magic::S<int64_t, Args1...>,
            black_magic::S<Args2...>> {
  void operator()(F cparams) {
    using pushed = typename black_magic::S<Args2...>::template push_back<
        call_pair<int64_t, NInt>>;
    call<F, NInt + 1, NUint, NDouble, NString, black_magic::S<Args1...>,
         pushed>()(cparams);
  }
};

template <typename F, int NInt, int NUint, int NDouble, int NString,
          typename... Args1, typename... Args2>
struct call<F, NInt, NUint, NDouble, NString,
            black_magic::S<uint64_t, Args1...>, black_magic::S<Args2...>> {
  void operator()(F cparams) {
    using pushed = typename black_magic::S<Args2...>::template push_back<
        call_pair<uint64_t, NUint>>;
    call<F, NInt, NUint + 1, NDouble, NString, black_magic::S<Args1...>,
         pushed>()(cparams);
  }
};

template <typename F, int NInt, int NUint, int NDouble, int NString,
          typename... Args1, typename... Args2>
struct call<F, NInt, NUint, NDouble, NString, black_magic::S<double, Args1...>,
            black_magic::S<Args2...>> {
  void operator()(F cparams) {
    using pushed = typename black_magic::S<Args2...>::template push_back<
        call_pair<double, NDouble>>;
    call<F, NInt, NUint, NDouble + 1, NString, black_magic::S<Args1...>,
         pushed>()(cparams);
  }
};

template <typename F, int NInt, int NUint, int NDouble, int NString,
          typename... Args1, typename... Args2>
struct call<F, NInt, NUint, NDouble, NString,
            black_magic::S<std::string, Args1...>, black_magic::S<Args2...>> {
  void operator()(F cparams) {
    using pushed = typename black_magic::S<Args2...>::template push_back<
        call_pair<std::string, NString>>;
    call<F, NInt, NUint, NDouble, NString + 1, black_magic::S<Args1...>,
         pushed>()(cparams);
  }
};

template <typename F, int NInt, int NUint, int NDouble, int NString,
          typename... Args1>
struct call<F, NInt, NUint, NDouble, NString, black_magic::S<>,
            black_magic::S<Args1...>> {
  void operator()(F cparams) {
    cparams.handler(
        cparams.req, cparams.res,
        cparams.params.template get<typename Args1::type>(Args1::pos)...);
  }
};

template <typename Func, typename... ArgsWrapped> struct Wrapped {
  template <typename... Args>
  void
  set_(Func f,
       typename std::enable_if<
           !std::is_same<
               typename std::tuple_element<0, std::tuple<Args..., void>>::type,
               const request &>::value,
           int>::type = 0) {
    handler_ =
        ([f = std::move(f)](const request &, response &res, Args... args) {
          res = response(f(args...));
          res.end();
        });
  }

  template <typename Req, typename... Args> struct req_handler_wrapper {
    req_handler_wrapper(Func fun) : f(std::move(fun)) {}

    void operator()(const request &req, response &res, Args... args) {
      res = response(f(req, args...));
      res.end();
    }

    Func f;
  };

  template <typename... Args>
  void
  set_(Func f,
       typename std::enable_if<
           std::is_same<
               typename std::tuple_element<0, std::tuple<Args..., void>>::type,
               const request &>::value &&
               !std::is_same<typename std::tuple_element<
                                 1, std::tuple<Args..., void, void>>::type,
                             response &>::value,
           int>::type = 0) {
    handler_ = req_handler_wrapper<Args...>(std::move(f));
    /*handler_ = (
        [f = std::move(f)]
        (const request& req, response& res, Args... args){
             res = response(f(req, args...));
             res.end();
        });*/
  }

  template <typename... Args>
  void
  set_(Func f,
       typename std::enable_if<
           std::is_same<
               typename std::tuple_element<0, std::tuple<Args..., void>>::type,
               const request &>::value &&
               std::is_same<typename std::tuple_element<
                                1, std::tuple<Args..., void, void>>::type,
                            response &>::value,
           int>::type = 0) {
    handler_ = std::move(f);
  }

  template <typename... Args> struct handler_type_helper {
    using type =
        std::function<void(const crow::request &, crow::response &, Args...)>;
    using args_type = black_magic::S<typename black_magic::promote_t<Args>...>;
  };

  template <typename... Args>
  struct handler_type_helper<const request &, Args...> {
    using type =
        std::function<void(const crow::request &, crow::response &, Args...)>;
    using args_type = black_magic::S<typename black_magic::promote_t<Args>...>;
  };

  template <typename... Args>
  struct handler_type_helper<const request &, response &, Args...> {
    using type =
        std::function<void(const crow::request &, crow::response &, Args...)>;
    using args_type = black_magic::S<typename black_magic::promote_t<Args>...>;
  };

  typename handler_type_helper<ArgsWrapped...>::type handler_;

  void operator()(request &req, response &res, const routing_params &params) {
    detail::routing_handler_call_helper::call<
        detail::routing_handler_call_helper::call_params<decltype(handler_)>, 0,
        0, 0, 0, typename handler_type_helper<ArgsWrapped...>::args_type,
        black_magic::S<>>()(
        detail::routing_handler_call_helper::call_params<decltype(handler_)>{
            handler_, params, req, res});
  }
};

} // namespace routing_handler_call_helper
} // namespace detail

class CatchallRule {
public:
  /// @cond SKIP
  CatchallRule() {}

  template <typename Func>
  typename std::enable_if<
      black_magic::CallHelper<Func, black_magic::S<>>::value, void>::type
  operator()(Func &&f) {
    static_assert(!std::is_same<void, decltype(f())>::value,
                  "Handler function cannot have void return type; valid return "
                  "types: string, int, crow::response, crow::returnable");

    handler_ = ([f = std::move(f)](const request &, response &res) {
      res = response(f());
      res.end();
    });
  }

  template <typename Func>
  typename std::enable_if<
      !black_magic::CallHelper<Func, black_magic::S<>>::value &&
          black_magic::CallHelper<Func, black_magic::S<crow::request>>::value,
      void>::type
  operator()(Func &&f) {
    static_assert(
        !std::is_same<void, decltype(f(std::declval<crow::request>()))>::value,
        "Handler function cannot have void return type; valid return types: "
        "string, int, crow::response, crow::returnable");

    handler_ = ([f = std::move(f)](const request &req, response &res) {
      res = response(f(req));
      res.end();
    });
  }

  template <typename Func>
  typename std::enable_if<
      !black_magic::CallHelper<Func, black_magic::S<>>::value &&
          !black_magic::CallHelper<Func,
                                   black_magic::S<crow::request>>::value &&
          black_magic::CallHelper<Func,
                                  black_magic::S<crow::response &>>::value,
      void>::type
  operator()(Func &&f) {
    static_assert(
        std::is_same<void,
                     decltype(f(std::declval<crow::response &>()))>::value,
        "Handler function with response argument should have void return type");
    handler_ = ([f = std::move(f)](const request &, response &res) { f(res); });
  }

  template <typename Func>
  typename std::enable_if<
      !black_magic::CallHelper<Func, black_magic::S<>>::value &&
          !black_magic::CallHelper<Func,
                                   black_magic::S<crow::request>>::value &&
          !black_magic::CallHelper<Func,
                                   black_magic::S<crow::response &>>::value,
      void>::type
  operator()(Func &&f) {
    static_assert(
        std::is_same<void,
                     decltype(f(std::declval<crow::request>(),
                                std::declval<crow::response &>()))>::value,
        "Handler function with response argument should have void return type");

    handler_ = std::move(f);
  }
  /// @endcond
  bool has_handler() { return (handler_ != nullptr); }

protected:
  friend class Router;

private:
  std::function<void(const crow::request &, crow::response &)> handler_;
};

/// A rule dealing with websockets.

///
/// Provides the interface for the user to put in the necessary handlers for a
/// websocket to work.
template <typename App> class WebSocketRule : public BaseRule {
  using self_t = WebSocketRule;

public:
  WebSocketRule(std::string rule, App *app)
      : BaseRule(std::move(rule)), app_(app), max_payload_(UINT64_MAX) {}

  void validate() override {}

  void handle(request &, response &res, const routing_params &) override {
    res = response(404);
    res.end();
  }

  void handle_upgrade(const request &req, response &,
                      SocketAdaptor &&adaptor) override {
    max_payload_ =
        max_payload_override_ ? max_payload_ : app_->websocket_max_payload();
    crow::websocket::Connection<SocketAdaptor, App>::create(
        req, std::move(adaptor), app_, max_payload_, subprotocols_,
        open_handler_, message_handler_, close_handler_, error_handler_,
        accept_handler_, mirror_protocols_);
  }

  void handle_upgrade(const request &req, response &,
                      UnixSocketAdaptor &&adaptor) override {
    max_payload_ =
        max_payload_override_ ? max_payload_ : app_->websocket_max_payload();
    crow::websocket::Connection<UnixSocketAdaptor, App>::create(
        req, std::move(adaptor), app_, max_payload_, subprotocols_,
        open_handler_, message_handler_, close_handler_, error_handler_,
        accept_handler_, mirror_protocols_);
  }

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
  void handle_upgrade(const request &req, response &,
                      SSLAdaptor &&adaptor) override {
    crow::websocket::Connection<SSLAdaptor, App>::create(
        req, std::move(adaptor), app_, max_payload_, subprotocols_,
        open_handler_, message_handler_, close_handler_, error_handler_,
        accept_handler_, mirror_protocols_);
  }
#endif

  /// Override the global payload limit for this single WebSocket rule
  self_t &max_payload(uint64_t max_payload) {
    max_payload_ = max_payload;
    max_payload_override_ = true;
    return *this;
  }

  self_t &subprotocols(const std::vector<std::string> &subprotocols) {
    subprotocols_ = subprotocols;
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename Func> self_t &onopen(Func f) {
    open_handler_ = f;
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename Func> self_t &onmessage(Func f) {
    message_handler_ = f;
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename Func> self_t &onclose(Func f) {
    close_handler_ = f;
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename Func> self_t &onerror(Func f) {
    error_handler_ = f;
    return *this;
  }

  self_t &onaccept(
      std::function<void(const crow::request &, std::optional<crow::response> &,
                         void **)> &&callback) {
    accept_handler_ = std::move(callback);
    return *this;
  }

  self_t &
  onaccept(std::function<bool(const crow::request &, void **)> &&callback) {
    onaccept([callback](const crow::request &req,
                        std::optional<crow::response> &res, void **p) {
      if (!callback(req, p)) { res = crow::response(400); }
    });
    return *this;
  }

  self_t &mirrorprotocols(bool mirror_protocols = true) {
    mirror_protocols_ = mirror_protocols;
    return *this;
  }

protected:
  App *app_;
  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &)> open_handler_;
  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &, bool)>
      message_handler_;
  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &,
                     uint16_t)>
      close_handler_;
  std::function<void(crow::websocket::connection &, const std::string &)>
      error_handler_;
  std::function<void(const crow::request &, std::optional<crow::response> &,
                     void **)>
      accept_handler_;
  bool mirror_protocols_ = false;
  uint64_t max_payload_;
  bool max_payload_override_ = false;
  std::vector<std::string> subprotocols_;
};

/// Allows the user to assign parameters using functions.

///
/// `rule.name("name").methods(HTTPMethod::POST)`
template <typename T> struct RuleParameterTraits {
  using self_t = T;

  template <typename App> WebSocketRule<App> &websocket(App *app) {
    auto p = new WebSocketRule<App>(static_cast<self_t *>(this)->rule_, app);
    static_cast<self_t *>(this)->rule_to_upgrade_.reset(p);
    return *p;
  }

  self_t &name(std::string name) noexcept {
    static_cast<self_t *>(this)->name_ = std::move(name);
    return static_cast<self_t &>(*this);
  }

  self_t &methods(HTTPMethod method) {
    static_cast<self_t *>(this)->methods_ = 1 << static_cast<int>(method);
    return static_cast<self_t &>(*this);
  }

  template <typename... MethodArgs>
  self_t &methods(HTTPMethod method, MethodArgs... args_method) {
    methods(args_method...);
    static_cast<self_t *>(this)->methods_ |= 1 << static_cast<int>(method);
    return static_cast<self_t &>(*this);
  }

  /// Enable local middleware for this handler
  template <typename App, typename... Middlewares> self_t &middlewares() {
    static_cast<self_t *>(this)
        ->mw_indices_.template push<App, Middlewares...>();
    return static_cast<self_t &>(*this);
  }
};

/// A rule that can change its parameters during runtime.
class DynamicRule : public BaseRule, public RuleParameterTraits<DynamicRule> {
public:
  DynamicRule(std::string rule) : BaseRule(std::move(rule)) {}

  void validate() override {
    if (!erased_handler_) {
      throw std::runtime_error(name_ + (!name_.empty() ? ": " : "") +
                               "no handler for url " + rule_);
    }
  }

  void handle(request &req, response &res,
              const routing_params &params) override {
    if (!custom_templates_base.empty())
      mustache::set_base(custom_templates_base);
    else if (mustache::detail::get_template_base_directory_ref() != "templates")
      mustache::set_base("templates");
    erased_handler_(req, res, params);
  }

  template <typename Func> void operator()(Func f) {
#ifdef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
    using function_t = utility::function_traits<decltype(&Func::operator())>;
#else
    using function_t = utility::function_traits<Func>;
#endif
    erased_handler_ =
        wrap(std::move(f), black_magic::gen_seq<function_t::arity>());
  }

  // enable_if Arg1 == request && Arg2 == response
  // enable_if Arg1 == request && Arg2 != resposne
  // enable_if Arg1 != request
#ifdef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
  template <typename Func, size_t... Indices>
#else
  template <typename Func, unsigned... Indices>
#endif
  std::function<void(request &, response &, const routing_params &)>
  wrap(Func f, black_magic::seq<Indices...>) {
#ifdef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND
    using function_t = utility::function_traits<decltype(&Func::operator())>;
#else
    using function_t = utility::function_traits<Func>;
#endif
    if (!black_magic::is_parameter_tag_compatible(
            black_magic::get_parameter_tag_runtime(rule_.c_str()),
            black_magic::compute_parameter_tag_from_args_list<
                typename function_t::template arg<Indices>...>::value)) {
      throw std::runtime_error(
          "route_dynamic: Handler type is mismatched with URL parameters: " +
          rule_);
    }
    auto ret = detail::routing_handler_call_helper::Wrapped<
        Func, typename function_t::template arg<Indices>...>();
    ret.template set_<typename function_t::template arg<Indices>...>(
        std::move(f));
    return ret;
  }

  template <typename Func> void operator()(std::string name, Func &&f) {
    name_ = std::move(name);
    (*this).template operator()<Func>(std::forward(f));
  }

private:
  std::function<void(request &, response &, const routing_params &)>
      erased_handler_;
};

/// Default rule created when CROW_ROUTE is called.
template <typename... Args>
class TaggedRule : public BaseRule,
                   public RuleParameterTraits<TaggedRule<Args...>> {
public:
  using self_t = TaggedRule<Args...>;

  TaggedRule(std::string rule) : BaseRule(std::move(rule)) {}

  void validate() override {
    if (rule_.at(0) != '/')
      throw std::runtime_error("Internal error: Routes must start with a '/'");

    if (!handler_) {
      throw std::runtime_error(name_ + (!name_.empty() ? ": " : "") +
                               "no handler for url " + rule_);
    }
  }

  template <typename Func> void operator()(Func &&f) {
    handler_ = ([f = std::move(f)](request &req, response &res, Args... args) {
      detail::wrapped_handler_call(req, res, f, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    });
  }

  template <typename Func> void operator()(std::string name, Func &&f) {
    name_ = std::move(name);
    (*this).template operator()<Func>(std::forward(f));
  }

  void handle(request &req, response &res,
              const routing_params &params) override {
    if (!custom_templates_base.empty())
      mustache::set_base(custom_templates_base);
    else if (mustache::detail::get_template_base_directory_ref() !=
             mustache::detail::get_global_template_base_directory_ref())
      mustache::set_base(
          mustache::detail::get_global_template_base_directory_ref());

    detail::routing_handler_call_helper::call<
        detail::routing_handler_call_helper::call_params<decltype(handler_)>, 0,
        0, 0, 0, black_magic::S<Args...>, black_magic::S<>>()(
        detail::routing_handler_call_helper::call_params<decltype(handler_)>{
            handler_, params, req, res});
  }

private:
  std::function<void(crow::request &, crow::response &, Args...)> handler_;
};

constexpr size_t RULE_SPECIAL_REDIRECT_SLASH = 1;

/// A search tree.
class Trie {
public:
  struct Node {
    size_t rule_index{};
    // Assign the index to the maximum 32 unsigned integer value by default so
    // that any other number (specifically 0) is a valid BP id.
    size_t blueprint_index{INVALID_BP_ID};
    std::string key;
    ParamType param = ParamType::MAX; // MAX = No param.
    std::vector<Node> children;

    bool IsSimpleNode() const {
      return !rule_index && blueprint_index == INVALID_BP_ID &&
             children.size() < 2 && param == ParamType::MAX &&
             std::all_of(
                 std::begin(children), std::end(children),
                 [](const Node &x) { return x.param == ParamType::MAX; });
    }

    Node &add_child_node() {
      children.emplace_back();
      return children.back();
    }
  };

  Trie() {}

  /// Check whether or not the trie is empty.
  bool is_empty() { return head_.children.empty(); }

  void optimize() {
    for (auto &child : head_.children) {
      optimizeNode(child);
    }
  }

private:
  void optimizeNode(Node &node) {
    if (node.children.empty()) return;
    if (node.IsSimpleNode()) {
      auto children_temp = std::move(node.children);
      auto &child_temp = children_temp[0];
      node.key += child_temp.key;
      node.rule_index = child_temp.rule_index;
      node.blueprint_index = child_temp.blueprint_index;
      node.children = std::move(child_temp.children);
      optimizeNode(node);
    } else {
      for (auto &child : node.children) {
        optimizeNode(child);
      }
    }
  }

  void debug_node_print(const Node &node, size_t level) {
    if (node.param != ParamType::MAX) {
      switch (node.param) {
      case ParamType::INT:
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << std::string(3 * level, ' ') << "└➝ "
                       << "<int>";
        break;
      case ParamType::UINT:
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << std::string(3 * level, ' ') << "└➝ "
                       << "<uint>";
        break;
      case ParamType::DOUBLE:
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << std::string(3 * level, ' ') << "└➝ "
                       << "<double>";
        break;
      case ParamType::STRING:
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << std::string(3 * level, ' ') << "└➝ "
                       << "<string>";
        break;
      case ParamType::PATH:
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << std::string(3 * level, ' ') << "└➝ "
                       << "<path>";
        break;
      default:
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << std::string(3 * level, ' ') << "└➝ "
                       << "<ERROR>";
        break;
      }
    } else
      CROW_LOG_DEBUG << std::string(3 * level, ' ') << "└➝ " << node.key;

    for (const auto &child : node.children) {
      debug_node_print(child, level + 1);
    }
  }

public:
  void debug_print() {
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "└➙ ROOT";
    for (const auto &child : head_.children)
      debug_node_print(child, 1);
  }

  void validate() {
    if (!head_.IsSimpleNode())
      throw std::runtime_error("Internal error: Trie header should be simple!");
    optimize();
  }

  // Rule_index, Blueprint_index, routing_params
  routing_handle_result find(const std::string &req_url, const Node &node,
                             size_t pos = 0, routing_params *params = nullptr,
                             std::vector<size_t> *blueprints = nullptr) const {
    // start params as an empty struct
    routing_params empty;
    if (params == nullptr) params = &empty;
    // same for blueprint vector
    std::vector<size_t> MT;
    if (blueprints == nullptr) blueprints = &MT;

    size_t found{};               // The rule index to be found
    std::vector<size_t> found_BP; // The Blueprint indices to be found
    routing_params match_params;  // supposedly the final matched parameters

    auto update_found = [&found, &found_BP,
                         &match_params](routing_handle_result &ret) {
      found_BP = std::move(ret.blueprint_indices);
      if (ret.rule_index && (!found || found > ret.rule_index)) {
        found = ret.rule_index;
        match_params = std::move(ret.r_params);
      }
    };

    // if the function was called on a node at the end of the string (the last
    // recursion), return the nodes rule index, and whatever params were passed
    // to the function
    if (pos == req_url.size()) {
      found_BP = std::move(*blueprints);
      return routing_handle_result{node.rule_index, *blueprints, *params};
    }

    bool found_fragment = false;

    for (const auto &child : node.children) {
      if (child.param != ParamType::MAX) {
        if (child.param == ParamType::INT) {
          char c = req_url[pos];
          if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '+' || c == '-') {
            char *eptr;
            errno = 0;
            long long int value = strtoll(req_url.data() + pos, &eptr, 10);
            if (errno != ERANGE && eptr != req_url.data() + pos) {
              found_fragment = true;
              params->int_params.push_back(value);
              if (child.blueprint_index != INVALID_BP_ID)
                blueprints->push_back(child.blueprint_index);
              auto ret = find(req_url, child, eptr - req_url.data(), params,
                              blueprints);
              update_found(ret);
              params->int_params.pop_back();
              if (!blueprints->empty()) blueprints->pop_back();
            }
          }
        }

        else if (child.param == ParamType::UINT) {
          char c = req_url[pos];
          if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '+') {
            char *eptr;
            errno = 0;
            unsigned long long int value =
                strtoull(req_url.data() + pos, &eptr, 10);
            if (errno != ERANGE && eptr != req_url.data() + pos) {
              found_fragment = true;
              params->uint_params.push_back(value);
              if (child.blueprint_index != INVALID_BP_ID)
                blueprints->push_back(child.blueprint_index);
              auto ret = find(req_url, child, eptr - req_url.data(), params,
                              blueprints);
              update_found(ret);
              params->uint_params.pop_back();
              if (!blueprints->empty()) blueprints->pop_back();
            }
          }
        }

        else if (child.param == ParamType::DOUBLE) {
          char c = req_url[pos];
          if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '+' || c == '-' || c == '.') {
            char *eptr;
            errno = 0;
            double value = strtod(req_url.data() + pos, &eptr);
            if (errno != ERANGE && eptr != req_url.data() + pos) {
              found_fragment = true;
              params->double_params.push_back(value);
              if (child.blueprint_index != INVALID_BP_ID)
                blueprints->push_back(child.blueprint_index);
              auto ret = find(req_url, child, eptr - req_url.data(), params,
                              blueprints);
              update_found(ret);
              params->double_params.pop_back();
              if (!blueprints->empty()) blueprints->pop_back();
            }
          }
        }

        else if (child.param == ParamType::STRING) {
          size_t epos = pos;
          for (; epos < req_url.size(); epos++) {
            if (req_url[epos] == '/') break;
          }

          if (epos != pos) {
            found_fragment = true;
            params->string_params.push_back(req_url.substr(pos, epos - pos));
            if (child.blueprint_index != INVALID_BP_ID)
              blueprints->push_back(child.blueprint_index);
            auto ret = find(req_url, child, epos, params, blueprints);
            update_found(ret);
            params->string_params.pop_back();
            if (!blueprints->empty()) blueprints->pop_back();
          }
        }

        else if (child.param == ParamType::PATH) {
          size_t epos = req_url.size();

          if (epos != pos) {
            found_fragment = true;
            params->string_params.push_back(req_url.substr(pos, epos - pos));
            if (child.blueprint_index != INVALID_BP_ID)
              blueprints->push_back(child.blueprint_index);
            auto ret = find(req_url, child, epos, params, blueprints);
            update_found(ret);
            params->string_params.pop_back();
            if (!blueprints->empty()) blueprints->pop_back();
          }
        }
      }

      else {
        const std::string &fragment = child.key;
        if (req_url.compare(pos, fragment.size(), fragment) == 0) {
          found_fragment = true;
          if (child.blueprint_index != INVALID_BP_ID)
            blueprints->push_back(child.blueprint_index);
          auto ret =
              find(req_url, child, pos + fragment.size(), params, blueprints);
          update_found(ret);
          if (!blueprints->empty()) blueprints->pop_back();
        }
      }
    }

    if (!found_fragment) found_BP = std::move(*blueprints);

    return routing_handle_result{
        found, found_BP,
        match_params}; // Called after all the recursions have been done
  }

  routing_handle_result find(const std::string &req_url) const {
    return find(req_url, head_);
  }

  // This functions assumes any blueprint info passed is valid
  void add(const std::string &url, size_t rule_index,
           unsigned bp_prefix_length = 0,
           size_t blueprint_index = INVALID_BP_ID) {
    auto idx = &head_;

    bool has_blueprint =
        bp_prefix_length != 0 && blueprint_index != INVALID_BP_ID;

    for (unsigned i = 0; i < url.size(); i++) {
      char c = url[i];
      if (c == '<') {
        static struct ParamTraits {
          ParamType type;
          std::string name;
        } paramTraits[] = {
            {ParamType::INT, "<int>"},      {ParamType::UINT, "<uint>"},
            {ParamType::DOUBLE, "<float>"}, {ParamType::DOUBLE, "<double>"},
            {ParamType::STRING, "<str>"},   {ParamType::STRING, "<string>"},
            {ParamType::PATH, "<path>"},
        };

        for (const auto &x : paramTraits) {
          if (url.compare(i, x.name.size(), x.name) == 0) {
            bool found = false;
            for (auto &child : idx->children) {
              if (child.param == x.type) {
                idx = &child;
                i += x.name.size();
                found = true;
                break;
              }
            }
            if (found) break;

            auto new_node_idx = &idx->add_child_node();
            new_node_idx->param = x.type;
            idx = new_node_idx;
            i += x.name.size();
            break;
          }
        }

        i--;
      } else {
        // This part assumes the tree is unoptimized (every node has a max 1
        // character key)
        bool piece_found = false;
        for (auto &child : idx->children) {
          if (child.key[0] == c) {
            idx = &child;
            piece_found = true;
            break;
          }
        }
        if (!piece_found) {
          auto new_node_idx = &idx->add_child_node();
          new_node_idx->key = c;
          // The assumption here is that you'd only need to add a blueprint
          // index if the tree didn't have the BP prefix.
          if (has_blueprint && i == bp_prefix_length)
            new_node_idx->blueprint_index = blueprint_index;
          idx = new_node_idx;
        }
      }
    }

    // check if the last node already has a value (exact url already in Trie)
    if (idx->rule_index)
      throw std::runtime_error("handler already exists for " + url);
    idx->rule_index = rule_index;
  }

private:
  Node head_;
};

/// A blueprint can be considered a smaller section of a Crow app, specifically
/// where the router is concerned.

///
/// You can use blueprints to assign a common prefix to rules' prefix, set
/// custom static and template folders, and set a custom catchall route. You can
/// also assign nest blueprints for maximum Compartmentalization.
class Blueprint {
public:
  Blueprint(const std::string &prefix)
      : prefix_(prefix), static_dir_(prefix), templates_dir_(prefix) {}

  Blueprint(const std::string &prefix, const std::string &static_dir)
      : prefix_(prefix), static_dir_(static_dir) {}

  Blueprint(const std::string &prefix, const std::string &static_dir,
            const std::string &templates_dir)
      : prefix_(prefix), static_dir_(static_dir),
        templates_dir_(templates_dir) {}

  /*
  Blueprint(Blueprint& other)
  {
      prefix_ = std::move(other.prefix_);
      all_rules_ = std::move(other.all_rules_);
  }

  Blueprint(const Blueprint& other)
  {
      prefix_ = other.prefix_;
      all_rules_ = other.all_rules_;
  }
*/
  Blueprint(Blueprint &&value) { *this = std::move(value); }

  Blueprint &operator=(const Blueprint &value) = delete;

  Blueprint &operator=(Blueprint &&value) noexcept {
    prefix_ = std::move(value.prefix_);
    static_dir_ = std::move(value.static_dir_);
    templates_dir_ = std::move(value.templates_dir_);
    all_rules_ = std::move(value.all_rules_);
    catchall_rule_ = std::move(value.catchall_rule_);
    blueprints_ = std::move(value.blueprints_);
    mw_indices_ = std::move(value.mw_indices_);
    return *this;
  }

  bool operator==(const Blueprint &value) { return value.prefix() == prefix_; }

  bool operator!=(const Blueprint &value) { return value.prefix() != prefix_; }

  std::string prefix() const { return prefix_; }

  std::string static_dir() const { return static_dir_; }

  void set_added() { added_ = true; }

  bool is_added() { return added_; }

  DynamicRule &new_rule_dynamic(const std::string &rule) {
    std::string new_rule = '/' + prefix_ + rule;
    auto ruleObject = new DynamicRule(std::move(new_rule));
    ruleObject->custom_templates_base = templates_dir_;
    all_rules_.emplace_back(ruleObject);

    return *ruleObject;
  }

  template <uint64_t N>
  typename black_magic::arguments<N>::type::template rebind<TaggedRule> &
  new_rule_tagged(const std::string &rule) {
    std::string new_rule = '/' + prefix_ + rule;
    using RuleT =
        typename black_magic::arguments<N>::type::template rebind<TaggedRule>;

    auto ruleObject = new RuleT(std::move(new_rule));
    ruleObject->custom_templates_base = templates_dir_;
    all_rules_.emplace_back(ruleObject);

    return *ruleObject;
  }

  void register_blueprint(Blueprint &blueprint) {
    if (blueprints_.empty() || std::find(blueprints_.begin(), blueprints_.end(),
                                         &blueprint) == blueprints_.end()) {
      apply_blueprint(blueprint);
      blueprints_.emplace_back(&blueprint);
    } else
      throw std::runtime_error("blueprint \"" + blueprint.prefix_ +
                               "\" already exists in blueprint \"" + prefix_ +
                               '\"');
  }

  CatchallRule &catchall_rule() { return catchall_rule_; }

  template <typename App, typename... Middlewares> void middlewares() {
    mw_indices_.push<App, Middlewares...>();
  }

private:
  void apply_blueprint(Blueprint &blueprint) {

    blueprint.prefix_ = prefix_ + '/' + blueprint.prefix_;
    blueprint.static_dir_ = static_dir_ + '/' + blueprint.static_dir_;
    blueprint.templates_dir_ = templates_dir_ + '/' + blueprint.templates_dir_;
    for (auto &rule : blueprint.all_rules_) {
      std::string new_rule = '/' + prefix_ + rule->rule_;
      rule->rule_ = new_rule;
    }
    for (Blueprint *bp_child : blueprint.blueprints_) {
      Blueprint &bp_ref = *bp_child;
      apply_blueprint(bp_ref);
    }
  }

  std::string prefix_;
  std::string static_dir_;
  std::string templates_dir_;
  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<BaseRule>> all_rules_;
  CatchallRule catchall_rule_;
  std::vector<Blueprint *> blueprints_;
  detail::middleware_indices mw_indices_;
  bool added_{false};

  friend class Router;
};

/// Handles matching requests to existing rules and upgrade requests.
class Router {
public:
  bool using_ssl;

  Router() : using_ssl(false) {}

  DynamicRule &new_rule_dynamic(const std::string &rule) {
    auto ruleObject = new DynamicRule(rule);
    all_rules_.emplace_back(ruleObject);

    return *ruleObject;
  }

  template <uint64_t N>
  typename black_magic::arguments<N>::type::template rebind<TaggedRule> &
  new_rule_tagged(const std::string &rule) {
    using RuleT =
        typename black_magic::arguments<N>::type::template rebind<TaggedRule>;

    auto ruleObject = new RuleT(rule);
    all_rules_.emplace_back(ruleObject);

    return *ruleObject;
  }

  CatchallRule &catchall_rule() { return catchall_rule_; }

  void internal_add_rule_object(const std::string &rule, BaseRule *ruleObject) {
    internal_add_rule_object(rule, ruleObject, INVALID_BP_ID, blueprints_);
  }

  void internal_add_rule_object(const std::string &rule, BaseRule *ruleObject,
                                const size_t &BP_index,
                                std::vector<Blueprint *> &blueprints) {
    bool has_trailing_slash = false;
    std::string rule_without_trailing_slash;
    if (rule.size() > 1 && rule.back() == '/') {
      has_trailing_slash = true;
      rule_without_trailing_slash = rule;
      rule_without_trailing_slash.pop_back();
    }

    ruleObject->mw_indices_.pack();

    ruleObject->foreach_method([&](int method) {
      per_methods_[method].rules.emplace_back(ruleObject);
      per_methods_[method].trie.add(
          rule, per_methods_[method].rules.size() - 1,
          BP_index != INVALID_BP_ID ? blueprints[BP_index]->prefix().length()
                                    : 0,
          BP_index);

      // directory case:
      //   request to '/about' url matches '/about/' rule
      if (has_trailing_slash) {
        per_methods_[method].trie.add(
            rule_without_trailing_slash, RULE_SPECIAL_REDIRECT_SLASH,
            BP_index != INVALID_BP_ID ? blueprints[BP_index]->prefix().length()
                                      : 0,
            BP_index);
      }
    });

    ruleObject->set_added();
  }

  void register_blueprint(Blueprint &blueprint) {
    if (std::find(blueprints_.begin(), blueprints_.end(), &blueprint) ==
        blueprints_.end()) {
      blueprints_.emplace_back(&blueprint);
    } else
      throw std::runtime_error("blueprint \"" + blueprint.prefix_ +
                               "\" already exists in router");
  }

  void get_recursive_child_methods(Blueprint *blueprint,
                                   std::vector<HTTPMethod> &methods) {
    // we only need to deal with children if the blueprint has absolutely no
    // methods (meaning its index won't be added to the trie)
    if (blueprint->static_dir_.empty() && blueprint->all_rules_.empty()) {
      for (Blueprint *bp : blueprint->blueprints_) {
        get_recursive_child_methods(bp, methods);
      }
    } else if (!blueprint->static_dir_.empty())
      methods.emplace_back(HTTPMethod::Get);
    for (auto &rule : blueprint->all_rules_) {
      rule->foreach_method([&methods](unsigned method) {
        HTTPMethod method_final = static_cast<HTTPMethod>(method);
        if (std::find(methods.begin(), methods.end(), method_final) ==
            methods.end())
          methods.emplace_back(method_final);
      });
    }
  }

  void validate_bp() {
    // Take all the routes from the registered blueprints and add them to
    // `all_rules_` to be processed.
    detail::middleware_indices blueprint_mw;
    validate_bp(blueprints_, blueprint_mw);
  }

  void validate_bp(std::vector<Blueprint *> blueprints,
                   detail::middleware_indices &current_mw) {
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < blueprints.size(); i++) {
      Blueprint *blueprint = blueprints[i];

      if (blueprint->is_added()) continue;

      if (blueprint->static_dir_ == "" && blueprint->all_rules_.empty()) {
        std::vector<HTTPMethod> methods;
        get_recursive_child_methods(blueprint, methods);
        for (HTTPMethod x : methods) {
          int method_index = static_cast<int>(x);
          per_methods_[method_index].trie.add(blueprint->prefix(), 0,
                                              blueprint->prefix().length(),
                                              method_index);
        }
      }

      current_mw.merge_back(blueprint->mw_indices_);
      for (auto &rule : blueprint->all_rules_) {
        if (rule && !rule->is_added()) {
          auto upgraded = rule->upgrade();
          if (upgraded) rule = std::move(upgraded);
          rule->validate();
          rule->mw_indices_.merge_front(current_mw);
          internal_add_rule_object(rule->rule(), rule.get(), i, blueprints);
        }
      }
      validate_bp(blueprint->blueprints_, current_mw);
      current_mw.pop_back(blueprint->mw_indices_);
      blueprint->set_added();
    }
  }

  void validate() {
    for (auto &rule : all_rules_) {
      if (rule && !rule->is_added()) {
        auto upgraded = rule->upgrade();
        if (upgraded) rule = std::move(upgraded);
        rule->validate();
        internal_add_rule_object(rule->rule(), rule.get());
      }
    }
    for (auto &per_method : per_methods_) {
      per_method.trie.validate();
    }
  }

  // TODO maybe add actual_method
  template <typename Adaptor>
  void handle_upgrade(const request &req, response &res, Adaptor &&adaptor) {
    if (req.method >= HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount) return;

    auto &per_method = per_methods_[static_cast<int>(req.method)];
    auto &rules = per_method.rules;
    size_t rule_index = per_method.trie.find(req.url).rule_index;

    if (!rule_index) {
      for (auto &method : per_methods_) {
        if (method.trie.find(req.url).rule_index) {
          CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Cannot match method " << req.url << " "
                         << method_name(req.method);
          res = response(405);
          res.end();
          return;
        }
      }

      CROW_LOG_INFO << "Cannot match rules " << req.url;
      res = response(404);
      res.end();
      return;
    }

    if (rule_index >= rules.size())
      throw std::runtime_error("Trie internal structure corrupted!");

    if (rule_index == RULE_SPECIAL_REDIRECT_SLASH) {
      CROW_LOG_INFO << "Redirecting to a url with trailing slash: " << req.url;
      res = response(301);
      res.add_header("Location", req.url + "/");
      res.end();
      return;
    }

    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Matched rule (upgrade) '" << rules[rule_index]->rule_
                   << "' " << static_cast<uint32_t>(req.method) << " / "
                   << rules[rule_index]->get_methods();

    try {
      rules[rule_index]->handle_upgrade(req, res, std::move(adaptor));
    } catch (...) {
      exception_handler_(res);
      res.end();
      return;
    }
  }

  void get_found_bp(const std::vector<size_t> &bp_i,
                    const std::vector<Blueprint *> &blueprints,
                    std::vector<Blueprint *> &found_bps, size_t index = 0) {
    // This statement makes 3 assertions:
    // 1. The index is above 0.
    // 2. The index does not lie outside the given blueprint list.
    // 3. The next blueprint we're adding has a prefix that starts the same as
    // the already added blueprint + a slash (the rest is irrelevant).
    //
    // This is done to prevent a blueprint that has a prefix of "bp_prefix2" to
    // be assumed as a child of one that has "bp_prefix".
    //
    // If any of the assertions is untrue, we delete the last item added, and
    // continue using the blueprint list of the blueprint found before, the
    // topmost being the router's list
    auto verify_prefix = [&bp_i, &index, &blueprints, &found_bps]() {
      return index > 0 && bp_i[index] < blueprints.size() &&
             blueprints[bp_i[index]]
                     ->prefix()
                     .substr(0, found_bps[index - 1]->prefix().length() + 1)
                     .compare(std::string(found_bps[index - 1]->prefix() +
                                          '/')) == 0;
    };
    if (index < bp_i.size()) {

      if (verify_prefix()) {
        found_bps.push_back(blueprints[bp_i[index]]);
        get_found_bp(bp_i, found_bps.back()->blueprints_, found_bps, ++index);
      } else {
        if (found_bps.size() < 2) {
          found_bps.clear();
          found_bps.push_back(blueprints_[bp_i[index]]);
        } else {
          found_bps.pop_back();
          Blueprint *last_element = found_bps.back();
          found_bps.push_back(last_element->blueprints_[bp_i[index]]);
        }
        get_found_bp(bp_i, found_bps.back()->blueprints_, found_bps, ++index);
      }
    }
  }

  CatchallRule &get_catch_all(const routing_handle_result &found) {
    std::vector<Blueprint *> bps_found;
    get_found_bp(found.blueprint_indices, blueprints_, bps_found);
    if (!bps_found.empty()) {
      for (size_t i = bps_found.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {
        if (bps_found[i]->catchall_rule().has_handler()) {
          return bps_found[i]->catchall_rule();
        }
      }
    }
    return catchall_rule_;
  }

  std::string get_error(const routing_handle_result &found) {
    const std::string EMPTY;

    std::vector<Blueprint *> bps_found;
    get_found_bp(found.blueprint_indices, blueprints_, bps_found);
    if (!bps_found.empty()) {
      for (size_t i = bps_found.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {
        if (bps_found[i]->catchall_rule().has_handler()) {
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
          return std::string("Redirected to Blueprint \"" +
                             bps_found[i]->prefix() + "\" Catchall rule");
#else
          return EMPTY;
#endif
        }
      }
    } else if (catchall_rule_.has_handler()) {
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_DEBUG
      return std::string("Redirected to global Catchall rule");
#else
      return EMPTY;
#endif
    }
    return EMPTY;
  }

  std::unique_ptr<routing_handle_result> handle_initial(request &req,
                                                        response &res) {
    HTTPMethod method_actual = req.method;

    std::unique_ptr<routing_handle_result> found{new routing_handle_result(
        0, std::vector<size_t>(), routing_params(),
        HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount)}; // This is always returned to avoid a
                                           // null pointer dereference.

    // NOTE(EDev): This most likely will never run since the parser should
    // handle this situation and close the connection before it gets here.
    if (CROW_UNLIKELY(req.method >= HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount))
      return found;
    else if (req.method == HTTPMethod::Head) {
      *found = per_methods_[static_cast<int>(method_actual)].trie.find(req.url);
      // support HEAD requests using GET if not defined as method for the
      // requested URL
      if (!found->rule_index) {
        method_actual = HTTPMethod::Get;
        *found =
            per_methods_[static_cast<int>(method_actual)].trie.find(req.url);
        if (!found->rule_index) // If a route is still not found, return a 404
                                // without executing the rest of the HEAD
                                // specific code.
        {
          CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Cannot match rules " << req.url;
          res = response(404); // TODO(EDev): Should this redirect to catchall?
          res.end();
          return found;
        }
      }

      res.skip_body = true;
      found->method = method_actual;
      return found;
    } else if (req.method == HTTPMethod::Options) {
      std::string allow = "OPTIONS, HEAD";

      if (req.url == "/*") {
        for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount);
             i++) {
          if (static_cast<int>(HTTPMethod::Head) == i)
            continue; // HEAD is always allowed

          if (!per_methods_[i].trie.is_empty()) {
            allow.append(", ");
            allow.append(method_name(static_cast<HTTPMethod>(i)));
          }
        }
#ifdef CROW_RETURNS_OK_ON_HTTP_OPTIONS_REQUEST
        res = response(crow::status::OK);
#else
        res = response(crow::status::NO_CONTENT);
#endif

        res.set_header("Allow", allow);
        res.end();
        found->method = method_actual;
        return found;
      } else {
        bool rules_matched = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount);
             i++) {
          if (per_methods_[i].trie.find(req.url).rule_index) {
            rules_matched = true;

            if (static_cast<int>(HTTPMethod::Head) == i)
              continue; // HEAD is always allowed

            allow.append(", ");
            allow.append(method_name(static_cast<HTTPMethod>(i)));
          }
        }
        if (rules_matched) {
#ifdef CROW_RETURNS_OK_ON_HTTP_OPTIONS_REQUEST
          res = response(crow::status::OK);
#else
          res = response(crow::status::NO_CONTENT);
#endif
          res.set_header("Allow", allow);
          res.end();
          found->method = method_actual;
          return found;
        } else {
          CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Cannot match rules " << req.url;
          res = response(404); // TODO(EDev): Should this redirect to catchall?
          res.end();
          return found;
        }
      }
    } else // Every request that isn't a HEAD or OPTIONS request
    {
      *found = per_methods_[static_cast<int>(method_actual)].trie.find(req.url);
      // TODO(EDev): maybe ending the else here would allow the requests coming
      // from above (after removing the return statement) to be checked on
      // whether they actually point to a route
      if (!found->rule_index) {
        for (auto &per_method : per_methods_) {
          if (per_method.trie.find(req.url)
                  .rule_index) // Route found, but in another method
          {
            res.code = 405;
            found->catch_all = true;
            CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Cannot match method " << req.url << " "
                           << method_name(method_actual) << ". "
                           << get_error(*found);
            return found;
          }
        }
        // Route does not exist anywhere

        res.code = 404;
        found->catch_all = true;
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Cannot match rules " << req.url << ". "
                       << get_error(*found);
        return found;
      }

      found->method = method_actual;
      return found;
    }
  }

  template <typename App>
  void handle(request &req, response &res, routing_handle_result found) {
    if (found.catch_all) {
      auto catch_all = get_catch_all(found);
      if (catch_all.has_handler()) {
        try {
          catch_all.handler_(req, res);
        } catch (...) { exception_handler_(res); }
      }
      res.end();
    } else {
      HTTPMethod method_actual = found.method;
      const auto &rules = per_methods_[static_cast<int>(method_actual)].rules;
      const size_t rule_index = found.rule_index;

      if (rule_index >= rules.size())
        throw std::runtime_error("Trie internal structure corrupted!");
      if (rule_index == RULE_SPECIAL_REDIRECT_SLASH) {
        CROW_LOG_INFO << "Redirecting to a url with trailing slash: "
                      << req.url;
        res = response(301);
        res.add_header("Location", req.url + "/");
        res.end();
      } else {
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Matched rule '" << rules[rule_index]->rule_ << "' "
                       << static_cast<uint32_t>(req.method) << " / "
                       << rules[rule_index]->get_methods();

        try {
          BaseRule &rule = *rules[rule_index];
          handle_rule<App>(rule, req, res, found.r_params);
        } catch (...) {
          exception_handler_(res);
          res.end();
        }
      }
    }
  }

  template <typename App>
  typename std::enable_if<
      std::tuple_size<typename App::mw_container_t>::value != 0, void>::type
  handle_rule(BaseRule &rule, crow::request &req, crow::response &res,
              const crow::routing_params &rp) {
    if (!rule.mw_indices_.empty()) {
      auto &ctx =
          *reinterpret_cast<typename App::context_t *>(req.middleware_context);
      auto &container = *reinterpret_cast<typename App::mw_container_t *>(
          req.middleware_container);
      detail::middleware_call_criteria_dynamic<false> crit_fwd(
          rule.mw_indices_.indices());

      auto glob_completion_handler = std::move(res.complete_request_handler_);
      res.complete_request_handler_ = [] {};

      detail::middleware_call_helper<decltype(crit_fwd), 0,
                                     typename App::context_t,
                                     typename App::mw_container_t>(
          crit_fwd, container, req, res, ctx);

      if (res.completed_) {
        glob_completion_handler();
        return;
      }

      res.complete_request_handler_ = [&rule, &ctx, &container, &req, &res,
                                       glob_completion_handler] {
        detail::middleware_call_criteria_dynamic<true> crit_bwd(
            rule.mw_indices_.indices());

        detail::after_handlers_call_helper<
            decltype(crit_bwd),
            std::tuple_size<typename App::mw_container_t>::value - 1,
            typename App::context_t, typename App::mw_container_t>(
            crit_bwd, container, ctx, req, res);
        glob_completion_handler();
      };
    }
    rule.handle(req, res, rp);
  }

  template <typename App>
  typename std::enable_if<
      std::tuple_size<typename App::mw_container_t>::value == 0, void>::type
  handle_rule(BaseRule &rule, crow::request &req, crow::response &res,
              const crow::routing_params &rp) {
    rule.handle(req, res, rp);
  }

  void debug_print() {
    for (int i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount);
         i++) {
      Trie &trie_ = per_methods_[i].trie;
      if (!trie_.is_empty()) {
        CROW_LOG_DEBUG << method_name(static_cast<HTTPMethod>(i));
        trie_.debug_print();
      }
    }
  }

  std::vector<Blueprint *> &blueprints() { return blueprints_; }

  std::function<void(crow::response &)> &exception_handler() {
    return exception_handler_;
  }

  static void default_exception_handler(response &res) {
    // any uncaught exceptions become 500s
    res = response(500);

    try {
      throw;
    } catch (const bad_request &e) {
      res = response(400);
      res.body = e.what();
    } catch (const std::exception &e) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "An uncaught exception occurred: " << e.what();
    } catch (...) {
      CROW_LOG_ERROR << "An uncaught exception occurred. The type was unknown "
                        "so no information was available.";
    }
  }

private:
  CatchallRule catchall_rule_;

  struct PerMethod {
    std::vector<BaseRule *> rules;
    Trie trie;

    // rule index 0, 1 has special meaning; preallocate it to avoid duplication.
    PerMethod() : rules(2) {}
  };
  std::array<PerMethod, static_cast<int>(HTTPMethod::InternalMethodCount)>
      per_methods_;
  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<BaseRule>> all_rules_;
  std::vector<Blueprint *> blueprints_;
  std::function<void(crow::response &)> exception_handler_ =
      &default_exception_handler;
};
} // namespace crow

namespace crow {
struct CORSHandler;

/// Used for tuning CORS policies
struct CORSRules {
  friend struct crow::CORSHandler;

  /// Set Access-Control-Allow-Origin. Default is "*"
  CORSRules &origin(const std::string &origin) {
    origin_ = origin;
    return *this;
  }

  /// Set Access-Control-Allow-Methods. Default is "*"
  CORSRules &methods(crow::HTTPMethod method) {
    add_list_item(methods_, crow::method_name(method));
    return *this;
  }

  /// Set Access-Control-Allow-Methods. Default is "*"
  template <typename... Methods>
  CORSRules &methods(crow::HTTPMethod method, Methods... method_list) {
    add_list_item(methods_, crow::method_name(method));
    methods(method_list...);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Set Access-Control-Allow-Headers. Default is "*"
  CORSRules &headers(const std::string &header) {
    add_list_item(headers_, header);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Set Access-Control-Allow-Headers. Default is "*"
  template <typename... Headers>
  CORSRules &headers(const std::string &header, Headers... header_list) {
    add_list_item(headers_, header);
    headers(header_list...);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Set Access-Control-Expose-Headers. Default is none
  CORSRules &expose(const std::string &header) {
    add_list_item(exposed_headers_, header);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Set Access-Control-Expose-Headers. Default is none
  template <typename... Headers>
  CORSRules &expose(const std::string &header, Headers... header_list) {
    add_list_item(exposed_headers_, header);
    expose(header_list...);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Set Access-Control-Max-Age. Default is none
  CORSRules &max_age(int max_age) {
    max_age_ = std::to_string(max_age);
    return *this;
  }

  /// Enable Access-Control-Allow-Credentials
  CORSRules &allow_credentials() {
    allow_credentials_ = true;
    return *this;
  }

  /// Ignore CORS and don't send any headers
  void ignore() { ignore_ = true; }

  /// Handle CORS on specific prefix path
  CORSRules &prefix(const std::string &prefix);

  /// Handle CORS for specific blueprint
  CORSRules &blueprint(const Blueprint &bp);

  /// Global CORS policy
  CORSRules &global();

private:
  CORSRules() = delete;
  CORSRules(CORSHandler *handler) : handler_(handler) {}

  /// build comma separated list
  void add_list_item(std::string &list, const std::string &val) {
    if (list == "*") list = "";
    if (list.size() > 0) list += ", ";
    list += val;
  }

  /// Set header `key` to `value` if it is not set
  void set_header_no_override(const std::string &key, const std::string &value,
                              crow::response &res) {
    if (value.size() == 0) return;
    if (!get_header_value(res.headers, key).empty()) return;
    res.add_header(key, value);
  }

  /// Set response headers
  void apply(const request &req, response &res) {
    if (ignore_) return;

    set_header_no_override("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", methods_, res);
    set_header_no_override("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", headers_, res);
    set_header_no_override("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", exposed_headers_,
                           res);
    set_header_no_override("Access-Control-Max-Age", max_age_, res);

    bool origin_set = false;

    if (req.method != HTTPMethod::Options) {
      if (allow_credentials_) {
        set_header_no_override("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true", res);
        if (origin_ == "*") {
          set_header_no_override("Access-Control-Allow-Origin",
                                 req.get_header_value("Origin"), res);
          origin_set = true;
        }
      }
    }

    if (!origin_set) {
      set_header_no_override("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", origin_, res);
    }
  }

  bool ignore_ = false;
  // TODO: support multiple origins that are dynamically selected
  std::string origin_ = "*";
  std::string methods_ = "*";
  std::string headers_ = "*";
  std::string exposed_headers_;
  std::string max_age_;
  bool allow_credentials_ = false;

  CORSHandler *handler_;
};

/// CORSHandler is a global middleware for setting CORS headers.

///
/// By default, it sets Access-Control-Allow-Origin/Methods/Headers to "*".
/// The default behaviour can be changed with the `global()` cors rule.
/// Additional rules for prexies can be added with `prefix()`.
struct CORSHandler {
  struct context {};

  void before_handle(crow::request & /*req*/, crow::response & /*res*/,
                     context & /*ctx*/) {}

  void after_handle(crow::request &req, crow::response &res,
                    context & /*ctx*/) {
    auto &rule = find_rule(req.url);
    rule.apply(req, res);
  }

  /// Handle CORS on a specific prefix path
  CORSRules &prefix(const std::string &prefix) {
    rules.emplace_back(prefix, CORSRules(this));
    return rules.back().second;
  }

  /// Handle CORS for a specific blueprint
  CORSRules &blueprint(const Blueprint &bp) {
    rules.emplace_back(bp.prefix(), CORSRules(this));
    return rules.back().second;
  }

  /// Get the global CORS policy
  CORSRules &global() { return default_; }

private:
  CORSRules &find_rule(const std::string &path) {
    // TODO: use a trie in case of many rules
    for (auto &rule : rules) {
      // Check if path starts with a rules prefix
      if (path.rfind(rule.first, 0) == 0) { return rule.second; }
    }
    return default_;
  }

  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, CORSRules>> rules;
  CORSRules default_ = CORSRules(this);
};

inline CORSRules &CORSRules::prefix(const std::string &prefix) {
  return handler_->prefix(prefix);
}

inline CORSRules &CORSRules::blueprint(const Blueprint &bp) {
  return handler_->blueprint(bp);
}

inline CORSRules &CORSRules::global() { return handler_->global(); }

} // namespace crow

/**
 * \file crow/app.h
 * \brief This file includes the definition of the crow::Crow class,
 * the crow::App and crow::SimpleApp aliases, and some macros.
 *
 * In this file are defined:
 * - crow::Crow
 * - crow::App
 * - crow::SimpleApp
 * - \ref CROW_ROUTE
 * - \ref CROW_BP_ROUTE
 * - \ref CROW_WEBSOCKET_ROUTE
 * - \ref CROW_MIDDLEWARES
 * - \ref CROW_CATCHALL_ROUTE
 * - \ref CROW_BP_CATCHALL_ROUTE
 */

#include <chrono>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <cstdint>
#include <functional>
#include <future>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
#include <type_traits>

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION
#endif // #ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION

#ifdef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND

#define CROW_ROUTE(app, url)                                                   \
  app.route_dynamic(url) // See the documentation in the comment below.
#define CROW_BP_ROUTE(blueprint, url)                                          \
  blueprint.new_rule_dynamic(url) // See the documentation in the comment below.

#else // #ifdef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND

/**
 * \def CROW_ROUTE(app, url)
 * \brief Creates a route for app using a rule.
 *
 * It use crow::Crow::route_dynamic or crow::Crow::route to define
 * a rule for your application. It's usage is like this:
 *
 * ```cpp
 * auto app = crow::SimpleApp(); // or crow::App()
 * CROW_ROUTE(app, "/")
 * ([](){
 *     return "<h1>Hello, world!</h1>";
 * });
 * ```
 *
 * This is the recommended way to define routes in a crow application.
 * \see [Page of guide "Routes"](https://crowcpp.org/master/guides/routes/).
 */
#define CROW_ROUTE(app, url)                                                   \
  app.template route<crow::black_magic::get_parameter_tag(url)>(url)

/**
 * \def CROW_BP_ROUTE(blueprint, url)
 * \brief Creates a route for a blueprint using a rule.
 *
 * It may use crow::Blueprint::new_rule_dynamic or
 * crow::Blueprint::new_rule_tagged to define a new rule for
 * an given blueprint. It's usage is similar
 * to CROW_ROUTE macro:
 *
 * ```cpp
 * crow::Blueprint my_bp();
 * CROW_BP_ROUTE(my_bp, "/")
 * ([](){
 *     return "<h1>Hello, world!</h1>";
 * });
 * ```
 *
 * This is the recommended way to define routes in a crow blueprint
 * because of its compile-time capabilities.
 *
 * \see [Page of the guide
 * "Blueprints"](https://crowcpp.org/master/guides/blueprints/).
 */
#define CROW_BP_ROUTE(blueprint, url)                                          \
  blueprint.new_rule_tagged<crow::black_magic::get_parameter_tag(url)>(url)

/**
 * \def CROW_WEBSOCKET_ROUTE(app, url)
 * \brief Defines WebSocket route for app.
 *
 * It binds a WebSocket route to app. Easy solution to implement
 * WebSockets in your app. The usage syntax of this macro is
 * like this:
 *
 * ```cpp
 * auto app = crow::SimpleApp(); // or crow::App()
 * CROW_WEBSOCKET_ROUTE(app, "/ws")
 *     .onopen([&](crow::websocket::connection& conn){
 *                do_something();
 *            })
 *     .onclose([&](crow::websocket::connection& conn, const std::string&
 * reason, uint16_t){ do_something();
 *             })
 *     .onmessage([&](crow::websocket::connection&, const std::string& data,
 * bool is_binary){ if (is_binary) do_something(data); else
 *                       do_something_else(data);
 *               });
 * ```
 *
 * \see [Page of the guide
 * "WebSockets"](https://crowcpp.org/master/guides/websockets/).
 */
#define CROW_WEBSOCKET_ROUTE(app, url)                                         \
  app.route<crow::black_magic::get_parameter_tag(url)>(url)                    \
      .websocket<std::remove_reference<decltype(app)>::type>(&app)

/**
 * \def CROW_MIDDLEWARES(app, ...)
 * \brief Enable a Middleware for an specific route in app
 * or blueprint.
 *
 * It defines the usage of a Middleware in one route. And it
 * can be used in both crow::SimpleApp (and crow::App) instances and
 * crow::Blueprint. Its usage syntax is like this:
 *
 * ```cpp
 * auto app = crow::SimpleApp(); // or crow::App()
 * CROW_ROUTE(app, "/with_middleware")
 * .CROW_MIDDLEWARES(app, LocalMiddleware) // Can be used more than one
 * ([]() {                                 // middleware.
 *     return "Hello world!";
 * });
 * ```
 *
 * \see [Page of the guide
 * "Middlewares"](https://crowcpp.org/master/guides/middleware/).
 */
#define CROW_MIDDLEWARES(app, ...)                                             \
  template middlewares<typename std::remove_reference<decltype(app)>::type,    \
                       __VA_ARGS__>()

#endif // #ifdef CROW_MSVC_WORKAROUND

/**
 * \def CROW_CATCHALL_ROUTE(app)
 * \brief Defines a custom catchall route for app using a
 * custom rule.
 *
 * It defines a handler when the client make a request for an
 * undefined route. Instead of just reply with a `404` status
 * code (default behavior), you can define a custom handler
 * using this macro.
 *
 * \see [Page of the guide "Routes" (Catchall
 * routes)](https://crowcpp.org/master/guides/routes/#catchall-routes).
 */
#define CROW_CATCHALL_ROUTE(app) app.catchall_route()

/**
 * \def CROW_BP_CATCHALL_ROUTE(blueprint)
 * \brief Defines a custom catchall route for blueprint
 * using a custom rule.
 *
 * It defines a handler when the client make a request for an
 * undefined route in the blueprint.
 *
 * \see [Page of the guide "Blueprint" (Define a custom Catchall
 * route)](https://crowcpp.org/master/guides/blueprints/#define-a-custom-catchall-route).
 */
#define CROW_BP_CATCHALL_ROUTE(blueprint) blueprint.catchall_rule()

/**
 * \namespace crow
 * \brief The main namespace of the library. In this namespace
 * is defined the most important classes and functions of the
 * library.
 *
 * Within this namespace, the Crow class, Router class, Connection
 * class, and other are defined.
 */
namespace crow {
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
using ssl_context_t = asio::ssl::context;
#endif
/**
 * \class Crow
 * \brief The main server application class.
 *
 * Use crow::SimpleApp or crow::App<Middleware1, Middleware2, etc...> instead of
 * directly instantiate this class.
 */
template <typename... Middlewares> class Crow {
public:
  /// \brief This is the crow application
  using self_t = Crow;

  /// \brief The HTTP server
  using server_t = Server<Crow, TCPAcceptor, SocketAdaptor, Middlewares...>;
  /// \brief An HTTP server that runs on unix domain socket
  using unix_server_t =
      Server<Crow, UnixSocketAcceptor, UnixSocketAdaptor, Middlewares...>;
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
  /// \brief An HTTP server that runs on SSL with an SSLAdaptor
  using ssl_server_t = Server<Crow, TCPAcceptor, SSLAdaptor, Middlewares...>;
#endif
  Crow() {}

  /// \brief Construct Crow with a subset of middleware
  template <typename... Ts>
  Crow(Ts &&...ts)
      : middlewares_(make_middleware_tuple(std::forward<Ts>(ts)...)) {}

  /// \brief Process an Upgrade request
  ///
  /// Currently used to upgrade an HTTP connection to a WebSocket connection
  template <typename Adaptor>
  void handle_upgrade(const request &req, response &res, Adaptor &&adaptor) {
    router_.handle_upgrade(req, res, adaptor);
  }

  /// \brief Process only the method and URL of a request and provide a route
  /// (or an error response)
  std::unique_ptr<routing_handle_result> handle_initial(request &req,
                                                        response &res) {
    return router_.handle_initial(req, res);
  }

  /// \brief Process the fully parsed request and generate a response for it
  void handle(request &req, response &res,
              std::unique_ptr<routing_handle_result> &found) {
    router_.handle<self_t>(req, res, *found);
  }

  /// \brief Process a fully parsed request from start to finish (primarily used
  /// for debugging)
  void handle_full(request &req, response &res) {
    auto found = handle_initial(req, res);
    if (found->rule_index || found->catch_all) handle(req, res, found);
  }

  /// \brief Create a dynamic route using a rule (**Use CROW_ROUTE instead**)
  DynamicRule &route_dynamic(const std::string &rule) {
    return router_.new_rule_dynamic(rule);
  }

  /// \brief Create a route using a rule (**Use CROW_ROUTE instead**)
  template <uint64_t Tag>
  auto route(const std::string &rule) ->
      typename std::invoke_result<decltype(&Router::new_rule_tagged<Tag>),
                                  Router, const std::string &>::type {
    return router_.new_rule_tagged<Tag>(rule);
  }

  /// \brief Create a route for any requests without a proper route (**Use
  /// CROW_CATCHALL_ROUTE instead**)
  CatchallRule &catchall_route() { return router_.catchall_rule(); }

  /// \brief Set the default max payload size for websockets
  self_t &websocket_max_payload(uint64_t max_payload) {
    max_payload_ = max_payload;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Get the default max payload size for websockets
  uint64_t websocket_max_payload() { return max_payload_; }

  self_t &signal_clear() {
    signals_.clear();
    return *this;
  }

  self_t &signal_add(int signal_number) {
    signals_.push_back(signal_number);
    return *this;
  }

  std::vector<int> signals() { return signals_; }

  /// \brief Set the port that Crow will handle requests on
  self_t &port(std::uint16_t port) {
    port_ = port;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Get the port that Crow will handle requests on
  std::uint16_t port() const {
    if (!server_started_) { return port_; }
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
    if (ssl_used_) {
      return ssl_server_->port();
    } else
#endif
    {
      return server_->port();
    }
  }

  /// \brief Set status variable to note that the address that Crow will handle
  /// requests on is bound
  void address_is_bound() { is_bound_ = true; }

  /// \brief Get whether address that Crow will handle requests on is bound
  bool is_bound() const { return is_bound_; }

  /// \brief Set the connection timeout in seconds (default is 5)
  self_t &timeout(std::uint8_t timeout) {
    timeout_ = timeout;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Set the server name included in the 'Server' HTTP response header.
  /// If set to an empty string, the header will be omitted by default.
  self_t &server_name(std::string server_name) {
    server_name_ = server_name;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief The IP address that Crow will handle requests on (default is
  /// 0.0.0.0)
  self_t &bindaddr(std::string bindaddr) {
    bindaddr_ = bindaddr;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Get the address that Crow will handle requests on
  std::string bindaddr() { return bindaddr_; }

  /// \brief Disable tcp/ip and use unix domain socket instead
  self_t &local_socket_path(std::string path) {
    bindaddr_ = path;
    use_unix_ = true;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Get the unix domain socket path
  std::string local_socket_path() { return bindaddr_; }

  /// \brief Run the server on multiple threads using all available threads
  self_t &multithreaded() {
    return concurrency(std::thread::hardware_concurrency());
  }

  /// \brief Run the server on multiple threads using a specific number
  self_t &concurrency(unsigned int concurrency) {
    if (concurrency < 2) // Crow can have a minimum of 2 threads running
      concurrency = 2;
    concurrency_ = concurrency;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Get the number of threads that server is using
  std::uint16_t concurrency() const { return concurrency_; }

  /// \brief Set the server's log level
  ///
  /// Possible values are:
  /// - crow::LogLevel::Debug       (0)
  /// - crow::LogLevel::Info        (1)
  /// - crow::LogLevel::Warning     (2)
  /// - crow::LogLevel::Error       (3)
  /// - crow::LogLevel::Critical    (4)
  self_t &loglevel(LogLevel level) {
    crow::logger::setLogLevel(level);
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Set the response body size (in bytes) beyond which Crow
  /// automatically streams responses (Default is 1MiB)
  ///
  /// Any streamed response is unaffected by Crow's timer, and therefore won't
  /// timeout before a response is fully sent.
  self_t &stream_threshold(size_t threshold) {
    res_stream_threshold_ = threshold;
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Get the response body size (in bytes) beyond which Crow
  /// automatically streams responses
  size_t &stream_threshold() { return res_stream_threshold_; }

  self_t &register_blueprint(Blueprint &blueprint) {
    router_.register_blueprint(blueprint);
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Set the function to call to handle uncaught exceptions generated in
  /// routes (Default generates error 500).
  ///
  /// The function must have the following signature: void(crow::response&).
  /// It must set the response passed in argument to the function, which will be
  /// sent back to the client. See Router::default_exception_handler() for the
  /// default implementation.
  template <typename Func> self_t &exception_handler(Func &&f) {
    router_.exception_handler() = std::forward<Func>(f);
    return *this;
  }

  std::function<void(crow::response &)> &exception_handler() {
    return router_.exception_handler();
  }

  /// \brief Set a custom duration and function to run on every tick
  template <typename Duration, typename Func> self_t &tick(Duration d, Func f) {
    tick_interval_ = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(d);
    tick_function_ = f;
    return *this;
  }

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION

  self_t &use_compression(compression::algorithm algorithm) {
    comp_algorithm_ = algorithm;
    compression_used_ = true;
    return *this;
  }

  compression::algorithm compression_algorithm() { return comp_algorithm_; }

  bool compression_used() const { return compression_used_; }
#endif

  /// \brief Apply blueprints
  void add_blueprint() {
#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__MACH__)
    if (router_.blueprints().empty()) return;
#endif

    for (Blueprint *bp : router_.blueprints()) {
      if (bp->static_dir().empty()) {
        CROW_LOG_ERROR
            << "Blueprint " << bp->prefix()
            << " and its sub-blueprints ignored due to empty static directory.";
        continue;
      }
      auto static_dir_ = crow::utility::normalize_path(bp->static_dir());

      bp->new_rule_tagged<crow::black_magic::get_parameter_tag(
          CROW_STATIC_ENDPOINT)>(CROW_STATIC_ENDPOINT)(
          [static_dir_](crow::response &res, std::string file_path_partial) {
            utility::sanitize_filename(file_path_partial);
            res.set_static_file_info_unsafe(static_dir_ + file_path_partial);
            res.end();
          });
    }

    router_.validate_bp();
  }

  /// \brief Go through the rules, upgrade them if possible, and add them to the
  /// list of rules
  void add_static_dir() {
    if (are_static_routes_added()) return;
    auto static_dir_ = crow::utility::normalize_path(CROW_STATIC_DIRECTORY);

    route<crow::black_magic::get_parameter_tag(CROW_STATIC_ENDPOINT)>(
        CROW_STATIC_ENDPOINT)(
        [static_dir_](crow::response &res, std::string file_path_partial) {
          utility::sanitize_filename(file_path_partial);
          res.set_static_file_info_unsafe(static_dir_ + file_path_partial);
          res.end();
        });
    set_static_routes_added();
  }

  /// \brief A wrapper for `validate()` in the router
  void validate() { router_.validate(); }

  /// \brief Run the server
  void run() {
#ifndef CROW_DISABLE_STATIC_DIR
    add_blueprint();
    add_static_dir();
#endif
    validate();

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
    if (ssl_used_) {

      error_code ec;
      asio::ip::address addr = asio::ip::make_address(bindaddr_, ec);
      if (ec) {
        CROW_LOG_ERROR << ec.message()
                       << " - Can not create valid ip address from string: \""
                       << bindaddr_ << "\"";
        return;
      }
      tcp::endpoint endpoint(addr, port_);
      router_.using_ssl = true;
      ssl_server_ = std::move(std::unique_ptr<ssl_server_t>(
          new ssl_server_t(this, endpoint, server_name_, &middlewares_,
                           concurrency_, timeout_, &ssl_context_)));
      ssl_server_->set_tick_function(tick_interval_, tick_function_);
      ssl_server_->signal_clear();
      for (auto snum : signals_) {
        ssl_server_->signal_add(snum);
      }
      notify_server_start();
      ssl_server_->run();
    } else
#endif
    {
      if (use_unix_) {
        UnixSocketAcceptor::endpoint endpoint(bindaddr_);
        unix_server_ = std::move(std::unique_ptr<unix_server_t>(
            new unix_server_t(this, endpoint, server_name_, &middlewares_,
                              concurrency_, timeout_, nullptr)));
        unix_server_->set_tick_function(tick_interval_, tick_function_);
        for (auto snum : signals_) {
          unix_server_->signal_add(snum);
        }
        notify_server_start();
        unix_server_->run();
      } else {
        error_code ec;
        asio::ip::address addr = asio::ip::make_address(bindaddr_, ec);
        if (ec) {
          CROW_LOG_ERROR << ec.message()
                         << " - Can not create valid ip address from string: \""
                         << bindaddr_ << "\"";
          return;
        }
        TCPAcceptor::endpoint endpoint(addr, port_);
        server_ = std::move(std::unique_ptr<server_t>(
            new server_t(this, endpoint, server_name_, &middlewares_,
                         concurrency_, timeout_, nullptr)));
        server_->set_tick_function(tick_interval_, tick_function_);
        for (auto snum : signals_) {
          server_->signal_add(snum);
        }
        notify_server_start();
        server_->run();
      }
    }
  }

  /// \brief Non-blocking version of \ref run()
  ///
  /// The output from this method needs to be saved into a variable!
  /// Otherwise the call will be made on the same thread.
  std::future<void> run_async() {
    return std::async(std::launch::async, [&] { this->run(); });
  }

  /// \brief Stop the server
  void stop() {
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
    if (ssl_used_) {
      if (ssl_server_) { ssl_server_->stop(); }
    } else
#endif
    {
      close_websockets();
      if (server_) { server_->stop(); }
      if (unix_server_) { unix_server_->stop(); }
    }
  }

  void close_websockets() {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock{websockets_mutex_};
    for (auto websocket : websockets_) {
      CROW_LOG_INFO << "Quitting Websocket: " << websocket;
      websocket->close("Websocket Closed");
    }
  }

  void add_websocket(std::shared_ptr<websocket::connection> conn) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock{websockets_mutex_};
    websockets_.push_back(conn);
  }

  void remove_websocket(std::shared_ptr<websocket::connection> conn) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock{websockets_mutex_};
    websockets_.erase(std::remove(websockets_.begin(), websockets_.end(), conn),
                      websockets_.end());
  }

  /// \brief Print the routing paths defined for each HTTP method
  void debug_print() {
    CROW_LOG_DEBUG << "Routing:";
    router_.debug_print();
  }

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL

  /// \brief Use certificate and key files for SSL
  self_t &ssl_file(const std::string &crt_filename,
                   const std::string &key_filename) {
    ssl_used_ = true;
    ssl_context_.set_verify_mode(asio::ssl::verify_peer);
    ssl_context_.set_verify_mode(asio::ssl::verify_client_once);
    ssl_context_.use_certificate_file(crt_filename, ssl_context_t::pem);
    ssl_context_.use_private_key_file(key_filename, ssl_context_t::pem);
    ssl_context_.set_options(asio::ssl::context::default_workarounds |
                             asio::ssl::context::no_sslv2 |
                             asio::ssl::context::no_sslv3);
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Use `.pem` file for SSL
  self_t &ssl_file(const std::string &pem_filename) {
    ssl_used_ = true;
    ssl_context_.set_verify_mode(asio::ssl::verify_peer);
    ssl_context_.set_verify_mode(asio::ssl::verify_client_once);
    ssl_context_.load_verify_file(pem_filename);
    ssl_context_.set_options(asio::ssl::context::default_workarounds |
                             asio::ssl::context::no_sslv2 |
                             asio::ssl::context::no_sslv3);
    return *this;
  }

  /// \brief Use certificate chain and key files for SSL
  self_t &ssl_chainfile(const std::string &crt_filename,
                        const std::string &key_filename) {
    ssl_used_ = true;
    ssl_context_.set_verify_mode(asio::ssl::verify_peer);
    ssl_context_.set_verify_mode(asio::ssl::verify_client_once);
    ssl_context_.use_certificate_chain_file(crt_filename);
    ssl_context_.use_private_key_file(key_filename, ssl_context_t::pem);
    ssl_context_.set_options(asio::ssl::context::default_workarounds |
                             asio::ssl::context::no_sslv2 |
                             asio::ssl::context::no_sslv3);
    return *this;
  }

  self_t &ssl(asio::ssl::context &&ctx) {
    ssl_used_ = true;
    ssl_context_ = std::move(ctx);
    return *this;
  }

  bool ssl_used() const { return ssl_used_; }
#else

  template <typename T, typename... Remain>
  self_t &ssl_file(T &&, Remain &&...) {
    // We can't call .ssl() member function unless CROW_ENABLE_SSL is defined.
    static_assert(
        // make static_assert dependent to T; always false
        std::is_base_of<T, void>::value,
        "Define CROW_ENABLE_SSL to enable ssl support.");
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename T, typename... Remain>
  self_t &ssl_chainfile(T &&, Remain &&...) {
    // We can't call .ssl() member function unless CROW_ENABLE_SSL is defined.
    static_assert(
        // make static_assert dependent to T; always false
        std::is_base_of<T, void>::value,
        "Define CROW_ENABLE_SSL to enable ssl support.");
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename T> self_t &ssl(T &&) {
    // We can't call .ssl() member function unless CROW_ENABLE_SSL is defined.
    static_assert(
        // make static_assert dependent to T; always false
        std::is_base_of<T, void>::value,
        "Define CROW_ENABLE_SSL to enable ssl support.");
    return *this;
  }

  bool ssl_used() const { return false; }
#endif

  // middleware
  using context_t = detail::context<Middlewares...>;
  using mw_container_t = std::tuple<Middlewares...>;
  template <typename T> typename T::context &get_context(const request &req) {
    static_assert(black_magic::contains<T, Middlewares...>::value,
                  "App doesn't have the specified middleware type.");
    auto &ctx = *reinterpret_cast<context_t *>(req.middleware_context);
    return ctx.template get<T>();
  }

  template <typename T> T &get_middleware() {
    return utility::get_element_by_type<T, Middlewares...>(middlewares_);
  }

  /// \brief Wait until the server has properly started
  std::cv_status wait_for_server_start(std::chrono::milliseconds wait_timeout =
                                           std::chrono::milliseconds(3000)) {
    std::cv_status status = std::cv_status::no_timeout;
    auto wait_until = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + wait_timeout;
    {
      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(start_mutex_);
      while (!server_started_ && (status == std::cv_status::no_timeout)) {
        status = cv_started_.wait_until(lock, wait_until);
      }
    }
    if (status == std::cv_status::no_timeout) {
      if (server_) {
        status = server_->wait_for_start(wait_until);
      } else if (unix_server_) {
        status = unix_server_->wait_for_start(wait_until);
      }
#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
      else if (ssl_server_) {
        status = ssl_server_->wait_for_start(wait_until);
      }
#endif
    }
    return status;
  }

private:
  template <typename... Ts>
  std::tuple<Middlewares...> make_middleware_tuple(Ts &&...ts) {
    auto fwd = std::forward_as_tuple((ts)...);
    return std::make_tuple(std::forward<Middlewares>(
        black_magic::tuple_extract<Middlewares, decltype(fwd)>(fwd))...);
  }

  /// \brief Notify anything using \ref wait_for_server_start() to proceed
  void notify_server_start() {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(start_mutex_);
    server_started_ = true;
    cv_started_.notify_all();
  }

  void set_static_routes_added() { static_routes_added_ = true; }

  bool are_static_routes_added() { return static_routes_added_; }

private:
  std::uint8_t timeout_{5};
  uint16_t port_ = 80;
  unsigned int concurrency_ = 2;
  std::atomic_bool is_bound_ = false;
  uint64_t max_payload_{UINT64_MAX};
  std::string server_name_ = std::string("Crow/") + VERSION;
  std::string bindaddr_ = "0.0.0.0";
  bool use_unix_ = false;
  size_t res_stream_threshold_ = 1048576;
  Router router_;
  bool static_routes_added_{false};

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_COMPRESSION
  compression::algorithm comp_algorithm_;
  bool compression_used_{false};
#endif

  std::chrono::milliseconds tick_interval_;
  std::function<void()> tick_function_;

  std::tuple<Middlewares...> middlewares_;

#ifdef CROW_ENABLE_SSL
  std::unique_ptr<ssl_server_t> ssl_server_;
  bool ssl_used_{false};
  ssl_context_t ssl_context_{asio::ssl::context::sslv23};
#endif

  std::unique_ptr<server_t> server_;
  std::unique_ptr<unix_server_t> unix_server_;

  std::vector<int> signals_{SIGINT, SIGTERM};

  bool server_started_{false};
  std::condition_variable cv_started_;
  std::mutex start_mutex_;
  std::mutex websockets_mutex_; ///< \brief mutex to protect websockets_
  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<websocket::connection>> websockets_;
};

/// \brief Alias of Crow<Middlewares...>. Useful if you want
/// a instance of an Crow application that require Middlewares
template <typename... Middlewares> using App = Crow<Middlewares...>;

/// \brief Alias of Crow<>. Useful if you want a instance of
/// an Crow application that doesn't require of Middlewares
using SimpleApp = Crow<>;
} // namespace crow


================================================
FILE: benchmark/crow/main.cpp
================================================
#include "crow_all.h"

class CustomLogger : public crow::ILogHandler {
public:
  void log(const std::string &, crow::LogLevel) {}
};

int main() {
  CustomLogger logger;
  crow::logger::setHandler(&logger);

  crow::SimpleApp app;

  CROW_ROUTE(app, "/")([]() { return "Hello world!"; });

  app.port(8080).multithreaded().run();
}


================================================
FILE: cmake/FindBrotli.cmake
================================================
# A simple FindBrotli package for Cmake's find_package function.
# Note: This find package doesn't have version support, as the version file doesn't seem to be installed on most systems.
#
# If you want to find the static packages instead of shared (the default), define BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS as TRUE.
# The targets will have the same names, but it will use the static libs.
#
# Valid find_package COMPONENTS names: "decoder", "encoder", and "common"
# Note that if you're requiring "decoder" or "encoder", then "common" will be automatically added as required.
#
# Defines the libraries (if found): Brotli::decoder, Brotli::encoder, Brotli::common
# and the includes path variable: Brotli_INCLUDE_DIR
#
# If it's failing to find the libraries, try setting BROTLI_ROOT_DIR to the folder containing your library & include dir.

# If they asked for a specific version, warn/fail since we don't support it.
# TODO: if they start distributing the version somewhere, implement finding it.
# See https://github.com/google/brotli/issues/773#issuecomment-579133187
if(Brotli_FIND_VERSION)
	set(_brotli_version_error_msg "FindBrotli.cmake doesn't have version support!")
	# If the package is required, throw a fatal error
	# Otherwise, if not running quietly, we throw a warning
	if(Brotli_FIND_REQUIRED)
		message(FATAL_ERROR "${_brotli_version_error_msg}")
	elseif(NOT Brotli_FIND_QUIETLY)
		message(WARNING "${_brotli_version_error_msg}")
	endif()
endif()

# Since both decoder & encoder require the common lib, force its requirement..
# if the user is requiring either of those other libs.
if(Brotli_FIND_REQUIRED_decoder OR Brotli_FIND_REQUIRED_encoder)
	set(Brotli_FIND_REQUIRED_common TRUE)
endif()

# Support preference of static libs by adjusting CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES
# Credit to FindOpenSSL.cmake for this
if(BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS)
  set(_brotli_ORIG_CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES ${CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES})
  if(WIN32)
    set(CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES .lib .a ${CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES})
  else()
    set(CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES .a)
  endif()
endif()

# Make PkgConfig optional, since some users (mainly Windows) don't have it.
# But it's a lot more clean than manually using find_library.
find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)

# Only used if the PkgConfig libraries aren't used.
find_path(Brotli_INCLUDE_DIR
	NAMES
		"brotli/decode.h"
		"brotli/encode.h"
	HINTS
		${BROTLI_ROOT_DIR}
	PATH_SUFFIXES
		"include"
		"includes"
	DOC "The path to Brotli's include directory."
)
# Hides this var from the GUI
mark_as_advanced(Brotli_INCLUDE_DIR)

# Just used for PkgConfig stuff in the loop below
set(_brotli_stat_str "")
if(BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS)
	set(_brotli_stat_str "_STATIC")
endif()

# Each string here is "ComponentName;LiteralName" (the semi-colon is a delimiter)
foreach(_listvar "common;common" "decoder;dec" "encoder;enc")
	# Split the component name and literal library name from the listvar
	list(GET _listvar 0 _component_name)
	list(GET _listvar 1 _libname)

	# NOTE: We can't rely on PkgConf for static libs since the upstream static lib support is broken
	# See https://github.com/google/brotli/issues/795
	# TODO: whenever their issue is fixed upstream, remove this "AND NOT BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS" check
	if(PKG_CONFIG_FOUND AND NOT BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS)
		# These need to be GLOBAL for MinGW when making ALIAS libraries against them.
		# Have to postfix _STATIC on the name to tell PkgConfig to find the static libs.
		pkg_check_modules(Brotli_${_component_name}${_brotli_stat_str} QUIET GLOBAL IMPORTED_TARGET libbrotli${_libname})
	endif()

	# Check if the target was already found by Pkgconf
	if(TARGET PkgConfig::Brotli_${_component_name}${_brotli_stat_str})
		# ALIAS since we don't want the PkgConfig namespace on the Cmake library (for end-users)
		if (NOT TARGET Brotli::${_component_name})
			add_library(Brotli::${_component_name} ALIAS PkgConfig::Brotli_${_component_name}${_brotli_stat_str})
		endif()

		# Tells HANDLE_COMPONENTS we found the component
		set(Brotli_${_component_name}_FOUND TRUE)
		if(Brotli_FIND_REQUIRED_${_component_name})
			# If the lib is required, we can add its literal path as a required var for FindPackageHandleStandardArgs
			# Since it won't accept the PkgConfig targets
			if(BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS)
				list(APPEND _brotli_req_vars "Brotli_${_component_name}_STATIC_LIBRARIES")
			else()
				list(APPEND _brotli_req_vars "Brotli_${_component_name}_LINK_LIBRARIES")
			endif()
		endif()

		# Skip searching for the libs with find_library since it was already found by Pkgconf
		continue()
	endif()

	if(Brotli_FIND_REQUIRED_${_component_name})
		# If it's required, we can set the name used in find_library as a required var for FindPackageHandleStandardArgs
		list(APPEND _brotli_req_vars "Brotli_${_component_name}")
	endif()

	list(APPEND _brotli_lib_names
		"brotli${_libname}"
		"libbrotli${_libname}"
	)
	if(BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS)
		# Postfix "-static" to the libnames since we're looking for static libs
		list(TRANSFORM _brotli_lib_names APPEND "-static")
	endif()

	find_library(Brotli_${_component_name}
		NAMES ${_brotli_lib_names}
		HINTS ${BROTLI_ROOT_DIR}
		PATH_SUFFIXES
			"lib"
			"lib64"
			"libs"
			"libs64"
			"lib/x86_64-linux-gnu"
	)
	# Hide the library variable from the Cmake GUI
	mark_as_advanced(Brotli_${_component_name})

	# Unset since otherwise it'll stick around for the next loop and break things
	unset(_brotli_lib_names)

	# Check if find_library found the library
	if(Brotli_${_component_name})
		# Tells HANDLE_COMPONENTS we found the component
		set(Brotli_${_component_name}_FOUND TRUE)

		if (NOT TARGET Brotli::${_component_name})
			add_library("Brotli::${_component_name}" UNKNOWN IMPORTED)
		endif()
		
		# Attach the literal library and include dir to the IMPORTED target for the end-user
		set_target_properties("Brotli::${_component_name}" PROPERTIES
			INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${Brotli_INCLUDE_DIR}"
			IMPORTED_LOCATION "${Brotli_${_component_name}}"
		)
	else()
		# Tells HANDLE_COMPONENTS we found the component
		set(Brotli_${_component_name}_FOUND FALSE)
	endif()
endforeach()

include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
# Sets Brotli_FOUND, and fails the find_package(Brotli) call if it was REQUIRED but missing libs.
find_package_handle_standard_args(Brotli
	FOUND_VAR
		Brotli_FOUND
	REQUIRED_VARS
		Brotli_INCLUDE_DIR
		${_brotli_req_vars}
	HANDLE_COMPONENTS
)

# Restore the original find library ordering
if(BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS)
  set(CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES ${_brotli_ORIG_CMAKE_FIND_LIBRARY_SUFFIXES})
endif()


================================================
FILE: cmake/httplibConfig.cmake.in
================================================
# Generates a macro to auto-configure everything
@PACKAGE_INIT@

# Setting these here so they're accessible after install.
# Might be useful for some users to check which settings were used.
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL @HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL@)
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL @HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL@)
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS @HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS@)
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB @HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB@)
set(HTTPLIB_IS_COMPILED @HTTPLIB_COMPILE@)
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI @HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI@)
set(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO @HTTPLIB_IS_USING_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO@)
set(HTTPLIB_VERSION @PROJECT_VERSION@)

include(CMakeFindDependencyMacro)

# We add find_dependency calls here to not make the end-user have to call them.
find_dependency(Threads)
if(@HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL@)
	# OpenSSL COMPONENTS were added in Cmake v3.11
	if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS "3.11")
		find_dependency(OpenSSL @_HTTPLIB_OPENSSL_MIN_VER@)
	else()
		# Once the COMPONENTS were added, they were made optional when not specified.
		# Since we use both, we need to search for both.
		find_dependency(OpenSSL @_HTTPLIB_OPENSSL_MIN_VER@ COMPONENTS Crypto SSL)
	endif()
	set(httplib_OpenSSL_FOUND ${OpenSSL_FOUND})
endif()

if(@HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZLIB@)
	find_dependency(ZLIB)
	set(httplib_ZLIB_FOUND ${ZLIB_FOUND})
endif()

if(@HTTPLIB_IS_USING_WOLFSSL@)
	find_dependency(wolfssl)
	set(httplib_wolfssl_FOUND ${wolfssl_FOUND})
endif()

if(@HTTPLIB_IS_USING_MBEDTLS@)
	find_dependency(MbedTLS)
	set(httplib_MbedTLS_FOUND ${MbedTLS_FOUND})
endif()

if(@HTTPLIB_IS_USING_BROTLI@)
	# Needed so we can use our own FindBrotli.cmake in this file.
	# Note that the FindBrotli.cmake file is installed in the same dir as this file.
	list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}")
	set(BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS @BROTLI_USE_STATIC_LIBS@)
	find_dependency(Brotli COMPONENTS common encoder decoder)
	set(httplib_Brotli_FOUND ${Brotli_FOUND})
endif()

if(@HTTPLIB_IS_USING_ZSTD@)
	set(httplib_fd_zstd_quiet_arg)
	if(${CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NAME}_FIND_QUIETLY)
		set(httplib_fd_zstd_quiet_arg QUIET)
	endif()
	set(httplib_fd_zstd_required_arg)
	if(${CMAKE_FIND_PACKAGE_NAME}_FIND_REQUIRED)
		set(httplib_fd_zstd_required_arg REQUIRED)
	endif()
	find_package(zstd QUIET)
	if(NOT zstd_FOUND)
		find_package(PkgConfig ${httplib_fd_zstd_quiet_arg} ${httplib_fd_zstd_required_arg})
		if(PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
			pkg_check_modules(zstd ${httplib_fd_zstd_quiet_arg} ${httplib_fd_zstd_required_arg} IMPORTED_TARGET libzstd)

			if(TARGET PkgConfig::zstd)
				add_library(zstd::libzstd ALIAS PkgConfig::zstd)
			endif()
		endif()
	endif()
	set(httplib_zstd_FOUND ${zstd_FOUND})
endif()

# Mildly useful for end-users
# Not really recommended to be used though
set_and_check(HTTPLIB_INCLUDE_DIR "@PACKAGE_CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_INCLUDEDIR@")
# Lets the end-user find the header path with the header appended
# This is helpful if you're using Cmake's pre-compiled header feature
set_and_check(HTTPLIB_HEADER_PATH "@PACKAGE_CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_INCLUDEDIR@/httplib.h")

check_required_components(httplib)

# Brings in the target library, but only if all required components are found
if(NOT DEFINED httplib_FOUND OR httplib_FOUND)
	include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/httplibTargets.cmake")
endif()

# Outputs a "found httplib /usr/include/httplib.h" message when using find_package(httplib)
include(FindPackageMessage)
if(TARGET httplib::httplib)
	set(HTTPLIB_FOUND TRUE)

	# Since the compiled version has a lib, show that in the message
	if(@HTTPLIB_COMPILE@)
		# The list of configurations is most likely just 1 unless they installed a debug & release
		get_target_property(_httplib_configs httplib::httplib "IMPORTED_CONFIGURATIONS")
		# Need to loop since the "IMPORTED_LOCATION" property isn't want we want.
		# Instead, we need to find the IMPORTED_LOCATION_RELEASE or IMPORTED_LOCATION_DEBUG which has the lib path.
		foreach(_httplib_conf "${_httplib_configs}")
			# Grab the path to the lib and sets it to HTTPLIB_LIBRARY
			get_target_property(HTTPLIB_LIBRARY httplib::httplib "IMPORTED_LOCATION_${_httplib_conf}")
			# Check if we found it
			if(HTTPLIB_LIBRARY)
				break()
			endif()
		endforeach()

		unset(_httplib_configs)
		unset(_httplib_conf)

		find_package_message(httplib "Found httplib: ${HTTPLIB_LIBRARY} (found version \"${HTTPLIB_VERSION}\")" "[${HTTPLIB_LIBRARY}][${HTTPLIB_HEADER_PATH}]")
	else()
		find_package_message(httplib "Found httplib: ${HTTPLIB_HEADER_PATH} (found version \"${HTTPLIB_VERSION}\")" "[${HTTPLIB_HEADER_PATH}]")
	endif()
endif()


================================================
FILE: cmake/modules.cmake
================================================
# This file contains C++20 module support requiring CMake 3.28+
# Included conditionally to prevent parse errors on older CMake versions

if(HTTPLIB_BUILD_MODULES)
	if(POLICY CMP0155)
		cmake_policy(SET CMP0155 NEW)
	endif()

	set(CMAKE_CXX_SCAN_FOR_MODULES ON)
	
	target_sources(${PROJECT_NAME}
		PUBLIC
			FILE_SET CXX_MODULES 
			BASE_DIRS 
				"${_httplib_build_includedir}"
			FILES
				"${_httplib_build_includedir}/httplib.cppm"
	)
endif()


================================================
FILE: docker/html/index.html
================================================
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to cpp-httplib!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to cpp-httplib!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the cpp-httplib web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib">github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib</a>.<br/>

<p><em>Thank you for using cpp-httplib.</em></p>
</body>
</html>


================================================
FILE: docker/main.cc
================================================
//
//  main.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <ctime>
#include <format>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sstream>

#include <httplib.h>

using namespace httplib;

const auto SERVER_NAME =
    std::format("cpp-httplib-server/{}", CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION);

Server svr;

void signal_handler(int signal) {
  if (signal == SIGINT || signal == SIGTERM) {
    std::cout << "\nReceived signal, shutting down gracefully...\n";
    svr.stop();
  }
}

std::string get_time_format() {
  auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
  auto time_t = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(now);

  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << std::put_time(std::localtime(&time_t), "%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z");
  return ss.str();
}

std::string get_error_time_format() {
  auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
  auto time_t = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(now);

  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << std::put_time(std::localtime(&time_t), "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S");
  return ss.str();
}

// NGINX Combined log format:
// $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent
// "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"
void nginx_access_logger(const Request &req, const Response &res) {
  std::string remote_user =
      "-"; // cpp-httplib doesn't have built-in auth user tracking
  auto time_local = get_time_format();
  auto request = std::format("{} {} {}", req.method, req.path, req.version);
  auto status = res.status;
  auto body_bytes_sent = res.body.size();
  auto http_referer = req.get_header_value("Referer");
  if (http_referer.empty()) http_referer = "-";
  auto http_user_agent = req.get_header_value("User-Agent");
  if (http_user_agent.empty()) http_user_agent = "-";

  std::cout << std::format("{} - {} [{}] \"{}\" {} {} \"{}\" \"{}\"",
                           req.remote_addr, remote_user, time_local, request,
                           status, body_bytes_sent, http_referer,
                           http_user_agent)
            << std::endl;
}

// NGINX Error log format:
// YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS [level] message, client: client_ip, request: "request",
// host: "host"
void nginx_error_logger(const Error &err, const Request *req) {
  auto time_local = get_error_time_format();
  std::string level = "error";

  if (req) {
    auto request =
        std::format("{} {} {}", req->method, req->path, req->version);
    auto host = req->get_header_value("Host");
    if (host.empty()) host = "-";

    std::cerr << std::format("{} [{}] {}, client: {}, request: "
                             "\"{}\", host: \"{}\"",
                             time_local, level, to_string(err),
                             req->remote_addr, request, host)
              << std::endl;
  } else {
    // If no request context, just log the error
    std::cerr << std::format("{} [{}] {}", time_local, level, to_string(err))
              << std::endl;
  }
}

void print_usage(const char *program_name) {
  std::cout << "Usage: " << program_name << " [OPTIONS]" << std::endl;
  std::cout << std::endl;
  std::cout << "Options:" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  --host <hostname>        Server hostname (default: localhost)"
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  --port <port>            Server port (default: 8080)"
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  --mount <mount:path>     Mount point and document root"
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "                           Format: mount_point:document_root"
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "                           (default: /:./html)" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  --trusted-proxy <ip>     Add trusted proxy IP address"
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "                           (can be specified multiple times)"
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  --version                Show version information"
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  --help                   Show this help message" << std::endl;
  std::cout << std::endl;
  std::cout << "Examples:" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  " << program_name
            << " --host localhost --port 8080 --mount /:./html" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  " << program_name
            << " --host 0.0.0.0 --port 3000 --mount /api:./api" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "  " << program_name
            << " --trusted-proxy 192.168.1.100 --trusted-proxy 10.0.0.1"
            << std::endl;
}

struct ServerConfig {
  std::string hostname = "localhost";
  int port = 8080;
  std::string mount_point = "/";
  std::string document_root = "./html";
  std::vector<std::string> trusted_proxies;
};

enum class ParseResult { SUCCESS, HELP_REQUESTED, VERSION_REQUESTED, ERROR };

ParseResult parse_command_line(int argc, char *argv[], ServerConfig &config) {
  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
    if (strcmp(argv[i], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "-h") == 0) {
      print_usage(argv[0]);
      return ParseResult::HELP_REQUESTED;
    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--host") == 0) {
      if (i + 1 >= argc) {
        std::cerr << "Error: --host requires a hostname argument" << std::endl;
        print_usage(argv[0]);
        return ParseResult::ERROR;
      }
      config.hostname = argv[++i];
    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--port") == 0) {
      if (i + 1 >= argc) {
        std::cerr << "Error: --port requires a port number argument"
                  << std::endl;
        print_usage(argv[0]);
        return ParseResult::ERROR;
      }
      config.port = std::atoi(argv[++i]);
      if (config.port <= 0 || config.port > 65535) {
        std::cerr << "Error: Invalid port number. Must be between 1 and 65535"
                  << std::endl;
        return ParseResult::ERROR;
      }
    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--mount") == 0) {
      if (i + 1 >= argc) {
        std::cerr
            << "Error: --mount requires mount_point:document_root argument"
            << std::endl;
        print_usage(argv[0]);
        return ParseResult::ERROR;
      }
      std::string mount_arg = argv[++i];
      auto colon_pos = mount_arg.find(':');
      if (colon_pos == std::string::npos) {
        std::cerr << "Error: --mount argument must be in format "
                     "mount_point:document_root"
                  << std::endl;
        print_usage(argv[0]);
        return ParseResult::ERROR;
      }
      config.mount_point = mount_arg.substr(0, colon_pos);
      config.document_root = mount_arg.substr(colon_pos + 1);

      if (config.mount_point.empty() || config.document_root.empty()) {
        std::cerr
            << "Error: Both mount_point and document_root must be non-empty"
            << std::endl;
        return ParseResult::ERROR;
      }
    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--version") == 0) {
      std::cout << CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION << std::endl;
      return ParseResult::VERSION_REQUESTED;
    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--trusted-proxy") == 0) {
      if (i + 1 >= argc) {
        std::cerr << "Error: --trusted-proxy requires an IP address argument"
                  << std::endl;
        print_usage(argv[0]);
        return ParseResult::ERROR;
      }
      config.trusted_proxies.push_back(argv[++i]);
    } else {
      std::cerr << "Error: Unknown option '" << argv[i] << "'" << std::endl;
      print_usage(argv[0]);
      return ParseResult::ERROR;
    }
  }
  return ParseResult::SUCCESS;
}

bool setup_server(Server &svr, const ServerConfig &config) {
  svr.set_logger(nginx_access_logger);
  svr.set_error_logger(nginx_error_logger);

  // Set trusted proxies if specified
  if (!config.trusted_proxies.empty()) {
    svr.set_trusted_proxies(config.trusted_proxies);
  }

  auto ret = svr.set_mount_point(config.mount_point, config.document_root);
  if (!ret) {
    std::cerr
        << std::format(
               "Error: Cannot mount '{}' to '{}'. Directory may not exist.",
               config.mount_point, config.document_root)
        << std::endl;
    return false;
  }

  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("html", "text/html");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("htm", "text/html");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("css", "text/css");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("js", "text/javascript");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("json", "application/json");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("xml", "application/xml");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("png", "image/png");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("jpg", "image/jpeg");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("jpeg", "image/jpeg");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("gif", "image/gif");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("svg", "image/svg+xml");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("ico", "image/x-icon");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("pdf", "application/pdf");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("zip", "application/zip");
  svr.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("txt", "text/plain");

  svr.set_error_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    if (res.status == 404) {
      res.set_content(
          std::format(
              "<html><head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>"
              "<body><h1>404 Not Found</h1>"
              "<p>The requested resource was not found on this server.</p>"
              "<hr><p>{}</p></body></html>",
              SERVER_NAME),
          "text/html");
    }
  });

  svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_header("Server", SERVER_NAME);
    return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
  });

  signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);
  signal(SIGTERM, signal_handler);

  return true;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  ServerConfig config;

  auto result = parse_command_line(argc, argv, config);
  switch (result) {
  case ParseResult::HELP_REQUESTED:
  case ParseResult::VERSION_REQUESTED: return 0;
  case ParseResult::ERROR: return 1;
  case ParseResult::SUCCESS: break;
  }

  if (!setup_server(svr, config)) { return 1; }

  std::cout << "Serving HTTP on " << config.hostname << ":" << config.port
            << std::endl;
  std::cout << "Mount point: " << config.mount_point << " -> "
            << config.document_root << std::endl;

  if (!config.trusted_proxies.empty()) {
    std::cout << "Trusted proxies: ";
    for (size_t i = 0; i < config.trusted_proxies.size(); ++i) {
      if (i > 0) std::cout << ", ";
      std::cout << config.trusted_proxies[i];
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
  }

  std::cout << "Press Ctrl+C to shutdown gracefully..." << std::endl;

  auto ret = svr.listen(config.hostname, config.port);

  std::cout << "Server has been shut down." << std::endl;

  return ret ? 0 : 1;
}


================================================
FILE: docker-compose.yml
================================================
services:
  http:
    build: .
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    volumes:
      - ./docker/html:/html


================================================
FILE: docs-src/config.toml
================================================
[system]
theme = "monotone"
langs = ["en", "ja"]

[site]
title = "cpp-httplib"
version = "0.38.0"
hostname = "https://yhirose.github.io"
base_path = "/cpp-httplib"
footer_message = "© 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved."

[[nav]]
label = "Tour"
path = "tour/"
icon_svg = '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><polygon points="16.24 7.76 14.12 14.12 7.76 16.24 9.88 9.88 16.24 7.76"/></svg>'

[[nav]]
label = "Cookbook"
path = "cookbook/"
icon_svg = '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M4 19.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 6.5 17H20"/><path d="M6.5 2H20v20H6.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 4 19.5v-15A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 6.5 2z"/></svg>'

[[nav]]
label = "LLM App"
path = "llm-app/"
icon_svg = '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M4 19.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 6.5 17H20"/><path d="M6.5 2H20v20H6.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 4 19.5v-15A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 6.5 2z"/></svg>'

[[nav]]
label = "GitHub"
url = "https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib"
icon_svg = '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M9 19c-5 1.5-5-2.5-7-3m14 6v-3.87a3.37 3.37 0 0 0-.94-2.61c3.14-.35 6.44-1.54 6.44-7A5.44 5.44 0 0 0 20 4.77 5.07 5.07 0 0 0 19.91 1S18.73.65 16 2.48a13.38 13.38 0 0 0-7 0C6.27.65 5.09 1 5.09 1A5.07 5.07 0 0 0 5 4.77a5.44 5.44 0 0 0-1.5 3.78c0 5.42 3.3 6.61 6.44 7A3.37 3.37 0 0 0 9 18.13V22"/></svg>'


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/cookbook/index.md
================================================
---
title: "Cookbook"
order: 0
status: "draft"
---

A collection of recipes that answer "How do I...?" questions. Each recipe is self-contained — read only what you need.

## Client

### Basics
- Get the response body as a string / save to a file
- Send and receive JSON
- Set default headers (`set_default_headers`)
- Follow redirects (`set_follow_location`)

### Authentication
- Use Basic authentication (`set_basic_auth`)
- Call an API with a Bearer token

### File Upload
- Upload a file as multipart form data (`make_file_provider`)
- POST a file as raw binary (`make_file_body`)
- Send the body with chunked transfer (Content Provider)

### Streaming & Progress
- Receive a response as a stream
- Use the progress callback (`DownloadProgress` / `UploadProgress`)

### Connection & Performance
- Set timeouts (`set_connection_timeout` / `set_read_timeout`)
- Set an overall timeout (`set_max_timeout`)
- Understand connection reuse and Keep-Alive behavior
- Enable compression (`set_compress` / `set_decompress`)
- Send requests through a proxy (`set_proxy`)

### Error Handling & Debugging
- Handle error codes (`Result::error()`)
- Handle SSL errors (`ssl_error()` / `ssl_backend_error()`)
- Set up client logging (`set_logger` / `set_error_logger`)

## Server

### Basics
- Register GET / POST / PUT / DELETE handlers
- Receive JSON requests and return JSON responses
- Use path parameters (`/users/:id`)
- Set up a static file server (`set_mount_point`)

### Streaming & Files
- Stream a large file in the response (`ContentProvider`)
- Return a file download response (`Content-Disposition`)
- Receive multipart data as a stream (`ContentReader`)
- Compress responses (gzip)

### Handler Chain
- Add pre-processing to all routes (Pre-routing handler)
- Add response headers with a Post-routing handler (CORS, etc.)
- Authenticate per route with a Pre-request handler (`matched_route`)
- Pass data between handlers with `res.user_data`

### Error Handling & Debugging
- Return custom error pages (`set_error_handler`)
- Catch exceptions (`set_exception_handler`)
- Log requests (Logger)
- Detect client disconnection (`req.is_connection_closed()`)

### Operations & Tuning
- Assign a port dynamically (`bind_to_any_port`)
- Control startup order with `listen_after_bind`
- Shut down gracefully (`stop()` and signal handling)
- Tune Keep-Alive (`set_keep_alive_max_count` / `set_keep_alive_timeout`)
- Configure the thread pool (`new_task_queue`)

## TLS / Security

- Choosing between OpenSSL, mbedTLS, and wolfSSL (build-time `#define` differences)
- Control SSL certificate verification (disable, custom CA, custom callback)
- Use a custom certificate verification callback (`set_server_certificate_verifier`)
- Set up an SSL/TLS server (certificate and private key)
- Configure mTLS (mutual TLS with client certificates)
- Access the peer certificate on the server (`req.peer_cert()` / SNI)

## SSE

- Implement an SSE server
- Use event names to distinguish event types
- Handle reconnection (`Last-Event-ID`)
- Receive SSE events on the client

## WebSocket

- Implement a WebSocket echo server and client
- Configure heartbeats (`set_websocket_ping_interval` / `CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND`)
- Handle connection close
- Send and receive binary frames


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/index.md
================================================
---
title: "cpp-httplib"
order: 0
---

[cpp-httplib](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib) is an HTTP/HTTPS library for C++. Just copy a single header file, [`httplib.h`](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/raw/refs/tags/latest/httplib.h), and you're ready to go.

When you need a quick HTTP server or client in C++, you want something that just works. That's exactly why I built cpp-httplib. You can start writing both servers and clients in just a few lines of code.

The API uses a lambda-based design that feels natural. It runs anywhere you have a C++11 or later compiler. Windows, macOS, Linux — use whatever environment you already have.

HTTPS works too. Just link OpenSSL or mbedTLS, and both server and client gain TLS support. Content-Encoding (gzip, Brotli, etc.), file uploads, and other features you actually need in real-world development are all included. WebSocket is also supported.

Under the hood, it uses blocking I/O with a thread pool. It's not built for handling massive numbers of simultaneous connections. But for API servers, embedded HTTP in tools, mock servers for testing, and many other use cases, it delivers solid performance.

"Solve today's problem, today." That's the kind of simplicity cpp-httplib aims for.

## Documentation

- [A Tour of cpp-httplib](tour/) — A step-by-step tutorial covering the basics. Start here if you're new

## Stay Tuned

- [Cookbook](cookbook/) — A collection of recipes organized by topic. Jump to whatever you need
- [Building a Desktop LLM App](llm-app/) — A hands-on guide to building a desktop app with llama.cpp, step by step


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/llm-app/index.md
================================================
---
title: "Building a Desktop LLM App with cpp-httplib"
order: 0
status: "draft"
---

Build an LLM-powered translation desktop app step by step, learning both the server and client sides of cpp-httplib along the way. Translation is just an example — swap it out to build your own summarizer, code generator, chatbot, or any other LLM application.

## Dependencies

- [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp) — LLM inference engine
- [nlohmann/json](https://github.com/nlohmann/json) — JSON parser (header-only)
- [webview/webview](https://github.com/webview/webview) — WebView wrapper (header-only)
- [cpp-httplib](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib) — HTTP server/client (header-only)

## Chapters

1. **Embed llama.cpp and create a REST API** — Start with a simple API that accepts text via POST and returns a translation as JSON
2. **Add token streaming with SSE** — Stream translation results token by token using the standard LLM API approach
3. **Add model discovery and download** — Use the client to search and download GGUF models from Hugging Face
4. **Add a Web UI** — Serve a translation UI with static file hosting, making the app accessible from a browser
5. **Turn it into a desktop app with WebView** — Wrap the web app with webview/webview to create an Electron-like desktop application
6. **Code reading: llama.cpp's server implementation** — Compare your implementation with production-quality code and learn from the differences


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/01-getting-started.md
================================================
---
title: "Getting Started"
order: 1
---

All you need to get started with cpp-httplib is `httplib.h` and a C++ compiler. Let's download the file and get a Hello World server running.

## Getting httplib.h

You can download it directly from GitHub. Always use the latest version.

```sh
curl -LO https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/raw/refs/tags/latest/httplib.h
```

Place the downloaded `httplib.h` in your project directory and you're good to go.

## Setting Up Your Compiler

| OS | Development Environment | Setup |
| -- | ----------------------- | ----- |
| macOS | Apple Clang | Xcode Command Line Tools (`xcode-select --install`) |
| Ubuntu | clang++ or g++ | `apt install clang` or `apt install g++` |
| Windows | MSVC | Visual Studio 2022 or later (install with C++ components) |

## Hello World Server

Save the following code as `server.cpp`.

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.Get("/", [](const httplib::Request&, httplib::Response& res) {
        res.set_content("Hello, World!", "text/plain");
    });

    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

In just a few lines, you have a server that responds to HTTP requests.

## Compiling and Running

The sample code in this tutorial is written in C++17 for cleaner, more concise code. cpp-httplib itself can compile with C++11 as well.

```sh
# macOS
clang++ -std=c++17 -o server server.cpp

# Linux
# `-pthread`: cpp-httplib uses threads internally
clang++ -std=c++17 -pthread -o server server.cpp

# Windows (Developer Command Prompt)
# `/EHsc`: Enable C++ exception handling
cl /EHsc /std:c++17 server.cpp
```

Once it compiles, run it.

```sh
# macOS / Linux
./server

# Windows
server.exe
```

Open `http://localhost:8080` in your browser. If you see "Hello, World!", you're all set.

You can also verify with `curl`.

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/
# Hello, World!
```

To stop the server, press `Ctrl+C` in your terminal.

## Next Steps

Now you know the basics of running a server. Next, let's look at the client side. cpp-httplib also comes with HTTP client functionality.

**Next:** [Basic Client](../02-basic-client)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/02-basic-client.md
================================================
---
title: "Basic Client"
order: 2
---

cpp-httplib isn't just for servers -- it also comes with a full HTTP client. Let's use `httplib::Client` to send GET and POST requests.

## Preparing a Test Server

To try out the client, you need a server that accepts requests. Save the following code, then compile and run it the same way you did in the previous chapter. We'll cover the server details in the next chapter.

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
        res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Get("/search", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto q = req.get_param_value("q");
        res.set_content("Query: " + q, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Post("/post", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Post("/submit", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        std::string result;
        for (auto &[key, val] : req.params) {
            result += key + " = " + val + "\n";
        }
        res.set_content(result, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Post("/upload", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto f = req.form.get_file("file");
        auto content = f.filename + " (" + std::to_string(f.content.size()) + " bytes)";
        res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Get("/users/:id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto id = req.path_params.at("id");
        res.set_content("User ID: " + id, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Get(R"(/files/(\d+))", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto id = req.matches[1];
        res.set_content("File ID: " + std::string(id), "text/plain");
    });

    std::cout << "Listening on port 8080..." << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

## GET Request

Once the server is running, open a separate terminal and give it a try. Let's start with the simplest GET request.

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200
        std::cout << res->body << std::endl;    // Hello!
    }
}
```

Pass the server address to the `httplib::Client` constructor, then call `Get()` to send a request. You can retrieve the status code and body from the returned `res`.

Here's the equivalent `curl` command.

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/hi
# Hello!
```

## Checking the Response

A response contains header information in addition to the status code and body.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
if (res) {
    // Status code
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200

    // Body
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Hello!

    // Headers
    std::cout << res->get_header_value("Content-Type") << std::endl;  // text/plain
}
```

`res->body` is a `std::string`, so if you want to parse a JSON response, you can pass it directly to a JSON library like [nlohmann/json](https://github.com/nlohmann/json).

## Query Parameters

To add query parameters to a GET request, you can either write them directly in the URL or use `httplib::Params`.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/search", httplib::Params{{"q", "cpp-httplib"}});
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Query: cpp-httplib
}
```

`httplib::Params` automatically URL-encodes special characters for you.

```sh
curl "http://localhost:8080/search?q=cpp-httplib"
# Query: cpp-httplib
```

## Path Parameters

When values are embedded directly in the URL path, no special client API is needed. Just pass the path to `Get()` as-is.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/users/42");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // User ID: 42
}
```

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/users/42
# User ID: 42
```

The test server also has a `/files/(\d+)` route that uses a regex to accept numeric IDs only.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/files/42");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // File ID: 42
}
```

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/files/42
# File ID: 42
```

Pass a non-numeric ID like `/files/abc` and you'll get a 404. We'll cover how that works in the next chapter.

## Request Headers

To add custom HTTP headers, pass an `httplib::Headers` object. This works with both `Get()` and `Post()`.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/hi", httplib::Headers{
    {"Authorization", "Bearer my-token"}
});
```

```sh
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer my-token" http://localhost:8080/hi
```

## POST Request

Let's POST some text data. Pass the body as the second argument to `Post()` and the Content-Type as the third.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Post("/post", "Hello, Server!", "text/plain");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;    // Hello, Server!
}
```

The test server's `/post` endpoint echoes the body back, so you get the same string you sent.

```sh
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: text/plain" -d "Hello, Server!" http://localhost:8080/post
# Hello, Server!
```

## Sending Form Data

You can send key-value pairs just like an HTML form. Use `httplib::Params` for this.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Post("/submit", httplib::Params{
    {"name", "Alice"},
    {"age", "30"}
});
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;
    // age = 30
    // name = Alice
}
```

This sends the data in `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` format.

```sh
curl -X POST -d "name=Alice&age=30" http://localhost:8080/submit
```

## POSTing a File

To upload a file, use `httplib::UploadFormDataItems` to send it as multipart form data.

```cpp
auto res = cli.Post("/upload", httplib::UploadFormDataItems{
    {"file", "Hello, File!", "hello.txt", "text/plain"}
});
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // hello.txt (12 bytes)
}
```

Each element in `UploadFormDataItems` has four fields: `{name, content, filename, content_type}`.

```sh
curl -F "file=Hello, File!;filename=hello.txt;type=text/plain" http://localhost:8080/upload
```

## Error Handling

Network communication can fail -- the server might not be reachable. Always check whether `res` is valid.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:9999");  // Non-existent port
auto res = cli.Get("/hi");

if (!res) {
    // Connection error
    std::cout << "Error: " << httplib::to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
    // Error: Connection
    return 1;
}

// If we reach here, we have a response
if (res->status != 200) {
    std::cout << "HTTP Error: " << res->status << std::endl;
    return 1;
}

std::cout << res->body << std::endl;
```

There are two levels of errors.

- **Connection error**: The client couldn't reach the server. `res` evaluates to false, and you can call `res.error()` to find out what went wrong.
- **HTTP error**: The server returned an error status (404, 500, etc.). `res` evaluates to true, but you need to check `res->status`.

## Next Steps

Now you know how to send requests from a client. Next, let's take a closer look at the server side. We'll dig into routing, path parameters, and more.

**Next:** [Basic Server](../03-basic-server)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/03-basic-server.md
================================================
---
title: "Basic Server"
order: 3
---

In the previous chapter, you sent requests from a client to a test server. Now let's walk through how that server actually works.

## Starting the Server

Once you've registered your routes, call `svr.listen()` to start the server.

```cpp
svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
```

The first argument is the host, and the second is the port. `"0.0.0.0"` listens on all network interfaces. Use `"127.0.0.1"` if you want to accept connections from your own machine only.

`listen()` is a blocking call. It won't return until the server stops. The server keeps running until you press `Ctrl+C` in your terminal or call `svr.stop()` from another thread.

## Routing

Routing is the heart of any server. It's how you tell cpp-httplib: when a request comes in for this URL with this HTTP method, run this code.

```cpp
httplib::Server svr;

svr.Get("/hi", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

`svr.Get()` registers a handler for GET requests. The first argument is the path, the second is the handler function. When a GET request arrives at `/hi`, your lambda runs.

There's a method for each HTTP verb.

```cpp
svr.Get("/path",    handler);  // GET
svr.Post("/path",   handler);  // POST
svr.Put("/path",    handler);  // PUT
svr.Delete("/path", handler);  // DELETE
```

The handler signature is `(const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res)`. You can use `auto` to keep it short.

```cpp
svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

The handler only runs when the path matches. Requests to unregistered paths automatically return 404.

## The Request Object

The first parameter `req` gives you everything the client sent.

### Body

`req.body` holds the request body as a `std::string`.

```cpp
svr.Post("/post", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    // Echo the body back to the client
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
});
```

### Headers

Use `req.get_header_value()` to read a request header.

```cpp
svr.Get("/check", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto auth = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
    res.set_content("Auth: " + auth, "text/plain");
});
```

### Query Parameters and Form Data

`req.get_param_value()` retrieves a parameter by name. It works for both GET query parameters and POST form data.

```cpp
svr.Get("/search", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto q = req.get_param_value("q");
    res.set_content("Query: " + q, "text/plain");
});
```

A request to `/search?q=cpp-httplib` gives you `"cpp-httplib"` for `q`.

To loop over all parameters, use `req.params`.

```cpp
svr.Post("/submit", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    std::string result;
    for (auto &[key, val] : req.params) {
        result += key + " = " + val + "\n";
    }
    res.set_content(result, "text/plain");
});
```

### File Uploads

Files uploaded via multipart form data are available through `req.form.get_file()`.

```cpp
svr.Post("/upload", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto f = req.form.get_file("file");
    auto content = f.filename + " (" + std::to_string(f.content.size()) + " bytes)";
    res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
});
```

`f.filename` gives you the filename, and `f.content` gives you the file data.

## Path Parameters

Sometimes you want to capture part of the URL as a variable -- for example, the `42` in `/users/42`. Use the `:param` syntax to do that.

```cpp
svr.Get("/users/:id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.path_params.at("id");
    res.set_content("User ID: " + id, "text/plain");
});
```

A request to `/users/42` gives you `"42"` from `req.path_params.at("id")`. `/users/100` gives you `"100"`.

You can capture multiple segments at once.

```cpp
svr.Get("/users/:user_id/posts/:post_id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto user_id = req.path_params.at("user_id");
    auto post_id = req.path_params.at("post_id");
    res.set_content("User: " + user_id + ", Post: " + post_id, "text/plain");
});
```

### Regex Patterns

You can also write a regular expression directly in the path instead of `:param`. Capture group values are available via `req.matches`, which is a `std::smatch`.

```cpp
// Only accept numeric IDs
svr.Get(R"(/files/(\d+))", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.matches[1];  // First capture group
    res.set_content("File ID: " + std::string(id), "text/plain");
});
```

`/files/42` matches, but `/files/abc` doesn't. This is handy when you want to constrain what values are accepted.

## Building a Response

The second parameter `res` is how you send data back to the client.

### Body and Content-Type

`res.set_content()` sets the body and Content-Type. That's all you need for a 200 response.

```cpp
svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

### Status Code

To return a different status code, assign to `res.status`.

```cpp
svr.Get("/not-found", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.status = 404;
    res.set_content("Not found", "text/plain");
});
```

### Response Headers

Add response headers with `res.set_header()`.

```cpp
svr.Get("/with-header", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_header("X-Custom", "my-value");
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

## Walking Through the Test Server

Now let's use what we've learned to read through the test server from the previous chapter.

### GET /hi

```cpp
svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

The simplest possible handler. We don't need any information from the request, so the `req` parameter is left unnamed. It just returns `"Hello!"`.

### GET /search

```cpp
svr.Get("/search", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto q = req.get_param_value("q");
    res.set_content("Query: " + q, "text/plain");
});
```

`req.get_param_value("q")` pulls out the query parameter `q`. A request to `/search?q=cpp-httplib` returns `"Query: cpp-httplib"`.

### POST /post

```cpp
svr.Post("/post", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
});
```

An echo server. Whatever body the client sends, `req.body` holds it, and we send it straight back.

### POST /submit

```cpp
svr.Post("/submit", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    std::string result;
    for (auto &[key, val] : req.params) {
        result += key + " = " + val + "\n";
    }
    res.set_content(result, "text/plain");
});
```

Loops over the form data in `req.params` using structured bindings (`auto &[key, val]`) to unpack each key-value pair.

### POST /upload

```cpp
svr.Post("/upload", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto f = req.form.get_file("file");
    auto content = f.filename + " (" + std::to_string(f.content.size()) + " bytes)";
    res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
});
```

Receives a file uploaded via multipart form data. `req.form.get_file("file")` fetches the field named `"file"`, and we respond with the filename and size.

### GET /users/:id

```cpp
svr.Get("/users/:id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.path_params.at("id");
    res.set_content("User ID: " + id, "text/plain");
});
```

`:id` is the path parameter. `req.path_params.at("id")` retrieves its value. `/users/42` gives you `"42"`, `/users/alice` gives you `"alice"`.

### GET /files/(\d+)

```cpp
svr.Get(R"(/files/(\d+))", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.matches[1];
    res.set_content("File ID: " + std::string(id), "text/plain");
});
```

The regex `(\d+)` matches numeric IDs only. `/files/42` hits this handler, but `/files/abc` returns 404. `req.matches[1]` retrieves the first capture group.

## Next Steps

You now have the full picture of how a server works. Routing, reading requests, building responses -- that's enough to build a real API server.

Next, let's look at serving static files. We'll build a server that delivers HTML and CSS.

**Next:** [Static File Server](../04-static-file-server)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/04-static-file-server.md
================================================
---
title: "Static File Server"
order: 4
---

cpp-httplib can serve static files too — HTML, CSS, images, you name it. No complicated configuration required. One call to `set_mount_point()` is all it takes.

## The basics of set_mount_point

Let's jump right in. `set_mount_point()` maps a URL path to a local directory.

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.set_mount_point("/", "./html");

    std::cout << "Listening on port 8080..." << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

The first argument is the URL mount point. The second is the local directory path. In this example, requests to `/` are served from the `./html` directory.

Let's try it out. First, create an `html` directory and add an `index.html` file.

```sh
mkdir html
```

```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>My Page</title></head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello from cpp-httplib!</h1>
    <p>This is a static file.</p>
</body>
</html>
```

Compile and start the server.

```sh
g++ -std=c++17 -o server server.cpp -pthread
./server
```

Open `http://localhost:8080` in your browser. You should see the contents of `html/index.html`. Visiting `http://localhost:8080/index.html` returns the same page.

You can also access it with the client code from the previous chapter, or with `curl`.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
auto res = cli.Get("/");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // HTML is displayed
}
```

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080
```

## Multiple mount points

You can call `set_mount_point()` as many times as you like. Each URL path gets its own directory.

```cpp
svr.set_mount_point("/", "./public");
svr.set_mount_point("/assets", "./static/assets");
svr.set_mount_point("/docs", "./documentation");
```

A request to `/assets/style.css` serves `./static/assets/style.css`. A request to `/docs/guide.html` serves `./documentation/guide.html`.

## Combining with handlers

Static file serving and routing handlers — the kind you learned about in the previous chapter — work side by side.

```cpp
httplib::Server svr;

// API endpoint
svr.Get("/api/hello", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    res.set_content(R"({"message":"Hello!"})", "application/json");
});

// Static file serving
svr.set_mount_point("/", "./public");

svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
```

Handlers take priority. The handler responds to `/api/hello`. For every other path, the server looks for a file in `./public`.

## Adding response headers

Pass headers as the third argument to `set_mount_point()` and they get attached to every static file response. This is great for cache control.

```cpp
svr.set_mount_point("/", "./public", {
    {"Cache-Control", "max-age=3600"}
});
```

With this in place, the browser caches served files for one hour.

## A Dockerfile for your static file server

The cpp-httplib repository includes a `Dockerfile` built for static file serving. We also publish a pre-built image on Docker Hub, so you can get up and running with a single command.

```sh
> docker run -p 8080:80 -v ./my-site:/html yhirose4dockerhub/cpp-httplib-server
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0:80
Mount point: / -> ./html
Press Ctrl+C to shutdown gracefully...
192.168.65.1 - - [22/Feb/2026:12:00:00 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 256 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
192.168.65.1 - - [22/Feb/2026:12:00:00 +0000] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1024 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
192.168.65.1 - - [22/Feb/2026:12:00:01 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 152 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
```

Everything in your `./my-site` directory gets served on port 8080. The access log follows the same format as NGINX, so you can see exactly what's happening.

## What's next

You can now serve static files. A web server that delivers HTML, CSS, and JavaScript — built with this little code.

Next, let's encrypt your connections with HTTPS. We'll start by setting up a TLS library.

**Next:** [TLS Setup](../05-tls-setup)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/05-tls-setup.md
================================================
---
title: "TLS Setup"
order: 5
---

So far we've been using plain HTTP, but in the real world, HTTPS is the norm. To use HTTPS with cpp-httplib, you need a TLS library.

In this tour, we'll use OpenSSL. It's the most widely used option, and you'll find plenty of resources online.

## Installing OpenSSL

Install it for your OS.

| OS | How to install |
| -- | -------------- |
| macOS | [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/) (`brew install openssl`) |
| Ubuntu / Debian | `sudo apt install libssl-dev` |
| Windows | [vcpkg](https://vcpkg.io/) (`vcpkg install openssl`) |

## Compile Options

To enable TLS, define the `CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT` macro when compiling. You'll need a few extra options compared to the previous chapters.

```sh
# macOS (Homebrew)
clang++ -std=c++17 -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT \
    -I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include \
    -L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib \
    -lssl -lcrypto \
    -framework CoreFoundation -framework Security \
    -o server server.cpp

# Linux
clang++ -std=c++17 -pthread -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT \
    -lssl -lcrypto \
    -o server server.cpp

# Windows (Developer Command Prompt)
cl /EHsc /std:c++17 /DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT server.cpp libssl.lib libcrypto.lib
```

Let's look at what each option does.

- **`-DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT`** — Defines the macro that enables TLS support
- **`-lssl -lcrypto`** — Links the OpenSSL libraries
- **`-I` / `-L`** (macOS only) — Points to the Homebrew OpenSSL paths
- **`-framework CoreFoundation -framework Security`** (macOS only) — Needed to automatically load system certificates from the Keychain

## Verifying the Setup

Let's make sure everything works. Here's a simple program that passes an HTTPS URL to `httplib::Client`.

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://www.google.com");

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << "Status: " << res->status << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Error: " << httplib::to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
    }
}
```

Compile and run it. If you see `Status: 200`, your setup is complete.

## Other TLS Backends

cpp-httplib also supports Mbed TLS and wolfSSL in addition to OpenSSL. You can switch between them just by changing the macro definition and linked libraries.

| Backend | Macro | Libraries to link |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| OpenSSL | `CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT` | `libssl`, `libcrypto` |
| Mbed TLS | `CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT` | `libmbedtls`, `libmbedx509`, `libmbedcrypto` |
| wolfSSL | `CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT` | `libwolfssl` |

This tour assumes OpenSSL, but the API is the same regardless of which backend you choose.

## Next Step

You're all set with TLS. Next, let's send a request to an HTTPS site.

**Next:** [HTTPS Client](../06-https-client)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/06-https-client.md
================================================
---
title: "HTTPS Client"
order: 6
---

In the previous chapter, you set up OpenSSL. Now let's put it to use with an HTTPS client. You can use the same `httplib::Client` from Chapter 2. Just pass a URL with the `https://` scheme to the constructor.

## GET Request

Let's try accessing a real HTTPS site.

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->status << std::endl;           // 200
        std::cout << res->body.substr(0, 100) << std::endl;  // First 100 chars of the HTML
    } else {
        std::cout << "Error: " << httplib::to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
    }
}
```

In Chapter 2, you wrote `httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080")`. All you need to change is the scheme to `https://`. Every API you learned in Chapter 2 -- `Get()`, `Post()`, and so on -- works exactly the same way.

```sh
curl https://nghttp2.org/
```

## Specifying a Port

The default port for HTTPS is 443. If you need a different port, include it in the URL.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
```

## CA Certificate Verification

When connecting over HTTPS, `httplib::Client` verifies the server certificate by default. It only connects to servers whose certificate was issued by a trusted CA (Certificate Authority).

CA certificates are loaded automatically from the Keychain on macOS, the system CA certificate store on Linux, and the Windows certificate store on Windows. In most cases, no extra configuration is needed.

### Specifying a CA Certificate File

On some environments, the system CA certificates may not be found. In that case, use `set_ca_cert_path()` to specify the path directly.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");
cli.set_ca_cert_path("/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt");

auto res = cli.Get("/");
```

```sh
curl --cacert /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt https://nghttp2.org/
```

### Disabling Certificate Verification

During development, you might want to connect to a server with a self-signed certificate. You can disable verification for that.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

auto res = cli.Get("/");
```

```sh
curl -k https://localhost:8443/
```

Never disable this in production. It opens you up to man-in-the-middle attacks.

## Following Redirects

When accessing HTTPS sites, you'll often encounter redirects. For example, `http://` to `https://`, or a bare domain to `www`.

By default, redirects are not followed. You can check the redirect target in the `Location` header.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");

auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/redirect/3");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 302
    std::cout << res->get_header_value("Location") << std::endl;
}
```

```sh
curl https://nghttp2.org/httpbin/redirect/3
```

Call `set_follow_location(true)` to automatically follow redirects and get the final response.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");
cli.set_follow_location(true);

auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/redirect/3");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200 (the final response)
}
```

```sh
curl -L https://nghttp2.org/httpbin/redirect/3
```

## Next Steps

Now you know how to use the HTTPS client. Next, let's set up your own HTTPS server. We'll start with creating a self-signed certificate.

**Next:** [HTTPS Server](../07-https-server)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/07-https-server.md
================================================
---
title: "HTTPS Server"
order: 7
---

In the previous chapter, you used an HTTPS client. Now let's set up your own HTTPS server. Just swap `httplib::Server` from Chapter 3 with `httplib::SSLServer`.

A TLS server needs a server certificate and a private key, though. Let's get those ready first.

## Creating a Self-Signed Certificate

For development and testing, a self-signed certificate works just fine. You can generate one quickly with an OpenSSL command.

```sh
openssl req -x509 -noenc -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -subj /CN=localhost
```

This creates two files:

- **`cert.pem`** — Server certificate
- **`key.pem`** — Private key

## A Minimal HTTPS Server

Once you have your certificate, let's write the server.

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::SSLServer svr("cert.pem", "key.pem");

    svr.Get("/", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
        res.set_content("Hello, HTTPS!", "text/plain");
    });

    std::cout << "Listening on https://localhost:8443" << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8443);
}
```

Just pass the certificate and private key paths to the `httplib::SSLServer` constructor. The routing API is exactly the same as `httplib::Server` from Chapter 3.

Compile and start it up.

## Testing It Out

With the server running, try accessing it with `curl`. Since we're using a self-signed certificate, add the `-k` option to skip certificate verification.

```sh
curl -k https://localhost:8443/
# Hello, HTTPS!
```

If you open `https://localhost:8443` in a browser, you'll see a "This connection is not secure" warning. That's expected with a self-signed certificate. Just proceed past it.

## Connecting from a Client

Let's connect using `httplib::Client` from the previous chapter. There are two ways to connect to a server with a self-signed certificate.

### Option 1: Disable Certificate Verification

This is the quick and easy approach for development.

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Hello, HTTPS!
    }
}
```

### Option 2: Specify the Self-Signed Certificate as a CA Certificate

This is the safer approach. You tell the client to trust `cert.pem` as a CA certificate.

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
    cli.set_ca_cert_path("cert.pem");

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Hello, HTTPS!
    }
}
```

This way, only connections to the server with that specific certificate are allowed, preventing impersonation. Use this approach whenever possible, even in test environments.

## Comparing Server and SSLServer

The `httplib::Server` API you learned in Chapter 3 works exactly the same with `httplib::SSLServer`. The only difference is the constructor.

| | `httplib::Server` | `httplib::SSLServer` |
| -- | ------------------ | -------------------- |
| Constructor | No arguments | Certificate and private key paths |
| Protocol | HTTP | HTTPS |
| Port (convention) | 8080 | 8443 |
| Routing | Same | Same |

To switch an HTTP server to HTTPS, just change the constructor.

## Next Steps

Your HTTPS server is up and running. You now have the basics of both HTTP/HTTPS clients and servers covered.

Next, let's look at the WebSocket support that was recently added to cpp-httplib.

**Next:** [WebSocket](../08-websocket)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/08-websocket.md
================================================
---
title: "WebSocket"
order: 8
---

cpp-httplib supports WebSocket as well. Unlike HTTP request/response, WebSocket lets the server and client exchange messages in both directions. It's great for chat apps and real-time notifications.

Let's build an echo server and client right away.

## Echo Server

Here's an echo server that sends back whatever message it receives.

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
        std::string msg;
        while (ws.read(msg)) {
            ws.send(msg);  // Send back the received message as-is
        }
    });

    std::cout << "Listening on port 8080..." << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

You register a WebSocket handler with `svr.WebSocket()`. It works just like `svr.Get()` and `svr.Post()` from Chapter 3.

Inside the handler, `ws.read(msg)` waits for a message. When the connection closes, `read()` returns `false`, so the loop exits. `ws.send(msg)` sends a message back.

## Connecting from a Client

Let's connect to the server using `httplib::ws::WebSocketClient`.

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:8080/ws");

    if (!client.connect()) {
        std::cout << "Connection failed" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // Send a message
    client.send("Hello, WebSocket!");

    // Receive a response from the server
    std::string msg;
    if (client.read(msg)) {
        std::cout << msg << std::endl;  // Hello, WebSocket!
    }

    client.close();
}
```

Pass a URL in `ws://host:port/path` format to the constructor. Call `connect()` to start the connection, then use `send()` and `read()` to exchange messages.

## Text and Binary

WebSocket has two types of messages: text and binary. You can tell them apart by the return value of `read()`.

```cpp
svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    httplib::ws::ReadResult ret;
    while ((ret = ws.read(msg))) {
        if (ret == httplib::ws::Binary) {
            ws.send(msg.data(), msg.size());  // Send as binary
        } else {
            ws.send(msg);  // Send as text
        }
    }
});
```

- `ws.send(const std::string &)` — sends as a text message
- `ws.send(const char *, size_t)` — sends as a binary message

The client-side API is the same.

## Accessing Request Information

You can read HTTP request information from the handshake through the first argument `req` in the handler. This is handy for checking authentication tokens.

```cpp
svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    auto token = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
    if (token.empty()) {
        ws.close(httplib::ws::CloseStatus::PolicyViolation, "unauthorized");
        return;
    }

    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send(msg);
    }
});
```

## Using WSS

WebSocket over HTTPS (WSS) is also supported. On the server side, just register a WebSocket handler on `httplib::SSLServer`.

```cpp
httplib::SSLServer svr("cert.pem", "key.pem");

svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send(msg);
    }
});

svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8443);
```

On the client side, use the `wss://` scheme.

```cpp
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient client("wss://localhost:8443/ws");
```

## Next Steps

Now you know the basics of WebSocket. This wraps up the Tour.

The next page gives you a summary of features we didn't cover in the Tour.

**Next:** [What's Next](../09-whats-next)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/09-whats-next.md
================================================
---
title: "What's Next"
order: 9
---

Great job finishing the Tour! You now have a solid grasp of the cpp-httplib basics. But there's a lot more to explore. Here's a quick overview of features we didn't cover in the Tour, organized by category.

## Streaming API

When you're working with LLM streaming responses or downloading large files, you don't want to load the entire response into memory. Use `stream::Get()` to process data chunk by chunk.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:11434");

auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/api/generate");

if (result) {
    while (result.next()) {
        std::cout.write(result.data(), result.size());
    }
}
```

You can also pass a `content_receiver` callback to `Get()`. This approach works with Keep-Alive.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");

cli.Get("/stream", [](const char *data, size_t len) {
    std::cout.write(data, len);
    return true;
});
```

On the server side, you have `set_content_provider()` and `set_chunked_content_provider()`. Use the former when you know the size, and the latter when you don't.

```cpp
// With known size (sets Content-Length)
svr.Get("/file", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    auto size = get_file_size("large.bin");
    res.set_content_provider(size, "application/octet-stream",
        [](size_t offset, size_t length, httplib::DataSink &sink) {
            // Send 'length' bytes starting from 'offset'
            return true;
        });
});

// Unknown size (Chunked Transfer Encoding)
svr.Get("/stream", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/plain",
        [](size_t offset, httplib::DataSink &sink) {
            sink.write("chunk\n", 6);
            return true;  // Return false to finish
        });
});
```

For uploading large files, `make_file_provider()` comes in handy. It streams the file instead of loading it all into memory.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");

auto res = cli.Post("/upload", {}, {}, {
    httplib::make_file_provider("file", "/path/to/large-file.zip")
});
```

## Server-Sent Events (SSE)

We provide an SSE client as well. It supports automatic reconnection and resuming via `Last-Event-ID`.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events");

sse.on_message([](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::cout << msg.event << ": " << msg.data << std::endl;
});

sse.start();  // Blocking, with auto-reconnection
```

You can also set separate handlers for each event type.

```cpp
sse.on_event("update", [](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    // Only handles "update" events
});
```

## Authentication

The client has helpers for Basic auth, Bearer Token auth, and Digest auth.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://api.example.com");
cli.set_basic_auth("user", "password");
cli.set_bearer_token_auth("my-token");
```

## Compression

We support compression and decompression with gzip, Brotli, and Zstandard. Define the corresponding macro when you compile.

| Method | Macro |
| -- | -- |
| gzip | `CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT` |
| Brotli | `CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT` |
| Zstandard | `CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT` |

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_compress(true);    // Compress request body
cli.set_decompress(true);  // Decompress response body
```

## Proxy

You can connect through an HTTP proxy.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_proxy("proxy.example.com", 8080);
cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("user", "password");
```

## Timeouts

You can set connection, read, and write timeouts individually.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_connection_timeout(5, 0);  // 5 seconds
cli.set_read_timeout(10, 0);       // 10 seconds
cli.set_write_timeout(10, 0);      // 10 seconds
```

## Keep-Alive

If you're making multiple requests to the same server, enable Keep-Alive. It reuses the TCP connection, which is much more efficient.

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_keep_alive(true);
```

## Server Middleware

You can hook into request processing before and after handlers run.

```cpp
svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    // Runs before every request
    return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;  // Continue to normal routing
});

svr.set_post_routing_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    // Runs after the response is sent
    res.set_header("X-Server", "cpp-httplib");
});
```

Use `res.user_data` to pass data from middleware to handlers. This is useful for sharing things like decoded auth tokens.

```cpp
svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.user_data["auth_user"] = std::string("alice");
    return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
});

svr.Get("/me", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto user = std::any_cast<std::string>(res.user_data.at("auth_user"));
    res.set_content("Hello, " + user, "text/plain");
});
```

You can also customize error and exception handlers.

```cpp
svr.set_error_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Custom Error Page", "text/html");
});

svr.set_exception_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res, std::exception_ptr ep) {
    res.status = 500;
    res.set_content("Internal Server Error", "text/plain");
});
```

## Logging

You can set a logger on both the server and the client.

```cpp
svr.set_logger([](const auto &req, const auto &res) {
    std::cout << req.method << " " << req.path << " " << res.status << std::endl;
});
```

## Unix Domain Socket

In addition to TCP, we support Unix Domain Sockets. You can use them for inter-process communication on the same machine.

```cpp
// Server
httplib::Server svr;
svr.set_address_family(AF_UNIX);
svr.listen("/tmp/httplib.sock", 0);
```

```cpp
// Client
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost");
cli.set_address_family(AF_UNIX);
cli.set_hostname_addr_map({{"localhost", "/tmp/httplib.sock"}});

auto res = cli.Get("/");
```

## Learn More

Want to dig deeper? Check out these resources.

- Cookbook — A collection of recipes for common use cases
- [README](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README.md) — Full API reference
- [README-sse](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README-sse.md) — How to use Server-Sent Events
- [README-stream](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README-stream.md) — How to use the Streaming API
- [README-websocket](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README-websocket.md) — How to use the WebSocket server


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/en/tour/index.md
================================================
---
title: "A Tour of cpp-httplib"
order: 0
---

This is a step-by-step tutorial that walks you through the basics of cpp-httplib. Each chapter builds on the previous one, so please read them in order starting from Chapter 1.

1. [Getting Started](01-getting-started) — Get httplib.h and build a Hello World server
2. [Basic Client](02-basic-client) — Send GET/POST requests and use path parameters
3. [Basic Server](03-basic-server) — Routing, path parameters, and building responses
4. [Static File Server](04-static-file-server) — Serve static files
5. [TLS Setup](05-tls-setup) — Set up OpenSSL / mbedTLS
6. [HTTPS Client](06-https-client) — Make requests to HTTPS sites
7. [HTTPS Server](07-https-server) — Build an HTTPS server
8. [WebSocket](08-websocket) — Learn the basics of WebSocket communication
9. [What's Next](09-whats-next) — Explore more features


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/cookbook/index.md
================================================
---
title: "Cookbook"
order: 0
status: "draft"
---

「〇〇をするには？」という問いに答えるレシピ集です。各レシピは独立しているので、必要なページだけ読めます。

## クライアント

### 基本
- レスポンスボディを文字列で取得する / ファイルに保存する
- JSON を送受信する
- デフォルトヘッダーを設定する（`set_default_headers`）
- リダイレクトを追従する（`set_follow_location`）

### 認証
- Basic 認証を使う（`set_basic_auth`）
- Bearer トークンで API を呼ぶ

### ファイル送信
- ファイルをマルチパートフォームとしてアップロードする（`make_file_provider`）
- ファイルを生バイナリとして POST する（`make_file_body`）
- チャンク転送でボディを送る（Content Provider）

### ストリーミング・進捗
- レスポンスをストリーミングで受信する
- 進捗コールバックを使う（`DownloadProgress` / `UploadProgress`）

### 接続・パフォーマンス
- タイムアウトを設定する（`set_connection_timeout` / `set_read_timeout`）
- 全体タイムアウトを設定する（`set_max_timeout`）
- 接続の再利用と Keep-Alive の挙動を理解する
- 圧縮を有効にする（`set_compress` / `set_decompress`）
- プロキシを経由してリクエストを送る（`set_proxy`）

### エラー処理・デバッグ
- エラーコードをハンドリングする（`Result::error()`）
- SSL エラーをハンドリングする（`ssl_error()` / `ssl_backend_error()`）
- クライアントにログを設定する（`set_logger` / `set_error_logger`）

## サーバー

### 基本
- GET / POST / PUT / DELETE ハンドラを登録する
- JSON リクエストを受け取り JSON レスポンスを返す
- パスパラメーターを使う（`/users/:id`）
- 静的ファイルサーバーを設定する（`set_mount_point`）

### ストリーミング・ファイル
- 大きなファイルをストリーミングで返す（`ContentProvider`）
- ファイルダウンロードレスポンスを返す（`Content-Disposition`）
- マルチパートデータをストリーミングで受け取る（`ContentReader`）
- レスポンスを圧縮して返す（gzip）

### ハンドラチェーン
- 全ルートに共通の前処理をする（Pre-routing handler）
- Post-routing handler でレスポンスヘッダーを追加する（CORS など）
- Pre-request handler でルート単位の認証を行う（`matched_route`）
- `res.user_data` でハンドラ間データを渡す

### エラー処理・デバッグ
- カスタムエラーページを返す（`set_error_handler`）
- 例外をキャッチする（`set_exception_handler`）
- リクエストをログに記録する（Logger）
- クライアントが切断したか検出する（`req.is_connection_closed()`）

### 運用・チューニング
- ポートを動的に割り当てる（`bind_to_any_port`）
- `listen_after_bind` で起動順序を制御する
- グレースフルシャットダウンする（`stop()` とシグナルハンドリング）
- Keep-Alive を調整する（`set_keep_alive_max_count` / `set_keep_alive_timeout`）
- マルチスレッド数を設定する（`new_task_queue`）

## TLS / セキュリティ

- OpenSSL・mbedTLS・wolfSSL の選択指針（ビルド時の `#define` の違い）
- SSL 証明書の検証を制御する（証明書の無効化・カスタム CA・カスタムコールバック）
- カスタム証明書検証コールバックを使う（`set_server_certificate_verifier`）
- SSL/TLS サーバーを立ち上げる（証明書・秘密鍵の設定）
- mTLS（クライアント証明書による相互認証）を設定する
- サーバー側でピア証明書を参照する（`req.peer_cert()` / SNI）

## SSE

- SSE サーバーを実装する
- SSE でイベント名を使い分ける
- SSE の再接続を処理する（`Last-Event-ID`）
- SSE をクライアントで受信する

## WebSocket

- WebSocket エコーサーバー／クライアントを実装する
- ハートビートを設定する（`set_websocket_ping_interval` / `CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND`）
- 接続クローズをハンドリングする
- バイナリフレームを送受信する


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/index.md
================================================
---
title: "cpp-httplib"
order: 0
---

[cpp-httplib](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib)は、C++用のHTTP/HTTPSライブラリです。[`httplib.h`](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/raw/refs/tags/latest/httplib.h) というヘッダーファイルを1枚コピーするだけで使えます。

C++でちょっとしたHTTPサーバーやクライアントが必要になったとき、すぐに動くものが欲しいですよね。cpp-httplibはまさにそのために作られました。サーバーもクライアントも、数行のコードで書き始められます。

APIはラムダ式をベースにした直感的な設計で、C++11以降のコンパイラーがあればどこでも動きます。Windows、macOS、Linux — お使いの環境をそのまま使えます。

HTTPSも使えます。OpenSSLやmbedTLSをリンクするだけで、サーバー・クライアントの両方がTLSに対応します。Content-Encoding（gzip, brotli等）、ファイルアップロードなど、実際の開発で必要になる機能もひと通り揃っています。WebSocketもサポートしています。

内部的にはブロッキングI/Oとスレッドプールを使っています。大量の同時接続を捌くような用途には向きませんが、APIサーバーやツールの組み込みHTTP、テスト用のモックサーバーなど、多くのユースケースで十分な性能を発揮します。

「今日の課題を、今日中に解決する」— cpp-httplibが目指しているのは、そういうシンプルさです。

## ドキュメント

- [A Tour of cpp-httplib](tour/) — 基本を順を追って学べるチュートリアル。初めての方はここから

## お楽しみに

- [Cookbook](cookbook/) — 目的別のレシピ集。必要なトピックから読めます
- [Building a Desktop LLM App](llm-app/) — llama.cpp を組み込んだデスクトップアプリを段階的に構築する実践ガイド


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/llm-app/index.md
================================================
---
title: "Building a Desktop LLM App with cpp-httplib"
order: 0
status: "draft"
---

llama.cpp を組み込んだ LLM 翻訳デスクトップアプリを段階的に構築しながら、cpp-httplib のサーバー・クライアント両面の使い方を実践的に学びます。翻訳は一例であり、この部分を差し替えることで要約・コード生成・チャットボットなど自分のアプリに応用できます。

## 依存ライブラリ

- [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp) — LLM 推論エンジン
- [nlohmann/json](https://github.com/nlohmann/json) — JSON パーサー（ヘッダーオンリー）
- [webview/webview](https://github.com/webview/webview) — WebView ラッパー（ヘッダーオンリー）
- [cpp-httplib](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib) — HTTP サーバー/クライアント（ヘッダーオンリー）

## 章立て

1. **llama.cpp を組み込んで REST API を作る** — テキストを POST すると翻訳結果を JSON で返すシンプルな API から始める
2. **SSE でトークンストリーミングを追加する** — 翻訳結果をトークン単位で逐次返す LLM API 標準の方式を実装する
3. **モデルの取得・管理機能を追加する** — Hugging Face から GGUF モデルを検索・ダウンロードするクライアント機能を実装する
4. **Web UI を追加する** — 静的ファイル配信で翻訳 UI をホストし、ブラウザから操作できるようにする
5. **WebView でデスクトップアプリ化する** — webview/webview で包み、Electron 的なデスクトップアプリとして動作させる
6. **llama.cpp 本家のサーバー実装をコードリーディング** — 自分で作ったものとプロダクション品質のコードを比較して学ぶ


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/01-getting-started.md
================================================
---
title: "Getting Started"
order: 1
---

cpp-httplibを始めるのに必要なのは、`httplib.h`とC++コンパイラーだけです。ファイルをダウンロードして、Hello Worldサーバーを動かすところまでやってみましょう。

## httplib.h の入手

GitHubから直接ダウンロードできます。常に最新版を使ってください。

```sh
curl -LO https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/raw/refs/tags/latest/httplib.h
```

ダウンロードした `httplib.h` をプロジェクトのディレクトリに置けば、準備完了です。

## コンパイラーの準備

| OS | 開発環境 | セットアップ |
| -- | -------- | ------------ |
| macOS | Apple Clang | Xcode Command Line Tools (`xcode-select --install`) |
| Ubuntu | clang++ または g++ | `apt install clang` または `apt install g++` |
| Windows | MSVC | Visual Studio 2022 以降（C++ コンポーネントを含めてインストール） |

## Hello World サーバー

次のコードを `server.cpp` として保存しましょう。

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.Get("/", [](const httplib::Request&, httplib::Response& res) {
        res.set_content("Hello, World!", "text/plain");
    });

    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

たった数行で、HTTPリクエストに応答するサーバーが書けます。

## コンパイルと実行

このチュートリアルのサンプルコードは、コードを簡潔に書けるC++17で書いています。cpp-httplib自体はC++11でもコンパイルできます。

```sh
# macOS
clang++ -std=c++17 -o server server.cpp

# Linux
# `-pthread`: cpp-httplibは内部でスレッドを使用
clang++ -std=c++17 -pthread -o server server.cpp

# Windows (Developer Command Prompt)
# `/EHsc`: C++例外処理を有効化
cl /EHsc /std:c++17 server.cpp
```

コンパイルできたら実行します。

```sh
# macOS / Linux
./server

# Windows
server.exe
```

ブラウザで `http://localhost:8080` を開いてください。"Hello, World!" と表示されれば成功です。

`curl` でも確認できます。

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/
# Hello, World!
```

サーバーを停止するには、ターミナルで `Ctrl+C` を押します。

## 次のステップ

サーバーの基本がわかりましたね。次は、クライアント側を見てみましょう。cpp-httplibはHTTPクライアント機能も備えています。

**次:** [Basic Client](../02-basic-client)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/02-basic-client.md
================================================
---
title: "Basic Client"
order: 2
---

cpp-httplibはサーバーだけでなく、HTTPクライアント機能も備えています。`httplib::Client` を使って、GETやPOSTリクエストを送ってみましょう。

## テスト用サーバーの準備

クライアントの動作を確認するために、リクエストを受け付けるサーバーを用意します。次のコードを保存し、前章と同じ手順でコンパイル・実行してください。サーバーの詳しい解説は次章で行います。

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
        res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Get("/search", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto q = req.get_param_value("q");
        res.set_content("Query: " + q, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Post("/post", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Post("/submit", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        std::string result;
        for (auto &[key, val] : req.params) {
            result += key + " = " + val + "\n";
        }
        res.set_content(result, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Post("/upload", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto f = req.form.get_file("file");
        auto content = f.filename + " (" + std::to_string(f.content.size()) + " bytes)";
        res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Get("/users/:id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto id = req.path_params.at("id");
        res.set_content("User ID: " + id, "text/plain");
    });

    svr.Get(R"(/files/(\d+))", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
        auto id = req.matches[1];
        res.set_content("File ID: " + std::string(id), "text/plain");
    });

    std::cout << "Listening on port 8080..." << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

## GETリクエスト

サーバーが起動したら、別のターミナルを開いて試してみましょう。まず、最もシンプルなGETリクエストです。

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200
        std::cout << res->body << std::endl;    // Hello!
    }
}
```

`httplib::Client` のコンストラクターにサーバーのアドレスを渡し、`Get()` でリクエストを送ります。戻り値の `res` からステータスコードやボディを取得できます。

対応する `curl` コマンドはこうなります。

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/hi
# Hello!
```

## レスポンスの確認

レスポンスには、ステータスコードとボディ以外にもヘッダー情報が含まれています。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
if (res) {
    // ステータスコード
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200

    // ボディ
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Hello!

    // ヘッダー
    std::cout << res->get_header_value("Content-Type") << std::endl;  // text/plain
}
```

`res->body` は `std::string` なので、JSON レスポンスをパースしたい場合は [nlohmann/json](https://github.com/nlohmann/json) などの JSON ライブラリにそのまま渡せます。

## クエリパラメーター

GETリクエストにクエリパラメーターを付けるには、URLに直接書くか、`httplib::Params` を使います。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/search", httplib::Params{{"q", "cpp-httplib"}});
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Query: cpp-httplib
}
```

`httplib::Params` を使うと、特殊文字のURLエンコードを自動で行ってくれます。

```sh
curl "http://localhost:8080/search?q=cpp-httplib"
# Query: cpp-httplib
```

## パスパラメーター

URLのパスに値を直接埋め込む場合も、クライアント側は特別なAPIは不要です。パスをそのまま `Get()` に渡すだけです。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/users/42");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // User ID: 42
}
```

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/users/42
# User ID: 42
```

テスト用サーバーには、正規表現でIDを数字のみに絞った `/files/(\d+)` もあります。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/files/42");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // File ID: 42
}
```

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080/files/42
# File ID: 42
```

`/files/abc` のように数字以外を渡すと404が返ります。仕組みは次章で解説します。

## リクエストヘッダー

カスタムHTTPヘッダーを付けるには、`httplib::Headers` を渡します。`Get()` や `Post()` のどちらでも使えます。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Get("/hi", httplib::Headers{
    {"Authorization", "Bearer my-token"}
});
```

```sh
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer my-token" http://localhost:8080/hi
```

## POSTリクエスト

テキストデータをPOSTしてみましょう。`Post()` の第2引数にボディ、第3引数にContent-Typeを指定します。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Post("/post", "Hello, Server!", "text/plain");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;    // Hello, Server!
}
```

テスト用サーバーの `/post` はボディをそのまま返すので、送った文字列がそのまま返ってきます。

```sh
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: text/plain" -d "Hello, Server!" http://localhost:8080/post
# Hello, Server!
```

## フォームデータの送信

HTMLフォームのように、キーと値のペアを送ることもできます。`httplib::Params` を使います。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Post("/submit", httplib::Params{
    {"name", "Alice"},
    {"age", "30"}
});
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;
    // age = 30
    // name = Alice
}
```

これは `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` 形式で送信されます。

```sh
curl -X POST -d "name=Alice&age=30" http://localhost:8080/submit
```

## ファイルのPOST

ファイルをアップロードするには、`httplib::UploadFormDataItems` を使ってマルチパートフォームデータとして送信します。

```cpp
auto res = cli.Post("/upload", httplib::UploadFormDataItems{
    {"file", "Hello, File!", "hello.txt", "text/plain"}
});
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // hello.txt (12 bytes)
}
```

`UploadFormDataItems` の各要素は `{name, content, filename, content_type}` の4つのフィールドで構成されます。

```sh
curl -F "file=Hello, File!;filename=hello.txt;type=text/plain" http://localhost:8080/upload
```

## エラーハンドリング

ネットワーク通信では、サーバーに接続できない場合があります。`res` が有効かどうかを必ず確認しましょう。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:9999");  // 存在しないポート
auto res = cli.Get("/hi");

if (!res) {
    // 接続エラー
    std::cout << "Error: " << httplib::to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
    // Error: Connection
    return 1;
}

// ここに到達すればレスポンスを受信できている
if (res->status != 200) {
    std::cout << "HTTP Error: " << res->status << std::endl;
    return 1;
}

std::cout << res->body << std::endl;
```

エラーには2つのレベルがあります。

- **接続エラー**: サーバーに到達できなかった場合。`res` が偽になり、`res.error()` でエラーの種類を取得できます
- **HTTPエラー**: サーバーからエラーステータス（404、500など）が返ってきた場合。`res` は真ですが、`res->status` を確認する必要があります

## 次のステップ

クライアントからリクエストを送る方法がわかりました。次は、サーバー側をもっと詳しく見てみましょう。ルーティングやパスパラメータなど、サーバーの機能を掘り下げます。

**次:** [Basic Server](../03-basic-server)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/03-basic-server.md
================================================
---
title: "Basic Server"
order: 3
---

前章ではクライアントからリクエストを送りました。そのとき、テスト用サーバーを用意しましたね。この章では、あのサーバーの仕組みをひとつずつ紐解いていきます。

## サーバーの起動

ルーティングを登録したら、最後に `svr.listen()` を呼んでサーバーを起動します。

```cpp
svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
```

第1引数はホスト、第2引数はポート番号です。`"0.0.0.0"` を指定すると、すべてのネットワークインターフェースでリクエストを受け付けます。自分のマシンからのアクセスだけに限定したいときは `"127.0.0.1"` を使います。

`listen()` はブロッキング呼び出しです。サーバーが停止するまで、この行から先には進みません。ターミナルで `Ctrl+C` を押すか、別スレッドから `svr.stop()` を呼ぶまでサーバーは動き続けます。

## ルーティング

サーバーの核になるのは「ルーティング」です。どのURLに、どのHTTPメソッドでアクセスされたら、何をするか。それを登録する仕組みです。

```cpp
httplib::Server svr;

svr.Get("/hi", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

`svr.Get()` は、GETリクエストに対するハンドラーを登録します。第1引数がパス、第2引数がハンドラー関数です。`/hi` にGETリクエストが来たら、このラムダが呼ばれます。

HTTPメソッドごとにメソッドが用意されています。

```cpp
svr.Get("/path",    handler);  // GET
svr.Post("/path",   handler);  // POST
svr.Put("/path",    handler);  // PUT
svr.Delete("/path", handler);  // DELETE
```

ハンドラーのシグネチャは `(const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res)` です。`auto` を使って短く書くこともできます。

```cpp
svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

パスが一致したときだけハンドラーが呼ばれます。登録されていないパスにアクセスすると、自動的に404が返ります。

## リクエストオブジェクト

ハンドラーの第1引数 `req` から、クライアントが送ってきた情報を読み取れます。

### ボディ

`req.body` でリクエストボディを取得できます。型は `std::string` です。

```cpp
svr.Post("/post", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    // クライアントが送ったボディをそのまま返す
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
});
```

### ヘッダー

`req.get_header_value()` でリクエストヘッダーの値を取得できます。

```cpp
svr.Get("/check", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto auth = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
    res.set_content("Auth: " + auth, "text/plain");
});
```

### クエリパラメーターとフォームデータ

`req.get_param_value()` でパラメーターを取得できます。GETのクエリパラメーターと、POSTのフォームデータの両方に使えます。

```cpp
svr.Get("/search", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto q = req.get_param_value("q");
    res.set_content("Query: " + q, "text/plain");
});
```

`/search?q=cpp-httplib` にアクセスすると、`q` の値は `"cpp-httplib"` になります。

すべてのパラメーターをループで処理したいときは、`req.params` を使います。

```cpp
svr.Post("/submit", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    std::string result;
    for (auto &[key, val] : req.params) {
        result += key + " = " + val + "\n";
    }
    res.set_content(result, "text/plain");
});
```

### ファイルアップロード

マルチパートフォームでアップロードされたファイルは、`req.form.get_file()` で取得します。

```cpp
svr.Post("/upload", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto f = req.form.get_file("file");
    auto content = f.filename + " (" + std::to_string(f.content.size()) + " bytes)";
    res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
});
```

`f.filename` でファイル名、`f.content` でファイルの中身にアクセスできます。

## パスパラメーター

URLの一部を変数として受け取りたいことがあります。たとえば `/users/42` の `42` を取得したい場合です。`:param` 記法を使うと、URLの一部をキャプチャできます。

```cpp
svr.Get("/users/:id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.path_params.at("id");
    res.set_content("User ID: " + id, "text/plain");
});
```

`/users/42` にアクセスすると、`req.path_params.at("id")` は `"42"` を返します。`/users/100` なら `"100"` です。

複数のパスパラメーターも使えます。

```cpp
svr.Get("/users/:user_id/posts/:post_id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto user_id = req.path_params.at("user_id");
    auto post_id = req.path_params.at("post_id");
    res.set_content("User: " + user_id + ", Post: " + post_id, "text/plain");
});
```

### 正規表現パターン

`:param` の代わりに正規表現をパスに書くこともできます。キャプチャグループの値は `req.matches` で取得します。型は `std::smatch` です。

```cpp
// 数字のみのIDを受け付ける
svr.Get(R"(/files/(\d+))", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.matches[1];  // 最初のキャプチャグループ
    res.set_content("File ID: " + std::string(id), "text/plain");
});
```

`/files/42` にはマッチしますが、`/files/abc` にはマッチしません。入力値を絞り込みたいときに便利です。

## レスポンスの組み立て

ハンドラーの第2引数 `res` を使って、クライアントに返すレスポンスを組み立てます。

### ボディとContent-Type

`res.set_content()` でボディとContent-Typeを設定します。これだけでステータスコード200のレスポンスが返ります。

```cpp
svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

### ステータスコード

ステータスコードを変えたいときは、`res.status` に代入します。

```cpp
svr.Get("/not-found", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.status = 404;
    res.set_content("Not found", "text/plain");
});
```

### レスポンスヘッダー

`res.set_header()` でレスポンスヘッダーを追加できます。

```cpp
svr.Get("/with-header", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_header("X-Custom", "my-value");
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

## 前章のサーバーを読み解く

ここまでの知識を使って、前章で用意したテスト用サーバーを改めて見てみましょう。

### GET /hi

```cpp
svr.Get("/hi", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello!", "text/plain");
});
```

最もシンプルなハンドラーです。リクエストの情報は使わないので、`req` の変数名を省略しています。`"Hello!"` というテキストをそのまま返します。

### GET /search

```cpp
svr.Get("/search", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto q = req.get_param_value("q");
    res.set_content("Query: " + q, "text/plain");
});
```

`req.get_param_value("q")` でクエリパラメーター `q` の値を取り出します。`/search?q=cpp-httplib` なら、レスポンスは `"Query: cpp-httplib"` になります。

### POST /post

```cpp
svr.Post("/post", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
});
```

クライアントが送ったリクエストボディを、そのままレスポンスとして返すエコーサーバーです。`req.body` にボディが丸ごと入っています。

### POST /submit

```cpp
svr.Post("/submit", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    std::string result;
    for (auto &[key, val] : req.params) {
        result += key + " = " + val + "\n";
    }
    res.set_content(result, "text/plain");
});
```

フォームデータとして送られたキーと値のペアを、`req.params` でループ処理しています。構造化束縛 `auto &[key, val]` を使って、各ペアを取り出しています。

### POST /upload

```cpp
svr.Post("/upload", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto f = req.form.get_file("file");
    auto content = f.filename + " (" + std::to_string(f.content.size()) + " bytes)";
    res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
});
```

マルチパートフォームで送られたファイルを受け取ります。`req.form.get_file("file")` で `"file"` という名前のフィールドを取得し、`f.filename` と `f.content.size()` でファイル名とサイズを返しています。

### GET /users/:id

```cpp
svr.Get("/users/:id", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.path_params.at("id");
    res.set_content("User ID: " + id, "text/plain");
});
```

`:id` の部分がパスパラメーターです。`req.path_params.at("id")` で値を取り出しています。`/users/42` なら `"42"`、`/users/alice` なら `"alice"` が得られます。

### GET /files/(\d+)

```cpp
svr.Get(R"(/files/(\d+))", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto id = req.matches[1];
    res.set_content("File ID: " + std::string(id), "text/plain");
});
```

正規表現 `(\d+)` で数字だけのIDにマッチします。`/files/42` にはマッチしますが、`/files/abc` は404になります。`req.matches[1]` で最初のキャプチャグループの値を取得しています。

## 次のステップ

サーバーの基本がわかりましたね。ルーティング、リクエストの読み取り、レスポンスの組み立て。これだけで、十分に実用的なAPIサーバーが作れます。

次は、静的ファイルの配信を見てみましょう。HTMLやCSSを配信するサーバーを作ります。

**次:** [Static File Server](../04-static-file-server)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/04-static-file-server.md
================================================
---
title: "Static File Server"
order: 4
---

cpp-httplibは、HTMLやCSS、画像ファイルなどの静的ファイルも配信できます。面倒な設定は要りません。`set_mount_point()` を1行呼ぶだけです。

## set_mount_point の基本

さっそくやってみましょう。`set_mount_point()` は、URLのパスとローカルディレクトリを紐づけます。

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.set_mount_point("/", "./html");

    std::cout << "Listening on port 8080..." << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

第1引数がURLのマウントポイント、第2引数がローカルのディレクトリパスです。この例だと、`/` へのリクエストを `./html` ディレクトリから配信します。

試してみましょう。まず `html` ディレクトリを作って、`index.html` を置きます。

```sh
mkdir html
```

```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><title>My Page</title></head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello from cpp-httplib!</h1>
    <p>This is a static file.</p>
</body>
</html>
```

コンパイルして起動します。

```sh
g++ -std=c++17 -o server server.cpp -pthread
./server
```

ブラウザで `http://localhost:8080` を開いてみてください。`html/index.html` の内容が表示されるはずです。`http://localhost:8080/index.html` でも同じページが返ります。

もちろん、前章のクライアントコードや `curl` でもアクセスできますよ。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
auto res = cli.Get("/");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // HTMLが表示される
}
```

```sh
curl http://localhost:8080
```

## 複数のマウントポイント

`set_mount_point()` は何回でも呼べます。URLのパスごとに、別々のディレクトリを割り当てられます。

```cpp
svr.set_mount_point("/", "./public");
svr.set_mount_point("/assets", "./static/assets");
svr.set_mount_point("/docs", "./documentation");
```

`/assets/style.css` なら `./static/assets/style.css` を、`/docs/guide.html` なら `./documentation/guide.html` を配信します。

## ハンドラーとの組み合わせ

静的ファイルの配信と、前章で学んだルーティングハンドラーは共存できます。

```cpp
httplib::Server svr;

// APIエンドポイント
svr.Get("/api/hello", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    res.set_content(R"({"message":"Hello!"})", "application/json");
});

// 静的ファイル配信
svr.set_mount_point("/", "./public");

svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
```

ハンドラーが先に評価されます。`/api/hello` にはハンドラーが応答し、それ以外のパスは `./public` ディレクトリからファイルを探します。

## レスポンスヘッダーの追加

`set_mount_point()` の第3引数にヘッダーを渡すと、静的ファイルのレスポンスにカスタムヘッダーを付けられます。キャッシュ制御に便利です。

```cpp
svr.set_mount_point("/", "./public", {
    {"Cache-Control", "max-age=3600"}
});
```

こうすると、ブラウザは配信されたファイルを1時間キャッシュします。

## 静的ファイルサーバー用のDockerファイル

cpp-httplibのリポジトリには、静的ファイルサーバー用の `Dockerfile` が含まれています。Docker Hubにビルド済みイメージも公開しているので、1コマンドで起動できます。

```sh
> docker run -p 8080:80 -v ./my-site:/html yhirose4dockerhub/cpp-httplib-server
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0:80
Mount point: / -> ./html
Press Ctrl+C to shutdown gracefully...
192.168.65.1 - - [22/Feb/2026:12:00:00 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 256 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
192.168.65.1 - - [22/Feb/2026:12:00:00 +0000] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1024 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
192.168.65.1 - - [22/Feb/2026:12:00:01 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 152 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 ..."
```

`./my-site` ディレクトリの中身が、そのままポート8080で配信されます。NGINXと同じログ形式で、アクセスの様子を確認できますよ。

## 次のステップ

静的ファイルの配信ができるようになりましたね。HTMLやCSS、JavaScriptを配信するWebサーバーが、これだけのコードで作れます。

次は、HTTPSで暗号化通信をしてみましょう。まずはTLSライブラリのセットアップからです。

**次:** [TLS Setup](../05-tls-setup)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/05-tls-setup.md
================================================
---
title: "TLS Setup"
order: 5
---

ここまではHTTP（平文）でやってきましたが、実際のWebではHTTPS（暗号化通信）が当たり前ですよね。cpp-httplibでHTTPSを使うには、TLSライブラリが必要です。

このTourではOpenSSLを使います。最も広く使われていて、情報も豊富です。

## OpenSSLのインストール

お使いのOSに合わせてインストールしましょう。

| OS | インストール方法 |
| -- | ---------------- |
| macOS | [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/) (`brew install openssl`) |
| Ubuntu / Debian | `sudo apt install libssl-dev` |
| Windows | [vcpkg](https://vcpkg.io/) (`vcpkg install openssl`) |

## コンパイルオプション

TLS機能を有効にするには、`CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT` マクロを定義してコンパイルします。前章までのコンパイルコマンドに、いくつかオプションが増えます。

```sh
# macOS (Homebrew)
clang++ -std=c++17 -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT \
    -I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include \
    -L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib \
    -lssl -lcrypto \
    -framework CoreFoundation -framework Security \
    -o server server.cpp

# Linux
clang++ -std=c++17 -pthread -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT \
    -lssl -lcrypto \
    -o server server.cpp

# Windows (Developer Command Prompt)
cl /EHsc /std:c++17 /DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT server.cpp libssl.lib libcrypto.lib
```

それぞれのオプションの役割を見てみましょう。

- **`-DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT`** — TLS機能を有効にするマクロ定義
- **`-lssl -lcrypto`** — OpenSSLのライブラリをリンク
- **`-I` / `-L`**（macOSのみ）— Homebrew版OpenSSLのパスを指定
- **`-framework CoreFoundation -framework Security`**（macOSのみ）— Keychainからシステム証明書を自動で読み込むために必要です

## 動作確認

ちゃんと動くか確認してみましょう。`httplib::Client` にHTTPSのURLを渡してアクセスするだけのプログラムです。

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://www.google.com");

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << "Status: " << res->status << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Error: " << httplib::to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
    }
}
```

コンパイルして実行してみてください。`Status: 200` と表示されれば、セットアップ完了です。

## 他のTLSバックエンド

cpp-httplibはOpenSSL以外にも、Mbed TLSとwolfSSLに対応しています。マクロ定義とリンクするライブラリを変えるだけで切り替えられます。

| バックエンド | マクロ定義 | リンクするライブラリ |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| OpenSSL | `CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT` | `libssl`, `libcrypto` |
| Mbed TLS | `CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT` | `libmbedtls`, `libmbedx509`, `libmbedcrypto` |
| wolfSSL | `CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT` | `libwolfssl` |

このTourではOpenSSLを前提に進めますが、APIはどのバックエンドでも共通です。

## 次のステップ

TLSの準備ができましたね。次は、HTTPSサイトにリクエストを送ってみましょう。

**次:** [HTTPS Client](../06-https-client)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/06-https-client.md
================================================
---
title: "HTTPS Client"
order: 6
---

前章でOpenSSLのセットアップが済んだので、さっそくHTTPSクライアントを使ってみましょう。2章で使った `httplib::Client` がそのまま使えます。コンストラクタに `https://` 付きのURLを渡すだけです。

## GETリクエスト

実在するHTTPSサイトにアクセスしてみましょう。

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->status << std::endl;           // 200
        std::cout << res->body.substr(0, 100) << std::endl;  // HTMLの先頭部分
    } else {
        std::cout << "Error: " << httplib::to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
    }
}
```

2章では `httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080")` と書きましたよね。スキームを `https://` に変えるだけです。`Get()` や `Post()` など、2章で学んだAPIはすべてそのまま使えます。

```sh
curl https://nghttp2.org/
```

## ポートの指定

HTTPSのデフォルトポートは443です。別のポートを使いたい場合は、URLにポートを含めます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
```

## CA証明書の検証

`httplib::Client` はHTTPS接続時、デフォルトでサーバー証明書を検証します。信頼できるCA（認証局）が発行した証明書を持つサーバーにしか接続しません。

CA証明書は、macOSならKeychain、LinuxならシステムのCA証明書ストア、WindowsならWindowsの証明書ストアから自動で読み込みます。ほとんどの場合、追加の設定は要りません。

### CA証明書ファイルの指定

環境によってはシステムのCA証明書が見つからないこともあります。そのときは `set_ca_cert_path()` でパスを直接指定してください。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");
cli.set_ca_cert_path("/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt");

auto res = cli.Get("/");
```

```sh
curl --cacert /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt https://nghttp2.org/
```

### 証明書検証の無効化

開発中、自己署名証明書のサーバーに接続したいときは、検証を無効にできます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

auto res = cli.Get("/");
```

```sh
curl -k https://localhost:8443/
```

本番では絶対に無効にしないでください。中間者攻撃のリスクがあります。

## リダイレクトの追跡

HTTPSサイトへのアクセスでは、リダイレクトに遭遇することがよくあります。たとえば `http://` から `https://` へ、あるいは `www` なしから `www` ありへ転送されるケースです。

デフォルトではリダイレクトを追跡しません。リダイレクト先は `Location` ヘッダーで確認できます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");

auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/redirect/3");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 302
    std::cout << res->get_header_value("Location") << std::endl;
}
```

```sh
curl https://nghttp2.org/httpbin/redirect/3
```

`set_follow_location(true)` を設定すると、リダイレクトを自動で追跡して、最終的なレスポンスを返してくれます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://nghttp2.org");
cli.set_follow_location(true);

auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/redirect/3");
if (res) {
    std::cout << res->status << std::endl;  // 200（最終的なレスポンス）
}
```

```sh
curl -L https://nghttp2.org/httpbin/redirect/3
```

## 次のステップ

HTTPSクライアントの使い方がわかりましたね。次は自分でHTTPSサーバーを立ててみましょう。自己署名証明書の作り方から始めます。

**次:** [HTTPS Server](../07-https-server)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/07-https-server.md
================================================
---
title: "HTTPS Server"
order: 7
---

前章ではHTTPSクライアントを使いました。今度は自分でHTTPSサーバーを立ててみましょう。3章の `httplib::Server` を `httplib::SSLServer` に置き換えるだけです。

ただし、TLSサーバーにはサーバー証明書と秘密鍵が必要です。まずはそこから準備しましょう。

## 自己署名証明書の作成

開発やテスト用なら、自己署名証明書（いわゆるオレオレ証明書）で十分です。OpenSSLのコマンドでサクッと作れます。

```sh
openssl req -x509 -noenc -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -subj /CN=localhost
```

これで2つのファイルができます。

- **`cert.pem`** — サーバー証明書
- **`key.pem`** — 秘密鍵

## 最小のHTTPSサーバー

証明書ができたら、さっそくサーバーを書いてみましょう。

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::SSLServer svr("cert.pem", "key.pem");

    svr.Get("/", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
        res.set_content("Hello, HTTPS!", "text/plain");
    });

    std::cout << "Listening on https://localhost:8443" << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8443);
}
```

`httplib::SSLServer` のコンストラクタに証明書と秘密鍵のパスを渡すだけです。ルーティングの書き方は3章の `httplib::Server` とまったく同じですよ。

コンパイルして起動しましょう。

## 動作確認

サーバーが起動したら、`curl` でアクセスしてみましょう。自己署名証明書なので、`-k` オプションで証明書検証をスキップします。

```sh
curl -k https://localhost:8443/
# Hello, HTTPS!
```

ブラウザで `https://localhost:8443` を開くと、「この接続は安全ではありません」と警告が出ます。自己署名証明書なので正常です。気にせず進めてください。

## クライアントからの接続

前章の `httplib::Client` で接続してみましょう。自己署名証明書のサーバーに接続するには、2つの方法があります。

### 方法1: 証明書検証を無効にする

開発時の手軽な方法です。

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Hello, HTTPS!
    }
}
```

### 方法2: 自己署名証明書をCA証明書として指定する

こちらのほうが安全です。`cert.pem` をCA証明書として信頼するよう指定します。

```cpp
#define CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Client cli("https://localhost:8443");
    cli.set_ca_cert_path("cert.pem");

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    if (res) {
        std::cout << res->body << std::endl;  // Hello, HTTPS!
    }
}
```

この方法なら、指定した証明書のサーバーにだけ接続を許可して、なりすましを防げます。テスト環境でもなるべくこちらを使いましょう。

## Server と SSLServer の比較

3章で学んだ `httplib::Server` のAPIは、`httplib::SSLServer` でもそのまま使えます。違いはコンストラクタだけです。

| | `httplib::Server` | `httplib::SSLServer` |
| -- | ------------------ | -------------------- |
| コンストラクタ | 引数なし | 証明書と秘密鍵のパス |
| プロトコル | HTTP | HTTPS |
| ポート（慣例） | 8080 | 8443 |
| ルーティング | 共通 | 共通 |

HTTPサーバーをHTTPSに切り替えるには、コンストラクタを変えるだけです。

## 次のステップ

HTTPSサーバーが動きましたね。これでHTTP/HTTPSのクライアントとサーバー、両方の基本がそろいました。

次は、cpp-httplibに新しく加わったWebSocket機能を見てみましょう。

**次:** [WebSocket](../08-websocket)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/08-websocket.md
================================================
---
title: "WebSocket"
order: 8
---

cpp-httplibはWebSocketにも対応しています。HTTPのリクエスト/レスポンスと違い、WebSocketはサーバーとクライアントが双方向にメッセージをやり取りできます。チャットやリアルタイム通知に便利です。

さっそく、エコーサーバーとクライアントを作ってみましょう。

## エコーサーバー

受け取ったメッセージをそのまま返すエコーサーバーです。

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::Server svr;

    svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
        std::string msg;
        while (ws.read(msg)) {
            ws.send(msg);  // 受け取ったメッセージをそのまま返す
        }
    });

    std::cout << "Listening on port 8080..." << std::endl;
    svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}
```

`svr.WebSocket()` でWebSocketハンドラーを登録します。3章の `svr.Get()` や `svr.Post()` と同じ感覚ですね。

ハンドラーの中では、`ws.read(msg)` でメッセージを待ちます。接続が閉じられると `read()` が `false` を返すので、ループを抜けます。`ws.send(msg)` でメッセージを送り返します。

## クライアントからの接続

`httplib::ws::WebSocketClient` を使ってサーバーに接続してみましょう。

```cpp
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    httplib::ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:8080/ws");

    if (!client.connect()) {
        std::cout << "Connection failed" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // メッセージを送信
    client.send("Hello, WebSocket!");

    // サーバーからの応答を受信
    std::string msg;
    if (client.read(msg)) {
        std::cout << msg << std::endl;  // Hello, WebSocket!
    }

    client.close();
}
```

コンストラクタには `ws://host:port/path` 形式のURLを渡します。`connect()` で接続を開始し、`send()` と `read()` でメッセージをやり取りします。

## テキストとバイナリ

WebSocketにはテキストとバイナリの2種類のメッセージがあります。`read()` の戻り値で区別できます。

```cpp
svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    httplib::ws::ReadResult ret;
    while ((ret = ws.read(msg))) {
        if (ret == httplib::ws::Binary) {
            ws.send(msg.data(), msg.size());  // バイナリとして送信
        } else {
            ws.send(msg);  // テキストとして送信
        }
    }
});
```

- `ws.send(const std::string &)` — テキストメッセージとして送信
- `ws.send(const char *, size_t)` — バイナリメッセージとして送信

クライアント側も同じAPIです。

## リクエスト情報へのアクセス

ハンドラーの第1引数 `req` から、ハンドシェイク時のHTTPリクエスト情報を読み取れます。認証トークンの確認などに便利です。

```cpp
svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    auto token = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
    if (token.empty()) {
        ws.close(httplib::ws::CloseStatus::PolicyViolation, "unauthorized");
        return;
    }

    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send(msg);
    }
});
```

## WSSで使う

HTTPS上のWebSocket（WSS）にも対応しています。サーバー側は `httplib::SSLServer` にWebSocketハンドラーを登録するだけです。

```cpp
httplib::SSLServer svr("cert.pem", "key.pem");

svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send(msg);
    }
});

svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8443);
```

クライアント側は `wss://` スキームを使います。

```cpp
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient client("wss://localhost:8443/ws");
```

## 次のステップ

WebSocketの基本がわかりましたね。ここまでで Tourは終わりです。

次のページでは、Tourで取り上げなかった機能をまとめて紹介します。

**次:** [What's Next](../09-whats-next)


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/09-whats-next.md
================================================
---
title: "What's Next"
order: 9
---

Tourお疲れさまでした！ cpp-httplibの基本はひと通り押さえましたね。でも、まだまだ便利な機能があります。Tourで取り上げなかった機能をカテゴリー別に紹介します。

## Streaming API

LLMのストリーミング応答や大きなファイルのダウンロードでは、レスポンス全体をメモリに載せたくないですよね。`stream::Get()` を使えば、データをチャンクごとに処理できます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:11434");

auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/api/generate");

if (result) {
    while (result.next()) {
        std::cout.write(result.data(), result.size());
    }
}
```

`Get()` に `content_receiver` コールバックを渡す方法もあります。こちらはKeep-Aliveと併用できます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");

cli.Get("/stream", [](const char *data, size_t len) {
    std::cout.write(data, len);
    return true;
});
```

サーバー側には `set_content_provider()` と `set_chunked_content_provider()` があります。サイズがわかっているなら前者、不明なら後者を使ってください。

```cpp
// サイズ指定あり（Content-Length が設定される）
svr.Get("/file", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    auto size = get_file_size("large.bin");
    res.set_content_provider(size, "application/octet-stream",
        [](size_t offset, size_t length, httplib::DataSink &sink) {
            // offset から length バイト分を送る
            return true;
        });
});

// サイズ不明（Chunked Transfer Encoding）
svr.Get("/stream", [](const auto &, auto &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/plain",
        [](size_t offset, httplib::DataSink &sink) {
            sink.write("chunk\n", 6);
            return true;  // falseを返すと終了
        });
});
```

大きなファイルのアップロードには `make_file_provider()` が便利です。ファイルを全部メモリに読み込まず、ストリーミングで送れます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");

auto res = cli.Post("/upload", {}, {}, {
    httplib::make_file_provider("file", "/path/to/large-file.zip")
});
```

## Server-Sent Events (SSE)

SSEクライアントも用意しています。自動再接続や `Last-Event-ID` による再開にも対応しています。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost:8080");
httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, "/events");

sse.on_message([](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::cout << msg.event << ": " << msg.data << std::endl;
});

sse.start();  // ブロッキング、自動再接続あり
```

イベントタイプごとにハンドラーを分けることもできますよ。

```cpp
sse.on_event("update", [](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    // "update" イベントだけ処理
});
```

## 認証

クライアントにはBasic認証、Bearer Token認証、Digest認証のヘルパーを用意しています。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://api.example.com");
cli.set_basic_auth("user", "password");
cli.set_bearer_token_auth("my-token");
```

## 圧縮

gzip、Brotli、Zstandardによる圧縮・展開に対応しています。使いたい方式のマクロを定義してコンパイルしましょう。

| 圧縮方式 | マクロ定義 |
| -- | -- |
| gzip | `CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT` |
| Brotli | `CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT` |
| Zstandard | `CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT` |

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_compress(true);    // リクエストボディを圧縮
cli.set_decompress(true);  // レスポンスボディを展開
```

## プロキシ

HTTPプロキシ経由で接続できます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_proxy("proxy.example.com", 8080);
cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("user", "password");
```

## タイムアウト

接続・読み取り・書き込みのタイムアウトを個別に設定できます。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_connection_timeout(5, 0);  // 5秒
cli.set_read_timeout(10, 0);       // 10秒
cli.set_write_timeout(10, 0);      // 10秒
```

## Keep-Alive

同じサーバーに何度もリクエストするなら、Keep-Aliveを有効にしましょう。TCP接続を再利用するので効率的です。

```cpp
httplib::Client cli("https://example.com");
cli.set_keep_alive(true);
```

## サーバーのミドルウェア

リクエスト処理の前後にフックを挟めます。

```cpp
svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    // すべてのリクエストの前に実行される
    return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;  // 通常のルーティングに進む
});

svr.set_post_routing_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    // レスポンスが返された後に実行される
    res.set_header("X-Server", "cpp-httplib");
});
```

`res.user_data` を使うと、ミドルウェアからハンドラーにデータを渡せます。認証トークンのデコード結果を共有するときに便利です。

```cpp
svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.user_data["auth_user"] = std::string("alice");
    return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
});

svr.Get("/me", [](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    auto user = std::any_cast<std::string>(res.user_data.at("auth_user"));
    res.set_content("Hello, " + user, "text/plain");
});
```

エラーや例外のハンドラーもカスタマイズできますよ。

```cpp
svr.set_error_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res) {
    res.set_content("Custom Error Page", "text/html");
});

svr.set_exception_handler([](const auto &req, auto &res, std::exception_ptr ep) {
    res.status = 500;
    res.set_content("Internal Server Error", "text/plain");
});
```

## ロギング

サーバーでもクライアントでもロガーを設定できます。

```cpp
svr.set_logger([](const auto &req, const auto &res) {
    std::cout << req.method << " " << req.path << " " << res.status << std::endl;
});
```

## Unix Domain Socket

TCP以外に、Unix Domain Socketでの通信にも対応しています。同じマシン上のプロセス間通信に使えます。

```cpp
// サーバー
httplib::Server svr;
svr.set_address_family(AF_UNIX);
svr.listen("/tmp/httplib.sock", 0);
```

```cpp
// クライアント
httplib::Client cli("http://localhost");
cli.set_address_family(AF_UNIX);
cli.set_hostname_addr_map({{"localhost", "/tmp/httplib.sock"}});

auto res = cli.Get("/");
```

## さらに詳しく

もっと詳しく知りたいときは、以下を参照してください。

- Cookbook — よくあるユースケースのレシピ集
- [README](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README.md) — 全APIのリファレンス
- [README-sse](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README-sse.md) — Server-Sent Eventsの使い方
- [README-stream](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README-stream.md) — Streaming APIの使い方
- [README-websocket](https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/blob/master/README-websocket.md) — WebSocketサーバーの使い方


================================================
FILE: docs-src/pages/ja/tour/index.md
================================================
---
title: "A Tour of cpp-httplib"
order: 0
---

cpp-httplibの基本を、順番に学んでいくチュートリアルです。各章は前の章の内容を踏まえて進む構成なので、1章から順に読んでください。

1. [Getting Started](01-getting-started) — httplib.h の入手とHello Worldサーバー
2. [Basic Client](02-basic-client) — GET/POST・パスパラメーターのリクエスト送信
3. [Basic Server](03-basic-server) — ルーティング、パスパラメーター、レスポンスの組み立て
4. [Static File Server](04-static-file-server) — 静的ファイルの配信
5. [TLS Setup](05-tls-setup) — OpenSSL / mbedTLS のセットアップ
6. [HTTPS Client](06-https-client) — HTTPSサイトへのリクエスト
7. [HTTPS Server](07-https-server) — HTTPSサーバーの構築
8. [WebSocket](08-websocket) — WebSocket通信の基本
9. [What's Next](09-whats-next) — さらなる機能の紹介


================================================
FILE: example/Dockerfile.hello
================================================
FROM alpine as builder
WORKDIR /src/example
RUN apk add g++ make openssl-dev zlib-dev brotli-dev
COPY ./httplib.h /src
COPY ./example/hello.cc /src/example
COPY ./example/Makefile /src/example
RUN make hello

FROM alpine
RUN apk --no-cache add brotli libstdc++
COPY --from=builder /src/example/hello /bin/hello
CMD ["/bin/hello"]


================================================
FILE: example/Makefile
================================================
#CXX = clang++
CXXFLAGS = -O2 -std=c++11 -I.. -Wall -Wextra -pthread

PREFIX ?= $(shell brew --prefix)

OPENSSL_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/openssl@3
OPENSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT -I$(OPENSSL_DIR)/include -L$(OPENSSL_DIR)/lib -lssl -lcrypto

ifneq ($(OS), Windows_NT)
	UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
	ifeq ($(UNAME_S), Darwin)
		OPENSSL_SUPPORT += -framework CoreFoundation -framework Security
	endif
endif

ZLIB_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT -lz

BROTLI_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/brotli
BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -I$(BROTLI_DIR)/include -L$(BROTLI_DIR)/lib -lbrotlicommon -lbrotlienc -lbrotlidec

all: server client hello simplecli simplesvr upload redirect ssesvr ssecli wsecho benchmark one_time_request server_and_client accept_header

server : server.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o server $(CXXFLAGS) server.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

client : client.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o client $(CXXFLAGS) client.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

hello : hello.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o hello $(CXXFLAGS) hello.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

simplecli : simplecli.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o simplecli $(CXXFLAGS) simplecli.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

simplesvr : simplesvr.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o simplesvr $(CXXFLAGS) simplesvr.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

upload : upload.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o upload $(CXXFLAGS) upload.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

redirect : redirect.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o redirect $(CXXFLAGS) redirect.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

ssesvr : ssesvr.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o ssesvr $(CXXFLAGS) ssesvr.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

ssecli : ssecli.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o ssecli $(CXXFLAGS) ssecli.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

wsecho : wsecho.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o wsecho $(CXXFLAGS) wsecho.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

benchmark : benchmark.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o benchmark $(CXXFLAGS) benchmark.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

one_time_request : one_time_request.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o one_time_request $(CXXFLAGS) one_time_request.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

server_and_client : server_and_client.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o server_and_client $(CXXFLAGS) server_and_client.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

accept_header : accept_header.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o accept_header $(CXXFLAGS) accept_header.cc $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT)

pem:
	openssl genrsa 2048 > key.pem
	openssl req -new -key key.pem | openssl x509 -days 3650 -req -signkey key.pem > cert.pem

clean:
	rm server client hello simplecli simplesvr upload redirect ssesvr ssecli wsecho benchmark one_time_request server_and_client accept_header *.pem


================================================
FILE: example/accept_header.cc
================================================
#include "httplib.h"
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    using namespace httplib;
    
    // Example usage of parse_accept_header function
    std::cout << "=== Accept Header Parser Example ===" << std::endl;
    
    // Example 1: Simple Accept header
    std::string accept1 = "text/html,application/json,text/plain";
    std::vector<std::string> result1;
    if (detail::parse_accept_header(accept1, result1)) {
        std::cout << "\nExample 1: " << accept1 << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Parsed order:" << std::endl;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < result1.size(); ++i) {
            std::cout << "  " << (i + 1) << ". " << result1[i] << std::endl;
        }
    } else {
        std::cout << "\nExample 1: Failed to parse Accept header" << std::endl;
    }
    
    // Example 2: Accept header with quality values
    std::string accept2 = "text/html;q=0.9,application/json;q=1.0,text/plain;q=0.8";
    std::vector<std::string> result2;
    if (detail::parse_accept_header(accept2, result2)) {
        std::cout << "\nExample 2: " << accept2 << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Parsed order (sorted by priority):" << std::endl;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < result2.size(); ++i) {
            std::cout << "  " << (i + 1) << ". " << result2[i] << std::endl;
        }
    } else {
        std::cout << "\nExample 2: Failed to parse Accept header" << std::endl;
    }
    
    // Example 3: Browser-like Accept header
    std::string accept3 = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8";
    std::vector<std::string> result3;
    if (detail::parse_accept_header(accept3, result3)) {
        std::cout << "\nExample 3: " << accept3 << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Parsed order:" << std::endl;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < result3.size(); ++i) {
            std::cout << "  " << (i + 1) << ". " << result3[i] << std::endl;
        }
    } else {
        std::cout << "\nExample 3: Failed to parse Accept header" << std::endl;
    }
    
    // Example 4: Invalid Accept header examples
    std::cout << "\n=== Invalid Accept Header Examples ===" << std::endl;
    
    std::vector<std::string> invalid_examples = {
        "text/html;q=1.5,application/json",  // q > 1.0
        "text/html;q=-0.1,application/json", // q < 0.0
        "text/html;q=invalid,application/json", // invalid q value
        "invalidtype,application/json",      // invalid media type
        ",application/json"                  // empty entry
    };
    
    for (const auto& invalid_accept : invalid_examples) {
        std::vector<std::string> temp_result;
        std::cout << "\nTesting invalid: " << invalid_accept << std::endl;
        if (detail::parse_accept_header(invalid_accept, temp_result)) {
            std::cout << "  Unexpectedly succeeded!" << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "  Correctly rejected as invalid" << std::endl;
        }
    }
    
    // Example 4: Server usage example
    std::cout << "\n=== Server Usage Example ===" << std::endl;
    Server svr;
    
    svr.Get("/api/data", [](const Request& req, Response& res) {
        // Get Accept header
        auto accept_header = req.get_header_value("Accept");
        if (accept_header.empty()) {
            accept_header = "*/*";  // Default if no Accept header
        }
        
        // Parse accept header to get preferred content types
        std::vector<std::string> preferred_types;
        if (!detail::parse_accept_header(accept_header, preferred_types)) {
            // Invalid Accept header
            res.status = 400;  // Bad Request
            res.set_content("Invalid Accept header", "text/plain");
            return;
        }
        
        std::cout << "Client Accept header: " << accept_header << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Preferred types in order:" << std::endl;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < preferred_types.size(); ++i) {
            std::cout << "  " << (i + 1) << ". " << preferred_types[i] << std::endl;
        }
        
        // Choose response format based on client preference
        std::string response_content;
        std::string content_type;
        
        for (const auto& type : preferred_types) {
            if (type == "application/json" || type == "application/*" || type == "*/*") {
                response_content = "{\"message\": \"Hello, World!\", \"data\": [1, 2, 3]}";
                content_type = "application/json";
                break;
            } else if (type == "text/html" || type == "text/*") {
                response_content = "<html><body><h1>Hello, World!</h1><p>Data: 1, 2, 3</p></body></html>";
                content_type = "text/html";
                break;
            } else if (type == "text/plain") {
                response_content = "Hello, World!\nData: 1, 2, 3";
                content_type = "text/plain";
                break;
            }
        }
        
        if (response_content.empty()) {
            // No supported content type found
            res.status = 406;  // Not Acceptable
            res.set_content("No acceptable content type found", "text/plain");
            return;
        }
        
        res.set_content(response_content, content_type);
        std::cout << "Responding with: " << content_type << std::endl;
    });
    
    std::cout << "Server configured. You can test it with:" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "  curl -H \"Accept: application/json\" http://localhost:8080/api/data" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "  curl -H \"Accept: text/html\" http://localhost:8080/api/data" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "  curl -H \"Accept: text/plain\" http://localhost:8080/api/data" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "  curl -H \"Accept: text/html;q=0.9,application/json;q=1.0\" http://localhost:8080/api/data" << std::endl;
    
    return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/benchmark.cc
================================================
#include <chrono>
#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

struct StopWatch {
  StopWatch(const string &label) : label_(label) {
    start_ = chrono::system_clock::now();
  }
  ~StopWatch() {
    auto end = chrono::system_clock::now();
    auto diff = end - start_;
    auto count = chrono::duration_cast<chrono::milliseconds>(diff).count();
    cout << label_ << ": " << count << " millisec." << endl;
  }
  string label_;
  chrono::system_clock::time_point start_;
};

int main(void) {
  string body(1024 * 5, 'a');

  httplib::Client cli("httpcan.org", 80);

  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
    StopWatch sw(to_string(i).c_str());
    auto res = cli.Post("/post", body, "application/octet-stream");
    assert(res->status == httplib::StatusCode::OK_200);
  }

  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/ca-bundle.crt
================================================
##
## Bundle of CA Root Certificates
##
## Certificate data from Mozilla as of: Tue Jan 22 14:14:40 2019 GMT
##
## This is a bundle of X.509 certificates of public Certificate Authorities
## (CA). These were automatically extracted from Mozilla's root certificates
## file (certdata.txt).  This file can be found in the mozilla source tree:
## https://hg.mozilla.org/releases/mozilla-release/raw-file/default/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt
##
## It contains the certificates in PEM format and therefore
## can be directly used with curl / libcurl / php_curl, or with
## an Apache+mod_ssl webserver for SSL client authentication.
## Just configure this file as the SSLCACertificateFile.
##
## Conversion done with mk-ca-bundle.pl version 1.27.
## SHA256: 18372117493b5b7ec006c31d966143fc95a9464a2b5f8d5188e23c5557b2292d
##


GlobalSign Root CA
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign Root CA - R2
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Verisign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3
============================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust.net Premium 2048 Secure Server CA
=========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Baltimore CyberTrust Root
=========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AddTrust External Root
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust Root Certification Authority
====================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Global CA
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Universal CA
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFaDCCA1CgAwIBAgIBATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBFMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEWMBQGA1UEChMN
R2VvVHJ1c3QgSW5jLjEeMBwGA1UEAxMVR2VvVHJ1c3QgVW5pdmVyc2FsIENBMB4XDTA0MDMwNDA1
MDAwMFoXDTI5MDMwNDA1MDAwMFowRTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFjAUBgNVBAoTDUdlb1RydXN0IElu
Yy4xHjAcBgNVBAMTFUdlb1RydXN0IFVuaXZlcnNhbCBDQTCCAiIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIP
ADCCAgoCggIBAKYVVaCjxuAfjJ0hUNfBvitbtaSeodlyWL0AG0y/YckUHUWCq8YdgNY96xCcOq9t
JPi8cQGeBvV8Xx7BDlXKg5pZMK4ZyzBIle0iN430SppyZj6tlcDgFgDgEB8rMQ7XlFTTQjOgNB0e
RXbdT8oYN+yFFXoZCPzVx5zw8qkuEKmS5j1YPakWaDwvdSEYfyh3peFhF7em6fgemdtzbvQKoiFs
7tqqhZJmr/Z6a4LauiIINQ/PQvE1+mrufislzDoR5G2vc7J2Ha3QsnhnGqQ5HFELZ1aD/ThdDc7d
8Lsrlh/eezJS/R27tQahsiFepdaVaH/wmZ7cRQg+59IJDTWU3YBOU5fXtQlEIGQWFwMCTFMNaN7V
qnJNk22CDtucvc+081xdVHppCZbW2xHBjXWotM85yM48vCR85mLK4b19p71XZQvk/iXttmkQ3Cga
Rr0BHdCXteGYO8A3ZNY9lO4L4fUorgtWv3GLIylBjobFS1J72HGrH4oVpjuDWtdYAVHGTEHZf9hB
Z3KiKN9gg6meyHv8U3NyWfWTehd2Ds735VzZC1U0oqpbtWpU5xPKV+yXbfReBi9Fi1jUIxaS5BZu
KGNZMN9QAZxjiRqf2xeUgnA3wySemkfWWspOqGmJch+RbNt+nhutxx9z3SxPGWX9f5NAEC7S8O08
ni4oPmkmM8V7AgMBAAGjYzBhMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wHQYDVR0OBBYEFNq7LqqwDLiIJlF0
XG0D08DYj3rWMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFNq7LqqwDLiIJlF0XG0D08DYj3rWMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIB
hjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFAAOCAgEAMXjmx7XfuJRAyXHEqDXsRh3ChfMoWIawC/yOsjmPRFWrZIRc
aanQmjg8+uUfNeVE44B5lGiku8SfPeE0zTBGi1QrlaXv9z+ZhP015s8xxtxqv6fXIwjhmF7DWgh2
qaavdy+3YL1ERmrvl/9zlcGO6JP7/TG37FcREUWbMPEaiDnBTzynANXH/KttgCJwpQzgXQQpAvvL
oJHRfNbDflDVnVi+QTjruXU8FdmbyUqDWcDaU/0zuzYYm4UPFd3uLax2k7nZAY1IEKj79TiG8dsK
xr2EoyNB3tZ3b4XUhRxQ4K5RirqNPnbiucon8l+f725ZDQbYKxek0nxru18UGkiPGkzns0ccjkxF
KyDuSN/n3QmOGKjaQI2SJhFTYXNd673nxE0pN2HrrDktZy4W1vUAg4WhzH92xH3kt0tm7wNFYGm2
DFKWkoRepqO1pD4r2czYG0eq8kTaT/kD6PAUyz/zg97QwVTjt+gKN02LIFkDMBmhLMi9ER/frslK
xfMnZmaGrGiR/9nmUxwPi1xpZQomyB40w11Re9epnAahNt3ViZS82eQtDF4JbAiXfKM9fJP/P6EU
p8+1Xevb2xzEdt+Iub1FBZUbrvxGakyvSOPOrg/SfuvmbJxPgWp6ZKy7PtXny3YuxadIwVyQD8vI
P/rmMuGNG2+k5o7Y+SlIis5z/iw=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Universal CA 2
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Comodo AAA Services root
========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 2
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 3
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Security Communication Root CA
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Sonera Class 2 Root CA
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

XRamp Global CA Root
====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Go Daddy Class 2 CA
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Starfield Class 2 CA
====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Taiwan GRCA
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Assured ID Root CA
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Global Root CA
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDxTCCAq2gAwIBAgIQAqxcJmoLQJuPC3nyrkYldzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBsMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSsw
KQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5jZSBFViBSb290IENBMB4XDTA2MTExMDAwMDAw
MFoXDTMxMTExMDAwMDAwMFowbDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZ
MBcGA1UECxMQd3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTErMCkGA1UEAxMiRGlnaUNlcnQgSGlnaCBBc3N1cmFu
Y2UgRVYgUm9vdCBDQTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAMbM5XPm+9S75S0t
Mqbf5YE/yc0lSbZxKsPVlDRnogocsF9ppkCxxLeyj9CYpKlBWTrT3JTWPNt0OKRKzE0lgvdKpVMS
OO7zSW1xkX5jtqumX8OkhPhPYlG++MXs2ziS4wblCJEMxChBVfvLWokVfnHoNb9Ncgk9vjo4UFt3
MRuNs8ckRZqnrG0AFFoEt7oT61EKmEFBIk5lYYeBQVCmeVyJ3hlKV9Uu5l0cUyx+mM0aBhakaHPQ
NAQTXKFx01p8VdteZOE3hzBWBOURtCmAEvF5OYiiAhF8J2a3iLd48soKqDirCmTCv2ZdlYTBoSUe
h10aUAsgEsxBu24LUTi4S8sCAwEAAaNjMGEwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMB
Af8wHQYDVR0OBBYEFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoIAu9jZCvDMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSY
JhoIAu9jZCvDMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQAcGgaX3NecnzyIZgYIVyHbIUf4KmeqvxgydkAQ
V8GK83rZEWWONfqe/EW1ntlMMUu4kehDLI6zeM7b41N5cdblIZQB2lWHmiRk9opmzN6cN82oNLFp
myPInngiK3BD41VHMWEZ71jFhS9OMPagMRYjyOfiZRYzy78aG6A9+MpeizGLYAiJLQwGXFK3xPkK
mNEVX58Svnw2Yzi9RKR/5CYrCsSXaQ3pjOLAEFe4yHYSkVXySGnYvCoCWw9E1CAx2/S6cCZdkGCe
vEsXCS+0yx5DaMkHJ8HSXPfqIbloEpw8nL+e/IBcm2PN7EeqJSdnoDfzAIJ9VNep+OkuE6N36B9K
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certplus Class 2 Primary CA
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DST Root CA X3
==============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SwissSign Gold CA - G2
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SwissSign Silver CA - G2
========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Primary Certification Authority
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDfDCCAmSgAwIBAgIQGKy1av1pthU6Y2yv2vrEoTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBYMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEWMBQGA1UEChMNR2VvVHJ1c3QgSW5jLjExMC8GA1UEAxMoR2VvVHJ1c3QgUHJpbWFyeSBD
ZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAeFw0wNjExMjcwMDAwMDBaFw0zNjA3MTYyMzU5NTlaMFgx
CzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRYwFAYDVQQKEw1HZW9UcnVzdCBJbmMuMTEwLwYDVQQDEyhHZW9UcnVzdCBQ
cmltYXJ5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIB
CgKCAQEAvrgVe//UfH1nrYNke8hCUy3f9oQIIGHWAVlqnEQRr+92/ZV+zmEwu3qDXwK9AWbK7hWN
b6EwnL2hhZ6UOvNWiAAxz9juapYC2e0DjPt1befquFUWBRaa9OBesYjAZIVcFU2Ix7e64HXprQU9
nceJSOC7KMgD4TCTZF5SwFlwIjVXiIrxlQqD17wxcwE07e9GceBrAqg1cmuXm2bgyxx5X9gaBGge
RwLmnWDiNpcB3841kt++Z8dtd1k7j53WkBWUvEI0EME5+bEnPn7WinXFsq+W06Lem+SYvn3h6YGt
tm/81w7a4DSwDRp35+MImO9Y+pyEtzavwt+s0vQQBnBxNQIDAQABo0IwQDAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTAD
AQH/MA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAdBgNVHQ4EFgQULNVQQZcVi/CPNmFbSvtr2ZnJM5IwDQYJKoZI
hvcNAQEFBQADggEBAFpwfyzdtzRP9YZRqSa+S7iq8XEN3GHHoOo0Hnp3DwQ16CePbJC/kRYkRj5K
Ts4rFtULUh38H2eiAkUxT87z+gOneZ1TatnaYzr4gNfTmeGl4b7UVXGYNTq+k+qurUKykG/g/CFN
NWMziUnWm07Kx+dOCQD32sfvmWKZd7aVIl6KoKv0uHiYyjgZmclynnjNS6yvGaBzEi38wkG6gZHa
Floxt/m0cYASSJlyc1pZU8FjUjPtp8nSOQJw+uCxQmYpqptR7TBUIhRf2asdweSU8Pj1K/fqynhG
1riR/aYNKxoUAT6A8EKglQdebc3MS6RFjasS6LPeWuWgfOgPIh1a6Vk=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

thawte Primary Root CA
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
============================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SecureTrust CA
==============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDuDCCAqCgAwIBAgIQDPCOXAgWpa1Cf/DrJxhZ0DANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBIMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEgMB4GA1UEChMXU2VjdXJlVHJ1c3QgQ29ycG9yYXRpb24xFzAVBgNVBAMTDlNlY3VyZVRy
dXN0IENBMB4XDTA2MTEwNzE5MzExOFoXDTI5MTIzMTE5NDA1NVowSDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxIDAe
BgNVBAoTF1NlY3VyZVRydXN0IENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRcwFQYDVQQDEw5TZWN1cmVUcnVzdCBDQTCC
ASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAKukgeWVzfX2FI7CT8rU4niVWJxB4Q2ZQCQX
OZEzZum+4YOvYlyJ0fwkW2Gz4BERQRwdbvC4u/jep4G6pkjGnx29vo6pQT64lO0pGtSO0gMdA+9t
DWccV9cGrcrI9f4Or2YlSASWC12juhbDCE/RRvgUXPLIXgGZbf2IzIaowW8xQmxSPmjL8xk037uH
GFaAJsTQ3MBv396gwpEWoGQRS0S8Hvbn+mPeZqx2pHGj7DaUaHp3pLHnDi+BeuK1cobvomuL8A/b
01k/unK8RCSc43Oz969XL0Imnal0ugBS8kvNU3xHCzaFDmapCJcWNFfBZveA4+1wVMeT4C4oFVmH
ursCAwEAAaOBnTCBmjATBgkrBgEEAYI3FAIEBh4EAEMAQTALBgNVHQ8EBAMCAYYwDwYDVR0TAQH/
BAUwAwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUQjK2FvoE/f5dS3rD/fdMQB1aQ68wNAYDVR0fBC0wKzApoCegJYYj
aHR0cDovL2NybC5zZWN1cmV0cnVzdC5jb20vU1RDQS5jcmwwEAYJKwYBBAGCNxUBBAMCAQAwDQYJ
KoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBADDtT0rhWDpSclu1pqNlGKa7UTt36Z3q059c4EVlew3KW+JwULKUBRSu
SceNQQcSc5R+DCMh/bwQf2AQWnL1mA6s7Ll/3XpvXdMc9P+IBWlCqQVxyLesJugutIxq/3HcuLHf
mbx8IVQr5Fiiu1cprp6poxkmD5kuCLDv/WnPmRoJjeOnnyvJNjR7JLN4TJUXpAYmHrZkUjZfYGfZ
nMUFdAvnZyPSCPyI6a6Lf+Ew9Dd+/cYy2i2eRDAwbO4H3tI0/NL/QPZL9GZGBlSm8jIKYyYwa5vR
3ItHuuG51WLQoqD0ZwV4KWMabwTW+MZMo5qxN7SN5ShLHZ4swrhovO0C7jE=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Secure Global CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDvDCCAqSgAwIBAgIQB1YipOjUiolN9BPI8PjqpTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBKMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEgMB4GA1UEChMXU2VjdXJlVHJ1c3QgQ29ycG9yYXRpb24xGTAXBgNVBAMTEFNlY3VyZSBH
bG9iYWwgQ0EwHhcNMDYxMTA3MTk0MjI4WhcNMjkxMjMxMTk1MjA2WjBKMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEg
MB4GA1UEChMXU2VjdXJlVHJ1c3QgQ29ycG9yYXRpb24xGTAXBgNVBAMTEFNlY3VyZSBHbG9iYWwg
Q0EwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQCvNS7YrGxVaQZx5RNoJLNP2MwhR/jx
YDiJiQPpvepeRlMJ3Fz1Wuj3RSoC6zFh1ykzTM7HfAo3fg+6MpjhHZevj8fcyTiW89sa/FHtaMbQ
bqR8JNGuQsiWUGMu4P51/pinX0kuleM5M2SOHqRfkNJnPLLZ/kG5VacJjnIFHovdRIWCQtBJwB1g
8NEXLJXr9qXBkqPFwqcIYA1gBBCWeZ4WNOaptvolRTnIHmX5k/Wq8VLcmZg9pYYaDDUz+kulBAYV
HDGA76oYa8J719rO+TMg1fW9ajMtgQT7sFzUnKPiXB3jqUJ1XnvUd+85VLrJChgbEplJL4hL/VBi
0XPnj3pDAgMBAAGjgZ0wgZowEwYJKwYBBAGCNxQCBAYeBABDAEEwCwYDVR0PBAQDAgGGMA8GA1Ud
EwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wHQYDVR0OBBYEFK9EBMJBfkiD2045AuzshHrmzsmkMDQGA1UdHwQtMCswKaAn
oCWGI2h0dHA6Ly9jcmwuc2VjdXJldHJ1c3QuY29tL1NHQ0EuY3JsMBAGCSsGAQQBgjcVAQQDAgEA
MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQBjGghAfaReUw132HquHw0LURYD7xh8yOOvaliTFGCRsoTciE6+
OYo68+aCiV0BN7OrJKQVDpI1WkpEXk5X+nXOH0jOZvQ8QCaSmGwb7iRGDBezUqXbpZGRzzfTb+cn
CDpOGR86p1hcF895P4vkp9MmI50mD1hp/Ed+stCNi5O/KU9DaXR2Z0vPB4zmAve14bRDtUstFJ/5
3CYNv6ZHdAbYiNE6KTCEztI5gGIbqMdXSbxqVVFnFUq+NQfk1XWYN3kwFNspnWzFacxHVaIw98xc
f8LDmBxrThaA63p4ZUWiABqvDA1VZDRIuJK58bRQKfJPIx/abKwfROHdI3hRW8cW
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

COMODO Certification Authority
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Network Solutions Certificate Authority
=======================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

COMODO ECC Certification Authority
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

OISTE WISeKey Global Root GA CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certigna
========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Deutsche Telekom Root CA 2
==========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Cybertrust Global Root
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

ePKI Root Certification Authority
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFsDCCA5igAwIBAgIQFci9ZUdcr7iXAF7kBtK8nTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBeMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJUVzEjMCEGA1UECgwaQ2h1bmdod2EgVGVsZWNvbSBDby4sIEx0ZC4xKjAoBgNVBAsMIWVQS0kg
Um9vdCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAeFw0wNDEyMjAwMjMxMjdaFw0zNDEyMjAwMjMx
MjdaMF4xCzAJBgNVBAYTAlRXMSMwIQYDVQQKDBpDaHVuZ2h3YSBUZWxlY29tIENvLiwgTHRkLjEq
MCgGA1UECwwhZVBLSSBSb290IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0B
AQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA4SUP7o3biDN1Z82tH306Tm2d0y8U82N0ywEhajfqhFAHSyZbCUNs
IZ5qyNUD9WBpj8zwIuQf5/dqIjG3LBXy4P4AakP/h2XGtRrBp0xtInAhijHyl3SJCRImHJ7K2RKi
lTza6We/CKBk49ZCt0Xvl/T29de1ShUCWH2YWEtgvM3XDZoTM1PRYfl61dd4s5oz9wCGzh1NlDiv
qOx4UXCKXBCDUSH3ET00hl7lSM2XgYI1TBnsZfZrxQWh7kcT1rMhJ5QQCtkkO7q+RBNGMD+XPNjX
12ruOzjjK9SXDrkb5wdJfzcq+Xd4z1TtW0ado4AOkUPB1ltfFLqfpo0kR0BZv3I4sjZsN/+Z0V0O
WQqraffAsgRFelQArr5T9rXn4fg8ozHSqf4hUmTFpmfwdQcGlBSBVcYn5AGPF8Fqcde+S/uUWH1+
ETOxQvdibBjWzwloPn9s9h6PYq2lY9sJpx8iQkEeb5mKPtf5P0B6ebClAZLSnT0IFaUQAS2zMnao
lQ2zepr7BxB4EW/hj8e6DyUadCrlHJhBmd8hh+iVBmoKs2pHdmX2Os+PYhcZewoozRrSgx4hxyy/
vv9haLdnG7t4TY3OZ+XkwY63I2binZB1NJipNiuKmpS5nezMirH4JYlcWrYvjB9teSSnUmjDhDXi
Zo1jDiVN1Rmy5nk3pyKdVDECAwEAAaNqMGgwHQYDVR0OBBYEFB4M97Zn8uGSJglFwFU5Lnc/Qkqi
MAwGA1UdEwQFMAMBAf8wOQYEZyoHAAQxMC8wLQIBADAJBgUrDgMCGgUAMAcGBWcqAwAABBRFsMLH
ClZ87lt4DJX5GFPBphzYEDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFAAOCAgEACbODU1kBPpVJufGBuvl2ICO1J2B0
1GqZNF5sAFPZn/KmsSQHRGoqxqWOeBLoR9lYGxMqXnmbnwoqZ6YlPwZpVnPDimZI+ymBV3QGypzq
KOg4ZyYr8dW1P2WT+DZdjo2NQCCHGervJ8A9tDkPJXtoUHRVnAxZfVo9QZQlUgjgRywVMRnVvwdV
xrsStZf0X4OFunHB2WyBEXYKCrC/gpf36j36+uwtqSiUO1bd0lEursC9CBWMd1I0ltabrNMdjmEP
NXubrjlpC2JgQCA2j6/7Nu4tCEoduL+bXPjqpRugc6bY+G7gMwRfaKonh+3ZwZCc7b3jajWvY9+r
GNm65ulK6lCKD2GTHuItGeIwlDWSXQ62B68ZgI9HkFFLLk3dheLSClIKF5r8GrBQAuUBo2M3IUxE
xJtRmREOc5wGj1QupyheRDmHVi03vYVElOEMSyycw5KFNGHLD7ibSkNS/jQ6fbjpKdx2qcgw+BRx
gMYeNkh0IkFch4LoGHGLQYlE535YW6i4jRPpp2zDR+2zGp1iro2C6pSe3VkQw63d4k3jMdXH7Ojy
sP6SHhYKGvzZ8/gntsm+HbRsZJB/9OTEW9c3rkIO3aQab3yIVMUWbuF6aC74Or8NpDyJO3inTmOD
BCEIZ43ygknQW/2xzQ+DhNQ+IIX3Sj0rnP0qCglN6oH4EZw=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

certSIGN ROOT CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Primary Certification Authority - G3
=============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

thawte Primary Root CA - G2
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

thawte Primary Root CA - G3
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Primary Certification Authority - G2
=============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

VeriSign Universal Root Certification Authority
===============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIEuTCCA6GgAwIBAgIQQBrEZCGzEyEDDrvkEhrFHTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADCBvTELMAkGA1UE
BhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMR8wHQYDVQQLExZWZXJpU2lnbiBUcnVzdCBO
ZXR3b3JrMTowOAYDVQQLEzEoYykgMjAwOCBWZXJpU2lnbiwgSW5jLiAtIEZvciBhdXRob3JpemVk
IHVzZSBvbmx5MTgwNgYDVQQDEy9WZXJpU2lnbiBVbml2ZXJzYWwgUm9vdCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9u
IEF1dGhvcml0eTAeFw0wODA0MDIwMDAwMDBaFw0zNzEyMDEyMzU5NTlaMIG9MQswCQYDVQQGEwJV
UzEXMBUGA1UEChMOVmVyaVNpZ24sIEluYy4xHzAdBgNVBAsTFlZlcmlTaWduIFRydXN0IE5ldHdv
cmsxOjA4BgNVBAsTMShjKSAyMDA4IFZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuIC0gRm9yIGF1dGhvcml6ZWQgdXNl
IG9ubHkxODA2BgNVBAMTL1ZlcmlTaWduIFVuaXZlcnNhbCBSb290IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0
aG9yaXR5MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAx2E3XrEBNNti1xWb/1hajCMj
1mCOkdeQmIN65lgZOIzF9uVkhbSicfvtvbnazU0AtMgtc6XHaXGVHzk8skQHnOgO+k1KxCHfKWGP
MiJhgsWHH26MfF8WIFFE0XBPV+rjHOPMee5Y2A7Cs0WTwCznmhcrewA3ekEzeOEz4vMQGn+HLL72
9fdC4uW/h2KJXwBL38Xd5HVEMkE6HnFuacsLdUYI0crSK5XQz/u5QGtkjFdN/BMReYTtXlT2NJ8I
AfMQJQYXStrxHXpma5hgZqTZ79IugvHw7wnqRMkVauIDbjPTrJ9VAMf2CGqUuV/c4DPxhGD5WycR
tPwW8rtWaoAljQIDAQABo4GyMIGvMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMG0G
CCsGAQUFBwEMBGEwX6FdoFswWTBXMFUWCWltYWdlL2dpZjAhMB8wBwYFKw4DAhoEFI/l0xqGrI2O
a8PPgGrUSBgsexkuMCUWI2h0dHA6Ly9sb2dvLnZlcmlzaWduLmNvbS92c2xvZ28uZ2lmMB0GA1Ud
DgQWBBS2d/ppSEefUxLVwuoHMnYH0ZcHGTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAQEASvj4sAPmLGd75JR3
Y8xuTPl9Dg3cyLk1uXBPY/ok+myDjEedO2Pzmvl2MpWRsXe8rJq+seQxIcaBlVZaDrHC1LGmWazx
Y8u4TB1ZkErvkBYoH1quEPuBUDgMbMzxPcP1Y+Oz4yHJJDnp/RVmRvQbEdBNc6N9Rvk97ahfYtTx
P/jgdFcrGJ2BtMQo2pSXpXDrrB2+BxHw1dvd5Yzw1TKwg+ZX4o+/vqGqvz0dtdQ46tewXDpPaj+P
wGZsY6rp2aQW9IHRlRQOfc2VNNnSj3BzgXucfr2YYdhFh5iQxeuGMMY1v/D/w1WIg0vvBZIGcfK4
mJO37M2CYfE45k+XmCpajQ==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G4
============================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

NetLock Arany (Class Gold) Főtanúsítvány
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Staat der Nederlanden Root CA - G2
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hongkong Post Root CA 1
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDMDCCAhigAwIBAgICA+gwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwRzELMAkGA1UEBhMCSEsxFjAUBgNVBAoT
DUhvbmdrb25nIFBvc3QxIDAeBgNVBAMTF0hvbmdrb25nIFBvc3QgUm9vdCBDQSAxMB4XDTAzMDUx
NTA1MTMxNFoXDTIzMDUxNTA0NTIyOVowRzELMAkGA1UEBhMCSEsxFjAUBgNVBAoTDUhvbmdrb25n
IFBvc3QxIDAeBgNVBAMTF0hvbmdrb25nIFBvc3QgUm9vdCBDQSAxMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEF
AAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEArP84tulmAknjorThkPlAj3n54r15/gK97iSSHSL22oVyaf7XPwnU3ZG1
ApzQjVrhVcNQhrkpJsLj2aDxaQMoIIBFIi1WpztUlVYiWR8o3x8gPW2iNr4joLFutbEnPzlTCeqr
auh0ssJlXI6/fMN4hM2eFvz1Lk8gKgifd/PFHsSaUmYeSF7jEAaPIpjhZY4bXSNmO7ilMlHIhqqh
qZ5/dpTCpmy3QfDVyAY45tQM4vM7TG1QjMSDJ8EThFk9nnV0ttgCXjqQesBCNnLsak3c78QA3xMY
V18meMjWCnl3v/evt3a5pQuEF10Q6m/hq5URX208o1xNg1vysxmKgIsLhwIDAQABoyYwJDASBgNV
HRMBAf8ECDAGAQH/AgEDMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBxjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFAAOCAQEADkbVPK7i
h9legYsCmEEIjEy82tvuJxuC52pF7BaLT4Wg87JwvVqWuspube5Gi27nKi6Wsxkz67SfqLI37pio
l7Yutmcn1KZJ/RyTZXaeQi/cImyaT/JaFTmxcdcrUehtHJjA2Sr0oYJ71clBoiMBdDhViw+5Lmei
IAQ32pwL0xch4I+XeTRvhEgCIDMb5jREn5Fw9IBehEPCKdJsEhTkYY2sEJCehFC78JZvRZ+K88ps
T/oROhUVRsPNH4NbLUES7VBnQRM9IauUiqpOfMGx+6fWtScvl6tu4B3i0RwsH0Ti/L6RoZz71ilT
c4afU9hDDl3WY4JxHYB0yvbiAmvZWg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SecureSign RootCA11
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIECjCCAvKgAwIBAgIJAMJ+QwRORz8ZMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGCMQswCQYDVQQGEwJIVTER
MA8GA1UEBwwIQnVkYXBlc3QxFjAUBgNVBAoMDU1pY3Jvc2VjIEx0ZC4xJzAlBgNVBAMMHk1pY3Jv
c2VjIGUtU3ppZ25vIFJvb3QgQ0EgMjAwOTEfMB0GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYQaW5mb0BlLXN6aWduby5o
dTAeFw0wOTA2MTYxMTMwMThaFw0yOTEyMzAxMTMwMThaMIGCMQswCQYDVQQGEwJIVTERMA8GA1UE
BwwIQnVkYXBlc3QxFjAUBgNVBAoMDU1pY3Jvc2VjIEx0ZC4xJzAlBgNVBAMMHk1pY3Jvc2VjIGUt
U3ppZ25vIFJvb3QgQ0EgMjAwOTEfMB0GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYQaW5mb0BlLXN6aWduby5odTCCASIw
DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAOn4j/NjrdqG2KfgQvvPkd6mJviZpWNwrZuuyjNA
fW2WbqEORO7hE52UQlKavXWFdCyoDh2Tthi3jCyoz/tccbna7P7ofo/kLx2yqHWH2Leh5TvPmUpG
0IMZfcChEhyVbUr02MelTTMuhTlAdX4UfIASmFDHQWe4oIBhVKZsTh/gnQ4H6cm6M+f+wFUoLAKA
pxn1ntxVUwOXewdI/5n7N4okxFnMUBBjjqqpGrCEGob5X7uxUG6k0QrM1XF+H6cbfPVTbiJfyyvm
1HxdrtbCxkzlBQHZ7Vf8wSN5/PrIJIOV87VqUQHQd9bpEqH5GoP7ghu5sJf0dgYzQ0mg/wu1+rUC
AwEAAaOBgDB+MA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTLD8bf
QkPMPcu1SCOhGnqmKrs0aDAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBTLD8bfQkPMPcu1SCOhGnqmKrs0aDAbBgNVHREE
FDASgRBpbmZvQGUtc3ppZ25vLmh1MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQDJ0Q5eLtXMs3w+y/w9/w0o
lZMEyL/azXm4Q5DwpL7v8u8hmLzU1F0G9u5C7DBsoKqpyvGvivo/C3NqPuouQH4frlRheesuCDfX
I/OMn74dseGkddug4lQUsbocKaQY9hK6ohQU4zE1yED/t+AFdlfBHFny+L/k7SViXITwfn4fs775
tyERzAMBVnCnEJIeGzSBHq2cGsMEPO0CYdYeBvNfOofyK/FFh+U9rNHHV4S9a67c2Pm2G2JwCz02
yULyMtd6YebS2z3PyKnJm9zbWETXbzivf3jTo60adbocwTZ8jx5tHMN1Rq41Bab2XD0h7lbwyYIi
LXpUq3DDfSJlgnCW
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign Root CA - R3
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
=========================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Izenpe.com
==========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Chambers of Commerce Root - 2008
================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Global Chambersign Root - 2008
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDxTCCAq2gAwIBAgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADCBgzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxEDAOBgNVBAgT
B0FyaXpvbmExEzARBgNVBAcTClNjb3R0c2RhbGUxGjAYBgNVBAoTEUdvRGFkZHkuY29tLCBJbmMu
MTEwLwYDVQQDEyhHbyBEYWRkeSBSb290IENlcnRpZmljYXRlIEF1dGhvcml0eSAtIEcyMB4XDTA5
MDkwMTAwMDAwMFoXDTM3MTIzMTIzNTk1OVowgYMxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRAwDgYDVQQIEwdBcml6
b25hMRMwEQYDVQQHEwpTY290dHNkYWxlMRowGAYDVQQKExFHb0RhZGR5LmNvbSwgSW5jLjExMC8G
A1UEAxMoR28gRGFkZHkgUm9vdCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZSBBdXRob3JpdHkgLSBHMjCCASIwDQYJKoZI
hvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAL9xYgjx+lk09xvJGKP3gElY6SKDE6bFIEMBO4Tx5oVJnyfq
9oQbTqC023CYxzIBsQU+B07u9PpPL1kwIuerGVZr4oAH/PMWdYA5UXvl+TW2dE6pjYIT5LY/qQOD
+qK+ihVqf94Lw7YZFAXK6sOoBJQ7RnwyDfMAZiLIjWltNowRGLfTshxgtDj6AozO091GB94KPutd
fMh8+7ArU6SSYmlRJQVhGkSBjCypQ5Yj36w6gZoOKcUcqeldHraenjAKOc7xiID7S13MMuyFYkMl
NAJWJwGRtDtwKj9useiciAF9n9T521NtYJ2/LOdYq7hfRvzOxBsDPAnrSTFcaUaz4EcCAwEAAaNC
MEAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFDqahQcQZyi27/a9
BUFuIMGU2g/eMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQCZ21151fmXWWcDYfF+OwYxdS2hII5PZYe096ac
vNjpL9DbWu7PdIxztDhC2gV7+AJ1uP2lsdeu9tfeE8tTEH6KRtGX+rcuKxGrkLAngPnon1rpN5+r
5N9ss4UXnT3ZJE95kTXWXwTrgIOrmgIttRD02JDHBHNA7XIloKmf7J6raBKZV8aPEjoJpL1E/QYV
N8Gb5DKj7Tjo2GTzLH4U/ALqn83/B2gX2yKQOC16jdFU8WnjXzPKej17CuPKf1855eJ1usV2GDPO
LPAvTK33sefOT6jEm0pUBsV/fdUID+Ic/n4XuKxe9tQWskMJDE32p2u0mYRlynqI4uJEvlz36hz1
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2
=========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2
==================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Commercial
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Networking
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Premium
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Premium ECC
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certum Trusted Network CA
=========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TWCA Root Certification Authority
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Security Communication RootCA2
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

EC-ACC
======
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011
=======================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Actalis Authentication Root CA
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Trustis FPS Root CA
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Buypass Class 2 Root CA
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Buypass Class 3 Root CA
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3
============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDwzCCAqugAwIBAgIBATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADCBgjELMAkGA1UEBhMCREUxKzApBgNVBAoM
IlQtU3lzdGVtcyBFbnRlcnByaXNlIFNlcnZpY2VzIEdtYkgxHzAdBgNVBAsMFlQtU3lzdGVtcyBU
cnVzdCBDZW50ZXIxJTAjBgNVBAMMHFQtVGVsZVNlYyBHbG9iYWxSb290IENsYXNzIDMwHhcNMDgx
MDAxMTAyOTU2WhcNMzMxMDAxMjM1OTU5WjCBgjELMAkGA1UEBhMCREUxKzApBgNVBAoMIlQtU3lz
dGVtcyBFbnRlcnByaXNlIFNlcnZpY2VzIEdtYkgxHzAdBgNVBAsMFlQtU3lzdGVtcyBUcnVzdCBD
ZW50ZXIxJTAjBgNVBAMMHFQtVGVsZVNlYyBHbG9iYWxSb290IENsYXNzIDMwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3
DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQC9dZPwYiJvJK7genasfb3ZJNW4t/zN8ELg63iIVl6bmlQdTQyK
9tPPcPRStdiTBONGhnFBSivwKixVA9ZIw+A5OO3yXDw/RLyTPWGrTs0NvvAgJ1gORH8EGoel15YU
NpDQSXuhdfsaa3Ox+M6pCSzyU9XDFES4hqX2iys52qMzVNn6chr3IhUciJFrf2blw2qAsCTz34ZF
iP0Zf3WHHx+xGwpzJFu5ZeAsVMhg02YXP+HMVDNzkQI6pn97djmiH5a2OK61yJN0HZ65tOVgnS9W
0eDrXltMEnAMbEQgqxHY9Bn20pxSN+f6tsIxO0rUFJmtxxr1XV/6B7h8DR/Wgx6zAgMBAAGjQjBA
MA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBS1A/d2O2GCahKqGFPr
AyGUv/7OyjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAQEAVj3vlNW92nOyWL6ukK2YJ5f+AbGwUgC4TeQbIXQb
fsDuXmkqJa9c1h3a0nnJ85cp4IaH3gRZD/FZ1GSFS5mvJQQeyUapl96Cshtwn5z2r3Ex3XsFpSzT
ucpH9sry9uetuUg/vBa3wW306gmv7PO15wWeph6KU1HWk4HMdJP2udqmJQV0eVp+QD6CSyYRMG7h
P0HHRwA11fXT91Q+gT3aSWqas+8QPebrb9HIIkfLzM8BMZLZGOMivgkeGj5asuRrDFR6fUNOuIml
e9eiPZaGzPImNC1qkp2aGtAw4l1OBLBfiyB+d8E9lYLRRpo7PHi4b6HQDWSieB4pTpPDpFQUWw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

EE Certification Centre Root CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

CA Disig Root R2
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

ACCVRAIZ1
=========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TWCA Global Root CA
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TeliaSonera Root CA v1
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

E-Tugra Certification Authority
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2
============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Atos TrustedRoot 2011
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Assured ID Root G2
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Assured ID Root G3
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIICRjCCAc2gAwIBAgIQC6Fa+h3foLVJRK/NJKBs7DAKBggqhkjOPQQDAzBlMQswCQYDVQQGEwJV
UzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSQwIgYD
VQQDExtEaWdpQ2VydCBBc3N1cmVkIElEIFJvb3QgRzMwHhcNMTMwODAxMTIwMDAwWhcNMzgwMTE1
MTIwMDAwWjBlMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3
d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSQwIgYDVQQDExtEaWdpQ2VydCBBc3N1cmVkIElEIFJvb3QgRzMwdjAQ
BgcqhkjOPQIBBgUrgQQAIgNiAAQZ57ysRGXtzbg/WPuNsVepRC0FFfLvC/8QdJ+1YlJfZn4f5dwb
RXkLzMZTCp2NXQLZqVneAlr2lSoOjThKiknGvMYDOAdfVdp+CW7if17QRSAPWXYQ1qAk8C3eNvJs
KTmjQjBAMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTL0L2p4ZgF
UaFNN6KDec6NHSrkhDAKBggqhkjOPQQDAwNnADBkAjAlpIFFAmsSS3V0T8gj43DydXLefInwz5Fy
YZ5eEJJZVrmDxxDnOOlYJjZ91eQ0hjkCMHw2U/Aw5WJjOpnitqM7mzT6HtoQknFekROn3aRukswy
1vUhZscv6pZjamVFkpUBtA==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Global Root G2
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Global Root G3
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Trusted Root G4
========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

COMODO RSA Certification Authority
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

USERTrust RSA Certification Authority
=====================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

USERTrust ECC Certification Authority
=====================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Staat der Nederlanden Root CA - G3
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA
================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2
=========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1
==========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

CFCA EV ROOT
============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certinomis - Root CA
====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SZAFIR ROOT CA2
===============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certum Trusted Network CA 2
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2015
=======================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions ECC RootCA 2015
===========================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

ISRG Root X1
============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFgzCCA2ugAwIBAgIPXZONMGc2yAYdGsdUhGkHMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMDsxCzAJBgNVBAYT
AkVTMREwDwYDVQQKDAhGTk1ULVJDTTEZMBcGA1UECwwQQUMgUkFJWiBGTk1ULVJDTTAeFw0wODEw
MjkxNTU5NTZaFw0zMDAxMDEwMDAwMDBaMDsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkVTMREwDwYDVQQKDAhGTk1ULVJD
TTEZMBcGA1UECwwQQUMgUkFJWiBGTk1ULVJDTTCCAiIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIPADCCAgoC
ggIBALpxgHpMhm5/yBNtwMZ9HACXjywMI7sQmkCpGreHiPibVmr75nuOi5KOpyVdWRHbNi63URcf
qQgfBBckWKo3Shjf5TnUV/3XwSyRAZHiItQDwFj8d0fsjz50Q7qsNI1NOHZnjrDIbzAzWHFctPVr
btQBULgTfmxKo0nRIBnuvMApGGWn3v7v3QqQIecaZ5JCEJhfTzC8PhxFtBDXaEAUwED653cXeuYL
j2VbPNmaUtu1vZ5Gzz3rkQUCwJaydkxNEJY7kvqcfw+Z374jNUUeAlz+taibmSXaXvMiwzn15Cou
08YfxGyqxRxqAQVKL9LFwag0Jl1mpdICIfkYtwb1TplvqKtMUejPUBjFd8g5CSxJkjKZqLsXF3mw
WsXmo8RZZUc1g16p6DULmbvkzSDGm0oGObVo/CK67lWMK07q87Hj/LaZmtVC+nFNCM+HHmpxffnT
tOmlcYF7wk5HlqX2doWjKI/pgG6BU6VtX7hI+cL5NqYuSf+4lsKMB7ObiFj86xsc3i1w4peSMKGJ
47xVqCfWS+2QrYv6YyVZLag13cqXM7zlzced0ezvXg5KkAYmY6252TUtB7p2ZSysV4999AeU14EC
ll2jB0nVetBX+RvnU0Z1qrB5QstocQjpYL05ac70r8NWQMetUqIJ5G+GR4of6ygnXYMgrwTJbFaa
i0b1AgMBAAGjgYMwgYAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwHQYDVR0OBBYE
FPd9xf3E6Jobd2Sn9R2gzL+HYJptMD4GA1UdIAQ3MDUwMwYEVR0gADArMCkGCCsGAQUFBwIBFh1o
dHRwOi8vd3d3LmNlcnQuZm5tdC5lcy9kcGNzLzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAgEAB5BK3/MjTvDD
nFFlm5wioooMhfNzKWtN/gHiqQxjAb8EZ6WdmF/9ARP67Jpi6Yb+tmLSbkyU+8B1RXxlDPiyN8+s
D8+Nb/kZ94/sHvJwnvDKuO+3/3Y3dlv2bojzr2IyIpMNOmqOFGYMLVN0V2Ue1bLdI4E7pWYjJ2cJ
j+F3qkPNZVEI7VFY/uY5+ctHhKQV8Xa7pO6kO8Rf77IzlhEYt8llvhjho6Tc+hj507wTmzl6NLrT
Qfv6MooqtyuGC2mDOL7Nii4LcK2NJpLuHvUBKwrZ1pebbuCoGRw6IYsMHkCtA+fdZn71uSANA+iW
+YJF1DngoABd15jmfZ5nc8OaKveri6E6FO80vFIOiZiaBECEHX5FaZNXzuvO+FB8TxxuBEOb+dY7
Ixjp6o7RTUaN8Tvkasq6+yO3m/qZASlaWFot4/nUbQ4mrcFuNLwy+AwF+mWj2zs3gyLp1txyM/1d
8iC9djwj2ij3+RvrWWTV3F9yfiD8zYm1kGdNYno/Tq0dwzn+evQoFt9B9kiABdcPUXmsEKvU7ANm
5mqwujGSQkBqvjrTcuFqN1W8rB2Vt2lh8kORdOag0wokRqEIr9baRRmW1FMdW4R58MD3R++Lj8UG
rp1MYp3/RgT408m2ECVAdf4WqslKYIYvuu8wd+RU4riEmViAqhOLUTpPSPaLtrM=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 1
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 2
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 3
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIBtjCCAVugAwIBAgITBmyf1XSXNmY/Owua2eiedgPySjAKBggqhkjOPQQDAjA5MQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEPMA0GA1UEChMGQW1hem9uMRkwFwYDVQQDExBBbWF6b24gUm9vdCBDQSAzMB4XDTE1MDUy
NjAwMDAwMFoXDTQwMDUyNjAwMDAwMFowOTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDzANBgNVBAoTBkFtYXpvbjEZ
MBcGA1UEAxMQQW1hem9uIFJvb3QgQ0EgMzBZMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHA0IABCmXp8ZB
f8ANm+gBG1bG8lKlui2yEujSLtf6ycXYqm0fc4E7O5hrOXwzpcVOho6AF2hiRVd9RFgdszflZwjr
Zt6jQjBAMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSrttvXBp43
rDCGB5Fwx5zEGbF4wDAKBggqhkjOPQQDAgNJADBGAiEA4IWSoxe3jfkrBqWTrBqYaGFy+uGh0Psc
eGCmQ5nFuMQCIQCcAu/xlJyzlvnrxir4tiz+OpAUFteMYyRIHN8wfdVoOw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 4
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIB8jCCAXigAwIBAgITBmyf18G7EEwpQ+Vxe3ssyBrBDjAKBggqhkjOPQQDAzA5MQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEPMA0GA1UEChMGQW1hem9uMRkwFwYDVQQDExBBbWF6b24gUm9vdCBDQSA0MB4XDTE1MDUy
NjAwMDAwMFoXDTQwMDUyNjAwMDAwMFowOTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDzANBgNVBAoTBkFtYXpvbjEZ
MBcGA1UEAxMQQW1hem9uIFJvb3QgQ0EgNDB2MBAGByqGSM49AgEGBSuBBAAiA2IABNKrijdPo1MN
/sGKe0uoe0ZLY7Bi9i0b2whxIdIA6GO9mif78DluXeo9pcmBqqNbIJhFXRbb/egQbeOc4OO9X4Ri
83BkM6DLJC9wuoihKqB1+IGuYgbEgds5bimwHvouXKNCMEAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNV
HQ8BAf8EBAMCAYYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFNPsxzplbszh2naaVvuc84ZtV+WBMAoGCCqGSM49BAMDA2gA
MGUCMDqLIfG9fhGt0O9Yli/W651+kI0rz2ZVwyzjKKlwCkcO8DdZEv8tmZQoTipPNU0zWgIxAOp1
AE47xDqUEpHJWEadIRNyp4iciuRMStuW1KyLa2tJElMzrdfkviT8tQp21KW8EA==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

LuxTrust Global Root 2
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1
=============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TrustCor RootCert CA-1
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TrustCor RootCert CA-2
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TrustCor ECA-1
==============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIEIDCCAwigAwIBAgIJAISCLF8cYtBAMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGcMQswCQYDVQQGEwJQQTEP
MA0GA1UECAwGUGFuYW1hMRQwEgYDVQQHDAtQYW5hbWEgQ2l0eTEkMCIGA1UECgwbVHJ1c3RDb3Ig
U3lzdGVtcyBTLiBkZSBSLkwuMScwJQYDVQQLDB5UcnVzdENvciBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZSBBdXRob3Jp
dHkxFzAVBgNVBAMMDlRydXN0Q29yIEVDQS0xMB4XDTE2MDIwNDEyMzIzM1oXDTI5MTIzMTE3Mjgw
N1owgZwxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlBBMQ8wDQYDVQQIDAZQYW5hbWExFDASBgNVBAcMC1BhbmFtYSBDaXR5
MSQwIgYDVQQKDBtUcnVzdENvciBTeXN0ZW1zIFMuIGRlIFIuTC4xJzAlBgNVBAsMHlRydXN0Q29y
IENlcnRpZmljYXRlIEF1dGhvcml0eTEXMBUGA1UEAwwOVHJ1c3RDb3IgRUNBLTEwggEiMA0GCSqG
SIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDPj+ARtZ+odnbb3w9U73NjKYKtR8aja+3+XzP4Q1HpGjOR
MRegdMTUpwHmspI+ap3tDvl0mEDTPwOABoJA6LHip1GnHYMma6ve+heRK9jGrB6xnhkB1Zem6g23
xFUfJ3zSCNV2HykVh0A53ThFEXXQmqc04L/NyFIduUd+Dbi7xgz2c1cWWn5DkR9VOsZtRASqnKmc
p0yJF4OuowReUoCLHhIlERnXDH19MURB6tuvsBzvgdAsxZohmz3tQjtQJvLsznFhBmIhVE5/wZ0+
fyCMgMsq2JdiyIMzkX2woloPV+g7zPIlstR8L+xNxqE6FXrntl019fZISjZFZtS6mFjBAgMBAAGj
YzBhMB0GA1UdDgQWBBREnkj1zG1I1KBLf/5ZJC+Dl5mahjAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBREnkj1zG1I1KBL
f/5ZJC+Dl5mahjAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBhjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsF
AAOCAQEABT41XBVwm8nHc2FvcivUwo/yQ10CzsSUuZQRg2dd4mdsdXa/uwyqNsatR5Nj3B5+1t4u
/ukZMjgDfxT2AHMsWbEhBuH7rBiVDKP/mZb3Kyeb1STMHd3BOuCYRLDE5D53sXOpZCz2HAF8P11F
hcCF5yWPldwX8zyfGm6wyuMdKulMY/okYWLW2n62HGz1Ah3UKt1VkOsqEUc8Ll50soIipX1TH0Xs
J5F95yIW6MBoNtjG8U+ARDL54dHRHareqKucBK+tIA5kmE2la8BIWJZpTdwHjFGTot+fDz2LYLSC
jaoITmJF4PkL0uDgPFveXHEnJcLmA4GLEFPjx1WitJ/X5g==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIF3TCCA8WgAwIBAgIIeyyb0xaAMpkwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAwfDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDjAM
BgNVBAgMBVRleGFzMRAwDgYDVQQHDAdIb3VzdG9uMRgwFgYDVQQKDA9TU0wgQ29ycG9yYXRpb24x
MTAvBgNVBAMMKFNTTC5jb20gUm9vdCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eSBSU0EwHhcNMTYw
MjEyMTczOTM5WhcNNDEwMjEyMTczOTM5WjB8MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEOMAwGA1UECAwFVGV4YXMx
EDAOBgNVBAcMB0hvdXN0b24xGDAWBgNVBAoMD1NTTCBDb3Jwb3JhdGlvbjExMC8GA1UEAwwoU1NM
LmNvbSBSb290IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5IFJTQTCCAiIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQAD
ggIPADCCAgoCggIBAPkP3aMrfcvQKv7sZ4Wm5y4bunfh4/WvpOz6Sl2RxFdHaxh3a3by/ZPkPQ/C
Fp4LZsNWlJ4Xg4XOVu/yFv0AYvUiCVToZRdOQbngT0aXqhvIuG5iXmmxX9sqAn78bMrzQdjt0Oj8
P2FI7bADFB0QDksZ4LtO7IZl/zbzXmcCC52GVWH9ejjt/uIZALdvoVBidXQ8oPrIJZK0bnoix/ge
oeOy3ZExqysdBP+lSgQ36YWkMyv94tZVNHwZpEpox7Ko07fKoZOI68GXvIz5HdkihCR0xwQ9aqkp
k8zruFvh/l8lqjRYyMEjVJ0bmBHDOJx+PYZspQ9AhnwC9FwCTyjLrnGfDzrIM/4RJTXq/LrFYD3Z
fBjVsqnTdXgDciLKOsMf7yzlLqn6niy2UUb9rwPW6mBo6oUWNmuF6R7As93EJNyAKoFBbZQ+yODJ
gUEAnl6/f8UImKIYLEJAs/lvOCdLToD0PYFH4Ih86hzOtXVcUS4cK38acijnALXRdMbX5J+tB5O2
UzU1/Dfkw/ZdFr4hc96SCvigY2q8lpJqPvi8ZVWb3vUNiSYE/CUapiVpy8JtynziWV+XrOvvLsi8
1xtZPCvM8hnIk2snYxnP/Okm+Mpxm3+T/jRnhE6Z6/yzeAkzcLpmpnbtG3PrGqUNxCITIJRWCk4s
bE6x/c+cCbqiM+2HAgMBAAGjYzBhMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTdBAkHovV6fVJTEpKV7jiAJQ2mWTAPBgNV
HRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFN0ECQei9Xp9UlMSkpXuOIAlDaZZMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQE
AwIBhjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAgEAIBgRlCn7Jp0cHh5wYfGVcpNxJK1ok1iOMq8bs3AD/CUr
dIWQPXhq9LmLpZc7tRiRux6n+UBbkflVma8eEdBcHadm47GUBwwyOabqG7B52B2ccETjit3E+ZUf
ijhDPwGFpUenPUayvOUiaPd7nNgsPgohyC0zrL/FgZkxdMF1ccW+sfAjRfSda/wZY52jvATGGAsl
u1OJD7OAUN5F7kR/q5R4ZJjT9ijdh9hwZXT7DrkT66cPYakylszeu+1jTBi7qUD3oFRuIIhxdRjq
erQ0cuAjJ3dctpDqhiVAq+8zD8ufgr6iIPv2tS0a5sKFsXQP+8hlAqRSAUfdSSLBv9jra6x+3uxj
MxW3IwiPxg+NQVrdjsW5j+VFP3jbutIbQLH+cU0/4IGiul607BXgk90IH37hVZkLId6Tngr75qNJ
vTYw/ud3sqB1l7UtgYgXZSD32pAAn8lSzDLKNXz1PQ/YK9f1JmzJBjSWFupwWRoyeXkLtoh/D1JI
Pb9s2KJELtFOt3JY04kTlf5Eq/jXixtunLwsoFvVagCvXzfh1foQC5ichucmj87w7G6KVwuA406y
wKBjYZC6VWg3dGq2ktufoYYitmUnDuy2n0Jg5GfCtdpBC8TTi2EbvPofkSvXRAdeuims2cXp71NI
WuuA8ShYIc2wBlX7Jz9TkHCpBB5XJ7k=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2
==============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC
===========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIClDCCAhqgAwIBAgIILCmcWxbtBZUwCgYIKoZIzj0EAwIwfzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDjAMBgNV
BAgMBVRleGFzMRAwDgYDVQQHDAdIb3VzdG9uMRgwFgYDVQQKDA9TU0wgQ29ycG9yYXRpb24xNDAy
BgNVBAMMK1NTTC5jb20gRVYgUm9vdCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eSBFQ0MwHhcNMTYw
MjEyMTgxNTIzWhcNNDEwMjEyMTgxNTIzWjB/MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEOMAwGA1UECAwFVGV4YXMx
EDAOBgNVBAcMB0hvdXN0b24xGDAWBgNVBAoMD1NTTCBDb3Jwb3JhdGlvbjE0MDIGA1UEAwwrU1NM
LmNvbSBFViBSb290IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5IEVDQzB2MBAGByqGSM49AgEGBSuB
BAAiA2IABKoSR5CYG/vvw0AHgyBO8TCCogbR8pKGYfL2IWjKAMTH6kMAVIbc/R/fALhBYlzccBYy
3h+Z1MzFB8gIH2EWB1E9fVwHU+M1OIzfzZ/ZLg1KthkuWnBaBu2+8KGwytAJKaNjMGEwHQYDVR0O
BBYEFFvKXuXe0oGqzagtZFG22XKbl+ZPMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUW8pe
5d7SgarNqC1kUbbZcpuX5k8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMAoGCCqGSM49BAMCA2gAMGUCMQCK5kCJ
N+vp1RPZytRrJPOwPYdGWBrssd9v+1a6cGvHOMzosYxPD/fxZ3YOg9AeUY8CMD32IygmTMZgh5Mm
m7I1HrrW9zzRHM76JTymGoEVW/MSD2zuZYrJh6j5B+BimoxcSg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign Root CA - R6
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R1
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFWjCCA0KgAwIBAgIQbkepxUtHDA3sM9CJuRz04TANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQwFADBHMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEiMCAGA1UEChMZR29vZ2xlIFRydXN0IFNlcnZpY2VzIExMQzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLR1RTIFJv
b3QgUjEwHhcNMTYwNjIyMDAwMDAwWhcNMzYwNjIyMDAwMDAwWjBHMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEiMCAG
A1UEChMZR29vZ2xlIFRydXN0IFNlcnZpY2VzIExMQzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLR1RTIFJvb3QgUjEwggIi
MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4ICDwAwggIKAoICAQC2EQKLHuOhd5s73L+UPreVp0A8of2C+X0yBoJx
9vaMf/vo27xqLpeXo4xL+Sv2sfnOhB2x+cWX3u+58qPpvBKJXqeqUqv4IyfLpLGcY9vXmX7wCl7r
aKb0xlpHDU0QM+NOsROjyBhsS+z8CZDfnWQpJSMHobTSPS5g4M/SCYe7zUjwTcLCeoiKu7rPWRnW
r4+wB7CeMfGCwcDfLqZtbBkOtdh+JhpFAz2weaSUKK0PfyblqAj+lug8aJRT7oM6iCsVlgmy4HqM
LnXWnOunVmSPlk9orj2XwoSPwLxAwAtcvfaHszVsrBhQf4TgTM2S0yDpM7xSma8ytSmzJSq0SPly
4cpk9+aCEI3oncKKiPo4Zor8Y/kB+Xj9e1x3+naH+uzfsQ55lVe0vSbv1gHR6xYKu44LtcXFilWr
06zqkUspzBmkMiVOKvFlRNACzqrOSbTqn3yDsEB750Orp2yjj32JgfpMpf/VjsPOS+C12LOORc92
wO1AK/1TD7Cn1TsNsYqiA94xrcx36m97PtbfkSIS5r762DL8EGMUUXLeXdYWk70paDPvOmbsB4om
3xPXV2V4J95eSRQAogB/mqghtqmxlbCluQ0WEdrHbEg8QOB+DVrNVjzRlwW5y0vtOUucxD/SVRNu
JLDWcfr0wbrM7Rv1/oFB2ACYPTrIrnqYNxgFlQIDAQABo0IwQDAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwDwYD
VR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU5K8rJnEaK0gnhS9SZizv8IkTcT4wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEM
BQADggIBADiWCu49tJYeX++dnAsznyvgyv3SjgofQXSlfKqE1OXyHuY3UjKcC9FhHb8owbZEKTV1
d5iyfNm9dKyKaOOpMQkpAWBz40d8U6iQSifvS9efk+eCNs6aaAyC58/UEBZvXw6ZXPYfcX3v73sv
fuo21pdwCxXu11xWajOl40k4DLh9+42FpLFZXvRq4d2h9mREruZRgyFmxhE+885H7pwoHyXa/6xm
ld01D1zvICxi/ZG6qcz8WpyTgYMpl0p8WnK0OdC3d8t5/Wk6kjftbjhlRn7pYL15iJdfOBL07q9b
gsiG1eGZbYwE8na6SfZu6W0eX6DvJ4J2QPim01hcDyxC2kLGe4g0x8HYRZvBPsVhHdljUEn2NIVq
4BjFbkerQUIpm/ZgDdIx02OYI5NaAIFItO/Nis3Jz5nu2Z6qNuFoS3FJFDYoOj0dzpqPJeaAcWEr
tXvM+SUWgeExX6GjfhaknBZqlxi9dnKlC54dNuYvoS++cJEPqOba+MSSQGwlfnuzCdyyF62ARPBo
pY+Udf90WuioAnwMCeKpSwughQtiue+hMZL77/ZRBIls6Kl0obsXs7X9SQ98POyDGCBDTtWTurQ0
sR8WNh8M5mQ5Fkzc4P4dyKliPUDqysU0ArSuiYgzNdwsE3PYJ/HQcu51OyLemGhmW/HGY0dVHLql
CFF1pkgl
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R2
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R3
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R4
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIICCjCCAZGgAwIBAgIQbkepyIuUtui7OyrYorLBmTAKBggqhkjOPQQDAzBHMQswCQYDVQQGEwJV
UzEiMCAGA1UEChMZR29vZ2xlIFRydXN0IFNlcnZpY2VzIExMQzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLR1RTIFJvb3Qg
UjQwHhcNMTYwNjIyMDAwMDAwWhcNMzYwNjIyMDAwMDAwWjBHMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEiMCAGA1UE
ChMZR29vZ2xlIFRydXN0IFNlcnZpY2VzIExMQzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLR1RTIFJvb3QgUjQwdjAQBgcq
hkjOPQIBBgUrgQQAIgNiAATzdHOnaItgrkO4NcWBMHtLSZ37wWHO5t5GvWvVYRg1rkDdc/eJkTBa
6zzuhXyiQHY7qca4R9gq55KRanPpsXI5nymfopjTX15YhmUPoYRlBtHci8nHc8iMai/lxKvRHYqj
QjBAMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MB0GA1UdDgQWBBSATNbrdP9JNqPV
2Py1PsVq8JQdjDAKBggqhkjOPQQDAwNnADBkAjBqUFJ0CMRw3J5QdCHojXohw0+WbhXRIjVhLfoI
N+4Zba3bssx9BzT1YBkstTTZbyACMANxsbqjYAuG7ZoIapVon+Kz4ZNkfF6Tpt95LY2F45TPI11x
zPKwTdb+mciUqXWi4w==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

UCA Global G2 Root
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

UCA Extended Validation Root
============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certigna Root CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----


================================================
FILE: example/client.cc
================================================
//
//  client.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>

#define CA_CERT_FILE "./ca-bundle.crt"

using namespace std;

int main(void) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  httplib::SSLClient cli("localhost", 8080);
  // httplib::SSLClient cli("google.com");
  // httplib::SSLClient cli("www.youtube.com");
  cli.set_ca_cert_path(CA_CERT_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
#else
  httplib::Client cli("localhost", 8080);
#endif

  if (auto res = cli.Get("/hi")) {
    cout << res->status << endl;
    cout << res->get_header_value("Content-Type") << endl;
    cout << res->body << endl;
  } else {
    cout << "error code: " << res.error() << std::endl;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
    auto result = cli.get_verify_result();
    if (result) {
      cout << "verify error: " << X509_verify_cert_error_string(result) << endl;
    }
#endif
  }

  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/client.vcxproj
================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
    <ProjectGuid>{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}</ProjectGuid>
    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
    <RootNamespace>client</RootNamespace>
    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="PropertySheets">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="PropertySheets">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;kernel32.lib;user32.lib;gdi32.lib;winspool.lib;comdlg32.lib;advapi32.lib;shell32.lib;ole32.lib;oleaut32.lib;uuid.lib;odbc32.lib;odbccp32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;kernel32.lib;user32.lib;gdi32.lib;winspool.lib;comdlg32.lib;advapi32.lib;shell32.lib;ole32.lib;oleaut32.lib;uuid.lib;odbc32.lib;odbccp32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;kernel32.lib;user32.lib;gdi32.lib;winspool.lib;comdlg32.lib;advapi32.lib;shell32.lib;ole32.lib;oleaut32.lib;uuid.lib;odbc32.lib;odbccp32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;kernel32.lib;user32.lib;gdi32.lib;winspool.lib;comdlg32.lib;advapi32.lib;shell32.lib;ole32.lib;oleaut32.lib;uuid.lib;odbc32.lib;odbccp32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClCompile Include="client.cc" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
  </ImportGroup>
</Project>

================================================
FILE: example/example.sln
================================================

Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
# Visual Studio 15
VisualStudioVersion = 15.0.27703.2047
MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "server", "server.vcxproj", "{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}"
EndProject
Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "client", "client.vcxproj", "{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}"
EndProject
Project("{2150E333-8FDC-42A3-9474-1A3956D46DE8}") = "Solution Items", "Solution Items", "{280E605F-0CB8-4336-8D9F-CE50A9472AE2}"
	ProjectSection(SolutionItems) = preProject
		..\README.md = ..\README.md
	EndProjectSection
EndProject
Global
	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
		Debug|Win32 = Debug|Win32
		Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
		Release|Win32 = Release|Win32
		Release|x64 = Release|x64
	EndGlobalSection
	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
		{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
		{6DB1FC63-B153-4279-92B7-D8A11AF285D6}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
	EndGlobalSection
	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
	EndGlobalSection
	GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
		SolutionGuid = {7097C9E4-07F8-48C6-A888-BBA9EBB5D17D}
	EndGlobalSection
EndGlobal


================================================
FILE: example/hello.cc
================================================
//
//  hello.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <httplib.h>
using namespace httplib;

int main(void) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.listen("0.0.0.0", 8080);
}


================================================
FILE: example/one_time_request.cc
================================================
#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace httplib;

const char *HOST = "localhost";
const int PORT = 1234;

void one_time_request_server(const char *label) {
  std::thread th;
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(std::string("Hello from ") + label, "text/plain");

    // Stop server
    th = std::thread([&]() { svr.stop(); });
  });

  svr.listen(HOST, PORT);
  th.join();

  std::cout << label << " ended..." << std::endl;
}

void send_request(const char *label) {
  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  std::cout << "Send " << label << " request" << std::endl;
  auto res = cli.Get("/hi");

  if (res) {
    std::cout << res->body << std::endl;
  } else {
    std::cout << "Request error: " + to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
  }
}

int main(void) {
  auto th1 = std::thread([&]() { one_time_request_server("Server #1"); });
  auto th2 = std::thread([&]() { one_time_request_server("Server #2"); });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  send_request("1st");
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  send_request("2nd");
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  send_request("3rd");
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  th1.join();
  th2.join();
}


================================================
FILE: example/redirect.cc
================================================
//
//  redirect.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <httplib.h>

#define SERVER_CERT_FILE "./cert.pem"
#define SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE "./key.pem"

using namespace httplib;

int main(void) {
  // HTTP server
  Server http;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  SSLServer https(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
#endif

  http.Get("/test", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Test\n", "text/plain");
  });

  http.set_error_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect("https://localhost:8081/");
  });

  // HTTPS server
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  https.Get("/", [=](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect("/hi");
  });

  https.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
  });

  https.Get("/stop", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response & /*res*/) {
    https.stop();
    http.stop();
  });
#endif

  // Run servers
  auto httpThread = std::thread([&]() { http.listen("localhost", 8080); });

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  auto httpsThread = std::thread([&]() { https.listen("localhost", 8081); });
#endif

  httpThread.join();

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  httpsThread.join();
#endif

  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/server.cc
================================================
//
//  sample.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <chrono>
#include <cstdio>
#include <httplib.h>

#define SERVER_CERT_FILE "./cert.pem"
#define SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE "./key.pem"

using namespace httplib;

std::string dump_headers(const Headers &headers) {
  std::string s;
  char buf[BUFSIZ];

  for (auto it = headers.begin(); it != headers.end(); ++it) {
    const auto &x = *it;
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s: %s\n", x.first.c_str(), x.second.c_str());
    s += buf;
  }

  return s;
}

std::string log(const Request &req, const Response &res) {
  std::string s;
  char buf[BUFSIZ];

  s += "================================\n";

  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s %s", req.method.c_str(),
           req.version.c_str(), req.path.c_str());
  s += buf;

  std::string query;
  for (auto it = req.params.begin(); it != req.params.end(); ++it) {
    const auto &x = *it;
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c%s=%s",
             (it == req.params.begin()) ? '?' : '&', x.first.c_str(),
             x.second.c_str());
    query += buf;
  }
  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s\n", query.c_str());
  s += buf;

  s += dump_headers(req.headers);

  s += "--------------------------------\n";

  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d %s\n", res.status, res.version.c_str());
  s += buf;
  s += dump_headers(res.headers);
  s += "\n";

  if (!res.body.empty()) { s += res.body; }

  s += "\n";

  return s;
}

int main(void) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
#else
  Server svr;
#endif

  if (!svr.is_valid()) {
    printf("server has an error...\n");
    return -1;
  }

  svr.Get("/", [=](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect("/hi");
  });

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/slow", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
    res.set_content("Slow...\n", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/dump", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(dump_headers(req.headers), "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/stop",
          [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response & /*res*/) { svr.stop(); });

  svr.set_error_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    const char *fmt = "<p>Error Status: <span style='color:red;'>%d</span></p>";
    char buf[BUFSIZ];
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, res.status);
    res.set_content(buf, "text/html");
  });

  svr.set_logger([](const Request &req, const Response &res) {
    printf("%s", log(req, res).c_str());
  });

  svr.listen("localhost", 8080);

  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/server.vcxproj
================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClCompile Include="simplesvr.cc" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
    <ProjectGuid>{864CD288-050A-4C8B-9BEF-3048BD876C5B}</ProjectGuid>
    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
    <RootNamespace>sample</RootNamespace>
    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="PropertySheets">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="PropertySheets">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <IntDir>$(Platform)\$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName)_obj\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
  </ImportGroup>
</Project>

================================================
FILE: example/server_and_client.cc
================================================
//
//  server_and_client.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace httplib;

std::string dump_headers(const Headers &headers) {
  std::string s;
  char buf[BUFSIZ];

  for (auto it = headers.begin(); it != headers.end(); ++it) {
    const auto &x = *it;
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s: %s\n", x.first.c_str(), x.second.c_str());
    s += buf;
  }

  return s;
}

void logger(const Request &req, const Response &res) {
  std::string s;
  char buf[BUFSIZ];

  s += "================================\n";

  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s %s", req.method.c_str(),
           req.version.c_str(), req.path.c_str());
  s += buf;

  std::string query;
  for (auto it = req.params.begin(); it != req.params.end(); ++it) {
    const auto &x = *it;
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c%s=%s",
             (it == req.params.begin()) ? '?' : '&', x.first.c_str(),
             x.second.c_str());
    query += buf;
  }
  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s\n", query.c_str());
  s += buf;

  s += dump_headers(req.headers);

  s += "--------------------------------\n";

  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d %s\n", res.status, res.version.c_str());
  s += buf;
  s += dump_headers(res.headers);
  s += "\n";

  if (!res.body.empty()) { s += res.body; }

  s += "\n";

  std::cout << s;
}

int main(void) {
  // Server
  Server svr;
  svr.set_logger(logger);

  svr.Post("/post", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("POST", "text/plain");
  });

  auto th = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", 8080); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    th.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Client
  Client cli{"localhost", 8080};

  std::string body = R"({"hello": "world"})";

  auto res = cli.Post("/post", body, "application/json");
  std::cout << "--------------------------------" << std::endl;
  std::cout << to_string(res.error()) << std::endl;
}


================================================
FILE: example/simplecli.cc
================================================
//
//  simplecli.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(void) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  auto scheme_host_port = "https://localhost:8080";
#else
  auto scheme_host_port = "http://localhost:8080";
#endif

  if (auto res = httplib::Client(scheme_host_port).Get("/hi")) {
    cout << res->status << endl;
    cout << res->get_header_value("Content-Type") << endl;
    cout << res->body << endl;
  } else {
    cout << res.error() << endl;
  }

  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/simplesvr.cc
================================================
//
//  simplesvr.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <cstdio>
#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>

#define SERVER_CERT_FILE "./cert.pem"
#define SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE "./key.pem"

using namespace httplib;
using namespace std;

string dump_headers(const Headers &headers) {
  string s;
  char buf[BUFSIZ];

  for (const auto &x : headers) {
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s: %s\n", x.first.c_str(), x.second.c_str());
    s += buf;
  }

  return s;
}

string dump_multipart_formdata(const MultipartFormData &form) {
  string s;
  char buf[BUFSIZ];

  s += "--------------------------------\n";

  for (const auto &x : form.fields) {
    const auto &name = x.first;
    const auto &field = x.second;

    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "name: %s\n", name.c_str());
    s += buf;

    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "text length: %zu\n", field.content.size());
    s += buf;

    s += "----------------\n";
  }

  for (const auto &x : form.files) {
    const auto &name = x.first;
    const auto &file = x.second;

    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "name: %s\n", name.c_str());
    s += buf;

    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "filename: %s\n", file.filename.c_str());
    s += buf;

    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "content type: %s\n", file.content_type.c_str());
    s += buf;

    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "text length: %zu\n", file.content.size());
    s += buf;

    s += "----------------\n";
  }

  return s;
}

string log(const Request &req, const Response &res) {
  string s;
  char buf[BUFSIZ];

  s += "================================\n";

  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s %s", req.method.c_str(),
           req.version.c_str(), req.path.c_str());
  s += buf;

  string query;
  for (auto it = req.params.begin(); it != req.params.end(); ++it) {
    const auto &x = *it;
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c%s=%s",
             (it == req.params.begin()) ? '?' : '&', x.first.c_str(),
             x.second.c_str());
    query += buf;
  }
  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s\n", query.c_str());
  s += buf;

  s += dump_headers(req.headers);
  s += dump_multipart_formdata(req.form);

  s += "--------------------------------\n";

  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d\n", res.status);
  s += buf;
  s += dump_headers(res.headers);

  return s;
}

int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
  if (argc > 1 && string("--help") == argv[1]) {
    cout << "usage: simplesvr [PORT] [DIR]" << endl;
    return 1;
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
#else
  Server svr;
#endif

  svr.Post("/multipart", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    auto body = dump_headers(req.headers) + dump_multipart_formdata(req.form);

    res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
  });

  svr.set_error_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    const char *fmt = "<p>Error Status: <span style='color:red;'>%d</span></p>";
    char buf[BUFSIZ];
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, res.status);
    res.set_content(buf, "text/html");
  });

  svr.set_logger(
      [](const Request &req, const Response &res) { cout << log(req, res); });

  auto port = 8080;
  if (argc > 1) { port = atoi(argv[1]); }

  auto base_dir = "./";
  if (argc > 2) { base_dir = argv[2]; }

  if (!svr.set_mount_point("/", base_dir)) {
    cout << "The specified base directory doesn't exist...";
    return 1;
  }

  cout << "The server started at port " << port << "..." << endl;

  svr.listen("localhost", port);

  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/ssecli-stream.cc
================================================
//
//  ssecli-stream.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//
//  SSE (Server-Sent Events) client example using Streaming API
//  with automatic reconnection support (similar to JavaScript's EventSource)
//

#include <httplib.h>

#include <chrono>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <thread>

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// SSE Event Parser
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Parses SSE events from the stream according to the SSE specification.
// SSE format:
//   event: <event-type>     (optional, defaults to "message")
//   data: <payload>         (can have multiple lines)
//   id: <event-id>          (optional, used for reconnection)
//   retry: <milliseconds>   (optional, reconnection interval)
//   <blank line>            (signals end of event)
//
struct SSEEvent {
  std::string event = "message"; // Event type (default: "message")
  std::string data;              // Event payload
  std::string id;                // Event ID for Last-Event-ID header

  void clear() {
    event = "message";
    data.clear();
    id.clear();
  }
};

// Parse a single SSE field line (e.g., "data: hello")
// Returns true if this line ends an event (blank line)
bool parse_sse_line(const std::string &line, SSEEvent &event, int &retry_ms) {
  // Blank line signals end of event
  if (line.empty() || line == "\r") { return true; }

  // Find the colon separator
  auto colon_pos = line.find(':');
  if (colon_pos == std::string::npos) {
    // Line with no colon is treated as field name with empty value
    return false;
  }

  std::string field = line.substr(0, colon_pos);
  std::string value;

  // Value starts after colon, skip optional single space
  if (colon_pos + 1 < line.size()) {
    size_t value_start = colon_pos + 1;
    if (line[value_start] == ' ') { value_start++; }
    value = line.substr(value_start);
    // Remove trailing \r if present
    if (!value.empty() && value.back() == '\r') { value.pop_back(); }
  }

  // Handle known fields
  if (field == "event") {
    event.event = value;
  } else if (field == "data") {
    // Multiple data lines are concatenated with newlines
    if (!event.data.empty()) { event.data += "\n"; }
    event.data += value;
  } else if (field == "id") {
    // Empty id is valid (clears the last event ID)
    event.id = value;
  } else if (field == "retry") {
    // Parse retry interval in milliseconds
    try {
      retry_ms = std::stoi(value);
    } catch (...) {
      // Invalid retry value, ignore
    }
  }
  // Unknown fields are ignored per SSE spec

  return false;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main - SSE Client with Auto-Reconnection
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(void) {
  // Configuration
  const std::string host = "http://localhost:1234";
  const std::string path = "/event1";

  httplib::Client cli(host);

  // State for reconnection (persists across connections)
  std::string last_event_id; // Sent as Last-Event-ID header on reconnect
  int retry_ms = 3000; // Reconnection delay (server can override via retry:)
  int connection_count = 0;

  std::cout << "SSE Client starting...\n";
  std::cout << "Target: " << host << path << "\n";
  std::cout << "Press Ctrl+C to exit\n\n";

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Main reconnection loop
  // This mimics JavaScript's EventSource behavior:
  // - Automatically reconnects on connection failure
  // - Sends Last-Event-ID header to resume from last received event
  // - Respects server's retry interval
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  while (true) {
    connection_count++;
    std::cout << "[Connection #" << connection_count << "] Connecting...\n";

    // Build headers, including Last-Event-ID if we have one
    httplib::Headers headers;
    if (!last_event_id.empty()) {
      headers.emplace("Last-Event-ID", last_event_id);
      std::cout << "[Connection #" << connection_count
                << "] Resuming from event ID: " << last_event_id << "\n";
    }

    // Open streaming connection
    auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, path, headers);

    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Connection error handling
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    if (!result) {
      std::cerr << "[Connection #" << connection_count
                << "] Failed: " << httplib::to_string(result.error()) << "\n";
      std::cerr << "Reconnecting in " << retry_ms << "ms...\n\n";
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(retry_ms));
      continue;
    }

    if (result.status() != 200) {
      std::cerr << "[Connection #" << connection_count
                << "] HTTP error: " << result.status() << "\n";

      // For certain errors, don't reconnect
      if (result.status() == 204 || // No Content - server wants us to stop
          result.status() == 404 || // Not Found
          result.status() == 401 || // Unauthorized
          result.status() == 403) { // Forbidden
        std::cerr << "Permanent error, not reconnecting.\n";
        return 1;
      }

      std::cerr << "Reconnecting in " << retry_ms << "ms...\n\n";
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(retry_ms));
      continue;
    }

    // Verify Content-Type (optional but recommended)
    auto content_type = result.get_header_value("Content-Type");
    if (content_type.find("text/event-stream") == std::string::npos) {
      std::cerr << "[Warning] Content-Type is not text/event-stream: "
                << content_type << "\n";
    }

    std::cout << "[Connection #" << connection_count << "] Connected!\n\n";

    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Event receiving loop
    // Reads chunks from the stream and parses SSE events
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    std::string buffer;
    SSEEvent current_event;
    int event_count = 0;

    // Read data from stream using httplib::stream API
    while (result.next()) {
      buffer.append(result.data(), result.size());

      // Process complete lines in the buffer
      size_t line_start = 0;
      size_t newline_pos;

      while ((newline_pos = buffer.find('\n', line_start)) !=
             std::string::npos) {
        std::string line = buffer.substr(line_start, newline_pos - line_start);
        line_start = newline_pos + 1;

        // Parse the line and check if event is complete
        bool event_complete = parse_sse_line(line, current_event, retry_ms);

        if (event_complete && !current_event.data.empty()) {
          // Event received - process it
          event_count++;

          std::cout << "--- Event #" << event_count << " ---\n";
          std::cout << "Type: " << current_event.event << "\n";
          std::cout << "Data: " << current_event.data << "\n";
          if (!current_event.id.empty()) {
            std::cout << "ID:   " << current_event.id << "\n";
          }
          std::cout << "\n";

          // Update last_event_id for reconnection
          // Note: Empty id clears the last event ID per SSE spec
          if (!current_event.id.empty()) { last_event_id = current_event.id; }

          current_event.clear();
        }
      }

      // Keep unprocessed data in buffer
      buffer.erase(0, line_start);
    }

    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Connection ended - check why
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    if (result.read_error() != httplib::Error::Success) {
      std::cerr << "\n[Connection #" << connection_count
                << "] Error: " << httplib::to_string(result.read_error())
                << "\n";
    } else {
      std::cout << "\n[Connection #" << connection_count
                << "] Stream ended normally\n";
    }

    std::cout << "Received " << event_count << " events in this connection\n";
    std::cout << "Reconnecting in " << retry_ms << "ms...\n\n";
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(retry_ms));
  }

  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/ssecli.cc
================================================
//
//  ssecli.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <httplib.h>

#include <csignal>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// Global SSEClient pointer for signal handling
httplib::sse::SSEClient *g_sse = nullptr;

void signal_handler(int) {
  if (g_sse) { g_sse->stop(); }
}

int main(void) {
  // Configuration
  const string host = "http://localhost:1234";
  const string path = "/event1";

  cout << "SSE Client using httplib::sse::SSEClient\n";
  cout << "Connecting to: " << host << path << "\n";
  cout << "Press Ctrl+C to exit\n\n";

  httplib::Client cli(host);
  httplib::sse::SSEClient sse(cli, path);

  // Set up signal handler for graceful shutdown
  g_sse = &sse;
  signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);

  // Event handlers
  sse.on_open([]() { cout << "[Connected]\n\n"; });

  sse.on_message([](const httplib::sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    cout << "Event: " << msg.event << "\n";
    cout << "Data:  " << msg.data << "\n";
    if (!msg.id.empty()) { cout << "ID:    " << msg.id << "\n"; }
    cout << "\n";
  });

  sse.on_error([](httplib::Error err) {
    cerr << "[Error] " << httplib::to_string(err) << "\n";
  });

  // Start with auto-reconnect (blocking)
  sse.start();

  cout << "\n[Disconnected]\n";
  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: example/ssesvr.cc
================================================
#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <sstream>
#include <thread>

using namespace httplib;
using namespace std;

class EventDispatcher {
public:
  EventDispatcher() {}

  bool wait_event(DataSink *sink) {
    unique_lock<mutex> lk(m_);
    int id = id_;

    // Wait with timeout to prevent hanging if client disconnects
    if (!cv_.wait_for(lk, std::chrono::seconds(5),
                      [&] { return cid_ == id; })) {
      return false; // Timeout occurred
    }

    sink->write(message_.data(), message_.size());
    return true;
  }

  void send_event(const string &message) {
    lock_guard<mutex> lk(m_);
    cid_ = id_++;
    message_ = message;
    cv_.notify_all();
  }

private:
  mutex m_;
  condition_variable cv_;
  atomic_int id_{0};
  atomic_int cid_{-1};
  string message_;
};

const auto html = R"(
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>SSE demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
const ev1 = new EventSource("event1");
ev1.onmessage = function(e) {
  console.log('ev1', e.data);
}
const ev2 = new EventSource("event2");
ev2.onmessage = function(e) {
  console.log('ev2', e.data);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
)";

int main(void) {
  EventDispatcher ed;

  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(html, "text/html");
  });

  svr.Get("/event1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    cout << "connected to event1..." << endl;
    res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/event-stream",
                                     [&](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                                       return ed.wait_event(&sink);
                                     });
  });

  svr.Get("/event2", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    cout << "connected to event2..." << endl;
    res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/event-stream",
                                     [&](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                                       return ed.wait_event(&sink);
                                     });
  });

  thread t([&] {
    int id = 0;
    while (true) {
      this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds(1));
      cout << "send event: " << id << std::endl;
      std::stringstream ss;
      ss << "data: " << id << "\n\n";
      ed.send_event(ss.str());
      id++;
    }
  });

  svr.listen("localhost", 1234);
}


================================================
FILE: example/upload.cc
================================================
//
//  upload.cc
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#include <fstream>
#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace httplib;
using namespace std;

const char *html = R"(
<form id="formElem">
  <input type="file" name="image_file" accept="image/*">
  <input type="file" name="text_file" accept="text/*">
  <input type="submit">
</form>
<script>
  formElem.onsubmit = async (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    let res = await fetch('/post', {
      method: 'POST',
      body: new FormData(formElem)
    });
    console.log(await res.text());
  };
</script>
)";

int main(void) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(html, "text/html");
  });

  svr.Post("/post", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    const auto &image_file = req.form.get_file("image_file");
    const auto &text_file = req.form.get_file("text_file");

    cout << "image file length: " << image_file.content.length() << endl
         << "image file name: " << image_file.filename << endl
         << "text file length: " << text_file.content.length() << endl
         << "text file name: " << text_file.filename << endl;

    {
      ofstream ofs(image_file.filename, ios::binary);
      ofs << image_file.content;
    }
    {
      ofstream ofs(text_file.filename);
      ofs << text_file.content;
    }

    res.set_content("done", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.listen("localhost", 1234);
}


================================================
FILE: example/uploader.sh
================================================
#/usr/bin/env bash
for i in {1..1000000}
do
  echo "#### $i ####"
  curl -X POST -F image_file=@$1 http://localhost:1234/post > /dev/null
done


================================================
FILE: example/wsecho.cc
================================================
#include <httplib.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace httplib;

const auto html = R"HTML(
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>WebSocket Demo</title>
<style>
  body { font-family: monospace; margin: 2em; }
  #log { height: 300px; overflow-y: scroll; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 8px; }
  .controls { margin: 8px 0; }
  button { margin-right: 4px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>WebSocket Demo</h1>
<p>Server accepts subprotocols: <b>echo</b>, <b>chat</b> (or none)</p>

<div class="controls">
  <label>Subprotocols: </label>
  <input id="protos" type="text" value="echo, chat" placeholder="leave empty for none" />
  <button onclick="doConnect()">Connect</button>
  <button onclick="doDisconnect()">Disconnect</button>
</div>

<div class="controls">
  <input id="msg" type="text" placeholder="Type a message..." />
  <button onclick="doSend()">Send</button>
</div>

<div class="controls">
  <button onclick="startAuto()">Start Auto (1s)</button>
  <button onclick="stopAuto()">Stop Auto</button>
  <span id="auto-status"></span>
</div>

<pre id="log"></pre>

<script>
var sock = null;
var logEl = document.getElementById("log");
var statusEl = document.getElementById("auto-status");
var timer = null;
var seq = 0;

function appendLog(text) {
  logEl.textContent += text + "\n";
  logEl.scrollTop = logEl.scrollHeight;
}

function doConnect() {
  if (sock && sock.readyState <= 1) { sock.close(); }
  var input = document.getElementById("protos").value.trim();
  var protocols = input ? input.split(/\s*,\s*/).filter(Boolean) : [];
  sock = new WebSocket("ws://" + location.host + "/ws", protocols);
  appendLog("[connecting] proposed: " + (protocols.length ? protocols.join(", ") : "(none)"));
  sock.onopen = function() { appendLog("[connected] subprotocol: " + (sock.protocol || "(none)")); };
  sock.onclose = function() { appendLog("[disconnected]"); stopAuto(); };
  sock.onmessage = function(e) { appendLog("< " + e.data); };
}

function doDisconnect() {
  if (sock) { sock.close(); }
}

function doSend() {
  var input = document.getElementById("msg");
  if (!sock || sock.readyState !== 1 || input.value === "") return;
  sock.send(input.value);
  appendLog("> " + input.value);
  input.value = "";
}

function startAuto() {
  if (timer || !sock || sock.readyState !== 1) return;
  seq = 0;
  statusEl.textContent = "running...";
  timer = setInterval(function() {
    if (!sock || sock.readyState !== 1) { stopAuto(); return; }
    var msg = "auto #" + seq++;
    sock.send(msg);
    appendLog("> " + msg);
  }, 1000);
}

function stopAuto() {
  if (timer) { clearInterval(timer); timer = null; }
  statusEl.textContent = "";
}

document.getElementById("msg").addEventListener("keydown", function(e) {
  if (e.key === "Enter") doSend();
});

doConnect();
</script>
</body>
</html>
)HTML";

int main(void) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(html, "text/html");
  });

  svr.WebSocket(
      "/ws",
      [](const Request &req, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
        std::cout << "WebSocket connected from " << req.remote_addr
                  << std::endl;

        std::string msg;
        while (ws.read(msg)) {
          std::cout << "Received: " << msg << std::endl;
          ws.send("echo: " + msg);
        }

        std::cout << "WebSocket disconnected" << std::endl;
      },
      [](const std::vector<std::string> &protocols) -> std::string {
        for (const auto &p : protocols) {
          if (p == "echo" || p == "chat") { return p; }
        }
        return "";
      });

  std::cout << "Listening on http://localhost:8080" << std::endl;
  svr.listen("localhost", 8080);
}


================================================
FILE: generate_module.py
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env python3

"""This script generates httplib.cppm module file from httplib.h."""

import os
import sys
from argparse import ArgumentParser, Namespace
from typing import List

def main() -> None:
    """Main entry point for the script."""

    args_parser: ArgumentParser = ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
    args_parser.add_argument(
        "-o", "--out", help="where to write the files (default: out)", default="out"
    )
    args: Namespace = args_parser.parse_args()

    cur_dir: str = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
    if not cur_dir:
        cur_dir = '.'
    lib_name: str = "httplib"
    header_name: str = f"/{lib_name}.h"
    # get the input file
    in_file: str = f"{cur_dir}{header_name}"
    # get the output file
    cppm_out: str = f"{args.out}/{lib_name}.cppm"

    # if the modification time of the out file is after the in file,
    # don't generate (as it is already finished)
    do_generate: bool = True

    if os.path.exists(cppm_out):
        in_time: float = os.path.getmtime(in_file)
        out_time: float = os.path.getmtime(cppm_out)
        do_generate: bool = in_time > out_time

    if do_generate:
        with open(in_file) as f:
            lines: List[str] = f.readlines()

        os.makedirs(args.out, exist_ok=True)

        # Find the Headers and Declaration comment markers
        headers_start: int = -1
        declaration_start: int = -1
        for i, line in enumerate(lines):
            if ' * Headers' in line:
                headers_start = i - 1  # Include the /* line
            elif ' * Declaration' in line:
                declaration_start = i - 1  # Stop before the /* line
                break

        with open(cppm_out, 'w') as fm:
            # Write module file
            fm.write("module;\n\n")
            
            # Write global module fragment (from Headers to Declaration comment)
            # Filter out 'using' declarations to avoid conflicts
            if headers_start >= 0 and declaration_start >= 0:
                for i in range(headers_start, declaration_start):
                    line: str = lines[i]
                    if 'using' not in line:
                        fm.write(line)
            
            fm.write("\nexport module httplib;\n\n")
            fm.write("export extern \"C++\" {\n")
            fm.write(f"{' ' * 4}#include \"httplib.h\"\n")
            fm.write("}\n")

        print(f"Wrote {cppm_out}")
    else:
        print(f"{cppm_out} is up to date")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()


================================================
FILE: httplib.h
================================================
//
//  httplib.h
//
//  Copyright (c) 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
//  MIT License
//

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H
#define CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H

#define CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION "0.38.0"
#define CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION_NUM "0x002600"

#ifdef _WIN32
#if defined(_WIN32_WINNT) && _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0A00
#error                                                                         \
    "cpp-httplib doesn't support Windows 8 or lower. Please use Windows 10 or later."
#endif
#endif

/*
 * Configuration
 */

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_USECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_USECOND 10000
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT 100
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SECOND 300
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_USECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 300
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_MAX_TIMEOUT_MSECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_MAX_TIMEOUT_MSECOND 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD
#define CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD 1024
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND 1000
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD (1024 * 1024)
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MSECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MSECOND 50
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_SECOND 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND
#ifdef _WIN32
#define CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND 1000
#else
#define CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND 0
#endif
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH
#define CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH 8192
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH
#define CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH 8192
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT 100
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_REDIRECT_MAX_COUNT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_REDIRECT_MAX_COUNT 20
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_FILE_MAX_COUNT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_FILE_MAX_COUNT 1024
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH
#define CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH (100 * 1024 * 1024) // 100MB
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_FORM_URL_ENCODED_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH
#define CPPHTTPLIB_FORM_URL_ENCODED_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH 8192
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_RANGE_MAX_COUNT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_RANGE_MAX_COUNT 1024
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY
#define CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY false
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY
#define CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY false
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ
#define CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ size_t(16384u)
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_BUFSIZ
#define CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_BUFSIZ size_t(16384u)
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ
#define CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ size_t(16384u)
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT                                           \
  ((std::max)(8u, std::thread::hardware_concurrency() > 0                      \
                      ? std::thread::hardware_concurrency() - 1                \
                      : 0))
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT (CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT * 4)
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT
#define CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT 3 // seconds
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS
#define CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_FLAGS
#define CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_FLAGS 0
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_LISTEN_BACKLOG
#define CPPHTTPLIB_LISTEN_BACKLOG 5
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_MAX_LINE_LENGTH
#define CPPHTTPLIB_MAX_LINE_LENGTH 32768
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH 16777216
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 300
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_SECOND 5
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND 30
#endif

/*
 * Headers
 */

#ifdef _WIN32
#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#endif //_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#ifndef _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
#define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
#endif //_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#if _MSC_VER < 1900
#error Sorry, Visual Studio versions prior to 2015 are not supported
#endif

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

#ifndef _SSIZE_T_DEFINED
using ssize_t = __int64;
#define _SSIZE_T_DEFINED
#endif
#endif // _MSC_VER

#ifndef S_ISREG
#define S_ISREG(m) (((m) & S_IFREG) == S_IFREG)
#endif // S_ISREG

#ifndef S_ISDIR
#define S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFDIR) == S_IFDIR)
#endif // S_ISDIR

#ifndef NOMINMAX
#define NOMINMAX
#endif // NOMINMAX

#include <io.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>

#if defined(__has_include)
#if __has_include(<afunix.h>)
// afunix.h uses types declared in winsock2.h, so has to be included after it.
#include <afunix.h>
#define CPPHTTPLIB_HAVE_AFUNIX_H 1
#endif
#endif

#ifndef WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT
#define WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT 0x80
#endif

using nfds_t = unsigned long;
using socket_t = SOCKET;
using socklen_t = int;

#else // not _WIN32

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#if !defined(_AIX) && !defined(__MVS__)
#include <ifaddrs.h>
#endif
#ifdef __MVS__
#include <strings.h>
#ifndef NI_MAXHOST
#define NI_MAXHOST 1025
#endif
#endif
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#ifdef __linux__
#include <resolv.h>
#undef _res // Undefine _res macro to avoid conflicts with user code (#2278)
#endif
#include <csignal>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <unistd.h>

using socket_t = int;
#ifndef INVALID_SOCKET
#define INVALID_SOCKET (-1)
#endif
#endif //_WIN32

#if defined(__APPLE__)
#include <TargetConditionals.h>
#endif

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <atomic>
#include <cassert>
#include <cctype>
#include <chrono>
#include <climits>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <errno.h>
#include <exception>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <functional>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <random>
#include <regex>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <system_error>
#include <thread>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <utility>
#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
#include <any>
#endif

// On macOS with a TLS backend, enable Keychain root certificates by default
// unless the user explicitly opts out.
#if defined(__APPLE__) &&                                                      \
    !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES) &&         \
    (defined(CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT) ||                                    \
     defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT) ||                                    \
     defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT))
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
#define CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
#endif
#endif

// On Windows, enable Schannel certificate verification by default
// unless the user explicitly opts out.
#if defined(_WIN32) &&                                                         \
    !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE)
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
#endif

#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO) ||                        \
    defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN)
#if TARGET_OS_MAC
#include <CFNetwork/CFHost.h>
#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
#endif
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <wincrypt.h>

// these are defined in wincrypt.h and it breaks compilation if BoringSSL is
// used
#undef X509_NAME
#undef X509_CERT_PAIR
#undef X509_EXTENSIONS
#undef PKCS7_SIGNER_INFO

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma comment(lib, "crypt32.lib")
#endif
#endif // _WIN32

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
#if TARGET_OS_MAC
#include <Security/Security.h>
#endif
#endif

#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/x509v3.h>

#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(OPENSSL_USE_APPLINK)
#include <openssl/applink.c>
#endif

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>

#if defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL) || defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x1010107f
#error Please use OpenSSL or a current version of BoringSSL
#endif
#define SSL_get1_peer_certificate SSL_get_peer_certificate
#elif OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x30000000L
#error Sorry, OpenSSL versions prior to 3.0.0 are not supported
#endif

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
#include <mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h>
#include <mbedtls/entropy.h>
#include <mbedtls/error.h>
#include <mbedtls/md5.h>
#include <mbedtls/net_sockets.h>
#include <mbedtls/oid.h>
#include <mbedtls/pk.h>
#include <mbedtls/sha1.h>
#include <mbedtls/sha256.h>
#include <mbedtls/sha512.h>
#include <mbedtls/ssl.h>
#include <mbedtls/x509_crt.h>
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <wincrypt.h>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma comment(lib, "crypt32.lib")
#endif
#endif // _WIN32
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
#if TARGET_OS_MAC
#include <Security/Security.h>
#endif
#endif

// Mbed TLS 3.x API compatibility
#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
#define CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
#endif

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
#include <wolfssl/options.h>

#include <wolfssl/openssl/x509v3.h>

// Fallback definitions for older wolfSSL versions (e.g., 5.6.6)
#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_EMAIL
#define WOLFSSL_GEN_EMAIL 1
#endif
#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS
#define WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS 2
#endif
#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_URI
#define WOLFSSL_GEN_URI 6
#endif
#ifndef WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD
#define WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD 7
#endif

#include <wolfssl/ssl.h>
#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/hash.h>
#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/md5.h>
#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/sha256.h>
#include <wolfssl/wolfcrypt/sha512.h>
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <wincrypt.h>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma comment(lib, "crypt32.lib")
#endif
#endif // _WIN32
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
#if TARGET_OS_MAC
#include <Security/Security.h>
#endif
#endif
#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT

// Define CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED if any SSL backend is available
#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT) ||                                     \
    defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT) || defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT)
#define CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
#include <zlib.h>
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
#include <brotli/decode.h>
#include <brotli/encode.h>
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
#include <zstd.h>
#endif

/*
 * Declaration
 */
namespace httplib {

namespace ws {
class WebSocket;
} // namespace ws

namespace detail {

/*
 * Backport std::make_unique from C++14.
 *
 * NOTE: This code came up with the following stackoverflow post:
 * https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10149840/c-arrays-and-make-unique
 *
 */

template <class T, class... Args>
typename std::enable_if<!std::is_array<T>::value, std::unique_ptr<T>>::type
make_unique(Args &&...args) {
  return std::unique_ptr<T>(new T(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
}

template <class T>
typename std::enable_if<std::is_array<T>::value, std::unique_ptr<T>>::type
make_unique(std::size_t n) {
  typedef typename std::remove_extent<T>::type RT;
  return std::unique_ptr<T>(new RT[n]);
}

namespace case_ignore {

inline unsigned char to_lower(int c) {
  const static unsigned char table[256] = {
      0,   1,   2,   3,   4,   5,   6,   7,   8,   9,   10,  11,  12,  13,  14,
      15,  16,  17,  18,  19,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29,
      30,  31,  32,  33,  34,  35,  36,  37,  38,  39,  40,  41,  42,  43,  44,
      45,  46,  47,  48,  49,  50,  51,  52,  53,  54,  55,  56,  57,  58,  59,
      60,  61,  62,  63,  64,  97,  98,  99,  100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106,
      107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121,
      122, 91,  92,  93,  94,  95,  96,  97,  98,  99,  100, 101, 102, 103, 104,
      105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119,
      120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134,
      135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149,
      150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164,
      165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179,
      180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 224, 225, 226,
      227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241,
      242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 215, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 223, 224,
      225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239,
      240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254,
      255,
  };
  return table[(unsigned char)(char)c];
}

inline std::string to_lower(const std::string &s) {
  std::string result = s;
  std::transform(
      result.begin(), result.end(), result.begin(),
      [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(to_lower(c)); });
  return result;
}

inline bool equal(const std::string &a, const std::string &b) {
  return a.size() == b.size() &&
         std::equal(a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), [](char ca, char cb) {
           return to_lower(ca) == to_lower(cb);
         });
}

struct equal_to {
  bool operator()(const std::string &a, const std::string &b) const {
    return equal(a, b);
  }
};

struct hash {
  size_t operator()(const std::string &key) const {
    return hash_core(key.data(), key.size(), 0);
  }

  size_t hash_core(const char *s, size_t l, size_t h) const {
    return (l == 0) ? h
                    : hash_core(s + 1, l - 1,
                                // Unsets the 6 high bits of h, therefore no
                                // overflow happens
                                (((std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)() >> 6) &
                                 h * 33) ^
                                    static_cast<unsigned char>(to_lower(*s)));
  }
};

template <typename T>
using unordered_set = std::unordered_set<T, detail::case_ignore::hash,
                                         detail::case_ignore::equal_to>;

} // namespace case_ignore

// This is based on
// "http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4189".

struct scope_exit {
  explicit scope_exit(std::function<void(void)> &&f)
      : exit_function(std::move(f)), execute_on_destruction{true} {}

  scope_exit(scope_exit &&rhs) noexcept
      : exit_function(std::move(rhs.exit_function)),
        execute_on_destruction{rhs.execute_on_destruction} {
    rhs.release();
  }

  ~scope_exit() {
    if (execute_on_destruction) { this->exit_function(); }
  }

  void release() { this->execute_on_destruction = false; }

private:
  scope_exit(const scope_exit &) = delete;
  void operator=(const scope_exit &) = delete;
  scope_exit &operator=(scope_exit &&) = delete;

  std::function<void(void)> exit_function;
  bool execute_on_destruction;
};

// Simple from_chars implementation for integer and double types (C++17
// substitute)
template <typename T> struct from_chars_result {
  const char *ptr;
  std::errc ec;
};

template <typename T>
inline from_chars_result<T> from_chars(const char *first, const char *last,
                                       T &value, int base = 10) {
  value = 0;
  const char *p = first;
  bool negative = false;

  if (p != last && *p == '-') {
    negative = true;
    ++p;
  }
  if (p == last) { return {first, std::errc::invalid_argument}; }

  T result = 0;
  for (; p != last; ++p) {
    char c = *p;
    int digit = -1;
    if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
      digit = c - '0';
    } else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') {
      digit = c - 'a' + 10;
    } else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') {
      digit = c - 'A' + 10;
    } else {
      break;
    }

    if (digit < 0 || digit >= base) { break; }
    if (result > ((std::numeric_limits<T>::max)() - digit) / base) {
      return {p, std::errc::result_out_of_range};
    }
    result = result * base + digit;
  }

  if (p == first || (negative && p == first + 1)) {
    return {first, std::errc::invalid_argument};
  }

  value = negative ? -result : result;
  return {p, std::errc{}};
}

// from_chars for double (simple wrapper for strtod)
inline from_chars_result<double> from_chars(const char *first, const char *last,
                                            double &value) {
  std::string s(first, last);
  char *endptr = nullptr;
  errno = 0;
  value = std::strtod(s.c_str(), &endptr);
  if (endptr == s.c_str()) { return {first, std::errc::invalid_argument}; }
  if (errno == ERANGE) {
    return {first + (endptr - s.c_str()), std::errc::result_out_of_range};
  }
  return {first + (endptr - s.c_str()), std::errc{}};
}

inline bool parse_port(const char *s, size_t len, int &port) {
  int val = 0;
  auto r = from_chars(s, s + len, val);
  if (r.ec != std::errc{} || val < 1 || val > 65535) { return false; }
  port = val;
  return true;
}

inline bool parse_port(const std::string &s, int &port) {
  return parse_port(s.data(), s.size(), port);
}

} // namespace detail

enum SSLVerifierResponse {
  // no decision has been made, use the built-in certificate verifier
  NoDecisionMade,
  // connection certificate is verified and accepted
  CertificateAccepted,
  // connection certificate was processed but is rejected
  CertificateRejected
};

enum StatusCode {
  // Information responses
  Continue_100 = 100,
  SwitchingProtocol_101 = 101,
  Processing_102 = 102,
  EarlyHints_103 = 103,

  // Successful responses
  OK_200 = 200,
  Created_201 = 201,
  Accepted_202 = 202,
  NonAuthoritativeInformation_203 = 203,
  NoContent_204 = 204,
  ResetContent_205 = 205,
  PartialContent_206 = 206,
  MultiStatus_207 = 207,
  AlreadyReported_208 = 208,
  IMUsed_226 = 226,

  // Redirection messages
  MultipleChoices_300 = 300,
  MovedPermanently_301 = 301,
  Found_302 = 302,
  SeeOther_303 = 303,
  NotModified_304 = 304,
  UseProxy_305 = 305,
  unused_306 = 306,
  TemporaryRedirect_307 = 307,
  PermanentRedirect_308 = 308,

  // Client error responses
  BadRequest_400 = 400,
  Unauthorized_401 = 401,
  PaymentRequired_402 = 402,
  Forbidden_403 = 403,
  NotFound_404 = 404,
  MethodNotAllowed_405 = 405,
  NotAcceptable_406 = 406,
  ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407 = 407,
  RequestTimeout_408 = 408,
  Conflict_409 = 409,
  Gone_410 = 410,
  LengthRequired_411 = 411,
  PreconditionFailed_412 = 412,
  PayloadTooLarge_413 = 413,
  UriTooLong_414 = 414,
  UnsupportedMediaType_415 = 415,
  RangeNotSatisfiable_416 = 416,
  ExpectationFailed_417 = 417,
  ImATeapot_418 = 418,
  MisdirectedRequest_421 = 421,
  UnprocessableContent_422 = 422,
  Locked_423 = 423,
  FailedDependency_424 = 424,
  TooEarly_425 = 425,
  UpgradeRequired_426 = 426,
  PreconditionRequired_428 = 428,
  TooManyRequests_429 = 429,
  RequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge_431 = 431,
  UnavailableForLegalReasons_451 = 451,

  // Server error responses
  InternalServerError_500 = 500,
  NotImplemented_501 = 501,
  BadGateway_502 = 502,
  ServiceUnavailable_503 = 503,
  GatewayTimeout_504 = 504,
  HttpVersionNotSupported_505 = 505,
  VariantAlsoNegotiates_506 = 506,
  InsufficientStorage_507 = 507,
  LoopDetected_508 = 508,
  NotExtended_510 = 510,
  NetworkAuthenticationRequired_511 = 511,
};

using Headers =
    std::unordered_multimap<std::string, std::string, detail::case_ignore::hash,
                            detail::case_ignore::equal_to>;

using Params = std::multimap<std::string, std::string>;
using Match = std::smatch;

using DownloadProgress = std::function<bool(size_t current, size_t total)>;
using UploadProgress = std::function<bool(size_t current, size_t total)>;

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// httplib::any — type-erased value container (C++11 compatible)
// On C++17+ builds, thin wrappers around std::any are provided.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#if __cplusplus >= 201703L

using any = std::any;
using bad_any_cast = std::bad_any_cast;

template <typename T> T any_cast(const any &a) { return std::any_cast<T>(a); }
template <typename T> T any_cast(any &a) { return std::any_cast<T>(a); }
template <typename T> T any_cast(any &&a) {
  return std::any_cast<T>(std::move(a));
}
template <typename T> const T *any_cast(const any *a) noexcept {
  return std::any_cast<T>(a);
}
template <typename T> T *any_cast(any *a) noexcept {
  return std::any_cast<T>(a);
}

#else // C++11/14 implementation

class bad_any_cast : public std::bad_cast {
public:
  const char *what() const noexcept override { return "bad any_cast"; }
};

namespace detail {

using any_type_id = const void *;

// Returns a unique per-type ID without RTTI.
// The static address is stable across TUs because function templates are
// implicitly inline and the ODR merges their statics into one.
template <typename T> any_type_id any_typeid() noexcept {
  static const char id = 0;
  return &id;
}

struct any_storage {
  virtual ~any_storage() = default;
  virtual std::unique_ptr<any_storage> clone() const = 0;
  virtual any_type_id type_id() const noexcept = 0;
};

template <typename T> struct any_value final : any_storage {
  T value;
  template <typename U> explicit any_value(U &&v) : value(std::forward<U>(v)) {}
  std::unique_ptr<any_storage> clone() const override {
    return std::unique_ptr<any_storage>(new any_value<T>(value));
  }
  any_type_id type_id() const noexcept override { return any_typeid<T>(); }
};

} // namespace detail

class any {
  std::unique_ptr<detail::any_storage> storage_;

public:
  any() noexcept = default;
  any(const any &o) : storage_(o.storage_ ? o.storage_->clone() : nullptr) {}
  any(any &&) noexcept = default;
  any &operator=(const any &o) {
    storage_ = o.storage_ ? o.storage_->clone() : nullptr;
    return *this;
  }
  any &operator=(any &&) noexcept = default;

  template <
      typename T, typename D = typename std::decay<T>::type,
      typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<D, any>::value, int>::type = 0>
  any(T &&v) : storage_(new detail::any_value<D>(std::forward<T>(v))) {}

  template <
      typename T, typename D = typename std::decay<T>::type,
      typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<D, any>::value, int>::type = 0>
  any &operator=(T &&v) {
    storage_.reset(new detail::any_value<D>(std::forward<T>(v)));
    return *this;
  }

  bool has_value() const noexcept { return storage_ != nullptr; }
  void reset() noexcept { storage_.reset(); }

  template <typename T> friend T *any_cast(any *a) noexcept;
  template <typename T> friend const T *any_cast(const any *a) noexcept;
};

template <typename T> T *any_cast(any *a) noexcept {
  if (!a || !a->storage_) { return nullptr; }
  if (a->storage_->type_id() != detail::any_typeid<T>()) { return nullptr; }
  return &static_cast<detail::any_value<T> *>(a->storage_.get())->value;
}

template <typename T> const T *any_cast(const any *a) noexcept {
  if (!a || !a->storage_) { return nullptr; }
  if (a->storage_->type_id() != detail::any_typeid<T>()) { return nullptr; }
  return &static_cast<const detail::any_value<T> *>(a->storage_.get())->value;
}

template <typename T> T any_cast(const any &a) {
  using U =
      typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type;
  const U *p = any_cast<U>(&a);
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  if (!p) { throw bad_any_cast{}; }
#else
  if (!p) { std::abort(); }
#endif
  return static_cast<T>(*p);
}

template <typename T> T any_cast(any &a) {
  using U =
      typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type;
  U *p = any_cast<U>(&a);
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  if (!p) { throw bad_any_cast{}; }
#else
  if (!p) { std::abort(); }
#endif
  return static_cast<T>(*p);
}

template <typename T> T any_cast(any &&a) {
  using U =
      typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type;
  U *p = any_cast<U>(&a);
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  if (!p) { throw bad_any_cast{}; }
#else
  if (!p) { std::abort(); }
#endif
  return static_cast<T>(std::move(*p));
}

#endif // __cplusplus >= 201703L

struct Response;
using ResponseHandler = std::function<bool(const Response &response)>;

struct FormData {
  std::string name;
  std::string content;
  std::string filename;
  std::string content_type;
  Headers headers;
};

struct FormField {
  std::string name;
  std::string content;
  Headers headers;
};
using FormFields = std::multimap<std::string, FormField>;

using FormFiles = std::multimap<std::string, FormData>;

struct MultipartFormData {
  FormFields fields; // Text fields from multipart
  FormFiles files;   // Files from multipart

  // Text field access
  std::string get_field(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
  std::vector<std::string> get_fields(const std::string &key) const;
  bool has_field(const std::string &key) const;
  size_t get_field_count(const std::string &key) const;

  // File access
  FormData get_file(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
  std::vector<FormData> get_files(const std::string &key) const;
  bool has_file(const std::string &key) const;
  size_t get_file_count(const std::string &key) const;
};

struct UploadFormData {
  std::string name;
  std::string content;
  std::string filename;
  std::string content_type;
};
using UploadFormDataItems = std::vector<UploadFormData>;

class DataSink {
public:
  DataSink() : os(&sb_), sb_(*this) {}

  DataSink(const DataSink &) = delete;
  DataSink &operator=(const DataSink &) = delete;
  DataSink(DataSink &&) = delete;
  DataSink &operator=(DataSink &&) = delete;

  std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_len)> write;
  std::function<bool()> is_writable;
  std::function<void()> done;
  std::function<void(const Headers &trailer)> done_with_trailer;
  std::ostream os;

private:
  class data_sink_streambuf final : public std::streambuf {
  public:
    explicit data_sink_streambuf(DataSink &sink) : sink_(sink) {}

  protected:
    std::streamsize xsputn(const char *s, std::streamsize n) override {
      if (sink_.write(s, static_cast<size_t>(n))) { return n; }
      return 0;
    }

  private:
    DataSink &sink_;
  };

  data_sink_streambuf sb_;
};

using ContentProvider =
    std::function<bool(size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink)>;

using ContentProviderWithoutLength =
    std::function<bool(size_t offset, DataSink &sink)>;

using ContentProviderResourceReleaser = std::function<void(bool success)>;

struct FormDataProvider {
  std::string name;
  ContentProviderWithoutLength provider;
  std::string filename;
  std::string content_type;
};
using FormDataProviderItems = std::vector<FormDataProvider>;

inline FormDataProvider
make_file_provider(const std::string &name, const std::string &filepath,
                   const std::string &filename = std::string(),
                   const std::string &content_type = std::string()) {
  FormDataProvider fdp;
  fdp.name = name;
  fdp.filename = filename.empty() ? filepath : filename;
  fdp.content_type = content_type;
  fdp.provider = [filepath](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
    std::ifstream f(filepath, std::ios::binary);
    if (!f) { return false; }
    if (offset > 0) {
      f.seekg(static_cast<std::streamoff>(offset));
      if (!f.good()) {
        sink.done();
        return true;
      }
    }
    char buf[8192];
    f.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
    auto n = static_cast<size_t>(f.gcount());
    if (n > 0) { return sink.write(buf, n); }
    sink.done(); // EOF
    return true;
  };
  return fdp;
}

inline std::pair<size_t, ContentProvider>
make_file_body(const std::string &filepath) {
  std::ifstream f(filepath, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
  if (!f) { return {0, ContentProvider{}}; }
  auto size = static_cast<size_t>(f.tellg());

  ContentProvider provider = [filepath](size_t offset, size_t length,
                                        DataSink &sink) -> bool {
    std::ifstream f(filepath, std::ios::binary);
    if (!f) { return false; }
    f.seekg(static_cast<std::streamoff>(offset));
    if (!f.good()) { return false; }
    char buf[8192];
    while (length > 0) {
      auto to_read = (std::min)(sizeof(buf), length);
      f.read(buf, static_cast<std::streamsize>(to_read));
      auto n = static_cast<size_t>(f.gcount());
      if (n == 0) { break; }
      if (!sink.write(buf, n)) { return false; }
      length -= n;
    }
    return true;
  };
  return {size, std::move(provider)};
}

using ContentReceiverWithProgress = std::function<bool(
    const char *data, size_t data_length, size_t offset, size_t total_length)>;

using ContentReceiver =
    std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_length)>;

using FormDataHeader = std::function<bool(const FormData &file)>;

class ContentReader {
public:
  using Reader = std::function<bool(ContentReceiver receiver)>;
  using FormDataReader =
      std::function<bool(FormDataHeader header, ContentReceiver receiver)>;

  ContentReader(Reader reader, FormDataReader multipart_reader)
      : reader_(std::move(reader)),
        formdata_reader_(std::move(multipart_reader)) {}

  bool operator()(FormDataHeader header, ContentReceiver receiver) const {
    return formdata_reader_(std::move(header), std::move(receiver));
  }

  bool operator()(ContentReceiver receiver) const {
    return reader_(std::move(receiver));
  }

  Reader reader_;
  FormDataReader formdata_reader_;
};

using Range = std::pair<ssize_t, ssize_t>;
using Ranges = std::vector<Range>;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
// TLS abstraction layer - public type definitions and API
namespace tls {

// Opaque handles (defined as void* for abstraction)
using ctx_t = void *;
using session_t = void *;
using const_session_t = const void *; // For read-only session access
using cert_t = void *;
using ca_store_t = void *;

// TLS versions
enum class Version {
  TLS1_2 = 0x0303,
  TLS1_3 = 0x0304,
};

// Subject Alternative Names (SAN) entry types
enum class SanType { DNS, IP, EMAIL, URI, OTHER };

// SAN entry structure
struct SanEntry {
  SanType type;
  std::string value;
};

// Verification context for certificate verification callback
struct VerifyContext {
  session_t session;        // TLS session handle
  cert_t cert;              // Current certificate being verified
  int depth;                // Certificate chain depth (0 = leaf)
  bool preverify_ok;        // OpenSSL/Mbed TLS pre-verification result
  long error_code;          // Backend-specific error code (0 = no error)
  const char *error_string; // Human-readable error description

  // Certificate introspection methods
  std::string subject_cn() const;
  std::string issuer_name() const;
  bool check_hostname(const char *hostname) const;
  std::vector<SanEntry> sans() const;
  bool validity(time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after) const;
  std::string serial() const;
};

using VerifyCallback = std::function<bool(const VerifyContext &ctx)>;

// TlsError codes for TLS operations (backend-independent)
enum class ErrorCode : int {
  Success = 0,
  WantRead,         // Non-blocking: need to wait for read
  WantWrite,        // Non-blocking: need to wait for write
  PeerClosed,       // Peer closed the connection
  Fatal,            // Unrecoverable error
  SyscallError,     // System call error (check sys_errno)
  CertVerifyFailed, // Certificate verification failed
  HostnameMismatch, // Hostname verification failed
};

// TLS error information
struct TlsError {
  ErrorCode code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
  uint64_t backend_code = 0; // OpenSSL: ERR_get_error(), mbedTLS: return value
  int sys_errno = 0;         // errno when SyscallError

  // Convert verification error code to human-readable string
  static std::string verify_error_to_string(long error_code);
};

// RAII wrapper for peer certificate
class PeerCert {
public:
  PeerCert();
  PeerCert(PeerCert &&other) noexcept;
  PeerCert &operator=(PeerCert &&other) noexcept;
  ~PeerCert();

  PeerCert(const PeerCert &) = delete;
  PeerCert &operator=(const PeerCert &) = delete;

  explicit operator bool() const;
  std::string subject_cn() const;
  std::string issuer_name() const;
  bool check_hostname(const char *hostname) const;
  std::vector<SanEntry> sans() const;
  bool validity(time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after) const;
  std::string serial() const;

private:
  explicit PeerCert(cert_t cert);
  cert_t cert_ = nullptr;
  friend PeerCert get_peer_cert_from_session(const_session_t session);
};

// Callback for TLS context setup (used by SSLServer constructor)
using ContextSetupCallback = std::function<bool(ctx_t ctx)>;

} // namespace tls
#endif

struct Request {
  std::string method;
  std::string path;
  std::string matched_route;
  Params params;
  Headers headers;
  Headers trailers;
  std::string body;

  std::string remote_addr;
  int remote_port = -1;
  std::string local_addr;
  int local_port = -1;

  // for server
  std::string version;
  std::string target;
  MultipartFormData form;
  Ranges ranges;
  Match matches;
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> path_params;
  std::function<bool()> is_connection_closed = []() { return true; };

  // for client
  std::vector<std::string> accept_content_types;
  ResponseHandler response_handler;
  ContentReceiverWithProgress content_receiver;
  DownloadProgress download_progress;
  UploadProgress upload_progress;

  bool has_header(const std::string &key) const;
  std::string get_header_value(const std::string &key, const char *def = "",
                               size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def = 0,
                              size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
  void set_header(const std::string &key, const std::string &val);

  bool has_trailer(const std::string &key) const;
  std::string get_trailer_value(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const;

  bool has_param(const std::string &key) const;
  std::string get_param_value(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_param_value_count(const std::string &key) const;

  bool is_multipart_form_data() const;

  // private members...
  size_t redirect_count_ = CPPHTTPLIB_REDIRECT_MAX_COUNT;
  size_t content_length_ = 0;
  ContentProvider content_provider_;
  bool is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
  size_t authorization_count_ = 0;
  std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_ =
      (std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min)();

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  tls::const_session_t ssl = nullptr;
  tls::PeerCert peer_cert() const;
  std::string sni() const;
#endif
};

struct Response {
  std::string version;
  int status = -1;
  std::string reason;
  Headers headers;
  Headers trailers;
  std::string body;
  std::string location; // Redirect location

  // User-defined context — set by pre-routing/pre-request handlers and read
  // by route handlers to pass arbitrary data (e.g. decoded auth tokens).
  std::map<std::string, any> user_data;

  bool has_header(const std::string &key) const;
  std::string get_header_value(const std::string &key, const char *def = "",
                               size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def = 0,
                              size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const;
  void set_header(const std::string &key, const std::string &val);

  bool has_trailer(const std::string &key) const;
  std::string get_trailer_value(const std::string &key, size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const;

  void set_redirect(const std::string &url, int status = StatusCode::Found_302);
  void set_content(const char *s, size_t n, const std::string &content_type);
  void set_content(const std::string &s, const std::string &content_type);
  void set_content(std::string &&s, const std::string &content_type);

  void set_content_provider(
      size_t length, const std::string &content_type, ContentProvider provider,
      ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser = nullptr);

  void set_content_provider(
      const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
      ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser = nullptr);

  void set_chunked_content_provider(
      const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
      ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser = nullptr);

  void set_file_content(const std::string &path,
                        const std::string &content_type);
  void set_file_content(const std::string &path);

  Response() = default;
  Response(const Response &) = default;
  Response &operator=(const Response &) = default;
  Response(Response &&) = default;
  Response &operator=(Response &&) = default;
  ~Response() {
    if (content_provider_resource_releaser_) {
      content_provider_resource_releaser_(content_provider_success_);
    }
  }

  // private members...
  size_t content_length_ = 0;
  ContentProvider content_provider_;
  ContentProviderResourceReleaser content_provider_resource_releaser_;
  bool is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
  bool content_provider_success_ = false;
  std::string file_content_path_;
  std::string file_content_content_type_;
};

enum class Error {
  Success = 0,
  Unknown,
  Connection,
  BindIPAddress,
  Read,
  Write,
  ExceedRedirectCount,
  Canceled,
  SSLConnection,
  SSLLoadingCerts,
  SSLServerVerification,
  SSLServerHostnameVerification,
  UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars,
  Compression,
  ConnectionTimeout,
  ProxyConnection,
  ConnectionClosed,
  Timeout,
  ResourceExhaustion,
  TooManyFormDataFiles,
  ExceedMaxPayloadSize,
  ExceedUriMaxLength,
  ExceedMaxSocketDescriptorCount,
  InvalidRequestLine,
  InvalidHTTPMethod,
  InvalidHTTPVersion,
  InvalidHeaders,
  MultipartParsing,
  OpenFile,
  Listen,
  GetSockName,
  UnsupportedAddressFamily,
  HTTPParsing,
  InvalidRangeHeader,

  // For internal use only
  SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_,
};

std::string to_string(Error error);

std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Error &obj);

class Stream {
public:
  virtual ~Stream() = default;

  virtual bool is_readable() const = 0;
  virtual bool wait_readable() const = 0;
  virtual bool wait_writable() const = 0;
  virtual bool is_peer_alive() const { return wait_writable(); }

  virtual ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) = 0;
  virtual ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) = 0;
  virtual void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const = 0;
  virtual void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const = 0;
  virtual socket_t socket() const = 0;

  virtual time_t duration() const = 0;

  virtual void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0) {
    (void)sec;
    (void)usec;
  }

  ssize_t write(const char *ptr);
  ssize_t write(const std::string &s);

  Error get_error() const { return error_; }

protected:
  Error error_ = Error::Success;
};

class TaskQueue {
public:
  TaskQueue() = default;
  virtual ~TaskQueue() = default;

  virtual bool enqueue(std::function<void()> fn) = 0;
  virtual void shutdown() = 0;

  virtual void on_idle() {}
};

class ThreadPool final : public TaskQueue {
public:
  explicit ThreadPool(size_t n, size_t max_n = 0, size_t mqr = 0);
  ThreadPool(const ThreadPool &) = delete;
  ~ThreadPool() override = default;

  bool enqueue(std::function<void()> fn) override;
  void shutdown() override;

private:
  void worker(bool is_dynamic);
  void move_to_finished(std::thread::id id);
  void cleanup_finished_threads();

  size_t base_thread_count_;
  size_t max_thread_count_;
  size_t max_queued_requests_;
  size_t idle_thread_count_;

  bool shutdown_;

  std::list<std::function<void()>> jobs_;
  std::vector<std::thread> threads_;       // base threads
  std::list<std::thread> dynamic_threads_; // dynamic threads
  std::vector<std::thread>
      finished_threads_; // exited dynamic threads awaiting join

  std::condition_variable cond_;
  std::mutex mutex_;
};

using Logger = std::function<void(const Request &, const Response &)>;

// Forward declaration for Error type
enum class Error;
using ErrorLogger = std::function<void(const Error &, const Request *)>;

using SocketOptions = std::function<void(socket_t sock)>;

void default_socket_options(socket_t sock);

const char *status_message(int status);

std::string to_string(Error error);

std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Error &obj);

std::string get_bearer_token_auth(const Request &req);

namespace detail {

class MatcherBase {
public:
  MatcherBase(std::string pattern) : pattern_(std::move(pattern)) {}
  virtual ~MatcherBase() = default;

  const std::string &pattern() const { return pattern_; }

  // Match request path and populate its matches and
  virtual bool match(Request &request) const = 0;

private:
  std::string pattern_;
};

/**
 * Captures parameters in request path and stores them in Request::path_params
 *
 * Capture name is a substring of a pattern from : to /.
 * The rest of the pattern is matched against the request path directly
 * Parameters are captured starting from the next character after
 * the end of the last matched static pattern fragment until the next /.
 *
 * Example pattern:
 * "/path/fragments/:capture/more/fragments/:second_capture"
 * Static fragments:
 * "/path/fragments/", "more/fragments/"
 *
 * Given the following request path:
 * "/path/fragments/:1/more/fragments/:2"
 * the resulting capture will be
 * {{"capture", "1"}, {"second_capture", "2"}}
 */
class PathParamsMatcher final : public MatcherBase {
public:
  PathParamsMatcher(const std::string &pattern);

  bool match(Request &request) const override;

private:
  // Treat segment separators as the end of path parameter capture
  // Does not need to handle query parameters as they are parsed before path
  // matching
  static constexpr char separator = '/';

  // Contains static path fragments to match against, excluding the '/' after
  // path params
  // Fragments are separated by path params
  std::vector<std::string> static_fragments_;
  // Stores the names of the path parameters to be used as keys in the
  // Request::path_params map
  std::vector<std::string> param_names_;
};

/**
 * Performs std::regex_match on request path
 * and stores the result in Request::matches
 *
 * Note that regex match is performed directly on the whole request.
 * This means that wildcard patterns may match multiple path segments with /:
 * "/begin/(.*)/end" will match both "/begin/middle/end" and "/begin/1/2/end".
 */
class RegexMatcher final : public MatcherBase {
public:
  RegexMatcher(const std::string &pattern)
      : MatcherBase(pattern), regex_(pattern) {}

  bool match(Request &request) const override;

private:
  std::regex regex_;
};

int close_socket(socket_t sock);

ssize_t write_headers(Stream &strm, const Headers &headers);

bool set_socket_opt_time(socket_t sock, int level, int optname, time_t sec,
                         time_t usec);

} // namespace detail

class Server {
public:
  using Handler = std::function<void(const Request &, Response &)>;

  using ExceptionHandler =
      std::function<void(const Request &, Response &, std::exception_ptr ep)>;

  enum class HandlerResponse {
    Handled,
    Unhandled,
  };
  using HandlerWithResponse =
      std::function<HandlerResponse(const Request &, Response &)>;

  using HandlerWithContentReader = std::function<void(
      const Request &, Response &, const ContentReader &content_reader)>;

  using Expect100ContinueHandler =
      std::function<int(const Request &, Response &)>;

  using WebSocketHandler =
      std::function<void(const Request &, ws::WebSocket &)>;
  using SubProtocolSelector =
      std::function<std::string(const std::vector<std::string> &protocols)>;

  Server();

  virtual ~Server();

  virtual bool is_valid() const;

  Server &Get(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
  Server &Post(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
  Server &Post(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
  Server &Put(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
  Server &Put(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
  Server &Patch(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
  Server &Patch(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
  Server &Delete(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);
  Server &Delete(const std::string &pattern, HandlerWithContentReader handler);
  Server &Options(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler);

  Server &WebSocket(const std::string &pattern, WebSocketHandler handler);
  Server &WebSocket(const std::string &pattern, WebSocketHandler handler,
                    SubProtocolSelector sub_protocol_selector);

  bool set_base_dir(const std::string &dir,
                    const std::string &mount_point = std::string());
  bool set_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point, const std::string &dir,
                       Headers headers = Headers());
  bool remove_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point);
  Server &set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping(const std::string &ext,
                                                  const std::string &mime);
  Server &set_default_file_mimetype(const std::string &mime);
  Server &set_file_request_handler(Handler handler);

  template <class ErrorHandlerFunc>
  Server &set_error_handler(ErrorHandlerFunc &&handler) {
    return set_error_handler_core(
        std::forward<ErrorHandlerFunc>(handler),
        std::is_convertible<ErrorHandlerFunc, HandlerWithResponse>{});
  }

  Server &set_exception_handler(ExceptionHandler handler);

  Server &set_pre_routing_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler);
  Server &set_post_routing_handler(Handler handler);

  Server &set_pre_request_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler);

  Server &set_expect_100_continue_handler(Expect100ContinueHandler handler);
  Server &set_logger(Logger logger);
  Server &set_pre_compression_logger(Logger logger);
  Server &set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger);

  Server &set_address_family(int family);
  Server &set_tcp_nodelay(bool on);
  Server &set_ipv6_v6only(bool on);
  Server &set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options);

  Server &set_default_headers(Headers headers);
  Server &
  set_header_writer(std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer);

  Server &set_trusted_proxies(const std::vector<std::string> &proxies);

  Server &set_keep_alive_max_count(size_t count);
  Server &set_keep_alive_timeout(time_t sec);

  Server &set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  Server &set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  Server &set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  Server &set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  Server &set_idle_interval(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  Server &set_idle_interval(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  Server &set_payload_max_length(size_t length);

  Server &set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  Server &set_websocket_ping_interval(
      const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  bool bind_to_port(const std::string &host, int port, int socket_flags = 0);
  int bind_to_any_port(const std::string &host, int socket_flags = 0);
  bool listen_after_bind();

  bool listen(const std::string &host, int port, int socket_flags = 0);

  bool is_running() const;
  void wait_until_ready() const;
  void stop();
  void decommission();

  std::function<TaskQueue *(void)> new_task_queue;

protected:
  bool process_request(Stream &strm, const std::string &remote_addr,
                       int remote_port, const std::string &local_addr,
                       int local_port, bool close_connection,
                       bool &connection_closed,
                       const std::function<void(Request &)> &setup_request,
                       bool *websocket_upgraded = nullptr);

  std::atomic<socket_t> svr_sock_{INVALID_SOCKET};

  std::vector<std::string> trusted_proxies_;

  size_t keep_alive_max_count_ = CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_MAX_COUNT;
  time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t read_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t read_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
  time_t write_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t write_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_SERVER_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
  time_t idle_interval_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_SECOND;
  time_t idle_interval_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IDLE_INTERVAL_USECOND;
  size_t payload_max_length_ = CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH;
  time_t websocket_ping_interval_sec_ =
      CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND;

private:
  using Handlers =
      std::vector<std::pair<std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>, Handler>>;
  using HandlersForContentReader =
      std::vector<std::pair<std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>,
                            HandlerWithContentReader>>;

  static std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>
  make_matcher(const std::string &pattern);

  Server &set_error_handler_core(HandlerWithResponse handler, std::true_type);
  Server &set_error_handler_core(Handler handler, std::false_type);

  socket_t create_server_socket(const std::string &host, int port,
                                int socket_flags,
                                SocketOptions socket_options) const;
  int bind_internal(const std::string &host, int port, int socket_flags);
  bool listen_internal();

  bool routing(Request &req, Response &res, Stream &strm);
  bool handle_file_request(Request &req, Response &res);
  bool check_if_not_modified(const Request &req, Response &res,
                             const std::string &etag, time_t mtime) const;
  bool check_if_range(Request &req, const std::string &etag,
                      time_t mtime) const;
  bool dispatch_request(Request &req, Response &res,
                        const Handlers &handlers) const;
  bool dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
      Request &req, Response &res, ContentReader content_reader,
      const HandlersForContentReader &handlers) const;

  bool parse_request_line(const char *s, Request &req) const;
  void apply_ranges(const Request &req, Response &res,
                    std::string &content_type, std::string &boundary) const;
  bool write_response(Stream &strm, bool close_connection, Request &req,
                      Response &res);
  bool write_response_with_content(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
                                   const Request &req, Response &res);
  bool write_response_core(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
                           const Request &req, Response &res,
                           bool need_apply_ranges);
  bool write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
                                   Response &res, const std::string &boundary,
                                   const std::string &content_type);
  bool read_content(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res);
  bool read_content_with_content_receiver(Stream &strm, Request &req,
                                          Response &res,
                                          ContentReceiver receiver,
                                          FormDataHeader multipart_header,
                                          ContentReceiver multipart_receiver);
  bool read_content_core(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
                         ContentReceiver receiver,
                         FormDataHeader multipart_header,
                         ContentReceiver multipart_receiver) const;

  virtual bool process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock);

  void output_log(const Request &req, const Response &res) const;
  void output_pre_compression_log(const Request &req,
                                  const Response &res) const;
  void output_error_log(const Error &err, const Request *req) const;

  std::atomic<bool> is_running_{false};
  std::atomic<bool> is_decommissioned{false};

  struct MountPointEntry {
    std::string mount_point;
    std::string base_dir;
    std::string resolved_base_dir;
    Headers headers;
  };
  std::vector<MountPointEntry> base_dirs_;
  std::map<std::string, std::string> file_extension_and_mimetype_map_;
  std::string default_file_mimetype_ = "application/octet-stream";
  Handler file_request_handler_;

  Handlers get_handlers_;
  Handlers post_handlers_;
  HandlersForContentReader post_handlers_for_content_reader_;
  Handlers put_handlers_;
  HandlersForContentReader put_handlers_for_content_reader_;
  Handlers patch_handlers_;
  HandlersForContentReader patch_handlers_for_content_reader_;
  Handlers delete_handlers_;
  HandlersForContentReader delete_handlers_for_content_reader_;
  Handlers options_handlers_;

  struct WebSocketHandlerEntry {
    std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase> matcher;
    WebSocketHandler handler;
    SubProtocolSelector sub_protocol_selector;
  };
  using WebSocketHandlers = std::vector<WebSocketHandlerEntry>;
  WebSocketHandlers websocket_handlers_;

  HandlerWithResponse error_handler_;
  ExceptionHandler exception_handler_;
  HandlerWithResponse pre_routing_handler_;
  Handler post_routing_handler_;
  HandlerWithResponse pre_request_handler_;
  Expect100ContinueHandler expect_100_continue_handler_;

  mutable std::mutex logger_mutex_;
  Logger logger_;
  Logger pre_compression_logger_;
  ErrorLogger error_logger_;

  int address_family_ = AF_UNSPEC;
  bool tcp_nodelay_ = CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY;
  bool ipv6_v6only_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY;
  SocketOptions socket_options_ = default_socket_options;

  Headers default_headers_;
  std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> header_writer_ =
      detail::write_headers;
};

class Result {
public:
  Result() = default;
  Result(std::unique_ptr<Response> &&res, Error err,
         Headers &&request_headers = Headers{})
      : res_(std::move(res)), err_(err),
        request_headers_(std::move(request_headers)) {}
  // Response
  operator bool() const { return res_ != nullptr; }
  bool operator==(std::nullptr_t) const { return res_ == nullptr; }
  bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t) const { return res_ != nullptr; }
  const Response &value() const { return *res_; }
  Response &value() { return *res_; }
  const Response &operator*() const { return *res_; }
  Response &operator*() { return *res_; }
  const Response *operator->() const { return res_.get(); }
  Response *operator->() { return res_.get(); }

  // Error
  Error error() const { return err_; }

  // Request Headers
  bool has_request_header(const std::string &key) const;
  std::string get_request_header_value(const std::string &key,
                                       const char *def = "",
                                       size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_request_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def = 0,
                                      size_t id = 0) const;
  size_t get_request_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const;

private:
  std::unique_ptr<Response> res_;
  Error err_ = Error::Unknown;
  Headers request_headers_;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
public:
  Result(std::unique_ptr<Response> &&res, Error err, Headers &&request_headers,
         int ssl_error)
      : res_(std::move(res)), err_(err),
        request_headers_(std::move(request_headers)), ssl_error_(ssl_error) {}
  Result(std::unique_ptr<Response> &&res, Error err, Headers &&request_headers,
         int ssl_error, uint64_t ssl_backend_error)
      : res_(std::move(res)), err_(err),
        request_headers_(std::move(request_headers)), ssl_error_(ssl_error),
        ssl_backend_error_(ssl_backend_error) {}

  int ssl_error() const { return ssl_error_; }
  uint64_t ssl_backend_error() const { return ssl_backend_error_; }

private:
  int ssl_error_ = 0;
  uint64_t ssl_backend_error_ = 0;
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
public:
  [[deprecated("Use ssl_backend_error() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  uint64_t ssl_openssl_error() const {
    return ssl_backend_error_;
  }
#endif
};

struct ClientConnection {
  socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;

  bool is_open() const { return sock != INVALID_SOCKET; }

  ClientConnection() = default;

  ~ClientConnection();

  ClientConnection(const ClientConnection &) = delete;
  ClientConnection &operator=(const ClientConnection &) = delete;

  ClientConnection(ClientConnection &&other) noexcept
      : sock(other.sock)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
        ,
        session(other.session)
#endif
  {
    other.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    other.session = nullptr;
#endif
  }

  ClientConnection &operator=(ClientConnection &&other) noexcept {
    if (this != &other) {
      sock = other.sock;
      other.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
      session = other.session;
      other.session = nullptr;
#endif
    }
    return *this;
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  tls::session_t session = nullptr;
#endif
};

namespace detail {

struct ChunkedDecoder;

struct BodyReader {
  Stream *stream = nullptr;
  bool has_content_length = false;
  size_t content_length = 0;
  size_t payload_max_length = CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH;
  size_t bytes_read = 0;
  bool chunked = false;
  bool eof = false;
  std::unique_ptr<ChunkedDecoder> chunked_decoder;
  Error last_error = Error::Success;

  ssize_t read(char *buf, size_t len);
  bool has_error() const { return last_error != Error::Success; }
};

inline ssize_t read_body_content(Stream *stream, BodyReader &br, char *buf,
                                 size_t len) {
  (void)stream;
  return br.read(buf, len);
}

class decompressor;

} // namespace detail

class ClientImpl {
public:
  explicit ClientImpl(const std::string &host);

  explicit ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port);

  explicit ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port,
                      const std::string &client_cert_path,
                      const std::string &client_key_path);

  virtual ~ClientImpl();

  virtual bool is_valid() const;

  struct StreamHandle {
    std::unique_ptr<Response> response;
    Error error = Error::Success;

    StreamHandle() = default;
    StreamHandle(const StreamHandle &) = delete;
    StreamHandle &operator=(const StreamHandle &) = delete;
    StreamHandle(StreamHandle &&) = default;
    StreamHandle &operator=(StreamHandle &&) = default;
    ~StreamHandle() = default;

    bool is_valid() const {
      return response != nullptr && error == Error::Success;
    }

    ssize_t read(char *buf, size_t len);
    void parse_trailers_if_needed();
    Error get_read_error() const { return body_reader_.last_error; }
    bool has_read_error() const { return body_reader_.has_error(); }

    bool trailers_parsed_ = false;

  private:
    friend class ClientImpl;

    ssize_t read_with_decompression(char *buf, size_t len);

    std::unique_ptr<ClientConnection> connection_;
    std::unique_ptr<Stream> socket_stream_;
    Stream *stream_ = nullptr;
    detail::BodyReader body_reader_;

    std::unique_ptr<detail::decompressor> decompressor_;
    std::string decompress_buffer_;
    size_t decompress_offset_ = 0;
    size_t decompressed_bytes_read_ = 0;
  };

  // clang-format off
  Result Get(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Head(const std::string &path);
  Result Head(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);

  Result Post(const std::string &path);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Put(const std::string &path);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Patch(const std::string &path);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Delete(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Options(const std::string &path);
  Result Options(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  // clang-format on

  // Streaming API: Open a stream for reading response body incrementally
  // Socket ownership is transferred to StreamHandle for true streaming
  // Supports all HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE, etc.)
  StreamHandle open_stream(const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
                           const Params &params = {},
                           const Headers &headers = {},
                           const std::string &body = {},
                           const std::string &content_type = {});

  bool send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
  Result send(const Request &req);

  void stop();

  std::string host() const;
  int port() const;

  size_t is_socket_open() const;
  socket_t socket() const;

  void set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map);

  void set_default_headers(Headers headers);

  void
  set_header_writer(std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer);

  void set_address_family(int family);
  void set_tcp_nodelay(bool on);
  void set_ipv6_v6only(bool on);
  void set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options);

  void set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void
  set_connection_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_max_timeout(time_t msec);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void set_max_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_basic_auth(const std::string &username, const std::string &password);
  void set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);

  void set_keep_alive(bool on);
  void set_follow_location(bool on);

  void set_path_encode(bool on);

  void set_compress(bool on);

  void set_decompress(bool on);

  void set_payload_max_length(size_t length);

  void set_interface(const std::string &intf);

  void set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port);
  void set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
                            const std::string &password);
  void set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);

  void set_logger(Logger logger);
  void set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger);

protected:
  struct Socket {
    socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;

    // For Mbed TLS compatibility: start_time for request timeout tracking
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_;

    bool is_open() const { return sock != INVALID_SOCKET; }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    tls::session_t ssl = nullptr;
#endif
  };

  virtual bool create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket, Error &error);
  virtual bool ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error);
  virtual bool setup_proxy_connection(
      Socket &socket,
      std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
      Response &res, bool &success, Error &error);

  // All of:
  //   shutdown_ssl
  //   shutdown_socket
  //   close_socket
  // should ONLY be called when socket_mutex_ is locked.
  // Also, shutdown_ssl and close_socket should also NOT be called concurrently
  // with a DIFFERENT thread sending requests using that socket.
  virtual void shutdown_ssl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully);
  void shutdown_socket(Socket &socket) const;
  void close_socket(Socket &socket);

  bool process_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
                       bool close_connection, Error &error);

  bool write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
                                   Error &error) const;

  void copy_settings(const ClientImpl &rhs);

  void output_log(const Request &req, const Response &res) const;
  void output_error_log(const Error &err, const Request *req) const;

  // Socket endpoint information
  const std::string host_;
  const int port_;

  // Current open socket
  Socket socket_;
  mutable std::mutex socket_mutex_;
  std::recursive_mutex request_mutex_;

  // These are all protected under socket_mutex
  size_t socket_requests_in_flight_ = 0;
  std::thread::id socket_requests_are_from_thread_ = std::thread::id();
  bool socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ = false;

  // Hostname-IP map
  std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map_;

  // Default headers
  Headers default_headers_;

  // Header writer
  std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> header_writer_ =
      detail::write_headers;

  // Settings
  std::string client_cert_path_;
  std::string client_key_path_;

  time_t connection_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t connection_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
  time_t read_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t read_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_READ_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
  time_t write_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t write_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
  time_t max_timeout_msec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_MAX_TIMEOUT_MSECOND;

  std::string basic_auth_username_;
  std::string basic_auth_password_;
  std::string bearer_token_auth_token_;

  bool keep_alive_ = false;
  bool follow_location_ = false;

  bool path_encode_ = true;

  int address_family_ = AF_UNSPEC;
  bool tcp_nodelay_ = CPPHTTPLIB_TCP_NODELAY;
  bool ipv6_v6only_ = CPPHTTPLIB_IPV6_V6ONLY;
  SocketOptions socket_options_ = nullptr;

  bool compress_ = false;
  bool decompress_ = true;

  size_t payload_max_length_ = CPPHTTPLIB_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH;
  bool has_payload_max_length_ = false;

  std::string interface_;

  std::string proxy_host_;
  int proxy_port_ = -1;

  std::string proxy_basic_auth_username_;
  std::string proxy_basic_auth_password_;
  std::string proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_;

  mutable std::mutex logger_mutex_;
  Logger logger_;
  ErrorLogger error_logger_;

private:
  bool send_(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
  Result send_(Request &&req);

  socket_t create_client_socket(Error &error) const;
  bool read_response_line(Stream &strm, const Request &req, Response &res,
                          bool skip_100_continue = true) const;
  bool write_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, bool close_connection,
                     Error &error, bool skip_body = false);
  bool write_request_body(Stream &strm, Request &req, Error &error);
  void prepare_default_headers(Request &r, bool for_stream,
                               const std::string &ct);
  bool redirect(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
  bool create_redirect_client(const std::string &scheme,
                              const std::string &host, int port, Request &req,
                              Response &res, const std::string &path,
                              const std::string &location, Error &error);
  template <typename ClientType> void setup_redirect_client(ClientType &client);
  bool handle_request(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res,
                      bool close_connection, Error &error);
  std::unique_ptr<Response> send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      Request &req, const char *body, size_t content_length,
      ContentProvider content_provider,
      ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
      const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
      Error &error);
  Result send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
      const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length,
      ContentProvider content_provider,
      ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
      const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
      UploadProgress progress);
  ContentProviderWithoutLength get_multipart_content_provider(
      const std::string &boundary, const UploadFormDataItems &items,
      const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items) const;

  virtual bool
  process_socket(const Socket &socket,
                 std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
                 std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback);
  virtual bool is_ssl() const;

  void transfer_socket_ownership_to_handle(StreamHandle &handle);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
public:
  void set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                       const std::string &password);
  void set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                             const std::string &password);
  void set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
                        const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path = std::string());
  void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
  void enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled);

protected:
  std::string digest_auth_username_;
  std::string digest_auth_password_;
  std::string proxy_digest_auth_username_;
  std::string proxy_digest_auth_password_;
  std::string ca_cert_file_path_;
  std::string ca_cert_dir_path_;
  bool server_certificate_verification_ = true;
  bool server_hostname_verification_ = true;
  std::string ca_cert_pem_; // Store CA cert PEM for redirect transfer
  int last_ssl_error_ = 0;
  uint64_t last_backend_error_ = 0;
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
public:
  [[deprecated("Use load_ca_cert_store() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  void set_ca_cert_store(X509_STORE *ca_cert_store);

  [[deprecated("Use tls::create_ca_store() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  X509_STORE *create_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size) const;

  [[deprecated("Use set_server_certificate_verifier(VerifyCallback) instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  virtual void set_server_certificate_verifier(
      std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(SSL *ssl)> verifier);
#endif
};

class Client {
public:
  // Universal interface
  explicit Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port);

  explicit Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port,
                  const std::string &client_cert_path,
                  const std::string &client_key_path);

  // HTTP only interface
  explicit Client(const std::string &host, int port);

  explicit Client(const std::string &host, int port,
                  const std::string &client_cert_path,
                  const std::string &client_key_path);

  Client(Client &&) = default;
  Client &operator=(Client &&) = default;

  ~Client();

  bool is_valid() const;

  // clang-format off
  Result Get(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params, const Headers &headers, ResponseHandler response_handler, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Head(const std::string &path);
  Result Head(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);

  Result Post(const std::string &path);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Put(const std::string &path);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Patch(const std::string &path);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const std::string &boundary, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const UploadFormDataItems &items, const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items, UploadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Delete(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const char *body, size_t content_length, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);
  Result Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers, const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress = nullptr);

  Result Options(const std::string &path);
  Result Options(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  // clang-format on

  // Streaming API: Open a stream for reading response body incrementally
  // Socket ownership is transferred to StreamHandle for true streaming
  // Supports all HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE, etc.)
  ClientImpl::StreamHandle open_stream(const std::string &method,
                                       const std::string &path,
                                       const Params &params = {},
                                       const Headers &headers = {},
                                       const std::string &body = {},
                                       const std::string &content_type = {});

  bool send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error);
  Result send(const Request &req);

  void stop();

  std::string host() const;
  int port() const;

  size_t is_socket_open() const;
  socket_t socket() const;

  void set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map);

  void set_default_headers(Headers headers);

  void
  set_header_writer(std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer);

  void set_address_family(int family);
  void set_tcp_nodelay(bool on);
  void set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options);

  void set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void
  set_connection_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_max_timeout(time_t msec);
  template <class Rep, class Period>
  void set_max_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration);

  void set_basic_auth(const std::string &username, const std::string &password);
  void set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);

  void set_keep_alive(bool on);
  void set_follow_location(bool on);

  void set_path_encode(bool on);
  void set_url_encode(bool on);

  void set_compress(bool on);

  void set_decompress(bool on);

  void set_payload_max_length(size_t length);

  void set_interface(const std::string &intf);

  void set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port);
  void set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
                            const std::string &password);
  void set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token);
  void set_logger(Logger logger);
  void set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger);

private:
  std::unique_ptr<ClientImpl> cli_;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
public:
  void set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                       const std::string &password);
  void set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                             const std::string &password);
  void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
  void enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled);
  void set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
                        const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path = std::string());

  void set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store);
  void load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size);

  void set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier);

  void set_session_verifier(
      std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier);

  tls::ctx_t tls_context() const;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
  void enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
#endif

private:
  bool is_ssl_ = false;
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
public:
  [[deprecated("Use tls_context() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  SSL_CTX *ssl_context() const;

  [[deprecated("Use set_session_verifier(session_t) instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  void set_server_certificate_verifier(
      std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(SSL *ssl)> verifier);

  [[deprecated("Use Result::ssl_backend_error() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  long get_verify_result() const;
#endif
};

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
class SSLServer : public Server {
public:
  SSLServer(const char *cert_path, const char *private_key_path,
            const char *client_ca_cert_file_path = nullptr,
            const char *client_ca_cert_dir_path = nullptr,
            const char *private_key_password = nullptr);

  struct PemMemory {
    const char *cert_pem;
    size_t cert_pem_len;
    const char *key_pem;
    size_t key_pem_len;
    const char *client_ca_pem;
    size_t client_ca_pem_len;
    const char *private_key_password;
  };
  explicit SSLServer(const PemMemory &pem);

  // The callback receives the ctx_t handle which can be cast to the
  // appropriate backend type (SSL_CTX* for OpenSSL,
  // tls::impl::MbedTlsContext* for Mbed TLS)
  explicit SSLServer(const tls::ContextSetupCallback &setup_callback);

  ~SSLServer() override;

  bool is_valid() const override;

  bool update_certs_pem(const char *cert_pem, const char *key_pem,
                        const char *client_ca_pem = nullptr,
                        const char *password = nullptr);

  tls::ctx_t tls_context() const { return ctx_; }

  int ssl_last_error() const { return last_ssl_error_; }

private:
  bool process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) override;

  tls::ctx_t ctx_ = nullptr;
  std::mutex ctx_mutex_;

  int last_ssl_error_ = 0;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
public:
  [[deprecated("Use SSLServer(PemMemory) or "
               "SSLServer(ContextSetupCallback) instead. "
               "This constructor will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  SSLServer(X509 *cert, EVP_PKEY *private_key,
            X509_STORE *client_ca_cert_store = nullptr);

  [[deprecated("Use SSLServer(ContextSetupCallback) instead. "
               "This constructor will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  SSLServer(
      const std::function<bool(SSL_CTX &ssl_ctx)> &setup_ssl_ctx_callback);

  [[deprecated("Use tls_context() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  SSL_CTX *ssl_context() const;

  [[deprecated("Use update_certs_pem() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  void update_certs(X509 *cert, EVP_PKEY *private_key,
                    X509_STORE *client_ca_cert_store = nullptr);
#endif
};

class SSLClient final : public ClientImpl {
public:
  explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host);

  explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port);

  explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port,
                     const std::string &client_cert_path,
                     const std::string &client_key_path,
                     const std::string &private_key_password = std::string());

  struct PemMemory {
    const char *cert_pem;
    size_t cert_pem_len;
    const char *key_pem;
    size_t key_pem_len;
    const char *private_key_password;
  };
  explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port, const PemMemory &pem);

  ~SSLClient() override;

  bool is_valid() const override;

  void set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store);
  void load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size);

  void set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier);

  // Post-handshake session verifier (backend-independent)
  void set_session_verifier(
      std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier);

  tls::ctx_t tls_context() const { return ctx_; }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
  void enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
#endif

private:
  bool create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket, Error &error) override;
  bool ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error) override;
  void shutdown_ssl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully) override;
  void shutdown_ssl_impl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully);

  bool
  process_socket(const Socket &socket,
                 std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
                 std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback) override;
  bool is_ssl() const override;

  bool setup_proxy_connection(
      Socket &socket,
      std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
      Response &res, bool &success, Error &error) override;
  bool connect_with_proxy(
      Socket &sock,
      std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
      Response &res, bool &success, Error &error);
  bool initialize_ssl(Socket &socket, Error &error);

  bool load_certs();

  tls::ctx_t ctx_ = nullptr;
  std::mutex ctx_mutex_;
  std::once_flag initialize_cert_;

  long verify_result_ = 0;

  std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> session_verifier_;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
  bool enable_windows_cert_verification_ = true;
#endif

  friend class ClientImpl;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
public:
  [[deprecated("Use SSLClient(host, port, PemMemory) instead. "
               "This constructor will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  explicit SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port, X509 *client_cert,
                     EVP_PKEY *client_key,
                     const std::string &private_key_password = std::string());

  [[deprecated("Use Result::ssl_backend_error() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  long get_verify_result() const;

  [[deprecated("Use tls_context() instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  SSL_CTX *ssl_context() const;

  [[deprecated("Use set_session_verifier(session_t) instead. "
               "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
  void set_server_certificate_verifier(
      std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(SSL *ssl)> verifier) override;

private:
  bool verify_host(X509 *server_cert) const;
  bool verify_host_with_subject_alt_name(X509 *server_cert) const;
  bool verify_host_with_common_name(X509 *server_cert) const;
#endif
};
#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

namespace detail {

template <typename T, typename U>
inline void duration_to_sec_and_usec(const T &duration, U callback) {
  auto sec = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(duration).count();
  auto usec = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
                  duration - std::chrono::seconds(sec))
                  .count();
  callback(static_cast<time_t>(sec), static_cast<time_t>(usec));
}

template <size_t N> inline constexpr size_t str_len(const char (&)[N]) {
  return N - 1;
}

inline bool is_numeric(const std::string &str) {
  return !str.empty() &&
         std::all_of(str.cbegin(), str.cend(),
                     [](unsigned char c) { return std::isdigit(c); });
}

inline size_t get_header_value_u64(const Headers &headers,
                                   const std::string &key, size_t def,
                                   size_t id, bool &is_invalid_value) {
  is_invalid_value = false;
  auto rng = headers.equal_range(key);
  auto it = rng.first;
  std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
  if (it != rng.second) {
    if (is_numeric(it->second)) {
      return static_cast<size_t>(std::strtoull(it->second.data(), nullptr, 10));
    } else {
      is_invalid_value = true;
    }
  }
  return def;
}

inline size_t get_header_value_u64(const Headers &headers,
                                   const std::string &key, size_t def,
                                   size_t id) {
  auto dummy = false;
  return get_header_value_u64(headers, key, def, id, dummy);
}

} // namespace detail

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline Server &
Server::set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
      duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_read_timeout(sec, usec); });
  return *this;
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline Server &
Server::set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
      duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_write_timeout(sec, usec); });
  return *this;
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline Server &
Server::set_idle_interval(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
      duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_idle_interval(sec, usec); });
  return *this;
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void ClientImpl::set_connection_timeout(
    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) {
    set_connection_timeout(sec, usec);
  });
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void ClientImpl::set_read_timeout(
    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
      duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_read_timeout(sec, usec); });
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void ClientImpl::set_write_timeout(
    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(
      duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t usec) { set_write_timeout(sec, usec); });
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void ClientImpl::set_max_timeout(
    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  auto msec =
      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(duration).count();
  set_max_timeout(msec);
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void Client::set_connection_timeout(
    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  cli_->set_connection_timeout(duration);
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void
Client::set_read_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  cli_->set_read_timeout(duration);
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void
Client::set_write_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  cli_->set_write_timeout(duration);
}

inline void Client::set_max_timeout(time_t msec) {
  cli_->set_max_timeout(msec);
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline void
Client::set_max_timeout(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  cli_->set_max_timeout(duration);
}

/*
 * Forward declarations and types that will be part of the .h file if split into
 * .h + .cc.
 */

std::string hosted_at(const std::string &hostname);

void hosted_at(const std::string &hostname, std::vector<std::string> &addrs);

// JavaScript-style URL encoding/decoding functions
std::string encode_uri_component(const std::string &value);
std::string encode_uri(const std::string &value);
std::string decode_uri_component(const std::string &value);
std::string decode_uri(const std::string &value);

// RFC 3986 compliant URL component encoding/decoding functions
std::string encode_path_component(const std::string &component);
std::string decode_path_component(const std::string &component);
std::string encode_query_component(const std::string &component,
                                   bool space_as_plus = true);
std::string decode_query_component(const std::string &component,
                                   bool plus_as_space = true);

std::string sanitize_filename(const std::string &filename);

std::string append_query_params(const std::string &path, const Params &params);

std::pair<std::string, std::string> make_range_header(const Ranges &ranges);

std::pair<std::string, std::string>
make_basic_authentication_header(const std::string &username,
                                 const std::string &password,
                                 bool is_proxy = false);

namespace detail {

#if defined(_WIN32)
inline std::wstring u8string_to_wstring(const char *s) {
  if (!s) { return std::wstring(); }

  auto len = static_cast<int>(strlen(s));
  if (!len) { return std::wstring(); }

  auto wlen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, s, len, nullptr, 0);
  if (!wlen) { return std::wstring(); }

  std::wstring ws;
  ws.resize(wlen);
  wlen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(
      CP_UTF8, 0, s, len,
      const_cast<LPWSTR>(reinterpret_cast<LPCWSTR>(ws.data())), wlen);
  if (wlen != static_cast<int>(ws.size())) { ws.clear(); }
  return ws;
}
#endif

struct FileStat {
  FileStat(const std::string &path);
  bool is_file() const;
  bool is_dir() const;
  time_t mtime() const;
  size_t size() const;

private:
#if defined(_WIN32)
  struct _stat st_;
#else
  struct stat st_;
#endif
  int ret_ = -1;
};

std::string make_host_and_port_string(const std::string &host, int port,
                                      bool is_ssl);

std::string trim_copy(const std::string &s);

void divide(
    const char *data, std::size_t size, char d,
    std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
        fn);

void divide(
    const std::string &str, char d,
    std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
        fn);

void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
           std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn);

void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d, size_t m,
           std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn);

bool process_client_socket(
    socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
    time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
    time_t max_timeout_msec,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
    std::function<bool(Stream &)> callback);

socket_t create_client_socket(const std::string &host, const std::string &ip,
                              int port, int address_family, bool tcp_nodelay,
                              bool ipv6_v6only, SocketOptions socket_options,
                              time_t connection_timeout_sec,
                              time_t connection_timeout_usec,
                              time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
                              time_t write_timeout_sec,
                              time_t write_timeout_usec,
                              const std::string &intf, Error &error);

const char *get_header_value(const Headers &headers, const std::string &key,
                             const char *def, size_t id);

std::string params_to_query_str(const Params &params);

void parse_query_text(const char *data, std::size_t size, Params &params);

void parse_query_text(const std::string &s, Params &params);

bool parse_multipart_boundary(const std::string &content_type,
                              std::string &boundary);

bool parse_range_header(const std::string &s, Ranges &ranges);

bool parse_accept_header(const std::string &s,
                         std::vector<std::string> &content_types);

int close_socket(socket_t sock);

ssize_t send_socket(socket_t sock, const void *ptr, size_t size, int flags);

ssize_t read_socket(socket_t sock, void *ptr, size_t size, int flags);

enum class EncodingType { None = 0, Gzip, Brotli, Zstd };

EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req, const Response &res);

class BufferStream final : public Stream {
public:
  BufferStream() = default;
  ~BufferStream() override = default;

  bool is_readable() const override;
  bool wait_readable() const override;
  bool wait_writable() const override;
  ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override;
  ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override;
  void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
  void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
  socket_t socket() const override;
  time_t duration() const override;

  const std::string &get_buffer() const;

private:
  std::string buffer;
  size_t position = 0;
};

class compressor {
public:
  virtual ~compressor() = default;

  typedef std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_len)> Callback;
  virtual bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
                        Callback callback) = 0;
};

class decompressor {
public:
  virtual ~decompressor() = default;

  virtual bool is_valid() const = 0;

  typedef std::function<bool(const char *data, size_t data_len)> Callback;
  virtual bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                          Callback callback) = 0;
};

class nocompressor final : public compressor {
public:
  ~nocompressor() override = default;

  bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool /*last*/,
                Callback callback) override;
};

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
class gzip_compressor final : public compressor {
public:
  gzip_compressor();
  ~gzip_compressor() override;

  bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
                Callback callback) override;

private:
  bool is_valid_ = false;
  z_stream strm_;
};

class gzip_decompressor final : public decompressor {
public:
  gzip_decompressor();
  ~gzip_decompressor() override;

  bool is_valid() const override;

  bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                  Callback callback) override;

private:
  bool is_valid_ = false;
  z_stream strm_;
};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
class brotli_compressor final : public compressor {
public:
  brotli_compressor();
  ~brotli_compressor();

  bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
                Callback callback) override;

private:
  BrotliEncoderState *state_ = nullptr;
};

class brotli_decompressor final : public decompressor {
public:
  brotli_decompressor();
  ~brotli_decompressor();

  bool is_valid() const override;

  bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                  Callback callback) override;

private:
  BrotliDecoderResult decoder_r;
  BrotliDecoderState *decoder_s = nullptr;
};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
class zstd_compressor : public compressor {
public:
  zstd_compressor();
  ~zstd_compressor();

  bool compress(const char *data, size_t data_length, bool last,
                Callback callback) override;

private:
  ZSTD_CCtx *ctx_ = nullptr;
};

class zstd_decompressor : public decompressor {
public:
  zstd_decompressor();
  ~zstd_decompressor();

  bool is_valid() const override;

  bool decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                  Callback callback) override;

private:
  ZSTD_DCtx *ctx_ = nullptr;
};
#endif

// NOTE: until the read size reaches `fixed_buffer_size`, use `fixed_buffer`
// to store data. The call can set memory on stack for performance.
class stream_line_reader {
public:
  stream_line_reader(Stream &strm, char *fixed_buffer,
                     size_t fixed_buffer_size);
  const char *ptr() const;
  size_t size() const;
  bool end_with_crlf() const;
  bool getline();

private:
  void append(char c);

  Stream &strm_;
  char *fixed_buffer_;
  const size_t fixed_buffer_size_;
  size_t fixed_buffer_used_size_ = 0;
  std::string growable_buffer_;
};

bool parse_trailers(stream_line_reader &line_reader, Headers &dest,
                    const Headers &src_headers);

struct ChunkedDecoder {
  Stream &strm;
  size_t chunk_remaining = 0;
  bool finished = false;
  char line_buf[64];
  size_t last_chunk_total = 0;
  size_t last_chunk_offset = 0;

  explicit ChunkedDecoder(Stream &s);

  ssize_t read_payload(char *buf, size_t len, size_t &out_chunk_offset,
                       size_t &out_chunk_total);

  bool parse_trailers_into(Headers &dest, const Headers &src_headers);
};

class mmap {
public:
  mmap(const char *path);
  ~mmap();

  bool open(const char *path);
  void close();

  bool is_open() const;
  size_t size() const;
  const char *data() const;

private:
#if defined(_WIN32)
  HANDLE hFile_ = NULL;
  HANDLE hMapping_ = NULL;
#else
  int fd_ = -1;
#endif
  size_t size_ = 0;
  void *addr_ = nullptr;
  bool is_open_empty_file = false;
};

// NOTE: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#section-5
namespace fields {

bool is_token_char(char c);
bool is_token(const std::string &s);
bool is_field_name(const std::string &s);
bool is_vchar(char c);
bool is_obs_text(char c);
bool is_field_vchar(char c);
bool is_field_content(const std::string &s);
bool is_field_value(const std::string &s);

} // namespace fields
} // namespace detail

/*
 * TLS Abstraction Layer Declarations
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
// TLS abstraction layer - backend-specific type declarations
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
namespace tls {
namespace impl {

// Mbed TLS context wrapper (holds config, entropy, DRBG, CA chain, own
// cert/key). This struct is accessible via tls::impl for use in SSL context
// setup callbacks (cast ctx_t to tls::impl::MbedTlsContext*).
struct MbedTlsContext {
  mbedtls_ssl_config conf;
  mbedtls_entropy_context entropy;
  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context ctr_drbg;
  mbedtls_x509_crt ca_chain;
  mbedtls_x509_crt own_cert;
  mbedtls_pk_context own_key;
  bool is_server = false;
  bool verify_client = false;
  bool has_verify_callback = false;

  MbedTlsContext();
  ~MbedTlsContext();

  MbedTlsContext(const MbedTlsContext &) = delete;
  MbedTlsContext &operator=(const MbedTlsContext &) = delete;
};

} // namespace impl
} // namespace tls
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
namespace tls {
namespace impl {

// wolfSSL context wrapper (holds WOLFSSL_CTX and related state).
// This struct is accessible via tls::impl for use in SSL context
// setup callbacks (cast ctx_t to tls::impl::WolfSSLContext*).
struct WolfSSLContext {
  WOLFSSL_CTX *ctx = nullptr;
  bool is_server = false;
  bool verify_client = false;
  bool has_verify_callback = false;
  std::string ca_pem_data_; // accumulated PEM for get_ca_names/get_ca_certs

  WolfSSLContext();
  ~WolfSSLContext();

  WolfSSLContext(const WolfSSLContext &) = delete;
  WolfSSLContext &operator=(const WolfSSLContext &) = delete;
};

// CA store for wolfSSL: holds raw PEM bytes to allow reloading into any ctx
struct WolfSSLCAStore {
  std::string pem_data;
};

} // namespace impl
} // namespace tls
#endif

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

namespace stream {

class Result {
public:
  Result();
  explicit Result(ClientImpl::StreamHandle &&handle, size_t chunk_size = 8192);
  Result(Result &&other) noexcept;
  Result &operator=(Result &&other) noexcept;
  Result(const Result &) = delete;
  Result &operator=(const Result &) = delete;

  // Response info
  bool is_valid() const;
  explicit operator bool() const;
  int status() const;
  const Headers &headers() const;
  std::string get_header_value(const std::string &key,
                               const char *def = "") const;
  bool has_header(const std::string &key) const;
  Error error() const;
  Error read_error() const;
  bool has_read_error() const;

  // Stream reading
  bool next();
  const char *data() const;
  size_t size() const;
  std::string read_all();

private:
  ClientImpl::StreamHandle handle_;
  std::string buffer_;
  size_t current_size_ = 0;
  size_t chunk_size_;
  bool finished_ = false;
};

// GET
template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path, params), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Get(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                  size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("GET", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
}

// POST
template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                   size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("POST", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
                   const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("POST", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   const Params &params, const std::string &body,
                   const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("POST", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Post(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                   const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                   size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{
      cli.open_stream("POST", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
      chunk_size};
}

// PUT
template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                  size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("PUT", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
                  const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("PUT", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  const Params &params, const std::string &body,
                  const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("PUT", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Put(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                  const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                  const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                  size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{
      cli.open_stream("PUT", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
      chunk_size};
}

// PATCH
template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                    const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                    size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                    const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
                    const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                    const Params &params, const std::string &body,
                    const std::string &content_type, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Patch(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                    const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                    const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                    size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{
      cli.open_stream("PATCH", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
      chunk_size};
}

// DELETE
template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                     size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, {}, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     const Headers &headers, const std::string &body,
                     const std::string &content_type,
                     size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{
      cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, {}, headers, body, content_type),
      chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                     size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     const Params &params, const std::string &body,
                     const std::string &content_type,
                     size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params, {}, body, content_type),
                chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Delete(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                     const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                     const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
                     size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{
      cli.open_stream("DELETE", path, params, headers, body, content_type),
      chunk_size};
}

// HEAD
template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path, params), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Head(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                   const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                   size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("HEAD", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
}

// OPTIONS
template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                      size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                      const Headers &headers, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path, {}, headers), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                      const Params &params, size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path, params), chunk_size};
}

template <typename ClientType>
inline Result Options(ClientType &cli, const std::string &path,
                      const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                      size_t chunk_size = 8192) {
  return Result{cli.open_stream("OPTIONS", path, params, headers), chunk_size};
}

} // namespace stream

namespace sse {

struct SSEMessage {
  std::string event; // Event type (default: "message")
  std::string data;  // Event payload
  std::string id;    // Event ID for Last-Event-ID header

  SSEMessage();
  void clear();
};

class SSEClient {
public:
  using MessageHandler = std::function<void(const SSEMessage &)>;
  using ErrorHandler = std::function<void(Error)>;
  using OpenHandler = std::function<void()>;

  SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path);
  SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers);
  ~SSEClient();

  SSEClient(const SSEClient &) = delete;
  SSEClient &operator=(const SSEClient &) = delete;

  // Event handlers
  SSEClient &on_message(MessageHandler handler);
  SSEClient &on_event(const std::string &type, MessageHandler handler);
  SSEClient &on_open(OpenHandler handler);
  SSEClient &on_error(ErrorHandler handler);
  SSEClient &set_reconnect_interval(int ms);
  SSEClient &set_max_reconnect_attempts(int n);

  // State accessors
  bool is_connected() const;
  const std::string &last_event_id() const;

  // Blocking start - runs event loop with auto-reconnect
  void start();

  // Non-blocking start - runs in background thread
  void start_async();

  // Stop the client (thread-safe)
  void stop();

private:
  bool parse_sse_line(const std::string &line, SSEMessage &msg, int &retry_ms);
  void run_event_loop();
  void dispatch_event(const SSEMessage &msg);
  bool should_reconnect(int count) const;
  void wait_for_reconnect();

  // Client and path
  Client &client_;
  std::string path_;
  Headers headers_;

  // Callbacks
  MessageHandler on_message_;
  std::map<std::string, MessageHandler> event_handlers_;
  OpenHandler on_open_;
  ErrorHandler on_error_;

  // Configuration
  int reconnect_interval_ms_ = 3000;
  int max_reconnect_attempts_ = 0; // 0 = unlimited

  // State
  std::atomic<bool> running_{false};
  std::atomic<bool> connected_{false};
  std::string last_event_id_;

  // Async support
  std::thread async_thread_;
};

} // namespace sse

namespace ws {

enum class Opcode : uint8_t {
  Continuation = 0x0,
  Text = 0x1,
  Binary = 0x2,
  Close = 0x8,
  Ping = 0x9,
  Pong = 0xA,
};

enum class CloseStatus : uint16_t {
  Normal = 1000,
  GoingAway = 1001,
  ProtocolError = 1002,
  UnsupportedData = 1003,
  NoStatus = 1005,
  Abnormal = 1006,
  InvalidPayload = 1007,
  PolicyViolation = 1008,
  MessageTooBig = 1009,
  MandatoryExtension = 1010,
  InternalError = 1011,
};

enum ReadResult : int { Fail = 0, Text = 1, Binary = 2 };

class WebSocket {
public:
  WebSocket(const WebSocket &) = delete;
  WebSocket &operator=(const WebSocket &) = delete;
  ~WebSocket();

  ReadResult read(std::string &msg);
  bool send(const std::string &data);
  bool send(const char *data, size_t len);
  void close(CloseStatus status = CloseStatus::Normal,
             const std::string &reason = "");
  const Request &request() const;
  bool is_open() const;

private:
  friend class httplib::Server;
  friend class WebSocketClient;

  WebSocket(
      Stream &strm, const Request &req, bool is_server,
      time_t ping_interval_sec = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND)
      : strm_(strm), req_(req), is_server_(is_server),
        ping_interval_sec_(ping_interval_sec) {
    start_heartbeat();
  }

  WebSocket(
      std::unique_ptr<Stream> &&owned_strm, const Request &req, bool is_server,
      time_t ping_interval_sec = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND)
      : strm_(*owned_strm), owned_strm_(std::move(owned_strm)), req_(req),
        is_server_(is_server), ping_interval_sec_(ping_interval_sec) {
    start_heartbeat();
  }

  void start_heartbeat();
  bool send_frame(Opcode op, const char *data, size_t len, bool fin = true);

  Stream &strm_;
  std::unique_ptr<Stream> owned_strm_;
  Request req_;
  bool is_server_;
  time_t ping_interval_sec_;
  std::atomic<bool> closed_{false};
  std::mutex write_mutex_;
  std::thread ping_thread_;
  std::mutex ping_mutex_;
  std::condition_variable ping_cv_;
};

class WebSocketClient {
public:
  explicit WebSocketClient(const std::string &scheme_host_port_path,
                           const Headers &headers = {});

  ~WebSocketClient();
  WebSocketClient(const WebSocketClient &) = delete;
  WebSocketClient &operator=(const WebSocketClient &) = delete;

  bool is_valid() const;

  bool connect();
  ReadResult read(std::string &msg);
  bool send(const std::string &data);
  bool send(const char *data, size_t len);
  void close(CloseStatus status = CloseStatus::Normal,
             const std::string &reason = "");
  bool is_open() const;
  const std::string &subprotocol() const;
  void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  void set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0);
  void set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  void set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &path);
  void set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t store);
  void enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled);
#endif

private:
  void shutdown_and_close();
  bool create_stream(std::unique_ptr<Stream> &strm);

  std::string host_;
  int port_;
  std::string path_;
  Headers headers_;
  std::string subprotocol_;
  bool is_valid_ = false;
  socket_t sock_ = INVALID_SOCKET;
  std::unique_ptr<WebSocket> ws_;
  time_t read_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t read_timeout_usec_ = 0;
  time_t write_timeout_sec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_SECOND;
  time_t write_timeout_usec_ = CPPHTTPLIB_CLIENT_WRITE_TIMEOUT_USECOND;
  time_t websocket_ping_interval_sec_ =
      CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  bool is_ssl_ = false;
  tls::ctx_t tls_ctx_ = nullptr;
  tls::session_t tls_session_ = nullptr;
  std::string ca_cert_file_path_;
  tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store_ = nullptr;
  bool server_certificate_verification_ = true;
#endif
};

namespace impl {

bool is_valid_utf8(const std::string &s);

bool read_websocket_frame(Stream &strm, Opcode &opcode, std::string &payload,
                          bool &fin, bool expect_masked, size_t max_len);

} // namespace impl

} // namespace ws

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

/*
 * Implementation that will be part of the .cc file if split into .h + .cc.
 */

namespace stream {

// stream::Result implementations
inline Result::Result() : chunk_size_(8192) {}

inline Result::Result(ClientImpl::StreamHandle &&handle, size_t chunk_size)
    : handle_(std::move(handle)), chunk_size_(chunk_size) {}

inline Result::Result(Result &&other) noexcept
    : handle_(std::move(other.handle_)), buffer_(std::move(other.buffer_)),
      current_size_(other.current_size_), chunk_size_(other.chunk_size_),
      finished_(other.finished_) {
  other.current_size_ = 0;
  other.finished_ = true;
}

inline Result &Result::operator=(Result &&other) noexcept {
  if (this != &other) {
    handle_ = std::move(other.handle_);
    buffer_ = std::move(other.buffer_);
    current_size_ = other.current_size_;
    chunk_size_ = other.chunk_size_;
    finished_ = other.finished_;
    other.current_size_ = 0;
    other.finished_ = true;
  }
  return *this;
}

inline bool Result::is_valid() const { return handle_.is_valid(); }
inline Result::operator bool() const { return is_valid(); }

inline int Result::status() const {
  return handle_.response ? handle_.response->status : -1;
}

inline const Headers &Result::headers() const {
  static const Headers empty_headers;
  return handle_.response ? handle_.response->headers : empty_headers;
}

inline std::string Result::get_header_value(const std::string &key,
                                            const char *def) const {
  return handle_.response ? handle_.response->get_header_value(key, def) : def;
}

inline bool Result::has_header(const std::string &key) const {
  return handle_.response ? handle_.response->has_header(key) : false;
}

inline Error Result::error() const { return handle_.error; }
inline Error Result::read_error() const { return handle_.get_read_error(); }
inline bool Result::has_read_error() const { return handle_.has_read_error(); }

inline bool Result::next() {
  if (!handle_.is_valid() || finished_) { return false; }

  if (buffer_.size() < chunk_size_) { buffer_.resize(chunk_size_); }

  ssize_t n = handle_.read(&buffer_[0], chunk_size_);
  if (n > 0) {
    current_size_ = static_cast<size_t>(n);
    return true;
  }

  current_size_ = 0;
  finished_ = true;
  return false;
}

inline const char *Result::data() const { return buffer_.data(); }
inline size_t Result::size() const { return current_size_; }

inline std::string Result::read_all() {
  std::string result;
  while (next()) {
    result.append(data(), size());
  }
  return result;
}

} // namespace stream

namespace sse {

// SSEMessage implementations
inline SSEMessage::SSEMessage() : event("message") {}

inline void SSEMessage::clear() {
  event = "message";
  data.clear();
  id.clear();
}

// SSEClient implementations
inline SSEClient::SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path)
    : client_(client), path_(path) {}

inline SSEClient::SSEClient(Client &client, const std::string &path,
                            const Headers &headers)
    : client_(client), path_(path), headers_(headers) {}

inline SSEClient::~SSEClient() { stop(); }

inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_message(MessageHandler handler) {
  on_message_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_event(const std::string &type,
                                      MessageHandler handler) {
  event_handlers_[type] = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_open(OpenHandler handler) {
  on_open_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline SSEClient &SSEClient::on_error(ErrorHandler handler) {
  on_error_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline SSEClient &SSEClient::set_reconnect_interval(int ms) {
  reconnect_interval_ms_ = ms;
  return *this;
}

inline SSEClient &SSEClient::set_max_reconnect_attempts(int n) {
  max_reconnect_attempts_ = n;
  return *this;
}

inline bool SSEClient::is_connected() const { return connected_.load(); }

inline const std::string &SSEClient::last_event_id() const {
  return last_event_id_;
}

inline void SSEClient::start() {
  running_.store(true);
  run_event_loop();
}

inline void SSEClient::start_async() {
  running_.store(true);
  async_thread_ = std::thread([this]() { run_event_loop(); });
}

inline void SSEClient::stop() {
  running_.store(false);
  client_.stop(); // Cancel any pending operations
  if (async_thread_.joinable()) { async_thread_.join(); }
}

inline bool SSEClient::parse_sse_line(const std::string &line, SSEMessage &msg,
                                      int &retry_ms) {
  // Blank line signals end of event
  if (line.empty() || line == "\r") { return true; }

  // Lines starting with ':' are comments (ignored)
  if (!line.empty() && line[0] == ':') { return false; }

  // Find the colon separator
  auto colon_pos = line.find(':');
  if (colon_pos == std::string::npos) {
    // Line with no colon is treated as field name with empty value
    return false;
  }

  auto field = line.substr(0, colon_pos);
  std::string value;

  // Value starts after colon, skip optional single space
  if (colon_pos + 1 < line.size()) {
    auto value_start = colon_pos + 1;
    if (line[value_start] == ' ') { value_start++; }
    value = line.substr(value_start);
    // Remove trailing \r if present
    if (!value.empty() && value.back() == '\r') { value.pop_back(); }
  }

  // Handle known fields
  if (field == "event") {
    msg.event = value;
  } else if (field == "data") {
    // Multiple data lines are concatenated with newlines
    if (!msg.data.empty()) { msg.data += "\n"; }
    msg.data += value;
  } else if (field == "id") {
    // Empty id is valid (clears the last event ID)
    msg.id = value;
  } else if (field == "retry") {
    // Parse retry interval in milliseconds
    {
      int v = 0;
      auto res =
          detail::from_chars(value.data(), value.data() + value.size(), v);
      if (res.ec == std::errc{}) { retry_ms = v; }
    }
  }
  // Unknown fields are ignored per SSE spec

  return false;
}

inline void SSEClient::run_event_loop() {
  auto reconnect_count = 0;

  while (running_.load()) {
    // Build headers, including Last-Event-ID if we have one
    auto request_headers = headers_;
    if (!last_event_id_.empty()) {
      request_headers.emplace("Last-Event-ID", last_event_id_);
    }

    // Open streaming connection
    auto result = stream::Get(client_, path_, request_headers);

    // Connection error handling
    if (!result) {
      connected_.store(false);
      if (on_error_) { on_error_(result.error()); }

      if (!should_reconnect(reconnect_count)) { break; }
      wait_for_reconnect();
      reconnect_count++;
      continue;
    }

    if (result.status() != 200) {
      connected_.store(false);
      // For certain errors, don't reconnect
      if (result.status() == 204 || // No Content - server wants us to stop
          result.status() == 404 || // Not Found
          result.status() == 401 || // Unauthorized
          result.status() == 403) { // Forbidden
        if (on_error_) { on_error_(Error::Connection); }
        break;
      }

      if (on_error_) { on_error_(Error::Connection); }

      if (!should_reconnect(reconnect_count)) { break; }
      wait_for_reconnect();
      reconnect_count++;
      continue;
    }

    // Connection successful
    connected_.store(true);
    reconnect_count = 0;
    if (on_open_) { on_open_(); }

    // Event receiving loop
    std::string buffer;
    SSEMessage current_msg;

    while (running_.load() && result.next()) {
      buffer.append(result.data(), result.size());

      // Process complete lines in the buffer
      size_t line_start = 0;
      size_t newline_pos;

      while ((newline_pos = buffer.find('\n', line_start)) !=
             std::string::npos) {
        auto line = buffer.substr(line_start, newline_pos - line_start);
        line_start = newline_pos + 1;

        // Parse the line and check if event is complete
        auto event_complete =
            parse_sse_line(line, current_msg, reconnect_interval_ms_);

        if (event_complete && !current_msg.data.empty()) {
          // Update last_event_id for reconnection
          if (!current_msg.id.empty()) { last_event_id_ = current_msg.id; }

          // Dispatch event to appropriate handler
          dispatch_event(current_msg);

          current_msg.clear();
        }
      }

      // Keep unprocessed data in buffer
      buffer.erase(0, line_start);
    }

    // Connection ended
    connected_.store(false);

    if (!running_.load()) { break; }

    // Check for read errors
    if (result.has_read_error()) {
      if (on_error_) { on_error_(result.read_error()); }
    }

    if (!should_reconnect(reconnect_count)) { break; }
    wait_for_reconnect();
    reconnect_count++;
  }

  connected_.store(false);
}

inline void SSEClient::dispatch_event(const SSEMessage &msg) {
  // Check for specific event type handler first
  auto it = event_handlers_.find(msg.event);
  if (it != event_handlers_.end()) {
    it->second(msg);
    return;
  }

  // Fall back to generic message handler
  if (on_message_) { on_message_(msg); }
}

inline bool SSEClient::should_reconnect(int count) const {
  if (!running_.load()) { return false; }
  if (max_reconnect_attempts_ == 0) { return true; } // unlimited
  return count < max_reconnect_attempts_;
}

inline void SSEClient::wait_for_reconnect() {
  // Use small increments to check running_ flag frequently
  auto waited = 0;
  while (running_.load() && waited < reconnect_interval_ms_) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
    waited += 100;
  }
}

} // namespace sse

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
/*
 * TLS abstraction layer - internal function declarations
 * These are implementation details and not part of the public API.
 */
namespace tls {

// Client context
ctx_t create_client_context();
void free_context(ctx_t ctx);
bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version);
bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len);
bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path);
bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path);
bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx);
bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
                         const char *password);
bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
                          const char *key_path, const char *password);

// Server context
ctx_t create_server_context();
bool set_server_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
                         const char *password);
bool set_server_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
                          const char *key_path, const char *password);
bool set_client_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_file, const char *ca_dir);
void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require);

// Session management
session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock);
void free_session(session_t session);
bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname);
bool set_hostname(session_t session, const char *hostname);

// Handshake (non-blocking capable)
TlsError connect(session_t session);
TlsError accept(session_t session);

// Handshake with timeout (blocking until timeout)
bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock, time_t timeout_sec,
                         time_t timeout_usec, TlsError *err);
bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock, time_t timeout_sec,
                        time_t timeout_usec, TlsError *err);

// I/O (non-blocking capable)
ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err);
ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err);
int pending(const_session_t session);
void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful);

// Connection state
bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock);

// Certificate verification
cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session);
void free_cert(cert_t cert);
bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname);
uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code();
long get_verify_result(const_session_t session);

// Certificate introspection
std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert);
std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert);
bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans);
bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after);
std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert);
bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der);
const char *get_sni(const_session_t session);

// CA store management
ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len);
void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store);
bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store);
size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs);
std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx);

// Dynamic certificate update (for servers)
bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem, const char *key_pem,
                        const char *password);
bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem);

// Certificate verification callback
bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback);
long get_verify_error(const_session_t session);
std::string verify_error_string(long error_code);

// TlsError information
uint64_t peek_error();
uint64_t get_error();
std::string error_string(uint64_t code);

} // namespace tls
#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

/*
 * Group 1: detail namespace - Non-SSL utilities
 */

namespace detail {

inline bool set_socket_opt_impl(socket_t sock, int level, int optname,
                                const void *optval, socklen_t optlen) {
  return setsockopt(sock, level, optname,
#ifdef _WIN32
                    reinterpret_cast<const char *>(optval),
#else
                    optval,
#endif
                    optlen) == 0;
}

inline bool set_socket_opt(socket_t sock, int level, int optname, int optval) {
  return set_socket_opt_impl(sock, level, optname, &optval, sizeof(optval));
}

inline bool set_socket_opt_time(socket_t sock, int level, int optname,
                                time_t sec, time_t usec) {
#ifdef _WIN32
  auto timeout = static_cast<uint32_t>(sec * 1000 + usec / 1000);
#else
  timeval timeout;
  timeout.tv_sec = static_cast<long>(sec);
  timeout.tv_usec = static_cast<decltype(timeout.tv_usec)>(usec);
#endif
  return set_socket_opt_impl(sock, level, optname, &timeout, sizeof(timeout));
}

inline bool is_hex(char c, int &v) {
  if (isdigit(c)) {
    v = c - '0';
    return true;
  } else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F') {
    v = c - 'A' + 10;
    return true;
  } else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f') {
    v = c - 'a' + 10;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

inline bool from_hex_to_i(const std::string &s, size_t i, size_t cnt,
                          int &val) {
  if (i >= s.size()) { return false; }

  val = 0;
  for (; cnt; i++, cnt--) {
    if (!s[i]) { return false; }
    auto v = 0;
    if (is_hex(s[i], v)) {
      val = val * 16 + v;
    } else {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return true;
}

inline std::string from_i_to_hex(size_t n) {
  static const auto charset = "0123456789abcdef";
  std::string ret;
  do {
    ret = charset[n & 15] + ret;
    n >>= 4;
  } while (n > 0);
  return ret;
}

inline std::string compute_etag(const FileStat &fs) {
  if (!fs.is_file()) { return std::string(); }

  // If mtime cannot be determined (negative value indicates an error
  // or sentinel), do not generate an ETag. Returning a neutral / fixed
  // value like 0 could collide with a real file that legitimately has
  // mtime == 0 (epoch) and lead to misleading validators.
  auto mtime_raw = fs.mtime();
  if (mtime_raw < 0) { return std::string(); }

  auto mtime = static_cast<size_t>(mtime_raw);
  auto size = fs.size();

  return std::string("W/\"") + from_i_to_hex(mtime) + "-" +
         from_i_to_hex(size) + "\"";
}

// Format time_t as HTTP-date (RFC 9110 Section 5.6.7): "Sun, 06 Nov 1994
// 08:49:37 GMT" This implementation is defensive: it validates `mtime`, checks
// return values from `gmtime_r`/`gmtime_s`, and ensures `strftime` succeeds.
inline std::string file_mtime_to_http_date(time_t mtime) {
  if (mtime < 0) { return std::string(); }

  struct tm tm_buf;
#ifdef _WIN32
  if (gmtime_s(&tm_buf, &mtime) != 0) { return std::string(); }
#else
  if (gmtime_r(&mtime, &tm_buf) == nullptr) { return std::string(); }
#endif
  char buf[64];
  if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", &tm_buf) == 0) {
    return std::string();
  }

  return std::string(buf);
}

// Parse HTTP-date (RFC 9110 Section 5.6.7) to time_t. Returns -1 on failure.
inline time_t parse_http_date(const std::string &date_str) {
  struct tm tm_buf;

  // Create a classic locale object once for all parsing attempts
  const std::locale classic_locale = std::locale::classic();

  // Try to parse using std::get_time (C++11, cross-platform)
  auto try_parse = [&](const char *fmt) -> bool {
    std::istringstream ss(date_str);
    ss.imbue(classic_locale);

    memset(&tm_buf, 0, sizeof(tm_buf));
    ss >> std::get_time(&tm_buf, fmt);

    return !ss.fail();
  };

  // RFC 9110 preferred format (HTTP-date): "Sun, 06 Nov 1994 08:49:37 GMT"
  if (!try_parse("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S")) {
    // RFC 850 format: "Sunday, 06-Nov-94 08:49:37 GMT"
    if (!try_parse("%A, %d-%b-%y %H:%M:%S")) {
      // asctime format: "Sun Nov  6 08:49:37 1994"
      if (!try_parse("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y")) {
        return static_cast<time_t>(-1);
      }
    }
  }

#ifdef _WIN32
  return _mkgmtime(&tm_buf);
#elif defined _AIX
  return mktime(&tm_buf);
#else
  return timegm(&tm_buf);
#endif
}

inline bool is_weak_etag(const std::string &s) {
  // Check if the string is a weak ETag (starts with 'W/"')
  return s.size() > 3 && s[0] == 'W' && s[1] == '/' && s[2] == '"';
}

inline bool is_strong_etag(const std::string &s) {
  // Check if the string is a strong ETag (starts and ends with '"', at least 2
  // chars)
  return s.size() >= 2 && s[0] == '"' && s.back() == '"';
}

inline size_t to_utf8(int code, char *buff) {
  if (code < 0x0080) {
    buff[0] = static_cast<char>(code & 0x7F);
    return 1;
  } else if (code < 0x0800) {
    buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xC0 | ((code >> 6) & 0x1F));
    buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
    return 2;
  } else if (code < 0xD800) {
    buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xE0 | ((code >> 12) & 0xF));
    buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
    buff[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
    return 3;
  } else if (code < 0xE000) { // D800 - DFFF is invalid...
    return 0;
  } else if (code < 0x10000) {
    buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xE0 | ((code >> 12) & 0xF));
    buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
    buff[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
    return 3;
  } else if (code < 0x110000) {
    buff[0] = static_cast<char>(0xF0 | ((code >> 18) & 0x7));
    buff[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 12) & 0x3F));
    buff[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
    buff[3] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
    return 4;
  }

  // NOTREACHED
  return 0;
}

} // namespace detail

namespace ws {
namespace impl {

inline bool is_valid_utf8(const std::string &s) {
  size_t i = 0;
  auto n = s.size();
  while (i < n) {
    auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(s[i]);
    size_t len;
    uint32_t cp;
    if (c < 0x80) {
      i++;
      continue;
    } else if ((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
      len = 2;
      cp = c & 0x1F;
    } else if ((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
      len = 3;
      cp = c & 0x0F;
    } else if ((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
      len = 4;
      cp = c & 0x07;
    } else {
      return false;
    }
    if (i + len > n) { return false; }
    for (size_t j = 1; j < len; j++) {
      auto b = static_cast<unsigned char>(s[i + j]);
      if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80) { return false; }
      cp = (cp << 6) | (b & 0x3F);
    }
    // Overlong encoding check
    if (len == 2 && cp < 0x80) { return false; }
    if (len == 3 && cp < 0x800) { return false; }
    if (len == 4 && cp < 0x10000) { return false; }
    // Surrogate halves (U+D800..U+DFFF) and beyond U+10FFFF are invalid
    if (cp >= 0xD800 && cp <= 0xDFFF) { return false; }
    if (cp > 0x10FFFF) { return false; }
    i += len;
  }
  return true;
}

} // namespace impl
} // namespace ws

namespace detail {

// NOTE: This code came up with the following stackoverflow post:
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/180947/base64-decode-snippet-in-c
inline std::string base64_encode(const std::string &in) {
  static const auto lookup =
      "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";

  std::string out;
  out.reserve(in.size());

  auto val = 0;
  auto valb = -6;

  for (auto c : in) {
    val = (val << 8) + static_cast<uint8_t>(c);
    valb += 8;
    while (valb >= 0) {
      out.push_back(lookup[(val >> valb) & 0x3F]);
      valb -= 6;
    }
  }

  if (valb > -6) { out.push_back(lookup[((val << 8) >> (valb + 8)) & 0x3F]); }

  while (out.size() % 4) {
    out.push_back('=');
  }

  return out;
}

inline std::string sha1(const std::string &input) {
  // RFC 3174 SHA-1 implementation
  auto left_rotate = [](uint32_t x, uint32_t n) -> uint32_t {
    return (x << n) | (x >> (32 - n));
  };

  uint32_t h0 = 0x67452301;
  uint32_t h1 = 0xEFCDAB89;
  uint32_t h2 = 0x98BADCFE;
  uint32_t h3 = 0x10325476;
  uint32_t h4 = 0xC3D2E1F0;

  // Pre-processing: adding padding bits
  std::string msg = input;
  uint64_t original_bit_len = static_cast<uint64_t>(msg.size()) * 8;
  msg.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80));
  while (msg.size() % 64 != 56) {
    msg.push_back(0);
  }

  // Append original length in bits as 64-bit big-endian
  for (int i = 56; i >= 0; i -= 8) {
    msg.push_back(static_cast<char>((original_bit_len >> i) & 0xFF));
  }

  // Process each 512-bit chunk
  for (size_t offset = 0; offset < msg.size(); offset += 64) {
    uint32_t w[80];

    for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
      w[i] =
          (static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4]))
           << 24) |
          (static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4 + 1]))
           << 16) |
          (static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4 + 2]))
           << 8) |
          (static_cast<uint32_t>(
              static_cast<uint8_t>(msg[offset + i * 4 + 3])));
    }

    for (int i = 16; i < 80; i++) {
      w[i] = left_rotate(w[i - 3] ^ w[i - 8] ^ w[i - 14] ^ w[i - 16], 1);
    }

    uint32_t a = h0, b = h1, c = h2, d = h3, e = h4;

    for (int i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
      uint32_t f, k;
      if (i < 20) {
        f = (b & c) | ((~b) & d);
        k = 0x5A827999;
      } else if (i < 40) {
        f = b ^ c ^ d;
        k = 0x6ED9EBA1;
      } else if (i < 60) {
        f = (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d);
        k = 0x8F1BBCDC;
      } else {
        f = b ^ c ^ d;
        k = 0xCA62C1D6;
      }

      uint32_t temp = left_rotate(a, 5) + f + e + k + w[i];
      e = d;
      d = c;
      c = left_rotate(b, 30);
      b = a;
      a = temp;
    }

    h0 += a;
    h1 += b;
    h2 += c;
    h3 += d;
    h4 += e;
  }

  // Produce the final hash as a 20-byte binary string
  std::string hash(20, '\0');
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    hash[i] = static_cast<char>((h0 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
    hash[4 + i] = static_cast<char>((h1 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
    hash[8 + i] = static_cast<char>((h2 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
    hash[12 + i] = static_cast<char>((h3 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
    hash[16 + i] = static_cast<char>((h4 >> (24 - i * 8)) & 0xFF);
  }
  return hash;
}

inline std::string websocket_accept_key(const std::string &client_key) {
  const std::string magic = "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11";
  return base64_encode(sha1(client_key + magic));
}

inline bool is_websocket_upgrade(const Request &req) {
  if (req.method != "GET") { return false; }

  // Check Upgrade: websocket (case-insensitive)
  auto upgrade_it = req.headers.find("Upgrade");
  if (upgrade_it == req.headers.end()) { return false; }
  auto upgrade_val = case_ignore::to_lower(upgrade_it->second);
  if (upgrade_val != "websocket") { return false; }

  // Check Connection header contains "Upgrade"
  auto connection_it = req.headers.find("Connection");
  if (connection_it == req.headers.end()) { return false; }
  auto connection_val = case_ignore::to_lower(connection_it->second);
  if (connection_val.find("upgrade") == std::string::npos) { return false; }

  // Check Sec-WebSocket-Key is a valid base64-encoded 16-byte value (24 chars)
  // RFC 6455 Section 4.2.1
  auto ws_key = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Key");
  if (ws_key.size() != 24 || ws_key[22] != '=' || ws_key[23] != '=') {
    return false;
  }
  static const std::string b64chars =
      "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 22; i++) {
    if (b64chars.find(ws_key[i]) == std::string::npos) { return false; }
  }

  // Check Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
  auto version = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Version");
  if (version != "13") { return false; }

  return true;
}

inline bool write_websocket_frame(Stream &strm, ws::Opcode opcode,
                                  const char *data, size_t len, bool fin,
                                  bool mask) {
  // First byte: FIN + opcode
  uint8_t header[2];
  header[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>((fin ? 0x80 : 0x00) |
                                   (static_cast<uint8_t>(opcode) & 0x0F));

  // Second byte: MASK + payload length
  if (len < 126) {
    header[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(len);
    if (mask) { header[1] |= 0x80; }
    if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(header), 2) < 0) { return false; }
  } else if (len <= 0xFFFF) {
    header[1] = 126;
    if (mask) { header[1] |= 0x80; }
    if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(header), 2) < 0) { return false; }
    uint8_t ext[2];
    ext[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>((len >> 8) & 0xFF);
    ext[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(len & 0xFF);
    if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(ext), 2) < 0) { return false; }
  } else {
    header[1] = 127;
    if (mask) { header[1] |= 0x80; }
    if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(header), 2) < 0) { return false; }
    uint8_t ext[8];
    for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
      ext[7 - i] = static_cast<uint8_t>((len >> (i * 8)) & 0xFF);
    }
    if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(ext), 8) < 0) { return false; }
  }

  if (mask) {
    // Generate random mask key
    thread_local std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}());
    uint8_t mask_key[4];
    auto r = rng();
    std::memcpy(mask_key, &r, 4);
    if (strm.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(mask_key), 4) < 0) { return false; }

    // Write masked payload in chunks
    const size_t chunk_size = 4096;
    std::vector<char> buf((std::min)(len, chunk_size));
    for (size_t offset = 0; offset < len; offset += chunk_size) {
      size_t n = (std::min)(chunk_size, len - offset);
      for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        buf[i] =
            data[offset + i] ^ static_cast<char>(mask_key[(offset + i) % 4]);
      }
      if (strm.write(buf.data(), n) < 0) { return false; }
    }
  } else {
    if (len > 0) {
      if (strm.write(data, len) < 0) { return false; }
    }
  }

  return true;
}

} // namespace detail

namespace ws {
namespace impl {

inline bool read_websocket_frame(Stream &strm, Opcode &opcode,
                                 std::string &payload, bool &fin,
                                 bool expect_masked, size_t max_len) {
  // Read first 2 bytes
  uint8_t header[2];
  if (strm.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(header), 2) != 2) { return false; }

  fin = (header[0] & 0x80) != 0;

  // RSV1, RSV2, RSV3 must be 0 when no extension is negotiated
  if (header[0] & 0x70) { return false; }

  opcode = static_cast<Opcode>(header[0] & 0x0F);
  bool masked = (header[1] & 0x80) != 0;
  uint64_t payload_len = header[1] & 0x7F;

  // RFC 6455 Section 5.5: control frames MUST NOT be fragmented and
  // MUST have a payload length of 125 bytes or less
  bool is_control = (static_cast<uint8_t>(opcode) & 0x08) != 0;
  if (is_control) {
    if (!fin) { return false; }
    if (payload_len > 125) { return false; }
  }

  if (masked != expect_masked) { return false; }

  // Extended payload length
  if (payload_len == 126) {
    uint8_t ext[2];
    if (strm.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(ext), 2) != 2) { return false; }
    payload_len = (static_cast<uint64_t>(ext[0]) << 8) | ext[1];
  } else if (payload_len == 127) {
    uint8_t ext[8];
    if (strm.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(ext), 8) != 8) { return false; }
    // RFC 6455 Section 5.2: the most significant bit MUST be 0
    if (ext[0] & 0x80) { return false; }
    payload_len = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
      payload_len = (payload_len << 8) | ext[i];
    }
  }

  if (payload_len > max_len) { return false; }

  // Read mask key if present
  uint8_t mask_key[4] = {0};
  if (masked) {
    if (strm.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(mask_key), 4) != 4) { return false; }
  }

  // Read payload
  payload.resize(static_cast<size_t>(payload_len));
  if (payload_len > 0) {
    size_t total_read = 0;
    while (total_read < payload_len) {
      auto n = strm.read(&payload[total_read],
                         static_cast<size_t>(payload_len - total_read));
      if (n <= 0) { return false; }
      total_read += static_cast<size_t>(n);
    }
  }

  // Unmask if needed
  if (masked) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < payload.size(); i++) {
      payload[i] ^= static_cast<char>(mask_key[i % 4]);
    }
  }

  return true;
}

} // namespace impl
} // namespace ws

namespace detail {

inline bool is_valid_path(const std::string &path) {
  size_t level = 0;
  size_t i = 0;

  // Skip slash
  while (i < path.size() && path[i] == '/') {
    i++;
  }

  while (i < path.size()) {
    // Read component
    auto beg = i;
    while (i < path.size() && path[i] != '/') {
      if (path[i] == '\0') {
        return false;
      } else if (path[i] == '\\') {
        return false;
      }
      i++;
    }

    auto len = i - beg;
    assert(len > 0);

    if (!path.compare(beg, len, ".")) {
      ;
    } else if (!path.compare(beg, len, "..")) {
      if (level == 0) { return false; }
      level--;
    } else {
      level++;
    }

    // Skip slash
    while (i < path.size() && path[i] == '/') {
      i++;
    }
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool canonicalize_path(const char *path, std::string &resolved) {
#if defined(_WIN32)
  char buf[_MAX_PATH];
  if (_fullpath(buf, path, _MAX_PATH) == nullptr) { return false; }
  resolved = buf;
#else
  char buf[PATH_MAX];
  if (realpath(path, buf) == nullptr) { return false; }
  resolved = buf;
#endif
  return true;
}

inline bool is_path_within_base(const std::string &resolved_path,
                                const std::string &resolved_base) {
#if defined(_WIN32)
  return _strnicmp(resolved_path.c_str(), resolved_base.c_str(),
                   resolved_base.size()) == 0;
#else
  return strncmp(resolved_path.c_str(), resolved_base.c_str(),
                 resolved_base.size()) == 0;
#endif
}

inline FileStat::FileStat(const std::string &path) {
#if defined(_WIN32)
  auto wpath = u8string_to_wstring(path.c_str());
  ret_ = _wstat(wpath.c_str(), &st_);
#else
  ret_ = stat(path.c_str(), &st_);
#endif
}
inline bool FileStat::is_file() const {
  return ret_ >= 0 && S_ISREG(st_.st_mode);
}
inline bool FileStat::is_dir() const {
  return ret_ >= 0 && S_ISDIR(st_.st_mode);
}

inline time_t FileStat::mtime() const {
  return ret_ >= 0 ? static_cast<time_t>(st_.st_mtime)
                   : static_cast<time_t>(-1);
}

inline size_t FileStat::size() const {
  return ret_ >= 0 ? static_cast<size_t>(st_.st_size) : 0;
}

inline std::string encode_path(const std::string &s) {
  std::string result;
  result.reserve(s.size());

  for (size_t i = 0; s[i]; i++) {
    switch (s[i]) {
    case ' ': result += "%20"; break;
    case '+': result += "%2B"; break;
    case '\r': result += "%0D"; break;
    case '\n': result += "%0A"; break;
    case '\'': result += "%27"; break;
    case ',': result += "%2C"; break;
    // case ':': result += "%3A"; break; // ok? probably...
    case ';': result += "%3B"; break;
    default:
      auto c = static_cast<uint8_t>(s[i]);
      if (c >= 0x80) {
        result += '%';
        char hex[4];
        auto len = snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex) - 1, "%02X", c);
        assert(len == 2);
        result.append(hex, static_cast<size_t>(len));
      } else {
        result += s[i];
      }
      break;
    }
  }

  return result;
}

inline std::string file_extension(const std::string &path) {
  std::smatch m;
  thread_local auto re = std::regex("\\.([a-zA-Z0-9]+)$");
  if (std::regex_search(path, m, re)) { return m[1].str(); }
  return std::string();
}

inline bool is_space_or_tab(char c) { return c == ' ' || c == '\t'; }

template <typename T>
inline bool parse_header(const char *beg, const char *end, T fn);

template <typename T>
inline bool parse_header(const char *beg, const char *end, T fn) {
  // Skip trailing spaces and tabs.
  while (beg < end && is_space_or_tab(end[-1])) {
    end--;
  }

  auto p = beg;
  while (p < end && *p != ':') {
    p++;
  }

  auto name = std::string(beg, p);
  if (!detail::fields::is_field_name(name)) { return false; }

  if (p == end) { return false; }

  auto key_end = p;

  if (*p++ != ':') { return false; }

  while (p < end && is_space_or_tab(*p)) {
    p++;
  }

  if (p <= end) {
    auto key_len = key_end - beg;
    if (!key_len) { return false; }

    auto key = std::string(beg, key_end);
    auto val = std::string(p, end);

    if (!detail::fields::is_field_value(val)) { return false; }

    if (case_ignore::equal(key, "Location") ||
        case_ignore::equal(key, "Referer")) {
      fn(key, val);
    } else {
      fn(key, decode_path_component(val));
    }

    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

inline bool parse_trailers(stream_line_reader &line_reader, Headers &dest,
                           const Headers &src_headers) {
  // NOTE: In RFC 9112, '7.1 Chunked Transfer Coding' mentions "The chunked
  // transfer coding is complete when a chunk with a chunk-size of zero is
  // received, possibly followed by a trailer section, and finally terminated by
  // an empty line". https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9112.html#section-7.1
  //
  // In '7.1.3. Decoding Chunked', however, the pseudo-code in the section
  // doesn't care for the existence of the final CRLF. In other words, it seems
  // to be ok whether the final CRLF exists or not in the chunked data.
  // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9112.html#section-7.1.3
  //
  // According to the reference code in RFC 9112, cpp-httplib now allows
  // chunked transfer coding data without the final CRLF.

  // RFC 7230 Section 4.1.2 - Headers prohibited in trailers
  thread_local case_ignore::unordered_set<std::string> prohibited_trailers = {
      "transfer-encoding",
      "content-length",
      "host",
      "authorization",
      "www-authenticate",
      "proxy-authenticate",
      "proxy-authorization",
      "cookie",
      "set-cookie",
      "cache-control",
      "expect",
      "max-forwards",
      "pragma",
      "range",
      "te",
      "age",
      "expires",
      "date",
      "location",
      "retry-after",
      "vary",
      "warning",
      "content-encoding",
      "content-type",
      "content-range",
      "trailer"};

  case_ignore::unordered_set<std::string> declared_trailers;
  auto trailer_header = get_header_value(src_headers, "Trailer", "", 0);
  if (trailer_header && std::strlen(trailer_header)) {
    auto len = std::strlen(trailer_header);
    split(trailer_header, trailer_header + len, ',',
          [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
            const char *kbeg = b;
            const char *kend = e;
            while (kbeg < kend && (*kbeg == ' ' || *kbeg == '\t')) {
              ++kbeg;
            }
            while (kend > kbeg && (kend[-1] == ' ' || kend[-1] == '\t')) {
              --kend;
            }
            std::string key(kbeg, static_cast<size_t>(kend - kbeg));
            if (!key.empty() &&
                prohibited_trailers.find(key) == prohibited_trailers.end()) {
              declared_trailers.insert(key);
            }
          });
  }

  size_t trailer_header_count = 0;
  while (strcmp(line_reader.ptr(), "\r\n") != 0) {
    if (line_reader.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH) { return false; }
    if (trailer_header_count >= CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT) { return false; }

    constexpr auto line_terminator_len = 2;
    auto line_beg = line_reader.ptr();
    auto line_end =
        line_reader.ptr() + line_reader.size() - line_terminator_len;

    if (!parse_header(line_beg, line_end,
                      [&](const std::string &key, const std::string &val) {
                        if (declared_trailers.find(key) !=
                            declared_trailers.end()) {
                          dest.emplace(key, val);
                          trailer_header_count++;
                        }
                      })) {
      return false;
    }

    if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }
  }

  return true;
}

inline std::pair<size_t, size_t> trim(const char *b, const char *e, size_t left,
                                      size_t right) {
  while (b + left < e && is_space_or_tab(b[left])) {
    left++;
  }
  while (right > 0 && is_space_or_tab(b[right - 1])) {
    right--;
  }
  return std::make_pair(left, right);
}

inline std::string trim_copy(const std::string &s) {
  auto r = trim(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), 0, s.size());
  return s.substr(r.first, r.second - r.first);
}

inline std::string trim_double_quotes_copy(const std::string &s) {
  if (s.length() >= 2 && s.front() == '"' && s.back() == '"') {
    return s.substr(1, s.size() - 2);
  }
  return s;
}

inline void
divide(const char *data, std::size_t size, char d,
       std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
           fn) {
  const auto it = std::find(data, data + size, d);
  const auto found = static_cast<std::size_t>(it != data + size);
  const auto lhs_data = data;
  const auto lhs_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(it - data);
  const auto rhs_data = it + found;
  const auto rhs_size = size - lhs_size - found;

  fn(lhs_data, lhs_size, rhs_data, rhs_size);
}

inline void
divide(const std::string &str, char d,
       std::function<void(const char *, std::size_t, const char *, std::size_t)>
           fn) {
  divide(str.data(), str.size(), d, std::move(fn));
}

inline void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
                  std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
  return split(b, e, d, (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(), std::move(fn));
}

inline void split(const char *b, const char *e, char d, size_t m,
                  std::function<void(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
  size_t i = 0;
  size_t beg = 0;
  size_t count = 1;

  while (e ? (b + i < e) : (b[i] != '\0')) {
    if (b[i] == d && count < m) {
      auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
      if (r.first < r.second) { fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]); }
      beg = i + 1;
      count++;
    }
    i++;
  }

  if (i) {
    auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
    if (r.first < r.second) { fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]); }
  }
}

inline bool split_find(const char *b, const char *e, char d, size_t m,
                       std::function<bool(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
  size_t i = 0;
  size_t beg = 0;
  size_t count = 1;

  while (e ? (b + i < e) : (b[i] != '\0')) {
    if (b[i] == d && count < m) {
      auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
      if (r.first < r.second) {
        auto found = fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]);
        if (found) { return true; }
      }
      beg = i + 1;
      count++;
    }
    i++;
  }

  if (i) {
    auto r = trim(b, e, beg, i);
    if (r.first < r.second) {
      auto found = fn(&b[r.first], &b[r.second]);
      if (found) { return true; }
    }
  }

  return false;
}

inline bool split_find(const char *b, const char *e, char d,
                       std::function<bool(const char *, const char *)> fn) {
  return split_find(b, e, d, (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(),
                    std::move(fn));
}

inline stream_line_reader::stream_line_reader(Stream &strm, char *fixed_buffer,
                                              size_t fixed_buffer_size)
    : strm_(strm), fixed_buffer_(fixed_buffer),
      fixed_buffer_size_(fixed_buffer_size) {}

inline const char *stream_line_reader::ptr() const {
  if (growable_buffer_.empty()) {
    return fixed_buffer_;
  } else {
    return growable_buffer_.data();
  }
}

inline size_t stream_line_reader::size() const {
  if (growable_buffer_.empty()) {
    return fixed_buffer_used_size_;
  } else {
    return growable_buffer_.size();
  }
}

inline bool stream_line_reader::end_with_crlf() const {
  auto end = ptr() + size();
  return size() >= 2 && end[-2] == '\r' && end[-1] == '\n';
}

inline bool stream_line_reader::getline() {
  fixed_buffer_used_size_ = 0;
  growable_buffer_.clear();

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
  char prev_byte = 0;
#endif

  for (size_t i = 0;; i++) {
    if (size() >= CPPHTTPLIB_MAX_LINE_LENGTH) {
      // Treat exceptionally long lines as an error to
      // prevent infinite loops/memory exhaustion
      return false;
    }
    char byte;
    auto n = strm_.read(&byte, 1);

    if (n < 0) {
      return false;
    } else if (n == 0) {
      if (i == 0) {
        return false;
      } else {
        break;
      }
    }

    append(byte);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
    if (byte == '\n') { break; }
#else
    if (prev_byte == '\r' && byte == '\n') { break; }
    prev_byte = byte;
#endif
  }

  return true;
}

inline void stream_line_reader::append(char c) {
  if (fixed_buffer_used_size_ < fixed_buffer_size_ - 1) {
    fixed_buffer_[fixed_buffer_used_size_++] = c;
    fixed_buffer_[fixed_buffer_used_size_] = '\0';
  } else {
    if (growable_buffer_.empty()) {
      assert(fixed_buffer_[fixed_buffer_used_size_] == '\0');
      growable_buffer_.assign(fixed_buffer_, fixed_buffer_used_size_);
    }
    growable_buffer_ += c;
  }
}

inline mmap::mmap(const char *path) { open(path); }

inline mmap::~mmap() { close(); }

inline bool mmap::open(const char *path) {
  close();

#if defined(_WIN32)
  auto wpath = u8string_to_wstring(path);
  if (wpath.empty()) { return false; }

  hFile_ = ::CreateFile2(wpath.c_str(), GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ,
                         OPEN_EXISTING, NULL);

  if (hFile_ == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { return false; }

  LARGE_INTEGER size{};
  if (!::GetFileSizeEx(hFile_, &size)) { return false; }
  // If the following line doesn't compile due to QuadPart, update Windows SDK.
  // See:
  // https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib/issues/1903#issuecomment-2316520721
  if (static_cast<ULONGLONG>(size.QuadPart) >
      (std::numeric_limits<decltype(size_)>::max)()) {
    // `size_t` might be 32-bits, on 32-bits Windows.
    return false;
  }
  size_ = static_cast<size_t>(size.QuadPart);

  hMapping_ =
      ::CreateFileMappingFromApp(hFile_, NULL, PAGE_READONLY, size_, NULL);

  // Special treatment for an empty file...
  if (hMapping_ == NULL && size_ == 0) {
    close();
    is_open_empty_file = true;
    return true;
  }

  if (hMapping_ == NULL) {
    close();
    return false;
  }

  addr_ = ::MapViewOfFileFromApp(hMapping_, FILE_MAP_READ, 0, 0);

  if (addr_ == nullptr) {
    close();
    return false;
  }
#else
  fd_ = ::open(path, O_RDONLY);
  if (fd_ == -1) { return false; }

  struct stat sb;
  if (fstat(fd_, &sb) == -1) {
    close();
    return false;
  }
  size_ = static_cast<size_t>(sb.st_size);

  addr_ = ::mmap(NULL, size_, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd_, 0);

  // Special treatment for an empty file...
  if (addr_ == MAP_FAILED && size_ == 0) {
    close();
    is_open_empty_file = true;
    return false;
  }
#endif

  return true;
}

inline bool mmap::is_open() const {
  return is_open_empty_file ? true : addr_ != nullptr;
}

inline size_t mmap::size() const { return size_; }

inline const char *mmap::data() const {
  return is_open_empty_file ? "" : static_cast<const char *>(addr_);
}

inline void mmap::close() {
#if defined(_WIN32)
  if (addr_) {
    ::UnmapViewOfFile(addr_);
    addr_ = nullptr;
  }

  if (hMapping_) {
    ::CloseHandle(hMapping_);
    hMapping_ = NULL;
  }

  if (hFile_ != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
    ::CloseHandle(hFile_);
    hFile_ = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
  }

  is_open_empty_file = false;
#else
  if (addr_ != nullptr) {
    munmap(addr_, size_);
    addr_ = nullptr;
  }

  if (fd_ != -1) {
    ::close(fd_);
    fd_ = -1;
  }
#endif
  size_ = 0;
}
inline int close_socket(socket_t sock) {
#ifdef _WIN32
  return closesocket(sock);
#else
  return close(sock);
#endif
}

template <typename T> inline ssize_t handle_EINTR(T fn) {
  ssize_t res = 0;
  while (true) {
    res = fn();
    if (res < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{1});
      continue;
    }
    break;
  }
  return res;
}

inline ssize_t read_socket(socket_t sock, void *ptr, size_t size, int flags) {
  return handle_EINTR([&]() {
    return recv(sock,
#ifdef _WIN32
                static_cast<char *>(ptr), static_cast<int>(size),
#else
                ptr, size,
#endif
                flags);
  });
}

inline ssize_t send_socket(socket_t sock, const void *ptr, size_t size,
                           int flags) {
  return handle_EINTR([&]() {
    return send(sock,
#ifdef _WIN32
                static_cast<const char *>(ptr), static_cast<int>(size),
#else
                ptr, size,
#endif
                flags);
  });
}

inline int poll_wrapper(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout) {
#ifdef _WIN32
  return ::WSAPoll(fds, nfds, timeout);
#else
  return ::poll(fds, nfds, timeout);
#endif
}

inline ssize_t select_impl(socket_t sock, short events, time_t sec,
                           time_t usec) {
  struct pollfd pfd;
  pfd.fd = sock;
  pfd.events = events;
  pfd.revents = 0;

  auto timeout = static_cast<int>(sec * 1000 + usec / 1000);

  return handle_EINTR([&]() { return poll_wrapper(&pfd, 1, timeout); });
}

inline ssize_t select_read(socket_t sock, time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  return select_impl(sock, POLLIN, sec, usec);
}

inline ssize_t select_write(socket_t sock, time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  return select_impl(sock, POLLOUT, sec, usec);
}

inline Error wait_until_socket_is_ready(socket_t sock, time_t sec,
                                        time_t usec) {
  struct pollfd pfd_read;
  pfd_read.fd = sock;
  pfd_read.events = POLLIN | POLLOUT;
  pfd_read.revents = 0;

  auto timeout = static_cast<int>(sec * 1000 + usec / 1000);

  auto poll_res =
      handle_EINTR([&]() { return poll_wrapper(&pfd_read, 1, timeout); });

  if (poll_res == 0) { return Error::ConnectionTimeout; }

  if (poll_res > 0 && pfd_read.revents & (POLLIN | POLLOUT)) {
    auto error = 0;
    socklen_t len = sizeof(error);
    auto res = getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
                          reinterpret_cast<char *>(&error), &len);
    auto successful = res >= 0 && !error;
    return successful ? Error::Success : Error::Connection;
  }

  return Error::Connection;
}

inline bool is_socket_alive(socket_t sock) {
  const auto val = detail::select_read(sock, 0, 0);
  if (val == 0) {
    return true;
  } else if (val < 0 && errno == EBADF) {
    return false;
  }
  char buf[1];
  return detail::read_socket(sock, &buf[0], sizeof(buf), MSG_PEEK) > 0;
}

class SocketStream final : public Stream {
public:
  SocketStream(socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
               time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
               time_t max_timeout_msec = 0,
               std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time =
                   (std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min)());
  ~SocketStream() override;

  bool is_readable() const override;
  bool wait_readable() const override;
  bool wait_writable() const override;
  bool is_peer_alive() const override;
  ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override;
  ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override;
  void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
  void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
  socket_t socket() const override;
  time_t duration() const override;
  void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0) override;

private:
  socket_t sock_;
  time_t read_timeout_sec_;
  time_t read_timeout_usec_;
  time_t write_timeout_sec_;
  time_t write_timeout_usec_;
  time_t max_timeout_msec_;
  const std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_;

  std::vector<char> read_buff_;
  size_t read_buff_off_ = 0;
  size_t read_buff_content_size_ = 0;

  static const size_t read_buff_size_ = 1024l * 4;
};

inline bool keep_alive(const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, socket_t sock,
                       time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec) {
  using namespace std::chrono;

  const auto interval_usec =
      CPPHTTPLIB_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_CHECK_INTERVAL_USECOND;

  // Avoid expensive `steady_clock::now()` call for the first time
  if (select_read(sock, 0, interval_usec) > 0) { return true; }

  const auto start = steady_clock::now() - microseconds{interval_usec};
  const auto timeout = seconds{keep_alive_timeout_sec};

  while (true) {
    if (svr_sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
      break; // Server socket is closed
    }

    auto val = select_read(sock, 0, interval_usec);
    if (val < 0) {
      break; // Ssocket error
    } else if (val == 0) {
      if (steady_clock::now() - start > timeout) {
        break; // Timeout
      }
    } else {
      return true; // Ready for read
    }
  }

  return false;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool
process_server_socket_core(const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, socket_t sock,
                           size_t keep_alive_max_count,
                           time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec, T callback) {
  assert(keep_alive_max_count > 0);
  auto ret = false;
  auto count = keep_alive_max_count;
  while (count > 0 && keep_alive(svr_sock, sock, keep_alive_timeout_sec)) {
    auto close_connection = count == 1;
    auto connection_closed = false;
    ret = callback(close_connection, connection_closed);
    if (!ret || connection_closed) { break; }
    count--;
  }
  return ret;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool
process_server_socket(const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, socket_t sock,
                      size_t keep_alive_max_count,
                      time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_sec,
                      time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
                      time_t write_timeout_usec, T callback) {
  return process_server_socket_core(
      svr_sock, sock, keep_alive_max_count, keep_alive_timeout_sec,
      [&](bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
        SocketStream strm(sock, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
                          write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec);
        return callback(strm, close_connection, connection_closed);
      });
}

inline bool process_client_socket(
    socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
    time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
    time_t max_timeout_msec,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
    std::function<bool(Stream &)> callback) {
  SocketStream strm(sock, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
                    write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec, max_timeout_msec,
                    start_time);
  return callback(strm);
}

inline int shutdown_socket(socket_t sock) {
#ifdef _WIN32
  return shutdown(sock, SD_BOTH);
#else
  return shutdown(sock, SHUT_RDWR);
#endif
}

inline std::string escape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(const std::string &s) {
  if (s.size() > 1 && s[0] == '\0') {
    auto ret = s;
    ret[0] = '@';
    return ret;
  }
  return s;
}

inline std::string
unescape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(const std::string &s) {
  if (s.size() > 1 && s[0] == '@') {
    auto ret = s;
    ret[0] = '\0';
    return ret;
  }
  return s;
}

inline int getaddrinfo_with_timeout(const char *node, const char *service,
                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
                                    struct addrinfo **res, time_t timeout_sec) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO
  if (timeout_sec <= 0) {
    // No timeout specified, use standard getaddrinfo
    return getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
  }

#ifdef _WIN32
  // Windows-specific implementation using GetAddrInfoEx with overlapped I/O
  OVERLAPPED overlapped = {0};
  HANDLE event = CreateEventW(nullptr, TRUE, FALSE, nullptr);
  if (!event) { return EAI_FAIL; }

  overlapped.hEvent = event;

  PADDRINFOEXW result_addrinfo = nullptr;
  HANDLE cancel_handle = nullptr;

  ADDRINFOEXW hints_ex = {0};
  if (hints) {
    hints_ex.ai_flags = hints->ai_flags;
    hints_ex.ai_family = hints->ai_family;
    hints_ex.ai_socktype = hints->ai_socktype;
    hints_ex.ai_protocol = hints->ai_protocol;
  }

  auto wnode = u8string_to_wstring(node);
  auto wservice = u8string_to_wstring(service);

  auto ret = ::GetAddrInfoExW(wnode.data(), wservice.data(), NS_DNS, nullptr,
                              hints ? &hints_ex : nullptr, &result_addrinfo,
                              nullptr, &overlapped, nullptr, &cancel_handle);

  if (ret == WSA_IO_PENDING) {
    auto wait_result =
        ::WaitForSingleObject(event, static_cast<DWORD>(timeout_sec * 1000));
    if (wait_result == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
      if (cancel_handle) { ::GetAddrInfoExCancel(&cancel_handle); }
      ::CloseHandle(event);
      return EAI_AGAIN;
    }

    DWORD bytes_returned;
    if (!::GetOverlappedResult((HANDLE)INVALID_SOCKET, &overlapped,
                               &bytes_returned, FALSE)) {
      ::CloseHandle(event);
      return ::WSAGetLastError();
    }
  }

  ::CloseHandle(event);

  if (ret == NO_ERROR || ret == WSA_IO_PENDING) {
    *res = reinterpret_cast<struct addrinfo *>(result_addrinfo);
    return 0;
  }

  return ret;
#elif TARGET_OS_MAC
  if (!node) { return EAI_NONAME; }
  // macOS implementation using CFHost API for asynchronous DNS resolution
  CFStringRef hostname_ref = CFStringCreateWithCString(
      kCFAllocatorDefault, node, kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
  if (!hostname_ref) { return EAI_MEMORY; }

  CFHostRef host_ref = CFHostCreateWithName(kCFAllocatorDefault, hostname_ref);
  CFRelease(hostname_ref);
  if (!host_ref) { return EAI_MEMORY; }

  // Set up context for callback
  struct CFHostContext {
    bool completed = false;
    bool success = false;
    CFArrayRef addresses = nullptr;
    std::mutex mutex;
    std::condition_variable cv;
  } context;

  CFHostClientContext client_context;
  memset(&client_context, 0, sizeof(client_context));
  client_context.info = &context;

  // Set callback
  auto callback = [](CFHostRef theHost, CFHostInfoType /*typeInfo*/,
                     const CFStreamError *error, void *info) {
    auto ctx = static_cast<CFHostContext *>(info);
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ctx->mutex);

    if (error && error->error != 0) {
      ctx->success = false;
    } else {
      Boolean hasBeenResolved;
      ctx->addresses = CFHostGetAddressing(theHost, &hasBeenResolved);
      if (ctx->addresses && hasBeenResolved) {
        CFRetain(ctx->addresses);
        ctx->success = true;
      } else {
        ctx->success = false;
      }
    }
    ctx->completed = true;
    ctx->cv.notify_one();
  };

  if (!CFHostSetClient(host_ref, callback, &client_context)) {
    CFRelease(host_ref);
    return EAI_SYSTEM;
  }

  // Schedule on run loop
  CFRunLoopRef run_loop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
  CFHostScheduleWithRunLoop(host_ref, run_loop, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);

  // Start resolution
  CFStreamError stream_error;
  if (!CFHostStartInfoResolution(host_ref, kCFHostAddresses, &stream_error)) {
    CFHostUnscheduleFromRunLoop(host_ref, run_loop, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
    CFRelease(host_ref);
    return EAI_FAIL;
  }

  // Wait for completion with timeout
  auto timeout_time =
      std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + std::chrono::seconds(timeout_sec);
  bool timed_out = false;

  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(context.mutex);

    while (!context.completed) {
      auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
      if (now >= timeout_time) {
        timed_out = true;
        break;
      }

      // Run the runloop for a short time
      lock.unlock();
      CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 0.1, true);
      lock.lock();
    }
  }

  // Clean up
  CFHostUnscheduleFromRunLoop(host_ref, run_loop, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
  CFHostSetClient(host_ref, nullptr, nullptr);

  if (timed_out || !context.completed) {
    CFHostCancelInfoResolution(host_ref, kCFHostAddresses);
    CFRelease(host_ref);
    return EAI_AGAIN;
  }

  if (!context.success || !context.addresses) {
    CFRelease(host_ref);
    return EAI_NODATA;
  }

  // Convert CFArray to addrinfo
  CFIndex count = CFArrayGetCount(context.addresses);
  if (count == 0) {
    CFRelease(context.addresses);
    CFRelease(host_ref);
    return EAI_NODATA;
  }

  struct addrinfo *result_addrinfo = nullptr;
  struct addrinfo **current = &result_addrinfo;

  for (CFIndex i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    CFDataRef addr_data =
        static_cast<CFDataRef>(CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(context.addresses, i));
    if (!addr_data) continue;

    const struct sockaddr *sockaddr_ptr =
        reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr *>(CFDataGetBytePtr(addr_data));
    socklen_t sockaddr_len = static_cast<socklen_t>(CFDataGetLength(addr_data));

    // Allocate addrinfo structure
    *current = static_cast<struct addrinfo *>(malloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo)));
    if (!*current) {
      freeaddrinfo(result_addrinfo);
      CFRelease(context.addresses);
      CFRelease(host_ref);
      return EAI_MEMORY;
    }

    memset(*current, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));

    // Set up addrinfo fields
    (*current)->ai_family = sockaddr_ptr->sa_family;
    (*current)->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : SOCK_STREAM;
    (*current)->ai_protocol = hints ? hints->ai_protocol : IPPROTO_TCP;
    (*current)->ai_addrlen = sockaddr_len;

    // Copy sockaddr
    (*current)->ai_addr = static_cast<struct sockaddr *>(malloc(sockaddr_len));
    if (!(*current)->ai_addr) {
      freeaddrinfo(result_addrinfo);
      CFRelease(context.addresses);
      CFRelease(host_ref);
      return EAI_MEMORY;
    }
    memcpy((*current)->ai_addr, sockaddr_ptr, sockaddr_len);

    // Set port if service is specified
    if (service && *service) {
      int port = 0;
      if (parse_port(service, strlen(service), port)) {
        if (sockaddr_ptr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
          reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in *>((*current)->ai_addr)
              ->sin_port = htons(static_cast<uint16_t>(port));
        } else if (sockaddr_ptr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
          reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 *>((*current)->ai_addr)
              ->sin6_port = htons(static_cast<uint16_t>(port));
        }
      }
    }

    current = &((*current)->ai_next);
  }

  CFRelease(context.addresses);
  CFRelease(host_ref);

  *res = result_addrinfo;
  return 0;
#elif defined(_GNU_SOURCE) && defined(__GLIBC__) &&                            \
    (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 2))
  // Linux implementation using getaddrinfo_a for asynchronous DNS resolution
  struct gaicb request;
  struct gaicb *requests[1] = {&request};
  struct sigevent sevp;
  struct timespec timeout;

  // Initialize the request structure
  memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
  request.ar_name = node;
  request.ar_service = service;
  request.ar_request = hints;

  // Set up timeout
  timeout.tv_sec = timeout_sec;
  timeout.tv_nsec = 0;

  // Initialize sigevent structure (not used, but required)
  memset(&sevp, 0, sizeof(sevp));
  sevp.sigev_notify = SIGEV_NONE;

  // Start asynchronous resolution
  int start_result = getaddrinfo_a(GAI_NOWAIT, requests, 1, &sevp);
  if (start_result != 0) { return start_result; }

  // Wait for completion with timeout
  int wait_result =
      gai_suspend((const struct gaicb *const *)requests, 1, &timeout);

  if (wait_result == 0 || wait_result == EAI_ALLDONE) {
    // Completed successfully, get the result
    int gai_result = gai_error(&request);
    if (gai_result == 0) {
      *res = request.ar_result;
      return 0;
    } else {
      // Clean up on error
      if (request.ar_result) { freeaddrinfo(request.ar_result); }
      return gai_result;
    }
  } else if (wait_result == EAI_AGAIN) {
    // Timeout occurred, cancel the request
    gai_cancel(&request);
    return EAI_AGAIN;
  } else {
    // Other error occurred
    gai_cancel(&request);
    return wait_result;
  }
#else
  // Fallback implementation using thread-based timeout for other Unix systems

  struct GetAddrInfoState {
    ~GetAddrInfoState() {
      if (info) { freeaddrinfo(info); }
    }

    std::mutex mutex;
    std::condition_variable result_cv;
    bool completed = false;
    int result = EAI_SYSTEM;
    std::string node;
    std::string service;
    struct addrinfo hints;
    struct addrinfo *info = nullptr;
  };

  // Allocate on the heap, so the resolver thread can keep using the data.
  auto state = std::make_shared<GetAddrInfoState>();
  if (node) { state->node = node; }
  state->service = service;
  state->hints = *hints;

  std::thread resolve_thread([state]() {
    auto thread_result =
        getaddrinfo(state->node.c_str(), state->service.c_str(), &state->hints,
                    &state->info);

    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state->mutex);
    state->result = thread_result;
    state->completed = true;
    state->result_cv.notify_one();
  });

  // Wait for completion or timeout
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(state->mutex);
  auto finished =
      state->result_cv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(timeout_sec),
                                [&] { return state->completed; });

  if (finished) {
    // Operation completed within timeout
    resolve_thread.join();
    *res = state->info;
    state->info = nullptr; // Pass ownership to caller
    return state->result;
  } else {
    // Timeout occurred
    resolve_thread.detach(); // Let the thread finish in background
    return EAI_AGAIN;        // Return timeout error
  }
#endif
#else
  (void)(timeout_sec); // Unused parameter for non-blocking getaddrinfo
  return getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
#endif
}

template <typename BindOrConnect>
socket_t create_socket(const std::string &host, const std::string &ip, int port,
                       int address_family, int socket_flags, bool tcp_nodelay,
                       bool ipv6_v6only, SocketOptions socket_options,
                       BindOrConnect bind_or_connect, time_t timeout_sec = 0) {
  // Get address info
  const char *node = nullptr;
  struct addrinfo hints;
  struct addrinfo *result;

  memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_IP;

  if (!ip.empty()) {
    node = ip.c_str();
    // Ask getaddrinfo to convert IP in c-string to address
    hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
    hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
  } else {
    if (!host.empty()) { node = host.c_str(); }
    hints.ai_family = address_family;
    hints.ai_flags = socket_flags;
  }

#if !defined(_WIN32) || defined(CPPHTTPLIB_HAVE_AFUNIX_H)
  if (hints.ai_family == AF_UNIX) {
    const auto addrlen = host.length();
    if (addrlen > sizeof(sockaddr_un::sun_path)) { return INVALID_SOCKET; }

#ifdef SOCK_CLOEXEC
    auto sock = socket(hints.ai_family, hints.ai_socktype | SOCK_CLOEXEC,
                       hints.ai_protocol);
#else
    auto sock = socket(hints.ai_family, hints.ai_socktype, hints.ai_protocol);
#endif

    if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      sockaddr_un addr{};
      addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;

      auto unescaped_host = unescape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(host);
      std::copy(unescaped_host.begin(), unescaped_host.end(), addr.sun_path);

      hints.ai_addr = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr);
      hints.ai_addrlen = static_cast<socklen_t>(
          sizeof(addr) - sizeof(addr.sun_path) + addrlen);

#ifndef SOCK_CLOEXEC
#ifndef _WIN32
      fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
#endif
#endif

      if (socket_options) { socket_options(sock); }

#ifdef _WIN32
      // Setting SO_REUSEADDR seems not to work well with AF_UNIX on windows, so
      // remove the option.
      detail::set_socket_opt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 0);
#endif

      bool dummy;
      if (!bind_or_connect(sock, hints, dummy)) {
        close_socket(sock);
        sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
      }
    }
    return sock;
  }
#endif

  auto service = std::to_string(port);

  if (getaddrinfo_with_timeout(node, service.c_str(), &hints, &result,
                               timeout_sec)) {
#if defined __linux__ && !defined __ANDROID__
    res_init();
#endif
    return INVALID_SOCKET;
  }
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeaddrinfo(result); });

  for (auto rp = result; rp; rp = rp->ai_next) {
    // Create a socket
#ifdef _WIN32
    auto sock =
        WSASocketW(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol, nullptr, 0,
                   WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT | WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED);
    /**
     * Since the WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT is only supported on Windows 7 SP1
     * and above the socket creation fails on older Windows Systems.
     *
     * Let's try to create a socket the old way in this case.
     *
     * Reference:
     * https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winsock2/nf-winsock2-wsasocketa
     *
     * WSA_FLAG_NO_HANDLE_INHERIT:
     * This flag is supported on Windows 7 with SP1, Windows Server 2008 R2 with
     * SP1, and later
     *
     */
    if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
      sock = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
    }
#else

#ifdef SOCK_CLOEXEC
    auto sock =
        socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype | SOCK_CLOEXEC, rp->ai_protocol);
#else
    auto sock = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
#endif

#endif
    if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { continue; }

#if !defined _WIN32 && !defined SOCK_CLOEXEC
    if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
      close_socket(sock);
      continue;
    }
#endif

    if (tcp_nodelay) { set_socket_opt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1); }

    if (rp->ai_family == AF_INET6) {
      set_socket_opt(sock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, ipv6_v6only ? 1 : 0);
    }

    if (socket_options) { socket_options(sock); }

    // bind or connect
    auto quit = false;
    if (bind_or_connect(sock, *rp, quit)) { return sock; }

    close_socket(sock);

    if (quit) { break; }
  }

  return INVALID_SOCKET;
}

inline void set_nonblocking(socket_t sock, bool nonblocking) {
#ifdef _WIN32
  auto flags = nonblocking ? 1UL : 0UL;
  ioctlsocket(sock, FIONBIO, &flags);
#else
  auto flags = fcntl(sock, F_GETFL, 0);
  fcntl(sock, F_SETFL,
        nonblocking ? (flags | O_NONBLOCK) : (flags & (~O_NONBLOCK)));
#endif
}

inline bool is_connection_error() {
#ifdef _WIN32
  return WSAGetLastError() != WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
#else
  return errno != EINPROGRESS;
#endif
}

inline bool bind_ip_address(socket_t sock, const std::string &host) {
  struct addrinfo hints;
  struct addrinfo *result;

  memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  hints.ai_protocol = 0;

  if (getaddrinfo_with_timeout(host.c_str(), "0", &hints, &result, 0)) {
    return false;
  }

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeaddrinfo(result); });

  auto ret = false;
  for (auto rp = result; rp; rp = rp->ai_next) {
    const auto &ai = *rp;
    if (!::bind(sock, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<socklen_t>(ai.ai_addrlen))) {
      ret = true;
      break;
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

#if !defined _WIN32 && !defined ANDROID && !defined _AIX && !defined __MVS__
#define USE_IF2IP
#endif

#ifdef USE_IF2IP
inline std::string if2ip(int address_family, const std::string &ifn) {
  struct ifaddrs *ifap;
  getifaddrs(&ifap);
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeifaddrs(ifap); });

  std::string addr_candidate;
  for (auto ifa = ifap; ifa; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
    if (ifa->ifa_addr && ifn == ifa->ifa_name &&
        (AF_UNSPEC == address_family ||
         ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == address_family)) {
      if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
        auto sa = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in *>(ifa->ifa_addr);
        char buf[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
        if (inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sa->sin_addr, buf, INET_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
          return std::string(buf, INET_ADDRSTRLEN);
        }
      } else if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
        auto sa = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 *>(ifa->ifa_addr);
        if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sa->sin6_addr)) {
          char buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = {};
          if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sa->sin6_addr, buf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
            // equivalent to mac's IN6_IS_ADDR_UNIQUE_LOCAL
            auto s6_addr_head = sa->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0];
            if (s6_addr_head == 0xfc || s6_addr_head == 0xfd) {
              addr_candidate = std::string(buf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);
            } else {
              return std::string(buf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return addr_candidate;
}
#endif

inline socket_t create_client_socket(
    const std::string &host, const std::string &ip, int port,
    int address_family, bool tcp_nodelay, bool ipv6_v6only,
    SocketOptions socket_options, time_t connection_timeout_sec,
    time_t connection_timeout_usec, time_t read_timeout_sec,
    time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
    time_t write_timeout_usec, const std::string &intf, Error &error) {
  auto sock = create_socket(
      host, ip, port, address_family, 0, tcp_nodelay, ipv6_v6only,
      std::move(socket_options),
      [&](socket_t sock2, struct addrinfo &ai, bool &quit) -> bool {
        if (!intf.empty()) {
#ifdef USE_IF2IP
          auto ip_from_if = if2ip(address_family, intf);
          if (ip_from_if.empty()) { ip_from_if = intf; }
          if (!bind_ip_address(sock2, ip_from_if)) {
            error = Error::BindIPAddress;
            return false;
          }
#endif
        }

        set_nonblocking(sock2, true);

        auto ret =
            ::connect(sock2, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<socklen_t>(ai.ai_addrlen));

        if (ret < 0) {
          if (is_connection_error()) {
            error = Error::Connection;
            return false;
          }
          error = wait_until_socket_is_ready(sock2, connection_timeout_sec,
                                             connection_timeout_usec);
          if (error != Error::Success) {
            if (error == Error::ConnectionTimeout) { quit = true; }
            return false;
          }
        }

        set_nonblocking(sock2, false);
        set_socket_opt_time(sock2, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, read_timeout_sec,
                            read_timeout_usec);
        set_socket_opt_time(sock2, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, write_timeout_sec,
                            write_timeout_usec);

        error = Error::Success;
        return true;
      },
      connection_timeout_sec); // Pass DNS timeout

  if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
    error = Error::Success;
  } else {
    if (error == Error::Success) { error = Error::Connection; }
  }

  return sock;
}

inline bool get_ip_and_port(const struct sockaddr_storage &addr,
                            socklen_t addr_len, std::string &ip, int &port) {
  if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET) {
    port = ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in *>(&addr)->sin_port);
  } else if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
    port =
        ntohs(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr_in6 *>(&addr)->sin6_port);
  } else {
    return false;
  }

  std::array<char, NI_MAXHOST> ipstr{};
  if (getnameinfo(reinterpret_cast<const struct sockaddr *>(&addr), addr_len,
                  ipstr.data(), static_cast<socklen_t>(ipstr.size()), nullptr,
                  0, NI_NUMERICHOST)) {
    return false;
  }

  ip = ipstr.data();
  return true;
}

inline void get_local_ip_and_port(socket_t sock, std::string &ip, int &port) {
  struct sockaddr_storage addr;
  socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
  if (!getsockname(sock, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&addr),
                   &addr_len)) {
    get_ip_and_port(addr, addr_len, ip, port);
  }
}

inline void get_remote_ip_and_port(socket_t sock, std::string &ip, int &port) {
  struct sockaddr_storage addr;
  socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);

  if (!getpeername(sock, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&addr),
                   &addr_len)) {
#ifndef _WIN32
    if (addr.ss_family == AF_UNIX) {
#if defined(__linux__)
      struct ucred ucred;
      socklen_t len = sizeof(ucred);
      if (getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &ucred, &len) == 0) {
        port = ucred.pid;
      }
#elif defined(SOL_LOCAL) && defined(SO_PEERPID)
      pid_t pid;
      socklen_t len = sizeof(pid);
      if (getsockopt(sock, SOL_LOCAL, SO_PEERPID, &pid, &len) == 0) {
        port = pid;
      }
#endif
      return;
    }
#endif
    get_ip_and_port(addr, addr_len, ip, port);
  }
}

inline constexpr unsigned int str2tag_core(const char *s, size_t l,
                                           unsigned int h) {
  return (l == 0)
             ? h
             : str2tag_core(
                   s + 1, l - 1,
                   // Unsets the 6 high bits of h, therefore no overflow happens
                   (((std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max)() >> 6) &
                    h * 33) ^
                       static_cast<unsigned char>(*s));
}

inline unsigned int str2tag(const std::string &s) {
  return str2tag_core(s.data(), s.size(), 0);
}

namespace udl {

inline constexpr unsigned int operator""_t(const char *s, size_t l) {
  return str2tag_core(s, l, 0);
}

} // namespace udl

inline std::string
find_content_type(const std::string &path,
                  const std::map<std::string, std::string> &user_data,
                  const std::string &default_content_type) {
  auto ext = file_extension(path);

  auto it = user_data.find(ext);
  if (it != user_data.end()) { return it->second; }

  using udl::operator""_t;

  switch (str2tag(ext)) {
  default: return default_content_type;

  case "css"_t: return "text/css";
  case "csv"_t: return "text/csv";
  case "htm"_t:
  case "html"_t: return "text/html";
  case "js"_t:
  case "mjs"_t: return "text/javascript";
  case "txt"_t: return "text/plain";
  case "vtt"_t: return "text/vtt";

  case "apng"_t: return "image/apng";
  case "avif"_t: return "image/avif";
  case "bmp"_t: return "image/bmp";
  case "gif"_t: return "image/gif";
  case "png"_t: return "image/png";
  case "svg"_t: return "image/svg+xml";
  case "webp"_t: return "image/webp";
  case "ico"_t: return "image/x-icon";
  case "tif"_t: return "image/tiff";
  case "tiff"_t: return "image/tiff";
  case "jpg"_t:
  case "jpeg"_t: return "image/jpeg";

  case "mp4"_t: return "video/mp4";
  case "mpeg"_t: return "video/mpeg";
  case "webm"_t: return "video/webm";

  case "mp3"_t: return "audio/mp3";
  case "mpga"_t: return "audio/mpeg";
  case "weba"_t: return "audio/webm";
  case "wav"_t: return "audio/wave";

  case "otf"_t: return "font/otf";
  case "ttf"_t: return "font/ttf";
  case "woff"_t: return "font/woff";
  case "woff2"_t: return "font/woff2";

  case "7z"_t: return "application/x-7z-compressed";
  case "atom"_t: return "application/atom+xml";
  case "pdf"_t: return "application/pdf";
  case "json"_t: return "application/json";
  case "rss"_t: return "application/rss+xml";
  case "tar"_t: return "application/x-tar";
  case "xht"_t:
  case "xhtml"_t: return "application/xhtml+xml";
  case "xslt"_t: return "application/xslt+xml";
  case "xml"_t: return "application/xml";
  case "gz"_t: return "application/gzip";
  case "zip"_t: return "application/zip";
  case "wasm"_t: return "application/wasm";
  }
}

inline std::string
extract_media_type(const std::string &content_type,
                   std::map<std::string, std::string> *params = nullptr) {
  // Extract type/subtype from Content-Type value (RFC 2045)
  // e.g. "application/json; charset=utf-8" -> "application/json"
  auto media_type = content_type;
  auto semicolon_pos = media_type.find(';');
  if (semicolon_pos != std::string::npos) {
    auto param_str = media_type.substr(semicolon_pos + 1);
    media_type = media_type.substr(0, semicolon_pos);

    if (params) {
      // Parse parameters: key=value pairs separated by ';'
      split(param_str.data(), param_str.data() + param_str.size(), ';',
            [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
              std::string key;
              std::string val;
              split(b, e, '=', [&](const char *b2, const char *e2) {
                if (key.empty()) {
                  key.assign(b2, e2);
                } else {
                  val.assign(b2, e2);
                }
              });
              if (!key.empty()) {
                params->emplace(trim_copy(key), trim_double_quotes_copy(val));
              }
            });
    }
  }

  // Trim whitespace from media type
  return trim_copy(media_type);
}

inline bool can_compress_content_type(const std::string &content_type) {
  using udl::operator""_t;

  auto mime_type = extract_media_type(content_type);
  auto tag = str2tag(mime_type);

  switch (tag) {
  case "image/svg+xml"_t:
  case "application/javascript"_t:
  case "application/x-javascript"_t:
  case "application/json"_t:
  case "application/ld+json"_t:
  case "application/xml"_t:
  case "application/xhtml+xml"_t:
  case "application/rss+xml"_t:
  case "application/atom+xml"_t:
  case "application/xslt+xml"_t:
  case "application/protobuf"_t: return true;

  case "text/event-stream"_t: return false;

  default: return !mime_type.rfind("text/", 0);
  }
}

inline bool parse_quality(const char *b, const char *e, std::string &token,
                          double &quality) {
  quality = 1.0;
  token.clear();

  // Split on first ';': left = token name, right = parameters
  const char *params_b = nullptr;
  std::size_t params_len = 0;

  divide(
      b, static_cast<std::size_t>(e - b), ';',
      [&](const char *lb, std::size_t llen, const char *rb, std::size_t rlen) {
        auto r = trim(lb, lb + llen, 0, llen);
        if (r.first < r.second) { token.assign(lb + r.first, lb + r.second); }
        params_b = rb;
        params_len = rlen;
      });

  if (token.empty()) { return false; }
  if (params_len == 0) { return true; }

  // Scan parameters for q= (stops on first match)
  bool invalid = false;
  split_find(params_b, params_b + params_len, ';',
             (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(),
             [&](const char *pb, const char *pe) -> bool {
               // Match exactly "q=" or "Q=" (not "query=" etc.)
               auto len = static_cast<size_t>(pe - pb);
               if (len < 2) { return false; }
               if ((pb[0] != 'q' && pb[0] != 'Q') || pb[1] != '=') {
                 return false;
               }

               // Trim the value portion
               auto r = trim(pb, pe, 2, len);
               if (r.first >= r.second) {
                 invalid = true;
                 return true;
               }

               double v = 0.0;
               auto res = from_chars(pb + r.first, pb + r.second, v);
               if (res.ec != std::errc{} || v < 0.0 || v > 1.0) {
                 invalid = true;
                 return true;
               }
               quality = v;
               return true;
             });

  return !invalid;
}

inline EncodingType encoding_type(const Request &req, const Response &res) {
  if (!can_compress_content_type(res.get_header_value("Content-Type"))) {
    return EncodingType::None;
  }

  const auto &s = req.get_header_value("Accept-Encoding");
  if (s.empty()) { return EncodingType::None; }

  // Single-pass: iterate tokens and track the best supported encoding.
  // Server preference breaks ties (br > gzip > zstd).
  EncodingType best = EncodingType::None;
  double best_q = 0.0; // q=0 means "not acceptable"

  // Server preference: Brotli > Gzip > Zstd (lower = more preferred)
  auto priority = [](EncodingType t) -> int {
    switch (t) {
    case EncodingType::Brotli: return 0;
    case EncodingType::Gzip: return 1;
    case EncodingType::Zstd: return 2;
    default: return 3;
    }
  };

  std::string name;
  split(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), ',', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
    double quality = 1.0;
    if (!parse_quality(b, e, name, quality)) { return; }
    if (quality <= 0.0) { return; }

    EncodingType type = EncodingType::None;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
    if (case_ignore::equal(name, "br")) { type = EncodingType::Brotli; }
#endif
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
    if (type == EncodingType::None && case_ignore::equal(name, "gzip")) {
      type = EncodingType::Gzip;
    }
#endif
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
    if (type == EncodingType::None && case_ignore::equal(name, "zstd")) {
      type = EncodingType::Zstd;
    }
#endif

    if (type == EncodingType::None) { return; }

    // Higher q-value wins; for equal q, server preference breaks ties
    if (quality > best_q ||
        (quality == best_q && priority(type) < priority(best))) {
      best_q = quality;
      best = type;
    }
  });

  return best;
}

inline bool nocompressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                                   bool /*last*/, Callback callback) {
  if (!data_length) { return true; }
  return callback(data, data_length);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
inline gzip_compressor::gzip_compressor() {
  std::memset(&strm_, 0, sizeof(strm_));
  strm_.zalloc = Z_NULL;
  strm_.zfree = Z_NULL;
  strm_.opaque = Z_NULL;

  is_valid_ = deflateInit2(&strm_, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, 31, 8,
                           Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY) == Z_OK;
}

inline gzip_compressor::~gzip_compressor() { deflateEnd(&strm_); }

inline bool gzip_compressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                                      bool last, Callback callback) {
  assert(is_valid_);

  do {
    constexpr size_t max_avail_in =
        (std::numeric_limits<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>::max)();

    strm_.avail_in = static_cast<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>(
        (std::min)(data_length, max_avail_in));
    strm_.next_in = const_cast<Bytef *>(reinterpret_cast<const Bytef *>(data));

    data_length -= strm_.avail_in;
    data += strm_.avail_in;

    auto flush = (last && data_length == 0) ? Z_FINISH : Z_NO_FLUSH;
    auto ret = Z_OK;

    std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
    do {
      strm_.avail_out = static_cast<uInt>(buff.size());
      strm_.next_out = reinterpret_cast<Bytef *>(buff.data());

      ret = deflate(&strm_, flush);
      if (ret == Z_STREAM_ERROR) { return false; }

      if (!callback(buff.data(), buff.size() - strm_.avail_out)) {
        return false;
      }
    } while (strm_.avail_out == 0);

    assert((flush == Z_FINISH && ret == Z_STREAM_END) ||
           (flush == Z_NO_FLUSH && ret == Z_OK));
    assert(strm_.avail_in == 0);
  } while (data_length > 0);

  return true;
}

inline gzip_decompressor::gzip_decompressor() {
  std::memset(&strm_, 0, sizeof(strm_));
  strm_.zalloc = Z_NULL;
  strm_.zfree = Z_NULL;
  strm_.opaque = Z_NULL;

  // 15 is the value of wbits, which should be at the maximum possible value
  // to ensure that any gzip stream can be decoded. The offset of 32 specifies
  // that the stream type should be automatically detected either gzip or
  // deflate.
  is_valid_ = inflateInit2(&strm_, 32 + 15) == Z_OK;
}

inline gzip_decompressor::~gzip_decompressor() { inflateEnd(&strm_); }

inline bool gzip_decompressor::is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }

inline bool gzip_decompressor::decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                                          Callback callback) {
  assert(is_valid_);

  auto ret = Z_OK;

  do {
    constexpr size_t max_avail_in =
        (std::numeric_limits<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>::max)();

    strm_.avail_in = static_cast<decltype(strm_.avail_in)>(
        (std::min)(data_length, max_avail_in));
    strm_.next_in = const_cast<Bytef *>(reinterpret_cast<const Bytef *>(data));

    data_length -= strm_.avail_in;
    data += strm_.avail_in;

    std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
    while (strm_.avail_in > 0 && ret == Z_OK) {
      strm_.avail_out = static_cast<uInt>(buff.size());
      strm_.next_out = reinterpret_cast<Bytef *>(buff.data());

      ret = inflate(&strm_, Z_NO_FLUSH);

      assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
      switch (ret) {
      case Z_NEED_DICT:
      case Z_DATA_ERROR:
      case Z_MEM_ERROR: inflateEnd(&strm_); return false;
      }

      if (!callback(buff.data(), buff.size() - strm_.avail_out)) {
        return false;
      }
    }

    if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_STREAM_END) { return false; }

  } while (data_length > 0);

  return true;
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
inline brotli_compressor::brotli_compressor() {
  state_ = BrotliEncoderCreateInstance(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
}

inline brotli_compressor::~brotli_compressor() {
  BrotliEncoderDestroyInstance(state_);
}

inline bool brotli_compressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                                        bool last, Callback callback) {
  std::array<uint8_t, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};

  auto operation = last ? BROTLI_OPERATION_FINISH : BROTLI_OPERATION_PROCESS;
  auto available_in = data_length;
  auto next_in = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(data);

  for (;;) {
    if (last) {
      if (BrotliEncoderIsFinished(state_)) { break; }
    } else {
      if (!available_in) { break; }
    }

    auto available_out = buff.size();
    auto next_out = buff.data();

    if (!BrotliEncoderCompressStream(state_, operation, &available_in, &next_in,
                                     &available_out, &next_out, nullptr)) {
      return false;
    }

    auto output_bytes = buff.size() - available_out;
    if (output_bytes) {
      callback(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(buff.data()), output_bytes);
    }
  }

  return true;
}

inline brotli_decompressor::brotli_decompressor() {
  decoder_s = BrotliDecoderCreateInstance(0, 0, 0);
  decoder_r = decoder_s ? BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_INPUT
                        : BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_ERROR;
}

inline brotli_decompressor::~brotli_decompressor() {
  if (decoder_s) { BrotliDecoderDestroyInstance(decoder_s); }
}

inline bool brotli_decompressor::is_valid() const { return decoder_s; }

inline bool brotli_decompressor::decompress(const char *data,
                                            size_t data_length,
                                            Callback callback) {
  if (decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_SUCCESS ||
      decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_ERROR) {
    return 0;
  }

  auto next_in = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(data);
  size_t avail_in = data_length;
  size_t total_out;

  decoder_r = BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_OUTPUT;

  std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
  while (decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_OUTPUT) {
    char *next_out = buff.data();
    size_t avail_out = buff.size();

    decoder_r = BrotliDecoderDecompressStream(
        decoder_s, &avail_in, &next_in, &avail_out,
        reinterpret_cast<uint8_t **>(&next_out), &total_out);

    if (decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_ERROR) { return false; }

    if (!callback(buff.data(), buff.size() - avail_out)) { return false; }
  }

  return decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_SUCCESS ||
         decoder_r == BROTLI_DECODER_RESULT_NEEDS_MORE_INPUT;
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
inline zstd_compressor::zstd_compressor() {
  ctx_ = ZSTD_createCCtx();
  ZSTD_CCtx_setParameter(ctx_, ZSTD_c_compressionLevel, ZSTD_fast);
}

inline zstd_compressor::~zstd_compressor() { ZSTD_freeCCtx(ctx_); }

inline bool zstd_compressor::compress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                                      bool last, Callback callback) {
  std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};

  ZSTD_EndDirective mode = last ? ZSTD_e_end : ZSTD_e_continue;
  ZSTD_inBuffer input = {data, data_length, 0};

  bool finished;
  do {
    ZSTD_outBuffer output = {buff.data(), CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ, 0};
    size_t const remaining = ZSTD_compressStream2(ctx_, &output, &input, mode);

    if (ZSTD_isError(remaining)) { return false; }

    if (!callback(buff.data(), output.pos)) { return false; }

    finished = last ? (remaining == 0) : (input.pos == input.size);

  } while (!finished);

  return true;
}

inline zstd_decompressor::zstd_decompressor() { ctx_ = ZSTD_createDCtx(); }

inline zstd_decompressor::~zstd_decompressor() { ZSTD_freeDCtx(ctx_); }

inline bool zstd_decompressor::is_valid() const { return ctx_ != nullptr; }

inline bool zstd_decompressor::decompress(const char *data, size_t data_length,
                                          Callback callback) {
  std::array<char, CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ> buff{};
  ZSTD_inBuffer input = {data, data_length, 0};

  while (input.pos < input.size) {
    ZSTD_outBuffer output = {buff.data(), CPPHTTPLIB_COMPRESSION_BUFSIZ, 0};
    size_t const remaining = ZSTD_decompressStream(ctx_, &output, &input);

    if (ZSTD_isError(remaining)) { return false; }

    if (!callback(buff.data(), output.pos)) { return false; }
  }

  return true;
}
#endif

inline std::unique_ptr<decompressor>
create_decompressor(const std::string &encoding) {
  std::unique_ptr<decompressor> decompressor;

  if (encoding == "gzip" || encoding == "deflate") {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
    decompressor = detail::make_unique<gzip_decompressor>();
#endif
  } else if (encoding.find("br") != std::string::npos) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
    decompressor = detail::make_unique<brotli_decompressor>();
#endif
  } else if (encoding == "zstd" || encoding.find("zstd") != std::string::npos) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
    decompressor = detail::make_unique<zstd_decompressor>();
#endif
  }

  return decompressor;
}

// Returns the best available compressor and its Content-Encoding name.
// Priority: Brotli > Gzip > Zstd (matches server-side preference).
inline std::pair<std::unique_ptr<compressor>, const char *>
create_compressor() {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
  return {detail::make_unique<brotli_compressor>(), "br"};
#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT)
  return {detail::make_unique<gzip_compressor>(), "gzip"};
#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT)
  return {detail::make_unique<zstd_compressor>(), "zstd"};
#else
  return {nullptr, nullptr};
#endif
}

inline bool is_prohibited_header_name(const std::string &name) {
  using udl::operator""_t;

  switch (str2tag(name)) {
  case "REMOTE_ADDR"_t:
  case "REMOTE_PORT"_t:
  case "LOCAL_ADDR"_t:
  case "LOCAL_PORT"_t: return true;
  default: return false;
  }
}

inline bool has_header(const Headers &headers, const std::string &key) {
  if (is_prohibited_header_name(key)) { return false; }
  return headers.find(key) != headers.end();
}

inline const char *get_header_value(const Headers &headers,
                                    const std::string &key, const char *def,
                                    size_t id) {
  if (is_prohibited_header_name(key)) {
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
    std::string msg = "Prohibited header name '" + key + "' is specified.";
    throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
#else
    return "";
#endif
  }

  auto rng = headers.equal_range(key);
  auto it = rng.first;
  std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
  if (it != rng.second) { return it->second.c_str(); }
  return def;
}

inline bool read_headers(Stream &strm, Headers &headers) {
  const auto bufsiz = 2048;
  char buf[bufsiz];
  stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);

  size_t header_count = 0;

  for (;;) {
    if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }

    // Check if the line ends with CRLF.
    auto line_terminator_len = 2;
    if (line_reader.end_with_crlf()) {
      // Blank line indicates end of headers.
      if (line_reader.size() == 2) { break; }
    } else {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
      // Blank line indicates end of headers.
      if (line_reader.size() == 1) { break; }
      line_terminator_len = 1;
#else
      continue; // Skip invalid line.
#endif
    }

    if (line_reader.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH) { return false; }

    // Check header count limit
    if (header_count >= CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_COUNT) { return false; }

    // Exclude line terminator
    auto end = line_reader.ptr() + line_reader.size() - line_terminator_len;

    if (!parse_header(line_reader.ptr(), end,
                      [&](const std::string &key, const std::string &val) {
                        headers.emplace(key, val);
                      })) {
      return false;
    }

    header_count++;
  }

  // RFC 9110 Section 8.6: Reject requests with multiple Content-Length
  // headers that have different values to prevent request smuggling.
  auto cl_range = headers.equal_range("Content-Length");
  if (cl_range.first != cl_range.second) {
    const auto &first_val = cl_range.first->second;
    for (auto it = std::next(cl_range.first); it != cl_range.second; ++it) {
      if (it->second != first_val) { return false; }
    }
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool read_websocket_upgrade_response(Stream &strm,
                                            const std::string &expected_accept,
                                            std::string &selected_subprotocol) {
  // Read status line
  const auto bufsiz = 2048;
  char buf[bufsiz];
  stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf, bufsiz);
  if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }

  // Check for "HTTP/1.1 101"
  auto line = std::string(line_reader.ptr(), line_reader.size());
  if (line.find("HTTP/1.1 101") == std::string::npos) { return false; }

  // Parse headers using existing read_headers
  Headers headers;
  if (!read_headers(strm, headers)) { return false; }

  // Verify Upgrade: websocket (case-insensitive)
  auto upgrade_it = headers.find("Upgrade");
  if (upgrade_it == headers.end()) { return false; }
  auto upgrade_val = case_ignore::to_lower(upgrade_it->second);
  if (upgrade_val != "websocket") { return false; }

  // Verify Connection header contains "Upgrade" (case-insensitive)
  auto connection_it = headers.find("Connection");
  if (connection_it == headers.end()) { return false; }
  auto connection_val = case_ignore::to_lower(connection_it->second);
  if (connection_val.find("upgrade") == std::string::npos) { return false; }

  // Verify Sec-WebSocket-Accept header value
  auto it = headers.find("Sec-WebSocket-Accept");
  if (it == headers.end() || it->second != expected_accept) { return false; }

  // Extract negotiated subprotocol
  auto proto_it = headers.find("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol");
  if (proto_it != headers.end()) { selected_subprotocol = proto_it->second; }

  return true;
}

enum class ReadContentResult {
  Success,         // Successfully read the content
  PayloadTooLarge, // The content exceeds the specified payload limit
  Error            // An error occurred while reading the content
};

inline ReadContentResult read_content_with_length(
    Stream &strm, size_t len, DownloadProgress progress,
    ContentReceiverWithProgress out,
    size_t payload_max_length = (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()) {
  char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];

  detail::BodyReader br;
  br.stream = &strm;
  br.has_content_length = true;
  br.content_length = len;
  br.payload_max_length = payload_max_length;
  br.chunked = false;
  br.bytes_read = 0;
  br.last_error = Error::Success;

  size_t r = 0;
  while (r < len) {
    auto read_len = static_cast<size_t>(len - r);
    auto to_read = (std::min)(read_len, CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ);
    auto n = detail::read_body_content(&strm, br, buf, to_read);
    if (n <= 0) {
      // Check if it was a payload size error
      if (br.last_error == Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize) {
        return ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge;
      }
      return ReadContentResult::Error;
    }

    if (!out(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n), r, len)) {
      return ReadContentResult::Error;
    }
    r += static_cast<size_t>(n);

    if (progress) {
      if (!progress(r, len)) { return ReadContentResult::Error; }
    }
  }

  return ReadContentResult::Success;
}

inline ReadContentResult
read_content_without_length(Stream &strm, size_t payload_max_length,
                            ContentReceiverWithProgress out) {
  char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
  size_t r = 0;
  for (;;) {
    auto n = strm.read(buf, CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ);
    if (n == 0) { return ReadContentResult::Success; }
    if (n < 0) { return ReadContentResult::Error; }

    // Check if adding this data would exceed the payload limit
    if (r > payload_max_length ||
        payload_max_length - r < static_cast<size_t>(n)) {
      return ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge;
    }

    if (!out(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n), r, 0)) {
      return ReadContentResult::Error;
    }
    r += static_cast<size_t>(n);
  }

  return ReadContentResult::Success;
}

template <typename T>
inline ReadContentResult read_content_chunked(Stream &strm, T &x,
                                              size_t payload_max_length,
                                              ContentReceiverWithProgress out) {
  detail::ChunkedDecoder dec(strm);

  char buf[CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_BUFSIZ];
  size_t total_len = 0;

  for (;;) {
    size_t chunk_offset = 0;
    size_t chunk_total = 0;
    auto n = dec.read_payload(buf, sizeof(buf), chunk_offset, chunk_total);
    if (n < 0) { return ReadContentResult::Error; }

    if (n == 0) {
      if (!dec.parse_trailers_into(x.trailers, x.headers)) {
        return ReadContentResult::Error;
      }
      return ReadContentResult::Success;
    }

    if (total_len > payload_max_length ||
        payload_max_length - total_len < static_cast<size_t>(n)) {
      return ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge;
    }

    if (!out(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n), chunk_offset, chunk_total)) {
      return ReadContentResult::Error;
    }

    total_len += static_cast<size_t>(n);
  }
}

inline bool is_chunked_transfer_encoding(const Headers &headers) {
  return case_ignore::equal(
      get_header_value(headers, "Transfer-Encoding", "", 0), "chunked");
}

template <typename T, typename U>
bool prepare_content_receiver(T &x, int &status,
                              ContentReceiverWithProgress receiver,
                              bool decompress, size_t payload_max_length,
                              bool &exceed_payload_max_length, U callback) {
  if (decompress) {
    std::string encoding = x.get_header_value("Content-Encoding");
    std::unique_ptr<decompressor> decompressor;

    if (!encoding.empty()) {
      decompressor = detail::create_decompressor(encoding);
      if (!decompressor) {
        // Unsupported encoding or no support compiled in
        status = StatusCode::UnsupportedMediaType_415;
        return false;
      }
    }

    if (decompressor) {
      if (decompressor->is_valid()) {
        size_t decompressed_size = 0;
        ContentReceiverWithProgress out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n,
                                              size_t off, size_t len) {
          return decompressor->decompress(
              buf, n, [&](const char *buf2, size_t n2) {
                // Guard against zip-bomb: check
                // decompressed size against limit.
                if (payload_max_length > 0 &&
                    (decompressed_size >= payload_max_length ||
                     n2 > payload_max_length - decompressed_size)) {
                  exceed_payload_max_length = true;
                  return false;
                }
                decompressed_size += n2;
                return receiver(buf2, n2, off, len);
              });
        };
        return callback(std::move(out));
      } else {
        status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
        return false;
      }
    }
  }

  ContentReceiverWithProgress out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t off,
                                        size_t len) {
    return receiver(buf, n, off, len);
  };
  return callback(std::move(out));
}

template <typename T>
bool read_content(Stream &strm, T &x, size_t payload_max_length, int &status,
                  DownloadProgress progress,
                  ContentReceiverWithProgress receiver, bool decompress) {
  bool exceed_payload_max_length = false;
  return prepare_content_receiver(
      x, status, std::move(receiver), decompress, payload_max_length,
      exceed_payload_max_length, [&](const ContentReceiverWithProgress &out) {
        auto ret = true;
        // Note: exceed_payload_max_length may also be set by the decompressor
        // wrapper in prepare_content_receiver when the decompressed payload
        // size exceeds the limit.

        if (is_chunked_transfer_encoding(x.headers)) {
          auto result = read_content_chunked(strm, x, payload_max_length, out);
          if (result == ReadContentResult::Success) {
            ret = true;
          } else if (result == ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge) {
            exceed_payload_max_length = true;
            ret = false;
          } else {
            ret = false;
          }
        } else if (!has_header(x.headers, "Content-Length")) {
          auto result =
              read_content_without_length(strm, payload_max_length, out);
          if (result == ReadContentResult::Success) {
            ret = true;
          } else if (result == ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge) {
            exceed_payload_max_length = true;
            ret = false;
          } else {
            ret = false;
          }
        } else {
          auto is_invalid_value = false;
          auto len = get_header_value_u64(x.headers, "Content-Length",
                                          (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)(),
                                          0, is_invalid_value);

          if (is_invalid_value) {
            ret = false;
          } else if (len > 0) {
            auto result = read_content_with_length(
                strm, len, std::move(progress), out, payload_max_length);
            ret = (result == ReadContentResult::Success);
            if (result == ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge) {
              exceed_payload_max_length = true;
            }
          }
        }

        if (!ret) {
          status = exceed_payload_max_length ? StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413
                                             : StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
        }
        return ret;
      });
}

inline ssize_t write_request_line(Stream &strm, const std::string &method,
                                  const std::string &path) {
  std::string s = method;
  s += ' ';
  s += path;
  s += " HTTP/1.1\r\n";
  return strm.write(s.data(), s.size());
}

inline ssize_t write_response_line(Stream &strm, int status) {
  std::string s = "HTTP/1.1 ";
  s += std::to_string(status);
  s += ' ';
  s += httplib::status_message(status);
  s += "\r\n";
  return strm.write(s.data(), s.size());
}

inline ssize_t write_headers(Stream &strm, const Headers &headers) {
  ssize_t write_len = 0;
  for (const auto &x : headers) {
    std::string s;
    s = x.first;
    s += ": ";
    s += x.second;
    s += "\r\n";

    auto len = strm.write(s.data(), s.size());
    if (len < 0) { return len; }
    write_len += len;
  }
  auto len = strm.write("\r\n");
  if (len < 0) { return len; }
  write_len += len;
  return write_len;
}

inline bool write_data(Stream &strm, const char *d, size_t l) {
  size_t offset = 0;
  while (offset < l) {
    auto length = strm.write(d + offset, l - offset);
    if (length < 0) { return false; }
    offset += static_cast<size_t>(length);
  }
  return true;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool write_content_with_progress(Stream &strm,
                                        const ContentProvider &content_provider,
                                        size_t offset, size_t length,
                                        T is_shutting_down,
                                        const UploadProgress &upload_progress,
                                        Error &error) {
  size_t end_offset = offset + length;
  size_t start_offset = offset;
  auto ok = true;
  DataSink data_sink;

  data_sink.write = [&](const char *d, size_t l) -> bool {
    if (ok) {
      if (write_data(strm, d, l)) {
        offset += l;

        if (upload_progress && length > 0) {
          size_t current_written = offset - start_offset;
          if (!upload_progress(current_written, length)) {
            ok = false;
            return false;
          }
        }
      } else {
        ok = false;
      }
    }
    return ok;
  };

  data_sink.is_writable = [&]() -> bool { return strm.is_peer_alive(); };

  while (offset < end_offset && !is_shutting_down()) {
    if (!strm.wait_writable() || !strm.is_peer_alive()) {
      error = Error::Write;
      return false;
    } else if (!content_provider(offset, end_offset - offset, data_sink)) {
      error = Error::Canceled;
      return false;
    } else if (!ok) {
      error = Error::Write;
      return false;
    }
  }

  if (offset < end_offset) { // exited due to is_shutting_down(), not completion
    error = Error::Write;
    return false;
  }

  error = Error::Success;
  return true;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool write_content(Stream &strm, const ContentProvider &content_provider,
                          size_t offset, size_t length, T is_shutting_down,
                          Error &error) {
  return write_content_with_progress<T>(strm, content_provider, offset, length,
                                        is_shutting_down, nullptr, error);
}

template <typename T>
inline bool write_content(Stream &strm, const ContentProvider &content_provider,
                          size_t offset, size_t length,
                          const T &is_shutting_down) {
  auto error = Error::Success;
  return write_content(strm, content_provider, offset, length, is_shutting_down,
                       error);
}

template <typename T>
inline bool
write_content_without_length(Stream &strm,
                             const ContentProvider &content_provider,
                             const T &is_shutting_down) {
  size_t offset = 0;
  auto data_available = true;
  auto ok = true;
  DataSink data_sink;

  data_sink.write = [&](const char *d, size_t l) -> bool {
    if (ok) {
      offset += l;
      if (!write_data(strm, d, l)) { ok = false; }
    }
    return ok;
  };

  data_sink.is_writable = [&]() -> bool { return strm.is_peer_alive(); };

  data_sink.done = [&](void) { data_available = false; };

  while (data_available && !is_shutting_down()) {
    if (!strm.wait_writable() || !strm.is_peer_alive()) {
      return false;
    } else if (!content_provider(offset, 0, data_sink)) {
      return false;
    } else if (!ok) {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return !data_available; // true only if done() was called, false if shutting
                          // down
}

template <typename T, typename U>
inline bool
write_content_chunked(Stream &strm, const ContentProvider &content_provider,
                      const T &is_shutting_down, U &compressor, Error &error) {
  size_t offset = 0;
  auto data_available = true;
  auto ok = true;
  DataSink data_sink;

  data_sink.write = [&](const char *d, size_t l) -> bool {
    if (ok) {
      data_available = l > 0;
      offset += l;

      std::string payload;
      if (compressor.compress(d, l, false,
                              [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
                                payload.append(data, data_len);
                                return true;
                              })) {
        if (!payload.empty()) {
          // Emit chunked response header and footer for each chunk
          auto chunk =
              from_i_to_hex(payload.size()) + "\r\n" + payload + "\r\n";
          if (!write_data(strm, chunk.data(), chunk.size())) { ok = false; }
        }
      } else {
        ok = false;
      }
    }
    return ok;
  };

  data_sink.is_writable = [&]() -> bool { return strm.is_peer_alive(); };

  auto done_with_trailer = [&](const Headers *trailer) {
    if (!ok) { return; }

    data_available = false;

    std::string payload;
    if (!compressor.compress(nullptr, 0, true,
                             [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
                               payload.append(data, data_len);
                               return true;
                             })) {
      ok = false;
      return;
    }

    if (!payload.empty()) {
      // Emit chunked response header and footer for each chunk
      auto chunk = from_i_to_hex(payload.size()) + "\r\n" + payload + "\r\n";
      if (!write_data(strm, chunk.data(), chunk.size())) {
        ok = false;
        return;
      }
    }

    constexpr const char done_marker[] = "0\r\n";
    if (!write_data(strm, done_marker, str_len(done_marker))) { ok = false; }

    // Trailer
    if (trailer) {
      for (const auto &kv : *trailer) {
        std::string field_line = kv.first + ": " + kv.second + "\r\n";
        if (!write_data(strm, field_line.data(), field_line.size())) {
          ok = false;
        }
      }
    }

    constexpr const char crlf[] = "\r\n";
    if (!write_data(strm, crlf, str_len(crlf))) { ok = false; }
  };

  data_sink.done = [&](void) { done_with_trailer(nullptr); };

  data_sink.done_with_trailer = [&](const Headers &trailer) {
    done_with_trailer(&trailer);
  };

  while (data_available && !is_shutting_down()) {
    if (!strm.wait_writable() || !strm.is_peer_alive()) {
      error = Error::Write;
      return false;
    } else if (!content_provider(offset, 0, data_sink)) {
      error = Error::Canceled;
      return false;
    } else if (!ok) {
      error = Error::Write;
      return false;
    }
  }

  if (data_available) { // exited due to is_shutting_down(), not done()
    error = Error::Write;
    return false;
  }

  error = Error::Success;
  return true;
}

template <typename T, typename U>
inline bool write_content_chunked(Stream &strm,
                                  const ContentProvider &content_provider,
                                  const T &is_shutting_down, U &compressor) {
  auto error = Error::Success;
  return write_content_chunked(strm, content_provider, is_shutting_down,
                               compressor, error);
}

template <typename T>
inline bool redirect(T &cli, Request &req, Response &res,
                     const std::string &path, const std::string &location,
                     Error &error) {
  Request new_req = req;
  new_req.path = path;
  new_req.redirect_count_ -= 1;

  if (res.status == StatusCode::SeeOther_303 &&
      (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD")) {
    new_req.method = "GET";
    new_req.body.clear();
    new_req.headers.clear();
  }

  Response new_res;

  auto ret = cli.send(new_req, new_res, error);
  if (ret) {
    req = std::move(new_req);
    res = std::move(new_res);

    if (res.location.empty()) { res.location = location; }
  }
  return ret;
}

inline std::string params_to_query_str(const Params &params) {
  std::string query;

  for (auto it = params.begin(); it != params.end(); ++it) {
    if (it != params.begin()) { query += '&'; }
    query += encode_query_component(it->first);
    query += '=';
    query += encode_query_component(it->second);
  }
  return query;
}

inline void parse_query_text(const char *data, std::size_t size,
                             Params &params) {
  std::set<std::string> cache;
  split(data, data + size, '&', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
    std::string kv(b, e);
    if (cache.find(kv) != cache.end()) { return; }
    cache.insert(std::move(kv));

    std::string key;
    std::string val;
    divide(b, static_cast<std::size_t>(e - b), '=',
           [&](const char *lhs_data, std::size_t lhs_size, const char *rhs_data,
               std::size_t rhs_size) {
             key.assign(lhs_data, lhs_size);
             val.assign(rhs_data, rhs_size);
           });

    if (!key.empty()) {
      params.emplace(decode_query_component(key), decode_query_component(val));
    }
  });
}

inline void parse_query_text(const std::string &s, Params &params) {
  parse_query_text(s.data(), s.size(), params);
}

// Normalize a query string by decoding and re-encoding each key/value pair
// while preserving the original parameter order. This avoids double-encoding
// and ensures consistent encoding without reordering (unlike Params which
// uses std::multimap and sorts keys).
inline std::string normalize_query_string(const std::string &query) {
  std::string result;
  split(query.data(), query.data() + query.size(), '&',
        [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
          std::string key;
          std::string val;
          divide(b, static_cast<std::size_t>(e - b), '=',
                 [&](const char *lhs_data, std::size_t lhs_size,
                     const char *rhs_data, std::size_t rhs_size) {
                   key.assign(lhs_data, lhs_size);
                   val.assign(rhs_data, rhs_size);
                 });

          if (!key.empty()) {
            auto dec_key = decode_query_component(key);
            auto dec_val = decode_query_component(val);

            if (!result.empty()) { result += '&'; }
            result += encode_query_component(dec_key);
            if (!val.empty() || std::find(b, e, '=') != e) {
              result += '=';
              result += encode_query_component(dec_val);
            }
          }
        });
  return result;
}

inline bool parse_multipart_boundary(const std::string &content_type,
                                     std::string &boundary) {
  std::map<std::string, std::string> params;
  extract_media_type(content_type, &params);
  auto it = params.find("boundary");
  if (it == params.end()) { return false; }
  boundary = it->second;
  return !boundary.empty();
}

inline void parse_disposition_params(const std::string &s, Params &params) {
  std::set<std::string> cache;
  split(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), ';', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
    std::string kv(b, e);
    if (cache.find(kv) != cache.end()) { return; }
    cache.insert(kv);

    std::string key;
    std::string val;
    split(b, e, '=', [&](const char *b2, const char *e2) {
      if (key.empty()) {
        key.assign(b2, e2);
      } else {
        val.assign(b2, e2);
      }
    });

    if (!key.empty()) {
      params.emplace(trim_double_quotes_copy((key)),
                     trim_double_quotes_copy((val)));
    }
  });
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
inline bool parse_range_header(const std::string &s, Ranges &ranges) {
#else
inline bool parse_range_header(const std::string &s, Ranges &ranges) try {
#endif
  auto is_valid = [](const std::string &str) {
    return std::all_of(str.cbegin(), str.cend(),
                       [](unsigned char c) { return std::isdigit(c); });
  };

  if (s.size() > 7 && s.compare(0, 6, "bytes=") == 0) {
    const auto pos = static_cast<size_t>(6);
    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(s.size() - 6);
    auto all_valid_ranges = true;
    split(&s[pos], &s[pos + len], ',', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
      if (!all_valid_ranges) { return; }

      const auto it = std::find(b, e, '-');
      if (it == e) {
        all_valid_ranges = false;
        return;
      }

      const auto lhs = std::string(b, it);
      const auto rhs = std::string(it + 1, e);
      if (!is_valid(lhs) || !is_valid(rhs)) {
        all_valid_ranges = false;
        return;
      }

      ssize_t first = -1;
      if (!lhs.empty()) {
        ssize_t v;
        auto res = detail::from_chars(lhs.data(), lhs.data() + lhs.size(), v);
        if (res.ec == std::errc{}) { first = v; }
      }

      ssize_t last = -1;
      if (!rhs.empty()) {
        ssize_t v;
        auto res = detail::from_chars(rhs.data(), rhs.data() + rhs.size(), v);
        if (res.ec == std::errc{}) { last = v; }
      }

      if ((first == -1 && last == -1) ||
          (first != -1 && last != -1 && first > last)) {
        all_valid_ranges = false;
        return;
      }

      ranges.emplace_back(first, last);
    });
    return all_valid_ranges && !ranges.empty();
  }
  return false;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
}
#else
} catch (...) { return false; }
#endif

inline bool parse_accept_header(const std::string &s,
                                std::vector<std::string> &content_types) {
  content_types.clear();

  // Empty string is considered valid (no preference)
  if (s.empty()) { return true; }

  // Check for invalid patterns: leading/trailing commas or consecutive commas
  if (s.front() == ',' || s.back() == ',' ||
      s.find(",,") != std::string::npos) {
    return false;
  }

  struct AcceptEntry {
    std::string media_type;
    double quality;
    int order;
  };

  std::vector<AcceptEntry> entries;
  int order = 0;
  bool has_invalid_entry = false;

  // Split by comma and parse each entry
  split(s.data(), s.data() + s.size(), ',', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
    std::string entry(b, e);
    entry = trim_copy(entry);

    if (entry.empty()) {
      has_invalid_entry = true;
      return;
    }

    AcceptEntry accept_entry;
    accept_entry.order = order++;

    if (!parse_quality(entry.data(), entry.data() + entry.size(),
                       accept_entry.media_type, accept_entry.quality)) {
      has_invalid_entry = true;
      return;
    }

    // Remove additional parameters from media type
    accept_entry.media_type = extract_media_type(accept_entry.media_type);

    // Basic validation of media type format
    if (accept_entry.media_type.empty()) {
      has_invalid_entry = true;
      return;
    }

    // Check for basic media type format (should contain '/' or be '*')
    if (accept_entry.media_type != "*" &&
        accept_entry.media_type.find('/') == std::string::npos) {
      has_invalid_entry = true;
      return;
    }

    entries.push_back(std::move(accept_entry));
  });

  // Return false if any invalid entry was found
  if (has_invalid_entry) { return false; }

  // Sort by quality (descending), then by original order (ascending)
  std::sort(entries.begin(), entries.end(),
            [](const AcceptEntry &a, const AcceptEntry &b) {
              if (a.quality != b.quality) {
                return a.quality > b.quality; // Higher quality first
              }
              return a.order < b.order; // Earlier order first for same quality
            });

  // Extract sorted media types
  content_types.reserve(entries.size());
  for (auto &entry : entries) {
    content_types.push_back(std::move(entry.media_type));
  }

  return true;
}

class FormDataParser {
public:
  FormDataParser() = default;

  void set_boundary(std::string &&boundary) {
    boundary_ = std::move(boundary);
    dash_boundary_crlf_ = dash_ + boundary_ + crlf_;
    crlf_dash_boundary_ = crlf_ + dash_ + boundary_;
  }

  bool is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }

  bool parse(const char *buf, size_t n, const FormDataHeader &header_callback,
             const ContentReceiver &content_callback) {

    buf_append(buf, n);

    while (buf_size() > 0) {
      switch (state_) {
      case 0: { // Initial boundary
        auto pos = buf_find(dash_boundary_crlf_);
        if (pos == buf_size()) { return true; }
        buf_erase(pos + dash_boundary_crlf_.size());
        state_ = 1;
        break;
      }
      case 1: { // New entry
        clear_file_info();
        state_ = 2;
        break;
      }
      case 2: { // Headers
        auto pos = buf_find(crlf_);
        if (pos > CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH) { return false; }
        while (pos < buf_size()) {
          // Empty line
          if (pos == 0) {
            if (!header_callback(file_)) {
              is_valid_ = false;
              return false;
            }
            buf_erase(crlf_.size());
            state_ = 3;
            break;
          }

          const auto header = buf_head(pos);

          if (!parse_header(header.data(), header.data() + header.size(),
                            [&](const std::string &, const std::string &) {})) {
            is_valid_ = false;
            return false;
          }

          // Parse and emplace space trimmed headers into a map
          if (!parse_header(
                  header.data(), header.data() + header.size(),
                  [&](const std::string &key, const std::string &val) {
                    file_.headers.emplace(key, val);
                  })) {
            is_valid_ = false;
            return false;
          }

          constexpr const char header_content_type[] = "Content-Type:";

          if (start_with_case_ignore(header, header_content_type)) {
            file_.content_type =
                trim_copy(header.substr(str_len(header_content_type)));
          } else {
            std::string disposition_params;
            if (parse_content_disposition(header, disposition_params)) {
              Params params;
              parse_disposition_params(disposition_params, params);

              auto it = params.find("name");
              if (it != params.end()) {
                file_.name = it->second;
              } else {
                is_valid_ = false;
                return false;
              }

              it = params.find("filename");
              if (it != params.end()) { file_.filename = it->second; }

              it = params.find("filename*");
              if (it != params.end()) {
                // RFC 5987: only UTF-8 encoding is allowed
                const auto &val = it->second;
                constexpr const char utf8_prefix[] = "UTF-8''";
                constexpr size_t prefix_len = str_len(utf8_prefix);
                if (val.size() > prefix_len &&
                    start_with_case_ignore(val, utf8_prefix)) {
                  file_.filename = decode_path_component(
                      val.substr(prefix_len)); // override...
                } else {
                  is_valid_ = false;
                  return false;
                }
              }
            }
          }
          buf_erase(pos + crlf_.size());
          pos = buf_find(crlf_);
        }
        if (state_ != 3) { return true; }
        break;
      }
      case 3: { // Body
        if (crlf_dash_boundary_.size() > buf_size()) { return true; }
        auto pos = buf_find(crlf_dash_boundary_);
        if (pos < buf_size()) {
          if (!content_callback(buf_data(), pos)) {
            is_valid_ = false;
            return false;
          }
          buf_erase(pos + crlf_dash_boundary_.size());
          state_ = 4;
        } else {
          auto len = buf_size() - crlf_dash_boundary_.size();
          if (len > 0) {
            if (!content_callback(buf_data(), len)) {
              is_valid_ = false;
              return false;
            }
            buf_erase(len);
          }
          return true;
        }
        break;
      }
      case 4: { // Boundary
        if (crlf_.size() > buf_size()) { return true; }
        if (buf_start_with(crlf_)) {
          buf_erase(crlf_.size());
          state_ = 1;
        } else {
          if (dash_.size() > buf_size()) { return true; }
          if (buf_start_with(dash_)) {
            buf_erase(dash_.size());
            is_valid_ = true;
            buf_erase(buf_size()); // Remove epilogue
          } else {
            return true;
          }
        }
        break;
      }
      }
    }

    return true;
  }

private:
  void clear_file_info() {
    file_.name.clear();
    file_.filename.clear();
    file_.content_type.clear();
    file_.headers.clear();
  }

  bool start_with_case_ignore(const std::string &a, const char *b,
                              size_t offset = 0) const {
    const auto b_len = strlen(b);
    if (a.size() < offset + b_len) { return false; }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < b_len; i++) {
      if (case_ignore::to_lower(a[offset + i]) != case_ignore::to_lower(b[i])) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  // Parses "Content-Disposition: form-data; <params>" without std::regex.
  // Returns true if header matches, with the params portion in `params_out`.
  bool parse_content_disposition(const std::string &header,
                                 std::string &params_out) const {
    constexpr const char prefix[] = "Content-Disposition:";
    constexpr size_t prefix_len = str_len(prefix);

    if (!start_with_case_ignore(header, prefix)) { return false; }

    // Skip whitespace after "Content-Disposition:"
    auto pos = prefix_len;
    while (pos < header.size() && (header[pos] == ' ' || header[pos] == '\t')) {
      pos++;
    }

    // Match "form-data;" (case-insensitive)
    constexpr const char form_data[] = "form-data;";
    constexpr size_t form_data_len = str_len(form_data);
    if (!start_with_case_ignore(header, form_data, pos)) { return false; }
    pos += form_data_len;

    // Skip whitespace after "form-data;"
    while (pos < header.size() && (header[pos] == ' ' || header[pos] == '\t')) {
      pos++;
    }

    params_out = header.substr(pos);
    return true;
  }

  const std::string dash_ = "--";
  const std::string crlf_ = "\r\n";
  std::string boundary_;
  std::string dash_boundary_crlf_;
  std::string crlf_dash_boundary_;

  size_t state_ = 0;
  bool is_valid_ = false;
  FormData file_;

  // Buffer
  bool start_with(const std::string &a, size_t spos, size_t epos,
                  const std::string &b) const {
    if (epos - spos < b.size()) { return false; }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < b.size(); i++) {
      if (a[i + spos] != b[i]) { return false; }
    }
    return true;
  }

  size_t buf_size() const { return buf_epos_ - buf_spos_; }

  const char *buf_data() const { return &buf_[buf_spos_]; }

  std::string buf_head(size_t l) const { return buf_.substr(buf_spos_, l); }

  bool buf_start_with(const std::string &s) const {
    return start_with(buf_, buf_spos_, buf_epos_, s);
  }

  size_t buf_find(const std::string &s) const {
    auto c = s.front();

    size_t off = buf_spos_;
    while (off < buf_epos_) {
      auto pos = off;
      while (true) {
        if (pos == buf_epos_) { return buf_size(); }
        if (buf_[pos] == c) { break; }
        pos++;
      }

      auto remaining_size = buf_epos_ - pos;
      if (s.size() > remaining_size) { return buf_size(); }

      if (start_with(buf_, pos, buf_epos_, s)) { return pos - buf_spos_; }

      off = pos + 1;
    }

    return buf_size();
  }

  void buf_append(const char *data, size_t n) {
    auto remaining_size = buf_size();
    if (remaining_size > 0 && buf_spos_ > 0) {
      for (size_t i = 0; i < remaining_size; i++) {
        buf_[i] = buf_[buf_spos_ + i];
      }
    }
    buf_spos_ = 0;
    buf_epos_ = remaining_size;

    if (remaining_size + n > buf_.size()) { buf_.resize(remaining_size + n); }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      buf_[buf_epos_ + i] = data[i];
    }
    buf_epos_ += n;
  }

  void buf_erase(size_t size) { buf_spos_ += size; }

  std::string buf_;
  size_t buf_spos_ = 0;
  size_t buf_epos_ = 0;
};

inline std::string random_string(size_t length) {
  constexpr const char data[] =
      "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";

  thread_local auto engine([]() {
    // std::random_device might actually be deterministic on some
    // platforms, but due to lack of support in the c++ standard library,
    // doing better requires either some ugly hacks or breaking portability.
    std::random_device seed_gen;
    // Request 128 bits of entropy for initialization
    std::seed_seq seed_sequence{seed_gen(), seed_gen(), seed_gen(), seed_gen()};
    return std::mt19937(seed_sequence);
  }());

  std::string result;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    result += data[engine() % (sizeof(data) - 1)];
  }
  return result;
}

inline std::string make_multipart_data_boundary() {
  return "--cpp-httplib-multipart-data-" + detail::random_string(16);
}

inline bool is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(const std::string &boundary) {
  auto valid = true;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < boundary.size(); i++) {
    auto c = boundary[i];
    if (!std::isalnum(c) && c != '-' && c != '_') {
      valid = false;
      break;
    }
  }
  return valid;
}

template <typename T>
inline std::string
serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(const T &item,
                                        const std::string &boundary) {
  std::string body = "--" + boundary + "\r\n";
  body += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + item.name + "\"";
  if (!item.filename.empty()) {
    body += "; filename=\"" + item.filename + "\"";
  }
  body += "\r\n";
  if (!item.content_type.empty()) {
    body += "Content-Type: " + item.content_type + "\r\n";
  }
  body += "\r\n";

  return body;
}

inline std::string serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end() { return "\r\n"; }

inline std::string
serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(const std::string &boundary) {
  return "--" + boundary + "--\r\n";
}

inline std::string
serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(const std::string &boundary) {
  return "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
}

inline std::string
serialize_multipart_formdata(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                             const std::string &boundary, bool finish = true) {
  std::string body;

  for (const auto &item : items) {
    body += serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(item, boundary);
    body += item.content + serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end();
  }

  if (finish) { body += serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary); }

  return body;
}

inline size_t get_multipart_content_length(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                                           const std::string &boundary) {
  size_t total = 0;
  for (const auto &item : items) {
    total += serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(item, boundary).size();
    total += item.content.size();
    total += serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end().size();
  }
  total += serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary).size();
  return total;
}

struct MultipartSegment {
  const char *data;
  size_t size;
};

// NOTE: items must outlive the returned ContentProvider
//       (safe for synchronous use inside Post/Put/Patch)
inline ContentProvider
make_multipart_content_provider(const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                                const std::string &boundary) {
  // Own the per-item header strings and the finish string
  std::vector<std::string> owned;
  owned.reserve(items.size() + 1);
  for (const auto &item : items)
    owned.push_back(serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(item, boundary));
  owned.push_back(serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary));

  // Flat segment list: [header, content, "\r\n"] * N + [finish]
  std::vector<MultipartSegment> segs;
  segs.reserve(items.size() * 3 + 1);
  static const char crlf[] = "\r\n";
  for (size_t i = 0; i < items.size(); i++) {
    segs.push_back({owned[i].data(), owned[i].size()});
    segs.push_back({items[i].content.data(), items[i].content.size()});
    segs.push_back({crlf, 2});
  }
  segs.push_back({owned.back().data(), owned.back().size()});

  struct MultipartState {
    std::vector<std::string> owned;
    std::vector<MultipartSegment> segs;
  };
  auto state = std::make_shared<MultipartState>();
  state->owned = std::move(owned);
  // `segs` holds raw pointers into owned strings; std::string move preserves
  // the data pointer, so these pointers remain valid after the move above.
  state->segs = std::move(segs);

  return [state](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
    size_t pos = 0;
    for (const auto &seg : state->segs) {
      // Loop invariant: pos <= offset (proven by advancing pos only when
      // offset - pos >= seg.size, i.e., the segment doesn't contain offset)
      if (seg.size > 0 && offset - pos < seg.size) {
        size_t seg_offset = offset - pos;
        size_t available = seg.size - seg_offset;
        size_t to_write = (std::min)(available, length);
        return sink.write(seg.data + seg_offset, to_write);
      }
      pos += seg.size;
    }
    return true; // past end (shouldn't be reached when content_length is exact)
  };
}

inline void coalesce_ranges(Ranges &ranges, size_t content_length) {
  if (ranges.size() <= 1) return;

  // Sort ranges by start position
  std::sort(ranges.begin(), ranges.end(),
            [](const Range &a, const Range &b) { return a.first < b.first; });

  Ranges coalesced;
  coalesced.reserve(ranges.size());

  for (auto &r : ranges) {
    auto first_pos = r.first;
    auto last_pos = r.second;

    // Handle special cases like in range_error
    if (first_pos == -1 && last_pos == -1) {
      first_pos = 0;
      last_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length);
    }

    if (first_pos == -1) {
      first_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length) - last_pos;
      last_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length) - 1;
    }

    if (last_pos == -1 || last_pos >= static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length)) {
      last_pos = static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length) - 1;
    }

    // Skip invalid ranges
    if (!(0 <= first_pos && first_pos <= last_pos &&
          last_pos < static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length))) {
      continue;
    }

    // Coalesce with previous range if overlapping or adjacent (but not
    // identical)
    if (!coalesced.empty()) {
      auto &prev = coalesced.back();
      // Check if current range overlaps or is adjacent to previous range
      // but don't coalesce identical ranges (allow duplicates)
      if (first_pos <= prev.second + 1 &&
          !(first_pos == prev.first && last_pos == prev.second)) {
        // Extend the previous range
        prev.second = (std::max)(prev.second, last_pos);
        continue;
      }
    }

    // Add new range
    coalesced.emplace_back(first_pos, last_pos);
  }

  ranges = std::move(coalesced);
}

inline bool range_error(Request &req, Response &res) {
  if (!req.ranges.empty() && 200 <= res.status && res.status < 300) {
    ssize_t content_len = static_cast<ssize_t>(
        res.content_length_ ? res.content_length_ : res.body.size());

    std::vector<std::pair<ssize_t, ssize_t>> processed_ranges;
    size_t overwrapping_count = 0;

    // NOTE: The following Range check is based on '14.2. Range' in RFC 9110
    // 'HTTP Semantics' to avoid potential denial-of-service attacks.
    // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#section-14.2

    // Too many ranges
    if (req.ranges.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_RANGE_MAX_COUNT) { return true; }

    for (auto &r : req.ranges) {
      auto &first_pos = r.first;
      auto &last_pos = r.second;

      if (first_pos == -1 && last_pos == -1) {
        first_pos = 0;
        last_pos = content_len;
      }

      if (first_pos == -1) {
        first_pos = content_len - last_pos;
        last_pos = content_len - 1;
      }

      // NOTE: RFC-9110 '14.1.2. Byte Ranges':
      // A client can limit the number of bytes requested without knowing the
      // size of the selected representation. If the last-pos value is absent,
      // or if the value is greater than or equal to the current length of the
      // representation data, the byte range is interpreted as the remainder of
      // the representation (i.e., the server replaces the value of last-pos
      // with a value that is one less than the current length of the selected
      // representation).
      // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#section-14.1.2-6
      if (last_pos == -1 || last_pos >= content_len) {
        last_pos = content_len - 1;
      }

      // Range must be within content length
      if (!(0 <= first_pos && first_pos <= last_pos &&
            last_pos <= content_len - 1)) {
        return true;
      }

      // Request must not have more than two overlapping ranges
      for (const auto &processed_range : processed_ranges) {
        if (!(last_pos < processed_range.first ||
              first_pos > processed_range.second)) {
          overwrapping_count++;
          if (overwrapping_count > 2) { return true; }
          break; // Only count once per range
        }
      }

      processed_ranges.emplace_back(first_pos, last_pos);
    }

    // After validation, coalesce overlapping ranges as per RFC 9110
    coalesce_ranges(req.ranges, static_cast<size_t>(content_len));
  }

  return false;
}

inline std::pair<size_t, size_t>
get_range_offset_and_length(Range r, size_t content_length) {
  assert(r.first != -1 && r.second != -1);
  assert(0 <= r.first && r.first < static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length));
  assert(r.first <= r.second &&
         r.second < static_cast<ssize_t>(content_length));
  (void)(content_length);
  return std::make_pair(static_cast<size_t>(r.first),
                        static_cast<size_t>(r.second - r.first) + 1);
}

inline std::string make_content_range_header_field(
    const std::pair<size_t, size_t> &offset_and_length, size_t content_length) {
  auto st = offset_and_length.first;
  auto ed = st + offset_and_length.second - 1;

  std::string field = "bytes ";
  field += std::to_string(st);
  field += '-';
  field += std::to_string(ed);
  field += '/';
  field += std::to_string(content_length);
  return field;
}

template <typename SToken, typename CToken, typename Content>
bool process_multipart_ranges_data(const Request &req,
                                   const std::string &boundary,
                                   const std::string &content_type,
                                   size_t content_length, SToken stoken,
                                   CToken ctoken, Content content) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i < req.ranges.size(); i++) {
    ctoken("--");
    stoken(boundary);
    ctoken("\r\n");
    if (!content_type.empty()) {
      ctoken("Content-Type: ");
      stoken(content_type);
      ctoken("\r\n");
    }

    auto offset_and_length =
        get_range_offset_and_length(req.ranges[i], content_length);

    ctoken("Content-Range: ");
    stoken(make_content_range_header_field(offset_and_length, content_length));
    ctoken("\r\n");
    ctoken("\r\n");

    if (!content(offset_and_length.first, offset_and_length.second)) {
      return false;
    }
    ctoken("\r\n");
  }

  ctoken("--");
  stoken(boundary);
  ctoken("--");

  return true;
}

inline void make_multipart_ranges_data(const Request &req, Response &res,
                                       const std::string &boundary,
                                       const std::string &content_type,
                                       size_t content_length,
                                       std::string &data) {
  process_multipart_ranges_data(
      req, boundary, content_type, content_length,
      [&](const std::string &token) { data += token; },
      [&](const std::string &token) { data += token; },
      [&](size_t offset, size_t length) {
        assert(offset + length <= content_length);
        data += res.body.substr(offset, length);
        return true;
      });
}

inline size_t get_multipart_ranges_data_length(const Request &req,
                                               const std::string &boundary,
                                               const std::string &content_type,
                                               size_t content_length) {
  size_t data_length = 0;

  process_multipart_ranges_data(
      req, boundary, content_type, content_length,
      [&](const std::string &token) { data_length += token.size(); },
      [&](const std::string &token) { data_length += token.size(); },
      [&](size_t /*offset*/, size_t length) {
        data_length += length;
        return true;
      });

  return data_length;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool
write_multipart_ranges_data(Stream &strm, const Request &req, Response &res,
                            const std::string &boundary,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            size_t content_length, const T &is_shutting_down) {
  return process_multipart_ranges_data(
      req, boundary, content_type, content_length,
      [&](const std::string &token) { strm.write(token); },
      [&](const std::string &token) { strm.write(token); },
      [&](size_t offset, size_t length) {
        return write_content(strm, res.content_provider_, offset, length,
                             is_shutting_down);
      });
}

inline bool expect_content(const Request &req) {
  if (req.method == "POST" || req.method == "PUT" || req.method == "PATCH" ||
      req.method == "DELETE") {
    return true;
  }
  if (req.has_header("Content-Length") &&
      req.get_header_value_u64("Content-Length") > 0) {
    return true;
  }
  if (is_chunked_transfer_encoding(req.headers)) { return true; }
  return false;
}

#ifdef _WIN32
class WSInit {
public:
  WSInit() {
    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(0x0002, &wsaData) == 0) is_valid_ = true;
  }

  ~WSInit() {
    if (is_valid_) WSACleanup();
  }

  bool is_valid_ = false;
};

static WSInit wsinit_;
#endif

inline bool parse_www_authenticate(const Response &res,
                                   std::map<std::string, std::string> &auth,
                                   bool is_proxy) {
  auto auth_key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authenticate" : "WWW-Authenticate";
  if (res.has_header(auth_key)) {
    thread_local auto re =
        std::regex(R"~((?:(?:,\s*)?(.+?)=(?:"(.*?)"|([^,]*))))~");
    auto s = res.get_header_value(auth_key);
    auto pos = s.find(' ');
    if (pos != std::string::npos) {
      auto type = s.substr(0, pos);
      if (type == "Basic") {
        return false;
      } else if (type == "Digest") {
        s = s.substr(pos + 1);
        auto beg = std::sregex_iterator(s.begin(), s.end(), re);
        for (auto i = beg; i != std::sregex_iterator(); ++i) {
          const auto &m = *i;
          auto key = s.substr(static_cast<size_t>(m.position(1)),
                              static_cast<size_t>(m.length(1)));
          auto val = m.length(2) > 0
                         ? s.substr(static_cast<size_t>(m.position(2)),
                                    static_cast<size_t>(m.length(2)))
                         : s.substr(static_cast<size_t>(m.position(3)),
                                    static_cast<size_t>(m.length(3)));
          auth[std::move(key)] = std::move(val);
        }
        return true;
      }
    }
  }
  return false;
}

class ContentProviderAdapter {
public:
  explicit ContentProviderAdapter(
      ContentProviderWithoutLength &&content_provider)
      : content_provider_(std::move(content_provider)) {}

  bool operator()(size_t offset, size_t, DataSink &sink) {
    return content_provider_(offset, sink);
  }

private:
  ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_;
};

// NOTE: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#section-5
namespace fields {

inline bool is_token_char(char c) {
  return std::isalnum(c) || c == '!' || c == '#' || c == '$' || c == '%' ||
         c == '&' || c == '\'' || c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '-' ||
         c == '.' || c == '^' || c == '_' || c == '`' || c == '|' || c == '~';
}

inline bool is_token(const std::string &s) {
  if (s.empty()) { return false; }
  for (auto c : s) {
    if (!is_token_char(c)) { return false; }
  }
  return true;
}

inline bool is_field_name(const std::string &s) { return is_token(s); }

inline bool is_vchar(char c) { return c >= 33 && c <= 126; }

inline bool is_obs_text(char c) { return 128 <= static_cast<unsigned char>(c); }

inline bool is_field_vchar(char c) { return is_vchar(c) || is_obs_text(c); }

inline bool is_field_content(const std::string &s) {
  if (s.empty()) { return true; }

  if (s.size() == 1) {
    return is_field_vchar(s[0]);
  } else if (s.size() == 2) {
    return is_field_vchar(s[0]) && is_field_vchar(s[1]);
  } else {
    size_t i = 0;

    if (!is_field_vchar(s[i])) { return false; }
    i++;

    while (i < s.size() - 1) {
      auto c = s[i++];
      if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || is_field_vchar(c)) {
      } else {
        return false;
      }
    }

    return is_field_vchar(s[i]);
  }
}

inline bool is_field_value(const std::string &s) { return is_field_content(s); }

} // namespace fields

inline bool perform_websocket_handshake(Stream &strm, const std::string &host,
                                        int port, const std::string &path,
                                        const Headers &headers,
                                        std::string &selected_subprotocol) {
  // Validate path and host
  if (!fields::is_field_value(path) || !fields::is_field_value(host)) {
    return false;
  }

  // Validate user-provided headers
  for (const auto &h : headers) {
    if (!fields::is_field_name(h.first) || !fields::is_field_value(h.second)) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  // Generate random Sec-WebSocket-Key
  thread_local std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}());
  std::string key_bytes(16, '\0');
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i += 4) {
    auto r = rng();
    std::memcpy(&key_bytes[i], &r, (std::min)(size_t(4), size_t(16 - i)));
  }
  auto client_key = base64_encode(key_bytes);

  // Build upgrade request
  std::string req_str = "GET " + path + " HTTP/1.1\r\n";
  req_str += "Host: " + host + ":" + std::to_string(port) + "\r\n";
  req_str += "Upgrade: websocket\r\n";
  req_str += "Connection: Upgrade\r\n";
  req_str += "Sec-WebSocket-Key: " + client_key + "\r\n";
  req_str += "Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13\r\n";
  for (const auto &h : headers) {
    req_str += h.first + ": " + h.second + "\r\n";
  }
  req_str += "\r\n";

  if (strm.write(req_str.data(), req_str.size()) < 0) { return false; }

  // Verify 101 response and Sec-WebSocket-Accept header
  auto expected_accept = websocket_accept_key(client_key);
  return read_websocket_upgrade_response(strm, expected_accept,
                                         selected_subprotocol);
}

} // namespace detail

/*
 * Group 2: detail namespace - SSL common utilities
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
namespace detail {

class SSLSocketStream final : public Stream {
public:
  SSLSocketStream(
      socket_t sock, tls::session_t session, time_t read_timeout_sec,
      time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
      time_t write_timeout_usec, time_t max_timeout_msec = 0,
      std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time =
          (std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min)());
  ~SSLSocketStream() override;

  bool is_readable() const override;
  bool wait_readable() const override;
  bool wait_writable() const override;
  bool is_peer_alive() const override;
  ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override;
  ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override;
  void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
  void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override;
  socket_t socket() const override;
  time_t duration() const override;
  void set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec = 0) override;

private:
  socket_t sock_;
  tls::session_t session_;
  time_t read_timeout_sec_;
  time_t read_timeout_usec_;
  time_t write_timeout_sec_;
  time_t write_timeout_usec_;
  time_t max_timeout_msec_;
  const std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time_;
};

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
inline std::string message_digest(const std::string &s, const EVP_MD *algo) {
  auto context = std::unique_ptr<EVP_MD_CTX, decltype(&EVP_MD_CTX_free)>(
      EVP_MD_CTX_new(), EVP_MD_CTX_free);

  unsigned int hash_length = 0;
  unsigned char hash[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];

  EVP_DigestInit_ex(context.get(), algo, nullptr);
  EVP_DigestUpdate(context.get(), s.c_str(), s.size());
  EVP_DigestFinal_ex(context.get(), hash, &hash_length);

  std::stringstream ss;
  for (auto i = 0u; i < hash_length; ++i) {
    ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0')
       << static_cast<unsigned int>(hash[i]);
  }

  return ss.str();
}

inline std::string MD5(const std::string &s) {
  return message_digest(s, EVP_md5());
}

inline std::string SHA_256(const std::string &s) {
  return message_digest(s, EVP_sha256());
}

inline std::string SHA_512(const std::string &s) {
  return message_digest(s, EVP_sha512());
}
#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT)
namespace {
template <size_t N>
inline std::string hash_to_hex(const unsigned char (&hash)[N]) {
  std::stringstream ss;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
    ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0')
       << static_cast<unsigned int>(hash[i]);
  }
  return ss.str();
}
} // namespace

inline std::string MD5(const std::string &s) {
  unsigned char hash[16];
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  mbedtls_md5(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
              hash);
#else
  mbedtls_md5_ret(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
                  hash);
#endif
  return hash_to_hex(hash);
}

inline std::string SHA_256(const std::string &s) {
  unsigned char hash[32];
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  mbedtls_sha256(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
                 hash, 0);
#else
  mbedtls_sha256_ret(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
                     s.size(), hash, 0);
#endif
  return hash_to_hex(hash);
}

inline std::string SHA_512(const std::string &s) {
  unsigned char hash[64];
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  mbedtls_sha512(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()), s.size(),
                 hash, 0);
#else
  mbedtls_sha512_ret(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
                     s.size(), hash, 0);
#endif
  return hash_to_hex(hash);
}
#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT)
namespace {
template <size_t N>
inline std::string hash_to_hex(const unsigned char (&hash)[N]) {
  std::stringstream ss;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
    ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0')
       << static_cast<unsigned int>(hash[i]);
  }
  return ss.str();
}
} // namespace

inline std::string MD5(const std::string &s) {
  unsigned char hash[WC_MD5_DIGEST_SIZE];
  wc_Md5Hash(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
             static_cast<word32>(s.size()), hash);
  return hash_to_hex(hash);
}

inline std::string SHA_256(const std::string &s) {
  unsigned char hash[WC_SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];
  wc_Sha256Hash(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
                static_cast<word32>(s.size()), hash);
  return hash_to_hex(hash);
}

inline std::string SHA_512(const std::string &s) {
  unsigned char hash[WC_SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE];
  wc_Sha512Hash(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(s.c_str()),
                static_cast<word32>(s.size()), hash);
  return hash_to_hex(hash);
}
#endif

inline bool is_ip_address(const std::string &host) {
  struct in_addr addr4;
  struct in6_addr addr6;
  return inet_pton(AF_INET, host.c_str(), &addr4) == 1 ||
         inet_pton(AF_INET6, host.c_str(), &addr6) == 1;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool process_server_socket_ssl(
    const std::atomic<socket_t> &svr_sock, tls::session_t session,
    socket_t sock, size_t keep_alive_max_count, time_t keep_alive_timeout_sec,
    time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
    time_t write_timeout_usec, T callback) {
  return process_server_socket_core(
      svr_sock, sock, keep_alive_max_count, keep_alive_timeout_sec,
      [&](bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
        SSLSocketStream strm(sock, session, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
                             write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec);
        return callback(strm, close_connection, connection_closed);
      });
}

template <typename T>
inline bool process_client_socket_ssl(
    tls::session_t session, socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec,
    time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
    time_t write_timeout_usec, time_t max_timeout_msec,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time, T callback) {
  SSLSocketStream strm(sock, session, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec,
                       write_timeout_sec, write_timeout_usec, max_timeout_msec,
                       start_time);
  return callback(strm);
}

inline std::pair<std::string, std::string> make_digest_authentication_header(
    const Request &req, const std::map<std::string, std::string> &auth,
    size_t cnonce_count, const std::string &cnonce, const std::string &username,
    const std::string &password, bool is_proxy = false) {
  std::string nc;
  {
    std::stringstream ss;
    ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(8) << std::hex << cnonce_count;
    nc = ss.str();
  }

  std::string qop;
  if (auth.find("qop") != auth.end()) {
    qop = auth.at("qop");
    if (qop.find("auth-int") != std::string::npos) {
      qop = "auth-int";
    } else if (qop.find("auth") != std::string::npos) {
      qop = "auth";
    } else {
      qop.clear();
    }
  }

  std::string algo = "MD5";
  if (auth.find("algorithm") != auth.end()) { algo = auth.at("algorithm"); }

  std::string response;
  {
    auto H = algo == "SHA-256"   ? detail::SHA_256
             : algo == "SHA-512" ? detail::SHA_512
                                 : detail::MD5;

    auto A1 = username + ":" + auth.at("realm") + ":" + password;

    auto A2 = req.method + ":" + req.path;
    if (qop == "auth-int") { A2 += ":" + H(req.body); }

    if (qop.empty()) {
      response = H(H(A1) + ":" + auth.at("nonce") + ":" + H(A2));
    } else {
      response = H(H(A1) + ":" + auth.at("nonce") + ":" + nc + ":" + cnonce +
                   ":" + qop + ":" + H(A2));
    }
  }

  auto opaque = (auth.find("opaque") != auth.end()) ? auth.at("opaque") : "";

  auto field = "Digest username=\"" + username + "\", realm=\"" +
               auth.at("realm") + "\", nonce=\"" + auth.at("nonce") +
               "\", uri=\"" + req.path + "\", algorithm=" + algo +
               (qop.empty() ? ", response=\""
                            : ", qop=" + qop + ", nc=" + nc + ", cnonce=\"" +
                                  cnonce + "\", response=\"") +
               response + "\"" +
               (opaque.empty() ? "" : ", opaque=\"" + opaque + "\"");

  auto key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization" : "Authorization";
  return std::make_pair(key, field);
}

inline bool match_hostname(const std::string &pattern,
                           const std::string &hostname) {
  // Exact match (case-insensitive)
  if (detail::case_ignore::equal(hostname, pattern)) { return true; }

  // Split both pattern and hostname into components by '.'
  std::vector<std::string> pattern_components;
  if (!pattern.empty()) {
    split(pattern.data(), pattern.data() + pattern.size(), '.',
          [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
            pattern_components.emplace_back(b, e);
          });
  }

  std::vector<std::string> host_components;
  if (!hostname.empty()) {
    split(hostname.data(), hostname.data() + hostname.size(), '.',
          [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
            host_components.emplace_back(b, e);
          });
  }

  // Component count must match
  if (host_components.size() != pattern_components.size()) { return false; }

  // Compare each component with wildcard support
  // Supports: "*" (full wildcard), "prefix*" (partial wildcard)
  // https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/firefox-3.0/+bug/376484
  auto itr = pattern_components.begin();
  for (const auto &h : host_components) {
    auto &p = *itr;
    if (!detail::case_ignore::equal(p, h) && p != "*") {
      bool partial_match = false;
      if (!p.empty() && p[p.size() - 1] == '*') {
        const auto prefix_length = p.size() - 1;
        if (prefix_length == 0) {
          partial_match = true;
        } else if (h.size() >= prefix_length) {
          partial_match =
              std::equal(p.begin(),
                         p.begin() + static_cast<std::string::difference_type>(
                                         prefix_length),
                         h.begin(), [](const char ca, const char cb) {
                           return detail::case_ignore::to_lower(ca) ==
                                  detail::case_ignore::to_lower(cb);
                         });
        }
      }
      if (!partial_match) { return false; }
    }
    ++itr;
  }

  return true;
}

#ifdef _WIN32
// Verify certificate using Windows CertGetCertificateChain API.
// This provides real-time certificate validation with Windows Update
// integration, independent of the TLS backend (OpenSSL or MbedTLS).
inline bool
verify_cert_with_windows_schannel(const std::vector<unsigned char> &der_cert,
                                  const std::string &hostname,
                                  bool verify_hostname, uint64_t &out_error) {
  if (der_cert.empty()) { return false; }

  out_error = 0;

  // Create Windows certificate context from DER data
  auto cert_context = CertCreateCertificateContext(
      X509_ASN_ENCODING | PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING, der_cert.data(),
      static_cast<DWORD>(der_cert.size()));

  if (!cert_context) {
    out_error = GetLastError();
    return false;
  }

  auto cert_guard =
      scope_exit([&] { CertFreeCertificateContext(cert_context); });

  // Setup chain parameters
  CERT_CHAIN_PARA chain_para = {};
  chain_para.cbSize = sizeof(chain_para);

  // Build certificate chain with revocation checking
  PCCERT_CHAIN_CONTEXT chain_context = nullptr;
  auto chain_result = CertGetCertificateChain(
      nullptr, cert_context, nullptr, cert_context->hCertStore, &chain_para,
      CERT_CHAIN_CACHE_END_CERT | CERT_CHAIN_REVOCATION_CHECK_END_CERT |
          CERT_CHAIN_REVOCATION_ACCUMULATIVE_TIMEOUT,
      nullptr, &chain_context);

  if (!chain_result || !chain_context) {
    out_error = GetLastError();
    return false;
  }

  auto chain_guard =
      scope_exit([&] { CertFreeCertificateChain(chain_context); });

  // Check if chain has errors
  if (chain_context->TrustStatus.dwErrorStatus != CERT_TRUST_NO_ERROR) {
    out_error = chain_context->TrustStatus.dwErrorStatus;
    return false;
  }

  // Verify SSL policy
  SSL_EXTRA_CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_PARA extra_policy_para = {};
  extra_policy_para.cbSize = sizeof(extra_policy_para);
#ifdef AUTHTYPE_SERVER
  extra_policy_para.dwAuthType = AUTHTYPE_SERVER;
#endif

  std::wstring whost;
  if (verify_hostname) {
    whost = u8string_to_wstring(hostname.c_str());
    extra_policy_para.pwszServerName = const_cast<wchar_t *>(whost.c_str());
  }

  CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_PARA policy_para = {};
  policy_para.cbSize = sizeof(policy_para);
#ifdef CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_IGNORE_ALL_REV_UNKNOWN_FLAGS
  policy_para.dwFlags = CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_IGNORE_ALL_REV_UNKNOWN_FLAGS;
#else
  policy_para.dwFlags = 0;
#endif
  policy_para.pvExtraPolicyPara = &extra_policy_para;

  CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_STATUS policy_status = {};
  policy_status.cbSize = sizeof(policy_status);

  if (!CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy(CERT_CHAIN_POLICY_SSL, chain_context,
                                        &policy_para, &policy_status)) {
    out_error = GetLastError();
    return false;
  }

  if (policy_status.dwError != 0) {
    out_error = policy_status.dwError;
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}
#endif // _WIN32

inline bool setup_client_tls_session(const std::string &host, tls::ctx_t &ctx,
                                     tls::session_t &session, socket_t sock,
                                     bool server_certificate_verification,
                                     const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
                                     tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store,
                                     time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec) {
  using namespace tls;

  ctx = create_client_context();
  if (!ctx) { return false; }

  if (server_certificate_verification) {
    if (!ca_cert_file_path.empty()) {
      load_ca_file(ctx, ca_cert_file_path.c_str());
    }
    if (ca_cert_store) { set_ca_store(ctx, ca_cert_store); }
    load_system_certs(ctx);
  }

  bool is_ip = is_ip_address(host);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
  if (is_ip && server_certificate_verification) {
    set_verify_client(ctx, false);
  } else {
    set_verify_client(ctx, server_certificate_verification);
  }
#endif

  session = create_session(ctx, sock);
  if (!session) { return false; }

  // RFC 6066: SNI must not be set for IP addresses
  if (!is_ip) { set_sni(session, host.c_str()); }
  if (server_certificate_verification) { set_hostname(session, host.c_str()); }

  if (!connect_nonblocking(session, sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec, nullptr)) {
    return false;
  }

  if (server_certificate_verification) {
    if (get_verify_result(session) != 0) { return false; }
  }

  return true;
}

} // namespace detail
#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

/*
 * Group 3: httplib namespace - Non-SSL public API implementations
 */

inline void default_socket_options(socket_t sock) {
  detail::set_socket_opt(sock, SOL_SOCKET,
#ifdef SO_REUSEPORT
                         SO_REUSEPORT,
#else
                         SO_REUSEADDR,
#endif
                         1);
}

inline std::string get_bearer_token_auth(const Request &req) {
  if (req.has_header("Authorization")) {
    constexpr auto bearer_header_prefix_len = detail::str_len("Bearer ");
    return req.get_header_value("Authorization")
        .substr(bearer_header_prefix_len);
  }
  return "";
}

inline const char *status_message(int status) {
  switch (status) {
  case StatusCode::Continue_100: return "Continue";
  case StatusCode::SwitchingProtocol_101: return "Switching Protocol";
  case StatusCode::Processing_102: return "Processing";
  case StatusCode::EarlyHints_103: return "Early Hints";
  case StatusCode::OK_200: return "OK";
  case StatusCode::Created_201: return "Created";
  case StatusCode::Accepted_202: return "Accepted";
  case StatusCode::NonAuthoritativeInformation_203:
    return "Non-Authoritative Information";
  case StatusCode::NoContent_204: return "No Content";
  case StatusCode::ResetContent_205: return "Reset Content";
  case StatusCode::PartialContent_206: return "Partial Content";
  case StatusCode::MultiStatus_207: return "Multi-Status";
  case StatusCode::AlreadyReported_208: return "Already Reported";
  case StatusCode::IMUsed_226: return "IM Used";
  case StatusCode::MultipleChoices_300: return "Multiple Choices";
  case StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301: return "Moved Permanently";
  case StatusCode::Found_302: return "Found";
  case StatusCode::SeeOther_303: return "See Other";
  case StatusCode::NotModified_304: return "Not Modified";
  case StatusCode::UseProxy_305: return "Use Proxy";
  case StatusCode::unused_306: return "unused";
  case StatusCode::TemporaryRedirect_307: return "Temporary Redirect";
  case StatusCode::PermanentRedirect_308: return "Permanent Redirect";
  case StatusCode::BadRequest_400: return "Bad Request";
  case StatusCode::Unauthorized_401: return "Unauthorized";
  case StatusCode::PaymentRequired_402: return "Payment Required";
  case StatusCode::Forbidden_403: return "Forbidden";
  case StatusCode::NotFound_404: return "Not Found";
  case StatusCode::MethodNotAllowed_405: return "Method Not Allowed";
  case StatusCode::NotAcceptable_406: return "Not Acceptable";
  case StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407:
    return "Proxy Authentication Required";
  case StatusCode::RequestTimeout_408: return "Request Timeout";
  case StatusCode::Conflict_409: return "Conflict";
  case StatusCode::Gone_410: return "Gone";
  case StatusCode::LengthRequired_411: return "Length Required";
  case StatusCode::PreconditionFailed_412: return "Precondition Failed";
  case StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413: return "Payload Too Large";
  case StatusCode::UriTooLong_414: return "URI Too Long";
  case StatusCode::UnsupportedMediaType_415: return "Unsupported Media Type";
  case StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416: return "Range Not Satisfiable";
  case StatusCode::ExpectationFailed_417: return "Expectation Failed";
  case StatusCode::ImATeapot_418: return "I'm a teapot";
  case StatusCode::MisdirectedRequest_421: return "Misdirected Request";
  case StatusCode::UnprocessableContent_422: return "Unprocessable Content";
  case StatusCode::Locked_423: return "Locked";
  case StatusCode::FailedDependency_424: return "Failed Dependency";
  case StatusCode::TooEarly_425: return "Too Early";
  case StatusCode::UpgradeRequired_426: return "Upgrade Required";
  case StatusCode::PreconditionRequired_428: return "Precondition Required";
  case StatusCode::TooManyRequests_429: return "Too Many Requests";
  case StatusCode::RequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge_431:
    return "Request Header Fields Too Large";
  case StatusCode::UnavailableForLegalReasons_451:
    return "Unavailable For Legal Reasons";
  case StatusCode::NotImplemented_501: return "Not Implemented";
  case StatusCode::BadGateway_502: return "Bad Gateway";
  case StatusCode::ServiceUnavailable_503: return "Service Unavailable";
  case StatusCode::GatewayTimeout_504: return "Gateway Timeout";
  case StatusCode::HttpVersionNotSupported_505:
    return "HTTP Version Not Supported";
  case StatusCode::VariantAlsoNegotiates_506: return "Variant Also Negotiates";
  case StatusCode::InsufficientStorage_507: return "Insufficient Storage";
  case StatusCode::LoopDetected_508: return "Loop Detected";
  case StatusCode::NotExtended_510: return "Not Extended";
  case StatusCode::NetworkAuthenticationRequired_511:
    return "Network Authentication Required";

  default:
  case StatusCode::InternalServerError_500: return "Internal Server Error";
  }
}

inline std::string to_string(const Error error) {
  switch (error) {
  case Error::Success: return "Success (no error)";
  case Error::Unknown: return "Unknown";
  case Error::Connection: return "Could not establish connection";
  case Error::BindIPAddress: return "Failed to bind IP address";
  case Error::Read: return "Failed to read connection";
  case Error::Write: return "Failed to write connection";
  case Error::ExceedRedirectCount: return "Maximum redirect count exceeded";
  case Error::Canceled: return "Connection handling canceled";
  case Error::SSLConnection: return "SSL connection failed";
  case Error::SSLLoadingCerts: return "SSL certificate loading failed";
  case Error::SSLServerVerification: return "SSL server verification failed";
  case Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification:
    return "SSL server hostname verification failed";
  case Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars:
    return "Unsupported HTTP multipart boundary characters";
  case Error::Compression: return "Compression failed";
  case Error::ConnectionTimeout: return "Connection timed out";
  case Error::ProxyConnection: return "Proxy connection failed";
  case Error::ConnectionClosed: return "Connection closed by server";
  case Error::Timeout: return "Read timeout";
  case Error::ResourceExhaustion: return "Resource exhaustion";
  case Error::TooManyFormDataFiles: return "Too many form data files";
  case Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize: return "Exceeded maximum payload size";
  case Error::ExceedUriMaxLength: return "Exceeded maximum URI length";
  case Error::ExceedMaxSocketDescriptorCount:
    return "Exceeded maximum socket descriptor count";
  case Error::InvalidRequestLine: return "Invalid request line";
  case Error::InvalidHTTPMethod: return "Invalid HTTP method";
  case Error::InvalidHTTPVersion: return "Invalid HTTP version";
  case Error::InvalidHeaders: return "Invalid headers";
  case Error::MultipartParsing: return "Multipart parsing failed";
  case Error::OpenFile: return "Failed to open file";
  case Error::Listen: return "Failed to listen on socket";
  case Error::GetSockName: return "Failed to get socket name";
  case Error::UnsupportedAddressFamily: return "Unsupported address family";
  case Error::HTTPParsing: return "HTTP parsing failed";
  case Error::InvalidRangeHeader: return "Invalid Range header";
  default: break;
  }

  return "Invalid";
}

inline std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Error &obj) {
  os << to_string(obj);
  os << " (" << static_cast<std::underlying_type<Error>::type>(obj) << ')';
  return os;
}

inline std::string hosted_at(const std::string &hostname) {
  std::vector<std::string> addrs;
  hosted_at(hostname, addrs);
  if (addrs.empty()) { return std::string(); }
  return addrs[0];
}

inline void hosted_at(const std::string &hostname,
                      std::vector<std::string> &addrs) {
  struct addrinfo hints;
  struct addrinfo *result;

  memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  hints.ai_protocol = 0;

  if (detail::getaddrinfo_with_timeout(hostname.c_str(), nullptr, &hints,
                                       &result, 0)) {
#if defined __linux__ && !defined __ANDROID__
    res_init();
#endif
    return;
  }
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { freeaddrinfo(result); });

  for (auto rp = result; rp; rp = rp->ai_next) {
    const auto &addr =
        *reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_storage *>(rp->ai_addr);
    std::string ip;
    auto dummy = -1;
    if (detail::get_ip_and_port(addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage), ip,
                                dummy)) {
      addrs.emplace_back(std::move(ip));
    }
  }
}

inline std::string encode_uri_component(const std::string &value) {
  std::ostringstream escaped;
  escaped.fill('0');
  escaped << std::hex;

  for (auto c : value) {
    if (std::isalnum(static_cast<uint8_t>(c)) || c == '-' || c == '_' ||
        c == '.' || c == '!' || c == '~' || c == '*' || c == '\'' || c == '(' ||
        c == ')') {
      escaped << c;
    } else {
      escaped << std::uppercase;
      escaped << '%' << std::setw(2)
              << static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned char>(c));
      escaped << std::nouppercase;
    }
  }

  return escaped.str();
}

inline std::string encode_uri(const std::string &value) {
  std::ostringstream escaped;
  escaped.fill('0');
  escaped << std::hex;

  for (auto c : value) {
    if (std::isalnum(static_cast<uint8_t>(c)) || c == '-' || c == '_' ||
        c == '.' || c == '!' || c == '~' || c == '*' || c == '\'' || c == '(' ||
        c == ')' || c == ';' || c == '/' || c == '?' || c == ':' || c == '@' ||
        c == '&' || c == '=' || c == '+' || c == '$' || c == ',' || c == '#') {
      escaped << c;
    } else {
      escaped << std::uppercase;
      escaped << '%' << std::setw(2)
              << static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned char>(c));
      escaped << std::nouppercase;
    }
  }

  return escaped.str();
}

inline std::string decode_uri_component(const std::string &value) {
  std::string result;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); i++) {
    if (value[i] == '%' && i + 2 < value.size()) {
      auto val = 0;
      if (detail::from_hex_to_i(value, i + 1, 2, val)) {
        result += static_cast<char>(val);
        i += 2;
      } else {
        result += value[i];
      }
    } else {
      result += value[i];
    }
  }

  return result;
}

inline std::string decode_uri(const std::string &value) {
  std::string result;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); i++) {
    if (value[i] == '%' && i + 2 < value.size()) {
      auto val = 0;
      if (detail::from_hex_to_i(value, i + 1, 2, val)) {
        result += static_cast<char>(val);
        i += 2;
      } else {
        result += value[i];
      }
    } else {
      result += value[i];
    }
  }

  return result;
}

inline std::string encode_path_component(const std::string &component) {
  std::string result;
  result.reserve(component.size() * 3);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
    auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(component[i]);

    // Unreserved characters per RFC 3986: ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
    if (std::isalnum(c) || c == '-' || c == '.' || c == '_' || c == '~') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    }
    // Path-safe sub-delimiters: "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" /
    // "," / ";" / "="
    else if (c == '!' || c == '$' || c == '&' || c == '\'' || c == '(' ||
             c == ')' || c == '*' || c == '+' || c == ',' || c == ';' ||
             c == '=') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    }
    // Colon is allowed in path segments except first segment
    else if (c == ':') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    }
    // @ is allowed in path
    else if (c == '@') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    } else {
      result += '%';
      char hex[3];
      snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", c);
      result.append(hex, 2);
    }
  }
  return result;
}

inline std::string decode_path_component(const std::string &component) {
  std::string result;
  result.reserve(component.size());

  for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
    if (component[i] == '%' && i + 1 < component.size()) {
      if (component[i + 1] == 'u') {
        // Unicode %uXXXX encoding
        auto val = 0;
        if (detail::from_hex_to_i(component, i + 2, 4, val)) {
          // 4 digits Unicode codes: val is 0x0000-0xFFFF (from 4 hex digits),
          // so to_utf8 writes at most 3 bytes. buff[4] is safe.
          char buff[4];
          size_t len = detail::to_utf8(val, buff);
          if (len > 0) { result.append(buff, len); }
          i += 5; // 'u0000'
        } else {
          result += component[i];
        }
      } else {
        // Standard %XX encoding
        auto val = 0;
        if (detail::from_hex_to_i(component, i + 1, 2, val)) {
          // 2 digits hex codes
          result += static_cast<char>(val);
          i += 2; // 'XX'
        } else {
          result += component[i];
        }
      }
    } else {
      result += component[i];
    }
  }
  return result;
}

inline std::string encode_query_component(const std::string &component,
                                          bool space_as_plus) {
  std::string result;
  result.reserve(component.size() * 3);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
    auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(component[i]);

    // Unreserved characters per RFC 3986
    if (std::isalnum(c) || c == '-' || c == '.' || c == '_' || c == '~') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    }
    // Space handling
    else if (c == ' ') {
      if (space_as_plus) {
        result += '+';
      } else {
        result += "%20";
      }
    }
    // Plus sign handling
    else if (c == '+') {
      if (space_as_plus) {
        result += "%2B";
      } else {
        result += static_cast<char>(c);
      }
    }
    // Query-safe sub-delimiters (excluding & and = which are query delimiters)
    else if (c == '!' || c == '$' || c == '\'' || c == '(' || c == ')' ||
             c == '*' || c == ',' || c == ';') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    }
    // Colon and @ are allowed in query
    else if (c == ':' || c == '@') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    }
    // Forward slash is allowed in query values
    else if (c == '/') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    }
    // Question mark is allowed in query values (after first ?)
    else if (c == '?') {
      result += static_cast<char>(c);
    } else {
      result += '%';
      char hex[3];
      snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", c);
      result.append(hex, 2);
    }
  }
  return result;
}

inline std::string decode_query_component(const std::string &component,
                                          bool plus_as_space) {
  std::string result;
  result.reserve(component.size());

  for (size_t i = 0; i < component.size(); i++) {
    if (component[i] == '%' && i + 2 < component.size()) {
      std::string hex = component.substr(i + 1, 2);
      char *end;
      unsigned long value = std::strtoul(hex.c_str(), &end, 16);
      if (end == hex.c_str() + 2) {
        result += static_cast<char>(value);
        i += 2;
      } else {
        result += component[i];
      }
    } else if (component[i] == '+' && plus_as_space) {
      result += ' '; // + becomes space in form-urlencoded
    } else {
      result += component[i];
    }
  }
  return result;
}

inline std::string sanitize_filename(const std::string &filename) {
  // Extract basename: find the last path separator (/ or \)
  auto pos = filename.find_last_of("/\\");
  auto result =
      (pos != std::string::npos) ? filename.substr(pos + 1) : filename;

  // Strip null bytes
  result.erase(std::remove(result.begin(), result.end(), '\0'), result.end());

  // Trim whitespace
  {
    auto start = result.find_first_not_of(" \t");
    auto end = result.find_last_not_of(" \t");
    result = (start == std::string::npos)
                 ? ""
                 : result.substr(start, end - start + 1);
  }

  // Reject . and ..
  if (result == "." || result == "..") { return ""; }

  return result;
}

inline std::string append_query_params(const std::string &path,
                                       const Params &params) {
  std::string path_with_query = path;
  thread_local const std::regex re("[^?]+\\?.*");
  auto delm = std::regex_match(path, re) ? '&' : '?';
  path_with_query += delm + detail::params_to_query_str(params);
  return path_with_query;
}

// Header utilities
inline std::pair<std::string, std::string>
make_range_header(const Ranges &ranges) {
  std::string field = "bytes=";
  auto i = 0;
  for (const auto &r : ranges) {
    if (i != 0) { field += ", "; }
    if (r.first != -1) { field += std::to_string(r.first); }
    field += '-';
    if (r.second != -1) { field += std::to_string(r.second); }
    i++;
  }
  return std::make_pair("Range", std::move(field));
}

inline std::pair<std::string, std::string>
make_basic_authentication_header(const std::string &username,
                                 const std::string &password, bool is_proxy) {
  auto field = "Basic " + detail::base64_encode(username + ":" + password);
  auto key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization" : "Authorization";
  return std::make_pair(key, std::move(field));
}

inline std::pair<std::string, std::string>
make_bearer_token_authentication_header(const std::string &token,
                                        bool is_proxy = false) {
  auto field = "Bearer " + token;
  auto key = is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization" : "Authorization";
  return std::make_pair(key, std::move(field));
}

// Request implementation
inline size_t Request::get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def,
                                            size_t id) const {
  return detail::get_header_value_u64(headers, key, def, id);
}

inline bool Request::has_header(const std::string &key) const {
  return detail::has_header(headers, key);
}

inline std::string Request::get_header_value(const std::string &key,
                                             const char *def, size_t id) const {
  return detail::get_header_value(headers, key, def, id);
}

inline size_t Request::get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = headers.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

inline void Request::set_header(const std::string &key,
                                const std::string &val) {
  if (detail::fields::is_field_name(key) &&
      detail::fields::is_field_value(val)) {
    headers.emplace(key, val);
  }
}

inline bool Request::has_trailer(const std::string &key) const {
  return trailers.find(key) != trailers.end();
}

inline std::string Request::get_trailer_value(const std::string &key,
                                              size_t id) const {
  auto rng = trailers.equal_range(key);
  auto it = rng.first;
  std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
  if (it != rng.second) { return it->second; }
  return std::string();
}

inline size_t Request::get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = trailers.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

inline bool Request::has_param(const std::string &key) const {
  return params.find(key) != params.end();
}

inline std::string Request::get_param_value(const std::string &key,
                                            size_t id) const {
  auto rng = params.equal_range(key);
  auto it = rng.first;
  std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
  if (it != rng.second) { return it->second; }
  return std::string();
}

inline size_t Request::get_param_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = params.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

inline bool Request::is_multipart_form_data() const {
  const auto &content_type = get_header_value("Content-Type");
  return detail::extract_media_type(content_type) == "multipart/form-data";
}

// Multipart FormData implementation
inline std::string MultipartFormData::get_field(const std::string &key,
                                                size_t id) const {
  auto rng = fields.equal_range(key);
  auto it = rng.first;
  std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
  if (it != rng.second) { return it->second.content; }
  return std::string();
}

inline std::vector<std::string>
MultipartFormData::get_fields(const std::string &key) const {
  std::vector<std::string> values;
  auto rng = fields.equal_range(key);
  for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; it++) {
    values.push_back(it->second.content);
  }
  return values;
}

inline bool MultipartFormData::has_field(const std::string &key) const {
  return fields.find(key) != fields.end();
}

inline size_t MultipartFormData::get_field_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = fields.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

inline FormData MultipartFormData::get_file(const std::string &key,
                                            size_t id) const {
  auto rng = files.equal_range(key);
  auto it = rng.first;
  std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
  if (it != rng.second) { return it->second; }
  return FormData();
}

inline std::vector<FormData>
MultipartFormData::get_files(const std::string &key) const {
  std::vector<FormData> values;
  auto rng = files.equal_range(key);
  for (auto it = rng.first; it != rng.second; it++) {
    values.push_back(it->second);
  }
  return values;
}

inline bool MultipartFormData::has_file(const std::string &key) const {
  return files.find(key) != files.end();
}

inline size_t MultipartFormData::get_file_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = files.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

// Response implementation
inline size_t Response::get_header_value_u64(const std::string &key, size_t def,
                                             size_t id) const {
  return detail::get_header_value_u64(headers, key, def, id);
}

inline bool Response::has_header(const std::string &key) const {
  return headers.find(key) != headers.end();
}

inline std::string Response::get_header_value(const std::string &key,
                                              const char *def,
                                              size_t id) const {
  return detail::get_header_value(headers, key, def, id);
}

inline size_t Response::get_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = headers.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

inline void Response::set_header(const std::string &key,
                                 const std::string &val) {
  if (detail::fields::is_field_name(key) &&
      detail::fields::is_field_value(val)) {
    headers.emplace(key, val);
  }
}
inline bool Response::has_trailer(const std::string &key) const {
  return trailers.find(key) != trailers.end();
}

inline std::string Response::get_trailer_value(const std::string &key,
                                               size_t id) const {
  auto rng = trailers.equal_range(key);
  auto it = rng.first;
  std::advance(it, static_cast<ssize_t>(id));
  if (it != rng.second) { return it->second; }
  return std::string();
}

inline size_t Response::get_trailer_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = trailers.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

inline void Response::set_redirect(const std::string &url, int stat) {
  if (detail::fields::is_field_value(url)) {
    set_header("Location", url);
    if (300 <= stat && stat < 400) {
      this->status = stat;
    } else {
      this->status = StatusCode::Found_302;
    }
  }
}

inline void Response::set_content(const char *s, size_t n,
                                  const std::string &content_type) {
  body.assign(s, n);

  auto rng = headers.equal_range("Content-Type");
  headers.erase(rng.first, rng.second);
  set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
}

inline void Response::set_content(const std::string &s,
                                  const std::string &content_type) {
  set_content(s.data(), s.size(), content_type);
}

inline void Response::set_content(std::string &&s,
                                  const std::string &content_type) {
  body = std::move(s);

  auto rng = headers.equal_range("Content-Type");
  headers.erase(rng.first, rng.second);
  set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
}

inline void Response::set_content_provider(
    size_t in_length, const std::string &content_type, ContentProvider provider,
    ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser) {
  set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
  content_length_ = in_length;
  if (in_length > 0) { content_provider_ = std::move(provider); }
  content_provider_resource_releaser_ = std::move(resource_releaser);
  is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
}

inline void Response::set_content_provider(
    const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
    ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser) {
  set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
  content_length_ = 0;
  content_provider_ = detail::ContentProviderAdapter(std::move(provider));
  content_provider_resource_releaser_ = std::move(resource_releaser);
  is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
}

inline void Response::set_chunked_content_provider(
    const std::string &content_type, ContentProviderWithoutLength provider,
    ContentProviderResourceReleaser resource_releaser) {
  set_header("Content-Type", content_type);
  content_length_ = 0;
  content_provider_ = detail::ContentProviderAdapter(std::move(provider));
  content_provider_resource_releaser_ = std::move(resource_releaser);
  is_chunked_content_provider_ = true;
}

inline void Response::set_file_content(const std::string &path,
                                       const std::string &content_type) {
  file_content_path_ = path;
  file_content_content_type_ = content_type;
}

inline void Response::set_file_content(const std::string &path) {
  file_content_path_ = path;
}

// Result implementation
inline size_t Result::get_request_header_value_u64(const std::string &key,
                                                   size_t def,
                                                   size_t id) const {
  return detail::get_header_value_u64(request_headers_, key, def, id);
}

inline bool Result::has_request_header(const std::string &key) const {
  return request_headers_.find(key) != request_headers_.end();
}

inline std::string Result::get_request_header_value(const std::string &key,
                                                    const char *def,
                                                    size_t id) const {
  return detail::get_header_value(request_headers_, key, def, id);
}

inline size_t
Result::get_request_header_value_count(const std::string &key) const {
  auto r = request_headers_.equal_range(key);
  return static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(r.first, r.second));
}

// Stream implementation
inline ssize_t Stream::write(const char *ptr) {
  return write(ptr, strlen(ptr));
}

inline ssize_t Stream::write(const std::string &s) {
  return write(s.data(), s.size());
}

// BodyReader implementation
inline ssize_t detail::BodyReader::read(char *buf, size_t len) {
  if (!stream) {
    last_error = Error::Connection;
    return -1;
  }
  if (eof) { return 0; }

  if (!chunked) {
    // Content-Length based reading
    if (has_content_length && bytes_read >= content_length) {
      eof = true;
      return 0;
    }

    auto to_read = len;
    if (has_content_length) {
      auto remaining = content_length - bytes_read;
      to_read = (std::min)(len, remaining);
    }
    auto n = stream->read(buf, to_read);

    if (n < 0) {
      last_error = stream->get_error();
      if (last_error == Error::Success) { last_error = Error::Read; }
      eof = true;
      return n;
    }
    if (n == 0) {
      // Unexpected EOF before content_length
      last_error = stream->get_error();
      if (last_error == Error::Success) { last_error = Error::Read; }
      eof = true;
      return 0;
    }

    bytes_read += static_cast<size_t>(n);
    if (has_content_length && bytes_read >= content_length) { eof = true; }
    if (payload_max_length > 0 && bytes_read > payload_max_length) {
      last_error = Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize;
      eof = true;
      return -1;
    }
    return n;
  }

  // Chunked transfer encoding: delegate to shared decoder instance.
  if (!chunked_decoder) { chunked_decoder.reset(new ChunkedDecoder(*stream)); }

  size_t chunk_offset = 0;
  size_t chunk_total = 0;
  auto n = chunked_decoder->read_payload(buf, len, chunk_offset, chunk_total);
  if (n < 0) {
    last_error = stream->get_error();
    if (last_error == Error::Success) { last_error = Error::Read; }
    eof = true;
    return n;
  }

  if (n == 0) {
    // Final chunk observed. Leave trailer parsing to the caller (StreamHandle).
    eof = true;
    return 0;
  }

  bytes_read += static_cast<size_t>(n);
  if (payload_max_length > 0 && bytes_read > payload_max_length) {
    last_error = Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize;
    eof = true;
    return -1;
  }
  return n;
}

// ThreadPool implementation
inline ThreadPool::ThreadPool(size_t n, size_t max_n, size_t mqr)
    : base_thread_count_(n), max_queued_requests_(mqr), idle_thread_count_(0),
      shutdown_(false) {
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  if (max_n != 0 && max_n < n) {
    std::string msg = "max_threads must be >= base_threads";
    throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
  }
#endif
  max_thread_count_ = max_n == 0 ? n : max_n;
  threads_.reserve(base_thread_count_);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < base_thread_count_; i++) {
    threads_.emplace_back(std::thread([this]() { worker(false); }));
  }
}

inline bool ThreadPool::enqueue(std::function<void()> fn) {
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
    if (shutdown_) { return false; }
    if (max_queued_requests_ > 0 && jobs_.size() >= max_queued_requests_) {
      return false;
    }
    jobs_.push_back(std::move(fn));

    // Spawn a dynamic thread if no idle threads and under max
    if (idle_thread_count_ == 0 &&
        threads_.size() + dynamic_threads_.size() < max_thread_count_) {
      cleanup_finished_threads();
      dynamic_threads_.emplace_back(std::thread([this]() { worker(true); }));
    }
  }

  cond_.notify_one();
  return true;
}

inline void ThreadPool::shutdown() {
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
    shutdown_ = true;
  }

  cond_.notify_all();

  for (auto &t : threads_) {
    if (t.joinable()) { t.join(); }
  }

  // Move dynamic_threads_ to a local list under the lock to avoid racing
  // with worker threads that call move_to_finished() concurrently.
  std::list<std::thread> remaining_dynamic;
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
    remaining_dynamic = std::move(dynamic_threads_);
  }
  for (auto &t : remaining_dynamic) {
    if (t.joinable()) { t.join(); }
  }

  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
  cleanup_finished_threads();
}

inline void ThreadPool::move_to_finished(std::thread::id id) {
  // Must be called with mutex_ held
  for (auto it = dynamic_threads_.begin(); it != dynamic_threads_.end(); ++it) {
    if (it->get_id() == id) {
      finished_threads_.push_back(std::move(*it));
      dynamic_threads_.erase(it);
      return;
    }
  }
}

inline void ThreadPool::cleanup_finished_threads() {
  // Must be called with mutex_ held
  for (auto &t : finished_threads_) {
    if (t.joinable()) { t.join(); }
  }
  finished_threads_.clear();
}

inline void ThreadPool::worker(bool is_dynamic) {
  for (;;) {
    std::function<void()> fn;
    {
      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
      idle_thread_count_++;

      if (is_dynamic) {
        auto has_work = cond_.wait_for(
            lock, std::chrono::seconds(CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT),
            [&] { return !jobs_.empty() || shutdown_; });
        if (!has_work) {
          // Timed out with no work - exit this dynamic thread
          idle_thread_count_--;
          move_to_finished(std::this_thread::get_id());
          break;
        }
      } else {
        cond_.wait(lock, [&] { return !jobs_.empty() || shutdown_; });
      }

      idle_thread_count_--;

      if (shutdown_ && jobs_.empty()) { break; }

      fn = std::move(jobs_.front());
      jobs_.pop_front();
    }

    assert(true == static_cast<bool>(fn));
    fn();

    // Dynamic thread: exit if queue is empty after task completion
    if (is_dynamic) {
      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
      if (jobs_.empty()) {
        move_to_finished(std::this_thread::get_id());
        break;
      }
    }
  }

#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT) && !defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL) &&   \
    !defined(LIBRESSL_VERSION_NUMBER)
  OPENSSL_thread_stop();
#endif
}

/*
 * Group 1 (continued): detail namespace - Stream implementations
 */

namespace detail {

inline void calc_actual_timeout(time_t max_timeout_msec, time_t duration_msec,
                                time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
                                time_t &actual_timeout_sec,
                                time_t &actual_timeout_usec) {
  auto timeout_msec = (timeout_sec * 1000) + (timeout_usec / 1000);

  auto actual_timeout_msec =
      (std::min)(max_timeout_msec - duration_msec, timeout_msec);

  if (actual_timeout_msec < 0) { actual_timeout_msec = 0; }

  actual_timeout_sec = actual_timeout_msec / 1000;
  actual_timeout_usec = (actual_timeout_msec % 1000) * 1000;
}

// Socket stream implementation
inline SocketStream::SocketStream(
    socket_t sock, time_t read_timeout_sec, time_t read_timeout_usec,
    time_t write_timeout_sec, time_t write_timeout_usec,
    time_t max_timeout_msec,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time)
    : sock_(sock), read_timeout_sec_(read_timeout_sec),
      read_timeout_usec_(read_timeout_usec),
      write_timeout_sec_(write_timeout_sec),
      write_timeout_usec_(write_timeout_usec),
      max_timeout_msec_(max_timeout_msec), start_time_(start_time),
      read_buff_(read_buff_size_, 0) {}

inline SocketStream::~SocketStream() = default;

inline bool SocketStream::is_readable() const {
  return read_buff_off_ < read_buff_content_size_;
}

inline bool SocketStream::wait_readable() const {
  if (max_timeout_msec_ <= 0) {
    return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_) > 0;
  }

  time_t read_timeout_sec;
  time_t read_timeout_usec;
  calc_actual_timeout(max_timeout_msec_, duration(), read_timeout_sec_,
                      read_timeout_usec_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec);

  return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec) > 0;
}

inline bool SocketStream::wait_writable() const {
  return select_write(sock_, write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_) > 0;
}

inline bool SocketStream::is_peer_alive() const {
  return detail::is_socket_alive(sock_);
}

inline ssize_t SocketStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
#ifdef _WIN32
  size =
      (std::min)(size, static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)()));
#else
  size = (std::min)(size,
                    static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<ssize_t>::max)()));
#endif

  if (read_buff_off_ < read_buff_content_size_) {
    auto remaining_size = read_buff_content_size_ - read_buff_off_;
    if (size <= remaining_size) {
      memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data() + read_buff_off_, size);
      read_buff_off_ += size;
      return static_cast<ssize_t>(size);
    } else {
      memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data() + read_buff_off_, remaining_size);
      read_buff_off_ += remaining_size;
      return static_cast<ssize_t>(remaining_size);
    }
  }

  if (!wait_readable()) {
    error_ = Error::Timeout;
    return -1;
  }

  read_buff_off_ = 0;
  read_buff_content_size_ = 0;

  if (size < read_buff_size_) {
    auto n = read_socket(sock_, read_buff_.data(), read_buff_size_,
                         CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS);
    if (n <= 0) {
      if (n == 0) {
        error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
      } else {
        error_ = Error::Read;
      }
      return n;
    } else if (n <= static_cast<ssize_t>(size)) {
      memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data(), static_cast<size_t>(n));
      return n;
    } else {
      memcpy(ptr, read_buff_.data(), size);
      read_buff_off_ = size;
      read_buff_content_size_ = static_cast<size_t>(n);
      return static_cast<ssize_t>(size);
    }
  } else {
    auto n = read_socket(sock_, ptr, size, CPPHTTPLIB_RECV_FLAGS);
    if (n <= 0) {
      if (n == 0) {
        error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
      } else {
        error_ = Error::Read;
      }
    }
    return n;
  }
}

inline ssize_t SocketStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
  if (!wait_writable()) { return -1; }

#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN64)
  size =
      (std::min)(size, static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)()));
#endif

  return send_socket(sock_, ptr, size, CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_FLAGS);
}

inline void SocketStream::get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
                                                 int &port) const {
  return detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
}

inline void SocketStream::get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
                                                int &port) const {
  return detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
}

inline socket_t SocketStream::socket() const { return sock_; }

inline time_t SocketStream::duration() const {
  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
             std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time_)
      .count();
}

inline void SocketStream::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
}

// Buffer stream implementation
inline bool BufferStream::is_readable() const { return true; }

inline bool BufferStream::wait_readable() const { return true; }

inline bool BufferStream::wait_writable() const { return true; }

inline ssize_t BufferStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
  auto len_read = buffer._Copy_s(ptr, size, size, position);
#else
  auto len_read = buffer.copy(ptr, size, position);
#endif
  position += static_cast<size_t>(len_read);
  return static_cast<ssize_t>(len_read);
}

inline ssize_t BufferStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
  buffer.append(ptr, size);
  return static_cast<ssize_t>(size);
}

inline void BufferStream::get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string & /*ip*/,
                                                 int & /*port*/) const {}

inline void BufferStream::get_local_ip_and_port(std::string & /*ip*/,
                                                int & /*port*/) const {}

inline socket_t BufferStream::socket() const { return 0; }

inline time_t BufferStream::duration() const { return 0; }

inline const std::string &BufferStream::get_buffer() const { return buffer; }

inline PathParamsMatcher::PathParamsMatcher(const std::string &pattern)
    : MatcherBase(pattern) {
  constexpr const char marker[] = "/:";

  // One past the last ending position of a path param substring
  std::size_t last_param_end = 0;

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  // Needed to ensure that parameter names are unique during matcher
  // construction
  // If exceptions are disabled, only last duplicate path
  // parameter will be set
  std::unordered_set<std::string> param_name_set;
#endif

  while (true) {
    const auto marker_pos = pattern.find(
        marker, last_param_end == 0 ? last_param_end : last_param_end - 1);
    if (marker_pos == std::string::npos) { break; }

    static_fragments_.push_back(
        pattern.substr(last_param_end, marker_pos - last_param_end + 1));

    const auto param_name_start = marker_pos + str_len(marker);

    auto sep_pos = pattern.find(separator, param_name_start);
    if (sep_pos == std::string::npos) { sep_pos = pattern.length(); }

    auto param_name =
        pattern.substr(param_name_start, sep_pos - param_name_start);

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
    if (param_name_set.find(param_name) != param_name_set.cend()) {
      std::string msg = "Encountered path parameter '" + param_name +
                        "' multiple times in route pattern '" + pattern + "'.";
      throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
    }
#endif

    param_names_.push_back(std::move(param_name));

    last_param_end = sep_pos + 1;
  }

  if (last_param_end < pattern.length()) {
    static_fragments_.push_back(pattern.substr(last_param_end));
  }
}

inline bool PathParamsMatcher::match(Request &request) const {
  request.matches = std::smatch();
  request.path_params.clear();
  request.path_params.reserve(param_names_.size());

  // One past the position at which the path matched the pattern last time
  std::size_t starting_pos = 0;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < static_fragments_.size(); ++i) {
    const auto &fragment = static_fragments_[i];

    if (starting_pos + fragment.length() > request.path.length()) {
      return false;
    }

    // Avoid unnecessary allocation by using strncmp instead of substr +
    // comparison
    if (std::strncmp(request.path.c_str() + starting_pos, fragment.c_str(),
                     fragment.length()) != 0) {
      return false;
    }

    starting_pos += fragment.length();

    // Should only happen when we have a static fragment after a param
    // Example: '/users/:id/subscriptions'
    // The 'subscriptions' fragment here does not have a corresponding param
    if (i >= param_names_.size()) { continue; }

    auto sep_pos = request.path.find(separator, starting_pos);
    if (sep_pos == std::string::npos) { sep_pos = request.path.length(); }

    const auto &param_name = param_names_[i];

    request.path_params.emplace(
        param_name, request.path.substr(starting_pos, sep_pos - starting_pos));

    // Mark everything up to '/' as matched
    starting_pos = sep_pos + 1;
  }
  // Returns false if the path is longer than the pattern
  return starting_pos >= request.path.length();
}

inline bool RegexMatcher::match(Request &request) const {
  request.path_params.clear();
  return std::regex_match(request.path, request.matches, regex_);
}

// Enclose IPv6 address in brackets if needed
inline std::string prepare_host_string(const std::string &host) {
  // Enclose IPv6 address in brackets (but not if already enclosed)
  if (host.find(':') == std::string::npos ||
      (!host.empty() && host[0] == '[')) {
    // IPv4, hostname, or already bracketed IPv6
    return host;
  } else {
    // IPv6 address without brackets
    return "[" + host + "]";
  }
}

inline std::string make_host_and_port_string(const std::string &host, int port,
                                             bool is_ssl) {
  auto result = prepare_host_string(host);

  // Append port if not default
  if ((!is_ssl && port == 80) || (is_ssl && port == 443)) {
    ; // do nothing
  } else {
    result += ":" + std::to_string(port);
  }

  return result;
}

// Create "host:port" string always including port number (for CONNECT method)
inline std::string
make_host_and_port_string_always_port(const std::string &host, int port) {
  return prepare_host_string(host) + ":" + std::to_string(port);
}

template <typename T>
inline bool check_and_write_headers(Stream &strm, Headers &headers,
                                    T header_writer, Error &error) {
  for (const auto &h : headers) {
    if (!detail::fields::is_field_name(h.first) ||
        !detail::fields::is_field_value(h.second)) {
      error = Error::InvalidHeaders;
      return false;
    }
  }
  if (header_writer(strm, headers) <= 0) {
    error = Error::Write;
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

} // namespace detail

/*
 * Group 2 (continued): detail namespace - SSLSocketStream implementation
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
namespace detail {

// SSL socket stream implementation
inline SSLSocketStream::SSLSocketStream(
    socket_t sock, tls::session_t session, time_t read_timeout_sec,
    time_t read_timeout_usec, time_t write_timeout_sec,
    time_t write_timeout_usec, time_t max_timeout_msec,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time)
    : sock_(sock), session_(session), read_timeout_sec_(read_timeout_sec),
      read_timeout_usec_(read_timeout_usec),
      write_timeout_sec_(write_timeout_sec),
      write_timeout_usec_(write_timeout_usec),
      max_timeout_msec_(max_timeout_msec), start_time_(start_time) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  // Clear AUTO_RETRY for proper non-blocking I/O timeout handling
  // Note: create_session() also clears this, but SSLClient currently
  // uses ssl_new() which does not. Until full TLS API migration is complete,
  // we need to ensure AUTO_RETRY is cleared here regardless of how the
  // SSL session was created.
  SSL_clear_mode(static_cast<SSL *>(session), SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
#endif
}

inline SSLSocketStream::~SSLSocketStream() = default;

inline bool SSLSocketStream::is_readable() const {
  return tls::pending(session_) > 0;
}

inline bool SSLSocketStream::wait_readable() const {
  if (max_timeout_msec_ <= 0) {
    return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_) > 0;
  }

  time_t read_timeout_sec;
  time_t read_timeout_usec;
  calc_actual_timeout(max_timeout_msec_, duration(), read_timeout_sec_,
                      read_timeout_usec_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec);

  return select_read(sock_, read_timeout_sec, read_timeout_usec) > 0;
}

inline bool SSLSocketStream::wait_writable() const {
  return select_write(sock_, write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_) > 0 &&
         !tls::is_peer_closed(session_, sock_);
}

inline bool SSLSocketStream::is_peer_alive() const {
  return !tls::is_peer_closed(session_, sock_);
}

inline ssize_t SSLSocketStream::read(char *ptr, size_t size) {
  if (tls::pending(session_) > 0) {
    tls::TlsError err;
    auto ret = tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
    if (ret == 0 || err.code == tls::ErrorCode::PeerClosed) {
      error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
    }
    return ret;
  } else if (wait_readable()) {
    tls::TlsError err;
    auto ret = tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
    if (ret < 0) {
      auto n = 1000;
#ifdef _WIN32
      while (--n >= 0 && (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantRead ||
                          (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::SyscallError &&
                           WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT))) {
#else
      while (--n >= 0 && err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantRead) {
#endif
        if (tls::pending(session_) > 0) {
          return tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
        } else if (wait_readable()) {
          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{10});
          ret = tls::read(session_, ptr, size, err);
          if (ret >= 0) { return ret; }
        } else {
          break;
        }
      }
      assert(ret < 0);
    } else if (ret == 0 || err.code == tls::ErrorCode::PeerClosed) {
      error_ = Error::ConnectionClosed;
    }
    return ret;
  } else {
    error_ = Error::Timeout;
    return -1;
  }
}

inline ssize_t SSLSocketStream::write(const char *ptr, size_t size) {
  if (wait_writable()) {
    auto handle_size =
        std::min<size_t>(size, (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)());

    tls::TlsError err;
    auto ret = tls::write(session_, ptr, handle_size, err);
    if (ret < 0) {
      auto n = 1000;
#ifdef _WIN32
      while (--n >= 0 && (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantWrite ||
                          (err.code == tls::ErrorCode::SyscallError &&
                           WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT))) {
#else
      while (--n >= 0 && err.code == tls::ErrorCode::WantWrite) {
#endif
        if (wait_writable()) {
          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{10});
          ret = tls::write(session_, ptr, handle_size, err);
          if (ret >= 0) { return ret; }
        } else {
          break;
        }
      }
      assert(ret < 0);
    }
    return ret;
  }
  return -1;
}

inline void SSLSocketStream::get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
                                                    int &port) const {
  detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
}

inline void SSLSocketStream::get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip,
                                                   int &port) const {
  detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock_, ip, port);
}

inline socket_t SSLSocketStream::socket() const { return sock_; }

inline time_t SSLSocketStream::duration() const {
  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
             std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time_)
      .count();
}

inline void SSLSocketStream::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
}

} // namespace detail
#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

/*
 * Group 4: Server implementation
 */

// HTTP server implementation
inline Server::Server()
    : new_task_queue([] {
        return new ThreadPool(CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT,
                              CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_MAX_COUNT);
      }) {
#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif
}

inline Server::~Server() = default;

inline std::unique_ptr<detail::MatcherBase>
Server::make_matcher(const std::string &pattern) {
  if (pattern.find("/:") != std::string::npos) {
    return detail::make_unique<detail::PathParamsMatcher>(pattern);
  } else {
    return detail::make_unique<detail::RegexMatcher>(pattern);
  }
}

inline Server &Server::Get(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
  get_handlers_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Post(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
  post_handlers_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Post(const std::string &pattern,
                            HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
  post_handlers_for_content_reader_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern),
                                                 std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Put(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
  put_handlers_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Put(const std::string &pattern,
                           HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
  put_handlers_for_content_reader_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern),
                                                std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Patch(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
  patch_handlers_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Patch(const std::string &pattern,
                             HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
  patch_handlers_for_content_reader_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern),
                                                  std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Delete(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
  delete_handlers_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Delete(const std::string &pattern,
                              HandlerWithContentReader handler) {
  delete_handlers_for_content_reader_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern),
                                                   std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::Options(const std::string &pattern, Handler handler) {
  options_handlers_.emplace_back(make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler));
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::WebSocket(const std::string &pattern,
                                 WebSocketHandler handler) {
  websocket_handlers_.push_back(
      {make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler), nullptr});
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::WebSocket(const std::string &pattern,
                                 WebSocketHandler handler,
                                 SubProtocolSelector sub_protocol_selector) {
  websocket_handlers_.push_back({make_matcher(pattern), std::move(handler),
                                 std::move(sub_protocol_selector)});
  return *this;
}

inline bool Server::set_base_dir(const std::string &dir,
                                 const std::string &mount_point) {
  return set_mount_point(mount_point, dir);
}

inline bool Server::set_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point,
                                    const std::string &dir, Headers headers) {
  detail::FileStat stat(dir);
  if (stat.is_dir()) {
    std::string mnt = !mount_point.empty() ? mount_point : "/";
    if (!mnt.empty() && mnt[0] == '/') {
      std::string resolved_base;
      if (detail::canonicalize_path(dir.c_str(), resolved_base)) {
#if defined(_WIN32)
        if (resolved_base.back() != '\\' && resolved_base.back() != '/') {
          resolved_base += '\\';
        }
#else
        if (resolved_base.back() != '/') { resolved_base += '/'; }
#endif
      }
      base_dirs_.push_back(
          {std::move(mnt), dir, std::move(resolved_base), std::move(headers)});
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

inline bool Server::remove_mount_point(const std::string &mount_point) {
  for (auto it = base_dirs_.begin(); it != base_dirs_.end(); ++it) {
    if (it->mount_point == mount_point) {
      base_dirs_.erase(it);
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

inline Server &
Server::set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping(const std::string &ext,
                                                const std::string &mime) {
  file_extension_and_mimetype_map_[ext] = mime;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_default_file_mimetype(const std::string &mime) {
  default_file_mimetype_ = mime;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_file_request_handler(Handler handler) {
  file_request_handler_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_error_handler_core(HandlerWithResponse handler,
                                              std::true_type) {
  error_handler_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_error_handler_core(Handler handler,
                                              std::false_type) {
  error_handler_ = [handler](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    handler(req, res);
    return HandlerResponse::Handled;
  };
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_exception_handler(ExceptionHandler handler) {
  exception_handler_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_pre_routing_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler) {
  pre_routing_handler_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_post_routing_handler(Handler handler) {
  post_routing_handler_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_pre_request_handler(HandlerWithResponse handler) {
  pre_request_handler_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_logger(Logger logger) {
  logger_ = std::move(logger);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger) {
  error_logger_ = std::move(error_logger);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_pre_compression_logger(Logger logger) {
  pre_compression_logger_ = std::move(logger);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &
Server::set_expect_100_continue_handler(Expect100ContinueHandler handler) {
  expect_100_continue_handler_ = std::move(handler);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_address_family(int family) {
  address_family_ = family;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_tcp_nodelay(bool on) {
  tcp_nodelay_ = on;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_ipv6_v6only(bool on) {
  ipv6_v6only_ = on;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options) {
  socket_options_ = std::move(socket_options);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_default_headers(Headers headers) {
  default_headers_ = std::move(headers);
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_header_writer(
    std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer) {
  header_writer_ = writer;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &
Server::set_trusted_proxies(const std::vector<std::string> &proxies) {
  trusted_proxies_ = proxies;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_keep_alive_max_count(size_t count) {
  keep_alive_max_count_ = count;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_keep_alive_timeout(time_t sec) {
  keep_alive_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  write_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  write_timeout_usec_ = usec;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_idle_interval(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  idle_interval_sec_ = sec;
  idle_interval_usec_ = usec;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_payload_max_length(size_t length) {
  payload_max_length_ = length;
  return *this;
}

inline Server &Server::set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec) {
  websocket_ping_interval_sec_ = sec;
  return *this;
}

template <class Rep, class Period>
inline Server &Server::set_websocket_ping_interval(
    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> &duration) {
  detail::duration_to_sec_and_usec(duration, [&](time_t sec, time_t /*usec*/) {
    set_websocket_ping_interval(sec);
  });
  return *this;
}

inline bool Server::bind_to_port(const std::string &host, int port,
                                 int socket_flags) {
  auto ret = bind_internal(host, port, socket_flags);
  if (ret == -1) { is_decommissioned = true; }
  return ret >= 0;
}
inline int Server::bind_to_any_port(const std::string &host, int socket_flags) {
  auto ret = bind_internal(host, 0, socket_flags);
  if (ret == -1) { is_decommissioned = true; }
  return ret;
}

inline bool Server::listen_after_bind() { return listen_internal(); }

inline bool Server::listen(const std::string &host, int port,
                           int socket_flags) {
  return bind_to_port(host, port, socket_flags) && listen_internal();
}

inline bool Server::is_running() const { return is_running_; }

inline void Server::wait_until_ready() const {
  while (!is_running_ && !is_decommissioned) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds{1});
  }
}

inline void Server::stop() {
  if (is_running_) {
    assert(svr_sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET);
    std::atomic<socket_t> sock(svr_sock_.exchange(INVALID_SOCKET));
    detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
    detail::close_socket(sock);
  }
  is_decommissioned = false;
}

inline void Server::decommission() { is_decommissioned = true; }

inline bool Server::parse_request_line(const char *s, Request &req) const {
  auto len = strlen(s);
  if (len < 2 || s[len - 2] != '\r' || s[len - 1] != '\n') { return false; }
  len -= 2;

  {
    size_t count = 0;

    detail::split(s, s + len, ' ', [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
      switch (count) {
      case 0: req.method = std::string(b, e); break;
      case 1: req.target = std::string(b, e); break;
      case 2: req.version = std::string(b, e); break;
      default: break;
      }
      count++;
    });

    if (count != 3) { return false; }
  }

  thread_local const std::set<std::string> methods{
      "GET",     "HEAD",    "POST",  "PUT",   "DELETE",
      "CONNECT", "OPTIONS", "TRACE", "PATCH", "PRI"};

  if (methods.find(req.method) == methods.end()) {
    output_error_log(Error::InvalidHTTPMethod, &req);
    return false;
  }

  if (req.version != "HTTP/1.1" && req.version != "HTTP/1.0") {
    output_error_log(Error::InvalidHTTPVersion, &req);
    return false;
  }

  {
    // Skip URL fragment
    for (size_t i = 0; i < req.target.size(); i++) {
      if (req.target[i] == '#') {
        req.target.erase(i);
        break;
      }
    }

    detail::divide(req.target, '?',
                   [&](const char *lhs_data, std::size_t lhs_size,
                       const char *rhs_data, std::size_t rhs_size) {
                     req.path =
                         decode_path_component(std::string(lhs_data, lhs_size));
                     detail::parse_query_text(rhs_data, rhs_size, req.params);
                   });
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool Server::write_response(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
                                   Request &req, Response &res) {
  // NOTE: `req.ranges` should be empty, otherwise it will be applied
  // incorrectly to the error content.
  req.ranges.clear();
  return write_response_core(strm, close_connection, req, res, false);
}

inline bool Server::write_response_with_content(Stream &strm,
                                                bool close_connection,
                                                const Request &req,
                                                Response &res) {
  return write_response_core(strm, close_connection, req, res, true);
}

inline bool Server::write_response_core(Stream &strm, bool close_connection,
                                        const Request &req, Response &res,
                                        bool need_apply_ranges) {
  assert(res.status != -1);

  if (400 <= res.status && error_handler_ &&
      error_handler_(req, res) == HandlerResponse::Handled) {
    need_apply_ranges = true;
  }

  std::string content_type;
  std::string boundary;
  if (need_apply_ranges) { apply_ranges(req, res, content_type, boundary); }

  // Prepare additional headers
  if (close_connection || req.get_header_value("Connection") == "close" ||
      400 <= res.status) { // Don't leave connections open after errors
    res.set_header("Connection", "close");
  } else {
    std::string s = "timeout=";
    s += std::to_string(keep_alive_timeout_sec_);
    s += ", max=";
    s += std::to_string(keep_alive_max_count_);
    res.set_header("Keep-Alive", s);
  }

  if ((!res.body.empty() || res.content_length_ > 0 || res.content_provider_) &&
      !res.has_header("Content-Type")) {
    res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");
  }

  if (res.body.empty() && !res.content_length_ && !res.content_provider_ &&
      !res.has_header("Content-Length")) {
    res.set_header("Content-Length", "0");
  }

  if (req.method == "HEAD" && !res.has_header("Accept-Ranges")) {
    res.set_header("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
  }

  if (post_routing_handler_) { post_routing_handler_(req, res); }

  // Response line and headers
  detail::BufferStream bstrm;
  if (!detail::write_response_line(bstrm, res.status)) { return false; }
  if (header_writer_(bstrm, res.headers) <= 0) { return false; }

  // Combine small body with headers to reduce write syscalls
  if (req.method != "HEAD" && !res.body.empty() && !res.content_provider_) {
    bstrm.write(res.body.data(), res.body.size());
  }

  // Log before writing to avoid race condition with client-side code that
  // accesses logger-captured data immediately after receiving the response.
  output_log(req, res);

  // Flush buffer
  auto &data = bstrm.get_buffer();
  if (!detail::write_data(strm, data.data(), data.size())) { return false; }

  // Streaming body
  auto ret = true;
  if (req.method != "HEAD" && res.content_provider_) {
    if (write_content_with_provider(strm, req, res, boundary, content_type)) {
      res.content_provider_success_ = true;
    } else {
      ret = false;
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

inline bool
Server::write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
                                    Response &res, const std::string &boundary,
                                    const std::string &content_type) {
  auto is_shutting_down = [this]() {
    return this->svr_sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET;
  };

  if (res.content_length_ > 0) {
    if (req.ranges.empty()) {
      return detail::write_content(strm, res.content_provider_, 0,
                                   res.content_length_, is_shutting_down);
    } else if (req.ranges.size() == 1) {
      auto offset_and_length = detail::get_range_offset_and_length(
          req.ranges[0], res.content_length_);

      return detail::write_content(strm, res.content_provider_,
                                   offset_and_length.first,
                                   offset_and_length.second, is_shutting_down);
    } else {
      return detail::write_multipart_ranges_data(
          strm, req, res, boundary, content_type, res.content_length_,
          is_shutting_down);
    }
  } else {
    if (res.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
      auto type = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

      std::unique_ptr<detail::compressor> compressor;
      if (type == detail::EncodingType::Gzip) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
        compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::gzip_compressor>();
#endif
      } else if (type == detail::EncodingType::Brotli) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
        compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::brotli_compressor>();
#endif
      } else if (type == detail::EncodingType::Zstd) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
        compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::zstd_compressor>();
#endif
      } else {
        compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::nocompressor>();
      }
      assert(compressor != nullptr);

      return detail::write_content_chunked(strm, res.content_provider_,
                                           is_shutting_down, *compressor);
    } else {
      return detail::write_content_without_length(strm, res.content_provider_,
                                                  is_shutting_down);
    }
  }
}

inline bool Server::read_content(Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res) {
  FormFields::iterator cur_field;
  FormFiles::iterator cur_file;
  auto is_text_field = false;
  size_t count = 0;
  if (read_content_core(
          strm, req, res,
          // Regular
          [&](const char *buf, size_t n) {
            // Prevent arithmetic overflow when checking sizes.
            // Avoid computing (req.body.size() + n) directly because
            // adding two unsigned `size_t` values can wrap around and
            // produce a small result instead of indicating overflow.
            // Instead, check using subtraction: ensure `n` does not
            // exceed the remaining capacity `max_size() - size()`.
            if (req.body.size() >= req.body.max_size() ||
                n > req.body.max_size() - req.body.size()) {
              return false;
            }

            // Limit decompressed body size to payload_max_length_ to protect
            // against "zip bomb" attacks where a small compressed payload
            // decompresses to a massive size.
            if (payload_max_length_ > 0 &&
                (req.body.size() >= payload_max_length_ ||
                 n > payload_max_length_ - req.body.size())) {
              return false;
            }

            req.body.append(buf, n);
            return true;
          },
          // Multipart FormData
          [&](const FormData &file) {
            if (count++ == CPPHTTPLIB_MULTIPART_FORM_DATA_FILE_MAX_COUNT) {
              output_error_log(Error::TooManyFormDataFiles, &req);
              return false;
            }

            if (file.filename.empty()) {
              cur_field = req.form.fields.emplace(
                  file.name, FormField{file.name, file.content, file.headers});
              is_text_field = true;
            } else {
              cur_file = req.form.files.emplace(file.name, file);
              is_text_field = false;
            }
            return true;
          },
          [&](const char *buf, size_t n) {
            if (is_text_field) {
              auto &content = cur_field->second.content;
              if (content.size() + n > content.max_size()) { return false; }
              content.append(buf, n);
            } else {
              auto &content = cur_file->second.content;
              if (content.size() + n > content.max_size()) { return false; }
              content.append(buf, n);
            }
            return true;
          })) {
    const auto &content_type = req.get_header_value("Content-Type");
    if (detail::extract_media_type(content_type) ==
        "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") {
      if (req.body.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_FORM_URL_ENCODED_PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH) {
        res.status = StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413; // NOTE: should be 414?
        output_error_log(Error::ExceedMaxPayloadSize, &req);
        return false;
      }
      detail::parse_query_text(req.body, req.params);
    }
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

inline bool Server::read_content_with_content_receiver(
    Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res, ContentReceiver receiver,
    FormDataHeader multipart_header, ContentReceiver multipart_receiver) {
  return read_content_core(strm, req, res, std::move(receiver),
                           std::move(multipart_header),
                           std::move(multipart_receiver));
}

inline bool Server::read_content_core(
    Stream &strm, Request &req, Response &res, ContentReceiver receiver,
    FormDataHeader multipart_header, ContentReceiver multipart_receiver) const {
  detail::FormDataParser multipart_form_data_parser;
  ContentReceiverWithProgress out;

  if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
    const auto &content_type = req.get_header_value("Content-Type");
    std::string boundary;
    if (!detail::parse_multipart_boundary(content_type, boundary)) {
      res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
      output_error_log(Error::MultipartParsing, &req);
      return false;
    }

    multipart_form_data_parser.set_boundary(std::move(boundary));
    out = [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t /*off*/, size_t /*len*/) {
      return multipart_form_data_parser.parse(buf, n, multipart_header,
                                              multipart_receiver);
    };
  } else {
    out = [receiver](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t /*off*/,
                     size_t /*len*/) { return receiver(buf, n); };
  }

  // RFC 7230 Section 3.3.3: If this is a request message and none of the above
  // are true (no Transfer-Encoding and no Content-Length), then the message
  // body length is zero (no message body is present).
  //
  // For non-SSL builds, detect clients that send a body without a
  // Content-Length header (raw HTTP over TCP). Check both the stream's
  // internal read buffer (data already read from the socket during header
  // parsing) and the socket itself for pending data. If data is found and
  // exceeds the configured payload limit, reject with 413.
  // For SSL builds we cannot reliably peek the decrypted application bytes,
  // so keep the original behaviour.
#if !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED)
  if (!req.has_header("Content-Length") &&
      !detail::is_chunked_transfer_encoding(req.headers)) {
    // Only check if payload_max_length is set to a finite value
    if (payload_max_length_ > 0 &&
        payload_max_length_ < (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()) {
      // Check if there is data already buffered in the stream (read during
      // header parsing) or pending on the socket. Use a non-blocking socket
      // check to avoid deadlock when the client sends no body.
      bool has_data = strm.is_readable();
      if (!has_data) {
        socket_t s = strm.socket();
        if (s != INVALID_SOCKET) {
          has_data = detail::select_read(s, 0, 0) > 0;
        }
      }
      if (has_data) {
        auto result =
            detail::read_content_without_length(strm, payload_max_length_, out);
        if (result == detail::ReadContentResult::PayloadTooLarge) {
          res.status = StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413;
          return false;
        } else if (result != detail::ReadContentResult::Success) {
          return false;
        }
        return true;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }
#else
  if (!req.has_header("Content-Length") &&
      !detail::is_chunked_transfer_encoding(req.headers)) {
    return true;
  }
#endif

  if (!detail::read_content(strm, req, payload_max_length_, res.status, nullptr,
                            out, true)) {
    return false;
  }

  if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
    if (!multipart_form_data_parser.is_valid()) {
      res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
      output_error_log(Error::MultipartParsing, &req);
      return false;
    }
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool Server::handle_file_request(Request &req, Response &res) {
  for (const auto &entry : base_dirs_) {
    // Prefix match
    if (!req.path.compare(0, entry.mount_point.size(), entry.mount_point)) {
      std::string sub_path = "/" + req.path.substr(entry.mount_point.size());
      if (detail::is_valid_path(sub_path)) {
        auto path = entry.base_dir + sub_path;
        if (path.back() == '/') { path += "index.html"; }

        // Defense-in-depth: is_valid_path blocks ".." traversal in the URL,
        // but symlinks/junctions can still escape the base directory.
        if (!entry.resolved_base_dir.empty()) {
          std::string resolved_path;
          if (detail::canonicalize_path(path.c_str(), resolved_path) &&
              !detail::is_path_within_base(resolved_path,
                                           entry.resolved_base_dir)) {
            res.status = StatusCode::Forbidden_403;
            return true;
          }
        }

        detail::FileStat stat(path);

        if (stat.is_dir()) {
          res.set_redirect(sub_path + "/", StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301);
          return true;
        }

        if (stat.is_file()) {
          for (const auto &kv : entry.headers) {
            res.set_header(kv.first, kv.second);
          }

          auto etag = detail::compute_etag(stat);
          if (!etag.empty()) { res.set_header("ETag", etag); }

          auto mtime = stat.mtime();

          auto last_modified = detail::file_mtime_to_http_date(mtime);
          if (!last_modified.empty()) {
            res.set_header("Last-Modified", last_modified);
          }

          if (check_if_not_modified(req, res, etag, mtime)) { return true; }

          check_if_range(req, etag, mtime);

          auto mm = std::make_shared<detail::mmap>(path.c_str());
          if (!mm->is_open()) {
            output_error_log(Error::OpenFile, &req);
            return false;
          }

          res.set_content_provider(
              mm->size(),
              detail::find_content_type(path, file_extension_and_mimetype_map_,
                                        default_file_mimetype_),
              [mm](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
                sink.write(mm->data() + offset, length);
                return true;
              });

          if (req.method != "HEAD" && file_request_handler_) {
            file_request_handler_(req, res);
          }

          return true;
        } else {
          output_error_log(Error::OpenFile, &req);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return false;
}

inline bool Server::check_if_not_modified(const Request &req, Response &res,
                                          const std::string &etag,
                                          time_t mtime) const {
  // Handle conditional GET:
  // 1. If-None-Match takes precedence (RFC 9110 Section 13.1.2)
  // 2. If-Modified-Since is checked only when If-None-Match is absent
  if (req.has_header("If-None-Match")) {
    if (!etag.empty()) {
      auto val = req.get_header_value("If-None-Match");

      // NOTE: We use exact string matching here. This works correctly
      // because our server always generates weak ETags (W/"..."), and
      // clients typically send back the same ETag they received.
      // RFC 9110 Section 8.8.3.2 allows weak comparison for
      // If-None-Match, where W/"x" and "x" would match, but this
      // simplified implementation requires exact matches.
      auto ret = detail::split_find(val.data(), val.data() + val.size(), ',',
                                    [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
                                      auto seg_len = static_cast<size_t>(e - b);
                                      return (seg_len == 1 && *b == '*') ||
                                             (seg_len == etag.size() &&
                                              std::equal(b, e, etag.begin()));
                                    });

      if (ret) {
        res.status = StatusCode::NotModified_304;
        return true;
      }
    }
  } else if (req.has_header("If-Modified-Since")) {
    auto val = req.get_header_value("If-Modified-Since");
    auto t = detail::parse_http_date(val);

    if (t != static_cast<time_t>(-1) && mtime <= t) {
      res.status = StatusCode::NotModified_304;
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

inline bool Server::check_if_range(Request &req, const std::string &etag,
                                   time_t mtime) const {
  // Handle If-Range for partial content requests (RFC 9110
  // Section 13.1.5). If-Range is only evaluated when Range header is
  // present. If the validator matches, serve partial content; otherwise
  // serve full content.
  if (!req.ranges.empty() && req.has_header("If-Range")) {
    auto val = req.get_header_value("If-Range");

    auto is_valid_range = [&]() {
      if (detail::is_strong_etag(val)) {
        // RFC 9110 Section 13.1.5: If-Range requires strong ETag
        // comparison.
        return (!etag.empty() && val == etag);
      } else if (detail::is_weak_etag(val)) {
        // Weak ETags are not valid for If-Range (RFC 9110 Section 13.1.5)
        return false;
      } else {
        // HTTP-date comparison
        auto t = detail::parse_http_date(val);
        return (t != static_cast<time_t>(-1) && mtime <= t);
      }
    };

    if (!is_valid_range()) {
      // Validator doesn't match: ignore Range and serve full content
      req.ranges.clear();
      return false;
    }
  }

  return true;
}

inline socket_t
Server::create_server_socket(const std::string &host, int port,
                             int socket_flags,
                             SocketOptions socket_options) const {
  return detail::create_socket(
      host, std::string(), port, address_family_, socket_flags, tcp_nodelay_,
      ipv6_v6only_, std::move(socket_options),
      [&](socket_t sock, struct addrinfo &ai, bool & /*quit*/) -> bool {
        if (::bind(sock, ai.ai_addr, static_cast<socklen_t>(ai.ai_addrlen))) {
          output_error_log(Error::BindIPAddress, nullptr);
          return false;
        }
        if (::listen(sock, CPPHTTPLIB_LISTEN_BACKLOG)) {
          output_error_log(Error::Listen, nullptr);
          return false;
        }
        return true;
      });
}

inline int Server::bind_internal(const std::string &host, int port,
                                 int socket_flags) {
  if (is_decommissioned) { return -1; }

  if (!is_valid()) { return -1; }

  svr_sock_ = create_server_socket(host, port, socket_flags, socket_options_);
  if (svr_sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) { return -1; }

  if (port == 0) {
    struct sockaddr_storage addr;
    socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
    if (getsockname(svr_sock_, reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr *>(&addr),
                    &addr_len) == -1) {
      output_error_log(Error::GetSockName, nullptr);
      return -1;
    }
    if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET) {
      return ntohs(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in *>(&addr)->sin_port);
    } else if (addr.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
      return ntohs(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 *>(&addr)->sin6_port);
    } else {
      output_error_log(Error::UnsupportedAddressFamily, nullptr);
      return -1;
    }
  } else {
    return port;
  }
}

inline bool Server::listen_internal() {
  if (is_decommissioned) { return false; }

  auto ret = true;
  is_running_ = true;
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&]() { is_running_ = false; });

  {
    std::unique_ptr<TaskQueue> task_queue(new_task_queue());

    while (svr_sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET) {
#ifndef _WIN32
      if (idle_interval_sec_ > 0 || idle_interval_usec_ > 0) {
#endif
        auto val = detail::select_read(svr_sock_, idle_interval_sec_,
                                       idle_interval_usec_);
        if (val == 0) { // Timeout
          task_queue->on_idle();
          continue;
        }
#ifndef _WIN32
      }
#endif

#if defined _WIN32
      // sockets connected via WASAccept inherit flags NO_HANDLE_INHERIT,
      // OVERLAPPED
      socket_t sock = WSAAccept(svr_sock_, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
#elif defined SOCK_CLOEXEC
      socket_t sock = accept4(svr_sock_, nullptr, nullptr, SOCK_CLOEXEC);
#else
      socket_t sock = accept(svr_sock_, nullptr, nullptr);
#endif

      if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        if (errno == EMFILE) {
          // The per-process limit of open file descriptors has been reached.
          // Try to accept new connections after a short sleep.
          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds{1});
          continue;
        } else if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN) {
          continue;
        }
        if (svr_sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET) {
          detail::close_socket(svr_sock_);
          ret = false;
          output_error_log(Error::Connection, nullptr);
        } else {
          ; // The server socket was closed by user.
        }
        break;
      }

      detail::set_socket_opt_time(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO,
                                  read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_);
      detail::set_socket_opt_time(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO,
                                  write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);

      if (tcp_nodelay_) {
        detail::set_socket_opt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1);
      }

      if (!task_queue->enqueue(
              [this, sock]() { process_and_close_socket(sock); })) {
        output_error_log(Error::ResourceExhaustion, nullptr);
        detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
        detail::close_socket(sock);
      }
    }

    task_queue->shutdown();
  }

  is_decommissioned = !ret;
  return ret;
}

inline bool Server::routing(Request &req, Response &res, Stream &strm) {
  if (pre_routing_handler_ &&
      pre_routing_handler_(req, res) == HandlerResponse::Handled) {
    return true;
  }

  // File handler
  if ((req.method == "GET" || req.method == "HEAD") &&
      handle_file_request(req, res)) {
    return true;
  }

  if (detail::expect_content(req)) {
    // Content reader handler
    {
      // Track whether the ContentReader was aborted due to the decompressed
      // payload exceeding `payload_max_length_`.
      // The user handler runs after the lambda returns, so we must restore the
      // 413 status if the handler overwrites it.
      bool content_reader_payload_too_large = false;

      ContentReader reader(
          [&](ContentReceiver receiver) {
            auto result = read_content_with_content_receiver(
                strm, req, res, std::move(receiver), nullptr, nullptr);
            if (!result) {
              output_error_log(Error::Read, &req);
              if (res.status == StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413) {
                content_reader_payload_too_large = true;
              }
            }
            return result;
          },
          [&](FormDataHeader header, ContentReceiver receiver) {
            auto result = read_content_with_content_receiver(
                strm, req, res, nullptr, std::move(header),
                std::move(receiver));
            if (!result) {
              output_error_log(Error::Read, &req);
              if (res.status == StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413) {
                content_reader_payload_too_large = true;
              }
            }
            return result;
          });

      bool dispatched = false;
      if (req.method == "POST") {
        dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
            req, res, std::move(reader), post_handlers_for_content_reader_);
      } else if (req.method == "PUT") {
        dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
            req, res, std::move(reader), put_handlers_for_content_reader_);
      } else if (req.method == "PATCH") {
        dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
            req, res, std::move(reader), patch_handlers_for_content_reader_);
      } else if (req.method == "DELETE") {
        dispatched = dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
            req, res, std::move(reader), delete_handlers_for_content_reader_);
      }

      if (dispatched) {
        if (content_reader_payload_too_large) {
          // Enforce the limit: override any status the handler may have set
          // and return false so the error path sends a plain 413 response.
          res.status = StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413;
          res.body.clear();
          res.content_length_ = 0;
          res.content_provider_ = nullptr;
          return false;
        }
        return true;
      }
    }

    // Read content into `req.body`
    if (!read_content(strm, req, res)) {
      output_error_log(Error::Read, &req);
      return false;
    }
  }

  // Regular handler
  if (req.method == "GET" || req.method == "HEAD") {
    return dispatch_request(req, res, get_handlers_);
  } else if (req.method == "POST") {
    return dispatch_request(req, res, post_handlers_);
  } else if (req.method == "PUT") {
    return dispatch_request(req, res, put_handlers_);
  } else if (req.method == "DELETE") {
    return dispatch_request(req, res, delete_handlers_);
  } else if (req.method == "OPTIONS") {
    return dispatch_request(req, res, options_handlers_);
  } else if (req.method == "PATCH") {
    return dispatch_request(req, res, patch_handlers_);
  }

  res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
  return false;
}

inline bool Server::dispatch_request(Request &req, Response &res,
                                     const Handlers &handlers) const {
  for (const auto &x : handlers) {
    const auto &matcher = x.first;
    const auto &handler = x.second;

    if (matcher->match(req)) {
      req.matched_route = matcher->pattern();
      if (!pre_request_handler_ ||
          pre_request_handler_(req, res) != HandlerResponse::Handled) {
        handler(req, res);
      }
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

inline void Server::apply_ranges(const Request &req, Response &res,
                                 std::string &content_type,
                                 std::string &boundary) const {
  if (req.ranges.size() > 1 && res.status == StatusCode::PartialContent_206) {
    auto it = res.headers.find("Content-Type");
    if (it != res.headers.end()) {
      content_type = it->second;
      res.headers.erase(it);
    }

    boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();

    res.set_header("Content-Type",
                   "multipart/byteranges; boundary=" + boundary);
  }

  auto type = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

  if (res.body.empty()) {
    if (res.content_length_ > 0) {
      size_t length = 0;
      if (req.ranges.empty() || res.status != StatusCode::PartialContent_206) {
        length = res.content_length_;
      } else if (req.ranges.size() == 1) {
        auto offset_and_length = detail::get_range_offset_and_length(
            req.ranges[0], res.content_length_);

        length = offset_and_length.second;

        auto content_range = detail::make_content_range_header_field(
            offset_and_length, res.content_length_);
        res.set_header("Content-Range", content_range);
      } else {
        length = detail::get_multipart_ranges_data_length(
            req, boundary, content_type, res.content_length_);
      }
      res.set_header("Content-Length", std::to_string(length));
    } else {
      if (res.content_provider_) {
        if (res.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
          res.set_header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
          if (type == detail::EncodingType::Gzip) {
            res.set_header("Content-Encoding", "gzip");
            res.set_header("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
          } else if (type == detail::EncodingType::Brotli) {
            res.set_header("Content-Encoding", "br");
            res.set_header("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
          } else if (type == detail::EncodingType::Zstd) {
            res.set_header("Content-Encoding", "zstd");
            res.set_header("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
          }
        }
      }
    }
  } else {
    if (req.ranges.empty() || res.status != StatusCode::PartialContent_206) {
      ;
    } else if (req.ranges.size() == 1) {
      auto offset_and_length =
          detail::get_range_offset_and_length(req.ranges[0], res.body.size());
      auto offset = offset_and_length.first;
      auto length = offset_and_length.second;

      auto content_range = detail::make_content_range_header_field(
          offset_and_length, res.body.size());
      res.set_header("Content-Range", content_range);

      assert(offset + length <= res.body.size());
      res.body = res.body.substr(offset, length);
    } else {
      std::string data;
      detail::make_multipart_ranges_data(req, res, boundary, content_type,
                                         res.body.size(), data);
      res.body.swap(data);
    }

    if (type != detail::EncodingType::None) {
      output_pre_compression_log(req, res);

      std::unique_ptr<detail::compressor> compressor;
      std::string content_encoding;

      if (type == detail::EncodingType::Gzip) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
        compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::gzip_compressor>();
        content_encoding = "gzip";
#endif
      } else if (type == detail::EncodingType::Brotli) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
        compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::brotli_compressor>();
        content_encoding = "br";
#endif
      } else if (type == detail::EncodingType::Zstd) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
        compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::zstd_compressor>();
        content_encoding = "zstd";
#endif
      }

      if (compressor) {
        std::string compressed;
        if (compressor->compress(res.body.data(), res.body.size(), true,
                                 [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
                                   compressed.append(data, data_len);
                                   return true;
                                 })) {
          res.body.swap(compressed);
          res.set_header("Content-Encoding", content_encoding);
          res.set_header("Vary", "Accept-Encoding");
        }
      }
    }

    auto length = std::to_string(res.body.size());
    res.set_header("Content-Length", length);
  }
}

inline bool Server::dispatch_request_for_content_reader(
    Request &req, Response &res, ContentReader content_reader,
    const HandlersForContentReader &handlers) const {
  for (const auto &x : handlers) {
    const auto &matcher = x.first;
    const auto &handler = x.second;

    if (matcher->match(req)) {
      req.matched_route = matcher->pattern();
      if (!pre_request_handler_ ||
          pre_request_handler_(req, res) != HandlerResponse::Handled) {
        handler(req, res, content_reader);
      }
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

inline std::string
get_client_ip(const std::string &x_forwarded_for,
              const std::vector<std::string> &trusted_proxies) {
  // X-Forwarded-For is a comma-separated list per RFC 7239
  std::vector<std::string> ip_list;
  detail::split(x_forwarded_for.data(),
                x_forwarded_for.data() + x_forwarded_for.size(), ',',
                [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
                  auto r = detail::trim(b, e, 0, static_cast<size_t>(e - b));
                  ip_list.emplace_back(std::string(b + r.first, b + r.second));
                });

  for (size_t i = 0; i < ip_list.size(); ++i) {
    auto ip = ip_list[i];

    auto is_trusted_proxy =
        std::any_of(trusted_proxies.begin(), trusted_proxies.end(),
                    [&](const std::string &proxy) { return ip == proxy; });

    if (is_trusted_proxy) {
      if (i == 0) {
        // If the trusted proxy is the first IP, there's no preceding client IP
        return ip;
      } else {
        // Return the IP immediately before the trusted proxy
        return ip_list[i - 1];
      }
    }
  }

  // If no trusted proxy is found, return the first IP in the list
  return ip_list.front();
}

inline bool
Server::process_request(Stream &strm, const std::string &remote_addr,
                        int remote_port, const std::string &local_addr,
                        int local_port, bool close_connection,
                        bool &connection_closed,
                        const std::function<void(Request &)> &setup_request,
                        bool *websocket_upgraded) {
  std::array<char, 2048> buf{};

  detail::stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf.data(), buf.size());

  // Connection has been closed on client
  if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }

  Request req;
  req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  req.remote_addr = remote_addr;
  req.remote_port = remote_port;
  req.local_addr = local_addr;
  req.local_port = local_port;

  Response res;
  res.version = "HTTP/1.1";
  res.headers = default_headers_;

  // Request line and headers
  if (!parse_request_line(line_reader.ptr(), req)) {
    res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
    output_error_log(Error::InvalidRequestLine, &req);
    return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
  }

  // Request headers
  if (!detail::read_headers(strm, req.headers)) {
    res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
    output_error_log(Error::InvalidHeaders, &req);
    return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
  }

  // Check if the request URI doesn't exceed the limit
  if (req.target.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH) {
    res.status = StatusCode::UriTooLong_414;
    output_error_log(Error::ExceedUriMaxLength, &req);
    return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
  }

  if (req.get_header_value("Connection") == "close") {
    connection_closed = true;
  }

  if (req.version == "HTTP/1.0" &&
      req.get_header_value("Connection") != "Keep-Alive") {
    connection_closed = true;
  }

  if (!trusted_proxies_.empty() && req.has_header("X-Forwarded-For")) {
    auto x_forwarded_for = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    req.remote_addr = get_client_ip(x_forwarded_for, trusted_proxies_);
  } else {
    req.remote_addr = remote_addr;
  }
  req.remote_port = remote_port;

  req.local_addr = local_addr;
  req.local_port = local_port;

  if (req.has_header("Accept")) {
    const auto &accept_header = req.get_header_value("Accept");
    if (!detail::parse_accept_header(accept_header, req.accept_content_types)) {
      res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
      output_error_log(Error::HTTPParsing, &req);
      return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
    }
  }

  if (req.has_header("Range")) {
    const auto &range_header_value = req.get_header_value("Range");
    if (!detail::parse_range_header(range_header_value, req.ranges)) {
      res.status = StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416;
      output_error_log(Error::InvalidRangeHeader, &req);
      return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
    }
  }

  if (setup_request) { setup_request(req); }

  if (req.get_header_value("Expect") == "100-continue") {
    int status = StatusCode::Continue_100;
    if (expect_100_continue_handler_) {
      status = expect_100_continue_handler_(req, res);
    }
    switch (status) {
    case StatusCode::Continue_100:
    case StatusCode::ExpectationFailed_417:
      detail::write_response_line(strm, status);
      strm.write("\r\n");
      break;
    default:
      connection_closed = true;
      return write_response(strm, true, req, res);
    }
  }

  // Setup `is_connection_closed` method
  auto sock = strm.socket();
  req.is_connection_closed = [sock]() {
    return !detail::is_socket_alive(sock);
  };

  // WebSocket upgrade
  // Check pre_routing_handler_ before upgrading so that authentication
  // and other middleware can reject the request with an HTTP response
  // (e.g., 401) before the protocol switches.
  if (detail::is_websocket_upgrade(req)) {
    if (pre_routing_handler_ &&
        pre_routing_handler_(req, res) == HandlerResponse::Handled) {
      if (res.status == -1) { res.status = StatusCode::OK_200; }
      return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
    }
    // Find matching WebSocket handler
    for (const auto &entry : websocket_handlers_) {
      if (entry.matcher->match(req)) {
        // Compute accept key
        auto client_key = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Key");
        auto accept_key = detail::websocket_accept_key(client_key);

        // Negotiate subprotocol
        std::string selected_subprotocol;
        if (entry.sub_protocol_selector) {
          auto protocol_header = req.get_header_value("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol");
          if (!protocol_header.empty()) {
            std::vector<std::string> protocols;
            std::istringstream iss(protocol_header);
            std::string token;
            while (std::getline(iss, token, ',')) {
              // Trim whitespace
              auto start = token.find_first_not_of(' ');
              auto end = token.find_last_not_of(' ');
              if (start != std::string::npos) {
                protocols.push_back(token.substr(start, end - start + 1));
              }
            }
            selected_subprotocol = entry.sub_protocol_selector(protocols);
          }
        }

        // Send 101 Switching Protocols
        std::string handshake_response = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n"
                                         "Upgrade: websocket\r\n"
                                         "Connection: Upgrade\r\n"
                                         "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: " +
                                         accept_key + "\r\n";
        if (!selected_subprotocol.empty()) {
          if (!detail::fields::is_field_value(selected_subprotocol)) {
            return false;
          }
          handshake_response +=
              "Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: " + selected_subprotocol + "\r\n";
        }
        handshake_response += "\r\n";
        if (strm.write(handshake_response.data(), handshake_response.size()) <
            0) {
          return false;
        }

        connection_closed = true;
        if (websocket_upgraded) { *websocket_upgraded = true; }

        {
          // Use WebSocket-specific read timeout instead of HTTP timeout
          strm.set_read_timeout(CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND, 0);
          ws::WebSocket ws(strm, req, true, websocket_ping_interval_sec_);
          entry.handler(req, ws);
        }
        return true;
      }
    }
    // No matching handler - fall through to 404
  }

  // Routing
  auto routed = false;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  routed = routing(req, res, strm);
#else
  try {
    routed = routing(req, res, strm);
  } catch (std::exception &) {
    if (exception_handler_) {
      auto ep = std::current_exception();
      exception_handler_(req, res, ep);
      routed = true;
    } else {
      res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
    }
  } catch (...) {
    if (exception_handler_) {
      auto ep = std::current_exception();
      exception_handler_(req, res, ep);
      routed = true;
    } else {
      res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
    }
  }
#endif
  if (routed) {
    if (res.status == -1) {
      res.status = req.ranges.empty() ? StatusCode::OK_200
                                      : StatusCode::PartialContent_206;
    }

    // Serve file content by using a content provider
    if (!res.file_content_path_.empty()) {
      const auto &path = res.file_content_path_;
      auto mm = std::make_shared<detail::mmap>(path.c_str());
      if (!mm->is_open()) {
        res.body.clear();
        res.content_length_ = 0;
        res.content_provider_ = nullptr;
        res.status = StatusCode::NotFound_404;
        output_error_log(Error::OpenFile, &req);
        return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
      }

      auto content_type = res.file_content_content_type_;
      if (content_type.empty()) {
        content_type = detail::find_content_type(
            path, file_extension_and_mimetype_map_, default_file_mimetype_);
      }

      res.set_content_provider(
          mm->size(), content_type,
          [mm](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
            sink.write(mm->data() + offset, length);
            return true;
          });
    }

    if (detail::range_error(req, res)) {
      res.body.clear();
      res.content_length_ = 0;
      res.content_provider_ = nullptr;
      res.status = StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416;
      return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
    }

    return write_response_with_content(strm, close_connection, req, res);
  } else {
    if (res.status == -1) { res.status = StatusCode::NotFound_404; }

    return write_response(strm, close_connection, req, res);
  }
}

inline bool Server::is_valid() const { return true; }

inline bool Server::process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) {
  std::string remote_addr;
  int remote_port = 0;
  detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock, remote_addr, remote_port);

  std::string local_addr;
  int local_port = 0;
  detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock, local_addr, local_port);

  bool websocket_upgraded = false;
  auto ret = detail::process_server_socket(
      svr_sock_, sock, keep_alive_max_count_, keep_alive_timeout_sec_,
      read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
      write_timeout_usec_,
      [&](Stream &strm, bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
        return process_request(strm, remote_addr, remote_port, local_addr,
                               local_port, close_connection, connection_closed,
                               nullptr, &websocket_upgraded);
      });

  detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
  detail::close_socket(sock);
  return ret;
}

inline void Server::output_log(const Request &req, const Response &res) const {
  if (logger_) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
    logger_(req, res);
  }
}

inline void Server::output_pre_compression_log(const Request &req,
                                               const Response &res) const {
  if (pre_compression_logger_) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
    pre_compression_logger_(req, res);
  }
}

inline void Server::output_error_log(const Error &err,
                                     const Request *req) const {
  if (error_logger_) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
    error_logger_(err, req);
  }
}

/*
 * Group 5: ClientImpl and Client (Universal) implementation
 */
// HTTP client implementation
inline ClientImpl::ClientImpl(const std::string &host)
    : ClientImpl(host, 80, std::string(), std::string()) {}

inline ClientImpl::ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port)
    : ClientImpl(host, port, std::string(), std::string()) {}

inline ClientImpl::ClientImpl(const std::string &host, int port,
                              const std::string &client_cert_path,
                              const std::string &client_key_path)
    : host_(detail::escape_abstract_namespace_unix_domain(host)), port_(port),
      client_cert_path_(client_cert_path), client_key_path_(client_key_path) {}

inline ClientImpl::~ClientImpl() {
  // Wait until all the requests in flight are handled.
  size_t retry_count = 10;
  while (retry_count-- > 0) {
    {
      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
      if (socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0) { break; }
    }
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds{1});
  }

  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
  shutdown_socket(socket_);
  close_socket(socket_);
}

inline bool ClientImpl::is_valid() const { return true; }

inline void ClientImpl::copy_settings(const ClientImpl &rhs) {
  client_cert_path_ = rhs.client_cert_path_;
  client_key_path_ = rhs.client_key_path_;
  connection_timeout_sec_ = rhs.connection_timeout_sec_;
  read_timeout_sec_ = rhs.read_timeout_sec_;
  read_timeout_usec_ = rhs.read_timeout_usec_;
  write_timeout_sec_ = rhs.write_timeout_sec_;
  write_timeout_usec_ = rhs.write_timeout_usec_;
  max_timeout_msec_ = rhs.max_timeout_msec_;
  basic_auth_username_ = rhs.basic_auth_username_;
  basic_auth_password_ = rhs.basic_auth_password_;
  bearer_token_auth_token_ = rhs.bearer_token_auth_token_;
  keep_alive_ = rhs.keep_alive_;
  follow_location_ = rhs.follow_location_;
  path_encode_ = rhs.path_encode_;
  address_family_ = rhs.address_family_;
  tcp_nodelay_ = rhs.tcp_nodelay_;
  ipv6_v6only_ = rhs.ipv6_v6only_;
  socket_options_ = rhs.socket_options_;
  compress_ = rhs.compress_;
  decompress_ = rhs.decompress_;
  payload_max_length_ = rhs.payload_max_length_;
  has_payload_max_length_ = rhs.has_payload_max_length_;
  interface_ = rhs.interface_;
  proxy_host_ = rhs.proxy_host_;
  proxy_port_ = rhs.proxy_port_;
  proxy_basic_auth_username_ = rhs.proxy_basic_auth_username_;
  proxy_basic_auth_password_ = rhs.proxy_basic_auth_password_;
  proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_ = rhs.proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_;
  logger_ = rhs.logger_;
  error_logger_ = rhs.error_logger_;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  digest_auth_username_ = rhs.digest_auth_username_;
  digest_auth_password_ = rhs.digest_auth_password_;
  proxy_digest_auth_username_ = rhs.proxy_digest_auth_username_;
  proxy_digest_auth_password_ = rhs.proxy_digest_auth_password_;
  ca_cert_file_path_ = rhs.ca_cert_file_path_;
  ca_cert_dir_path_ = rhs.ca_cert_dir_path_;
  server_certificate_verification_ = rhs.server_certificate_verification_;
  server_hostname_verification_ = rhs.server_hostname_verification_;
#endif
}

inline socket_t ClientImpl::create_client_socket(Error &error) const {
  if (!proxy_host_.empty() && proxy_port_ != -1) {
    return detail::create_client_socket(
        proxy_host_, std::string(), proxy_port_, address_family_, tcp_nodelay_,
        ipv6_v6only_, socket_options_, connection_timeout_sec_,
        connection_timeout_usec_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
        write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, interface_, error);
  }

  // Check is custom IP specified for host_
  std::string ip;
  auto it = addr_map_.find(host_);
  if (it != addr_map_.end()) { ip = it->second; }

  return detail::create_client_socket(
      host_, ip, port_, address_family_, tcp_nodelay_, ipv6_v6only_,
      socket_options_, connection_timeout_sec_, connection_timeout_usec_,
      read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
      write_timeout_usec_, interface_, error);
}

inline bool ClientImpl::create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket,
                                                  Error &error) {
  auto sock = create_client_socket(error);
  if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return false; }
  socket.sock = sock;
  return true;
}

inline bool ClientImpl::ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
  return create_and_connect_socket(socket, error);
}

inline bool ClientImpl::setup_proxy_connection(
    Socket & /*socket*/,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> /*start_time*/,
    Response & /*res*/, bool & /*success*/, Error & /*error*/) {
  return true;
}

inline void ClientImpl::shutdown_ssl(Socket & /*socket*/,
                                     bool /*shutdown_gracefully*/) {
  // If there are any requests in flight from threads other than us, then it's
  // a thread-unsafe race because individual ssl* objects are not thread-safe.
  assert(socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0 ||
         socket_requests_are_from_thread_ == std::this_thread::get_id());
}

inline void ClientImpl::shutdown_socket(Socket &socket) const {
  if (socket.sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return; }
  detail::shutdown_socket(socket.sock);
}

inline void ClientImpl::close_socket(Socket &socket) {
  // If there are requests in flight in another thread, usually closing
  // the socket will be fine and they will simply receive an error when
  // using the closed socket, but it is still a bug since rarely the OS
  // may reassign the socket id to be used for a new socket, and then
  // suddenly they will be operating on a live socket that is different
  // than the one they intended!
  assert(socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0 ||
         socket_requests_are_from_thread_ == std::this_thread::get_id());

  // It is also a bug if this happens while SSL is still active
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  assert(socket.ssl == nullptr);
#endif

  if (socket.sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return; }
  detail::close_socket(socket.sock);
  socket.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
}

inline bool ClientImpl::read_response_line(Stream &strm, const Request &req,
                                           Response &res,
                                           bool skip_100_continue) const {
  std::array<char, 2048> buf{};

  detail::stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf.data(), buf.size());

  if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ALLOW_LF_AS_LINE_TERMINATOR
  thread_local const std::regex re("(HTTP/1\\.[01]) (\\d{3})(?: (.*?))?\r?\n");
#else
  thread_local const std::regex re("(HTTP/1\\.[01]) (\\d{3})(?: (.*?))?\r\n");
#endif

  std::cmatch m;
  if (!std::regex_match(line_reader.ptr(), m, re)) {
    return req.method == "CONNECT";
  }
  res.version = std::string(m[1]);
  res.status = std::stoi(std::string(m[2]));
  res.reason = std::string(m[3]);

  // Ignore '100 Continue' (only when not using Expect: 100-continue explicitly)
  while (skip_100_continue && res.status == StatusCode::Continue_100) {
    if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; } // CRLF
    if (!line_reader.getline()) { return false; } // next response line

    if (!std::regex_match(line_reader.ptr(), m, re)) { return false; }
    res.version = std::string(m[1]);
    res.status = std::stoi(std::string(m[2]));
    res.reason = std::string(m[3]);
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool ClientImpl::send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
  std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> request_mutex_guard(request_mutex_);
  auto ret = send_(req, res, error);
  if (error == Error::SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_) {
    assert(!ret);
    ret = send_(req, res, error);
    // If still failing with SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_, convert to Read error
    if (error == Error::SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_) { error = Error::Read; }
  }
  return ret;
}

inline bool ClientImpl::send_(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);

    // Set this to false immediately - if it ever gets set to true by the end
    // of the request, we know another thread instructed us to close the
    // socket.
    socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ = false;

    auto is_alive = false;
    if (socket_.is_open()) {
      is_alive = detail::is_socket_alive(socket_.sock);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
      if (is_alive && is_ssl()) {
        if (tls::is_peer_closed(socket_.ssl, socket_.sock)) {
          is_alive = false;
        }
      }
#endif

      if (!is_alive) {
        // Attempt to avoid sigpipe by shutting down non-gracefully if it
        // seems like the other side has already closed the connection Also,
        // there cannot be any requests in flight from other threads since we
        // locked request_mutex_, so safe to close everything immediately
        const bool shutdown_gracefully = false;
        shutdown_ssl(socket_, shutdown_gracefully);
        shutdown_socket(socket_);
        close_socket(socket_);
      }
    }

    if (!is_alive) {
      if (!ensure_socket_connection(socket_, error)) {
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return false;
      }

      {
        auto success = true;
        if (!setup_proxy_connection(socket_, req.start_time_, res, success,
                                    error)) {
          if (!success) { output_error_log(error, &req); }
          return success;
        }
      }
    }

    // Mark the current socket as being in use so that it cannot be closed by
    // anyone else while this request is ongoing, even though we will be
    // releasing the mutex.
    if (socket_requests_in_flight_ > 1) {
      assert(socket_requests_are_from_thread_ == std::this_thread::get_id());
    }
    socket_requests_in_flight_ += 1;
    socket_requests_are_from_thread_ = std::this_thread::get_id();
  }

  for (const auto &header : default_headers_) {
    if (req.headers.find(header.first) == req.headers.end()) {
      req.headers.insert(header);
    }
  }

  auto ret = false;
  auto close_connection = !keep_alive_;

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&]() {
    // Briefly lock mutex in order to mark that a request is no longer ongoing
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
    socket_requests_in_flight_ -= 1;
    if (socket_requests_in_flight_ <= 0) {
      assert(socket_requests_in_flight_ == 0);
      socket_requests_are_from_thread_ = std::thread::id();
    }

    if (socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ || close_connection ||
        !ret) {
      shutdown_ssl(socket_, true);
      shutdown_socket(socket_);
      close_socket(socket_);
    }
  });

  ret = process_socket(socket_, req.start_time_, [&](Stream &strm) {
    return handle_request(strm, req, res, close_connection, error);
  });

  if (!ret) {
    if (error == Error::Success) {
      error = Error::Unknown;
      output_error_log(error, &req);
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

inline Result ClientImpl::send(const Request &req) {
  auto req2 = req;
  return send_(std::move(req2));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::send_(Request &&req) {
  auto res = detail::make_unique<Response>();
  auto error = Error::Success;
  auto ret = send(req, *res, error);
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  return Result{ret ? std::move(res) : nullptr, error, std::move(req.headers),
                last_ssl_error_, last_backend_error_};
#else
  return Result{ret ? std::move(res) : nullptr, error, std::move(req.headers)};
#endif
}

inline void ClientImpl::prepare_default_headers(Request &r, bool for_stream,
                                                const std::string &ct) {
  (void)for_stream;
  for (const auto &header : default_headers_) {
    if (!r.has_header(header.first)) { r.headers.insert(header); }
  }

  if (!r.has_header("Host")) {
    if (address_family_ == AF_UNIX) {
      r.headers.emplace("Host", "localhost");
    } else {
      r.headers.emplace(
          "Host", detail::make_host_and_port_string(host_, port_, is_ssl()));
    }
  }

  if (!r.has_header("Accept")) { r.headers.emplace("Accept", "*/*"); }

  if (!r.content_receiver) {
    if (!r.has_header("Accept-Encoding")) {
      std::string accept_encoding;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
      accept_encoding = "br";
#endif
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
      if (!accept_encoding.empty()) { accept_encoding += ", "; }
      accept_encoding += "gzip, deflate";
#endif
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
      if (!accept_encoding.empty()) { accept_encoding += ", "; }
      accept_encoding += "zstd";
#endif
      r.set_header("Accept-Encoding", accept_encoding);
    }

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_DEFAULT_USER_AGENT
    if (!r.has_header("User-Agent")) {
      auto agent = std::string("cpp-httplib/") + CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION;
      r.set_header("User-Agent", agent);
    }
#endif
  }

  if (!r.body.empty()) {
    if (!ct.empty() && !r.has_header("Content-Type")) {
      r.headers.emplace("Content-Type", ct);
    }
    if (!r.has_header("Content-Length")) {
      r.headers.emplace("Content-Length", std::to_string(r.body.size()));
    }
  }
}

inline ClientImpl::StreamHandle
ClientImpl::open_stream(const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
                        const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                        const std::string &body,
                        const std::string &content_type) {
  StreamHandle handle;
  handle.response = detail::make_unique<Response>();
  handle.error = Error::Success;

  auto query_path = params.empty() ? path : append_query_params(path, params);
  handle.connection_ = detail::make_unique<ClientConnection>();

  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);

    auto is_alive = false;
    if (socket_.is_open()) {
      is_alive = detail::is_socket_alive(socket_.sock);
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
      if (is_alive && is_ssl()) {
        if (tls::is_peer_closed(socket_.ssl, socket_.sock)) {
          is_alive = false;
        }
      }
#endif
      if (!is_alive) {
        shutdown_ssl(socket_, false);
        shutdown_socket(socket_);
        close_socket(socket_);
      }
    }

    if (!is_alive) {
      if (!ensure_socket_connection(socket_, handle.error)) {
        handle.response.reset();
        return handle;
      }

      {
        auto success = true;
        auto start_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
        if (!setup_proxy_connection(socket_, start_time, *handle.response,
                                    success, handle.error)) {
          if (!success) { handle.response.reset(); }
          return handle;
        }
      }
    }

    transfer_socket_ownership_to_handle(handle);
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  if (is_ssl() && handle.connection_->session) {
    handle.socket_stream_ = detail::make_unique<detail::SSLSocketStream>(
        handle.connection_->sock, handle.connection_->session,
        read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
        write_timeout_usec_);
  } else {
    handle.socket_stream_ = detail::make_unique<detail::SocketStream>(
        handle.connection_->sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
        write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);
  }
#else
  handle.socket_stream_ = detail::make_unique<detail::SocketStream>(
      handle.connection_->sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
      write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);
#endif
  handle.stream_ = handle.socket_stream_.get();

  Request req;
  req.method = method;
  req.path = query_path;
  req.headers = headers;
  req.body = body;

  prepare_default_headers(req, true, content_type);

  auto &strm = *handle.stream_;
  if (detail::write_request_line(strm, req.method, req.path) < 0) {
    handle.error = Error::Write;
    handle.response.reset();
    return handle;
  }

  if (!detail::check_and_write_headers(strm, req.headers, header_writer_,
                                       handle.error)) {
    handle.response.reset();
    return handle;
  }

  if (!body.empty()) {
    if (strm.write(body.data(), body.size()) < 0) {
      handle.error = Error::Write;
      handle.response.reset();
      return handle;
    }
  }

  if (!read_response_line(strm, req, *handle.response) ||
      !detail::read_headers(strm, handle.response->headers)) {
    handle.error = Error::Read;
    handle.response.reset();
    return handle;
  }

  handle.body_reader_.stream = handle.stream_;
  handle.body_reader_.payload_max_length = payload_max_length_;

  if (handle.response->has_header("Content-Length")) {
    bool is_invalid = false;
    auto content_length = detail::get_header_value_u64(
        handle.response->headers, "Content-Length", 0, 0, is_invalid);
    if (is_invalid) {
      handle.error = Error::Read;
      handle.response.reset();
      return handle;
    }
    handle.body_reader_.has_content_length = true;
    handle.body_reader_.content_length = content_length;
  }

  auto transfer_encoding =
      handle.response->get_header_value("Transfer-Encoding");
  handle.body_reader_.chunked = (transfer_encoding == "chunked");

  auto content_encoding = handle.response->get_header_value("Content-Encoding");
  if (!content_encoding.empty()) {
    handle.decompressor_ = detail::create_decompressor(content_encoding);
  }

  return handle;
}

inline ssize_t ClientImpl::StreamHandle::read(char *buf, size_t len) {
  if (!is_valid() || !response) { return -1; }

  if (decompressor_) { return read_with_decompression(buf, len); }
  auto n = detail::read_body_content(stream_, body_reader_, buf, len);

  if (n <= 0 && body_reader_.chunked && !trailers_parsed_ && stream_) {
    trailers_parsed_ = true;
    if (body_reader_.chunked_decoder) {
      if (!body_reader_.chunked_decoder->parse_trailers_into(
              response->trailers, response->headers)) {
        return n;
      }
    } else {
      detail::ChunkedDecoder dec(*stream_);
      if (!dec.parse_trailers_into(response->trailers, response->headers)) {
        return n;
      }
    }
  }

  return n;
}

inline ssize_t ClientImpl::StreamHandle::read_with_decompression(char *buf,
                                                                 size_t len) {
  if (decompress_offset_ < decompress_buffer_.size()) {
    auto available = decompress_buffer_.size() - decompress_offset_;
    auto to_copy = (std::min)(len, available);
    std::memcpy(buf, decompress_buffer_.data() + decompress_offset_, to_copy);
    decompress_offset_ += to_copy;
    decompressed_bytes_read_ += to_copy;
    return static_cast<ssize_t>(to_copy);
  }

  decompress_buffer_.clear();
  decompress_offset_ = 0;

  constexpr size_t kDecompressionBufferSize = 8192;
  char compressed_buf[kDecompressionBufferSize];

  while (true) {
    auto n = detail::read_body_content(stream_, body_reader_, compressed_buf,
                                       sizeof(compressed_buf));

    if (n <= 0) { return n; }

    bool decompress_ok = decompressor_->decompress(
        compressed_buf, static_cast<size_t>(n),
        [this](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
          decompress_buffer_.append(data, data_len);
          auto limit = body_reader_.payload_max_length;
          if (decompressed_bytes_read_ + decompress_buffer_.size() > limit) {
            return false;
          }
          return true;
        });

    if (!decompress_ok) {
      body_reader_.last_error = Error::Read;
      return -1;
    }

    if (!decompress_buffer_.empty()) { break; }
  }

  auto to_copy = (std::min)(len, decompress_buffer_.size());
  std::memcpy(buf, decompress_buffer_.data(), to_copy);
  decompress_offset_ = to_copy;
  decompressed_bytes_read_ += to_copy;
  return static_cast<ssize_t>(to_copy);
}

inline void ClientImpl::StreamHandle::parse_trailers_if_needed() {
  if (!response || !stream_ || !body_reader_.chunked || trailers_parsed_) {
    return;
  }

  trailers_parsed_ = true;

  const auto bufsiz = 128;
  char line_buf[bufsiz];
  detail::stream_line_reader line_reader(*stream_, line_buf, bufsiz);

  if (!line_reader.getline()) { return; }

  if (!detail::parse_trailers(line_reader, response->trailers,
                              response->headers)) {
    return;
  }
}

namespace detail {

inline ChunkedDecoder::ChunkedDecoder(Stream &s) : strm(s) {}

inline ssize_t ChunkedDecoder::read_payload(char *buf, size_t len,
                                            size_t &out_chunk_offset,
                                            size_t &out_chunk_total) {
  if (finished) { return 0; }

  if (chunk_remaining == 0) {
    stream_line_reader lr(strm, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
    if (!lr.getline()) { return -1; }

    char *endptr = nullptr;
    unsigned long chunk_len = std::strtoul(lr.ptr(), &endptr, 16);
    if (endptr == lr.ptr()) { return -1; }
    if (chunk_len == ULONG_MAX) { return -1; }

    if (chunk_len == 0) {
      chunk_remaining = 0;
      finished = true;
      out_chunk_offset = 0;
      out_chunk_total = 0;
      return 0;
    }

    chunk_remaining = static_cast<size_t>(chunk_len);
    last_chunk_total = chunk_remaining;
    last_chunk_offset = 0;
  }

  auto to_read = (std::min)(chunk_remaining, len);
  auto n = strm.read(buf, to_read);
  if (n <= 0) { return -1; }

  auto offset_before = last_chunk_offset;
  last_chunk_offset += static_cast<size_t>(n);
  chunk_remaining -= static_cast<size_t>(n);

  out_chunk_offset = offset_before;
  out_chunk_total = last_chunk_total;

  if (chunk_remaining == 0) {
    stream_line_reader lr(strm, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
    if (!lr.getline()) { return -1; }
    if (std::strcmp(lr.ptr(), "\r\n") != 0) { return -1; }
  }

  return n;
}

inline bool ChunkedDecoder::parse_trailers_into(Headers &dest,
                                                const Headers &src_headers) {
  stream_line_reader lr(strm, line_buf, sizeof(line_buf));
  if (!lr.getline()) { return false; }
  return parse_trailers(lr, dest, src_headers);
}

} // namespace detail

inline void
ClientImpl::transfer_socket_ownership_to_handle(StreamHandle &handle) {
  handle.connection_->sock = socket_.sock;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  handle.connection_->session = socket_.ssl;
  socket_.ssl = nullptr;
#endif
  socket_.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
}

inline bool ClientImpl::handle_request(Stream &strm, Request &req,
                                       Response &res, bool close_connection,
                                       Error &error) {
  if (req.path.empty()) {
    error = Error::Connection;
    output_error_log(error, &req);
    return false;
  }

  auto req_save = req;

  bool ret;

  if (!is_ssl() && !proxy_host_.empty() && proxy_port_ != -1) {
    auto req2 = req;
    req2.path = "http://" +
                detail::make_host_and_port_string(host_, port_, false) +
                req.path;
    ret = process_request(strm, req2, res, close_connection, error);
    req = std::move(req2);
    req.path = req_save.path;
  } else {
    ret = process_request(strm, req, res, close_connection, error);
  }

  if (!ret) { return false; }

  if (res.get_header_value("Connection") == "close" ||
      (res.version == "HTTP/1.0" && res.reason != "Connection established")) {
    // NOTE: this requires a not-entirely-obvious chain of calls to be correct
    // for this to be safe.

    // This is safe to call because handle_request is only called by send_
    // which locks the request mutex during the process. It would be a bug
    // to call it from a different thread since it's a thread-safety issue
    // to do these things to the socket if another thread is using the socket.
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
    shutdown_ssl(socket_, true);
    shutdown_socket(socket_);
    close_socket(socket_);
  }

  if (300 < res.status && res.status < 400 && follow_location_) {
    req = std::move(req_save);
    ret = redirect(req, res, error);
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  if ((res.status == StatusCode::Unauthorized_401 ||
       res.status == StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407) &&
      req.authorization_count_ < 5) {
    auto is_proxy = res.status == StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407;
    const auto &username =
        is_proxy ? proxy_digest_auth_username_ : digest_auth_username_;
    const auto &password =
        is_proxy ? proxy_digest_auth_password_ : digest_auth_password_;

    if (!username.empty() && !password.empty()) {
      std::map<std::string, std::string> auth;
      if (detail::parse_www_authenticate(res, auth, is_proxy)) {
        Request new_req = req;
        new_req.authorization_count_ += 1;
        new_req.headers.erase(is_proxy ? "Proxy-Authorization"
                                       : "Authorization");
        new_req.headers.insert(detail::make_digest_authentication_header(
            req, auth, new_req.authorization_count_, detail::random_string(10),
            username, password, is_proxy));

        Response new_res;

        ret = send(new_req, new_res, error);
        if (ret) { res = std::move(new_res); }
      }
    }
  }
#endif

  return ret;
}

inline bool ClientImpl::redirect(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
  if (req.redirect_count_ == 0) {
    error = Error::ExceedRedirectCount;
    output_error_log(error, &req);
    return false;
  }

  auto location = res.get_header_value("location");
  if (location.empty()) { return false; }

  thread_local const std::regex re(
      R"((?:(https?):)?(?://(?:\[([a-fA-F\d:]+)\]|([^:/?#]+))(?::(\d+))?)?([^?#]*)(\?[^#]*)?(?:#.*)?)");

  std::smatch m;
  if (!std::regex_match(location, m, re)) { return false; }

  auto scheme = is_ssl() ? "https" : "http";

  auto next_scheme = m[1].str();
  auto next_host = m[2].str();
  if (next_host.empty()) { next_host = m[3].str(); }
  auto port_str = m[4].str();
  auto next_path = m[5].str();
  auto next_query = m[6].str();

  auto next_port = port_;
  if (!port_str.empty()) {
    if (!detail::parse_port(port_str, next_port)) { return false; }
  } else if (!next_scheme.empty()) {
    next_port = next_scheme == "https" ? 443 : 80;
  }

  if (next_scheme.empty()) { next_scheme = scheme; }
  if (next_host.empty()) { next_host = host_; }
  if (next_path.empty()) { next_path = "/"; }

  auto path = decode_query_component(next_path, true) + next_query;

  // Same host redirect - use current client
  if (next_scheme == scheme && next_host == host_ && next_port == port_) {
    return detail::redirect(*this, req, res, path, location, error);
  }

  // Cross-host/scheme redirect - create new client with robust setup
  return create_redirect_client(next_scheme, next_host, next_port, req, res,
                                path, location, error);
}

// New method for robust redirect client creation
inline bool ClientImpl::create_redirect_client(
    const std::string &scheme, const std::string &host, int port, Request &req,
    Response &res, const std::string &path, const std::string &location,
    Error &error) {
  // Determine if we need SSL
  auto need_ssl = (scheme == "https");

  // Clean up request headers that are host/client specific
  // Remove headers that should not be carried over to new host
  auto headers_to_remove =
      std::vector<std::string>{"Host", "Proxy-Authorization", "Authorization"};

  for (const auto &header_name : headers_to_remove) {
    auto it = req.headers.find(header_name);
    while (it != req.headers.end()) {
      it = req.headers.erase(it);
      it = req.headers.find(header_name);
    }
  }

  // Create appropriate client type and handle redirect
  if (need_ssl) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    // Create SSL client for HTTPS redirect
    SSLClient redirect_client(host, port);

    // Setup basic client configuration first
    setup_redirect_client(redirect_client);

    redirect_client.enable_server_certificate_verification(
        server_certificate_verification_);
    redirect_client.enable_server_hostname_verification(
        server_hostname_verification_);

    // Transfer CA certificate to redirect client
    if (!ca_cert_pem_.empty()) {
      redirect_client.load_ca_cert_store(ca_cert_pem_.c_str(),
                                         ca_cert_pem_.size());
    }
    if (!ca_cert_file_path_.empty()) {
      redirect_client.set_ca_cert_path(ca_cert_file_path_, ca_cert_dir_path_);
    }

    // Client certificates are set through constructor for SSLClient
    // NOTE: SSLClient constructor already takes client_cert_path and
    // client_key_path so we need to create it properly if client certs are
    // needed

    // Execute the redirect
    return detail::redirect(redirect_client, req, res, path, location, error);
#else
    // SSL not supported - set appropriate error
    error = Error::SSLConnection;
    output_error_log(error, &req);
    return false;
#endif
  } else {
    // HTTP redirect
    ClientImpl redirect_client(host, port);

    // Setup client with robust configuration
    setup_redirect_client(redirect_client);

    // Execute the redirect
    return detail::redirect(redirect_client, req, res, path, location, error);
  }
}

// New method for robust client setup (based on basic_manual_redirect.cpp
// logic)
template <typename ClientType>
inline void ClientImpl::setup_redirect_client(ClientType &client) {
  // Copy basic settings first
  client.set_connection_timeout(connection_timeout_sec_);
  client.set_read_timeout(read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_);
  client.set_write_timeout(write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_);
  client.set_keep_alive(keep_alive_);
  client.set_follow_location(
      true); // Enable redirects to handle multi-step redirects
  client.set_path_encode(path_encode_);
  client.set_compress(compress_);
  client.set_decompress(decompress_);

  // Copy authentication settings BEFORE proxy setup
  if (!basic_auth_username_.empty()) {
    client.set_basic_auth(basic_auth_username_, basic_auth_password_);
  }
  if (!bearer_token_auth_token_.empty()) {
    client.set_bearer_token_auth(bearer_token_auth_token_);
  }
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  if (!digest_auth_username_.empty()) {
    client.set_digest_auth(digest_auth_username_, digest_auth_password_);
  }
#endif

  // Setup proxy configuration (CRITICAL ORDER - proxy must be set
  // before proxy auth)
  if (!proxy_host_.empty() && proxy_port_ != -1) {
    // First set proxy host and port
    client.set_proxy(proxy_host_, proxy_port_);

    // Then set proxy authentication (order matters!)
    if (!proxy_basic_auth_username_.empty()) {
      client.set_proxy_basic_auth(proxy_basic_auth_username_,
                                  proxy_basic_auth_password_);
    }
    if (!proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_.empty()) {
      client.set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_);
    }
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    if (!proxy_digest_auth_username_.empty()) {
      client.set_proxy_digest_auth(proxy_digest_auth_username_,
                                   proxy_digest_auth_password_);
    }
#endif
  }

  // Copy network and socket settings
  client.set_address_family(address_family_);
  client.set_tcp_nodelay(tcp_nodelay_);
  client.set_ipv6_v6only(ipv6_v6only_);
  if (socket_options_) { client.set_socket_options(socket_options_); }
  if (!interface_.empty()) { client.set_interface(interface_); }

  // Copy logging and headers
  if (logger_) { client.set_logger(logger_); }
  if (error_logger_) { client.set_error_logger(error_logger_); }

  // NOTE: DO NOT copy default_headers_ as they may contain stale Host headers
  // Each new client should generate its own headers based on its target host
}

inline bool ClientImpl::write_content_with_provider(Stream &strm,
                                                    const Request &req,
                                                    Error &error) const {
  auto is_shutting_down = []() { return false; };

  if (req.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
    auto compressor = compress_ ? detail::create_compressor().first
                                : std::unique_ptr<detail::compressor>();
    if (!compressor) {
      compressor = detail::make_unique<detail::nocompressor>();
    }

    return detail::write_content_chunked(strm, req.content_provider_,
                                         is_shutting_down, *compressor, error);
  } else {
    return detail::write_content_with_progress(
        strm, req.content_provider_, 0, req.content_length_, is_shutting_down,
        req.upload_progress, error);
  }
}

inline bool ClientImpl::write_request(Stream &strm, Request &req,
                                      bool close_connection, Error &error,
                                      bool skip_body) {
  // Prepare additional headers
  if (close_connection) {
    if (!req.has_header("Connection")) {
      req.set_header("Connection", "close");
    }
  }

  std::string ct_for_defaults;
  if (!req.has_header("Content-Type") && !req.body.empty()) {
    ct_for_defaults = "text/plain";
  }
  prepare_default_headers(req, false, ct_for_defaults);

  if (req.body.empty()) {
    if (req.content_provider_) {
      if (!req.is_chunked_content_provider_) {
        if (!req.has_header("Content-Length")) {
          auto length = std::to_string(req.content_length_);
          req.set_header("Content-Length", length);
        }
      }
    } else {
      if (req.method == "POST" || req.method == "PUT" ||
          req.method == "PATCH") {
        req.set_header("Content-Length", "0");
      }
    }
  }

  if (!basic_auth_password_.empty() || !basic_auth_username_.empty()) {
    if (!req.has_header("Authorization")) {
      req.headers.insert(make_basic_authentication_header(
          basic_auth_username_, basic_auth_password_, false));
    }
  }

  if (!proxy_basic_auth_username_.empty() &&
      !proxy_basic_auth_password_.empty()) {
    if (!req.has_header("Proxy-Authorization")) {
      req.headers.insert(make_basic_authentication_header(
          proxy_basic_auth_username_, proxy_basic_auth_password_, true));
    }
  }

  if (!bearer_token_auth_token_.empty()) {
    if (!req.has_header("Authorization")) {
      req.headers.insert(make_bearer_token_authentication_header(
          bearer_token_auth_token_, false));
    }
  }

  if (!proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_.empty()) {
    if (!req.has_header("Proxy-Authorization")) {
      req.headers.insert(make_bearer_token_authentication_header(
          proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_, true));
    }
  }

  // Request line and headers
  {
    detail::BufferStream bstrm;

    // Extract path and query from req.path
    std::string path_part, query_part;
    auto query_pos = req.path.find('?');
    if (query_pos != std::string::npos) {
      path_part = req.path.substr(0, query_pos);
      query_part = req.path.substr(query_pos + 1);
    } else {
      path_part = req.path;
      query_part = "";
    }

    // Encode path part. If the original `req.path` already contained a
    // query component, preserve its raw query string (including parameter
    // order) instead of reparsing and reassembling it which may reorder
    // parameters due to container ordering (e.g. `Params` uses
    // `std::multimap`). When there is no query in `req.path`, fall back to
    // building a query from `req.params` so existing callers that pass
    // `Params` continue to work.
    auto path_with_query =
        path_encode_ ? detail::encode_path(path_part) : path_part;

    if (!query_part.empty()) {
      // Normalize the query string (decode then re-encode) while preserving
      // the original parameter order.
      auto normalized = detail::normalize_query_string(query_part);
      if (!normalized.empty()) { path_with_query += '?' + normalized; }

      // Still populate req.params for handlers/users who read them.
      detail::parse_query_text(query_part, req.params);
    } else {
      // No query in path; parse any query_part (empty) and append params
      // from `req.params` when present (preserves prior behavior for
      // callers who provide Params separately).
      detail::parse_query_text(query_part, req.params);
      if (!req.params.empty()) {
        path_with_query = append_query_params(path_with_query, req.params);
      }
    }

    // Write request line and headers
    detail::write_request_line(bstrm, req.method, path_with_query);
    if (!detail::check_and_write_headers(bstrm, req.headers, header_writer_,
                                         error)) {
      output_error_log(error, &req);
      return false;
    }

    // Flush buffer
    auto &data = bstrm.get_buffer();
    if (!detail::write_data(strm, data.data(), data.size())) {
      error = Error::Write;
      output_error_log(error, &req);
      return false;
    }
  }

  // After sending request line and headers, wait briefly for an early server
  // response (e.g. 4xx) and avoid sending a potentially large request body
  // unnecessarily. This workaround is only enabled on Windows because Unix
  // platforms surface write errors (EPIPE) earlier; on Windows kernel send
  // buffering can accept large writes even when the peer already responded.
  // Check the stream first (which covers SSL via `is_readable()`), then
  // fall back to select on the socket. Only perform the wait for very large
  // request bodies to avoid interfering with normal small requests and
  // reduce side-effects. Poll briefly (up to 50ms as default) for an early
  // response. Skip this check when using Expect: 100-continue, as the protocol
  // handles early responses properly.
#if defined(_WIN32)
  if (!skip_body &&
      req.body.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_THRESHOLD &&
      req.path.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH) {
    auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();

    for (;;) {
      // Prefer socket-level readiness to avoid SSL_pending() false-positives
      // from SSL internals. If the underlying socket is readable, assume an
      // early response may be present.
      auto sock = strm.socket();
      if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET && detail::select_read(sock, 0, 0) > 0) {
        return false;
      }

      // Fallback to stream-level check for non-socket streams or when the
      // socket isn't reporting readable. Avoid using `is_readable()` for
      // SSL, since `SSL_pending()` may report buffered records that do not
      // indicate a complete application-level response yet.
      if (!is_ssl() && strm.is_readable()) { return false; }

      auto now = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
      auto elapsed =
          std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(now - start)
              .count();
      if (elapsed >= CPPHTTPLIB_WAIT_EARLY_SERVER_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MSECOND) {
        break;
      }

      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
    }
  }
#endif

  // Body
  if (skip_body) { return true; }

  return write_request_body(strm, req, error);
}

inline bool ClientImpl::write_request_body(Stream &strm, Request &req,
                                           Error &error) {
  if (req.body.empty()) {
    return write_content_with_provider(strm, req, error);
  }

  if (req.upload_progress) {
    auto body_size = req.body.size();
    size_t written = 0;
    auto data = req.body.data();

    while (written < body_size) {
      size_t to_write = (std::min)(CPPHTTPLIB_SEND_BUFSIZ, body_size - written);
      if (!detail::write_data(strm, data + written, to_write)) {
        error = Error::Write;
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return false;
      }
      written += to_write;

      if (!req.upload_progress(written, body_size)) {
        error = Error::Canceled;
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return false;
      }
    }
  } else {
    if (!detail::write_data(strm, req.body.data(), req.body.size())) {
      error = Error::Write;
      output_error_log(error, &req);
      return false;
    }
  }

  return true;
}

inline std::unique_ptr<Response>
ClientImpl::send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
    Request &req, const char *body, size_t content_length,
    ContentProvider content_provider,
    ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
    const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
    Error &error) {
  if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }

  auto enc = compress_
                 ? detail::create_compressor()
                 : std::pair<std::unique_ptr<detail::compressor>, const char *>(
                       nullptr, nullptr);

  if (enc.second) { req.set_header("Content-Encoding", enc.second); }

  if (enc.first && !content_provider_without_length) {
    auto &compressor = enc.first;

    if (content_provider) {
      auto ok = true;
      size_t offset = 0;
      DataSink data_sink;

      data_sink.write = [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) -> bool {
        if (ok) {
          auto last = offset + data_len == content_length;

          auto ret = compressor->compress(
              data, data_len, last,
              [&](const char *compressed_data, size_t compressed_data_len) {
                req.body.append(compressed_data, compressed_data_len);
                return true;
              });

          if (ret) {
            offset += data_len;
          } else {
            ok = false;
          }
        }
        return ok;
      };

      while (ok && offset < content_length) {
        if (!content_provider(offset, content_length - offset, data_sink)) {
          error = Error::Canceled;
          output_error_log(error, &req);
          return nullptr;
        }
      }
    } else {
      if (!compressor->compress(body, content_length, true,
                                [&](const char *data, size_t data_len) {
                                  req.body.append(data, data_len);
                                  return true;
                                })) {
        error = Error::Compression;
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return nullptr;
      }
    }
  } else {
    if (content_provider) {
      req.content_length_ = content_length;
      req.content_provider_ = std::move(content_provider);
      req.is_chunked_content_provider_ = false;
    } else if (content_provider_without_length) {
      req.content_length_ = 0;
      req.content_provider_ = detail::ContentProviderAdapter(
          std::move(content_provider_without_length));
      req.is_chunked_content_provider_ = true;
      req.set_header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
    } else {
      req.body.assign(body, content_length);
    }
  }

  if (content_receiver) {
    req.content_receiver =
        [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
                           size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
          return content_receiver(data, data_length);
        };
  }

  auto res = detail::make_unique<Response>();
  return send(req, *res, error) ? std::move(res) : nullptr;
}

inline Result ClientImpl::send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
    const std::string &method, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
    const char *body, size_t content_length, ContentProvider content_provider,
    ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider_without_length,
    const std::string &content_type, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
    UploadProgress progress) {
  Request req;
  req.method = method;
  req.headers = headers;
  req.path = path;
  req.upload_progress = std::move(progress);
  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  auto error = Error::Success;

  auto res = send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      req, body, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
      std::move(content_provider_without_length), content_type,
      std::move(content_receiver), error);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  return Result{std::move(res), error, std::move(req.headers), last_ssl_error_,
                last_backend_error_};
#else
  return Result{std::move(res), error, std::move(req.headers)};
#endif
}

inline void ClientImpl::output_log(const Request &req,
                                   const Response &res) const {
  if (logger_) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
    logger_(req, res);
  }
}

inline void ClientImpl::output_error_log(const Error &err,
                                         const Request *req) const {
  if (error_logger_) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(logger_mutex_);
    error_logger_(err, req);
  }
}

inline bool ClientImpl::process_request(Stream &strm, Request &req,
                                        Response &res, bool close_connection,
                                        Error &error) {
  // Auto-add Expect: 100-continue for large bodies
  if (CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD > 0 && !req.has_header("Expect")) {
    auto body_size = req.body.empty() ? req.content_length_ : req.body.size();
    if (body_size >= CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_THRESHOLD) {
      req.set_header("Expect", "100-continue");
    }
  }

  // Check for Expect: 100-continue
  auto expect_100_continue = req.get_header_value("Expect") == "100-continue";

  // Send request (skip body if using Expect: 100-continue)
  auto write_request_success =
      write_request(strm, req, close_connection, error, expect_100_continue);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  if (is_ssl() && !expect_100_continue) {
    auto is_proxy_enabled = !proxy_host_.empty() && proxy_port_ != -1;
    if (!is_proxy_enabled) {
      if (tls::is_peer_closed(socket_.ssl, socket_.sock)) {
        error = Error::SSLPeerCouldBeClosed_;
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return false;
      }
    }
  }
#endif

  // Handle Expect: 100-continue with timeout
  if (expect_100_continue && CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND > 0) {
    time_t sec = CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND / 1000;
    time_t usec = (CPPHTTPLIB_EXPECT_100_TIMEOUT_MSECOND % 1000) * 1000;
    auto ret = detail::select_read(strm.socket(), sec, usec);
    if (ret <= 0) {
      // Timeout or error: send body anyway (server didn't respond in time)
      if (!write_request_body(strm, req, error)) { return false; }
      expect_100_continue = false; // Switch to normal response handling
    }
  }

  // Receive response and headers
  // When using Expect: 100-continue, don't auto-skip `100 Continue` response
  if (!read_response_line(strm, req, res, !expect_100_continue) ||
      !detail::read_headers(strm, res.headers)) {
    if (write_request_success) { error = Error::Read; }
    output_error_log(error, &req);
    return false;
  }

  if (!write_request_success) { return false; }

  // Handle Expect: 100-continue response
  if (expect_100_continue) {
    if (res.status == StatusCode::Continue_100) {
      // Server accepted, send the body
      if (!write_request_body(strm, req, error)) { return false; }

      // Read the actual response
      res.headers.clear();
      res.body.clear();
      if (!read_response_line(strm, req, res) ||
          !detail::read_headers(strm, res.headers)) {
        error = Error::Read;
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return false;
      }
    }
    // If not 100 Continue, server returned an error; proceed with that response
  }

  // Body
  if ((res.status != StatusCode::NoContent_204) && req.method != "HEAD" &&
      req.method != "CONNECT") {
    auto redirect = 300 < res.status && res.status < 400 &&
                    res.status != StatusCode::NotModified_304 &&
                    follow_location_;

    if (req.response_handler && !redirect) {
      if (!req.response_handler(res)) {
        error = Error::Canceled;
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return false;
      }
    }

    auto out =
        req.content_receiver
            ? static_cast<ContentReceiverWithProgress>(
                  [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t off, size_t len) {
                    if (redirect) { return true; }
                    auto ret = req.content_receiver(buf, n, off, len);
                    if (!ret) {
                      error = Error::Canceled;
                      output_error_log(error, &req);
                    }
                    return ret;
                  })
            : static_cast<ContentReceiverWithProgress>(
                  [&](const char *buf, size_t n, size_t /*off*/,
                      size_t /*len*/) {
                    assert(res.body.size() + n <= res.body.max_size());
                    if (payload_max_length_ > 0 &&
                        (res.body.size() >= payload_max_length_ ||
                         n > payload_max_length_ - res.body.size())) {
                      return false;
                    }
                    res.body.append(buf, n);
                    return true;
                  });

    auto progress = [&](size_t current, size_t total) {
      if (!req.download_progress || redirect) { return true; }
      auto ret = req.download_progress(current, total);
      if (!ret) {
        error = Error::Canceled;
        output_error_log(error, &req);
      }
      return ret;
    };

    if (res.has_header("Content-Length")) {
      if (!req.content_receiver) {
        auto len = res.get_header_value_u64("Content-Length");
        if (len > res.body.max_size()) {
          error = Error::Read;
          output_error_log(error, &req);
          return false;
        }
        res.body.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(len));
      }
    }

    if (res.status != StatusCode::NotModified_304) {
      int dummy_status;
      auto max_length = (!has_payload_max_length_ && req.content_receiver)
                            ? (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max)()
                            : payload_max_length_;
      if (!detail::read_content(strm, res, max_length, dummy_status,
                                std::move(progress), std::move(out),
                                decompress_)) {
        if (error != Error::Canceled) { error = Error::Read; }
        output_error_log(error, &req);
        return false;
      }
    }
  }

  // Log
  output_log(req, res);

  return true;
}

inline ContentProviderWithoutLength ClientImpl::get_multipart_content_provider(
    const std::string &boundary, const UploadFormDataItems &items,
    const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items) const {
  size_t cur_item = 0;
  size_t cur_start = 0;
  // cur_item and cur_start are copied to within the std::function and
  // maintain state between successive calls
  return [&, cur_item, cur_start](size_t offset,
                                  DataSink &sink) mutable -> bool {
    if (!offset && !items.empty()) {
      sink.os << detail::serialize_multipart_formdata(items, boundary, false);
      return true;
    } else if (cur_item < provider_items.size()) {
      if (!cur_start) {
        const auto &begin = detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_item_begin(
            provider_items[cur_item], boundary);
        offset += begin.size();
        cur_start = offset;
        sink.os << begin;
      }

      DataSink cur_sink;
      auto has_data = true;
      cur_sink.write = sink.write;
      cur_sink.done = [&]() { has_data = false; };

      if (!provider_items[cur_item].provider(offset - cur_start, cur_sink)) {
        return false;
      }

      if (!has_data) {
        sink.os << detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_item_end();
        cur_item++;
        cur_start = 0;
      }
      return true;
    } else {
      sink.os << detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_finish(boundary);
      sink.done();
      return true;
    }
  };
}

inline bool ClientImpl::process_socket(
    const Socket &socket,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
    std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback) {
  return detail::process_client_socket(
      socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
      write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_, start_time, std::move(callback));
}

inline bool ClientImpl::is_ssl() const { return false; }

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Get(path, Headers(), std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                              const Headers &headers,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  if (params.empty()) { return Get(path, headers); }

  std::string path_with_query = append_query_params(path, params);
  return Get(path_with_query, headers, std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "GET";
  req.path = path;
  req.headers = headers;
  req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Get(path, Headers(), nullptr, std::move(content_receiver),
             std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Get(path, headers, nullptr, std::move(content_receiver),
             std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path,
                              ResponseHandler response_handler,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Get(path, Headers(), std::move(response_handler),
             std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              ResponseHandler response_handler,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "GET";
  req.path = path;
  req.headers = headers;
  req.response_handler = std::move(response_handler);
  req.content_receiver =
      [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
                         size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
        return content_receiver(data, data_length);
      };
  req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                              const Headers &headers,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Get(path, params, headers, nullptr, std::move(content_receiver),
             std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                              const Headers &headers,
                              ResponseHandler response_handler,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  if (params.empty()) {
    return Get(path, headers, std::move(response_handler),
               std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
  }

  std::string path_with_query = append_query_params(path, params);
  return Get(path_with_query, headers, std::move(response_handler),
             std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Head(const std::string &path) {
  return Head(path, Headers());
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Head(const std::string &path,
                               const Headers &headers) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "HEAD";
  req.headers = headers;
  req.path = path;
  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path) {
  return Post(path, std::string(), std::string());
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
                               const Headers &headers) {
  return Post(path, headers, nullptr, 0, std::string());
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                               size_t content_length,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), body, content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), params);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                               ContentProvider content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
              content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                               ContentProvider content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
              content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
                               ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
              progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
                               ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
              std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               const Params &params) {
  auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
  return Post(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path,
                               const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return Post(path, Headers(), items, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
  return Post(path, headers, content_length,
              detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
              content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                               const std::string &boundary,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  if (!detail::is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(boundary)) {
    return Result{nullptr, Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars};
  }

  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
  return Post(path, headers, content_length,
              detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
              content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               const char *body, size_t content_length,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "POST", path, headers, body, content_length, nullptr, nullptr,
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               const std::string &body,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "POST", path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), nullptr, nullptr,
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               size_t content_length,
                               ContentProvider content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "POST", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
      std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               size_t content_length,
                               ContentProvider content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                               DownloadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "POST", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
      std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type,
      std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "POST", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                               DownloadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "POST", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
      content_type, std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                               const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
                               UploadProgress progress) {
  const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "POST", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr,
      get_multipart_content_provider(boundary, items, provider_items),
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                               const std::string &body,
                               const std::string &content_type,
                               ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                               DownloadProgress progress) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "POST";
  req.path = path;
  req.headers = headers;
  req.body = body;
  req.content_receiver =
      [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
                         size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
        return content_receiver(data, data_length);
      };
  req.download_progress = std::move(progress);

  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path) {
  return Put(path, std::string(), std::string());
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
  return Put(path, headers, nullptr, 0, std::string());
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                              size_t content_length,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), body, content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), params);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                              ContentProvider content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
             content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                              ContentProvider content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
             content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path,
                              ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
             progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path,
                              ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
             std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              const Params &params) {
  auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
  return Put(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path,
                              const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return Put(path, Headers(), items, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
  return Put(path, headers, content_length,
             detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
             content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                              const std::string &boundary,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  if (!detail::is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(boundary)) {
    return Result{nullptr, Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars};
  }

  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
  return Put(path, headers, content_length,
             detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
             content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              const char *body, size_t content_length,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PUT", path, headers, body, content_length, nullptr, nullptr,
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              const std::string &body,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PUT", path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), nullptr, nullptr,
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              size_t content_length,
                              ContentProvider content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
      std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              size_t content_length,
                              ContentProvider content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
      std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type,
      std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
      content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                              const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
                              UploadProgress progress) {
  const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PUT", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr,
      get_multipart_content_provider(boundary, items, provider_items),
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                              const std::string &body,
                              const std::string &content_type,
                              ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                              DownloadProgress progress) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "PUT";
  req.path = path;
  req.headers = headers;
  req.body = body;
  req.content_receiver =
      [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
                         size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
        return content_receiver(data, data_length);
      };
  req.download_progress = std::move(progress);

  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path) {
  return Patch(path, std::string(), std::string());
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, headers, nullptr, 0, std::string(), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                                size_t content_length,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
                                const std::string &body,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), body, content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), params);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                                ContentProvider content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
               content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                                ContentProvider content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), content_length, std::move(content_provider),
               content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
                                ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
               progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
                                ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), std::move(content_provider), content_type,
               std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                const Params &params) {
  auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
  return Patch(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path,
                                const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return Patch(path, Headers(), items, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
  return Patch(path, headers, content_length,
               detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
               content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                                const std::string &boundary,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  if (!detail::is_multipart_boundary_chars_valid(boundary)) {
    return Result{nullptr, Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars};
  }

  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  auto content_length = detail::get_multipart_content_length(items, boundary);
  return Patch(path, headers, content_length,
               detail::make_multipart_content_provider(items, boundary),
               content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                const char *body, size_t content_length,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PATCH", path, headers, body, content_length, nullptr, nullptr,
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                const std::string &body,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PATCH", path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), nullptr, nullptr,
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                size_t content_length,
                                ContentProvider content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
      std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                size_t content_length,
                                ContentProvider content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, content_length,
      std::move(content_provider), nullptr, content_type,
      std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr, std::move(content_provider),
      content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                                const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
                                UploadProgress progress) {
  const auto &boundary = detail::make_multipart_data_boundary();
  const auto &content_type =
      detail::serialize_multipart_formdata_get_content_type(boundary);
  return send_with_content_provider_and_receiver(
      "PATCH", path, headers, nullptr, 0, nullptr,
      get_multipart_content_provider(boundary, items, provider_items),
      content_type, nullptr, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                                const std::string &body,
                                const std::string &content_type,
                                ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                                DownloadProgress progress) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "PATCH";
  req.path = path;
  req.headers = headers;
  req.body = body;
  req.content_receiver =
      [content_receiver](const char *data, size_t data_length,
                         size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*total_length*/) {
        return content_receiver(data, data_length);
      };
  req.download_progress = std::move(progress);

  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Delete(path, Headers(), std::string(), std::string(), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
                                 const Headers &headers,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Delete(path, headers, std::string(), std::string(), progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                                 size_t content_length,
                                 const std::string &content_type,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Delete(path, Headers(), body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
                                 const std::string &body,
                                 const std::string &content_type,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Delete(path, Headers(), body.data(), body.size(), content_type,
                progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
                                 const Headers &headers,
                                 const std::string &body,
                                 const std::string &content_type,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Delete(path, headers, body.data(), body.size(), content_type,
                progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  return Delete(path, Headers(), params, progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
                                 const Headers &headers, const Params &params,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  auto query = detail::params_to_query_str(params);
  return Delete(path, headers, query, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
                progress);
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Delete(const std::string &path,
                                 const Headers &headers, const char *body,
                                 size_t content_length,
                                 const std::string &content_type,
                                 DownloadProgress progress) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "DELETE";
  req.headers = headers;
  req.path = path;
  req.download_progress = std::move(progress);
  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  if (!content_type.empty()) { req.set_header("Content-Type", content_type); }
  req.body.assign(body, content_length);

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Options(const std::string &path) {
  return Options(path, Headers());
}

inline Result ClientImpl::Options(const std::string &path,
                                  const Headers &headers) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "OPTIONS";
  req.headers = headers;
  req.path = path;
  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
    req.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  }

  return send_(std::move(req));
}

inline void ClientImpl::stop() {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);

  // If there is anything ongoing right now, the ONLY thread-safe thing we can
  // do is to shutdown_socket, so that threads using this socket suddenly
  // discover they can't read/write any more and error out. Everything else
  // (closing the socket, shutting ssl down) is unsafe because these actions
  // are not thread-safe.
  if (socket_requests_in_flight_ > 0) {
    shutdown_socket(socket_);

    // Aside from that, we set a flag for the socket to be closed when we're
    // done.
    socket_should_be_closed_when_request_is_done_ = true;
    return;
  }

  // Otherwise, still holding the mutex, we can shut everything down ourselves
  shutdown_ssl(socket_, true);
  shutdown_socket(socket_);
  close_socket(socket_);
}

inline std::string ClientImpl::host() const { return host_; }

inline int ClientImpl::port() const { return port_; }

inline size_t ClientImpl::is_socket_open() const {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(socket_mutex_);
  return socket_.is_open();
}

inline socket_t ClientImpl::socket() const { return socket_.sock; }

inline void ClientImpl::set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  connection_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  connection_timeout_usec_ = usec;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  write_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  write_timeout_usec_ = usec;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_max_timeout(time_t msec) {
  max_timeout_msec_ = msec;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
                                       const std::string &password) {
  basic_auth_username_ = username;
  basic_auth_password_ = password;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
  bearer_token_auth_token_ = token;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_keep_alive(bool on) { keep_alive_ = on; }

inline void ClientImpl::set_follow_location(bool on) { follow_location_ = on; }

inline void ClientImpl::set_path_encode(bool on) { path_encode_ = on; }

inline void
ClientImpl::set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map) {
  addr_map_ = std::move(addr_map);
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_default_headers(Headers headers) {
  default_headers_ = std::move(headers);
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_header_writer(
    std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer) {
  header_writer_ = writer;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_address_family(int family) {
  address_family_ = family;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_tcp_nodelay(bool on) { tcp_nodelay_ = on; }

inline void ClientImpl::set_ipv6_v6only(bool on) { ipv6_v6only_ = on; }

inline void ClientImpl::set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options) {
  socket_options_ = std::move(socket_options);
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_compress(bool on) { compress_ = on; }

inline void ClientImpl::set_decompress(bool on) { decompress_ = on; }

inline void ClientImpl::set_payload_max_length(size_t length) {
  payload_max_length_ = length;
  has_payload_max_length_ = true;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_interface(const std::string &intf) {
  interface_ = intf;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port) {
  proxy_host_ = host;
  proxy_port_ = port;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
                                             const std::string &password) {
  proxy_basic_auth_username_ = username;
  proxy_basic_auth_password_ = password;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
  proxy_bearer_token_auth_token_ = token;
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
inline void ClientImpl::set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                                        const std::string &password) {
  digest_auth_username_ = username;
  digest_auth_password_ = password;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
                                         const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path) {
  ca_cert_file_path_ = ca_cert_file_path;
  ca_cert_dir_path_ = ca_cert_dir_path;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                                              const std::string &password) {
  proxy_digest_auth_username_ = username;
  proxy_digest_auth_password_ = password;
}

inline void ClientImpl::enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
  server_certificate_verification_ = enabled;
}

inline void ClientImpl::enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled) {
  server_hostname_verification_ = enabled;
}
#endif

// ClientImpl::set_ca_cert_store is defined after TLS namespace (uses helpers)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
inline X509_STORE *ClientImpl::create_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert,
                                                    std::size_t size) const {
  auto mem = BIO_new_mem_buf(ca_cert, static_cast<int>(size));
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { BIO_free_all(mem); });
  if (!mem) { return nullptr; }

  auto inf = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(mem, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  if (!inf) { return nullptr; }

  auto cts = X509_STORE_new();
  if (cts) {
    for (auto i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(sk_X509_INFO_num(inf)); i++) {
      auto itmp = sk_X509_INFO_value(inf, i);
      if (!itmp) { continue; }

      if (itmp->x509) { X509_STORE_add_cert(cts, itmp->x509); }
      if (itmp->crl) { X509_STORE_add_crl(cts, itmp->crl); }
    }
  }

  sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(inf, X509_INFO_free);
  return cts;
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_server_certificate_verifier(
    std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(SSL *ssl)> /*verifier*/) {
  // Base implementation does nothing - SSLClient overrides this
}
#endif

inline void ClientImpl::set_logger(Logger logger) {
  logger_ = std::move(logger);
}

inline void ClientImpl::set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger) {
  error_logger_ = std::move(error_logger);
}

/*
 * SSL/TLS Common Implementation
 */

inline ClientConnection::~ClientConnection() {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  if (session) {
    tls::shutdown(session, true);
    tls::free_session(session);
    session = nullptr;
  }
#endif

  if (sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
    detail::close_socket(sock);
    sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
  }
}

// Universal client implementation
inline Client::Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port)
    : Client(scheme_host_port, std::string(), std::string()) {}

inline Client::Client(const std::string &scheme_host_port,
                      const std::string &client_cert_path,
                      const std::string &client_key_path) {
  const static std::regex re(
      R"((?:([a-z]+):\/\/)?(?:\[([a-fA-F\d:]+)\]|([^:/?#]+))(?::(\d+))?)");

  std::smatch m;
  if (std::regex_match(scheme_host_port, m, re)) {
    auto scheme = m[1].str();

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    if (!scheme.empty() && (scheme != "http" && scheme != "https")) {
#else
    if (!scheme.empty() && scheme != "http") {
#endif
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
      std::string msg = "'" + scheme + "' scheme is not supported.";
      throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
#endif
      return;
    }

    auto is_ssl = scheme == "https";

    auto host = m[2].str();
    if (host.empty()) { host = m[3].str(); }

    auto port_str = m[4].str();
    auto port = is_ssl ? 443 : 80;
    if (!port_str.empty() && !detail::parse_port(port_str, port)) { return; }

    if (is_ssl) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
      cli_ = detail::make_unique<SSLClient>(host, port, client_cert_path,
                                            client_key_path);
      is_ssl_ = is_ssl;
#endif
    } else {
      cli_ = detail::make_unique<ClientImpl>(host, port, client_cert_path,
                                             client_key_path);
    }
  } else {
    // NOTE: Update TEST(UniversalClientImplTest, Ipv6LiteralAddress)
    // if port param below changes.
    cli_ = detail::make_unique<ClientImpl>(scheme_host_port, 80,
                                           client_cert_path, client_key_path);
  }
} // namespace detail

inline Client::Client(const std::string &host, int port)
    : cli_(detail::make_unique<ClientImpl>(host, port)) {}

inline Client::Client(const std::string &host, int port,
                      const std::string &client_cert_path,
                      const std::string &client_key_path)
    : cli_(detail::make_unique<ClientImpl>(host, port, client_cert_path,
                                           client_key_path)) {}

inline Client::~Client() = default;

inline bool Client::is_valid() const {
  return cli_ != nullptr && cli_->is_valid();
}

inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, headers, std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, headers, std::move(content_receiver),
                   std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path,
                          ResponseHandler response_handler,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, std::move(response_handler),
                   std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          ResponseHandler response_handler,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, headers, std::move(response_handler),
                   std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                          const Headers &headers, DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, params, headers, std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                          const Headers &headers,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, params, headers, std::move(content_receiver),
                   std::move(progress));
}
inline Result Client::Get(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                          const Headers &headers,
                          ResponseHandler response_handler,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Get(path, params, headers, std::move(response_handler),
                   std::move(content_receiver), std::move(progress));
}

inline Result Client::Head(const std::string &path) { return cli_->Head(path); }
inline Result Client::Head(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
  return cli_->Head(path, headers);
}

inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path) { return cli_->Post(path); }
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                           size_t content_length,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           const char *body, size_t content_length,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type,
                    progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           const std::string &body,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                           ContentProvider content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                    content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                           ContentProvider content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                    content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path,
                           ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path,
                           ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                    std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           size_t content_length,
                           ContentProvider content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                    content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           size_t content_length,
                           ContentProvider content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                           DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                    content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                    progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                           DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                    std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
  return cli_->Post(path, params);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           const Params &params) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, params);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path,
                           const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                           const std::string &boundary,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, items, boundary, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                           const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
                           UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, items, provider_items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Post(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                           const std::string &body,
                           const std::string &content_type,
                           ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                           DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Post(path, headers, body, content_type,
                    std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}

inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path) { return cli_->Put(path); }
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                          size_t content_length,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          const char *body, size_t content_length,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          const std::string &body,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                          ContentProvider content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                   content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                          ContentProvider content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                   content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path,
                          ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path,
                          ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                   std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          size_t content_length,
                          ContentProvider content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                   content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          size_t content_length,
                          ContentProvider content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                   content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                   progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                   std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
  return cli_->Put(path, params);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          const Params &params) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, params);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path,
                          const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                          const std::string &boundary,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, items, boundary, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                          const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
                          UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, items, provider_items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Put(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                          const std::string &body,
                          const std::string &content_type,
                          ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                          DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Put(path, headers, body, content_type, content_receiver,
                   progress);
}

inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path) {
  return cli_->Patch(path);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                            size_t content_length,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            const char *body, size_t content_length,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type,
                     progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            const std::string &body,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                            ContentProvider content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                     content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, size_t content_length,
                            ContentProvider content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                     content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path,
                            ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path,
                            ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                     std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            size_t content_length,
                            ContentProvider content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                     content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            size_t content_length,
                            ContentProvider content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, content_length, std::move(content_provider),
                     content_type, std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                     progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            ContentProviderWithoutLength content_provider,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, std::move(content_provider), content_type,
                     std::move(content_receiver), progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Params &params) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, params);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            const Params &params) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, params);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path,
                            const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                            const std::string &boundary,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, items, boundary, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            const UploadFormDataItems &items,
                            const FormDataProviderItems &provider_items,
                            UploadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, items, provider_items, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Patch(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                            const std::string &body,
                            const std::string &content_type,
                            ContentReceiver content_receiver,
                            DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Patch(path, headers, body, content_type, content_receiver,
                     progress);
}

inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path,
                             DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                             DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, headers, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const char *body,
                             size_t content_length,
                             const std::string &content_type,
                             DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, body, content_length, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                             const char *body, size_t content_length,
                             const std::string &content_type,
                             DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, headers, body, content_length, content_type,
                      progress);
}
inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const std::string &body,
                             const std::string &content_type,
                             DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                             const std::string &body,
                             const std::string &content_type,
                             DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, headers, body, content_type, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Params &params,
                             DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, params, progress);
}
inline Result Client::Delete(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
                             const Params &params, DownloadProgress progress) {
  return cli_->Delete(path, headers, params, progress);
}

inline Result Client::Options(const std::string &path) {
  return cli_->Options(path);
}
inline Result Client::Options(const std::string &path, const Headers &headers) {
  return cli_->Options(path, headers);
}

inline ClientImpl::StreamHandle
Client::open_stream(const std::string &method, const std::string &path,
                    const Params &params, const Headers &headers,
                    const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type) {
  return cli_->open_stream(method, path, params, headers, body, content_type);
}

inline bool Client::send(Request &req, Response &res, Error &error) {
  return cli_->send(req, res, error);
}

inline Result Client::send(const Request &req) { return cli_->send(req); }

inline void Client::stop() { cli_->stop(); }

inline std::string Client::host() const { return cli_->host(); }

inline int Client::port() const { return cli_->port(); }

inline size_t Client::is_socket_open() const { return cli_->is_socket_open(); }

inline socket_t Client::socket() const { return cli_->socket(); }

inline void
Client::set_hostname_addr_map(std::map<std::string, std::string> addr_map) {
  cli_->set_hostname_addr_map(std::move(addr_map));
}

inline void Client::set_default_headers(Headers headers) {
  cli_->set_default_headers(std::move(headers));
}

inline void Client::set_header_writer(
    std::function<ssize_t(Stream &, Headers &)> const &writer) {
  cli_->set_header_writer(writer);
}

inline void Client::set_address_family(int family) {
  cli_->set_address_family(family);
}

inline void Client::set_tcp_nodelay(bool on) { cli_->set_tcp_nodelay(on); }

inline void Client::set_socket_options(SocketOptions socket_options) {
  cli_->set_socket_options(std::move(socket_options));
}

inline void Client::set_connection_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  cli_->set_connection_timeout(sec, usec);
}

inline void Client::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  cli_->set_read_timeout(sec, usec);
}

inline void Client::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  cli_->set_write_timeout(sec, usec);
}

inline void Client::set_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
                                   const std::string &password) {
  cli_->set_basic_auth(username, password);
}
inline void Client::set_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
  cli_->set_bearer_token_auth(token);
}

inline void Client::set_keep_alive(bool on) { cli_->set_keep_alive(on); }
inline void Client::set_follow_location(bool on) {
  cli_->set_follow_location(on);
}

inline void Client::set_path_encode(bool on) { cli_->set_path_encode(on); }

[[deprecated("Use set_path_encode() instead. "
             "This function will be removed by v1.0.0.")]]
inline void Client::set_url_encode(bool on) {
  cli_->set_path_encode(on);
}

inline void Client::set_compress(bool on) { cli_->set_compress(on); }

inline void Client::set_decompress(bool on) { cli_->set_decompress(on); }

inline void Client::set_payload_max_length(size_t length) {
  cli_->set_payload_max_length(length);
}

inline void Client::set_interface(const std::string &intf) {
  cli_->set_interface(intf);
}

inline void Client::set_proxy(const std::string &host, int port) {
  cli_->set_proxy(host, port);
}
inline void Client::set_proxy_basic_auth(const std::string &username,
                                         const std::string &password) {
  cli_->set_proxy_basic_auth(username, password);
}
inline void Client::set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(const std::string &token) {
  cli_->set_proxy_bearer_token_auth(token);
}

inline void Client::set_logger(Logger logger) {
  cli_->set_logger(std::move(logger));
}

inline void Client::set_error_logger(ErrorLogger error_logger) {
  cli_->set_error_logger(std::move(error_logger));
}

/*
 * Group 6: SSL Server and Client implementation
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

// SSL HTTP server implementation
inline SSLServer::SSLServer(const char *cert_path, const char *private_key_path,
                            const char *client_ca_cert_file_path,
                            const char *client_ca_cert_dir_path,
                            const char *private_key_password) {
  using namespace tls;

  ctx_ = create_server_context();
  if (!ctx_) { return; }

  // Load server certificate and private key
  if (!set_server_cert_file(ctx_, cert_path, private_key_path,
                            private_key_password)) {
    last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
    free_context(ctx_);
    ctx_ = nullptr;
    return;
  }

  // Load client CA certificates for client authentication
  if (client_ca_cert_file_path || client_ca_cert_dir_path) {
    if (!set_client_ca_file(ctx_, client_ca_cert_file_path,
                            client_ca_cert_dir_path)) {
      last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
      free_context(ctx_);
      ctx_ = nullptr;
      return;
    }
    // Enable client certificate verification
    set_verify_client(ctx_, true);
  }
}

inline SSLServer::SSLServer(const PemMemory &pem) {
  using namespace tls;
  ctx_ = create_server_context();
  if (ctx_) {
    if (!set_server_cert_pem(ctx_, pem.cert_pem, pem.key_pem,
                             pem.private_key_password)) {
      last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
      free_context(ctx_);
      ctx_ = nullptr;
    } else if (pem.client_ca_pem && pem.client_ca_pem_len > 0) {
      if (!load_ca_pem(ctx_, pem.client_ca_pem, pem.client_ca_pem_len)) {
        last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
        free_context(ctx_);
        ctx_ = nullptr;
      } else {
        set_verify_client(ctx_, true);
      }
    }
  }
}

inline SSLServer::SSLServer(const tls::ContextSetupCallback &setup_callback) {
  using namespace tls;
  ctx_ = create_server_context();
  if (ctx_) {
    if (!setup_callback(ctx_)) {
      free_context(ctx_);
      ctx_ = nullptr;
    }
  }
}

inline SSLServer::~SSLServer() {
  if (ctx_) { tls::free_context(ctx_); }
}

inline bool SSLServer::is_valid() const { return ctx_ != nullptr; }

inline bool SSLServer::process_and_close_socket(socket_t sock) {
  using namespace tls;

  // Create TLS session with mutex protection
  session_t session = nullptr;
  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
    session = create_session(static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx_), sock);
  }

  if (!session) {
    last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
    detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
    detail::close_socket(sock);
    return false;
  }

  // Use scope_exit to ensure cleanup on all paths (including exceptions)
  bool handshake_done = false;
  bool ret = false;
  bool websocket_upgraded = false;
  auto cleanup = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    if (handshake_done) { shutdown(session, !websocket_upgraded && ret); }
    free_session(session);
    detail::shutdown_socket(sock);
    detail::close_socket(sock);
  });

  // Perform TLS accept handshake with timeout
  TlsError tls_err;
  if (!accept_nonblocking(session, sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
                          &tls_err)) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
    // Map TlsError to legacy ssl_error for backward compatibility
    if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::WantRead) {
      last_ssl_error_ = SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ;
    } else if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::WantWrite) {
      last_ssl_error_ = SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE;
    } else {
      last_ssl_error_ = SSL_ERROR_SSL;
    }
#else
    last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(get_error());
#endif
    return false;
  }

  handshake_done = true;

  std::string remote_addr;
  int remote_port = 0;
  detail::get_remote_ip_and_port(sock, remote_addr, remote_port);

  std::string local_addr;
  int local_port = 0;
  detail::get_local_ip_and_port(sock, local_addr, local_port);

  ret = detail::process_server_socket_ssl(
      svr_sock_, session, sock, keep_alive_max_count_, keep_alive_timeout_sec_,
      read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
      write_timeout_usec_,
      [&](Stream &strm, bool close_connection, bool &connection_closed) {
        return process_request(
            strm, remote_addr, remote_port, local_addr, local_port,
            close_connection, connection_closed,
            [&](Request &req) { req.ssl = session; }, &websocket_upgraded);
      });

  return ret;
}

inline bool SSLServer::update_certs_pem(const char *cert_pem,
                                        const char *key_pem,
                                        const char *client_ca_pem,
                                        const char *password) {
  if (!ctx_) { return false; }
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
  if (!tls::update_server_cert(ctx_, cert_pem, key_pem, password)) {
    return false;
  }
  if (client_ca_pem) {
    return tls::update_server_client_ca(ctx_, client_ca_pem);
  }
  return true;
}

// SSL HTTP client implementation
inline SSLClient::~SSLClient() {
  if (ctx_) { tls::free_context(ctx_); }
  // Make sure to shut down SSL since shutdown_ssl will resolve to the
  // base function rather than the derived function once we get to the
  // base class destructor, and won't free the SSL (causing a leak).
  shutdown_ssl_impl(socket_, true);
}

inline bool SSLClient::is_valid() const { return ctx_ != nullptr; }

inline void SSLClient::shutdown_ssl(Socket &socket, bool shutdown_gracefully) {
  shutdown_ssl_impl(socket, shutdown_gracefully);
}

inline void SSLClient::shutdown_ssl_impl(Socket &socket,
                                         bool shutdown_gracefully) {
  if (socket.sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
    assert(socket.ssl == nullptr);
    return;
  }
  if (socket.ssl) {
    tls::shutdown(socket.ssl, shutdown_gracefully);
    {
      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
      tls::free_session(socket.ssl);
    }
    socket.ssl = nullptr;
  }
  assert(socket.ssl == nullptr);
}

inline bool SSLClient::process_socket(
    const Socket &socket,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
    std::function<bool(Stream &strm)> callback) {
  assert(socket.ssl);
  return detail::process_client_socket_ssl(
      socket.ssl, socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
      write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_, start_time,
      std::move(callback));
}

inline bool SSLClient::is_ssl() const { return true; }

inline bool SSLClient::create_and_connect_socket(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
  if (!is_valid()) {
    error = Error::SSLConnection;
    return false;
  }
  return ClientImpl::create_and_connect_socket(socket, error);
}

inline bool SSLClient::setup_proxy_connection(
    Socket &socket,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
    Response &res, bool &success, Error &error) {
  if (proxy_host_.empty() || proxy_port_ == -1) { return true; }

  if (!connect_with_proxy(socket, start_time, res, success, error)) {
    return false;
  }

  if (!initialize_ssl(socket, error)) {
    success = false;
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

// Assumes that socket_mutex_ is locked and that there are no requests in
// flight
inline bool SSLClient::connect_with_proxy(
    Socket &socket,
    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start_time,
    Response &res, bool &success, Error &error) {
  success = true;
  Response proxy_res;
  if (!detail::process_client_socket(
          socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
          write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_,
          start_time, [&](Stream &strm) {
            Request req2;
            req2.method = "CONNECT";
            req2.path =
                detail::make_host_and_port_string_always_port(host_, port_);
            if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
              req2.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
            }
            return process_request(strm, req2, proxy_res, false, error);
          })) {
    // Thread-safe to close everything because we are assuming there are no
    // requests in flight
    shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
    shutdown_socket(socket);
    close_socket(socket);
    success = false;
    return false;
  }

  if (proxy_res.status == StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407) {
    if (!proxy_digest_auth_username_.empty() &&
        !proxy_digest_auth_password_.empty()) {
      std::map<std::string, std::string> auth;
      if (detail::parse_www_authenticate(proxy_res, auth, true)) {
        // Close the current socket and create a new one for the authenticated
        // request
        shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
        shutdown_socket(socket);
        close_socket(socket);

        // Create a new socket for the authenticated CONNECT request
        if (!ensure_socket_connection(socket, error)) {
          success = false;
          output_error_log(error, nullptr);
          return false;
        }

        proxy_res = Response();
        if (!detail::process_client_socket(
                socket.sock, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
                write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_, max_timeout_msec_,
                start_time, [&](Stream &strm) {
                  Request req3;
                  req3.method = "CONNECT";
                  req3.path = detail::make_host_and_port_string_always_port(
                      host_, port_);
                  req3.headers.insert(detail::make_digest_authentication_header(
                      req3, auth, 1, detail::random_string(10),
                      proxy_digest_auth_username_, proxy_digest_auth_password_,
                      true));
                  if (max_timeout_msec_ > 0) {
                    req3.start_time_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
                  }
                  return process_request(strm, req3, proxy_res, false, error);
                })) {
          // Thread-safe to close everything because we are assuming there are
          // no requests in flight
          shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
          shutdown_socket(socket);
          close_socket(socket);
          success = false;
          return false;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // If status code is not 200, proxy request is failed.
  // Set error to ProxyConnection and return proxy response
  // as the response of the request
  if (proxy_res.status != StatusCode::OK_200) {
    error = Error::ProxyConnection;
    output_error_log(error, nullptr);
    res = std::move(proxy_res);
    // Thread-safe to close everything because we are assuming there are
    // no requests in flight
    shutdown_ssl(socket, true);
    shutdown_socket(socket);
    close_socket(socket);
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool SSLClient::ensure_socket_connection(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
  if (!ClientImpl::ensure_socket_connection(socket, error)) { return false; }

  if (!proxy_host_.empty() && proxy_port_ != -1) { return true; }

  if (!initialize_ssl(socket, error)) {
    shutdown_socket(socket);
    close_socket(socket);
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

// SSL HTTP client implementation
inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host)
    : SSLClient(host, 443, std::string(), std::string()) {}

inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port)
    : SSLClient(host, port, std::string(), std::string()) {}

inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port,
                            const std::string &client_cert_path,
                            const std::string &client_key_path,
                            const std::string &private_key_password)
    : ClientImpl(host, port, client_cert_path, client_key_path) {
  ctx_ = tls::create_client_context();
  if (!ctx_) { return; }

  tls::set_min_version(ctx_, tls::Version::TLS1_2);

  if (!client_cert_path.empty() && !client_key_path.empty()) {
    const char *password =
        private_key_password.empty() ? nullptr : private_key_password.c_str();
    if (!tls::set_client_cert_file(ctx_, client_cert_path.c_str(),
                                   client_key_path.c_str(), password)) {
      last_backend_error_ = tls::get_error();
      tls::free_context(ctx_);
      ctx_ = nullptr;
    }
  }
}

inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port,
                            const PemMemory &pem)
    : ClientImpl(host, port) {
  ctx_ = tls::create_client_context();
  if (!ctx_) { return; }

  tls::set_min_version(ctx_, tls::Version::TLS1_2);

  if (pem.cert_pem && pem.key_pem) {
    if (!tls::set_client_cert_pem(ctx_, pem.cert_pem, pem.key_pem,
                                  pem.private_key_password)) {
      last_backend_error_ = tls::get_error();
      tls::free_context(ctx_);
      ctx_ = nullptr;
    }
  }
}

inline void SSLClient::set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store) {
  if (ca_cert_store && ctx_) {
    // set_ca_store takes ownership of ca_cert_store
    tls::set_ca_store(ctx_, ca_cert_store);
  } else if (ca_cert_store) {
    tls::free_ca_store(ca_cert_store);
  }
}

inline void
SSLClient::set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier) {
  if (!ctx_) { return; }
  tls::set_verify_callback(ctx_, verifier);
}

inline void SSLClient::set_session_verifier(
    std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier) {
  session_verifier_ = std::move(verifier);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
inline void SSLClient::enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
  enable_windows_cert_verification_ = enabled;
}
#endif

inline void SSLClient::load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert,
                                          std::size_t size) {
  if (ctx_ && ca_cert && size > 0) {
    ca_cert_pem_.assign(ca_cert, size); // Store for redirect transfer
    tls::load_ca_pem(ctx_, ca_cert, size);
  }
}

inline bool SSLClient::load_certs() {
  auto ret = true;

  std::call_once(initialize_cert_, [&]() {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);

    if (!ca_cert_file_path_.empty()) {
      if (!tls::load_ca_file(ctx_, ca_cert_file_path_.c_str())) {
        last_backend_error_ = tls::get_error();
        ret = false;
      }
    } else if (!ca_cert_dir_path_.empty()) {
      if (!tls::load_ca_dir(ctx_, ca_cert_dir_path_.c_str())) {
        last_backend_error_ = tls::get_error();
        ret = false;
      }
    } else if (ca_cert_pem_.empty()) {
      if (!tls::load_system_certs(ctx_)) {
        last_backend_error_ = tls::get_error();
      }
    }
  });

  return ret;
}

inline bool SSLClient::initialize_ssl(Socket &socket, Error &error) {
  using namespace tls;

  // Load CA certificates if server verification is enabled
  if (server_certificate_verification_) {
    if (!load_certs()) {
      error = Error::SSLLoadingCerts;
      output_error_log(error, nullptr);
      return false;
    }
  }

  bool is_ip = detail::is_ip_address(host_);

#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT) || defined(CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT)
  // MbedTLS/wolfSSL need explicit verification mode (OpenSSL uses
  // SSL_VERIFY_NONE by default and performs all verification post-handshake).
  // For IP addresses with verification enabled, use OPTIONAL mode since
  // these backends require hostname for strict verification.
  if (is_ip && server_certificate_verification_) {
    set_verify_client(ctx_, false);
  } else {
    set_verify_client(ctx_, server_certificate_verification_);
  }
#endif

  // Create TLS session
  session_t session = nullptr;
  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
    session = create_session(ctx_, socket.sock);
  }

  if (!session) {
    error = Error::SSLConnection;
    last_backend_error_ = get_error();
    return false;
  }

  // Use scope_exit to ensure session is freed on error paths
  bool success = false;
  auto session_guard = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    if (!success) { free_session(session); }
  });

  // Set SNI extension (skip for IP addresses per RFC 6066).
  // On MbedTLS, set_sni also enables hostname verification internally.
  // On OpenSSL, set_sni only sets SNI; verification is done post-handshake.
  if (!is_ip) {
    if (!set_sni(session, host_.c_str())) {
      error = Error::SSLConnection;
      last_backend_error_ = get_error();
      return false;
    }
  }

  // Perform non-blocking TLS handshake with timeout
  TlsError tls_err;
  if (!connect_nonblocking(session, socket.sock, connection_timeout_sec_,
                           connection_timeout_usec_, &tls_err)) {
    last_ssl_error_ = static_cast<int>(tls_err.code);
    last_backend_error_ = tls_err.backend_code;
    if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::CertVerifyFailed) {
      error = Error::SSLServerVerification;
    } else if (tls_err.code == ErrorCode::HostnameMismatch) {
      error = Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification;
    } else {
      error = Error::SSLConnection;
    }
    output_error_log(error, nullptr);
    return false;
  }

  // Post-handshake session verifier callback
  auto verification_status = SSLVerifierResponse::NoDecisionMade;
  if (session_verifier_) { verification_status = session_verifier_(session); }

  if (verification_status == SSLVerifierResponse::CertificateRejected) {
    last_backend_error_ = get_error();
    error = Error::SSLServerVerification;
    output_error_log(error, nullptr);
    return false;
  }

  // Default server certificate verification
  if (verification_status == SSLVerifierResponse::NoDecisionMade &&
      server_certificate_verification_) {
    verify_result_ = tls::get_verify_result(session);
    if (verify_result_ != 0) {
      last_backend_error_ = static_cast<uint64_t>(verify_result_);
      error = Error::SSLServerVerification;
      output_error_log(error, nullptr);
      return false;
    }

    auto server_cert = get_peer_cert(session);
    if (!server_cert) {
      last_backend_error_ = get_error();
      error = Error::SSLServerVerification;
      output_error_log(error, nullptr);
      return false;
    }
    auto cert_guard = detail::scope_exit([&] { free_cert(server_cert); });

    // Hostname verification (post-handshake for all cases).
    // On OpenSSL, verification is always post-handshake (SSL_VERIFY_NONE).
    // On MbedTLS, set_sni already enabled hostname verification during
    // handshake for non-IP hosts, but this check is still needed for IP
    // addresses where SNI is not set.
    if (server_hostname_verification_) {
      if (!verify_hostname(server_cert, host_.c_str())) {
        last_backend_error_ = hostname_mismatch_code();
        error = Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification;
        output_error_log(error, nullptr);
        return false;
      }
    }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
    // Additional Windows Schannel verification.
    // This provides real-time certificate validation with Windows Update
    // integration, working with both OpenSSL and MbedTLS backends.
    // Skip when a custom CA cert is specified, as the Windows certificate
    // store would not know about user-provided CA certificates.
    if (enable_windows_cert_verification_ && ca_cert_file_path_.empty() &&
        ca_cert_dir_path_.empty() && ca_cert_pem_.empty()) {
      std::vector<unsigned char> der;
      if (get_cert_der(server_cert, der)) {
        uint64_t wincrypt_error = 0;
        if (!detail::verify_cert_with_windows_schannel(
                der, host_, server_hostname_verification_, wincrypt_error)) {
          last_backend_error_ = wincrypt_error;
          error = Error::SSLServerVerification;
          output_error_log(error, nullptr);
          return false;
        }
      }
    }
#endif
  }

  success = true;
  socket.ssl = session;
  return true;
}

inline void Client::set_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                                    const std::string &password) {
  cli_->set_digest_auth(username, password);
}

inline void Client::set_proxy_digest_auth(const std::string &username,
                                          const std::string &password) {
  cli_->set_proxy_digest_auth(username, password);
}

inline void Client::enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
  cli_->enable_server_certificate_verification(enabled);
}

inline void Client::enable_server_hostname_verification(bool enabled) {
  cli_->enable_server_hostname_verification(enabled);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE
inline void Client::enable_windows_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
  if (is_ssl_) {
    static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).enable_windows_certificate_verification(
        enabled);
  }
}
#endif

inline void Client::set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &ca_cert_file_path,
                                     const std::string &ca_cert_dir_path) {
  cli_->set_ca_cert_path(ca_cert_file_path, ca_cert_dir_path);
}

inline void Client::set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t ca_cert_store) {
  if (is_ssl_) {
    static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).set_ca_cert_store(ca_cert_store);
  } else if (ca_cert_store) {
    tls::free_ca_store(ca_cert_store);
  }
}

inline void Client::load_ca_cert_store(const char *ca_cert, std::size_t size) {
  set_ca_cert_store(tls::create_ca_store(ca_cert, size));
}

inline void
Client::set_server_certificate_verifier(tls::VerifyCallback verifier) {
  if (is_ssl_) {
    static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).set_server_certificate_verifier(
        std::move(verifier));
  }
}

inline void Client::set_session_verifier(
    std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(tls::session_t)> verifier) {
  if (is_ssl_) {
    static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).set_session_verifier(std::move(verifier));
  }
}

inline tls::ctx_t Client::tls_context() const {
  if (is_ssl_) { return static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).tls_context(); }
  return nullptr;
}

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

/*
 * Group 7: TLS abstraction layer - Common API
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

namespace tls {

// Helper for PeerCert construction
inline PeerCert get_peer_cert_from_session(const_session_t session) {
  return PeerCert(get_peer_cert(session));
}

namespace impl {

inline VerifyCallback &get_verify_callback() {
  static thread_local VerifyCallback callback;
  return callback;
}

inline VerifyCallback &get_mbedtls_verify_callback() {
  static thread_local VerifyCallback callback;
  return callback;
}

// Check if a string is an IPv4 address
inline bool is_ipv4_address(const std::string &str) {
  int dots = 0;
  for (char c : str) {
    if (c == '.') {
      dots++;
    } else if (!isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(c))) {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return dots == 3;
}

// Parse IPv4 address string to bytes
inline bool parse_ipv4(const std::string &str, unsigned char *out) {
  const char *p = str.c_str();
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    if (i > 0) {
      if (*p != '.') { return false; }
      p++;
    }
    int val = 0;
    int digits = 0;
    while (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') {
      val = val * 10 + (*p - '0');
      if (val > 255) { return false; }
      p++;
      digits++;
    }
    if (digits == 0) { return false; }
    // Reject leading zeros (e.g., "01.002.03.04") to prevent ambiguity
    if (digits > 1 && *(p - digits) == '0') { return false; }
    out[i] = static_cast<unsigned char>(val);
  }
  return *p == '\0';
}

#ifdef _WIN32
// Enumerate Windows system certificates and call callback with DER data
template <typename Callback>
inline bool enumerate_windows_system_certs(Callback cb) {
  bool loaded = false;
  static const wchar_t *store_names[] = {L"ROOT", L"CA"};
  for (auto store_name : store_names) {
    HCERTSTORE hStore = CertOpenSystemStoreW(0, store_name);
    if (hStore) {
      PCCERT_CONTEXT pContext = nullptr;
      while ((pContext = CertEnumCertificatesInStore(hStore, pContext)) !=
             nullptr) {
        if (cb(pContext->pbCertEncoded, pContext->cbCertEncoded)) {
          loaded = true;
        }
      }
      CertCloseStore(hStore, 0);
    }
  }
  return loaded;
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
// Enumerate macOS Keychain certificates and call callback with DER data
template <typename Callback>
inline bool enumerate_macos_keychain_certs(Callback cb) {
  bool loaded = false;
  CFArrayRef certs = nullptr;
  OSStatus status = SecTrustCopyAnchorCertificates(&certs);
  if (status == errSecSuccess && certs) {
    CFIndex count = CFArrayGetCount(certs);
    for (CFIndex i = 0; i < count; i++) {
      SecCertificateRef cert =
          (SecCertificateRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(certs, i);
      CFDataRef data = SecCertificateCopyData(cert);
      if (data) {
        if (cb(CFDataGetBytePtr(data),
               static_cast<size_t>(CFDataGetLength(data)))) {
          loaded = true;
        }
        CFRelease(data);
      }
    }
    CFRelease(certs);
  }
  return loaded;
}
#endif

#if !defined(_WIN32) && !(defined(__APPLE__) &&                                \
                          defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN))
// Common CA certificate file paths on Linux/Unix
inline const char **system_ca_paths() {
  static const char *paths[] = {
      "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt", // Debian/Ubuntu
      "/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt",   // RHEL/CentOS
      "/etc/ssl/ca-bundle.pem",             // OpenSUSE
      "/etc/pki/tls/cacert.pem",            // OpenELEC
      "/etc/ssl/cert.pem",                  // Alpine, FreeBSD
      nullptr};
  return paths;
}

// Common CA certificate directory paths on Linux/Unix
inline const char **system_ca_dirs() {
  static const char *dirs[] = {"/etc/ssl/certs",             // Debian/Ubuntu
                               "/etc/pki/tls/certs",         // RHEL/CentOS
                               "/usr/share/ca-certificates", // Other
                               nullptr};
  return dirs;
}
#endif

} // namespace impl

inline bool set_client_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_file,
                               const char *ca_dir) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }

  bool success = true;
  if (ca_file && *ca_file) {
    if (!load_ca_file(ctx, ca_file)) { success = false; }
  }
  if (ca_dir && *ca_dir) {
    if (!load_ca_dir(ctx, ca_dir)) { success = false; }
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  // Set CA list for client certificate request (CertificateRequest message)
  if (ca_file && *ca_file) {
    auto list = SSL_load_client_CA_file(ca_file);
    if (list) { SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), list); }
  }
#endif

  return success;
}

inline bool set_server_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
                                const char *password) {
  return set_client_cert_pem(ctx, cert, key, password);
}

inline bool set_server_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
                                 const char *key_path, const char *password) {
  return set_client_cert_file(ctx, cert_path, key_path, password);
}

// PeerCert implementation
inline PeerCert::PeerCert() = default;

inline PeerCert::PeerCert(cert_t cert) : cert_(cert) {}

inline PeerCert::PeerCert(PeerCert &&other) noexcept : cert_(other.cert_) {
  other.cert_ = nullptr;
}

inline PeerCert &PeerCert::operator=(PeerCert &&other) noexcept {
  if (this != &other) {
    if (cert_) { free_cert(cert_); }
    cert_ = other.cert_;
    other.cert_ = nullptr;
  }
  return *this;
}

inline PeerCert::~PeerCert() {
  if (cert_) { free_cert(cert_); }
}

inline PeerCert::operator bool() const { return cert_ != nullptr; }

inline std::string PeerCert::subject_cn() const {
  return cert_ ? get_cert_subject_cn(cert_) : std::string();
}

inline std::string PeerCert::issuer_name() const {
  return cert_ ? get_cert_issuer_name(cert_) : std::string();
}

inline bool PeerCert::check_hostname(const char *hostname) const {
  return cert_ ? verify_hostname(cert_, hostname) : false;
}

inline std::vector<SanEntry> PeerCert::sans() const {
  std::vector<SanEntry> result;
  if (cert_) { get_cert_sans(cert_, result); }
  return result;
}

inline bool PeerCert::validity(time_t &not_before, time_t &not_after) const {
  return cert_ ? get_cert_validity(cert_, not_before, not_after) : false;
}

inline std::string PeerCert::serial() const {
  return cert_ ? get_cert_serial(cert_) : std::string();
}

// VerifyContext method implementations
inline std::string VerifyContext::subject_cn() const {
  return cert ? get_cert_subject_cn(cert) : std::string();
}

inline std::string VerifyContext::issuer_name() const {
  return cert ? get_cert_issuer_name(cert) : std::string();
}

inline bool VerifyContext::check_hostname(const char *hostname) const {
  return cert ? verify_hostname(cert, hostname) : false;
}

inline std::vector<SanEntry> VerifyContext::sans() const {
  std::vector<SanEntry> result;
  if (cert) { get_cert_sans(cert, result); }
  return result;
}

inline bool VerifyContext::validity(time_t &not_before,
                                    time_t &not_after) const {
  return cert ? get_cert_validity(cert, not_before, not_after) : false;
}

inline std::string VerifyContext::serial() const {
  return cert ? get_cert_serial(cert) : std::string();
}

// TlsError static method implementation
inline std::string TlsError::verify_error_to_string(long error_code) {
  return verify_error_string(error_code);
}

} // namespace tls

// Request::peer_cert() implementation
inline tls::PeerCert Request::peer_cert() const {
  return tls::get_peer_cert_from_session(ssl);
}

// Request::sni() implementation
inline std::string Request::sni() const {
  if (!ssl) { return std::string(); }
  const char *s = tls::get_sni(ssl);
  return s ? std::string(s) : std::string();
}

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

/*
 * Group 8: TLS abstraction layer - OpenSSL backend
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
inline SSL_CTX *Client::ssl_context() const {
  if (is_ssl_) { return static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).ssl_context(); }
  return nullptr;
}

inline void Client::set_server_certificate_verifier(
    std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(SSL *ssl)> verifier) {
  cli_->set_server_certificate_verifier(verifier);
}

inline long Client::get_verify_result() const {
  if (is_ssl_) { return static_cast<SSLClient &>(*cli_).get_verify_result(); }
  return -1; // NOTE: -1 doesn't match any of X509_V_ERR_???
}
#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT

/*
 * OpenSSL Backend Implementation
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
namespace tls {

namespace impl {

// OpenSSL-specific helpers for converting native types to PEM
inline std::string x509_to_pem(X509 *cert) {
  if (!cert) return {};
  BIO *bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
  if (!bio) return {};
  if (PEM_write_bio_X509(bio, cert) != 1) {
    BIO_free(bio);
    return {};
  }
  char *data = nullptr;
  long len = BIO_get_mem_data(bio, &data);
  std::string pem(data, static_cast<size_t>(len));
  BIO_free(bio);
  return pem;
}

inline std::string evp_pkey_to_pem(EVP_PKEY *key) {
  if (!key) return {};
  BIO *bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
  if (!bio) return {};
  if (PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey(bio, key, nullptr, nullptr, 0, nullptr,
                               nullptr) != 1) {
    BIO_free(bio);
    return {};
  }
  char *data = nullptr;
  long len = BIO_get_mem_data(bio, &data);
  std::string pem(data, static_cast<size_t>(len));
  BIO_free(bio);
  return pem;
}

inline std::string x509_store_to_pem(X509_STORE *store) {
  if (!store) return {};
  std::string pem;
  auto objs = X509_STORE_get0_objects(store);
  if (!objs) return {};
  auto count = sk_X509_OBJECT_num(objs);
  for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    auto obj = sk_X509_OBJECT_value(objs, i);
    if (X509_OBJECT_get_type(obj) == X509_LU_X509) {
      auto cert = X509_OBJECT_get0_X509(obj);
      if (cert) { pem += x509_to_pem(cert); }
    }
  }
  return pem;
}

// Helper to map OpenSSL SSL_get_error to ErrorCode
inline ErrorCode map_ssl_error(int ssl_error, int &out_errno) {
  switch (ssl_error) {
  case SSL_ERROR_NONE: return ErrorCode::Success;
  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ: return ErrorCode::WantRead;
  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE: return ErrorCode::WantWrite;
  case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN: return ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
  case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL: out_errno = errno; return ErrorCode::SyscallError;
  case SSL_ERROR_SSL:
  default: return ErrorCode::Fatal;
  }
}

// Helper: Create client CA list from PEM string
// Returns a new STACK_OF(X509_NAME)* or nullptr on failure
// Caller takes ownership of returned list
inline STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *
    create_client_ca_list_from_pem(const char *ca_pem) {
  if (!ca_pem) { return nullptr; }

  auto ca_list = sk_X509_NAME_new_null();
  if (!ca_list) { return nullptr; }

  BIO *bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(ca_pem, -1);
  if (!bio) {
    sk_X509_NAME_pop_free(ca_list, X509_NAME_free);
    return nullptr;
  }

  X509 *cert = nullptr;
  while ((cert = PEM_read_bio_X509(bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr)) !=
         nullptr) {
    X509_NAME *name = X509_get_subject_name(cert);
    if (name) { sk_X509_NAME_push(ca_list, X509_NAME_dup(name)); }
    X509_free(cert);
  }
  BIO_free(bio);

  return ca_list;
}

// Helper: Extract CA names from X509_STORE
// Returns a new STACK_OF(X509_NAME)* or nullptr on failure
// Caller takes ownership of returned list
inline STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *
    extract_client_ca_list_from_store(X509_STORE *store) {
  if (!store) { return nullptr; }

  auto ca_list = sk_X509_NAME_new_null();
  if (!ca_list) { return nullptr; }

  auto objs = X509_STORE_get0_objects(store);
  if (!objs) {
    sk_X509_NAME_free(ca_list);
    return nullptr;
  }

  auto count = sk_X509_OBJECT_num(objs);
  for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    auto obj = sk_X509_OBJECT_value(objs, i);
    if (X509_OBJECT_get_type(obj) == X509_LU_X509) {
      auto cert = X509_OBJECT_get0_X509(obj);
      if (cert) {
        auto subject = X509_get_subject_name(cert);
        if (subject) {
          auto name_dup = X509_NAME_dup(subject);
          if (name_dup) { sk_X509_NAME_push(ca_list, name_dup); }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (sk_X509_NAME_num(ca_list) == 0) {
    sk_X509_NAME_free(ca_list);
    return nullptr;
  }

  return ca_list;
}

// OpenSSL verify callback wrapper
inline int openssl_verify_callback(int preverify_ok, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx) {
  auto &callback = get_verify_callback();
  if (!callback) { return preverify_ok; }

  // Get SSL object from X509_STORE_CTX
  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(
      X509_STORE_CTX_get_ex_data(ctx, SSL_get_ex_data_X509_STORE_CTX_idx()));
  if (!ssl) { return preverify_ok; }

  // Get current certificate and depth
  auto cert = X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(ctx);
  int depth = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error_depth(ctx);
  int error = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(ctx);

  // Build context
  VerifyContext verify_ctx;
  verify_ctx.session = static_cast<session_t>(ssl);
  verify_ctx.cert = static_cast<cert_t>(cert);
  verify_ctx.depth = depth;
  verify_ctx.preverify_ok = (preverify_ok != 0);
  verify_ctx.error_code = error;
  verify_ctx.error_string =
      (error != X509_V_OK) ? X509_verify_cert_error_string(error) : nullptr;

  return callback(verify_ctx) ? 1 : 0;
}

} // namespace impl

inline ctx_t create_client_context() {
  SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_client_method());
  if (ctx) {
    // Disable auto-retry to properly handle non-blocking I/O
    SSL_CTX_clear_mode(ctx, SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
    // Set minimum TLS version
    SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, TLS1_2_VERSION);
  }
  return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
}

inline void free_context(ctx_t ctx) {
  if (ctx) { SSL_CTX_free(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx)); }
}

inline bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version) {
  if (!ctx) return false;
  return SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx),
                                       static_cast<int>(version)) == 1;
}

inline bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len) {
  if (!ctx || !pem || len == 0) return false;

  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
  auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
  if (!store) return false;

  auto bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(pem, static_cast<int>(len));
  if (!bio) return false;

  bool ok = true;
  X509 *cert = nullptr;
  while ((cert = PEM_read_bio_X509(bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr)) !=
         nullptr) {
    if (X509_STORE_add_cert(store, cert) != 1) {
      // Ignore duplicate errors
      auto err = ERR_peek_last_error();
      if (ERR_GET_REASON(err) != X509_R_CERT_ALREADY_IN_HASH_TABLE) {
        ok = false;
      }
    }
    X509_free(cert);
    if (!ok) break;
  }
  BIO_free(bio);

  // Clear any "no more certificates" errors
  ERR_clear_error();
  return ok;
}

inline bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path) {
  if (!ctx || !file_path) return false;
  return SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), file_path,
                                       nullptr) == 1;
}

inline bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path) {
  if (!ctx || !dir_path) return false;
  return SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), nullptr,
                                       dir_path) == 1;
}

inline bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx) {
  if (!ctx) return false;
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

#ifdef _WIN32
  // Windows: Load from system certificate store (ROOT and CA)
  auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
  if (!store) return false;

  bool loaded_any = false;
  static const wchar_t *store_names[] = {L"ROOT", L"CA"};
  for (auto store_name : store_names) {
    auto hStore = CertOpenSystemStoreW(NULL, store_name);
    if (!hStore) continue;

    PCCERT_CONTEXT pContext = nullptr;
    while ((pContext = CertEnumCertificatesInStore(hStore, pContext)) !=
           nullptr) {
      const unsigned char *data = pContext->pbCertEncoded;
      auto x509 = d2i_X509(nullptr, &data, pContext->cbCertEncoded);
      if (x509) {
        if (X509_STORE_add_cert(store, x509) == 1) { loaded_any = true; }
        X509_free(x509);
      }
    }
    CertCloseStore(hStore, 0);
  }
  return loaded_any;

#elif defined(__APPLE__)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN
  // macOS: Load from Keychain
  auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
  if (!store) return false;

  CFArrayRef certs = nullptr;
  if (SecTrustCopyAnchorCertificates(&certs) != errSecSuccess || !certs) {
    return SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ssl_ctx) == 1;
  }

  bool loaded_any = false;
  auto count = CFArrayGetCount(certs);
  for (CFIndex i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    auto cert = reinterpret_cast<SecCertificateRef>(
        const_cast<void *>(CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(certs, i)));
    CFDataRef der = SecCertificateCopyData(cert);
    if (der) {
      const unsigned char *data = CFDataGetBytePtr(der);
      auto x509 = d2i_X509(nullptr, &data, CFDataGetLength(der));
      if (x509) {
        if (X509_STORE_add_cert(store, x509) == 1) { loaded_any = true; }
        X509_free(x509);
      }
      CFRelease(der);
    }
  }
  CFRelease(certs);
  return loaded_any || SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ssl_ctx) == 1;
#else
  return SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ssl_ctx) == 1;
#endif

#else
  // Other Unix: use default verify paths
  return SSL_CTX_set_default_verify_paths(ssl_ctx) == 1;
#endif
}

inline bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
                                const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert || !key) return false;

  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

  // Load certificate
  auto cert_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(cert, -1);
  if (!cert_bio) return false;

  auto x509 = PEM_read_bio_X509(cert_bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  BIO_free(cert_bio);
  if (!x509) return false;

  auto cert_ok = SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ssl_ctx, x509) == 1;
  X509_free(x509);
  if (!cert_ok) return false;

  // Load private key
  auto key_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(key, -1);
  if (!key_bio) return false;

  auto pkey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key_bio, nullptr, nullptr,
                                      password ? const_cast<char *>(password)
                                               : nullptr);
  BIO_free(key_bio);
  if (!pkey) return false;

  auto key_ok = SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ssl_ctx, pkey) == 1;
  EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);

  return key_ok && SSL_CTX_check_private_key(ssl_ctx) == 1;
}

inline bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
                                 const char *key_path, const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert_path || !key_path) return false;

  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

  if (password && password[0] != '\0') {
    SSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb_userdata(
        ssl_ctx, reinterpret_cast<void *>(const_cast<char *>(password)));
  }

  return SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(ssl_ctx, cert_path) == 1 &&
         SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ssl_ctx, key_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM) == 1;
}

inline ctx_t create_server_context() {
  SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_server_method());
  if (ctx) {
    SSL_CTX_set_options(ctx, SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION |
                                 SSL_OP_NO_SESSION_RESUMPTION_ON_RENEGOTIATION);
    SSL_CTX_set_min_proto_version(ctx, TLS1_2_VERSION);
  }
  return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
}

inline void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require) {
  if (!ctx) return;
  SSL_CTX_set_verify(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx),
                     require
                         ? (SSL_VERIFY_PEER | SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT)
                         : SSL_VERIFY_NONE,
                     nullptr);
}

inline session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock) {
  if (!ctx || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) return nullptr;

  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
  SSL *ssl = SSL_new(ssl_ctx);
  if (!ssl) return nullptr;

  // Disable auto-retry for proper non-blocking I/O handling
  SSL_clear_mode(ssl, SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);

  auto bio = BIO_new_socket(static_cast<int>(sock), BIO_NOCLOSE);
  if (!bio) {
    SSL_free(ssl);
    return nullptr;
  }

  SSL_set_bio(ssl, bio, bio);
  return static_cast<session_t>(ssl);
}

inline void free_session(session_t session) {
  if (session) { SSL_free(static_cast<SSL *>(session)); }
}

inline bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname) {
  if (!session || !hostname) return false;

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);

  // Set SNI (Server Name Indication) only - does not enable verification
#if defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL)
  return SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(ssl, hostname) == 1;
#else
  // Direct call instead of macro to suppress -Wold-style-cast warning
  return SSL_ctrl(ssl, SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME, TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name,
                  static_cast<void *>(const_cast<char *>(hostname))) == 1;
#endif
}

inline bool set_hostname(session_t session, const char *hostname) {
  if (!session || !hostname) return false;

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);

  // Set SNI (Server Name Indication)
  if (!set_sni(session, hostname)) { return false; }

  // Enable hostname verification
  auto param = SSL_get0_param(ssl);
  if (!param) return false;

  X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_hostflags(param, X509_CHECK_FLAG_NO_PARTIAL_WILDCARDS);
  if (X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host(param, hostname, 0) != 1) { return false; }

  SSL_set_verify(ssl, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, nullptr);
  return true;
}

inline TlsError connect(session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return TlsError(); }

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  auto ret = SSL_connect(ssl);

  TlsError err;
  if (ret == 1) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
  } else {
    auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
    err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
    err.backend_code = ERR_get_error();
  }
  return err;
}

inline TlsError accept(session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return TlsError(); }

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  auto ret = SSL_accept(ssl);

  TlsError err;
  if (ret == 1) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
  } else {
    auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
    err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
    err.backend_code = ERR_get_error();
  }
  return err;
}

inline bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
                                time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
                                TlsError *err) {
  if (!session) {
    if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
    return false;
  }

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  auto bio = SSL_get_rbio(ssl);

  // Set non-blocking mode for handshake
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 1); }

  auto cleanup = detail::scope_exit([&]() {
    // Restore blocking mode after handshake
    if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 0); }
    detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false);
  });

  auto res = 0;
  while ((res = SSL_connect(ssl)) != 1) {
    auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, res);
    switch (ssl_err) {
    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
      if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
      break;
    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
      if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
      break;
    default: break;
    }
    if (err) {
      err->code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err->sys_errno);
      err->backend_code = ERR_get_error();
    }
    return false;
  }
  if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
  return true;
}

inline bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
                               time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
                               TlsError *err) {
  if (!session) {
    if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
    return false;
  }

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  auto bio = SSL_get_rbio(ssl);

  // Set non-blocking mode for handshake
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 1); }

  auto cleanup = detail::scope_exit([&]() {
    // Restore blocking mode after handshake
    if (bio) { BIO_set_nbio(bio, 0); }
    detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false);
  });

  auto res = 0;
  while ((res = SSL_accept(ssl)) != 1) {
    auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, res);
    switch (ssl_err) {
    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
      if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
      break;
    case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
      if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
      break;
    default: break;
    }
    if (err) {
      err->code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err->sys_errno);
      err->backend_code = ERR_get_error();
    }
    return false;
  }
  if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
  return true;
}

inline ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err) {
  if (!session || !buf) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return -1;
  }

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  constexpr auto max_len =
      static_cast<size_t>((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)());
  if (len > max_len) { len = max_len; }
  auto ret = SSL_read(ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));

  if (ret > 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
    return ret;
  }

  auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
  err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
  if (err.code == ErrorCode::Fatal) { err.backend_code = ERR_get_error(); }
  return -1;
}

inline ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len,
                     TlsError &err) {
  if (!session || !buf) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return -1;
  }

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  auto ret = SSL_write(ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));

  if (ret > 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
    return ret;
  }

  auto ssl_err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
  err.code = impl::map_ssl_error(ssl_err, err.sys_errno);
  if (err.code == ErrorCode::Fatal) { err.backend_code = ERR_get_error(); }
  return -1;
}

inline int pending(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) return 0;
  return SSL_pending(static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session)));
}

inline void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful) {
  if (!session) return;

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  if (graceful) {
    // First call sends close_notify
    if (SSL_shutdown(ssl) == 0) {
      // Second call waits for peer's close_notify
      SSL_shutdown(ssl);
    }
  }
}

inline bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock) {
  if (!session) return true;

  // Temporarily set socket to non-blocking to avoid blocking on SSL_peek
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });

  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(session);
  char buf;
  auto ret = SSL_peek(ssl, &buf, 1);
  if (ret > 0) return false;

  auto err = SSL_get_error(ssl, ret);
  return err == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN;
}

inline cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) return nullptr;
  return static_cast<cert_t>(SSL_get1_peer_certificate(
      static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session))));
}

inline void free_cert(cert_t cert) {
  if (cert) { X509_free(static_cast<X509 *>(cert)); }
}

inline bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname) {
  if (!cert || !hostname) return false;

  auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);

  // Use X509_check_ip_asc for IP addresses, X509_check_host for DNS names
  if (detail::is_ip_address(hostname)) {
    return X509_check_ip_asc(x509, hostname, 0) == 1;
  }
  return X509_check_host(x509, hostname, strlen(hostname), 0, nullptr) == 1;
}

inline uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code() {
  return static_cast<uint64_t>(X509_V_ERR_HOSTNAME_MISMATCH);
}

inline long get_verify_result(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) return X509_V_ERR_UNSPECIFIED;
  return SSL_get_verify_result(static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session)));
}

inline std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
  auto subject_name = X509_get_subject_name(x509);
  if (!subject_name) return "";

  char buf[256];
  auto len =
      X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject_name, NID_commonName, buf, sizeof(buf));
  if (len < 0) return "";
  return std::string(buf, static_cast<size_t>(len));
}

inline std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
  auto issuer_name = X509_get_issuer_name(x509);
  if (!issuer_name) return "";

  char buf[256];
  X509_NAME_oneline(issuer_name, buf, sizeof(buf));
  return std::string(buf);
}

inline bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans) {
  sans.clear();
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);

  auto names = static_cast<GENERAL_NAMES *>(
      X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));
  if (!names) return true; // No SANs is valid

  auto count = sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(names);
  for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    auto gen = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(names, i);
    if (!gen) continue;

    SanEntry entry;
    switch (gen->type) {
    case GEN_DNS:
      entry.type = SanType::DNS;
      if (gen->d.dNSName) {
        entry.value = std::string(
            reinterpret_cast<const char *>(
                ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.dNSName)),
            static_cast<size_t>(ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.dNSName)));
      }
      break;
    case GEN_IPADD:
      entry.type = SanType::IP;
      if (gen->d.iPAddress) {
        auto data = ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.iPAddress);
        auto len = ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.iPAddress);
        if (len == 4) {
          // IPv4
          char buf[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
          inet_ntop(AF_INET, data, buf, sizeof(buf));
          entry.value = buf;
        } else if (len == 16) {
          // IPv6
          char buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
          inet_ntop(AF_INET6, data, buf, sizeof(buf));
          entry.value = buf;
        }
      }
      break;
    case GEN_EMAIL:
      entry.type = SanType::EMAIL;
      if (gen->d.rfc822Name) {
        entry.value = std::string(
            reinterpret_cast<const char *>(
                ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.rfc822Name)),
            static_cast<size_t>(ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.rfc822Name)));
      }
      break;
    case GEN_URI:
      entry.type = SanType::URI;
      if (gen->d.uniformResourceIdentifier) {
        entry.value = std::string(
            reinterpret_cast<const char *>(
                ASN1_STRING_get0_data(gen->d.uniformResourceIdentifier)),
            static_cast<size_t>(
                ASN1_STRING_length(gen->d.uniformResourceIdentifier)));
      }
      break;
    default: entry.type = SanType::OTHER; break;
    }

    if (!entry.value.empty()) { sans.push_back(std::move(entry)); }
  }

  GENERAL_NAMES_free(names);
  return true;
}

inline bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before,
                              time_t &not_after) {
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);

  auto nb = X509_get0_notBefore(x509);
  auto na = X509_get0_notAfter(x509);
  if (!nb || !na) return false;

  ASN1_TIME *epoch = ASN1_TIME_new();
  if (!epoch) return false;
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] { ASN1_TIME_free(epoch); });

  if (!ASN1_TIME_set(epoch, 0)) return false;

  int pday, psec;

  if (!ASN1_TIME_diff(&pday, &psec, epoch, nb)) return false;
  not_before = 86400 * (time_t)pday + psec;

  if (!ASN1_TIME_diff(&pday, &psec, epoch, na)) return false;
  not_after = 86400 * (time_t)pday + psec;

  return true;
}

inline std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);

  auto serial = X509_get_serialNumber(x509);
  if (!serial) return "";

  auto bn = ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(serial, nullptr);
  if (!bn) return "";

  auto hex = BN_bn2hex(bn);
  BN_free(bn);
  if (!hex) return "";

  std::string result(hex);
  OPENSSL_free(hex);
  return result;
}

inline bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der) {
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<X509 *>(cert);
  auto len = i2d_X509(x509, nullptr);
  if (len < 0) return false;
  der.resize(static_cast<size_t>(len));
  auto p = der.data();
  i2d_X509(x509, &p);
  return true;
}

inline const char *get_sni(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) return nullptr;
  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  return SSL_get_servername(ssl, TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name);
}

inline uint64_t peek_error() { return ERR_peek_last_error(); }

inline uint64_t get_error() { return ERR_get_error(); }

inline std::string error_string(uint64_t code) {
  char buf[256];
  ERR_error_string_n(static_cast<unsigned long>(code), buf, sizeof(buf));
  return std::string(buf);
}

inline ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len) {
  auto mem = BIO_new_mem_buf(pem, static_cast<int>(len));
  if (!mem) { return nullptr; }
  auto mem_guard = detail::scope_exit([&] { BIO_free_all(mem); });

  auto inf = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(mem, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  if (!inf) { return nullptr; }

  auto store = X509_STORE_new();
  if (store) {
    for (auto i = 0; i < static_cast<int>(sk_X509_INFO_num(inf)); i++) {
      auto itmp = sk_X509_INFO_value(inf, i);
      if (!itmp) { continue; }
      if (itmp->x509) { X509_STORE_add_cert(store, itmp->x509); }
      if (itmp->crl) { X509_STORE_add_crl(store, itmp->crl); }
    }
  }

  sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(inf, X509_INFO_free);
  return static_cast<ca_store_t>(store);
}

inline void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store) {
  if (store) { X509_STORE_free(static_cast<X509_STORE *>(store)); }
}

inline bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store) {
  if (!ctx || !store) { return false; }
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);
  auto x509_store = static_cast<X509_STORE *>(store);

  // Check if same store is already set
  if (SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx) == x509_store) { return true; }

  // SSL_CTX_set_cert_store takes ownership and frees the old store
  SSL_CTX_set_cert_store(ssl_ctx, x509_store);
  return true;
}

inline size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs) {
  certs.clear();
  if (!ctx) { return 0; }
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

  auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
  if (!store) { return 0; }

  auto objs = X509_STORE_get0_objects(store);
  if (!objs) { return 0; }

  auto count = sk_X509_OBJECT_num(objs);
  for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    auto obj = sk_X509_OBJECT_value(objs, i);
    if (!obj) { continue; }
    if (X509_OBJECT_get_type(obj) == X509_LU_X509) {
      auto x509 = X509_OBJECT_get0_X509(obj);
      if (x509) {
        // Increment reference count so caller can free it
        X509_up_ref(x509);
        certs.push_back(static_cast<cert_t>(x509));
      }
    }
  }
  return certs.size();
}

inline std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx) {
  std::vector<std::string> names;
  if (!ctx) { return names; }
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

  auto store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(ssl_ctx);
  if (!store) { return names; }

  auto objs = X509_STORE_get0_objects(store);
  if (!objs) { return names; }

  auto count = sk_X509_OBJECT_num(objs);
  for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    auto obj = sk_X509_OBJECT_value(objs, i);
    if (!obj) { continue; }
    if (X509_OBJECT_get_type(obj) == X509_LU_X509) {
      auto x509 = X509_OBJECT_get0_X509(obj);
      if (x509) {
        auto subject = X509_get_subject_name(x509);
        if (subject) {
          char buf[512];
          X509_NAME_oneline(subject, buf, sizeof(buf));
          names.push_back(buf);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return names;
}

inline bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem,
                               const char *key_pem, const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert_pem || !key_pem) { return false; }
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

  // Load certificate from PEM
  auto cert_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(cert_pem, -1);
  if (!cert_bio) { return false; }
  auto cert = PEM_read_bio_X509(cert_bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  BIO_free(cert_bio);
  if (!cert) { return false; }

  // Load private key from PEM
  auto key_bio = BIO_new_mem_buf(key_pem, -1);
  if (!key_bio) {
    X509_free(cert);
    return false;
  }
  auto key = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key_bio, nullptr, nullptr,
                                     password ? const_cast<char *>(password)
                                              : nullptr);
  BIO_free(key_bio);
  if (!key) {
    X509_free(cert);
    return false;
  }

  // Update certificate and key
  auto ret = SSL_CTX_use_certificate(ssl_ctx, cert) == 1 &&
             SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey(ssl_ctx, key) == 1;

  X509_free(cert);
  EVP_PKEY_free(key);
  return ret;
}

inline bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem) {
  if (!ctx || !ca_pem) { return false; }
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

  // Create new X509_STORE from PEM
  auto store = create_ca_store(ca_pem, strlen(ca_pem));
  if (!store) { return false; }

  // SSL_CTX_set_cert_store takes ownership
  SSL_CTX_set_cert_store(ssl_ctx, static_cast<X509_STORE *>(store));

  // Set client CA list for client certificate request
  auto ca_list = impl::create_client_ca_list_from_pem(ca_pem);
  if (ca_list) {
    // SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list takes ownership of ca_list
    SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(ssl_ctx, ca_list);
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx);

  impl::get_verify_callback() = std::move(callback);

  if (impl::get_verify_callback()) {
    SSL_CTX_set_verify(ssl_ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, impl::openssl_verify_callback);
  } else {
    SSL_CTX_set_verify(ssl_ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, nullptr);
  }
  return true;
}

inline long get_verify_error(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return -1; }
  auto ssl = static_cast<SSL *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  return SSL_get_verify_result(ssl);
}

inline std::string verify_error_string(long error_code) {
  if (error_code == X509_V_OK) { return ""; }
  const char *str = X509_verify_cert_error_string(static_cast<int>(error_code));
  return str ? str : "unknown error";
}

namespace impl {

// OpenSSL-specific helpers for public API wrappers
inline ctx_t create_server_context_from_x509(X509 *cert, EVP_PKEY *key,
                                             X509_STORE *client_ca_store,
                                             int &out_error) {
  out_error = 0;
  auto cert_pem = x509_to_pem(cert);
  auto key_pem = evp_pkey_to_pem(key);
  if (cert_pem.empty() || key_pem.empty()) {
    out_error = static_cast<int>(ERR_get_error());
    return nullptr;
  }

  auto ctx = create_server_context();
  if (!ctx) {
    out_error = static_cast<int>(get_error());
    return nullptr;
  }

  if (!set_server_cert_pem(ctx, cert_pem.c_str(), key_pem.c_str(), nullptr)) {
    out_error = static_cast<int>(get_error());
    free_context(ctx);
    return nullptr;
  }

  if (client_ca_store) {
    // Set cert store for verification (SSL_CTX_set_cert_store takes ownership)
    SSL_CTX_set_cert_store(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), client_ca_store);

    // Extract and set client CA list directly from store (more efficient than
    // PEM conversion)
    auto ca_list = extract_client_ca_list_from_store(client_ca_store);
    if (ca_list) {
      SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx), ca_list);
    }

    set_verify_client(ctx, true);
  }

  return ctx;
}

inline void update_server_certs_from_x509(ctx_t ctx, X509 *cert, EVP_PKEY *key,
                                          X509_STORE *client_ca_store) {
  auto cert_pem = x509_to_pem(cert);
  auto key_pem = evp_pkey_to_pem(key);

  if (!cert_pem.empty() && !key_pem.empty()) {
    update_server_cert(ctx, cert_pem.c_str(), key_pem.c_str(), nullptr);
  }

  if (client_ca_store) {
    auto ca_pem = x509_store_to_pem(client_ca_store);
    if (!ca_pem.empty()) { update_server_client_ca(ctx, ca_pem.c_str()); }
    X509_STORE_free(client_ca_store);
  }
}

inline ctx_t create_client_context_from_x509(X509 *cert, EVP_PKEY *key,
                                             const char *password,
                                             uint64_t &out_error) {
  out_error = 0;
  auto ctx = create_client_context();
  if (!ctx) {
    out_error = get_error();
    return nullptr;
  }

  if (cert && key) {
    auto cert_pem = x509_to_pem(cert);
    auto key_pem = evp_pkey_to_pem(key);
    if (cert_pem.empty() || key_pem.empty()) {
      out_error = ERR_get_error();
      free_context(ctx);
      return nullptr;
    }
    if (!set_client_cert_pem(ctx, cert_pem.c_str(), key_pem.c_str(),
                             password)) {
      out_error = get_error();
      free_context(ctx);
      return nullptr;
    }
  }

  return ctx;
}

} // namespace impl

} // namespace tls

// ClientImpl::set_ca_cert_store - defined here to use
// tls::impl::x509_store_to_pem Deprecated: converts X509_STORE to PEM and
// stores for redirect transfer
inline void ClientImpl::set_ca_cert_store(X509_STORE *ca_cert_store) {
  if (ca_cert_store) {
    ca_cert_pem_ = tls::impl::x509_store_to_pem(ca_cert_store);
  }
}

inline SSLServer::SSLServer(X509 *cert, EVP_PKEY *private_key,
                            X509_STORE *client_ca_cert_store) {
  ctx_ = tls::impl::create_server_context_from_x509(
      cert, private_key, client_ca_cert_store, last_ssl_error_);
}

inline SSLServer::SSLServer(
    const std::function<bool(SSL_CTX &ssl_ctx)> &setup_ssl_ctx_callback) {
  // Use abstract API to create context
  ctx_ = tls::create_server_context();
  if (ctx_) {
    // Pass to OpenSSL-specific callback (ctx_ is SSL_CTX* internally)
    auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx_);
    if (!setup_ssl_ctx_callback(*ssl_ctx)) {
      tls::free_context(ctx_);
      ctx_ = nullptr;
    }
  }
}

inline SSL_CTX *SSLServer::ssl_context() const {
  return static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx_);
}

inline void SSLServer::update_certs(X509 *cert, EVP_PKEY *private_key,
                                    X509_STORE *client_ca_cert_store) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(ctx_mutex_);
  tls::impl::update_server_certs_from_x509(ctx_, cert, private_key,
                                           client_ca_cert_store);
}

inline SSLClient::SSLClient(const std::string &host, int port,
                            X509 *client_cert, EVP_PKEY *client_key,
                            const std::string &private_key_password)
    : ClientImpl(host, port) {
  const char *password =
      private_key_password.empty() ? nullptr : private_key_password.c_str();
  ctx_ = tls::impl::create_client_context_from_x509(
      client_cert, client_key, password, last_backend_error_);
}

inline long SSLClient::get_verify_result() const { return verify_result_; }

inline void SSLClient::set_server_certificate_verifier(
    std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(SSL *ssl)> verifier) {
  // Wrap SSL* callback into backend-independent session_verifier_
  auto v = std::make_shared<std::function<SSLVerifierResponse(SSL *)>>(
      std::move(verifier));
  session_verifier_ = [v](tls::session_t session) {
    return (*v)(static_cast<SSL *>(session));
  };
}

inline SSL_CTX *SSLClient::ssl_context() const {
  return static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(ctx_);
}

inline bool SSLClient::verify_host(X509 *server_cert) const {
  /* Quote from RFC2818 section 3.1 "Server Identity"

     If a subjectAltName extension of type dNSName is present, that MUST
     be used as the identity. Otherwise, the (most specific) Common Name
     field in the Subject field of the certificate MUST be used. Although
     the use of the Common Name is existing practice, it is deprecated and
     Certification Authorities are encouraged to use the dNSName instead.

     Matching is performed using the matching rules specified by
     [RFC2459].  If more than one identity of a given type is present in
     the certificate (e.g., more than one dNSName name, a match in any one
     of the set is considered acceptable.) Names may contain the wildcard
     character * which is considered to match any single domain name
     component or component fragment. E.g., *.a.com matches foo.a.com but
     not bar.foo.a.com. f*.com matches foo.com but not bar.com.

     In some cases, the URI is specified as an IP address rather than a
     hostname. In this case, the iPAddress subjectAltName must be present
     in the certificate and must exactly match the IP in the URI.

  */
  return verify_host_with_subject_alt_name(server_cert) ||
         verify_host_with_common_name(server_cert);
}

inline bool
SSLClient::verify_host_with_subject_alt_name(X509 *server_cert) const {
  auto ret = false;

  auto type = GEN_DNS;

  struct in6_addr addr6 = {};
  struct in_addr addr = {};
  size_t addr_len = 0;

#ifndef __MINGW32__
  if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, host_.c_str(), &addr6)) {
    type = GEN_IPADD;
    addr_len = sizeof(struct in6_addr);
  } else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, host_.c_str(), &addr)) {
    type = GEN_IPADD;
    addr_len = sizeof(struct in_addr);
  }
#endif

  auto alt_names = static_cast<const struct stack_st_GENERAL_NAME *>(
      X509_get_ext_d2i(server_cert, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));

  if (alt_names) {
    auto dsn_matched = false;
    auto ip_matched = false;

    auto count = sk_GENERAL_NAME_num(alt_names);

    for (decltype(count) i = 0; i < count && !dsn_matched; i++) {
      auto val = sk_GENERAL_NAME_value(alt_names, i);
      if (!val || val->type != type) { continue; }

      auto name =
          reinterpret_cast<const char *>(ASN1_STRING_get0_data(val->d.ia5));
      if (name == nullptr) { continue; }

      auto name_len = static_cast<size_t>(ASN1_STRING_length(val->d.ia5));

      switch (type) {
      case GEN_DNS:
        dsn_matched =
            detail::match_hostname(std::string(name, name_len), host_);
        break;

      case GEN_IPADD:
        if (!memcmp(&addr6, name, addr_len) || !memcmp(&addr, name, addr_len)) {
          ip_matched = true;
        }
        break;
      }
    }

    if (dsn_matched || ip_matched) { ret = true; }
  }

  GENERAL_NAMES_free(const_cast<STACK_OF(GENERAL_NAME) *>(
      reinterpret_cast<const STACK_OF(GENERAL_NAME) *>(alt_names)));
  return ret;
}

inline bool SSLClient::verify_host_with_common_name(X509 *server_cert) const {
  const auto subject_name = X509_get_subject_name(server_cert);

  if (subject_name != nullptr) {
    char name[BUFSIZ];
    auto name_len = X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject_name, NID_commonName,
                                              name, sizeof(name));

    if (name_len != -1) {
      return detail::match_hostname(
          std::string(name, static_cast<size_t>(name_len)), host_);
    }
  }

  return false;
}

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT

/*
 * Group 9: TLS abstraction layer - Mbed TLS backend
 */

/*
 * Mbed TLS Backend Implementation
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
namespace tls {

namespace impl {

// Mbed TLS session wrapper
struct MbedTlsSession {
  mbedtls_ssl_context ssl;
  socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
  std::string hostname;     // For client: set via set_sni
  std::string sni_hostname; // For server: received from client via SNI callback

  MbedTlsSession() { mbedtls_ssl_init(&ssl); }

  ~MbedTlsSession() { mbedtls_ssl_free(&ssl); }

  MbedTlsSession(const MbedTlsSession &) = delete;
  MbedTlsSession &operator=(const MbedTlsSession &) = delete;
};

// Thread-local error code accessor for Mbed TLS (since it doesn't have an error
// queue)
inline int &mbedtls_last_error() {
  static thread_local int err = 0;
  return err;
}

// Helper to map Mbed TLS error to ErrorCode
inline ErrorCode map_mbedtls_error(int ret, int &out_errno) {
  if (ret == 0) { return ErrorCode::Success; }
  if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ) { return ErrorCode::WantRead; }
  if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) { return ErrorCode::WantWrite; }
  if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY) {
    return ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
  }
  if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_CONN_RESET || ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_SEND_FAILED ||
      ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_RECV_FAILED) {
    out_errno = errno;
    return ErrorCode::SyscallError;
  }
  if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_CERT_VERIFY_FAILED) {
    return ErrorCode::CertVerifyFailed;
  }
  return ErrorCode::Fatal;
}

// BIO-like send callback for Mbed TLS
inline int mbedtls_net_send_cb(void *ctx, const unsigned char *buf,
                               size_t len) {
  auto sock = *static_cast<socket_t *>(ctx);
#ifdef _WIN32
  auto ret =
      send(sock, reinterpret_cast<const char *>(buf), static_cast<int>(len), 0);
  if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
    int err = WSAGetLastError();
    if (err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) { return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE; }
    return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_SEND_FAILED;
  }
#else
  auto ret = send(sock, buf, len, 0);
  if (ret < 0) {
    if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
      return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE;
    }
    return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_SEND_FAILED;
  }
#endif
  return static_cast<int>(ret);
}

// BIO-like recv callback for Mbed TLS
inline int mbedtls_net_recv_cb(void *ctx, unsigned char *buf, size_t len) {
  auto sock = *static_cast<socket_t *>(ctx);
#ifdef _WIN32
  auto ret =
      recv(sock, reinterpret_cast<char *>(buf), static_cast<int>(len), 0);
  if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
    int err = WSAGetLastError();
    if (err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) { return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ; }
    return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_RECV_FAILED;
  }
#else
  auto ret = recv(sock, buf, len, 0);
  if (ret < 0) {
    if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
      return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ;
    }
    return MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_RECV_FAILED;
  }
#endif
  if (ret == 0) { return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY; }
  return static_cast<int>(ret);
}

// MbedTlsContext constructor/destructor implementations
inline MbedTlsContext::MbedTlsContext() {
  mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&conf);
  mbedtls_entropy_init(&entropy);
  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init(&ctr_drbg);
  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&ca_chain);
  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&own_cert);
  mbedtls_pk_init(&own_key);
}

inline MbedTlsContext::~MbedTlsContext() {
  mbedtls_pk_free(&own_key);
  mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&own_cert);
  mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&ca_chain);
  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&ctr_drbg);
  mbedtls_entropy_free(&entropy);
  mbedtls_ssl_config_free(&conf);
}

// Thread-local storage for SNI captured during handshake
// This is needed because the SNI callback doesn't have a way to pass
// session-specific data before the session is fully set up
inline std::string &mbedpending_sni() {
  static thread_local std::string sni;
  return sni;
}

// SNI callback for Mbed TLS server to capture client's SNI hostname
inline int mbedtls_sni_callback(void *p_ctx, mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
                                const unsigned char *name, size_t name_len) {
  (void)p_ctx;
  (void)ssl;

  // Store SNI name in thread-local storage
  // It will be retrieved and stored in the session after handshake
  if (name && name_len > 0) {
    mbedpending_sni().assign(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(name), name_len);
  } else {
    mbedpending_sni().clear();
  }
  return 0; // Accept any SNI
}

inline int mbedtls_verify_callback(void *data, mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
                                   int cert_depth, uint32_t *flags);

// MbedTLS verify callback wrapper
inline int mbedtls_verify_callback(void *data, mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
                                   int cert_depth, uint32_t *flags) {
  auto &callback = get_verify_callback();
  if (!callback) { return 0; } // Continue with default verification

  // data points to the MbedTlsSession
  auto *session = static_cast<MbedTlsSession *>(data);

  // Build context
  VerifyContext verify_ctx;
  verify_ctx.session = static_cast<session_t>(session);
  verify_ctx.cert = static_cast<cert_t>(crt);
  verify_ctx.depth = cert_depth;
  verify_ctx.preverify_ok = (*flags == 0);
  verify_ctx.error_code = static_cast<long>(*flags);

  // Convert Mbed TLS flags to error string
  static thread_local char error_buf[256];
  if (*flags != 0) {
    mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(error_buf, sizeof(error_buf), "", *flags);
    verify_ctx.error_string = error_buf;
  } else {
    verify_ctx.error_string = nullptr;
  }

  bool accepted = callback(verify_ctx);

  if (accepted) {
    *flags = 0; // Clear all error flags
    return 0;
  }
  return MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_CERT_VERIFY_FAILED;
}

} // namespace impl

inline ctx_t create_client_context() {
  auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::MbedTlsContext();
  if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }

  ctx->is_server = false;

  // Seed the random number generator
  const char *pers = "httplib_client";
  int ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(
      &ctx->ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &ctx->entropy,
      reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pers), strlen(pers));
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Set up SSL config for client
  ret = mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT,
                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Set random number generator
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&ctx->conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctx->ctr_drbg);

  // Default: verify peer certificate
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED);

  // Set minimum TLS version to 1.2
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_tls_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_2);
#else
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3,
                               MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3);
#endif

  return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
}

inline ctx_t create_server_context() {
  auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::MbedTlsContext();
  if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }

  ctx->is_server = true;

  // Seed the random number generator
  const char *pers = "httplib_server";
  int ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(
      &ctx->ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &ctx->entropy,
      reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pers), strlen(pers));
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Set up SSL config for server
  ret = mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_SERVER,
                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Set random number generator
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&ctx->conf, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctx->ctr_drbg);

  // Default: don't verify client
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE);

  // Set minimum TLS version to 1.2
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_tls_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_2);
#else
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_version(&ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3,
                               MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3);
#endif

  // Set SNI callback to capture client's SNI hostname
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_sni(&ctx->conf, impl::mbedtls_sni_callback, nullptr);

  return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
}

inline void free_context(ctx_t ctx) {
  if (ctx) { delete static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx); }
}

inline bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  // Mbed TLS 3.x uses mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version enum
  mbedtls_ssl_protocol_version min_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_2;
  if (version >= Version::TLS1_3) {
#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_3)
    min_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_3;
#endif
  }
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_tls_version(&mctx->conf, min_ver);
#else
  // Mbed TLS 2.x uses major/minor version numbers
  int major = MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3;
  int minor = MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3; // TLS 1.2
  if (version >= Version::TLS1_3) {
#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_3)
    minor = MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_4; // TLS 1.3
#else
    minor = MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3; // Fall back to TLS 1.2
#endif
  }
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_version(&mctx->conf, major, minor);
#endif
  return true;
}

inline bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len) {
  if (!ctx || !pem) { return false; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  // mbedtls_x509_crt_parse expects null-terminated string for PEM
  // Add null terminator if not present
  std::string pem_str(pem, len);
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
      &mctx->ca_chain, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem_str.c_str()),
      pem_str.size() + 1);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
  return true;
}

inline bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path) {
  if (!ctx || !file_path) { return false; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&mctx->ca_chain, file_path);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
  return true;
}

inline bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path) {
  if (!ctx || !dir_path) { return false; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path(&mctx->ca_chain, dir_path);
  if (ret < 0) { // Returns number of certs on success, negative on error
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
  return true;
}

inline bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
  bool loaded = false;

#ifdef _WIN32
  loaded = impl::enumerate_windows_system_certs(
      [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
        return mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(&mctx->ca_chain, data, len) == 0;
      });
#elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN)
  loaded = impl::enumerate_macos_keychain_certs(
      [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
        return mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(&mctx->ca_chain, data, len) == 0;
      });
#else
  for (auto path = impl::system_ca_paths(); *path; ++path) {
    if (mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&mctx->ca_chain, *path) >= 0) {
      loaded = true;
      break;
    }
  }

  if (!loaded) {
    for (auto dir = impl::system_ca_dirs(); *dir; ++dir) {
      if (mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path(&mctx->ca_chain, *dir) >= 0) {
        loaded = true;
        break;
      }
    }
  }
#endif

  if (loaded) {
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mctx->conf, &mctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
  }
  return loaded;
}

inline bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
                                const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert || !key) { return false; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  // Parse certificate
  std::string cert_str(cert);
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
      &mctx->own_cert,
      reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_str.c_str()),
      cert_str.size() + 1);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  // Parse private key
  std::string key_str(key);
  const unsigned char *pwd =
      password ? reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(password) : nullptr;
  size_t pwd_len = password ? strlen(password) : 0;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
      &mctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_str.c_str()),
      key_str.size() + 1, pwd, pwd_len, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random,
      &mctx->ctr_drbg);
#else
  ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
      &mctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_str.c_str()),
      key_str.size() + 1, pwd, pwd_len);
#endif
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  // Verify that the certificate and private key match
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key,
                              mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mctx->ctr_drbg);
#else
  ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key);
#endif
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&mctx->conf, &mctx->own_cert, &mctx->own_key);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
                                 const char *key_path, const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert_path || !key_path) { return false; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  // Parse certificate file
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&mctx->own_cert, cert_path);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  // Parse private key file
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&mctx->own_key, key_path, password,
                                 mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mctx->ctr_drbg);
#else
  ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&mctx->own_key, key_path, password);
#endif
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  // Verify that the certificate and private key match
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key,
                              mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mctx->ctr_drbg);
#else
  ret = mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&mctx->own_cert.pk, &mctx->own_key);
#endif
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&mctx->conf, &mctx->own_cert, &mctx->own_key);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

inline void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require) {
  if (!ctx) { return; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
  mctx->verify_client = require;
  if (require) {
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&mctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED);
  } else {
    // If a verify callback is set, use OPTIONAL mode to ensure the callback
    // is called (matching OpenSSL behavior). Otherwise use NONE.
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&mctx->conf, mctx->has_verify_callback
                                               ? MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_OPTIONAL
                                               : MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_NONE);
  }
}

inline session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock) {
  if (!ctx || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return nullptr; }
  auto mctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  auto session = new (std::nothrow) impl::MbedTlsSession();
  if (!session) { return nullptr; }

  session->sock = sock;

  int ret = mbedtls_ssl_setup(&session->ssl, &mctx->conf);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    delete session;
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Set BIO callbacks
  mbedtls_ssl_set_bio(&session->ssl, &session->sock, impl::mbedtls_net_send_cb,
                      impl::mbedtls_net_recv_cb, nullptr);

  // Set per-session verify callback with session pointer if callback is
  // registered
  if (mctx->has_verify_callback) {
    mbedtls_ssl_set_verify(&session->ssl, impl::mbedtls_verify_callback,
                           session);
  }

  return static_cast<session_t>(session);
}

inline void free_session(session_t session) {
  if (session) { delete static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session); }
}

inline bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname) {
  if (!session || !hostname) { return false; }
  auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);

  int ret = mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname(&msession->ssl, hostname);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  msession->hostname = hostname;
  return true;
}

inline bool set_hostname(session_t session, const char *hostname) {
  // In Mbed TLS, set_hostname also sets up hostname verification
  return set_sni(session, hostname);
}

inline TlsError connect(session_t session) {
  TlsError err;
  if (!session) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return err;
  }

  auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
  int ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&msession->ssl);

  if (ret == 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
  } else {
    err.code = impl::map_mbedtls_error(ret, err.sys_errno);
    err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(-ret);
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
  }

  return err;
}

inline TlsError accept(session_t session) {
  // Same as connect for Mbed TLS - handshake works for both client and server
  auto result = connect(session);

  // After successful handshake, capture SNI from thread-local storage
  if (result.code == ErrorCode::Success && session) {
    auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
    msession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::mbedpending_sni());
    impl::mbedpending_sni().clear();
  }

  return result;
}

inline bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
                                time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
                                TlsError *err) {
  if (!session) {
    if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
    return false;
  }

  auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);

  // Set socket to non-blocking mode
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  auto cleanup =
      detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });

  int ret;
  while ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&msession->ssl)) != 0) {
    if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ) {
      if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
    } else if (ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) {
      if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
    }

    // TlsError or timeout
    if (err) {
      err->code = impl::map_mbedtls_error(ret, err->sys_errno);
      err->backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(-ret);
    }
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
  return true;
}

inline bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
                               time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
                               TlsError *err) {
  // Same implementation as connect for Mbed TLS
  bool result =
      connect_nonblocking(session, sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec, err);

  // After successful handshake, capture SNI from thread-local storage
  if (result && session) {
    auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
    msession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::mbedpending_sni());
    impl::mbedpending_sni().clear();
  }

  return result;
}

inline ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err) {
  if (!session || !buf) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return -1;
  }

  auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
  int ret =
      mbedtls_ssl_read(&msession->ssl, static_cast<unsigned char *>(buf), len);

  if (ret > 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
    return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
  }

  if (ret == 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
    return 0;
  }

  err.code = impl::map_mbedtls_error(ret, err.sys_errno);
  err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(-ret);
  impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
  return -1;
}

inline ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len,
                     TlsError &err) {
  if (!session || !buf) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return -1;
  }

  auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);
  int ret = mbedtls_ssl_write(&msession->ssl,
                              static_cast<const unsigned char *>(buf), len);

  if (ret > 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
    return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
  }

  if (ret == 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
    return 0;
  }

  err.code = impl::map_mbedtls_error(ret, err.sys_errno);
  err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(-ret);
  impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
  return -1;
}

inline int pending(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return 0; }
  auto msession =
      static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  return static_cast<int>(mbedtls_ssl_get_bytes_avail(&msession->ssl));
}

inline void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful) {
  if (!session) { return; }
  auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);

  if (graceful) {
    // Try to send close_notify, but don't block forever
    int ret;
    int attempts = 0;
    while ((ret = mbedtls_ssl_close_notify(&msession->ssl)) != 0 &&
           attempts < 3) {
      if (ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ &&
          ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) {
        break;
      }
      attempts++;
    }
  }
}

inline bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock) {
  if (!session || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return true; }
  auto msession = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);

  // Check if there's already decrypted data available in the TLS buffer
  // If so, the connection is definitely alive
  if (mbedtls_ssl_get_bytes_avail(&msession->ssl) > 0) { return false; }

  // Set socket to non-blocking to avoid blocking on read
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  auto cleanup =
      detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });

  // Try a 1-byte read to check connection status
  // Note: This will consume the byte if data is available, but for the
  // purpose of checking if peer is closed, this should be acceptable
  // since we're only called when we expect the connection might be closing
  unsigned char buf;
  int ret = mbedtls_ssl_read(&msession->ssl, &buf, 1);

  // If we got data or WANT_READ (would block), connection is alive
  if (ret > 0 || ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ) { return false; }

  // If we get a peer close notify or a connection reset, the peer is closed
  return ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_PEER_CLOSE_NOTIFY ||
         ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_CONN_RESET || ret == 0;
}

inline cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return nullptr; }
  auto msession =
      static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));

  // Mbed TLS returns a pointer to the internal peer cert chain.
  // WARNING: This pointer is only valid while the session is active.
  // Do not use the certificate after calling free_session().
  const mbedtls_x509_crt *cert = mbedtls_ssl_get_peer_cert(&msession->ssl);
  return const_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
}

inline void free_cert(cert_t cert) {
  // Mbed TLS: peer certificate is owned by the SSL context.
  // No-op here, but callers should still call this for cross-backend
  // portability.
  (void)cert;
}

inline bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname) {
  if (!cert || !hostname) { return false; }
  auto mcert = static_cast<const mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
  std::string host_str(hostname);

  // Check if hostname is an IP address
  bool is_ip = impl::is_ipv4_address(host_str);
  unsigned char ip_bytes[4];
  if (is_ip) { impl::parse_ipv4(host_str, ip_bytes); }

  // Check Subject Alternative Names (SAN)
  // In Mbed TLS 3.x, subject_alt_names contains raw values without ASN.1 tags
  // - DNS names: raw string bytes
  // - IP addresses: raw IP bytes (4 for IPv4, 16 for IPv6)
  const mbedtls_x509_sequence *san = &mcert->subject_alt_names;
  while (san != nullptr && san->buf.p != nullptr && san->buf.len > 0) {
    const unsigned char *p = san->buf.p;
    size_t len = san->buf.len;

    if (is_ip) {
      // Check if this SAN is an IPv4 address (4 bytes)
      if (len == 4 && memcmp(p, ip_bytes, 4) == 0) { return true; }
      // Check if this SAN is an IPv6 address (16 bytes) - skip for now
    } else {
      // Check if this SAN is a DNS name (printable ASCII string)
      bool is_dns = len > 0;
      for (size_t i = 0; i < len && is_dns; i++) {
        if (p[i] < 32 || p[i] > 126) { is_dns = false; }
      }
      if (is_dns) {
        std::string san_name(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), len);
        if (detail::match_hostname(san_name, host_str)) { return true; }
      }
    }
    san = san->next;
  }

  // Fallback: Check Common Name (CN) in subject
  char cn[256];
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(cn, sizeof(cn), &mcert->subject);
  if (ret > 0) {
    std::string cn_str(cn);

    // Look for "CN=" in the DN string
    size_t cn_pos = cn_str.find("CN=");
    if (cn_pos != std::string::npos) {
      size_t start = cn_pos + 3;
      size_t end = cn_str.find(',', start);
      std::string cn_value =
          cn_str.substr(start, end == std::string::npos ? end : end - start);

      if (detail::match_hostname(cn_value, host_str)) { return true; }
    }
  }

  return false;
}

inline uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code() {
  return static_cast<uint64_t>(MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_CN_MISMATCH);
}

inline long get_verify_result(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return -1; }
  auto msession =
      static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  uint32_t flags = mbedtls_ssl_get_verify_result(&msession->ssl);
  // Return 0 (X509_V_OK equivalent) if verification passed
  return flags == 0 ? 0 : static_cast<long>(flags);
}

inline std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);

  // Find the CN in the subject
  const mbedtls_x509_name *name = &x509->subject;
  while (name != nullptr) {
    if (MBEDTLS_OID_CMP(MBEDTLS_OID_AT_CN, &name->oid) == 0) {
      return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(name->val.p),
                         name->val.len);
    }
    name = name->next;
  }
  return "";
}

inline std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);

  // Build a human-readable issuer name string
  char buf[512];
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(buf, sizeof(buf), &x509->issuer);
  if (ret < 0) return "";
  return std::string(buf);
}

inline bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans) {
  sans.clear();
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);

  // Parse the Subject Alternative Name extension
  const mbedtls_x509_sequence *cur = &x509->subject_alt_names;
  while (cur != nullptr) {
    if (cur->buf.len > 0) {
      // Mbed TLS stores SAN as ASN.1 sequences
      // The tag byte indicates the type
      const unsigned char *p = cur->buf.p;
      size_t len = cur->buf.len;

      // First byte is the tag
      unsigned char tag = *p;
      p++;
      len--;

      // Parse length (simple single-byte length assumed)
      if (len > 0 && *p < 0x80) {
        size_t value_len = *p;
        p++;
        len--;

        if (value_len <= len) {
          SanEntry entry;
          // ASN.1 context tags for GeneralName
          switch (tag & 0x1F) {
          case 2: // dNSName
            entry.type = SanType::DNS;
            entry.value =
                std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), value_len);
            break;
          case 7: // iPAddress
            entry.type = SanType::IP;
            if (value_len == 4) {
              // IPv4
              char buf[16];
              snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d", p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3]);
              entry.value = buf;
            } else if (value_len == 16) {
              // IPv6
              char buf[64];
              snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                       "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:"
                       "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x",
                       p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3], p[4], p[5], p[6], p[7], p[8],
                       p[9], p[10], p[11], p[12], p[13], p[14], p[15]);
              entry.value = buf;
            }
            break;
          case 1: // rfc822Name (email)
            entry.type = SanType::EMAIL;
            entry.value =
                std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), value_len);
            break;
          case 6: // uniformResourceIdentifier
            entry.type = SanType::URI;
            entry.value =
                std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(p), value_len);
            break;
          default: entry.type = SanType::OTHER; break;
          }

          if (!entry.value.empty()) { sans.push_back(std::move(entry)); }
        }
      }
    }
    cur = cur->next;
  }
  return true;
}

inline bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before,
                              time_t &not_after) {
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);

  // Convert mbedtls_x509_time to time_t
  auto to_time_t = [](const mbedtls_x509_time &t) -> time_t {
    struct tm tm_time = {};
    tm_time.tm_year = t.year - 1900;
    tm_time.tm_mon = t.mon - 1;
    tm_time.tm_mday = t.day;
    tm_time.tm_hour = t.hour;
    tm_time.tm_min = t.min;
    tm_time.tm_sec = t.sec;
#ifdef _WIN32
    return _mkgmtime(&tm_time);
#else
    return timegm(&tm_time);
#endif
  };

  not_before = to_time_t(x509->valid_from);
  not_after = to_time_t(x509->valid_to);
  return true;
}

inline std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);

  // Convert serial number to hex string
  std::string result;
  result.reserve(x509->serial.len * 2);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < x509->serial.len; i++) {
    char hex[3];
    snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", x509->serial.p[i]);
    result += hex;
  }
  return result;
}

inline bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der) {
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto crt = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(cert);
  if (!crt->raw.p || crt->raw.len == 0) return false;
  der.assign(crt->raw.p, crt->raw.p + crt->raw.len);
  return true;
}

inline const char *get_sni(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) return nullptr;
  auto msession = static_cast<const impl::MbedTlsSession *>(session);

  // For server: return SNI received from client during handshake
  if (!msession->sni_hostname.empty()) {
    return msession->sni_hostname.c_str();
  }

  // For client: return the hostname set via set_sni
  if (!msession->hostname.empty()) { return msession->hostname.c_str(); }

  return nullptr;
}

inline uint64_t peek_error() {
  // Mbed TLS doesn't have an error queue, return the last error
  return static_cast<uint64_t>(-impl::mbedtls_last_error());
}

inline uint64_t get_error() {
  // Mbed TLS doesn't have an error queue, return and clear the last error
  uint64_t err = static_cast<uint64_t>(-impl::mbedtls_last_error());
  impl::mbedtls_last_error() = 0;
  return err;
}

inline std::string error_string(uint64_t code) {
  char buf[256];
  mbedtls_strerror(-static_cast<int>(code), buf, sizeof(buf));
  return std::string(buf);
}

inline ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len) {
  auto *ca_chain = new (std::nothrow) mbedtls_x509_crt;
  if (!ca_chain) { return nullptr; }

  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(ca_chain);

  // mbedtls_x509_crt_parse expects null-terminated PEM
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(ca_chain,
                                   reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem),
                                   len + 1); // +1 for null terminator
  if (ret != 0) {
    // Try without +1 in case PEM is already null-terminated
    ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
        ca_chain, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem), len);
    if (ret != 0) {
      mbedtls_x509_crt_free(ca_chain);
      delete ca_chain;
      return nullptr;
    }
  }

  return static_cast<ca_store_t>(ca_chain);
}

inline void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store) {
  if (store) {
    auto *ca_chain = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(store);
    mbedtls_x509_crt_free(ca_chain);
    delete ca_chain;
  }
}

inline bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store) {
  if (!ctx || !store) { return false; }
  auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
  auto *ca_chain = static_cast<mbedtls_x509_crt *>(store);

  // Free existing CA chain
  mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);
  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);

  // Copy the CA chain (deep copy)
  // Parse from the raw data of the source cert
  mbedtls_x509_crt *src = ca_chain;
  while (src != nullptr) {
    int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain, src->raw.p,
                                         src->raw.len);
    if (ret != 0) { return false; }
    src = src->next;
  }

  // Update the SSL config to use the new CA chain
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mbed_ctx->conf, &mbed_ctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
  return true;
}

inline size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs) {
  certs.clear();
  if (!ctx) { return 0; }
  auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  // Iterate through the CA chain
  mbedtls_x509_crt *cert = &mbed_ctx->ca_chain;
  while (cert != nullptr && cert->raw.len > 0) {
    // Create a copy of the certificate for the caller
    auto *copy = new mbedtls_x509_crt;
    mbedtls_x509_crt_init(copy);
    int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der(copy, cert->raw.p, cert->raw.len);
    if (ret == 0) {
      certs.push_back(static_cast<cert_t>(copy));
    } else {
      mbedtls_x509_crt_free(copy);
      delete copy;
    }
    cert = cert->next;
  }
  return certs.size();
}

inline std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx) {
  std::vector<std::string> names;
  if (!ctx) { return names; }
  auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  // Iterate through the CA chain
  mbedtls_x509_crt *cert = &mbed_ctx->ca_chain;
  while (cert != nullptr && cert->raw.len > 0) {
    char buf[512];
    int ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(buf, sizeof(buf), &cert->subject);
    if (ret > 0) { names.push_back(buf); }
    cert = cert->next;
  }
  return names;
}

inline bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem,
                               const char *key_pem, const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert_pem || !key_pem) { return false; }
  auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  // Free existing certificate and key
  mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&mbed_ctx->own_cert);
  mbedtls_pk_free(&mbed_ctx->own_key);
  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&mbed_ctx->own_cert);
  mbedtls_pk_init(&mbed_ctx->own_key);

  // Parse certificate PEM
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
      &mbed_ctx->own_cert, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem),
      strlen(cert_pem) + 1);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  // Parse private key PEM
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_V3
  ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
      &mbed_ctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_pem),
      strlen(key_pem) + 1,
      password ? reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(password) : nullptr,
      password ? strlen(password) : 0, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random,
      &mbed_ctx->ctr_drbg);
#else
  ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_key(
      &mbed_ctx->own_key, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_pem),
      strlen(key_pem) + 1,
      password ? reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(password) : nullptr,
      password ? strlen(password) : 0);
#endif
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  // Configure SSL to use the new certificate and key
  ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&mbed_ctx->conf, &mbed_ctx->own_cert,
                                  &mbed_ctx->own_key);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem) {
  if (!ctx || !ca_pem) { return false; }
  auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  // Free existing CA chain
  mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);
  mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&mbed_ctx->ca_chain);

  // Parse CA PEM
  int ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(
      &mbed_ctx->ca_chain, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(ca_pem),
      strlen(ca_pem) + 1);
  if (ret != 0) {
    impl::mbedtls_last_error() = ret;
    return false;
  }

  // Update SSL config to use new CA chain
  mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&mbed_ctx->conf, &mbed_ctx->ca_chain, nullptr);
  return true;
}

inline bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }
  auto *mbed_ctx = static_cast<impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);

  impl::get_verify_callback() = std::move(callback);
  mbed_ctx->has_verify_callback =
      static_cast<bool>(impl::get_verify_callback());

  if (mbed_ctx->has_verify_callback) {
    // Set OPTIONAL mode to ensure callback is called even when verification
    // is disabled (matching OpenSSL behavior where SSL_VERIFY_PEER is set)
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&mbed_ctx->conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_OPTIONAL);
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_verify(&mbed_ctx->conf, impl::mbedtls_verify_callback,
                            nullptr);
  } else {
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_verify(&mbed_ctx->conf, nullptr, nullptr);
  }
  return true;
}

inline long get_verify_error(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return -1; }
  auto *msession =
      static_cast<impl::MbedTlsSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  return static_cast<long>(mbedtls_ssl_get_verify_result(&msession->ssl));
}

inline std::string verify_error_string(long error_code) {
  if (error_code == 0) { return ""; }
  char buf[256];
  mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info(buf, sizeof(buf), "",
                               static_cast<uint32_t>(error_code));
  // Remove trailing newline if present
  std::string result(buf);
  while (!result.empty() && (result.back() == '\n' || result.back() == ' ')) {
    result.pop_back();
  }
  return result;
}

} // namespace tls

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT

/*
 * Group 10: TLS abstraction layer - wolfSSL backend
 */

/*
 * wolfSSL Backend Implementation
 */

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT
namespace tls {

namespace impl {

// wolfSSL session wrapper
struct WolfSSLSession {
  WOLFSSL *ssl = nullptr;
  socket_t sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
  std::string hostname;     // For client: set via set_sni
  std::string sni_hostname; // For server: received from client via SNI callback

  WolfSSLSession() = default;

  ~WolfSSLSession() {
    if (ssl) { wolfSSL_free(ssl); }
  }

  WolfSSLSession(const WolfSSLSession &) = delete;
  WolfSSLSession &operator=(const WolfSSLSession &) = delete;
};

// Thread-local error code accessor for wolfSSL
inline uint64_t &wolfssl_last_error() {
  static thread_local uint64_t err = 0;
  return err;
}

// Helper to map wolfSSL error to ErrorCode.
// ssl_error is the value from wolfSSL_get_error().
// raw_ret is the raw return value from the wolfSSL call (for low-level error).
inline ErrorCode map_wolfssl_error(WOLFSSL *ssl, int ssl_error,
                                   int &out_errno) {
  switch (ssl_error) {
  case SSL_ERROR_NONE: return ErrorCode::Success;
  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ: return ErrorCode::WantRead;
  case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE: return ErrorCode::WantWrite;
  case SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN: return ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
  case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL: out_errno = errno; return ErrorCode::SyscallError;
  default:
    if (ssl) {
      // wolfSSL stores the low-level error code as a negative value.
      // DOMAIN_NAME_MISMATCH (-322) indicates hostname verification failure.
      int low_err = ssl_error; // wolfSSL_get_error returns the low-level code
      if (low_err == DOMAIN_NAME_MISMATCH) {
        return ErrorCode::HostnameMismatch;
      }
      // Check verify result to distinguish cert verification from generic SSL
      // errors.
      long vr = wolfSSL_get_verify_result(ssl);
      if (vr != 0) { return ErrorCode::CertVerifyFailed; }
    }
    return ErrorCode::Fatal;
  }
}

// WolfSSLContext constructor/destructor implementations
inline WolfSSLContext::WolfSSLContext() { wolfSSL_Init(); }

inline WolfSSLContext::~WolfSSLContext() {
  if (ctx) { wolfSSL_CTX_free(ctx); }
}

// Thread-local storage for SNI captured during handshake
inline std::string &wolfssl_pending_sni() {
  static thread_local std::string sni;
  return sni;
}

// SNI callback for wolfSSL server to capture client's SNI hostname
inline int wolfssl_sni_callback(WOLFSSL *ssl, int *ret, void *exArg) {
  (void)ret;
  (void)exArg;

  void *name_data = nullptr;
  unsigned short name_len =
      wolfSSL_SNI_GetRequest(ssl, WOLFSSL_SNI_HOST_NAME, &name_data);

  if (name_data && name_len > 0) {
    wolfssl_pending_sni().assign(static_cast<const char *>(name_data),
                                 name_len);
  } else {
    wolfssl_pending_sni().clear();
  }
  return 0; // Continue regardless
}

// wolfSSL verify callback wrapper
inline int wolfssl_verify_callback(int preverify_ok,
                                   WOLFSSL_X509_STORE_CTX *x509_ctx) {
  auto &callback = get_verify_callback();
  if (!callback) { return preverify_ok; }

  WOLFSSL_X509 *cert = wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_current_cert(x509_ctx);
  int depth = wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_error_depth(x509_ctx);
  int err = wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_error(x509_ctx);

  // Get the WOLFSSL object from the X509_STORE_CTX
  WOLFSSL *ssl = static_cast<WOLFSSL *>(wolfSSL_X509_STORE_CTX_get_ex_data(
      x509_ctx, wolfSSL_get_ex_data_X509_STORE_CTX_idx()));

  VerifyContext verify_ctx;
  verify_ctx.session = static_cast<session_t>(ssl);
  verify_ctx.cert = static_cast<cert_t>(cert);
  verify_ctx.depth = depth;
  verify_ctx.preverify_ok = (preverify_ok != 0);
  verify_ctx.error_code = static_cast<long>(err);

  if (err != 0) {
    verify_ctx.error_string = wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert_error_string(err);
  } else {
    verify_ctx.error_string = nullptr;
  }

  bool accepted = callback(verify_ctx);
  return accepted ? 1 : 0;
}

inline void set_wolfssl_password_cb(WOLFSSL_CTX *ctx, const char *password) {
  wolfSSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb_userdata(ctx, const_cast<char *>(password));
  wolfSSL_CTX_set_default_passwd_cb(
      ctx, [](char *buf, int size, int /*rwflag*/, void *userdata) -> int {
        auto *pwd = static_cast<const char *>(userdata);
        if (!pwd) return 0;
        auto len = static_cast<int>(strlen(pwd));
        if (len > size) len = size;
        memcpy(buf, pwd, static_cast<size_t>(len));
        return len;
      });
}

} // namespace impl

inline ctx_t create_client_context() {
  auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::WolfSSLContext();
  if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }

  ctx->is_server = false;

  WOLFSSL_METHOD *method = wolfTLSv1_2_client_method();
  if (!method) {
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  ctx->ctx = wolfSSL_CTX_new(method);
  if (!ctx->ctx) {
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Default: verify peer certificate
  wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, nullptr);

  return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
}

inline ctx_t create_server_context() {
  auto ctx = new (std::nothrow) impl::WolfSSLContext();
  if (!ctx) { return nullptr; }

  ctx->is_server = true;

  WOLFSSL_METHOD *method = wolfTLSv1_2_server_method();
  if (!method) {
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  ctx->ctx = wolfSSL_CTX_new(method);
  if (!ctx->ctx) {
    delete ctx;
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Default: don't verify client
  wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, nullptr);

  // Enable SNI on server
  wolfSSL_CTX_SNI_SetOptions(ctx->ctx, WOLFSSL_SNI_HOST_NAME,
                             WOLFSSL_SNI_CONTINUE_ON_MISMATCH);
  wolfSSL_CTX_set_servername_callback(ctx->ctx, impl::wolfssl_sni_callback);

  return static_cast<ctx_t>(ctx);
}

inline void free_context(ctx_t ctx) {
  if (ctx) { delete static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx); }
}

inline bool set_min_version(ctx_t ctx, Version version) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  int min_ver = WOLFSSL_TLSV1_2;
  if (version >= Version::TLS1_3) { min_ver = WOLFSSL_TLSV1_3; }

  return wolfSSL_CTX_SetMinVersion(wctx->ctx, min_ver) == WOLFSSL_SUCCESS;
}

inline bool load_ca_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *pem, size_t len) {
  if (!ctx || !pem) { return false; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
      wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem),
      static_cast<long>(len), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }
  wctx->ca_pem_data_.append(pem, len);
  return true;
}

inline bool load_ca_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *file_path) {
  if (!ctx || !file_path) { return false; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, file_path, nullptr);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

inline bool load_ca_dir(ctx_t ctx, const char *dir_path) {
  if (!ctx || !dir_path) { return false; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, nullptr, dir_path);
  // wolfSSL may fail if the directory doesn't contain properly hashed certs.
  // Unlike OpenSSL which lazily loads certs from directories, wolfSSL scans
  // immediately. Return true even on failure since the CA file may have
  // already been loaded, matching OpenSSL's lenient behavior.
  (void)ret;
  return true;
}

inline bool load_system_certs(ctx_t ctx) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
  bool loaded = false;

#ifdef _WIN32
  loaded = impl::enumerate_windows_system_certs(
      [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
        return wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(wctx->ctx, data,
                                              static_cast<long>(len),
                                              SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1) == SSL_SUCCESS;
      });
#elif defined(__APPLE__) && defined(CPPHTTPLIB_USE_CERTS_FROM_MACOSX_KEYCHAIN)
  loaded = impl::enumerate_macos_keychain_certs(
      [&](const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
        return wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(wctx->ctx, data,
                                              static_cast<long>(len),
                                              SSL_FILETYPE_ASN1) == SSL_SUCCESS;
      });
#else
  for (auto path = impl::system_ca_paths(); *path; ++path) {
    if (wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, *path, nullptr) ==
        SSL_SUCCESS) {
      loaded = true;
      break;
    }
  }

  if (!loaded) {
    for (auto dir = impl::system_ca_dirs(); *dir; ++dir) {
      if (wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(wctx->ctx, nullptr, *dir) ==
          SSL_SUCCESS) {
        loaded = true;
        break;
      }
    }
  }
#endif

  return loaded;
}

inline bool set_client_cert_pem(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert, const char *key,
                                const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert || !key) { return false; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  // Load certificate
  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_certificate_buffer(
      wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert),
      static_cast<long>(strlen(cert)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }

  // Set password callback if password is provided
  if (password) { impl::set_wolfssl_password_cb(wctx->ctx, password); }

  // Load private key
  ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_buffer(
      wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key),
      static_cast<long>(strlen(key)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }

  // Verify that the certificate and private key match
  return wolfSSL_CTX_check_private_key(wctx->ctx) == SSL_SUCCESS;
}

inline bool set_client_cert_file(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_path,
                                 const char *key_path, const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert_path || !key_path) { return false; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  // Load certificate file
  int ret =
      wolfSSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(wctx->ctx, cert_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }

  // Set password callback if password is provided
  if (password) { impl::set_wolfssl_password_cb(wctx->ctx, password); }

  // Load private key file
  ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(wctx->ctx, key_path, SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }

  // Verify that the certificate and private key match
  return wolfSSL_CTX_check_private_key(wctx->ctx) == SSL_SUCCESS;
}

inline void set_verify_client(ctx_t ctx, bool require) {
  if (!ctx) { return; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
  wctx->verify_client = require;
  if (require) {
    wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(
        wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER | SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
        wctx->has_verify_callback ? impl::wolfssl_verify_callback : nullptr);
  } else {
    if (wctx->has_verify_callback) {
      wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER,
                             impl::wolfssl_verify_callback);
    } else {
      wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, nullptr);
    }
  }
}

inline session_t create_session(ctx_t ctx, socket_t sock) {
  if (!ctx || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return nullptr; }
  auto wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  auto session = new (std::nothrow) impl::WolfSSLSession();
  if (!session) { return nullptr; }

  session->sock = sock;
  session->ssl = wolfSSL_new(wctx->ctx);
  if (!session->ssl) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    delete session;
    return nullptr;
  }

  wolfSSL_set_fd(session->ssl, static_cast<int>(sock));

  return static_cast<session_t>(session);
}

inline void free_session(session_t session) {
  if (session) { delete static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session); }
}

inline bool set_sni(session_t session, const char *hostname) {
  if (!session || !hostname) { return false; }
  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);

  int ret = wolfSSL_UseSNI(wsession->ssl, WOLFSSL_SNI_HOST_NAME, hostname,
                           static_cast<word16>(strlen(hostname)));
  if (ret != WOLFSSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }

  // Also set hostname for verification
  wolfSSL_check_domain_name(wsession->ssl, hostname);

  wsession->hostname = hostname;
  return true;
}

inline bool set_hostname(session_t session, const char *hostname) {
  // In wolfSSL, set_hostname also sets up hostname verification
  return set_sni(session, hostname);
}

inline TlsError connect(session_t session) {
  TlsError err;
  if (!session) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return err;
  }

  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
  int ret = wolfSSL_connect(wsession->ssl);

  if (ret == SSL_SUCCESS) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
  } else {
    int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
    err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
    err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
  }

  return err;
}

inline TlsError accept(session_t session) {
  TlsError err;
  if (!session) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return err;
  }

  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
  int ret = wolfSSL_accept(wsession->ssl);

  if (ret == SSL_SUCCESS) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
    // Capture SNI from thread-local storage after successful handshake
    wsession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::wolfssl_pending_sni());
    impl::wolfssl_pending_sni().clear();
  } else {
    int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
    err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
    err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
  }

  return err;
}

inline bool connect_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
                                time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
                                TlsError *err) {
  if (!session) {
    if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
    return false;
  }

  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);

  // Set socket to non-blocking mode
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  auto cleanup =
      detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });

  int ret;
  while ((ret = wolfSSL_connect(wsession->ssl)) != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
    if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
      if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
    } else if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
    }

    // Error or timeout
    if (err) {
      err->code =
          impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err->sys_errno);
      err->backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
    }
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
    return false;
  }

  if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }
  return true;
}

inline bool accept_nonblocking(session_t session, socket_t sock,
                               time_t timeout_sec, time_t timeout_usec,
                               TlsError *err) {
  if (!session) {
    if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Fatal; }
    return false;
  }

  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);

  // Set socket to non-blocking mode
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  auto cleanup =
      detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });

  int ret;
  while ((ret = wolfSSL_accept(wsession->ssl)) != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
    if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
      if (detail::select_read(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
    } else if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
      if (detail::select_write(sock, timeout_sec, timeout_usec) > 0) {
        continue;
      }
    }

    // Error or timeout
    if (err) {
      err->code =
          impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err->sys_errno);
      err->backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
    }
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
    return false;
  }

  if (err) { err->code = ErrorCode::Success; }

  // Capture SNI from thread-local storage after successful handshake
  wsession->sni_hostname = std::move(impl::wolfssl_pending_sni());
  impl::wolfssl_pending_sni().clear();

  return true;
}

inline ssize_t read(session_t session, void *buf, size_t len, TlsError &err) {
  if (!session || !buf) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return -1;
  }

  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
  int ret = wolfSSL_read(wsession->ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));

  if (ret > 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
    return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
  }

  if (ret == 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
    return 0;
  }

  int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
  err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
  err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
  impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
  return -1;
}

inline ssize_t write(session_t session, const void *buf, size_t len,
                     TlsError &err) {
  if (!session || !buf) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Fatal;
    return -1;
  }

  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);
  int ret = wolfSSL_write(wsession->ssl, buf, static_cast<int>(len));

  if (ret > 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::Success;
    return static_cast<ssize_t>(ret);
  }

  // wolfSSL_write returns 0 when the peer has sent a close_notify.
  // Treat this as an error (return -1) so callers don't spin in a
  // write loop adding zero to the offset.
  if (ret == 0) {
    err.code = ErrorCode::PeerClosed;
    return -1;
  }

  int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
  err.code = impl::map_wolfssl_error(wsession->ssl, ssl_error, err.sys_errno);
  err.backend_code = static_cast<uint64_t>(ssl_error);
  impl::wolfssl_last_error() = err.backend_code;
  return -1;
}

inline int pending(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return 0; }
  auto wsession =
      static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  return wolfSSL_pending(wsession->ssl);
}

inline void shutdown(session_t session, bool graceful) {
  if (!session) { return; }
  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);

  if (graceful) {
    int ret;
    int attempts = 0;
    while ((ret = wolfSSL_shutdown(wsession->ssl)) != SSL_SUCCESS &&
           attempts < 3) {
      int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
      if (ssl_error != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ &&
          ssl_error != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE) {
        break;
      }
      attempts++;
    }
  } else {
    wolfSSL_shutdown(wsession->ssl);
  }
}

inline bool is_peer_closed(session_t session, socket_t sock) {
  if (!session || sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return true; }
  auto wsession = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);

  // Check if there's already decrypted data available
  if (wolfSSL_pending(wsession->ssl) > 0) { return false; }

  // Set socket to non-blocking to avoid blocking on read
  detail::set_nonblocking(sock, true);
  auto cleanup =
      detail::scope_exit([&]() { detail::set_nonblocking(sock, false); });

  // Peek 1 byte to check connection status without consuming data
  unsigned char buf;
  int ret = wolfSSL_peek(wsession->ssl, &buf, 1);

  // If we got data or WANT_READ (would block), connection is alive
  if (ret > 0) { return false; }

  int ssl_error = wolfSSL_get_error(wsession->ssl, ret);
  if (ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) { return false; }

  return ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN || ssl_error == SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL ||
         ret == 0;
}

inline cert_t get_peer_cert(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return nullptr; }
  auto wsession =
      static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));

  WOLFSSL_X509 *cert = wolfSSL_get_peer_certificate(wsession->ssl);
  return static_cast<cert_t>(cert);
}

inline void free_cert(cert_t cert) {
  if (cert) { wolfSSL_X509_free(static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert)); }
}

inline bool verify_hostname(cert_t cert, const char *hostname) {
  if (!cert || !hostname) { return false; }
  auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);
  std::string host_str(hostname);

  // Check if hostname is an IP address
  bool is_ip = impl::is_ipv4_address(host_str);
  unsigned char ip_bytes[4];
  if (is_ip) { impl::parse_ipv4(host_str, ip_bytes); }

  // Check Subject Alternative Names
  auto *san_names = static_cast<WOLF_STACK_OF(WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME) *>(
      wolfSSL_X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));

  if (san_names) {
    int san_count = wolfSSL_sk_num(san_names);
    for (int i = 0; i < san_count; i++) {
      auto *names =
          static_cast<WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME *>(wolfSSL_sk_value(san_names, i));
      if (!names) continue;

      if (!is_ip && names->type == WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS) {
        // DNS name
        unsigned char *dns_name = nullptr;
        int dns_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(&dns_name, names->d.dNSName);
        if (dns_name && dns_len > 0) {
          std::string san_name(reinterpret_cast<char *>(dns_name),
                               static_cast<size_t>(dns_len));
          XFREE(dns_name, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
          if (detail::match_hostname(san_name, host_str)) {
            wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
            return true;
          }
        }
      } else if (is_ip && names->type == WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD) {
        // IP address
        unsigned char *ip_data = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_data(names->d.iPAddress);
        int ip_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_length(names->d.iPAddress);
        if (ip_data && ip_len == 4 && memcmp(ip_data, ip_bytes, 4) == 0) {
          wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
          return true;
        }
      }
    }
    wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
  }

  // Fallback: Check Common Name (CN) in subject
  WOLFSSL_X509_NAME *subject = wolfSSL_X509_get_subject_name(x509);
  if (subject) {
    char cn[256] = {};
    int cn_len = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject, NID_commonName, cn,
                                                   sizeof(cn));
    if (cn_len > 0) {
      std::string cn_str(cn, static_cast<size_t>(cn_len));
      if (detail::match_hostname(cn_str, host_str)) { return true; }
    }
  }

  return false;
}

inline uint64_t hostname_mismatch_code() {
  return static_cast<uint64_t>(DOMAIN_NAME_MISMATCH);
}

inline long get_verify_result(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return -1; }
  auto wsession =
      static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  long result = wolfSSL_get_verify_result(wsession->ssl);
  return result;
}

inline std::string get_cert_subject_cn(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);

  WOLFSSL_X509_NAME *subject = wolfSSL_X509_get_subject_name(x509);
  if (!subject) return "";

  char cn[256] = {};
  int cn_len = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(subject, NID_commonName, cn,
                                                 sizeof(cn));
  if (cn_len <= 0) return "";
  return std::string(cn, static_cast<size_t>(cn_len));
}

inline std::string get_cert_issuer_name(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);

  WOLFSSL_X509_NAME *issuer = wolfSSL_X509_get_issuer_name(x509);
  if (!issuer) return "";

  char *name_str = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_oneline(issuer, nullptr, 0);
  if (!name_str) return "";

  std::string result(name_str);
  XFREE(name_str, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
  return result;
}

inline bool get_cert_sans(cert_t cert, std::vector<SanEntry> &sans) {
  sans.clear();
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);

  auto *san_names = static_cast<WOLF_STACK_OF(WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME) *>(
      wolfSSL_X509_get_ext_d2i(x509, NID_subject_alt_name, nullptr, nullptr));
  if (!san_names) return true; // No SANs is not an error

  int count = wolfSSL_sk_num(san_names);
  for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    auto *name =
        static_cast<WOLFSSL_GENERAL_NAME *>(wolfSSL_sk_value(san_names, i));
    if (!name) continue;

    SanEntry entry;
    switch (name->type) {
    case WOLFSSL_GEN_DNS: {
      entry.type = SanType::DNS;
      unsigned char *dns_name = nullptr;
      int dns_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(&dns_name, name->d.dNSName);
      if (dns_name && dns_len > 0) {
        entry.value = std::string(reinterpret_cast<char *>(dns_name),
                                  static_cast<size_t>(dns_len));
        XFREE(dns_name, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
      }
      break;
    }
    case WOLFSSL_GEN_IPADD: {
      entry.type = SanType::IP;
      unsigned char *ip_data = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_data(name->d.iPAddress);
      int ip_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_length(name->d.iPAddress);
      if (ip_data && ip_len == 4) {
        char buf[16];
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d", ip_data[0], ip_data[1],
                 ip_data[2], ip_data[3]);
        entry.value = buf;
      } else if (ip_data && ip_len == 16) {
        char buf[64];
        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                 "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:"
                 "%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x:%02x%02x",
                 ip_data[0], ip_data[1], ip_data[2], ip_data[3], ip_data[4],
                 ip_data[5], ip_data[6], ip_data[7], ip_data[8], ip_data[9],
                 ip_data[10], ip_data[11], ip_data[12], ip_data[13],
                 ip_data[14], ip_data[15]);
        entry.value = buf;
      }
      break;
    }
    case WOLFSSL_GEN_EMAIL:
      entry.type = SanType::EMAIL;
      {
        unsigned char *email = nullptr;
        int email_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(&email, name->d.rfc822Name);
        if (email && email_len > 0) {
          entry.value = std::string(reinterpret_cast<char *>(email),
                                    static_cast<size_t>(email_len));
          XFREE(email, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
        }
      }
      break;
    case WOLFSSL_GEN_URI:
      entry.type = SanType::URI;
      {
        unsigned char *uri = nullptr;
        int uri_len = wolfSSL_ASN1_STRING_to_UTF8(
            &uri, name->d.uniformResourceIdentifier);
        if (uri && uri_len > 0) {
          entry.value = std::string(reinterpret_cast<char *>(uri),
                                    static_cast<size_t>(uri_len));
          XFREE(uri, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
        }
      }
      break;
    default: entry.type = SanType::OTHER; break;
    }

    if (!entry.value.empty()) { sans.push_back(std::move(entry)); }
  }
  wolfSSL_sk_free(san_names);
  return true;
}

inline bool get_cert_validity(cert_t cert, time_t &not_before,
                              time_t &not_after) {
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);

  const WOLFSSL_ASN1_TIME *nb = wolfSSL_X509_get_notBefore(x509);
  const WOLFSSL_ASN1_TIME *na = wolfSSL_X509_get_notAfter(x509);

  if (!nb || !na) return false;

  // wolfSSL_ASN1_TIME_to_tm is available
  struct tm tm_nb = {}, tm_na = {};
  if (wolfSSL_ASN1_TIME_to_tm(nb, &tm_nb) != WOLFSSL_SUCCESS) return false;
  if (wolfSSL_ASN1_TIME_to_tm(na, &tm_na) != WOLFSSL_SUCCESS) return false;

#ifdef _WIN32
  not_before = _mkgmtime(&tm_nb);
  not_after = _mkgmtime(&tm_na);
#else
  not_before = timegm(&tm_nb);
  not_after = timegm(&tm_na);
#endif
  return true;
}

inline std::string get_cert_serial(cert_t cert) {
  if (!cert) return "";
  auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);

  WOLFSSL_ASN1_INTEGER *serial_asn1 = wolfSSL_X509_get_serialNumber(x509);
  if (!serial_asn1) return "";

  // Get the serial number data
  int len = serial_asn1->length;
  unsigned char *data = serial_asn1->data;
  if (!data || len <= 0) return "";

  std::string result;
  result.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(len) * 2);
  for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    char hex[3];
    snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%02X", data[i]);
    result += hex;
  }
  return result;
}

inline bool get_cert_der(cert_t cert, std::vector<unsigned char> &der) {
  if (!cert) return false;
  auto x509 = static_cast<WOLFSSL_X509 *>(cert);

  int der_len = 0;
  const unsigned char *der_data = wolfSSL_X509_get_der(x509, &der_len);
  if (!der_data || der_len <= 0) return false;

  der.assign(der_data, der_data + der_len);
  return true;
}

inline const char *get_sni(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) return nullptr;
  auto wsession = static_cast<const impl::WolfSSLSession *>(session);

  // For server: return SNI received from client during handshake
  if (!wsession->sni_hostname.empty()) {
    return wsession->sni_hostname.c_str();
  }

  // For client: return the hostname set via set_sni
  if (!wsession->hostname.empty()) { return wsession->hostname.c_str(); }

  return nullptr;
}

inline uint64_t peek_error() {
  return static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
}

inline uint64_t get_error() {
  uint64_t err = impl::wolfssl_last_error();
  impl::wolfssl_last_error() = 0;
  return err;
}

inline std::string error_string(uint64_t code) {
  char buf[256];
  wolfSSL_ERR_error_string(static_cast<unsigned long>(code), buf);
  return std::string(buf);
}

inline ca_store_t create_ca_store(const char *pem, size_t len) {
  if (!pem || len == 0) { return nullptr; }
  // Validate by attempting to load into a temporary ctx
  WOLFSSL_CTX *tmp_ctx = wolfSSL_CTX_new(wolfTLSv1_2_client_method());
  if (!tmp_ctx) { return nullptr; }
  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
      tmp_ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(pem),
      static_cast<long>(len), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  wolfSSL_CTX_free(tmp_ctx);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) { return nullptr; }
  return static_cast<ca_store_t>(
      new impl::WolfSSLCAStore{std::string(pem, len)});
}

inline void free_ca_store(ca_store_t store) {
  delete static_cast<impl::WolfSSLCAStore *>(store);
}

inline bool set_ca_store(ctx_t ctx, ca_store_t store) {
  if (!ctx || !store) { return false; }
  auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
  auto *ca = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLCAStore *>(store);
  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
      wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(ca->pem_data.data()),
      static_cast<long>(ca->pem_data.size()), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret == SSL_SUCCESS) { wctx->ca_pem_data_ += ca->pem_data; }
  return ret == SSL_SUCCESS;
}

inline size_t get_ca_certs(ctx_t ctx, std::vector<cert_t> &certs) {
  certs.clear();
  if (!ctx) { return 0; }
  auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
  if (wctx->ca_pem_data_.empty()) { return 0; }

  const std::string &pem = wctx->ca_pem_data_;
  const std::string begin_marker = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----";
  const std::string end_marker = "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";
  size_t pos = 0;
  while ((pos = pem.find(begin_marker, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
    size_t end_pos = pem.find(end_marker, pos);
    if (end_pos == std::string::npos) { break; }
    end_pos += end_marker.size();
    std::string cert_pem = pem.substr(pos, end_pos - pos);
    WOLFSSL_X509 *x509 = wolfSSL_X509_load_certificate_buffer(
        reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem.data()),
        static_cast<int>(cert_pem.size()), WOLFSSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
    if (x509) { certs.push_back(static_cast<cert_t>(x509)); }
    pos = end_pos;
  }
  return certs.size();
}

inline std::vector<std::string> get_ca_names(ctx_t ctx) {
  std::vector<std::string> names;
  if (!ctx) { return names; }
  auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);
  if (wctx->ca_pem_data_.empty()) { return names; }

  const std::string &pem = wctx->ca_pem_data_;
  const std::string begin_marker = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----";
  const std::string end_marker = "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";
  size_t pos = 0;
  while ((pos = pem.find(begin_marker, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
    size_t end_pos = pem.find(end_marker, pos);
    if (end_pos == std::string::npos) { break; }
    end_pos += end_marker.size();
    std::string cert_pem = pem.substr(pos, end_pos - pos);
    WOLFSSL_X509 *x509 = wolfSSL_X509_load_certificate_buffer(
        reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem.data()),
        static_cast<int>(cert_pem.size()), WOLFSSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
    if (x509) {
      WOLFSSL_X509_NAME *subject = wolfSSL_X509_get_subject_name(x509);
      if (subject) {
        char *name_str = wolfSSL_X509_NAME_oneline(subject, nullptr, 0);
        if (name_str) {
          names.push_back(name_str);
          XFREE(name_str, nullptr, DYNAMIC_TYPE_OPENSSL);
        }
      }
      wolfSSL_X509_free(x509);
    }
    pos = end_pos;
  }
  return names;
}

inline bool update_server_cert(ctx_t ctx, const char *cert_pem,
                               const char *key_pem, const char *password) {
  if (!ctx || !cert_pem || !key_pem) { return false; }
  auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  // Load new certificate
  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_certificate_buffer(
      wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(cert_pem),
      static_cast<long>(strlen(cert_pem)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }

  // Set password if provided
  if (password) { impl::set_wolfssl_password_cb(wctx->ctx, password); }

  // Load new private key
  ret = wolfSSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_buffer(
      wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(key_pem),
      static_cast<long>(strlen(key_pem)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

inline bool update_server_client_ca(ctx_t ctx, const char *ca_pem) {
  if (!ctx || !ca_pem) { return false; }
  auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  int ret = wolfSSL_CTX_load_verify_buffer(
      wctx->ctx, reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(ca_pem),
      static_cast<long>(strlen(ca_pem)), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM);
  if (ret != SSL_SUCCESS) {
    impl::wolfssl_last_error() =
        static_cast<uint64_t>(wolfSSL_ERR_peek_last_error());
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

inline bool set_verify_callback(ctx_t ctx, VerifyCallback callback) {
  if (!ctx) { return false; }
  auto *wctx = static_cast<impl::WolfSSLContext *>(ctx);

  impl::get_verify_callback() = std::move(callback);
  wctx->has_verify_callback = static_cast<bool>(impl::get_verify_callback());

  if (wctx->has_verify_callback) {
    wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(wctx->ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER,
                           impl::wolfssl_verify_callback);
  } else {
    wolfSSL_CTX_set_verify(
        wctx->ctx,
        wctx->verify_client
            ? (SSL_VERIFY_PEER | SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT)
            : SSL_VERIFY_NONE,
        nullptr);
  }
  return true;
}

inline long get_verify_error(const_session_t session) {
  if (!session) { return -1; }
  auto *wsession =
      static_cast<impl::WolfSSLSession *>(const_cast<void *>(session));
  return wolfSSL_get_verify_result(wsession->ssl);
}

inline std::string verify_error_string(long error_code) {
  if (error_code == 0) { return ""; }
  const char *str =
      wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert_error_string(static_cast<int>(error_code));
  return str ? std::string(str) : std::string();
}

} // namespace tls

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT

// WebSocket implementation
namespace ws {

inline bool WebSocket::send_frame(Opcode op, const char *data, size_t len,
                                  bool fin) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
  if (closed_) { return false; }
  return detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, op, data, len, fin, !is_server_);
}

inline ReadResult WebSocket::read(std::string &msg) {
  while (!closed_) {
    Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;

    if (!impl::read_websocket_frame(strm_, opcode, payload, fin, is_server_,
                                    CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH)) {
      closed_ = true;
      return Fail;
    }

    switch (opcode) {
    case Opcode::Ping: {
      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
      detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, Opcode::Pong, payload.data(),
                                    payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
      continue;
    }
    case Opcode::Pong: continue;
    case Opcode::Close: {
      if (!closed_.exchange(true)) {
        // Echo close frame back
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
        detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, Opcode::Close, payload.data(),
                                      payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
      }
      return Fail;
    }
    case Opcode::Text:
    case Opcode::Binary: {
      auto result = opcode == Opcode::Text ? Text : Binary;
      msg = std::move(payload);

      // Handle fragmentation
      if (!fin) {
        while (true) {
          Opcode cont_opcode;
          std::string cont_payload;
          bool cont_fin;
          if (!impl::read_websocket_frame(
                  strm_, cont_opcode, cont_payload, cont_fin, is_server_,
                  CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH)) {
            closed_ = true;
            return Fail;
          }
          if (cont_opcode == Opcode::Ping) {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
            detail::write_websocket_frame(
                strm_, Opcode::Pong, cont_payload.data(), cont_payload.size(),
                true, !is_server_);
            continue;
          }
          if (cont_opcode == Opcode::Pong) { continue; }
          if (cont_opcode == Opcode::Close) {
            if (!closed_.exchange(true)) {
              std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
              detail::write_websocket_frame(
                  strm_, Opcode::Close, cont_payload.data(),
                  cont_payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
            }
            return Fail;
          }
          // RFC 6455: continuation frames must use opcode 0x0
          if (cont_opcode != Opcode::Continuation) {
            closed_ = true;
            return Fail;
          }
          msg += cont_payload;
          if (msg.size() > CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH) {
            closed_ = true;
            return Fail;
          }
          if (cont_fin) { break; }
        }
      }
      // RFC 6455 Section 5.6: text frames must contain valid UTF-8
      if (result == Text && !impl::is_valid_utf8(msg)) {
        close(CloseStatus::InvalidPayload, "invalid UTF-8");
        return Fail;
      }
      return result;
    }
    default: closed_ = true; return Fail;
    }
  }
  return Fail;
}

inline bool WebSocket::send(const std::string &data) {
  return send_frame(Opcode::Text, data.data(), data.size());
}

inline bool WebSocket::send(const char *data, size_t len) {
  return send_frame(Opcode::Binary, data, len);
}

inline void WebSocket::close(CloseStatus status, const std::string &reason) {
  if (closed_.exchange(true)) { return; }
  ping_cv_.notify_all();
  std::string payload;
  auto code = static_cast<uint16_t>(status);
  payload.push_back(static_cast<char>((code >> 8) & 0xFF));
  payload.push_back(static_cast<char>(code & 0xFF));
  // RFC 6455 Section 5.5: control frame payload must not exceed 125 bytes
  // Close frame has 2-byte status code, so reason is limited to 123 bytes
  payload += reason.substr(0, 123);
  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(write_mutex_);
    detail::write_websocket_frame(strm_, Opcode::Close, payload.data(),
                                  payload.size(), true, !is_server_);
  }

  // RFC 6455 Section 7.1.1: after sending a Close frame, wait for the peer's
  // Close response before closing the TCP connection. Use a short timeout to
  // avoid hanging if the peer doesn't respond.
  strm_.set_read_timeout(CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_CLOSE_TIMEOUT_SECOND, 0);
  Opcode op;
  std::string resp;
  bool fin;
  while (impl::read_websocket_frame(strm_, op, resp, fin, is_server_, 125)) {
    if (op == Opcode::Close) { break; }
  }
}

inline WebSocket::~WebSocket() {
  {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(ping_mutex_);
    closed_ = true;
  }
  ping_cv_.notify_all();
  if (ping_thread_.joinable()) { ping_thread_.join(); }
}

inline void WebSocket::start_heartbeat() {
  if (ping_interval_sec_ == 0) { return; }
  ping_thread_ = std::thread([this]() {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(ping_mutex_);
    while (!closed_) {
      ping_cv_.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(ping_interval_sec_));
      if (closed_) { break; }
      lock.unlock();
      if (!send_frame(Opcode::Ping, nullptr, 0)) {
        closed_ = true;
        break;
      }
      lock.lock();
    }
  });
}

inline const Request &WebSocket::request() const { return req_; }

inline bool WebSocket::is_open() const { return !closed_; }

// WebSocketClient implementation
inline WebSocketClient::WebSocketClient(
    const std::string &scheme_host_port_path, const Headers &headers)
    : headers_(headers) {
  const static std::regex re(
      R"(([a-z]+):\/\/(?:\[([a-fA-F\d:]+)\]|([^:/?#]+))(?::(\d+))?(\/.*))");

  std::smatch m;
  if (std::regex_match(scheme_host_port_path, m, re)) {
    auto scheme = m[1].str();

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    if (scheme != "ws" && scheme != "wss") {
#else
    if (scheme != "ws") {
#endif
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
      std::string msg = "'" + scheme + "' scheme is not supported.";
      throw std::invalid_argument(msg);
#endif
      return;
    }

    auto is_ssl = scheme == "wss";

    host_ = m[2].str();
    if (host_.empty()) { host_ = m[3].str(); }

    auto port_str = m[4].str();
    port_ = is_ssl ? 443 : 80;
    if (!port_str.empty() && !detail::parse_port(port_str, port_)) { return; }

    path_ = m[5].str();

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    is_ssl_ = is_ssl;
#else
    if (is_ssl) { return; }
#endif

    is_valid_ = true;
  }
}

inline WebSocketClient::~WebSocketClient() { shutdown_and_close(); }

inline bool WebSocketClient::is_valid() const { return is_valid_; }

inline void WebSocketClient::shutdown_and_close() {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  if (is_ssl_) {
    if (tls_session_) {
      tls::shutdown(tls_session_, true);
      tls::free_session(tls_session_);
      tls_session_ = nullptr;
    }
    if (tls_ctx_) {
      tls::free_context(tls_ctx_);
      tls_ctx_ = nullptr;
    }
  }
#endif
  if (ws_ && ws_->is_open()) { ws_->close(); }
  ws_.reset();
  if (sock_ != INVALID_SOCKET) {
    detail::shutdown_socket(sock_);
    detail::close_socket(sock_);
    sock_ = INVALID_SOCKET;
  }
}

inline bool WebSocketClient::create_stream(std::unique_ptr<Stream> &strm) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  if (is_ssl_) {
    if (!detail::setup_client_tls_session(
            host_, tls_ctx_, tls_session_, sock_,
            server_certificate_verification_, ca_cert_file_path_,
            ca_cert_store_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_)) {
      return false;
    }

    strm = std::unique_ptr<Stream>(new detail::SSLSocketStream(
        sock_, tls_session_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
        write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_));
    return true;
  }
#endif
  strm = std::unique_ptr<Stream>(
      new detail::SocketStream(sock_, read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_,
                               write_timeout_sec_, write_timeout_usec_));
  return true;
}

inline bool WebSocketClient::connect() {
  if (!is_valid_) { return false; }
  shutdown_and_close();

  Error error;
  sock_ = detail::create_client_socket(
      host_, std::string(), port_, AF_UNSPEC, false, false, nullptr, 5, 0,
      read_timeout_sec_, read_timeout_usec_, write_timeout_sec_,
      write_timeout_usec_, std::string(), error);

  if (sock_ == INVALID_SOCKET) { return false; }

  std::unique_ptr<Stream> strm;
  if (!create_stream(strm)) {
    shutdown_and_close();
    return false;
  }

  std::string selected_subprotocol;
  if (!detail::perform_websocket_handshake(*strm, host_, port_, path_, headers_,
                                           selected_subprotocol)) {
    shutdown_and_close();
    return false;
  }
  subprotocol_ = std::move(selected_subprotocol);

  Request req;
  req.method = "GET";
  req.path = path_;
  ws_ = std::unique_ptr<WebSocket>(
      new WebSocket(std::move(strm), req, false, websocket_ping_interval_sec_));
  return true;
}

inline ReadResult WebSocketClient::read(std::string &msg) {
  if (!ws_) { return Fail; }
  return ws_->read(msg);
}

inline bool WebSocketClient::send(const std::string &data) {
  if (!ws_) { return false; }
  return ws_->send(data);
}

inline bool WebSocketClient::send(const char *data, size_t len) {
  if (!ws_) { return false; }
  return ws_->send(data, len);
}

inline void WebSocketClient::close(CloseStatus status,
                                   const std::string &reason) {
  if (ws_) { ws_->close(status, reason); }
}

inline bool WebSocketClient::is_open() const { return ws_ && ws_->is_open(); }

inline const std::string &WebSocketClient::subprotocol() const {
  return subprotocol_;
}

inline void WebSocketClient::set_read_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  read_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  read_timeout_usec_ = usec;
}

inline void WebSocketClient::set_write_timeout(time_t sec, time_t usec) {
  write_timeout_sec_ = sec;
  write_timeout_usec_ = usec;
}

inline void WebSocketClient::set_websocket_ping_interval(time_t sec) {
  websocket_ping_interval_sec_ = sec;
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

inline void WebSocketClient::set_ca_cert_path(const std::string &path) {
  ca_cert_file_path_ = path;
}

inline void WebSocketClient::set_ca_cert_store(tls::ca_store_t store) {
  ca_cert_store_ = store;
}

inline void
WebSocketClient::enable_server_certificate_verification(bool enabled) {
  server_certificate_verification_ = enabled;
}

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

} // namespace ws

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

} // namespace httplib

#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_HTTPLIB_H


================================================
FILE: justfile
================================================
set shell := ["bash", "-c"]

default: list

list:
    @just --list --unsorted

openssl:
    @(cd test && LSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt make)
    @(cd test && make proxy)

openssl_parallel:
    @(cd test && make test_openssl_parallel)

mbedtls:
    @(cd test && make test_mbedtls && LSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt ./test_mbedtls)
    @(cd test && make proxy_mbedtls)

mbedtls_parallel:
    @(cd test && make test_mbedtls_parallel)

wolfssl:
    @(cd test && make test_wolfssl && LSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt ./test_wolfssl)
    @(cd test && make proxy_wolfssl)

wolfssl_parallel:
    @(cd test && make test_wolfssl_parallel)

no_tls:
    @(cd test && make test_no_tls && ./test_no_tls)

no_tls_parallel:
    @(cd test && make test_no_tls_parallel)

others:
    @(cd test && make fuzz_test)
    @(cd test && make test_websocket_heartbeat && ./test_websocket_heartbeat)
    @(cd test && make test_thread_pool && ./test_thread_pool)
    @(cd test && make test_benchmark && ./test_benchmark)

build:
    @(cd test && make test_split)
    @(cd test && make test_split_mbedtls)
    @(cd test && make test_split_wolfssl)

bench:
    @(cd benchmark && make bench-all)

docs:
    @cargo build --release --manifest-path docs-gen/Cargo.toml
    @./docs-gen/target/release/docs-gen build docs-src --out docs

docs-serve:
    @cargo build --release --manifest-path docs-gen/Cargo.toml
    -@./docs-gen/target/release/docs-gen serve docs-src --open



================================================
FILE: meson.build
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

project(
  'cpp-httplib',
  'cpp',
  license: 'MIT',
  default_options: [
    'cpp_std=c++11',
    'buildtype=release',
    'b_ndebug=if-release',
    'b_lto=true',
    'warning_level=3'
  ],
  meson_version: '>=0.63.0'
)

cxx = meson.get_compiler('cpp')

if cxx.sizeof('void *') != 8
  if host_machine.system() == 'windows'
    error('unsupported architecture: cpp-httplib doesn\'t support 32-bit Windows. Please use a 64-bit compiler.')
  else
    warning('cpp-httplib doesn\'t support 32-bit platforms. Please use a 64-bit compiler.')
  endif
endif

# Check just in case downstream decides to edit the source
# and add a project version
version = meson.project_version()
if version == 'undefined'
  version = cxx.get_define('CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION',
    prefix: '#include <httplib.h>',
    include_directories: include_directories('.')).strip('"')
  assert(version != '', 'failed to get version from httplib.h')
endif

deps = [dependency('threads')]
args = []

if get_option('tls').allowed()
  tls_found = false
  if get_option('tls_backend') == 'openssl'
    openssl_dep = dependency('openssl', version: '>=3.0.0', required: get_option('tls'))
    if openssl_dep.found()
      deps += openssl_dep
      args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT'
      tls_found = true
    endif
  else
    mbedtls_dep = dependency('mbedtls', required: get_option('tls'))
    mbedtlsx509_dep = dependency('mbedx509', required: get_option('tls'))
    mbedtlscrypto_dep = dependency('mbedcrypto', required: get_option('tls'))
    if mbedtls_dep.found() and mbedtlsx509_dep.found() and mbedtlscrypto_dep.found()
      deps += mbedtls_dep
      deps += mbedtlsx509_dep
      deps += mbedtlscrypto_dep
      args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT'
      tls_found = true
    endif
  endif

  if tls_found and host_machine.system() == 'darwin'
    disable_macosx_certs = get_option('disable_macosx_automatic_root_certificates')
    if disable_macosx_certs
        args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_MACOSX_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES'
    else
        macosx_keychain_dep = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: ['CFNetwork', 'CoreFoundation', 'Security'], required: true)
        deps += macosx_keychain_dep
    endif
  endif
endif

zlib_dep = dependency('zlib', required: get_option('zlib'))
if zlib_dep.found()
  deps += zlib_dep
  args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT'
endif

brotli_deps = [dependency('libbrotlicommon', required: get_option('brotli'))]
brotli_deps += dependency('libbrotlidec',    required: get_option('brotli'))
brotli_deps += dependency('libbrotlienc',    required: get_option('brotli'))

brotli_found_all = true
foreach brotli_dep : brotli_deps
  if not brotli_dep.found()
    brotli_found_all = false
  endif
endforeach

if brotli_found_all
  deps += brotli_deps
  args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT'
endif

zstd_dep = dependency('libzstd', required: get_option('zstd'))
if zstd_dep.found()
  deps += zstd_dep
  args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT'
endif

async_ns_opt = get_option('non_blocking_getaddrinfo')

if host_machine.system() == 'windows'
  async_ns_dep = cxx.find_library('ws2_32', required: async_ns_opt)
elif host_machine.system() == 'darwin'
  async_ns_dep = dependency('appleframeworks', modules: ['CFNetwork', 'CoreFoundation'], required: async_ns_opt)
else
  async_ns_dep = cxx.find_library('anl', required: async_ns_opt)
endif

if async_ns_dep.found()
  deps += async_ns_dep
  args += '-DCPPHTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO'
endif

cpp_httplib_dep = dependency('', required: false)

if get_option('compile')
  python3 = find_program('python3')

  httplib_ch = custom_target(
    'split',
    input: 'httplib.h',
    output: ['httplib.cc', 'httplib.h'],
    command: [python3, files('split.py'), '--out', meson.current_build_dir()],
    install: true,
    install_dir: [false, get_option('includedir')]
  )
  lib = library(
    'cpp-httplib',
    sources: httplib_ch,
    dependencies: deps,
    cpp_args: args,
    version: version,
    soversion: version.split('.')[0] + '.' + version.split('.')[1],
    install: true
  )
  cpp_httplib_dep = declare_dependency(compile_args: args, dependencies: deps, link_with: lib, sources: httplib_ch[1], version: version)

  import('pkgconfig').generate(
    lib,
    description: 'A C++ HTTP/HTTPS server and client library',
    extra_cflags: args,
    url: 'https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib',
    version: version
  )
else
  install_headers('httplib.h')
  cpp_httplib_dep = declare_dependency(compile_args: args, dependencies: deps, include_directories: '.', version: version)

  import('pkgconfig').generate(
    name: 'cpp-httplib',
    description: 'A C++ HTTP/HTTPS server and client library',
    install_dir: get_option('datadir')/'pkgconfig',
    url: 'https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib',
    version: version
  )
endif

meson.override_dependency('cpp-httplib', cpp_httplib_dep)

if get_option('test')
  subdir('test')
endif


================================================
FILE: meson_options.txt
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

option('tls',     type: 'feature', description: 'Enable TLS support')
option('tls_backend', type: 'combo', choices: ['openssl', 'mbedtls'], value: 'openssl', description: 'Which TLS library to use')
option('zlib',    type: 'feature', value: 'auto', description: 'Enable zlib support')
option('brotli',  type: 'feature', value: 'auto', description: 'Enable Brotli support')
option('zstd',    type: 'feature', value: 'auto', description: 'Enable zstd support')
option('disable_macosx_automatic_root_certificates', type: 'boolean', value: false, description: 'Disable loading system certs from the Apple Keychain on macOS')
option('non_blocking_getaddrinfo', type: 'feature', value: 'auto', description: 'Enable asynchronous name lookup')
option('compile', type: 'boolean', value: false,  description: 'Split the header into a compilable header & source file (requires python3)')
option('test',    type: 'boolean', value: false,  description: 'Build tests')

# Old option names
option('openssl', type: 'feature', deprecated: 'tls')
option('cpp-httplib_openssl', type: 'feature', deprecated: 'openssl')
option('cpp-httplib_zlib',    type: 'feature', deprecated: 'zlib')
option('cpp-httplib_brotli',  type: 'feature', deprecated: 'brotli')
option('macosx_keychain', type: 'feature', deprecated: true, description: 'Deprecated: use disable_macosx_automatic_root_certificates instead')
option('cpp-httplib_macosx_keychain', type: 'feature', deprecated: 'macosx_keychain')
option('cpp-httplib_non_blocking_getaddrinfo', type: 'feature', deprecated: 'non_blocking_getaddrinfo')
option('cpp-httplib_compile', type: 'boolean', value: false, deprecated: 'compile')
option('cpp-httplib_test',    type: 'boolean', value: false, deprecated: 'test')


================================================
FILE: split.py
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env python3

"""This script splits httplib.h into .h and .cc parts."""

import os
import sys
from argparse import ArgumentParser, Namespace
from typing import List

BORDER: str = '// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------'

def main() -> None:
    """Main entry point for the script."""

    args_parser: ArgumentParser = ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
    args_parser.add_argument(
        "-e", "--extension", help="extension of the implementation file (default: cc)", default="cc"
    )
    args_parser.add_argument(
        "-o", "--out", help="where to write the files (default: out)", default="out"
    )
    args: Namespace = args_parser.parse_args()

    cur_dir: str = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
    if not cur_dir:
        cur_dir = '.'
    lib_name: str = "httplib"
    header_name: str = f"/{lib_name}.h"
    source_name: str = f"/{lib_name}.{args.extension}"
    # get the input file
    in_file: str = f"{cur_dir}{header_name}"
    # get the output file
    h_out: str = f"{args.out}{header_name}"
    cc_out: str = f"{args.out}{source_name}"

    # if the modification time of the out file is after the in file,
    # don't split (as it is already finished)
    do_split: bool = True

    if os.path.exists(h_out):
        in_time: float = os.path.getmtime(in_file)
        out_time: float = os.path.getmtime(h_out)
        do_split: bool = in_time > out_time

    if do_split:
        with open(in_file) as f:
            lines: List[str] = f.readlines()

        os.makedirs(args.out, exist_ok=True)

        in_implementation: bool = False
        cc_out: str = args.out + source_name
        
        with open(h_out, 'w') as fh, open(cc_out, 'w') as fc:
            # Write source file
            fc.write("#include \"httplib.h\"\n")
            fc.write("namespace httplib {\n")
            
            # Process lines for header and source split
            for line in lines:
                is_border_line: bool = BORDER in line
                if is_border_line:
                    in_implementation: bool = not in_implementation
                elif in_implementation:
                    fc.write(line.replace("inline ", ""))
                else:
                    fh.write(line)
            
            fc.write("} // namespace httplib\n")

        print(f"Wrote {h_out} and {cc_out}")
    else:
        print(f"{h_out} and {cc_out} are up to date")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()


================================================
FILE: test/CMakeLists.txt
================================================
find_package(GTest)

if(GTest_FOUND)
    if(NOT TARGET GTest::gtest_main AND TARGET GTest::Main)
        # CMake <3.20
        add_library(GTest::gtest_main INTERFACE IMPORTED)
        target_link_libraries(GTest::gtest_main INTERFACE GTest::Main)
    endif()
else()
    if(POLICY CMP0135)
        cmake_policy(SET CMP0135 NEW)
    endif()

    include(FetchContent)

    set(BUILD_GMOCK OFF)
    set(INSTALL_GTEST OFF)
    set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON)

    FetchContent_Declare(
        gtest
        URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/main.tar.gz
    )
    FetchContent_MakeAvailable(gtest)
endif()

find_package(CURL REQUIRED)

add_executable(httplib-test test.cc include_httplib.cc $<$<BOOL:${WIN32}>:include_windows_h.cc>)
target_compile_options(httplib-test PRIVATE "$<$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>:/utf-8;/bigobj>")
target_link_libraries(httplib-test PRIVATE httplib GTest::gtest_main CURL::libcurl)
gtest_discover_tests(httplib-test)

file(
    COPY www www2 www3 ca-bundle.crt image.jpg
    DESTINATION ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
)

if(HTTPLIB_IS_USING_OPENSSL)
    if (OPENSSL_VERSION VERSION_LESS "3.2.0")
      set(OPENSSL_X509_FLAG "-x509")
    else()
      set(OPENSSL_X509_FLAG "-x509v1")
    endif()
    find_program(OPENSSL_COMMAND
        NAMES openssl
        PATHS ${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR}/../bin
        REQUIRED
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} genrsa 2048
        OUTPUT_FILE key.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} req -new -batch -config ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/test.conf -key key.pem
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} x509 -days 3650 -req -signkey key.pem
        OUTPUT_FILE cert.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} req ${OPENSSL_X509_FLAG} -new -config ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/test.conf -key key.pem -sha256 -days 3650 -nodes -out cert2.pem -extensions SAN
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} genrsa 2048
        OUTPUT_FILE rootCA.key.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} req ${OPENSSL_X509_FLAG} -new -batch -config ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/test.rootCA.conf -key rootCA.key.pem -days 1024
        OUTPUT_FILE rootCA.cert.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} genrsa 2048
        OUTPUT_FILE client.key.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} req -new -batch -config ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/test.conf -key client.key.pem
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} x509 -days 370 -req -CA rootCA.cert.pem -CAkey rootCA.key.pem -CAcreateserial
        OUTPUT_FILE client.cert.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} genrsa -passout pass:test123! 2048
        OUTPUT_FILE key_encrypted.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} req -new -batch -config ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/test.conf -key key_encrypted.pem
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} x509 -days 3650 -req -signkey key_encrypted.pem
        OUTPUT_FILE cert_encrypted.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} genrsa -aes256 -passout pass:test012! 2048
        OUTPUT_FILE client_encrypted.key.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
    execute_process(
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} req -new -batch -config ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/test.conf -key client_encrypted.key.pem -passin pass:test012!
        COMMAND ${OPENSSL_COMMAND} x509 -days 370 -req -CA rootCA.cert.pem -CAkey rootCA.key.pem -CAcreateserial
        OUTPUT_FILE client_encrypted.cert.pem
        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY
    )
endif()

add_subdirectory(fuzzing)


================================================
FILE: test/Makefile
================================================
CXX = clang++
CXXFLAGS = -g -std=c++11 -I. -Wall -Wextra -Wtype-limits -Wconversion -Wshadow $(EXTRA_CXXFLAGS) -DCPPHTTPLIB_USE_NON_BLOCKING_GETADDRINFO -fsanitize=address # -fno-exceptions -DCPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS

ifneq ($(OS), Windows_NT)
	UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
	ifeq ($(UNAME_S), Darwin)
		PREFIX ?= $(shell brew --prefix)
		OPENSSL_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/openssl@3
		OPENSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT -I$(OPENSSL_DIR)/include -L$(OPENSSL_DIR)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
		OPENSSL_SUPPORT += -framework CoreFoundation -framework Security
		MBEDTLS_DIR ?= $(shell brew --prefix mbedtls@3)
		MBEDTLS_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT -I$(MBEDTLS_DIR)/include -L$(MBEDTLS_DIR)/lib -lmbedtls -lmbedx509 -lmbedcrypto
		MBEDTLS_SUPPORT += -framework CoreFoundation -framework Security
		WOLFSSL_DIR ?= $(shell brew --prefix wolfssl)
		WOLFSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT -I$(WOLFSSL_DIR)/include -I$(WOLFSSL_DIR)/include/wolfssl -L$(WOLFSSL_DIR)/lib -lwolfssl
		WOLFSSL_SUPPORT += -framework CoreFoundation -framework Security
	else
		OPENSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT -lssl -lcrypto
		MBEDTLS_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT -lmbedtls -lmbedx509 -lmbedcrypto
		WOLFSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT -lwolfssl
	endif
endif

ZLIB_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT -lz

ifneq ($(OS), Windows_NT)
	UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
	ifeq ($(UNAME_S), Darwin)
		# macOS: use Homebrew paths for brotli and zstd
		BROTLI_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/brotli
		BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -I$(BROTLI_DIR)/include -L$(BROTLI_DIR)/lib -lbrotlicommon -lbrotlienc -lbrotlidec
		ZSTD_DIR = $(PREFIX)/opt/zstd
		ZSTD_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT -I$(ZSTD_DIR)/include -L$(ZSTD_DIR)/lib -lzstd
		LIBS = -lpthread -lcurl -framework CoreFoundation -framework CFNetwork
	else
		# Linux: use system paths
		BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -lbrotlicommon -lbrotlienc -lbrotlidec
		ZSTD_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT -lzstd
		LIBS = -lpthread -lcurl -lanl
	endif
endif

TEST_ARGS = gtest/src/gtest-all.cc gtest/src/gtest_main.cc -Igtest -Igtest/include $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) $(ZSTD_SUPPORT) $(LIBS)
TEST_ARGS_MBEDTLS = gtest/src/gtest-all.cc gtest/src/gtest_main.cc -Igtest -Igtest/include $(MBEDTLS_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) $(ZSTD_SUPPORT) $(LIBS)
TEST_ARGS_WOLFSSL = gtest/src/gtest-all.cc gtest/src/gtest_main.cc -Igtest -Igtest/include $(WOLFSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) $(ZSTD_SUPPORT) $(LIBS)
TEST_ARGS_NO_TLS = gtest/src/gtest-all.cc gtest/src/gtest_main.cc -Igtest -Igtest/include $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) $(ZSTD_SUPPORT) $(LIBS)

# By default, use standalone_fuzz_target_runner.
# This runner does no fuzzing, but simply executes the inputs
# provided via parameters.
# Run e.g. "make all LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE=/path/to/libFuzzer.a"
# to link the fuzzer(s) against a real fuzzing engine.
# OSS-Fuzz will define its own value for LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE.
LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE ?= standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o

CLANG_FORMAT = clang-format
REALPATH = $(shell which grealpath 2>/dev/null || which realpath 2>/dev/null)
STYLE_CHECK_FILES = $(filter-out httplib.h httplib.cc, \
	$(wildcard example/*.h example/*.cc fuzzing/*.h fuzzing/*.cc *.h *.cc ../httplib.h))

all : test test_split
	LSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt ./test

SHARDS ?= 4

define run_parallel
	@echo "Running $(1) with $(SHARDS) shards in parallel..."
	@fail=0; \
	for i in $$(seq 0 $$(($(SHARDS) - 1))); do \
	  GTEST_TOTAL_SHARDS=$(SHARDS) GTEST_SHARD_INDEX=$$i \
	  LSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=lsan_suppressions.txt \
	  ./$(1) --gtest_color=yes > $(1)_shard_$$i.log 2>&1 & \
	done; \
	wait; \
	for i in $$(seq 0 $$(($(SHARDS) - 1))); do \
	  if ! grep -q "\[  PASSED  \]" $(1)_shard_$$i.log; then \
	    echo "=== Shard $$i FAILED ==="; \
	    cat $(1)_shard_$$i.log; \
	    fail=1; \
	  else \
	    passed=$$(grep "\[  PASSED  \]" $(1)_shard_$$i.log); \
	    echo "Shard $$i: $$passed"; \
	  fi; \
	done; \
	if [ $$fail -ne 0 ]; then exit 1; fi; \
	echo "All shards passed."
endef

.PHONY: test_openssl_parallel test_mbedtls_parallel test_wolfssl_parallel test_no_tls_parallel

test_openssl_parallel : test
	$(call run_parallel,test)

test_mbedtls_parallel : test_mbedtls
	$(call run_parallel,test_mbedtls)

test_wolfssl_parallel : test_wolfssl
	$(call run_parallel,test_wolfssl)

test_no_tls_parallel : test_no_tls
	$(call run_parallel,test_no_tls)

proxy : test_proxy
	@echo "Starting proxy server..."
	cd proxy && \
	docker compose up -d
	@echo "Waiting for proxy to be ready..."
	@until nc -z localhost 3128 && nc -z localhost 3129; do sleep 1; done
	@echo "Proxy servers are ready, waiting additional 5 seconds for full startup..."
	@sleep 5
	@echo "Checking proxy server status..."
	@cd proxy && docker compose ps
	@echo "Checking proxy server logs..."
	@cd proxy && docker compose logs --tail=20
	@echo "Running proxy tests..."
	./test_proxy; \
	exit_code=$$?; \
	echo "Stopping proxy server..."; \
	cd proxy && docker compose down; \
	exit $$exit_code

proxy_mbedtls : test_proxy_mbedtls
	@echo "Starting proxy server..."
	cd proxy && \
	docker compose up -d
	@echo "Waiting for proxy to be ready..."
	@until nc -z localhost 3128 && nc -z localhost 3129; do sleep 1; done
	@echo "Proxy servers are ready, waiting additional 5 seconds for full startup..."
	@sleep 5
	@echo "Checking proxy server status..."
	@cd proxy && docker compose ps
	@echo "Checking proxy server logs..."
	@cd proxy && docker compose logs --tail=20
	@echo "Running proxy tests (Mbed TLS)..."
	./test_proxy_mbedtls; \
	exit_code=$$?; \
	echo "Stopping proxy server..."; \
	cd proxy && docker compose down; \
	exit $$exit_code

proxy_wolfssl : test_proxy_wolfssl
	@echo "Starting proxy server..."
	cd proxy && \
	docker compose up -d
	@echo "Waiting for proxy to be ready..."
	@until nc -z localhost 3128 && nc -z localhost 3129; do sleep 1; done
	@echo "Proxy servers are ready, waiting additional 5 seconds for full startup..."
	@sleep 5
	@echo "Checking proxy server status..."
	@cd proxy && docker compose ps
	@echo "Checking proxy server logs..."
	@cd proxy && docker compose logs --tail=20
	@echo "Running proxy tests (wolfSSL)..."
	./test_proxy_wolfssl; \
	exit_code=$$?; \
	echo "Stopping proxy server..."; \
	cd proxy && docker compose down; \
	exit $$exit_code

test : test.cc include_httplib.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc include_httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS)
	@file $@

# Note: The intention of test_split is to verify that it works to compile and
# link the split httplib.h, so there is normally no need to execute it.
test_split : test.cc ../httplib.h httplib.cc Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS)

# Mbed TLS backend targets
test_mbedtls : test.cc include_httplib.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc include_httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS_MBEDTLS)
	@file $@

test_split_mbedtls : test.cc ../httplib.h httplib.cc Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS_MBEDTLS)

# wolfSSL backend targets
test_wolfssl : test.cc include_httplib.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc include_httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS_WOLFSSL)
	@file $@

test_split_wolfssl : test.cc ../httplib.h httplib.cc Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS_WOLFSSL)

# No TLS
test_no_tls : test.cc include_httplib.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc include_httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS_NO_TLS)
	@file $@

test_split_no_tls : test.cc ../httplib.h httplib.cc Makefile
	$(CXX) -o $@ $(CXXFLAGS) test.cc httplib.cc $(TEST_ARGS_NO_TLS)

# ThreadPool unit tests (no TLS, no compression needed)
test_thread_pool : test_thread_pool.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test_thread_pool.cc gtest/src/gtest-all.cc gtest/src/gtest_main.cc -Igtest -Igtest/include -lpthread

check_abi:
	@./check-shared-library-abi-compatibility.sh

.PHONY: style_check
style_check: $(STYLE_CHECK_FILES)
	@for file in $(STYLE_CHECK_FILES); do \
		$(CLANG_FORMAT) $$file > $$file.formatted; \
		if ! diff -u $$file $$file.formatted; then \
			file2=$$($(REALPATH) --relative-to=.. $$file); \
			printf "\n%*s\n" 80 | tr ' ' '#'; \
			printf "##%*s##\n" 76; \
			printf "##   %-70s   ##\n" "$$file2 not properly formatted. Please run clang-format."; \
			printf "##%*s##\n" 76; \
			printf "%*s\n\n" 80 | tr ' ' '#'; \
			failed=1; \
		fi; \
		rm -f $$file.formatted; \
	done; \
	if [ -n "$$failed" ]; then \
		echo "Style check failed for one or more files. See above for details."; \
		false; \
	else \
		echo "All files are properly formatted."; \
	fi

BENCHMARK_LIBS = -lpthread
ifneq ($(OS), Windows_NT)
	ifeq ($(shell uname -s), Darwin)
		BENCHMARK_LIBS += -framework CoreFoundation -framework CFNetwork
	endif
endif

test_benchmark : test_benchmark.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test_benchmark.cc gtest/src/gtest-all.cc gtest/src/gtest_main.cc -Igtest -Igtest/include $(BENCHMARK_LIBS)

test_websocket_heartbeat : test_websocket_heartbeat.cc ../httplib.h Makefile
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test_websocket_heartbeat.cc $(TEST_ARGS)
	@file $@

test_proxy : test_proxy.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test_proxy.cc $(TEST_ARGS)

test_proxy_mbedtls : test_proxy.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test_proxy.cc $(TEST_ARGS_MBEDTLS)

test_proxy_wolfssl : test_proxy.cc ../httplib.h Makefile cert.pem
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) test_proxy.cc $(TEST_ARGS_WOLFSSL)

# Runs server_fuzzer.cc based on value of $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE).
# Usage: make fuzz_test LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE=/path/to/libFuzzer
fuzz_test: server_fuzzer
	./server_fuzzer fuzzing/corpus/*

# Fuzz target, so that you can choose which $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) to use.
server_fuzzer : fuzzing/server_fuzzer.cc ../httplib.h standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) $< $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT) $(ZLIB_SUPPORT) $(BROTLI_SUPPORT) $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) $(ZSTD_SUPPORT) $(LIBS)
	@file $@

# Standalone fuzz runner, which just reads inputs from fuzzing/corpus/ dir and
# feeds it to server_fuzzer.
standalone_fuzz_target_runner.o : fuzzing/standalone_fuzz_target_runner.cpp
	$(CXX) -o $@ -I.. $(CXXFLAGS) -c $<

httplib.cc : ../httplib.h
	python3 ../split.py -o .

cert.pem:
	./gen-certs.sh

clean:
	rm -rf test test_split test_mbedtls test_split_mbedtls test_wolfssl test_split_wolfssl test_no_tls, test_split_no_tls test_proxy test_proxy_mbedtls test_proxy_wolfssl test_benchmark server_fuzzer *.pem *.0 *.o *.1 *.srl httplib.h httplib.cc _build* *.dSYM *_shard_*.log cpp-httplib



================================================
FILE: test/ca-bundle.crt
================================================
##
## Bundle of CA Root Certificates
##
## Certificate data from Mozilla as of: Tue Jan 22 14:14:40 2019 GMT
##
## This is a bundle of X.509 certificates of public Certificate Authorities
## (CA). These were automatically extracted from Mozilla's root certificates
## file (certdata.txt).  This file can be found in the mozilla source tree:
## https://hg.mozilla.org/releases/mozilla-release/raw-file/default/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt
##
## It contains the certificates in PEM format and therefore
## can be directly used with curl / libcurl / php_curl, or with
## an Apache+mod_ssl webserver for SSL client authentication.
## Just configure this file as the SSLCACertificateFile.
##
## Conversion done with mk-ca-bundle.pl version 1.27.
## SHA256: 18372117493b5b7ec006c31d966143fc95a9464a2b5f8d5188e23c5557b2292d
##


GlobalSign Root CA
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign Root CA - R2
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Verisign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3
============================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust.net Premium 2048 Secure Server CA
=========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Baltimore CyberTrust Root
=========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AddTrust External Root
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust Root Certification Authority
====================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIEkTCCA3mgAwIBAgIERWtQVDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBsDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFjAUBgNV
BAoTDUVudHJ1c3QsIEluYy4xOTA3BgNVBAsTMHd3dy5lbnRydXN0Lm5ldC9DUFMgaXMgaW5jb3Jw
b3JhdGVkIGJ5IHJlZmVyZW5jZTEfMB0GA1UECxMWKGMpIDIwMDYgRW50cnVzdCwgSW5jLjEtMCsG
A1UEAxMkRW50cnVzdCBSb290IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MB4XDTA2MTEyNzIwMjM0
MloXDTI2MTEyNzIwNTM0MlowgbAxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRYwFAYDVQQKEw1FbnRydXN0LCBJbmMu
MTkwNwYDVQQLEzB3d3cuZW50cnVzdC5uZXQvQ1BTIGlzIGluY29ycG9yYXRlZCBieSByZWZlcmVu
Y2UxHzAdBgNVBAsTFihjKSAyMDA2IEVudHJ1c3QsIEluYy4xLTArBgNVBAMTJEVudHJ1c3QgUm9v
dCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEB
ALaVtkNC+sZtKm9I35RMOVcF7sN5EUFoNu3s/poBj6E4KPz3EEZmLk0eGrEaTsbRwJWIsMn/MYsz
A9u3g3s+IIRe7bJWKKf44LlAcTfFy0cOlypowCKVYhXbR9n10Cv/gkvJrT7eTNuQgFA/CYqEAOww
Cj0Yzfv9KlmaI5UXLEWeH25DeW0MXJj+SKfFI0dcXv1u5x609mhF0YaDW6KKjbHjKYD+JXGIrb68
j6xSlkuqUY3kEzEZ6E5Nn9uss2rVvDlUccp6en+Q3X0dgNmBu1kmwhH+5pPi94DkZfs0Nw4pgHBN
rziGLp5/V6+eF67rHMsoIV+2HNjnogQi+dPa2MsCAwEAAaOBsDCBrTAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYw
DwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zArBgNVHRAEJDAigA8yMDA2MTEyNzIwMjM0MlqBDzIwMjYxMTI3MjA1
MzQyWjAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBRokORnpKZTgMeGZqTx90tD+4S9bTAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUaJDkZ6SmU4DH
hmak8fdLQ/uEvW0wHQYJKoZIhvZ9B0EABBAwDhsIVjcuMTo0LjADAgSQMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUA
A4IBAQCT1DCw1wMgKtD5Y+iRDAUgqV8ZyntyTtSx29CW+1RaGSwMCPeyvIWonX9tO1KzKtvn1ISM
Y/YPyyYBkVBs9F8U4pN0wBOeMDpQ47RgxRzwIkSNcUesyBrJ6ZuaAGAT/3B+XxFNSRuzFVJ7yVTa
v52Vr2ua2J7p8eRDjeIRRDq/r72DQnNSi6q7pynP9WQcCk3RvKqsnyrQ/39/2n3qse0wJcGE2jTS
W3iDVuycNsMm4hH2Z0kdkquM++v/eu6FSqdQgPCnXEqULl8FmTxSQeDNtGPPAUO6nIPcj2A781q0
tHuu2guQOHXvgR1m0vdXcDazv/wor3ElhVsT/h5/WrQ8
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Global CA
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Universal CA
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Universal CA 2
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Comodo AAA Services root
========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 2
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 3
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Security Communication Root CA
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Sonera Class 2 Root CA
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

XRamp Global CA Root
====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Go Daddy Class 2 CA
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Starfield Class 2 CA
====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Taiwan GRCA
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Assured ID Root CA
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Global Root CA
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certplus Class 2 Primary CA
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DST Root CA X3
==============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SwissSign Gold CA - G2
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFujCCA6KgAwIBAgIJALtAHEP1Xk+wMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMEUxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkNIMRUw
EwYDVQQKEwxTd2lzc1NpZ24gQUcxHzAdBgNVBAMTFlN3aXNzU2lnbiBHb2xkIENBIC0gRzIwHhcN
MDYxMDI1MDgzMDM1WhcNMzYxMDI1MDgzMDM1WjBFMQswCQYDVQQGEwJDSDEVMBMGA1UEChMMU3dp
c3NTaWduIEFHMR8wHQYDVQQDExZTd2lzc1NpZ24gR29sZCBDQSAtIEcyMIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0B
AQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAr+TufoskDhJuqVAtFkQ7kpJcyrhdhJJCEyq8ZVeCQD5XJM1QiyUq
t2/876LQwB8CJEoTlo8jE+YoWACjR8cGp4QjK7u9lit/VcyLwVcfDmJlD909Vopz2q5+bbqBHH5C
jCA12UNNhPqE21Is8w4ndwtrvxEvcnifLtg+5hg3Wipy+dpikJKVyh+c6bM8K8vzARO/Ws/BtQpg
vd21mWRTuKCWs2/iJneRjOBiEAKfNA+k1ZIzUd6+jbqEemA8atufK+ze3gE/bk3lUIbLtK/tREDF
ylqM2tIrfKjuvqblCqoOpd8FUrdVxyJdMmqXl2MT28nbeTZ7hTpKxVKJ+STnnXepgv9VHKVxaSvR
AiTysybUa9oEVeXBCsdtMDeQKuSeFDNeFhdVxVu1yzSJkvGdJo+hB9TGsnhQ2wwMC3wLjEHXuend
jIj3o02yMszYF9rNt85mndT9Xv+9lz4pded+p2JYryU0pUHHPbwNUMoDAw8IWh+Vc3hiv69yFGkO
peUDDniOJihC8AcLYiAQZzlG+qkDzAQ4embvIIO1jEpWjpEA/I5cgt6IoMPiaG59je883WX0XaxR
7ySArqpWl2/5rX3aYT+YdzylkbYcjCbaZaIJbcHiVOO5ykxMgI93e2CaHt+28kgeDrpOVG2Y4OGi
GqJ3UM/EY5LsRxmd6+ZrzsECAwEAAaOBrDCBqTAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUw
AwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUWyV7lqRlUX64OfPAeGZe6Drn8O4wHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUWyV7lqRlUX64
OfPAeGZe6Drn8O4wRgYDVR0gBD8wPTA7BglghXQBWQECAQEwLjAsBggrBgEFBQcCARYgaHR0cDov
L3JlcG9zaXRvcnkuc3dpc3NzaWduLmNvbS8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggIBACe645R88a7A3hfm
5djV9VSwg/S7zV4Fe0+fdWavPOhWfvxyeDgD2StiGwC5+OlgzczOUYrHUDFu4Up+GC9pWbY9ZIEr
44OE5iKHjn3g7gKZYbge9LgriBIWhMIxkziWMaa5O1M/wySTVltpkuzFwbs4AOPsF6m43Md8AYOf
Mke6UiI0HTJ6CVanfCU2qT1L2sCCbwq7EsiHSycR+R4tx5M/nttfJmtS2S6K8RTGRI0Vqbe/vd6m
Gu6uLftIdxf+u+yvGPUqUfA5hJeVbG4bwyvEdGB5JbAKJ9/fXtI5z0V9QkvfsywexcZdylU6oJxp
mo/a77KwPJ+HbBIrZXAVUjEaJM9vMSNQH4xPjyPDdEFjHFWoFN0+4FFQz/EbMFYOkrCChdiDyyJk
vC24JdVUorgG6q2SpCSgwYa1ShNqR88uC1aVVMvOmttqtKay20EIhid392qgQmwLOM7XdVAyksLf
KzAiSNDVQTglXaTpXZ/GlHXQRf0wl0OPkKsKx4ZzYEppLd6leNcG2mqeSz53OiATIgHQv2ieY2Br
NU0LbbqhPcCT4H8js1WtciVORvnSFu+wZMEBnunKoGqYDs/YYPIvSbjkQuE4NRb0yG5P94FW6Lqj
viOvrv1vA+ACOzB2+httQc8Bsem4yWb02ybzOqR08kkkW8mw0FfB+j564ZfJ
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SwissSign Silver CA - G2
========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFvTCCA6WgAwIBAgIITxvUL1S7L0swDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwRzELMAkGA1UEBhMCQ0gxFTAT
BgNVBAoTDFN3aXNzU2lnbiBBRzEhMB8GA1UEAxMYU3dpc3NTaWduIFNpbHZlciBDQSAtIEcyMB4X
DTA2MTAyNTA4MzI0NloXDTM2MTAyNTA4MzI0NlowRzELMAkGA1UEBhMCQ0gxFTATBgNVBAoTDFN3
aXNzU2lnbiBBRzEhMB8GA1UEAxMYU3dpc3NTaWduIFNpbHZlciBDQSAtIEcyMIICIjANBgkqhkiG
9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAxPGHf9N4Mfc4yfjDmUO8x/e8N+dOcbpLj6VzHVxumK4DV644
N0MvFz0fyM5oEMF4rhkDKxD6LHmD9ui5aLlV8gREpzn5/ASLHvGiTSf5YXu6t+WiE7brYT7QbNHm
+/pe7R20nqA1W6GSy/BJkv6FCgU+5tkL4k+73JU3/JHpMjUi0R86TieFnbAVlDLaYQ1HTWBCrpJH
6INaUFjpiou5XaHc3ZlKHzZnu0jkg7Y360g6rw9njxcH6ATK72oxh9TAtvmUcXtnZLi2kUpCe2Uu
MGoM9ZDulebyzYLs2aFK7PayS+VFheZteJMELpyCbTapxDFkH4aDCyr0NQp4yVXPQbBH6TCfmb5h
qAaEuSh6XzjZG6k4sIN/c8HDO0gqgg8hm7jMqDXDhBuDsz6+pJVpATqJAHgE2cn0mRmrVn5bi4Y5
FZGkECwJMoBgs5PAKrYYC51+jUnyEEp/+dVGLxmSo5mnJqy7jDzmDrxHB9xzUfFwZC8I+bRHHTBs
ROopN4WSaGa8gzj+ezku01DwH/teYLappvonQfGbGHLy9YR0SslnxFSuSGTfjNFusB3hB48IHpmc
celM2KX3RxIfdNFRnobzwqIjQAtz20um53MGjMGg6cFZrEb65i/4z3GcRm25xBWNOHkDRUjvxF3X
CO6HOSKGsg0PWEP3calILv3q1h8CAwEAAaOBrDCBqTAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwDwYDVR0TAQH/
BAUwAwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUF6DNweRBtjpbO8tFnb0cwpj6hlgwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUF6DNweRB
tjpbO8tFnb0cwpj6hlgwRgYDVR0gBD8wPTA7BglghXQBWQEDAQEwLjAsBggrBgEFBQcCARYgaHR0
cDovL3JlcG9zaXRvcnkuc3dpc3NzaWduLmNvbS8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggIBAHPGgeAn0i0P
4JUw4ppBf1AsX19iYamGamkYDHRJ1l2E6kFSGG9YrVBWIGrGvShpWJHckRE1qTodvBqlYJ7YH39F
kWnZfrt4csEGDyrOj4VwYaygzQu4OSlWhDJOhrs9xCrZ1x9y7v5RoSJBsXECYxqCsGKrXlcSH9/L
3XWgwF15kIwb4FDm3jH+mHtwX6WQ2K34ArZv02DdQEsixT2tOnqfGhpHkXkzuoLcMmkDlm4fS/Bx
/uNncqCxv1yL5PqZIseEuRuNI5c/7SXgz2W79WEE790eslpBIlqhn10s6FvJbakMDHiqYMZWjwFa
DGi8aRl5xB9+lwW/xekkUV7U1UtT7dkjWjYDZaPBA61BMPNGG4WQr2W11bHkFlt4dR2Xem1ZqSqP
e97Dh4kQmUlzeMg9vVE1dCrV8X5pGyq7O70luJpaPXJhkGaH7gzWTdQRdAtq/gsD/KNVV4n+Ssuu
WxcFyPKNIzFTONItaj+CuY0IavdeQXRuwxF+B6wpYJE/OMpXEA29MC/HpeZBoNquBYeaoKRlbEwJ
DIm6uNO5wJOKMPqN5ZprFQFOZ6raYlY+hAhm0sQ2fac+EPyI4NSA5QC9qvNOBqN6avlicuMJT+ub
DgEj8Z+7fNzcbBGXJbLytGMU0gYqZ4yD9c7qB9iaah7s5Aq7KkzrCWA5zspi2C5u
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Primary Certification Authority
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDfDCCAmSgAwIBAgIQGKy1av1pthU6Y2yv2vrEoTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBYMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEWMBQGA1UEChMNR2VvVHJ1c3QgSW5jLjExMC8GA1UEAxMoR2VvVHJ1c3QgUHJpbWFyeSBD
ZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0eTAeFw0wNjExMjcwMDAwMDBaFw0zNjA3MTYyMzU5NTlaMFgx
CzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRYwFAYDVQQKEw1HZW9UcnVzdCBJbmMuMTEwLwYDVQQDEyhHZW9UcnVzdCBQ
cmltYXJ5IENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9yaXR5MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIB
CgKCAQEAvrgVe//UfH1nrYNke8hCUy3f9oQIIGHWAVlqnEQRr+92/ZV+zmEwu3qDXwK9AWbK7hWN
b6EwnL2hhZ6UOvNWiAAxz9juapYC2e0DjPt1befquFUWBRaa9OBesYjAZIVcFU2Ix7e64HXprQU9
nceJSOC7KMgD4TCTZF5SwFlwIjVXiIrxlQqD17wxcwE07e9GceBrAqg1cmuXm2bgyxx5X9gaBGge
RwLmnWDiNpcB3841kt++Z8dtd1k7j53WkBWUvEI0EME5+bEnPn7WinXFsq+W06Lem+SYvn3h6YGt
tm/81w7a4DSwDRp35+MImO9Y+pyEtzavwt+s0vQQBnBxNQIDAQABo0IwQDAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTAD
AQH/MA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAdBgNVHQ4EFgQULNVQQZcVi/CPNmFbSvtr2ZnJM5IwDQYJKoZI
hvcNAQEFBQADggEBAFpwfyzdtzRP9YZRqSa+S7iq8XEN3GHHoOo0Hnp3DwQ16CePbJC/kRYkRj5K
Ts4rFtULUh38H2eiAkUxT87z+gOneZ1TatnaYzr4gNfTmeGl4b7UVXGYNTq+k+qurUKykG/g/CFN
NWMziUnWm07Kx+dOCQD32sfvmWKZd7aVIl6KoKv0uHiYyjgZmclynnjNS6yvGaBzEi38wkG6gZHa
Floxt/m0cYASSJlyc1pZU8FjUjPtp8nSOQJw+uCxQmYpqptR7TBUIhRf2asdweSU8Pj1K/fqynhG
1riR/aYNKxoUAT6A8EKglQdebc3MS6RFjasS6LPeWuWgfOgPIh1a6Vk=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

thawte Primary Root CA
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIEIDCCAwigAwIBAgIQNE7VVyDV7exJ9C/ON9srbTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCBqTELMAkGA1UE
BhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDHRoYXd0ZSwgSW5jLjEoMCYGA1UECxMfQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlvbiBTZXJ2
aWNlcyBEaXZpc2lvbjE4MDYGA1UECxMvKGMpIDIwMDYgdGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuIC0gRm9yIGF1dGhv
cml6ZWQgdXNlIG9ubHkxHzAdBgNVBAMTFnRoYXd0ZSBQcmltYXJ5IFJvb3QgQ0EwHhcNMDYxMTE3
MDAwMDAwWhcNMzYwNzE2MjM1OTU5WjCBqTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDHRoYXd0ZSwg
SW5jLjEoMCYGA1UECxMfQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlvbiBTZXJ2aWNlcyBEaXZpc2lvbjE4MDYGA1UECxMv
KGMpIDIwMDYgdGhhd3RlLCBJbmMuIC0gRm9yIGF1dGhvcml6ZWQgdXNlIG9ubHkxHzAdBgNVBAMT
FnRoYXd0ZSBQcmltYXJ5IFJvb3QgQ0EwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQCs
oPD7gFnUnMekz52hWXMJEEUMDSxuaPFsW0hoSVk3/AszGcJ3f8wQLZU0HObrTQmnHNK4yZc2AreJ
1CRfBsDMRJSUjQJib+ta3RGNKJpchJAQeg29dGYvajig4tVUROsdB58Hum/u6f1OCyn1PoSgAfGc
q/gcfomk6KHYcWUNo1F77rzSImANuVud37r8UVsLr5iy6S7pBOhih94ryNdOwUxkHt3Ph1i6Sk/K
aAcdHJ1KxtUvkcx8cXIcxcBn6zL9yZJclNqFwJu/U30rCfSMnZEfl2pSy94JNqR32HuHUETVPm4p
afs5SSYeCaWAe0At6+gnhcn+Yf1+5nyXHdWdAgMBAAGjQjBAMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYD
VR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBR7W0XPr87Lev0xkhpqtvNG61dIUDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUF
AAOCAQEAeRHAS7ORtvzw6WfUDW5FvlXok9LOAz/t2iWwHVfLHjp2oEzsUHboZHIMpKnxuIvW1oeE
uzLlQRHAd9mzYJ3rG9XRbkREqaYB7FViHXe4XI5ISXycO1cRrK1zN44veFyQaEfZYGDm/Ac9IiAX
xPcW6cTYcvnIc3zfFi8VqT79aie2oetaupgf1eNNZAqdE8hhuvU5HIe6uL17In/2/qxAeeWsEG89
jxt5dovEN7MhGITlNgDrYyCZuen+MwS7QcjBAvlEYyCegc5C09Y/LHbTY5xZ3Y+m4Q6gLkH3LpVH
z7z9M/P2C2F+fpErgUfCJzDupxBdN49cOSvkBPB7jVaMaA==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
============================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SecureTrust CA
==============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Secure Global CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

COMODO Certification Authority
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Network Solutions Certificate Authority
=======================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

COMODO ECC Certification Authority
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

OISTE WISeKey Global Root GA CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certigna
========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Deutsche Telekom Root CA 2
==========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Cybertrust Global Root
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

ePKI Root Certification Authority
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

certSIGN ROOT CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDODCCAiCgAwIBAgIGIAYFFnACMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMDsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlJPMREwDwYD
VQQKEwhjZXJ0U0lHTjEZMBcGA1UECxMQY2VydFNJR04gUk9PVCBDQTAeFw0wNjA3MDQxNzIwMDRa
Fw0zMTA3MDQxNzIwMDRaMDsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlJPMREwDwYDVQQKEwhjZXJ0U0lHTjEZMBcGA1UE
CxMQY2VydFNJR04gUk9PVCBDQTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBALczuX7I
JUqOtdu0KBuqV5Do0SLTZLrTk+jUrIZhQGpgV2hUhE28alQCBf/fm5oqrl0Hj0rDKH/v+yv6efHH
rfAQUySQi2bJqIirr1qjAOm+ukbuW3N7LBeCgV5iLKECZbO9xSsAfsT8AzNXDe3i+s5dRdY4zTW2
ssHQnIFKquSyAVwdj1+ZxLGt24gh65AIgoDzMKND5pCCrlUoSe1b16kQOA7+j0xbm0bqQfWwCHTD
0IgztnzXdN/chNFDDnU5oSVAKOp4yw4sLjmdjItuFhwvJoIQ4uNllAoEwF73XVv4EOLQunpL+943
AAAaWyjj0pxzPjKHmKHJUS/X3qwzs08CAwEAAaNCMEAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNVHQ8B
Af8EBAMCAcYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFOCMm9slSbPxfIbWskKHC9BroNnkMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IB
AQA+0hyJLjX8+HXd5n9liPRyTMks1zJO890ZeUe9jjtbkw9QSSQTaxQGcu8J06Gh40CEyecYMnQ8
SG4Pn0vU9x7Tk4ZkVJdjclDVVc/6IJMCopvDI5NOFlV2oHB5bc0hH88vLbwZ44gx+FkagQnIl6Z0
x2DEW8xXjrJ1/RsCCdtZb3KTafcxQdaIOL+Hsr0Wefmq5L6IJd1hJyMctTEHBDa0GpC9oHRxUIlt
vBTjD4au8as+x6AJzKNI0eDbZOeStc+vckNwi/nDhDwTqn6Sm1dTk/pwwpEOMfmbZ13pljheX7Nz
TogVZ96edhBiIL5VaZVDADlN9u6wWk5JRFRYX0KD
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Primary Certification Authority - G3
=============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

thawte Primary Root CA - G2
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

thawte Primary Root CA - G3
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GeoTrust Primary Certification Authority - G2
=============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

VeriSign Universal Root Certification Authority
===============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G4
============================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

NetLock Arany (Class Gold) Főtanúsítvány
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Staat der Nederlanden Root CA - G2
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFyjCCA7KgAwIBAgIEAJiWjDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBaMQswCQYDVQQGEwJOTDEeMBwGA1UE
CgwVU3RhYXQgZGVyIE5lZGVybGFuZGVuMSswKQYDVQQDDCJTdGFhdCBkZXIgTmVkZXJsYW5kZW4g
Um9vdCBDQSAtIEcyMB4XDTA4MDMyNjExMTgxN1oXDTIwMDMyNTExMDMxMFowWjELMAkGA1UEBhMC
TkwxHjAcBgNVBAoMFVN0YWF0IGRlciBOZWRlcmxhbmRlbjErMCkGA1UEAwwiU3RhYXQgZGVyIE5l
ZGVybGFuZGVuIFJvb3QgQ0EgLSBHMjCCAiIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIPADCCAgoCggIBAMVZ
5291qj5LnLW4rJ4L5PnZyqtdj7U5EILXr1HgO+EASGrP2uEGQxGZqhQlEq0i6ABtQ8SpuOUfiUtn
vWFI7/3S4GCI5bkYYCjDdyutsDeqN95kWSpGV+RLufg3fNU254DBtvPUZ5uW6M7XxgpT0GtJlvOj
CwV3SPcl5XCsMBQgJeN/dVrlSPhOewMHBPqCYYdu8DvEpMfQ9XQ+pV0aCPKbJdL2rAQmPlU6Yiil
e7Iwr/g3wtG61jj99O9JMDeZJiFIhQGp5Rbn3JBV3w/oOM2ZNyFPXfUib2rFEhZgF1XyZWampzCR
OME4HYYEhLoaJXhena/MUGDWE4dS7WMfbWV9whUYdMrhfmQpjHLYFhN9C0lK8SgbIHRrxT3dsKpI
CT0ugpTNGmXZK4iambwYfp/ufWZ8Pr2UuIHOzZgweMFvZ9C+X+Bo7d7iscksWXiSqt8rYGPy5V65
48r6f1CGPqI0GAwJaCgRHOThuVw+R7oyPxjMW4T182t0xHJ04eOLoEq9jWYv6q012iDTiIJh8BIi
trzQ1aTsr1SIJSQ8p22xcik/Plemf1WvbibG/ufMQFxRRIEKeN5KzlW/HdXZt1bv8Hb/C3m1r737
qWmRRpdogBQ2HbN/uymYNqUg+oJgYjOk7Na6B6duxc8UpufWkjTYgfX8HV2qXB72o007uPc5AgMB
AAGjgZcwgZQwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zBSBgNVHSAESzBJMEcGBFUdIAAwPzA9BggrBgEFBQcC
ARYxaHR0cDovL3d3dy5wa2lvdmVyaGVpZC5ubC9wb2xpY2llcy9yb290LXBvbGljeS1HMjAOBgNV
HQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFJFoMocVHYnitfGsNig0jQt8YojrMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA
A4ICAQCoQUpnKpKBglBu4dfYszk78wIVCVBR7y29JHuIhjv5tLySCZa59sCrI2AGeYwRTlHSeYAz
+51IvuxBQ4EffkdAHOV6CMqqi3WtFMTC6GY8ggen5ieCWxjmD27ZUD6KQhgpxrRW/FYQoAUXvQwj
f/ST7ZwaUb7dRUG/kSS0H4zpX897IZmflZ85OkYcbPnNe5yQzSipx6lVu6xiNGI1E0sUOlWDuYaN
kqbG9AclVMwWVxJKgnjIFNkXgiYtXSAfea7+1HAWFpWD2DU5/1JddRwWxRNVz0fMdWVSSt7wsKfk
CpYL+63C4iWEst3kvX5ZbJvw8NjnyvLplzh+ib7M+zkXYT9y2zqR2GUBGR2tUKRXCnxLvJxxcypF
URmFzI79R6d0lR2o0a9OF7FpJsKqeFdbxU2n5Z4FF5TKsl+gSRiNNOkmbEgeqmiSBeGCc1qb3Adb
CG19ndeNIdn8FCCqwkXfP+cAslHkwvgFuXkajDTznlvkN1trSt8sV4pAWja63XVECDdCcAz+3F4h
oKOKwJCcaNpQ5kUQR3i2TtJlycM33+FCY7BXN0Ute4qcvwXqZVUz9zkQxSgqIXobisQk+T8VyJoV
IPVVYpbtbZNQvOSqeK3Zywplh6ZmwcSBo3c6WB4L7oOLnR7SUqTMHW+wmG2UMbX4cQrcufx9MmDm
66+KAQ==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hongkong Post Root CA 1
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDMDCCAhigAwIBAgICA+gwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwRzELMAkGA1UEBhMCSEsxFjAUBgNVBAoT
DUhvbmdrb25nIFBvc3QxIDAeBgNVBAMTF0hvbmdrb25nIFBvc3QgUm9vdCBDQSAxMB4XDTAzMDUx
NTA1MTMxNFoXDTIzMDUxNTA0NTIyOVowRzELMAkGA1UEBhMCSEsxFjAUBgNVBAoTDUhvbmdrb25n
IFBvc3QxIDAeBgNVBAMTF0hvbmdrb25nIFBvc3QgUm9vdCBDQSAxMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEF
AAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEArP84tulmAknjorThkPlAj3n54r15/gK97iSSHSL22oVyaf7XPwnU3ZG1
ApzQjVrhVcNQhrkpJsLj2aDxaQMoIIBFIi1WpztUlVYiWR8o3x8gPW2iNr4joLFutbEnPzlTCeqr
auh0ssJlXI6/fMN4hM2eFvz1Lk8gKgifd/PFHsSaUmYeSF7jEAaPIpjhZY4bXSNmO7ilMlHIhqqh
qZ5/dpTCpmy3QfDVyAY45tQM4vM7TG1QjMSDJ8EThFk9nnV0ttgCXjqQesBCNnLsak3c78QA3xMY
V18meMjWCnl3v/evt3a5pQuEF10Q6m/hq5URX208o1xNg1vysxmKgIsLhwIDAQABoyYwJDASBgNV
HRMBAf8ECDAGAQH/AgEDMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBxjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFAAOCAQEADkbVPK7i
h9legYsCmEEIjEy82tvuJxuC52pF7BaLT4Wg87JwvVqWuspube5Gi27nKi6Wsxkz67SfqLI37pio
l7Yutmcn1KZJ/RyTZXaeQi/cImyaT/JaFTmxcdcrUehtHJjA2Sr0oYJ71clBoiMBdDhViw+5Lmei
IAQ32pwL0xch4I+XeTRvhEgCIDMb5jREn5Fw9IBehEPCKdJsEhTkYY2sEJCehFC78JZvRZ+K88ps
T/oROhUVRsPNH4NbLUES7VBnQRM9IauUiqpOfMGx+6fWtScvl6tu4B3i0RwsH0Ti/L6RoZz71ilT
c4afU9hDDl3WY4JxHYB0yvbiAmvZWg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SecureSign RootCA11
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDbTCCAlWgAwIBAgIBATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBYMQswCQYDVQQGEwJKUDErMCkGA1UEChMi
SmFwYW4gQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlvbiBTZXJ2aWNlcywgSW5jLjEcMBoGA1UEAxMTU2VjdXJlU2lnbiBS
b290Q0ExMTAeFw0wOTA0MDgwNDU2NDdaFw0yOTA0MDgwNDU2NDdaMFgxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkpQMSsw
KQYDVQQKEyJKYXBhbiBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIFNlcnZpY2VzLCBJbmMuMRwwGgYDVQQDExNTZWN1
cmVTaWduIFJvb3RDQTExMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA/XeqpRyQBTvL
TJszi1oURaTnkBbR31fSIRCkF/3frNYfp+TbfPfs37gD2pRY/V1yfIw/XwFndBWW4wI8h9uuywGO
wvNmxoVF9ALGOrVisq/6nL+k5tSAMJjzDbaTj6nU2DbysPyKyiyhFTOVMdrAG/LuYpmGYz+/3ZMq
g6h2uRMft85OQoWPIucuGvKVCbIFtUROd6EgvanyTgp9UK31BQ1FT0Zx/Sg+U/sE2C3XZR1KG/rP
O7AxmjVuyIsG0wCR8pQIZUyxNAYAeoni8McDWc/V1uinMrPmmECGxc0nEovMe863ETxiYAcjPitA
bpSACW22s293bzUIUPsCh8U+iQIDAQABo0IwQDAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUW/hNT7KlhtQ60vFjmqC+CfZX
t94wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAKCh
OBZmLqdWHyGcBvod7bkixTgm2E5P7KN/ed5GIaGHd48HCJqypMWvDzKYC3xmKbabfSVSSUOrTC4r
bnpwrxYO4wJs+0LmGJ1F2FXI6Dvd5+H0LgscNFxsWEr7jIhQX5Ucv+2rIrVls4W6ng+4reV6G4pQ
Oh29Dbx7VFALuUKvVaAYga1lme++5Jy/xIWrQbJUb9wlze144o4MjQlJ3WN7WmmWAiGovVJZ6X01
y8hSyn+B/tlr0/cR7SXf+Of5pPpyl4RTDaXQMhhRdlkUbA/r7F+AjHVDg8OFmP9Mni0N5HeDk061
lgeLKBObjBmNQSdJQO7e5iNEOdyhIta6A/I=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Microsec e-Szigno Root CA 2009
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIECjCCAvKgAwIBAgIJAMJ+QwRORz8ZMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGCMQswCQYDVQQGEwJIVTER
MA8GA1UEBwwIQnVkYXBlc3QxFjAUBgNVBAoMDU1pY3Jvc2VjIEx0ZC4xJzAlBgNVBAMMHk1pY3Jv
c2VjIGUtU3ppZ25vIFJvb3QgQ0EgMjAwOTEfMB0GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYQaW5mb0BlLXN6aWduby5o
dTAeFw0wOTA2MTYxMTMwMThaFw0yOTEyMzAxMTMwMThaMIGCMQswCQYDVQQGEwJIVTERMA8GA1UE
BwwIQnVkYXBlc3QxFjAUBgNVBAoMDU1pY3Jvc2VjIEx0ZC4xJzAlBgNVBAMMHk1pY3Jvc2VjIGUt
U3ppZ25vIFJvb3QgQ0EgMjAwOTEfMB0GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYQaW5mb0BlLXN6aWduby5odTCCASIw
DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAOn4j/NjrdqG2KfgQvvPkd6mJviZpWNwrZuuyjNA
fW2WbqEORO7hE52UQlKavXWFdCyoDh2Tthi3jCyoz/tccbna7P7ofo/kLx2yqHWH2Leh5TvPmUpG
0IMZfcChEhyVbUr02MelTTMuhTlAdX4UfIASmFDHQWe4oIBhVKZsTh/gnQ4H6cm6M+f+wFUoLAKA
pxn1ntxVUwOXewdI/5n7N4okxFnMUBBjjqqpGrCEGob5X7uxUG6k0QrM1XF+H6cbfPVTbiJfyyvm
1HxdrtbCxkzlBQHZ7Vf8wSN5/PrIJIOV87VqUQHQd9bpEqH5GoP7ghu5sJf0dgYzQ0mg/wu1+rUC
AwEAAaOBgDB+MA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTLD8bf
QkPMPcu1SCOhGnqmKrs0aDAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBTLD8bfQkPMPcu1SCOhGnqmKrs0aDAbBgNVHREE
FDASgRBpbmZvQGUtc3ppZ25vLmh1MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4IBAQDJ0Q5eLtXMs3w+y/w9/w0o
lZMEyL/azXm4Q5DwpL7v8u8hmLzU1F0G9u5C7DBsoKqpyvGvivo/C3NqPuouQH4frlRheesuCDfX
I/OMn74dseGkddug4lQUsbocKaQY9hK6ohQU4zE1yED/t+AFdlfBHFny+L/k7SViXITwfn4fs775
tyERzAMBVnCnEJIeGzSBHq2cGsMEPO0CYdYeBvNfOofyK/FFh+U9rNHHV4S9a67c2Pm2G2JwCz02
yULyMtd6YebS2z3PyKnJm9zbWETXbzivf3jTo60adbocwTZ8jx5tHMN1Rq41Bab2XD0h7lbwyYIi
LXpUq3DDfSJlgnCW
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign Root CA - R3
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Autoridad de Certificacion Firmaprofesional CIF A62634068
=========================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Izenpe.com
==========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIF8TCCA9mgAwIBAgIQALC3WhZIX7/hy/WL1xnmfTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADA4MQswCQYDVQQG
EwJFUzEUMBIGA1UECgwLSVpFTlBFIFMuQS4xEzARBgNVBAMMCkl6ZW5wZS5jb20wHhcNMDcxMjEz
MTMwODI4WhcNMzcxMjEzMDgyNzI1WjA4MQswCQYDVQQGEwJFUzEUMBIGA1UECgwLSVpFTlBFIFMu
QS4xEzARBgNVBAMMCkl6ZW5wZS5jb20wggIiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4ICDwAwggIKAoICAQDJ
03rKDx6sp4boFmVqscIbRTJxldn+EFvMr+eleQGPicPK8lVx93e+d5TzcqQsRNiekpsUOqHnJJAK
ClaOxdgmlOHZSOEtPtoKct2jmRXagaKH9HtuJneJWK3W6wyyQXpzbm3benhB6QiIEn6HLmYRY2xU
+zydcsC8Lv/Ct90NduM61/e0aL6i9eOBbsFGb12N4E3GVFWJGjMxCrFXuaOKmMPsOzTFlUFpfnXC
PCDFYbpRR6AgkJOhkEvzTnyFRVSa0QUmQbC1TR0zvsQDyCV8wXDbO/QJLVQnSKwv4cSsPsjLkkxT
OTcj7NMB+eAJRE1NZMDhDVqHIrytG6P+JrUV86f8hBnp7KGItERphIPzidF0BqnMC9bC3ieFUCbK
F7jJeodWLBoBHmy+E60QrLUk9TiRodZL2vG70t5HtfG8gfZZa88ZU+mNFctKy6lvROUbQc/hhqfK
0GqfvEyNBjNaooXlkDWgYlwWTvDjovoDGrQscbNYLN57C9saD+veIR8GdwYDsMnvmfzAuU8Lhij+
0rnq49qlw0dpEuDb8PYZi+17cNcC1u2HGCgsBCRMd+RIihrGO5rUD8r6ddIBQFqNeb+Lz0vPqhbB
leStTIo+F5HUsWLlguWABKQDfo2/2n+iD5dPDNMN+9fR5XJ+HMh3/1uaD7euBUbl8agW7EekFwID
AQABo4H2MIHzMIGwBgNVHREEgagwgaWBD2luZm9AaXplbnBlLmNvbaSBkTCBjjFHMEUGA1UECgw+
SVpFTlBFIFMuQS4gLSBDSUYgQTAxMzM3MjYwLVJNZXJjLlZpdG9yaWEtR2FzdGVpeiBUMTA1NSBG
NjIgUzgxQzBBBgNVBAkMOkF2ZGEgZGVsIE1lZGl0ZXJyYW5lbyBFdG9yYmlkZWEgMTQgLSAwMTAx
MCBWaXRvcmlhLUdhc3RlaXowDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwHQYDVR0O
BBYEFB0cZQ6o8iV7tJHP5LGx5r1VdGwFMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAA4ICAQB4pgwWSp9MiDrAyw6l
Fn2fuUhfGI8NYjb2zRlrrKvV9pF9rnHzP7MOeIWblaQnIUdCSnxIOvVFfLMMjlF4rJUT3sb9fbga
kEyrkgPH7UIBzg/YsfqikuFgba56awmqxinuaElnMIAkejEWOVt+8Rwu3WwJrfIxwYJOubv5vr8q
hT/AQKM6WfxZSzwoJNu0FXWuDYi6LnPAvViH5ULy617uHjAimcs30cQhbIHsvm0m5hzkQiCeR7Cs
g1lwLDXWrzY0tM07+DKo7+N4ifuNRSzanLh+QBxh5z6ikixL8s36mLYp//Pye6kfLqCTVyvehQP5
aTfLnnhqBbTFMXiJ7HqnheG5ezzevh55hM6fcA5ZwjUukCox2eRFekGkLhObNA5me0mrZJfQRsN5
nXJQY6aYWwa9SG3YOYNw6DXwBdGqvOPbyALqfP2C2sJbUjWumDqtujWTI6cfSN01RpiyEGjkpTHC
ClguGYEQyVB1/OpaFs4R1+7vUIgtYf8/QnMFlEPVjjxOAToZpR9GTnfQXeWBIiGH/pR9hNiTrdZo
Q0iy2+tzJOeRf1SktoA+naM8THLCV8Sg1Mw4J87VBp6iSNnpn86CcDaTmjvfliHjWbcM2pE38P1Z
WrOZyGlsQyYBNWNgVYkDOnXYukrZVP/u3oDYLdE41V4tC5h9Pmzb/CaIxw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Chambers of Commerce Root - 2008
================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIHTzCCBTegAwIBAgIJAKPaQn6ksa7aMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMIGuMQswCQYDVQQGEwJFVTFD
MEEGA1UEBxM6TWFkcmlkIChzZWUgY3VycmVudCBhZGRyZXNzIGF0IHd3dy5jYW1lcmZpcm1hLmNv
bS9hZGRyZXNzKTESMBAGA1UEBRMJQTgyNzQzMjg3MRswGQYDVQQKExJBQyBDYW1lcmZpcm1hIFMu
QS4xKTAnBgNVBAMTIENoYW1iZXJzIG9mIENvbW1lcmNlIFJvb3QgLSAyMDA4MB4XDTA4MDgwMTEy
Mjk1MFoXDTM4MDczMTEyMjk1MFowga4xCzAJBgNVBAYTAkVVMUMwQQYDVQQHEzpNYWRyaWQgKHNl
ZSBjdXJyZW50IGFkZHJlc3MgYXQgd3d3LmNhbWVyZmlybWEuY29tL2FkZHJlc3MpMRIwEAYDVQQF
EwlBODI3NDMyODcxGzAZBgNVBAoTEkFDIENhbWVyZmlybWEgUy5BLjEpMCcGA1UEAxMgQ2hhbWJl
cnMgb2YgQ29tbWVyY2UgUm9vdCAtIDIwMDgwggIiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4ICDwAwggIKAoIC
AQCvAMtwNyuAWko6bHiUfaN/Gh/2NdW928sNRHI+JrKQUrpjOyhYb6WzbZSm891kDFX29ufyIiKA
XuFixrYp4YFs8r/lfTJqVKAyGVn+H4vXPWCGhSRv4xGzdz4gljUha7MI2XAuZPeEklPWDrCQiorj
h40G072QDuKZoRuGDtqaCrsLYVAGUvGef3bsyw/QHg3PmTA9HMRFEFis1tPo1+XqxQEHd9ZR5gN/
ikilTWh1uem8nk4ZcfUyS5xtYBkL+8ydddy/Js2Pk3g5eXNeJQ7KXOt3EgfLZEFHcpOrUMPrCXZk
NNI5t3YRCQ12RcSprj1qr7V9ZS+UWBDsXHyvfuK2GNnQm05aSd+pZgvMPMZ4fKecHePOjlO+Bd5g
D2vlGts/4+EhySnB8esHnFIbAURRPHsl18TlUlRdJQfKFiC4reRB7noI/plvg6aRArBsNlVq5331
lubKgdaX8ZSD6e2wsWsSaR6s+12pxZjptFtYer49okQ6Y1nUCyXeG0+95QGezdIp1Z8XGQpvvwyQ
0wlf2eOKNcx5Wk0ZN5K3xMGtr/R5JJqyAQuxr1yW84Ay+1w9mPGgP0revq+ULtlVmhduYJ1jbLhj
ya6BXBg14JC7vjxPNyK5fuvPnnchpj04gftI2jE9K+OJ9dC1vX7gUMQSibMjmhAxhduub+84Mxh2
EQIDAQABo4IBbDCCAWgwEgYDVR0TAQH/BAgwBgEB/wIBDDAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU+SSsD7K1+HnA+mCI
G8TZTQKeFxkwgeMGA1UdIwSB2zCB2IAU+SSsD7K1+HnA+mCIG8TZTQKeFxmhgbSkgbEwga4xCzAJ
BgNVBAYTAkVVMUMwQQYDVQQHEzpNYWRyaWQgKHNlZSBjdXJyZW50IGFkZHJlc3MgYXQgd3d3LmNh
bWVyZmlybWEuY29tL2FkZHJlc3MpMRIwEAYDVQQFEwlBODI3NDMyODcxGzAZBgNVBAoTEkFDIENh
bWVyZmlybWEgUy5BLjEpMCcGA1UEAxMgQ2hhbWJlcnMgb2YgQ29tbWVyY2UgUm9vdCAtIDIwMDiC
CQCj2kJ+pLGu2jAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwPQYDVR0gBDYwNDAyBgRVHSAAMCowKAYIKwYBBQUH
AgEWHGh0dHA6Ly9wb2xpY3kuY2FtZXJmaXJtYS5jb20wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggIBAJASryI1
wqM58C7e6bXpeHxIvj99RZJe6dqxGfwWPJ+0W2aeaufDuV2I6A+tzyMP3iU6XsxPpcG1Lawk0lgH
3qLPaYRgM+gQDROpI9CF5Y57pp49chNyM/WqfcZjHwj0/gF/JM8rLFQJ3uIrbZLGOU8W6jx+ekbU
RWpGqOt1glanq6B8aBMz9p0w8G8nOSQjKpD9kCk18pPfNKXG9/jvjA9iSnyu0/VU+I22mlaHFoI6
M6taIgj3grrqLuBHmrS1RaMFO9ncLkVAO+rcf+g769HsJtg1pDDFOqxXnrN2pSB7+R5KBWIBpih1
YJeSDW4+TTdDDZIVnBgizVGZoCkaPF+KMjNbMMeJL0eYD6MDxvbxrN8y8NmBGuScvfaAFPDRLLmF
9dijscilIeUcE5fuDr3fKanvNFNb0+RqE4QGtjICxFKuItLcsiFCGtpA8CnJ7AoMXOLQusxI0zcK
zBIKinmwPQN/aUv0NCB9szTqjktk9T79syNnFQ0EuPAtwQlRPLJsFfClI9eDdOTlLsn+mCdCxqvG
nrDQWzilm1DefhiYtUU79nm06PcaewaD+9CL2rvHvRirCG88gGtAPxkZumWK5r7VXNM21+9AUiRg
OGcEMeyP84LG3rlV8zsxkVrctQgVrXYlCg17LofiDKYGvCYQbTed7N14jHyAxfDZd0jQ
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Global Chambersign Root - 2008
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Go Daddy Root Certificate Authority - G2
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Starfield Root Certificate Authority - G2
=========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Starfield Services Root Certificate Authority - G2
==================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Commercial
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Networking
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Premium
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AffirmTrust Premium ECC
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certum Trusted Network CA
=========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TWCA Root Certification Authority
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Security Communication RootCA2
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

EC-ACC
======
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2011
=======================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Actalis Authentication Root CA
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Trustis FPS Root CA
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Buypass Class 2 Root CA
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Buypass Class 3 Root CA
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFWTCCA0GgAwIBAgIBAjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBOMQswCQYDVQQGEwJOTzEdMBsGA1UECgwU
QnV5cGFzcyBBUy05ODMxNjMzMjcxIDAeBgNVBAMMF0J1eXBhc3MgQ2xhc3MgMyBSb290IENBMB4X
DTEwMTAyNjA4Mjg1OFoXDTQwMTAyNjA4Mjg1OFowTjELMAkGA1UEBhMCTk8xHTAbBgNVBAoMFEJ1
eXBhc3MgQVMtOTgzMTYzMzI3MSAwHgYDVQQDDBdCdXlwYXNzIENsYXNzIDMgUm9vdCBDQTCCAiIw
DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIPADCCAgoCggIBAKXaCpUWUOOV8l6ddjEGMnqb8RB2uACatVI2zSRH
sJ8YZLya9vrVediQYkwiL944PdbgqOkcLNt4EemOaFEVcsfzM4fkoF0LXOBXByow9c3EN3coTRiR
5r/VUv1xLXA+58bEiuPwKAv0dpihi4dVsjoT/Lc+JzeOIuOoTyrvYLs9tznDDgFHmV0ST9tD+leh
7fmdvhFHJlsTmKtdFoqwNxxXnUX/iJY2v7vKB3tvh2PX0DJq1l1sDPGzbjniazEuOQAnFN44wOwZ
ZoYS6J1yFhNkUsepNxz9gjDthBgd9K5c/3ATAOux9TN6S9ZV+AWNS2mw9bMoNlwUxFFzTWsL8TQH
2xc519woe2v1n/MuwU8XKhDzzMro6/1rqy6any2CbgTUUgGTLT2G/H783+9CHaZr77kgxve9oKeV
/afmiSTYzIw0bOIjL9kSGiG5VZFvC5F5GQytQIgLcOJ60g7YaEi7ghM5EFjp2CoHxhLbWNvSO1UQ
RwUVZ2J+GGOmRj8JDlQyXr8NYnon74Do29lLBlo3WiXQCBJ31G8JUJc9yB3D34xFMFbG02SrZvPA
Xpacw8Tvw3xrizp5f7NJzz3iiZ+gMEuFuZyUJHmPfWupRWgPK9Dx2hzLabjKSWJtyNBjYt1gD1iq
j6G8BaVmos8bdrKEZLFMOVLAMLrwjEsCsLa3AgMBAAGjQjBAMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wHQYD
VR0OBBYEFEe4zf/lb+74suwvTg75JbCOPGvDMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsF
AAOCAgEAACAjQTUEkMJAYmDv4jVM1z+s4jSQuKFvdvoWFqRINyzpkMLyPPgKn9iB5btb2iUspKdV
cSQy9sgL8rxq+JOssgfCX5/bzMiKqr5qb+FJEMwx14C7u8jYog5kV+qi9cKpMRXSIGrs/CIBKM+G
uIAeqcwRpTzyFrNHnfzSgCHEy9BHcEGhyoMZCCxt8l13nIoUE9Q2HJLw5QY33KbmkJs4j1xrG0aG
Q0JfPgEHU1RdZX33inOhmlRaHylDFCfChQ+1iHsaO5S3HWCntZznKWlXWpuTekMwGwPXYshApqr8
ZORK15FTAaggiG6cX0S5y2CBNOxv033aSF/rtJC8LakcC6wc1aJoIIAE1vyxjy+7SjENSoYc6+I2
KSb12tjE8nVhz36udmNKekBlk4f4HoCMhuWG1o8O/FMsYOgWYRqiPkN7zTlgVGr18okmAWiDSKIz
6MkEkbIRNBE+6tBDGR8Dk5AM/1E9V/RBbuHLoL7ryWPNbczk+DaqaJ3tvV2XcEQNtg413OEMXbug
UZTLfhbrES+jkkXITHHZvMmZUldGL1DPvTVp9D0VzgalLA8+9oG6lLvDu79leNKGef9JOxqDDPDe
eOzI8k1MGt6CKfjBWtrt7uYnXuhF0J0cUahoq0Tj0Itq4/g7u9xN12TyUb7mqqta6THuBrxzvxNi
Cp/HuZc=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 3
============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

EE Certification Centre Root CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 2009
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

D-TRUST Root Class 3 CA 2 EV 2009
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

CA Disig Root R2
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

ACCVRAIZ1
=========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIH0zCCBbugAwIBAgIIXsO3pkN/pOAwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwQjESMBAGA1UEAwwJQUNDVlJB
SVoxMRAwDgYDVQQLDAdQS0lBQ0NWMQ0wCwYDVQQKDARBQ0NWMQswCQYDVQQGEwJFUzAeFw0xMTA1
MDUwOTM3MzdaFw0zMDEyMzEwOTM3MzdaMEIxEjAQBgNVBAMMCUFDQ1ZSQUlaMTEQMA4GA1UECwwH
UEtJQUNDVjENMAsGA1UECgwEQUNDVjELMAkGA1UEBhMCRVMwggIiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IC
DwAwggIKAoICAQCbqau/YUqXry+XZpp0X9DZlv3P4uRm7x8fRzPCRKPfmt4ftVTdFXxpNRFvu8gM
jmoYHtiP2Ra8EEg2XPBjs5BaXCQ316PWywlxufEBcoSwfdtNgM3802/J+Nq2DoLSRYWoG2ioPej0
RGy9ocLLA76MPhMAhN9KSMDjIgro6TenGEyxCQ0jVn8ETdkXhBilyNpAlHPrzg5XPAOBOp0KoVdD
aaxXbXmQeOW1tDvYvEyNKKGno6e6Ak4l0Squ7a4DIrhrIA8wKFSVf+DuzgpmndFALW4ir50awQUZ
0m/A8p/4e7MCQvtQqR0tkw8jq8bBD5L/0KIV9VMJcRz/RROE5iZe+OCIHAr8Fraocwa48GOEAqDG
WuzndN9wrqODJerWx5eHk6fGioozl2A3ED6XPm4pFdahD9GILBKfb6qkxkLrQaLjlUPTAYVtjrs7
8yM2x/474KElB0iryYl0/wiPgL/AlmXz7uxLaL2diMMxs0Dx6M/2OLuc5NF/1OVYm3z61PMOm3WR
5LpSLhl+0fXNWhn8ugb2+1KoS5kE3fj5tItQo05iifCHJPqDQsGH+tUtKSpacXpkatcnYGMN285J
9Y0fkIkyF/hzQ7jSWpOGYdbhdQrqeWZ2iE9x6wQl1gpaepPluUsXQA+xtrn13k/c4LOsOxFwYIRK
Q26ZIMApcQrAZQIDAQABo4ICyzCCAscwfQYIKwYBBQUHAQEEcTBvMEwGCCsGAQUFBzAChkBodHRw
Oi8vd3d3LmFjY3YuZXMvZmlsZWFkbWluL0FyY2hpdm9zL2NlcnRpZmljYWRvcy9yYWl6YWNjdjEu
Y3J0MB8GCCsGAQUFBzABhhNodHRwOi8vb2NzcC5hY2N2LmVzMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTSh7Tj3zcnk1X2
VuqB5TbMjB4/vTAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFNKHtOPfNyeTVfZW6oHlNsyM
Hj+9MIIBcwYDVR0gBIIBajCCAWYwggFiBgRVHSAAMIIBWDCCASIGCCsGAQUFBwICMIIBFB6CARAA
QQB1AHQAbwByAGkAZABhAGQAIABkAGUAIABDAGUAcgB0AGkAZgBpAGMAYQBjAGkA8wBuACAAUgBh
AO0AegAgAGQAZQAgAGwAYQAgAEEAQwBDAFYAIAAoAEEAZwBlAG4AYwBpAGEAIABkAGUAIABUAGUA
YwBuAG8AbABvAGcA7QBhACAAeQAgAEMAZQByAHQAaQBmAGkAYwBhAGMAaQDzAG4AIABFAGwAZQBj
AHQAcgDzAG4AaQBjAGEALAAgAEMASQBGACAAUQA0ADYAMAAxADEANQA2AEUAKQAuACAAQwBQAFMA
IABlAG4AIABoAHQAdABwADoALwAvAHcAdwB3AC4AYQBjAGMAdgAuAGUAczAwBggrBgEFBQcCARYk
aHR0cDovL3d3dy5hY2N2LmVzL2xlZ2lzbGFjaW9uX2MuaHRtMFUGA1UdHwROMEwwSqBIoEaGRGh0
dHA6Ly93d3cuYWNjdi5lcy9maWxlYWRtaW4vQXJjaGl2b3MvY2VydGlmaWNhZG9zL3JhaXphY2N2
MV9kZXIuY3JsMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAXBgNVHREEEDAOgQxhY2N2QGFjY3YuZXMwDQYJKoZI
hvcNAQEFBQADggIBAJcxAp/n/UNnSEQU5CmH7UwoZtCPNdpNYbdKl02125DgBS4OxnnQ8pdpD70E
R9m+27Up2pvZrqmZ1dM8MJP1jaGo/AaNRPTKFpV8M9xii6g3+CfYCS0b78gUJyCpZET/LtZ1qmxN
YEAZSUNUY9rizLpm5U9EelvZaoErQNV/+QEnWCzI7UiRfD+mAM/EKXMRNt6GGT6d7hmKG9Ww7Y49
nCrADdg9ZuM8Db3VlFzi4qc1GwQA9j9ajepDvV+JHanBsMyZ4k0ACtrJJ1vnE5Bc5PUzolVt3OAJ
TS+xJlsndQAJxGJ3KQhfnlmstn6tn1QwIgPBHnFk/vk4CpYY3QIUrCPLBhwepH2NDd4nQeit2hW3
sCPdK6jT2iWH7ehVRE2I9DZ+hJp4rPcOVkkO1jMl1oRQQmwgEh0q1b688nCBpHBgvgW1m54ERL5h
I6zppSSMEYCUWqKiuUnSwdzRp+0xESyeGabu4VXhwOrPDYTkF7eifKXeVSUG7szAh1xA2syVP1Xg
Nce4hL60Xc16gwFy7ofmXx2utYXGJt/mwZrpHgJHnyqobalbz+xFd3+YJ5oyXSrjhO7FmGYvliAd
3djDJ9ew+f7Zfc3Qn48LFFhRny+Lwzgt3uiP1o2HpPVWQxaZLPSkVrQ0uGE3ycJYgBugl6H8WY3p
EfbRD0tVNEYqi4Y7
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TWCA Global Root CA
===================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TeliaSonera Root CA v1
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

E-Tugra Certification Authority
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

T-TeleSec GlobalRoot Class 2
============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDwzCCAqugAwIBAgIBATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADCBgjELMAkGA1UEBhMCREUxKzApBgNVBAoM
IlQtU3lzdGVtcyBFbnRlcnByaXNlIFNlcnZpY2VzIEdtYkgxHzAdBgNVBAsMFlQtU3lzdGVtcyBU
cnVzdCBDZW50ZXIxJTAjBgNVBAMMHFQtVGVsZVNlYyBHbG9iYWxSb290IENsYXNzIDIwHhcNMDgx
MDAxMTA0MDE0WhcNMzMxMDAxMjM1OTU5WjCBgjELMAkGA1UEBhMCREUxKzApBgNVBAoMIlQtU3lz
dGVtcyBFbnRlcnByaXNlIFNlcnZpY2VzIEdtYkgxHzAdBgNVBAsMFlQtU3lzdGVtcyBUcnVzdCBD
ZW50ZXIxJTAjBgNVBAMMHFQtVGVsZVNlYyBHbG9iYWxSb290IENsYXNzIDIwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3
DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQCqX9obX+hzkeXaXPSi5kfl82hVYAUdAqSzm1nzHoqvNK38DcLZ
SBnuaY/JIPwhqgcZ7bBcrGXHX+0CfHt8LRvWurmAwhiCFoT6ZrAIxlQjgeTNuUk/9k9uN0goOA/F
vudocP05l03Sx5iRUKrERLMjfTlH6VJi1hKTXrcxlkIF+3anHqP1wvzpesVsqXFP6st4vGCvx970
2cu+fjOlbpSD8DT6IavqjnKgP6TeMFvvhk1qlVtDRKgQFRzlAVfFmPHmBiiRqiDFt1MmUUOyCxGV
WOHAD3bZwI18gfNycJ5v/hqO2V81xrJvNHy+SE/iWjnX2J14np+GPgNeGYtEotXHAgMBAAGjQjBA
MA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgEGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBS/WSA2AHmgoCJrjNXy
YdK4LMuCSjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAQEAMQOiYQsfdOhyNsZt+U2e+iKo4YFWz827n+qrkRk4
r6p8FU3ztqONpfSO9kSpp+ghla0+AGIWiPACuvxhI+YzmzB6azZie60EI4RYZeLbK4rnJVM3YlNf
vNoBYimipidx5joifsFvHZVwIEoHNN/q/xWA5brXethbdXwFeilHfkCoMRN3zUA7tFFHei4R40cR
3p1m0IvVVGb6g1XqfMIpiRvpb7PO4gWEyS8+eIVibslfwXhjdFjASBgMmTnrpMwatXlajRWc2BQN
9noHV8cigwUtPJslJj0Ys6lDfMjIq2SPDqO/nBudMNva0Bkuqjzx+zOAduTNrRlPBSeOE6Fuwg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Atos TrustedRoot 2011
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 1 G3
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 2 G3
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

QuoVadis Root CA 3 G3
=====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Assured ID Root G2
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDljCCAn6gAwIBAgIQC5McOtY5Z+pnI7/Dr5r0SzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBlMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSQw
IgYDVQQDExtEaWdpQ2VydCBBc3N1cmVkIElEIFJvb3QgRzIwHhcNMTMwODAxMTIwMDAwWhcNMzgw
MTE1MTIwMDAwWjBlMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQL
ExB3d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSQwIgYDVQQDExtEaWdpQ2VydCBBc3N1cmVkIElEIFJvb3QgRzIw
ggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDZ5ygvUj82ckmIkzTz+GoeMVSAn61UQbVH
35ao1K+ALbkKz3X9iaV9JPrjIgwrvJUXCzO/GU1BBpAAvQxNEP4HteccbiJVMWWXvdMX0h5i89vq
bFCMP4QMls+3ywPgym2hFEwbid3tALBSfK+RbLE4E9HpEgjAALAcKxHad3A2m67OeYfcgnDmCXRw
VWmvo2ifv922ebPynXApVfSr/5Vh88lAbx3RvpO704gqu52/clpWcTs/1PPRCv4o76Pu2ZmvA9OP
YLfykqGxvYmJHzDNw6YuYjOuFgJ3RFrngQo8p0Quebg/BLxcoIfhG69Rjs3sLPr4/m3wOnyqi+Rn
lTGNAgMBAAGjQjBAMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBTO
w0q5mVXyuNtgv6l+vVa1lzan1jANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAQEAyqVVjOPIQW5pJ6d1Ee88hjZv
0p3GeDgdaZaikmkuOGybfQTUiaWxMTeKySHMq2zNixya1r9I0jJmwYrA8y8678Dj1JGG0VDjA9tz
d29KOVPt3ibHtX2vK0LRdWLjSisCx1BL4GnilmwORGYQRI+tBev4eaymG+g3NJ1TyWGqolKvSnAW
hsI6yLETcDbYz+70CjTVW0z9B5yiutkBclzzTcHdDrEcDcRjvq30FPuJ7KJBDkzMyFdA0G4Dqs0M
jomZmWzwPDCvON9vvKO+KSAnq3T/EyJ43pdSVR6DtVQgA+6uwE9W3jfMw3+qBCe703e4YtsXfJwo
IhNzbM8m9Yop5w==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Assured ID Root G3
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Global Root G2
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Global Root G3
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

DigiCert Trusted Root G4
========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFkDCCA3igAwIBAgIQBZsbV56OITLiOQe9p3d1XDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQwFADBiMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSEw
HwYDVQQDExhEaWdpQ2VydCBUcnVzdGVkIFJvb3QgRzQwHhcNMTMwODAxMTIwMDAwWhcNMzgwMTE1
MTIwMDAwWjBiMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3
d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSEwHwYDVQQDExhEaWdpQ2VydCBUcnVzdGVkIFJvb3QgRzQwggIiMA0G
CSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4ICDwAwggIKAoICAQC/5pBzaN675F1KPDAiMGkz7MKnJS7JIT3yithZwuEp
pz1Yq3aaza57G4QNxDAf8xukOBbrVsaXbR2rsnnyyhHS5F/WBTxSD1Ifxp4VpX6+n6lXFllVcq9o
k3DCsrp1mWpzMpTREEQQLt+C8weE5nQ7bXHiLQwb7iDVySAdYyktzuxeTsiT+CFhmzTrBcZe7Fsa
vOvJz82sNEBfsXpm7nfISKhmV1efVFiODCu3T6cw2Vbuyntd463JT17lNecxy9qTXtyOj4DatpGY
QJB5w3jHtrHEtWoYOAMQjdjUN6QuBX2I9YI+EJFwq1WCQTLX2wRzKm6RAXwhTNS8rhsDdV14Ztk6
MUSaM0C/CNdaSaTC5qmgZ92kJ7yhTzm1EVgX9yRcRo9k98FpiHaYdj1ZXUJ2h4mXaXpI8OCiEhtm
mnTK3kse5w5jrubU75KSOp493ADkRSWJtppEGSt+wJS00mFt6zPZxd9LBADMfRyVw4/3IbKyEbe7
f/LVjHAsQWCqsWMYRJUadmJ+9oCw++hkpjPRiQfhvbfmQ6QYuKZ3AeEPlAwhHbJUKSWJbOUOUlFH
dL4mrLZBdd56rF+NP8m800ERElvlEFDrMcXKchYiCd98THU/Y+whX8QgUWtvsauGi0/C1kVfnSD8
oR7FwI+isX4KJpn15GkvmB0t9dmpsh3lGwIDAQABo0IwQDAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MA4GA1Ud
DwEB/wQEAwIBhjAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU7NfjgtJxXWRM3y5nP+e6mK4cD08wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEMBQAD
ggIBALth2X2pbL4XxJEbw6GiAI3jZGgPVs93rnD5/ZpKmbnJeFwMDF/k5hQpVgs2SV1EY+CtnJYY
ZhsjDT156W1r1lT40jzBQ0CuHVD1UvyQO7uYmWlrx8GnqGikJ9yd+SeuMIW59mdNOj6PWTkiU0Tr
yF0Dyu1Qen1iIQqAyHNm0aAFYF/opbSnr6j3bTWcfFqK1qI4mfN4i/RN0iAL3gTujJtHgXINwBQy
7zBZLq7gcfJW5GqXb5JQbZaNaHqasjYUegbyJLkJEVDXCLG4iXqEI2FCKeWjzaIgQdfRnGTZ6iah
ixTXTBmyUEFxPT9NcCOGDErcgdLMMpSEDQgJlxxPwO5rIHQw0uA5NBCFIRUBCOhVMt5xSdkoF1BN
5r5N0XWs0Mr7QbhDparTwwVETyw2m+L64kW4I1NsBm9nVX9GtUw/bihaeSbSpKhil9Ie4u1Ki7wb
/UdKDd9nZn6yW0HQO+T0O/QEY+nvwlQAUaCKKsnOeMzV6ocEGLPOr0mIr/OSmbaz5mEP0oUA51Aa
5BuVnRmhuZyxm7EAHu/QD09CbMkKvO5D+jpxpchNJqU1/YldvIViHTLSoCtU7ZpXwdv6EM8Zt4tK
G48BtieVU+i2iW1bvGjUI+iLUaJW+fCmgKDWHrO8Dw9TdSmq6hN35N6MgSGtBxBHEa2HPQfRdbzP
82Z+
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

COMODO RSA Certification Authority
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

USERTrust RSA Certification Authority
=====================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

USERTrust ECC Certification Authority
=====================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIICjzCCAhWgAwIBAgIQXIuZxVqUxdJxVt7NiYDMJjAKBggqhkjOPQQDAzCBiDELMAkGA1UEBhMC
VVMxEzARBgNVBAgTCk5ldyBKZXJzZXkxFDASBgNVBAcTC0plcnNleSBDaXR5MR4wHAYDVQQKExVU
aGUgVVNFUlRSVVNUIE5ldHdvcmsxLjAsBgNVBAMTJVVTRVJUcnVzdCBFQ0MgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlv
biBBdXRob3JpdHkwHhcNMTAwMjAxMDAwMDAwWhcNMzgwMTE4MjM1OTU5WjCBiDELMAkGA1UEBhMC
VVMxEzARBgNVBAgTCk5ldyBKZXJzZXkxFDASBgNVBAcTC0plcnNleSBDaXR5MR4wHAYDVQQKExVU
aGUgVVNFUlRSVVNUIE5ldHdvcmsxLjAsBgNVBAMTJVVTRVJUcnVzdCBFQ0MgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGlv
biBBdXRob3JpdHkwdjAQBgcqhkjOPQIBBgUrgQQAIgNiAAQarFRaqfloI+d61SRvU8Za2EurxtW2
0eZzca7dnNYMYf3boIkDuAUU7FfO7l0/4iGzzvfUinngo4N+LZfQYcTxmdwlkWOrfzCjtHDix6Ez
nPO/LlxTsV+zfTJ/ijTjeXmjQjBAMB0GA1UdDgQWBBQ64QmG1M8ZwpZ2dEl23OA1xmNjmjAOBgNV
HQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAKBggqhkjOPQQDAwNoADBlAjA2Z6EWCNzklwBB
HU6+4WMBzzuqQhFkoJ2UOQIReVx7Hfpkue4WQrO/isIJxOzksU0CMQDpKmFHjFJKS04YcPbWRNZu
9YO6bVi9JNlWSOrvxKJGgYhqOkbRqZtNyWHa0V1Xahg=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R4
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign ECC Root CA - R5
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Staat der Nederlanden Root CA - G3
==================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Staat der Nederlanden EV Root CA
================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

IdenTrust Commercial Root CA 1
==============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

IdenTrust Public Sector Root CA 1
=================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2
=========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Entrust Root Certification Authority - EC1
==========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

CFCA EV ROOT
============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certinomis - Root CA
====================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

OISTE WISeKey Global Root GB CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SZAFIR ROOT CA2
===============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certum Trusted Network CA 2
===========================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions RootCA 2015
=======================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Hellenic Academic and Research Institutions ECC RootCA 2015
===========================================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

ISRG Root X1
============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 1
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 2
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 3
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIBtjCCAVugAwIBAgITBmyf1XSXNmY/Owua2eiedgPySjAKBggqhkjOPQQDAjA5MQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEPMA0GA1UEChMGQW1hem9uMRkwFwYDVQQDExBBbWF6b24gUm9vdCBDQSAzMB4XDTE1MDUy
NjAwMDAwMFoXDTQwMDUyNjAwMDAwMFowOTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDzANBgNVBAoTBkFtYXpvbjEZ
MBcGA1UEAxMQQW1hem9uIFJvb3QgQ0EgMzBZMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHA0IABCmXp8ZB
f8ANm+gBG1bG8lKlui2yEujSLtf6ycXYqm0fc4E7O5hrOXwzpcVOho6AF2hiRVd9RFgdszflZwjr
Zt6jQjBAMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSrttvXBp43
rDCGB5Fwx5zEGbF4wDAKBggqhkjOPQQDAgNJADBGAiEA4IWSoxe3jfkrBqWTrBqYaGFy+uGh0Psc
eGCmQ5nFuMQCIQCcAu/xlJyzlvnrxir4tiz+OpAUFteMYyRIHN8wfdVoOw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Amazon Root CA 4
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

LuxTrust Global Root 2
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TUBITAK Kamu SM SSL Kok Sertifikasi - Surum 1
=============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GDCA TrustAUTH R5 ROOT
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TrustCor RootCert CA-1
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TrustCor RootCert CA-2
======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

TrustCor ECA-1
==============
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com Root Certification Authority RSA
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com Root Certification Authority ECC
========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority RSA R2
==============================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

SSL.com EV Root Certification Authority ECC
===========================================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GlobalSign Root CA - R6
=======================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFgzCCA2ugAwIBAgIORea7A4Mzw4VlSOb/RVEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEMBQAwTDEgMB4GA1UECxMX
R2xvYmFsU2lnbiBSb290IENBIC0gUjYxEzARBgNVBAoTCkdsb2JhbFNpZ24xEzARBgNVBAMTCkds
b2JhbFNpZ24wHhcNMTQxMjEwMDAwMDAwWhcNMzQxMjEwMDAwMDAwWjBMMSAwHgYDVQQLExdHbG9i
YWxTaWduIFJvb3QgQ0EgLSBSNjETMBEGA1UEChMKR2xvYmFsU2lnbjETMBEGA1UEAxMKR2xvYmFs
U2lnbjCCAiIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggIPADCCAgoCggIBAJUH6HPKZvnsFMp7PPcNCPG0RQss
grRIxutbPK6DuEGSMxSkb3/pKszGsIhrxbaJ0cay/xTOURQh7ErdG1rG1ofuTToVBu1kZguSgMpE
3nOUTvOniX9PeGMIyBJQbUJmL025eShNUhqKGoC3GYEOfsSKvGRMIRxDaNc9PIrFsmbVkJq3MQbF
vuJtMgamHvm566qjuL++gmNQ0PAYid/kD3n16qIfKtJwLnvnvJO7bVPiSHyMEAc4/2ayd2F+4OqM
PKq0pPbzlUoSB239jLKJz9CgYXfIWHSw1CM69106yqLbnQneXUQtkPGBzVeS+n68UARjNN9rkxi+
azayOeSsJDa38O+2HBNXk7besvjihbdzorg1qkXy4J02oW9UivFyVm4uiMVRQkQVlO6jxTiWm05O
WgtH8wY2SXcwvHE35absIQh1/OZhFj931dmRl4QKbNQCTXTAFO39OfuD8l4UoQSwC+n+7o/hbguy
CLNhZglqsQY6ZZZZwPA1/cnaKI0aEYdwgQqomnUdnjqGBQCe24DWJfncBZ4nWUx2OVvq+aWh2IMP
0f/fMBH5hc8zSPXKbWQULHpYT9NLCEnFlWQaYw55PfWzjMpYrZxCRXluDocZXFSxZba/jJvcE+kN
b7gu3GduyYsRtYQUigAZcIN5kZeR1BonvzceMgfYFGM8KEyvAgMBAAGjYzBhMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQE
AwIBBjAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MB0GA1UdDgQWBBSubAWjkxPioufi1xzWx/B/yGdToDAfBgNV
HSMEGDAWgBSubAWjkxPioufi1xzWx/B/yGdToDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQwFAAOCAgEAgyXt6NH9lVLN
nsAEoJFp5lzQhN7craJP6Ed41mWYqVuoPId8AorRbrcWc+ZfwFSY1XS+wc3iEZGtIxg93eFyRJa0
lV7Ae46ZeBZDE1ZXs6KzO7V33EByrKPrmzU+sQghoefEQzd5Mr6155wsTLxDKZmOMNOsIeDjHfrY
BzN2VAAiKrlNIC5waNrlU/yDXNOd8v9EDERm8tLjvUYAGm0CuiVdjaExUd1URhxN25mW7xocBFym
Fe944Hn+Xds+qkxV/ZoVqW/hpvvfcDDpw+5CRu3CkwWJ+n1jez/QcYF8AOiYrg54NMMl+68KnyBr
3TsTjxKM4kEaSHpzoHdpx7Zcf4LIHv5YGygrqGytXm3ABdJ7t+uA/iU3/gKbaKxCXcPu9czc8FB1
0jZpnOZ7BN9uBmm23goJSFmH63sUYHpkqmlD75HHTOwY3WzvUy2MmeFe8nI+z1TIvWfspA9MRf/T
uTAjB0yPEL+GltmZWrSZVxykzLsViVO6LAUP5MSeGbEYNNVMnbrt9x+vJJUEeKgDu+6B5dpffItK
oZB0JaezPkvILFa9x8jvOOJckvB595yEunQtYQEgfn7R8k8HWV+LLUNS60YMlOH1Zkd5d9VUWx+t
JDfLRVpOoERIyNiwmcUVhAn21klJwGW45hpxbqCo8YLoRT5s1gLXCmeDBVrJpBA=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

OISTE WISeKey Global Root GC CA
===============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R1
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R2
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R3
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

GTS Root R4
===========
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIICCjCCAZGgAwIBAgIQbkepyIuUtui7OyrYorLBmTAKBggqhkjOPQQDAzBHMQswCQYDVQQGEwJV
UzEiMCAGA1UEChMZR29vZ2xlIFRydXN0IFNlcnZpY2VzIExMQzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLR1RTIFJvb3Qg
UjQwHhcNMTYwNjIyMDAwMDAwWhcNMzYwNjIyMDAwMDAwWjBHMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEiMCAGA1UE
ChMZR29vZ2xlIFRydXN0IFNlcnZpY2VzIExMQzEUMBIGA1UEAxMLR1RTIFJvb3QgUjQwdjAQBgcq
hkjOPQIBBgUrgQQAIgNiAATzdHOnaItgrkO4NcWBMHtLSZ37wWHO5t5GvWvVYRg1rkDdc/eJkTBa
6zzuhXyiQHY7qca4R9gq55KRanPpsXI5nymfopjTX15YhmUPoYRlBtHci8nHc8iMai/lxKvRHYqj
QjBAMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAPBgNVHRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MB0GA1UdDgQWBBSATNbrdP9JNqPV
2Py1PsVq8JQdjDAKBggqhkjOPQQDAwNnADBkAjBqUFJ0CMRw3J5QdCHojXohw0+WbhXRIjVhLfoI
N+4Zba3bssx9BzT1YBkstTTZbyACMANxsbqjYAuG7ZoIapVon+Kz4ZNkfF6Tpt95LY2F45TPI11x
zPKwTdb+mciUqXWi4w==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

UCA Global G2 Root
==================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

UCA Extended Validation Root
============================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Certigna Root CA
================
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----


================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/CMakeLists.txt
================================================
file(GLOB HTTPLIB_CORPUS corpus/*)
add_executable(httplib-test-fuzz
    server_fuzzer.cc
    standalone_fuzz_target_runner.cpp
)
target_link_libraries(httplib-test-fuzz PRIVATE httplib)
add_test(
    NAME httplib-test-fuzz
    COMMAND httplib-test-fuzz ${HTTPLIB_CORPUS}
)


================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/Makefile
================================================

#CXX = clang++
# Do not add default sanitizer flags here as OSS-fuzz adds its own sanitizer flags.
CXXFLAGS += -ggdb -O0 -std=c++11 -DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE -I../.. -I. -Wall -Wextra -Wtype-limits -Wconversion

OPENSSL_DIR = /usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1

# Using full path to libssl and libcrypto to avoid accidentally picking openssl libs brought in by msan.
OPENSSL_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT -I$(OPENSSL_DIR)/include -I$(OPENSSL_DIR)/lib  /usr/local/lib/libssl.a /usr/local/lib/libcrypto.a

ZLIB_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT -lz

BROTLI_DIR = /usr/local/opt/brotli
# BROTLI_SUPPORT = -DCPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT -I$(BROTLI_DIR)/include -L$(BROTLI_DIR)/lib -lbrotlicommon -lbrotlienc -lbrotlidec

# Runs all the tests and also fuzz tests against seed corpus.
all : server_fuzzer
	./server_fuzzer corpus/*

# Fuzz target, so that you can choose which $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) to use.
server_fuzzer : server_fuzzer.cc ../../httplib.h
# 	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $@  $<  -Wl,-Bstatic $(OPENSSL_SUPPORT)  -Wl,-Bdynamic -ldl  $(ZLIB_SUPPORT)  $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) -pthread
	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o $@  $<  $(ZLIB_SUPPORT)  $(LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE) -pthread -lanl
	zip -q -r server_fuzzer_seed_corpus.zip corpus

clean:
	rm -f server_fuzzer pem *.0 *.o *.1 *.srl *.zip


================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/corpus/1
================================================
PUT /search/sample?a=12 HTTP/1.1

================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/corpus/2
================================================
GET /hello.htm HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT)
Accept-Language: en-us
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: Keep-Alive

================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/corpus/clusterfuzz-testcase-minimized-server_fuzzer-6508706672541696
================================================
PUT { HTTP/1.0
Content-Type:multipart/form-databoundary=m
Range:bytes=-

--m
C
c






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































PUT ?
&+&:&<&&I&`&a&&s&&&2&&&@&!&





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	


















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‮










































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‌







































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































PUT ?
&+&:&<&&I&`&a&&s&&&2&&&@&!&





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	




























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































PUT ?
&+&:&<&&I&`&a&&s&&&2&&&@&!&





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	












































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































X-Forwarded-Host


























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‮










































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‌




















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































X-Forwarded-Host

























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‮










































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‌







































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































PUT ?
&+&:&<&&I&`&a&&s&&&2&&&@&!&





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	




























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































PUT ?
&+&:&<&&I&`&a&&s&&&2&&&@&!&





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	












































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































X-Forwarded-Host


























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































	













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‮










































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































‌

































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































2
























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































+/v+

















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/server_fuzzer.cc
================================================
#include <cstdint>

#include <httplib.h>

class FuzzedStream : public httplib::Stream {
public:
  FuzzedStream(const uint8_t *data, size_t size)
      : data_(data), size_(size), read_pos_(0) {}

  ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override {
    if (size + read_pos_ > size_) { size = size_ - read_pos_; }
    memcpy(ptr, data_ + read_pos_, size);
    read_pos_ += size;
    return static_cast<ssize_t>(size);
  }

  ssize_t write(const char *ptr, size_t size) override {
    response_.append(ptr, size);
    return static_cast<int>(size);
  }

  ssize_t write(const char *ptr) { return write(ptr, strlen(ptr)); }

  ssize_t write(const std::string &s) { return write(s.data(), s.size()); }

  bool is_readable() const override { return true; }

  bool wait_readable() const override { return true; }

  bool wait_writable() const override { return true; }

  void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override {
    ip = "127.0.0.1";
    port = 8080;
  }

  void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override {
    ip = "127.0.0.1";
    port = 8080;
  }

  socket_t socket() const override { return 0; }

  time_t duration() const override { return 0; };

private:
  const uint8_t *data_;
  size_t size_;
  size_t read_pos_;
  std::string response_;
};

class FuzzableServer : public httplib::Server {
public:
  void ProcessFuzzedRequest(FuzzedStream &stream) {
    bool connection_close = false;
    process_request(stream,
                    /*remote_addr=*/"",
                    /*remote_port =*/0,
                    /*local_addr=*/"",
                    /*local_port =*/0,
                    /*last_connection=*/false, connection_close, nullptr);
  }
};

static FuzzableServer g_server;

extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerInitialize(int * /*argc*/, char *** /*argv*/) {
  g_server.Get(R"(.*)",
               [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
                 res.set_content("response content", "text/plain");
               });
  g_server.Post(R"(.*)",
                [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
                  res.set_content("response content", "text/plain");
                });
  g_server.Put(R"(.*)",
               [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
                 res.set_content("response content", "text/plain");
               });
  g_server.Patch(R"(.*)",
                 [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
                   res.set_content("response content", "text/plain");
                 });
  g_server.Delete(
      R"(.*)", [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
        res.set_content("response content", "text/plain");
      });
  g_server.Options(
      R"(.*)", [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
        res.set_content("response content", "text/plain");
      });
  return 0;
}

extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
  FuzzedStream stream{data, size};
  g_server.ProcessFuzzedRequest(stream);
  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/server_fuzzer.dict
================================================
# Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields

# misc
"HTTP/1.1"

# verbs
"CONNECT"
"DELETE"
"GET"
"HEAD"
"OPTIONS"
"PATCH"
"POST"
"PUT"
"TRACE"


# Webdav/caldav verbs
"ACL"
"BASELINE-CONTROL"
"BIND"
"CHECKIN"
"CHECKOUT"
"COPY"
"LABEL"
"LINK"
"LOCK"
"MERGE"
"MKACTIVITY"
"MKCALENDAR"
"MKCOL"
"MKREDIRECTREF"
"MKWORKSPACE"
"MOVE"
"ORDERPATCH"
"PRI"
"PROPFIND"
"PROPPATCH"
"REBIND"
"REPORT"
"SEARCH"
"UNBIND"
"UNCHECKOUT"
"UNLINK"
"UNLOCK"
"UPDATE"
"UPDATEREDIRECTREF"
"VERSION-CONTROL"


# Fields
"A-IM"
"Accept"
"Accept-Charset"
"Accept-Datetime"
"Accept-Encoding"
"Accept-Language"
"Accept-Patch"
"Accept-Ranges"
"Access-Control-Allow-Credentials"
"Access-Control-Allow-Headers"
"Access-Control-Allow-Methods"
"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"
"Access-Control-Expose-Headers"
"Access-Control-Max-Age"
"Access-Control-Request-Headers"
"Access-Control-Request-Method"
"Age"
"Allow"
"Alt-Svc"
"Authorization"
"Cache-Control"
"Connection"
"Connection:"
"Content-Disposition"
"Content-Encoding"
"Content-Language"
"Content-Length"
"Content-Location"
"Content-MD5"
"Content-Range"
"Content-Security-Policy"
"Content-Type"
"Cookie"
"DNT"
"Date"
"Delta-Base"
"ETag"
"Expect"
"Expires"
"Forwarded"
"From"
"Front-End-Https"
"HTTP2-Settings"
"Host"
"IM"
"If-Match"
"If-Modified-Since"
"If-None-Match"
"If-Range"
"If-Unmodified-Since"
"Last-Modified"
"Link"
"Location"
"Max-Forwards"
"Origin"
"P3P"
"Pragma"
"Proxy-Authenticate"
"Proxy-Authorization"
"Proxy-Connection"
"Public-Key-Pins"
"Range"
"Referer"
"Refresh"
"Retry-After"
"Save-Data"
"Server"
"Set-Cookie"
"Status"
"Strict-Transport-Security"
"TE"
"Timing-Allow-Origin"
"Tk"
"Trailer"
"Transfer-Encoding"
"Upgrade"
"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests"
"User-Agent"
"Vary"
"Via"
"WWW-Authenticate"
"Warning"
"X-ATT-DeviceId"
"X-Content-Duration"
"X-Content-Security-Policy"
"X-Content-Type-Options"
"X-Correlation-ID"
"X-Csrf-Token"
"X-Forwarded-For"
"X-Forwarded-Host"
"X-Forwarded-Proto"
"X-Frame-Options"
"X-Http-Method-Override"
"X-Powered-By"
"X-Request-ID"
"X-Requested-With"
"X-UA-Compatible"
"X-UIDH"
"X-Wap-Profile"
"X-WebKit-CSP"
"X-XSS-Protection"

# Source: string and character literals in httplib.h
" "
"&"
", "
"-"
"--"
"."
".."
":"
"="
" = = "
"0123456789abcdef"
"%02X"
"%0A"
"\\x0a\\x0d"
"%0D"
"%20"
"%27"
"%2B"
"%2C"
"%3A"
"%3B"
"application/javascript"
"application/json"
"application/pdf"
"application/xhtml+xml"
"application/xml"
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
"Bad Request"
"boundary="
"bytes="
"chunked"
"close"
"CONNECT"
"css"
"Forbidden"
"Found"
"gif"
"gzip"
"html"
"ico"
"image/gif"
"image/jpg"
"image/png"
"image/svg+xml"
"image/x-icon"
"index.html"
"Internal Server Error"
"jpeg"
"js"
"json"
"Location"
"Moved Permanently"
"multipart/form-data"
"Not Found"
"Not Modified"
"OK"
"pdf"
"png"
"Range"
"REMOTE_ADDR"
"See Other"
"svg"
"text/"
"text/css"
"text/html"
"text/plain"
"txt"
"Unsupported Media Type"
"xhtml"
"xml"

================================================
FILE: test/fuzzing/standalone_fuzz_target_runner.cpp
================================================
// Copyright 2017 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

// This runner does not do any fuzzing, but allows us to run the fuzz target
// on the test corpus or on a single file,
// e.g. the one that comes from a bug report.

#include <cstdint>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

// Forward declare the "fuzz target" interface.
// We deliberately keep this interface simple and header-free.
extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size);

// It reads all files passed as parameters and feeds their contents
// one by one into the fuzz target (LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput).
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
    std::ifstream in(argv[i]);
    in.seekg(0, in.end);
    size_t length = static_cast<size_t>(in.tellg());
    in.seekg(0, in.beg);
    std::cout << "Reading " << length << " bytes from " << argv[i] << std::endl;
    // Allocate exactly length bytes so that we reliably catch buffer overflows.
    std::vector<char> bytes(length);
    in.read(bytes.data(), static_cast<std::streamsize>(bytes.size()));
    LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(bytes.data()),
                           bytes.size());
    std::cout << "Execution successful" << std::endl;
  }
  std::cout << "Execution finished" << std::endl;
  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: test/gen-certs.sh
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env bash
if [[ $(openssl version) =~ 3\.[2-9]\.[0-9]+ ]]; then
	OPENSSL_X509_FLAG='-x509v1'
else
	OPENSSL_X509_FLAG='-x509'
fi

openssl genrsa 2048 > key.pem
openssl req -new -batch -config test.conf -key key.pem | openssl x509 -days 3650 -req -signkey key.pem > cert.pem
openssl req -x509 -config test.conf -key key.pem -sha256 -days 3650 -nodes -out cert2.pem -extensions SAN
openssl genrsa 2048 > rootCA.key.pem
openssl req $OPENSSL_X509_FLAG -new -batch -config test.rootCA.conf -key rootCA.key.pem -days 1024 > rootCA.cert.pem
openssl genrsa 2048 > client.key.pem
openssl req -new -batch -config test.conf -key client.key.pem | openssl x509 -days 370 -req -CA rootCA.cert.pem -CAkey rootCA.key.pem -CAcreateserial > client.cert.pem
openssl genrsa -passout pass:test123! 2048 > key_encrypted.pem
openssl req -new -batch -config test.conf -key key_encrypted.pem | openssl x509 -days 3650 -req -signkey key_encrypted.pem > cert_encrypted.pem
openssl genrsa 2048 | openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -v1 PBE-SHA1-3DES -passout pass:test012! -out client_encrypted.key.pem
openssl req -new -batch -config test.conf -key client_encrypted.key.pem -passin pass:test012! | openssl x509 -days 370 -req -CA rootCA.cert.pem -CAkey rootCA.key.pem -CAcreateserial > client_encrypted.cert.pem


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This file implements the AssertionResult type.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_ASSERTION_RESULT_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_ASSERTION_RESULT_H_

#include <memory>
#include <ostream>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>

#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251                                   \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

namespace testing {

// A class for indicating whether an assertion was successful.  When
// the assertion wasn't successful, the AssertionResult object
// remembers a non-empty message that describes how it failed.
//
// To create an instance of this class, use one of the factory functions
// (AssertionSuccess() and AssertionFailure()).
//
// This class is useful for two purposes:
//   1. Defining predicate functions to be used with Boolean test assertions
//      EXPECT_TRUE/EXPECT_FALSE and their ASSERT_ counterparts
//   2. Defining predicate-format functions to be
//      used with predicate assertions (ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT*, etc).
//
// For example, if you define IsEven predicate:
//
//   testing::AssertionResult IsEven(int n) {
//     if ((n % 2) == 0)
//       return testing::AssertionSuccess();
//     else
//       return testing::AssertionFailure() << n << " is odd";
//   }
//
// Then the failed expectation EXPECT_TRUE(IsEven(Fib(5)))
// will print the message
//
//   Value of: IsEven(Fib(5))
//     Actual: false (5 is odd)
//   Expected: true
//
// instead of a more opaque
//
//   Value of: IsEven(Fib(5))
//     Actual: false
//   Expected: true
//
// in case IsEven is a simple Boolean predicate.
//
// If you expect your predicate to be reused and want to support informative
// messages in EXPECT_FALSE and ASSERT_FALSE (negative assertions show up
// about half as often as positive ones in our tests), supply messages for
// both success and failure cases:
//
//   testing::AssertionResult IsEven(int n) {
//     if ((n % 2) == 0)
//       return testing::AssertionSuccess() << n << " is even";
//     else
//       return testing::AssertionFailure() << n << " is odd";
//   }
//
// Then a statement EXPECT_FALSE(IsEven(Fib(6))) will print
//
//   Value of: IsEven(Fib(6))
//     Actual: true (8 is even)
//   Expected: false
//
// NB: Predicates that support negative Boolean assertions have reduced
// performance in positive ones so be careful not to use them in tests
// that have lots (tens of thousands) of positive Boolean assertions.
//
// To use this class with EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT assertions such as:
//
//   // Verifies that Foo() returns an even number.
//   EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(IsEven, Foo());
//
// you need to define:
//
//   testing::AssertionResult IsEven(const char* expr, int n) {
//     if ((n % 2) == 0)
//       return testing::AssertionSuccess();
//     else
//       return testing::AssertionFailure()
//         << "Expected: " << expr << " is even\n  Actual: it's " << n;
//   }
//
// If Foo() returns 5, you will see the following message:
//
//   Expected: Foo() is even
//     Actual: it's 5
//
class GTEST_API_ AssertionResult {
 public:
  // Copy constructor.
  // Used in EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(assertion_result).
  AssertionResult(const AssertionResult& other);

// C4800 is a level 3 warning in Visual Studio 2015 and earlier.
// This warning is not emitted in Visual Studio 2017.
// This warning is off by default starting in Visual Studio 2019 but can be
// enabled with command-line options.
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER < 1910 || _MSC_VER >= 1920)
  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4800 /* forcing value to bool */)
#endif

  // Used in the EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(bool_expression).
  //
  // T must be contextually convertible to bool.
  //
  // The second parameter prevents this overload from being considered if
  // the argument is implicitly convertible to AssertionResult. In that case
  // we want AssertionResult's copy constructor to be used.
  template <typename T>
  explicit AssertionResult(
      const T& success,
      typename std::enable_if<
          !std::is_convertible<T, AssertionResult>::value>::type*
      /*enabler*/
      = nullptr)
      : success_(success) {}

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER < 1910 || _MSC_VER >= 1920)
  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
#endif

  // Assignment operator.
  AssertionResult& operator=(AssertionResult other) {
    swap(other);
    return *this;
  }

  // Returns true if and only if the assertion succeeded.
  operator bool() const { return success_; }  // NOLINT

  // Returns the assertion's negation. Used with EXPECT/ASSERT_FALSE.
  AssertionResult operator!() const;

  // Returns the text streamed into this AssertionResult. Test assertions
  // use it when they fail (i.e., the predicate's outcome doesn't match the
  // assertion's expectation). When nothing has been streamed into the
  // object, returns an empty string.
  const char* message() const {
    return message_.get() != nullptr ? message_->c_str() : "";
  }
  // Deprecated; please use message() instead.
  const char* failure_message() const { return message(); }

  // Streams a custom failure message into this object.
  template <typename T>
  AssertionResult& operator<<(const T& value) {
    AppendMessage(Message() << value);
    return *this;
  }

  // Allows streaming basic output manipulators such as endl or flush into
  // this object.
  AssertionResult& operator<<(
      ::std::ostream& (*basic_manipulator)(::std::ostream& stream)) {
    AppendMessage(Message() << basic_manipulator);
    return *this;
  }

 private:
  // Appends the contents of message to message_.
  void AppendMessage(const Message& a_message) {
    if (message_.get() == nullptr) message_.reset(new ::std::string);
    message_->append(a_message.GetString().c_str());
  }

  // Swap the contents of this AssertionResult with other.
  void swap(AssertionResult& other);

  // Stores result of the assertion predicate.
  bool success_;
  // Stores the message describing the condition in case the expectation
  // construct is not satisfied with the predicate's outcome.
  // Referenced via a pointer to avoid taking too much stack frame space
  // with test assertions.
  std::unique_ptr< ::std::string> message_;
};

// Makes a successful assertion result.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult AssertionSuccess();

// Makes a failed assertion result.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult AssertionFailure();

// Makes a failed assertion result with the given failure message.
// Deprecated; use AssertionFailure() << msg.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult AssertionFailure(const Message& msg);

}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  // 4251

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_ASSERTION_RESULT_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file defines the public API for death tests.  It is
// #included by gtest.h so a user doesn't need to include this
// directly.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h"

// This flag controls the style of death tests.  Valid values are "threadsafe",
// meaning that the death test child process will re-execute the test binary
// from the start, running only a single death test, or "fast",
// meaning that the child process will execute the test logic immediately
// after forking.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(death_test_style);

namespace testing {

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

namespace internal {

// Returns a Boolean value indicating whether the caller is currently
// executing in the context of the death test child process.  Tools such as
// Valgrind heap checkers may need this to modify their behavior in death
// tests.  IMPORTANT: This is an internal utility.  Using it may break the
// implementation of death tests.  User code MUST NOT use it.
GTEST_API_ bool InDeathTestChild();

}  // namespace internal

// The following macros are useful for writing death tests.

// Here's what happens when an ASSERT_DEATH* or EXPECT_DEATH* is
// executed:
//
//   1. It generates a warning if there is more than one active
//   thread.  This is because it's safe to fork() or clone() only
//   when there is a single thread.
//
//   2. The parent process clone()s a sub-process and runs the death
//   test in it; the sub-process exits with code 0 at the end of the
//   death test, if it hasn't exited already.
//
//   3. The parent process waits for the sub-process to terminate.
//
//   4. The parent process checks the exit code and error message of
//   the sub-process.
//
// Examples:
//
//   ASSERT_DEATH(server.SendMessage(56, "Hello"), "Invalid port number");
//   for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
//     EXPECT_DEATH(server.ProcessRequest(i),
//                  "Invalid request .* in ProcessRequest()")
//                  << "Failed to die on request " << i;
//   }
//
//   ASSERT_EXIT(server.ExitNow(), ::testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "Exiting");
//
//   bool KilledBySIGHUP(int exit_code) {
//     return WIFSIGNALED(exit_code) && WTERMSIG(exit_code) == SIGHUP;
//   }
//
//   ASSERT_EXIT(client.HangUpServer(), KilledBySIGHUP, "Hanging up!");
//
// The final parameter to each of these macros is a matcher applied to any data
// the sub-process wrote to stderr.  For compatibility with existing tests, a
// bare string is interpreted as a regular expression matcher.
//
// On the regular expressions used in death tests:
//
//   On POSIX-compliant systems (*nix), we use the <regex.h> library,
//   which uses the POSIX extended regex syntax.
//
//   On other platforms (e.g. Windows or Mac), we only support a simple regex
//   syntax implemented as part of Google Test.  This limited
//   implementation should be enough most of the time when writing
//   death tests; though it lacks many features you can find in PCRE
//   or POSIX extended regex syntax.  For example, we don't support
//   union ("x|y"), grouping ("(xy)"), brackets ("[xy]"), and
//   repetition count ("x{5,7}"), among others.
//
//   Below is the syntax that we do support.  We chose it to be a
//   subset of both PCRE and POSIX extended regex, so it's easy to
//   learn wherever you come from.  In the following: 'A' denotes a
//   literal character, period (.), or a single \\ escape sequence;
//   'x' and 'y' denote regular expressions; 'm' and 'n' are for
//   natural numbers.
//
//     c     matches any literal character c
//     \\d   matches any decimal digit
//     \\D   matches any character that's not a decimal digit
//     \\f   matches \f
//     \\n   matches \n
//     \\r   matches \r
//     \\s   matches any ASCII whitespace, including \n
//     \\S   matches any character that's not a whitespace
//     \\t   matches \t
//     \\v   matches \v
//     \\w   matches any letter, _, or decimal digit
//     \\W   matches any character that \\w doesn't match
//     \\c   matches any literal character c, which must be a punctuation
//     .     matches any single character except \n
//     A?    matches 0 or 1 occurrences of A
//     A*    matches 0 or many occurrences of A
//     A+    matches 1 or many occurrences of A
//     ^     matches the beginning of a string (not that of each line)
//     $     matches the end of a string (not that of each line)
//     xy    matches x followed by y
//
//   If you accidentally use PCRE or POSIX extended regex features
//   not implemented by us, you will get a run-time failure.  In that
//   case, please try to rewrite your regular expression within the
//   above syntax.
//
//   This implementation is *not* meant to be as highly tuned or robust
//   as a compiled regex library, but should perform well enough for a
//   death test, which already incurs significant overhead by launching
//   a child process.
//
// Known caveats:
//
//   A "threadsafe" style death test obtains the path to the test
//   program from argv[0] and re-executes it in the sub-process.  For
//   simplicity, the current implementation doesn't search the PATH
//   when launching the sub-process.  This means that the user must
//   invoke the test program via a path that contains at least one
//   path separator (e.g. path/to/foo_test and
//   /absolute/path/to/bar_test are fine, but foo_test is not).  This
//   is rarely a problem as people usually don't put the test binary
//   directory in PATH.
//

// Asserts that a given `statement` causes the program to exit, with an
// integer exit status that satisfies `predicate`, and emitting error output
// that matches `matcher`.
#define ASSERT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher) \
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_(statement, predicate, matcher, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Like `ASSERT_EXIT`, but continues on to successive tests in the
// test suite, if any:
#define EXPECT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher) \
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_(statement, predicate, matcher, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)

// Asserts that a given `statement` causes the program to exit, either by
// explicitly exiting with a nonzero exit code or being killed by a
// signal, and emitting error output that matches `matcher`.
#define ASSERT_DEATH(statement, matcher) \
  ASSERT_EXIT(statement, ::testing::internal::ExitedUnsuccessfully, matcher)

// Like `ASSERT_DEATH`, but continues on to successive tests in the
// test suite, if any:
#define EXPECT_DEATH(statement, matcher) \
  EXPECT_EXIT(statement, ::testing::internal::ExitedUnsuccessfully, matcher)

// Two predicate classes that can be used in {ASSERT,EXPECT}_EXIT*:

// Tests that an exit code describes a normal exit with a given exit code.
class GTEST_API_ ExitedWithCode {
 public:
  explicit ExitedWithCode(int exit_code);
  ExitedWithCode(const ExitedWithCode&) = default;
  void operator=(const ExitedWithCode& other) = delete;
  bool operator()(int exit_status) const;

 private:
  const int exit_code_;
};

#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA
// Tests that an exit code describes an exit due to termination by a
// given signal.
class GTEST_API_ KilledBySignal {
 public:
  explicit KilledBySignal(int signum);
  bool operator()(int exit_status) const;

 private:
  const int signum_;
};
#endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH asserts that the given statements die in debug mode.
// The death testing framework causes this to have interesting semantics,
// since the sideeffects of the call are only visible in opt mode, and not
// in debug mode.
//
// In practice, this can be used to test functions that utilize the
// LOG(DFATAL) macro using the following style:
//
// int DieInDebugOr12(int* sideeffect) {
//   if (sideeffect) {
//     *sideeffect = 12;
//   }
//   LOG(DFATAL) << "death";
//   return 12;
// }
//
// TEST(TestSuite, TestDieOr12WorksInDgbAndOpt) {
//   int sideeffect = 0;
//   // Only asserts in dbg.
//   EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugOr12(&sideeffect), "death");
//
// #ifdef NDEBUG
//   // opt-mode has sideeffect visible.
//   EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);
// #else
//   // dbg-mode no visible sideeffect.
//   EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);
// #endif
// }
//
// This will assert that DieInDebugReturn12InOpt() crashes in debug
// mode, usually due to a DCHECK or LOG(DFATAL), but returns the
// appropriate fallback value (12 in this case) in opt mode. If you
// need to test that a function has appropriate side-effects in opt
// mode, include assertions against the side-effects.  A general
// pattern for this is:
//
// EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH({
//   // Side-effects here will have an effect after this statement in
//   // opt mode, but none in debug mode.
//   EXPECT_EQ(12, DieInDebugOr12(&sideeffect));
// }, "death");
//
#ifdef NDEBUG

#define EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(statement, regex) \
  GTEST_EXECUTE_STATEMENT_(statement, regex)

#define ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(statement, regex) \
  GTEST_EXECUTE_STATEMENT_(statement, regex)

#else

#define EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(statement, regex) EXPECT_DEATH(statement, regex)

#define ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(statement, regex) ASSERT_DEATH(statement, regex)

#endif  // NDEBUG for EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

// This macro is used for implementing macros such as
// EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED and ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED on systems where
// death tests are not supported. Those macros must compile on such systems
// if and only if EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH compile with the same parameters
// on systems that support death tests. This allows one to write such a macro on
// a system that does not support death tests and be sure that it will compile
// on a death-test supporting system. It is exposed publicly so that systems
// that have death-tests with stricter requirements than GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
// can write their own equivalent of EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED and
// ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED.
//
// Parameters:
//   statement -  A statement that a macro such as EXPECT_DEATH would test
//                for program termination. This macro has to make sure this
//                statement is compiled but not executed, to ensure that
//                EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED compiles with a certain
//                parameter if and only if EXPECT_DEATH compiles with it.
//   regex     -  A regex that a macro such as EXPECT_DEATH would use to test
//                the output of statement.  This parameter has to be
//                compiled but not evaluated by this macro, to ensure that
//                this macro only accepts expressions that a macro such as
//                EXPECT_DEATH would accept.
//   terminator - Must be an empty statement for EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED
//                and a return statement for ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED.
//                This ensures that ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED will not
//                compile inside functions where ASSERT_DEATH doesn't
//                compile.
//
//  The branch that has an always false condition is used to ensure that
//  statement and regex are compiled (and thus syntactically correct) but
//  never executed. The unreachable code macro protects the terminator
//  statement from generating an 'unreachable code' warning in case
//  statement unconditionally returns or throws. The Message constructor at
//  the end allows the syntax of streaming additional messages into the
//  macro, for compilational compatibility with EXPECT_DEATH/ASSERT_DEATH.
#define GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST(statement, regex, terminator)             \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                                \
  if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                                     \
    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "Death tests are not supported on this platform.\n" \
                        << "Statement '" #statement "' cannot be verified.";   \
  } else if (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse()) {                             \
    ::testing::internal::RE::PartialMatch(".*", (regex));                      \
    GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);                 \
    terminator;                                                                \
  } else                                                                       \
    ::testing::Message()

// EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) and
// ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) expand to real death tests if
// death tests are supported; otherwise they just issue a warning.  This is
// useful when you are combining death test assertions with normal test
// assertions in one test.
#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
#define EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) \
  EXPECT_DEATH(statement, regex)
#define ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) \
  ASSERT_DEATH(statement, regex)
#else
#define EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) \
  GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST(statement, regex, )
#define ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, regex) \
  GTEST_UNSUPPORTED_DEATH_TEST(statement, regex, return)
#endif

}  // namespace testing

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h
================================================
// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This file implements just enough of the matcher interface to allow
// EXPECT_DEATH and friends to accept a matcher argument.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_

#include <atomic>
#include <memory>
#include <ostream>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>

#include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

// MSVC warning C5046 is new as of VS2017 version 15.8.
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1915
#define GTEST_MAYBE_5046_ 5046
#else
#define GTEST_MAYBE_5046_
#endif

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(
    4251 GTEST_MAYBE_5046_ /* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by
                              clients of class B */
    /* Symbol involving type with internal linkage not defined */)

namespace testing {

// To implement a matcher Foo for type T, define:
//   1. a class FooMatcherMatcher that implements the matcher interface:
//     using is_gtest_matcher = void;
//     bool MatchAndExplain(const T&, std::ostream*);
//       (MatchResultListener* can also be used instead of std::ostream*)
//     void DescribeTo(std::ostream*);
//     void DescribeNegationTo(std::ostream*);
//
//   2. a factory function that creates a Matcher<T> object from a
//      FooMatcherMatcher.

class MatchResultListener {
 public:
  // Creates a listener object with the given underlying ostream.  The
  // listener does not own the ostream, and does not dereference it
  // in the constructor or destructor.
  explicit MatchResultListener(::std::ostream* os) : stream_(os) {}
  virtual ~MatchResultListener() = 0;  // Makes this class abstract.

  // Streams x to the underlying ostream; does nothing if the ostream
  // is NULL.
  template <typename T>
  MatchResultListener& operator<<(const T& x) {
    if (stream_ != nullptr) *stream_ << x;
    return *this;
  }

  // Returns the underlying ostream.
  ::std::ostream* stream() { return stream_; }

  // Returns true if and only if the listener is interested in an explanation
  // of the match result.  A matcher's MatchAndExplain() method can use
  // this information to avoid generating the explanation when no one
  // intends to hear it.
  bool IsInterested() const { return stream_ != nullptr; }

 private:
  ::std::ostream* const stream_;

  MatchResultListener(const MatchResultListener&) = delete;
  MatchResultListener& operator=(const MatchResultListener&) = delete;
};

inline MatchResultListener::~MatchResultListener() {}

// An instance of a subclass of this knows how to describe itself as a
// matcher.
class GTEST_API_ MatcherDescriberInterface {
 public:
  virtual ~MatcherDescriberInterface() {}

  // Describes this matcher to an ostream.  The function should print
  // a verb phrase that describes the property a value matching this
  // matcher should have.  The subject of the verb phrase is the value
  // being matched.  For example, the DescribeTo() method of the Gt(7)
  // matcher prints "is greater than 7".
  virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const = 0;

  // Describes the negation of this matcher to an ostream.  For
  // example, if the description of this matcher is "is greater than
  // 7", the negated description could be "is not greater than 7".
  // You are not required to override this when implementing
  // MatcherInterface, but it is highly advised so that your matcher
  // can produce good error messages.
  virtual void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
    *os << "not (";
    DescribeTo(os);
    *os << ")";
  }
};

// The implementation of a matcher.
template <typename T>
class MatcherInterface : public MatcherDescriberInterface {
 public:
  // Returns true if and only if the matcher matches x; also explains the
  // match result to 'listener' if necessary (see the next paragraph), in
  // the form of a non-restrictive relative clause ("which ...",
  // "whose ...", etc) that describes x.  For example, the
  // MatchAndExplain() method of the Pointee(...) matcher should
  // generate an explanation like "which points to ...".
  //
  // Implementations of MatchAndExplain() should add an explanation of
  // the match result *if and only if* they can provide additional
  // information that's not already present (or not obvious) in the
  // print-out of x and the matcher's description.  Whether the match
  // succeeds is not a factor in deciding whether an explanation is
  // needed, as sometimes the caller needs to print a failure message
  // when the match succeeds (e.g. when the matcher is used inside
  // Not()).
  //
  // For example, a "has at least 10 elements" matcher should explain
  // what the actual element count is, regardless of the match result,
  // as it is useful information to the reader; on the other hand, an
  // "is empty" matcher probably only needs to explain what the actual
  // size is when the match fails, as it's redundant to say that the
  // size is 0 when the value is already known to be empty.
  //
  // You should override this method when defining a new matcher.
  //
  // It's the responsibility of the caller (Google Test) to guarantee
  // that 'listener' is not NULL.  This helps to simplify a matcher's
  // implementation when it doesn't care about the performance, as it
  // can talk to 'listener' without checking its validity first.
  // However, in order to implement dummy listeners efficiently,
  // listener->stream() may be NULL.
  virtual bool MatchAndExplain(T x, MatchResultListener* listener) const = 0;

  // Inherits these methods from MatcherDescriberInterface:
  //   virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const = 0;
  //   virtual void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const;
};

namespace internal {

struct AnyEq {
  template <typename A, typename B>
  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const {
    return a == b;
  }
};
struct AnyNe {
  template <typename A, typename B>
  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const {
    return a != b;
  }
};
struct AnyLt {
  template <typename A, typename B>
  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const {
    return a < b;
  }
};
struct AnyGt {
  template <typename A, typename B>
  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const {
    return a > b;
  }
};
struct AnyLe {
  template <typename A, typename B>
  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const {
    return a <= b;
  }
};
struct AnyGe {
  template <typename A, typename B>
  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const {
    return a >= b;
  }
};

// A match result listener that ignores the explanation.
class DummyMatchResultListener : public MatchResultListener {
 public:
  DummyMatchResultListener() : MatchResultListener(nullptr) {}

 private:
  DummyMatchResultListener(const DummyMatchResultListener&) = delete;
  DummyMatchResultListener& operator=(const DummyMatchResultListener&) = delete;
};

// A match result listener that forwards the explanation to a given
// ostream.  The difference between this and MatchResultListener is
// that the former is concrete.
class StreamMatchResultListener : public MatchResultListener {
 public:
  explicit StreamMatchResultListener(::std::ostream* os)
      : MatchResultListener(os) {}

 private:
  StreamMatchResultListener(const StreamMatchResultListener&) = delete;
  StreamMatchResultListener& operator=(const StreamMatchResultListener&) =
      delete;
};

struct SharedPayloadBase {
  std::atomic<int> ref{1};
  void Ref() { ref.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); }
  bool Unref() { return ref.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel) == 1; }
};

template <typename T>
struct SharedPayload : SharedPayloadBase {
  explicit SharedPayload(const T& v) : value(v) {}
  explicit SharedPayload(T&& v) : value(std::move(v)) {}

  static void Destroy(SharedPayloadBase* shared) {
    delete static_cast<SharedPayload*>(shared);
  }

  T value;
};

// An internal class for implementing Matcher<T>, which will derive
// from it.  We put functionalities common to all Matcher<T>
// specializations here to avoid code duplication.
template <typename T>
class MatcherBase : private MatcherDescriberInterface {
 public:
  // Returns true if and only if the matcher matches x; also explains the
  // match result to 'listener'.
  bool MatchAndExplain(const T& x, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
    GTEST_CHECK_(vtable_ != nullptr);
    return vtable_->match_and_explain(*this, x, listener);
  }

  // Returns true if and only if this matcher matches x.
  bool Matches(const T& x) const {
    DummyMatchResultListener dummy;
    return MatchAndExplain(x, &dummy);
  }

  // Describes this matcher to an ostream.
  void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const final {
    GTEST_CHECK_(vtable_ != nullptr);
    vtable_->describe(*this, os, false);
  }

  // Describes the negation of this matcher to an ostream.
  void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const final {
    GTEST_CHECK_(vtable_ != nullptr);
    vtable_->describe(*this, os, true);
  }

  // Explains why x matches, or doesn't match, the matcher.
  void ExplainMatchResultTo(const T& x, ::std::ostream* os) const {
    StreamMatchResultListener listener(os);
    MatchAndExplain(x, &listener);
  }

  // Returns the describer for this matcher object; retains ownership
  // of the describer, which is only guaranteed to be alive when
  // this matcher object is alive.
  const MatcherDescriberInterface* GetDescriber() const {
    if (vtable_ == nullptr) return nullptr;
    return vtable_->get_describer(*this);
  }

 protected:
  MatcherBase() : vtable_(nullptr), buffer_() {}

  // Constructs a matcher from its implementation.
  template <typename U>
  explicit MatcherBase(const MatcherInterface<U>* impl)
      : vtable_(nullptr), buffer_() {
    Init(impl);
  }

  template <typename M, typename = typename std::remove_reference<
                            M>::type::is_gtest_matcher>
  MatcherBase(M&& m) : vtable_(nullptr), buffer_() {  // NOLINT
    Init(std::forward<M>(m));
  }

  MatcherBase(const MatcherBase& other)
      : vtable_(other.vtable_), buffer_(other.buffer_) {
    if (IsShared()) buffer_.shared->Ref();
  }

  MatcherBase& operator=(const MatcherBase& other) {
    if (this == &other) return *this;
    Destroy();
    vtable_ = other.vtable_;
    buffer_ = other.buffer_;
    if (IsShared()) buffer_.shared->Ref();
    return *this;
  }

  MatcherBase(MatcherBase&& other)
      : vtable_(other.vtable_), buffer_(other.buffer_) {
    other.vtable_ = nullptr;
  }

  MatcherBase& operator=(MatcherBase&& other) {
    if (this == &other) return *this;
    Destroy();
    vtable_ = other.vtable_;
    buffer_ = other.buffer_;
    other.vtable_ = nullptr;
    return *this;
  }

  ~MatcherBase() override { Destroy(); }

 private:
  struct VTable {
    bool (*match_and_explain)(const MatcherBase&, const T&,
                              MatchResultListener*);
    void (*describe)(const MatcherBase&, std::ostream*, bool negation);
    // Returns the captured object if it implements the interface, otherwise
    // returns the MatcherBase itself.
    const MatcherDescriberInterface* (*get_describer)(const MatcherBase&);
    // Called on shared instances when the reference count reaches 0.
    void (*shared_destroy)(SharedPayloadBase*);
  };

  bool IsShared() const {
    return vtable_ != nullptr && vtable_->shared_destroy != nullptr;
  }

  // If the implementation uses a listener, call that.
  template <typename P>
  static auto MatchAndExplainImpl(const MatcherBase& m, const T& value,
                                  MatchResultListener* listener)
      -> decltype(P::Get(m).MatchAndExplain(value, listener->stream())) {
    return P::Get(m).MatchAndExplain(value, listener->stream());
  }

  template <typename P>
  static auto MatchAndExplainImpl(const MatcherBase& m, const T& value,
                                  MatchResultListener* listener)
      -> decltype(P::Get(m).MatchAndExplain(value, listener)) {
    return P::Get(m).MatchAndExplain(value, listener);
  }

  template <typename P>
  static void DescribeImpl(const MatcherBase& m, std::ostream* os,
                           bool negation) {
    if (negation) {
      P::Get(m).DescribeNegationTo(os);
    } else {
      P::Get(m).DescribeTo(os);
    }
  }

  template <typename P>
  static const MatcherDescriberInterface* GetDescriberImpl(
      const MatcherBase& m) {
    // If the impl is a MatcherDescriberInterface, then return it.
    // Otherwise use MatcherBase itself.
    // This allows us to implement the GetDescriber() function without support
    // from the impl, but some users really want to get their impl back when
    // they call GetDescriber().
    // We use std::get on a tuple as a workaround of not having `if constexpr`.
    return std::get<(
        std::is_convertible<decltype(&P::Get(m)),
                            const MatcherDescriberInterface*>::value
            ? 1
            : 0)>(std::make_tuple(&m, &P::Get(m)));
  }

  template <typename P>
  const VTable* GetVTable() {
    static constexpr VTable kVTable = {&MatchAndExplainImpl<P>,
                                       &DescribeImpl<P>, &GetDescriberImpl<P>,
                                       P::shared_destroy};
    return &kVTable;
  }

  union Buffer {
    // Add some types to give Buffer some common alignment/size use cases.
    void* ptr;
    double d;
    int64_t i;
    // And add one for the out-of-line cases.
    SharedPayloadBase* shared;
  };

  void Destroy() {
    if (IsShared() && buffer_.shared->Unref()) {
      vtable_->shared_destroy(buffer_.shared);
    }
  }

  template <typename M>
  static constexpr bool IsInlined() {
    return sizeof(M) <= sizeof(Buffer) && alignof(M) <= alignof(Buffer) &&
           std::is_trivially_copy_constructible<M>::value &&
           std::is_trivially_destructible<M>::value;
  }

  template <typename M, bool = MatcherBase::IsInlined<M>()>
  struct ValuePolicy {
    static const M& Get(const MatcherBase& m) {
      // When inlined along with Init, need to be explicit to avoid violating
      // strict aliasing rules.
      const M* ptr =
          static_cast<const M*>(static_cast<const void*>(&m.buffer_));
      return *ptr;
    }
    static void Init(MatcherBase& m, M impl) {
      ::new (static_cast<void*>(&m.buffer_)) M(impl);
    }
    static constexpr auto shared_destroy = nullptr;
  };

  template <typename M>
  struct ValuePolicy<M, false> {
    using Shared = SharedPayload<M>;
    static const M& Get(const MatcherBase& m) {
      return static_cast<Shared*>(m.buffer_.shared)->value;
    }
    template <typename Arg>
    static void Init(MatcherBase& m, Arg&& arg) {
      m.buffer_.shared = new Shared(std::forward<Arg>(arg));
    }
    static constexpr auto shared_destroy = &Shared::Destroy;
  };

  template <typename U, bool B>
  struct ValuePolicy<const MatcherInterface<U>*, B> {
    using M = const MatcherInterface<U>;
    using Shared = SharedPayload<std::unique_ptr<M>>;
    static const M& Get(const MatcherBase& m) {
      return *static_cast<Shared*>(m.buffer_.shared)->value;
    }
    static void Init(MatcherBase& m, M* impl) {
      m.buffer_.shared = new Shared(std::unique_ptr<M>(impl));
    }

    static constexpr auto shared_destroy = &Shared::Destroy;
  };

  template <typename M>
  void Init(M&& m) {
    using MM = typename std::decay<M>::type;
    using Policy = ValuePolicy<MM>;
    vtable_ = GetVTable<Policy>();
    Policy::Init(*this, std::forward<M>(m));
  }

  const VTable* vtable_;
  Buffer buffer_;
};

}  // namespace internal

// A Matcher<T> is a copyable and IMMUTABLE (except by assignment)
// object that can check whether a value of type T matches.  The
// implementation of Matcher<T> is just a std::shared_ptr to const
// MatcherInterface<T>.  Don't inherit from Matcher!
template <typename T>
class Matcher : public internal::MatcherBase<T> {
 public:
  // Constructs a null matcher.  Needed for storing Matcher objects in STL
  // containers.  A default-constructed matcher is not yet initialized.  You
  // cannot use it until a valid value has been assigned to it.
  explicit Matcher() {}  // NOLINT

  // Constructs a matcher from its implementation.
  explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<const T&>* impl)
      : internal::MatcherBase<T>(impl) {}

  template <typename U>
  explicit Matcher(
      const MatcherInterface<U>* impl,
      typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<U, const U&>::value>::type* =
          nullptr)
      : internal::MatcherBase<T>(impl) {}

  template <typename M, typename = typename std::remove_reference<
                            M>::type::is_gtest_matcher>
  Matcher(M&& m) : internal::MatcherBase<T>(std::forward<M>(m)) {}  // NOLINT

  // Implicit constructor here allows people to write
  // EXPECT_CALL(foo, Bar(5)) instead of EXPECT_CALL(foo, Bar(Eq(5))) sometimes
  Matcher(T value);  // NOLINT
};

// The following two specializations allow the user to write str
// instead of Eq(str) and "foo" instead of Eq("foo") when a std::string
// matcher is expected.
template <>
class GTEST_API_ Matcher<const std::string&>
    : public internal::MatcherBase<const std::string&> {
 public:
  Matcher() {}

  explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<const std::string&>* impl)
      : internal::MatcherBase<const std::string&>(impl) {}

  template <typename M, typename = typename std::remove_reference<
                            M>::type::is_gtest_matcher>
  Matcher(M&& m)  // NOLINT
      : internal::MatcherBase<const std::string&>(std::forward<M>(m)) {}

  // Allows the user to write str instead of Eq(str) sometimes, where
  // str is a std::string object.
  Matcher(const std::string& s);  // NOLINT

  // Allows the user to write "foo" instead of Eq("foo") sometimes.
  Matcher(const char* s);  // NOLINT
};

template <>
class GTEST_API_ Matcher<std::string>
    : public internal::MatcherBase<std::string> {
 public:
  Matcher() {}

  explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<const std::string&>* impl)
      : internal::MatcherBase<std::string>(impl) {}
  explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<std::string>* impl)
      : internal::MatcherBase<std::string>(impl) {}

  template <typename M, typename = typename std::remove_reference<
                            M>::type::is_gtest_matcher>
  Matcher(M&& m)  // NOLINT
      : internal::MatcherBase<std::string>(std::forward<M>(m)) {}

  // Allows the user to write str instead of Eq(str) sometimes, where
  // str is a string object.
  Matcher(const std::string& s);  // NOLINT

  // Allows the user to write "foo" instead of Eq("foo") sometimes.
  Matcher(const char* s);  // NOLINT
};

#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW
// The following two specializations allow the user to write str
// instead of Eq(str) and "foo" instead of Eq("foo") when a absl::string_view
// matcher is expected.
template <>
class GTEST_API_ Matcher<const internal::StringView&>
    : public internal::MatcherBase<const internal::StringView&> {
 public:
  Matcher() {}

  explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<const internal::StringView&>* impl)
      : internal::MatcherBase<const internal::StringView&>(impl) {}

  template <typename M, typename = typename std::remove_reference<
                            M>::type::is_gtest_matcher>
  Matcher(M&& m)  // NOLINT
      : internal::MatcherBase<const internal::StringView&>(std::forward<M>(m)) {
  }

  // Allows the user to write str instead of Eq(str) sometimes, where
  // str is a std::string object.
  Matcher(const std::string& s);  // NOLINT

  // Allows the user to write "foo" instead of Eq("foo") sometimes.
  Matcher(const char* s);  // NOLINT

  // Allows the user to pass absl::string_views or std::string_views directly.
  Matcher(internal::StringView s);  // NOLINT
};

template <>
class GTEST_API_ Matcher<internal::StringView>
    : public internal::MatcherBase<internal::StringView> {
 public:
  Matcher() {}

  explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<const internal::StringView&>* impl)
      : internal::MatcherBase<internal::StringView>(impl) {}
  explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<internal::StringView>* impl)
      : internal::MatcherBase<internal::StringView>(impl) {}

  template <typename M, typename = typename std::remove_reference<
                            M>::type::is_gtest_matcher>
  Matcher(M&& m)  // NOLINT
      : internal::MatcherBase<internal::StringView>(std::forward<M>(m)) {}

  // Allows the user to write str instead of Eq(str) sometimes, where
  // str is a std::string object.
  Matcher(const std::string& s);  // NOLINT

  // Allows the user to write "foo" instead of Eq("foo") sometimes.
  Matcher(const char* s);  // NOLINT

  // Allows the user to pass absl::string_views or std::string_views directly.
  Matcher(internal::StringView s);  // NOLINT
};
#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW

// Prints a matcher in a human-readable format.
template <typename T>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Matcher<T>& matcher) {
  matcher.DescribeTo(&os);
  return os;
}

// The PolymorphicMatcher class template makes it easy to implement a
// polymorphic matcher (i.e. a matcher that can match values of more
// than one type, e.g. Eq(n) and NotNull()).
//
// To define a polymorphic matcher, a user should provide an Impl
// class that has a DescribeTo() method and a DescribeNegationTo()
// method, and define a member function (or member function template)
//
//   bool MatchAndExplain(const Value& value,
//                        MatchResultListener* listener) const;
//
// See the definition of NotNull() for a complete example.
template <class Impl>
class PolymorphicMatcher {
 public:
  explicit PolymorphicMatcher(const Impl& an_impl) : impl_(an_impl) {}

  // Returns a mutable reference to the underlying matcher
  // implementation object.
  Impl& mutable_impl() { return impl_; }

  // Returns an immutable reference to the underlying matcher
  // implementation object.
  const Impl& impl() const { return impl_; }

  template <typename T>
  operator Matcher<T>() const {
    return Matcher<T>(new MonomorphicImpl<const T&>(impl_));
  }

 private:
  template <typename T>
  class MonomorphicImpl : public MatcherInterface<T> {
   public:
    explicit MonomorphicImpl(const Impl& impl) : impl_(impl) {}

    void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const override { impl_.DescribeTo(os); }

    void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const override {
      impl_.DescribeNegationTo(os);
    }

    bool MatchAndExplain(T x, MatchResultListener* listener) const override {
      return impl_.MatchAndExplain(x, listener);
    }

   private:
    const Impl impl_;
  };

  Impl impl_;
};

// Creates a matcher from its implementation.
// DEPRECATED: Especially in the generic code, prefer:
//   Matcher<T>(new MyMatcherImpl<const T&>(...));
//
// MakeMatcher may create a Matcher that accepts its argument by value, which
// leads to unnecessary copies & lack of support for non-copyable types.
template <typename T>
inline Matcher<T> MakeMatcher(const MatcherInterface<T>* impl) {
  return Matcher<T>(impl);
}

// Creates a polymorphic matcher from its implementation.  This is
// easier to use than the PolymorphicMatcher<Impl> constructor as it
// doesn't require you to explicitly write the template argument, e.g.
//
//   MakePolymorphicMatcher(foo);
// vs
//   PolymorphicMatcher<TypeOfFoo>(foo);
template <class Impl>
inline PolymorphicMatcher<Impl> MakePolymorphicMatcher(const Impl& impl) {
  return PolymorphicMatcher<Impl>(impl);
}

namespace internal {
// Implements a matcher that compares a given value with a
// pre-supplied value using one of the ==, <=, <, etc, operators.  The
// two values being compared don't have to have the same type.
//
// The matcher defined here is polymorphic (for example, Eq(5) can be
// used to match an int, a short, a double, etc).  Therefore we use
// a template type conversion operator in the implementation.
//
// The following template definition assumes that the Rhs parameter is
// a "bare" type (i.e. neither 'const T' nor 'T&').
template <typename D, typename Rhs, typename Op>
class ComparisonBase {
 public:
  explicit ComparisonBase(const Rhs& rhs) : rhs_(rhs) {}

  using is_gtest_matcher = void;

  template <typename Lhs>
  bool MatchAndExplain(const Lhs& lhs, std::ostream*) const {
    return Op()(lhs, Unwrap(rhs_));
  }
  void DescribeTo(std::ostream* os) const {
    *os << D::Desc() << " ";
    UniversalPrint(Unwrap(rhs_), os);
  }
  void DescribeNegationTo(std::ostream* os) const {
    *os << D::NegatedDesc() << " ";
    UniversalPrint(Unwrap(rhs_), os);
  }

 private:
  template <typename T>
  static const T& Unwrap(const T& v) {
    return v;
  }
  template <typename T>
  static const T& Unwrap(std::reference_wrapper<T> v) {
    return v;
  }

  Rhs rhs_;
};

template <typename Rhs>
class EqMatcher : public ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyEq> {
 public:
  explicit EqMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
      : ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyEq>(rhs) {}
  static const char* Desc() { return "is equal to"; }
  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't equal to"; }
};
template <typename Rhs>
class NeMatcher : public ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyNe> {
 public:
  explicit NeMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
      : ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyNe>(rhs) {}
  static const char* Desc() { return "isn't equal to"; }
  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "is equal to"; }
};
template <typename Rhs>
class LtMatcher : public ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLt> {
 public:
  explicit LtMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
      : ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLt>(rhs) {}
  static const char* Desc() { return "is <"; }
  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't <"; }
};
template <typename Rhs>
class GtMatcher : public ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGt> {
 public:
  explicit GtMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
      : ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGt>(rhs) {}
  static const char* Desc() { return "is >"; }
  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't >"; }
};
template <typename Rhs>
class LeMatcher : public ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLe> {
 public:
  explicit LeMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
      : ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLe>(rhs) {}
  static const char* Desc() { return "is <="; }
  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't <="; }
};
template <typename Rhs>
class GeMatcher : public ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGe> {
 public:
  explicit GeMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
      : ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGe>(rhs) {}
  static const char* Desc() { return "is >="; }
  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't >="; }
};

template <typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<
                          std::is_constructible<std::string, T>::value>::type>
using StringLike = T;

// Implements polymorphic matchers MatchesRegex(regex) and
// ContainsRegex(regex), which can be used as a Matcher<T> as long as
// T can be converted to a string.
class MatchesRegexMatcher {
 public:
  MatchesRegexMatcher(const RE* regex, bool full_match)
      : regex_(regex), full_match_(full_match) {}

#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW
  bool MatchAndExplain(const internal::StringView& s,
                       MatchResultListener* listener) const {
    return MatchAndExplain(std::string(s), listener);
  }
#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW

  // Accepts pointer types, particularly:
  //   const char*
  //   char*
  //   const wchar_t*
  //   wchar_t*
  template <typename CharType>
  bool MatchAndExplain(CharType* s, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
    return s != nullptr && MatchAndExplain(std::string(s), listener);
  }

  // Matches anything that can convert to std::string.
  //
  // This is a template, not just a plain function with const std::string&,
  // because absl::string_view has some interfering non-explicit constructors.
  template <class MatcheeStringType>
  bool MatchAndExplain(const MatcheeStringType& s,
                       MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
    const std::string& s2(s);
    return full_match_ ? RE::FullMatch(s2, *regex_)
                       : RE::PartialMatch(s2, *regex_);
  }

  void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
    *os << (full_match_ ? "matches" : "contains") << " regular expression ";
    UniversalPrinter<std::string>::Print(regex_->pattern(), os);
  }

  void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
    *os << "doesn't " << (full_match_ ? "match" : "contain")
        << " regular expression ";
    UniversalPrinter<std::string>::Print(regex_->pattern(), os);
  }

 private:
  const std::shared_ptr<const RE> regex_;
  const bool full_match_;
};
}  // namespace internal

// Matches a string that fully matches regular expression 'regex'.
// The matcher takes ownership of 'regex'.
inline PolymorphicMatcher<internal::MatchesRegexMatcher> MatchesRegex(
    const internal::RE* regex) {
  return MakePolymorphicMatcher(internal::MatchesRegexMatcher(regex, true));
}
template <typename T = std::string>
PolymorphicMatcher<internal::MatchesRegexMatcher> MatchesRegex(
    const internal::StringLike<T>& regex) {
  return MatchesRegex(new internal::RE(std::string(regex)));
}

// Matches a string that contains regular expression 'regex'.
// The matcher takes ownership of 'regex'.
inline PolymorphicMatcher<internal::MatchesRegexMatcher> ContainsRegex(
    const internal::RE* regex) {
  return MakePolymorphicMatcher(internal::MatchesRegexMatcher(regex, false));
}
template <typename T = std::string>
PolymorphicMatcher<internal::MatchesRegexMatcher> ContainsRegex(
    const internal::StringLike<T>& regex) {
  return ContainsRegex(new internal::RE(std::string(regex)));
}

// Creates a polymorphic matcher that matches anything equal to x.
// Note: if the parameter of Eq() were declared as const T&, Eq("foo")
// wouldn't compile.
template <typename T>
inline internal::EqMatcher<T> Eq(T x) {
  return internal::EqMatcher<T>(x);
}

// Constructs a Matcher<T> from a 'value' of type T.  The constructed
// matcher matches any value that's equal to 'value'.
template <typename T>
Matcher<T>::Matcher(T value) {
  *this = Eq(value);
}

// Creates a monomorphic matcher that matches anything with type Lhs
// and equal to rhs.  A user may need to use this instead of Eq(...)
// in order to resolve an overloading ambiguity.
//
// TypedEq<T>(x) is just a convenient short-hand for Matcher<T>(Eq(x))
// or Matcher<T>(x), but more readable than the latter.
//
// We could define similar monomorphic matchers for other comparison
// operations (e.g. TypedLt, TypedGe, and etc), but decided not to do
// it yet as those are used much less than Eq() in practice.  A user
// can always write Matcher<T>(Lt(5)) to be explicit about the type,
// for example.
template <typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
inline Matcher<Lhs> TypedEq(const Rhs& rhs) {
  return Eq(rhs);
}

// Creates a polymorphic matcher that matches anything >= x.
template <typename Rhs>
inline internal::GeMatcher<Rhs> Ge(Rhs x) {
  return internal::GeMatcher<Rhs>(x);
}

// Creates a polymorphic matcher that matches anything > x.
template <typename Rhs>
inline internal::GtMatcher<Rhs> Gt(Rhs x) {
  return internal::GtMatcher<Rhs>(x);
}

// Creates a polymorphic matcher that matches anything <= x.
template <typename Rhs>
inline internal::LeMatcher<Rhs> Le(Rhs x) {
  return internal::LeMatcher<Rhs>(x);
}

// Creates a polymorphic matcher that matches anything < x.
template <typename Rhs>
inline internal::LtMatcher<Rhs> Lt(Rhs x) {
  return internal::LtMatcher<Rhs>(x);
}

// Creates a polymorphic matcher that matches anything != x.
template <typename Rhs>
inline internal::NeMatcher<Rhs> Ne(Rhs x) {
  return internal::NeMatcher<Rhs>(x);
}
}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251 5046

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file defines the Message class.
//
// IMPORTANT NOTE: Due to limitation of the C++ language, we have to
// leave some internal implementation details in this header file.
// They are clearly marked by comments like this:
//
//   // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
//
// Such code is NOT meant to be used by a user directly, and is subject
// to CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.  Therefore DO NOT DEPEND ON IT in a user
// program!

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_

#include <limits>
#include <memory>
#include <sstream>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

// Ensures that there is at least one operator<< in the global namespace.
// See Message& operator<<(...) below for why.
void operator<<(const testing::internal::Secret&, int);

namespace testing {

// The Message class works like an ostream repeater.
//
// Typical usage:
//
//   1. You stream a bunch of values to a Message object.
//      It will remember the text in a stringstream.
//   2. Then you stream the Message object to an ostream.
//      This causes the text in the Message to be streamed
//      to the ostream.
//
// For example;
//
//   testing::Message foo;
//   foo << 1 << " != " << 2;
//   std::cout << foo;
//
// will print "1 != 2".
//
// Message is not intended to be inherited from.  In particular, its
// destructor is not virtual.
//
// Note that stringstream behaves differently in gcc and in MSVC.  You
// can stream a NULL char pointer to it in the former, but not in the
// latter (it causes an access violation if you do).  The Message
// class hides this difference by treating a NULL char pointer as
// "(null)".
class GTEST_API_ Message {
 private:
  // The type of basic IO manipulators (endl, ends, and flush) for
  // narrow streams.
  typedef std::ostream& (*BasicNarrowIoManip)(std::ostream&);

 public:
  // Constructs an empty Message.
  Message();

  // Copy constructor.
  Message(const Message& msg) : ss_(new ::std::stringstream) {  // NOLINT
    *ss_ << msg.GetString();
  }

  // Constructs a Message from a C-string.
  explicit Message(const char* str) : ss_(new ::std::stringstream) {
    *ss_ << str;
  }

  // Streams a non-pointer value to this object.
  template <typename T>
  inline Message& operator<<(const T& val) {
        // Some libraries overload << for STL containers.  These
    // overloads are defined in the global namespace instead of ::std.
    //
    // C++'s symbol lookup rule (i.e. Koenig lookup) says that these
    // overloads are visible in either the std namespace or the global
    // namespace, but not other namespaces, including the testing
    // namespace which Google Test's Message class is in.
    //
    // To allow STL containers (and other types that has a << operator
    // defined in the global namespace) to be used in Google Test
    // assertions, testing::Message must access the custom << operator
    // from the global namespace.  With this using declaration,
    // overloads of << defined in the global namespace and those
    // visible via Koenig lookup are both exposed in this function.
    using ::operator<<;
    *ss_ << val;
    return *this;
  }

  // Streams a pointer value to this object.
  //
  // This function is an overload of the previous one.  When you
  // stream a pointer to a Message, this definition will be used as it
  // is more specialized.  (The C++ Standard, section
  // [temp.func.order].)  If you stream a non-pointer, then the
  // previous definition will be used.
  //
  // The reason for this overload is that streaming a NULL pointer to
  // ostream is undefined behavior.  Depending on the compiler, you
  // may get "0", "(nil)", "(null)", or an access violation.  To
  // ensure consistent result across compilers, we always treat NULL
  // as "(null)".
  template <typename T>
  inline Message& operator<<(T* const& pointer) {  // NOLINT
    if (pointer == nullptr) {
      *ss_ << "(null)";
    } else {
      *ss_ << pointer;
    }
    return *this;
  }

  // Since the basic IO manipulators are overloaded for both narrow
  // and wide streams, we have to provide this specialized definition
  // of operator <<, even though its body is the same as the
  // templatized version above.  Without this definition, streaming
  // endl or other basic IO manipulators to Message will confuse the
  // compiler.
  Message& operator<<(BasicNarrowIoManip val) {
    *ss_ << val;
    return *this;
  }

  // Instead of 1/0, we want to see true/false for bool values.
  Message& operator<<(bool b) { return *this << (b ? "true" : "false"); }

  // These two overloads allow streaming a wide C string to a Message
  // using the UTF-8 encoding.
  Message& operator<<(const wchar_t* wide_c_str);
  Message& operator<<(wchar_t* wide_c_str);

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
  // Converts the given wide string to a narrow string using the UTF-8
  // encoding, and streams the result to this Message object.
  Message& operator<<(const ::std::wstring& wstr);
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

  // Gets the text streamed to this object so far as an std::string.
  // Each '\0' character in the buffer is replaced with "\\0".
  //
  // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
  std::string GetString() const;

 private:
  // We'll hold the text streamed to this object here.
  const std::unique_ptr< ::std::stringstream> ss_;

  // We declare (but don't implement) this to prevent the compiler
  // from implementing the assignment operator.
  void operator=(const Message&);
};

// Streams a Message to an ostream.
inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Message& sb) {
  return os << sb.GetString();
}

namespace internal {

// Converts a streamable value to an std::string.  A NULL pointer is
// converted to "(null)".  When the input value is a ::string,
// ::std::string, ::wstring, or ::std::wstring object, each NUL
// character in it is replaced with "\\0".
template <typename T>
std::string StreamableToString(const T& streamable) {
  return (Message() << streamable).GetString();
}

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
================================================
// Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Macros and functions for implementing parameterized tests
// in Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_

// Value-parameterized tests allow you to test your code with different
// parameters without writing multiple copies of the same test.
//
// Here is how you use value-parameterized tests:

#if 0

// To write value-parameterized tests, first you should define a fixture
// class. It is usually derived from testing::TestWithParam<T> (see below for
// another inheritance scheme that's sometimes useful in more complicated
// class hierarchies), where the type of your parameter values.
// TestWithParam<T> is itself derived from testing::Test. T can be any
// copyable type. If it's a raw pointer, you are responsible for managing the
// lifespan of the pointed values.

class FooTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<const char*> {
  // You can implement all the usual class fixture members here.
};

// Then, use the TEST_P macro to define as many parameterized tests
// for this fixture as you want. The _P suffix is for "parameterized"
// or "pattern", whichever you prefer to think.

TEST_P(FooTest, DoesBlah) {
  // Inside a test, access the test parameter with the GetParam() method
  // of the TestWithParam<T> class:
  EXPECT_TRUE(foo.Blah(GetParam()));
  ...
}

TEST_P(FooTest, HasBlahBlah) {
  ...
}

// Finally, you can use INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P to instantiate the test
// case with any set of parameters you want. Google Test defines a number
// of functions for generating test parameters. They return what we call
// (surprise!) parameter generators. Here is a summary of them, which
// are all in the testing namespace:
//
//
//  Range(begin, end [, step]) - Yields values {begin, begin+step,
//                               begin+step+step, ...}. The values do not
//                               include end. step defaults to 1.
//  Values(v1, v2, ..., vN)    - Yields values {v1, v2, ..., vN}.
//  ValuesIn(container)        - Yields values from a C-style array, an STL
//  ValuesIn(begin,end)          container, or an iterator range [begin, end).
//  Bool()                     - Yields sequence {false, true}.
//  Combine(g1, g2, ..., gN)   - Yields all combinations (the Cartesian product
//                               for the math savvy) of the values generated
//                               by the N generators.
//
// For more details, see comments at the definitions of these functions below
// in this file.
//
// The following statement will instantiate tests from the FooTest test suite
// each with parameter values "meeny", "miny", and "moe".

INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(InstantiationName,
                         FooTest,
                         Values("meeny", "miny", "moe"));

// To distinguish different instances of the pattern, (yes, you
// can instantiate it more than once) the first argument to the
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P macro is a prefix that will be added to the
// actual test suite name. Remember to pick unique prefixes for different
// instantiations. The tests from the instantiation above will have
// these names:
//
//    * InstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/0 for "meeny"
//    * InstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/1 for "miny"
//    * InstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/2 for "moe"
//    * InstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/0 for "meeny"
//    * InstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/1 for "miny"
//    * InstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/2 for "moe"
//
// You can use these names in --gtest_filter.
//
// This statement will instantiate all tests from FooTest again, each
// with parameter values "cat" and "dog":

const char* pets[] = {"cat", "dog"};
INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AnotherInstantiationName, FooTest, ValuesIn(pets));

// The tests from the instantiation above will have these names:
//
//    * AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/0 for "cat"
//    * AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/1 for "dog"
//    * AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/0 for "cat"
//    * AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/1 for "dog"
//
// Please note that INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P will instantiate all tests
// in the given test suite, whether their definitions come before or
// AFTER the INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P statement.
//
// Please also note that generator expressions (including parameters to the
// generators) are evaluated in InitGoogleTest(), after main() has started.
// This allows the user on one hand, to adjust generator parameters in order
// to dynamically determine a set of tests to run and on the other hand,
// give the user a chance to inspect the generated tests with Google Test
// reflection API before RUN_ALL_TESTS() is executed.
//
// You can see samples/sample7_unittest.cc and samples/sample8_unittest.cc
// for more examples.
//
// In the future, we plan to publish the API for defining new parameter
// generators. But for now this interface remains part of the internal
// implementation and is subject to change.
//
//
// A parameterized test fixture must be derived from testing::Test and from
// testing::WithParamInterface<T>, where T is the type of the parameter
// values. Inheriting from TestWithParam<T> satisfies that requirement because
// TestWithParam<T> inherits from both Test and WithParamInterface. In more
// complicated hierarchies, however, it is occasionally useful to inherit
// separately from Test and WithParamInterface. For example:

class BaseTest : public ::testing::Test {
  // You can inherit all the usual members for a non-parameterized test
  // fixture here.
};

class DerivedTest : public BaseTest, public ::testing::WithParamInterface<int> {
  // The usual test fixture members go here too.
};

TEST_F(BaseTest, HasFoo) {
  // This is an ordinary non-parameterized test.
}

TEST_P(DerivedTest, DoesBlah) {
  // GetParam works just the same here as if you inherit from TestWithParam.
  EXPECT_TRUE(foo.Blah(GetParam()));
}

#endif  // 0

#include <iterator>
#include <utility>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

namespace testing {

// Functions producing parameter generators.
//
// Google Test uses these generators to produce parameters for value-
// parameterized tests. When a parameterized test suite is instantiated
// with a particular generator, Google Test creates and runs tests
// for each element in the sequence produced by the generator.
//
// In the following sample, tests from test suite FooTest are instantiated
// each three times with parameter values 3, 5, and 8:
//
// class FooTest : public TestWithParam<int> { ... };
//
// TEST_P(FooTest, TestThis) {
// }
// TEST_P(FooTest, TestThat) {
// }
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(TestSequence, FooTest, Values(3, 5, 8));
//

// Range() returns generators providing sequences of values in a range.
//
// Synopsis:
// Range(start, end)
//   - returns a generator producing a sequence of values {start, start+1,
//     start+2, ..., }.
// Range(start, end, step)
//   - returns a generator producing a sequence of values {start, start+step,
//     start+step+step, ..., }.
// Notes:
//   * The generated sequences never include end. For example, Range(1, 5)
//     returns a generator producing a sequence {1, 2, 3, 4}. Range(1, 9, 2)
//     returns a generator producing {1, 3, 5, 7}.
//   * start and end must have the same type. That type may be any integral or
//     floating-point type or a user defined type satisfying these conditions:
//     * It must be assignable (have operator=() defined).
//     * It must have operator+() (operator+(int-compatible type) for
//       two-operand version).
//     * It must have operator<() defined.
//     Elements in the resulting sequences will also have that type.
//   * Condition start < end must be satisfied in order for resulting sequences
//     to contain any elements.
//
template <typename T, typename IncrementT>
internal::ParamGenerator<T> Range(T start, T end, IncrementT step) {
  return internal::ParamGenerator<T>(
      new internal::RangeGenerator<T, IncrementT>(start, end, step));
}

template <typename T>
internal::ParamGenerator<T> Range(T start, T end) {
  return Range(start, end, 1);
}

// ValuesIn() function allows generation of tests with parameters coming from
// a container.
//
// Synopsis:
// ValuesIn(const T (&array)[N])
//   - returns a generator producing sequences with elements from
//     a C-style array.
// ValuesIn(const Container& container)
//   - returns a generator producing sequences with elements from
//     an STL-style container.
// ValuesIn(Iterator begin, Iterator end)
//   - returns a generator producing sequences with elements from
//     a range [begin, end) defined by a pair of STL-style iterators. These
//     iterators can also be plain C pointers.
//
// Please note that ValuesIn copies the values from the containers
// passed in and keeps them to generate tests in RUN_ALL_TESTS().
//
// Examples:
//
// This instantiates tests from test suite StringTest
// each with C-string values of "foo", "bar", and "baz":
//
// const char* strings[] = {"foo", "bar", "baz"};
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(StringSequence, StringTest, ValuesIn(strings));
//
// This instantiates tests from test suite StlStringTest
// each with STL strings with values "a" and "b":
//
// ::std::vector< ::std::string> GetParameterStrings() {
//   ::std::vector< ::std::string> v;
//   v.push_back("a");
//   v.push_back("b");
//   return v;
// }
//
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(CharSequence,
//                          StlStringTest,
//                          ValuesIn(GetParameterStrings()));
//
//
// This will also instantiate tests from CharTest
// each with parameter values 'a' and 'b':
//
// ::std::list<char> GetParameterChars() {
//   ::std::list<char> list;
//   list.push_back('a');
//   list.push_back('b');
//   return list;
// }
// ::std::list<char> l = GetParameterChars();
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(CharSequence2,
//                          CharTest,
//                          ValuesIn(l.begin(), l.end()));
//
template <typename ForwardIterator>
internal::ParamGenerator<
    typename std::iterator_traits<ForwardIterator>::value_type>
ValuesIn(ForwardIterator begin, ForwardIterator end) {
  typedef typename std::iterator_traits<ForwardIterator>::value_type ParamType;
  return internal::ParamGenerator<ParamType>(
      new internal::ValuesInIteratorRangeGenerator<ParamType>(begin, end));
}

template <typename T, size_t N>
internal::ParamGenerator<T> ValuesIn(const T (&array)[N]) {
  return ValuesIn(array, array + N);
}

template <class Container>
internal::ParamGenerator<typename Container::value_type> ValuesIn(
    const Container& container) {
  return ValuesIn(container.begin(), container.end());
}

// Values() allows generating tests from explicitly specified list of
// parameters.
//
// Synopsis:
// Values(T v1, T v2, ..., T vN)
//   - returns a generator producing sequences with elements v1, v2, ..., vN.
//
// For example, this instantiates tests from test suite BarTest each
// with values "one", "two", and "three":
//
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(NumSequence,
//                          BarTest,
//                          Values("one", "two", "three"));
//
// This instantiates tests from test suite BazTest each with values 1, 2, 3.5.
// The exact type of values will depend on the type of parameter in BazTest.
//
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(FloatingNumbers, BazTest, Values(1, 2, 3.5));
//
//
template <typename... T>
internal::ValueArray<T...> Values(T... v) {
  return internal::ValueArray<T...>(std::move(v)...);
}

// Bool() allows generating tests with parameters in a set of (false, true).
//
// Synopsis:
// Bool()
//   - returns a generator producing sequences with elements {false, true}.
//
// It is useful when testing code that depends on Boolean flags. Combinations
// of multiple flags can be tested when several Bool()'s are combined using
// Combine() function.
//
// In the following example all tests in the test suite FlagDependentTest
// will be instantiated twice with parameters false and true.
//
// class FlagDependentTest : public testing::TestWithParam<bool> {
//   virtual void SetUp() {
//     external_flag = GetParam();
//   }
// }
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(BoolSequence, FlagDependentTest, Bool());
//
inline internal::ParamGenerator<bool> Bool() { return Values(false, true); }

// Combine() allows the user to combine two or more sequences to produce
// values of a Cartesian product of those sequences' elements.
//
// Synopsis:
// Combine(gen1, gen2, ..., genN)
//   - returns a generator producing sequences with elements coming from
//     the Cartesian product of elements from the sequences generated by
//     gen1, gen2, ..., genN. The sequence elements will have a type of
//     std::tuple<T1, T2, ..., TN> where T1, T2, ..., TN are the types
//     of elements from sequences produces by gen1, gen2, ..., genN.
//
// Example:
//
// This will instantiate tests in test suite AnimalTest each one with
// the parameter values tuple("cat", BLACK), tuple("cat", WHITE),
// tuple("dog", BLACK), and tuple("dog", WHITE):
//
// enum Color { BLACK, GRAY, WHITE };
// class AnimalTest
//     : public testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<const char*, Color> > {...};
//
// TEST_P(AnimalTest, AnimalLooksNice) {...}
//
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AnimalVariations, AnimalTest,
//                          Combine(Values("cat", "dog"),
//                                  Values(BLACK, WHITE)));
//
// This will instantiate tests in FlagDependentTest with all variations of two
// Boolean flags:
//
// class FlagDependentTest
//     : public testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<bool, bool> > {
//   virtual void SetUp() {
//     // Assigns external_flag_1 and external_flag_2 values from the tuple.
//     std::tie(external_flag_1, external_flag_2) = GetParam();
//   }
// };
//
// TEST_P(FlagDependentTest, TestFeature1) {
//   // Test your code using external_flag_1 and external_flag_2 here.
// }
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(TwoBoolSequence, FlagDependentTest,
//                          Combine(Bool(), Bool()));
//
template <typename... Generator>
internal::CartesianProductHolder<Generator...> Combine(const Generator&... g) {
  return internal::CartesianProductHolder<Generator...>(g...);
}

#define TEST_P(test_suite_name, test_name)                                     \
  class GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                     \
      : public test_suite_name {                                               \
   public:                                                                     \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)() {}                    \
    void TestBody() override;                                                  \
                                                                               \
   private:                                                                    \
    static int AddToRegistry() {                                               \
      ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()                                       \
          ->parameterized_test_registry()                                      \
          .GetTestSuitePatternHolder<test_suite_name>(                         \
              GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_suite_name),                               \
              ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__))           \
          ->AddTestPattern(                                                    \
              GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_suite_name), GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_name),  \
              new ::testing::internal::TestMetaFactory<GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_( \
                  test_suite_name, test_name)>(),                              \
              ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__));          \
      return 0;                                                                \
    }                                                                          \
    static int gtest_registering_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;               \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                         \
    (const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) &) = delete;     \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) & operator=(            \
        const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,                          \
                                     test_name) &) = delete; /* NOLINT */      \
  };                                                                           \
  int GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,                                  \
                             test_name)::gtest_registering_dummy_ =            \
      GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)::AddToRegistry();     \
  void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)::TestBody()

// The last argument to INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P allows the user to specify
// generator and an optional function or functor that generates custom test name
// suffixes based on the test parameters. Such a function or functor should
// accept one argument of type testing::TestParamInfo<class ParamType>, and
// return std::string.
//
// testing::PrintToStringParamName is a builtin test suffix generator that
// returns the value of testing::PrintToString(GetParam()).
//
// Note: test names must be non-empty, unique, and may only contain ASCII
// alphanumeric characters or underscore. Because PrintToString adds quotes
// to std::string and C strings, it won't work for these types.

#define GTEST_EXPAND_(arg) arg
#define GTEST_GET_FIRST_(first, ...) first
#define GTEST_GET_SECOND_(first, second, ...) second

#define INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(prefix, test_suite_name, ...)               \
  static ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_suite_name::ParamType>     \
      gtest_##prefix##test_suite_name##_EvalGenerator_() {                   \
    return GTEST_EXPAND_(GTEST_GET_FIRST_(__VA_ARGS__, DUMMY_PARAM_));       \
  }                                                                          \
  static ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_suite_name##_EvalGenerateName_(  \
      const ::testing::TestParamInfo<test_suite_name::ParamType>& info) {    \
    if (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse()) {                                \
      ::testing::internal::TestNotEmpty(GTEST_EXPAND_(GTEST_GET_SECOND_(     \
          __VA_ARGS__,                                                       \
          ::testing::internal::DefaultParamName<test_suite_name::ParamType>, \
          DUMMY_PARAM_)));                                                   \
      auto t = std::make_tuple(__VA_ARGS__);                                 \
      static_assert(std::tuple_size<decltype(t)>::value <= 2,                \
                    "Too Many Args!");                                       \
    }                                                                        \
    return ((GTEST_EXPAND_(GTEST_GET_SECOND_(                                \
        __VA_ARGS__,                                                         \
        ::testing::internal::DefaultParamName<test_suite_name::ParamType>,   \
        DUMMY_PARAM_))))(info);                                              \
  }                                                                          \
  static int gtest_##prefix##test_suite_name##_dummy_                        \
      GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ =                                              \
          ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()                                 \
              ->parameterized_test_registry()                                \
              .GetTestSuitePatternHolder<test_suite_name>(                   \
                  GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_suite_name),                         \
                  ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__))     \
              ->AddTestSuiteInstantiation(                                   \
                  GTEST_STRINGIFY_(prefix),                                  \
                  &gtest_##prefix##test_suite_name##_EvalGenerator_,         \
                  &gtest_##prefix##test_suite_name##_EvalGenerateName_,      \
                  __FILE__, __LINE__)

// Allow Marking a Parameterized test class as not needing to be instantiated.
#define GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(T)                  \
  namespace gtest_do_not_use_outside_namespace_scope {}                   \
  static const ::testing::internal::MarkAsIgnored gtest_allow_ignore_##T( \
      GTEST_STRINGIFY_(T))

// Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
#define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P                                            \
  static_assert(::testing::internal::InstantiateTestCase_P_IsDeprecated(), \
                "");                                                       \
  INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

}  // namespace testing

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
================================================
// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Google Test - The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework
//
// This file implements a universal value printer that can print a
// value of any type T:
//
//   void ::testing::internal::UniversalPrinter<T>::Print(value, ostream_ptr);
//
// A user can teach this function how to print a class type T by
// defining either operator<<() or PrintTo() in the namespace that
// defines T.  More specifically, the FIRST defined function in the
// following list will be used (assuming T is defined in namespace
// foo):
//
//   1. foo::PrintTo(const T&, ostream*)
//   2. operator<<(ostream&, const T&) defined in either foo or the
//      global namespace.
//
// However if T is an STL-style container then it is printed element-wise
// unless foo::PrintTo(const T&, ostream*) is defined. Note that
// operator<<() is ignored for container types.
//
// If none of the above is defined, it will print the debug string of
// the value if it is a protocol buffer, or print the raw bytes in the
// value otherwise.
//
// To aid debugging: when T is a reference type, the address of the
// value is also printed; when T is a (const) char pointer, both the
// pointer value and the NUL-terminated string it points to are
// printed.
//
// We also provide some convenient wrappers:
//
//   // Prints a value to a string.  For a (const or not) char
//   // pointer, the NUL-terminated string (but not the pointer) is
//   // printed.
//   std::string ::testing::PrintToString(const T& value);
//
//   // Prints a value tersely: for a reference type, the referenced
//   // value (but not the address) is printed; for a (const or not) char
//   // pointer, the NUL-terminated string (but not the pointer) is
//   // printed.
//   void ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrint(const T& value, ostream*);
//
//   // Prints value using the type inferred by the compiler.  The difference
//   // from UniversalTersePrint() is that this function prints both the
//   // pointer and the NUL-terminated string for a (const or not) char pointer.
//   void ::testing::internal::UniversalPrint(const T& value, ostream*);
//
//   // Prints the fields of a tuple tersely to a string vector, one
//   // element for each field. Tuple support must be enabled in
//   // gtest-port.h.
//   std::vector<string> UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(
//       const Tuple& value);
//
// Known limitation:
//
// The print primitives print the elements of an STL-style container
// using the compiler-inferred type of *iter where iter is a
// const_iterator of the container.  When const_iterator is an input
// iterator but not a forward iterator, this inferred type may not
// match value_type, and the print output may be incorrect.  In
// practice, this is rarely a problem as for most containers
// const_iterator is a forward iterator.  We'll fix this if there's an
// actual need for it.  Note that this fix cannot rely on value_type
// being defined as many user-defined container types don't have
// value_type.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_

#include <functional>
#include <memory>
#include <ostream>  // NOLINT
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

namespace testing {

// Definitions in the internal* namespaces are subject to change without notice.
// DO NOT USE THEM IN USER CODE!
namespace internal {

template <typename T>
void UniversalPrint(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os);

// Used to print an STL-style container when the user doesn't define
// a PrintTo() for it.
struct ContainerPrinter {
  template <typename T,
            typename = typename std::enable_if<
                (sizeof(IsContainerTest<T>(0)) == sizeof(IsContainer)) &&
                !IsRecursiveContainer<T>::value>::type>
  static void PrintValue(const T& container, std::ostream* os) {
    const size_t kMaxCount = 32;  // The maximum number of elements to print.
    *os << '{';
    size_t count = 0;
    for (auto&& elem : container) {
      if (count > 0) {
        *os << ',';
        if (count == kMaxCount) {  // Enough has been printed.
          *os << " ...";
          break;
        }
      }
      *os << ' ';
      // We cannot call PrintTo(elem, os) here as PrintTo() doesn't
      // handle `elem` being a native array.
      internal::UniversalPrint(elem, os);
      ++count;
    }

    if (count > 0) {
      *os << ' ';
    }
    *os << '}';
  }
};

// Used to print a pointer that is neither a char pointer nor a member
// pointer, when the user doesn't define PrintTo() for it.  (A member
// variable pointer or member function pointer doesn't really point to
// a location in the address space.  Their representation is
// implementation-defined.  Therefore they will be printed as raw
// bytes.)
struct FunctionPointerPrinter {
  template <typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<
                            std::is_function<T>::value>::type>
  static void PrintValue(T* p, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (p == nullptr) {
      *os << "NULL";
    } else {
      // T is a function type, so '*os << p' doesn't do what we want
      // (it just prints p as bool).  We want to print p as a const
      // void*.
      *os << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(p);
    }
  }
};

struct PointerPrinter {
  template <typename T>
  static void PrintValue(T* p, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (p == nullptr) {
      *os << "NULL";
    } else {
      // T is not a function type.  We just call << to print p,
      // relying on ADL to pick up user-defined << for their pointer
      // types, if any.
      *os << p;
    }
  }
};

namespace internal_stream_operator_without_lexical_name_lookup {

// The presence of an operator<< here will terminate lexical scope lookup
// straight away (even though it cannot be a match because of its argument
// types). Thus, the two operator<< calls in StreamPrinter will find only ADL
// candidates.
struct LookupBlocker {};
void operator<<(LookupBlocker, LookupBlocker);

struct StreamPrinter {
  template <typename T,
            // Don't accept member pointers here. We'd print them via implicit
            // conversion to bool, which isn't useful.
            typename = typename std::enable_if<
                !std::is_member_pointer<T>::value>::type,
            // Only accept types for which we can find a streaming operator via
            // ADL (possibly involving implicit conversions).
            typename = decltype(std::declval<std::ostream&>()
                                << std::declval<const T&>())>
  static void PrintValue(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    // Call streaming operator found by ADL, possibly with implicit conversions
    // of the arguments.
    *os << value;
  }
};

}  // namespace internal_stream_operator_without_lexical_name_lookup

struct ProtobufPrinter {
  // We print a protobuf using its ShortDebugString() when the string
  // doesn't exceed this many characters; otherwise we print it using
  // DebugString() for better readability.
  static const size_t kProtobufOneLinerMaxLength = 50;

  template <typename T,
            typename = typename std::enable_if<
                internal::HasDebugStringAndShortDebugString<T>::value>::type>
  static void PrintValue(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    std::string pretty_str = value.ShortDebugString();
    if (pretty_str.length() > kProtobufOneLinerMaxLength) {
      pretty_str = "\n" + value.DebugString();
    }
    *os << ("<" + pretty_str + ">");
  }
};

struct ConvertibleToIntegerPrinter {
  // Since T has no << operator or PrintTo() but can be implicitly
  // converted to BiggestInt, we print it as a BiggestInt.
  //
  // Most likely T is an enum type (either named or unnamed), in which
  // case printing it as an integer is the desired behavior.  In case
  // T is not an enum, printing it as an integer is the best we can do
  // given that it has no user-defined printer.
  static void PrintValue(internal::BiggestInt value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    *os << value;
  }
};

struct ConvertibleToStringViewPrinter {
#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW
  static void PrintValue(internal::StringView value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    internal::UniversalPrint(value, os);
  }
#endif
};

// Prints the given number of bytes in the given object to the given
// ostream.
GTEST_API_ void PrintBytesInObjectTo(const unsigned char* obj_bytes,
                                     size_t count, ::std::ostream* os);
struct RawBytesPrinter {
  // SFINAE on `sizeof` to make sure we have a complete type.
  template <typename T, size_t = sizeof(T)>
  static void PrintValue(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    PrintBytesInObjectTo(
        static_cast<const unsigned char*>(
            // Load bearing cast to void* to support iOS
            reinterpret_cast<const void*>(std::addressof(value))),
        sizeof(value), os);
  }
};

struct FallbackPrinter {
  template <typename T>
  static void PrintValue(const T&, ::std::ostream* os) {
    *os << "(incomplete type)";
  }
};

// Try every printer in order and return the first one that works.
template <typename T, typename E, typename Printer, typename... Printers>
struct FindFirstPrinter : FindFirstPrinter<T, E, Printers...> {};

template <typename T, typename Printer, typename... Printers>
struct FindFirstPrinter<
    T, decltype(Printer::PrintValue(std::declval<const T&>(), nullptr)),
    Printer, Printers...> {
  using type = Printer;
};

// Select the best printer in the following order:
//  - Print containers (they have begin/end/etc).
//  - Print function pointers.
//  - Print object pointers.
//  - Use the stream operator, if available.
//  - Print protocol buffers.
//  - Print types convertible to BiggestInt.
//  - Print types convertible to StringView, if available.
//  - Fallback to printing the raw bytes of the object.
template <typename T>
void PrintWithFallback(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
  using Printer = typename FindFirstPrinter<
      T, void, ContainerPrinter, FunctionPointerPrinter, PointerPrinter,
      internal_stream_operator_without_lexical_name_lookup::StreamPrinter,
      ProtobufPrinter, ConvertibleToIntegerPrinter,
      ConvertibleToStringViewPrinter, RawBytesPrinter, FallbackPrinter>::type;
  Printer::PrintValue(value, os);
}

// FormatForComparison<ToPrint, OtherOperand>::Format(value) formats a
// value of type ToPrint that is an operand of a comparison assertion
// (e.g. ASSERT_EQ).  OtherOperand is the type of the other operand in
// the comparison, and is used to help determine the best way to
// format the value.  In particular, when the value is a C string
// (char pointer) and the other operand is an STL string object, we
// want to format the C string as a string, since we know it is
// compared by value with the string object.  If the value is a char
// pointer but the other operand is not an STL string object, we don't
// know whether the pointer is supposed to point to a NUL-terminated
// string, and thus want to print it as a pointer to be safe.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.

// The default case.
template <typename ToPrint, typename OtherOperand>
class FormatForComparison {
 public:
  static ::std::string Format(const ToPrint& value) {
    return ::testing::PrintToString(value);
  }
};

// Array.
template <typename ToPrint, size_t N, typename OtherOperand>
class FormatForComparison<ToPrint[N], OtherOperand> {
 public:
  static ::std::string Format(const ToPrint* value) {
    return FormatForComparison<const ToPrint*, OtherOperand>::Format(value);
  }
};

// By default, print C string as pointers to be safe, as we don't know
// whether they actually point to a NUL-terminated string.

#define GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(CharType)                \
  template <typename OtherOperand>                                      \
  class FormatForComparison<CharType*, OtherOperand> {                  \
   public:                                                              \
    static ::std::string Format(CharType* value) {                      \
      return ::testing::PrintToString(static_cast<const void*>(value)); \
    }                                                                   \
  }

GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(char);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(wchar_t);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const wchar_t);
#ifdef __cpp_lib_char8_t
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(char8_t);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char8_t);
#endif
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(char16_t);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char16_t);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(char32_t);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char32_t);

#undef GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_

// If a C string is compared with an STL string object, we know it's meant
// to point to a NUL-terminated string, and thus can print it as a string.

#define GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(CharType, OtherStringType) \
  template <>                                                            \
  class FormatForComparison<CharType*, OtherStringType> {                \
   public:                                                               \
    static ::std::string Format(CharType* value) {                       \
      return ::testing::PrintToString(value);                            \
    }                                                                    \
  }

GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char, ::std::string);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char, ::std::string);
#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char8_t, ::std::u8string);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char8_t, ::std::u8string);
#endif
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char16_t, ::std::u16string);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char16_t, ::std::u16string);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char32_t, ::std::u32string);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char32_t, ::std::u32string);

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(wchar_t, ::std::wstring);
GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const wchar_t, ::std::wstring);
#endif

#undef GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_

// Formats a comparison assertion (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_LT, and etc)
// operand to be used in a failure message.  The type (but not value)
// of the other operand may affect the format.  This allows us to
// print a char* as a raw pointer when it is compared against another
// char* or void*, and print it as a C string when it is compared
// against an std::string object, for example.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
std::string FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(const T1& value,
                                              const T2& /* other_operand */) {
  return FormatForComparison<T1, T2>::Format(value);
}

// UniversalPrinter<T>::Print(value, ostream_ptr) prints the given
// value to the given ostream.  The caller must ensure that
// 'ostream_ptr' is not NULL, or the behavior is undefined.
//
// We define UniversalPrinter as a class template (as opposed to a
// function template), as we need to partially specialize it for
// reference types, which cannot be done with function templates.
template <typename T>
class UniversalPrinter;

// Prints the given value using the << operator if it has one;
// otherwise prints the bytes in it.  This is what
// UniversalPrinter<T>::Print() does when PrintTo() is not specialized
// or overloaded for type T.
//
// A user can override this behavior for a class type Foo by defining
// an overload of PrintTo() in the namespace where Foo is defined.  We
// give the user this option as sometimes defining a << operator for
// Foo is not desirable (e.g. the coding style may prevent doing it,
// or there is already a << operator but it doesn't do what the user
// wants).
template <typename T>
void PrintTo(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
  internal::PrintWithFallback(value, os);
}

// The following list of PrintTo() overloads tells
// UniversalPrinter<T>::Print() how to print standard types (built-in
// types, strings, plain arrays, and pointers).

// Overloads for various char types.
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(unsigned char c, ::std::ostream* os);
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(signed char c, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(char c, ::std::ostream* os) {
  // When printing a plain char, we always treat it as unsigned.  This
  // way, the output won't be affected by whether the compiler thinks
  // char is signed or not.
  PrintTo(static_cast<unsigned char>(c), os);
}

// Overloads for other simple built-in types.
inline void PrintTo(bool x, ::std::ostream* os) {
  *os << (x ? "true" : "false");
}

// Overload for wchar_t type.
// Prints a wchar_t as a symbol if it is printable or as its internal
// code otherwise and also as its decimal code (except for L'\0').
// The L'\0' char is printed as "L'\\0'". The decimal code is printed
// as signed integer when wchar_t is implemented by the compiler
// as a signed type and is printed as an unsigned integer when wchar_t
// is implemented as an unsigned type.
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(wchar_t wc, ::std::ostream* os);

GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(char32_t c, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(char16_t c, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<char32_t>(c), os);
}
#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
inline void PrintTo(char8_t c, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<char32_t>(c), os);
}
#endif

// gcc/clang __{u,}int128_t
#if defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__)
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(__uint128_t v, ::std::ostream* os);
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(__int128_t v, ::std::ostream* os);
#endif  // __SIZEOF_INT128__

// Overloads for C strings.
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const char* s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(char* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const char*>(s), os);
}

// signed/unsigned char is often used for representing binary data, so
// we print pointers to it as void* to be safe.
inline void PrintTo(const signed char* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
}
inline void PrintTo(signed char* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
}
inline void PrintTo(const unsigned char* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
}
inline void PrintTo(unsigned char* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
}
#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
// Overloads for u8 strings.
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const char8_t* s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(char8_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const char8_t*>(s), os);
}
#endif
// Overloads for u16 strings.
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const char16_t* s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(char16_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const char16_t*>(s), os);
}
// Overloads for u32 strings.
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const char32_t* s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(char32_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const char32_t*>(s), os);
}

// MSVC can be configured to define wchar_t as a typedef of unsigned
// short.  It defines _NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED when wchar_t is a native
// type.  When wchar_t is a typedef, defining an overload for const
// wchar_t* would cause unsigned short* be printed as a wide string,
// possibly causing invalid memory accesses.
#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED)
// Overloads for wide C strings
GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const wchar_t* s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(wchar_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const wchar_t*>(s), os);
}
#endif

// Overload for C arrays.  Multi-dimensional arrays are printed
// properly.

// Prints the given number of elements in an array, without printing
// the curly braces.
template <typename T>
void PrintRawArrayTo(const T a[], size_t count, ::std::ostream* os) {
  UniversalPrint(a[0], os);
  for (size_t i = 1; i != count; i++) {
    *os << ", ";
    UniversalPrint(a[i], os);
  }
}

// Overloads for ::std::string.
GTEST_API_ void PrintStringTo(const ::std::string& s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(const ::std::string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintStringTo(s, os);
}

// Overloads for ::std::u8string
#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
GTEST_API_ void PrintU8StringTo(const ::std::u8string& s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(const ::std::u8string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintU8StringTo(s, os);
}
#endif

// Overloads for ::std::u16string
GTEST_API_ void PrintU16StringTo(const ::std::u16string& s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(const ::std::u16string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintU16StringTo(s, os);
}

// Overloads for ::std::u32string
GTEST_API_ void PrintU32StringTo(const ::std::u32string& s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(const ::std::u32string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintU32StringTo(s, os);
}

// Overloads for ::std::wstring.
#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
GTEST_API_ void PrintWideStringTo(const ::std::wstring& s, ::std::ostream* os);
inline void PrintTo(const ::std::wstring& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintWideStringTo(s, os);
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW
// Overload for internal::StringView.
inline void PrintTo(internal::StringView sp, ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTo(::std::string(sp), os);
}
#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW

inline void PrintTo(std::nullptr_t, ::std::ostream* os) { *os << "(nullptr)"; }

#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
inline void PrintTo(const std::type_info& info, std::ostream* os) {
  *os << internal::GetTypeName(info);
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI

template <typename T>
void PrintTo(std::reference_wrapper<T> ref, ::std::ostream* os) {
  UniversalPrinter<T&>::Print(ref.get(), os);
}

inline const void* VoidifyPointer(const void* p) { return p; }
inline const void* VoidifyPointer(volatile const void* p) {
  return const_cast<const void*>(p);
}

template <typename T, typename Ptr>
void PrintSmartPointer(const Ptr& ptr, std::ostream* os, char) {
  if (ptr == nullptr) {
    *os << "(nullptr)";
  } else {
    // We can't print the value. Just print the pointer..
    *os << "(" << (VoidifyPointer)(ptr.get()) << ")";
  }
}
template <typename T, typename Ptr,
          typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_void<T>::value &&
                                             !std::is_array<T>::value>::type>
void PrintSmartPointer(const Ptr& ptr, std::ostream* os, int) {
  if (ptr == nullptr) {
    *os << "(nullptr)";
  } else {
    *os << "(ptr = " << (VoidifyPointer)(ptr.get()) << ", value = ";
    UniversalPrinter<T>::Print(*ptr, os);
    *os << ")";
  }
}

template <typename T, typename D>
void PrintTo(const std::unique_ptr<T, D>& ptr, std::ostream* os) {
  (PrintSmartPointer<T>)(ptr, os, 0);
}

template <typename T>
void PrintTo(const std::shared_ptr<T>& ptr, std::ostream* os) {
  (PrintSmartPointer<T>)(ptr, os, 0);
}

// Helper function for printing a tuple.  T must be instantiated with
// a tuple type.
template <typename T>
void PrintTupleTo(const T&, std::integral_constant<size_t, 0>,
                  ::std::ostream*) {}

template <typename T, size_t I>
void PrintTupleTo(const T& t, std::integral_constant<size_t, I>,
                  ::std::ostream* os) {
  PrintTupleTo(t, std::integral_constant<size_t, I - 1>(), os);
  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
  if (I > 1) {
    GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
    *os << ", ";
  }
  UniversalPrinter<typename std::tuple_element<I - 1, T>::type>::Print(
      std::get<I - 1>(t), os);
}

template <typename... Types>
void PrintTo(const ::std::tuple<Types...>& t, ::std::ostream* os) {
  *os << "(";
  PrintTupleTo(t, std::integral_constant<size_t, sizeof...(Types)>(), os);
  *os << ")";
}

// Overload for std::pair.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
void PrintTo(const ::std::pair<T1, T2>& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
  *os << '(';
  // We cannot use UniversalPrint(value.first, os) here, as T1 may be
  // a reference type.  The same for printing value.second.
  UniversalPrinter<T1>::Print(value.first, os);
  *os << ", ";
  UniversalPrinter<T2>::Print(value.second, os);
  *os << ')';
}

// Implements printing a non-reference type T by letting the compiler
// pick the right overload of PrintTo() for T.
template <typename T>
class UniversalPrinter {
 public:
  // MSVC warns about adding const to a function type, so we want to
  // disable the warning.
  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4180)

  // Note: we deliberately don't call this PrintTo(), as that name
  // conflicts with ::testing::internal::PrintTo in the body of the
  // function.
  static void Print(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    // By default, ::testing::internal::PrintTo() is used for printing
    // the value.
    //
    // Thanks to Koenig look-up, if T is a class and has its own
    // PrintTo() function defined in its namespace, that function will
    // be visible here.  Since it is more specific than the generic ones
    // in ::testing::internal, it will be picked by the compiler in the
    // following statement - exactly what we want.
    PrintTo(value, os);
  }

  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
};

// Remove any const-qualifiers before passing a type to UniversalPrinter.
template <typename T>
class UniversalPrinter<const T> : public UniversalPrinter<T> {};

#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ANY

// Printer for std::any / absl::any

template <>
class UniversalPrinter<Any> {
 public:
  static void Print(const Any& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (value.has_value()) {
      *os << "value of type " << GetTypeName(value);
    } else {
      *os << "no value";
    }
  }

 private:
  static std::string GetTypeName(const Any& value) {
#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
    return internal::GetTypeName(value.type());
#else
    static_cast<void>(value);  // possibly unused
    return "<unknown_type>";
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
  }
};

#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ANY

#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_OPTIONAL

// Printer for std::optional / absl::optional

template <typename T>
class UniversalPrinter<Optional<T>> {
 public:
  static void Print(const Optional<T>& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    *os << '(';
    if (!value) {
      *os << "nullopt";
    } else {
      UniversalPrint(*value, os);
    }
    *os << ')';
  }
};

template <>
class UniversalPrinter<decltype(Nullopt())> {
 public:
  static void Print(decltype(Nullopt()), ::std::ostream* os) {
    *os << "(nullopt)";
  }
};

#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_OPTIONAL

#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_VARIANT

// Printer for std::variant / absl::variant

template <typename... T>
class UniversalPrinter<Variant<T...>> {
 public:
  static void Print(const Variant<T...>& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    *os << '(';
#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
    absl::visit(Visitor{os, value.index()}, value);
#else
    std::visit(Visitor{os, value.index()}, value);
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
    *os << ')';
  }

 private:
  struct Visitor {
    template <typename U>
    void operator()(const U& u) const {
      *os << "'" << GetTypeName<U>() << "(index = " << index
          << ")' with value ";
      UniversalPrint(u, os);
    }
    ::std::ostream* os;
    std::size_t index;
  };
};

#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_VARIANT

// UniversalPrintArray(begin, len, os) prints an array of 'len'
// elements, starting at address 'begin'.
template <typename T>
void UniversalPrintArray(const T* begin, size_t len, ::std::ostream* os) {
  if (len == 0) {
    *os << "{}";
  } else {
    *os << "{ ";
    const size_t kThreshold = 18;
    const size_t kChunkSize = 8;
    // If the array has more than kThreshold elements, we'll have to
    // omit some details by printing only the first and the last
    // kChunkSize elements.
    if (len <= kThreshold) {
      PrintRawArrayTo(begin, len, os);
    } else {
      PrintRawArrayTo(begin, kChunkSize, os);
      *os << ", ..., ";
      PrintRawArrayTo(begin + len - kChunkSize, kChunkSize, os);
    }
    *os << " }";
  }
}
// This overload prints a (const) char array compactly.
GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const char* begin, size_t len,
                                    ::std::ostream* os);

#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
// This overload prints a (const) char8_t array compactly.
GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const char8_t* begin, size_t len,
                                    ::std::ostream* os);
#endif

// This overload prints a (const) char16_t array compactly.
GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const char16_t* begin, size_t len,
                                    ::std::ostream* os);

// This overload prints a (const) char32_t array compactly.
GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const char32_t* begin, size_t len,
                                    ::std::ostream* os);

// This overload prints a (const) wchar_t array compactly.
GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const wchar_t* begin, size_t len,
                                    ::std::ostream* os);

// Implements printing an array type T[N].
template <typename T, size_t N>
class UniversalPrinter<T[N]> {
 public:
  // Prints the given array, omitting some elements when there are too
  // many.
  static void Print(const T (&a)[N], ::std::ostream* os) {
    UniversalPrintArray(a, N, os);
  }
};

// Implements printing a reference type T&.
template <typename T>
class UniversalPrinter<T&> {
 public:
  // MSVC warns about adding const to a function type, so we want to
  // disable the warning.
  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4180)

  static void Print(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    // Prints the address of the value.  We use reinterpret_cast here
    // as static_cast doesn't compile when T is a function type.
    *os << "@" << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&value) << " ";

    // Then prints the value itself.
    UniversalPrint(value, os);
  }

  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
};

// Prints a value tersely: for a reference type, the referenced value
// (but not the address) is printed; for a (const) char pointer, the
// NUL-terminated string (but not the pointer) is printed.

template <typename T>
class UniversalTersePrinter {
 public:
  static void Print(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    UniversalPrint(value, os);
  }
};
template <typename T>
class UniversalTersePrinter<T&> {
 public:
  static void Print(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
    UniversalPrint(value, os);
  }
};
template <typename T, size_t N>
class UniversalTersePrinter<T[N]> {
 public:
  static void Print(const T (&value)[N], ::std::ostream* os) {
    UniversalPrinter<T[N]>::Print(value, os);
  }
};
template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<const char*> {
 public:
  static void Print(const char* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (str == nullptr) {
      *os << "NULL";
    } else {
      UniversalPrint(std::string(str), os);
    }
  }
};
template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<char*> : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char*> {
};

#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<const char8_t*> {
 public:
  static void Print(const char8_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (str == nullptr) {
      *os << "NULL";
    } else {
      UniversalPrint(::std::u8string(str), os);
    }
  }
};
template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<char8_t*>
    : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char8_t*> {};
#endif

template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<const char16_t*> {
 public:
  static void Print(const char16_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (str == nullptr) {
      *os << "NULL";
    } else {
      UniversalPrint(::std::u16string(str), os);
    }
  }
};
template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<char16_t*>
    : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char16_t*> {};

template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<const char32_t*> {
 public:
  static void Print(const char32_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (str == nullptr) {
      *os << "NULL";
    } else {
      UniversalPrint(::std::u32string(str), os);
    }
  }
};
template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<char32_t*>
    : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char32_t*> {};

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<const wchar_t*> {
 public:
  static void Print(const wchar_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
    if (str == nullptr) {
      *os << "NULL";
    } else {
      UniversalPrint(::std::wstring(str), os);
    }
  }
};
#endif

template <>
class UniversalTersePrinter<wchar_t*> {
 public:
  static void Print(wchar_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
    UniversalTersePrinter<const wchar_t*>::Print(str, os);
  }
};

template <typename T>
void UniversalTersePrint(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
  UniversalTersePrinter<T>::Print(value, os);
}

// Prints a value using the type inferred by the compiler.  The
// difference between this and UniversalTersePrint() is that for a
// (const) char pointer, this prints both the pointer and the
// NUL-terminated string.
template <typename T>
void UniversalPrint(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
  // A workaround for the bug in VC++ 7.1 that prevents us from instantiating
  // UniversalPrinter with T directly.
  typedef T T1;
  UniversalPrinter<T1>::Print(value, os);
}

typedef ::std::vector<::std::string> Strings;

// Tersely prints the first N fields of a tuple to a string vector,
// one element for each field.
template <typename Tuple>
void TersePrintPrefixToStrings(const Tuple&, std::integral_constant<size_t, 0>,
                               Strings*) {}
template <typename Tuple, size_t I>
void TersePrintPrefixToStrings(const Tuple& t,
                               std::integral_constant<size_t, I>,
                               Strings* strings) {
  TersePrintPrefixToStrings(t, std::integral_constant<size_t, I - 1>(),
                            strings);
  ::std::stringstream ss;
  UniversalTersePrint(std::get<I - 1>(t), &ss);
  strings->push_back(ss.str());
}

// Prints the fields of a tuple tersely to a string vector, one
// element for each field.  See the comment before
// UniversalTersePrint() for how we define "tersely".
template <typename Tuple>
Strings UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(const Tuple& value) {
  Strings result;
  TersePrintPrefixToStrings(
      value, std::integral_constant<size_t, std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value>(),
      &result);
  return result;
}

}  // namespace internal

template <typename T>
::std::string PrintToString(const T& value) {
  ::std::stringstream ss;
  internal::UniversalTersePrinter<T>::Print(value, &ss);
  return ss.str();
}

}  // namespace testing

// Include any custom printer added by the local installation.
// We must include this header at the end to make sure it can use the
// declarations from this file.
#include "gtest/internal/custom/gtest-printers.h"

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-spi.h
================================================
// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Utilities for testing Google Test itself and code that uses Google Test
// (e.g. frameworks built on top of Google Test).

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

namespace testing {

// This helper class can be used to mock out Google Test failure reporting
// so that we can test Google Test or code that builds on Google Test.
//
// An object of this class appends a TestPartResult object to the
// TestPartResultArray object given in the constructor whenever a Google Test
// failure is reported. It can either intercept only failures that are
// generated in the same thread that created this object or it can intercept
// all generated failures. The scope of this mock object can be controlled with
// the second argument to the two arguments constructor.
class GTEST_API_ ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter
    : public TestPartResultReporterInterface {
 public:
  // The two possible mocking modes of this object.
  enum InterceptMode {
    INTERCEPT_ONLY_CURRENT_THREAD,  // Intercepts only thread local failures.
    INTERCEPT_ALL_THREADS           // Intercepts all failures.
  };

  // The c'tor sets this object as the test part result reporter used
  // by Google Test.  The 'result' parameter specifies where to report the
  // results. This reporter will only catch failures generated in the current
  // thread. DEPRECATED
  explicit ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter(TestPartResultArray* result);

  // Same as above, but you can choose the interception scope of this object.
  ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter(InterceptMode intercept_mode,
                                   TestPartResultArray* result);

  // The d'tor restores the previous test part result reporter.
  ~ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter() override;

  // Appends the TestPartResult object to the TestPartResultArray
  // received in the constructor.
  //
  // This method is from the TestPartResultReporterInterface
  // interface.
  void ReportTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;

 private:
  void Init();

  const InterceptMode intercept_mode_;
  TestPartResultReporterInterface* old_reporter_;
  TestPartResultArray* const result_;

  ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter(const ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter&) =
      delete;
  ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter& operator=(
      const ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter&) = delete;
};

namespace internal {

// A helper class for implementing EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE() and
// EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE().  Its destructor verifies that the given
// TestPartResultArray contains exactly one failure that has the given
// type and contains the given substring.  If that's not the case, a
// non-fatal failure will be generated.
class GTEST_API_ SingleFailureChecker {
 public:
  // The constructor remembers the arguments.
  SingleFailureChecker(const TestPartResultArray* results,
                       TestPartResult::Type type, const std::string& substr);
  ~SingleFailureChecker();

 private:
  const TestPartResultArray* const results_;
  const TestPartResult::Type type_;
  const std::string substr_;

  SingleFailureChecker(const SingleFailureChecker&) = delete;
  SingleFailureChecker& operator=(const SingleFailureChecker&) = delete;
};

}  // namespace internal

}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

// A set of macros for testing Google Test assertions or code that's expected
// to generate Google Test fatal failures (e.g. a failure from an ASSERT_EQ, but
// not a non-fatal failure, as from EXPECT_EQ).  It verifies that the given
// statement will cause exactly one fatal Google Test failure with 'substr'
// being part of the failure message.
//
// There are two different versions of this macro. EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE only
// affects and considers failures generated in the current thread and
// EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE_ON_ALL_THREADS does the same but for all threads.
//
// The verification of the assertion is done correctly even when the statement
// throws an exception or aborts the current function.
//
// Known restrictions:
//   - 'statement' cannot reference local non-static variables or
//     non-static members of the current object.
//   - 'statement' cannot return a value.
//   - You cannot stream a failure message to this macro.
//
// Note that even though the implementations of the following two
// macros are much alike, we cannot refactor them to use a common
// helper macro, due to some peculiarity in how the preprocessor
// works.  The AcceptsMacroThatExpandsToUnprotectedComma test in
// gtest_unittest.cc will fail to compile if we do that.
#define EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(statement, substr)                               \
  do {                                                                        \
    class GTestExpectFatalFailureHelper {                                     \
     public:                                                                  \
      static void Execute() { statement; }                                    \
    };                                                                        \
    ::testing::TestPartResultArray gtest_failures;                            \
    ::testing::internal::SingleFailureChecker gtest_checker(                  \
        &gtest_failures, ::testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure, (substr)); \
    {                                                                         \
      ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter gtest_reporter(             \
          ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::                       \
              INTERCEPT_ONLY_CURRENT_THREAD,                                  \
          &gtest_failures);                                                   \
      GTestExpectFatalFailureHelper::Execute();                               \
    }                                                                         \
  } while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())

#define EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE_ON_ALL_THREADS(statement, substr)                \
  do {                                                                        \
    class GTestExpectFatalFailureHelper {                                     \
     public:                                                                  \
      static void Execute() { statement; }                                    \
    };                                                                        \
    ::testing::TestPartResultArray gtest_failures;                            \
    ::testing::internal::SingleFailureChecker gtest_checker(                  \
        &gtest_failures, ::testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure, (substr)); \
    {                                                                         \
      ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter gtest_reporter(             \
          ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::INTERCEPT_ALL_THREADS, \
          &gtest_failures);                                                   \
      GTestExpectFatalFailureHelper::Execute();                               \
    }                                                                         \
  } while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())

// A macro for testing Google Test assertions or code that's expected to
// generate Google Test non-fatal failures (e.g. a failure from an EXPECT_EQ,
// but not from an ASSERT_EQ). It asserts that the given statement will cause
// exactly one non-fatal Google Test failure with 'substr' being part of the
// failure message.
//
// There are two different versions of this macro. EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE only
// affects and considers failures generated in the current thread and
// EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE_ON_ALL_THREADS does the same but for all threads.
//
// 'statement' is allowed to reference local variables and members of
// the current object.
//
// The verification of the assertion is done correctly even when the statement
// throws an exception or aborts the current function.
//
// Known restrictions:
//   - You cannot stream a failure message to this macro.
//
// Note that even though the implementations of the following two
// macros are much alike, we cannot refactor them to use a common
// helper macro, due to some peculiarity in how the preprocessor
// works.  If we do that, the code won't compile when the user gives
// EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE() a statement that contains a macro that
// expands to code containing an unprotected comma.  The
// AcceptsMacroThatExpandsToUnprotectedComma test in gtest_unittest.cc
// catches that.
//
// For the same reason, we have to write
//   if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) { statement; }
// instead of
//   GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement)
// to avoid an MSVC warning on unreachable code.
#define EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(statement, substr)                    \
  do {                                                                \
    ::testing::TestPartResultArray gtest_failures;                    \
    ::testing::internal::SingleFailureChecker gtest_checker(          \
        &gtest_failures, ::testing::TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure, \
        (substr));                                                    \
    {                                                                 \
      ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter gtest_reporter(     \
          ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::               \
              INTERCEPT_ONLY_CURRENT_THREAD,                          \
          &gtest_failures);                                           \
      if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                        \
        statement;                                                    \
      }                                                               \
    }                                                                 \
  } while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())

#define EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE_ON_ALL_THREADS(statement, substr)             \
  do {                                                                        \
    ::testing::TestPartResultArray gtest_failures;                            \
    ::testing::internal::SingleFailureChecker gtest_checker(                  \
        &gtest_failures, ::testing::TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure,         \
        (substr));                                                            \
    {                                                                         \
      ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter gtest_reporter(             \
          ::testing::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::INTERCEPT_ALL_THREADS, \
          &gtest_failures);                                                   \
      if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                                \
        statement;                                                            \
      }                                                                       \
    }                                                                         \
  } while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h
================================================
// Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_

#include <iosfwd>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

namespace testing {

// A copyable object representing the result of a test part (i.e. an
// assertion or an explicit FAIL(), ADD_FAILURE(), or SUCCESS()).
//
// Don't inherit from TestPartResult as its destructor is not virtual.
class GTEST_API_ TestPartResult {
 public:
  // The possible outcomes of a test part (i.e. an assertion or an
  // explicit SUCCEED(), FAIL(), or ADD_FAILURE()).
  enum Type {
    kSuccess,          // Succeeded.
    kNonFatalFailure,  // Failed but the test can continue.
    kFatalFailure,     // Failed and the test should be terminated.
    kSkip              // Skipped.
  };

  // C'tor.  TestPartResult does NOT have a default constructor.
  // Always use this constructor (with parameters) to create a
  // TestPartResult object.
  TestPartResult(Type a_type, const char* a_file_name, int a_line_number,
                 const char* a_message)
      : type_(a_type),
        file_name_(a_file_name == nullptr ? "" : a_file_name),
        line_number_(a_line_number),
        summary_(ExtractSummary(a_message)),
        message_(a_message) {}

  // Gets the outcome of the test part.
  Type type() const { return type_; }

  // Gets the name of the source file where the test part took place, or
  // NULL if it's unknown.
  const char* file_name() const {
    return file_name_.empty() ? nullptr : file_name_.c_str();
  }

  // Gets the line in the source file where the test part took place,
  // or -1 if it's unknown.
  int line_number() const { return line_number_; }

  // Gets the summary of the failure message.
  const char* summary() const { return summary_.c_str(); }

  // Gets the message associated with the test part.
  const char* message() const { return message_.c_str(); }

  // Returns true if and only if the test part was skipped.
  bool skipped() const { return type_ == kSkip; }

  // Returns true if and only if the test part passed.
  bool passed() const { return type_ == kSuccess; }

  // Returns true if and only if the test part non-fatally failed.
  bool nonfatally_failed() const { return type_ == kNonFatalFailure; }

  // Returns true if and only if the test part fatally failed.
  bool fatally_failed() const { return type_ == kFatalFailure; }

  // Returns true if and only if the test part failed.
  bool failed() const { return fatally_failed() || nonfatally_failed(); }

 private:
  Type type_;

  // Gets the summary of the failure message by omitting the stack
  // trace in it.
  static std::string ExtractSummary(const char* message);

  // The name of the source file where the test part took place, or
  // "" if the source file is unknown.
  std::string file_name_;
  // The line in the source file where the test part took place, or -1
  // if the line number is unknown.
  int line_number_;
  std::string summary_;  // The test failure summary.
  std::string message_;  // The test failure message.
};

// Prints a TestPartResult object.
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const TestPartResult& result);

// An array of TestPartResult objects.
//
// Don't inherit from TestPartResultArray as its destructor is not
// virtual.
class GTEST_API_ TestPartResultArray {
 public:
  TestPartResultArray() {}

  // Appends the given TestPartResult to the array.
  void Append(const TestPartResult& result);

  // Returns the TestPartResult at the given index (0-based).
  const TestPartResult& GetTestPartResult(int index) const;

  // Returns the number of TestPartResult objects in the array.
  int size() const;

 private:
  std::vector<TestPartResult> array_;

  TestPartResultArray(const TestPartResultArray&) = delete;
  TestPartResultArray& operator=(const TestPartResultArray&) = delete;
};

// This interface knows how to report a test part result.
class GTEST_API_ TestPartResultReporterInterface {
 public:
  virtual ~TestPartResultReporterInterface() {}

  virtual void ReportTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) = 0;
};

namespace internal {

// This helper class is used by {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NO_FATAL_FAILURE to check if a
// statement generates new fatal failures. To do so it registers itself as the
// current test part result reporter. Besides checking if fatal failures were
// reported, it only delegates the reporting to the former result reporter.
// The original result reporter is restored in the destructor.
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
class GTEST_API_ HasNewFatalFailureHelper
    : public TestPartResultReporterInterface {
 public:
  HasNewFatalFailureHelper();
  ~HasNewFatalFailureHelper() override;
  void ReportTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;
  bool has_new_fatal_failure() const { return has_new_fatal_failure_; }

 private:
  bool has_new_fatal_failure_;
  TestPartResultReporterInterface* original_reporter_;

  HasNewFatalFailureHelper(const HasNewFatalFailureHelper&) = delete;
  HasNewFatalFailureHelper& operator=(const HasNewFatalFailureHelper&) = delete;
};

}  // namespace internal

}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h
================================================
// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.
// All Rights Reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_

// This header implements typed tests and type-parameterized tests.

// Typed (aka type-driven) tests repeat the same test for types in a
// list.  You must know which types you want to test with when writing
// typed tests. Here's how you do it:

#if 0

// First, define a fixture class template.  It should be parameterized
// by a type.  Remember to derive it from testing::Test.
template <typename T>
class FooTest : public testing::Test {
 public:
  ...
  typedef std::list<T> List;
  static T shared_;
  T value_;
};

// Next, associate a list of types with the test suite, which will be
// repeated for each type in the list.  The typedef is necessary for
// the macro to parse correctly.
typedef testing::Types<char, int, unsigned int> MyTypes;
TYPED_TEST_SUITE(FooTest, MyTypes);

// If the type list contains only one type, you can write that type
// directly without Types<...>:
//   TYPED_TEST_SUITE(FooTest, int);

// Then, use TYPED_TEST() instead of TEST_F() to define as many typed
// tests for this test suite as you want.
TYPED_TEST(FooTest, DoesBlah) {
  // Inside a test, refer to the special name TypeParam to get the type
  // parameter.  Since we are inside a derived class template, C++ requires
  // us to visit the members of FooTest via 'this'.
  TypeParam n = this->value_;

  // To visit static members of the fixture, add the TestFixture::
  // prefix.
  n += TestFixture::shared_;

  // To refer to typedefs in the fixture, add the "typename
  // TestFixture::" prefix.
  typename TestFixture::List values;
  values.push_back(n);
  ...
}

TYPED_TEST(FooTest, HasPropertyA) { ... }

// TYPED_TEST_SUITE takes an optional third argument which allows to specify a
// class that generates custom test name suffixes based on the type. This should
// be a class which has a static template function GetName(int index) returning
// a string for each type. The provided integer index equals the index of the
// type in the provided type list. In many cases the index can be ignored.
//
// For example:
//   class MyTypeNames {
//    public:
//     template <typename T>
//     static std::string GetName(int) {
//       if (std::is_same<T, char>()) return "char";
//       if (std::is_same<T, int>()) return "int";
//       if (std::is_same<T, unsigned int>()) return "unsignedInt";
//     }
//   };
//   TYPED_TEST_SUITE(FooTest, MyTypes, MyTypeNames);

#endif  // 0

// Type-parameterized tests are abstract test patterns parameterized
// by a type.  Compared with typed tests, type-parameterized tests
// allow you to define the test pattern without knowing what the type
// parameters are.  The defined pattern can be instantiated with
// different types any number of times, in any number of translation
// units.
//
// If you are designing an interface or concept, you can define a
// suite of type-parameterized tests to verify properties that any
// valid implementation of the interface/concept should have.  Then,
// each implementation can easily instantiate the test suite to verify
// that it conforms to the requirements, without having to write
// similar tests repeatedly.  Here's an example:

#if 0

// First, define a fixture class template.  It should be parameterized
// by a type.  Remember to derive it from testing::Test.
template <typename T>
class FooTest : public testing::Test {
  ...
};

// Next, declare that you will define a type-parameterized test suite
// (the _P suffix is for "parameterized" or "pattern", whichever you
// prefer):
TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(FooTest);

// Then, use TYPED_TEST_P() to define as many type-parameterized tests
// for this type-parameterized test suite as you want.
TYPED_TEST_P(FooTest, DoesBlah) {
  // Inside a test, refer to TypeParam to get the type parameter.
  TypeParam n = 0;
  ...
}

TYPED_TEST_P(FooTest, HasPropertyA) { ... }

// Now the tricky part: you need to register all test patterns before
// you can instantiate them.  The first argument of the macro is the
// test suite name; the rest are the names of the tests in this test
// case.
REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(FooTest,
                            DoesBlah, HasPropertyA);

// Finally, you are free to instantiate the pattern with the types you
// want.  If you put the above code in a header file, you can #include
// it in multiple C++ source files and instantiate it multiple times.
//
// To distinguish different instances of the pattern, the first
// argument to the INSTANTIATE_* macro is a prefix that will be added
// to the actual test suite name.  Remember to pick unique prefixes for
// different instances.
typedef testing::Types<char, int, unsigned int> MyTypes;
INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, FooTest, MyTypes);

// If the type list contains only one type, you can write that type
// directly without Types<...>:
//   INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, FooTest, int);
//
// Similar to the optional argument of TYPED_TEST_SUITE above,
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P takes an optional fourth argument which allows to
// generate custom names.
//   INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, FooTest, MyTypes, MyTypeNames);

#endif  // 0

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h"

// Implements typed tests.

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// Expands to the name of the typedef for the type parameters of the
// given test suite.
#define GTEST_TYPE_PARAMS_(TestSuiteName) gtest_type_params_##TestSuiteName##_

// Expands to the name of the typedef for the NameGenerator, responsible for
// creating the suffixes of the name.
#define GTEST_NAME_GENERATOR_(TestSuiteName) \
  gtest_type_params_##TestSuiteName##_NameGenerator

#define TYPED_TEST_SUITE(CaseName, Types, ...)                          \
  typedef ::testing::internal::GenerateTypeList<Types>::type            \
      GTEST_TYPE_PARAMS_(CaseName);                                     \
  typedef ::testing::internal::NameGeneratorSelector<__VA_ARGS__>::type \
  GTEST_NAME_GENERATOR_(CaseName)

#define TYPED_TEST(CaseName, TestName)                                        \
  static_assert(sizeof(GTEST_STRINGIFY_(TestName)) > 1,                       \
                "test-name must not be empty");                               \
  template <typename gtest_TypeParam_>                                        \
  class GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(CaseName, TestName)                            \
      : public CaseName<gtest_TypeParam_> {                                   \
   private:                                                                   \
    typedef CaseName<gtest_TypeParam_> TestFixture;                           \
    typedef gtest_TypeParam_ TypeParam;                                       \
    void TestBody() override;                                                 \
  };                                                                          \
  static bool gtest_##CaseName##_##TestName##_registered_                     \
      GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = ::testing::internal::TypeParameterizedTest<   \
          CaseName,                                                           \
          ::testing::internal::TemplateSel<GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(CaseName,   \
                                                                  TestName)>, \
          GTEST_TYPE_PARAMS_(                                                 \
              CaseName)>::Register("",                                        \
                                   ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(         \
                                       __FILE__, __LINE__),                   \
                                   GTEST_STRINGIFY_(CaseName),                \
                                   GTEST_STRINGIFY_(TestName), 0,             \
                                   ::testing::internal::GenerateNames<        \
                                       GTEST_NAME_GENERATOR_(CaseName),       \
                                       GTEST_TYPE_PARAMS_(CaseName)>());      \
  template <typename gtest_TypeParam_>                                        \
  void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(CaseName,                                       \
                              TestName)<gtest_TypeParam_>::TestBody()

// Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
#define TYPED_TEST_CASE                                                \
  static_assert(::testing::internal::TypedTestCaseIsDeprecated(), ""); \
  TYPED_TEST_SUITE
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

// Implements type-parameterized tests.

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// Expands to the namespace name that the type-parameterized tests for
// the given type-parameterized test suite are defined in.  The exact
// name of the namespace is subject to change without notice.
#define GTEST_SUITE_NAMESPACE_(TestSuiteName) gtest_suite_##TestSuiteName##_

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// Expands to the name of the variable used to remember the names of
// the defined tests in the given test suite.
#define GTEST_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P_STATE_(TestSuiteName) \
  gtest_typed_test_suite_p_state_##TestSuiteName##_

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE DIRECTLY.
//
// Expands to the name of the variable used to remember the names of
// the registered tests in the given test suite.
#define GTEST_REGISTERED_TEST_NAMES_(TestSuiteName) \
  gtest_registered_test_names_##TestSuiteName##_

// The variables defined in the type-parameterized test macros are
// static as typically these macros are used in a .h file that can be
// #included in multiple translation units linked together.
#define TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(SuiteName)              \
  static ::testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState \
  GTEST_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P_STATE_(SuiteName)

// Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
#define TYPED_TEST_CASE_P                                                 \
  static_assert(::testing::internal::TypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated(), ""); \
  TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

#define TYPED_TEST_P(SuiteName, TestName)                             \
  namespace GTEST_SUITE_NAMESPACE_(SuiteName) {                       \
    template <typename gtest_TypeParam_>                              \
    class TestName : public SuiteName<gtest_TypeParam_> {             \
     private:                                                         \
      typedef SuiteName<gtest_TypeParam_> TestFixture;                \
      typedef gtest_TypeParam_ TypeParam;                             \
      void TestBody() override;                                       \
    };                                                                \
    static bool gtest_##TestName##_defined_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
        GTEST_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P_STATE_(SuiteName).AddTestName(       \
            __FILE__, __LINE__, GTEST_STRINGIFY_(SuiteName),          \
            GTEST_STRINGIFY_(TestName));                              \
  }                                                                   \
  template <typename gtest_TypeParam_>                                \
  void GTEST_SUITE_NAMESPACE_(                                        \
      SuiteName)::TestName<gtest_TypeParam_>::TestBody()

// Note: this won't work correctly if the trailing arguments are macros.
#define REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(SuiteName, ...)                         \
  namespace GTEST_SUITE_NAMESPACE_(SuiteName) {                             \
    typedef ::testing::internal::Templates<__VA_ARGS__> gtest_AllTests_;    \
  }                                                                         \
  static const char* const GTEST_REGISTERED_TEST_NAMES_(                    \
      SuiteName) GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ =                                  \
      GTEST_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P_STATE_(SuiteName).VerifyRegisteredTestNames( \
          GTEST_STRINGIFY_(SuiteName), __FILE__, __LINE__, #__VA_ARGS__)

// Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
#define REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P                                           \
  static_assert(::testing::internal::RegisterTypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated(), \
                "");                                                         \
  REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

#define INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(Prefix, SuiteName, Types, ...)     \
  static_assert(sizeof(GTEST_STRINGIFY_(Prefix)) > 1,                     \
                "test-suit-prefix must not be empty");                    \
  static bool gtest_##Prefix##_##SuiteName GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ =      \
      ::testing::internal::TypeParameterizedTestSuite<                    \
          SuiteName, GTEST_SUITE_NAMESPACE_(SuiteName)::gtest_AllTests_,  \
          ::testing::internal::GenerateTypeList<Types>::type>::           \
          Register(GTEST_STRINGIFY_(Prefix),                              \
                   ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__), \
                   &GTEST_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P_STATE_(SuiteName),           \
                   GTEST_STRINGIFY_(SuiteName),                           \
                   GTEST_REGISTERED_TEST_NAMES_(SuiteName),               \
                   ::testing::internal::GenerateNames<                    \
                       ::testing::internal::NameGeneratorSelector<        \
                           __VA_ARGS__>::type,                            \
                       ::testing::internal::GenerateTypeList<Types>::type>())

// Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
#define INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P                                      \
  static_assert(                                                           \
      ::testing::internal::InstantiateTypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated(), ""); \
  INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file defines the public API for Google Test.  It should be
// included by any test program that uses Google Test.
//
// IMPORTANT NOTE: Due to limitation of the C++ language, we have to
// leave some internal implementation details in this header file.
// They are clearly marked by comments like this:
//
//   // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
//
// Such code is NOT meant to be used by a user directly, and is subject
// to CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.  Therefore DO NOT DEPEND ON IT in a user
// program!
//
// Acknowledgment: Google Test borrowed the idea of automatic test
// registration from Barthelemy Dagenais' (barthelemy@prologique.com)
// easyUnit framework.

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_

#include <cstddef>
#include <limits>
#include <memory>
#include <ostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-death-test.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-matchers.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-param-test.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-test-part.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-typed-test.h"
#include "gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h"
#include "gtest/gtest_prod.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

// Declares the flags.

// This flag temporary enables the disabled tests.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(also_run_disabled_tests);

// This flag brings the debugger on an assertion failure.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(break_on_failure);

// This flag controls whether Google Test catches all test-thrown exceptions
// and logs them as failures.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(catch_exceptions);

// This flag enables using colors in terminal output. Available values are
// "yes" to enable colors, "no" (disable colors), or "auto" (the default)
// to let Google Test decide.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(color);

// This flag controls whether the test runner should continue execution past
// first failure.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(fail_fast);

// This flag sets up the filter to select by name using a glob pattern
// the tests to run. If the filter is not given all tests are executed.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(filter);

// This flag controls whether Google Test installs a signal handler that dumps
// debugging information when fatal signals are raised.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(install_failure_signal_handler);

// This flag causes the Google Test to list tests. None of the tests listed
// are actually run if the flag is provided.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(list_tests);

// This flag controls whether Google Test emits a detailed XML report to a file
// in addition to its normal textual output.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(output);

// This flags control whether Google Test prints only test failures.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(brief);

// This flags control whether Google Test prints the elapsed time for each
// test.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(print_time);

// This flags control whether Google Test prints UTF8 characters as text.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(print_utf8);

// This flag specifies the random number seed.
GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(random_seed);

// This flag sets how many times the tests are repeated. The default value
// is 1. If the value is -1 the tests are repeating forever.
GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(repeat);

// This flag controls whether Google Test Environments are recreated for each
// repeat of the tests. The default value is true. If set to false the global
// test Environment objects are only set up once, for the first iteration, and
// only torn down once, for the last.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(recreate_environments_when_repeating);

// This flag controls whether Google Test includes Google Test internal
// stack frames in failure stack traces.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(show_internal_stack_frames);

// When this flag is specified, tests' order is randomized on every iteration.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(shuffle);

// This flag specifies the maximum number of stack frames to be
// printed in a failure message.
GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(stack_trace_depth);

// When this flag is specified, a failed assertion will throw an
// exception if exceptions are enabled, or exit the program with a
// non-zero code otherwise. For use with an external test framework.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(throw_on_failure);

// When this flag is set with a "host:port" string, on supported
// platforms test results are streamed to the specified port on
// the specified host machine.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(stream_result_to);

#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(flagfile);
#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_

namespace testing {

// Silence C4100 (unreferenced formal parameter) and 4805
// unsafe mix of type 'const int' and type 'const bool'
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4805)
#pragma warning(disable : 4100)
#endif

// The upper limit for valid stack trace depths.
const int kMaxStackTraceDepth = 100;

namespace internal {

class AssertHelper;
class DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter;
class ExecDeathTest;
class NoExecDeathTest;
class FinalSuccessChecker;
class GTestFlagSaver;
class StreamingListenerTest;
class TestResultAccessor;
class TestEventListenersAccessor;
class TestEventRepeater;
class UnitTestRecordPropertyTestHelper;
class WindowsDeathTest;
class FuchsiaDeathTest;
class UnitTestImpl* GetUnitTestImpl();
void ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(TestPartResult::Type result_type,
                                    const std::string& message);
std::set<std::string>* GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites();

}  // namespace internal

// The friend relationship of some of these classes is cyclic.
// If we don't forward declare them the compiler might confuse the classes
// in friendship clauses with same named classes on the scope.
class Test;
class TestSuite;

// Old API is still available but deprecated
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
using TestCase = TestSuite;
#endif
class TestInfo;
class UnitTest;

// The abstract class that all tests inherit from.
//
// In Google Test, a unit test program contains one or many TestSuites, and
// each TestSuite contains one or many Tests.
//
// When you define a test using the TEST macro, you don't need to
// explicitly derive from Test - the TEST macro automatically does
// this for you.
//
// The only time you derive from Test is when defining a test fixture
// to be used in a TEST_F.  For example:
//
//   class FooTest : public testing::Test {
//    protected:
//     void SetUp() override { ... }
//     void TearDown() override { ... }
//     ...
//   };
//
//   TEST_F(FooTest, Bar) { ... }
//   TEST_F(FooTest, Baz) { ... }
//
// Test is not copyable.
class GTEST_API_ Test {
 public:
  friend class TestInfo;

  // The d'tor is virtual as we intend to inherit from Test.
  virtual ~Test();

  // Sets up the stuff shared by all tests in this test suite.
  //
  // Google Test will call Foo::SetUpTestSuite() before running the first
  // test in test suite Foo.  Hence a sub-class can define its own
  // SetUpTestSuite() method to shadow the one defined in the super
  // class.
  static void SetUpTestSuite() {}

  // Tears down the stuff shared by all tests in this test suite.
  //
  // Google Test will call Foo::TearDownTestSuite() after running the last
  // test in test suite Foo.  Hence a sub-class can define its own
  // TearDownTestSuite() method to shadow the one defined in the super
  // class.
  static void TearDownTestSuite() {}

  // Legacy API is deprecated but still available. Use SetUpTestSuite and
  // TearDownTestSuite instead.
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  static void TearDownTestCase() {}
  static void SetUpTestCase() {}
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Returns true if and only if the current test has a fatal failure.
  static bool HasFatalFailure();

  // Returns true if and only if the current test has a non-fatal failure.
  static bool HasNonfatalFailure();

  // Returns true if and only if the current test was skipped.
  static bool IsSkipped();

  // Returns true if and only if the current test has a (either fatal or
  // non-fatal) failure.
  static bool HasFailure() { return HasFatalFailure() || HasNonfatalFailure(); }

  // Logs a property for the current test, test suite, or for the entire
  // invocation of the test program when used outside of the context of a
  // test suite.  Only the last value for a given key is remembered.  These
  // are public static so they can be called from utility functions that are
  // not members of the test fixture.  Calls to RecordProperty made during
  // lifespan of the test (from the moment its constructor starts to the
  // moment its destructor finishes) will be output in XML as attributes of
  // the <testcase> element.  Properties recorded from fixture's
  // SetUpTestSuite or TearDownTestSuite are logged as attributes of the
  // corresponding <testsuite> element.  Calls to RecordProperty made in the
  // global context (before or after invocation of RUN_ALL_TESTS and from
  // SetUp/TearDown method of Environment objects registered with Google
  // Test) will be output as attributes of the <testsuites> element.
  static void RecordProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value);
  static void RecordProperty(const std::string& key, int value);

 protected:
  // Creates a Test object.
  Test();

  // Sets up the test fixture.
  virtual void SetUp();

  // Tears down the test fixture.
  virtual void TearDown();

 private:
  // Returns true if and only if the current test has the same fixture class
  // as the first test in the current test suite.
  static bool HasSameFixtureClass();

  // Runs the test after the test fixture has been set up.
  //
  // A sub-class must implement this to define the test logic.
  //
  // DO NOT OVERRIDE THIS FUNCTION DIRECTLY IN A USER PROGRAM.
  // Instead, use the TEST or TEST_F macro.
  virtual void TestBody() = 0;

  // Sets up, executes, and tears down the test.
  void Run();

  // Deletes self.  We deliberately pick an unusual name for this
  // internal method to avoid clashing with names used in user TESTs.
  void DeleteSelf_() { delete this; }

  const std::unique_ptr<GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_> gtest_flag_saver_;

  // Often a user misspells SetUp() as Setup() and spends a long time
  // wondering why it is never called by Google Test.  The declaration of
  // the following method is solely for catching such an error at
  // compile time:
  //
  //   - The return type is deliberately chosen to be not void, so it
  //   will be a conflict if void Setup() is declared in the user's
  //   test fixture.
  //
  //   - This method is private, so it will be another compiler error
  //   if the method is called from the user's test fixture.
  //
  // DO NOT OVERRIDE THIS FUNCTION.
  //
  // If you see an error about overriding the following function or
  // about it being private, you have mis-spelled SetUp() as Setup().
  struct Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp {};
  virtual Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp* Setup() { return nullptr; }

  // We disallow copying Tests.
  Test(const Test&) = delete;
  Test& operator=(const Test&) = delete;
};

typedef internal::TimeInMillis TimeInMillis;

// A copyable object representing a user specified test property which can be
// output as a key/value string pair.
//
// Don't inherit from TestProperty as its destructor is not virtual.
class TestProperty {
 public:
  // C'tor.  TestProperty does NOT have a default constructor.
  // Always use this constructor (with parameters) to create a
  // TestProperty object.
  TestProperty(const std::string& a_key, const std::string& a_value)
      : key_(a_key), value_(a_value) {}

  // Gets the user supplied key.
  const char* key() const { return key_.c_str(); }

  // Gets the user supplied value.
  const char* value() const { return value_.c_str(); }

  // Sets a new value, overriding the one supplied in the constructor.
  void SetValue(const std::string& new_value) { value_ = new_value; }

 private:
  // The key supplied by the user.
  std::string key_;
  // The value supplied by the user.
  std::string value_;
};

// The result of a single Test.  This includes a list of
// TestPartResults, a list of TestProperties, a count of how many
// death tests there are in the Test, and how much time it took to run
// the Test.
//
// TestResult is not copyable.
class GTEST_API_ TestResult {
 public:
  // Creates an empty TestResult.
  TestResult();

  // D'tor.  Do not inherit from TestResult.
  ~TestResult();

  // Gets the number of all test parts.  This is the sum of the number
  // of successful test parts and the number of failed test parts.
  int total_part_count() const;

  // Returns the number of the test properties.
  int test_property_count() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test passed (i.e. no test part failed).
  bool Passed() const { return !Skipped() && !Failed(); }

  // Returns true if and only if the test was skipped.
  bool Skipped() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test failed.
  bool Failed() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test fatally failed.
  bool HasFatalFailure() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test has a non-fatal failure.
  bool HasNonfatalFailure() const;

  // Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const { return elapsed_time_; }

  // Gets the time of the test case start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp() const { return start_timestamp_; }

  // Returns the i-th test part result among all the results. i can range from 0
  // to total_part_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, aborts the program.
  const TestPartResult& GetTestPartResult(int i) const;

  // Returns the i-th test property. i can range from 0 to
  // test_property_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, aborts the
  // program.
  const TestProperty& GetTestProperty(int i) const;

 private:
  friend class TestInfo;
  friend class TestSuite;
  friend class UnitTest;
  friend class internal::DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter;
  friend class internal::ExecDeathTest;
  friend class internal::TestResultAccessor;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;
  friend class internal::WindowsDeathTest;
  friend class internal::FuchsiaDeathTest;

  // Gets the vector of TestPartResults.
  const std::vector<TestPartResult>& test_part_results() const {
    return test_part_results_;
  }

  // Gets the vector of TestProperties.
  const std::vector<TestProperty>& test_properties() const {
    return test_properties_;
  }

  // Sets the start time.
  void set_start_timestamp(TimeInMillis start) { start_timestamp_ = start; }

  // Sets the elapsed time.
  void set_elapsed_time(TimeInMillis elapsed) { elapsed_time_ = elapsed; }

  // Adds a test property to the list. The property is validated and may add
  // a non-fatal failure if invalid (e.g., if it conflicts with reserved
  // key names). If a property is already recorded for the same key, the
  // value will be updated, rather than storing multiple values for the same
  // key.  xml_element specifies the element for which the property is being
  // recorded and is used for validation.
  void RecordProperty(const std::string& xml_element,
                      const TestProperty& test_property);

  // Adds a failure if the key is a reserved attribute of Google Test
  // testsuite tags.  Returns true if the property is valid.
  // FIXME: Validate attribute names are legal and human readable.
  static bool ValidateTestProperty(const std::string& xml_element,
                                   const TestProperty& test_property);

  // Adds a test part result to the list.
  void AddTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result);

  // Returns the death test count.
  int death_test_count() const { return death_test_count_; }

  // Increments the death test count, returning the new count.
  int increment_death_test_count() { return ++death_test_count_; }

  // Clears the test part results.
  void ClearTestPartResults();

  // Clears the object.
  void Clear();

  // Protects mutable state of the property vector and of owned
  // properties, whose values may be updated.
  internal::Mutex test_properties_mutex_;

  // The vector of TestPartResults
  std::vector<TestPartResult> test_part_results_;
  // The vector of TestProperties
  std::vector<TestProperty> test_properties_;
  // Running count of death tests.
  int death_test_count_;
  // The start time, in milliseconds since UNIX Epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp_;
  // The elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time_;

  // We disallow copying TestResult.
  TestResult(const TestResult&) = delete;
  TestResult& operator=(const TestResult&) = delete;
};  // class TestResult

// A TestInfo object stores the following information about a test:
//
//   Test suite name
//   Test name
//   Whether the test should be run
//   A function pointer that creates the test object when invoked
//   Test result
//
// The constructor of TestInfo registers itself with the UnitTest
// singleton such that the RUN_ALL_TESTS() macro knows which tests to
// run.
class GTEST_API_ TestInfo {
 public:
  // Destructs a TestInfo object.  This function is not virtual, so
  // don't inherit from TestInfo.
  ~TestInfo();

  // Returns the test suite name.
  const char* test_suite_name() const { return test_suite_name_.c_str(); }

// Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  const char* test_case_name() const { return test_suite_name(); }
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Returns the test name.
  const char* name() const { return name_.c_str(); }

  // Returns the name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a typed
  // or a type-parameterized test.
  const char* type_param() const {
    if (type_param_.get() != nullptr) return type_param_->c_str();
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Returns the text representation of the value parameter, or NULL if this
  // is not a value-parameterized test.
  const char* value_param() const {
    if (value_param_.get() != nullptr) return value_param_->c_str();
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Returns the file name where this test is defined.
  const char* file() const { return location_.file.c_str(); }

  // Returns the line where this test is defined.
  int line() const { return location_.line; }

  // Return true if this test should not be run because it's in another shard.
  bool is_in_another_shard() const { return is_in_another_shard_; }

  // Returns true if this test should run, that is if the test is not
  // disabled (or it is disabled but the also_run_disabled_tests flag has
  // been specified) and its full name matches the user-specified filter.
  //
  // Google Test allows the user to filter the tests by their full names.
  // The full name of a test Bar in test suite Foo is defined as
  // "Foo.Bar".  Only the tests that match the filter will run.
  //
  // A filter is a colon-separated list of glob (not regex) patterns,
  // optionally followed by a '-' and a colon-separated list of
  // negative patterns (tests to exclude).  A test is run if it
  // matches one of the positive patterns and does not match any of
  // the negative patterns.
  //
  // For example, *A*:Foo.* is a filter that matches any string that
  // contains the character 'A' or starts with "Foo.".
  bool should_run() const { return should_run_; }

  // Returns true if and only if this test will appear in the XML report.
  bool is_reportable() const {
    // The XML report includes tests matching the filter, excluding those
    // run in other shards.
    return matches_filter_ && !is_in_another_shard_;
  }

  // Returns the result of the test.
  const TestResult* result() const { return &result_; }

 private:
#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
  friend class internal::DefaultDeathTestFactory;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
  friend class Test;
  friend class TestSuite;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;
  friend class internal::StreamingListenerTest;
  friend TestInfo* internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
      const char* test_suite_name, const char* name, const char* type_param,
      const char* value_param, internal::CodeLocation code_location,
      internal::TypeId fixture_class_id, internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
      internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc,
      internal::TestFactoryBase* factory);

  // Constructs a TestInfo object. The newly constructed instance assumes
  // ownership of the factory object.
  TestInfo(const std::string& test_suite_name, const std::string& name,
           const char* a_type_param,   // NULL if not a type-parameterized test
           const char* a_value_param,  // NULL if not a value-parameterized test
           internal::CodeLocation a_code_location,
           internal::TypeId fixture_class_id,
           internal::TestFactoryBase* factory);

  // Increments the number of death tests encountered in this test so
  // far.
  int increment_death_test_count() {
    return result_.increment_death_test_count();
  }

  // Creates the test object, runs it, records its result, and then
  // deletes it.
  void Run();

  // Skip and records the test result for this object.
  void Skip();

  static void ClearTestResult(TestInfo* test_info) {
    test_info->result_.Clear();
  }

  // These fields are immutable properties of the test.
  const std::string test_suite_name_;  // test suite name
  const std::string name_;             // Test name
  // Name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a typed or a
  // type-parameterized test.
  const std::unique_ptr<const ::std::string> type_param_;
  // Text representation of the value parameter, or NULL if this is not a
  // value-parameterized test.
  const std::unique_ptr<const ::std::string> value_param_;
  internal::CodeLocation location_;
  const internal::TypeId fixture_class_id_;  // ID of the test fixture class
  bool should_run_;           // True if and only if this test should run
  bool is_disabled_;          // True if and only if this test is disabled
  bool matches_filter_;       // True if this test matches the
                              // user-specified filter.
  bool is_in_another_shard_;  // Will be run in another shard.
  internal::TestFactoryBase* const factory_;  // The factory that creates
                                              // the test object

  // This field is mutable and needs to be reset before running the
  // test for the second time.
  TestResult result_;

  TestInfo(const TestInfo&) = delete;
  TestInfo& operator=(const TestInfo&) = delete;
};

// A test suite, which consists of a vector of TestInfos.
//
// TestSuite is not copyable.
class GTEST_API_ TestSuite {
 public:
  // Creates a TestSuite with the given name.
  //
  // TestSuite does NOT have a default constructor.  Always use this
  // constructor to create a TestSuite object.
  //
  // Arguments:
  //
  //   name:         name of the test suite
  //   a_type_param: the name of the test's type parameter, or NULL if
  //                 this is not a type-parameterized test.
  //   set_up_tc:    pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
  //   tear_down_tc: pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
  TestSuite(const char* name, const char* a_type_param,
            internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
            internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc);

  // Destructor of TestSuite.
  virtual ~TestSuite();

  // Gets the name of the TestSuite.
  const char* name() const { return name_.c_str(); }

  // Returns the name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a
  // type-parameterized test suite.
  const char* type_param() const {
    if (type_param_.get() != nullptr) return type_param_->c_str();
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Returns true if any test in this test suite should run.
  bool should_run() const { return should_run_; }

  // Gets the number of successful tests in this test suite.
  int successful_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of skipped tests in this test suite.
  int skipped_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed tests in this test suite.
  int failed_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
  int reportable_disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests in this test suite.
  int disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
  int reportable_test_count() const;

  // Get the number of tests in this test suite that should run.
  int test_to_run_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all tests in this test suite.
  int total_test_count() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test suite passed.
  bool Passed() const { return !Failed(); }

  // Returns true if and only if the test suite failed.
  bool Failed() const {
    return failed_test_count() > 0 || ad_hoc_test_result().Failed();
  }

  // Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const { return elapsed_time_; }

  // Gets the time of the test suite start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp() const { return start_timestamp_; }

  // Returns the i-th test among all the tests. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  const TestInfo* GetTestInfo(int i) const;

  // Returns the TestResult that holds test properties recorded during
  // execution of SetUpTestSuite and TearDownTestSuite.
  const TestResult& ad_hoc_test_result() const { return ad_hoc_test_result_; }

 private:
  friend class Test;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;

  // Gets the (mutable) vector of TestInfos in this TestSuite.
  std::vector<TestInfo*>& test_info_list() { return test_info_list_; }

  // Gets the (immutable) vector of TestInfos in this TestSuite.
  const std::vector<TestInfo*>& test_info_list() const {
    return test_info_list_;
  }

  // Returns the i-th test among all the tests. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  TestInfo* GetMutableTestInfo(int i);

  // Sets the should_run member.
  void set_should_run(bool should) { should_run_ = should; }

  // Adds a TestInfo to this test suite.  Will delete the TestInfo upon
  // destruction of the TestSuite object.
  void AddTestInfo(TestInfo* test_info);

  // Clears the results of all tests in this test suite.
  void ClearResult();

  // Clears the results of all tests in the given test suite.
  static void ClearTestSuiteResult(TestSuite* test_suite) {
    test_suite->ClearResult();
  }

  // Runs every test in this TestSuite.
  void Run();

  // Skips the execution of tests under this TestSuite
  void Skip();

  // Runs SetUpTestSuite() for this TestSuite.  This wrapper is needed
  // for catching exceptions thrown from SetUpTestSuite().
  void RunSetUpTestSuite() {
    if (set_up_tc_ != nullptr) {
      (*set_up_tc_)();
    }
  }

  // Runs TearDownTestSuite() for this TestSuite.  This wrapper is
  // needed for catching exceptions thrown from TearDownTestSuite().
  void RunTearDownTestSuite() {
    if (tear_down_tc_ != nullptr) {
      (*tear_down_tc_)();
    }
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test passed.
  static bool TestPassed(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Passed();
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test skipped.
  static bool TestSkipped(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Skipped();
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test failed.
  static bool TestFailed(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Failed();
  }

  // Returns true if and only if the test is disabled and will be reported in
  // the XML report.
  static bool TestReportableDisabled(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->is_reportable() && test_info->is_disabled_;
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test is disabled.
  static bool TestDisabled(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->is_disabled_;
  }

  // Returns true if and only if this test will appear in the XML report.
  static bool TestReportable(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->is_reportable();
  }

  // Returns true if the given test should run.
  static bool ShouldRunTest(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run();
  }

  // Shuffles the tests in this test suite.
  void ShuffleTests(internal::Random* random);

  // Restores the test order to before the first shuffle.
  void UnshuffleTests();

  // Name of the test suite.
  std::string name_;
  // Name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a typed or a
  // type-parameterized test.
  const std::unique_ptr<const ::std::string> type_param_;
  // The vector of TestInfos in their original order.  It owns the
  // elements in the vector.
  std::vector<TestInfo*> test_info_list_;
  // Provides a level of indirection for the test list to allow easy
  // shuffling and restoring the test order.  The i-th element in this
  // vector is the index of the i-th test in the shuffled test list.
  std::vector<int> test_indices_;
  // Pointer to the function that sets up the test suite.
  internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc_;
  // Pointer to the function that tears down the test suite.
  internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc_;
  // True if and only if any test in this test suite should run.
  bool should_run_;
  // The start time, in milliseconds since UNIX Epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp_;
  // Elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time_;
  // Holds test properties recorded during execution of SetUpTestSuite and
  // TearDownTestSuite.
  TestResult ad_hoc_test_result_;

  // We disallow copying TestSuites.
  TestSuite(const TestSuite&) = delete;
  TestSuite& operator=(const TestSuite&) = delete;
};

// An Environment object is capable of setting up and tearing down an
// environment.  You should subclass this to define your own
// environment(s).
//
// An Environment object does the set-up and tear-down in virtual
// methods SetUp() and TearDown() instead of the constructor and the
// destructor, as:
//
//   1. You cannot safely throw from a destructor.  This is a problem
//      as in some cases Google Test is used where exceptions are enabled, and
//      we may want to implement ASSERT_* using exceptions where they are
//      available.
//   2. You cannot use ASSERT_* directly in a constructor or
//      destructor.
class Environment {
 public:
  // The d'tor is virtual as we need to subclass Environment.
  virtual ~Environment() {}

  // Override this to define how to set up the environment.
  virtual void SetUp() {}

  // Override this to define how to tear down the environment.
  virtual void TearDown() {}

 private:
  // If you see an error about overriding the following function or
  // about it being private, you have mis-spelled SetUp() as Setup().
  struct Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp {};
  virtual Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp* Setup() { return nullptr; }
};

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

// Exception which can be thrown from TestEventListener::OnTestPartResult.
class GTEST_API_ AssertionException
    : public internal::GoogleTestFailureException {
 public:
  explicit AssertionException(const TestPartResult& result)
      : GoogleTestFailureException(result) {}
};

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

// The interface for tracing execution of tests. The methods are organized in
// the order the corresponding events are fired.
class TestEventListener {
 public:
  virtual ~TestEventListener() {}

  // Fired before any test activity starts.
  virtual void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired before each iteration of tests starts.  There may be more than
  // one iteration if GTEST_FLAG(repeat) is set. iteration is the iteration
  // index, starting from 0.
  virtual void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                    int iteration) = 0;

  // Fired before environment set-up for each iteration of tests starts.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired after environment set-up for each iteration of tests ends.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired before the test suite starts.
  virtual void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) {}

  //  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  virtual void OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Fired before the test starts.
  virtual void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info) = 0;

  // Fired when a test is disabled
  virtual void OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) {}

  // Fired after a failed assertion or a SUCCEED() invocation.
  // If you want to throw an exception from this function to skip to the next
  // TEST, it must be AssertionException defined above, or inherited from it.
  virtual void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result) = 0;

  // Fired after the test ends.
  virtual void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) = 0;

  // Fired after the test suite ends.
  virtual void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) {}

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  virtual void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Fired before environment tear-down for each iteration of tests starts.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired after environment tear-down for each iteration of tests ends.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired after each iteration of tests finishes.
  virtual void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) = 0;

  // Fired after all test activities have ended.
  virtual void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;
};

// The convenience class for users who need to override just one or two
// methods and are not concerned that a possible change to a signature of
// the methods they override will not be caught during the build.  For
// comments about each method please see the definition of TestEventListener
// above.
class EmptyTestEventListener : public TestEventListener {
 public:
  void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/,
                            int /*iteration*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) override {}
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) override {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}
  void OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}
  void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& /*test_part_result*/) override {}
  void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}
  void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) override {}
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) override {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/,
                          int /*iteration*/) override {}
  void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
};

// TestEventListeners lets users add listeners to track events in Google Test.
class GTEST_API_ TestEventListeners {
 public:
  TestEventListeners();
  ~TestEventListeners();

  // Appends an event listener to the end of the list. Google Test assumes
  // the ownership of the listener (i.e. it will delete the listener when
  // the test program finishes).
  void Append(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Removes the given event listener from the list and returns it.  It then
  // becomes the caller's responsibility to delete the listener. Returns
  // NULL if the listener is not found in the list.
  TestEventListener* Release(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Returns the standard listener responsible for the default console
  // output.  Can be removed from the listeners list to shut down default
  // console output.  Note that removing this object from the listener list
  // with Release transfers its ownership to the caller and makes this
  // function return NULL the next time.
  TestEventListener* default_result_printer() const {
    return default_result_printer_;
  }

  // Returns the standard listener responsible for the default XML output
  // controlled by the --gtest_output=xml flag.  Can be removed from the
  // listeners list by users who want to shut down the default XML output
  // controlled by this flag and substitute it with custom one.  Note that
  // removing this object from the listener list with Release transfers its
  // ownership to the caller and makes this function return NULL the next
  // time.
  TestEventListener* default_xml_generator() const {
    return default_xml_generator_;
  }

 private:
  friend class TestSuite;
  friend class TestInfo;
  friend class internal::DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter;
  friend class internal::NoExecDeathTest;
  friend class internal::TestEventListenersAccessor;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;

  // Returns repeater that broadcasts the TestEventListener events to all
  // subscribers.
  TestEventListener* repeater();

  // Sets the default_result_printer attribute to the provided listener.
  // The listener is also added to the listener list and previous
  // default_result_printer is removed from it and deleted. The listener can
  // also be NULL in which case it will not be added to the list. Does
  // nothing if the previous and the current listener objects are the same.
  void SetDefaultResultPrinter(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Sets the default_xml_generator attribute to the provided listener.  The
  // listener is also added to the listener list and previous
  // default_xml_generator is removed from it and deleted. The listener can
  // also be NULL in which case it will not be added to the list. Does
  // nothing if the previous and the current listener objects are the same.
  void SetDefaultXmlGenerator(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Controls whether events will be forwarded by the repeater to the
  // listeners in the list.
  bool EventForwardingEnabled() const;
  void SuppressEventForwarding();

  // The actual list of listeners.
  internal::TestEventRepeater* repeater_;
  // Listener responsible for the standard result output.
  TestEventListener* default_result_printer_;
  // Listener responsible for the creation of the XML output file.
  TestEventListener* default_xml_generator_;

  // We disallow copying TestEventListeners.
  TestEventListeners(const TestEventListeners&) = delete;
  TestEventListeners& operator=(const TestEventListeners&) = delete;
};

// A UnitTest consists of a vector of TestSuites.
//
// This is a singleton class.  The only instance of UnitTest is
// created when UnitTest::GetInstance() is first called.  This
// instance is never deleted.
//
// UnitTest is not copyable.
//
// This class is thread-safe as long as the methods are called
// according to their specification.
class GTEST_API_ UnitTest {
 public:
  // Gets the singleton UnitTest object.  The first time this method
  // is called, a UnitTest object is constructed and returned.
  // Consecutive calls will return the same object.
  static UnitTest* GetInstance();

  // Runs all tests in this UnitTest object and prints the result.
  // Returns 0 if successful, or 1 otherwise.
  //
  // This method can only be called from the main thread.
  //
  // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
  int Run() GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_;

  // Returns the working directory when the first TEST() or TEST_F()
  // was executed.  The UnitTest object owns the string.
  const char* original_working_dir() const;

  // Returns the TestSuite object for the test that's currently running,
  // or NULL if no test is running.
  const TestSuite* current_test_suite() const GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

// Legacy API is still available but deprecated
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  const TestCase* current_test_case() const GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);
#endif

  // Returns the TestInfo object for the test that's currently running,
  // or NULL if no test is running.
  const TestInfo* current_test_info() const GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Returns the random seed used at the start of the current test run.
  int random_seed() const;

  // Returns the ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry object used to keep track of
  // value-parameterized tests and instantiate and register them.
  //
  // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
  internal::ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry& parameterized_test_registry()
      GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Gets the number of successful test suites.
  int successful_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed test suites.
  int failed_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all test suites.
  int total_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all test suites that contain at least one test
  // that should run.
  int test_suite_to_run_count() const;

  //  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  int successful_test_case_count() const;
  int failed_test_case_count() const;
  int total_test_case_count() const;
  int test_case_to_run_count() const;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Gets the number of successful tests.
  int successful_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of skipped tests.
  int skipped_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed tests.
  int failed_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
  int reportable_disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests.
  int disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
  int reportable_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all tests.
  int total_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests that should run.
  int test_to_run_count() const;

  // Gets the time of the test program start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp() const;

  // Gets the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites
  // passed).
  bool Passed() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite
  // failed or something outside of all tests failed).
  bool Failed() const;

  // Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  const TestSuite* GetTestSuite(int i) const;

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  const TestCase* GetTestCase(int i) const;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Returns the TestResult containing information on test failures and
  // properties logged outside of individual test suites.
  const TestResult& ad_hoc_test_result() const;

  // Returns the list of event listeners that can be used to track events
  // inside Google Test.
  TestEventListeners& listeners();

 private:
  // Registers and returns a global test environment.  When a test
  // program is run, all global test environments will be set-up in
  // the order they were registered.  After all tests in the program
  // have finished, all global test environments will be torn-down in
  // the *reverse* order they were registered.
  //
  // The UnitTest object takes ownership of the given environment.
  //
  // This method can only be called from the main thread.
  Environment* AddEnvironment(Environment* env);

  // Adds a TestPartResult to the current TestResult object.  All
  // Google Test assertion macros (e.g. ASSERT_TRUE, EXPECT_EQ, etc)
  // eventually call this to report their results.  The user code
  // should use the assertion macros instead of calling this directly.
  void AddTestPartResult(TestPartResult::Type result_type,
                         const char* file_name, int line_number,
                         const std::string& message,
                         const std::string& os_stack_trace)
      GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Adds a TestProperty to the current TestResult object when invoked from
  // inside a test, to current TestSuite's ad_hoc_test_result_ when invoked
  // from SetUpTestSuite or TearDownTestSuite, or to the global property set
  // when invoked elsewhere.  If the result already contains a property with
  // the same key, the value will be updated.
  void RecordProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value);

  // Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  TestSuite* GetMutableTestSuite(int i);

  // Accessors for the implementation object.
  internal::UnitTestImpl* impl() { return impl_; }
  const internal::UnitTestImpl* impl() const { return impl_; }

  // These classes and functions are friends as they need to access private
  // members of UnitTest.
  friend class ScopedTrace;
  friend class Test;
  friend class internal::AssertHelper;
  friend class internal::StreamingListenerTest;
  friend class internal::UnitTestRecordPropertyTestHelper;
  friend Environment* AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env);
  friend std::set<std::string>* internal::GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites();
  friend internal::UnitTestImpl* internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  friend void internal::ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(
      TestPartResult::Type result_type, const std::string& message);

  // Creates an empty UnitTest.
  UnitTest();

  // D'tor
  virtual ~UnitTest();

  // Pushes a trace defined by SCOPED_TRACE() on to the per-thread
  // Google Test trace stack.
  void PushGTestTrace(const internal::TraceInfo& trace)
      GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Pops a trace from the per-thread Google Test trace stack.
  void PopGTestTrace() GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Protects mutable state in *impl_.  This is mutable as some const
  // methods need to lock it too.
  mutable internal::Mutex mutex_;

  // Opaque implementation object.  This field is never changed once
  // the object is constructed.  We don't mark it as const here, as
  // doing so will cause a warning in the constructor of UnitTest.
  // Mutable state in *impl_ is protected by mutex_.
  internal::UnitTestImpl* impl_;

  // We disallow copying UnitTest.
  UnitTest(const UnitTest&) = delete;
  UnitTest& operator=(const UnitTest&) = delete;
};

// A convenient wrapper for adding an environment for the test
// program.
//
// You should call this before RUN_ALL_TESTS() is called, probably in
// main().  If you use gtest_main, you need to call this before main()
// starts for it to take effect.  For example, you can define a global
// variable like this:
//
//   testing::Environment* const foo_env =
//       testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new FooEnvironment);
//
// However, we strongly recommend you to write your own main() and
// call AddGlobalTestEnvironment() there, as relying on initialization
// of global variables makes the code harder to read and may cause
// problems when you register multiple environments from different
// translation units and the environments have dependencies among them
// (remember that the compiler doesn't guarantee the order in which
// global variables from different translation units are initialized).
inline Environment* AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env) {
  return UnitTest::GetInstance()->AddEnvironment(env);
}

// Initializes Google Test.  This must be called before calling
// RUN_ALL_TESTS().  In particular, it parses a command line for the
// flags that Google Test recognizes.  Whenever a Google Test flag is
// seen, it is removed from argv, and *argc is decremented.
//
// No value is returned.  Instead, the Google Test flag variables are
// updated.
//
// Calling the function for the second time has no user-visible effect.
GTEST_API_ void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, char** argv);

// This overloaded version can be used in Windows programs compiled in
// UNICODE mode.
GTEST_API_ void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, wchar_t** argv);

// This overloaded version can be used on Arduino/embedded platforms where
// there is no argc/argv.
GTEST_API_ void InitGoogleTest();

namespace internal {

// Separate the error generating code from the code path to reduce the stack
// frame size of CmpHelperEQ. This helps reduce the overhead of some sanitizers
// when calling EXPECT_* in a tight loop.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
AssertionResult CmpHelperEQFailure(const char* lhs_expression,
                                   const char* rhs_expression, const T1& lhs,
                                   const T2& rhs) {
  return EqFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression,
                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(lhs, rhs),
                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(rhs, lhs), false);
}

// This block of code defines operator==/!=
// to block lexical scope lookup.
// It prevents using invalid operator==/!= defined at namespace scope.
struct faketype {};
inline bool operator==(faketype, faketype) { return true; }
inline bool operator!=(faketype, faketype) { return false; }

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
AssertionResult CmpHelperEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                            const char* rhs_expression, const T1& lhs,
                            const T2& rhs) {
  if (lhs == rhs) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  return CmpHelperEQFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
}

class EqHelper {
 public:
  // This templatized version is for the general case.
  template <
      typename T1, typename T2,
      // Disable this overload for cases where one argument is a pointer
      // and the other is the null pointer constant.
      typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T1>::value ||
                              !std::is_pointer<T2>::value>::type* = nullptr>
  static AssertionResult Compare(const char* lhs_expression,
                                 const char* rhs_expression, const T1& lhs,
                                 const T2& rhs) {
    return CmpHelperEQ(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
  }

  // With this overloaded version, we allow anonymous enums to be used
  // in {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ when compiled with gcc 4, as anonymous
  // enums can be implicitly cast to BiggestInt.
  //
  // Even though its body looks the same as the above version, we
  // cannot merge the two, as it will make anonymous enums unhappy.
  static AssertionResult Compare(const char* lhs_expression,
                                 const char* rhs_expression, BiggestInt lhs,
                                 BiggestInt rhs) {
    return CmpHelperEQ(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
  }

  template <typename T>
  static AssertionResult Compare(
      const char* lhs_expression, const char* rhs_expression,
      // Handle cases where '0' is used as a null pointer literal.
      std::nullptr_t /* lhs */, T* rhs) {
    // We already know that 'lhs' is a null pointer.
    return CmpHelperEQ(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, static_cast<T*>(nullptr),
                       rhs);
  }
};

// Separate the error generating code from the code path to reduce the stack
// frame size of CmpHelperOP. This helps reduce the overhead of some sanitizers
// when calling EXPECT_OP in a tight loop.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
AssertionResult CmpHelperOpFailure(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                   const T1& val1, const T2& val2,
                                   const char* op) {
  return AssertionFailure()
         << "Expected: (" << expr1 << ") " << op << " (" << expr2
         << "), actual: " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val1, val2)
         << " vs " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val2, val1);
}

// A macro for implementing the helper functions needed to implement
// ASSERT_?? and EXPECT_??.  It is here just to avoid copy-and-paste
// of similar code.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.

#define GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(op_name, op)                                \
  template <typename T1, typename T2>                                      \
  AssertionResult CmpHelper##op_name(const char* expr1, const char* expr2, \
                                     const T1& val1, const T2& val2) {     \
    if (val1 op val2) {                                                    \
      return AssertionSuccess();                                           \
    } else {                                                               \
      return CmpHelperOpFailure(expr1, expr2, val1, val2, #op);            \
    }                                                                      \
  }

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.

// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NE
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(NE, !=)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LE
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LE, <=)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LT
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LT, <)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GE
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GE, >=)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GT
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GT, >)

#undef GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STREQ.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTREQ(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const char* s1, const char* s2);

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASEEQ.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRCASEEQ(const char* s1_expression,
                                              const char* s2_expression,
                                              const char* s1, const char* s2);

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRNE.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRNE(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const char* s1, const char* s2);

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASENE.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRCASENE(const char* s1_expression,
                                              const char* s2_expression,
                                              const char* s1, const char* s2);

// Helper function for *_STREQ on wide strings.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTREQ(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);

// Helper function for *_STRNE on wide strings.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRNE(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);

}  // namespace internal

// IsSubstring() and IsNotSubstring() are intended to be used as the
// first argument to {EXPECT,ASSERT}_PRED_FORMAT2(), not by
// themselves.  They check whether needle is a substring of haystack
// (NULL is considered a substring of itself only), and return an
// appropriate error message when they fail.
//
// The {needle,haystack}_expr arguments are the stringified
// expressions that generated the two real arguments.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const char* needle,
                                       const char* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const wchar_t* needle,
                                       const wchar_t* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const char* needle,
                                          const char* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const wchar_t* needle,
                                          const wchar_t* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const ::std::string& needle,
                                       const ::std::string& haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const ::std::string& needle,
                                          const ::std::string& haystack);

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const ::std::wstring& needle,
                                       const ::std::wstring& haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const ::std::wstring& needle,
                                          const ::std::wstring& haystack);
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

namespace internal {

// Helper template function for comparing floating-points.
//
// Template parameter:
//
//   RawType: the raw floating-point type (either float or double)
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
template <typename RawType>
AssertionResult CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                                         const char* rhs_expression,
                                         RawType lhs_value, RawType rhs_value) {
  const FloatingPoint<RawType> lhs(lhs_value), rhs(rhs_value);

  if (lhs.AlmostEquals(rhs)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  ::std::stringstream lhs_ss;
  lhs_ss << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits10 + 2)
         << lhs_value;

  ::std::stringstream rhs_ss;
  rhs_ss << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits10 + 2)
         << rhs_value;

  return EqFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression,
                   StringStreamToString(&lhs_ss), StringStreamToString(&rhs_ss),
                   false);
}

// Helper function for implementing ASSERT_NEAR.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult DoubleNearPredFormat(const char* expr1,
                                                const char* expr2,
                                                const char* abs_error_expr,
                                                double val1, double val2,
                                                double abs_error);

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
// A class that enables one to stream messages to assertion macros
class GTEST_API_ AssertHelper {
 public:
  // Constructor.
  AssertHelper(TestPartResult::Type type, const char* file, int line,
               const char* message);
  ~AssertHelper();

  // Message assignment is a semantic trick to enable assertion
  // streaming; see the GTEST_MESSAGE_ macro below.
  void operator=(const Message& message) const;

 private:
  // We put our data in a struct so that the size of the AssertHelper class can
  // be as small as possible.  This is important because gcc is incapable of
  // re-using stack space even for temporary variables, so every EXPECT_EQ
  // reserves stack space for another AssertHelper.
  struct AssertHelperData {
    AssertHelperData(TestPartResult::Type t, const char* srcfile, int line_num,
                     const char* msg)
        : type(t), file(srcfile), line(line_num), message(msg) {}

    TestPartResult::Type const type;
    const char* const file;
    int const line;
    std::string const message;

   private:
    AssertHelperData(const AssertHelperData&) = delete;
    AssertHelperData& operator=(const AssertHelperData&) = delete;
  };

  AssertHelperData* const data_;

  AssertHelper(const AssertHelper&) = delete;
  AssertHelper& operator=(const AssertHelper&) = delete;
};

}  // namespace internal

// The pure interface class that all value-parameterized tests inherit from.
// A value-parameterized class must inherit from both ::testing::Test and
// ::testing::WithParamInterface. In most cases that just means inheriting
// from ::testing::TestWithParam, but more complicated test hierarchies
// may need to inherit from Test and WithParamInterface at different levels.
//
// This interface has support for accessing the test parameter value via
// the GetParam() method.
//
// Use it with one of the parameter generator defining functions, like Range(),
// Values(), ValuesIn(), Bool(), and Combine().
//
// class FooTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<int> {
//  protected:
//   FooTest() {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
//   ~FooTest() override {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
//   void SetUp() override {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
//   void TearDown override {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
// };
// TEST_P(FooTest, DoesBar) {
//   // Can use GetParam() method here.
//   Foo foo;
//   ASSERT_TRUE(foo.DoesBar(GetParam()));
// }
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(OneToTenRange, FooTest, ::testing::Range(1, 10));

template <typename T>
class WithParamInterface {
 public:
  typedef T ParamType;
  virtual ~WithParamInterface() {}

  // The current parameter value. Is also available in the test fixture's
  // constructor.
  static const ParamType& GetParam() {
    GTEST_CHECK_(parameter_ != nullptr)
        << "GetParam() can only be called inside a value-parameterized test "
        << "-- did you intend to write TEST_P instead of TEST_F?";
    return *parameter_;
  }

 private:
  // Sets parameter value. The caller is responsible for making sure the value
  // remains alive and unchanged throughout the current test.
  static void SetParam(const ParamType* parameter) { parameter_ = parameter; }

  // Static value used for accessing parameter during a test lifetime.
  static const ParamType* parameter_;

  // TestClass must be a subclass of WithParamInterface<T> and Test.
  template <class TestClass>
  friend class internal::ParameterizedTestFactory;
};

template <typename T>
const T* WithParamInterface<T>::parameter_ = nullptr;

// Most value-parameterized classes can ignore the existence of
// WithParamInterface, and can just inherit from ::testing::TestWithParam.

template <typename T>
class TestWithParam : public Test, public WithParamInterface<T> {};

// Macros for indicating success/failure in test code.

// Skips test in runtime.
// Skipping test aborts current function.
// Skipped tests are neither successful nor failed.
#define GTEST_SKIP() GTEST_SKIP_("")

// ADD_FAILURE unconditionally adds a failure to the current test.
// SUCCEED generates a success - it doesn't automatically make the
// current test successful, as a test is only successful when it has
// no failure.
//
// EXPECT_* verifies that a certain condition is satisfied.  If not,
// it behaves like ADD_FAILURE.  In particular:
//
//   EXPECT_TRUE  verifies that a Boolean condition is true.
//   EXPECT_FALSE verifies that a Boolean condition is false.
//
// FAIL and ASSERT_* are similar to ADD_FAILURE and EXPECT_*, except
// that they will also abort the current function on failure.  People
// usually want the fail-fast behavior of FAIL and ASSERT_*, but those
// writing data-driven tests often find themselves using ADD_FAILURE
// and EXPECT_* more.

// Generates a nonfatal failure with a generic message.
#define ADD_FAILURE() GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_("Failed")

// Generates a nonfatal failure at the given source file location with
// a generic message.
#define ADD_FAILURE_AT(file, line)        \
  GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(file, line, "Failed", \
                    ::testing::TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure)

// Generates a fatal failure with a generic message.
#define GTEST_FAIL() GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_("Failed")

// Like GTEST_FAIL(), but at the given source file location.
#define GTEST_FAIL_AT(file, line)         \
  GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(file, line, "Failed", \
                    ::testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure)

// Define this macro to 1 to omit the definition of FAIL(), which is a
// generic name and clashes with some other libraries.
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_FAIL
#define FAIL() GTEST_FAIL()
#endif

// Generates a success with a generic message.
#define GTEST_SUCCEED() GTEST_SUCCESS_("Succeeded")

// Define this macro to 1 to omit the definition of SUCCEED(), which
// is a generic name and clashes with some other libraries.
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_SUCCEED
#define SUCCEED() GTEST_SUCCEED()
#endif

// Macros for testing exceptions.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_THROW(statement, expected_exception):
//         Tests that the statement throws the expected exception.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NO_THROW(statement):
//         Tests that the statement doesn't throw any exception.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_ANY_THROW(statement):
//         Tests that the statement throws an exception.

#define EXPECT_THROW(statement, expected_exception) \
  GTEST_TEST_THROW_(statement, expected_exception, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_NO_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_(statement, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_ANY_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_ANY_THROW_(statement, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_THROW(statement, expected_exception) \
  GTEST_TEST_THROW_(statement, expected_exception, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_NO_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_(statement, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_ANY_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_ANY_THROW_(statement, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Boolean assertions. Condition can be either a Boolean expression or an
// AssertionResult. For more information on how to use AssertionResult with
// these macros see comments on that class.
#define GTEST_EXPECT_TRUE(condition)                      \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, \
                      GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define GTEST_EXPECT_FALSE(condition)                        \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                      GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_TRUE(condition) \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_FALSE(condition)                        \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                      GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Define these macros to 1 to omit the definition of the corresponding
// EXPECT or ASSERT, which clashes with some users' own code.

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_TRUE
#define EXPECT_TRUE(condition) GTEST_EXPECT_TRUE(condition)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_FALSE
#define EXPECT_FALSE(condition) GTEST_EXPECT_FALSE(condition)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_TRUE
#define ASSERT_TRUE(condition) GTEST_ASSERT_TRUE(condition)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_FALSE
#define ASSERT_FALSE(condition) GTEST_ASSERT_FALSE(condition)
#endif

// Macros for testing equalities and inequalities.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ(v1, v2): Tests that v1 == v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NE(v1, v2): Tests that v1 != v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LT(v1, v2): Tests that v1 < v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LE(v1, v2): Tests that v1 <= v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GT(v1, v2): Tests that v1 > v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GE(v1, v2): Tests that v1 >= v2
//
// When they are not, Google Test prints both the tested expressions and
// their actual values.  The values must be compatible built-in types,
// or you will get a compiler error.  By "compatible" we mean that the
// values can be compared by the respective operator.
//
// Note:
//
//   1. It is possible to make a user-defined type work with
//   {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??(), but that requires overloading the
//   comparison operators and is thus discouraged by the Google C++
//   Usage Guide.  Therefore, you are advised to use the
//   {ASSERT|EXPECT}_TRUE() macro to assert that two objects are
//   equal.
//
//   2. The {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??() macros do pointer comparisons on
//   pointers (in particular, C strings).  Therefore, if you use it
//   with two C strings, you are testing how their locations in memory
//   are related, not how their content is related.  To compare two C
//   strings by content, use {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STR*().
//
//   3. {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ(v1, v2) is preferred to
//   {ASSERT|EXPECT}_TRUE(v1 == v2), as the former tells you
//   what the actual value is when it fails, and similarly for the
//   other comparisons.
//
//   4. Do not depend on the order in which {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??()
//   evaluate their arguments, which is undefined.
//
//   5. These macros evaluate their arguments exactly once.
//
// Examples:
//
//   EXPECT_NE(Foo(), 5);
//   EXPECT_EQ(a_pointer, NULL);
//   ASSERT_LT(i, array_size);
//   ASSERT_GT(records.size(), 0) << "There is no record left.";

#define EXPECT_EQ(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::EqHelper::Compare, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_NE(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperNE, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_LE(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLE, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_LT(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLT, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_GE(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGE, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_GT(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGT, val1, val2)

#define GTEST_ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::EqHelper::Compare, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_NE(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperNE, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_LE(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLE, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_LT(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLT, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_GE(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGE, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_GT(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGT, val1, val2)

// Define macro GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_XY to 1 to omit the definition of
// ASSERT_XY(), which clashes with some users' own code.

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_EQ
#define ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_NE
#define ASSERT_NE(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_NE(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LE
#define ASSERT_LE(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_LE(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LT
#define ASSERT_LT(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_LT(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GE
#define ASSERT_GE(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_GE(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GT
#define ASSERT_GT(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_GT(val1, val2)
#endif

// C-string Comparisons.  All tests treat NULL and any non-NULL string
// as different.  Two NULLs are equal.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STREQ(s1, s2):     Tests that s1 == s2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRNE(s1, s2):     Tests that s1 != s2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASEEQ(s1, s2): Tests that s1 == s2, ignoring case
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASENE(s1, s2): Tests that s1 != s2, ignoring case
//
// For wide or narrow string objects, you can use the
// {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??() macros.
//
// Don't depend on the order in which the arguments are evaluated,
// which is undefined.
//
// These macros evaluate their arguments exactly once.

#define EXPECT_STREQ(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTREQ, s1, s2)
#define EXPECT_STRNE(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRNE, s1, s2)
#define EXPECT_STRCASEEQ(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASEEQ, s1, s2)
#define EXPECT_STRCASENE(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASENE, s1, s2)

#define ASSERT_STREQ(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTREQ, s1, s2)
#define ASSERT_STRNE(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRNE, s1, s2)
#define ASSERT_STRCASEEQ(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASEEQ, s1, s2)
#define ASSERT_STRCASENE(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASENE, s1, s2)

// Macros for comparing floating-point numbers.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2):
//         Tests that two float values are almost equal.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2):
//         Tests that two double values are almost equal.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NEAR(v1, v2, abs_error):
//         Tests that v1 and v2 are within the given distance to each other.
//
// Google Test uses ULP-based comparison to automatically pick a default
// error bound that is appropriate for the operands.  See the
// FloatingPoint template class in gtest-internal.h if you are
// interested in the implementation details.

#define EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<float>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<double>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<float>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<double>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define EXPECT_NEAR(val1, val2, abs_error)                                   \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT3(::testing::internal::DoubleNearPredFormat, val1, val2, \
                      abs_error)

#define ASSERT_NEAR(val1, val2, abs_error)                                   \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT3(::testing::internal::DoubleNearPredFormat, val1, val2, \
                      abs_error)

// These predicate format functions work on floating-point values, and
// can be used in {ASSERT|EXPECT}_PRED_FORMAT2*(), e.g.
//
//   EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(testing::DoubleLE, Foo(), 5.0);

// Asserts that val1 is less than, or almost equal to, val2.  Fails
// otherwise.  In particular, it fails if either val1 or val2 is NaN.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult FloatLE(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                   float val1, float val2);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult DoubleLE(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                    double val1, double val2);

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Macros that test for HRESULT failure and success, these are only useful
// on Windows, and rely on Windows SDK macros and APIs to compile.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_HRESULT_{SUCCEEDED|FAILED}(expr)
//
// When expr unexpectedly fails or succeeds, Google Test prints the
// expected result and the actual result with both a human-readable
// string representation of the error, if available, as well as the
// hex result code.
#define EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(expr) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTSuccess, (expr))

#define ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(expr) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTSuccess, (expr))

#define EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED(expr) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTFailure, (expr))

#define ASSERT_HRESULT_FAILED(expr) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTFailure, (expr))

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Macros that execute statement and check that it doesn't generate new fatal
// failures in the current thread.
//
//   * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(statement);
//
// Examples:
//
//   EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Process());
//   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Process()) << "Process() failed";
//
#define ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_FATAL_FAILURE_(statement, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_FATAL_FAILURE_(statement, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)

// Causes a trace (including the given source file path and line number,
// and the given message) to be included in every test failure message generated
// by code in the scope of the lifetime of an instance of this class. The effect
// is undone with the destruction of the instance.
//
// The message argument can be anything streamable to std::ostream.
//
// Example:
//   testing::ScopedTrace trace("file.cc", 123, "message");
//
class GTEST_API_ ScopedTrace {
 public:
  // The c'tor pushes the given source file location and message onto
  // a trace stack maintained by Google Test.

  // Template version. Uses Message() to convert the values into strings.
  // Slow, but flexible.
  template <typename T>
  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const T& message) {
    PushTrace(file, line, (Message() << message).GetString());
  }

  // Optimize for some known types.
  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const char* message) {
    PushTrace(file, line, message ? message : "(null)");
  }

  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const std::string& message) {
    PushTrace(file, line, message);
  }

  // The d'tor pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
  //
  // Note that the d'tor is not virtual in order to be efficient.
  // Don't inherit from ScopedTrace!
  ~ScopedTrace();

 private:
  void PushTrace(const char* file, int line, std::string message);

  ScopedTrace(const ScopedTrace&) = delete;
  ScopedTrace& operator=(const ScopedTrace&) = delete;
} GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;  // A ScopedTrace object does its job in its
                            // c'tor and d'tor.  Therefore it doesn't
                            // need to be used otherwise.

// Causes a trace (including the source file path, the current line
// number, and the given message) to be included in every test failure
// message generated by code in the current scope.  The effect is
// undone when the control leaves the current scope.
//
// The message argument can be anything streamable to std::ostream.
//
// In the implementation, we include the current line number as part
// of the dummy variable name, thus allowing multiple SCOPED_TRACE()s
// to appear in the same block - as long as they are on different
// lines.
//
// Assuming that each thread maintains its own stack of traces.
// Therefore, a SCOPED_TRACE() would (correctly) only affect the
// assertions in its own thread.
#define SCOPED_TRACE(message)                                         \
  ::testing::ScopedTrace GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_trace_, __LINE__)( \
      __FILE__, __LINE__, (message))

// Compile-time assertion for type equality.
// StaticAssertTypeEq<type1, type2>() compiles if and only if type1 and type2
// are the same type.  The value it returns is not interesting.
//
// Instead of making StaticAssertTypeEq a class template, we make it a
// function template that invokes a helper class template.  This
// prevents a user from misusing StaticAssertTypeEq<T1, T2> by
// defining objects of that type.
//
// CAVEAT:
//
// When used inside a method of a class template,
// StaticAssertTypeEq<T1, T2>() is effective ONLY IF the method is
// instantiated.  For example, given:
//
//   template <typename T> class Foo {
//    public:
//     void Bar() { testing::StaticAssertTypeEq<int, T>(); }
//   };
//
// the code:
//
//   void Test1() { Foo<bool> foo; }
//
// will NOT generate a compiler error, as Foo<bool>::Bar() is never
// actually instantiated.  Instead, you need:
//
//   void Test2() { Foo<bool> foo; foo.Bar(); }
//
// to cause a compiler error.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
constexpr bool StaticAssertTypeEq() noexcept {
  static_assert(std::is_same<T1, T2>::value, "T1 and T2 are not the same type");
  return true;
}

// Defines a test.
//
// The first parameter is the name of the test suite, and the second
// parameter is the name of the test within the test suite.
//
// The convention is to end the test suite name with "Test".  For
// example, a test suite for the Foo class can be named FooTest.
//
// Test code should appear between braces after an invocation of
// this macro.  Example:
//
//   TEST(FooTest, InitializesCorrectly) {
//     Foo foo;
//     EXPECT_TRUE(foo.StatusIsOK());
//   }

// Note that we call GetTestTypeId() instead of GetTypeId<
// ::testing::Test>() here to get the type ID of testing::Test.  This
// is to work around a suspected linker bug when using Google Test as
// a framework on Mac OS X.  The bug causes GetTypeId<
// ::testing::Test>() to return different values depending on whether
// the call is from the Google Test framework itself or from user test
// code.  GetTestTypeId() is guaranteed to always return the same
// value, as it always calls GetTypeId<>() from the Google Test
// framework.
#define GTEST_TEST(test_suite_name, test_name)             \
  GTEST_TEST_(test_suite_name, test_name, ::testing::Test, \
              ::testing::internal::GetTestTypeId())

// Define this macro to 1 to omit the definition of TEST(), which
// is a generic name and clashes with some other libraries.
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_TEST
#define TEST(test_suite_name, test_name) GTEST_TEST(test_suite_name, test_name)
#endif

// Defines a test that uses a test fixture.
//
// The first parameter is the name of the test fixture class, which
// also doubles as the test suite name.  The second parameter is the
// name of the test within the test suite.
//
// A test fixture class must be declared earlier.  The user should put
// the test code between braces after using this macro.  Example:
//
//   class FooTest : public testing::Test {
//    protected:
//     void SetUp() override { b_.AddElement(3); }
//
//     Foo a_;
//     Foo b_;
//   };
//
//   TEST_F(FooTest, InitializesCorrectly) {
//     EXPECT_TRUE(a_.StatusIsOK());
//   }
//
//   TEST_F(FooTest, ReturnsElementCountCorrectly) {
//     EXPECT_EQ(a_.size(), 0);
//     EXPECT_EQ(b_.size(), 1);
//   }
#define GTEST_TEST_F(test_fixture, test_name)        \
  GTEST_TEST_(test_fixture, test_name, test_fixture, \
              ::testing::internal::GetTypeId<test_fixture>())
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_TEST_F
#define TEST_F(test_fixture, test_name) GTEST_TEST_F(test_fixture, test_name)
#endif

// Returns a path to temporary directory.
// Tries to determine an appropriate directory for the platform.
GTEST_API_ std::string TempDir();

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif

// Dynamically registers a test with the framework.
//
// This is an advanced API only to be used when the `TEST` macros are
// insufficient. The macros should be preferred when possible, as they avoid
// most of the complexity of calling this function.
//
// The `factory` argument is a factory callable (move-constructible) object or
// function pointer that creates a new instance of the Test object. It
// handles ownership to the caller. The signature of the callable is
// `Fixture*()`, where `Fixture` is the test fixture class for the test. All
// tests registered with the same `test_suite_name` must return the same
// fixture type. This is checked at runtime.
//
// The framework will infer the fixture class from the factory and will call
// the `SetUpTestSuite` and `TearDownTestSuite` for it.
//
// Must be called before `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` is invoked, otherwise behavior is
// undefined.
//
// Use case example:
//
// class MyFixture : public ::testing::Test {
//  public:
//   // All of these optional, just like in regular macro usage.
//   static void SetUpTestSuite() { ... }
//   static void TearDownTestSuite() { ... }
//   void SetUp() override { ... }
//   void TearDown() override { ... }
// };
//
// class MyTest : public MyFixture {
//  public:
//   explicit MyTest(int data) : data_(data) {}
//   void TestBody() override { ... }
//
//  private:
//   int data_;
// };
//
// void RegisterMyTests(const std::vector<int>& values) {
//   for (int v : values) {
//     ::testing::RegisterTest(
//         "MyFixture", ("Test" + std::to_string(v)).c_str(), nullptr,
//         std::to_string(v).c_str(),
//         __FILE__, __LINE__,
//         // Important to use the fixture type as the return type here.
//         [=]() -> MyFixture* { return new MyTest(v); });
//   }
// }
// ...
// int main(int argc, char** argv) {
//   ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
//   std::vector<int> values_to_test = LoadValuesFromConfig();
//   RegisterMyTests(values_to_test);
//   ...
//   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
// }
//
template <int&... ExplicitParameterBarrier, typename Factory>
TestInfo* RegisterTest(const char* test_suite_name, const char* test_name,
                       const char* type_param, const char* value_param,
                       const char* file, int line, Factory factory) {
  using TestT = typename std::remove_pointer<decltype(factory())>::type;

  class FactoryImpl : public internal::TestFactoryBase {
   public:
    explicit FactoryImpl(Factory f) : factory_(std::move(f)) {}
    Test* CreateTest() override { return factory_(); }

   private:
    Factory factory_;
  };

  return internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
      test_suite_name, test_name, type_param, value_param,
      internal::CodeLocation(file, line), internal::GetTypeId<TestT>(),
      internal::SuiteApiResolver<TestT>::GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(file, line),
      internal::SuiteApiResolver<TestT>::GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(file, line),
      new FactoryImpl{std::move(factory)});
}

}  // namespace testing

// Use this function in main() to run all tests.  It returns 0 if all
// tests are successful, or 1 otherwise.
//
// RUN_ALL_TESTS() should be invoked after the command line has been
// parsed by InitGoogleTest().
//
// This function was formerly a macro; thus, it is in the global
// namespace and has an all-caps name.
int RUN_ALL_TESTS() GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_;

inline int RUN_ALL_TESTS() { return ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->Run(); }

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h
================================================
// Copyright 2006, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// Implements a family of generic predicate assertion macros.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_

#include "gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

namespace testing {

// This header implements a family of generic predicate assertion
// macros:
//
//   ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(pred_format, v1)
//   ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(pred_format, v1, v2)
//   ...
//
// where pred_format is a function or functor that takes n (in the
// case of ASSERT_PRED_FORMATn) values and their source expression
// text, and returns a testing::AssertionResult.  See the definition
// of ASSERT_EQ in gtest.h for an example.
//
// If you don't care about formatting, you can use the more
// restrictive version:
//
//   ASSERT_PRED1(pred, v1)
//   ASSERT_PRED2(pred, v1, v2)
//   ...
//
// where pred is an n-ary function or functor that returns bool,
// and the values v1, v2, ..., must support the << operator for
// streaming to std::ostream.
//
// We also define the EXPECT_* variations.
//
// For now we only support predicates whose arity is at most 5.
// Please email googletestframework@googlegroups.com if you need
// support for higher arities.

// GTEST_ASSERT_ is the basic statement to which all of the assertions
// in this file reduce.  Don't use this in your code.

#define GTEST_ASSERT_(expression, on_failure)                   \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                 \
  if (const ::testing::AssertionResult gtest_ar = (expression)) \
    ;                                                           \
  else                                                          \
    on_failure(gtest_ar.failure_message())

// Helper function for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED1.  Don't use
// this in your code.
template <typename Pred, typename T1>
AssertionResult AssertPred1Helper(const char* pred_text, const char* e1,
                                  Pred pred, const T1& v1) {
  if (pred(v1)) return AssertionSuccess();

  return AssertionFailure()
         << pred_text << "(" << e1 << ") evaluates to false, where"
         << "\n"
         << e1 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v1);
}

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED_FORMAT1.
// Don't use this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED_FORMAT1_(pred_format, v1, on_failure) \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(pred_format(#v1, v1), on_failure)

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED1.  Don't use
// this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED1_(pred, v1, on_failure) \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(::testing::AssertPred1Helper(#pred, #v1, pred, v1), on_failure)

// Unary predicate assertion macros.
#define EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(pred_format, v1) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT1_(pred_format, v1, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_PRED1(pred, v1) GTEST_PRED1_(pred, v1, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(pred_format, v1) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT1_(pred_format, v1, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED1(pred, v1) GTEST_PRED1_(pred, v1, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Helper function for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED2.  Don't use
// this in your code.
template <typename Pred, typename T1, typename T2>
AssertionResult AssertPred2Helper(const char* pred_text, const char* e1,
                                  const char* e2, Pred pred, const T1& v1,
                                  const T2& v2) {
  if (pred(v1, v2)) return AssertionSuccess();

  return AssertionFailure()
         << pred_text << "(" << e1 << ", " << e2
         << ") evaluates to false, where"
         << "\n"
         << e1 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v1) << "\n"
         << e2 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v2);
}

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED_FORMAT2.
// Don't use this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED_FORMAT2_(pred_format, v1, v2, on_failure) \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(pred_format(#v1, #v2, v1, v2), on_failure)

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED2.  Don't use
// this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED2_(pred, v1, v2, on_failure)                               \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(::testing::AssertPred2Helper(#pred, #v1, #v2, pred, v1, v2), \
                on_failure)

// Binary predicate assertion macros.
#define EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(pred_format, v1, v2) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT2_(pred_format, v1, v2, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_PRED2(pred, v1, v2) \
  GTEST_PRED2_(pred, v1, v2, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(pred_format, v1, v2) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT2_(pred_format, v1, v2, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED2(pred, v1, v2) \
  GTEST_PRED2_(pred, v1, v2, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Helper function for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED3.  Don't use
// this in your code.
template <typename Pred, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
AssertionResult AssertPred3Helper(const char* pred_text, const char* e1,
                                  const char* e2, const char* e3, Pred pred,
                                  const T1& v1, const T2& v2, const T3& v3) {
  if (pred(v1, v2, v3)) return AssertionSuccess();

  return AssertionFailure()
         << pred_text << "(" << e1 << ", " << e2 << ", " << e3
         << ") evaluates to false, where"
         << "\n"
         << e1 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v1) << "\n"
         << e2 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v2) << "\n"
         << e3 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v3);
}

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED_FORMAT3.
// Don't use this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED_FORMAT3_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, on_failure) \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(pred_format(#v1, #v2, #v3, v1, v2, v3), on_failure)

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED3.  Don't use
// this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED3_(pred, v1, v2, v3, on_failure)                          \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(                                                            \
      ::testing::AssertPred3Helper(#pred, #v1, #v2, #v3, pred, v1, v2, v3), \
      on_failure)

// Ternary predicate assertion macros.
#define EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT3(pred_format, v1, v2, v3) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT3_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_PRED3(pred, v1, v2, v3) \
  GTEST_PRED3_(pred, v1, v2, v3, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT3(pred_format, v1, v2, v3) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT3_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED3(pred, v1, v2, v3) \
  GTEST_PRED3_(pred, v1, v2, v3, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Helper function for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED4.  Don't use
// this in your code.
template <typename Pred, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
AssertionResult AssertPred4Helper(const char* pred_text, const char* e1,
                                  const char* e2, const char* e3,
                                  const char* e4, Pred pred, const T1& v1,
                                  const T2& v2, const T3& v3, const T4& v4) {
  if (pred(v1, v2, v3, v4)) return AssertionSuccess();

  return AssertionFailure()
         << pred_text << "(" << e1 << ", " << e2 << ", " << e3 << ", " << e4
         << ") evaluates to false, where"
         << "\n"
         << e1 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v1) << "\n"
         << e2 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v2) << "\n"
         << e3 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v3) << "\n"
         << e4 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v4);
}

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED_FORMAT4.
// Don't use this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED_FORMAT4_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, on_failure) \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(pred_format(#v1, #v2, #v3, #v4, v1, v2, v3, v4), on_failure)

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED4.  Don't use
// this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED4_(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, on_failure)                        \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(::testing::AssertPred4Helper(#pred, #v1, #v2, #v3, #v4, pred, \
                                             v1, v2, v3, v4),                 \
                on_failure)

// 4-ary predicate assertion macros.
#define EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT4(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT4_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_PRED4(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4) \
  GTEST_PRED4_(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT4(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT4_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED4(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4) \
  GTEST_PRED4_(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Helper function for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED5.  Don't use
// this in your code.
template <typename Pred, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4,
          typename T5>
AssertionResult AssertPred5Helper(const char* pred_text, const char* e1,
                                  const char* e2, const char* e3,
                                  const char* e4, const char* e5, Pred pred,
                                  const T1& v1, const T2& v2, const T3& v3,
                                  const T4& v4, const T5& v5) {
  if (pred(v1, v2, v3, v4, v5)) return AssertionSuccess();

  return AssertionFailure()
         << pred_text << "(" << e1 << ", " << e2 << ", " << e3 << ", " << e4
         << ", " << e5 << ") evaluates to false, where"
         << "\n"
         << e1 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v1) << "\n"
         << e2 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v2) << "\n"
         << e3 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v3) << "\n"
         << e4 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v4) << "\n"
         << e5 << " evaluates to " << ::testing::PrintToString(v5);
}

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED_FORMAT5.
// Don't use this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED_FORMAT5_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, on_failure)  \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(pred_format(#v1, #v2, #v3, #v4, #v5, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5), \
                on_failure)

// Internal macro for implementing {EXPECT|ASSERT}_PRED5.  Don't use
// this in your code.
#define GTEST_PRED5_(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, on_failure)                   \
  GTEST_ASSERT_(::testing::AssertPred5Helper(#pred, #v1, #v2, #v3, #v4, #v5, \
                                             pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5),      \
                on_failure)

// 5-ary predicate assertion macros.
#define EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT5(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT5_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_PRED5(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5) \
  GTEST_PRED5_(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT5(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5) \
  GTEST_PRED_FORMAT5_(pred_format, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_PRED5(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5) \
  GTEST_PRED5_(pred, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

}  // namespace testing

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h
================================================
// Copyright 2006, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework definitions useful in production
// code.

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_

// When you need to test the private or protected members of a class,
// use the FRIEND_TEST macro to declare your tests as friends of the
// class.  For example:
//
// class MyClass {
//  private:
//   void PrivateMethod();
//   FRIEND_TEST(MyClassTest, PrivateMethodWorks);
// };
//
// class MyClassTest : public testing::Test {
//   // ...
// };
//
// TEST_F(MyClassTest, PrivateMethodWorks) {
//   // Can call MyClass::PrivateMethod() here.
// }
//
// Note: The test class must be in the same namespace as the class being tested.
// For example, putting MyClassTest in an anonymous namespace will not work.

#define FRIEND_TEST(test_case_name, test_name) \
  friend class test_case_name##_##test_name##_Test

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/custom/README.md
================================================
# Customization Points

The custom directory is an injection point for custom user configurations.

## Header `gtest.h`

### The following macros can be defined:

*   `GTEST_OS_STACK_TRACE_GETTER_` - The name of an implementation of
    `OsStackTraceGetterInterface`.
*   `GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_` - An override for `testing::TempDir()`. See
    `testing::TempDir` for semantics and signature.

## Header `gtest-port.h`

The following macros can be defined:

### Logging:

*   `GTEST_LOG_(severity)`
*   `GTEST_CHECK_(condition)`
*   Functions `LogToStderr()` and `FlushInfoLog()` have to be provided too.

### Threading:

*   `GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_` - Enabled if Notification is already provided.
*   `GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_` - Enabled if `Mutex` and `ThreadLocal`
    are already provided. Must also provide `GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex)`
    and `GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex)`
*   `GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)`
*   `GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)`

### Underlying library support features

*   `GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_`

### Exporting API symbols:

*   `GTEST_API_` - Specifier for exported symbols.

## Header `gtest-printers.h`

*   See documentation at `gtest/gtest-printers.h` for details on how to define a
    custom printer.


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
================================================
// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// Injection point for custom user configurations. See README for details
//
// ** Custom implementation starts here **

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-printers.h
================================================
// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// This file provides an injection point for custom printers in a local
// installation of gTest.
// It will be included from gtest-printers.h and the overrides in this file
// will be visible to everyone.
//
// Injection point for custom user configurations. See README for details
//
// ** Custom implementation starts here **

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
================================================
// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// Injection point for custom user configurations. See README for details
//
// ** Custom implementation starts here **

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file defines internal utilities needed for implementing
// death tests.  They are subject to change without notice.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_

#include <stdio.h>

#include <memory>

#include "gtest/gtest-matchers.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"

GTEST_DECLARE_string_(internal_run_death_test);

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// Names of the flags (needed for parsing Google Test flags).
const char kDeathTestStyleFlag[] = "death_test_style";
const char kDeathTestUseFork[] = "death_test_use_fork";
const char kInternalRunDeathTestFlag[] = "internal_run_death_test";

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

// DeathTest is a class that hides much of the complexity of the
// GTEST_DEATH_TEST_ macro.  It is abstract; its static Create method
// returns a concrete class that depends on the prevailing death test
// style, as defined by the --gtest_death_test_style and/or
// --gtest_internal_run_death_test flags.

// In describing the results of death tests, these terms are used with
// the corresponding definitions:
//
// exit status:  The integer exit information in the format specified
//               by wait(2)
// exit code:    The integer code passed to exit(3), _exit(2), or
//               returned from main()
class GTEST_API_ DeathTest {
 public:
  // Create returns false if there was an error determining the
  // appropriate action to take for the current death test; for example,
  // if the gtest_death_test_style flag is set to an invalid value.
  // The LastMessage method will return a more detailed message in that
  // case.  Otherwise, the DeathTest pointer pointed to by the "test"
  // argument is set.  If the death test should be skipped, the pointer
  // is set to NULL; otherwise, it is set to the address of a new concrete
  // DeathTest object that controls the execution of the current test.
  static bool Create(const char* statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher,
                     const char* file, int line, DeathTest** test);
  DeathTest();
  virtual ~DeathTest() {}

  // A helper class that aborts a death test when it's deleted.
  class ReturnSentinel {
   public:
    explicit ReturnSentinel(DeathTest* test) : test_(test) {}
    ~ReturnSentinel() { test_->Abort(TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT); }

   private:
    DeathTest* const test_;
    ReturnSentinel(const ReturnSentinel&) = delete;
    ReturnSentinel& operator=(const ReturnSentinel&) = delete;
  } GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;

  // An enumeration of possible roles that may be taken when a death
  // test is encountered.  EXECUTE means that the death test logic should
  // be executed immediately.  OVERSEE means that the program should prepare
  // the appropriate environment for a child process to execute the death
  // test, then wait for it to complete.
  enum TestRole { OVERSEE_TEST, EXECUTE_TEST };

  // An enumeration of the three reasons that a test might be aborted.
  enum AbortReason {
    TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT,
    TEST_THREW_EXCEPTION,
    TEST_DID_NOT_DIE
  };

  // Assumes one of the above roles.
  virtual TestRole AssumeRole() = 0;

  // Waits for the death test to finish and returns its status.
  virtual int Wait() = 0;

  // Returns true if the death test passed; that is, the test process
  // exited during the test, its exit status matches a user-supplied
  // predicate, and its stderr output matches a user-supplied regular
  // expression.
  // The user-supplied predicate may be a macro expression rather
  // than a function pointer or functor, or else Wait and Passed could
  // be combined.
  virtual bool Passed(bool exit_status_ok) = 0;

  // Signals that the death test did not die as expected.
  virtual void Abort(AbortReason reason) = 0;

  // Returns a human-readable outcome message regarding the outcome of
  // the last death test.
  static const char* LastMessage();

  static void set_last_death_test_message(const std::string& message);

 private:
  // A string containing a description of the outcome of the last death test.
  static std::string last_death_test_message_;

  DeathTest(const DeathTest&) = delete;
  DeathTest& operator=(const DeathTest&) = delete;
};

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

// Factory interface for death tests.  May be mocked out for testing.
class DeathTestFactory {
 public:
  virtual ~DeathTestFactory() {}
  virtual bool Create(const char* statement,
                      Matcher<const std::string&> matcher, const char* file,
                      int line, DeathTest** test) = 0;
};

// A concrete DeathTestFactory implementation for normal use.
class DefaultDeathTestFactory : public DeathTestFactory {
 public:
  bool Create(const char* statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher,
              const char* file, int line, DeathTest** test) override;
};

// Returns true if exit_status describes a process that was terminated
// by a signal, or exited normally with a nonzero exit code.
GTEST_API_ bool ExitedUnsuccessfully(int exit_status);

// A string passed to EXPECT_DEATH (etc.) is caught by one of these overloads
// and interpreted as a regex (rather than an Eq matcher) for legacy
// compatibility.
inline Matcher<const ::std::string&> MakeDeathTestMatcher(
    ::testing::internal::RE regex) {
  return ContainsRegex(regex.pattern());
}
inline Matcher<const ::std::string&> MakeDeathTestMatcher(const char* regex) {
  return ContainsRegex(regex);
}
inline Matcher<const ::std::string&> MakeDeathTestMatcher(
    const ::std::string& regex) {
  return ContainsRegex(regex);
}

// If a Matcher<const ::std::string&> is passed to EXPECT_DEATH (etc.), it's
// used directly.
inline Matcher<const ::std::string&> MakeDeathTestMatcher(
    Matcher<const ::std::string&> matcher) {
  return matcher;
}

// Traps C++ exceptions escaping statement and reports them as test
// failures. Note that trapping SEH exceptions is not implemented here.
#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
#define GTEST_EXECUTE_DEATH_TEST_STATEMENT_(statement, death_test)           \
  try {                                                                      \
    GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);               \
  } catch (const ::std::exception& gtest_exception) {                        \
    fprintf(                                                                 \
        stderr,                                                              \
        "\n%s: Caught std::exception-derived exception escaping the "        \
        "death test statement. Exception message: %s\n",                     \
        ::testing::internal::FormatFileLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__).c_str(), \
        gtest_exception.what());                                             \
    fflush(stderr);                                                          \
    death_test->Abort(::testing::internal::DeathTest::TEST_THREW_EXCEPTION); \
  } catch (...) {                                                            \
    death_test->Abort(::testing::internal::DeathTest::TEST_THREW_EXCEPTION); \
  }

#else
#define GTEST_EXECUTE_DEATH_TEST_STATEMENT_(statement, death_test) \
  GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement)

#endif

// This macro is for implementing ASSERT_DEATH*, EXPECT_DEATH*,
// ASSERT_EXIT*, and EXPECT_EXIT*.
#define GTEST_DEATH_TEST_(statement, predicate, regex_or_matcher, fail)        \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                                \
  if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                                     \
    ::testing::internal::DeathTest* gtest_dt;                                  \
    if (!::testing::internal::DeathTest::Create(                               \
            #statement,                                                        \
            ::testing::internal::MakeDeathTestMatcher(regex_or_matcher),       \
            __FILE__, __LINE__, &gtest_dt)) {                                  \
      goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_, __LINE__);                        \
    }                                                                          \
    if (gtest_dt != nullptr) {                                                 \
      std::unique_ptr< ::testing::internal::DeathTest> gtest_dt_ptr(gtest_dt); \
      switch (gtest_dt->AssumeRole()) {                                        \
        case ::testing::internal::DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST:                     \
          if (!gtest_dt->Passed(predicate(gtest_dt->Wait()))) {                \
            goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_, __LINE__);                  \
          }                                                                    \
          break;                                                               \
        case ::testing::internal::DeathTest::EXECUTE_TEST: {                   \
          ::testing::internal::DeathTest::ReturnSentinel gtest_sentinel(       \
              gtest_dt);                                                       \
          GTEST_EXECUTE_DEATH_TEST_STATEMENT_(statement, gtest_dt);            \
          gtest_dt->Abort(::testing::internal::DeathTest::TEST_DID_NOT_DIE);   \
          break;                                                               \
        }                                                                      \
      }                                                                        \
    }                                                                          \
  } else                                                                       \
    GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_, __LINE__)                                \
        : fail(::testing::internal::DeathTest::LastMessage())
// The symbol "fail" here expands to something into which a message
// can be streamed.

// This macro is for implementing ASSERT/EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH when compiled in
// NDEBUG mode. In this case we need the statements to be executed and the macro
// must accept a streamed message even though the message is never printed.
// The regex object is not evaluated, but it is used to prevent "unused"
// warnings and to avoid an expression that doesn't compile in debug mode.
#define GTEST_EXECUTE_STATEMENT_(statement, regex_or_matcher)    \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                  \
  if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                       \
    GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);   \
  } else if (!::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {               \
    ::testing::internal::MakeDeathTestMatcher(regex_or_matcher); \
  } else                                                         \
    ::testing::Message()

// A class representing the parsed contents of the
// --gtest_internal_run_death_test flag, as it existed when
// RUN_ALL_TESTS was called.
class InternalRunDeathTestFlag {
 public:
  InternalRunDeathTestFlag(const std::string& a_file, int a_line, int an_index,
                           int a_write_fd)
      : file_(a_file), line_(a_line), index_(an_index), write_fd_(a_write_fd) {}

  ~InternalRunDeathTestFlag() {
    if (write_fd_ >= 0) posix::Close(write_fd_);
  }

  const std::string& file() const { return file_; }
  int line() const { return line_; }
  int index() const { return index_; }
  int write_fd() const { return write_fd_; }

 private:
  std::string file_;
  int line_;
  int index_;
  int write_fd_;

  InternalRunDeathTestFlag(const InternalRunDeathTestFlag&) = delete;
  InternalRunDeathTestFlag& operator=(const InternalRunDeathTestFlag&) = delete;
};

// Returns a newly created InternalRunDeathTestFlag object with fields
// initialized from the GTEST_FLAG(internal_run_death_test) flag if
// the flag is specified; otherwise returns NULL.
InternalRunDeathTestFlag* ParseInternalRunDeathTestFlag();

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
================================================
// Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Google Test filepath utilities
//
// This header file declares classes and functions used internally by
// Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice.
//
// This file is #included in gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h.
// Do not include this header file separately!

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// FilePath - a class for file and directory pathname manipulation which
// handles platform-specific conventions (like the pathname separator).
// Used for helper functions for naming files in a directory for xml output.
// Except for Set methods, all methods are const or static, which provides an
// "immutable value object" -- useful for peace of mind.
// A FilePath with a value ending in a path separator ("like/this/") represents
// a directory, otherwise it is assumed to represent a file. In either case,
// it may or may not represent an actual file or directory in the file system.
// Names are NOT checked for syntax correctness -- no checking for illegal
// characters, malformed paths, etc.

class GTEST_API_ FilePath {
 public:
  FilePath() : pathname_("") {}
  FilePath(const FilePath& rhs) : pathname_(rhs.pathname_) {}

  explicit FilePath(const std::string& pathname) : pathname_(pathname) {
    Normalize();
  }

  FilePath& operator=(const FilePath& rhs) {
    Set(rhs);
    return *this;
  }

  void Set(const FilePath& rhs) { pathname_ = rhs.pathname_; }

  const std::string& string() const { return pathname_; }
  const char* c_str() const { return pathname_.c_str(); }

  // Returns the current working directory, or "" if unsuccessful.
  static FilePath GetCurrentDir();

  // Given directory = "dir", base_name = "test", number = 0,
  // extension = "xml", returns "dir/test.xml". If number is greater
  // than zero (e.g., 12), returns "dir/test_12.xml".
  // On Windows platform, uses \ as the separator rather than /.
  static FilePath MakeFileName(const FilePath& directory,
                               const FilePath& base_name, int number,
                               const char* extension);

  // Given directory = "dir", relative_path = "test.xml",
  // returns "dir/test.xml".
  // On Windows, uses \ as the separator rather than /.
  static FilePath ConcatPaths(const FilePath& directory,
                              const FilePath& relative_path);

  // Returns a pathname for a file that does not currently exist. The pathname
  // will be directory/base_name.extension or
  // directory/base_name_<number>.extension if directory/base_name.extension
  // already exists. The number will be incremented until a pathname is found
  // that does not already exist.
  // Examples: 'dir/foo_test.xml' or 'dir/foo_test_1.xml'.
  // There could be a race condition if two or more processes are calling this
  // function at the same time -- they could both pick the same filename.
  static FilePath GenerateUniqueFileName(const FilePath& directory,
                                         const FilePath& base_name,
                                         const char* extension);

  // Returns true if and only if the path is "".
  bool IsEmpty() const { return pathname_.empty(); }

  // If input name has a trailing separator character, removes it and returns
  // the name, otherwise return the name string unmodified.
  // On Windows platform, uses \ as the separator, other platforms use /.
  FilePath RemoveTrailingPathSeparator() const;

  // Returns a copy of the FilePath with the directory part removed.
  // Example: FilePath("path/to/file").RemoveDirectoryName() returns
  // FilePath("file"). If there is no directory part ("just_a_file"), it returns
  // the FilePath unmodified. If there is no file part ("just_a_dir/") it
  // returns an empty FilePath ("").
  // On Windows platform, '\' is the path separator, otherwise it is '/'.
  FilePath RemoveDirectoryName() const;

  // RemoveFileName returns the directory path with the filename removed.
  // Example: FilePath("path/to/file").RemoveFileName() returns "path/to/".
  // If the FilePath is "a_file" or "/a_file", RemoveFileName returns
  // FilePath("./") or, on Windows, FilePath(".\\"). If the filepath does
  // not have a file, like "just/a/dir/", it returns the FilePath unmodified.
  // On Windows platform, '\' is the path separator, otherwise it is '/'.
  FilePath RemoveFileName() const;

  // Returns a copy of the FilePath with the case-insensitive extension removed.
  // Example: FilePath("dir/file.exe").RemoveExtension("EXE") returns
  // FilePath("dir/file"). If a case-insensitive extension is not
  // found, returns a copy of the original FilePath.
  FilePath RemoveExtension(const char* extension) const;

  // Creates directories so that path exists. Returns true if successful or if
  // the directories already exist; returns false if unable to create
  // directories for any reason. Will also return false if the FilePath does
  // not represent a directory (that is, it doesn't end with a path separator).
  bool CreateDirectoriesRecursively() const;

  // Create the directory so that path exists. Returns true if successful or
  // if the directory already exists; returns false if unable to create the
  // directory for any reason, including if the parent directory does not
  // exist. Not named "CreateDirectory" because that's a macro on Windows.
  bool CreateFolder() const;

  // Returns true if FilePath describes something in the file-system,
  // either a file, directory, or whatever, and that something exists.
  bool FileOrDirectoryExists() const;

  // Returns true if pathname describes a directory in the file-system
  // that exists.
  bool DirectoryExists() const;

  // Returns true if FilePath ends with a path separator, which indicates that
  // it is intended to represent a directory. Returns false otherwise.
  // This does NOT check that a directory (or file) actually exists.
  bool IsDirectory() const;

  // Returns true if pathname describes a root directory. (Windows has one
  // root directory per disk drive.)
  bool IsRootDirectory() const;

  // Returns true if pathname describes an absolute path.
  bool IsAbsolutePath() const;

 private:
  // Replaces multiple consecutive separators with a single separator.
  // For example, "bar///foo" becomes "bar/foo". Does not eliminate other
  // redundancies that might be in a pathname involving "." or "..".
  //
  // A pathname with multiple consecutive separators may occur either through
  // user error or as a result of some scripts or APIs that generate a pathname
  // with a trailing separator. On other platforms the same API or script
  // may NOT generate a pathname with a trailing "/". Then elsewhere that
  // pathname may have another "/" and pathname components added to it,
  // without checking for the separator already being there.
  // The script language and operating system may allow paths like "foo//bar"
  // but some of the functions in FilePath will not handle that correctly. In
  // particular, RemoveTrailingPathSeparator() only removes one separator, and
  // it is called in CreateDirectoriesRecursively() assuming that it will change
  // a pathname from directory syntax (trailing separator) to filename syntax.
  //
  // On Windows this method also replaces the alternate path separator '/' with
  // the primary path separator '\\', so that for example "bar\\/\\foo" becomes
  // "bar\\foo".

  void Normalize();

  // Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of a valid path separator in
  // the FilePath. On Windows, for example, both '/' and '\' are valid path
  // separators. Returns NULL if no path separator was found.
  const char* FindLastPathSeparator() const;

  std::string pathname_;
};  // class FilePath

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file declares functions and macros used internally by
// Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
#include <stdexcept>
#endif

#include <ctype.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <cstdint>
#include <iomanip>
#include <limits>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h"

// Due to C++ preprocessor weirdness, we need double indirection to
// concatenate two tokens when one of them is __LINE__.  Writing
//
//   foo ## __LINE__
//
// will result in the token foo__LINE__, instead of foo followed by
// the current line number.  For more details, see
// http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/misc-technical-issues.html#faq-39.6
#define GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(foo, bar) GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_IMPL_(foo, bar)
#define GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_IMPL_(foo, bar) foo##bar

// Stringifies its argument.
// Work around a bug in visual studio which doesn't accept code like this:
//
//   #define GTEST_STRINGIFY_(name) #name
//   #define MACRO(a, b, c) ... GTEST_STRINGIFY_(a) ...
//   MACRO(, x, y)
//
// Complaining about the argument to GTEST_STRINGIFY_ being empty.
// This is allowed by the spec.
#define GTEST_STRINGIFY_HELPER_(name, ...) #name
#define GTEST_STRINGIFY_(...) GTEST_STRINGIFY_HELPER_(__VA_ARGS__, )

namespace proto2 {
class MessageLite;
}

namespace testing {

// Forward declarations.

class AssertionResult;  // Result of an assertion.
class Message;          // Represents a failure message.
class Test;             // Represents a test.
class TestInfo;         // Information about a test.
class TestPartResult;   // Result of a test part.
class UnitTest;         // A collection of test suites.

template <typename T>
::std::string PrintToString(const T& value);

namespace internal {

struct TraceInfo;    // Information about a trace point.
class TestInfoImpl;  // Opaque implementation of TestInfo
class UnitTestImpl;  // Opaque implementation of UnitTest

// The text used in failure messages to indicate the start of the
// stack trace.
GTEST_API_ extern const char kStackTraceMarker[];

// An IgnoredValue object can be implicitly constructed from ANY value.
class IgnoredValue {
  struct Sink {};

 public:
  // This constructor template allows any value to be implicitly
  // converted to IgnoredValue.  The object has no data member and
  // doesn't try to remember anything about the argument.  We
  // deliberately omit the 'explicit' keyword in order to allow the
  // conversion to be implicit.
  // Disable the conversion if T already has a magical conversion operator.
  // Otherwise we get ambiguity.
  template <typename T,
            typename std::enable_if<!std::is_convertible<T, Sink>::value,
                                    int>::type = 0>
  IgnoredValue(const T& /* ignored */) {}  // NOLINT(runtime/explicit)
};

// Appends the user-supplied message to the Google-Test-generated message.
GTEST_API_ std::string AppendUserMessage(const std::string& gtest_msg,
                                         const Message& user_msg);

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(
    4275 /* an exported class was derived from a class that was not exported */)

// This exception is thrown by (and only by) a failed Google Test
// assertion when GTEST_FLAG(throw_on_failure) is true (if exceptions
// are enabled).  We derive it from std::runtime_error, which is for
// errors presumably detectable only at run time.  Since
// std::runtime_error inherits from std::exception, many testing
// frameworks know how to extract and print the message inside it.
class GTEST_API_ GoogleTestFailureException : public ::std::runtime_error {
 public:
  explicit GoogleTestFailureException(const TestPartResult& failure);
};

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4275

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

namespace edit_distance {
// Returns the optimal edits to go from 'left' to 'right'.
// All edits cost the same, with replace having lower priority than
// add/remove.
// Simple implementation of the Wagner-Fischer algorithm.
// See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagner-Fischer_algorithm
enum EditType { kMatch, kAdd, kRemove, kReplace };
GTEST_API_ std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
    const std::vector<size_t>& left, const std::vector<size_t>& right);

// Same as above, but the input is represented as strings.
GTEST_API_ std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
    const std::vector<std::string>& left,
    const std::vector<std::string>& right);

// Create a diff of the input strings in Unified diff format.
GTEST_API_ std::string CreateUnifiedDiff(const std::vector<std::string>& left,
                                         const std::vector<std::string>& right,
                                         size_t context = 2);

}  // namespace edit_distance

// Constructs and returns the message for an equality assertion
// (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_STREQ, etc) failure.
//
// The first four parameters are the expressions used in the assertion
// and their values, as strings.  For example, for ASSERT_EQ(foo, bar)
// where foo is 5 and bar is 6, we have:
//
//   expected_expression: "foo"
//   actual_expression:   "bar"
//   expected_value:      "5"
//   actual_value:        "6"
//
// The ignoring_case parameter is true if and only if the assertion is a
// *_STRCASEEQ*.  When it's true, the string " (ignoring case)" will
// be inserted into the message.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult EqFailure(const char* expected_expression,
                                     const char* actual_expression,
                                     const std::string& expected_value,
                                     const std::string& actual_value,
                                     bool ignoring_case);

// Constructs a failure message for Boolean assertions such as EXPECT_TRUE.
GTEST_API_ std::string GetBoolAssertionFailureMessage(
    const AssertionResult& assertion_result, const char* expression_text,
    const char* actual_predicate_value, const char* expected_predicate_value);

// This template class represents an IEEE floating-point number
// (either single-precision or double-precision, depending on the
// template parameters).
//
// The purpose of this class is to do more sophisticated number
// comparison.  (Due to round-off error, etc, it's very unlikely that
// two floating-points will be equal exactly.  Hence a naive
// comparison by the == operation often doesn't work.)
//
// Format of IEEE floating-point:
//
//   The most-significant bit being the leftmost, an IEEE
//   floating-point looks like
//
//     sign_bit exponent_bits fraction_bits
//
//   Here, sign_bit is a single bit that designates the sign of the
//   number.
//
//   For float, there are 8 exponent bits and 23 fraction bits.
//
//   For double, there are 11 exponent bits and 52 fraction bits.
//
//   More details can be found at
//   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_floating-point_standard.
//
// Template parameter:
//
//   RawType: the raw floating-point type (either float or double)
template <typename RawType>
class FloatingPoint {
 public:
  // Defines the unsigned integer type that has the same size as the
  // floating point number.
  typedef typename TypeWithSize<sizeof(RawType)>::UInt Bits;

  // Constants.

  // # of bits in a number.
  static const size_t kBitCount = 8 * sizeof(RawType);

  // # of fraction bits in a number.
  static const size_t kFractionBitCount =
      std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits - 1;

  // # of exponent bits in a number.
  static const size_t kExponentBitCount = kBitCount - 1 - kFractionBitCount;

  // The mask for the sign bit.
  static const Bits kSignBitMask = static_cast<Bits>(1) << (kBitCount - 1);

  // The mask for the fraction bits.
  static const Bits kFractionBitMask = ~static_cast<Bits>(0) >>
                                       (kExponentBitCount + 1);

  // The mask for the exponent bits.
  static const Bits kExponentBitMask = ~(kSignBitMask | kFractionBitMask);

  // How many ULP's (Units in the Last Place) we want to tolerate when
  // comparing two numbers.  The larger the value, the more error we
  // allow.  A 0 value means that two numbers must be exactly the same
  // to be considered equal.
  //
  // The maximum error of a single floating-point operation is 0.5
  // units in the last place.  On Intel CPU's, all floating-point
  // calculations are done with 80-bit precision, while double has 64
  // bits.  Therefore, 4 should be enough for ordinary use.
  //
  // See the following article for more details on ULP:
  // http://randomascii.wordpress.com/2012/02/25/comparing-floating-point-numbers-2012-edition/
  static const uint32_t kMaxUlps = 4;

  // Constructs a FloatingPoint from a raw floating-point number.
  //
  // On an Intel CPU, passing a non-normalized NAN (Not a Number)
  // around may change its bits, although the new value is guaranteed
  // to be also a NAN.  Therefore, don't expect this constructor to
  // preserve the bits in x when x is a NAN.
  explicit FloatingPoint(const RawType& x) { u_.value_ = x; }

  // Static methods

  // Reinterprets a bit pattern as a floating-point number.
  //
  // This function is needed to test the AlmostEquals() method.
  static RawType ReinterpretBits(const Bits bits) {
    FloatingPoint fp(0);
    fp.u_.bits_ = bits;
    return fp.u_.value_;
  }

  // Returns the floating-point number that represent positive infinity.
  static RawType Infinity() { return ReinterpretBits(kExponentBitMask); }

  // Returns the maximum representable finite floating-point number.
  static RawType Max();

  // Non-static methods

  // Returns the bits that represents this number.
  const Bits& bits() const { return u_.bits_; }

  // Returns the exponent bits of this number.
  Bits exponent_bits() const { return kExponentBitMask & u_.bits_; }

  // Returns the fraction bits of this number.
  Bits fraction_bits() const { return kFractionBitMask & u_.bits_; }

  // Returns the sign bit of this number.
  Bits sign_bit() const { return kSignBitMask & u_.bits_; }

  // Returns true if and only if this is NAN (not a number).
  bool is_nan() const {
    // It's a NAN if the exponent bits are all ones and the fraction
    // bits are not entirely zeros.
    return (exponent_bits() == kExponentBitMask) && (fraction_bits() != 0);
  }

  // Returns true if and only if this number is at most kMaxUlps ULP's away
  // from rhs.  In particular, this function:
  //
  //   - returns false if either number is (or both are) NAN.
  //   - treats really large numbers as almost equal to infinity.
  //   - thinks +0.0 and -0.0 are 0 DLP's apart.
  bool AlmostEquals(const FloatingPoint& rhs) const {
    // The IEEE standard says that any comparison operation involving
    // a NAN must return false.
    if (is_nan() || rhs.is_nan()) return false;

    return DistanceBetweenSignAndMagnitudeNumbers(u_.bits_, rhs.u_.bits_) <=
           kMaxUlps;
  }

 private:
  // The data type used to store the actual floating-point number.
  union FloatingPointUnion {
    RawType value_;  // The raw floating-point number.
    Bits bits_;      // The bits that represent the number.
  };

  // Converts an integer from the sign-and-magnitude representation to
  // the biased representation.  More precisely, let N be 2 to the
  // power of (kBitCount - 1), an integer x is represented by the
  // unsigned number x + N.
  //
  // For instance,
  //
  //   -N + 1 (the most negative number representable using
  //          sign-and-magnitude) is represented by 1;
  //   0      is represented by N; and
  //   N - 1  (the biggest number representable using
  //          sign-and-magnitude) is represented by 2N - 1.
  //
  // Read http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed_number_representations
  // for more details on signed number representations.
  static Bits SignAndMagnitudeToBiased(const Bits& sam) {
    if (kSignBitMask & sam) {
      // sam represents a negative number.
      return ~sam + 1;
    } else {
      // sam represents a positive number.
      return kSignBitMask | sam;
    }
  }

  // Given two numbers in the sign-and-magnitude representation,
  // returns the distance between them as an unsigned number.
  static Bits DistanceBetweenSignAndMagnitudeNumbers(const Bits& sam1,
                                                     const Bits& sam2) {
    const Bits biased1 = SignAndMagnitudeToBiased(sam1);
    const Bits biased2 = SignAndMagnitudeToBiased(sam2);
    return (biased1 >= biased2) ? (biased1 - biased2) : (biased2 - biased1);
  }

  FloatingPointUnion u_;
};

// We cannot use std::numeric_limits<T>::max() as it clashes with the max()
// macro defined by <windows.h>.
template <>
inline float FloatingPoint<float>::Max() {
  return FLT_MAX;
}
template <>
inline double FloatingPoint<double>::Max() {
  return DBL_MAX;
}

// Typedefs the instances of the FloatingPoint template class that we
// care to use.
typedef FloatingPoint<float> Float;
typedef FloatingPoint<double> Double;

// In order to catch the mistake of putting tests that use different
// test fixture classes in the same test suite, we need to assign
// unique IDs to fixture classes and compare them.  The TypeId type is
// used to hold such IDs.  The user should treat TypeId as an opaque
// type: the only operation allowed on TypeId values is to compare
// them for equality using the == operator.
typedef const void* TypeId;

template <typename T>
class TypeIdHelper {
 public:
  // dummy_ must not have a const type.  Otherwise an overly eager
  // compiler (e.g. MSVC 7.1 & 8.0) may try to merge
  // TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_ for different Ts as an "optimization".
  static bool dummy_;
};

template <typename T>
bool TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_ = false;

// GetTypeId<T>() returns the ID of type T.  Different values will be
// returned for different types.  Calling the function twice with the
// same type argument is guaranteed to return the same ID.
template <typename T>
TypeId GetTypeId() {
  // The compiler is required to allocate a different
  // TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_ variable for each T used to instantiate
  // the template.  Therefore, the address of dummy_ is guaranteed to
  // be unique.
  return &(TypeIdHelper<T>::dummy_);
}

// Returns the type ID of ::testing::Test.  Always call this instead
// of GetTypeId< ::testing::Test>() to get the type ID of
// ::testing::Test, as the latter may give the wrong result due to a
// suspected linker bug when compiling Google Test as a Mac OS X
// framework.
GTEST_API_ TypeId GetTestTypeId();

// Defines the abstract factory interface that creates instances
// of a Test object.
class TestFactoryBase {
 public:
  virtual ~TestFactoryBase() {}

  // Creates a test instance to run. The instance is both created and destroyed
  // within TestInfoImpl::Run()
  virtual Test* CreateTest() = 0;

 protected:
  TestFactoryBase() {}

 private:
  TestFactoryBase(const TestFactoryBase&) = delete;
  TestFactoryBase& operator=(const TestFactoryBase&) = delete;
};

// This class provides implementation of TeastFactoryBase interface.
// It is used in TEST and TEST_F macros.
template <class TestClass>
class TestFactoryImpl : public TestFactoryBase {
 public:
  Test* CreateTest() override { return new TestClass; }
};

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Predicate-formatters for implementing the HRESULT checking macros
// {ASSERT|EXPECT}_HRESULT_{SUCCEEDED|FAILED}
// We pass a long instead of HRESULT to avoid causing an
// include dependency for the HRESULT type.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsHRESULTSuccess(const char* expr,
                                            long hr);  // NOLINT
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsHRESULTFailure(const char* expr,
                                            long hr);  // NOLINT

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Types of SetUpTestSuite() and TearDownTestSuite() functions.
using SetUpTestSuiteFunc = void (*)();
using TearDownTestSuiteFunc = void (*)();

struct CodeLocation {
  CodeLocation(const std::string& a_file, int a_line)
      : file(a_file), line(a_line) {}

  std::string file;
  int line;
};

//  Helper to identify which setup function for TestCase / TestSuite to call.
//  Only one function is allowed, either TestCase or TestSute but not both.

// Utility functions to help SuiteApiResolver
using SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType = void (*)();

inline SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType GetNotDefaultOrNull(
    SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType a, SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType def) {
  return a == def ? nullptr : a;
}

template <typename T>
//  Note that SuiteApiResolver inherits from T because
//  SetUpTestSuite()/TearDownTestSuite() could be protected. This way
//  SuiteApiResolver can access them.
struct SuiteApiResolver : T {
  // testing::Test is only forward declared at this point. So we make it a
  // dependent class for the compiler to be OK with it.
  using Test =
      typename std::conditional<sizeof(T) != 0, ::testing::Test, void>::type;

  static SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(const char* filename,
                                                        int line_num) {
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
    SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_case_fp =
        GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::SetUpTestCase, &Test::SetUpTestCase);
    SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_suite_fp =
        GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::SetUpTestSuite, &Test::SetUpTestSuite);

    GTEST_CHECK_(!test_case_fp || !test_suite_fp)
        << "Test can not provide both SetUpTestSuite and SetUpTestCase, please "
           "make sure there is only one present at "
        << filename << ":" << line_num;

    return test_case_fp != nullptr ? test_case_fp : test_suite_fp;
#else
    (void)(filename);
    (void)(line_num);
    return &T::SetUpTestSuite;
#endif
  }

  static SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(const char* filename,
                                                           int line_num) {
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
    SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_case_fp =
        GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::TearDownTestCase, &Test::TearDownTestCase);
    SetUpTearDownSuiteFuncType test_suite_fp =
        GetNotDefaultOrNull(&T::TearDownTestSuite, &Test::TearDownTestSuite);

    GTEST_CHECK_(!test_case_fp || !test_suite_fp)
        << "Test can not provide both TearDownTestSuite and TearDownTestCase,"
           " please make sure there is only one present at"
        << filename << ":" << line_num;

    return test_case_fp != nullptr ? test_case_fp : test_suite_fp;
#else
    (void)(filename);
    (void)(line_num);
    return &T::TearDownTestSuite;
#endif
  }
};

// Creates a new TestInfo object and registers it with Google Test;
// returns the created object.
//
// Arguments:
//
//   test_suite_name:  name of the test suite
//   name:             name of the test
//   type_param:       the name of the test's type parameter, or NULL if
//                     this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test.
//   value_param:      text representation of the test's value parameter,
//                     or NULL if this is not a type-parameterized test.
//   code_location:    code location where the test is defined
//   fixture_class_id: ID of the test fixture class
//   set_up_tc:        pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
//   tear_down_tc:     pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
//   factory:          pointer to the factory that creates a test object.
//                     The newly created TestInfo instance will assume
//                     ownership of the factory object.
GTEST_API_ TestInfo* MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
    const char* test_suite_name, const char* name, const char* type_param,
    const char* value_param, CodeLocation code_location,
    TypeId fixture_class_id, SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
    TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc, TestFactoryBase* factory);

// If *pstr starts with the given prefix, modifies *pstr to be right
// past the prefix and returns true; otherwise leaves *pstr unchanged
// and returns false.  None of pstr, *pstr, and prefix can be NULL.
GTEST_API_ bool SkipPrefix(const char* prefix, const char** pstr);

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

// State of the definition of a type-parameterized test suite.
class GTEST_API_ TypedTestSuitePState {
 public:
  TypedTestSuitePState() : registered_(false) {}

  // Adds the given test name to defined_test_names_ and return true
  // if the test suite hasn't been registered; otherwise aborts the
  // program.
  bool AddTestName(const char* file, int line, const char* case_name,
                   const char* test_name) {
    if (registered_) {
      fprintf(stderr,
              "%s Test %s must be defined before "
              "REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(%s, ...).\n",
              FormatFileLocation(file, line).c_str(), test_name, case_name);
      fflush(stderr);
      posix::Abort();
    }
    registered_tests_.insert(
        ::std::make_pair(test_name, CodeLocation(file, line)));
    return true;
  }

  bool TestExists(const std::string& test_name) const {
    return registered_tests_.count(test_name) > 0;
  }

  const CodeLocation& GetCodeLocation(const std::string& test_name) const {
    RegisteredTestsMap::const_iterator it = registered_tests_.find(test_name);
    GTEST_CHECK_(it != registered_tests_.end());
    return it->second;
  }

  // Verifies that registered_tests match the test names in
  // defined_test_names_; returns registered_tests if successful, or
  // aborts the program otherwise.
  const char* VerifyRegisteredTestNames(const char* test_suite_name,
                                        const char* file, int line,
                                        const char* registered_tests);

 private:
  typedef ::std::map<std::string, CodeLocation> RegisteredTestsMap;

  bool registered_;
  RegisteredTestsMap registered_tests_;
};

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
using TypedTestCasePState = TypedTestSuitePState;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

// Skips to the first non-space char after the first comma in 'str';
// returns NULL if no comma is found in 'str'.
inline const char* SkipComma(const char* str) {
  const char* comma = strchr(str, ',');
  if (comma == nullptr) {
    return nullptr;
  }
  while (IsSpace(*(++comma))) {
  }
  return comma;
}

// Returns the prefix of 'str' before the first comma in it; returns
// the entire string if it contains no comma.
inline std::string GetPrefixUntilComma(const char* str) {
  const char* comma = strchr(str, ',');
  return comma == nullptr ? str : std::string(str, comma);
}

// Splits a given string on a given delimiter, populating a given
// vector with the fields.
void SplitString(const ::std::string& str, char delimiter,
                 ::std::vector<::std::string>* dest);

// The default argument to the template below for the case when the user does
// not provide a name generator.
struct DefaultNameGenerator {
  template <typename T>
  static std::string GetName(int i) {
    return StreamableToString(i);
  }
};

template <typename Provided = DefaultNameGenerator>
struct NameGeneratorSelector {
  typedef Provided type;
};

template <typename NameGenerator>
void GenerateNamesRecursively(internal::None, std::vector<std::string>*, int) {}

template <typename NameGenerator, typename Types>
void GenerateNamesRecursively(Types, std::vector<std::string>* result, int i) {
  result->push_back(NameGenerator::template GetName<typename Types::Head>(i));
  GenerateNamesRecursively<NameGenerator>(typename Types::Tail(), result,
                                          i + 1);
}

template <typename NameGenerator, typename Types>
std::vector<std::string> GenerateNames() {
  std::vector<std::string> result;
  GenerateNamesRecursively<NameGenerator>(Types(), &result, 0);
  return result;
}

// TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, Types>::Register()
// registers a list of type-parameterized tests with Google Test.  The
// return value is insignificant - we just need to return something
// such that we can call this function in a namespace scope.
//
// Implementation note: The GTEST_TEMPLATE_ macro declares a template
// template parameter.  It's defined in gtest-type-util.h.
template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, class TestSel, typename Types>
class TypeParameterizedTest {
 public:
  // 'index' is the index of the test in the type list 'Types'
  // specified in INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(Prefix, TestSuite,
  // Types).  Valid values for 'index' are [0, N - 1] where N is the
  // length of Types.
  static bool Register(const char* prefix, const CodeLocation& code_location,
                       const char* case_name, const char* test_names, int index,
                       const std::vector<std::string>& type_names =
                           GenerateNames<DefaultNameGenerator, Types>()) {
    typedef typename Types::Head Type;
    typedef Fixture<Type> FixtureClass;
    typedef typename GTEST_BIND_(TestSel, Type) TestClass;

    // First, registers the first type-parameterized test in the type
    // list.
    MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
        (std::string(prefix) + (prefix[0] == '\0' ? "" : "/") + case_name +
         "/" + type_names[static_cast<size_t>(index)])
            .c_str(),
        StripTrailingSpaces(GetPrefixUntilComma(test_names)).c_str(),
        GetTypeName<Type>().c_str(),
        nullptr,  // No value parameter.
        code_location, GetTypeId<FixtureClass>(),
        SuiteApiResolver<TestClass>::GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(
            code_location.file.c_str(), code_location.line),
        SuiteApiResolver<TestClass>::GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(
            code_location.file.c_str(), code_location.line),
        new TestFactoryImpl<TestClass>);

    // Next, recurses (at compile time) with the tail of the type list.
    return TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel,
                                 typename Types::Tail>::Register(prefix,
                                                                 code_location,
                                                                 case_name,
                                                                 test_names,
                                                                 index + 1,
                                                                 type_names);
  }
};

// The base case for the compile time recursion.
template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, class TestSel>
class TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, internal::None> {
 public:
  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, const CodeLocation&,
                       const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/,
                       int /*index*/,
                       const std::vector<std::string>& =
                           std::vector<std::string>() /*type_names*/) {
    return true;
  }
};

GTEST_API_ void RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuite(const char* test_suite_name,
                                                   CodeLocation code_location);
GTEST_API_ void RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuiteInstantiation(
    const char* case_name);

// TypeParameterizedTestSuite<Fixture, Tests, Types>::Register()
// registers *all combinations* of 'Tests' and 'Types' with Google
// Test.  The return value is insignificant - we just need to return
// something such that we can call this function in a namespace scope.
template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, typename Tests, typename Types>
class TypeParameterizedTestSuite {
 public:
  static bool Register(const char* prefix, CodeLocation code_location,
                       const TypedTestSuitePState* state, const char* case_name,
                       const char* test_names,
                       const std::vector<std::string>& type_names =
                           GenerateNames<DefaultNameGenerator, Types>()) {
    RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuiteInstantiation(case_name);
    std::string test_name =
        StripTrailingSpaces(GetPrefixUntilComma(test_names));
    if (!state->TestExists(test_name)) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get code location for test %s.%s at %s.",
              case_name, test_name.c_str(),
              FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(), code_location.line)
                  .c_str());
      fflush(stderr);
      posix::Abort();
    }
    const CodeLocation& test_location = state->GetCodeLocation(test_name);

    typedef typename Tests::Head Head;

    // First, register the first test in 'Test' for each type in 'Types'.
    TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, Head, Types>::Register(
        prefix, test_location, case_name, test_names, 0, type_names);

    // Next, recurses (at compile time) with the tail of the test list.
    return TypeParameterizedTestSuite<Fixture, typename Tests::Tail,
                                      Types>::Register(prefix, code_location,
                                                       state, case_name,
                                                       SkipComma(test_names),
                                                       type_names);
  }
};

// The base case for the compile time recursion.
template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, typename Types>
class TypeParameterizedTestSuite<Fixture, internal::None, Types> {
 public:
  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, const CodeLocation&,
                       const TypedTestSuitePState* /*state*/,
                       const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/,
                       const std::vector<std::string>& =
                           std::vector<std::string>() /*type_names*/) {
    return true;
  }
};

// Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.
//
// The maximum number of stack frames to be included is specified by
// the gtest_stack_trace_depth flag.  The skip_count parameter
// specifies the number of top frames to be skipped, which doesn't
// count against the number of frames to be included.
//
// For example, if Foo() calls Bar(), which in turn calls
// GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(..., 1), Foo() will be included in
// the trace but Bar() and GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop() won't.
GTEST_API_ std::string GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(UnitTest* unit_test,
                                                       int skip_count);

// Helpers for suppressing warnings on unreachable code or constant
// condition.

// Always returns true.
GTEST_API_ bool AlwaysTrue();

// Always returns false.
inline bool AlwaysFalse() { return !AlwaysTrue(); }

// Helper for suppressing false warning from Clang on a const char*
// variable declared in a conditional expression always being NULL in
// the else branch.
struct GTEST_API_ ConstCharPtr {
  ConstCharPtr(const char* str) : value(str) {}
  operator bool() const { return true; }
  const char* value;
};

// Helper for declaring std::string within 'if' statement
// in pre C++17 build environment.
struct TrueWithString {
  TrueWithString() = default;
  explicit TrueWithString(const char* str) : value(str) {}
  explicit TrueWithString(const std::string& str) : value(str) {}
  explicit operator bool() const { return true; }
  std::string value;
};

// A simple Linear Congruential Generator for generating random
// numbers with a uniform distribution.  Unlike rand() and srand(), it
// doesn't use global state (and therefore can't interfere with user
// code).  Unlike rand_r(), it's portable.  An LCG isn't very random,
// but it's good enough for our purposes.
class GTEST_API_ Random {
 public:
  static const uint32_t kMaxRange = 1u << 31;

  explicit Random(uint32_t seed) : state_(seed) {}

  void Reseed(uint32_t seed) { state_ = seed; }

  // Generates a random number from [0, range).  Crashes if 'range' is
  // 0 or greater than kMaxRange.
  uint32_t Generate(uint32_t range);

 private:
  uint32_t state_;
  Random(const Random&) = delete;
  Random& operator=(const Random&) = delete;
};

// Turns const U&, U&, const U, and U all into U.
#define GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(T) \
  typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type

// HasDebugStringAndShortDebugString<T>::value is a compile-time bool constant
// that's true if and only if T has methods DebugString() and ShortDebugString()
// that return std::string.
template <typename T>
class HasDebugStringAndShortDebugString {
 private:
  template <typename C>
  static auto CheckDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
      std::string, decltype(std::declval<const C>().DebugString())>::type;
  template <typename>
  static std::false_type CheckDebugString(...);

  template <typename C>
  static auto CheckShortDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
      std::string, decltype(std::declval<const C>().ShortDebugString())>::type;
  template <typename>
  static std::false_type CheckShortDebugString(...);

  using HasDebugStringType = decltype(CheckDebugString<T>(nullptr));
  using HasShortDebugStringType = decltype(CheckShortDebugString<T>(nullptr));

 public:
  static constexpr bool value =
      HasDebugStringType::value && HasShortDebugStringType::value;
};

template <typename T>
constexpr bool HasDebugStringAndShortDebugString<T>::value;

// When the compiler sees expression IsContainerTest<C>(0), if C is an
// STL-style container class, the first overload of IsContainerTest
// will be viable (since both C::iterator* and C::const_iterator* are
// valid types and NULL can be implicitly converted to them).  It will
// be picked over the second overload as 'int' is a perfect match for
// the type of argument 0.  If C::iterator or C::const_iterator is not
// a valid type, the first overload is not viable, and the second
// overload will be picked.  Therefore, we can determine whether C is
// a container class by checking the type of IsContainerTest<C>(0).
// The value of the expression is insignificant.
//
// In C++11 mode we check the existence of a const_iterator and that an
// iterator is properly implemented for the container.
//
// For pre-C++11 that we look for both C::iterator and C::const_iterator.
// The reason is that C++ injects the name of a class as a member of the
// class itself (e.g. you can refer to class iterator as either
// 'iterator' or 'iterator::iterator').  If we look for C::iterator
// only, for example, we would mistakenly think that a class named
// iterator is an STL container.
//
// Also note that the simpler approach of overloading
// IsContainerTest(typename C::const_iterator*) and
// IsContainerTest(...) doesn't work with Visual Age C++ and Sun C++.
typedef int IsContainer;
template <class C,
          class Iterator = decltype(::std::declval<const C&>().begin()),
          class = decltype(::std::declval<const C&>().end()),
          class = decltype(++::std::declval<Iterator&>()),
          class = decltype(*::std::declval<Iterator>()),
          class = typename C::const_iterator>
IsContainer IsContainerTest(int /* dummy */) {
  return 0;
}

typedef char IsNotContainer;
template <class C>
IsNotContainer IsContainerTest(long /* dummy */) {
  return '\0';
}

// Trait to detect whether a type T is a hash table.
// The heuristic used is that the type contains an inner type `hasher` and does
// not contain an inner type `reverse_iterator`.
// If the container is iterable in reverse, then order might actually matter.
template <typename T>
struct IsHashTable {
 private:
  template <typename U>
  static char test(typename U::hasher*, typename U::reverse_iterator*);
  template <typename U>
  static int test(typename U::hasher*, ...);
  template <typename U>
  static char test(...);

 public:
  static const bool value = sizeof(test<T>(nullptr, nullptr)) == sizeof(int);
};

template <typename T>
const bool IsHashTable<T>::value;

template <typename C,
          bool = sizeof(IsContainerTest<C>(0)) == sizeof(IsContainer)>
struct IsRecursiveContainerImpl;

template <typename C>
struct IsRecursiveContainerImpl<C, false> : public std::false_type {};

// Since the IsRecursiveContainerImpl depends on the IsContainerTest we need to
// obey the same inconsistencies as the IsContainerTest, namely check if
// something is a container is relying on only const_iterator in C++11 and
// is relying on both const_iterator and iterator otherwise
template <typename C>
struct IsRecursiveContainerImpl<C, true> {
  using value_type = decltype(*std::declval<typename C::const_iterator>());
  using type =
      std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<
                       typename std::remove_reference<value_type>::type>::type,
                   C>;
};

// IsRecursiveContainer<Type> is a unary compile-time predicate that
// evaluates whether C is a recursive container type. A recursive container
// type is a container type whose value_type is equal to the container type
// itself. An example for a recursive container type is
// boost::filesystem::path, whose iterator has a value_type that is equal to
// boost::filesystem::path.
template <typename C>
struct IsRecursiveContainer : public IsRecursiveContainerImpl<C>::type {};

// Utilities for native arrays.

// ArrayEq() compares two k-dimensional native arrays using the
// elements' operator==, where k can be any integer >= 0.  When k is
// 0, ArrayEq() degenerates into comparing a single pair of values.

template <typename T, typename U>
bool ArrayEq(const T* lhs, size_t size, const U* rhs);

// This generic version is used when k is 0.
template <typename T, typename U>
inline bool ArrayEq(const T& lhs, const U& rhs) {
  return lhs == rhs;
}

// This overload is used when k >= 1.
template <typename T, typename U, size_t N>
inline bool ArrayEq(const T (&lhs)[N], const U (&rhs)[N]) {
  return internal::ArrayEq(lhs, N, rhs);
}

// This helper reduces code bloat.  If we instead put its logic inside
// the previous ArrayEq() function, arrays with different sizes would
// lead to different copies of the template code.
template <typename T, typename U>
bool ArrayEq(const T* lhs, size_t size, const U* rhs) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i != size; i++) {
    if (!internal::ArrayEq(lhs[i], rhs[i])) return false;
  }
  return true;
}

// Finds the first element in the iterator range [begin, end) that
// equals elem.  Element may be a native array type itself.
template <typename Iter, typename Element>
Iter ArrayAwareFind(Iter begin, Iter end, const Element& elem) {
  for (Iter it = begin; it != end; ++it) {
    if (internal::ArrayEq(*it, elem)) return it;
  }
  return end;
}

// CopyArray() copies a k-dimensional native array using the elements'
// operator=, where k can be any integer >= 0.  When k is 0,
// CopyArray() degenerates into copying a single value.

template <typename T, typename U>
void CopyArray(const T* from, size_t size, U* to);

// This generic version is used when k is 0.
template <typename T, typename U>
inline void CopyArray(const T& from, U* to) {
  *to = from;
}

// This overload is used when k >= 1.
template <typename T, typename U, size_t N>
inline void CopyArray(const T (&from)[N], U (*to)[N]) {
  internal::CopyArray(from, N, *to);
}

// This helper reduces code bloat.  If we instead put its logic inside
// the previous CopyArray() function, arrays with different sizes
// would lead to different copies of the template code.
template <typename T, typename U>
void CopyArray(const T* from, size_t size, U* to) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i != size; i++) {
    internal::CopyArray(from[i], to + i);
  }
}

// The relation between an NativeArray object (see below) and the
// native array it represents.
// We use 2 different structs to allow non-copyable types to be used, as long
// as RelationToSourceReference() is passed.
struct RelationToSourceReference {};
struct RelationToSourceCopy {};

// Adapts a native array to a read-only STL-style container.  Instead
// of the complete STL container concept, this adaptor only implements
// members useful for Google Mock's container matchers.  New members
// should be added as needed.  To simplify the implementation, we only
// support Element being a raw type (i.e. having no top-level const or
// reference modifier).  It's the client's responsibility to satisfy
// this requirement.  Element can be an array type itself (hence
// multi-dimensional arrays are supported).
template <typename Element>
class NativeArray {
 public:
  // STL-style container typedefs.
  typedef Element value_type;
  typedef Element* iterator;
  typedef const Element* const_iterator;

  // Constructs from a native array. References the source.
  NativeArray(const Element* array, size_t count, RelationToSourceReference) {
    InitRef(array, count);
  }

  // Constructs from a native array. Copies the source.
  NativeArray(const Element* array, size_t count, RelationToSourceCopy) {
    InitCopy(array, count);
  }

  // Copy constructor.
  NativeArray(const NativeArray& rhs) {
    (this->*rhs.clone_)(rhs.array_, rhs.size_);
  }

  ~NativeArray() {
    if (clone_ != &NativeArray::InitRef) delete[] array_;
  }

  // STL-style container methods.
  size_t size() const { return size_; }
  const_iterator begin() const { return array_; }
  const_iterator end() const { return array_ + size_; }
  bool operator==(const NativeArray& rhs) const {
    return size() == rhs.size() && ArrayEq(begin(), size(), rhs.begin());
  }

 private:
  static_assert(!std::is_const<Element>::value, "Type must not be const");
  static_assert(!std::is_reference<Element>::value,
                "Type must not be a reference");

  // Initializes this object with a copy of the input.
  void InitCopy(const Element* array, size_t a_size) {
    Element* const copy = new Element[a_size];
    CopyArray(array, a_size, copy);
    array_ = copy;
    size_ = a_size;
    clone_ = &NativeArray::InitCopy;
  }

  // Initializes this object with a reference of the input.
  void InitRef(const Element* array, size_t a_size) {
    array_ = array;
    size_ = a_size;
    clone_ = &NativeArray::InitRef;
  }

  const Element* array_;
  size_t size_;
  void (NativeArray::*clone_)(const Element*, size_t);
};

// Backport of std::index_sequence.
template <size_t... Is>
struct IndexSequence {
  using type = IndexSequence;
};

// Double the IndexSequence, and one if plus_one is true.
template <bool plus_one, typename T, size_t sizeofT>
struct DoubleSequence;
template <size_t... I, size_t sizeofT>
struct DoubleSequence<true, IndexSequence<I...>, sizeofT> {
  using type = IndexSequence<I..., (sizeofT + I)..., 2 * sizeofT>;
};
template <size_t... I, size_t sizeofT>
struct DoubleSequence<false, IndexSequence<I...>, sizeofT> {
  using type = IndexSequence<I..., (sizeofT + I)...>;
};

// Backport of std::make_index_sequence.
// It uses O(ln(N)) instantiation depth.
template <size_t N>
struct MakeIndexSequenceImpl
    : DoubleSequence<N % 2 == 1, typename MakeIndexSequenceImpl<N / 2>::type,
                     N / 2>::type {};

template <>
struct MakeIndexSequenceImpl<0> : IndexSequence<> {};

template <size_t N>
using MakeIndexSequence = typename MakeIndexSequenceImpl<N>::type;

template <typename... T>
using IndexSequenceFor = typename MakeIndexSequence<sizeof...(T)>::type;

template <size_t>
struct Ignore {
  Ignore(...);  // NOLINT
};

template <typename>
struct ElemFromListImpl;
template <size_t... I>
struct ElemFromListImpl<IndexSequence<I...>> {
  // We make Ignore a template to solve a problem with MSVC.
  // A non-template Ignore would work fine with `decltype(Ignore(I))...`, but
  // MSVC doesn't understand how to deal with that pack expansion.
  // Use `0 * I` to have a single instantiation of Ignore.
  template <typename R>
  static R Apply(Ignore<0 * I>..., R (*)(), ...);
};

template <size_t N, typename... T>
struct ElemFromList {
  using type =
      decltype(ElemFromListImpl<typename MakeIndexSequence<N>::type>::Apply(
          static_cast<T (*)()>(nullptr)...));
};

struct FlatTupleConstructTag {};

template <typename... T>
class FlatTuple;

template <typename Derived, size_t I>
struct FlatTupleElemBase;

template <typename... T, size_t I>
struct FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, I> {
  using value_type = typename ElemFromList<I, T...>::type;
  FlatTupleElemBase() = default;
  template <typename Arg>
  explicit FlatTupleElemBase(FlatTupleConstructTag, Arg&& t)
      : value(std::forward<Arg>(t)) {}
  value_type value;
};

template <typename Derived, typename Idx>
struct FlatTupleBase;

template <size_t... Idx, typename... T>
struct FlatTupleBase<FlatTuple<T...>, IndexSequence<Idx...>>
    : FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, Idx>... {
  using Indices = IndexSequence<Idx...>;
  FlatTupleBase() = default;
  template <typename... Args>
  explicit FlatTupleBase(FlatTupleConstructTag, Args&&... args)
      : FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, Idx>(FlatTupleConstructTag{},
                                                std::forward<Args>(args))... {}

  template <size_t I>
  const typename ElemFromList<I, T...>::type& Get() const {
    return FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, I>::value;
  }

  template <size_t I>
  typename ElemFromList<I, T...>::type& Get() {
    return FlatTupleElemBase<FlatTuple<T...>, I>::value;
  }

  template <typename F>
  auto Apply(F&& f) -> decltype(std::forward<F>(f)(this->Get<Idx>()...)) {
    return std::forward<F>(f)(Get<Idx>()...);
  }

  template <typename F>
  auto Apply(F&& f) const -> decltype(std::forward<F>(f)(this->Get<Idx>()...)) {
    return std::forward<F>(f)(Get<Idx>()...);
  }
};

// Analog to std::tuple but with different tradeoffs.
// This class minimizes the template instantiation depth, thus allowing more
// elements than std::tuple would. std::tuple has been seen to require an
// instantiation depth of more than 10x the number of elements in some
// implementations.
// FlatTuple and ElemFromList are not recursive and have a fixed depth
// regardless of T...
// MakeIndexSequence, on the other hand, it is recursive but with an
// instantiation depth of O(ln(N)).
template <typename... T>
class FlatTuple
    : private FlatTupleBase<FlatTuple<T...>,
                            typename MakeIndexSequence<sizeof...(T)>::type> {
  using Indices = typename FlatTupleBase<
      FlatTuple<T...>, typename MakeIndexSequence<sizeof...(T)>::type>::Indices;

 public:
  FlatTuple() = default;
  template <typename... Args>
  explicit FlatTuple(FlatTupleConstructTag tag, Args&&... args)
      : FlatTuple::FlatTupleBase(tag, std::forward<Args>(args)...) {}

  using FlatTuple::FlatTupleBase::Apply;
  using FlatTuple::FlatTupleBase::Get;
};

// Utility functions to be called with static_assert to induce deprecation
// warnings.
GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(
    "INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
    "INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P")
constexpr bool InstantiateTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() { return true; }

GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(
    "TYPED_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
    "TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P")
constexpr bool TypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() { return true; }

GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(
    "TYPED_TEST_CASE is deprecated, please use "
    "TYPED_TEST_SUITE")
constexpr bool TypedTestCaseIsDeprecated() { return true; }

GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(
    "REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
    "REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P")
constexpr bool RegisterTypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() { return true; }

GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(
    "INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P is deprecated, please use "
    "INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P")
constexpr bool InstantiateTypedTestCase_P_IsDeprecated() { return true; }

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

namespace std {
// Some standard library implementations use `struct tuple_size` and some use
// `class tuple_size`. Clang warns about the mismatch.
// https://reviews.llvm.org/D55466
#ifdef __clang__
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmismatched-tags"
#endif
template <typename... Ts>
struct tuple_size<testing::internal::FlatTuple<Ts...>>
    : std::integral_constant<size_t, sizeof...(Ts)> {};
#ifdef __clang__
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#endif
}  // namespace std

#define GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(file, line, message, result_type)             \
  ::testing::internal::AssertHelper(result_type, file, line, message) = \
      ::testing::Message()

#define GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, result_type) \
  GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(__FILE__, __LINE__, message, result_type)

#define GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_(message) \
  return GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure)

#define GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_(message) \
  GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure)

#define GTEST_SUCCESS_(message) \
  GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kSuccess)

#define GTEST_SKIP_(message) \
  return GTEST_MESSAGE_(message, ::testing::TestPartResult::kSkip)

// Suppress MSVC warning 4072 (unreachable code) for the code following
// statement if it returns or throws (or doesn't return or throw in some
// situations).
// NOTE: The "else" is important to keep this expansion to prevent a top-level
// "else" from attaching to our "if".
#define GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement) \
  if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                        \
    statement;                                                    \
  } else                     /* NOLINT */                         \
    static_assert(true, "")  // User must have a semicolon after expansion.

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

class NeverThrown {
 public:
  const char* what() const noexcept {
    return "this exception should never be thrown";
  }
};

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI

#define GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e) ::testing::internal::GetTypeName(typeid(e))

#else  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI

#define GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e) \
  std::string { "an std::exception-derived error" }

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI

#define GTEST_TEST_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_(statement, expected_exception)   \
  catch (typename std::conditional<                                            \
         std::is_same<typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<  \
                          expected_exception>::type>::type,                    \
                      std::exception>::value,                                  \
         const ::testing::internal::NeverThrown&, const std::exception&>::type \
             e) {                                                              \
    gtest_msg.value = "Expected: " #statement                                  \
                      " throws an exception of type " #expected_exception      \
                      ".\n  Actual: it throws ";                               \
    gtest_msg.value += GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e);                               \
    gtest_msg.value += " with description \"";                                 \
    gtest_msg.value += e.what();                                               \
    gtest_msg.value += "\".";                                                  \
    goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__);                \
  }

#else  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

#define GTEST_TEST_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_(statement, expected_exception)

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

#define GTEST_TEST_THROW_(statement, expected_exception, fail)              \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                             \
  if (::testing::internal::TrueWithString gtest_msg{}) {                    \
    bool gtest_caught_expected = false;                                     \
    try {                                                                   \
      GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);            \
    } catch (expected_exception const&) {                                   \
      gtest_caught_expected = true;                                         \
    }                                                                       \
    GTEST_TEST_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_(statement, expected_exception)    \
    catch (...) {                                                           \
      gtest_msg.value = "Expected: " #statement                             \
                        " throws an exception of type " #expected_exception \
                        ".\n  Actual: it throws a different type.";         \
      goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__);           \
    }                                                                       \
    if (!gtest_caught_expected) {                                           \
      gtest_msg.value = "Expected: " #statement                             \
                        " throws an exception of type " #expected_exception \
                        ".\n  Actual: it throws nothing.";                  \
      goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__);           \
    }                                                                       \
  } else /*NOLINT*/                                                         \
    GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testthrow_, __LINE__)                   \
        : fail(gtest_msg.value.c_str())

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

#define GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_()                \
  catch (std::exception const& e) {                               \
    gtest_msg.value = "it throws ";                               \
    gtest_msg.value += GTEST_EXCEPTION_TYPE_(e);                  \
    gtest_msg.value += " with description \"";                    \
    gtest_msg.value += e.what();                                  \
    gtest_msg.value += "\".";                                     \
    goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnothrow_, __LINE__); \
  }

#else  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

#define GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_()

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

#define GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_(statement, fail)                            \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                          \
  if (::testing::internal::TrueWithString gtest_msg{}) {                 \
    try {                                                                \
      GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);         \
    }                                                                    \
    GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_CATCH_STD_EXCEPTION_()                           \
    catch (...) {                                                        \
      gtest_msg.value = "it throws.";                                    \
      goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnothrow_, __LINE__);      \
    }                                                                    \
  } else                                                                 \
    GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnothrow_, __LINE__)              \
        : fail(("Expected: " #statement " doesn't throw an exception.\n" \
                "  Actual: " +                                           \
                gtest_msg.value)                                         \
                   .c_str())

#define GTEST_TEST_ANY_THROW_(statement, fail)                       \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                      \
  if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                           \
    bool gtest_caught_any = false;                                   \
    try {                                                            \
      GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);     \
    } catch (...) {                                                  \
      gtest_caught_any = true;                                       \
    }                                                                \
    if (!gtest_caught_any) {                                         \
      goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testanythrow_, __LINE__); \
    }                                                                \
  } else                                                             \
    GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testanythrow_, __LINE__)         \
        : fail("Expected: " #statement                               \
               " throws an exception.\n"                             \
               "  Actual: it doesn't.")

// Implements Boolean test assertions such as EXPECT_TRUE. expression can be
// either a boolean expression or an AssertionResult. text is a textual
// representation of expression as it was passed into the EXPECT_TRUE.
#define GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(expression, text, actual, expected, fail) \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                       \
  if (const ::testing::AssertionResult gtest_ar_ =                    \
          ::testing::AssertionResult(expression))                     \
    ;                                                                 \
  else                                                                \
    fail(::testing::internal::GetBoolAssertionFailureMessage(         \
             gtest_ar_, text, #actual, #expected)                     \
             .c_str())

#define GTEST_TEST_NO_FATAL_FAILURE_(statement, fail)                          \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_                                                \
  if (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {                                     \
    ::testing::internal::HasNewFatalFailureHelper gtest_fatal_failure_checker; \
    GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_(statement);                 \
    if (gtest_fatal_failure_checker.has_new_fatal_failure()) {                 \
      goto GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnofatal_, __LINE__);            \
    }                                                                          \
  } else                                                                       \
    GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_label_testnofatal_, __LINE__)                    \
        : fail("Expected: " #statement                                         \
               " doesn't generate new fatal "                                  \
               "failures in the current thread.\n"                             \
               "  Actual: it does.")

// Expands to the name of the class that implements the given test.
#define GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) \
  test_suite_name##_##test_name##_Test

// Helper macro for defining tests.
#define GTEST_TEST_(test_suite_name, test_name, parent_class, parent_id)       \
  static_assert(sizeof(GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_suite_name)) > 1,                 \
                "test_suite_name must not be empty");                          \
  static_assert(sizeof(GTEST_STRINGIFY_(test_name)) > 1,                       \
                "test_name must not be empty");                                \
  class GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                     \
      : public parent_class {                                                  \
   public:                                                                     \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)() = default;            \
    ~GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)() override = default;  \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                         \
    (const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) &) = delete;     \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) & operator=(            \
        const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,                          \
                                     test_name) &) = delete; /* NOLINT */      \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)                         \
    (GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) &&) noexcept = delete; \
    GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name) & operator=(            \
        GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,                                \
                               test_name) &&) noexcept = delete; /* NOLINT */  \
                                                                               \
   private:                                                                    \
    void TestBody() override;                                                  \
    static ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;      \
  };                                                                           \
                                                                               \
  ::testing::TestInfo* const GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name,           \
                                                    test_name)::test_info_ =   \
      ::testing::internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(                            \
          #test_suite_name, #test_name, nullptr, nullptr,                      \
          ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__), (parent_id),  \
          ::testing::internal::SuiteApiResolver<                               \
              parent_class>::GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(__FILE__, __LINE__),          \
          ::testing::internal::SuiteApiResolver<                               \
              parent_class>::GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(__FILE__, __LINE__),       \
          new ::testing::internal::TestFactoryImpl<GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(     \
              test_suite_name, test_name)>);                                   \
  void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)::TestBody()

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
================================================
// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.
// All Rights Reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Type and function utilities for implementing parameterized tests.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_

#include <ctype.h>

#include <cassert>
#include <iterator>
#include <memory>
#include <set>
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-test-part.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

namespace testing {
// Input to a parameterized test name generator, describing a test parameter.
// Consists of the parameter value and the integer parameter index.
template <class ParamType>
struct TestParamInfo {
  TestParamInfo(const ParamType& a_param, size_t an_index)
      : param(a_param), index(an_index) {}
  ParamType param;
  size_t index;
};

// A builtin parameterized test name generator which returns the result of
// testing::PrintToString.
struct PrintToStringParamName {
  template <class ParamType>
  std::string operator()(const TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) const {
    return PrintToString(info.param);
  }
};

namespace internal {

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
// Utility Functions

// Outputs a message explaining invalid registration of different
// fixture class for the same test suite. This may happen when
// TEST_P macro is used to define two tests with the same name
// but in different namespaces.
GTEST_API_ void ReportInvalidTestSuiteType(const char* test_suite_name,
                                           CodeLocation code_location);

template <typename>
class ParamGeneratorInterface;
template <typename>
class ParamGenerator;

// Interface for iterating over elements provided by an implementation
// of ParamGeneratorInterface<T>.
template <typename T>
class ParamIteratorInterface {
 public:
  virtual ~ParamIteratorInterface() {}
  // A pointer to the base generator instance.
  // Used only for the purposes of iterator comparison
  // to make sure that two iterators belong to the same generator.
  virtual const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* BaseGenerator() const = 0;
  // Advances iterator to point to the next element
  // provided by the generator. The caller is responsible
  // for not calling Advance() on an iterator equal to
  // BaseGenerator()->End().
  virtual void Advance() = 0;
  // Clones the iterator object. Used for implementing copy semantics
  // of ParamIterator<T>.
  virtual ParamIteratorInterface* Clone() const = 0;
  // Dereferences the current iterator and provides (read-only) access
  // to the pointed value. It is the caller's responsibility not to call
  // Current() on an iterator equal to BaseGenerator()->End().
  // Used for implementing ParamGenerator<T>::operator*().
  virtual const T* Current() const = 0;
  // Determines whether the given iterator and other point to the same
  // element in the sequence generated by the generator.
  // Used for implementing ParamGenerator<T>::operator==().
  virtual bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface& other) const = 0;
};

// Class iterating over elements provided by an implementation of
// ParamGeneratorInterface<T>. It wraps ParamIteratorInterface<T>
// and implements the const forward iterator concept.
template <typename T>
class ParamIterator {
 public:
  typedef T value_type;
  typedef const T& reference;
  typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;

  // ParamIterator assumes ownership of the impl_ pointer.
  ParamIterator(const ParamIterator& other) : impl_(other.impl_->Clone()) {}
  ParamIterator& operator=(const ParamIterator& other) {
    if (this != &other) impl_.reset(other.impl_->Clone());
    return *this;
  }

  const T& operator*() const { return *impl_->Current(); }
  const T* operator->() const { return impl_->Current(); }
  // Prefix version of operator++.
  ParamIterator& operator++() {
    impl_->Advance();
    return *this;
  }
  // Postfix version of operator++.
  ParamIterator operator++(int /*unused*/) {
    ParamIteratorInterface<T>* clone = impl_->Clone();
    impl_->Advance();
    return ParamIterator(clone);
  }
  bool operator==(const ParamIterator& other) const {
    return impl_.get() == other.impl_.get() || impl_->Equals(*other.impl_);
  }
  bool operator!=(const ParamIterator& other) const {
    return !(*this == other);
  }

 private:
  friend class ParamGenerator<T>;
  explicit ParamIterator(ParamIteratorInterface<T>* impl) : impl_(impl) {}
  std::unique_ptr<ParamIteratorInterface<T>> impl_;
};

// ParamGeneratorInterface<T> is the binary interface to access generators
// defined in other translation units.
template <typename T>
class ParamGeneratorInterface {
 public:
  typedef T ParamType;

  virtual ~ParamGeneratorInterface() {}

  // Generator interface definition
  virtual ParamIteratorInterface<T>* Begin() const = 0;
  virtual ParamIteratorInterface<T>* End() const = 0;
};

// Wraps ParamGeneratorInterface<T> and provides general generator syntax
// compatible with the STL Container concept.
// This class implements copy initialization semantics and the contained
// ParamGeneratorInterface<T> instance is shared among all copies
// of the original object. This is possible because that instance is immutable.
template <typename T>
class ParamGenerator {
 public:
  typedef ParamIterator<T> iterator;

  explicit ParamGenerator(ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* impl) : impl_(impl) {}
  ParamGenerator(const ParamGenerator& other) : impl_(other.impl_) {}

  ParamGenerator& operator=(const ParamGenerator& other) {
    impl_ = other.impl_;
    return *this;
  }

  iterator begin() const { return iterator(impl_->Begin()); }
  iterator end() const { return iterator(impl_->End()); }

 private:
  std::shared_ptr<const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>> impl_;
};

// Generates values from a range of two comparable values. Can be used to
// generate sequences of user-defined types that implement operator+() and
// operator<().
// This class is used in the Range() function.
template <typename T, typename IncrementT>
class RangeGenerator : public ParamGeneratorInterface<T> {
 public:
  RangeGenerator(T begin, T end, IncrementT step)
      : begin_(begin),
        end_(end),
        step_(step),
        end_index_(CalculateEndIndex(begin, end, step)) {}
  ~RangeGenerator() override {}

  ParamIteratorInterface<T>* Begin() const override {
    return new Iterator(this, begin_, 0, step_);
  }
  ParamIteratorInterface<T>* End() const override {
    return new Iterator(this, end_, end_index_, step_);
  }

 private:
  class Iterator : public ParamIteratorInterface<T> {
   public:
    Iterator(const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* base, T value, int index,
             IncrementT step)
        : base_(base), value_(value), index_(index), step_(step) {}
    ~Iterator() override {}

    const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* BaseGenerator() const override {
      return base_;
    }
    void Advance() override {
      value_ = static_cast<T>(value_ + step_);
      index_++;
    }
    ParamIteratorInterface<T>* Clone() const override {
      return new Iterator(*this);
    }
    const T* Current() const override { return &value_; }
    bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<T>& other) const override {
      // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
      // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
      GTEST_CHECK_(BaseGenerator() == other.BaseGenerator())
          << "The program attempted to compare iterators "
          << "from different generators." << std::endl;
      const int other_index =
          CheckedDowncastToActualType<const Iterator>(&other)->index_;
      return index_ == other_index;
    }

   private:
    Iterator(const Iterator& other)
        : ParamIteratorInterface<T>(),
          base_(other.base_),
          value_(other.value_),
          index_(other.index_),
          step_(other.step_) {}

    // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
    void operator=(const Iterator& other);

    const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* const base_;
    T value_;
    int index_;
    const IncrementT step_;
  };  // class RangeGenerator::Iterator

  static int CalculateEndIndex(const T& begin, const T& end,
                               const IncrementT& step) {
    int end_index = 0;
    for (T i = begin; i < end; i = static_cast<T>(i + step)) end_index++;
    return end_index;
  }

  // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
  void operator=(const RangeGenerator& other);

  const T begin_;
  const T end_;
  const IncrementT step_;
  // The index for the end() iterator. All the elements in the generated
  // sequence are indexed (0-based) to aid iterator comparison.
  const int end_index_;
};  // class RangeGenerator

// Generates values from a pair of STL-style iterators. Used in the
// ValuesIn() function. The elements are copied from the source range
// since the source can be located on the stack, and the generator
// is likely to persist beyond that stack frame.
template <typename T>
class ValuesInIteratorRangeGenerator : public ParamGeneratorInterface<T> {
 public:
  template <typename ForwardIterator>
  ValuesInIteratorRangeGenerator(ForwardIterator begin, ForwardIterator end)
      : container_(begin, end) {}
  ~ValuesInIteratorRangeGenerator() override {}

  ParamIteratorInterface<T>* Begin() const override {
    return new Iterator(this, container_.begin());
  }
  ParamIteratorInterface<T>* End() const override {
    return new Iterator(this, container_.end());
  }

 private:
  typedef typename ::std::vector<T> ContainerType;

  class Iterator : public ParamIteratorInterface<T> {
   public:
    Iterator(const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* base,
             typename ContainerType::const_iterator iterator)
        : base_(base), iterator_(iterator) {}
    ~Iterator() override {}

    const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* BaseGenerator() const override {
      return base_;
    }
    void Advance() override {
      ++iterator_;
      value_.reset();
    }
    ParamIteratorInterface<T>* Clone() const override {
      return new Iterator(*this);
    }
    // We need to use cached value referenced by iterator_ because *iterator_
    // can return a temporary object (and of type other then T), so just
    // having "return &*iterator_;" doesn't work.
    // value_ is updated here and not in Advance() because Advance()
    // can advance iterator_ beyond the end of the range, and we cannot
    // detect that fact. The client code, on the other hand, is
    // responsible for not calling Current() on an out-of-range iterator.
    const T* Current() const override {
      if (value_.get() == nullptr) value_.reset(new T(*iterator_));
      return value_.get();
    }
    bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<T>& other) const override {
      // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
      // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
      GTEST_CHECK_(BaseGenerator() == other.BaseGenerator())
          << "The program attempted to compare iterators "
          << "from different generators." << std::endl;
      return iterator_ ==
             CheckedDowncastToActualType<const Iterator>(&other)->iterator_;
    }

   private:
    Iterator(const Iterator& other)
        // The explicit constructor call suppresses a false warning
        // emitted by gcc when supplied with the -Wextra option.
        : ParamIteratorInterface<T>(),
          base_(other.base_),
          iterator_(other.iterator_) {}

    const ParamGeneratorInterface<T>* const base_;
    typename ContainerType::const_iterator iterator_;
    // A cached value of *iterator_. We keep it here to allow access by
    // pointer in the wrapping iterator's operator->().
    // value_ needs to be mutable to be accessed in Current().
    // Use of std::unique_ptr helps manage cached value's lifetime,
    // which is bound by the lifespan of the iterator itself.
    mutable std::unique_ptr<const T> value_;
  };  // class ValuesInIteratorRangeGenerator::Iterator

  // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
  void operator=(const ValuesInIteratorRangeGenerator& other);

  const ContainerType container_;
};  // class ValuesInIteratorRangeGenerator

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// Default parameterized test name generator, returns a string containing the
// integer test parameter index.
template <class ParamType>
std::string DefaultParamName(const TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) {
  Message name_stream;
  name_stream << info.index;
  return name_stream.GetString();
}

template <typename T = int>
void TestNotEmpty() {
  static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0, "Empty arguments are not allowed.");
}
template <typename T = int>
void TestNotEmpty(const T&) {}

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// Stores a parameter value and later creates tests parameterized with that
// value.
template <class TestClass>
class ParameterizedTestFactory : public TestFactoryBase {
 public:
  typedef typename TestClass::ParamType ParamType;
  explicit ParameterizedTestFactory(ParamType parameter)
      : parameter_(parameter) {}
  Test* CreateTest() override {
    TestClass::SetParam(&parameter_);
    return new TestClass();
  }

 private:
  const ParamType parameter_;

  ParameterizedTestFactory(const ParameterizedTestFactory&) = delete;
  ParameterizedTestFactory& operator=(const ParameterizedTestFactory&) = delete;
};

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// TestMetaFactoryBase is a base class for meta-factories that create
// test factories for passing into MakeAndRegisterTestInfo function.
template <class ParamType>
class TestMetaFactoryBase {
 public:
  virtual ~TestMetaFactoryBase() {}

  virtual TestFactoryBase* CreateTestFactory(ParamType parameter) = 0;
};

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// TestMetaFactory creates test factories for passing into
// MakeAndRegisterTestInfo function. Since MakeAndRegisterTestInfo receives
// ownership of test factory pointer, same factory object cannot be passed
// into that method twice. But ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo is going to call
// it for each Test/Parameter value combination. Thus it needs meta factory
// creator class.
template <class TestSuite>
class TestMetaFactory
    : public TestMetaFactoryBase<typename TestSuite::ParamType> {
 public:
  using ParamType = typename TestSuite::ParamType;

  TestMetaFactory() {}

  TestFactoryBase* CreateTestFactory(ParamType parameter) override {
    return new ParameterizedTestFactory<TestSuite>(parameter);
  }

 private:
  TestMetaFactory(const TestMetaFactory&) = delete;
  TestMetaFactory& operator=(const TestMetaFactory&) = delete;
};

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase is a generic interface
// to ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo classes. ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase
// accumulates test information provided by TEST_P macro invocations
// and generators provided by INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P macro invocations
// and uses that information to register all resulting test instances
// in RegisterTests method. The ParameterizeTestSuiteRegistry class holds
// a collection of pointers to the ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo objects
// and calls RegisterTests() on each of them when asked.
class ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase {
 public:
  virtual ~ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase() {}

  // Base part of test suite name for display purposes.
  virtual const std::string& GetTestSuiteName() const = 0;
  // Test suite id to verify identity.
  virtual TypeId GetTestSuiteTypeId() const = 0;
  // UnitTest class invokes this method to register tests in this
  // test suite right before running them in RUN_ALL_TESTS macro.
  // This method should not be called more than once on any single
  // instance of a ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase derived class.
  virtual void RegisterTests() = 0;

 protected:
  ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase() {}

 private:
  ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase(const ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase&) =
      delete;
  ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase& operator=(
      const ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase&) = delete;
};

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// Report a the name of a test_suit as safe to ignore
// as the side effect of construction of this type.
struct GTEST_API_ MarkAsIgnored {
  explicit MarkAsIgnored(const char* test_suite);
};

GTEST_API_ void InsertSyntheticTestCase(const std::string& name,
                                        CodeLocation location, bool has_test_p);

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo accumulates tests obtained from TEST_P
// macro invocations for a particular test suite and generators
// obtained from INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P macro invocations for that
// test suite. It registers tests with all values generated by all
// generators when asked.
template <class TestSuite>
class ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo : public ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase {
 public:
  // ParamType and GeneratorCreationFunc are private types but are required
  // for declarations of public methods AddTestPattern() and
  // AddTestSuiteInstantiation().
  using ParamType = typename TestSuite::ParamType;
  // A function that returns an instance of appropriate generator type.
  typedef ParamGenerator<ParamType>(GeneratorCreationFunc)();
  using ParamNameGeneratorFunc = std::string(const TestParamInfo<ParamType>&);

  explicit ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo(const char* name,
                                      CodeLocation code_location)
      : test_suite_name_(name), code_location_(code_location) {}

  // Test suite base name for display purposes.
  const std::string& GetTestSuiteName() const override {
    return test_suite_name_;
  }
  // Test suite id to verify identity.
  TypeId GetTestSuiteTypeId() const override { return GetTypeId<TestSuite>(); }
  // TEST_P macro uses AddTestPattern() to record information
  // about a single test in a LocalTestInfo structure.
  // test_suite_name is the base name of the test suite (without invocation
  // prefix). test_base_name is the name of an individual test without
  // parameter index. For the test SequenceA/FooTest.DoBar/1 FooTest is
  // test suite base name and DoBar is test base name.
  void AddTestPattern(const char* test_suite_name, const char* test_base_name,
                      TestMetaFactoryBase<ParamType>* meta_factory,
                      CodeLocation code_location) {
    tests_.push_back(std::shared_ptr<TestInfo>(new TestInfo(
        test_suite_name, test_base_name, meta_factory, code_location)));
  }
  // INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P macro uses AddGenerator() to record information
  // about a generator.
  int AddTestSuiteInstantiation(const std::string& instantiation_name,
                                GeneratorCreationFunc* func,
                                ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func,
                                const char* file, int line) {
    instantiations_.push_back(
        InstantiationInfo(instantiation_name, func, name_func, file, line));
    return 0;  // Return value used only to run this method in namespace scope.
  }
  // UnitTest class invokes this method to register tests in this test suite
  // right before running tests in RUN_ALL_TESTS macro.
  // This method should not be called more than once on any single
  // instance of a ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase derived class.
  // UnitTest has a guard to prevent from calling this method more than once.
  void RegisterTests() override {
    bool generated_instantiations = false;

    for (typename TestInfoContainer::iterator test_it = tests_.begin();
         test_it != tests_.end(); ++test_it) {
      std::shared_ptr<TestInfo> test_info = *test_it;
      for (typename InstantiationContainer::iterator gen_it =
               instantiations_.begin();
           gen_it != instantiations_.end(); ++gen_it) {
        const std::string& instantiation_name = gen_it->name;
        ParamGenerator<ParamType> generator((*gen_it->generator)());
        ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func = gen_it->name_func;
        const char* file = gen_it->file;
        int line = gen_it->line;

        std::string test_suite_name;
        if (!instantiation_name.empty())
          test_suite_name = instantiation_name + "/";
        test_suite_name += test_info->test_suite_base_name;

        size_t i = 0;
        std::set<std::string> test_param_names;
        for (typename ParamGenerator<ParamType>::iterator param_it =
                 generator.begin();
             param_it != generator.end(); ++param_it, ++i) {
          generated_instantiations = true;

          Message test_name_stream;

          std::string param_name =
              name_func(TestParamInfo<ParamType>(*param_it, i));

          GTEST_CHECK_(IsValidParamName(param_name))
              << "Parameterized test name '" << param_name
              << "' is invalid, in " << file << " line " << line << std::endl;

          GTEST_CHECK_(test_param_names.count(param_name) == 0)
              << "Duplicate parameterized test name '" << param_name << "', in "
              << file << " line " << line << std::endl;

          test_param_names.insert(param_name);

          if (!test_info->test_base_name.empty()) {
            test_name_stream << test_info->test_base_name << "/";
          }
          test_name_stream << param_name;
          MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
              test_suite_name.c_str(), test_name_stream.GetString().c_str(),
              nullptr,  // No type parameter.
              PrintToString(*param_it).c_str(), test_info->code_location,
              GetTestSuiteTypeId(),
              SuiteApiResolver<TestSuite>::GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(file, line),
              SuiteApiResolver<TestSuite>::GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(file, line),
              test_info->test_meta_factory->CreateTestFactory(*param_it));
        }  // for param_it
      }    // for gen_it
    }      // for test_it

    if (!generated_instantiations) {
      // There are no generaotrs, or they all generate nothing ...
      InsertSyntheticTestCase(GetTestSuiteName(), code_location_,
                              !tests_.empty());
    }
  }  // RegisterTests

 private:
  // LocalTestInfo structure keeps information about a single test registered
  // with TEST_P macro.
  struct TestInfo {
    TestInfo(const char* a_test_suite_base_name, const char* a_test_base_name,
             TestMetaFactoryBase<ParamType>* a_test_meta_factory,
             CodeLocation a_code_location)
        : test_suite_base_name(a_test_suite_base_name),
          test_base_name(a_test_base_name),
          test_meta_factory(a_test_meta_factory),
          code_location(a_code_location) {}

    const std::string test_suite_base_name;
    const std::string test_base_name;
    const std::unique_ptr<TestMetaFactoryBase<ParamType>> test_meta_factory;
    const CodeLocation code_location;
  };
  using TestInfoContainer = ::std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestInfo>>;
  // Records data received from INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P macros:
  //  <Instantiation name, Sequence generator creation function,
  //     Name generator function, Source file, Source line>
  struct InstantiationInfo {
    InstantiationInfo(const std::string& name_in,
                      GeneratorCreationFunc* generator_in,
                      ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func_in, const char* file_in,
                      int line_in)
        : name(name_in),
          generator(generator_in),
          name_func(name_func_in),
          file(file_in),
          line(line_in) {}

    std::string name;
    GeneratorCreationFunc* generator;
    ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func;
    const char* file;
    int line;
  };
  typedef ::std::vector<InstantiationInfo> InstantiationContainer;

  static bool IsValidParamName(const std::string& name) {
    // Check for empty string
    if (name.empty()) return false;

    // Check for invalid characters
    for (std::string::size_type index = 0; index < name.size(); ++index) {
      if (!IsAlNum(name[index]) && name[index] != '_') return false;
    }

    return true;
  }

  const std::string test_suite_name_;
  CodeLocation code_location_;
  TestInfoContainer tests_;
  InstantiationContainer instantiations_;

  ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo(const ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo&) = delete;
  ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo& operator=(const ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo&) =
      delete;
};  // class ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
template <class TestCase>
using ParameterizedTestCaseInfo = ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo<TestCase>;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry contains a map of
// ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase classes accessed by test suite names. TEST_P
// and INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P macros use it to locate their corresponding
// ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo descriptors.
class ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry {
 public:
  ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry() {}
  ~ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry() {
    for (auto& test_suite_info : test_suite_infos_) {
      delete test_suite_info;
    }
  }

  // Looks up or creates and returns a structure containing information about
  // tests and instantiations of a particular test suite.
  template <class TestSuite>
  ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo<TestSuite>* GetTestSuitePatternHolder(
      const char* test_suite_name, CodeLocation code_location) {
    ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo<TestSuite>* typed_test_info = nullptr;
    for (auto& test_suite_info : test_suite_infos_) {
      if (test_suite_info->GetTestSuiteName() == test_suite_name) {
        if (test_suite_info->GetTestSuiteTypeId() != GetTypeId<TestSuite>()) {
          // Complain about incorrect usage of Google Test facilities
          // and terminate the program since we cannot guaranty correct
          // test suite setup and tear-down in this case.
          ReportInvalidTestSuiteType(test_suite_name, code_location);
          posix::Abort();
        } else {
          // At this point we are sure that the object we found is of the same
          // type we are looking for, so we downcast it to that type
          // without further checks.
          typed_test_info = CheckedDowncastToActualType<
              ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo<TestSuite>>(test_suite_info);
        }
        break;
      }
    }
    if (typed_test_info == nullptr) {
      typed_test_info = new ParameterizedTestSuiteInfo<TestSuite>(
          test_suite_name, code_location);
      test_suite_infos_.push_back(typed_test_info);
    }
    return typed_test_info;
  }
  void RegisterTests() {
    for (auto& test_suite_info : test_suite_infos_) {
      test_suite_info->RegisterTests();
    }
  }
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  template <class TestCase>
  ParameterizedTestCaseInfo<TestCase>* GetTestCasePatternHolder(
      const char* test_case_name, CodeLocation code_location) {
    return GetTestSuitePatternHolder<TestCase>(test_case_name, code_location);
  }

#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

 private:
  using TestSuiteInfoContainer = ::std::vector<ParameterizedTestSuiteInfoBase*>;

  TestSuiteInfoContainer test_suite_infos_;

  ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry(const ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry&) =
      delete;
  ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry& operator=(
      const ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry&) = delete;
};

// Keep track of what type-parameterized test suite are defined and
// where as well as which are intatiated. This allows subsequently
// identifying suits that are defined but never used.
class TypeParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry {
 public:
  // Add a suite definition
  void RegisterTestSuite(const char* test_suite_name,
                         CodeLocation code_location);

  // Add an instantiation of a suit.
  void RegisterInstantiation(const char* test_suite_name);

  // For each suit reported as defined but not reported as instantiation,
  // emit a test that reports that fact (configurably, as an error).
  void CheckForInstantiations();

 private:
  struct TypeParameterizedTestSuiteInfo {
    explicit TypeParameterizedTestSuiteInfo(CodeLocation c)
        : code_location(c), instantiated(false) {}

    CodeLocation code_location;
    bool instantiated;
  };

  std::map<std::string, TypeParameterizedTestSuiteInfo> suites_;
};

}  // namespace internal

// Forward declarations of ValuesIn(), which is implemented in
// include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h.
template <class Container>
internal::ParamGenerator<typename Container::value_type> ValuesIn(
    const Container& container);

namespace internal {
// Used in the Values() function to provide polymorphic capabilities.

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4100)
#endif

template <typename... Ts>
class ValueArray {
 public:
  explicit ValueArray(Ts... v) : v_(FlatTupleConstructTag{}, std::move(v)...) {}

  template <typename T>
  operator ParamGenerator<T>() const {  // NOLINT
    return ValuesIn(MakeVector<T>(MakeIndexSequence<sizeof...(Ts)>()));
  }

 private:
  template <typename T, size_t... I>
  std::vector<T> MakeVector(IndexSequence<I...>) const {
    return std::vector<T>{static_cast<T>(v_.template Get<I>())...};
  }

  FlatTuple<Ts...> v_;
};

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif

template <typename... T>
class CartesianProductGenerator
    : public ParamGeneratorInterface<::std::tuple<T...>> {
 public:
  typedef ::std::tuple<T...> ParamType;

  CartesianProductGenerator(const std::tuple<ParamGenerator<T>...>& g)
      : generators_(g) {}
  ~CartesianProductGenerator() override {}

  ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Begin() const override {
    return new Iterator(this, generators_, false);
  }
  ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* End() const override {
    return new Iterator(this, generators_, true);
  }

 private:
  template <class I>
  class IteratorImpl;
  template <size_t... I>
  class IteratorImpl<IndexSequence<I...>>
      : public ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType> {
   public:
    IteratorImpl(const ParamGeneratorInterface<ParamType>* base,
                 const std::tuple<ParamGenerator<T>...>& generators,
                 bool is_end)
        : base_(base),
          begin_(std::get<I>(generators).begin()...),
          end_(std::get<I>(generators).end()...),
          current_(is_end ? end_ : begin_) {
      ComputeCurrentValue();
    }
    ~IteratorImpl() override {}

    const ParamGeneratorInterface<ParamType>* BaseGenerator() const override {
      return base_;
    }
    // Advance should not be called on beyond-of-range iterators
    // so no component iterators must be beyond end of range, either.
    void Advance() override {
      assert(!AtEnd());
      // Advance the last iterator.
      ++std::get<sizeof...(T) - 1>(current_);
      // if that reaches end, propagate that up.
      AdvanceIfEnd<sizeof...(T) - 1>();
      ComputeCurrentValue();
    }
    ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>* Clone() const override {
      return new IteratorImpl(*this);
    }

    const ParamType* Current() const override { return current_value_.get(); }

    bool Equals(const ParamIteratorInterface<ParamType>& other) const override {
      // Having the same base generator guarantees that the other
      // iterator is of the same type and we can downcast.
      GTEST_CHECK_(BaseGenerator() == other.BaseGenerator())
          << "The program attempted to compare iterators "
          << "from different generators." << std::endl;
      const IteratorImpl* typed_other =
          CheckedDowncastToActualType<const IteratorImpl>(&other);

      // We must report iterators equal if they both point beyond their
      // respective ranges. That can happen in a variety of fashions,
      // so we have to consult AtEnd().
      if (AtEnd() && typed_other->AtEnd()) return true;

      bool same = true;
      bool dummy[] = {
          (same = same && std::get<I>(current_) ==
                              std::get<I>(typed_other->current_))...};
      (void)dummy;
      return same;
    }

   private:
    template <size_t ThisI>
    void AdvanceIfEnd() {
      if (std::get<ThisI>(current_) != std::get<ThisI>(end_)) return;

      bool last = ThisI == 0;
      if (last) {
        // We are done. Nothing else to propagate.
        return;
      }

      constexpr size_t NextI = ThisI - (ThisI != 0);
      std::get<ThisI>(current_) = std::get<ThisI>(begin_);
      ++std::get<NextI>(current_);
      AdvanceIfEnd<NextI>();
    }

    void ComputeCurrentValue() {
      if (!AtEnd())
        current_value_ = std::make_shared<ParamType>(*std::get<I>(current_)...);
    }
    bool AtEnd() const {
      bool at_end = false;
      bool dummy[] = {
          (at_end = at_end || std::get<I>(current_) == std::get<I>(end_))...};
      (void)dummy;
      return at_end;
    }

    const ParamGeneratorInterface<ParamType>* const base_;
    std::tuple<typename ParamGenerator<T>::iterator...> begin_;
    std::tuple<typename ParamGenerator<T>::iterator...> end_;
    std::tuple<typename ParamGenerator<T>::iterator...> current_;
    std::shared_ptr<ParamType> current_value_;
  };

  using Iterator = IteratorImpl<typename MakeIndexSequence<sizeof...(T)>::type>;

  std::tuple<ParamGenerator<T>...> generators_;
};

template <class... Gen>
class CartesianProductHolder {
 public:
  CartesianProductHolder(const Gen&... g) : generators_(g...) {}
  template <typename... T>
  operator ParamGenerator<::std::tuple<T...>>() const {
    return ParamGenerator<::std::tuple<T...>>(
        new CartesianProductGenerator<T...>(generators_));
  }

 private:
  std::tuple<Gen...> generators_;
};

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h
================================================
// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file defines the GTEST_OS_* macro.
// It is separate from gtest-port.h so that custom/gtest-port.h can include it.

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_

// Determines the platform on which Google Test is compiled.
#ifdef __CYGWIN__
#define GTEST_OS_CYGWIN 1
#elif defined(__MINGW__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__MINGW64__)
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW 1
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS 1
#elif defined _WIN32
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS 1
#ifdef _WIN32_WCE
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE 1
#elif defined(WINAPI_FAMILY)
#include <winapifamily.h>
#if WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_DESKTOP)
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP 1
#elif WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_PHONE_APP)
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE 1
#elif WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_APP)
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT 1
#elif WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_TV_TITLE)
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE 1
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_TV_TITLE 1
#else
// WINAPI_FAMILY defined but no known partition matched.
// Default to desktop.
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP 1
#endif
#else
#define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP 1
#endif  // _WIN32_WCE
#elif defined __OS2__
#define GTEST_OS_OS2 1
#elif defined __APPLE__
#define GTEST_OS_MAC 1
#include <TargetConditionals.h>
#if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
#define GTEST_OS_IOS 1
#endif
#elif defined __DragonFly__
#define GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY 1
#elif defined __FreeBSD__
#define GTEST_OS_FREEBSD 1
#elif defined __Fuchsia__
#define GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA 1
#elif defined(__GNU__)
#define GTEST_OS_GNU_HURD 1
#elif defined(__GLIBC__) && defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
#define GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD 1
#elif defined __linux__
#define GTEST_OS_LINUX 1
#if defined __ANDROID__
#define GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID 1
#endif
#elif defined __MVS__
#define GTEST_OS_ZOS 1
#elif defined(__sun) && defined(__SVR4)
#define GTEST_OS_SOLARIS 1
#elif defined(_AIX)
#define GTEST_OS_AIX 1
#elif defined(__hpux)
#define GTEST_OS_HPUX 1
#elif defined __native_client__
#define GTEST_OS_NACL 1
#elif defined __NetBSD__
#define GTEST_OS_NETBSD 1
#elif defined __OpenBSD__
#define GTEST_OS_OPENBSD 1
#elif defined __QNX__
#define GTEST_OS_QNX 1
#elif defined(__HAIKU__)
#define GTEST_OS_HAIKU 1
#elif defined ESP8266
#define GTEST_OS_ESP8266 1
#elif defined ESP32
#define GTEST_OS_ESP32 1
#elif defined(__XTENSA__)
#define GTEST_OS_XTENSA 1
#endif  // __CYGWIN__

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Low-level types and utilities for porting Google Test to various
// platforms.  All macros ending with _ and symbols defined in an
// internal namespace are subject to change without notice.  Code
// outside Google Test MUST NOT USE THEM DIRECTLY.  Macros that don't
// end with _ are part of Google Test's public API and can be used by
// code outside Google Test.
//
// This file is fundamental to Google Test.  All other Google Test source
// files are expected to #include this.  Therefore, it cannot #include
// any other Google Test header.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_

// Environment-describing macros
// -----------------------------
//
// Google Test can be used in many different environments.  Macros in
// this section tell Google Test what kind of environment it is being
// used in, such that Google Test can provide environment-specific
// features and implementations.
//
// Google Test tries to automatically detect the properties of its
// environment, so users usually don't need to worry about these
// macros.  However, the automatic detection is not perfect.
// Sometimes it's necessary for a user to define some of the following
// macros in the build script to override Google Test's decisions.
//
// If the user doesn't define a macro in the list, Google Test will
// provide a default definition.  After this header is #included, all
// macros in this list will be defined to either 1 or 0.
//
// Notes to maintainers:
//   - Each macro here is a user-tweakable knob; do not grow the list
//     lightly.
//   - Use #if to key off these macros.  Don't use #ifdef or "#if
//     defined(...)", which will not work as these macros are ALWAYS
//     defined.
//
//   GTEST_HAS_CLONE          - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that clone(2)
//                              is/isn't available.
//   GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS     - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that exceptions
//                              are enabled.
//   GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE       - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that POSIX regular
//                              expressions are/aren't available.
//   GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD        - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that <pthread.h>
//                              is/isn't available.
//   GTEST_HAS_RTTI           - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that RTTI is/isn't
//                              enabled.
//   GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING    - Define it to 1/0 to indicate that
//                              std::wstring does/doesn't work (Google Test can
//                              be used where std::wstring is unavailable).
//   GTEST_HAS_SEH            - Define it to 1/0 to indicate whether the
//                              compiler supports Microsoft's "Structured
//                              Exception Handling".
//   GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
//                            - Define it to 1/0 to indicate whether the
//                              platform supports I/O stream redirection using
//                              dup() and dup2().
//   GTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY
//                            - Define to 1 when compiling tests that use
//                              Google Test as a shared library (known as
//                              DLL on Windows).
//   GTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY
//                            - Define to 1 when compiling Google Test itself
//                              as a shared library.
//   GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE
//                            - The default value of --gtest_death_test_style.
//                              The legacy default has been "fast" in the open
//                              source version since 2008. The recommended value
//                              is "threadsafe", and can be set in
//                              custom/gtest-port.h.

// Platform-indicating macros
// --------------------------
//
// Macros indicating the platform on which Google Test is being used
// (a macro is defined to 1 if compiled on the given platform;
// otherwise UNDEFINED -- it's never defined to 0.).  Google Test
// defines these macros automatically.  Code outside Google Test MUST
// NOT define them.
//
//   GTEST_OS_AIX      - IBM AIX
//   GTEST_OS_CYGWIN   - Cygwin
//   GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY - DragonFlyBSD
//   GTEST_OS_FREEBSD  - FreeBSD
//   GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA  - Fuchsia
//   GTEST_OS_GNU_HURD - GNU/Hurd
//   GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD - GNU/kFreeBSD
//   GTEST_OS_HAIKU    - Haiku
//   GTEST_OS_HPUX     - HP-UX
//   GTEST_OS_LINUX    - Linux
//     GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID - Google Android
//   GTEST_OS_MAC      - Mac OS X
//     GTEST_OS_IOS    - iOS
//   GTEST_OS_NACL     - Google Native Client (NaCl)
//   GTEST_OS_NETBSD   - NetBSD
//   GTEST_OS_OPENBSD  - OpenBSD
//   GTEST_OS_OS2      - OS/2
//   GTEST_OS_QNX      - QNX
//   GTEST_OS_SOLARIS  - Sun Solaris
//   GTEST_OS_WINDOWS  - Windows (Desktop, MinGW, or Mobile)
//     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP  - Windows Desktop
//     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW    - MinGW
//     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE   - Windows Mobile
//     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE    - Windows Phone
//     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT       - Windows Store App/WinRT
//   GTEST_OS_ZOS      - z/OS
//
// Among the platforms, Cygwin, Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows have the
// most stable support.  Since core members of the Google Test project
// don't have access to other platforms, support for them may be less
// stable.  If you notice any problems on your platform, please notify
// googletestframework@googlegroups.com (patches for fixing them are
// even more welcome!).
//
// It is possible that none of the GTEST_OS_* macros are defined.

// Feature-indicating macros
// -------------------------
//
// Macros indicating which Google Test features are available (a macro
// is defined to 1 if the corresponding feature is supported;
// otherwise UNDEFINED -- it's never defined to 0.).  Google Test
// defines these macros automatically.  Code outside Google Test MUST
// NOT define them.
//
// These macros are public so that portable tests can be written.
// Such tests typically surround code using a feature with an #if
// which controls that code.  For example:
//
// #if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
//   EXPECT_DEATH(DoSomethingDeadly());
// #endif
//
//   GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST   - death tests
//   GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST   - typed tests
//   GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P - type-parameterized tests
//   GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE    - Google Test is thread-safe.
//   GTEST_USES_RE2         - the RE2 regular expression library is used
//   GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE    - enhanced POSIX regex is used. Do not confuse with
//                            GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (see above) which users can
//                            define themselves.
//   GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE   - our own simple regex is used;
//                            the above RE\b(s) are mutually exclusive.

// Misc public macros
// ------------------
//
//   GTEST_FLAG(flag_name)  - references the variable corresponding to
//                            the given Google Test flag.

// Internal utilities
// ------------------
//
// The following macros and utilities are for Google Test's INTERNAL
// use only.  Code outside Google Test MUST NOT USE THEM DIRECTLY.
//
// Macros for basic C++ coding:
//   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ - for disabling a gcc warning.
//   GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_  - declares that a class' instances or a
//                              variable don't have to be used.
//   GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_   - declares that a function's result must be used.
//   GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_ - start code section where MSVC C4127 is
//                                        suppressed (constant conditional).
//   GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_  - finish code section where MSVC C4127
//                                        is suppressed.
//   GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ANY - for enabling UniversalPrinter<std::any> or
//                            UniversalPrinter<absl::any> specializations.
//   GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_OPTIONAL - for enabling UniversalPrinter<std::optional>
//   or
//                                 UniversalPrinter<absl::optional>
//                                 specializations.
//   GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW - for enabling Matcher<std::string_view> or
//                                    Matcher<absl::string_view>
//                                    specializations.
//   GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_VARIANT - for enabling UniversalPrinter<std::variant> or
//                                UniversalPrinter<absl::variant>
//                                specializations.
//
// Synchronization:
//   Mutex, MutexLock, ThreadLocal, GetThreadCount()
//                            - synchronization primitives.
//
// Regular expressions:
//   RE             - a simple regular expression class using
//                     1) the RE2 syntax on all platforms when built with RE2
//                        and Abseil as dependencies
//                     2) the POSIX Extended Regular Expression syntax on
//                        UNIX-like platforms,
//                     3) A reduced regular exception syntax on other platforms,
//                        including Windows.
// Logging:
//   GTEST_LOG_()   - logs messages at the specified severity level.
//   LogToStderr()  - directs all log messages to stderr.
//   FlushInfoLog() - flushes informational log messages.
//
// Stdout and stderr capturing:
//   CaptureStdout()     - starts capturing stdout.
//   GetCapturedStdout() - stops capturing stdout and returns the captured
//                         string.
//   CaptureStderr()     - starts capturing stderr.
//   GetCapturedStderr() - stops capturing stderr and returns the captured
//                         string.
//
// Integer types:
//   TypeWithSize   - maps an integer to a int type.
//   TimeInMillis   - integers of known sizes.
//   BiggestInt     - the biggest signed integer type.
//
// Command-line utilities:
//   GetInjectableArgvs() - returns the command line as a vector of strings.
//
// Environment variable utilities:
//   GetEnv()             - gets the value of an environment variable.
//   BoolFromGTestEnv()   - parses a bool environment variable.
//   Int32FromGTestEnv()  - parses an int32_t environment variable.
//   StringFromGTestEnv() - parses a string environment variable.
//
// Deprecation warnings:
//   GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(message) - attribute marking a function as
//                                        deprecated; calling a marked function
//                                        should generate a compiler warning

#include <ctype.h>   // for isspace, etc
#include <stddef.h>  // for ptrdiff_t
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <cerrno>
// #include <condition_variable>  // Guarded by GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE below
#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
#include <locale>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
// #include <mutex>  // Guarded by GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE below
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>

#ifndef _WIN32_WCE
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif  // !_WIN32_WCE

#if defined __APPLE__
#include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
#include <TargetConditionals.h>
#endif

#include "gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h"

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
#include "absl/flags/declare.h"
#include "absl/flags/flag.h"
#include "absl/flags/reflection.h"
#endif

#if !defined(GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_)
#define GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ "googletestframework@@googlegroups.com"
#define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "gtest_"
#define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_DASH_ "gtest-"
#define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_UPPER_ "GTEST_"
#define GTEST_NAME_ "Google Test"
#define GTEST_PROJECT_URL_ "https://github.com/google/googletest/"
#endif  // !defined(GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_)

#if !defined(GTEST_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_NAME_)
#define GTEST_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_NAME_ "testing::InitGoogleTest"
#endif  // !defined(GTEST_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_NAME_)

// Determines the version of gcc that is used to compile this.
#ifdef __GNUC__
// 40302 means version 4.3.2.
#define GTEST_GCC_VER_ \
  (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
#endif  // __GNUC__

// Macros for disabling Microsoft Visual C++ warnings.
//
//   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4800 4385)
//   /* code that triggers warnings C4800 and C4385 */
//   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(warnings) \
  __pragma(warning(push)) __pragma(warning(disable : warnings))
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_() __pragma(warning(pop))
#else
// Not all compilers are MSVC
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(warnings)
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
#endif

// Clang on Windows does not understand MSVC's pragma warning.
// We need clang-specific way to disable function deprecation warning.
#ifdef __clang__
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_PUSH_()                            \
  _Pragma("clang diagnostic push")                                      \
      _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wdeprecated-declarations\"") \
          _Pragma("clang diagnostic ignored \"-Wdeprecated-implementations\"")
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_POP_() _Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")
#else
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_PUSH_() \
  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4996)
#define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_POP_() GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
#endif

// Brings in definitions for functions used in the testing::internal::posix
// namespace (read, write, close, chdir, isatty, stat). We do not currently
// use them on Windows Mobile.
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
#include <direct.h>
#include <io.h>
#endif
// In order to avoid having to include <windows.h>, use forward declaration
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW && !defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR)
// MinGW defined _CRITICAL_SECTION and _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION as two
// separate (equivalent) structs, instead of using typedef
typedef struct _CRITICAL_SECTION GTEST_CRITICAL_SECTION;
#else
// Assume CRITICAL_SECTION is a typedef of _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION.
// This assumption is verified by
// WindowsTypesTest.CRITICAL_SECTIONIs_RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION.
typedef struct _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION GTEST_CRITICAL_SECTION;
#endif
#elif GTEST_OS_XTENSA
#include <unistd.h>
// Xtensa toolchains define strcasecmp in the string.h header instead of
// strings.h. string.h is already included.
#else
// This assumes that non-Windows OSes provide unistd.h. For OSes where this
// is not the case, we need to include headers that provide the functions
// mentioned above.
#include <strings.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
// Used to define __ANDROID_API__ matching the target NDK API level.
#include <android/api-level.h>  // NOLINT
#endif

// Defines this to true if and only if Google Test can use POSIX regular
// expressions.
#ifndef GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
#if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
// On Android, <regex.h> is only available starting with Gingerbread.
#define GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (__ANDROID_API__ >= 9)
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (!GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_XTENSA)
#endif
#endif

// Select the regular expression implementation.
#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
// When using Abseil, RE2 is required.
#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
#include "re2/re2.h"
#define GTEST_USES_RE2 1
#elif GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
#include <regex.h>  // NOLINT
#define GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE 1
#else
// Use our own simple regex implementation.
#define GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE 1
#endif

#ifndef GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
// The user didn't tell us whether exceptions are enabled, so we need
// to figure it out.
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_CPPUNWIND)
// MSVC defines _CPPUNWIND to 1 if and only if exceptions are enabled.
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
#elif defined(__BORLANDC__)
// C++Builder's implementation of the STL uses the _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
// macro to enable exceptions, so we'll do the same.
// Assumes that exceptions are enabled by default.
#ifndef _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
#define _HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
#endif  // _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
#elif defined(__clang__)
// clang defines __EXCEPTIONS if and only if exceptions are enabled before clang
// 220714, but if and only if cleanups are enabled after that. In Obj-C++ files,
// there can be cleanups for ObjC exceptions which also need cleanups, even if
// C++ exceptions are disabled. clang has __has_feature(cxx_exceptions) which
// checks for C++ exceptions starting at clang r206352, but which checked for
// cleanups prior to that. To reliably check for C++ exception availability with
// clang, check for
// __EXCEPTIONS && __has_feature(cxx_exceptions).
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS (__EXCEPTIONS && __has_feature(cxx_exceptions))
#elif defined(__GNUC__) && __EXCEPTIONS
// gcc defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 if and only if exceptions are enabled.
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
// Sun Pro CC supports exceptions.  However, there is no compile-time way of
// detecting whether they are enabled or not.  Therefore, we assume that
// they are enabled unless the user tells us otherwise.
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
#elif defined(__IBMCPP__) && __EXCEPTIONS
// xlC defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 if and only if exceptions are enabled.
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
#elif defined(__HP_aCC)
// Exception handling is in effect by default in HP aCC compiler. It has to
// be turned of by +noeh compiler option if desired.
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
#else
// For other compilers, we assume exceptions are disabled to be
// conservative.
#define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 0
#endif  // defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

#ifndef GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
// The user didn't tell us whether ::std::wstring is available, so we need
// to figure it out.
// Cygwin 1.7 and below doesn't support ::std::wstring.
// Solaris' libc++ doesn't support it either.  Android has
// no support for it at least as recent as Froyo (2.2).
#define GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING                                         \
  (!(GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS || \
     GTEST_OS_HAIKU || GTEST_OS_ESP32 || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA))

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

// Determines whether RTTI is available.
#ifndef GTEST_HAS_RTTI
// The user didn't tell us whether RTTI is enabled, so we need to
// figure it out.

#ifdef _MSC_VER

#ifdef _CPPRTTI  // MSVC defines this macro if and only if RTTI is enabled.
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
#endif

// Starting with version 4.3.2, gcc defines __GXX_RTTI if and only if RTTI is
// enabled.
#elif defined(__GNUC__)

#ifdef __GXX_RTTI
// When building against STLport with the Android NDK and with
// -frtti -fno-exceptions, the build fails at link time with undefined
// references to __cxa_bad_typeid. Note sure if STL or toolchain bug,
// so disable RTTI when detected.
#if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID && defined(_STLPORT_MAJOR) && !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID && __STLPORT_MAJOR && !__EXCEPTIONS
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
#endif  // __GXX_RTTI

// Clang defines __GXX_RTTI starting with version 3.0, but its manual recommends
// using has_feature instead. has_feature(cxx_rtti) is supported since 2.7, the
// first version with C++ support.
#elif defined(__clang__)

#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI __has_feature(cxx_rtti)

// Starting with version 9.0 IBM Visual Age defines __RTTI_ALL__ to 1 if
// both the typeid and dynamic_cast features are present.
#elif defined(__IBMCPP__) && (__IBMCPP__ >= 900)

#ifdef __RTTI_ALL__
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
#endif

#else

// For all other compilers, we assume RTTI is enabled.
#define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1

#endif  // _MSC_VER

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI

// It's this header's responsibility to #include <typeinfo> when RTTI
// is enabled.
#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
#include <typeinfo>
#endif

// Determines whether Google Test can use the pthreads library.
#ifndef GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
// The user didn't tell us explicitly, so we make reasonable assumptions about
// which platforms have pthreads support.
//
// To disable threading support in Google Test, add -DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=0
// to your compiler flags.
#define GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD                                                      \
  (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_MAC || GTEST_OS_HPUX || GTEST_OS_QNX ||          \
   GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_NACL || GTEST_OS_NETBSD || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA || \
   GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY || GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD || GTEST_OS_OPENBSD ||          \
   GTEST_OS_HAIKU || GTEST_OS_GNU_HURD)
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD

#if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
// gtest-port.h guarantees to #include <pthread.h> when GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD is
// true.
#include <pthread.h>  // NOLINT

// For timespec and nanosleep, used below.
#include <time.h>  // NOLINT
#endif

// Determines whether clone(2) is supported.
// Usually it will only be available on Linux, excluding
// Linux on the Itanium architecture.
// Also see http://linux.die.net/man/2/clone.
#ifndef GTEST_HAS_CLONE
// The user didn't tell us, so we need to figure it out.

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX && !defined(__ia64__)
#if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
// On Android, clone() became available at different API levels for each 32-bit
// architecture.
#if defined(__LP64__) || (defined(__arm__) && __ANDROID_API__ >= 9) || \
    (defined(__mips__) && __ANDROID_API__ >= 12) ||                    \
    (defined(__i386__) && __ANDROID_API__ >= 17)
#define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 1
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 0
#endif
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 1
#endif
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_CLONE 0
#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX && !defined(__ia64__)

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_CLONE

// Determines whether to support stream redirection. This is used to test
// output correctness and to implement death tests.
#ifndef GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
// By default, we assume that stream redirection is supported on all
// platforms except known mobile ones.
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || \
    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA
#define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 0
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 1
#endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION

// Determines whether to support death tests.
// pops up a dialog window that cannot be suppressed programmatically.
#if (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS ||             \
     (GTEST_OS_MAC && !GTEST_OS_IOS) ||                                   \
     (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP && _MSC_VER) || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW ||  \
     GTEST_OS_AIX || GTEST_OS_HPUX || GTEST_OS_OPENBSD || GTEST_OS_QNX || \
     GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_NETBSD || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA ||           \
     GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY || GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD || GTEST_OS_HAIKU ||     \
     GTEST_OS_GNU_HURD)
#define GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST 1
#endif

// Determines whether to support type-driven tests.

// Typed tests need <typeinfo> and variadic macros, which GCC, VC++ 8.0,
// Sun Pro CC, IBM Visual Age, and HP aCC support.
#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__SUNPRO_CC) || \
    defined(__IBMCPP__) || defined(__HP_aCC)
#define GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST 1
#define GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P 1
#endif

// Determines whether the system compiler uses UTF-16 for encoding wide strings.
#define GTEST_WIDE_STRING_USES_UTF16_ \
  (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_AIX || GTEST_OS_OS2)

// Determines whether test results can be streamed to a socket.
#if GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD || GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY || \
    GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_NETBSD || GTEST_OS_OPENBSD ||       \
    GTEST_OS_GNU_HURD
#define GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_ 1
#endif

// Defines some utility macros.

// The GNU compiler emits a warning if nested "if" statements are followed by
// an "else" statement and braces are not used to explicitly disambiguate the
// "else" binding.  This leads to problems with code like:
//
//   if (gate)
//     ASSERT_*(condition) << "Some message";
//
// The "switch (0) case 0:" idiom is used to suppress this.
#ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
#define GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_
#else
#define GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ \
  switch (0)                          \
  case 0:                             \
  default:  // NOLINT
#endif

// Use this annotation at the end of a struct/class definition to
// prevent the compiler from optimizing away instances that are never
// used.  This is useful when all interesting logic happens inside the
// c'tor and / or d'tor.  Example:
//
//   struct Foo {
//     Foo() { ... }
//   } GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;
//
// Also use it after a variable or parameter declaration to tell the
// compiler the variable/parameter does not have to be used.
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ __attribute__((unused))
#elif defined(__clang__)
#if __has_attribute(unused)
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ __attribute__((unused))
#endif
#endif
#ifndef GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_
#endif

// Use this annotation before a function that takes a printf format string.
#if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
#if defined(__MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT)
// MinGW has two different printf implementations. Ensure the format macro
// matches the selected implementation. See
// https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw-w64/wiki2/gnu%20printf/.
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_(string_index, first_to_check) \
  __attribute__((                                             \
      __format__(__MINGW_PRINTF_FORMAT, string_index, first_to_check)))
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_(string_index, first_to_check) \
  __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, string_index, first_to_check)))
#endif
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_(string_index, first_to_check)
#endif

// Tell the compiler to warn about unused return values for functions declared
// with this macro.  The macro should be used on function declarations
// following the argument list:
//
//   Sprocket* AllocateSprocket() GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_;
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
#define GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_ __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
#else
#define GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_
#endif  // __GNUC__ && !COMPILER_ICC

// MS C++ compiler emits warning when a conditional expression is compile time
// constant. In some contexts this warning is false positive and needs to be
// suppressed. Use the following two macros in such cases:
//
// GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
// while (true) {
// GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
// }
#define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_() \
  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4127)
#define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_() GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()

// Determine whether the compiler supports Microsoft's Structured Exception
// Handling.  This is supported by several Windows compilers but generally
// does not exist on any other system.
#ifndef GTEST_HAS_SEH
// The user didn't tell us, so we need to figure it out.

#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
// These two compilers are known to support SEH.
#define GTEST_HAS_SEH 1
#else
// Assume no SEH.
#define GTEST_HAS_SEH 0
#endif

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_SEH

#ifndef GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE

#define GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE                                                 \
  (GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_ ||                                     \
   (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT) || \
   GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD)

#endif  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE

#if GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
// Some platforms don't support including these threading related headers.
#include <condition_variable>  // NOLINT
#include <mutex>               // NOLINT
#endif                         // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE

// GTEST_API_ qualifies all symbols that must be exported. The definitions below
// are guarded by #ifndef to give embedders a chance to define GTEST_API_ in
// gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
#ifndef GTEST_API_

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#if GTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY
#define GTEST_API_ __declspec(dllimport)
#elif GTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY
#define GTEST_API_ __declspec(dllexport)
#endif
#elif __GNUC__ >= 4 || defined(__clang__)
#define GTEST_API_ __attribute__((visibility("default")))
#endif  // _MSC_VER

#endif  // GTEST_API_

#ifndef GTEST_API_
#define GTEST_API_
#endif  // GTEST_API_

#ifndef GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE
#define GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE "fast"
#endif  // GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE

#ifdef __GNUC__
// Ask the compiler to never inline a given function.
#define GTEST_NO_INLINE_ __attribute__((noinline))
#else
#define GTEST_NO_INLINE_
#endif

#if defined(__clang__)
// Nested ifs to avoid triggering MSVC warning.
#if __has_attribute(disable_tail_calls)
// Ask the compiler not to perform tail call optimization inside
// the marked function.
#define GTEST_NO_TAIL_CALL_ __attribute__((disable_tail_calls))
#endif
#elif __GNUC__
#define GTEST_NO_TAIL_CALL_ \
  __attribute__((optimize("no-optimize-sibling-calls")))
#else
#define GTEST_NO_TAIL_CALL_
#endif

// _LIBCPP_VERSION is defined by the libc++ library from the LLVM project.
#if !defined(GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_)
#if defined(__GLIBCXX__) || (defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION) && !defined(_MSC_VER))
#define GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ 1
#else
#define GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ 0
#endif
#endif

// A function level attribute to disable checking for use of uninitialized
// memory when built with MemorySanitizer.
#if defined(__clang__)
#if __has_feature(memory_sanitizer)
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_ __attribute__((no_sanitize_memory))
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
#endif  // __has_feature(memory_sanitizer)
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
#endif  // __clang__

// A function level attribute to disable AddressSanitizer instrumentation.
#if defined(__clang__)
#if __has_feature(address_sanitizer)
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_ \
  __attribute__((no_sanitize_address))
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
#endif  // __has_feature(address_sanitizer)
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
#endif  // __clang__

// A function level attribute to disable HWAddressSanitizer instrumentation.
#if defined(__clang__)
#if __has_feature(hwaddress_sanitizer)
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_ \
  __attribute__((no_sanitize("hwaddress")))
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_
#endif  // __has_feature(hwaddress_sanitizer)
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_
#endif  // __clang__

// A function level attribute to disable ThreadSanitizer instrumentation.
#if defined(__clang__)
#if __has_feature(thread_sanitizer)
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_ __attribute__((no_sanitize_thread))
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
#endif  // __has_feature(thread_sanitizer)
#else
#define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
#endif  // __clang__

namespace testing {

class Message;

// Legacy imports for backwards compatibility.
// New code should use std:: names directly.
using std::get;
using std::make_tuple;
using std::tuple;
using std::tuple_element;
using std::tuple_size;

namespace internal {

// A secret type that Google Test users don't know about.  It has no
// definition on purpose.  Therefore it's impossible to create a
// Secret object, which is what we want.
class Secret;

// A helper for suppressing warnings on constant condition.  It just
// returns 'condition'.
GTEST_API_ bool IsTrue(bool condition);

// Defines RE.

#if GTEST_USES_RE2

// This is almost `using RE = ::RE2`, except it is copy-constructible, and it
// needs to disambiguate the `std::string`, `absl::string_view`, and `const
// char*` constructors.
class GTEST_API_ RE {
 public:
  RE(absl::string_view regex) : regex_(regex) {}                  // NOLINT
  RE(const char* regex) : RE(absl::string_view(regex)) {}         // NOLINT
  RE(const std::string& regex) : RE(absl::string_view(regex)) {}  // NOLINT
  RE(const RE& other) : RE(other.pattern()) {}

  const std::string& pattern() const { return regex_.pattern(); }

  static bool FullMatch(absl::string_view str, const RE& re) {
    return RE2::FullMatch(str, re.regex_);
  }
  static bool PartialMatch(absl::string_view str, const RE& re) {
    return RE2::PartialMatch(str, re.regex_);
  }

 private:
  RE2 regex_;
};

#elif GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE || GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE

// A simple C++ wrapper for <regex.h>.  It uses the POSIX Extended
// Regular Expression syntax.
class GTEST_API_ RE {
 public:
  // A copy constructor is required by the Standard to initialize object
  // references from r-values.
  RE(const RE& other) { Init(other.pattern()); }

  // Constructs an RE from a string.
  RE(const ::std::string& regex) { Init(regex.c_str()); }  // NOLINT

  RE(const char* regex) { Init(regex); }  // NOLINT
  ~RE();

  // Returns the string representation of the regex.
  const char* pattern() const { return pattern_; }

  // FullMatch(str, re) returns true if and only if regular expression re
  // matches the entire str.
  // PartialMatch(str, re) returns true if and only if regular expression re
  // matches a substring of str (including str itself).
  static bool FullMatch(const ::std::string& str, const RE& re) {
    return FullMatch(str.c_str(), re);
  }
  static bool PartialMatch(const ::std::string& str, const RE& re) {
    return PartialMatch(str.c_str(), re);
  }

  static bool FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re);
  static bool PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re);

 private:
  void Init(const char* regex);
  const char* pattern_;
  bool is_valid_;

#if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE

  regex_t full_regex_;     // For FullMatch().
  regex_t partial_regex_;  // For PartialMatch().

#else  // GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE

  const char* full_pattern_;  // For FullMatch();

#endif
};

#endif  // ::testing::internal::RE implementation

// Formats a source file path and a line number as they would appear
// in an error message from the compiler used to compile this code.
GTEST_API_ ::std::string FormatFileLocation(const char* file, int line);

// Formats a file location for compiler-independent XML output.
// Although this function is not platform dependent, we put it next to
// FormatFileLocation in order to contrast the two functions.
GTEST_API_ ::std::string FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation(const char* file,
                                                               int line);

// Defines logging utilities:
//   GTEST_LOG_(severity) - logs messages at the specified severity level. The
//                          message itself is streamed into the macro.
//   LogToStderr()  - directs all log messages to stderr.
//   FlushInfoLog() - flushes informational log messages.

enum GTestLogSeverity { GTEST_INFO, GTEST_WARNING, GTEST_ERROR, GTEST_FATAL };

// Formats log entry severity, provides a stream object for streaming the
// log message, and terminates the message with a newline when going out of
// scope.
class GTEST_API_ GTestLog {
 public:
  GTestLog(GTestLogSeverity severity, const char* file, int line);

  // Flushes the buffers and, if severity is GTEST_FATAL, aborts the program.
  ~GTestLog();

  ::std::ostream& GetStream() { return ::std::cerr; }

 private:
  const GTestLogSeverity severity_;

  GTestLog(const GTestLog&) = delete;
  GTestLog& operator=(const GTestLog&) = delete;
};

#if !defined(GTEST_LOG_)

#define GTEST_LOG_(severity)                                           \
  ::testing::internal::GTestLog(::testing::internal::GTEST_##severity, \
                                __FILE__, __LINE__)                    \
      .GetStream()

inline void LogToStderr() {}
inline void FlushInfoLog() { fflush(nullptr); }

#endif  // !defined(GTEST_LOG_)

#if !defined(GTEST_CHECK_)
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE.
//
// GTEST_CHECK_ is an all-mode assert. It aborts the program if the condition
// is not satisfied.
//  Synopsis:
//    GTEST_CHECK_(boolean_condition);
//     or
//    GTEST_CHECK_(boolean_condition) << "Additional message";
//
//    This checks the condition and if the condition is not satisfied
//    it prints message about the condition violation, including the
//    condition itself, plus additional message streamed into it, if any,
//    and then it aborts the program. It aborts the program irrespective of
//    whether it is built in the debug mode or not.
#define GTEST_CHECK_(condition)               \
  GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_               \
  if (::testing::internal::IsTrue(condition)) \
    ;                                         \
  else                                        \
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Condition " #condition " failed. "
#endif  // !defined(GTEST_CHECK_)

// An all-mode assert to verify that the given POSIX-style function
// call returns 0 (indicating success).  Known limitation: this
// doesn't expand to a balanced 'if' statement, so enclose the macro
// in {} if you need to use it as the only statement in an 'if'
// branch.
#define GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(posix_call) \
  if (const int gtest_error = (posix_call))    \
  GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << #posix_call << "failed with error " << gtest_error

// Transforms "T" into "const T&" according to standard reference collapsing
// rules (this is only needed as a backport for C++98 compilers that do not
// support reference collapsing). Specifically, it transforms:
//
//   char         ==> const char&
//   const char   ==> const char&
//   char&        ==> char&
//   const char&  ==> const char&
//
// Note that the non-const reference will not have "const" added. This is
// standard, and necessary so that "T" can always bind to "const T&".
template <typename T>
struct ConstRef {
  typedef const T& type;
};
template <typename T>
struct ConstRef<T&> {
  typedef T& type;
};

// The argument T must depend on some template parameters.
#define GTEST_REFERENCE_TO_CONST_(T) \
  typename ::testing::internal::ConstRef<T>::type

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
//
// Use ImplicitCast_ as a safe version of static_cast for upcasting in
// the type hierarchy (e.g. casting a Foo* to a SuperclassOfFoo* or a
// const Foo*).  When you use ImplicitCast_, the compiler checks that
// the cast is safe.  Such explicit ImplicitCast_s are necessary in
// surprisingly many situations where C++ demands an exact type match
// instead of an argument type convertible to a target type.
//
// The syntax for using ImplicitCast_ is the same as for static_cast:
//
//   ImplicitCast_<ToType>(expr)
//
// ImplicitCast_ would have been part of the C++ standard library,
// but the proposal was submitted too late.  It will probably make
// its way into the language in the future.
//
// This relatively ugly name is intentional. It prevents clashes with
// similar functions users may have (e.g., implicit_cast). The internal
// namespace alone is not enough because the function can be found by ADL.
template <typename To>
inline To ImplicitCast_(To x) {
  return x;
}

// When you upcast (that is, cast a pointer from type Foo to type
// SuperclassOfFoo), it's fine to use ImplicitCast_<>, since upcasts
// always succeed.  When you downcast (that is, cast a pointer from
// type Foo to type SubclassOfFoo), static_cast<> isn't safe, because
// how do you know the pointer is really of type SubclassOfFoo?  It
// could be a bare Foo, or of type DifferentSubclassOfFoo.  Thus,
// when you downcast, you should use this macro.  In debug mode, we
// use dynamic_cast<> to double-check the downcast is legal (we die
// if it's not).  In normal mode, we do the efficient static_cast<>
// instead.  Thus, it's important to test in debug mode to make sure
// the cast is legal!
//    This is the only place in the code we should use dynamic_cast<>.
// In particular, you SHOULDN'T be using dynamic_cast<> in order to
// do RTTI (eg code like this:
//    if (dynamic_cast<Subclass1>(foo)) HandleASubclass1Object(foo);
//    if (dynamic_cast<Subclass2>(foo)) HandleASubclass2Object(foo);
// You should design the code some other way not to need this.
//
// This relatively ugly name is intentional. It prevents clashes with
// similar functions users may have (e.g., down_cast). The internal
// namespace alone is not enough because the function can be found by ADL.
template <typename To, typename From>  // use like this: DownCast_<T*>(foo);
inline To DownCast_(From* f) {         // so we only accept pointers
  // Ensures that To is a sub-type of From *.  This test is here only
  // for compile-time type checking, and has no overhead in an
  // optimized build at run-time, as it will be optimized away
  // completely.
  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
  if (false) {
    GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
    const To to = nullptr;
    ::testing::internal::ImplicitCast_<From*>(to);
  }

#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
  // RTTI: debug mode only!
  GTEST_CHECK_(f == nullptr || dynamic_cast<To>(f) != nullptr);
#endif
  return static_cast<To>(f);
}

// Downcasts the pointer of type Base to Derived.
// Derived must be a subclass of Base. The parameter MUST
// point to a class of type Derived, not any subclass of it.
// When RTTI is available, the function performs a runtime
// check to enforce this.
template <class Derived, class Base>
Derived* CheckedDowncastToActualType(Base* base) {
#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
  GTEST_CHECK_(typeid(*base) == typeid(Derived));
#endif

#if GTEST_HAS_DOWNCAST_
  return ::down_cast<Derived*>(base);
#elif GTEST_HAS_RTTI
  return dynamic_cast<Derived*>(base);  // NOLINT
#else
  return static_cast<Derived*>(base);  // Poor man's downcast.
#endif
}

#if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION

// Defines the stderr capturer:
//   CaptureStdout     - starts capturing stdout.
//   GetCapturedStdout - stops capturing stdout and returns the captured string.
//   CaptureStderr     - starts capturing stderr.
//   GetCapturedStderr - stops capturing stderr and returns the captured string.
//
GTEST_API_ void CaptureStdout();
GTEST_API_ std::string GetCapturedStdout();
GTEST_API_ void CaptureStderr();
GTEST_API_ std::string GetCapturedStderr();

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
// Returns the size (in bytes) of a file.
GTEST_API_ size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file);

// Reads the entire content of a file as a string.
GTEST_API_ std::string ReadEntireFile(FILE* file);

// All command line arguments.
GTEST_API_ std::vector<std::string> GetArgvs();

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

std::vector<std::string> GetInjectableArgvs();
// Deprecated: pass the args vector by value instead.
void SetInjectableArgvs(const std::vector<std::string>* new_argvs);
void SetInjectableArgvs(const std::vector<std::string>& new_argvs);
void ClearInjectableArgvs();

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

// Defines synchronization primitives.
#if GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
// Provides leak-safe Windows kernel handle ownership.
// Used in death tests and in threading support.
class GTEST_API_ AutoHandle {
 public:
  // Assume that Win32 HANDLE type is equivalent to void*. Doing so allows us to
  // avoid including <windows.h> in this header file. Including <windows.h> is
  // undesirable because it defines a lot of symbols and macros that tend to
  // conflict with client code. This assumption is verified by
  // WindowsTypesTest.HANDLEIsVoidStar.
  typedef void* Handle;
  AutoHandle();
  explicit AutoHandle(Handle handle);

  ~AutoHandle();

  Handle Get() const;
  void Reset();
  void Reset(Handle handle);

 private:
  // Returns true if and only if the handle is a valid handle object that can be
  // closed.
  bool IsCloseable() const;

  Handle handle_;

  AutoHandle(const AutoHandle&) = delete;
  AutoHandle& operator=(const AutoHandle&) = delete;
};
#endif

#if GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_
// Notification has already been imported into the namespace.
// Nothing to do here.

#else
GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

// Allows a controller thread to pause execution of newly created
// threads until notified.  Instances of this class must be created
// and destroyed in the controller thread.
//
// This class is only for testing Google Test's own constructs. Do not
// use it in user tests, either directly or indirectly.
// TODO(b/203539622): Replace unconditionally with absl::Notification.
class GTEST_API_ Notification {
 public:
  Notification() : notified_(false) {}
  Notification(const Notification&) = delete;
  Notification& operator=(const Notification&) = delete;

  // Notifies all threads created with this notification to start. Must
  // be called from the controller thread.
  void Notify() {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mu_);
    notified_ = true;
    cv_.notify_all();
  }

  // Blocks until the controller thread notifies. Must be called from a test
  // thread.
  void WaitForNotification() {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mu_);
    cv_.wait(lock, [this]() { return notified_; });
  }

 private:
  std::mutex mu_;
  std::condition_variable cv_;
  bool notified_;
};
GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  // 4251
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_

// On MinGW, we can have both GTEST_OS_WINDOWS and GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
// defined, but we don't want to use MinGW's pthreads implementation, which
// has conformance problems with some versions of the POSIX standard.
#if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW

// As a C-function, ThreadFuncWithCLinkage cannot be templated itself.
// Consequently, it cannot select a correct instantiation of ThreadWithParam
// in order to call its Run(). Introducing ThreadWithParamBase as a
// non-templated base class for ThreadWithParam allows us to bypass this
// problem.
class ThreadWithParamBase {
 public:
  virtual ~ThreadWithParamBase() {}
  virtual void Run() = 0;
};

// pthread_create() accepts a pointer to a function type with the C linkage.
// According to the Standard (7.5/1), function types with different linkages
// are different even if they are otherwise identical.  Some compilers (for
// example, SunStudio) treat them as different types.  Since class methods
// cannot be defined with C-linkage we need to define a free C-function to
// pass into pthread_create().
extern "C" inline void* ThreadFuncWithCLinkage(void* thread) {
  static_cast<ThreadWithParamBase*>(thread)->Run();
  return nullptr;
}

// Helper class for testing Google Test's multi-threading constructs.
// To use it, write:
//
//   void ThreadFunc(int param) { /* Do things with param */ }
//   Notification thread_can_start;
//   ...
//   // The thread_can_start parameter is optional; you can supply NULL.
//   ThreadWithParam<int> thread(&ThreadFunc, 5, &thread_can_start);
//   thread_can_start.Notify();
//
// These classes are only for testing Google Test's own constructs. Do
// not use them in user tests, either directly or indirectly.
template <typename T>
class ThreadWithParam : public ThreadWithParamBase {
 public:
  typedef void UserThreadFunc(T);

  ThreadWithParam(UserThreadFunc* func, T param, Notification* thread_can_start)
      : func_(func),
        param_(param),
        thread_can_start_(thread_can_start),
        finished_(false) {
    ThreadWithParamBase* const base = this;
    // The thread can be created only after all fields except thread_
    // have been initialized.
    GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(
        pthread_create(&thread_, nullptr, &ThreadFuncWithCLinkage, base));
  }
  ~ThreadWithParam() override { Join(); }

  void Join() {
    if (!finished_) {
      GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_join(thread_, nullptr));
      finished_ = true;
    }
  }

  void Run() override {
    if (thread_can_start_ != nullptr) thread_can_start_->WaitForNotification();
    func_(param_);
  }

 private:
  UserThreadFunc* const func_;  // User-supplied thread function.
  const T param_;  // User-supplied parameter to the thread function.
  // When non-NULL, used to block execution until the controller thread
  // notifies.
  Notification* const thread_can_start_;
  bool finished_;  // true if and only if we know that the thread function has
                   // finished.
  pthread_t thread_;  // The native thread object.

  ThreadWithParam(const ThreadWithParam&) = delete;
  ThreadWithParam& operator=(const ThreadWithParam&) = delete;
};
#endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD ||
        // GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_

#if GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_
// Mutex and ThreadLocal have already been imported into the namespace.
// Nothing to do here.

#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT

// Mutex implements mutex on Windows platforms.  It is used in conjunction
// with class MutexLock:
//
//   Mutex mutex;
//   ...
//   MutexLock lock(&mutex);  // Acquires the mutex and releases it at the
//                            // end of the current scope.
//
// A static Mutex *must* be defined or declared using one of the following
// macros:
//   GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_some_mutex);
//   GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_some_mutex);
//
// (A non-static Mutex is defined/declared in the usual way).
class GTEST_API_ Mutex {
 public:
  enum MutexType { kStatic = 0, kDynamic = 1 };
  // We rely on kStaticMutex being 0 as it is to what the linker initializes
  // type_ in static mutexes.  critical_section_ will be initialized lazily
  // in ThreadSafeLazyInit().
  enum StaticConstructorSelector { kStaticMutex = 0 };

  // This constructor intentionally does nothing.  It relies on type_ being
  // statically initialized to 0 (effectively setting it to kStatic) and on
  // ThreadSafeLazyInit() to lazily initialize the rest of the members.
  explicit Mutex(StaticConstructorSelector /*dummy*/) {}

  Mutex();
  ~Mutex();

  void Lock();

  void Unlock();

  // Does nothing if the current thread holds the mutex. Otherwise, crashes
  // with high probability.
  void AssertHeld();

 private:
  // Initializes owner_thread_id_ and critical_section_ in static mutexes.
  void ThreadSafeLazyInit();

  // Per https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20040223-00/?p=40503,
  // we assume that 0 is an invalid value for thread IDs.
  unsigned int owner_thread_id_;

  // For static mutexes, we rely on these members being initialized to zeros
  // by the linker.
  MutexType type_;
  long critical_section_init_phase_;  // NOLINT
  GTEST_CRITICAL_SECTION* critical_section_;

  Mutex(const Mutex&) = delete;
  Mutex& operator=(const Mutex&) = delete;
};

#define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
  extern ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex

#define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
  ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex(::testing::internal::Mutex::kStaticMutex)

// We cannot name this class MutexLock because the ctor declaration would
// conflict with a macro named MutexLock, which is defined on some
// platforms. That macro is used as a defensive measure to prevent against
// inadvertent misuses of MutexLock like "MutexLock(&mu)" rather than
// "MutexLock l(&mu)".  Hence the typedef trick below.
class GTestMutexLock {
 public:
  explicit GTestMutexLock(Mutex* mutex) : mutex_(mutex) { mutex_->Lock(); }

  ~GTestMutexLock() { mutex_->Unlock(); }

 private:
  Mutex* const mutex_;

  GTestMutexLock(const GTestMutexLock&) = delete;
  GTestMutexLock& operator=(const GTestMutexLock&) = delete;
};

typedef GTestMutexLock MutexLock;

// Base class for ValueHolder<T>.  Allows a caller to hold and delete a value
// without knowing its type.
class ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
 public:
  virtual ~ThreadLocalValueHolderBase() {}
};

// Provides a way for a thread to send notifications to a ThreadLocal
// regardless of its parameter type.
class ThreadLocalBase {
 public:
  // Creates a new ValueHolder<T> object holding a default value passed to
  // this ThreadLocal<T>'s constructor and returns it.  It is the caller's
  // responsibility not to call this when the ThreadLocal<T> instance already
  // has a value on the current thread.
  virtual ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* NewValueForCurrentThread() const = 0;

 protected:
  ThreadLocalBase() {}
  virtual ~ThreadLocalBase() {}

 private:
  ThreadLocalBase(const ThreadLocalBase&) = delete;
  ThreadLocalBase& operator=(const ThreadLocalBase&) = delete;
};

// Maps a thread to a set of ThreadLocals that have values instantiated on that
// thread and notifies them when the thread exits.  A ThreadLocal instance is
// expected to persist until all threads it has values on have terminated.
class GTEST_API_ ThreadLocalRegistry {
 public:
  // Registers thread_local_instance as having value on the current thread.
  // Returns a value that can be used to identify the thread from other threads.
  static ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* GetValueOnCurrentThread(
      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance);

  // Invoked when a ThreadLocal instance is destroyed.
  static void OnThreadLocalDestroyed(
      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance);
};

class GTEST_API_ ThreadWithParamBase {
 public:
  void Join();

 protected:
  class Runnable {
   public:
    virtual ~Runnable() {}
    virtual void Run() = 0;
  };

  ThreadWithParamBase(Runnable* runnable, Notification* thread_can_start);
  virtual ~ThreadWithParamBase();

 private:
  AutoHandle thread_;
};

// Helper class for testing Google Test's multi-threading constructs.
template <typename T>
class ThreadWithParam : public ThreadWithParamBase {
 public:
  typedef void UserThreadFunc(T);

  ThreadWithParam(UserThreadFunc* func, T param, Notification* thread_can_start)
      : ThreadWithParamBase(new RunnableImpl(func, param), thread_can_start) {}
  virtual ~ThreadWithParam() {}

 private:
  class RunnableImpl : public Runnable {
   public:
    RunnableImpl(UserThreadFunc* func, T param) : func_(func), param_(param) {}
    virtual ~RunnableImpl() {}
    virtual void Run() { func_(param_); }

   private:
    UserThreadFunc* const func_;
    const T param_;

    RunnableImpl(const RunnableImpl&) = delete;
    RunnableImpl& operator=(const RunnableImpl&) = delete;
  };

  ThreadWithParam(const ThreadWithParam&) = delete;
  ThreadWithParam& operator=(const ThreadWithParam&) = delete;
};

// Implements thread-local storage on Windows systems.
//
//   // Thread 1
//   ThreadLocal<int> tl(100);  // 100 is the default value for each thread.
//
//   // Thread 2
//   tl.set(150);  // Changes the value for thread 2 only.
//   EXPECT_EQ(150, tl.get());
//
//   // Thread 1
//   EXPECT_EQ(100, tl.get());  // In thread 1, tl has the original value.
//   tl.set(200);
//   EXPECT_EQ(200, tl.get());
//
// The template type argument T must have a public copy constructor.
// In addition, the default ThreadLocal constructor requires T to have
// a public default constructor.
//
// The users of a TheadLocal instance have to make sure that all but one
// threads (including the main one) using that instance have exited before
// destroying it. Otherwise, the per-thread objects managed for them by the
// ThreadLocal instance are not guaranteed to be destroyed on all platforms.
//
// Google Test only uses global ThreadLocal objects.  That means they
// will die after main() has returned.  Therefore, no per-thread
// object managed by Google Test will be leaked as long as all threads
// using Google Test have exited when main() returns.
template <typename T>
class ThreadLocal : public ThreadLocalBase {
 public:
  ThreadLocal() : default_factory_(new DefaultValueHolderFactory()) {}
  explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value)
      : default_factory_(new InstanceValueHolderFactory(value)) {}

  ~ThreadLocal() override { ThreadLocalRegistry::OnThreadLocalDestroyed(this); }

  T* pointer() { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
  const T* pointer() const { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
  const T& get() const { return *pointer(); }
  void set(const T& value) { *pointer() = value; }

 private:
  // Holds a value of T.  Can be deleted via its base class without the caller
  // knowing the type of T.
  class ValueHolder : public ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
   public:
    ValueHolder() : value_() {}
    explicit ValueHolder(const T& value) : value_(value) {}

    T* pointer() { return &value_; }

   private:
    T value_;
    ValueHolder(const ValueHolder&) = delete;
    ValueHolder& operator=(const ValueHolder&) = delete;
  };

  T* GetOrCreateValue() const {
    return static_cast<ValueHolder*>(
               ThreadLocalRegistry::GetValueOnCurrentThread(this))
        ->pointer();
  }

  ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* NewValueForCurrentThread() const override {
    return default_factory_->MakeNewHolder();
  }

  class ValueHolderFactory {
   public:
    ValueHolderFactory() {}
    virtual ~ValueHolderFactory() {}
    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const = 0;

   private:
    ValueHolderFactory(const ValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
    ValueHolderFactory& operator=(const ValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
  };

  class DefaultValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
   public:
    DefaultValueHolderFactory() {}
    ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const override { return new ValueHolder(); }

   private:
    DefaultValueHolderFactory(const DefaultValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
    DefaultValueHolderFactory& operator=(const DefaultValueHolderFactory&) =
        delete;
  };

  class InstanceValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
   public:
    explicit InstanceValueHolderFactory(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
    ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const override {
      return new ValueHolder(value_);
    }

   private:
    const T value_;  // The value for each thread.

    InstanceValueHolderFactory(const InstanceValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
    InstanceValueHolderFactory& operator=(const InstanceValueHolderFactory&) =
        delete;
  };

  std::unique_ptr<ValueHolderFactory> default_factory_;

  ThreadLocal(const ThreadLocal&) = delete;
  ThreadLocal& operator=(const ThreadLocal&) = delete;
};

#elif GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD

// MutexBase and Mutex implement mutex on pthreads-based platforms.
class MutexBase {
 public:
  // Acquires this mutex.
  void Lock() {
    GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_));
    owner_ = pthread_self();
    has_owner_ = true;
  }

  // Releases this mutex.
  void Unlock() {
    // Since the lock is being released the owner_ field should no longer be
    // considered valid. We don't protect writing to has_owner_ here, as it's
    // the caller's responsibility to ensure that the current thread holds the
    // mutex when this is called.
    has_owner_ = false;
    GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_));
  }

  // Does nothing if the current thread holds the mutex. Otherwise, crashes
  // with high probability.
  void AssertHeld() const {
    GTEST_CHECK_(has_owner_ && pthread_equal(owner_, pthread_self()))
        << "The current thread is not holding the mutex @" << this;
  }

  // A static mutex may be used before main() is entered.  It may even
  // be used before the dynamic initialization stage.  Therefore we
  // must be able to initialize a static mutex object at link time.
  // This means MutexBase has to be a POD and its member variables
  // have to be public.
 public:
  pthread_mutex_t mutex_;  // The underlying pthread mutex.
  // has_owner_ indicates whether the owner_ field below contains a valid thread
  // ID and is therefore safe to inspect (e.g., to use in pthread_equal()). All
  // accesses to the owner_ field should be protected by a check of this field.
  // An alternative might be to memset() owner_ to all zeros, but there's no
  // guarantee that a zero'd pthread_t is necessarily invalid or even different
  // from pthread_self().
  bool has_owner_;
  pthread_t owner_;  // The thread holding the mutex.
};

// Forward-declares a static mutex.
#define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
  extern ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex

// Defines and statically (i.e. at link time) initializes a static mutex.
// The initialization list here does not explicitly initialize each field,
// instead relying on default initialization for the unspecified fields. In
// particular, the owner_ field (a pthread_t) is not explicitly initialized.
// This allows initialization to work whether pthread_t is a scalar or struct.
// The flag -Wmissing-field-initializers must not be specified for this to work.
#define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
  ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex = {PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER, false, 0}

// The Mutex class can only be used for mutexes created at runtime. It
// shares its API with MutexBase otherwise.
class Mutex : public MutexBase {
 public:
  Mutex() {
    GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_init(&mutex_, nullptr));
    has_owner_ = false;
  }
  ~Mutex() { GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex_)); }

 private:
  Mutex(const Mutex&) = delete;
  Mutex& operator=(const Mutex&) = delete;
};

// We cannot name this class MutexLock because the ctor declaration would
// conflict with a macro named MutexLock, which is defined on some
// platforms. That macro is used as a defensive measure to prevent against
// inadvertent misuses of MutexLock like "MutexLock(&mu)" rather than
// "MutexLock l(&mu)".  Hence the typedef trick below.
class GTestMutexLock {
 public:
  explicit GTestMutexLock(MutexBase* mutex) : mutex_(mutex) { mutex_->Lock(); }

  ~GTestMutexLock() { mutex_->Unlock(); }

 private:
  MutexBase* const mutex_;

  GTestMutexLock(const GTestMutexLock&) = delete;
  GTestMutexLock& operator=(const GTestMutexLock&) = delete;
};

typedef GTestMutexLock MutexLock;

// Helpers for ThreadLocal.

// pthread_key_create() requires DeleteThreadLocalValue() to have
// C-linkage.  Therefore it cannot be templatized to access
// ThreadLocal<T>.  Hence the need for class
// ThreadLocalValueHolderBase.
class ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
 public:
  virtual ~ThreadLocalValueHolderBase() {}
};

// Called by pthread to delete thread-local data stored by
// pthread_setspecific().
extern "C" inline void DeleteThreadLocalValue(void* value_holder) {
  delete static_cast<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase*>(value_holder);
}

// Implements thread-local storage on pthreads-based systems.
template <typename T>
class GTEST_API_ ThreadLocal {
 public:
  ThreadLocal()
      : key_(CreateKey()), default_factory_(new DefaultValueHolderFactory()) {}
  explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value)
      : key_(CreateKey()),
        default_factory_(new InstanceValueHolderFactory(value)) {}

  ~ThreadLocal() {
    // Destroys the managed object for the current thread, if any.
    DeleteThreadLocalValue(pthread_getspecific(key_));

    // Releases resources associated with the key.  This will *not*
    // delete managed objects for other threads.
    GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_key_delete(key_));
  }

  T* pointer() { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
  const T* pointer() const { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
  const T& get() const { return *pointer(); }
  void set(const T& value) { *pointer() = value; }

 private:
  // Holds a value of type T.
  class ValueHolder : public ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
   public:
    ValueHolder() : value_() {}
    explicit ValueHolder(const T& value) : value_(value) {}

    T* pointer() { return &value_; }

   private:
    T value_;
    ValueHolder(const ValueHolder&) = delete;
    ValueHolder& operator=(const ValueHolder&) = delete;
  };

  static pthread_key_t CreateKey() {
    pthread_key_t key;
    // When a thread exits, DeleteThreadLocalValue() will be called on
    // the object managed for that thread.
    GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(
        pthread_key_create(&key, &DeleteThreadLocalValue));
    return key;
  }

  T* GetOrCreateValue() const {
    ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* const holder =
        static_cast<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase*>(pthread_getspecific(key_));
    if (holder != nullptr) {
      return CheckedDowncastToActualType<ValueHolder>(holder)->pointer();
    }

    ValueHolder* const new_holder = default_factory_->MakeNewHolder();
    ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* const holder_base = new_holder;
    GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_setspecific(key_, holder_base));
    return new_holder->pointer();
  }

  class ValueHolderFactory {
   public:
    ValueHolderFactory() {}
    virtual ~ValueHolderFactory() {}
    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const = 0;

   private:
    ValueHolderFactory(const ValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
    ValueHolderFactory& operator=(const ValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
  };

  class DefaultValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
   public:
    DefaultValueHolderFactory() {}
    ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const override { return new ValueHolder(); }

   private:
    DefaultValueHolderFactory(const DefaultValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
    DefaultValueHolderFactory& operator=(const DefaultValueHolderFactory&) =
        delete;
  };

  class InstanceValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
   public:
    explicit InstanceValueHolderFactory(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
    ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const override {
      return new ValueHolder(value_);
    }

   private:
    const T value_;  // The value for each thread.

    InstanceValueHolderFactory(const InstanceValueHolderFactory&) = delete;
    InstanceValueHolderFactory& operator=(const InstanceValueHolderFactory&) =
        delete;
  };

  // A key pthreads uses for looking up per-thread values.
  const pthread_key_t key_;
  std::unique_ptr<ValueHolderFactory> default_factory_;

  ThreadLocal(const ThreadLocal&) = delete;
  ThreadLocal& operator=(const ThreadLocal&) = delete;
};

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_

#else  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE

// A dummy implementation of synchronization primitives (mutex, lock,
// and thread-local variable).  Necessary for compiling Google Test where
// mutex is not supported - using Google Test in multiple threads is not
// supported on such platforms.

class Mutex {
 public:
  Mutex() {}
  void Lock() {}
  void Unlock() {}
  void AssertHeld() const {}
};

#define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
  extern ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex

#define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex

// We cannot name this class MutexLock because the ctor declaration would
// conflict with a macro named MutexLock, which is defined on some
// platforms. That macro is used as a defensive measure to prevent against
// inadvertent misuses of MutexLock like "MutexLock(&mu)" rather than
// "MutexLock l(&mu)".  Hence the typedef trick below.
class GTestMutexLock {
 public:
  explicit GTestMutexLock(Mutex*) {}  // NOLINT
};

typedef GTestMutexLock MutexLock;

template <typename T>
class GTEST_API_ ThreadLocal {
 public:
  ThreadLocal() : value_() {}
  explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
  T* pointer() { return &value_; }
  const T* pointer() const { return &value_; }
  const T& get() const { return value_; }
  void set(const T& value) { value_ = value; }

 private:
  T value_;
};

#endif  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE

// Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
// we cannot detect it.
GTEST_API_ size_t GetThreadCount();

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#define GTEST_PATH_SEP_ "\\"
#define GTEST_HAS_ALT_PATH_SEP_ 1
#else
#define GTEST_PATH_SEP_ "/"
#define GTEST_HAS_ALT_PATH_SEP_ 0
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Utilities for char.

// isspace(int ch) and friends accept an unsigned char or EOF.  char
// may be signed, depending on the compiler (or compiler flags).
// Therefore we need to cast a char to unsigned char before calling
// isspace(), etc.

inline bool IsAlpha(char ch) {
  return isalpha(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
inline bool IsAlNum(char ch) {
  return isalnum(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
inline bool IsDigit(char ch) {
  return isdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
inline bool IsLower(char ch) {
  return islower(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
inline bool IsSpace(char ch) {
  return isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
inline bool IsUpper(char ch) {
  return isupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
inline bool IsXDigit(char ch) {
  return isxdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
inline bool IsXDigit(char8_t ch) {
  return isxdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
}
#endif
inline bool IsXDigit(char16_t ch) {
  const unsigned char low_byte = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
  return ch == low_byte && isxdigit(low_byte) != 0;
}
inline bool IsXDigit(char32_t ch) {
  const unsigned char low_byte = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
  return ch == low_byte && isxdigit(low_byte) != 0;
}
inline bool IsXDigit(wchar_t ch) {
  const unsigned char low_byte = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
  return ch == low_byte && isxdigit(low_byte) != 0;
}

inline char ToLower(char ch) {
  return static_cast<char>(tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)));
}
inline char ToUpper(char ch) {
  return static_cast<char>(toupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)));
}

inline std::string StripTrailingSpaces(std::string str) {
  std::string::iterator it = str.end();
  while (it != str.begin() && IsSpace(*--it)) it = str.erase(it);
  return str;
}

// The testing::internal::posix namespace holds wrappers for common
// POSIX functions.  These wrappers hide the differences between
// Windows/MSVC and POSIX systems.  Since some compilers define these
// standard functions as macros, the wrapper cannot have the same name
// as the wrapped function.

namespace posix {

// Functions with a different name on Windows.

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

typedef struct _stat StatStruct;

#ifdef __BORLANDC__
inline int DoIsATTY(int fd) { return isatty(fd); }
inline int StrCaseCmp(const char* s1, const char* s2) {
  return stricmp(s1, s2);
}
inline char* StrDup(const char* src) { return strdup(src); }
#else  // !__BORLANDC__
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_ZOS || GTEST_OS_IOS || \
    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || defined(ESP_PLATFORM)
inline int DoIsATTY(int /* fd */) { return 0; }
#else
inline int DoIsATTY(int fd) { return _isatty(fd); }
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
inline int StrCaseCmp(const char* s1, const char* s2) {
  return _stricmp(s1, s2);
}
inline char* StrDup(const char* src) { return _strdup(src); }
#endif  // __BORLANDC__

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return reinterpret_cast<int>(_fileno(file)); }
// Stat(), RmDir(), and IsDir() are not needed on Windows CE at this
// time and thus not defined there.
#else
inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return _fileno(file); }
inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) { return _stat(path, buf); }
inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return _rmdir(dir); }
inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) { return (_S_IFDIR & st.st_mode) != 0; }
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

#elif GTEST_OS_ESP8266
typedef struct stat StatStruct;

inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return fileno(file); }
inline int DoIsATTY(int fd) { return isatty(fd); }
inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) {
  // stat function not implemented on ESP8266
  return 0;
}
inline int StrCaseCmp(const char* s1, const char* s2) {
  return strcasecmp(s1, s2);
}
inline char* StrDup(const char* src) { return strdup(src); }
inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return rmdir(dir); }
inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) { return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); }

#else

typedef struct stat StatStruct;

inline int FileNo(FILE* file) { return fileno(file); }
inline int DoIsATTY(int fd) { return isatty(fd); }
inline int Stat(const char* path, StatStruct* buf) { return stat(path, buf); }
inline int StrCaseCmp(const char* s1, const char* s2) {
  return strcasecmp(s1, s2);
}
inline char* StrDup(const char* src) { return strdup(src); }
inline int RmDir(const char* dir) { return rmdir(dir); }
inline bool IsDir(const StatStruct& st) { return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); }

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

inline int IsATTY(int fd) {
  // DoIsATTY might change errno (for example ENOTTY in case you redirect stdout
  // to a file on Linux), which is unexpected, so save the previous value, and
  // restore it after the call.
  int savedErrno = errno;
  int isAttyValue = DoIsATTY(fd);
  errno = savedErrno;

  return isAttyValue;
}

// Functions deprecated by MSVC 8.0.

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_PUSH_()

// ChDir(), FReopen(), FDOpen(), Read(), Write(), Close(), and
// StrError() aren't needed on Windows CE at this time and thus not
// defined there.

#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && \
    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT && !GTEST_OS_ESP8266 && !GTEST_OS_XTENSA
inline int ChDir(const char* dir) { return chdir(dir); }
#endif
inline FILE* FOpen(const char* path, const char* mode) {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
  struct wchar_codecvt : public std::codecvt<wchar_t, char, std::mbstate_t> {};
  std::wstring_convert<wchar_codecvt> converter;
  std::wstring wide_path = converter.from_bytes(path);
  std::wstring wide_mode = converter.from_bytes(mode);
  return _wfopen(wide_path.c_str(), wide_mode.c_str());
#else   // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
  return fopen(path, mode);
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
}
#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
inline FILE* FReopen(const char* path, const char* mode, FILE* stream) {
  return freopen(path, mode, stream);
}
inline FILE* FDOpen(int fd, const char* mode) { return fdopen(fd, mode); }
#endif
inline int FClose(FILE* fp) { return fclose(fp); }
#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
inline int Read(int fd, void* buf, unsigned int count) {
  return static_cast<int>(read(fd, buf, count));
}
inline int Write(int fd, const void* buf, unsigned int count) {
  return static_cast<int>(write(fd, buf, count));
}
inline int Close(int fd) { return close(fd); }
inline const char* StrError(int errnum) { return strerror(errnum); }
#endif
inline const char* GetEnv(const char* name) {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || \
    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA
  // We are on an embedded platform, which has no environment variables.
  static_cast<void>(name);  // To prevent 'unused argument' warning.
  return nullptr;
#elif defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__SunOS_5_8) || defined(__SunOS_5_9)
  // Environment variables which we programmatically clear will be set to the
  // empty string rather than unset (NULL).  Handle that case.
  const char* const env = getenv(name);
  return (env != nullptr && env[0] != '\0') ? env : nullptr;
#else
  return getenv(name);
#endif
}

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_POP_()

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
// Windows CE has no C library. The abort() function is used in
// several places in Google Test. This implementation provides a reasonable
// imitation of standard behaviour.
[[noreturn]] void Abort();
#else
[[noreturn]] inline void Abort() { abort(); }
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

}  // namespace posix

// MSVC "deprecates" snprintf and issues warnings wherever it is used.  In
// order to avoid these warnings, we need to use _snprintf or _snprintf_s on
// MSVC-based platforms.  We map the GTEST_SNPRINTF_ macro to the appropriate
// function in order to achieve that.  We use macro definition here because
// snprintf is a variadic function.
#if _MSC_VER && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
// MSVC 2005 and above support variadic macros.
#define GTEST_SNPRINTF_(buffer, size, format, ...) \
  _snprintf_s(buffer, size, size, format, __VA_ARGS__)
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
// Windows CE does not define _snprintf_s
#define GTEST_SNPRINTF_ _snprintf
#else
#define GTEST_SNPRINTF_ snprintf
#endif

// The biggest signed integer type the compiler supports.
//
// long long is guaranteed to be at least 64-bits in C++11.
using BiggestInt = long long;  // NOLINT

// The maximum number a BiggestInt can represent.
constexpr BiggestInt kMaxBiggestInt = (std::numeric_limits<BiggestInt>::max)();

// This template class serves as a compile-time function from size to
// type.  It maps a size in bytes to a primitive type with that
// size. e.g.
//
//   TypeWithSize<4>::UInt
//
// is typedef-ed to be unsigned int (unsigned integer made up of 4
// bytes).
//
// Such functionality should belong to STL, but I cannot find it
// there.
//
// Google Test uses this class in the implementation of floating-point
// comparison.
//
// For now it only handles UInt (unsigned int) as that's all Google Test
// needs.  Other types can be easily added in the future if need
// arises.
template <size_t size>
class TypeWithSize {
 public:
  // This prevents the user from using TypeWithSize<N> with incorrect
  // values of N.
  using UInt = void;
};

// The specialization for size 4.
template <>
class TypeWithSize<4> {
 public:
  using Int = std::int32_t;
  using UInt = std::uint32_t;
};

// The specialization for size 8.
template <>
class TypeWithSize<8> {
 public:
  using Int = std::int64_t;
  using UInt = std::uint64_t;
};

// Integer types of known sizes.
using TimeInMillis = int64_t;  // Represents time in milliseconds.

// Utilities for command line flags and environment variables.

// Macro for referencing flags.
#if !defined(GTEST_FLAG)
#define GTEST_FLAG_NAME_(name) gtest_##name
#define GTEST_FLAG(name) FLAGS_gtest_##name
#endif  // !defined(GTEST_FLAG)

// Pick a command line flags implementation.
#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL

// Macros for defining flags.
#define GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc) \
  ABSL_FLAG(bool, GTEST_FLAG_NAME_(name), default_val, doc)
#define GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(name, default_val, doc) \
  ABSL_FLAG(int32_t, GTEST_FLAG_NAME_(name), default_val, doc)
#define GTEST_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc) \
  ABSL_FLAG(std::string, GTEST_FLAG_NAME_(name), default_val, doc)

// Macros for declaring flags.
#define GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(name) \
  ABSL_DECLARE_FLAG(bool, GTEST_FLAG_NAME_(name))
#define GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(name) \
  ABSL_DECLARE_FLAG(int32_t, GTEST_FLAG_NAME_(name))
#define GTEST_DECLARE_string_(name) \
  ABSL_DECLARE_FLAG(std::string, GTEST_FLAG_NAME_(name))

#define GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_ ::absl::FlagSaver

#define GTEST_FLAG_GET(name) ::absl::GetFlag(GTEST_FLAG(name))
#define GTEST_FLAG_SET(name, value) \
  (void)(::absl::SetFlag(&GTEST_FLAG(name), value))
#define GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_ 0

#else  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

// Macros for defining flags.
#define GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc)  \
  namespace testing {                               \
  GTEST_API_ bool GTEST_FLAG(name) = (default_val); \
  }                                                 \
  static_assert(true, "no-op to require trailing semicolon")
#define GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(name, default_val, doc)         \
  namespace testing {                                       \
  GTEST_API_ std::int32_t GTEST_FLAG(name) = (default_val); \
  }                                                         \
  static_assert(true, "no-op to require trailing semicolon")
#define GTEST_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc)         \
  namespace testing {                                        \
  GTEST_API_ ::std::string GTEST_FLAG(name) = (default_val); \
  }                                                          \
  static_assert(true, "no-op to require trailing semicolon")

// Macros for declaring flags.
#define GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(name)          \
  namespace testing {                      \
  GTEST_API_ extern bool GTEST_FLAG(name); \
  }                                        \
  static_assert(true, "no-op to require trailing semicolon")
#define GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(name)                 \
  namespace testing {                              \
  GTEST_API_ extern std::int32_t GTEST_FLAG(name); \
  }                                                \
  static_assert(true, "no-op to require trailing semicolon")
#define GTEST_DECLARE_string_(name)                 \
  namespace testing {                               \
  GTEST_API_ extern ::std::string GTEST_FLAG(name); \
  }                                                 \
  static_assert(true, "no-op to require trailing semicolon")

#define GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_ ::testing::internal::GTestFlagSaver

#define GTEST_FLAG_GET(name) ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(name)
#define GTEST_FLAG_SET(name, value) (void)(::testing::GTEST_FLAG(name) = value)
#define GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_ 1

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

// Thread annotations
#if !defined(GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_)
#define GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)
#define GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)
#endif  // !defined(GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_)

// Parses 'str' for a 32-bit signed integer.  If successful, writes the result
// to *value and returns true; otherwise leaves *value unchanged and returns
// false.
GTEST_API_ bool ParseInt32(const Message& src_text, const char* str,
                           int32_t* value);

// Parses a bool/int32_t/string from the environment variable
// corresponding to the given Google Test flag.
bool BoolFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, bool default_val);
GTEST_API_ int32_t Int32FromGTestEnv(const char* flag, int32_t default_val);
std::string OutputFlagAlsoCheckEnvVar();
const char* StringFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, const char* default_val);

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

#if !defined(GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED)

// Internal Macro to mark an API deprecated, for googletest usage only
// Usage: class GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(message) MyClass or
// GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(message) <return_type> myFunction(); Every usage of
// a deprecated entity will trigger a warning when compiled with
// `-Wdeprecated-declarations` option (clang, gcc, any __GNUC__ compiler).
// For msvc /W3 option will need to be used
// Note that for 'other' compilers this macro evaluates to nothing to prevent
// compilations errors.
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(message) __declspec(deprecated(message))
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(message) __attribute__((deprecated(message)))
#else
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED(message)
#endif

#endif  // !defined(GTEST_INTERNAL_DEPRECATED)

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
// Always use absl::any for UniversalPrinter<> specializations if googletest
// is built with absl support.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ANY 1
#include "absl/types/any.h"
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
using Any = ::absl::any;
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
#else
#ifdef __has_include
#if __has_include(<any>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
// Otherwise for C++17 and higher use std::any for UniversalPrinter<>
// specializations.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ANY 1
#include <any>
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
using Any = ::std::any;
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
// The case where absl is configured NOT to alias std::any is not
// supported.
#endif  // __has_include(<any>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
#endif  // __has_include
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
// Always use absl::optional for UniversalPrinter<> specializations if
// googletest is built with absl support.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_OPTIONAL 1
#include "absl/types/optional.h"
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
template <typename T>
using Optional = ::absl::optional<T>;
inline ::absl::nullopt_t Nullopt() { return ::absl::nullopt; }
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
#else
#ifdef __has_include
#if __has_include(<optional>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
// Otherwise for C++17 and higher use std::optional for UniversalPrinter<>
// specializations.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_OPTIONAL 1
#include <optional>
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
template <typename T>
using Optional = ::std::optional<T>;
inline ::std::nullopt_t Nullopt() { return ::std::nullopt; }
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
// The case where absl is configured NOT to alias std::optional is not
// supported.
#endif  // __has_include(<optional>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
#endif  // __has_include
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
// Always use absl::string_view for Matcher<> specializations if googletest
// is built with absl support.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW 1
#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
using StringView = ::absl::string_view;
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
#else
#ifdef __has_include
#if __has_include(<string_view>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
// Otherwise for C++17 and higher use std::string_view for Matcher<>
// specializations.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW 1
#include <string_view>
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
using StringView = ::std::string_view;
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
// The case where absl is configured NOT to alias std::string_view is not
// supported.
#endif  // __has_include(<string_view>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
#endif  // __has_include
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
// Always use absl::variant for UniversalPrinter<> specializations if googletest
// is built with absl support.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_VARIANT 1
#include "absl/types/variant.h"
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
template <typename... T>
using Variant = ::absl::variant<T...>;
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
#else
#ifdef __has_include
#if __has_include(<variant>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
// Otherwise for C++17 and higher use std::variant for UniversalPrinter<>
// specializations.
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_VARIANT 1
#include <variant>
namespace testing {
namespace internal {
template <typename... T>
using Variant = ::std::variant<T...>;
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing
// The case where absl is configured NOT to alias std::variant is not supported.
#endif  // __has_include(<variant>) && __cplusplus >= 201703L
#endif  // __has_include
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file declares the String class and functions used internally by
// Google Test.  They are subject to change without notice. They should not used
// by code external to Google Test.
//
// This header file is #included by gtest-internal.h.
// It should not be #included by other files.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_

#ifdef __BORLANDC__
// string.h is not guaranteed to provide strcpy on C++ Builder.
#include <mem.h>
#endif

#include <string.h>

#include <cstdint>
#include <string>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// String - an abstract class holding static string utilities.
class GTEST_API_ String {
 public:
  // Static utility methods

  // Clones a 0-terminated C string, allocating memory using new.  The
  // caller is responsible for deleting the return value using
  // delete[].  Returns the cloned string, or NULL if the input is
  // NULL.
  //
  // This is different from strdup() in string.h, which allocates
  // memory using malloc().
  static const char* CloneCString(const char* c_str);

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
  // Windows CE does not have the 'ANSI' versions of Win32 APIs. To be
  // able to pass strings to Win32 APIs on CE we need to convert them
  // to 'Unicode', UTF-16.

  // Creates a UTF-16 wide string from the given ANSI string, allocating
  // memory using new. The caller is responsible for deleting the return
  // value using delete[]. Returns the wide string, or NULL if the
  // input is NULL.
  //
  // The wide string is created using the ANSI codepage (CP_ACP) to
  // match the behaviour of the ANSI versions of Win32 calls and the
  // C runtime.
  static LPCWSTR AnsiToUtf16(const char* c_str);

  // Creates an ANSI string from the given wide string, allocating
  // memory using new. The caller is responsible for deleting the return
  // value using delete[]. Returns the ANSI string, or NULL if the
  // input is NULL.
  //
  // The returned string is created using the ANSI codepage (CP_ACP) to
  // match the behaviour of the ANSI versions of Win32 calls and the
  // C runtime.
  static const char* Utf16ToAnsi(LPCWSTR utf16_str);
#endif

  // Compares two C strings.  Returns true if and only if they have the same
  // content.
  //
  // Unlike strcmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A
  // NULL C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
  // including the empty string.
  static bool CStringEquals(const char* lhs, const char* rhs);

  // Converts a wide C string to a String using the UTF-8 encoding.
  // NULL will be converted to "(null)".  If an error occurred during
  // the conversion, "(failed to convert from wide string)" is
  // returned.
  static std::string ShowWideCString(const wchar_t* wide_c_str);

  // Compares two wide C strings.  Returns true if and only if they have the
  // same content.
  //
  // Unlike wcscmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A
  // NULL C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
  // including the empty string.
  static bool WideCStringEquals(const wchar_t* lhs, const wchar_t* rhs);

  // Compares two C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if and only if
  // they have the same content.
  //
  // Unlike strcasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).
  // A NULL C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
  // including the empty string.
  static bool CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(const char* lhs, const char* rhs);

  // Compares two wide C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if and only if
  // they have the same content.
  //
  // Unlike wcscasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).
  // A NULL C string is considered different to any non-NULL wide C string,
  // including the empty string.
  // NB: The implementations on different platforms slightly differ.
  // On windows, this method uses _wcsicmp which compares according to LC_CTYPE
  // environment variable. On GNU platform this method uses wcscasecmp
  // which compares according to LC_CTYPE category of the current locale.
  // On MacOS X, it uses towlower, which also uses LC_CTYPE category of the
  // current locale.
  static bool CaseInsensitiveWideCStringEquals(const wchar_t* lhs,
                                               const wchar_t* rhs);

  // Returns true if and only if the given string ends with the given suffix,
  // ignoring case. Any string is considered to end with an empty suffix.
  static bool EndsWithCaseInsensitive(const std::string& str,
                                      const std::string& suffix);

  // Formats an int value as "%02d".
  static std::string FormatIntWidth2(int value);  // "%02d" for width == 2

  // Formats an int value to given width with leading zeros.
  static std::string FormatIntWidthN(int value, int width);

  // Formats an int value as "%X".
  static std::string FormatHexInt(int value);

  // Formats an int value as "%X".
  static std::string FormatHexUInt32(uint32_t value);

  // Formats a byte as "%02X".
  static std::string FormatByte(unsigned char value);

 private:
  String();  // Not meant to be instantiated.
};           // class String

// Gets the content of the stringstream's buffer as an std::string.  Each '\0'
// character in the buffer is replaced with "\\0".
GTEST_API_ std::string StringStreamToString(::std::stringstream* stream);

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h
================================================
// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.
// All Rights Reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Type utilities needed for implementing typed and type-parameterized
// tests.

// IWYU pragma: private, include "gtest/gtest.h"
// IWYU pragma: friend gtest/.*
// IWYU pragma: friend gmock/.*

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

// #ifdef __GNUC__ is too general here.  It is possible to use gcc without using
// libstdc++ (which is where cxxabi.h comes from).
#if GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_
#include <cxxabi.h>
#elif defined(__HP_aCC)
#include <acxx_demangle.h>
#endif  // GTEST_HASH_CXXABI_H_

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// Canonicalizes a given name with respect to the Standard C++ Library.
// This handles removing the inline namespace within `std` that is
// used by various standard libraries (e.g., `std::__1`).  Names outside
// of namespace std are returned unmodified.
inline std::string CanonicalizeForStdLibVersioning(std::string s) {
  static const char prefix[] = "std::__";
  if (s.compare(0, strlen(prefix), prefix) == 0) {
    std::string::size_type end = s.find("::", strlen(prefix));
    if (end != s.npos) {
      // Erase everything between the initial `std` and the second `::`.
      s.erase(strlen("std"), end - strlen("std"));
    }
  }
  return s;
}

#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
// GetTypeName(const std::type_info&) returns a human-readable name of type T.
inline std::string GetTypeName(const std::type_info& type) {
  const char* const name = type.name();
#if GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ || defined(__HP_aCC)
  int status = 0;
  // gcc's implementation of typeid(T).name() mangles the type name,
  // so we have to demangle it.
#if GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_
  using abi::__cxa_demangle;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_
  char* const readable_name = __cxa_demangle(name, nullptr, nullptr, &status);
  const std::string name_str(status == 0 ? readable_name : name);
  free(readable_name);
  return CanonicalizeForStdLibVersioning(name_str);
#else
  return name;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_CXXABI_H_ || __HP_aCC
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI

// GetTypeName<T>() returns a human-readable name of type T if and only if
// RTTI is enabled, otherwise it returns a dummy type name.
// NB: This function is also used in Google Mock, so don't move it inside of
// the typed-test-only section below.
template <typename T>
std::string GetTypeName() {
#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
  return GetTypeName(typeid(T));
#else
  return "<type>";
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
}

// A unique type indicating an empty node
struct None {};

#define GTEST_TEMPLATE_ \
  template <typename T> \
  class

// The template "selector" struct TemplateSel<Tmpl> is used to
// represent Tmpl, which must be a class template with one type
// parameter, as a type.  TemplateSel<Tmpl>::Bind<T>::type is defined
// as the type Tmpl<T>.  This allows us to actually instantiate the
// template "selected" by TemplateSel<Tmpl>.
//
// This trick is necessary for simulating typedef for class templates,
// which C++ doesn't support directly.
template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Tmpl>
struct TemplateSel {
  template <typename T>
  struct Bind {
    typedef Tmpl<T> type;
  };
};

#define GTEST_BIND_(TmplSel, T) TmplSel::template Bind<T>::type

template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Head_, GTEST_TEMPLATE_... Tail_>
struct Templates {
  using Head = TemplateSel<Head_>;
  using Tail = Templates<Tail_...>;
};

template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Head_>
struct Templates<Head_> {
  using Head = TemplateSel<Head_>;
  using Tail = None;
};

// Tuple-like type lists
template <typename Head_, typename... Tail_>
struct Types {
  using Head = Head_;
  using Tail = Types<Tail_...>;
};

template <typename Head_>
struct Types<Head_> {
  using Head = Head_;
  using Tail = None;
};

// Helper metafunctions to tell apart a single type from types
// generated by ::testing::Types
template <typename... Ts>
struct ProxyTypeList {
  using type = Types<Ts...>;
};

template <typename>
struct is_proxy_type_list : std::false_type {};

template <typename... Ts>
struct is_proxy_type_list<ProxyTypeList<Ts...>> : std::true_type {};

// Generator which conditionally creates type lists.
// It recognizes if a requested type list should be created
// and prevents creating a new type list nested within another one.
template <typename T>
struct GenerateTypeList {
 private:
  using proxy = typename std::conditional<is_proxy_type_list<T>::value, T,
                                          ProxyTypeList<T>>::type;

 public:
  using type = typename proxy::type;
};

}  // namespace internal

template <typename... Ts>
using Types = internal::ProxyTypeList<Ts...>;

}  // namespace testing

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-all.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

//
// Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// Sometimes it's desirable to build Google Test by compiling a single file.
// This file serves this purpose.

// This line ensures that gtest.h can be compiled on its own, even
// when it's fused.
#include "gtest/gtest.h"

// The following lines pull in the real gtest *.cc files.
#include "src/gtest-assertion-result.cc"
#include "src/gtest-death-test.cc"
#include "src/gtest-filepath.cc"
#include "src/gtest-matchers.cc"
#include "src/gtest-port.cc"
#include "src/gtest-printers.cc"
#include "src/gtest-test-part.cc"
#include "src/gtest-typed-test.cc"
#include "src/gtest.cc"


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-assertion-result.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This file defines the AssertionResult type.

#include "gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h"

#include <string>
#include <utility>

#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"

namespace testing {

// AssertionResult constructors.
// Used in EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(assertion_result).
AssertionResult::AssertionResult(const AssertionResult& other)
    : success_(other.success_),
      message_(other.message_.get() != nullptr
                   ? new ::std::string(*other.message_)
                   : static_cast< ::std::string*>(nullptr)) {}

// Swaps two AssertionResults.
void AssertionResult::swap(AssertionResult& other) {
  using std::swap;
  swap(success_, other.success_);
  swap(message_, other.message_);
}

// Returns the assertion's negation. Used with EXPECT/ASSERT_FALSE.
AssertionResult AssertionResult::operator!() const {
  AssertionResult negation(!success_);
  if (message_.get() != nullptr) negation << *message_;
  return negation;
}

// Makes a successful assertion result.
AssertionResult AssertionSuccess() { return AssertionResult(true); }

// Makes a failed assertion result.
AssertionResult AssertionFailure() { return AssertionResult(false); }

// Makes a failed assertion result with the given failure message.
// Deprecated; use AssertionFailure() << message.
AssertionResult AssertionFailure(const Message& message) {
  return AssertionFailure() << message;
}

}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

//
// This file implements death tests.

#include "gtest/gtest-death-test.h"

#include <functional>
#include <utility>

#include "gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

#if GTEST_OS_MAC
#include <crt_externs.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_MAC

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX
#include <signal.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX

#include <stdarg.h>

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#include <windows.h>
#else
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#if GTEST_OS_QNX
#include <spawn.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_QNX

#if GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA
#include <lib/fdio/fd.h>
#include <lib/fdio/io.h>
#include <lib/fdio/spawn.h>
#include <lib/zx/channel.h>
#include <lib/zx/port.h>
#include <lib/zx/process.h>
#include <lib/zx/socket.h>
#include <zircon/processargs.h>
#include <zircon/syscalls.h>
#include <zircon/syscalls/policy.h>
#include <zircon/syscalls/port.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"

namespace testing {

// Constants.

// The default death test style.
//
// This is defined in internal/gtest-port.h as "fast", but can be overridden by
// a definition in internal/custom/gtest-port.h. The recommended value, which is
// used internally at Google, is "threadsafe".
static const char kDefaultDeathTestStyle[] = GTEST_DEFAULT_DEATH_TEST_STYLE;

}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
    death_test_style,
    testing::internal::StringFromGTestEnv("death_test_style",
                                          testing::kDefaultDeathTestStyle),
    "Indicates how to run a death test in a forked child process: "
    "\"threadsafe\" (child process re-executes the test binary "
    "from the beginning, running only the specific death test) or "
    "\"fast\" (child process runs the death test immediately "
    "after forking).");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    death_test_use_fork,
    testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("death_test_use_fork", false),
    "Instructs to use fork()/_exit() instead of clone() in death tests. "
    "Ignored and always uses fork() on POSIX systems where clone() is not "
    "implemented. Useful when running under valgrind or similar tools if "
    "those do not support clone(). Valgrind 3.3.1 will just fail if "
    "it sees an unsupported combination of clone() flags. "
    "It is not recommended to use this flag w/o valgrind though it will "
    "work in 99% of the cases. Once valgrind is fixed, this flag will "
    "most likely be removed.");

GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
    internal_run_death_test, "",
    "Indicates the file, line number, temporal index of "
    "the single death test to run, and a file descriptor to "
    "which a success code may be sent, all separated by "
    "the '|' characters.  This flag is specified if and only if the "
    "current process is a sub-process launched for running a thread-safe "
    "death test.  FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY.");

namespace testing {

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

namespace internal {

// Valid only for fast death tests. Indicates the code is running in the
// child process of a fast style death test.
#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA
static bool g_in_fast_death_test_child = false;
#endif

// Returns a Boolean value indicating whether the caller is currently
// executing in the context of the death test child process.  Tools such as
// Valgrind heap checkers may need this to modify their behavior in death
// tests.  IMPORTANT: This is an internal utility.  Using it may break the
// implementation of death tests.  User code MUST NOT use it.
bool InDeathTestChild() {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

  // On Windows and Fuchsia, death tests are thread-safe regardless of the value
  // of the death_test_style flag.
  return !GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test).empty();

#else

  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) == "threadsafe")
    return !GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test).empty();
  else
    return g_in_fast_death_test_child;
#endif
}

}  // namespace internal

// ExitedWithCode constructor.
ExitedWithCode::ExitedWithCode(int exit_code) : exit_code_(exit_code) {}

// ExitedWithCode function-call operator.
bool ExitedWithCode::operator()(int exit_status) const {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

  return exit_status == exit_code_;

#else

  return WIFEXITED(exit_status) && WEXITSTATUS(exit_status) == exit_code_;

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA
}

#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA
// KilledBySignal constructor.
KilledBySignal::KilledBySignal(int signum) : signum_(signum) {}

// KilledBySignal function-call operator.
bool KilledBySignal::operator()(int exit_status) const {
#if defined(GTEST_KILLED_BY_SIGNAL_OVERRIDE_)
  {
    bool result;
    if (GTEST_KILLED_BY_SIGNAL_OVERRIDE_(signum_, exit_status, &result)) {
      return result;
    }
  }
#endif  // defined(GTEST_KILLED_BY_SIGNAL_OVERRIDE_)
  return WIFSIGNALED(exit_status) && WTERMSIG(exit_status) == signum_;
}
#endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

namespace internal {

// Utilities needed for death tests.

// Generates a textual description of a given exit code, in the format
// specified by wait(2).
static std::string ExitSummary(int exit_code) {
  Message m;

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

  m << "Exited with exit status " << exit_code;

#else

  if (WIFEXITED(exit_code)) {
    m << "Exited with exit status " << WEXITSTATUS(exit_code);
  } else if (WIFSIGNALED(exit_code)) {
    m << "Terminated by signal " << WTERMSIG(exit_code);
  }
#ifdef WCOREDUMP
  if (WCOREDUMP(exit_code)) {
    m << " (core dumped)";
  }
#endif
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

  return m.GetString();
}

// Returns true if exit_status describes a process that was terminated
// by a signal, or exited normally with a nonzero exit code.
bool ExitedUnsuccessfully(int exit_status) {
  return !ExitedWithCode(0)(exit_status);
}

#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA
// Generates a textual failure message when a death test finds more than
// one thread running, or cannot determine the number of threads, prior
// to executing the given statement.  It is the responsibility of the
// caller not to pass a thread_count of 1.
static std::string DeathTestThreadWarning(size_t thread_count) {
  Message msg;
  msg << "Death tests use fork(), which is unsafe particularly"
      << " in a threaded context. For this test, " << GTEST_NAME_ << " ";
  if (thread_count == 0) {
    msg << "couldn't detect the number of threads.";
  } else {
    msg << "detected " << thread_count << " threads.";
  }
  msg << " See "
         "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/"
         "advanced.md#death-tests-and-threads"
      << " for more explanation and suggested solutions, especially if"
      << " this is the last message you see before your test times out.";
  return msg.GetString();
}
#endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

// Flag characters for reporting a death test that did not die.
static const char kDeathTestLived = 'L';
static const char kDeathTestReturned = 'R';
static const char kDeathTestThrew = 'T';
static const char kDeathTestInternalError = 'I';

#if GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

// File descriptor used for the pipe in the child process.
static const int kFuchsiaReadPipeFd = 3;

#endif

// An enumeration describing all of the possible ways that a death test can
// conclude.  DIED means that the process died while executing the test
// code; LIVED means that process lived beyond the end of the test code;
// RETURNED means that the test statement attempted to execute a return
// statement, which is not allowed; THREW means that the test statement
// returned control by throwing an exception.  IN_PROGRESS means the test
// has not yet concluded.
enum DeathTestOutcome { IN_PROGRESS, DIED, LIVED, RETURNED, THREW };

// Routine for aborting the program which is safe to call from an
// exec-style death test child process, in which case the error
// message is propagated back to the parent process.  Otherwise, the
// message is simply printed to stderr.  In either case, the program
// then exits with status 1.
static void DeathTestAbort(const std::string& message) {
  // On a POSIX system, this function may be called from a threadsafe-style
  // death test child process, which operates on a very small stack.  Use
  // the heap for any additional non-minuscule memory requirements.
  const InternalRunDeathTestFlag* const flag =
      GetUnitTestImpl()->internal_run_death_test_flag();
  if (flag != nullptr) {
    FILE* parent = posix::FDOpen(flag->write_fd(), "w");
    fputc(kDeathTestInternalError, parent);
    fprintf(parent, "%s", message.c_str());
    fflush(parent);
    _exit(1);
  } else {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s", message.c_str());
    fflush(stderr);
    posix::Abort();
  }
}

// A replacement for CHECK that calls DeathTestAbort if the assertion
// fails.
#define GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(expression)                              \
  do {                                                                   \
    if (!::testing::internal::IsTrue(expression)) {                      \
      DeathTestAbort(::std::string("CHECK failed: File ") + __FILE__ +   \
                     ", line " +                                         \
                     ::testing::internal::StreamableToString(__LINE__) + \
                     ": " + #expression);                                \
    }                                                                    \
  } while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())

// This macro is similar to GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_, but it is meant for
// evaluating any system call that fulfills two conditions: it must return
// -1 on failure, and set errno to EINTR when it is interrupted and
// should be tried again.  The macro expands to a loop that repeatedly
// evaluates the expression as long as it evaluates to -1 and sets
// errno to EINTR.  If the expression evaluates to -1 but errno is
// something other than EINTR, DeathTestAbort is called.
#define GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(expression)                      \
  do {                                                                   \
    int gtest_retval;                                                    \
    do {                                                                 \
      gtest_retval = (expression);                                       \
    } while (gtest_retval == -1 && errno == EINTR);                      \
    if (gtest_retval == -1) {                                            \
      DeathTestAbort(::std::string("CHECK failed: File ") + __FILE__ +   \
                     ", line " +                                         \
                     ::testing::internal::StreamableToString(__LINE__) + \
                     ": " + #expression + " != -1");                     \
    }                                                                    \
  } while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())

// Returns the message describing the last system error in errno.
std::string GetLastErrnoDescription() {
  return errno == 0 ? "" : posix::StrError(errno);
}

// This is called from a death test parent process to read a failure
// message from the death test child process and log it with the FATAL
// severity. On Windows, the message is read from a pipe handle. On other
// platforms, it is read from a file descriptor.
static void FailFromInternalError(int fd) {
  Message error;
  char buffer[256];
  int num_read;

  do {
    while ((num_read = posix::Read(fd, buffer, 255)) > 0) {
      buffer[num_read] = '\0';
      error << buffer;
    }
  } while (num_read == -1 && errno == EINTR);

  if (num_read == 0) {
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << error.GetString();
  } else {
    const int last_error = errno;
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Error while reading death test internal: "
                      << GetLastErrnoDescription() << " [" << last_error << "]";
  }
}

// Death test constructor.  Increments the running death test count
// for the current test.
DeathTest::DeathTest() {
  TestInfo* const info = GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_info();
  if (info == nullptr) {
    DeathTestAbort(
        "Cannot run a death test outside of a TEST or "
        "TEST_F construct");
  }
}

// Creates and returns a death test by dispatching to the current
// death test factory.
bool DeathTest::Create(const char* statement,
                       Matcher<const std::string&> matcher, const char* file,
                       int line, DeathTest** test) {
  return GetUnitTestImpl()->death_test_factory()->Create(
      statement, std::move(matcher), file, line, test);
}

const char* DeathTest::LastMessage() {
  return last_death_test_message_.c_str();
}

void DeathTest::set_last_death_test_message(const std::string& message) {
  last_death_test_message_ = message;
}

std::string DeathTest::last_death_test_message_;

// Provides cross platform implementation for some death functionality.
class DeathTestImpl : public DeathTest {
 protected:
  DeathTestImpl(const char* a_statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher)
      : statement_(a_statement),
        matcher_(std::move(matcher)),
        spawned_(false),
        status_(-1),
        outcome_(IN_PROGRESS),
        read_fd_(-1),
        write_fd_(-1) {}

  // read_fd_ is expected to be closed and cleared by a derived class.
  ~DeathTestImpl() override { GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(read_fd_ == -1); }

  void Abort(AbortReason reason) override;
  bool Passed(bool status_ok) override;

  const char* statement() const { return statement_; }
  bool spawned() const { return spawned_; }
  void set_spawned(bool is_spawned) { spawned_ = is_spawned; }
  int status() const { return status_; }
  void set_status(int a_status) { status_ = a_status; }
  DeathTestOutcome outcome() const { return outcome_; }
  void set_outcome(DeathTestOutcome an_outcome) { outcome_ = an_outcome; }
  int read_fd() const { return read_fd_; }
  void set_read_fd(int fd) { read_fd_ = fd; }
  int write_fd() const { return write_fd_; }
  void set_write_fd(int fd) { write_fd_ = fd; }

  // Called in the parent process only. Reads the result code of the death
  // test child process via a pipe, interprets it to set the outcome_
  // member, and closes read_fd_.  Outputs diagnostics and terminates in
  // case of unexpected codes.
  void ReadAndInterpretStatusByte();

  // Returns stderr output from the child process.
  virtual std::string GetErrorLogs();

 private:
  // The textual content of the code this object is testing.  This class
  // doesn't own this string and should not attempt to delete it.
  const char* const statement_;
  // A matcher that's expected to match the stderr output by the child process.
  Matcher<const std::string&> matcher_;
  // True if the death test child process has been successfully spawned.
  bool spawned_;
  // The exit status of the child process.
  int status_;
  // How the death test concluded.
  DeathTestOutcome outcome_;
  // Descriptor to the read end of the pipe to the child process.  It is
  // always -1 in the child process.  The child keeps its write end of the
  // pipe in write_fd_.
  int read_fd_;
  // Descriptor to the child's write end of the pipe to the parent process.
  // It is always -1 in the parent process.  The parent keeps its end of the
  // pipe in read_fd_.
  int write_fd_;
};

// Called in the parent process only. Reads the result code of the death
// test child process via a pipe, interprets it to set the outcome_
// member, and closes read_fd_.  Outputs diagnostics and terminates in
// case of unexpected codes.
void DeathTestImpl::ReadAndInterpretStatusByte() {
  char flag;
  int bytes_read;

  // The read() here blocks until data is available (signifying the
  // failure of the death test) or until the pipe is closed (signifying
  // its success), so it's okay to call this in the parent before
  // the child process has exited.
  do {
    bytes_read = posix::Read(read_fd(), &flag, 1);
  } while (bytes_read == -1 && errno == EINTR);

  if (bytes_read == 0) {
    set_outcome(DIED);
  } else if (bytes_read == 1) {
    switch (flag) {
      case kDeathTestReturned:
        set_outcome(RETURNED);
        break;
      case kDeathTestThrew:
        set_outcome(THREW);
        break;
      case kDeathTestLived:
        set_outcome(LIVED);
        break;
      case kDeathTestInternalError:
        FailFromInternalError(read_fd());  // Does not return.
        break;
      default:
        GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Death test child process reported "
                          << "unexpected status byte ("
                          << static_cast<unsigned int>(flag) << ")";
    }
  } else {
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Read from death test child process failed: "
                      << GetLastErrnoDescription();
  }
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(posix::Close(read_fd()));
  set_read_fd(-1);
}

std::string DeathTestImpl::GetErrorLogs() { return GetCapturedStderr(); }

// Signals that the death test code which should have exited, didn't.
// Should be called only in a death test child process.
// Writes a status byte to the child's status file descriptor, then
// calls _exit(1).
void DeathTestImpl::Abort(AbortReason reason) {
  // The parent process considers the death test to be a failure if
  // it finds any data in our pipe.  So, here we write a single flag byte
  // to the pipe, then exit.
  const char status_ch = reason == TEST_DID_NOT_DIE       ? kDeathTestLived
                         : reason == TEST_THREW_EXCEPTION ? kDeathTestThrew
                                                          : kDeathTestReturned;

  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(posix::Write(write_fd(), &status_ch, 1));
  // We are leaking the descriptor here because on some platforms (i.e.,
  // when built as Windows DLL), destructors of global objects will still
  // run after calling _exit(). On such systems, write_fd_ will be
  // indirectly closed from the destructor of UnitTestImpl, causing double
  // close if it is also closed here. On debug configurations, double close
  // may assert. As there are no in-process buffers to flush here, we are
  // relying on the OS to close the descriptor after the process terminates
  // when the destructors are not run.
  _exit(1);  // Exits w/o any normal exit hooks (we were supposed to crash)
}

// Returns an indented copy of stderr output for a death test.
// This makes distinguishing death test output lines from regular log lines
// much easier.
static ::std::string FormatDeathTestOutput(const ::std::string& output) {
  ::std::string ret;
  for (size_t at = 0;;) {
    const size_t line_end = output.find('\n', at);
    ret += "[  DEATH   ] ";
    if (line_end == ::std::string::npos) {
      ret += output.substr(at);
      break;
    }
    ret += output.substr(at, line_end + 1 - at);
    at = line_end + 1;
  }
  return ret;
}

// Assesses the success or failure of a death test, using both private
// members which have previously been set, and one argument:
//
// Private data members:
//   outcome:  An enumeration describing how the death test
//             concluded: DIED, LIVED, THREW, or RETURNED.  The death test
//             fails in the latter three cases.
//   status:   The exit status of the child process. On *nix, it is in the
//             in the format specified by wait(2). On Windows, this is the
//             value supplied to the ExitProcess() API or a numeric code
//             of the exception that terminated the program.
//   matcher_: A matcher that's expected to match the stderr output by the child
//             process.
//
// Argument:
//   status_ok: true if exit_status is acceptable in the context of
//              this particular death test, which fails if it is false
//
// Returns true if and only if all of the above conditions are met.  Otherwise,
// the first failing condition, in the order given above, is the one that is
// reported. Also sets the last death test message string.
bool DeathTestImpl::Passed(bool status_ok) {
  if (!spawned()) return false;

  const std::string error_message = GetErrorLogs();

  bool success = false;
  Message buffer;

  buffer << "Death test: " << statement() << "\n";
  switch (outcome()) {
    case LIVED:
      buffer << "    Result: failed to die.\n"
             << " Error msg:\n"
             << FormatDeathTestOutput(error_message);
      break;
    case THREW:
      buffer << "    Result: threw an exception.\n"
             << " Error msg:\n"
             << FormatDeathTestOutput(error_message);
      break;
    case RETURNED:
      buffer << "    Result: illegal return in test statement.\n"
             << " Error msg:\n"
             << FormatDeathTestOutput(error_message);
      break;
    case DIED:
      if (status_ok) {
        if (matcher_.Matches(error_message)) {
          success = true;
        } else {
          std::ostringstream stream;
          matcher_.DescribeTo(&stream);
          buffer << "    Result: died but not with expected error.\n"
                 << "  Expected: " << stream.str() << "\n"
                 << "Actual msg:\n"
                 << FormatDeathTestOutput(error_message);
        }
      } else {
        buffer << "    Result: died but not with expected exit code:\n"
               << "            " << ExitSummary(status()) << "\n"
               << "Actual msg:\n"
               << FormatDeathTestOutput(error_message);
      }
      break;
    case IN_PROGRESS:
    default:
      GTEST_LOG_(FATAL)
          << "DeathTest::Passed somehow called before conclusion of test";
  }

  DeathTest::set_last_death_test_message(buffer.GetString());
  return success;
}

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
// WindowsDeathTest implements death tests on Windows. Due to the
// specifics of starting new processes on Windows, death tests there are
// always threadsafe, and Google Test considers the
// --gtest_death_test_style=fast setting to be equivalent to
// --gtest_death_test_style=threadsafe there.
//
// A few implementation notes:  Like the Linux version, the Windows
// implementation uses pipes for child-to-parent communication. But due to
// the specifics of pipes on Windows, some extra steps are required:
//
// 1. The parent creates a communication pipe and stores handles to both
//    ends of it.
// 2. The parent starts the child and provides it with the information
//    necessary to acquire the handle to the write end of the pipe.
// 3. The child acquires the write end of the pipe and signals the parent
//    using a Windows event.
// 4. Now the parent can release the write end of the pipe on its side. If
//    this is done before step 3, the object's reference count goes down to
//    0 and it is destroyed, preventing the child from acquiring it. The
//    parent now has to release it, or read operations on the read end of
//    the pipe will not return when the child terminates.
// 5. The parent reads child's output through the pipe (outcome code and
//    any possible error messages) from the pipe, and its stderr and then
//    determines whether to fail the test.
//
// Note: to distinguish Win32 API calls from the local method and function
// calls, the former are explicitly resolved in the global namespace.
//
class WindowsDeathTest : public DeathTestImpl {
 public:
  WindowsDeathTest(const char* a_statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher,
                   const char* file, int line)
      : DeathTestImpl(a_statement, std::move(matcher)),
        file_(file),
        line_(line) {}

  // All of these virtual functions are inherited from DeathTest.
  virtual int Wait();
  virtual TestRole AssumeRole();

 private:
  // The name of the file in which the death test is located.
  const char* const file_;
  // The line number on which the death test is located.
  const int line_;
  // Handle to the write end of the pipe to the child process.
  AutoHandle write_handle_;
  // Child process handle.
  AutoHandle child_handle_;
  // Event the child process uses to signal the parent that it has
  // acquired the handle to the write end of the pipe. After seeing this
  // event the parent can release its own handles to make sure its
  // ReadFile() calls return when the child terminates.
  AutoHandle event_handle_;
};

// Waits for the child in a death test to exit, returning its exit
// status, or 0 if no child process exists.  As a side effect, sets the
// outcome data member.
int WindowsDeathTest::Wait() {
  if (!spawned()) return 0;

  // Wait until the child either signals that it has acquired the write end
  // of the pipe or it dies.
  const HANDLE wait_handles[2] = {child_handle_.Get(), event_handle_.Get()};
  switch (::WaitForMultipleObjects(2, wait_handles,
                                   FALSE,  // Waits for any of the handles.
                                   INFINITE)) {
    case WAIT_OBJECT_0:
    case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 1:
      break;
    default:
      GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(false);  // Should not get here.
  }

  // The child has acquired the write end of the pipe or exited.
  // We release the handle on our side and continue.
  write_handle_.Reset();
  event_handle_.Reset();

  ReadAndInterpretStatusByte();

  // Waits for the child process to exit if it haven't already. This
  // returns immediately if the child has already exited, regardless of
  // whether previous calls to WaitForMultipleObjects synchronized on this
  // handle or not.
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(WAIT_OBJECT_0 ==
                          ::WaitForSingleObject(child_handle_.Get(), INFINITE));
  DWORD status_code;
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(
      ::GetExitCodeProcess(child_handle_.Get(), &status_code) != FALSE);
  child_handle_.Reset();
  set_status(static_cast<int>(status_code));
  return status();
}

// The AssumeRole process for a Windows death test.  It creates a child
// process with the same executable as the current process to run the
// death test.  The child process is given the --gtest_filter and
// --gtest_internal_run_death_test flags such that it knows to run the
// current death test only.
DeathTest::TestRole WindowsDeathTest::AssumeRole() {
  const UnitTestImpl* const impl = GetUnitTestImpl();
  const InternalRunDeathTestFlag* const flag =
      impl->internal_run_death_test_flag();
  const TestInfo* const info = impl->current_test_info();
  const int death_test_index = info->result()->death_test_count();

  if (flag != nullptr) {
    // ParseInternalRunDeathTestFlag() has performed all the necessary
    // processing.
    set_write_fd(flag->write_fd());
    return EXECUTE_TEST;
  }

  // WindowsDeathTest uses an anonymous pipe to communicate results of
  // a death test.
  SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES handles_are_inheritable = {sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES),
                                                 nullptr, TRUE};
  HANDLE read_handle, write_handle;
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(::CreatePipe(&read_handle, &write_handle,
                                       &handles_are_inheritable,
                                       0)  // Default buffer size.
                          != FALSE);
  set_read_fd(
      ::_open_osfhandle(reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(read_handle), O_RDONLY));
  write_handle_.Reset(write_handle);
  event_handle_.Reset(::CreateEvent(
      &handles_are_inheritable,
      TRUE,       // The event will automatically reset to non-signaled state.
      FALSE,      // The initial state is non-signalled.
      nullptr));  // The even is unnamed.
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(event_handle_.Get() != nullptr);
  const std::string filter_flag = std::string("--") + GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ +
                                  "filter=" + info->test_suite_name() + "." +
                                  info->name();
  const std::string internal_flag =
      std::string("--") + GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ +
      "internal_run_death_test=" + file_ + "|" + StreamableToString(line_) +
      "|" + StreamableToString(death_test_index) + "|" +
      StreamableToString(static_cast<unsigned int>(::GetCurrentProcessId())) +
      // size_t has the same width as pointers on both 32-bit and 64-bit
      // Windows platforms.
      // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/tcxf1dw6.aspx.
      "|" + StreamableToString(reinterpret_cast<size_t>(write_handle)) + "|" +
      StreamableToString(reinterpret_cast<size_t>(event_handle_.Get()));

  char executable_path[_MAX_PATH + 1];  // NOLINT
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(_MAX_PATH + 1 != ::GetModuleFileNameA(nullptr,
                                                                executable_path,
                                                                _MAX_PATH));

  std::string command_line = std::string(::GetCommandLineA()) + " " +
                             filter_flag + " \"" + internal_flag + "\"";

  DeathTest::set_last_death_test_message("");

  CaptureStderr();
  // Flush the log buffers since the log streams are shared with the child.
  FlushInfoLog();

  // The child process will share the standard handles with the parent.
  STARTUPINFOA startup_info;
  memset(&startup_info, 0, sizeof(STARTUPINFO));
  startup_info.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
  startup_info.hStdInput = ::GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
  startup_info.hStdOutput = ::GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
  startup_info.hStdError = ::GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);

  PROCESS_INFORMATION process_info;
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(
      ::CreateProcessA(
          executable_path, const_cast<char*>(command_line.c_str()),
          nullptr,  // Returned process handle is not inheritable.
          nullptr,  // Returned thread handle is not inheritable.
          TRUE,  // Child inherits all inheritable handles (for write_handle_).
          0x0,   // Default creation flags.
          nullptr,  // Inherit the parent's environment.
          UnitTest::GetInstance()->original_working_dir(), &startup_info,
          &process_info) != FALSE);
  child_handle_.Reset(process_info.hProcess);
  ::CloseHandle(process_info.hThread);
  set_spawned(true);
  return OVERSEE_TEST;
}

#elif GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

class FuchsiaDeathTest : public DeathTestImpl {
 public:
  FuchsiaDeathTest(const char* a_statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher,
                   const char* file, int line)
      : DeathTestImpl(a_statement, std::move(matcher)),
        file_(file),
        line_(line) {}

  // All of these virtual functions are inherited from DeathTest.
  int Wait() override;
  TestRole AssumeRole() override;
  std::string GetErrorLogs() override;

 private:
  // The name of the file in which the death test is located.
  const char* const file_;
  // The line number on which the death test is located.
  const int line_;
  // The stderr data captured by the child process.
  std::string captured_stderr_;

  zx::process child_process_;
  zx::channel exception_channel_;
  zx::socket stderr_socket_;
};

// Utility class for accumulating command-line arguments.
class Arguments {
 public:
  Arguments() { args_.push_back(nullptr); }

  ~Arguments() {
    for (std::vector<char*>::iterator i = args_.begin(); i != args_.end();
         ++i) {
      free(*i);
    }
  }
  void AddArgument(const char* argument) {
    args_.insert(args_.end() - 1, posix::StrDup(argument));
  }

  template <typename Str>
  void AddArguments(const ::std::vector<Str>& arguments) {
    for (typename ::std::vector<Str>::const_iterator i = arguments.begin();
         i != arguments.end(); ++i) {
      args_.insert(args_.end() - 1, posix::StrDup(i->c_str()));
    }
  }
  char* const* Argv() { return &args_[0]; }

  int size() { return static_cast<int>(args_.size()) - 1; }

 private:
  std::vector<char*> args_;
};

// Waits for the child in a death test to exit, returning its exit
// status, or 0 if no child process exists.  As a side effect, sets the
// outcome data member.
int FuchsiaDeathTest::Wait() {
  const int kProcessKey = 0;
  const int kSocketKey = 1;
  const int kExceptionKey = 2;

  if (!spawned()) return 0;

  // Create a port to wait for socket/task/exception events.
  zx_status_t status_zx;
  zx::port port;
  status_zx = zx::port::create(0, &port);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);

  // Register to wait for the child process to terminate.
  status_zx =
      child_process_.wait_async(port, kProcessKey, ZX_PROCESS_TERMINATED, 0);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);

  // Register to wait for the socket to be readable or closed.
  status_zx = stderr_socket_.wait_async(
      port, kSocketKey, ZX_SOCKET_READABLE | ZX_SOCKET_PEER_CLOSED, 0);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);

  // Register to wait for an exception.
  status_zx = exception_channel_.wait_async(port, kExceptionKey,
                                            ZX_CHANNEL_READABLE, 0);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);

  bool process_terminated = false;
  bool socket_closed = false;
  do {
    zx_port_packet_t packet = {};
    status_zx = port.wait(zx::time::infinite(), &packet);
    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);

    if (packet.key == kExceptionKey) {
      // Process encountered an exception. Kill it directly rather than
      // letting other handlers process the event. We will get a kProcessKey
      // event when the process actually terminates.
      status_zx = child_process_.kill();
      GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);
    } else if (packet.key == kProcessKey) {
      // Process terminated.
      GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(ZX_PKT_IS_SIGNAL_ONE(packet.type));
      GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(packet.signal.observed & ZX_PROCESS_TERMINATED);
      process_terminated = true;
    } else if (packet.key == kSocketKey) {
      GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(ZX_PKT_IS_SIGNAL_ONE(packet.type));
      if (packet.signal.observed & ZX_SOCKET_READABLE) {
        // Read data from the socket.
        constexpr size_t kBufferSize = 1024;
        do {
          size_t old_length = captured_stderr_.length();
          size_t bytes_read = 0;
          captured_stderr_.resize(old_length + kBufferSize);
          status_zx =
              stderr_socket_.read(0, &captured_stderr_.front() + old_length,
                                  kBufferSize, &bytes_read);
          captured_stderr_.resize(old_length + bytes_read);
        } while (status_zx == ZX_OK);
        if (status_zx == ZX_ERR_PEER_CLOSED) {
          socket_closed = true;
        } else {
          GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_ERR_SHOULD_WAIT);
          status_zx = stderr_socket_.wait_async(
              port, kSocketKey, ZX_SOCKET_READABLE | ZX_SOCKET_PEER_CLOSED, 0);
          GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);
        }
      } else {
        GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(packet.signal.observed & ZX_SOCKET_PEER_CLOSED);
        socket_closed = true;
      }
    }
  } while (!process_terminated && !socket_closed);

  ReadAndInterpretStatusByte();

  zx_info_process_t buffer;
  status_zx = child_process_.get_info(ZX_INFO_PROCESS, &buffer, sizeof(buffer),
                                      nullptr, nullptr);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);

  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(buffer.flags & ZX_INFO_PROCESS_FLAG_EXITED);
  set_status(static_cast<int>(buffer.return_code));
  return status();
}

// The AssumeRole process for a Fuchsia death test.  It creates a child
// process with the same executable as the current process to run the
// death test.  The child process is given the --gtest_filter and
// --gtest_internal_run_death_test flags such that it knows to run the
// current death test only.
DeathTest::TestRole FuchsiaDeathTest::AssumeRole() {
  const UnitTestImpl* const impl = GetUnitTestImpl();
  const InternalRunDeathTestFlag* const flag =
      impl->internal_run_death_test_flag();
  const TestInfo* const info = impl->current_test_info();
  const int death_test_index = info->result()->death_test_count();

  if (flag != nullptr) {
    // ParseInternalRunDeathTestFlag() has performed all the necessary
    // processing.
    set_write_fd(kFuchsiaReadPipeFd);
    return EXECUTE_TEST;
  }

  // Flush the log buffers since the log streams are shared with the child.
  FlushInfoLog();

  // Build the child process command line.
  const std::string filter_flag = std::string("--") + GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ +
                                  "filter=" + info->test_suite_name() + "." +
                                  info->name();
  const std::string internal_flag = std::string("--") + GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ +
                                    kInternalRunDeathTestFlag + "=" + file_ +
                                    "|" + StreamableToString(line_) + "|" +
                                    StreamableToString(death_test_index);
  Arguments args;
  args.AddArguments(GetInjectableArgvs());
  args.AddArgument(filter_flag.c_str());
  args.AddArgument(internal_flag.c_str());

  // Build the pipe for communication with the child.
  zx_status_t status;
  zx_handle_t child_pipe_handle;
  int child_pipe_fd;
  status = fdio_pipe_half(&child_pipe_fd, &child_pipe_handle);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status == ZX_OK);
  set_read_fd(child_pipe_fd);

  // Set the pipe handle for the child.
  fdio_spawn_action_t spawn_actions[2] = {};
  fdio_spawn_action_t* add_handle_action = &spawn_actions[0];
  add_handle_action->action = FDIO_SPAWN_ACTION_ADD_HANDLE;
  add_handle_action->h.id = PA_HND(PA_FD, kFuchsiaReadPipeFd);
  add_handle_action->h.handle = child_pipe_handle;

  // Create a socket pair will be used to receive the child process' stderr.
  zx::socket stderr_producer_socket;
  status = zx::socket::create(0, &stderr_producer_socket, &stderr_socket_);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status >= 0);
  int stderr_producer_fd = -1;
  status =
      fdio_fd_create(stderr_producer_socket.release(), &stderr_producer_fd);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status >= 0);

  // Make the stderr socket nonblocking.
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(fcntl(stderr_producer_fd, F_SETFL, 0) == 0);

  fdio_spawn_action_t* add_stderr_action = &spawn_actions[1];
  add_stderr_action->action = FDIO_SPAWN_ACTION_CLONE_FD;
  add_stderr_action->fd.local_fd = stderr_producer_fd;
  add_stderr_action->fd.target_fd = STDERR_FILENO;

  // Create a child job.
  zx_handle_t child_job = ZX_HANDLE_INVALID;
  status = zx_job_create(zx_job_default(), 0, &child_job);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status == ZX_OK);
  zx_policy_basic_t policy;
  policy.condition = ZX_POL_NEW_ANY;
  policy.policy = ZX_POL_ACTION_ALLOW;
  status = zx_job_set_policy(child_job, ZX_JOB_POL_RELATIVE, ZX_JOB_POL_BASIC,
                             &policy, 1);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status == ZX_OK);

  // Create an exception channel attached to the |child_job|, to allow
  // us to suppress the system default exception handler from firing.
  status = zx_task_create_exception_channel(
      child_job, 0, exception_channel_.reset_and_get_address());
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status == ZX_OK);

  // Spawn the child process.
  status = fdio_spawn_etc(child_job, FDIO_SPAWN_CLONE_ALL, args.Argv()[0],
                          args.Argv(), nullptr, 2, spawn_actions,
                          child_process_.reset_and_get_address(), nullptr);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status == ZX_OK);

  set_spawned(true);
  return OVERSEE_TEST;
}

std::string FuchsiaDeathTest::GetErrorLogs() { return captured_stderr_; }

#else  // We are neither on Windows, nor on Fuchsia.

// ForkingDeathTest provides implementations for most of the abstract
// methods of the DeathTest interface.  Only the AssumeRole method is
// left undefined.
class ForkingDeathTest : public DeathTestImpl {
 public:
  ForkingDeathTest(const char* statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher);

  // All of these virtual functions are inherited from DeathTest.
  int Wait() override;

 protected:
  void set_child_pid(pid_t child_pid) { child_pid_ = child_pid; }

 private:
  // PID of child process during death test; 0 in the child process itself.
  pid_t child_pid_;
};

// Constructs a ForkingDeathTest.
ForkingDeathTest::ForkingDeathTest(const char* a_statement,
                                   Matcher<const std::string&> matcher)
    : DeathTestImpl(a_statement, std::move(matcher)), child_pid_(-1) {}

// Waits for the child in a death test to exit, returning its exit
// status, or 0 if no child process exists.  As a side effect, sets the
// outcome data member.
int ForkingDeathTest::Wait() {
  if (!spawned()) return 0;

  ReadAndInterpretStatusByte();

  int status_value;
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(waitpid(child_pid_, &status_value, 0));
  set_status(status_value);
  return status_value;
}

// A concrete death test class that forks, then immediately runs the test
// in the child process.
class NoExecDeathTest : public ForkingDeathTest {
 public:
  NoExecDeathTest(const char* a_statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher)
      : ForkingDeathTest(a_statement, std::move(matcher)) {}
  TestRole AssumeRole() override;
};

// The AssumeRole process for a fork-and-run death test.  It implements a
// straightforward fork, with a simple pipe to transmit the status byte.
DeathTest::TestRole NoExecDeathTest::AssumeRole() {
  const size_t thread_count = GetThreadCount();
  if (thread_count != 1) {
    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << DeathTestThreadWarning(thread_count);
  }

  int pipe_fd[2];
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(pipe(pipe_fd) != -1);

  DeathTest::set_last_death_test_message("");
  CaptureStderr();
  // When we fork the process below, the log file buffers are copied, but the
  // file descriptors are shared.  We flush all log files here so that closing
  // the file descriptors in the child process doesn't throw off the
  // synchronization between descriptors and buffers in the parent process.
  // This is as close to the fork as possible to avoid a race condition in case
  // there are multiple threads running before the death test, and another
  // thread writes to the log file.
  FlushInfoLog();

  const pid_t child_pid = fork();
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(child_pid != -1);
  set_child_pid(child_pid);
  if (child_pid == 0) {
    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(close(pipe_fd[0]));
    set_write_fd(pipe_fd[1]);
    // Redirects all logging to stderr in the child process to prevent
    // concurrent writes to the log files.  We capture stderr in the parent
    // process and append the child process' output to a log.
    LogToStderr();
    // Event forwarding to the listeners of event listener API mush be shut
    // down in death test subprocesses.
    GetUnitTestImpl()->listeners()->SuppressEventForwarding();
    g_in_fast_death_test_child = true;
    return EXECUTE_TEST;
  } else {
    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(close(pipe_fd[1]));
    set_read_fd(pipe_fd[0]);
    set_spawned(true);
    return OVERSEE_TEST;
  }
}

// A concrete death test class that forks and re-executes the main
// program from the beginning, with command-line flags set that cause
// only this specific death test to be run.
class ExecDeathTest : public ForkingDeathTest {
 public:
  ExecDeathTest(const char* a_statement, Matcher<const std::string&> matcher,
                const char* file, int line)
      : ForkingDeathTest(a_statement, std::move(matcher)),
        file_(file),
        line_(line) {}
  TestRole AssumeRole() override;

 private:
  static ::std::vector<std::string> GetArgvsForDeathTestChildProcess() {
    ::std::vector<std::string> args = GetInjectableArgvs();
#if defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_COMMAND_LINE_ARGS_)
    ::std::vector<std::string> extra_args =
        GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_COMMAND_LINE_ARGS_();
    args.insert(args.end(), extra_args.begin(), extra_args.end());
#endif  // defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_COMMAND_LINE_ARGS_)
    return args;
  }
  // The name of the file in which the death test is located.
  const char* const file_;
  // The line number on which the death test is located.
  const int line_;
};

// Utility class for accumulating command-line arguments.
class Arguments {
 public:
  Arguments() { args_.push_back(nullptr); }

  ~Arguments() {
    for (std::vector<char*>::iterator i = args_.begin(); i != args_.end();
         ++i) {
      free(*i);
    }
  }
  void AddArgument(const char* argument) {
    args_.insert(args_.end() - 1, posix::StrDup(argument));
  }

  template <typename Str>
  void AddArguments(const ::std::vector<Str>& arguments) {
    for (typename ::std::vector<Str>::const_iterator i = arguments.begin();
         i != arguments.end(); ++i) {
      args_.insert(args_.end() - 1, posix::StrDup(i->c_str()));
    }
  }
  char* const* Argv() { return &args_[0]; }

 private:
  std::vector<char*> args_;
};

// A struct that encompasses the arguments to the child process of a
// threadsafe-style death test process.
struct ExecDeathTestArgs {
  char* const* argv;  // Command-line arguments for the child's call to exec
  int close_fd;       // File descriptor to close; the read end of a pipe
};

#if GTEST_OS_QNX
extern "C" char** environ;
#else   // GTEST_OS_QNX
// The main function for a threadsafe-style death test child process.
// This function is called in a clone()-ed process and thus must avoid
// any potentially unsafe operations like malloc or libc functions.
static int ExecDeathTestChildMain(void* child_arg) {
  ExecDeathTestArgs* const args = static_cast<ExecDeathTestArgs*>(child_arg);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(close(args->close_fd));

  // We need to execute the test program in the same environment where
  // it was originally invoked.  Therefore we change to the original
  // working directory first.
  const char* const original_dir =
      UnitTest::GetInstance()->original_working_dir();
  // We can safely call chdir() as it's a direct system call.
  if (chdir(original_dir) != 0) {
    DeathTestAbort(std::string("chdir(\"") + original_dir +
                   "\") failed: " + GetLastErrnoDescription());
    return EXIT_FAILURE;
  }

  // We can safely call execv() as it's almost a direct system call. We
  // cannot use execvp() as it's a libc function and thus potentially
  // unsafe.  Since execv() doesn't search the PATH, the user must
  // invoke the test program via a valid path that contains at least
  // one path separator.
  execv(args->argv[0], args->argv);
  DeathTestAbort(std::string("execv(") + args->argv[0] + ", ...) in " +
                 original_dir + " failed: " + GetLastErrnoDescription());
  return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
#endif  // GTEST_OS_QNX

#if GTEST_HAS_CLONE
// Two utility routines that together determine the direction the stack
// grows.
// This could be accomplished more elegantly by a single recursive
// function, but we want to guard against the unlikely possibility of
// a smart compiler optimizing the recursion away.
//
// GTEST_NO_INLINE_ is required to prevent GCC 4.6 from inlining
// StackLowerThanAddress into StackGrowsDown, which then doesn't give
// correct answer.
static void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr,
                                  bool* result) GTEST_NO_INLINE_;
// Make sure sanitizers do not tamper with the stack here.
// Ideally, we want to use `__builtin_frame_address` instead of a local variable
// address with sanitizer disabled, but it does not work when the
// compiler optimizes the stack frame out, which happens on PowerPC targets.
// HWAddressSanitizer add a random tag to the MSB of the local variable address,
// making comparison result unpredictable.
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_
static void StackLowerThanAddress(const void* ptr, bool* result) {
  int dummy = 0;
  *result = std::less<const void*>()(&dummy, ptr);
}

// Make sure AddressSanitizer does not tamper with the stack here.
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_
static bool StackGrowsDown() {
  int dummy = 0;
  bool result;
  StackLowerThanAddress(&dummy, &result);
  return result;
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_CLONE

// Spawns a child process with the same executable as the current process in
// a thread-safe manner and instructs it to run the death test.  The
// implementation uses fork(2) + exec.  On systems where clone(2) is
// available, it is used instead, being slightly more thread-safe.  On QNX,
// fork supports only single-threaded environments, so this function uses
// spawn(2) there instead.  The function dies with an error message if
// anything goes wrong.
static pid_t ExecDeathTestSpawnChild(char* const* argv, int close_fd) {
  ExecDeathTestArgs args = {argv, close_fd};
  pid_t child_pid = -1;

#if GTEST_OS_QNX
  // Obtains the current directory and sets it to be closed in the child
  // process.
  const int cwd_fd = open(".", O_RDONLY);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(cwd_fd != -1);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(fcntl(cwd_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC));
  // We need to execute the test program in the same environment where
  // it was originally invoked.  Therefore we change to the original
  // working directory first.
  const char* const original_dir =
      UnitTest::GetInstance()->original_working_dir();
  // We can safely call chdir() as it's a direct system call.
  if (chdir(original_dir) != 0) {
    DeathTestAbort(std::string("chdir(\"") + original_dir +
                   "\") failed: " + GetLastErrnoDescription());
    return EXIT_FAILURE;
  }

  int fd_flags;
  // Set close_fd to be closed after spawn.
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(fd_flags = fcntl(close_fd, F_GETFD));
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(
      fcntl(close_fd, F_SETFD, fd_flags | FD_CLOEXEC));
  struct inheritance inherit = {0};
  // spawn is a system call.
  child_pid = spawn(args.argv[0], 0, nullptr, &inherit, args.argv, environ);
  // Restores the current working directory.
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(fchdir(cwd_fd) != -1);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(close(cwd_fd));

#else  // GTEST_OS_QNX
#if GTEST_OS_LINUX
  // When a SIGPROF signal is received while fork() or clone() are executing,
  // the process may hang. To avoid this, we ignore SIGPROF here and re-enable
  // it after the call to fork()/clone() is complete.
  struct sigaction saved_sigprof_action;
  struct sigaction ignore_sigprof_action;
  memset(&ignore_sigprof_action, 0, sizeof(ignore_sigprof_action));
  sigemptyset(&ignore_sigprof_action.sa_mask);
  ignore_sigprof_action.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(
      sigaction(SIGPROF, &ignore_sigprof_action, &saved_sigprof_action));
#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX

#if GTEST_HAS_CLONE
  const bool use_fork = GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_use_fork);

  if (!use_fork) {
    static const bool stack_grows_down = StackGrowsDown();
    const auto stack_size = static_cast<size_t>(getpagesize() * 2);
    // MMAP_ANONYMOUS is not defined on Mac, so we use MAP_ANON instead.
    void* const stack = mmap(nullptr, stack_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                             MAP_ANON | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(stack != MAP_FAILED);

    // Maximum stack alignment in bytes:  For a downward-growing stack, this
    // amount is subtracted from size of the stack space to get an address
    // that is within the stack space and is aligned on all systems we care
    // about.  As far as I know there is no ABI with stack alignment greater
    // than 64.  We assume stack and stack_size already have alignment of
    // kMaxStackAlignment.
    const size_t kMaxStackAlignment = 64;
    void* const stack_top =
        static_cast<char*>(stack) +
        (stack_grows_down ? stack_size - kMaxStackAlignment : 0);
    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(
        static_cast<size_t>(stack_size) > kMaxStackAlignment &&
        reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(stack_top) % kMaxStackAlignment == 0);

    child_pid = clone(&ExecDeathTestChildMain, stack_top, SIGCHLD, &args);

    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(munmap(stack, stack_size) != -1);
  }
#else
  const bool use_fork = true;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_CLONE

  if (use_fork && (child_pid = fork()) == 0) {
    ExecDeathTestChildMain(&args);
    _exit(0);
  }
#endif  // GTEST_OS_QNX
#if GTEST_OS_LINUX
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(
      sigaction(SIGPROF, &saved_sigprof_action, nullptr));
#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX

  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(child_pid != -1);
  return child_pid;
}

// The AssumeRole process for a fork-and-exec death test.  It re-executes the
// main program from the beginning, setting the --gtest_filter
// and --gtest_internal_run_death_test flags to cause only the current
// death test to be re-run.
DeathTest::TestRole ExecDeathTest::AssumeRole() {
  const UnitTestImpl* const impl = GetUnitTestImpl();
  const InternalRunDeathTestFlag* const flag =
      impl->internal_run_death_test_flag();
  const TestInfo* const info = impl->current_test_info();
  const int death_test_index = info->result()->death_test_count();

  if (flag != nullptr) {
    set_write_fd(flag->write_fd());
    return EXECUTE_TEST;
  }

  int pipe_fd[2];
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(pipe(pipe_fd) != -1);
  // Clear the close-on-exec flag on the write end of the pipe, lest
  // it be closed when the child process does an exec:
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(fcntl(pipe_fd[1], F_SETFD, 0) != -1);

  const std::string filter_flag = std::string("--") + GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ +
                                  "filter=" + info->test_suite_name() + "." +
                                  info->name();
  const std::string internal_flag = std::string("--") + GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ +
                                    "internal_run_death_test=" + file_ + "|" +
                                    StreamableToString(line_) + "|" +
                                    StreamableToString(death_test_index) + "|" +
                                    StreamableToString(pipe_fd[1]);
  Arguments args;
  args.AddArguments(GetArgvsForDeathTestChildProcess());
  args.AddArgument(filter_flag.c_str());
  args.AddArgument(internal_flag.c_str());

  DeathTest::set_last_death_test_message("");

  CaptureStderr();
  // See the comment in NoExecDeathTest::AssumeRole for why the next line
  // is necessary.
  FlushInfoLog();

  const pid_t child_pid = ExecDeathTestSpawnChild(args.Argv(), pipe_fd[0]);
  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_SYSCALL_(close(pipe_fd[1]));
  set_child_pid(child_pid);
  set_read_fd(pipe_fd[0]);
  set_spawned(true);
  return OVERSEE_TEST;
}

#endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Creates a concrete DeathTest-derived class that depends on the
// --gtest_death_test_style flag, and sets the pointer pointed to
// by the "test" argument to its address.  If the test should be
// skipped, sets that pointer to NULL.  Returns true, unless the
// flag is set to an invalid value.
bool DefaultDeathTestFactory::Create(const char* statement,
                                     Matcher<const std::string&> matcher,
                                     const char* file, int line,
                                     DeathTest** test) {
  UnitTestImpl* const impl = GetUnitTestImpl();
  const InternalRunDeathTestFlag* const flag =
      impl->internal_run_death_test_flag();
  const int death_test_index =
      impl->current_test_info()->increment_death_test_count();

  if (flag != nullptr) {
    if (death_test_index > flag->index()) {
      DeathTest::set_last_death_test_message(
          "Death test count (" + StreamableToString(death_test_index) +
          ") somehow exceeded expected maximum (" +
          StreamableToString(flag->index()) + ")");
      return false;
    }

    if (!(flag->file() == file && flag->line() == line &&
          flag->index() == death_test_index)) {
      *test = nullptr;
      return true;
    }
  }

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) == "threadsafe" ||
      GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) == "fast") {
    *test = new WindowsDeathTest(statement, std::move(matcher), file, line);
  }

#elif GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) == "threadsafe" ||
      GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) == "fast") {
    *test = new FuchsiaDeathTest(statement, std::move(matcher), file, line);
  }

#else

  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) == "threadsafe") {
    *test = new ExecDeathTest(statement, std::move(matcher), file, line);
  } else if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) == "fast") {
    *test = new NoExecDeathTest(statement, std::move(matcher));
  }

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

  else {  // NOLINT - this is more readable than unbalanced brackets inside #if.
    DeathTest::set_last_death_test_message("Unknown death test style \"" +
                                           GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style) +
                                           "\" encountered");
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
// Recreates the pipe and event handles from the provided parameters,
// signals the event, and returns a file descriptor wrapped around the pipe
// handle. This function is called in the child process only.
static int GetStatusFileDescriptor(unsigned int parent_process_id,
                                   size_t write_handle_as_size_t,
                                   size_t event_handle_as_size_t) {
  AutoHandle parent_process_handle(::OpenProcess(PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE,
                                                 FALSE,  // Non-inheritable.
                                                 parent_process_id));
  if (parent_process_handle.Get() == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
    DeathTestAbort("Unable to open parent process " +
                   StreamableToString(parent_process_id));
  }

  GTEST_CHECK_(sizeof(HANDLE) <= sizeof(size_t));

  const HANDLE write_handle = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(write_handle_as_size_t);
  HANDLE dup_write_handle;

  // The newly initialized handle is accessible only in the parent
  // process. To obtain one accessible within the child, we need to use
  // DuplicateHandle.
  if (!::DuplicateHandle(parent_process_handle.Get(), write_handle,
                         ::GetCurrentProcess(), &dup_write_handle,
                         0x0,    // Requested privileges ignored since
                                 // DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS is used.
                         FALSE,  // Request non-inheritable handler.
                         DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
    DeathTestAbort("Unable to duplicate the pipe handle " +
                   StreamableToString(write_handle_as_size_t) +
                   " from the parent process " +
                   StreamableToString(parent_process_id));
  }

  const HANDLE event_handle = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(event_handle_as_size_t);
  HANDLE dup_event_handle;

  if (!::DuplicateHandle(parent_process_handle.Get(), event_handle,
                         ::GetCurrentProcess(), &dup_event_handle, 0x0, FALSE,
                         DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
    DeathTestAbort("Unable to duplicate the event handle " +
                   StreamableToString(event_handle_as_size_t) +
                   " from the parent process " +
                   StreamableToString(parent_process_id));
  }

  const int write_fd =
      ::_open_osfhandle(reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(dup_write_handle), O_APPEND);
  if (write_fd == -1) {
    DeathTestAbort("Unable to convert pipe handle " +
                   StreamableToString(write_handle_as_size_t) +
                   " to a file descriptor");
  }

  // Signals the parent that the write end of the pipe has been acquired
  // so the parent can release its own write end.
  ::SetEvent(dup_event_handle);

  return write_fd;
}
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Returns a newly created InternalRunDeathTestFlag object with fields
// initialized from the GTEST_FLAG(internal_run_death_test) flag if
// the flag is specified; otherwise returns NULL.
InternalRunDeathTestFlag* ParseInternalRunDeathTestFlag() {
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test) == "") return nullptr;

  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST implies that we have ::std::string, so we
  // can use it here.
  int line = -1;
  int index = -1;
  ::std::vector< ::std::string> fields;
  SplitString(GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test), '|', &fields);
  int write_fd = -1;

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

  unsigned int parent_process_id = 0;
  size_t write_handle_as_size_t = 0;
  size_t event_handle_as_size_t = 0;

  if (fields.size() != 6 || !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[1], &line) ||
      !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[2], &index) ||
      !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[3], &parent_process_id) ||
      !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[4], &write_handle_as_size_t) ||
      !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[5], &event_handle_as_size_t)) {
    DeathTestAbort("Bad --gtest_internal_run_death_test flag: " +
                   GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test));
  }
  write_fd = GetStatusFileDescriptor(parent_process_id, write_handle_as_size_t,
                                     event_handle_as_size_t);

#elif GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

  if (fields.size() != 3 || !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[1], &line) ||
      !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[2], &index)) {
    DeathTestAbort("Bad --gtest_internal_run_death_test flag: " +
                   GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test));
  }

#else

  if (fields.size() != 4 || !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[1], &line) ||
      !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[2], &index) ||
      !ParseNaturalNumber(fields[3], &write_fd)) {
    DeathTestAbort("Bad --gtest_internal_run_death_test flag: " +
                   GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test));
  }

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

  return new InternalRunDeathTestFlag(fields[0], line, index, write_fd);
}

}  // namespace internal

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-filepath.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"

#include <stdlib.h>

#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
#include <windows.h>
#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#include <direct.h>
#include <io.h>
#else
#include <limits.h>

#include <climits>  // Some Linux distributions define PATH_MAX here.
#endif              // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#define GTEST_PATH_MAX_ _MAX_PATH
#elif defined(PATH_MAX)
#define GTEST_PATH_MAX_ PATH_MAX
#elif defined(_XOPEN_PATH_MAX)
#define GTEST_PATH_MAX_ _XOPEN_PATH_MAX
#else
#define GTEST_PATH_MAX_ _POSIX_PATH_MAX
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
// On Windows, '\\' is the standard path separator, but many tools and the
// Windows API also accept '/' as an alternate path separator. Unless otherwise
// noted, a file path can contain either kind of path separators, or a mixture
// of them.
const char kPathSeparator = '\\';
const char kAlternatePathSeparator = '/';
const char kAlternatePathSeparatorString[] = "/";
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
// Windows CE doesn't have a current directory. You should not use
// the current directory in tests on Windows CE, but this at least
// provides a reasonable fallback.
const char kCurrentDirectoryString[] = "\\";
// Windows CE doesn't define INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES
const DWORD kInvalidFileAttributes = 0xffffffff;
#else
const char kCurrentDirectoryString[] = ".\\";
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
#else
const char kPathSeparator = '/';
const char kCurrentDirectoryString[] = "./";
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Returns whether the given character is a valid path separator.
static bool IsPathSeparator(char c) {
#if GTEST_HAS_ALT_PATH_SEP_
  return (c == kPathSeparator) || (c == kAlternatePathSeparator);
#else
  return c == kPathSeparator;
#endif
}

// Returns the current working directory, or "" if unsuccessful.
FilePath FilePath::GetCurrentDir() {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE ||         \
    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_ESP32 || \
    GTEST_OS_XTENSA
  // These platforms do not have a current directory, so we just return
  // something reasonable.
  return FilePath(kCurrentDirectoryString);
#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  char cwd[GTEST_PATH_MAX_ + 1] = {'\0'};
  return FilePath(_getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)) == nullptr ? "" : cwd);
#else
  char cwd[GTEST_PATH_MAX_ + 1] = {'\0'};
  char* result = getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd));
#if GTEST_OS_NACL
  // getcwd will likely fail in NaCl due to the sandbox, so return something
  // reasonable. The user may have provided a shim implementation for getcwd,
  // however, so fallback only when failure is detected.
  return FilePath(result == nullptr ? kCurrentDirectoryString : cwd);
#endif  // GTEST_OS_NACL
  return FilePath(result == nullptr ? "" : cwd);
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
}

// Returns a copy of the FilePath with the case-insensitive extension removed.
// Example: FilePath("dir/file.exe").RemoveExtension("EXE") returns
// FilePath("dir/file"). If a case-insensitive extension is not
// found, returns a copy of the original FilePath.
FilePath FilePath::RemoveExtension(const char* extension) const {
  const std::string dot_extension = std::string(".") + extension;
  if (String::EndsWithCaseInsensitive(pathname_, dot_extension)) {
    return FilePath(
        pathname_.substr(0, pathname_.length() - dot_extension.length()));
  }
  return *this;
}

// Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of a valid path separator in
// the FilePath. On Windows, for example, both '/' and '\' are valid path
// separators. Returns NULL if no path separator was found.
const char* FilePath::FindLastPathSeparator() const {
  const char* const last_sep = strrchr(c_str(), kPathSeparator);
#if GTEST_HAS_ALT_PATH_SEP_
  const char* const last_alt_sep = strrchr(c_str(), kAlternatePathSeparator);
  // Comparing two pointers of which only one is NULL is undefined.
  if (last_alt_sep != nullptr &&
      (last_sep == nullptr || last_alt_sep > last_sep)) {
    return last_alt_sep;
  }
#endif
  return last_sep;
}

// Returns a copy of the FilePath with the directory part removed.
// Example: FilePath("path/to/file").RemoveDirectoryName() returns
// FilePath("file"). If there is no directory part ("just_a_file"), it returns
// the FilePath unmodified. If there is no file part ("just_a_dir/") it
// returns an empty FilePath ("").
// On Windows platform, '\' is the path separator, otherwise it is '/'.
FilePath FilePath::RemoveDirectoryName() const {
  const char* const last_sep = FindLastPathSeparator();
  return last_sep ? FilePath(last_sep + 1) : *this;
}

// RemoveFileName returns the directory path with the filename removed.
// Example: FilePath("path/to/file").RemoveFileName() returns "path/to/".
// If the FilePath is "a_file" or "/a_file", RemoveFileName returns
// FilePath("./") or, on Windows, FilePath(".\\"). If the filepath does
// not have a file, like "just/a/dir/", it returns the FilePath unmodified.
// On Windows platform, '\' is the path separator, otherwise it is '/'.
FilePath FilePath::RemoveFileName() const {
  const char* const last_sep = FindLastPathSeparator();
  std::string dir;
  if (last_sep) {
    dir = std::string(c_str(), static_cast<size_t>(last_sep + 1 - c_str()));
  } else {
    dir = kCurrentDirectoryString;
  }
  return FilePath(dir);
}

// Helper functions for naming files in a directory for xml output.

// Given directory = "dir", base_name = "test", number = 0,
// extension = "xml", returns "dir/test.xml". If number is greater
// than zero (e.g., 12), returns "dir/test_12.xml".
// On Windows platform, uses \ as the separator rather than /.
FilePath FilePath::MakeFileName(const FilePath& directory,
                                const FilePath& base_name, int number,
                                const char* extension) {
  std::string file;
  if (number == 0) {
    file = base_name.string() + "." + extension;
  } else {
    file =
        base_name.string() + "_" + StreamableToString(number) + "." + extension;
  }
  return ConcatPaths(directory, FilePath(file));
}

// Given directory = "dir", relative_path = "test.xml", returns "dir/test.xml".
// On Windows, uses \ as the separator rather than /.
FilePath FilePath::ConcatPaths(const FilePath& directory,
                               const FilePath& relative_path) {
  if (directory.IsEmpty()) return relative_path;
  const FilePath dir(directory.RemoveTrailingPathSeparator());
  return FilePath(dir.string() + kPathSeparator + relative_path.string());
}

// Returns true if pathname describes something findable in the file-system,
// either a file, directory, or whatever.
bool FilePath::FileOrDirectoryExists() const {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
  LPCWSTR unicode = String::AnsiToUtf16(pathname_.c_str());
  const DWORD attributes = GetFileAttributes(unicode);
  delete[] unicode;
  return attributes != kInvalidFileAttributes;
#else
  posix::StatStruct file_stat{};
  return posix::Stat(pathname_.c_str(), &file_stat) == 0;
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
}

// Returns true if pathname describes a directory in the file-system
// that exists.
bool FilePath::DirectoryExists() const {
  bool result = false;
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  // Don't strip off trailing separator if path is a root directory on
  // Windows (like "C:\\").
  const FilePath& path(IsRootDirectory() ? *this
                                         : RemoveTrailingPathSeparator());
#else
  const FilePath& path(*this);
#endif

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
  LPCWSTR unicode = String::AnsiToUtf16(path.c_str());
  const DWORD attributes = GetFileAttributes(unicode);
  delete[] unicode;
  if ((attributes != kInvalidFileAttributes) &&
      (attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)) {
    result = true;
  }
#else
  posix::StatStruct file_stat{};
  result =
      posix::Stat(path.c_str(), &file_stat) == 0 && posix::IsDir(file_stat);
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

  return result;
}

// Returns true if pathname describes a root directory. (Windows has one
// root directory per disk drive.)
bool FilePath::IsRootDirectory() const {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  return pathname_.length() == 3 && IsAbsolutePath();
#else
  return pathname_.length() == 1 && IsPathSeparator(pathname_.c_str()[0]);
#endif
}

// Returns true if pathname describes an absolute path.
bool FilePath::IsAbsolutePath() const {
  const char* const name = pathname_.c_str();
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  return pathname_.length() >= 3 &&
         ((name[0] >= 'a' && name[0] <= 'z') ||
          (name[0] >= 'A' && name[0] <= 'Z')) &&
         name[1] == ':' && IsPathSeparator(name[2]);
#else
  return IsPathSeparator(name[0]);
#endif
}

// Returns a pathname for a file that does not currently exist. The pathname
// will be directory/base_name.extension or
// directory/base_name_<number>.extension if directory/base_name.extension
// already exists. The number will be incremented until a pathname is found
// that does not already exist.
// Examples: 'dir/foo_test.xml' or 'dir/foo_test_1.xml'.
// There could be a race condition if two or more processes are calling this
// function at the same time -- they could both pick the same filename.
FilePath FilePath::GenerateUniqueFileName(const FilePath& directory,
                                          const FilePath& base_name,
                                          const char* extension) {
  FilePath full_pathname;
  int number = 0;
  do {
    full_pathname.Set(MakeFileName(directory, base_name, number++, extension));
  } while (full_pathname.FileOrDirectoryExists());
  return full_pathname;
}

// Returns true if FilePath ends with a path separator, which indicates that
// it is intended to represent a directory. Returns false otherwise.
// This does NOT check that a directory (or file) actually exists.
bool FilePath::IsDirectory() const {
  return !pathname_.empty() &&
         IsPathSeparator(pathname_.c_str()[pathname_.length() - 1]);
}

// Create directories so that path exists. Returns true if successful or if
// the directories already exist; returns false if unable to create directories
// for any reason.
bool FilePath::CreateDirectoriesRecursively() const {
  if (!this->IsDirectory()) {
    return false;
  }

  if (pathname_.length() == 0 || this->DirectoryExists()) {
    return true;
  }

  const FilePath parent(this->RemoveTrailingPathSeparator().RemoveFileName());
  return parent.CreateDirectoriesRecursively() && this->CreateFolder();
}

// Create the directory so that path exists. Returns true if successful or
// if the directory already exists; returns false if unable to create the
// directory for any reason, including if the parent directory does not
// exist. Not named "CreateDirectory" because that's a macro on Windows.
bool FilePath::CreateFolder() const {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
  FilePath removed_sep(this->RemoveTrailingPathSeparator());
  LPCWSTR unicode = String::AnsiToUtf16(removed_sep.c_str());
  int result = CreateDirectory(unicode, nullptr) ? 0 : -1;
  delete[] unicode;
#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  int result = _mkdir(pathname_.c_str());
#elif GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA
  // do nothing
  int result = 0;
#else
  int result = mkdir(pathname_.c_str(), 0777);
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

  if (result == -1) {
    return this->DirectoryExists();  // An error is OK if the directory exists.
  }
  return true;  // No error.
}

// If input name has a trailing separator character, remove it and return the
// name, otherwise return the name string unmodified.
// On Windows platform, uses \ as the separator, other platforms use /.
FilePath FilePath::RemoveTrailingPathSeparator() const {
  return IsDirectory() ? FilePath(pathname_.substr(0, pathname_.length() - 1))
                       : *this;
}

// Removes any redundant separators that might be in the pathname.
// For example, "bar///foo" becomes "bar/foo". Does not eliminate other
// redundancies that might be in a pathname involving "." or "..".
void FilePath::Normalize() {
  auto out = pathname_.begin();

  for (const char character : pathname_) {
    if (!IsPathSeparator(character)) {
      *(out++) = character;
    } else if (out == pathname_.begin() || *std::prev(out) != kPathSeparator) {
      *(out++) = kPathSeparator;
    } else {
      continue;
    }
  }

  pathname_.erase(out, pathname_.end());
}

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Utility functions and classes used by the Google C++ testing framework.//
// This file contains purely Google Test's internal implementation.  Please
// DO NOT #INCLUDE IT IN A USER PROGRAM.

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_

#ifndef _WIN32_WCE
#include <errno.h>
#endif  // !_WIN32_WCE
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>  // For strtoll/_strtoul64/malloc/free.
#include <string.h>  // For memmove.

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdint>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
#include <arpa/inet.h>  // NOLINT
#include <netdb.h>      // NOLINT
#endif

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
#endif                // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

// Declares the flags.
//
// We don't want the users to modify this flag in the code, but want
// Google Test's own unit tests to be able to access it. Therefore we
// declare it here as opposed to in gtest.h.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(death_test_use_fork);

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// The value of GetTestTypeId() as seen from within the Google Test
// library.  This is solely for testing GetTestTypeId().
GTEST_API_ extern const TypeId kTestTypeIdInGoogleTest;

// A valid random seed must be in [1, kMaxRandomSeed].
const int kMaxRandomSeed = 99999;

// g_help_flag is true if and only if the --help flag or an equivalent form
// is specified on the command line.
GTEST_API_ extern bool g_help_flag;

// Returns the current time in milliseconds.
GTEST_API_ TimeInMillis GetTimeInMillis();

// Returns true if and only if Google Test should use colors in the output.
GTEST_API_ bool ShouldUseColor(bool stdout_is_tty);

// Formats the given time in milliseconds as seconds.
GTEST_API_ std::string FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(TimeInMillis ms);

// Converts the given time in milliseconds to a date string in the ISO 8601
// format, without the timezone information.  N.B.: due to the use the
// non-reentrant localtime() function, this function is not thread safe.  Do
// not use it in any code that can be called from multiple threads.
GTEST_API_ std::string FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(TimeInMillis ms);

// Parses a string for an Int32 flag, in the form of "--flag=value".
//
// On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
// true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
GTEST_API_ bool ParseFlag(const char* str, const char* flag, int32_t* value);

// Returns a random seed in range [1, kMaxRandomSeed] based on the
// given --gtest_random_seed flag value.
inline int GetRandomSeedFromFlag(int32_t random_seed_flag) {
  const unsigned int raw_seed =
      (random_seed_flag == 0) ? static_cast<unsigned int>(GetTimeInMillis())
                              : static_cast<unsigned int>(random_seed_flag);

  // Normalizes the actual seed to range [1, kMaxRandomSeed] such that
  // it's easy to type.
  const int normalized_seed =
      static_cast<int>((raw_seed - 1U) %
                       static_cast<unsigned int>(kMaxRandomSeed)) +
      1;
  return normalized_seed;
}

// Returns the first valid random seed after 'seed'.  The behavior is
// undefined if 'seed' is invalid.  The seed after kMaxRandomSeed is
// considered to be 1.
inline int GetNextRandomSeed(int seed) {
  GTEST_CHECK_(1 <= seed && seed <= kMaxRandomSeed)
      << "Invalid random seed " << seed << " - must be in [1, "
      << kMaxRandomSeed << "].";
  const int next_seed = seed + 1;
  return (next_seed > kMaxRandomSeed) ? 1 : next_seed;
}

// This class saves the values of all Google Test flags in its c'tor, and
// restores them in its d'tor.
class GTestFlagSaver {
 public:
  // The c'tor.
  GTestFlagSaver() {
    also_run_disabled_tests_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(also_run_disabled_tests);
    break_on_failure_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(break_on_failure);
    catch_exceptions_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(catch_exceptions);
    color_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(color);
    death_test_style_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_style);
    death_test_use_fork_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(death_test_use_fork);
    fail_fast_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(fail_fast);
    filter_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(filter);
    internal_run_death_test_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test);
    list_tests_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(list_tests);
    output_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(output);
    brief_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(brief);
    print_time_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_time);
    print_utf8_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_utf8);
    random_seed_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(random_seed);
    repeat_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(repeat);
    recreate_environments_when_repeating_ =
        GTEST_FLAG_GET(recreate_environments_when_repeating);
    shuffle_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(shuffle);
    stack_trace_depth_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(stack_trace_depth);
    stream_result_to_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(stream_result_to);
    throw_on_failure_ = GTEST_FLAG_GET(throw_on_failure);
  }

  // The d'tor is not virtual.  DO NOT INHERIT FROM THIS CLASS.
  ~GTestFlagSaver() {
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(also_run_disabled_tests, also_run_disabled_tests_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(break_on_failure, break_on_failure_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(catch_exceptions, catch_exceptions_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(color, color_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(death_test_style, death_test_style_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(death_test_use_fork, death_test_use_fork_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(filter, filter_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(fail_fast, fail_fast_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(internal_run_death_test, internal_run_death_test_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(list_tests, list_tests_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(output, output_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(brief, brief_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(print_time, print_time_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(print_utf8, print_utf8_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(random_seed, random_seed_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(repeat, repeat_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(recreate_environments_when_repeating,
                   recreate_environments_when_repeating_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(shuffle, shuffle_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(stack_trace_depth, stack_trace_depth_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(stream_result_to, stream_result_to_);
    GTEST_FLAG_SET(throw_on_failure, throw_on_failure_);
  }

 private:
  // Fields for saving the original values of flags.
  bool also_run_disabled_tests_;
  bool break_on_failure_;
  bool catch_exceptions_;
  std::string color_;
  std::string death_test_style_;
  bool death_test_use_fork_;
  bool fail_fast_;
  std::string filter_;
  std::string internal_run_death_test_;
  bool list_tests_;
  std::string output_;
  bool brief_;
  bool print_time_;
  bool print_utf8_;
  int32_t random_seed_;
  int32_t repeat_;
  bool recreate_environments_when_repeating_;
  bool shuffle_;
  int32_t stack_trace_depth_;
  std::string stream_result_to_;
  bool throw_on_failure_;
} GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;

// Converts a Unicode code point to a narrow string in UTF-8 encoding.
// code_point parameter is of type UInt32 because wchar_t may not be
// wide enough to contain a code point.
// If the code_point is not a valid Unicode code point
// (i.e. outside of Unicode range U+0 to U+10FFFF) it will be converted
// to "(Invalid Unicode 0xXXXXXXXX)".
GTEST_API_ std::string CodePointToUtf8(uint32_t code_point);

// Converts a wide string to a narrow string in UTF-8 encoding.
// The wide string is assumed to have the following encoding:
//   UTF-16 if sizeof(wchar_t) == 2 (on Windows, Cygwin)
//   UTF-32 if sizeof(wchar_t) == 4 (on Linux)
// Parameter str points to a null-terminated wide string.
// Parameter num_chars may additionally limit the number
// of wchar_t characters processed. -1 is used when the entire string
// should be processed.
// If the string contains code points that are not valid Unicode code points
// (i.e. outside of Unicode range U+0 to U+10FFFF) they will be output
// as '(Invalid Unicode 0xXXXXXXXX)'. If the string is in UTF16 encoding
// and contains invalid UTF-16 surrogate pairs, values in those pairs
// will be encoded as individual Unicode characters from Basic Normal Plane.
GTEST_API_ std::string WideStringToUtf8(const wchar_t* str, int num_chars);

// Reads the GTEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE environment variable, and creates the file
// if the variable is present. If a file already exists at this location, this
// function will write over it. If the variable is present, but the file cannot
// be created, prints an error and exits.
void WriteToShardStatusFileIfNeeded();

// Checks whether sharding is enabled by examining the relevant
// environment variable values. If the variables are present,
// but inconsistent (e.g., shard_index >= total_shards), prints
// an error and exits. If in_subprocess_for_death_test, sharding is
// disabled because it must only be applied to the original test
// process. Otherwise, we could filter out death tests we intended to execute.
GTEST_API_ bool ShouldShard(const char* total_shards_str,
                            const char* shard_index_str,
                            bool in_subprocess_for_death_test);

// Parses the environment variable var as a 32-bit integer. If it is unset,
// returns default_val. If it is not a 32-bit integer, prints an error and
// and aborts.
GTEST_API_ int32_t Int32FromEnvOrDie(const char* env_var, int32_t default_val);

// Given the total number of shards, the shard index, and the test id,
// returns true if and only if the test should be run on this shard. The test id
// is some arbitrary but unique non-negative integer assigned to each test
// method. Assumes that 0 <= shard_index < total_shards.
GTEST_API_ bool ShouldRunTestOnShard(int total_shards, int shard_index,
                                     int test_id);

// STL container utilities.

// Returns the number of elements in the given container that satisfy
// the given predicate.
template <class Container, typename Predicate>
inline int CountIf(const Container& c, Predicate predicate) {
  // Implemented as an explicit loop since std::count_if() in libCstd on
  // Solaris has a non-standard signature.
  int count = 0;
  for (auto it = c.begin(); it != c.end(); ++it) {
    if (predicate(*it)) ++count;
  }
  return count;
}

// Applies a function/functor to each element in the container.
template <class Container, typename Functor>
void ForEach(const Container& c, Functor functor) {
  std::for_each(c.begin(), c.end(), functor);
}

// Returns the i-th element of the vector, or default_value if i is not
// in range [0, v.size()).
template <typename E>
inline E GetElementOr(const std::vector<E>& v, int i, E default_value) {
  return (i < 0 || i >= static_cast<int>(v.size())) ? default_value
                                                    : v[static_cast<size_t>(i)];
}

// Performs an in-place shuffle of a range of the vector's elements.
// 'begin' and 'end' are element indices as an STL-style range;
// i.e. [begin, end) are shuffled, where 'end' == size() means to
// shuffle to the end of the vector.
template <typename E>
void ShuffleRange(internal::Random* random, int begin, int end,
                  std::vector<E>* v) {
  const int size = static_cast<int>(v->size());
  GTEST_CHECK_(0 <= begin && begin <= size)
      << "Invalid shuffle range start " << begin << ": must be in range [0, "
      << size << "].";
  GTEST_CHECK_(begin <= end && end <= size)
      << "Invalid shuffle range finish " << end << ": must be in range ["
      << begin << ", " << size << "].";

  // Fisher-Yates shuffle, from
  // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher-Yates_shuffle
  for (int range_width = end - begin; range_width >= 2; range_width--) {
    const int last_in_range = begin + range_width - 1;
    const int selected =
        begin +
        static_cast<int>(random->Generate(static_cast<uint32_t>(range_width)));
    std::swap((*v)[static_cast<size_t>(selected)],
              (*v)[static_cast<size_t>(last_in_range)]);
  }
}

// Performs an in-place shuffle of the vector's elements.
template <typename E>
inline void Shuffle(internal::Random* random, std::vector<E>* v) {
  ShuffleRange(random, 0, static_cast<int>(v->size()), v);
}

// A function for deleting an object.  Handy for being used as a
// functor.
template <typename T>
static void Delete(T* x) {
  delete x;
}

// A predicate that checks the key of a TestProperty against a known key.
//
// TestPropertyKeyIs is copyable.
class TestPropertyKeyIs {
 public:
  // Constructor.
  //
  // TestPropertyKeyIs has NO default constructor.
  explicit TestPropertyKeyIs(const std::string& key) : key_(key) {}

  // Returns true if and only if the test name of test property matches on key_.
  bool operator()(const TestProperty& test_property) const {
    return test_property.key() == key_;
  }

 private:
  std::string key_;
};

// Class UnitTestOptions.
//
// This class contains functions for processing options the user
// specifies when running the tests.  It has only static members.
//
// In most cases, the user can specify an option using either an
// environment variable or a command line flag.  E.g. you can set the
// test filter using either GTEST_FILTER or --gtest_filter.  If both
// the variable and the flag are present, the latter overrides the
// former.
class GTEST_API_ UnitTestOptions {
 public:
  // Functions for processing the gtest_output flag.

  // Returns the output format, or "" for normal printed output.
  static std::string GetOutputFormat();

  // Returns the absolute path of the requested output file, or the
  // default (test_detail.xml in the original working directory) if
  // none was explicitly specified.
  static std::string GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile();

  // Functions for processing the gtest_filter flag.

  // Returns true if and only if the user-specified filter matches the test
  // suite name and the test name.
  static bool FilterMatchesTest(const std::string& test_suite_name,
                                const std::string& test_name);

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  // Function for supporting the gtest_catch_exception flag.

  // Returns EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER if Google Test should handle the
  // given SEH exception, or EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH otherwise.
  // This function is useful as an __except condition.
  static int GTestShouldProcessSEH(DWORD exception_code);
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

  // Returns true if "name" matches the ':' separated list of glob-style
  // filters in "filter".
  static bool MatchesFilter(const std::string& name, const char* filter);
};

// Returns the current application's name, removing directory path if that
// is present.  Used by UnitTestOptions::GetOutputFile.
GTEST_API_ FilePath GetCurrentExecutableName();

// The role interface for getting the OS stack trace as a string.
class OsStackTraceGetterInterface {
 public:
  OsStackTraceGetterInterface() {}
  virtual ~OsStackTraceGetterInterface() {}

  // Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.  Parameters:
  //
  //   max_depth  - the maximum number of stack frames to be included
  //                in the trace.
  //   skip_count - the number of top frames to be skipped; doesn't count
  //                against max_depth.
  virtual std::string CurrentStackTrace(int max_depth, int skip_count) = 0;

  // UponLeavingGTest() should be called immediately before Google Test calls
  // user code. It saves some information about the current stack that
  // CurrentStackTrace() will use to find and hide Google Test stack frames.
  virtual void UponLeavingGTest() = 0;

  // This string is inserted in place of stack frames that are part of
  // Google Test's implementation.
  static const char* const kElidedFramesMarker;

 private:
  OsStackTraceGetterInterface(const OsStackTraceGetterInterface&) = delete;
  OsStackTraceGetterInterface& operator=(const OsStackTraceGetterInterface&) =
      delete;
};

// A working implementation of the OsStackTraceGetterInterface interface.
class OsStackTraceGetter : public OsStackTraceGetterInterface {
 public:
  OsStackTraceGetter() {}

  std::string CurrentStackTrace(int max_depth, int skip_count) override;
  void UponLeavingGTest() override;

 private:
#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
  Mutex mutex_;  // Protects all internal state.

  // We save the stack frame below the frame that calls user code.
  // We do this because the address of the frame immediately below
  // the user code changes between the call to UponLeavingGTest()
  // and any calls to the stack trace code from within the user code.
  void* caller_frame_ = nullptr;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

  OsStackTraceGetter(const OsStackTraceGetter&) = delete;
  OsStackTraceGetter& operator=(const OsStackTraceGetter&) = delete;
};

// Information about a Google Test trace point.
struct TraceInfo {
  const char* file;
  int line;
  std::string message;
};

// This is the default global test part result reporter used in UnitTestImpl.
// This class should only be used by UnitTestImpl.
class DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter
    : public TestPartResultReporterInterface {
 public:
  explicit DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter(UnitTestImpl* unit_test);
  // Implements the TestPartResultReporterInterface. Reports the test part
  // result in the current test.
  void ReportTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;

 private:
  UnitTestImpl* const unit_test_;

  DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter(
      const DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter&) = delete;
  DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter& operator=(
      const DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter&) = delete;
};

// This is the default per thread test part result reporter used in
// UnitTestImpl. This class should only be used by UnitTestImpl.
class DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter
    : public TestPartResultReporterInterface {
 public:
  explicit DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter(UnitTestImpl* unit_test);
  // Implements the TestPartResultReporterInterface. The implementation just
  // delegates to the current global test part result reporter of *unit_test_.
  void ReportTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;

 private:
  UnitTestImpl* const unit_test_;

  DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter(
      const DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter&) = delete;
  DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter& operator=(
      const DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter&) = delete;
};

// The private implementation of the UnitTest class.  We don't protect
// the methods under a mutex, as this class is not accessible by a
// user and the UnitTest class that delegates work to this class does
// proper locking.
class GTEST_API_ UnitTestImpl {
 public:
  explicit UnitTestImpl(UnitTest* parent);
  virtual ~UnitTestImpl();

  // There are two different ways to register your own TestPartResultReporter.
  // You can register your own repoter to listen either only for test results
  // from the current thread or for results from all threads.
  // By default, each per-thread test result repoter just passes a new
  // TestPartResult to the global test result reporter, which registers the
  // test part result for the currently running test.

  // Returns the global test part result reporter.
  TestPartResultReporterInterface* GetGlobalTestPartResultReporter();

  // Sets the global test part result reporter.
  void SetGlobalTestPartResultReporter(
      TestPartResultReporterInterface* reporter);

  // Returns the test part result reporter for the current thread.
  TestPartResultReporterInterface* GetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread();

  // Sets the test part result reporter for the current thread.
  void SetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread(
      TestPartResultReporterInterface* reporter);

  // Gets the number of successful test suites.
  int successful_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed test suites.
  int failed_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all test suites.
  int total_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all test suites that contain at least one test
  // that should run.
  int test_suite_to_run_count() const;

  // Gets the number of successful tests.
  int successful_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of skipped tests.
  int skipped_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed tests.
  int failed_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
  int reportable_disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests.
  int disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
  int reportable_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all tests.
  int total_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests that should run.
  int test_to_run_count() const;

  // Gets the time of the test program start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp() const { return start_timestamp_; }

  // Gets the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const { return elapsed_time_; }

  // Returns true if and only if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites
  // passed).
  bool Passed() const { return !Failed(); }

  // Returns true if and only if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite
  // failed or something outside of all tests failed).
  bool Failed() const {
    return failed_test_suite_count() > 0 || ad_hoc_test_result()->Failed();
  }

  // Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  const TestSuite* GetTestSuite(int i) const {
    const int index = GetElementOr(test_suite_indices_, i, -1);
    return index < 0 ? nullptr : test_suites_[static_cast<size_t>(i)];
  }

  //  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  const TestCase* GetTestCase(int i) const { return GetTestSuite(i); }
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  TestSuite* GetMutableSuiteCase(int i) {
    const int index = GetElementOr(test_suite_indices_, i, -1);
    return index < 0 ? nullptr : test_suites_[static_cast<size_t>(index)];
  }

  // Provides access to the event listener list.
  TestEventListeners* listeners() { return &listeners_; }

  // Returns the TestResult for the test that's currently running, or
  // the TestResult for the ad hoc test if no test is running.
  TestResult* current_test_result();

  // Returns the TestResult for the ad hoc test.
  const TestResult* ad_hoc_test_result() const { return &ad_hoc_test_result_; }

  // Sets the OS stack trace getter.
  //
  // Does nothing if the input and the current OS stack trace getter
  // are the same; otherwise, deletes the old getter and makes the
  // input the current getter.
  void set_os_stack_trace_getter(OsStackTraceGetterInterface* getter);

  // Returns the current OS stack trace getter if it is not NULL;
  // otherwise, creates an OsStackTraceGetter, makes it the current
  // getter, and returns it.
  OsStackTraceGetterInterface* os_stack_trace_getter();

  // Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.
  //
  // The maximum number of stack frames to be included is specified by
  // the gtest_stack_trace_depth flag.  The skip_count parameter
  // specifies the number of top frames to be skipped, which doesn't
  // count against the number of frames to be included.
  //
  // For example, if Foo() calls Bar(), which in turn calls
  // CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(1), Foo() will be included in the
  // trace but Bar() and CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop() won't.
  std::string CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(int skip_count)
      GTEST_NO_INLINE_ GTEST_NO_TAIL_CALL_;

  // Finds and returns a TestSuite with the given name.  If one doesn't
  // exist, creates one and returns it.
  //
  // Arguments:
  //
  //   test_suite_name: name of the test suite
  //   type_param:      the name of the test's type parameter, or NULL if
  //                    this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test.
  //   set_up_tc:       pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
  //   tear_down_tc:    pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
  TestSuite* GetTestSuite(const char* test_suite_name, const char* type_param,
                          internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
                          internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc);

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  TestCase* GetTestCase(const char* test_case_name, const char* type_param,
                        internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
                        internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc) {
    return GetTestSuite(test_case_name, type_param, set_up_tc, tear_down_tc);
  }
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Adds a TestInfo to the unit test.
  //
  // Arguments:
  //
  //   set_up_tc:    pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
  //   tear_down_tc: pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
  //   test_info:    the TestInfo object
  void AddTestInfo(internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
                   internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc,
                   TestInfo* test_info) {
#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
    // In order to support thread-safe death tests, we need to
    // remember the original working directory when the test program
    // was first invoked.  We cannot do this in RUN_ALL_TESTS(), as
    // the user may have changed the current directory before calling
    // RUN_ALL_TESTS().  Therefore we capture the current directory in
    // AddTestInfo(), which is called to register a TEST or TEST_F
    // before main() is reached.
    if (original_working_dir_.IsEmpty()) {
      original_working_dir_.Set(FilePath::GetCurrentDir());
      GTEST_CHECK_(!original_working_dir_.IsEmpty())
          << "Failed to get the current working directory.";
    }
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

    GetTestSuite(test_info->test_suite_name(), test_info->type_param(),
                 set_up_tc, tear_down_tc)
        ->AddTestInfo(test_info);
  }

  // Returns ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry object used to keep track of
  // value-parameterized tests and instantiate and register them.
  internal::ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry& parameterized_test_registry() {
    return parameterized_test_registry_;
  }

  std::set<std::string>* ignored_parameterized_test_suites() {
    return &ignored_parameterized_test_suites_;
  }

  // Returns TypeParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry object used to keep track of
  // type-parameterized tests and instantiations of them.
  internal::TypeParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry&
  type_parameterized_test_registry() {
    return type_parameterized_test_registry_;
  }

  // Sets the TestSuite object for the test that's currently running.
  void set_current_test_suite(TestSuite* a_current_test_suite) {
    current_test_suite_ = a_current_test_suite;
  }

  // Sets the TestInfo object for the test that's currently running.  If
  // current_test_info is NULL, the assertion results will be stored in
  // ad_hoc_test_result_.
  void set_current_test_info(TestInfo* a_current_test_info) {
    current_test_info_ = a_current_test_info;
  }

  // Registers all parameterized tests defined using TEST_P and
  // INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P, creating regular tests for each test/parameter
  // combination. This method can be called more then once; it has guards
  // protecting from registering the tests more then once.  If
  // value-parameterized tests are disabled, RegisterParameterizedTests is
  // present but does nothing.
  void RegisterParameterizedTests();

  // Runs all tests in this UnitTest object, prints the result, and
  // returns true if all tests are successful.  If any exception is
  // thrown during a test, this test is considered to be failed, but
  // the rest of the tests will still be run.
  bool RunAllTests();

  // Clears the results of all tests, except the ad hoc tests.
  void ClearNonAdHocTestResult() {
    ForEach(test_suites_, TestSuite::ClearTestSuiteResult);
  }

  // Clears the results of ad-hoc test assertions.
  void ClearAdHocTestResult() { ad_hoc_test_result_.Clear(); }

  // Adds a TestProperty to the current TestResult object when invoked in a
  // context of a test or a test suite, or to the global property set. If the
  // result already contains a property with the same key, the value will be
  // updated.
  void RecordProperty(const TestProperty& test_property);

  enum ReactionToSharding { HONOR_SHARDING_PROTOCOL, IGNORE_SHARDING_PROTOCOL };

  // Matches the full name of each test against the user-specified
  // filter to decide whether the test should run, then records the
  // result in each TestSuite and TestInfo object.
  // If shard_tests == HONOR_SHARDING_PROTOCOL, further filters tests
  // based on sharding variables in the environment.
  // Returns the number of tests that should run.
  int FilterTests(ReactionToSharding shard_tests);

  // Prints the names of the tests matching the user-specified filter flag.
  void ListTestsMatchingFilter();

  const TestSuite* current_test_suite() const { return current_test_suite_; }
  TestInfo* current_test_info() { return current_test_info_; }
  const TestInfo* current_test_info() const { return current_test_info_; }

  // Returns the vector of environments that need to be set-up/torn-down
  // before/after the tests are run.
  std::vector<Environment*>& environments() { return environments_; }

  // Getters for the per-thread Google Test trace stack.
  std::vector<TraceInfo>& gtest_trace_stack() {
    return *(gtest_trace_stack_.pointer());
  }
  const std::vector<TraceInfo>& gtest_trace_stack() const {
    return gtest_trace_stack_.get();
  }

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
  void InitDeathTestSubprocessControlInfo() {
    internal_run_death_test_flag_.reset(ParseInternalRunDeathTestFlag());
  }
  // Returns a pointer to the parsed --gtest_internal_run_death_test
  // flag, or NULL if that flag was not specified.
  // This information is useful only in a death test child process.
  // Must not be called before a call to InitGoogleTest.
  const InternalRunDeathTestFlag* internal_run_death_test_flag() const {
    return internal_run_death_test_flag_.get();
  }

  // Returns a pointer to the current death test factory.
  internal::DeathTestFactory* death_test_factory() {
    return death_test_factory_.get();
  }

  void SuppressTestEventsIfInSubprocess();

  friend class ReplaceDeathTestFactory;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

  // Initializes the event listener performing XML output as specified by
  // UnitTestOptions. Must not be called before InitGoogleTest.
  void ConfigureXmlOutput();

#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
  // Initializes the event listener for streaming test results to a socket.
  // Must not be called before InitGoogleTest.
  void ConfigureStreamingOutput();
#endif

  // Performs initialization dependent upon flag values obtained in
  // ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly.  Is called from InitGoogleTest after the call to
  // ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly.  In case a user neglects to call InitGoogleTest
  // this function is also called from RunAllTests.  Since this function can be
  // called more than once, it has to be idempotent.
  void PostFlagParsingInit();

  // Gets the random seed used at the start of the current test iteration.
  int random_seed() const { return random_seed_; }

  // Gets the random number generator.
  internal::Random* random() { return &random_; }

  // Shuffles all test suites, and the tests within each test suite,
  // making sure that death tests are still run first.
  void ShuffleTests();

  // Restores the test suites and tests to their order before the first shuffle.
  void UnshuffleTests();

  // Returns the value of GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions) at the moment
  // UnitTest::Run() starts.
  bool catch_exceptions() const { return catch_exceptions_; }

 private:
  friend class ::testing::UnitTest;

  // Used by UnitTest::Run() to capture the state of
  // GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions) at the moment it starts.
  void set_catch_exceptions(bool value) { catch_exceptions_ = value; }

  // The UnitTest object that owns this implementation object.
  UnitTest* const parent_;

  // The working directory when the first TEST() or TEST_F() was
  // executed.
  internal::FilePath original_working_dir_;

  // The default test part result reporters.
  DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter default_global_test_part_result_reporter_;
  DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter
      default_per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_;

  // Points to (but doesn't own) the global test part result reporter.
  TestPartResultReporterInterface* global_test_part_result_repoter_;

  // Protects read and write access to global_test_part_result_reporter_.
  internal::Mutex global_test_part_result_reporter_mutex_;

  // Points to (but doesn't own) the per-thread test part result reporter.
  internal::ThreadLocal<TestPartResultReporterInterface*>
      per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_;

  // The vector of environments that need to be set-up/torn-down
  // before/after the tests are run.
  std::vector<Environment*> environments_;

  // The vector of TestSuites in their original order.  It owns the
  // elements in the vector.
  std::vector<TestSuite*> test_suites_;

  // Provides a level of indirection for the test suite list to allow
  // easy shuffling and restoring the test suite order.  The i-th
  // element of this vector is the index of the i-th test suite in the
  // shuffled order.
  std::vector<int> test_suite_indices_;

  // ParameterizedTestRegistry object used to register value-parameterized
  // tests.
  internal::ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry parameterized_test_registry_;
  internal::TypeParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry
      type_parameterized_test_registry_;

  // The set holding the name of parameterized
  // test suites that may go uninstantiated.
  std::set<std::string> ignored_parameterized_test_suites_;

  // Indicates whether RegisterParameterizedTests() has been called already.
  bool parameterized_tests_registered_;

  // Index of the last death test suite registered.  Initially -1.
  int last_death_test_suite_;

  // This points to the TestSuite for the currently running test.  It
  // changes as Google Test goes through one test suite after another.
  // When no test is running, this is set to NULL and Google Test
  // stores assertion results in ad_hoc_test_result_.  Initially NULL.
  TestSuite* current_test_suite_;

  // This points to the TestInfo for the currently running test.  It
  // changes as Google Test goes through one test after another.  When
  // no test is running, this is set to NULL and Google Test stores
  // assertion results in ad_hoc_test_result_.  Initially NULL.
  TestInfo* current_test_info_;

  // Normally, a user only writes assertions inside a TEST or TEST_F,
  // or inside a function called by a TEST or TEST_F.  Since Google
  // Test keeps track of which test is current running, it can
  // associate such an assertion with the test it belongs to.
  //
  // If an assertion is encountered when no TEST or TEST_F is running,
  // Google Test attributes the assertion result to an imaginary "ad hoc"
  // test, and records the result in ad_hoc_test_result_.
  TestResult ad_hoc_test_result_;

  // The list of event listeners that can be used to track events inside
  // Google Test.
  TestEventListeners listeners_;

  // The OS stack trace getter.  Will be deleted when the UnitTest
  // object is destructed.  By default, an OsStackTraceGetter is used,
  // but the user can set this field to use a custom getter if that is
  // desired.
  OsStackTraceGetterInterface* os_stack_trace_getter_;

  // True if and only if PostFlagParsingInit() has been called.
  bool post_flag_parse_init_performed_;

  // The random number seed used at the beginning of the test run.
  int random_seed_;

  // Our random number generator.
  internal::Random random_;

  // The time of the test program start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp_;

  // How long the test took to run, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time_;

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
  // The decomposed components of the gtest_internal_run_death_test flag,
  // parsed when RUN_ALL_TESTS is called.
  std::unique_ptr<InternalRunDeathTestFlag> internal_run_death_test_flag_;
  std::unique_ptr<internal::DeathTestFactory> death_test_factory_;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

  // A per-thread stack of traces created by the SCOPED_TRACE() macro.
  internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<TraceInfo> > gtest_trace_stack_;

  // The value of GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions) at the moment RunAllTests()
  // starts.
  bool catch_exceptions_;

  UnitTestImpl(const UnitTestImpl&) = delete;
  UnitTestImpl& operator=(const UnitTestImpl&) = delete;
};  // class UnitTestImpl

// Convenience function for accessing the global UnitTest
// implementation object.
inline UnitTestImpl* GetUnitTestImpl() {
  return UnitTest::GetInstance()->impl();
}

#if GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE

// Internal helper functions for implementing the simple regular
// expression matcher.
GTEST_API_ bool IsInSet(char ch, const char* str);
GTEST_API_ bool IsAsciiDigit(char ch);
GTEST_API_ bool IsAsciiPunct(char ch);
GTEST_API_ bool IsRepeat(char ch);
GTEST_API_ bool IsAsciiWhiteSpace(char ch);
GTEST_API_ bool IsAsciiWordChar(char ch);
GTEST_API_ bool IsValidEscape(char ch);
GTEST_API_ bool AtomMatchesChar(bool escaped, char pattern, char ch);
GTEST_API_ bool ValidateRegex(const char* regex);
GTEST_API_ bool MatchRegexAtHead(const char* regex, const char* str);
GTEST_API_ bool MatchRepetitionAndRegexAtHead(bool escaped, char ch,
                                              char repeat, const char* regex,
                                              const char* str);
GTEST_API_ bool MatchRegexAnywhere(const char* regex, const char* str);

#endif  // GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE

// Parses the command line for Google Test flags, without initializing
// other parts of Google Test.
GTEST_API_ void ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(int* argc, char** argv);
GTEST_API_ void ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(int* argc, wchar_t** argv);

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

// Returns the message describing the last system error, regardless of the
// platform.
GTEST_API_ std::string GetLastErrnoDescription();

// Attempts to parse a string into a positive integer pointed to by the
// number parameter.  Returns true if that is possible.
// GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST implies that we have ::std::string, so we can use
// it here.
template <typename Integer>
bool ParseNaturalNumber(const ::std::string& str, Integer* number) {
  // Fail fast if the given string does not begin with a digit;
  // this bypasses strtoXXX's "optional leading whitespace and plus
  // or minus sign" semantics, which are undesirable here.
  if (str.empty() || !IsDigit(str[0])) {
    return false;
  }
  errno = 0;

  char* end;
  // BiggestConvertible is the largest integer type that system-provided
  // string-to-number conversion routines can return.
  using BiggestConvertible = unsigned long long;  // NOLINT

  const BiggestConvertible parsed = strtoull(str.c_str(), &end, 10);  // NOLINT
  const bool parse_success = *end == '\0' && errno == 0;

  GTEST_CHECK_(sizeof(Integer) <= sizeof(parsed));

  const Integer result = static_cast<Integer>(parsed);
  if (parse_success && static_cast<BiggestConvertible>(result) == parsed) {
    *number = result;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

// TestResult contains some private methods that should be hidden from
// Google Test user but are required for testing. This class allow our tests
// to access them.
//
// This class is supplied only for the purpose of testing Google Test's own
// constructs. Do not use it in user tests, either directly or indirectly.
class TestResultAccessor {
 public:
  static void RecordProperty(TestResult* test_result,
                             const std::string& xml_element,
                             const TestProperty& property) {
    test_result->RecordProperty(xml_element, property);
  }

  static void ClearTestPartResults(TestResult* test_result) {
    test_result->ClearTestPartResults();
  }

  static const std::vector<testing::TestPartResult>& test_part_results(
      const TestResult& test_result) {
    return test_result.test_part_results();
  }
};

#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_

// Streams test results to the given port on the given host machine.
class StreamingListener : public EmptyTestEventListener {
 public:
  // Abstract base class for writing strings to a socket.
  class AbstractSocketWriter {
   public:
    virtual ~AbstractSocketWriter() {}

    // Sends a string to the socket.
    virtual void Send(const std::string& message) = 0;

    // Closes the socket.
    virtual void CloseConnection() {}

    // Sends a string and a newline to the socket.
    void SendLn(const std::string& message) { Send(message + "\n"); }
  };

  // Concrete class for actually writing strings to a socket.
  class SocketWriter : public AbstractSocketWriter {
   public:
    SocketWriter(const std::string& host, const std::string& port)
        : sockfd_(-1), host_name_(host), port_num_(port) {
      MakeConnection();
    }

    ~SocketWriter() override {
      if (sockfd_ != -1) CloseConnection();
    }

    // Sends a string to the socket.
    void Send(const std::string& message) override {
      GTEST_CHECK_(sockfd_ != -1)
          << "Send() can be called only when there is a connection.";

      const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(message.length());
      if (write(sockfd_, message.c_str(), len) != static_cast<ssize_t>(len)) {
        GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "stream_result_to: failed to stream to "
                            << host_name_ << ":" << port_num_;
      }
    }

   private:
    // Creates a client socket and connects to the server.
    void MakeConnection();

    // Closes the socket.
    void CloseConnection() override {
      GTEST_CHECK_(sockfd_ != -1)
          << "CloseConnection() can be called only when there is a connection.";

      close(sockfd_);
      sockfd_ = -1;
    }

    int sockfd_;  // socket file descriptor
    const std::string host_name_;
    const std::string port_num_;

    SocketWriter(const SocketWriter&) = delete;
    SocketWriter& operator=(const SocketWriter&) = delete;
  };  // class SocketWriter

  // Escapes '=', '&', '%', and '\n' characters in str as "%xx".
  static std::string UrlEncode(const char* str);

  StreamingListener(const std::string& host, const std::string& port)
      : socket_writer_(new SocketWriter(host, port)) {
    Start();
  }

  explicit StreamingListener(AbstractSocketWriter* socket_writer)
      : socket_writer_(socket_writer) {
    Start();
  }

  void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& /* unit_test */) override {
    SendLn("event=TestProgramStart");
  }

  void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) override {
    // Note that Google Test current only report elapsed time for each
    // test iteration, not for the entire test program.
    SendLn("event=TestProgramEnd&passed=" + FormatBool(unit_test.Passed()));

    // Notify the streaming server to stop.
    socket_writer_->CloseConnection();
  }

  void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& /* unit_test */,
                            int iteration) override {
    SendLn("event=TestIterationStart&iteration=" +
           StreamableToString(iteration));
  }

  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                          int /* iteration */) override {
    SendLn("event=TestIterationEnd&passed=" + FormatBool(unit_test.Passed()) +
           "&elapsed_time=" + StreamableToString(unit_test.elapsed_time()) +
           "ms");
  }

  // Note that "event=TestCaseStart" is a wire format and has to remain
  // "case" for compatibility
  void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& test_suite) override {
    SendLn(std::string("event=TestCaseStart&name=") + test_suite.name());
  }

  // Note that "event=TestCaseEnd" is a wire format and has to remain
  // "case" for compatibility
  void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& test_suite) override {
    SendLn("event=TestCaseEnd&passed=" + FormatBool(test_suite.Passed()) +
           "&elapsed_time=" + StreamableToString(test_suite.elapsed_time()) +
           "ms");
  }

  void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info) override {
    SendLn(std::string("event=TestStart&name=") + test_info.name());
  }

  void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) override {
    SendLn("event=TestEnd&passed=" +
           FormatBool((test_info.result())->Passed()) + "&elapsed_time=" +
           StreamableToString((test_info.result())->elapsed_time()) + "ms");
  }

  void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result) override {
    const char* file_name = test_part_result.file_name();
    if (file_name == nullptr) file_name = "";
    SendLn("event=TestPartResult&file=" + UrlEncode(file_name) +
           "&line=" + StreamableToString(test_part_result.line_number()) +
           "&message=" + UrlEncode(test_part_result.message()));
  }

 private:
  // Sends the given message and a newline to the socket.
  void SendLn(const std::string& message) { socket_writer_->SendLn(message); }

  // Called at the start of streaming to notify the receiver what
  // protocol we are using.
  void Start() { SendLn("gtest_streaming_protocol_version=1.0"); }

  std::string FormatBool(bool value) { return value ? "1" : "0"; }

  const std::unique_ptr<AbstractSocketWriter> socket_writer_;

  StreamingListener(const StreamingListener&) = delete;
  StreamingListener& operator=(const StreamingListener&) = delete;
};  // class StreamingListener

#endif  // GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-matchers.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This file implements just enough of the matcher interface to allow
// EXPECT_DEATH and friends to accept a matcher argument.

#include "gtest/gtest-matchers.h"

#include <string>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

namespace testing {

// Constructs a matcher that matches a const std::string& whose value is
// equal to s.
Matcher<const std::string&>::Matcher(const std::string& s) { *this = Eq(s); }

// Constructs a matcher that matches a const std::string& whose value is
// equal to s.
Matcher<const std::string&>::Matcher(const char* s) {
  *this = Eq(std::string(s));
}

// Constructs a matcher that matches a std::string whose value is equal to
// s.
Matcher<std::string>::Matcher(const std::string& s) { *this = Eq(s); }

// Constructs a matcher that matches a std::string whose value is equal to
// s.
Matcher<std::string>::Matcher(const char* s) { *this = Eq(std::string(s)); }

#if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW
// Constructs a matcher that matches a const StringView& whose value is
// equal to s.
Matcher<const internal::StringView&>::Matcher(const std::string& s) {
  *this = Eq(s);
}

// Constructs a matcher that matches a const StringView& whose value is
// equal to s.
Matcher<const internal::StringView&>::Matcher(const char* s) {
  *this = Eq(std::string(s));
}

// Constructs a matcher that matches a const StringView& whose value is
// equal to s.
Matcher<const internal::StringView&>::Matcher(internal::StringView s) {
  *this = Eq(std::string(s));
}

// Constructs a matcher that matches a StringView whose value is equal to
// s.
Matcher<internal::StringView>::Matcher(const std::string& s) { *this = Eq(s); }

// Constructs a matcher that matches a StringView whose value is equal to
// s.
Matcher<internal::StringView>::Matcher(const char* s) {
  *this = Eq(std::string(s));
}

// Constructs a matcher that matches a StringView whose value is equal to
// s.
Matcher<internal::StringView>::Matcher(internal::StringView s) {
  *this = Eq(std::string(s));
}
#endif  // GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW

}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-port.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

#include <limits.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <cstdint>
#include <fstream>
#include <memory>

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#include <io.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <windows.h>

#include <map>  // Used in ThreadLocal.
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <crtdbg.h>
#endif  // _MSC_VER
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#if GTEST_OS_MAC
#include <mach/mach_init.h>
#include <mach/task.h>
#include <mach/vm_map.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_MAC

#if GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY || GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD || \
    GTEST_OS_NETBSD || GTEST_OS_OPENBSD
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#if GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY || GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD
#include <sys/user.h>
#endif
#endif

#if GTEST_OS_QNX
#include <devctl.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/procfs.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_QNX

#if GTEST_OS_AIX
#include <procinfo.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_AIX

#if GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA
#include <zircon/process.h>
#include <zircon/syscalls.h>
#endif  // GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_GNU_HURD

namespace {
template <typename T>
T ReadProcFileField(const std::string& filename, int field) {
  std::string dummy;
  std::ifstream file(filename.c_str());
  while (field-- > 0) {
    file >> dummy;
  }
  T output = 0;
  file >> output;
  return output;
}
}  // namespace

// Returns the number of active threads, or 0 when there is an error.
size_t GetThreadCount() {
  const std::string filename =
      (Message() << "/proc/" << getpid() << "/stat").GetString();
  return ReadProcFileField<size_t>(filename, 19);
}

#elif GTEST_OS_MAC

size_t GetThreadCount() {
  const task_t task = mach_task_self();
  mach_msg_type_number_t thread_count;
  thread_act_array_t thread_list;
  const kern_return_t status = task_threads(task, &thread_list, &thread_count);
  if (status == KERN_SUCCESS) {
    // task_threads allocates resources in thread_list and we need to free them
    // to avoid leaks.
    vm_deallocate(task, reinterpret_cast<vm_address_t>(thread_list),
                  sizeof(thread_t) * thread_count);
    return static_cast<size_t>(thread_count);
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}

#elif GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY || GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD || \
    GTEST_OS_NETBSD

#if GTEST_OS_NETBSD
#undef KERN_PROC
#define KERN_PROC KERN_PROC2
#define kinfo_proc kinfo_proc2
#endif

#if GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY
#define KP_NLWP(kp) (kp.kp_nthreads)
#elif GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD
#define KP_NLWP(kp) (kp.ki_numthreads)
#elif GTEST_OS_NETBSD
#define KP_NLWP(kp) (kp.p_nlwps)
#endif

// Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
// we cannot detect it.
size_t GetThreadCount() {
  int mib[] = {
    CTL_KERN,
    KERN_PROC,
    KERN_PROC_PID,
    getpid(),
#if GTEST_OS_NETBSD
    sizeof(struct kinfo_proc),
    1,
#endif
  };
  u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);
  struct kinfo_proc info;
  size_t size = sizeof(info);
  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, &info, &size, NULL, 0)) {
    return 0;
  }
  return static_cast<size_t>(KP_NLWP(info));
}
#elif GTEST_OS_OPENBSD

// Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
// we cannot detect it.
size_t GetThreadCount() {
  int mib[] = {
      CTL_KERN,
      KERN_PROC,
      KERN_PROC_PID | KERN_PROC_SHOW_THREADS,
      getpid(),
      sizeof(struct kinfo_proc),
      0,
  };
  u_int miblen = sizeof(mib) / sizeof(mib[0]);

  // get number of structs
  size_t size;
  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, NULL, &size, NULL, 0)) {
    return 0;
  }

  mib[5] = static_cast<int>(size / static_cast<size_t>(mib[4]));

  // populate array of structs
  struct kinfo_proc info[mib[5]];
  if (sysctl(mib, miblen, &info, &size, NULL, 0)) {
    return 0;
  }

  // exclude empty members
  size_t nthreads = 0;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < size / static_cast<size_t>(mib[4]); i++) {
    if (info[i].p_tid != -1) nthreads++;
  }
  return nthreads;
}

#elif GTEST_OS_QNX

// Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
// we cannot detect it.
size_t GetThreadCount() {
  const int fd = open("/proc/self/as", O_RDONLY);
  if (fd < 0) {
    return 0;
  }
  procfs_info process_info;
  const int status =
      devctl(fd, DCMD_PROC_INFO, &process_info, sizeof(process_info), nullptr);
  close(fd);
  if (status == EOK) {
    return static_cast<size_t>(process_info.num_threads);
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}

#elif GTEST_OS_AIX

size_t GetThreadCount() {
  struct procentry64 entry;
  pid_t pid = getpid();
  int status = getprocs64(&entry, sizeof(entry), nullptr, 0, &pid, 1);
  if (status == 1) {
    return entry.pi_thcount;
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}

#elif GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

size_t GetThreadCount() {
  int dummy_buffer;
  size_t avail;
  zx_status_t status =
      zx_object_get_info(zx_process_self(), ZX_INFO_PROCESS_THREADS,
                         &dummy_buffer, 0, nullptr, &avail);
  if (status == ZX_OK) {
    return avail;
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}

#else

size_t GetThreadCount() {
  // There's no portable way to detect the number of threads, so we just
  // return 0 to indicate that we cannot detect it.
  return 0;
}

#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX

#if GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE && GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

AutoHandle::AutoHandle() : handle_(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {}

AutoHandle::AutoHandle(Handle handle) : handle_(handle) {}

AutoHandle::~AutoHandle() { Reset(); }

AutoHandle::Handle AutoHandle::Get() const { return handle_; }

void AutoHandle::Reset() { Reset(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE); }

void AutoHandle::Reset(HANDLE handle) {
  // Resetting with the same handle we already own is invalid.
  if (handle_ != handle) {
    if (IsCloseable()) {
      ::CloseHandle(handle_);
    }
    handle_ = handle;
  } else {
    GTEST_CHECK_(!IsCloseable())
        << "Resetting a valid handle to itself is likely a programmer error "
           "and thus not allowed.";
  }
}

bool AutoHandle::IsCloseable() const {
  // Different Windows APIs may use either of these values to represent an
  // invalid handle.
  return handle_ != nullptr && handle_ != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
}

Mutex::Mutex()
    : owner_thread_id_(0),
      type_(kDynamic),
      critical_section_init_phase_(0),
      critical_section_(new CRITICAL_SECTION) {
  ::InitializeCriticalSection(critical_section_);
}

Mutex::~Mutex() {
  // Static mutexes are leaked intentionally. It is not thread-safe to try
  // to clean them up.
  if (type_ == kDynamic) {
    ::DeleteCriticalSection(critical_section_);
    delete critical_section_;
    critical_section_ = nullptr;
  }
}

void Mutex::Lock() {
  ThreadSafeLazyInit();
  ::EnterCriticalSection(critical_section_);
  owner_thread_id_ = ::GetCurrentThreadId();
}

void Mutex::Unlock() {
  ThreadSafeLazyInit();
  // We don't protect writing to owner_thread_id_ here, as it's the
  // caller's responsibility to ensure that the current thread holds the
  // mutex when this is called.
  owner_thread_id_ = 0;
  ::LeaveCriticalSection(critical_section_);
}

// Does nothing if the current thread holds the mutex. Otherwise, crashes
// with high probability.
void Mutex::AssertHeld() {
  ThreadSafeLazyInit();
  GTEST_CHECK_(owner_thread_id_ == ::GetCurrentThreadId())
      << "The current thread is not holding the mutex @" << this;
}

namespace {

#ifdef _MSC_VER
// Use the RAII idiom to flag mem allocs that are intentionally never
// deallocated. The motivation is to silence the false positive mem leaks
// that are reported by the debug version of MS's CRT which can only detect
// if an alloc is missing a matching deallocation.
// Example:
//    MemoryIsNotDeallocated memory_is_not_deallocated;
//    critical_section_ = new CRITICAL_SECTION;
//
class MemoryIsNotDeallocated {
 public:
  MemoryIsNotDeallocated() : old_crtdbg_flag_(0) {
    old_crtdbg_flag_ = _CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_REPORT_FLAG);
    // Set heap allocation block type to _IGNORE_BLOCK so that MS debug CRT
    // doesn't report mem leak if there's no matching deallocation.
    (void)_CrtSetDbgFlag(old_crtdbg_flag_ & ~_CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF);
  }

  ~MemoryIsNotDeallocated() {
    // Restore the original _CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF flag
    (void)_CrtSetDbgFlag(old_crtdbg_flag_);
  }

 private:
  int old_crtdbg_flag_;

  MemoryIsNotDeallocated(const MemoryIsNotDeallocated&) = delete;
  MemoryIsNotDeallocated& operator=(const MemoryIsNotDeallocated&) = delete;
};
#endif  // _MSC_VER

}  // namespace

// Initializes owner_thread_id_ and critical_section_ in static mutexes.
void Mutex::ThreadSafeLazyInit() {
  // Dynamic mutexes are initialized in the constructor.
  if (type_ == kStatic) {
    switch (
        ::InterlockedCompareExchange(&critical_section_init_phase_, 1L, 0L)) {
      case 0:
        // If critical_section_init_phase_ was 0 before the exchange, we
        // are the first to test it and need to perform the initialization.
        owner_thread_id_ = 0;
        {
          // Use RAII to flag that following mem alloc is never deallocated.
#ifdef _MSC_VER
          MemoryIsNotDeallocated memory_is_not_deallocated;
#endif  // _MSC_VER
          critical_section_ = new CRITICAL_SECTION;
        }
        ::InitializeCriticalSection(critical_section_);
        // Updates the critical_section_init_phase_ to 2 to signal
        // initialization complete.
        GTEST_CHECK_(::InterlockedCompareExchange(&critical_section_init_phase_,
                                                  2L, 1L) == 1L);
        break;
      case 1:
        // Somebody else is already initializing the mutex; spin until they
        // are done.
        while (::InterlockedCompareExchange(&critical_section_init_phase_, 2L,
                                            2L) != 2L) {
          // Possibly yields the rest of the thread's time slice to other
          // threads.
          ::Sleep(0);
        }
        break;

      case 2:
        break;  // The mutex is already initialized and ready for use.

      default:
        GTEST_CHECK_(false)
            << "Unexpected value of critical_section_init_phase_ "
            << "while initializing a static mutex.";
    }
  }
}

namespace {

class ThreadWithParamSupport : public ThreadWithParamBase {
 public:
  static HANDLE CreateThread(Runnable* runnable,
                             Notification* thread_can_start) {
    ThreadMainParam* param = new ThreadMainParam(runnable, thread_can_start);
    DWORD thread_id;
    HANDLE thread_handle = ::CreateThread(
        nullptr,  // Default security.
        0,        // Default stack size.
        &ThreadWithParamSupport::ThreadMain,
        param,        // Parameter to ThreadMainStatic
        0x0,          // Default creation flags.
        &thread_id);  // Need a valid pointer for the call to work under Win98.
    GTEST_CHECK_(thread_handle != nullptr)
        << "CreateThread failed with error " << ::GetLastError() << ".";
    if (thread_handle == nullptr) {
      delete param;
    }
    return thread_handle;
  }

 private:
  struct ThreadMainParam {
    ThreadMainParam(Runnable* runnable, Notification* thread_can_start)
        : runnable_(runnable), thread_can_start_(thread_can_start) {}
    std::unique_ptr<Runnable> runnable_;
    // Does not own.
    Notification* thread_can_start_;
  };

  static DWORD WINAPI ThreadMain(void* ptr) {
    // Transfers ownership.
    std::unique_ptr<ThreadMainParam> param(static_cast<ThreadMainParam*>(ptr));
    if (param->thread_can_start_ != nullptr)
      param->thread_can_start_->WaitForNotification();
    param->runnable_->Run();
    return 0;
  }

  // Prohibit instantiation.
  ThreadWithParamSupport();

  ThreadWithParamSupport(const ThreadWithParamSupport&) = delete;
  ThreadWithParamSupport& operator=(const ThreadWithParamSupport&) = delete;
};

}  // namespace

ThreadWithParamBase::ThreadWithParamBase(Runnable* runnable,
                                         Notification* thread_can_start)
    : thread_(
          ThreadWithParamSupport::CreateThread(runnable, thread_can_start)) {}

ThreadWithParamBase::~ThreadWithParamBase() { Join(); }

void ThreadWithParamBase::Join() {
  GTEST_CHECK_(::WaitForSingleObject(thread_.Get(), INFINITE) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
      << "Failed to join the thread with error " << ::GetLastError() << ".";
}

// Maps a thread to a set of ThreadIdToThreadLocals that have values
// instantiated on that thread and notifies them when the thread exits.  A
// ThreadLocal instance is expected to persist until all threads it has
// values on have terminated.
class ThreadLocalRegistryImpl {
 public:
  // Registers thread_local_instance as having value on the current thread.
  // Returns a value that can be used to identify the thread from other threads.
  static ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* GetValueOnCurrentThread(
      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
    MemoryIsNotDeallocated memory_is_not_deallocated;
#endif  // _MSC_VER
    DWORD current_thread = ::GetCurrentThreadId();
    MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
    ThreadIdToThreadLocals* const thread_to_thread_locals =
        GetThreadLocalsMapLocked();
    ThreadIdToThreadLocals::iterator thread_local_pos =
        thread_to_thread_locals->find(current_thread);
    if (thread_local_pos == thread_to_thread_locals->end()) {
      thread_local_pos =
          thread_to_thread_locals
              ->insert(std::make_pair(current_thread, ThreadLocalValues()))
              .first;
      StartWatcherThreadFor(current_thread);
    }
    ThreadLocalValues& thread_local_values = thread_local_pos->second;
    ThreadLocalValues::iterator value_pos =
        thread_local_values.find(thread_local_instance);
    if (value_pos == thread_local_values.end()) {
      value_pos =
          thread_local_values
              .insert(std::make_pair(
                  thread_local_instance,
                  std::shared_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase>(
                      thread_local_instance->NewValueForCurrentThread())))
              .first;
    }
    return value_pos->second.get();
  }

  static void OnThreadLocalDestroyed(
      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase> > value_holders;
    // Clean up the ThreadLocalValues data structure while holding the lock, but
    // defer the destruction of the ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
    {
      MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
      ThreadIdToThreadLocals* const thread_to_thread_locals =
          GetThreadLocalsMapLocked();
      for (ThreadIdToThreadLocals::iterator it =
               thread_to_thread_locals->begin();
           it != thread_to_thread_locals->end(); ++it) {
        ThreadLocalValues& thread_local_values = it->second;
        ThreadLocalValues::iterator value_pos =
            thread_local_values.find(thread_local_instance);
        if (value_pos != thread_local_values.end()) {
          value_holders.push_back(value_pos->second);
          thread_local_values.erase(value_pos);
          // This 'if' can only be successful at most once, so theoretically we
          // could break out of the loop here, but we don't bother doing so.
        }
      }
    }
    // Outside the lock, let the destructor for 'value_holders' deallocate the
    // ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
  }

  static void OnThreadExit(DWORD thread_id) {
    GTEST_CHECK_(thread_id != 0) << ::GetLastError();
    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase> > value_holders;
    // Clean up the ThreadIdToThreadLocals data structure while holding the
    // lock, but defer the destruction of the ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
    {
      MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
      ThreadIdToThreadLocals* const thread_to_thread_locals =
          GetThreadLocalsMapLocked();
      ThreadIdToThreadLocals::iterator thread_local_pos =
          thread_to_thread_locals->find(thread_id);
      if (thread_local_pos != thread_to_thread_locals->end()) {
        ThreadLocalValues& thread_local_values = thread_local_pos->second;
        for (ThreadLocalValues::iterator value_pos =
                 thread_local_values.begin();
             value_pos != thread_local_values.end(); ++value_pos) {
          value_holders.push_back(value_pos->second);
        }
        thread_to_thread_locals->erase(thread_local_pos);
      }
    }
    // Outside the lock, let the destructor for 'value_holders' deallocate the
    // ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
  }

 private:
  // In a particular thread, maps a ThreadLocal object to its value.
  typedef std::map<const ThreadLocalBase*,
                   std::shared_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase> >
      ThreadLocalValues;
  // Stores all ThreadIdToThreadLocals having values in a thread, indexed by
  // thread's ID.
  typedef std::map<DWORD, ThreadLocalValues> ThreadIdToThreadLocals;

  // Holds the thread id and thread handle that we pass from
  // StartWatcherThreadFor to WatcherThreadFunc.
  typedef std::pair<DWORD, HANDLE> ThreadIdAndHandle;

  static void StartWatcherThreadFor(DWORD thread_id) {
    // The returned handle will be kept in thread_map and closed by
    // watcher_thread in WatcherThreadFunc.
    HANDLE thread =
        ::OpenThread(SYNCHRONIZE | THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, thread_id);
    GTEST_CHECK_(thread != nullptr);
    // We need to pass a valid thread ID pointer into CreateThread for it
    // to work correctly under Win98.
    DWORD watcher_thread_id;
    HANDLE watcher_thread = ::CreateThread(
        nullptr,  // Default security.
        0,        // Default stack size
        &ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::WatcherThreadFunc,
        reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(new ThreadIdAndHandle(thread_id, thread)),
        CREATE_SUSPENDED, &watcher_thread_id);
    GTEST_CHECK_(watcher_thread != nullptr)
        << "CreateThread failed with error " << ::GetLastError() << ".";
    // Give the watcher thread the same priority as ours to avoid being
    // blocked by it.
    ::SetThreadPriority(watcher_thread,
                        ::GetThreadPriority(::GetCurrentThread()));
    ::ResumeThread(watcher_thread);
    ::CloseHandle(watcher_thread);
  }

  // Monitors exit from a given thread and notifies those
  // ThreadIdToThreadLocals about thread termination.
  static DWORD WINAPI WatcherThreadFunc(LPVOID param) {
    const ThreadIdAndHandle* tah =
        reinterpret_cast<const ThreadIdAndHandle*>(param);
    GTEST_CHECK_(::WaitForSingleObject(tah->second, INFINITE) == WAIT_OBJECT_0);
    OnThreadExit(tah->first);
    ::CloseHandle(tah->second);
    delete tah;
    return 0;
  }

  // Returns map of thread local instances.
  static ThreadIdToThreadLocals* GetThreadLocalsMapLocked() {
    mutex_.AssertHeld();
#ifdef _MSC_VER
    MemoryIsNotDeallocated memory_is_not_deallocated;
#endif  // _MSC_VER
    static ThreadIdToThreadLocals* map = new ThreadIdToThreadLocals();
    return map;
  }

  // Protects access to GetThreadLocalsMapLocked() and its return value.
  static Mutex mutex_;
  // Protects access to GetThreadMapLocked() and its return value.
  static Mutex thread_map_mutex_;
};

Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::mutex_(Mutex::kStaticMutex);  // NOLINT
Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::thread_map_mutex_(
    Mutex::kStaticMutex);  // NOLINT

ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* ThreadLocalRegistry::GetValueOnCurrentThread(
    const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
  return ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::GetValueOnCurrentThread(
      thread_local_instance);
}

void ThreadLocalRegistry::OnThreadLocalDestroyed(
    const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
  ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::OnThreadLocalDestroyed(thread_local_instance);
}

#endif  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE && GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE

// Implements RE.  Currently only needed for death tests.

RE::~RE() {
  if (is_valid_) {
    // regfree'ing an invalid regex might crash because the content
    // of the regex is undefined. Since the regex's are essentially
    // the same, one cannot be valid (or invalid) without the other
    // being so too.
    regfree(&partial_regex_);
    regfree(&full_regex_);
  }
  free(const_cast<char*>(pattern_));
}

// Returns true if and only if regular expression re matches the entire str.
bool RE::FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
  if (!re.is_valid_) return false;

  regmatch_t match;
  return regexec(&re.full_regex_, str, 1, &match, 0) == 0;
}

// Returns true if and only if regular expression re matches a substring of
// str (including str itself).
bool RE::PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
  if (!re.is_valid_) return false;

  regmatch_t match;
  return regexec(&re.partial_regex_, str, 1, &match, 0) == 0;
}

// Initializes an RE from its string representation.
void RE::Init(const char* regex) {
  pattern_ = posix::StrDup(regex);

  // Reserves enough bytes to hold the regular expression used for a
  // full match.
  const size_t full_regex_len = strlen(regex) + 10;
  char* const full_pattern = new char[full_regex_len];

  snprintf(full_pattern, full_regex_len, "^(%s)$", regex);
  is_valid_ = regcomp(&full_regex_, full_pattern, REG_EXTENDED) == 0;
  // We want to call regcomp(&partial_regex_, ...) even if the
  // previous expression returns false.  Otherwise partial_regex_ may
  // not be properly initialized can may cause trouble when it's
  // freed.
  //
  // Some implementation of POSIX regex (e.g. on at least some
  // versions of Cygwin) doesn't accept the empty string as a valid
  // regex.  We change it to an equivalent form "()" to be safe.
  if (is_valid_) {
    const char* const partial_regex = (*regex == '\0') ? "()" : regex;
    is_valid_ = regcomp(&partial_regex_, partial_regex, REG_EXTENDED) == 0;
  }
  EXPECT_TRUE(is_valid_)
      << "Regular expression \"" << regex
      << "\" is not a valid POSIX Extended regular expression.";

  delete[] full_pattern;
}

#elif GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE

// Returns true if and only if ch appears anywhere in str (excluding the
// terminating '\0' character).
bool IsInSet(char ch, const char* str) {
  return ch != '\0' && strchr(str, ch) != nullptr;
}

// Returns true if and only if ch belongs to the given classification.
// Unlike similar functions in <ctype.h>, these aren't affected by the
// current locale.
bool IsAsciiDigit(char ch) { return '0' <= ch && ch <= '9'; }
bool IsAsciiPunct(char ch) {
  return IsInSet(ch, "^-!\"#$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@[\\]_`{|}~");
}
bool IsRepeat(char ch) { return IsInSet(ch, "?*+"); }
bool IsAsciiWhiteSpace(char ch) { return IsInSet(ch, " \f\n\r\t\v"); }
bool IsAsciiWordChar(char ch) {
  return ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') || ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z') ||
         ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') || ch == '_';
}

// Returns true if and only if "\\c" is a supported escape sequence.
bool IsValidEscape(char c) {
  return (IsAsciiPunct(c) || IsInSet(c, "dDfnrsStvwW"));
}

// Returns true if and only if the given atom (specified by escaped and
// pattern) matches ch.  The result is undefined if the atom is invalid.
bool AtomMatchesChar(bool escaped, char pattern_char, char ch) {
  if (escaped) {  // "\\p" where p is pattern_char.
    switch (pattern_char) {
      case 'd':
        return IsAsciiDigit(ch);
      case 'D':
        return !IsAsciiDigit(ch);
      case 'f':
        return ch == '\f';
      case 'n':
        return ch == '\n';
      case 'r':
        return ch == '\r';
      case 's':
        return IsAsciiWhiteSpace(ch);
      case 'S':
        return !IsAsciiWhiteSpace(ch);
      case 't':
        return ch == '\t';
      case 'v':
        return ch == '\v';
      case 'w':
        return IsAsciiWordChar(ch);
      case 'W':
        return !IsAsciiWordChar(ch);
    }
    return IsAsciiPunct(pattern_char) && pattern_char == ch;
  }

  return (pattern_char == '.' && ch != '\n') || pattern_char == ch;
}

// Helper function used by ValidateRegex() to format error messages.
static std::string FormatRegexSyntaxError(const char* regex, int index) {
  return (Message() << "Syntax error at index " << index
                    << " in simple regular expression \"" << regex << "\": ")
      .GetString();
}

// Generates non-fatal failures and returns false if regex is invalid;
// otherwise returns true.
bool ValidateRegex(const char* regex) {
  if (regex == nullptr) {
    ADD_FAILURE() << "NULL is not a valid simple regular expression.";
    return false;
  }

  bool is_valid = true;

  // True if and only if ?, *, or + can follow the previous atom.
  bool prev_repeatable = false;
  for (int i = 0; regex[i]; i++) {
    if (regex[i] == '\\') {  // An escape sequence
      i++;
      if (regex[i] == '\0') {
        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i - 1)
                      << "'\\' cannot appear at the end.";
        return false;
      }

      if (!IsValidEscape(regex[i])) {
        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i - 1)
                      << "invalid escape sequence \"\\" << regex[i] << "\".";
        is_valid = false;
      }
      prev_repeatable = true;
    } else {  // Not an escape sequence.
      const char ch = regex[i];

      if (ch == '^' && i > 0) {
        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i)
                      << "'^' can only appear at the beginning.";
        is_valid = false;
      } else if (ch == '$' && regex[i + 1] != '\0') {
        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i)
                      << "'$' can only appear at the end.";
        is_valid = false;
      } else if (IsInSet(ch, "()[]{}|")) {
        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i) << "'" << ch
                      << "' is unsupported.";
        is_valid = false;
      } else if (IsRepeat(ch) && !prev_repeatable) {
        ADD_FAILURE() << FormatRegexSyntaxError(regex, i) << "'" << ch
                      << "' can only follow a repeatable token.";
        is_valid = false;
      }

      prev_repeatable = !IsInSet(ch, "^$?*+");
    }
  }

  return is_valid;
}

// Matches a repeated regex atom followed by a valid simple regular
// expression.  The regex atom is defined as c if escaped is false,
// or \c otherwise.  repeat is the repetition meta character (?, *,
// or +).  The behavior is undefined if str contains too many
// characters to be indexable by size_t, in which case the test will
// probably time out anyway.  We are fine with this limitation as
// std::string has it too.
bool MatchRepetitionAndRegexAtHead(bool escaped, char c, char repeat,
                                   const char* regex, const char* str) {
  const size_t min_count = (repeat == '+') ? 1 : 0;
  const size_t max_count = (repeat == '?') ? 1 : static_cast<size_t>(-1) - 1;
  // We cannot call numeric_limits::max() as it conflicts with the
  // max() macro on Windows.

  for (size_t i = 0; i <= max_count; ++i) {
    // We know that the atom matches each of the first i characters in str.
    if (i >= min_count && MatchRegexAtHead(regex, str + i)) {
      // We have enough matches at the head, and the tail matches too.
      // Since we only care about *whether* the pattern matches str
      // (as opposed to *how* it matches), there is no need to find a
      // greedy match.
      return true;
    }
    if (str[i] == '\0' || !AtomMatchesChar(escaped, c, str[i])) return false;
  }
  return false;
}

// Returns true if and only if regex matches a prefix of str. regex must
// be a valid simple regular expression and not start with "^", or the
// result is undefined.
bool MatchRegexAtHead(const char* regex, const char* str) {
  if (*regex == '\0')  // An empty regex matches a prefix of anything.
    return true;

  // "$" only matches the end of a string.  Note that regex being
  // valid guarantees that there's nothing after "$" in it.
  if (*regex == '$') return *str == '\0';

  // Is the first thing in regex an escape sequence?
  const bool escaped = *regex == '\\';
  if (escaped) ++regex;
  if (IsRepeat(regex[1])) {
    // MatchRepetitionAndRegexAtHead() calls MatchRegexAtHead(), so
    // here's an indirect recursion.  It terminates as the regex gets
    // shorter in each recursion.
    return MatchRepetitionAndRegexAtHead(escaped, regex[0], regex[1], regex + 2,
                                         str);
  } else {
    // regex isn't empty, isn't "$", and doesn't start with a
    // repetition.  We match the first atom of regex with the first
    // character of str and recurse.
    return (*str != '\0') && AtomMatchesChar(escaped, *regex, *str) &&
           MatchRegexAtHead(regex + 1, str + 1);
  }
}

// Returns true if and only if regex matches any substring of str.  regex must
// be a valid simple regular expression, or the result is undefined.
//
// The algorithm is recursive, but the recursion depth doesn't exceed
// the regex length, so we won't need to worry about running out of
// stack space normally.  In rare cases the time complexity can be
// exponential with respect to the regex length + the string length,
// but usually it's must faster (often close to linear).
bool MatchRegexAnywhere(const char* regex, const char* str) {
  if (regex == nullptr || str == nullptr) return false;

  if (*regex == '^') return MatchRegexAtHead(regex + 1, str);

  // A successful match can be anywhere in str.
  do {
    if (MatchRegexAtHead(regex, str)) return true;
  } while (*str++ != '\0');
  return false;
}

// Implements the RE class.

RE::~RE() {
  free(const_cast<char*>(pattern_));
  free(const_cast<char*>(full_pattern_));
}

// Returns true if and only if regular expression re matches the entire str.
bool RE::FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
  return re.is_valid_ && MatchRegexAnywhere(re.full_pattern_, str);
}

// Returns true if and only if regular expression re matches a substring of
// str (including str itself).
bool RE::PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
  return re.is_valid_ && MatchRegexAnywhere(re.pattern_, str);
}

// Initializes an RE from its string representation.
void RE::Init(const char* regex) {
  pattern_ = full_pattern_ = nullptr;
  if (regex != nullptr) {
    pattern_ = posix::StrDup(regex);
  }

  is_valid_ = ValidateRegex(regex);
  if (!is_valid_) {
    // No need to calculate the full pattern when the regex is invalid.
    return;
  }

  const size_t len = strlen(regex);
  // Reserves enough bytes to hold the regular expression used for a
  // full match: we need space to prepend a '^', append a '$', and
  // terminate the string with '\0'.
  char* buffer = static_cast<char*>(malloc(len + 3));
  full_pattern_ = buffer;

  if (*regex != '^')
    *buffer++ = '^';  // Makes sure full_pattern_ starts with '^'.

  // We don't use snprintf or strncpy, as they trigger a warning when
  // compiled with VC++ 8.0.
  memcpy(buffer, regex, len);
  buffer += len;

  if (len == 0 || regex[len - 1] != '$')
    *buffer++ = '$';  // Makes sure full_pattern_ ends with '$'.

  *buffer = '\0';
}

#endif  // GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE

const char kUnknownFile[] = "unknown file";

// Formats a source file path and a line number as they would appear
// in an error message from the compiler used to compile this code.
GTEST_API_ ::std::string FormatFileLocation(const char* file, int line) {
  const std::string file_name(file == nullptr ? kUnknownFile : file);

  if (line < 0) {
    return file_name + ":";
  }
#ifdef _MSC_VER
  return file_name + "(" + StreamableToString(line) + "):";
#else
  return file_name + ":" + StreamableToString(line) + ":";
#endif  // _MSC_VER
}

// Formats a file location for compiler-independent XML output.
// Although this function is not platform dependent, we put it next to
// FormatFileLocation in order to contrast the two functions.
// Note that FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation() does NOT append colon
// to the file location it produces, unlike FormatFileLocation().
GTEST_API_ ::std::string FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation(const char* file,
                                                               int line) {
  const std::string file_name(file == nullptr ? kUnknownFile : file);

  if (line < 0)
    return file_name;
  else
    return file_name + ":" + StreamableToString(line);
}

GTestLog::GTestLog(GTestLogSeverity severity, const char* file, int line)
    : severity_(severity) {
  const char* const marker = severity == GTEST_INFO      ? "[  INFO ]"
                             : severity == GTEST_WARNING ? "[WARNING]"
                             : severity == GTEST_ERROR   ? "[ ERROR ]"
                                                         : "[ FATAL ]";
  GetStream() << ::std::endl
              << marker << " " << FormatFileLocation(file, line).c_str()
              << ": ";
}

// Flushes the buffers and, if severity is GTEST_FATAL, aborts the program.
GTestLog::~GTestLog() {
  GetStream() << ::std::endl;
  if (severity_ == GTEST_FATAL) {
    fflush(stderr);
    posix::Abort();
  }
}

// Disable Microsoft deprecation warnings for POSIX functions called from
// this class (creat, dup, dup2, and close)
GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_PUSH_()

#if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION

// Object that captures an output stream (stdout/stderr).
class CapturedStream {
 public:
  // The ctor redirects the stream to a temporary file.
  explicit CapturedStream(int fd) : fd_(fd), uncaptured_fd_(dup(fd)) {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    char temp_dir_path[MAX_PATH + 1] = {'\0'};   // NOLINT
    char temp_file_path[MAX_PATH + 1] = {'\0'};  // NOLINT

    ::GetTempPathA(sizeof(temp_dir_path), temp_dir_path);
    const UINT success = ::GetTempFileNameA(temp_dir_path, "gtest_redir",
                                            0,  // Generate unique file name.
                                            temp_file_path);
    GTEST_CHECK_(success != 0)
        << "Unable to create a temporary file in " << temp_dir_path;
    const int captured_fd = creat(temp_file_path, _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE);
    GTEST_CHECK_(captured_fd != -1)
        << "Unable to open temporary file " << temp_file_path;
    filename_ = temp_file_path;
#else
    // There's no guarantee that a test has write access to the current
    // directory, so we create the temporary file in a temporary directory.
    std::string name_template;

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
    // Note: Android applications are expected to call the framework's
    // Context.getExternalStorageDirectory() method through JNI to get
    // the location of the world-writable SD Card directory. However,
    // this requires a Context handle, which cannot be retrieved
    // globally from native code. Doing so also precludes running the
    // code as part of a regular standalone executable, which doesn't
    // run in a Dalvik process (e.g. when running it through 'adb shell').
    //
    // The location /data/local/tmp is directly accessible from native code.
    // '/sdcard' and other variants cannot be relied on, as they are not
    // guaranteed to be mounted, or may have a delay in mounting.
    name_template = "/data/local/tmp/";
#elif GTEST_OS_IOS
    char user_temp_dir[PATH_MAX + 1];

    // Documented alternative to NSTemporaryDirectory() (for obtaining creating
    // a temporary directory) at
    // https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Security/Conceptual/SecureCodingGuide/Articles/RaceConditions.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40002585-SW10
    //
    // _CS_DARWIN_USER_TEMP_DIR (as well as _CS_DARWIN_USER_CACHE_DIR) is not
    // documented in the confstr() man page at
    // https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/System/Conceptual/ManPages_iPhoneOS/man3/confstr.3.html#//apple_ref/doc/man/3/confstr
    // but are still available, according to the WebKit patches at
    // https://trac.webkit.org/changeset/262004/webkit
    // https://trac.webkit.org/changeset/263705/webkit
    //
    // The confstr() implementation falls back to getenv("TMPDIR"). See
    // https://opensource.apple.com/source/Libc/Libc-1439.100.3/gen/confstr.c.auto.html
    ::confstr(_CS_DARWIN_USER_TEMP_DIR, user_temp_dir, sizeof(user_temp_dir));

    name_template = user_temp_dir;
    if (name_template.back() != GTEST_PATH_SEP_[0])
      name_template.push_back(GTEST_PATH_SEP_[0]);
#else
    name_template = "/tmp/";
#endif
    name_template.append("gtest_captured_stream.XXXXXX");

    // mkstemp() modifies the string bytes in place, and does not go beyond the
    // string's length. This results in well-defined behavior in C++17.
    //
    // The const_cast is needed below C++17. The constraints on std::string
    // implementations in C++11 and above make assumption behind the const_cast
    // fairly safe.
    const int captured_fd = ::mkstemp(const_cast<char*>(name_template.data()));
    if (captured_fd == -1) {
      GTEST_LOG_(WARNING)
          << "Failed to create tmp file " << name_template
          << " for test; does the test have access to the /tmp directory?";
    }
    filename_ = std::move(name_template);
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    fflush(nullptr);
    dup2(captured_fd, fd_);
    close(captured_fd);
  }

  ~CapturedStream() { remove(filename_.c_str()); }

  std::string GetCapturedString() {
    if (uncaptured_fd_ != -1) {
      // Restores the original stream.
      fflush(nullptr);
      dup2(uncaptured_fd_, fd_);
      close(uncaptured_fd_);
      uncaptured_fd_ = -1;
    }

    FILE* const file = posix::FOpen(filename_.c_str(), "r");
    if (file == nullptr) {
      GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Failed to open tmp file " << filename_
                        << " for capturing stream.";
    }
    const std::string content = ReadEntireFile(file);
    posix::FClose(file);
    return content;
  }

 private:
  const int fd_;  // A stream to capture.
  int uncaptured_fd_;
  // Name of the temporary file holding the stderr output.
  ::std::string filename_;

  CapturedStream(const CapturedStream&) = delete;
  CapturedStream& operator=(const CapturedStream&) = delete;
};

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_DEPRECATED_POP_()

static CapturedStream* g_captured_stderr = nullptr;
static CapturedStream* g_captured_stdout = nullptr;

// Starts capturing an output stream (stdout/stderr).
static void CaptureStream(int fd, const char* stream_name,
                          CapturedStream** stream) {
  if (*stream != nullptr) {
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Only one " << stream_name
                      << " capturer can exist at a time.";
  }
  *stream = new CapturedStream(fd);
}

// Stops capturing the output stream and returns the captured string.
static std::string GetCapturedStream(CapturedStream** captured_stream) {
  const std::string content = (*captured_stream)->GetCapturedString();

  delete *captured_stream;
  *captured_stream = nullptr;

  return content;
}

#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
// MSVC and C++Builder do not provide a definition of STDERR_FILENO.
const int kStdOutFileno = 1;
const int kStdErrFileno = 2;
#else
const int kStdOutFileno = STDOUT_FILENO;
const int kStdErrFileno = STDERR_FILENO;
#endif  // defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)

// Starts capturing stdout.
void CaptureStdout() {
  CaptureStream(kStdOutFileno, "stdout", &g_captured_stdout);
}

// Starts capturing stderr.
void CaptureStderr() {
  CaptureStream(kStdErrFileno, "stderr", &g_captured_stderr);
}

// Stops capturing stdout and returns the captured string.
std::string GetCapturedStdout() {
  return GetCapturedStream(&g_captured_stdout);
}

// Stops capturing stderr and returns the captured string.
std::string GetCapturedStderr() {
  return GetCapturedStream(&g_captured_stderr);
}

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION

size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file) {
  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
  return static_cast<size_t>(ftell(file));
}

std::string ReadEntireFile(FILE* file) {
  const size_t file_size = GetFileSize(file);
  char* const buffer = new char[file_size];

  size_t bytes_last_read = 0;  // # of bytes read in the last fread()
  size_t bytes_read = 0;       // # of bytes read so far

  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);

  // Keeps reading the file until we cannot read further or the
  // pre-determined file size is reached.
  do {
    bytes_last_read =
        fread(buffer + bytes_read, 1, file_size - bytes_read, file);
    bytes_read += bytes_last_read;
  } while (bytes_last_read > 0 && bytes_read < file_size);

  const std::string content(buffer, bytes_read);
  delete[] buffer;

  return content;
}

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
static const std::vector<std::string>* g_injected_test_argvs =
    nullptr;  // Owned.

std::vector<std::string> GetInjectableArgvs() {
  if (g_injected_test_argvs != nullptr) {
    return *g_injected_test_argvs;
  }
  return GetArgvs();
}

void SetInjectableArgvs(const std::vector<std::string>* new_argvs) {
  if (g_injected_test_argvs != new_argvs) delete g_injected_test_argvs;
  g_injected_test_argvs = new_argvs;
}

void SetInjectableArgvs(const std::vector<std::string>& new_argvs) {
  SetInjectableArgvs(
      new std::vector<std::string>(new_argvs.begin(), new_argvs.end()));
}

void ClearInjectableArgvs() {
  delete g_injected_test_argvs;
  g_injected_test_argvs = nullptr;
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
namespace posix {
void Abort() {
  DebugBreak();
  TerminateProcess(GetCurrentProcess(), 1);
}
}  // namespace posix
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

// Returns the name of the environment variable corresponding to the
// given flag.  For example, FlagToEnvVar("foo") will return
// "GTEST_FOO" in the open-source version.
static std::string FlagToEnvVar(const char* flag) {
  const std::string full_flag =
      (Message() << GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ << flag).GetString();

  Message env_var;
  for (size_t i = 0; i != full_flag.length(); i++) {
    env_var << ToUpper(full_flag.c_str()[i]);
  }

  return env_var.GetString();
}

// Parses 'str' for a 32-bit signed integer.  If successful, writes
// the result to *value and returns true; otherwise leaves *value
// unchanged and returns false.
bool ParseInt32(const Message& src_text, const char* str, int32_t* value) {
  // Parses the environment variable as a decimal integer.
  char* end = nullptr;
  const long long_value = strtol(str, &end, 10);  // NOLINT

  // Has strtol() consumed all characters in the string?
  if (*end != '\0') {
    // No - an invalid character was encountered.
    Message msg;
    msg << "WARNING: " << src_text
        << " is expected to be a 32-bit integer, but actually"
        << " has value \"" << str << "\".\n";
    printf("%s", msg.GetString().c_str());
    fflush(stdout);
    return false;
  }

  // Is the parsed value in the range of an int32_t?
  const auto result = static_cast<int32_t>(long_value);
  if (long_value == LONG_MAX || long_value == LONG_MIN ||
      // The parsed value overflows as a long.  (strtol() returns
      // LONG_MAX or LONG_MIN when the input overflows.)
      result != long_value
      // The parsed value overflows as an int32_t.
  ) {
    Message msg;
    msg << "WARNING: " << src_text
        << " is expected to be a 32-bit integer, but actually"
        << " has value " << str << ", which overflows.\n";
    printf("%s", msg.GetString().c_str());
    fflush(stdout);
    return false;
  }

  *value = result;
  return true;
}

// Reads and returns the Boolean environment variable corresponding to
// the given flag; if it's not set, returns default_value.
//
// The value is considered true if and only if it's not "0".
bool BoolFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, bool default_value) {
#if defined(GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_)
  return GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_(flag, default_value);
#else
  const std::string env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
  const char* const string_value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
  return string_value == nullptr ? default_value
                                 : strcmp(string_value, "0") != 0;
#endif  // defined(GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_)
}

// Reads and returns a 32-bit integer stored in the environment
// variable corresponding to the given flag; if it isn't set or
// doesn't represent a valid 32-bit integer, returns default_value.
int32_t Int32FromGTestEnv(const char* flag, int32_t default_value) {
#if defined(GTEST_GET_INT32_FROM_ENV_)
  return GTEST_GET_INT32_FROM_ENV_(flag, default_value);
#else
  const std::string env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
  const char* const string_value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
  if (string_value == nullptr) {
    // The environment variable is not set.
    return default_value;
  }

  int32_t result = default_value;
  if (!ParseInt32(Message() << "Environment variable " << env_var, string_value,
                  &result)) {
    printf("The default value %s is used.\n",
           (Message() << default_value).GetString().c_str());
    fflush(stdout);
    return default_value;
  }

  return result;
#endif  // defined(GTEST_GET_INT32_FROM_ENV_)
}

// As a special case for the 'output' flag, if GTEST_OUTPUT is not
// set, we look for XML_OUTPUT_FILE, which is set by the Bazel build
// system.  The value of XML_OUTPUT_FILE is a filename without the
// "xml:" prefix of GTEST_OUTPUT.
// Note that this is meant to be called at the call site so it does
// not check that the flag is 'output'
// In essence this checks an env variable called XML_OUTPUT_FILE
// and if it is set we prepend "xml:" to its value, if it not set we return ""
std::string OutputFlagAlsoCheckEnvVar() {
  std::string default_value_for_output_flag = "";
  const char* xml_output_file_env = posix::GetEnv("XML_OUTPUT_FILE");
  if (nullptr != xml_output_file_env) {
    default_value_for_output_flag = std::string("xml:") + xml_output_file_env;
  }
  return default_value_for_output_flag;
}

// Reads and returns the string environment variable corresponding to
// the given flag; if it's not set, returns default_value.
const char* StringFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, const char* default_value) {
#if defined(GTEST_GET_STRING_FROM_ENV_)
  return GTEST_GET_STRING_FROM_ENV_(flag, default_value);
#else
  const std::string env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
  const char* const value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
  return value == nullptr ? default_value : value;
#endif  // defined(GTEST_GET_STRING_FROM_ENV_)
}

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-printers.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// Google Test - The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework
//
// This file implements a universal value printer that can print a
// value of any type T:
//
//   void ::testing::internal::UniversalPrinter<T>::Print(value, ostream_ptr);
//
// It uses the << operator when possible, and prints the bytes in the
// object otherwise.  A user can override its behavior for a class
// type Foo by defining either operator<<(::std::ostream&, const Foo&)
// or void PrintTo(const Foo&, ::std::ostream*) in the namespace that
// defines Foo.

#include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"

#include <stdio.h>

#include <cctype>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cwchar>
#include <ostream>  // NOLINT
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"

namespace testing {

namespace {

using ::std::ostream;

// Prints a segment of bytes in the given object.
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
void PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(const unsigned char* obj_bytes, size_t start,
                                size_t count, ostream* os) {
  char text[5] = "";
  for (size_t i = 0; i != count; i++) {
    const size_t j = start + i;
    if (i != 0) {
      // Organizes the bytes into groups of 2 for easy parsing by
      // human.
      if ((j % 2) == 0)
        *os << ' ';
      else
        *os << '-';
    }
    GTEST_SNPRINTF_(text, sizeof(text), "%02X", obj_bytes[j]);
    *os << text;
  }
}

// Prints the bytes in the given value to the given ostream.
void PrintBytesInObjectToImpl(const unsigned char* obj_bytes, size_t count,
                              ostream* os) {
  // Tells the user how big the object is.
  *os << count << "-byte object <";

  const size_t kThreshold = 132;
  const size_t kChunkSize = 64;
  // If the object size is bigger than kThreshold, we'll have to omit
  // some details by printing only the first and the last kChunkSize
  // bytes.
  if (count < kThreshold) {
    PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(obj_bytes, 0, count, os);
  } else {
    PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(obj_bytes, 0, kChunkSize, os);
    *os << " ... ";
    // Rounds up to 2-byte boundary.
    const size_t resume_pos = (count - kChunkSize + 1) / 2 * 2;
    PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(obj_bytes, resume_pos, count - resume_pos, os);
  }
  *os << ">";
}

// Helpers for widening a character to char32_t. Since the standard does not
// specify if char / wchar_t is signed or unsigned, it is important to first
// convert it to the unsigned type of the same width before widening it to
// char32_t.
template <typename CharType>
char32_t ToChar32(CharType in) {
  return static_cast<char32_t>(
      static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<CharType>::type>(in));
}

}  // namespace

namespace internal {

// Delegates to PrintBytesInObjectToImpl() to print the bytes in the
// given object.  The delegation simplifies the implementation, which
// uses the << operator and thus is easier done outside of the
// ::testing::internal namespace, which contains a << operator that
// sometimes conflicts with the one in STL.
void PrintBytesInObjectTo(const unsigned char* obj_bytes, size_t count,
                          ostream* os) {
  PrintBytesInObjectToImpl(obj_bytes, count, os);
}

// Depending on the value of a char (or wchar_t), we print it in one
// of three formats:
//   - as is if it's a printable ASCII (e.g. 'a', '2', ' '),
//   - as a hexadecimal escape sequence (e.g. '\x7F'), or
//   - as a special escape sequence (e.g. '\r', '\n').
enum CharFormat { kAsIs, kHexEscape, kSpecialEscape };

// Returns true if c is a printable ASCII character.  We test the
// value of c directly instead of calling isprint(), which is buggy on
// Windows Mobile.
inline bool IsPrintableAscii(char32_t c) { return 0x20 <= c && c <= 0x7E; }

// Prints c (of type char, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t, or wchar_t) as a
// character literal without the quotes, escaping it when necessary; returns how
// c was formatted.
template <typename Char>
static CharFormat PrintAsCharLiteralTo(Char c, ostream* os) {
  const char32_t u_c = ToChar32(c);
  switch (u_c) {
    case L'\0':
      *os << "\\0";
      break;
    case L'\'':
      *os << "\\'";
      break;
    case L'\\':
      *os << "\\\\";
      break;
    case L'\a':
      *os << "\\a";
      break;
    case L'\b':
      *os << "\\b";
      break;
    case L'\f':
      *os << "\\f";
      break;
    case L'\n':
      *os << "\\n";
      break;
    case L'\r':
      *os << "\\r";
      break;
    case L'\t':
      *os << "\\t";
      break;
    case L'\v':
      *os << "\\v";
      break;
    default:
      if (IsPrintableAscii(u_c)) {
        *os << static_cast<char>(c);
        return kAsIs;
      } else {
        ostream::fmtflags flags = os->flags();
        *os << "\\x" << std::hex << std::uppercase << static_cast<int>(u_c);
        os->flags(flags);
        return kHexEscape;
      }
  }
  return kSpecialEscape;
}

// Prints a char32_t c as if it's part of a string literal, escaping it when
// necessary; returns how c was formatted.
static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char32_t c, ostream* os) {
  switch (c) {
    case L'\'':
      *os << "'";
      return kAsIs;
    case L'"':
      *os << "\\\"";
      return kSpecialEscape;
    default:
      return PrintAsCharLiteralTo(c, os);
  }
}

static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char) { return ""; }

static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(signed char) { return ""; }

static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(unsigned char) { return ""; }

#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char8_t) { return "u8"; }
#endif

static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char16_t) { return "u"; }

static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char32_t) { return "U"; }

static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(wchar_t) { return "L"; }

// Prints a char c as if it's part of a string literal, escaping it when
// necessary; returns how c was formatted.
static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char c, ostream* os) {
  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
}

#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char8_t c, ostream* os) {
  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
}
#endif

static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char16_t c, ostream* os) {
  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
}

static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(wchar_t c, ostream* os) {
  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
}

// Prints a character c (of type char, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t, or wchar_t)
// and its code. '\0' is printed as "'\\0'", other unprintable characters are
// also properly escaped using the standard C++ escape sequence.
template <typename Char>
void PrintCharAndCodeTo(Char c, ostream* os) {
  // First, print c as a literal in the most readable form we can find.
  *os << GetCharWidthPrefix(c) << "'";
  const CharFormat format = PrintAsCharLiteralTo(c, os);
  *os << "'";

  // To aid user debugging, we also print c's code in decimal, unless
  // it's 0 (in which case c was printed as '\\0', making the code
  // obvious).
  if (c == 0) return;
  *os << " (" << static_cast<int>(c);

  // For more convenience, we print c's code again in hexadecimal,
  // unless c was already printed in the form '\x##' or the code is in
  // [1, 9].
  if (format == kHexEscape || (1 <= c && c <= 9)) {
    // Do nothing.
  } else {
    *os << ", 0x" << String::FormatHexInt(static_cast<int>(c));
  }
  *os << ")";
}

void PrintTo(unsigned char c, ::std::ostream* os) { PrintCharAndCodeTo(c, os); }
void PrintTo(signed char c, ::std::ostream* os) { PrintCharAndCodeTo(c, os); }

// Prints a wchar_t as a symbol if it is printable or as its internal
// code otherwise and also as its code.  L'\0' is printed as "L'\\0'".
void PrintTo(wchar_t wc, ostream* os) { PrintCharAndCodeTo(wc, os); }

// TODO(dcheng): Consider making this delegate to PrintCharAndCodeTo() as well.
void PrintTo(char32_t c, ::std::ostream* os) {
  *os << std::hex << "U+" << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(4)
      << static_cast<uint32_t>(c);
}

// gcc/clang __{u,}int128_t
#if defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__)
void PrintTo(__uint128_t v, ::std::ostream* os) {
  if (v == 0) {
    *os << "0";
    return;
  }

  // Buffer large enough for ceil(log10(2^128))==39 and the null terminator
  char buf[40];
  char* p = buf + sizeof(buf);

  // Some configurations have a __uint128_t, but no support for built in
  // division. Do manual long division instead.

  uint64_t high = static_cast<uint64_t>(v >> 64);
  uint64_t low = static_cast<uint64_t>(v);

  *--p = 0;
  while (high != 0 || low != 0) {
    uint64_t high_mod = high % 10;
    high = high / 10;
    // This is the long division algorithm specialized for a divisor of 10 and
    // only two elements.
    // Notable values:
    //   2^64 / 10 == 1844674407370955161
    //   2^64 % 10 == 6
    const uint64_t carry = 6 * high_mod + low % 10;
    low = low / 10 + high_mod * 1844674407370955161 + carry / 10;

    char digit = static_cast<char>(carry % 10);
    *--p = '0' + digit;
  }
  *os << p;
}
void PrintTo(__int128_t v, ::std::ostream* os) {
  __uint128_t uv = static_cast<__uint128_t>(v);
  if (v < 0) {
    *os << "-";
    uv = -uv;
  }
  PrintTo(uv, os);
}
#endif  // __SIZEOF_INT128__

// Prints the given array of characters to the ostream.  CharType must be either
// char, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t, or wchar_t.
// The array starts at begin, the length is len, it may include '\0' characters
// and may not be NUL-terminated.
template <typename CharType>
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
    GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_
        GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_ static CharFormat
        PrintCharsAsStringTo(const CharType* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
  const char* const quote_prefix = GetCharWidthPrefix(*begin);
  *os << quote_prefix << "\"";
  bool is_previous_hex = false;
  CharFormat print_format = kAsIs;
  for (size_t index = 0; index < len; ++index) {
    const CharType cur = begin[index];
    if (is_previous_hex && IsXDigit(cur)) {
      // Previous character is of '\x..' form and this character can be
      // interpreted as another hexadecimal digit in its number. Break string to
      // disambiguate.
      *os << "\" " << quote_prefix << "\"";
    }
    is_previous_hex = PrintAsStringLiteralTo(cur, os) == kHexEscape;
    // Remember if any characters required hex escaping.
    if (is_previous_hex) {
      print_format = kHexEscape;
    }
  }
  *os << "\"";
  return print_format;
}

// Prints a (const) char/wchar_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
// 'begin'.  CharType must be either char or wchar_t.
template <typename CharType>
GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
    GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_HWADDRESS_
        GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_ static void
        UniversalPrintCharArray(const CharType* begin, size_t len,
                                ostream* os) {
  // The code
  //   const char kFoo[] = "foo";
  // generates an array of 4, not 3, elements, with the last one being '\0'.
  //
  // Therefore when printing a char array, we don't print the last element if
  // it's '\0', such that the output matches the string literal as it's
  // written in the source code.
  if (len > 0 && begin[len - 1] == '\0') {
    PrintCharsAsStringTo(begin, len - 1, os);
    return;
  }

  // If, however, the last element in the array is not '\0', e.g.
  //    const char kFoo[] = { 'f', 'o', 'o' };
  // we must print the entire array.  We also print a message to indicate
  // that the array is not NUL-terminated.
  PrintCharsAsStringTo(begin, len, os);
  *os << " (no terminating NUL)";
}

// Prints a (const) char array of 'len' elements, starting at address 'begin'.
void UniversalPrintArray(const char* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
}

#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
// Prints a (const) char8_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
// 'begin'.
void UniversalPrintArray(const char8_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
}
#endif

// Prints a (const) char16_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
// 'begin'.
void UniversalPrintArray(const char16_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
}

// Prints a (const) char32_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
// 'begin'.
void UniversalPrintArray(const char32_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
}

// Prints a (const) wchar_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
// 'begin'.
void UniversalPrintArray(const wchar_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
}

namespace {

// Prints a null-terminated C-style string to the ostream.
template <typename Char>
void PrintCStringTo(const Char* s, ostream* os) {
  if (s == nullptr) {
    *os << "NULL";
  } else {
    *os << ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s) << " pointing to ";
    PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, std::char_traits<Char>::length(s), os);
  }
}

}  // anonymous namespace

void PrintTo(const char* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }

#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
void PrintTo(const char8_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }
#endif

void PrintTo(const char16_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }

void PrintTo(const char32_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }

// MSVC compiler can be configured to define whar_t as a typedef
// of unsigned short. Defining an overload for const wchar_t* in that case
// would cause pointers to unsigned shorts be printed as wide strings,
// possibly accessing more memory than intended and causing invalid
// memory accesses. MSVC defines _NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED symbol when
// wchar_t is implemented as a native type.
#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED)
// Prints the given wide C string to the ostream.
void PrintTo(const wchar_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }
#endif  // wchar_t is native

namespace {

bool ContainsUnprintableControlCodes(const char* str, size_t length) {
  const unsigned char* s = reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(str);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    unsigned char ch = *s++;
    if (std::iscntrl(ch)) {
      switch (ch) {
        case '\t':
        case '\n':
        case '\r':
          break;
        default:
          return true;
      }
    }
  }
  return false;
}

bool IsUTF8TrailByte(unsigned char t) { return 0x80 <= t && t <= 0xbf; }

bool IsValidUTF8(const char* str, size_t length) {
  const unsigned char* s = reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(str);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < length;) {
    unsigned char lead = s[i++];

    if (lead <= 0x7f) {
      continue;  // single-byte character (ASCII) 0..7F
    }
    if (lead < 0xc2) {
      return false;  // trail byte or non-shortest form
    } else if (lead <= 0xdf && (i + 1) <= length && IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i])) {
      ++i;  // 2-byte character
    } else if (0xe0 <= lead && lead <= 0xef && (i + 2) <= length &&
               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i]) && IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i + 1]) &&
               // check for non-shortest form and surrogate
               (lead != 0xe0 || s[i] >= 0xa0) &&
               (lead != 0xed || s[i] < 0xa0)) {
      i += 2;  // 3-byte character
    } else if (0xf0 <= lead && lead <= 0xf4 && (i + 3) <= length &&
               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i]) && IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i + 1]) &&
               IsUTF8TrailByte(s[i + 2]) &&
               // check for non-shortest form
               (lead != 0xf0 || s[i] >= 0x90) &&
               (lead != 0xf4 || s[i] < 0x90)) {
      i += 3;  // 4-byte character
    } else {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return true;
}

void ConditionalPrintAsText(const char* str, size_t length, ostream* os) {
  if (!ContainsUnprintableControlCodes(str, length) &&
      IsValidUTF8(str, length)) {
    *os << "\n    As Text: \"" << str << "\"";
  }
}

}  // anonymous namespace

void PrintStringTo(const ::std::string& s, ostream* os) {
  if (PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os) == kHexEscape) {
    if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_utf8)) {
      ConditionalPrintAsText(s.data(), s.size(), os);
    }
  }
}

#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
void PrintU8StringTo(const ::std::u8string& s, ostream* os) {
  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
}
#endif

void PrintU16StringTo(const ::std::u16string& s, ostream* os) {
  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
}

void PrintU32StringTo(const ::std::u32string& s, ostream* os) {
  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
}

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
void PrintWideStringTo(const ::std::wstring& s, ostream* os) {
  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

}  // namespace internal

}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-test-part.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

//
// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)

#include "gtest/gtest-test-part.h"

#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"

namespace testing {

using internal::GetUnitTestImpl;

// Gets the summary of the failure message by omitting the stack trace
// in it.
std::string TestPartResult::ExtractSummary(const char* message) {
  const char* const stack_trace = strstr(message, internal::kStackTraceMarker);
  return stack_trace == nullptr ? message : std::string(message, stack_trace);
}

// Prints a TestPartResult object.
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const TestPartResult& result) {
  return os << internal::FormatFileLocation(result.file_name(),
                                            result.line_number())
            << " "
            << (result.type() == TestPartResult::kSuccess ? "Success"
                : result.type() == TestPartResult::kSkip  ? "Skipped"
                : result.type() == TestPartResult::kFatalFailure
                    ? "Fatal failure"
                    : "Non-fatal failure")
            << ":\n"
            << result.message() << std::endl;
}

// Appends a TestPartResult to the array.
void TestPartResultArray::Append(const TestPartResult& result) {
  array_.push_back(result);
}

// Returns the TestPartResult at the given index (0-based).
const TestPartResult& TestPartResultArray::GetTestPartResult(int index) const {
  if (index < 0 || index >= size()) {
    printf("\nInvalid index (%d) into TestPartResultArray.\n", index);
    internal::posix::Abort();
  }

  return array_[static_cast<size_t>(index)];
}

// Returns the number of TestPartResult objects in the array.
int TestPartResultArray::size() const {
  return static_cast<int>(array_.size());
}

namespace internal {

HasNewFatalFailureHelper::HasNewFatalFailureHelper()
    : has_new_fatal_failure_(false),
      original_reporter_(
          GetUnitTestImpl()->GetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread()) {
  GetUnitTestImpl()->SetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread(this);
}

HasNewFatalFailureHelper::~HasNewFatalFailureHelper() {
  GetUnitTestImpl()->SetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread(
      original_reporter_);
}

void HasNewFatalFailureHelper::ReportTestPartResult(
    const TestPartResult& result) {
  if (result.fatally_failed()) has_new_fatal_failure_ = true;
  original_reporter_->ReportTestPartResult(result);
}

}  // namespace internal

}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.
// All Rights Reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#include "gtest/gtest-typed-test.h"

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// Skips to the first non-space char in str. Returns an empty string if str
// contains only whitespace characters.
static const char* SkipSpaces(const char* str) {
  while (IsSpace(*str)) str++;
  return str;
}

static std::vector<std::string> SplitIntoTestNames(const char* src) {
  std::vector<std::string> name_vec;
  src = SkipSpaces(src);
  for (; src != nullptr; src = SkipComma(src)) {
    name_vec.push_back(StripTrailingSpaces(GetPrefixUntilComma(src)));
  }
  return name_vec;
}

// Verifies that registered_tests match the test names in
// registered_tests_; returns registered_tests if successful, or
// aborts the program otherwise.
const char* TypedTestSuitePState::VerifyRegisteredTestNames(
    const char* test_suite_name, const char* file, int line,
    const char* registered_tests) {
  RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuite(test_suite_name, CodeLocation(file, line));

  typedef RegisteredTestsMap::const_iterator RegisteredTestIter;
  registered_ = true;

  std::vector<std::string> name_vec = SplitIntoTestNames(registered_tests);

  Message errors;

  std::set<std::string> tests;
  for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator name_it = name_vec.begin();
       name_it != name_vec.end(); ++name_it) {
    const std::string& name = *name_it;
    if (tests.count(name) != 0) {
      errors << "Test " << name << " is listed more than once.\n";
      continue;
    }

    if (registered_tests_.count(name) != 0) {
      tests.insert(name);
    } else {
      errors << "No test named " << name
             << " can be found in this test suite.\n";
    }
  }

  for (RegisteredTestIter it = registered_tests_.begin();
       it != registered_tests_.end(); ++it) {
    if (tests.count(it->first) == 0) {
      errors << "You forgot to list test " << it->first << ".\n";
    }
  }

  const std::string& errors_str = errors.GetString();
  if (errors_str != "") {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s %s", FormatFileLocation(file, line).c_str(),
            errors_str.c_str());
    fflush(stderr);
    posix::Abort();
  }

  return registered_tests;
}

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

//
// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <wctype.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <chrono>  // NOLINT
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdint>
#include <initializer_list>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iterator>
#include <limits>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <ostream>  // NOLINT
#include <sstream>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
#include "gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h"

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX

#include <fcntl.h>   // NOLINT
#include <limits.h>  // NOLINT
#include <sched.h>   // NOLINT
// Declares vsnprintf().  This header is not available on Windows.
#include <strings.h>   // NOLINT
#include <sys/mman.h>  // NOLINT
#include <sys/time.h>  // NOLINT
#include <unistd.h>    // NOLINT

#include <string>

#elif GTEST_OS_ZOS
#include <sys/time.h>  // NOLINT

// On z/OS we additionally need strings.h for strcasecmp.
#include <strings.h>   // NOLINT

#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE  // We are on Windows CE.

#include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
#undef min

#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS  // We are on Windows proper.

#include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
#undef min

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <crtdbg.h>  // NOLINT
#endif

#include <io.h>         // NOLINT
#include <sys/stat.h>   // NOLINT
#include <sys/timeb.h>  // NOLINT
#include <sys/types.h>  // NOLINT

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
#include <sys/time.h>  // NOLINT
#endif                 // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW

#else

// cpplint thinks that the header is already included, so we want to
// silence it.
#include <sys/time.h>  // NOLINT
#include <unistd.h>    // NOLINT

#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
#include <stdexcept>
#endif

#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
#include <arpa/inet.h>   // NOLINT
#include <netdb.h>       // NOLINT
#include <sys/socket.h>  // NOLINT
#include <sys/types.h>   // NOLINT
#endif

#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#define vsnprintf _vsnprintf
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#if GTEST_OS_MAC
#ifndef GTEST_OS_IOS
#include <crt_externs.h>
#endif
#endif

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
#include "absl/debugging/failure_signal_handler.h"
#include "absl/debugging/stacktrace.h"
#include "absl/debugging/symbolize.h"
#include "absl/flags/parse.h"
#include "absl/flags/usage.h"
#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
#include "absl/strings/str_replace.h"
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

namespace testing {

using internal::CountIf;
using internal::ForEach;
using internal::GetElementOr;
using internal::Shuffle;

// Constants.

// A test whose test suite name or test name matches this filter is
// disabled and not run.
static const char kDisableTestFilter[] = "DISABLED_*:*/DISABLED_*";

// A test suite whose name matches this filter is considered a death
// test suite and will be run before test suites whose name doesn't
// match this filter.
static const char kDeathTestSuiteFilter[] = "*DeathTest:*DeathTest/*";

// A test filter that matches everything.
static const char kUniversalFilter[] = "*";

// The default output format.
static const char kDefaultOutputFormat[] = "xml";
// The default output file.
static const char kDefaultOutputFile[] = "test_detail";

// The environment variable name for the test shard index.
static const char kTestShardIndex[] = "GTEST_SHARD_INDEX";
// The environment variable name for the total number of test shards.
static const char kTestTotalShards[] = "GTEST_TOTAL_SHARDS";
// The environment variable name for the test shard status file.
static const char kTestShardStatusFile[] = "GTEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE";

namespace internal {

// The text used in failure messages to indicate the start of the
// stack trace.
const char kStackTraceMarker[] = "\nStack trace:\n";

// g_help_flag is true if and only if the --help flag or an equivalent form
// is specified on the command line.
bool g_help_flag = false;

// Utility function to Open File for Writing
static FILE* OpenFileForWriting(const std::string& output_file) {
  FILE* fileout = nullptr;
  FilePath output_file_path(output_file);
  FilePath output_dir(output_file_path.RemoveFileName());

  if (output_dir.CreateDirectoriesRecursively()) {
    fileout = posix::FOpen(output_file.c_str(), "w");
  }
  if (fileout == nullptr) {
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \"" << output_file << "\"";
  }
  return fileout;
}

}  // namespace internal

// Bazel passes in the argument to '--test_filter' via the TESTBRIDGE_TEST_ONLY
// environment variable.
static const char* GetDefaultFilter() {
  const char* const testbridge_test_only =
      internal::posix::GetEnv("TESTBRIDGE_TEST_ONLY");
  if (testbridge_test_only != nullptr) {
    return testbridge_test_only;
  }
  return kUniversalFilter;
}

// Bazel passes in the argument to '--test_runner_fail_fast' via the
// TESTBRIDGE_TEST_RUNNER_FAIL_FAST environment variable.
static bool GetDefaultFailFast() {
  const char* const testbridge_test_runner_fail_fast =
      internal::posix::GetEnv("TESTBRIDGE_TEST_RUNNER_FAIL_FAST");
  if (testbridge_test_runner_fail_fast != nullptr) {
    return strcmp(testbridge_test_runner_fail_fast, "1") == 0;
  }
  return false;
}

}  // namespace testing

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    fail_fast,
    testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("fail_fast",
                                        testing::GetDefaultFailFast()),
    "True if and only if a test failure should stop further test execution.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    also_run_disabled_tests,
    testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("also_run_disabled_tests", false),
    "Run disabled tests too, in addition to the tests normally being run.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    break_on_failure,
    testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("break_on_failure", false),
    "True if and only if a failed assertion should be a debugger "
    "break-point.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(catch_exceptions,
                   testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("catch_exceptions",
                                                       true),
                   "True if and only if " GTEST_NAME_
                   " should catch exceptions and treat them as test failures.");

GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
    color, testing::internal::StringFromGTestEnv("color", "auto"),
    "Whether to use colors in the output.  Valid values: yes, no, "
    "and auto.  'auto' means to use colors if the output is "
    "being sent to a terminal and the TERM environment variable "
    "is set to a terminal type that supports colors.");

GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
    filter,
    testing::internal::StringFromGTestEnv("filter",
                                          testing::GetDefaultFilter()),
    "A colon-separated list of glob (not regex) patterns "
    "for filtering the tests to run, optionally followed by a "
    "'-' and a : separated list of negative patterns (tests to "
    "exclude).  A test is run if it matches one of the positive "
    "patterns and does not match any of the negative patterns.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    install_failure_signal_handler,
    testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("install_failure_signal_handler",
                                        false),
    "If true and supported on the current platform, " GTEST_NAME_
    " should "
    "install a signal handler that dumps debugging information when fatal "
    "signals are raised.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(list_tests, false, "List all tests without running them.");

// The net priority order after flag processing is thus:
//   --gtest_output command line flag
//   GTEST_OUTPUT environment variable
//   XML_OUTPUT_FILE environment variable
//   ''
GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
    output,
    testing::internal::StringFromGTestEnv(
        "output", testing::internal::OutputFlagAlsoCheckEnvVar().c_str()),
    "A format (defaults to \"xml\" but can be specified to be \"json\"), "
    "optionally followed by a colon and an output file name or directory. "
    "A directory is indicated by a trailing pathname separator. "
    "Examples: \"xml:filename.xml\", \"xml::directoryname/\". "
    "If a directory is specified, output files will be created "
    "within that directory, with file-names based on the test "
    "executable's name and, if necessary, made unique by adding "
    "digits.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    brief, testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("brief", false),
    "True if only test failures should be displayed in text output.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(print_time,
                   testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("print_time", true),
                   "True if and only if " GTEST_NAME_
                   " should display elapsed time in text output.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(print_utf8,
                   testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("print_utf8", true),
                   "True if and only if " GTEST_NAME_
                   " prints UTF8 characters as text.");

GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(
    random_seed, testing::internal::Int32FromGTestEnv("random_seed", 0),
    "Random number seed to use when shuffling test orders.  Must be in range "
    "[1, 99999], or 0 to use a seed based on the current time.");

GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(
    repeat, testing::internal::Int32FromGTestEnv("repeat", 1),
    "How many times to repeat each test.  Specify a negative number "
    "for repeating forever.  Useful for shaking out flaky tests.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    recreate_environments_when_repeating,
    testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("recreate_environments_when_repeating",
                                        false),
    "Controls whether global test environments are recreated for each repeat "
    "of the tests. If set to false the global test environments are only set "
    "up once, for the first iteration, and only torn down once, for the last. "
    "Useful for shaking out flaky tests with stable, expensive test "
    "environments. If --gtest_repeat is set to a negative number, meaning "
    "there is no last run, the environments will always be recreated to avoid "
    "leaks.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(show_internal_stack_frames, false,
                   "True if and only if " GTEST_NAME_
                   " should include internal stack frames when "
                   "printing test failure stack traces.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(shuffle,
                   testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("shuffle", false),
                   "True if and only if " GTEST_NAME_
                   " should randomize tests' order on every run.");

GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(
    stack_trace_depth,
    testing::internal::Int32FromGTestEnv("stack_trace_depth",
                                         testing::kMaxStackTraceDepth),
    "The maximum number of stack frames to print when an "
    "assertion fails.  The valid range is 0 through 100, inclusive.");

GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
    stream_result_to,
    testing::internal::StringFromGTestEnv("stream_result_to", ""),
    "This flag specifies the host name and the port number on which to stream "
    "test results. Example: \"localhost:555\". The flag is effective only on "
    "Linux.");

GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
    throw_on_failure,
    testing::internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("throw_on_failure", false),
    "When this flag is specified, a failed assertion will throw an exception "
    "if exceptions are enabled or exit the program with a non-zero code "
    "otherwise. For use with an external test framework.");

#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
    flagfile, testing::internal::StringFromGTestEnv("flagfile", ""),
    "This flag specifies the flagfile to read command-line flags from.");
#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// Generates a random number from [0, range), using a Linear
// Congruential Generator (LCG).  Crashes if 'range' is 0 or greater
// than kMaxRange.
uint32_t Random::Generate(uint32_t range) {
  // These constants are the same as are used in glibc's rand(3).
  // Use wider types than necessary to prevent unsigned overflow diagnostics.
  state_ = static_cast<uint32_t>(1103515245ULL * state_ + 12345U) % kMaxRange;

  GTEST_CHECK_(range > 0) << "Cannot generate a number in the range [0, 0).";
  GTEST_CHECK_(range <= kMaxRange)
      << "Generation of a number in [0, " << range << ") was requested, "
      << "but this can only generate numbers in [0, " << kMaxRange << ").";

  // Converting via modulus introduces a bit of downward bias, but
  // it's simple, and a linear congruential generator isn't too good
  // to begin with.
  return state_ % range;
}

// GTestIsInitialized() returns true if and only if the user has initialized
// Google Test.  Useful for catching the user mistake of not initializing
// Google Test before calling RUN_ALL_TESTS().
static bool GTestIsInitialized() { return GetArgvs().size() > 0; }

// Iterates over a vector of TestSuites, keeping a running sum of the
// results of calling a given int-returning method on each.
// Returns the sum.
static int SumOverTestSuiteList(const std::vector<TestSuite*>& case_list,
                                int (TestSuite::*method)() const) {
  int sum = 0;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < case_list.size(); i++) {
    sum += (case_list[i]->*method)();
  }
  return sum;
}

// Returns true if and only if the test suite passed.
static bool TestSuitePassed(const TestSuite* test_suite) {
  return test_suite->should_run() && test_suite->Passed();
}

// Returns true if and only if the test suite failed.
static bool TestSuiteFailed(const TestSuite* test_suite) {
  return test_suite->should_run() && test_suite->Failed();
}

// Returns true if and only if test_suite contains at least one test that
// should run.
static bool ShouldRunTestSuite(const TestSuite* test_suite) {
  return test_suite->should_run();
}

// AssertHelper constructor.
AssertHelper::AssertHelper(TestPartResult::Type type, const char* file,
                           int line, const char* message)
    : data_(new AssertHelperData(type, file, line, message)) {}

AssertHelper::~AssertHelper() { delete data_; }

// Message assignment, for assertion streaming support.
void AssertHelper::operator=(const Message& message) const {
  UnitTest::GetInstance()->AddTestPartResult(
      data_->type, data_->file, data_->line,
      AppendUserMessage(data_->message, message),
      UnitTest::GetInstance()->impl()->CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(1)
      // Skips the stack frame for this function itself.
  );  // NOLINT
}

namespace {

// When TEST_P is found without a matching INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P
// to creates test cases for it, a synthetic test case is
// inserted to report ether an error or a log message.
//
// This configuration bit will likely be removed at some point.
constexpr bool kErrorOnUninstantiatedParameterizedTest = true;
constexpr bool kErrorOnUninstantiatedTypeParameterizedTest = true;

// A test that fails at a given file/line location with a given message.
class FailureTest : public Test {
 public:
  explicit FailureTest(const CodeLocation& loc, std::string error_message,
                       bool as_error)
      : loc_(loc),
        error_message_(std::move(error_message)),
        as_error_(as_error) {}

  void TestBody() override {
    if (as_error_) {
      AssertHelper(TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure, loc_.file.c_str(),
                   loc_.line, "") = Message() << error_message_;
    } else {
      std::cout << error_message_ << std::endl;
    }
  }

 private:
  const CodeLocation loc_;
  const std::string error_message_;
  const bool as_error_;
};

}  // namespace

std::set<std::string>* GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites() {
  return UnitTest::GetInstance()->impl()->ignored_parameterized_test_suites();
}

// Add a given test_suit to the list of them allow to go un-instantiated.
MarkAsIgnored::MarkAsIgnored(const char* test_suite) {
  GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites()->insert(test_suite);
}

// If this parameterized test suite has no instantiations (and that
// has not been marked as okay), emit a test case reporting that.
void InsertSyntheticTestCase(const std::string& name, CodeLocation location,
                             bool has_test_p) {
  const auto& ignored = *GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites();
  if (ignored.find(name) != ignored.end()) return;

  const char kMissingInstantiation[] =  //
      " is defined via TEST_P, but never instantiated. None of the test cases "
      "will run. Either no INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P is provided or the only "
      "ones provided expand to nothing."
      "\n\n"
      "Ideally, TEST_P definitions should only ever be included as part of "
      "binaries that intend to use them. (As opposed to, for example, being "
      "placed in a library that may be linked in to get other utilities.)";

  const char kMissingTestCase[] =  //
      " is instantiated via INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P, but no tests are "
      "defined via TEST_P . No test cases will run."
      "\n\n"
      "Ideally, INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P should only ever be invoked from "
      "code that always depend on code that provides TEST_P. Failing to do "
      "so is often an indication of dead code, e.g. the last TEST_P was "
      "removed but the rest got left behind.";

  std::string message =
      "Parameterized test suite " + name +
      (has_test_p ? kMissingInstantiation : kMissingTestCase) +
      "\n\n"
      "To suppress this error for this test suite, insert the following line "
      "(in a non-header) in the namespace it is defined in:"
      "\n\n"
      "GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(" +
      name + ");";

  std::string full_name = "UninstantiatedParameterizedTestSuite<" + name + ">";
  RegisterTest(  //
      "GoogleTestVerification", full_name.c_str(),
      nullptr,  // No type parameter.
      nullptr,  // No value parameter.
      location.file.c_str(), location.line, [message, location] {
        return new FailureTest(location, message,
                               kErrorOnUninstantiatedParameterizedTest);
      });
}

void RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuite(const char* test_suite_name,
                                        CodeLocation code_location) {
  GetUnitTestImpl()->type_parameterized_test_registry().RegisterTestSuite(
      test_suite_name, code_location);
}

void RegisterTypeParameterizedTestSuiteInstantiation(const char* case_name) {
  GetUnitTestImpl()->type_parameterized_test_registry().RegisterInstantiation(
      case_name);
}

void TypeParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry::RegisterTestSuite(
    const char* test_suite_name, CodeLocation code_location) {
  suites_.emplace(std::string(test_suite_name),
                  TypeParameterizedTestSuiteInfo(code_location));
}

void TypeParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry::RegisterInstantiation(
    const char* test_suite_name) {
  auto it = suites_.find(std::string(test_suite_name));
  if (it != suites_.end()) {
    it->second.instantiated = true;
  } else {
    GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) << "Unknown type parameterized test suit '"
                      << test_suite_name << "'";
  }
}

void TypeParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry::CheckForInstantiations() {
  const auto& ignored = *GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites();
  for (const auto& testcase : suites_) {
    if (testcase.second.instantiated) continue;
    if (ignored.find(testcase.first) != ignored.end()) continue;

    std::string message =
        "Type parameterized test suite " + testcase.first +
        " is defined via REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P, but never instantiated "
        "via INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P. None of the test cases will run."
        "\n\n"
        "Ideally, TYPED_TEST_P definitions should only ever be included as "
        "part of binaries that intend to use them. (As opposed to, for "
        "example, being placed in a library that may be linked in to get other "
        "utilities.)"
        "\n\n"
        "To suppress this error for this test suite, insert the following line "
        "(in a non-header) in the namespace it is defined in:"
        "\n\n"
        "GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(" +
        testcase.first + ");";

    std::string full_name =
        "UninstantiatedTypeParameterizedTestSuite<" + testcase.first + ">";
    RegisterTest(  //
        "GoogleTestVerification", full_name.c_str(),
        nullptr,  // No type parameter.
        nullptr,  // No value parameter.
        testcase.second.code_location.file.c_str(),
        testcase.second.code_location.line, [message, testcase] {
          return new FailureTest(testcase.second.code_location, message,
                                 kErrorOnUninstantiatedTypeParameterizedTest);
        });
  }
}

// A copy of all command line arguments.  Set by InitGoogleTest().
static ::std::vector<std::string> g_argvs;

::std::vector<std::string> GetArgvs() {
#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_)
  // GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_() may return a container of std::string or
  // ::string. This code converts it to the appropriate type.
  const auto& custom = GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_();
  return ::std::vector<std::string>(custom.begin(), custom.end());
#else   // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_)
  return g_argvs;
#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_)
}

// Returns the current application's name, removing directory path if that
// is present.
FilePath GetCurrentExecutableName() {
  FilePath result;

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_OS2
  result.Set(FilePath(GetArgvs()[0]).RemoveExtension("exe"));
#else
  result.Set(FilePath(GetArgvs()[0]));
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

  return result.RemoveDirectoryName();
}

// Functions for processing the gtest_output flag.

// Returns the output format, or "" for normal printed output.
std::string UnitTestOptions::GetOutputFormat() {
  std::string s = GTEST_FLAG_GET(output);
  const char* const gtest_output_flag = s.c_str();
  const char* const colon = strchr(gtest_output_flag, ':');
  return (colon == nullptr)
             ? std::string(gtest_output_flag)
             : std::string(gtest_output_flag,
                           static_cast<size_t>(colon - gtest_output_flag));
}

// Returns the name of the requested output file, or the default if none
// was explicitly specified.
std::string UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile() {
  std::string s = GTEST_FLAG_GET(output);
  const char* const gtest_output_flag = s.c_str();

  std::string format = GetOutputFormat();
  if (format.empty()) format = std::string(kDefaultOutputFormat);

  const char* const colon = strchr(gtest_output_flag, ':');
  if (colon == nullptr)
    return internal::FilePath::MakeFileName(
               internal::FilePath(
                   UnitTest::GetInstance()->original_working_dir()),
               internal::FilePath(kDefaultOutputFile), 0, format.c_str())
        .string();

  internal::FilePath output_name(colon + 1);
  if (!output_name.IsAbsolutePath())
    output_name = internal::FilePath::ConcatPaths(
        internal::FilePath(UnitTest::GetInstance()->original_working_dir()),
        internal::FilePath(colon + 1));

  if (!output_name.IsDirectory()) return output_name.string();

  internal::FilePath result(internal::FilePath::GenerateUniqueFileName(
      output_name, internal::GetCurrentExecutableName(),
      GetOutputFormat().c_str()));
  return result.string();
}

// Returns true if and only if the wildcard pattern matches the string. Each
// pattern consists of regular characters, single-character wildcards (?), and
// multi-character wildcards (*).
//
// This function implements a linear-time string globbing algorithm based on
// https://research.swtch.com/glob.
static bool PatternMatchesString(const std::string& name_str,
                                 const char* pattern, const char* pattern_end) {
  const char* name = name_str.c_str();
  const char* const name_begin = name;
  const char* const name_end = name + name_str.size();

  const char* pattern_next = pattern;
  const char* name_next = name;

  while (pattern < pattern_end || name < name_end) {
    if (pattern < pattern_end) {
      switch (*pattern) {
        default:  // Match an ordinary character.
          if (name < name_end && *name == *pattern) {
            ++pattern;
            ++name;
            continue;
          }
          break;
        case '?':  // Match any single character.
          if (name < name_end) {
            ++pattern;
            ++name;
            continue;
          }
          break;
        case '*':
          // Match zero or more characters. Start by skipping over the wildcard
          // and matching zero characters from name. If that fails, restart and
          // match one more character than the last attempt.
          pattern_next = pattern;
          name_next = name + 1;
          ++pattern;
          continue;
      }
    }
    // Failed to match a character. Restart if possible.
    if (name_begin < name_next && name_next <= name_end) {
      pattern = pattern_next;
      name = name_next;
      continue;
    }
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

namespace {

bool IsGlobPattern(const std::string& pattern) {
  return std::any_of(pattern.begin(), pattern.end(),
                     [](const char c) { return c == '?' || c == '*'; });
}

class UnitTestFilter {
 public:
  UnitTestFilter() = default;

  // Constructs a filter from a string of patterns separated by `:`.
  explicit UnitTestFilter(const std::string& filter) {
    // By design "" filter matches "" string.
    std::vector<std::string> all_patterns;
    SplitString(filter, ':', &all_patterns);
    const auto exact_match_patterns_begin = std::partition(
        all_patterns.begin(), all_patterns.end(), &IsGlobPattern);

    glob_patterns_.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(
        std::distance(all_patterns.begin(), exact_match_patterns_begin)));
    std::move(all_patterns.begin(), exact_match_patterns_begin,
              std::inserter(glob_patterns_, glob_patterns_.begin()));
    std::move(
        exact_match_patterns_begin, all_patterns.end(),
        std::inserter(exact_match_patterns_, exact_match_patterns_.begin()));
  }

  // Returns true if and only if name matches at least one of the patterns in
  // the filter.
  bool MatchesName(const std::string& name) const {
    return exact_match_patterns_.count(name) > 0 ||
           std::any_of(glob_patterns_.begin(), glob_patterns_.end(),
                       [&name](const std::string& pattern) {
                         return PatternMatchesString(
                             name, pattern.c_str(),
                             pattern.c_str() + pattern.size());
                       });
  }

 private:
  std::vector<std::string> glob_patterns_;
  std::unordered_set<std::string> exact_match_patterns_;
};

class PositiveAndNegativeUnitTestFilter {
 public:
  // Constructs a positive and a negative filter from a string. The string
  // contains a positive filter optionally followed by a '-' character and a
  // negative filter. In case only a negative filter is provided the positive
  // filter will be assumed "*".
  // A filter is a list of patterns separated by ':'.
  explicit PositiveAndNegativeUnitTestFilter(const std::string& filter) {
    std::vector<std::string> positive_and_negative_filters;

    // NOTE: `SplitString` always returns a non-empty container.
    SplitString(filter, '-', &positive_and_negative_filters);
    const auto& positive_filter = positive_and_negative_filters.front();

    if (positive_and_negative_filters.size() > 1) {
      positive_filter_ = UnitTestFilter(
          positive_filter.empty() ? kUniversalFilter : positive_filter);

      // TODO(b/214626361): Fail on multiple '-' characters
      // For the moment to preserve old behavior we concatenate the rest of the
      // string parts with `-` as separator to generate the negative filter.
      auto negative_filter_string = positive_and_negative_filters[1];
      for (std::size_t i = 2; i < positive_and_negative_filters.size(); i++)
        negative_filter_string =
            negative_filter_string + '-' + positive_and_negative_filters[i];
      negative_filter_ = UnitTestFilter(negative_filter_string);
    } else {
      // In case we don't have a negative filter and positive filter is ""
      // we do not use kUniversalFilter by design as opposed to when we have a
      // negative filter.
      positive_filter_ = UnitTestFilter(positive_filter);
    }
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test name (this is generated by appending test
  // suit name and test name via a '.' character) matches the positive filter
  // and does not match the negative filter.
  bool MatchesTest(const std::string& test_suite_name,
                   const std::string& test_name) const {
    return MatchesName(test_suite_name + "." + test_name);
  }

  // Returns true if and only if name matches the positive filter and does not
  // match the negative filter.
  bool MatchesName(const std::string& name) const {
    return positive_filter_.MatchesName(name) &&
           !negative_filter_.MatchesName(name);
  }

 private:
  UnitTestFilter positive_filter_;
  UnitTestFilter negative_filter_;
};
}  // namespace

bool UnitTestOptions::MatchesFilter(const std::string& name_str,
                                    const char* filter) {
  return UnitTestFilter(filter).MatchesName(name_str);
}

// Returns true if and only if the user-specified filter matches the test
// suite name and the test name.
bool UnitTestOptions::FilterMatchesTest(const std::string& test_suite_name,
                                        const std::string& test_name) {
  // Split --gtest_filter at '-', if there is one, to separate into
  // positive filter and negative filter portions
  return PositiveAndNegativeUnitTestFilter(GTEST_FLAG_GET(filter))
      .MatchesTest(test_suite_name, test_name);
}

#if GTEST_HAS_SEH
// Returns EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER if Google Test should handle the
// given SEH exception, or EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH otherwise.
// This function is useful as an __except condition.
int UnitTestOptions::GTestShouldProcessSEH(DWORD exception_code) {
  // Google Test should handle a SEH exception if:
  //   1. the user wants it to, AND
  //   2. this is not a breakpoint exception, AND
  //   3. this is not a C++ exception (VC++ implements them via SEH,
  //      apparently).
  //
  // SEH exception code for C++ exceptions.
  // (see http://support.microsoft.com/kb/185294 for more information).
  const DWORD kCxxExceptionCode = 0xe06d7363;

  bool should_handle = true;

  if (!GTEST_FLAG_GET(catch_exceptions))
    should_handle = false;
  else if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT)
    should_handle = false;
  else if (exception_code == kCxxExceptionCode)
    should_handle = false;

  return should_handle ? EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER : EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_SEH

}  // namespace internal

// The c'tor sets this object as the test part result reporter used by
// Google Test.  The 'result' parameter specifies where to report the
// results. Intercepts only failures from the current thread.
ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter(
    TestPartResultArray* result)
    : intercept_mode_(INTERCEPT_ONLY_CURRENT_THREAD), result_(result) {
  Init();
}

// The c'tor sets this object as the test part result reporter used by
// Google Test.  The 'result' parameter specifies where to report the
// results.
ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter(
    InterceptMode intercept_mode, TestPartResultArray* result)
    : intercept_mode_(intercept_mode), result_(result) {
  Init();
}

void ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::Init() {
  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  if (intercept_mode_ == INTERCEPT_ALL_THREADS) {
    old_reporter_ = impl->GetGlobalTestPartResultReporter();
    impl->SetGlobalTestPartResultReporter(this);
  } else {
    old_reporter_ = impl->GetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread();
    impl->SetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread(this);
  }
}

// The d'tor restores the test part result reporter used by Google Test
// before.
ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::~ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter() {
  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  if (intercept_mode_ == INTERCEPT_ALL_THREADS) {
    impl->SetGlobalTestPartResultReporter(old_reporter_);
  } else {
    impl->SetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread(old_reporter_);
  }
}

// Increments the test part result count and remembers the result.
// This method is from the TestPartResultReporterInterface interface.
void ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter::ReportTestPartResult(
    const TestPartResult& result) {
  result_->Append(result);
}

namespace internal {

// Returns the type ID of ::testing::Test.  We should always call this
// instead of GetTypeId< ::testing::Test>() to get the type ID of
// testing::Test.  This is to work around a suspected linker bug when
// using Google Test as a framework on Mac OS X.  The bug causes
// GetTypeId< ::testing::Test>() to return different values depending
// on whether the call is from the Google Test framework itself or
// from user test code.  GetTestTypeId() is guaranteed to always
// return the same value, as it always calls GetTypeId<>() from the
// gtest.cc, which is within the Google Test framework.
TypeId GetTestTypeId() { return GetTypeId<Test>(); }

// The value of GetTestTypeId() as seen from within the Google Test
// library.  This is solely for testing GetTestTypeId().
extern const TypeId kTestTypeIdInGoogleTest = GetTestTypeId();

// This predicate-formatter checks that 'results' contains a test part
// failure of the given type and that the failure message contains the
// given substring.
static AssertionResult HasOneFailure(const char* /* results_expr */,
                                     const char* /* type_expr */,
                                     const char* /* substr_expr */,
                                     const TestPartResultArray& results,
                                     TestPartResult::Type type,
                                     const std::string& substr) {
  const std::string expected(type == TestPartResult::kFatalFailure
                                 ? "1 fatal failure"
                                 : "1 non-fatal failure");
  Message msg;
  if (results.size() != 1) {
    msg << "Expected: " << expected << "\n"
        << "  Actual: " << results.size() << " failures";
    for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
      msg << "\n" << results.GetTestPartResult(i);
    }
    return AssertionFailure() << msg;
  }

  const TestPartResult& r = results.GetTestPartResult(0);
  if (r.type() != type) {
    return AssertionFailure() << "Expected: " << expected << "\n"
                              << "  Actual:\n"
                              << r;
  }

  if (strstr(r.message(), substr.c_str()) == nullptr) {
    return AssertionFailure()
           << "Expected: " << expected << " containing \"" << substr << "\"\n"
           << "  Actual:\n"
           << r;
  }

  return AssertionSuccess();
}

// The constructor of SingleFailureChecker remembers where to look up
// test part results, what type of failure we expect, and what
// substring the failure message should contain.
SingleFailureChecker::SingleFailureChecker(const TestPartResultArray* results,
                                           TestPartResult::Type type,
                                           const std::string& substr)
    : results_(results), type_(type), substr_(substr) {}

// The destructor of SingleFailureChecker verifies that the given
// TestPartResultArray contains exactly one failure that has the given
// type and contains the given substring.  If that's not the case, a
// non-fatal failure will be generated.
SingleFailureChecker::~SingleFailureChecker() {
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT3(HasOneFailure, *results_, type_, substr_);
}

DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter::DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter(
    UnitTestImpl* unit_test)
    : unit_test_(unit_test) {}

void DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter::ReportTestPartResult(
    const TestPartResult& result) {
  unit_test_->current_test_result()->AddTestPartResult(result);
  unit_test_->listeners()->repeater()->OnTestPartResult(result);
}

DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter::DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter(
    UnitTestImpl* unit_test)
    : unit_test_(unit_test) {}

void DefaultPerThreadTestPartResultReporter::ReportTestPartResult(
    const TestPartResult& result) {
  unit_test_->GetGlobalTestPartResultReporter()->ReportTestPartResult(result);
}

// Returns the global test part result reporter.
TestPartResultReporterInterface*
UnitTestImpl::GetGlobalTestPartResultReporter() {
  internal::MutexLock lock(&global_test_part_result_reporter_mutex_);
  return global_test_part_result_repoter_;
}

// Sets the global test part result reporter.
void UnitTestImpl::SetGlobalTestPartResultReporter(
    TestPartResultReporterInterface* reporter) {
  internal::MutexLock lock(&global_test_part_result_reporter_mutex_);
  global_test_part_result_repoter_ = reporter;
}

// Returns the test part result reporter for the current thread.
TestPartResultReporterInterface*
UnitTestImpl::GetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread() {
  return per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_.get();
}

// Sets the test part result reporter for the current thread.
void UnitTestImpl::SetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread(
    TestPartResultReporterInterface* reporter) {
  per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_.set(reporter);
}

// Gets the number of successful test suites.
int UnitTestImpl::successful_test_suite_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_suites_, TestSuitePassed);
}

// Gets the number of failed test suites.
int UnitTestImpl::failed_test_suite_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_suites_, TestSuiteFailed);
}

// Gets the number of all test suites.
int UnitTestImpl::total_test_suite_count() const {
  return static_cast<int>(test_suites_.size());
}

// Gets the number of all test suites that contain at least one test
// that should run.
int UnitTestImpl::test_suite_to_run_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_suites_, ShouldRunTestSuite);
}

// Gets the number of successful tests.
int UnitTestImpl::successful_test_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_, &TestSuite::successful_test_count);
}

// Gets the number of skipped tests.
int UnitTestImpl::skipped_test_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_, &TestSuite::skipped_test_count);
}

// Gets the number of failed tests.
int UnitTestImpl::failed_test_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_, &TestSuite::failed_test_count);
}

// Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
int UnitTestImpl::reportable_disabled_test_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_,
                              &TestSuite::reportable_disabled_test_count);
}

// Gets the number of disabled tests.
int UnitTestImpl::disabled_test_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_, &TestSuite::disabled_test_count);
}

// Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
int UnitTestImpl::reportable_test_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_, &TestSuite::reportable_test_count);
}

// Gets the number of all tests.
int UnitTestImpl::total_test_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_, &TestSuite::total_test_count);
}

// Gets the number of tests that should run.
int UnitTestImpl::test_to_run_count() const {
  return SumOverTestSuiteList(test_suites_, &TestSuite::test_to_run_count);
}

// Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.
//
// The maximum number of stack frames to be included is specified by
// the gtest_stack_trace_depth flag.  The skip_count parameter
// specifies the number of top frames to be skipped, which doesn't
// count against the number of frames to be included.
//
// For example, if Foo() calls Bar(), which in turn calls
// CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(1), Foo() will be included in the
// trace but Bar() and CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop() won't.
std::string UnitTestImpl::CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(int skip_count) {
  return os_stack_trace_getter()->CurrentStackTrace(
      static_cast<int>(GTEST_FLAG_GET(stack_trace_depth)), skip_count + 1
      // Skips the user-specified number of frames plus this function
      // itself.
  );  // NOLINT
}

// A helper class for measuring elapsed times.
class Timer {
 public:
  Timer() : start_(std::chrono::steady_clock::now()) {}

  // Return time elapsed in milliseconds since the timer was created.
  TimeInMillis Elapsed() {
    return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
               std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_)
        .count();
  }

 private:
  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start_;
};

// Returns a timestamp as milliseconds since the epoch. Note this time may jump
// around subject to adjustments by the system, to measure elapsed time use
// Timer instead.
TimeInMillis GetTimeInMillis() {
  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
             std::chrono::system_clock::now() -
             std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(0))
      .count();
}

// Utilities

// class String.

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
// Creates a UTF-16 wide string from the given ANSI string, allocating
// memory using new. The caller is responsible for deleting the return
// value using delete[]. Returns the wide string, or NULL if the
// input is NULL.
LPCWSTR String::AnsiToUtf16(const char* ansi) {
  if (!ansi) return nullptr;
  const int length = strlen(ansi);
  const int unicode_length =
      MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ansi, length, nullptr, 0);
  WCHAR* unicode = new WCHAR[unicode_length + 1];
  MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ansi, length, unicode, unicode_length);
  unicode[unicode_length] = 0;
  return unicode;
}

// Creates an ANSI string from the given wide string, allocating
// memory using new. The caller is responsible for deleting the return
// value using delete[]. Returns the ANSI string, or NULL if the
// input is NULL.
const char* String::Utf16ToAnsi(LPCWSTR utf16_str) {
  if (!utf16_str) return nullptr;
  const int ansi_length = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, utf16_str, -1, nullptr,
                                              0, nullptr, nullptr);
  char* ansi = new char[ansi_length + 1];
  WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, utf16_str, -1, ansi, ansi_length, nullptr,
                      nullptr);
  ansi[ansi_length] = 0;
  return ansi;
}

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

// Compares two C strings.  Returns true if and only if they have the same
// content.
//
// Unlike strcmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A NULL
// C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
// including the empty string.
bool String::CStringEquals(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) {
  if (lhs == nullptr) return rhs == nullptr;

  if (rhs == nullptr) return false;

  return strcmp(lhs, rhs) == 0;
}

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

// Converts an array of wide chars to a narrow string using the UTF-8
// encoding, and streams the result to the given Message object.
static void StreamWideCharsToMessage(const wchar_t* wstr, size_t length,
                                     Message* msg) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i != length;) {  // NOLINT
    if (wstr[i] != L'\0') {
      *msg << WideStringToUtf8(wstr + i, static_cast<int>(length - i));
      while (i != length && wstr[i] != L'\0') i++;
    } else {
      *msg << '\0';
      i++;
    }
  }
}

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

void SplitString(const ::std::string& str, char delimiter,
                 ::std::vector< ::std::string>* dest) {
  ::std::vector< ::std::string> parsed;
  ::std::string::size_type pos = 0;
  while (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {
    const ::std::string::size_type colon = str.find(delimiter, pos);
    if (colon == ::std::string::npos) {
      parsed.push_back(str.substr(pos));
      break;
    } else {
      parsed.push_back(str.substr(pos, colon - pos));
      pos = colon + 1;
    }
  }
  dest->swap(parsed);
}

}  // namespace internal

// Constructs an empty Message.
// We allocate the stringstream separately because otherwise each use of
// ASSERT/EXPECT in a procedure adds over 200 bytes to the procedure's
// stack frame leading to huge stack frames in some cases; gcc does not reuse
// the stack space.
Message::Message() : ss_(new ::std::stringstream) {
  // By default, we want there to be enough precision when printing
  // a double to a Message.
  *ss_ << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<double>::digits10 + 2);
}

// These two overloads allow streaming a wide C string to a Message
// using the UTF-8 encoding.
Message& Message::operator<<(const wchar_t* wide_c_str) {
  return *this << internal::String::ShowWideCString(wide_c_str);
}
Message& Message::operator<<(wchar_t* wide_c_str) {
  return *this << internal::String::ShowWideCString(wide_c_str);
}

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
// Converts the given wide string to a narrow string using the UTF-8
// encoding, and streams the result to this Message object.
Message& Message::operator<<(const ::std::wstring& wstr) {
  internal::StreamWideCharsToMessage(wstr.c_str(), wstr.length(), this);
  return *this;
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

// Gets the text streamed to this object so far as an std::string.
// Each '\0' character in the buffer is replaced with "\\0".
std::string Message::GetString() const {
  return internal::StringStreamToString(ss_.get());
}

namespace internal {

namespace edit_distance {
std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(const std::vector<size_t>& left,
                                            const std::vector<size_t>& right) {
  std::vector<std::vector<double> > costs(
      left.size() + 1, std::vector<double>(right.size() + 1));
  std::vector<std::vector<EditType> > best_move(
      left.size() + 1, std::vector<EditType>(right.size() + 1));

  // Populate for empty right.
  for (size_t l_i = 0; l_i < costs.size(); ++l_i) {
    costs[l_i][0] = static_cast<double>(l_i);
    best_move[l_i][0] = kRemove;
  }
  // Populate for empty left.
  for (size_t r_i = 1; r_i < costs[0].size(); ++r_i) {
    costs[0][r_i] = static_cast<double>(r_i);
    best_move[0][r_i] = kAdd;
  }

  for (size_t l_i = 0; l_i < left.size(); ++l_i) {
    for (size_t r_i = 0; r_i < right.size(); ++r_i) {
      if (left[l_i] == right[r_i]) {
        // Found a match. Consume it.
        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = costs[l_i][r_i];
        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kMatch;
        continue;
      }

      const double add = costs[l_i + 1][r_i];
      const double remove = costs[l_i][r_i + 1];
      const double replace = costs[l_i][r_i];
      if (add < remove && add < replace) {
        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = add + 1;
        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kAdd;
      } else if (remove < add && remove < replace) {
        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = remove + 1;
        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kRemove;
      } else {
        // We make replace a little more expensive than add/remove to lower
        // their priority.
        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = replace + 1.00001;
        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kReplace;
      }
    }
  }

  // Reconstruct the best path. We do it in reverse order.
  std::vector<EditType> best_path;
  for (size_t l_i = left.size(), r_i = right.size(); l_i > 0 || r_i > 0;) {
    EditType move = best_move[l_i][r_i];
    best_path.push_back(move);
    l_i -= move != kAdd;
    r_i -= move != kRemove;
  }
  std::reverse(best_path.begin(), best_path.end());
  return best_path;
}

namespace {

// Helper class to convert string into ids with deduplication.
class InternalStrings {
 public:
  size_t GetId(const std::string& str) {
    IdMap::iterator it = ids_.find(str);
    if (it != ids_.end()) return it->second;
    size_t id = ids_.size();
    return ids_[str] = id;
  }

 private:
  typedef std::map<std::string, size_t> IdMap;
  IdMap ids_;
};

}  // namespace

std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
    const std::vector<std::string>& left,
    const std::vector<std::string>& right) {
  std::vector<size_t> left_ids, right_ids;
  {
    InternalStrings intern_table;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < left.size(); ++i) {
      left_ids.push_back(intern_table.GetId(left[i]));
    }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < right.size(); ++i) {
      right_ids.push_back(intern_table.GetId(right[i]));
    }
  }
  return CalculateOptimalEdits(left_ids, right_ids);
}

namespace {

// Helper class that holds the state for one hunk and prints it out to the
// stream.
// It reorders adds/removes when possible to group all removes before all
// adds. It also adds the hunk header before printint into the stream.
class Hunk {
 public:
  Hunk(size_t left_start, size_t right_start)
      : left_start_(left_start),
        right_start_(right_start),
        adds_(),
        removes_(),
        common_() {}

  void PushLine(char edit, const char* line) {
    switch (edit) {
      case ' ':
        ++common_;
        FlushEdits();
        hunk_.push_back(std::make_pair(' ', line));
        break;
      case '-':
        ++removes_;
        hunk_removes_.push_back(std::make_pair('-', line));
        break;
      case '+':
        ++adds_;
        hunk_adds_.push_back(std::make_pair('+', line));
        break;
    }
  }

  void PrintTo(std::ostream* os) {
    PrintHeader(os);
    FlushEdits();
    for (std::list<std::pair<char, const char*> >::const_iterator it =
             hunk_.begin();
         it != hunk_.end(); ++it) {
      *os << it->first << it->second << "\n";
    }
  }

  bool has_edits() const { return adds_ || removes_; }

 private:
  void FlushEdits() {
    hunk_.splice(hunk_.end(), hunk_removes_);
    hunk_.splice(hunk_.end(), hunk_adds_);
  }

  // Print a unified diff header for one hunk.
  // The format is
  //   "@@ -<left_start>,<left_length> +<right_start>,<right_length> @@"
  // where the left/right parts are omitted if unnecessary.
  void PrintHeader(std::ostream* ss) const {
    *ss << "@@ ";
    if (removes_) {
      *ss << "-" << left_start_ << "," << (removes_ + common_);
    }
    if (removes_ && adds_) {
      *ss << " ";
    }
    if (adds_) {
      *ss << "+" << right_start_ << "," << (adds_ + common_);
    }
    *ss << " @@\n";
  }

  size_t left_start_, right_start_;
  size_t adds_, removes_, common_;
  std::list<std::pair<char, const char*> > hunk_, hunk_adds_, hunk_removes_;
};

}  // namespace

// Create a list of diff hunks in Unified diff format.
// Each hunk has a header generated by PrintHeader above plus a body with
// lines prefixed with ' ' for no change, '-' for deletion and '+' for
// addition.
// 'context' represents the desired unchanged prefix/suffix around the diff.
// If two hunks are close enough that their contexts overlap, then they are
// joined into one hunk.
std::string CreateUnifiedDiff(const std::vector<std::string>& left,
                              const std::vector<std::string>& right,
                              size_t context) {
  const std::vector<EditType> edits = CalculateOptimalEdits(left, right);

  size_t l_i = 0, r_i = 0, edit_i = 0;
  std::stringstream ss;
  while (edit_i < edits.size()) {
    // Find first edit.
    while (edit_i < edits.size() && edits[edit_i] == kMatch) {
      ++l_i;
      ++r_i;
      ++edit_i;
    }

    // Find the first line to include in the hunk.
    const size_t prefix_context = std::min(l_i, context);
    Hunk hunk(l_i - prefix_context + 1, r_i - prefix_context + 1);
    for (size_t i = prefix_context; i > 0; --i) {
      hunk.PushLine(' ', left[l_i - i].c_str());
    }

    // Iterate the edits until we found enough suffix for the hunk or the input
    // is over.
    size_t n_suffix = 0;
    for (; edit_i < edits.size(); ++edit_i) {
      if (n_suffix >= context) {
        // Continue only if the next hunk is very close.
        auto it = edits.begin() + static_cast<int>(edit_i);
        while (it != edits.end() && *it == kMatch) ++it;
        if (it == edits.end() ||
            static_cast<size_t>(it - edits.begin()) - edit_i >= context) {
          // There is no next edit or it is too far away.
          break;
        }
      }

      EditType edit = edits[edit_i];
      // Reset count when a non match is found.
      n_suffix = edit == kMatch ? n_suffix + 1 : 0;

      if (edit == kMatch || edit == kRemove || edit == kReplace) {
        hunk.PushLine(edit == kMatch ? ' ' : '-', left[l_i].c_str());
      }
      if (edit == kAdd || edit == kReplace) {
        hunk.PushLine('+', right[r_i].c_str());
      }

      // Advance indices, depending on edit type.
      l_i += edit != kAdd;
      r_i += edit != kRemove;
    }

    if (!hunk.has_edits()) {
      // We are done. We don't want this hunk.
      break;
    }

    hunk.PrintTo(&ss);
  }
  return ss.str();
}

}  // namespace edit_distance

namespace {

// The string representation of the values received in EqFailure() are already
// escaped. Split them on escaped '\n' boundaries. Leave all other escaped
// characters the same.
std::vector<std::string> SplitEscapedString(const std::string& str) {
  std::vector<std::string> lines;
  size_t start = 0, end = str.size();
  if (end > 2 && str[0] == '"' && str[end - 1] == '"') {
    ++start;
    --end;
  }
  bool escaped = false;
  for (size_t i = start; i + 1 < end; ++i) {
    if (escaped) {
      escaped = false;
      if (str[i] == 'n') {
        lines.push_back(str.substr(start, i - start - 1));
        start = i + 1;
      }
    } else {
      escaped = str[i] == '\\';
    }
  }
  lines.push_back(str.substr(start, end - start));
  return lines;
}

}  // namespace

// Constructs and returns the message for an equality assertion
// (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_STREQ, etc) failure.
//
// The first four parameters are the expressions used in the assertion
// and their values, as strings.  For example, for ASSERT_EQ(foo, bar)
// where foo is 5 and bar is 6, we have:
//
//   lhs_expression: "foo"
//   rhs_expression: "bar"
//   lhs_value:      "5"
//   rhs_value:      "6"
//
// The ignoring_case parameter is true if and only if the assertion is a
// *_STRCASEEQ*.  When it's true, the string "Ignoring case" will
// be inserted into the message.
AssertionResult EqFailure(const char* lhs_expression,
                          const char* rhs_expression,
                          const std::string& lhs_value,
                          const std::string& rhs_value, bool ignoring_case) {
  Message msg;
  msg << "Expected equality of these values:";
  msg << "\n  " << lhs_expression;
  if (lhs_value != lhs_expression) {
    msg << "\n    Which is: " << lhs_value;
  }
  msg << "\n  " << rhs_expression;
  if (rhs_value != rhs_expression) {
    msg << "\n    Which is: " << rhs_value;
  }

  if (ignoring_case) {
    msg << "\nIgnoring case";
  }

  if (!lhs_value.empty() && !rhs_value.empty()) {
    const std::vector<std::string> lhs_lines = SplitEscapedString(lhs_value);
    const std::vector<std::string> rhs_lines = SplitEscapedString(rhs_value);
    if (lhs_lines.size() > 1 || rhs_lines.size() > 1) {
      msg << "\nWith diff:\n"
          << edit_distance::CreateUnifiedDiff(lhs_lines, rhs_lines);
    }
  }

  return AssertionFailure() << msg;
}

// Constructs a failure message for Boolean assertions such as EXPECT_TRUE.
std::string GetBoolAssertionFailureMessage(
    const AssertionResult& assertion_result, const char* expression_text,
    const char* actual_predicate_value, const char* expected_predicate_value) {
  const char* actual_message = assertion_result.message();
  Message msg;
  msg << "Value of: " << expression_text
      << "\n  Actual: " << actual_predicate_value;
  if (actual_message[0] != '\0') msg << " (" << actual_message << ")";
  msg << "\nExpected: " << expected_predicate_value;
  return msg.GetString();
}

// Helper function for implementing ASSERT_NEAR.
AssertionResult DoubleNearPredFormat(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                     const char* abs_error_expr, double val1,
                                     double val2, double abs_error) {
  const double diff = fabs(val1 - val2);
  if (diff <= abs_error) return AssertionSuccess();

  // Find the value which is closest to zero.
  const double min_abs = std::min(fabs(val1), fabs(val2));
  // Find the distance to the next double from that value.
  const double epsilon =
      nextafter(min_abs, std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()) - min_abs;
  // Detect the case where abs_error is so small that EXPECT_NEAR is
  // effectively the same as EXPECT_EQUAL, and give an informative error
  // message so that the situation can be more easily understood without
  // requiring exotic floating-point knowledge.
  // Don't do an epsilon check if abs_error is zero because that implies
  // that an equality check was actually intended.
  if (!(std::isnan)(val1) && !(std::isnan)(val2) && abs_error > 0 &&
      abs_error < epsilon) {
    return AssertionFailure()
           << "The difference between " << expr1 << " and " << expr2 << " is "
           << diff << ", where\n"
           << expr1 << " evaluates to " << val1 << ",\n"
           << expr2 << " evaluates to " << val2 << ".\nThe abs_error parameter "
           << abs_error_expr << " evaluates to " << abs_error
           << " which is smaller than the minimum distance between doubles for "
              "numbers of this magnitude which is "
           << epsilon
           << ", thus making this EXPECT_NEAR check equivalent to "
              "EXPECT_EQUAL. Consider using EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ instead.";
  }
  return AssertionFailure()
         << "The difference between " << expr1 << " and " << expr2 << " is "
         << diff << ", which exceeds " << abs_error_expr << ", where\n"
         << expr1 << " evaluates to " << val1 << ",\n"
         << expr2 << " evaluates to " << val2 << ", and\n"
         << abs_error_expr << " evaluates to " << abs_error << ".";
}

// Helper template for implementing FloatLE() and DoubleLE().
template <typename RawType>
AssertionResult FloatingPointLE(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                RawType val1, RawType val2) {
  // Returns success if val1 is less than val2,
  if (val1 < val2) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  // or if val1 is almost equal to val2.
  const FloatingPoint<RawType> lhs(val1), rhs(val2);
  if (lhs.AlmostEquals(rhs)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  // Note that the above two checks will both fail if either val1 or
  // val2 is NaN, as the IEEE floating-point standard requires that
  // any predicate involving a NaN must return false.

  ::std::stringstream val1_ss;
  val1_ss << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits10 + 2)
          << val1;

  ::std::stringstream val2_ss;
  val2_ss << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits10 + 2)
          << val2;

  return AssertionFailure()
         << "Expected: (" << expr1 << ") <= (" << expr2 << ")\n"
         << "  Actual: " << StringStreamToString(&val1_ss) << " vs "
         << StringStreamToString(&val2_ss);
}

}  // namespace internal

// Asserts that val1 is less than, or almost equal to, val2.  Fails
// otherwise.  In particular, it fails if either val1 or val2 is NaN.
AssertionResult FloatLE(const char* expr1, const char* expr2, float val1,
                        float val2) {
  return internal::FloatingPointLE<float>(expr1, expr2, val1, val2);
}

// Asserts that val1 is less than, or almost equal to, val2.  Fails
// otherwise.  In particular, it fails if either val1 or val2 is NaN.
AssertionResult DoubleLE(const char* expr1, const char* expr2, double val1,
                         double val2) {
  return internal::FloatingPointLE<double>(expr1, expr2, val1, val2);
}

namespace internal {

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STREQ.
AssertionResult CmpHelperSTREQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                               const char* rhs_expression, const char* lhs,
                               const char* rhs) {
  if (String::CStringEquals(lhs, rhs)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  return EqFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, PrintToString(lhs),
                   PrintToString(rhs), false);
}

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASEEQ.
AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRCASEEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                                   const char* rhs_expression, const char* lhs,
                                   const char* rhs) {
  if (String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(lhs, rhs)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  return EqFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, PrintToString(lhs),
                   PrintToString(rhs), true);
}

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRNE.
AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRNE(const char* s1_expression,
                               const char* s2_expression, const char* s1,
                               const char* s2) {
  if (!String::CStringEquals(s1, s2)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  } else {
    return AssertionFailure()
           << "Expected: (" << s1_expression << ") != (" << s2_expression
           << "), actual: \"" << s1 << "\" vs \"" << s2 << "\"";
  }
}

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASENE.
AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRCASENE(const char* s1_expression,
                                   const char* s2_expression, const char* s1,
                                   const char* s2) {
  if (!String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(s1, s2)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  } else {
    return AssertionFailure()
           << "Expected: (" << s1_expression << ") != (" << s2_expression
           << ") (ignoring case), actual: \"" << s1 << "\" vs \"" << s2 << "\"";
  }
}

}  // namespace internal

namespace {

// Helper functions for implementing IsSubString() and IsNotSubstring().

// This group of overloaded functions return true if and only if needle
// is a substring of haystack.  NULL is considered a substring of
// itself only.

bool IsSubstringPred(const char* needle, const char* haystack) {
  if (needle == nullptr || haystack == nullptr) return needle == haystack;

  return strstr(haystack, needle) != nullptr;
}

bool IsSubstringPred(const wchar_t* needle, const wchar_t* haystack) {
  if (needle == nullptr || haystack == nullptr) return needle == haystack;

  return wcsstr(haystack, needle) != nullptr;
}

// StringType here can be either ::std::string or ::std::wstring.
template <typename StringType>
bool IsSubstringPred(const StringType& needle, const StringType& haystack) {
  return haystack.find(needle) != StringType::npos;
}

// This function implements either IsSubstring() or IsNotSubstring(),
// depending on the value of the expected_to_be_substring parameter.
// StringType here can be const char*, const wchar_t*, ::std::string,
// or ::std::wstring.
template <typename StringType>
AssertionResult IsSubstringImpl(bool expected_to_be_substring,
                                const char* needle_expr,
                                const char* haystack_expr,
                                const StringType& needle,
                                const StringType& haystack) {
  if (IsSubstringPred(needle, haystack) == expected_to_be_substring)
    return AssertionSuccess();

  const bool is_wide_string = sizeof(needle[0]) > 1;
  const char* const begin_string_quote = is_wide_string ? "L\"" : "\"";
  return AssertionFailure()
         << "Value of: " << needle_expr << "\n"
         << "  Actual: " << begin_string_quote << needle << "\"\n"
         << "Expected: " << (expected_to_be_substring ? "" : "not ")
         << "a substring of " << haystack_expr << "\n"
         << "Which is: " << begin_string_quote << haystack << "\"";
}

}  // namespace

// IsSubstring() and IsNotSubstring() check whether needle is a
// substring of haystack (NULL is considered a substring of itself
// only), and return an appropriate error message when they fail.

AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr, const char* haystack_expr,
                            const char* needle, const char* haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(true, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}

AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr, const char* haystack_expr,
                            const wchar_t* needle, const wchar_t* haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(true, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}

AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                               const char* haystack_expr, const char* needle,
                               const char* haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(false, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}

AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                               const char* haystack_expr, const wchar_t* needle,
                               const wchar_t* haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(false, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}

AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr, const char* haystack_expr,
                            const ::std::string& needle,
                            const ::std::string& haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(true, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}

AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                               const char* haystack_expr,
                               const ::std::string& needle,
                               const ::std::string& haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(false, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr, const char* haystack_expr,
                            const ::std::wstring& needle,
                            const ::std::wstring& haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(true, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}

AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                               const char* haystack_expr,
                               const ::std::wstring& needle,
                               const ::std::wstring& haystack) {
  return IsSubstringImpl(false, needle_expr, haystack_expr, needle, haystack);
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

namespace internal {

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

namespace {

// Helper function for IsHRESULT{SuccessFailure} predicates
AssertionResult HRESULTFailureHelper(const char* expr, const char* expected,
                                     long hr) {  // NOLINT
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_TV_TITLE

  // Windows CE doesn't support FormatMessage.
  const char error_text[] = "";

#else

  // Looks up the human-readable system message for the HRESULT code
  // and since we're not passing any params to FormatMessage, we don't
  // want inserts expanded.
  const DWORD kFlags =
      FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS;
  const DWORD kBufSize = 4096;
  // Gets the system's human readable message string for this HRESULT.
  char error_text[kBufSize] = {'\0'};
  DWORD message_length = ::FormatMessageA(kFlags,
                                          0,  // no source, we're asking system
                                          static_cast<DWORD>(hr),  // the error
                                          0,  // no line width restrictions
                                          error_text,  // output buffer
                                          kBufSize,    // buf size
                                          nullptr);  // no arguments for inserts
  // Trims tailing white space (FormatMessage leaves a trailing CR-LF)
  for (; message_length && IsSpace(error_text[message_length - 1]);
       --message_length) {
    error_text[message_length - 1] = '\0';
  }

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

  const std::string error_hex("0x" + String::FormatHexInt(hr));
  return ::testing::AssertionFailure()
         << "Expected: " << expr << " " << expected << ".\n"
         << "  Actual: " << error_hex << " " << error_text << "\n";
}

}  // namespace

AssertionResult IsHRESULTSuccess(const char* expr, long hr) {  // NOLINT
  if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }
  return HRESULTFailureHelper(expr, "succeeds", hr);
}

AssertionResult IsHRESULTFailure(const char* expr, long hr) {  // NOLINT
  if (FAILED(hr)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }
  return HRESULTFailureHelper(expr, "fails", hr);
}

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Utility functions for encoding Unicode text (wide strings) in
// UTF-8.

// A Unicode code-point can have up to 21 bits, and is encoded in UTF-8
// like this:
//
// Code-point length   Encoding
//   0 -  7 bits       0xxxxxxx
//   8 - 11 bits       110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
//  12 - 16 bits       1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
//  17 - 21 bits       11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx

// The maximum code-point a one-byte UTF-8 sequence can represent.
constexpr uint32_t kMaxCodePoint1 = (static_cast<uint32_t>(1) << 7) - 1;

// The maximum code-point a two-byte UTF-8 sequence can represent.
constexpr uint32_t kMaxCodePoint2 = (static_cast<uint32_t>(1) << (5 + 6)) - 1;

// The maximum code-point a three-byte UTF-8 sequence can represent.
constexpr uint32_t kMaxCodePoint3 =
    (static_cast<uint32_t>(1) << (4 + 2 * 6)) - 1;

// The maximum code-point a four-byte UTF-8 sequence can represent.
constexpr uint32_t kMaxCodePoint4 =
    (static_cast<uint32_t>(1) << (3 + 3 * 6)) - 1;

// Chops off the n lowest bits from a bit pattern.  Returns the n
// lowest bits.  As a side effect, the original bit pattern will be
// shifted to the right by n bits.
inline uint32_t ChopLowBits(uint32_t* bits, int n) {
  const uint32_t low_bits = *bits & ((static_cast<uint32_t>(1) << n) - 1);
  *bits >>= n;
  return low_bits;
}

// Converts a Unicode code point to a narrow string in UTF-8 encoding.
// code_point parameter is of type uint32_t because wchar_t may not be
// wide enough to contain a code point.
// If the code_point is not a valid Unicode code point
// (i.e. outside of Unicode range U+0 to U+10FFFF) it will be converted
// to "(Invalid Unicode 0xXXXXXXXX)".
std::string CodePointToUtf8(uint32_t code_point) {
  if (code_point > kMaxCodePoint4) {
    return "(Invalid Unicode 0x" + String::FormatHexUInt32(code_point) + ")";
  }

  char str[5];  // Big enough for the largest valid code point.
  if (code_point <= kMaxCodePoint1) {
    str[1] = '\0';
    str[0] = static_cast<char>(code_point);  // 0xxxxxxx
  } else if (code_point <= kMaxCodePoint2) {
    str[2] = '\0';
    str[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ChopLowBits(&code_point, 6));  // 10xxxxxx
    str[0] = static_cast<char>(0xC0 | code_point);                   // 110xxxxx
  } else if (code_point <= kMaxCodePoint3) {
    str[3] = '\0';
    str[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ChopLowBits(&code_point, 6));  // 10xxxxxx
    str[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ChopLowBits(&code_point, 6));  // 10xxxxxx
    str[0] = static_cast<char>(0xE0 | code_point);                   // 1110xxxx
  } else {  // code_point <= kMaxCodePoint4
    str[4] = '\0';
    str[3] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ChopLowBits(&code_point, 6));  // 10xxxxxx
    str[2] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ChopLowBits(&code_point, 6));  // 10xxxxxx
    str[1] = static_cast<char>(0x80 | ChopLowBits(&code_point, 6));  // 10xxxxxx
    str[0] = static_cast<char>(0xF0 | code_point);                   // 11110xxx
  }
  return str;
}

// The following two functions only make sense if the system
// uses UTF-16 for wide string encoding. All supported systems
// with 16 bit wchar_t (Windows, Cygwin) do use UTF-16.

// Determines if the arguments constitute UTF-16 surrogate pair
// and thus should be combined into a single Unicode code point
// using CreateCodePointFromUtf16SurrogatePair.
inline bool IsUtf16SurrogatePair(wchar_t first, wchar_t second) {
  return sizeof(wchar_t) == 2 && (first & 0xFC00) == 0xD800 &&
         (second & 0xFC00) == 0xDC00;
}

// Creates a Unicode code point from UTF16 surrogate pair.
inline uint32_t CreateCodePointFromUtf16SurrogatePair(wchar_t first,
                                                      wchar_t second) {
  const auto first_u = static_cast<uint32_t>(first);
  const auto second_u = static_cast<uint32_t>(second);
  const uint32_t mask = (1 << 10) - 1;
  return (sizeof(wchar_t) == 2)
             ? (((first_u & mask) << 10) | (second_u & mask)) + 0x10000
             :
             // This function should not be called when the condition is
             // false, but we provide a sensible default in case it is.
             first_u;
}

// Converts a wide string to a narrow string in UTF-8 encoding.
// The wide string is assumed to have the following encoding:
//   UTF-16 if sizeof(wchar_t) == 2 (on Windows, Cygwin)
//   UTF-32 if sizeof(wchar_t) == 4 (on Linux)
// Parameter str points to a null-terminated wide string.
// Parameter num_chars may additionally limit the number
// of wchar_t characters processed. -1 is used when the entire string
// should be processed.
// If the string contains code points that are not valid Unicode code points
// (i.e. outside of Unicode range U+0 to U+10FFFF) they will be output
// as '(Invalid Unicode 0xXXXXXXXX)'. If the string is in UTF16 encoding
// and contains invalid UTF-16 surrogate pairs, values in those pairs
// will be encoded as individual Unicode characters from Basic Normal Plane.
std::string WideStringToUtf8(const wchar_t* str, int num_chars) {
  if (num_chars == -1) num_chars = static_cast<int>(wcslen(str));

  ::std::stringstream stream;
  for (int i = 0; i < num_chars; ++i) {
    uint32_t unicode_code_point;

    if (str[i] == L'\0') {
      break;
    } else if (i + 1 < num_chars && IsUtf16SurrogatePair(str[i], str[i + 1])) {
      unicode_code_point =
          CreateCodePointFromUtf16SurrogatePair(str[i], str[i + 1]);
      i++;
    } else {
      unicode_code_point = static_cast<uint32_t>(str[i]);
    }

    stream << CodePointToUtf8(unicode_code_point);
  }
  return StringStreamToString(&stream);
}

// Converts a wide C string to an std::string using the UTF-8 encoding.
// NULL will be converted to "(null)".
std::string String::ShowWideCString(const wchar_t* wide_c_str) {
  if (wide_c_str == nullptr) return "(null)";

  return internal::WideStringToUtf8(wide_c_str, -1);
}

// Compares two wide C strings.  Returns true if and only if they have the
// same content.
//
// Unlike wcscmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A NULL
// C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
// including the empty string.
bool String::WideCStringEquals(const wchar_t* lhs, const wchar_t* rhs) {
  if (lhs == nullptr) return rhs == nullptr;

  if (rhs == nullptr) return false;

  return wcscmp(lhs, rhs) == 0;
}

// Helper function for *_STREQ on wide strings.
AssertionResult CmpHelperSTREQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                               const char* rhs_expression, const wchar_t* lhs,
                               const wchar_t* rhs) {
  if (String::WideCStringEquals(lhs, rhs)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  return EqFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, PrintToString(lhs),
                   PrintToString(rhs), false);
}

// Helper function for *_STRNE on wide strings.
AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRNE(const char* s1_expression,
                               const char* s2_expression, const wchar_t* s1,
                               const wchar_t* s2) {
  if (!String::WideCStringEquals(s1, s2)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  return AssertionFailure()
         << "Expected: (" << s1_expression << ") != (" << s2_expression
         << "), actual: " << PrintToString(s1) << " vs " << PrintToString(s2);
}

// Compares two C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if and only if they have
// the same content.
//
// Unlike strcasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A
// NULL C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
// including the empty string.
bool String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) {
  if (lhs == nullptr) return rhs == nullptr;
  if (rhs == nullptr) return false;
  return posix::StrCaseCmp(lhs, rhs) == 0;
}

// Compares two wide C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if and only if they
// have the same content.
//
// Unlike wcscasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).
// A NULL C string is considered different to any non-NULL wide C string,
// including the empty string.
// NB: The implementations on different platforms slightly differ.
// On windows, this method uses _wcsicmp which compares according to LC_CTYPE
// environment variable. On GNU platform this method uses wcscasecmp
// which compares according to LC_CTYPE category of the current locale.
// On MacOS X, it uses towlower, which also uses LC_CTYPE category of the
// current locale.
bool String::CaseInsensitiveWideCStringEquals(const wchar_t* lhs,
                                              const wchar_t* rhs) {
  if (lhs == nullptr) return rhs == nullptr;

  if (rhs == nullptr) return false;

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  return _wcsicmp(lhs, rhs) == 0;
#elif GTEST_OS_LINUX && !GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
  return wcscasecmp(lhs, rhs) == 0;
#else
  // Android, Mac OS X and Cygwin don't define wcscasecmp.
  // Other unknown OSes may not define it either.
  wint_t left, right;
  do {
    left = towlower(static_cast<wint_t>(*lhs++));
    right = towlower(static_cast<wint_t>(*rhs++));
  } while (left && left == right);
  return left == right;
#endif  // OS selector
}

// Returns true if and only if str ends with the given suffix, ignoring case.
// Any string is considered to end with an empty suffix.
bool String::EndsWithCaseInsensitive(const std::string& str,
                                     const std::string& suffix) {
  const size_t str_len = str.length();
  const size_t suffix_len = suffix.length();
  return (str_len >= suffix_len) &&
         CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(str.c_str() + str_len - suffix_len,
                                      suffix.c_str());
}

// Formats an int value as "%02d".
std::string String::FormatIntWidth2(int value) {
  return FormatIntWidthN(value, 2);
}

// Formats an int value to given width with leading zeros.
std::string String::FormatIntWidthN(int value, int width) {
  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(width) << value;
  return ss.str();
}

// Formats an int value as "%X".
std::string String::FormatHexUInt32(uint32_t value) {
  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << std::hex << std::uppercase << value;
  return ss.str();
}

// Formats an int value as "%X".
std::string String::FormatHexInt(int value) {
  return FormatHexUInt32(static_cast<uint32_t>(value));
}

// Formats a byte as "%02X".
std::string String::FormatByte(unsigned char value) {
  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << std::hex << std::uppercase
     << static_cast<unsigned int>(value);
  return ss.str();
}

// Converts the buffer in a stringstream to an std::string, converting NUL
// bytes to "\\0" along the way.
std::string StringStreamToString(::std::stringstream* ss) {
  const ::std::string& str = ss->str();
  const char* const start = str.c_str();
  const char* const end = start + str.length();

  std::string result;
  result.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(2 * (end - start)));
  for (const char* ch = start; ch != end; ++ch) {
    if (*ch == '\0') {
      result += "\\0";  // Replaces NUL with "\\0";
    } else {
      result += *ch;
    }
  }

  return result;
}

// Appends the user-supplied message to the Google-Test-generated message.
std::string AppendUserMessage(const std::string& gtest_msg,
                              const Message& user_msg) {
  // Appends the user message if it's non-empty.
  const std::string user_msg_string = user_msg.GetString();
  if (user_msg_string.empty()) {
    return gtest_msg;
  }
  if (gtest_msg.empty()) {
    return user_msg_string;
  }
  return gtest_msg + "\n" + user_msg_string;
}

}  // namespace internal

// class TestResult

// Creates an empty TestResult.
TestResult::TestResult()
    : death_test_count_(0), start_timestamp_(0), elapsed_time_(0) {}

// D'tor.
TestResult::~TestResult() {}

// Returns the i-th test part result among all the results. i can
// range from 0 to total_part_count() - 1. If i is not in that range,
// aborts the program.
const TestPartResult& TestResult::GetTestPartResult(int i) const {
  if (i < 0 || i >= total_part_count()) internal::posix::Abort();
  return test_part_results_.at(static_cast<size_t>(i));
}

// Returns the i-th test property. i can range from 0 to
// test_property_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, aborts the
// program.
const TestProperty& TestResult::GetTestProperty(int i) const {
  if (i < 0 || i >= test_property_count()) internal::posix::Abort();
  return test_properties_.at(static_cast<size_t>(i));
}

// Clears the test part results.
void TestResult::ClearTestPartResults() { test_part_results_.clear(); }

// Adds a test part result to the list.
void TestResult::AddTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result) {
  test_part_results_.push_back(test_part_result);
}

// Adds a test property to the list. If a property with the same key as the
// supplied property is already represented, the value of this test_property
// replaces the old value for that key.
void TestResult::RecordProperty(const std::string& xml_element,
                                const TestProperty& test_property) {
  if (!ValidateTestProperty(xml_element, test_property)) {
    return;
  }
  internal::MutexLock lock(&test_properties_mutex_);
  const std::vector<TestProperty>::iterator property_with_matching_key =
      std::find_if(test_properties_.begin(), test_properties_.end(),
                   internal::TestPropertyKeyIs(test_property.key()));
  if (property_with_matching_key == test_properties_.end()) {
    test_properties_.push_back(test_property);
    return;
  }
  property_with_matching_key->SetValue(test_property.value());
}

// The list of reserved attributes used in the <testsuites> element of XML
// output.
static const char* const kReservedTestSuitesAttributes[] = {
    "disabled",    "errors", "failures", "name",
    "random_seed", "tests",  "time",     "timestamp"};

// The list of reserved attributes used in the <testsuite> element of XML
// output.
static const char* const kReservedTestSuiteAttributes[] = {
    "disabled", "errors", "failures",  "name",
    "tests",    "time",   "timestamp", "skipped"};

// The list of reserved attributes used in the <testcase> element of XML output.
static const char* const kReservedTestCaseAttributes[] = {
    "classname",  "name",        "status", "time",
    "type_param", "value_param", "file",   "line"};

// Use a slightly different set for allowed output to ensure existing tests can
// still RecordProperty("result") or "RecordProperty(timestamp")
static const char* const kReservedOutputTestCaseAttributes[] = {
    "classname",   "name", "status", "time",   "type_param",
    "value_param", "file", "line",   "result", "timestamp"};

template <size_t kSize>
std::vector<std::string> ArrayAsVector(const char* const (&array)[kSize]) {
  return std::vector<std::string>(array, array + kSize);
}

static std::vector<std::string> GetReservedAttributesForElement(
    const std::string& xml_element) {
  if (xml_element == "testsuites") {
    return ArrayAsVector(kReservedTestSuitesAttributes);
  } else if (xml_element == "testsuite") {
    return ArrayAsVector(kReservedTestSuiteAttributes);
  } else if (xml_element == "testcase") {
    return ArrayAsVector(kReservedTestCaseAttributes);
  } else {
    GTEST_CHECK_(false) << "Unrecognized xml_element provided: " << xml_element;
  }
  // This code is unreachable but some compilers may not realizes that.
  return std::vector<std::string>();
}

// TODO(jdesprez): Merge the two getReserved attributes once skip is improved
static std::vector<std::string> GetReservedOutputAttributesForElement(
    const std::string& xml_element) {
  if (xml_element == "testsuites") {
    return ArrayAsVector(kReservedTestSuitesAttributes);
  } else if (xml_element == "testsuite") {
    return ArrayAsVector(kReservedTestSuiteAttributes);
  } else if (xml_element == "testcase") {
    return ArrayAsVector(kReservedOutputTestCaseAttributes);
  } else {
    GTEST_CHECK_(false) << "Unrecognized xml_element provided: " << xml_element;
  }
  // This code is unreachable but some compilers may not realizes that.
  return std::vector<std::string>();
}

static std::string FormatWordList(const std::vector<std::string>& words) {
  Message word_list;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < words.size(); ++i) {
    if (i > 0 && words.size() > 2) {
      word_list << ", ";
    }
    if (i == words.size() - 1) {
      word_list << "and ";
    }
    word_list << "'" << words[i] << "'";
  }
  return word_list.GetString();
}

static bool ValidateTestPropertyName(
    const std::string& property_name,
    const std::vector<std::string>& reserved_names) {
  if (std::find(reserved_names.begin(), reserved_names.end(), property_name) !=
      reserved_names.end()) {
    ADD_FAILURE() << "Reserved key used in RecordProperty(): " << property_name
                  << " (" << FormatWordList(reserved_names)
                  << " are reserved by " << GTEST_NAME_ << ")";
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

// Adds a failure if the key is a reserved attribute of the element named
// xml_element.  Returns true if the property is valid.
bool TestResult::ValidateTestProperty(const std::string& xml_element,
                                      const TestProperty& test_property) {
  return ValidateTestPropertyName(test_property.key(),
                                  GetReservedAttributesForElement(xml_element));
}

// Clears the object.
void TestResult::Clear() {
  test_part_results_.clear();
  test_properties_.clear();
  death_test_count_ = 0;
  elapsed_time_ = 0;
}

// Returns true off the test part was skipped.
static bool TestPartSkipped(const TestPartResult& result) {
  return result.skipped();
}

// Returns true if and only if the test was skipped.
bool TestResult::Skipped() const {
  return !Failed() && CountIf(test_part_results_, TestPartSkipped) > 0;
}

// Returns true if and only if the test failed.
bool TestResult::Failed() const {
  for (int i = 0; i < total_part_count(); ++i) {
    if (GetTestPartResult(i).failed()) return true;
  }
  return false;
}

// Returns true if and only if the test part fatally failed.
static bool TestPartFatallyFailed(const TestPartResult& result) {
  return result.fatally_failed();
}

// Returns true if and only if the test fatally failed.
bool TestResult::HasFatalFailure() const {
  return CountIf(test_part_results_, TestPartFatallyFailed) > 0;
}

// Returns true if and only if the test part non-fatally failed.
static bool TestPartNonfatallyFailed(const TestPartResult& result) {
  return result.nonfatally_failed();
}

// Returns true if and only if the test has a non-fatal failure.
bool TestResult::HasNonfatalFailure() const {
  return CountIf(test_part_results_, TestPartNonfatallyFailed) > 0;
}

// Gets the number of all test parts.  This is the sum of the number
// of successful test parts and the number of failed test parts.
int TestResult::total_part_count() const {
  return static_cast<int>(test_part_results_.size());
}

// Returns the number of the test properties.
int TestResult::test_property_count() const {
  return static_cast<int>(test_properties_.size());
}

// class Test

// Creates a Test object.

// The c'tor saves the states of all flags.
Test::Test() : gtest_flag_saver_(new GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_) {}

// The d'tor restores the states of all flags.  The actual work is
// done by the d'tor of the gtest_flag_saver_ field, and thus not
// visible here.
Test::~Test() {}

// Sets up the test fixture.
//
// A sub-class may override this.
void Test::SetUp() {}

// Tears down the test fixture.
//
// A sub-class may override this.
void Test::TearDown() {}

// Allows user supplied key value pairs to be recorded for later output.
void Test::RecordProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value) {
  UnitTest::GetInstance()->RecordProperty(key, value);
}

// Allows user supplied key value pairs to be recorded for later output.
void Test::RecordProperty(const std::string& key, int value) {
  Message value_message;
  value_message << value;
  RecordProperty(key, value_message.GetString().c_str());
}

namespace internal {

void ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(TestPartResult::Type result_type,
                                    const std::string& message) {
  // This function is a friend of UnitTest and as such has access to
  // AddTestPartResult.
  UnitTest::GetInstance()->AddTestPartResult(
      result_type,
      nullptr,  // No info about the source file where the exception occurred.
      -1,       // We have no info on which line caused the exception.
      message,
      "");  // No stack trace, either.
}

}  // namespace internal

// Google Test requires all tests in the same test suite to use the same test
// fixture class.  This function checks if the current test has the
// same fixture class as the first test in the current test suite.  If
// yes, it returns true; otherwise it generates a Google Test failure and
// returns false.
bool Test::HasSameFixtureClass() {
  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  const TestSuite* const test_suite = impl->current_test_suite();

  // Info about the first test in the current test suite.
  const TestInfo* const first_test_info = test_suite->test_info_list()[0];
  const internal::TypeId first_fixture_id = first_test_info->fixture_class_id_;
  const char* const first_test_name = first_test_info->name();

  // Info about the current test.
  const TestInfo* const this_test_info = impl->current_test_info();
  const internal::TypeId this_fixture_id = this_test_info->fixture_class_id_;
  const char* const this_test_name = this_test_info->name();

  if (this_fixture_id != first_fixture_id) {
    // Is the first test defined using TEST?
    const bool first_is_TEST = first_fixture_id == internal::GetTestTypeId();
    // Is this test defined using TEST?
    const bool this_is_TEST = this_fixture_id == internal::GetTestTypeId();

    if (first_is_TEST || this_is_TEST) {
      // Both TEST and TEST_F appear in same test suite, which is incorrect.
      // Tell the user how to fix this.

      // Gets the name of the TEST and the name of the TEST_F.  Note
      // that first_is_TEST and this_is_TEST cannot both be true, as
      // the fixture IDs are different for the two tests.
      const char* const TEST_name =
          first_is_TEST ? first_test_name : this_test_name;
      const char* const TEST_F_name =
          first_is_TEST ? this_test_name : first_test_name;

      ADD_FAILURE()
          << "All tests in the same test suite must use the same test fixture\n"
          << "class, so mixing TEST_F and TEST in the same test suite is\n"
          << "illegal.  In test suite " << this_test_info->test_suite_name()
          << ",\n"
          << "test " << TEST_F_name << " is defined using TEST_F but\n"
          << "test " << TEST_name << " is defined using TEST.  You probably\n"
          << "want to change the TEST to TEST_F or move it to another test\n"
          << "case.";
    } else {
      // Two fixture classes with the same name appear in two different
      // namespaces, which is not allowed. Tell the user how to fix this.
      ADD_FAILURE()
          << "All tests in the same test suite must use the same test fixture\n"
          << "class.  However, in test suite "
          << this_test_info->test_suite_name() << ",\n"
          << "you defined test " << first_test_name << " and test "
          << this_test_name << "\n"
          << "using two different test fixture classes.  This can happen if\n"
          << "the two classes are from different namespaces or translation\n"
          << "units and have the same name.  You should probably rename one\n"
          << "of the classes to put the tests into different test suites.";
    }
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

#if GTEST_HAS_SEH

// Adds an "exception thrown" fatal failure to the current test.  This
// function returns its result via an output parameter pointer because VC++
// prohibits creation of objects with destructors on stack in functions
// using __try (see error C2712).
static std::string* FormatSehExceptionMessage(DWORD exception_code,
                                              const char* location) {
  Message message;
  message << "SEH exception with code 0x" << std::setbase(16) << exception_code
          << std::setbase(10) << " thrown in " << location << ".";

  return new std::string(message.GetString());
}

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_SEH

namespace internal {

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

// Adds an "exception thrown" fatal failure to the current test.
static std::string FormatCxxExceptionMessage(const char* description,
                                             const char* location) {
  Message message;
  if (description != nullptr) {
    message << "C++ exception with description \"" << description << "\"";
  } else {
    message << "Unknown C++ exception";
  }
  message << " thrown in " << location << ".";

  return message.GetString();
}

static std::string PrintTestPartResultToString(
    const TestPartResult& test_part_result);

GoogleTestFailureException::GoogleTestFailureException(
    const TestPartResult& failure)
    : ::std::runtime_error(PrintTestPartResultToString(failure).c_str()) {}

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

// We put these helper functions in the internal namespace as IBM's xlC
// compiler rejects the code if they were declared static.

// Runs the given method and handles SEH exceptions it throws, when
// SEH is supported; returns the 0-value for type Result in case of an
// SEH exception.  (Microsoft compilers cannot handle SEH and C++
// exceptions in the same function.  Therefore, we provide a separate
// wrapper function for handling SEH exceptions.)
template <class T, typename Result>
Result HandleSehExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(T* object, Result (T::*method)(),
                                              const char* location) {
#if GTEST_HAS_SEH
  __try {
    return (object->*method)();
  } __except (internal::UnitTestOptions::GTestShouldProcessSEH(  // NOLINT
      GetExceptionCode())) {
    // We create the exception message on the heap because VC++ prohibits
    // creation of objects with destructors on stack in functions using __try
    // (see error C2712).
    std::string* exception_message =
        FormatSehExceptionMessage(GetExceptionCode(), location);
    internal::ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(TestPartResult::kFatalFailure,
                                             *exception_message);
    delete exception_message;
    return static_cast<Result>(0);
  }
#else
  (void)location;
  return (object->*method)();
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_SEH
}

// Runs the given method and catches and reports C++ and/or SEH-style
// exceptions, if they are supported; returns the 0-value for type
// Result in case of an SEH exception.
template <class T, typename Result>
Result HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(T* object, Result (T::*method)(),
                                           const char* location) {
  // NOTE: The user code can affect the way in which Google Test handles
  // exceptions by setting GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions), but only before
  // RUN_ALL_TESTS() starts. It is technically possible to check the flag
  // after the exception is caught and either report or re-throw the
  // exception based on the flag's value:
  //
  // try {
  //   // Perform the test method.
  // } catch (...) {
  //   if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(catch_exceptions))
  //     // Report the exception as failure.
  //   else
  //     throw;  // Re-throws the original exception.
  // }
  //
  // However, the purpose of this flag is to allow the program to drop into
  // the debugger when the exception is thrown. On most platforms, once the
  // control enters the catch block, the exception origin information is
  // lost and the debugger will stop the program at the point of the
  // re-throw in this function -- instead of at the point of the original
  // throw statement in the code under test.  For this reason, we perform
  // the check early, sacrificing the ability to affect Google Test's
  // exception handling in the method where the exception is thrown.
  if (internal::GetUnitTestImpl()->catch_exceptions()) {
#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
    try {
      return HandleSehExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(object, method, location);
    } catch (const AssertionException&) {  // NOLINT
      // This failure was reported already.
    } catch (const internal::GoogleTestFailureException&) {  // NOLINT
      // This exception type can only be thrown by a failed Google
      // Test assertion with the intention of letting another testing
      // framework catch it.  Therefore we just re-throw it.
      throw;
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {  // NOLINT
      internal::ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(
          TestPartResult::kFatalFailure,
          FormatCxxExceptionMessage(e.what(), location));
    } catch (...) {  // NOLINT
      internal::ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(
          TestPartResult::kFatalFailure,
          FormatCxxExceptionMessage(nullptr, location));
    }
    return static_cast<Result>(0);
#else
    return HandleSehExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(object, method, location);
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
  } else {
    return (object->*method)();
  }
}

}  // namespace internal

// Runs the test and updates the test result.
void Test::Run() {
  if (!HasSameFixtureClass()) return;

  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
  internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(this, &Test::SetUp, "SetUp()");
  // We will run the test only if SetUp() was successful and didn't call
  // GTEST_SKIP().
  if (!HasFatalFailure() && !IsSkipped()) {
    impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
    internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(this, &Test::TestBody,
                                                  "the test body");
  }

  // However, we want to clean up as much as possible.  Hence we will
  // always call TearDown(), even if SetUp() or the test body has
  // failed.
  impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
  internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(this, &Test::TearDown,
                                                "TearDown()");
}

// Returns true if and only if the current test has a fatal failure.
bool Test::HasFatalFailure() {
  return internal::GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->HasFatalFailure();
}

// Returns true if and only if the current test has a non-fatal failure.
bool Test::HasNonfatalFailure() {
  return internal::GetUnitTestImpl()
      ->current_test_result()
      ->HasNonfatalFailure();
}

// Returns true if and only if the current test was skipped.
bool Test::IsSkipped() {
  return internal::GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->Skipped();
}

// class TestInfo

// Constructs a TestInfo object. It assumes ownership of the test factory
// object.
TestInfo::TestInfo(const std::string& a_test_suite_name,
                   const std::string& a_name, const char* a_type_param,
                   const char* a_value_param,
                   internal::CodeLocation a_code_location,
                   internal::TypeId fixture_class_id,
                   internal::TestFactoryBase* factory)
    : test_suite_name_(a_test_suite_name),
      name_(a_name),
      type_param_(a_type_param ? new std::string(a_type_param) : nullptr),
      value_param_(a_value_param ? new std::string(a_value_param) : nullptr),
      location_(a_code_location),
      fixture_class_id_(fixture_class_id),
      should_run_(false),
      is_disabled_(false),
      matches_filter_(false),
      is_in_another_shard_(false),
      factory_(factory),
      result_() {}

// Destructs a TestInfo object.
TestInfo::~TestInfo() { delete factory_; }

namespace internal {

// Creates a new TestInfo object and registers it with Google Test;
// returns the created object.
//
// Arguments:
//
//   test_suite_name:  name of the test suite
//   name:             name of the test
//   type_param:       the name of the test's type parameter, or NULL if
//                     this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test.
//   value_param:      text representation of the test's value parameter,
//                     or NULL if this is not a value-parameterized test.
//   code_location:    code location where the test is defined
//   fixture_class_id: ID of the test fixture class
//   set_up_tc:        pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
//   tear_down_tc:     pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
//   factory:          pointer to the factory that creates a test object.
//                     The newly created TestInfo instance will assume
//                     ownership of the factory object.
TestInfo* MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
    const char* test_suite_name, const char* name, const char* type_param,
    const char* value_param, CodeLocation code_location,
    TypeId fixture_class_id, SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
    TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc, TestFactoryBase* factory) {
  TestInfo* const test_info =
      new TestInfo(test_suite_name, name, type_param, value_param,
                   code_location, fixture_class_id, factory);
  GetUnitTestImpl()->AddTestInfo(set_up_tc, tear_down_tc, test_info);
  return test_info;
}

void ReportInvalidTestSuiteType(const char* test_suite_name,
                                CodeLocation code_location) {
  Message errors;
  errors
      << "Attempted redefinition of test suite " << test_suite_name << ".\n"
      << "All tests in the same test suite must use the same test fixture\n"
      << "class.  However, in test suite " << test_suite_name << ", you tried\n"
      << "to define a test using a fixture class different from the one\n"
      << "used earlier. This can happen if the two fixture classes are\n"
      << "from different namespaces and have the same name. You should\n"
      << "probably rename one of the classes to put the tests into different\n"
      << "test suites.";

  GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) << FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(),
                                          code_location.line)
                    << " " << errors.GetString();
}
}  // namespace internal

namespace {

// A predicate that checks the test name of a TestInfo against a known
// value.
//
// This is used for implementation of the TestSuite class only.  We put
// it in the anonymous namespace to prevent polluting the outer
// namespace.
//
// TestNameIs is copyable.
class TestNameIs {
 public:
  // Constructor.
  //
  // TestNameIs has NO default constructor.
  explicit TestNameIs(const char* name) : name_(name) {}

  // Returns true if and only if the test name of test_info matches name_.
  bool operator()(const TestInfo* test_info) const {
    return test_info && test_info->name() == name_;
  }

 private:
  std::string name_;
};

}  // namespace

namespace internal {

// This method expands all parameterized tests registered with macros TEST_P
// and INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P into regular tests and registers those.
// This will be done just once during the program runtime.
void UnitTestImpl::RegisterParameterizedTests() {
  if (!parameterized_tests_registered_) {
    parameterized_test_registry_.RegisterTests();
    type_parameterized_test_registry_.CheckForInstantiations();
    parameterized_tests_registered_ = true;
  }
}

}  // namespace internal

// Creates the test object, runs it, records its result, and then
// deletes it.
void TestInfo::Run() {
  TestEventListener* repeater = UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners().repeater();
  if (!should_run_) {
    if (is_disabled_ && matches_filter_) repeater->OnTestDisabled(*this);
    return;
  }

  // Tells UnitTest where to store test result.
  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  impl->set_current_test_info(this);

  // Notifies the unit test event listeners that a test is about to start.
  repeater->OnTestStart(*this);
  result_.set_start_timestamp(internal::GetTimeInMillis());
  internal::Timer timer;
  impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();

  // Creates the test object.
  Test* const test = internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(
      factory_, &internal::TestFactoryBase::CreateTest,
      "the test fixture's constructor");

  // Runs the test if the constructor didn't generate a fatal failure or invoke
  // GTEST_SKIP().
  // Note that the object will not be null
  if (!Test::HasFatalFailure() && !Test::IsSkipped()) {
    // This doesn't throw as all user code that can throw are wrapped into
    // exception handling code.
    test->Run();
  }

  if (test != nullptr) {
    // Deletes the test object.
    impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
    internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(
        test, &Test::DeleteSelf_, "the test fixture's destructor");
  }

  result_.set_elapsed_time(timer.Elapsed());

  // Notifies the unit test event listener that a test has just finished.
  repeater->OnTestEnd(*this);

  // Tells UnitTest to stop associating assertion results to this
  // test.
  impl->set_current_test_info(nullptr);
}

// Skip and records a skipped test result for this object.
void TestInfo::Skip() {
  if (!should_run_) return;

  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  impl->set_current_test_info(this);

  TestEventListener* repeater = UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners().repeater();

  // Notifies the unit test event listeners that a test is about to start.
  repeater->OnTestStart(*this);

  const TestPartResult test_part_result =
      TestPartResult(TestPartResult::kSkip, this->file(), this->line(), "");
  impl->GetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread()->ReportTestPartResult(
      test_part_result);

  // Notifies the unit test event listener that a test has just finished.
  repeater->OnTestEnd(*this);
  impl->set_current_test_info(nullptr);
}

// class TestSuite

// Gets the number of successful tests in this test suite.
int TestSuite::successful_test_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_info_list_, TestPassed);
}

// Gets the number of successful tests in this test suite.
int TestSuite::skipped_test_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_info_list_, TestSkipped);
}

// Gets the number of failed tests in this test suite.
int TestSuite::failed_test_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_info_list_, TestFailed);
}

// Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
int TestSuite::reportable_disabled_test_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_info_list_, TestReportableDisabled);
}

// Gets the number of disabled tests in this test suite.
int TestSuite::disabled_test_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_info_list_, TestDisabled);
}

// Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
int TestSuite::reportable_test_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_info_list_, TestReportable);
}

// Get the number of tests in this test suite that should run.
int TestSuite::test_to_run_count() const {
  return CountIf(test_info_list_, ShouldRunTest);
}

// Gets the number of all tests.
int TestSuite::total_test_count() const {
  return static_cast<int>(test_info_list_.size());
}

// Creates a TestSuite with the given name.
//
// Arguments:
//
//   a_name:       name of the test suite
//   a_type_param: the name of the test suite's type parameter, or NULL if
//                 this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test suite.
//   set_up_tc:    pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
//   tear_down_tc: pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
TestSuite::TestSuite(const char* a_name, const char* a_type_param,
                     internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
                     internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc)
    : name_(a_name),
      type_param_(a_type_param ? new std::string(a_type_param) : nullptr),
      set_up_tc_(set_up_tc),
      tear_down_tc_(tear_down_tc),
      should_run_(false),
      start_timestamp_(0),
      elapsed_time_(0) {}

// Destructor of TestSuite.
TestSuite::~TestSuite() {
  // Deletes every Test in the collection.
  ForEach(test_info_list_, internal::Delete<TestInfo>);
}

// Returns the i-th test among all the tests. i can range from 0 to
// total_test_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
const TestInfo* TestSuite::GetTestInfo(int i) const {
  const int index = GetElementOr(test_indices_, i, -1);
  return index < 0 ? nullptr : test_info_list_[static_cast<size_t>(index)];
}

// Returns the i-th test among all the tests. i can range from 0 to
// total_test_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
TestInfo* TestSuite::GetMutableTestInfo(int i) {
  const int index = GetElementOr(test_indices_, i, -1);
  return index < 0 ? nullptr : test_info_list_[static_cast<size_t>(index)];
}

// Adds a test to this test suite.  Will delete the test upon
// destruction of the TestSuite object.
void TestSuite::AddTestInfo(TestInfo* test_info) {
  test_info_list_.push_back(test_info);
  test_indices_.push_back(static_cast<int>(test_indices_.size()));
}

// Runs every test in this TestSuite.
void TestSuite::Run() {
  if (!should_run_) return;

  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  impl->set_current_test_suite(this);

  TestEventListener* repeater = UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners().repeater();

  // Call both legacy and the new API
  repeater->OnTestSuiteStart(*this);
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  repeater->OnTestCaseStart(*this);
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
  internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(
      this, &TestSuite::RunSetUpTestSuite, "SetUpTestSuite()");

  const bool skip_all = ad_hoc_test_result().Failed();

  start_timestamp_ = internal::GetTimeInMillis();
  internal::Timer timer;
  for (int i = 0; i < total_test_count(); i++) {
    if (skip_all) {
      GetMutableTestInfo(i)->Skip();
    } else {
      GetMutableTestInfo(i)->Run();
    }
    if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(fail_fast) &&
        GetMutableTestInfo(i)->result()->Failed()) {
      for (int j = i + 1; j < total_test_count(); j++) {
        GetMutableTestInfo(j)->Skip();
      }
      break;
    }
  }
  elapsed_time_ = timer.Elapsed();

  impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
  internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(
      this, &TestSuite::RunTearDownTestSuite, "TearDownTestSuite()");

  // Call both legacy and the new API
  repeater->OnTestSuiteEnd(*this);
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  repeater->OnTestCaseEnd(*this);
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  impl->set_current_test_suite(nullptr);
}

// Skips all tests under this TestSuite.
void TestSuite::Skip() {
  if (!should_run_) return;

  internal::UnitTestImpl* const impl = internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  impl->set_current_test_suite(this);

  TestEventListener* repeater = UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners().repeater();

  // Call both legacy and the new API
  repeater->OnTestSuiteStart(*this);
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  repeater->OnTestCaseStart(*this);
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  for (int i = 0; i < total_test_count(); i++) {
    GetMutableTestInfo(i)->Skip();
  }

  // Call both legacy and the new API
  repeater->OnTestSuiteEnd(*this);
  // Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  repeater->OnTestCaseEnd(*this);
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  impl->set_current_test_suite(nullptr);
}

// Clears the results of all tests in this test suite.
void TestSuite::ClearResult() {
  ad_hoc_test_result_.Clear();
  ForEach(test_info_list_, TestInfo::ClearTestResult);
}

// Shuffles the tests in this test suite.
void TestSuite::ShuffleTests(internal::Random* random) {
  Shuffle(random, &test_indices_);
}

// Restores the test order to before the first shuffle.
void TestSuite::UnshuffleTests() {
  for (size_t i = 0; i < test_indices_.size(); i++) {
    test_indices_[i] = static_cast<int>(i);
  }
}

// Formats a countable noun.  Depending on its quantity, either the
// singular form or the plural form is used. e.g.
//
// FormatCountableNoun(1, "formula", "formuli") returns "1 formula".
// FormatCountableNoun(5, "book", "books") returns "5 books".
static std::string FormatCountableNoun(int count, const char* singular_form,
                                       const char* plural_form) {
  return internal::StreamableToString(count) + " " +
         (count == 1 ? singular_form : plural_form);
}

// Formats the count of tests.
static std::string FormatTestCount(int test_count) {
  return FormatCountableNoun(test_count, "test", "tests");
}

// Formats the count of test suites.
static std::string FormatTestSuiteCount(int test_suite_count) {
  return FormatCountableNoun(test_suite_count, "test suite", "test suites");
}

// Converts a TestPartResult::Type enum to human-friendly string
// representation.  Both kNonFatalFailure and kFatalFailure are translated
// to "Failure", as the user usually doesn't care about the difference
// between the two when viewing the test result.
static const char* TestPartResultTypeToString(TestPartResult::Type type) {
  switch (type) {
    case TestPartResult::kSkip:
      return "Skipped\n";
    case TestPartResult::kSuccess:
      return "Success";

    case TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure:
    case TestPartResult::kFatalFailure:
#ifdef _MSC_VER
      return "error: ";
#else
      return "Failure\n";
#endif
    default:
      return "Unknown result type";
  }
}

namespace internal {
namespace {
enum class GTestColor { kDefault, kRed, kGreen, kYellow };
}  // namespace

// Prints a TestPartResult to an std::string.
static std::string PrintTestPartResultToString(
    const TestPartResult& test_part_result) {
  return (Message() << internal::FormatFileLocation(
                           test_part_result.file_name(),
                           test_part_result.line_number())
                    << " "
                    << TestPartResultTypeToString(test_part_result.type())
                    << test_part_result.message())
      .GetString();
}

// Prints a TestPartResult.
static void PrintTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result) {
  const std::string& result = PrintTestPartResultToString(test_part_result);
  printf("%s\n", result.c_str());
  fflush(stdout);
  // If the test program runs in Visual Studio or a debugger, the
  // following statements add the test part result message to the Output
  // window such that the user can double-click on it to jump to the
  // corresponding source code location; otherwise they do nothing.
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
  // We don't call OutputDebugString*() on Windows Mobile, as printing
  // to stdout is done by OutputDebugString() there already - we don't
  // want the same message printed twice.
  ::OutputDebugStringA(result.c_str());
  ::OutputDebugStringA("\n");
#endif
}

// class PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && \
    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW

// Returns the character attribute for the given color.
static WORD GetColorAttribute(GTestColor color) {
  switch (color) {
    case GTestColor::kRed:
      return FOREGROUND_RED;
    case GTestColor::kGreen:
      return FOREGROUND_GREEN;
    case GTestColor::kYellow:
      return FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN;
    default:
      return 0;
  }
}

static int GetBitOffset(WORD color_mask) {
  if (color_mask == 0) return 0;

  int bitOffset = 0;
  while ((color_mask & 1) == 0) {
    color_mask >>= 1;
    ++bitOffset;
  }
  return bitOffset;
}

static WORD GetNewColor(GTestColor color, WORD old_color_attrs) {
  // Let's reuse the BG
  static const WORD background_mask = BACKGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_GREEN |
                                      BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY;
  static const WORD foreground_mask = FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_GREEN |
                                      FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;
  const WORD existing_bg = old_color_attrs & background_mask;

  WORD new_color =
      GetColorAttribute(color) | existing_bg | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;
  static const int bg_bitOffset = GetBitOffset(background_mask);
  static const int fg_bitOffset = GetBitOffset(foreground_mask);

  if (((new_color & background_mask) >> bg_bitOffset) ==
      ((new_color & foreground_mask) >> fg_bitOffset)) {
    new_color ^= FOREGROUND_INTENSITY;  // invert intensity
  }
  return new_color;
}

#else

// Returns the ANSI color code for the given color. GTestColor::kDefault is
// an invalid input.
static const char* GetAnsiColorCode(GTestColor color) {
  switch (color) {
    case GTestColor::kRed:
      return "1";
    case GTestColor::kGreen:
      return "2";
    case GTestColor::kYellow:
      return "3";
    default:
      return nullptr;
  }
}

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

// Returns true if and only if Google Test should use colors in the output.
bool ShouldUseColor(bool stdout_is_tty) {
  std::string c = GTEST_FLAG_GET(color);
  const char* const gtest_color = c.c_str();

  if (String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(gtest_color, "auto")) {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
    // On Windows the TERM variable is usually not set, but the
    // console there does support colors.
    return stdout_is_tty;
#else
    // On non-Windows platforms, we rely on the TERM variable.
    const char* const term = posix::GetEnv("TERM");
    const bool term_supports_color =
        String::CStringEquals(term, "xterm") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "xterm-color") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "xterm-256color") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "screen") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "screen-256color") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "tmux") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "tmux-256color") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "rxvt-unicode") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "rxvt-unicode-256color") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "linux") ||
        String::CStringEquals(term, "cygwin");
    return stdout_is_tty && term_supports_color;
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  }

  return String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(gtest_color, "yes") ||
         String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(gtest_color, "true") ||
         String::CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(gtest_color, "t") ||
         String::CStringEquals(gtest_color, "1");
  // We take "yes", "true", "t", and "1" as meaning "yes".  If the
  // value is neither one of these nor "auto", we treat it as "no" to
  // be conservative.
}

// Helpers for printing colored strings to stdout. Note that on Windows, we
// cannot simply emit special characters and have the terminal change colors.
// This routine must actually emit the characters rather than return a string
// that would be colored when printed, as can be done on Linux.

GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_(2, 3)
static void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
  va_list args;
  va_start(args, fmt);

  static const bool in_color_mode =
      ShouldUseColor(posix::IsATTY(posix::FileNo(stdout)) != 0);
  const bool use_color = in_color_mode && (color != GTestColor::kDefault);

  if (!use_color) {
    vprintf(fmt, args);
    va_end(args);
    return;
  }

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && \
    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
  const HANDLE stdout_handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

  // Gets the current text color.
  CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO buffer_info;
  GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(stdout_handle, &buffer_info);
  const WORD old_color_attrs = buffer_info.wAttributes;
  const WORD new_color = GetNewColor(color, old_color_attrs);

  // We need to flush the stream buffers into the console before each
  // SetConsoleTextAttribute call lest it affect the text that is already
  // printed but has not yet reached the console.
  fflush(stdout);
  SetConsoleTextAttribute(stdout_handle, new_color);

  vprintf(fmt, args);

  fflush(stdout);
  // Restores the text color.
  SetConsoleTextAttribute(stdout_handle, old_color_attrs);
#else
  printf("\033[0;3%sm", GetAnsiColorCode(color));
  vprintf(fmt, args);
  printf("\033[m");  // Resets the terminal to default.
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
  va_end(args);
}

// Text printed in Google Test's text output and --gtest_list_tests
// output to label the type parameter and value parameter for a test.
static const char kTypeParamLabel[] = "TypeParam";
static const char kValueParamLabel[] = "GetParam()";

static void PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(const TestInfo& test_info) {
  const char* const type_param = test_info.type_param();
  const char* const value_param = test_info.value_param();

  if (type_param != nullptr || value_param != nullptr) {
    printf(", where ");
    if (type_param != nullptr) {
      printf("%s = %s", kTypeParamLabel, type_param);
      if (value_param != nullptr) printf(" and ");
    }
    if (value_param != nullptr) {
      printf("%s = %s", kValueParamLabel, value_param);
    }
  }
}

// This class implements the TestEventListener interface.
//
// Class PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter is copyable.
class PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter : public TestEventListener {
 public:
  PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter() {}
  static void PrintTestName(const char* test_suite, const char* test) {
    printf("%s.%s", test_suite, test);
  }

  // The following methods override what's in the TestEventListener class.
  void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) override;
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& test_case) override;
#else
  void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& test_suite) override;
#endif  // OnTestCaseStart

  void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info) override;
  void OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& test_info) override;

  void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;
  void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) override;
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& test_case) override;
#else
  void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& test_suite) override;
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;
  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) override;
  void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}

 private:
  static void PrintFailedTests(const UnitTest& unit_test);
  static void PrintFailedTestSuites(const UnitTest& unit_test);
  static void PrintSkippedTests(const UnitTest& unit_test);
};

// Fired before each iteration of tests starts.
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestIterationStart(
    const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) {
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(repeat) != 1)
    printf("\nRepeating all tests (iteration %d) . . .\n\n", iteration + 1);

  std::string f = GTEST_FLAG_GET(filter);
  const char* const filter = f.c_str();

  // Prints the filter if it's not *.  This reminds the user that some
  // tests may be skipped.
  if (!String::CStringEquals(filter, kUniversalFilter)) {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kYellow, "Note: %s filter = %s\n", GTEST_NAME_,
                  filter);
  }

  if (internal::ShouldShard(kTestTotalShards, kTestShardIndex, false)) {
    const int32_t shard_index = Int32FromEnvOrDie(kTestShardIndex, -1);
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kYellow, "Note: This is test shard %d of %s.\n",
                  static_cast<int>(shard_index) + 1,
                  internal::posix::GetEnv(kTestTotalShards));
  }

  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(shuffle)) {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kYellow,
                  "Note: Randomizing tests' orders with a seed of %d .\n",
                  unit_test.random_seed());
  }

  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[==========] ");
  printf("Running %s from %s.\n",
         FormatTestCount(unit_test.test_to_run_count()).c_str(),
         FormatTestSuiteCount(unit_test.test_suite_to_run_count()).c_str());
  fflush(stdout);
}

void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(
    const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) {
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[----------] ");
  printf("Global test environment set-up.\n");
  fflush(stdout);
}

#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& test_case) {
  const std::string counts =
      FormatCountableNoun(test_case.test_to_run_count(), "test", "tests");
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[----------] ");
  printf("%s from %s", counts.c_str(), test_case.name());
  if (test_case.type_param() == nullptr) {
    printf("\n");
  } else {
    printf(", where %s = %s\n", kTypeParamLabel, test_case.type_param());
  }
  fflush(stdout);
}
#else
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestSuiteStart(
    const TestSuite& test_suite) {
  const std::string counts =
      FormatCountableNoun(test_suite.test_to_run_count(), "test", "tests");
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[----------] ");
  printf("%s from %s", counts.c_str(), test_suite.name());
  if (test_suite.type_param() == nullptr) {
    printf("\n");
  } else {
    printf(", where %s = %s\n", kTypeParamLabel, test_suite.type_param());
  }
  fflush(stdout);
}
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info) {
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[ RUN      ] ");
  PrintTestName(test_info.test_suite_name(), test_info.name());
  printf("\n");
  fflush(stdout);
}

void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& test_info) {
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kYellow, "[ DISABLED ] ");
  PrintTestName(test_info.test_suite_name(), test_info.name());
  printf("\n");
  fflush(stdout);
}

// Called after an assertion failure.
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestPartResult(
    const TestPartResult& result) {
  switch (result.type()) {
    // If the test part succeeded, we don't need to do anything.
    case TestPartResult::kSuccess:
      return;
    default:
      // Print failure message from the assertion
      // (e.g. expected this and got that).
      PrintTestPartResult(result);
      fflush(stdout);
  }
}

void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) {
  if (test_info.result()->Passed()) {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[       OK ] ");
  } else if (test_info.result()->Skipped()) {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[  SKIPPED ] ");
  } else {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "[  FAILED  ] ");
  }
  PrintTestName(test_info.test_suite_name(), test_info.name());
  if (test_info.result()->Failed()) PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(test_info);

  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_time)) {
    printf(" (%s ms)\n",
           internal::StreamableToString(test_info.result()->elapsed_time())
               .c_str());
  } else {
    printf("\n");
  }
  fflush(stdout);
}

#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& test_case) {
  if (!GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_time)) return;

  const std::string counts =
      FormatCountableNoun(test_case.test_to_run_count(), "test", "tests");
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[----------] ");
  printf("%s from %s (%s ms total)\n\n", counts.c_str(), test_case.name(),
         internal::StreamableToString(test_case.elapsed_time()).c_str());
  fflush(stdout);
}
#else
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& test_suite) {
  if (!GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_time)) return;

  const std::string counts =
      FormatCountableNoun(test_suite.test_to_run_count(), "test", "tests");
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[----------] ");
  printf("%s from %s (%s ms total)\n\n", counts.c_str(), test_suite.name(),
         internal::StreamableToString(test_suite.elapsed_time()).c_str());
  fflush(stdout);
}
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(
    const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) {
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[----------] ");
  printf("Global test environment tear-down\n");
  fflush(stdout);
}

// Internal helper for printing the list of failed tests.
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintFailedTests(const UnitTest& unit_test) {
  const int failed_test_count = unit_test.failed_test_count();
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "[  FAILED  ] ");
  printf("%s, listed below:\n", FormatTestCount(failed_test_count).c_str());

  for (int i = 0; i < unit_test.total_test_suite_count(); ++i) {
    const TestSuite& test_suite = *unit_test.GetTestSuite(i);
    if (!test_suite.should_run() || (test_suite.failed_test_count() == 0)) {
      continue;
    }
    for (int j = 0; j < test_suite.total_test_count(); ++j) {
      const TestInfo& test_info = *test_suite.GetTestInfo(j);
      if (!test_info.should_run() || !test_info.result()->Failed()) {
        continue;
      }
      ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "[  FAILED  ] ");
      printf("%s.%s", test_suite.name(), test_info.name());
      PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(test_info);
      printf("\n");
    }
  }
  printf("\n%2d FAILED %s\n", failed_test_count,
         failed_test_count == 1 ? "TEST" : "TESTS");
}

// Internal helper for printing the list of test suite failures not covered by
// PrintFailedTests.
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintFailedTestSuites(
    const UnitTest& unit_test) {
  int suite_failure_count = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < unit_test.total_test_suite_count(); ++i) {
    const TestSuite& test_suite = *unit_test.GetTestSuite(i);
    if (!test_suite.should_run()) {
      continue;
    }
    if (test_suite.ad_hoc_test_result().Failed()) {
      ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "[  FAILED  ] ");
      printf("%s: SetUpTestSuite or TearDownTestSuite\n", test_suite.name());
      ++suite_failure_count;
    }
  }
  if (suite_failure_count > 0) {
    printf("\n%2d FAILED TEST %s\n", suite_failure_count,
           suite_failure_count == 1 ? "SUITE" : "SUITES");
  }
}

// Internal helper for printing the list of skipped tests.
void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintSkippedTests(const UnitTest& unit_test) {
  const int skipped_test_count = unit_test.skipped_test_count();
  if (skipped_test_count == 0) {
    return;
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < unit_test.total_test_suite_count(); ++i) {
    const TestSuite& test_suite = *unit_test.GetTestSuite(i);
    if (!test_suite.should_run() || (test_suite.skipped_test_count() == 0)) {
      continue;
    }
    for (int j = 0; j < test_suite.total_test_count(); ++j) {
      const TestInfo& test_info = *test_suite.GetTestInfo(j);
      if (!test_info.should_run() || !test_info.result()->Skipped()) {
        continue;
      }
      ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[  SKIPPED ] ");
      printf("%s.%s", test_suite.name(), test_info.name());
      printf("\n");
    }
  }
}

void PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                                     int /*iteration*/) {
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[==========] ");
  printf("%s from %s ran.",
         FormatTestCount(unit_test.test_to_run_count()).c_str(),
         FormatTestSuiteCount(unit_test.test_suite_to_run_count()).c_str());
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_time)) {
    printf(" (%s ms total)",
           internal::StreamableToString(unit_test.elapsed_time()).c_str());
  }
  printf("\n");
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[  PASSED  ] ");
  printf("%s.\n", FormatTestCount(unit_test.successful_test_count()).c_str());

  const int skipped_test_count = unit_test.skipped_test_count();
  if (skipped_test_count > 0) {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[  SKIPPED ] ");
    printf("%s, listed below:\n", FormatTestCount(skipped_test_count).c_str());
    PrintSkippedTests(unit_test);
  }

  if (!unit_test.Passed()) {
    PrintFailedTests(unit_test);
    PrintFailedTestSuites(unit_test);
  }

  int num_disabled = unit_test.reportable_disabled_test_count();
  if (num_disabled && !GTEST_FLAG_GET(also_run_disabled_tests)) {
    if (unit_test.Passed()) {
      printf("\n");  // Add a spacer if no FAILURE banner is displayed.
    }
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kYellow, "  YOU HAVE %d DISABLED %s\n\n",
                  num_disabled, num_disabled == 1 ? "TEST" : "TESTS");
  }
  // Ensure that Google Test output is printed before, e.g., heapchecker output.
  fflush(stdout);
}

// End PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter

// This class implements the TestEventListener interface.
//
// Class BriefUnitTestResultPrinter is copyable.
class BriefUnitTestResultPrinter : public TestEventListener {
 public:
  BriefUnitTestResultPrinter() {}
  static void PrintTestName(const char* test_suite, const char* test) {
    printf("%s.%s", test_suite, test);
  }

  // The following methods override what's in the TestEventListener class.
  void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/,
                            int /*iteration*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) override {}
#else
  void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) override {}
#endif  // OnTestCaseStart

  void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}
  void OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}

  void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;
  void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) override;
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) override {}
#else
  void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) override {}
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) override;
  void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
};

// Called after an assertion failure.
void BriefUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestPartResult(
    const TestPartResult& result) {
  switch (result.type()) {
    // If the test part succeeded, we don't need to do anything.
    case TestPartResult::kSuccess:
      return;
    default:
      // Print failure message from the assertion
      // (e.g. expected this and got that).
      PrintTestPartResult(result);
      fflush(stdout);
  }
}

void BriefUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) {
  if (test_info.result()->Failed()) {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "[  FAILED  ] ");
    PrintTestName(test_info.test_suite_name(), test_info.name());
    PrintFullTestCommentIfPresent(test_info);

    if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_time)) {
      printf(" (%s ms)\n",
             internal::StreamableToString(test_info.result()->elapsed_time())
                 .c_str());
    } else {
      printf("\n");
    }
    fflush(stdout);
  }
}

void BriefUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                                    int /*iteration*/) {
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[==========] ");
  printf("%s from %s ran.",
         FormatTestCount(unit_test.test_to_run_count()).c_str(),
         FormatTestSuiteCount(unit_test.test_suite_to_run_count()).c_str());
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(print_time)) {
    printf(" (%s ms total)",
           internal::StreamableToString(unit_test.elapsed_time()).c_str());
  }
  printf("\n");
  ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[  PASSED  ] ");
  printf("%s.\n", FormatTestCount(unit_test.successful_test_count()).c_str());

  const int skipped_test_count = unit_test.skipped_test_count();
  if (skipped_test_count > 0) {
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kGreen, "[  SKIPPED ] ");
    printf("%s.\n", FormatTestCount(skipped_test_count).c_str());
  }

  int num_disabled = unit_test.reportable_disabled_test_count();
  if (num_disabled && !GTEST_FLAG_GET(also_run_disabled_tests)) {
    if (unit_test.Passed()) {
      printf("\n");  // Add a spacer if no FAILURE banner is displayed.
    }
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kYellow, "  YOU HAVE %d DISABLED %s\n\n",
                  num_disabled, num_disabled == 1 ? "TEST" : "TESTS");
  }
  // Ensure that Google Test output is printed before, e.g., heapchecker output.
  fflush(stdout);
}

// End BriefUnitTestResultPrinter

// class TestEventRepeater
//
// This class forwards events to other event listeners.
class TestEventRepeater : public TestEventListener {
 public:
  TestEventRepeater() : forwarding_enabled_(true) {}
  ~TestEventRepeater() override;
  void Append(TestEventListener* listener);
  TestEventListener* Release(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Controls whether events will be forwarded to listeners_. Set to false
  // in death test child processes.
  bool forwarding_enabled() const { return forwarding_enabled_; }
  void set_forwarding_enabled(bool enable) { forwarding_enabled_ = enable; }

  void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;
  void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) override;
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseStart(const TestSuite& parameter) override;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& parameter) override;
  void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info) override;
  void OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& test_info) override;
  void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;
  void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) override;
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& parameter) override;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& parameter) override;
  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;
  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;
  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) override;
  void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) override;

 private:
  // Controls whether events will be forwarded to listeners_. Set to false
  // in death test child processes.
  bool forwarding_enabled_;
  // The list of listeners that receive events.
  std::vector<TestEventListener*> listeners_;

  TestEventRepeater(const TestEventRepeater&) = delete;
  TestEventRepeater& operator=(const TestEventRepeater&) = delete;
};

TestEventRepeater::~TestEventRepeater() {
  ForEach(listeners_, Delete<TestEventListener>);
}

void TestEventRepeater::Append(TestEventListener* listener) {
  listeners_.push_back(listener);
}

TestEventListener* TestEventRepeater::Release(TestEventListener* listener) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i < listeners_.size(); ++i) {
    if (listeners_[i] == listener) {
      listeners_.erase(listeners_.begin() + static_cast<int>(i));
      return listener;
    }
  }

  return nullptr;
}

// Since most methods are very similar, use macros to reduce boilerplate.
// This defines a member that forwards the call to all listeners.
#define GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(Name, Type)              \
  void TestEventRepeater::Name(const Type& parameter) { \
    if (forwarding_enabled_) {                          \
      for (size_t i = 0; i < listeners_.size(); i++) {  \
        listeners_[i]->Name(parameter);                 \
      }                                                 \
    }                                                   \
  }
// This defines a member that forwards the call to all listeners in reverse
// order.
#define GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_(Name, Type)      \
  void TestEventRepeater::Name(const Type& parameter) { \
    if (forwarding_enabled_) {                          \
      for (size_t i = listeners_.size(); i != 0; i--) { \
        listeners_[i - 1]->Name(parameter);             \
      }                                                 \
    }                                                   \
  }

GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestProgramStart, UnitTest)
GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart, UnitTest)
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestCaseStart, TestSuite)
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestSuiteStart, TestSuite)
GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestStart, TestInfo)
GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestDisabled, TestInfo)
GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestPartResult, TestPartResult)
GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart, UnitTest)
GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd, UnitTest)
GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd, UnitTest)
GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestEnd, TestInfo)
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestCaseEnd, TestSuite)
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestSuiteEnd, TestSuite)
GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_(OnTestProgramEnd, UnitTest)

#undef GTEST_REPEATER_METHOD_
#undef GTEST_REVERSE_REPEATER_METHOD_

void TestEventRepeater::OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                             int iteration) {
  if (forwarding_enabled_) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < listeners_.size(); i++) {
      listeners_[i]->OnTestIterationStart(unit_test, iteration);
    }
  }
}

void TestEventRepeater::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                           int iteration) {
  if (forwarding_enabled_) {
    for (size_t i = listeners_.size(); i > 0; i--) {
      listeners_[i - 1]->OnTestIterationEnd(unit_test, iteration);
    }
  }
}

// End TestEventRepeater

// This class generates an XML output file.
class XmlUnitTestResultPrinter : public EmptyTestEventListener {
 public:
  explicit XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(const char* output_file);

  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) override;
  void ListTestsMatchingFilter(const std::vector<TestSuite*>& test_suites);

  // Prints an XML summary of all unit tests.
  static void PrintXmlTestsList(std::ostream* stream,
                                const std::vector<TestSuite*>& test_suites);

 private:
  // Is c a whitespace character that is normalized to a space character
  // when it appears in an XML attribute value?
  static bool IsNormalizableWhitespace(unsigned char c) {
    return c == '\t' || c == '\n' || c == '\r';
  }

  // May c appear in a well-formed XML document?
  // https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#charsets
  static bool IsValidXmlCharacter(unsigned char c) {
    return IsNormalizableWhitespace(c) || c >= 0x20;
  }

  // Returns an XML-escaped copy of the input string str.  If
  // is_attribute is true, the text is meant to appear as an attribute
  // value, and normalizable whitespace is preserved by replacing it
  // with character references.
  static std::string EscapeXml(const std::string& str, bool is_attribute);

  // Returns the given string with all characters invalid in XML removed.
  static std::string RemoveInvalidXmlCharacters(const std::string& str);

  // Convenience wrapper around EscapeXml when str is an attribute value.
  static std::string EscapeXmlAttribute(const std::string& str) {
    return EscapeXml(str, true);
  }

  // Convenience wrapper around EscapeXml when str is not an attribute value.
  static std::string EscapeXmlText(const char* str) {
    return EscapeXml(str, false);
  }

  // Verifies that the given attribute belongs to the given element and
  // streams the attribute as XML.
  static void OutputXmlAttribute(std::ostream* stream,
                                 const std::string& element_name,
                                 const std::string& name,
                                 const std::string& value);

  // Streams an XML CDATA section, escaping invalid CDATA sequences as needed.
  static void OutputXmlCDataSection(::std::ostream* stream, const char* data);

  // Streams a test suite XML stanza containing the given test result.
  //
  // Requires: result.Failed()
  static void OutputXmlTestSuiteForTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
                                              const TestResult& result);

  // Streams an XML representation of a TestResult object.
  static void OutputXmlTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
                                  const TestResult& result);

  // Streams an XML representation of a TestInfo object.
  static void OutputXmlTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                const char* test_suite_name,
                                const TestInfo& test_info);

  // Prints an XML representation of a TestSuite object
  static void PrintXmlTestSuite(::std::ostream* stream,
                                const TestSuite& test_suite);

  // Prints an XML summary of unit_test to output stream out.
  static void PrintXmlUnitTest(::std::ostream* stream,
                               const UnitTest& unit_test);

  // Produces a string representing the test properties in a result as space
  // delimited XML attributes based on the property key="value" pairs.
  // When the std::string is not empty, it includes a space at the beginning,
  // to delimit this attribute from prior attributes.
  static std::string TestPropertiesAsXmlAttributes(const TestResult& result);

  // Streams an XML representation of the test properties of a TestResult
  // object.
  static void OutputXmlTestProperties(std::ostream* stream,
                                      const TestResult& result);

  // The output file.
  const std::string output_file_;

  XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(const XmlUnitTestResultPrinter&) = delete;
  XmlUnitTestResultPrinter& operator=(const XmlUnitTestResultPrinter&) = delete;
};

// Creates a new XmlUnitTestResultPrinter.
XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(const char* output_file)
    : output_file_(output_file) {
  if (output_file_.empty()) {
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "XML output file may not be null";
  }
}

// Called after the unit test ends.
void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                                  int /*iteration*/) {
  FILE* xmlout = OpenFileForWriting(output_file_);
  std::stringstream stream;
  PrintXmlUnitTest(&stream, unit_test);
  fprintf(xmlout, "%s", StringStreamToString(&stream).c_str());
  fclose(xmlout);
}

void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::ListTestsMatchingFilter(
    const std::vector<TestSuite*>& test_suites) {
  FILE* xmlout = OpenFileForWriting(output_file_);
  std::stringstream stream;
  PrintXmlTestsList(&stream, test_suites);
  fprintf(xmlout, "%s", StringStreamToString(&stream).c_str());
  fclose(xmlout);
}

// Returns an XML-escaped copy of the input string str.  If is_attribute
// is true, the text is meant to appear as an attribute value, and
// normalizable whitespace is preserved by replacing it with character
// references.
//
// Invalid XML characters in str, if any, are stripped from the output.
// It is expected that most, if not all, of the text processed by this
// module will consist of ordinary English text.
// If this module is ever modified to produce version 1.1 XML output,
// most invalid characters can be retained using character references.
std::string XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::EscapeXml(const std::string& str,
                                                bool is_attribute) {
  Message m;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
    const char ch = str[i];
    switch (ch) {
      case '<':
        m << "&lt;";
        break;
      case '>':
        m << "&gt;";
        break;
      case '&':
        m << "&amp;";
        break;
      case '\'':
        if (is_attribute)
          m << "&apos;";
        else
          m << '\'';
        break;
      case '"':
        if (is_attribute)
          m << "&quot;";
        else
          m << '"';
        break;
      default:
        if (IsValidXmlCharacter(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch))) {
          if (is_attribute &&
              IsNormalizableWhitespace(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)))
            m << "&#x" << String::FormatByte(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch))
              << ";";
          else
            m << ch;
        }
        break;
    }
  }

  return m.GetString();
}

// Returns the given string with all characters invalid in XML removed.
// Currently invalid characters are dropped from the string. An
// alternative is to replace them with certain characters such as . or ?.
std::string XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::RemoveInvalidXmlCharacters(
    const std::string& str) {
  std::string output;
  output.reserve(str.size());
  for (std::string::const_iterator it = str.begin(); it != str.end(); ++it)
    if (IsValidXmlCharacter(static_cast<unsigned char>(*it)))
      output.push_back(*it);

  return output;
}

// The following routines generate an XML representation of a UnitTest
// object.
//
// This is how Google Test concepts map to the DTD:
//
// <testsuites name="AllTests">        <-- corresponds to a UnitTest object
//   <testsuite name="testcase-name">  <-- corresponds to a TestSuite object
//     <testcase name="test-name">     <-- corresponds to a TestInfo object
//       <failure message="...">...</failure>
//       <failure message="...">...</failure>
//       <failure message="...">...</failure>
//                                     <-- individual assertion failures
//     </testcase>
//   </testsuite>
// </testsuites>

// Formats the given time in milliseconds as seconds.
std::string FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(TimeInMillis ms) {
  ::std::stringstream ss;
  ss << (static_cast<double>(ms) * 1e-3);
  return ss.str();
}

static bool PortableLocaltime(time_t seconds, struct tm* out) {
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
  return localtime_s(out, &seconds) == 0;
#elif defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__MINGW64__)
  // MINGW <time.h> provides neither localtime_r nor localtime_s, but uses
  // Windows' localtime(), which has a thread-local tm buffer.
  struct tm* tm_ptr = localtime(&seconds);  // NOLINT
  if (tm_ptr == nullptr) return false;
  *out = *tm_ptr;
  return true;
#elif defined(__STDC_LIB_EXT1__)
  // Uses localtime_s when available as localtime_r is only available from
  // C23 standard.
  return localtime_s(&seconds, out) != nullptr;
#else
  return localtime_r(&seconds, out) != nullptr;
#endif
}

// Converts the given epoch time in milliseconds to a date string in the ISO
// 8601 format, without the timezone information.
std::string FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(TimeInMillis ms) {
  struct tm time_struct;
  if (!PortableLocaltime(static_cast<time_t>(ms / 1000), &time_struct))
    return "";
  // YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.sss
  return StreamableToString(time_struct.tm_year + 1900) + "-" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mon + 1) + "-" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mday) + "T" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_hour) + ":" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_min) + ":" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_sec) + "." +
         String::FormatIntWidthN(static_cast<int>(ms % 1000), 3);
}

// Streams an XML CDATA section, escaping invalid CDATA sequences as needed.
void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlCDataSection(::std::ostream* stream,
                                                     const char* data) {
  const char* segment = data;
  *stream << "<![CDATA[";
  for (;;) {
    const char* const next_segment = strstr(segment, "]]>");
    if (next_segment != nullptr) {
      stream->write(segment,
                    static_cast<std::streamsize>(next_segment - segment));
      *stream << "]]>]]&gt;<![CDATA[";
      segment = next_segment + strlen("]]>");
    } else {
      *stream << segment;
      break;
    }
  }
  *stream << "]]>";
}

void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlAttribute(
    std::ostream* stream, const std::string& element_name,
    const std::string& name, const std::string& value) {
  const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_names =
      GetReservedOutputAttributesForElement(element_name);

  GTEST_CHECK_(std::find(allowed_names.begin(), allowed_names.end(), name) !=
               allowed_names.end())
      << "Attribute " << name << " is not allowed for element <" << element_name
      << ">.";

  *stream << " " << name << "=\"" << EscapeXmlAttribute(value) << "\"";
}

// Streams a test suite XML stanza containing the given test result.
void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlTestSuiteForTestResult(
    ::std::ostream* stream, const TestResult& result) {
  // Output the boilerplate for a minimal test suite with one test.
  *stream << "  <testsuite";
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "name", "NonTestSuiteFailure");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "tests", "1");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "failures", "1");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "disabled", "0");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "skipped", "0");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "errors", "0");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "time",
                     FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(result.elapsed_time()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(
      stream, "testsuite", "timestamp",
      FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(result.start_timestamp()));
  *stream << ">";

  // Output the boilerplate for a minimal test case with a single test.
  *stream << "    <testcase";
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "name", "");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "status", "run");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "result", "completed");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "classname", "");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "time",
                     FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(result.elapsed_time()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(
      stream, "testcase", "timestamp",
      FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(result.start_timestamp()));

  // Output the actual test result.
  OutputXmlTestResult(stream, result);

  // Complete the test suite.
  *stream << "  </testsuite>\n";
}

// Prints an XML representation of a TestInfo object.
void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                                 const char* test_suite_name,
                                                 const TestInfo& test_info) {
  const TestResult& result = *test_info.result();
  const std::string kTestsuite = "testcase";

  if (test_info.is_in_another_shard()) {
    return;
  }

  *stream << "    <testcase";
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "name", test_info.name());

  if (test_info.value_param() != nullptr) {
    OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "value_param",
                       test_info.value_param());
  }
  if (test_info.type_param() != nullptr) {
    OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "type_param",
                       test_info.type_param());
  }

  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "file", test_info.file());
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "line",
                     StreamableToString(test_info.line()));
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(list_tests)) {
    *stream << " />\n";
    return;
  }

  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "status",
                     test_info.should_run() ? "run" : "notrun");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "result",
                     test_info.should_run()
                         ? (result.Skipped() ? "skipped" : "completed")
                         : "suppressed");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "time",
                     FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(result.elapsed_time()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(
      stream, kTestsuite, "timestamp",
      FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(result.start_timestamp()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "classname", test_suite_name);

  OutputXmlTestResult(stream, result);
}

void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
                                                   const TestResult& result) {
  int failures = 0;
  int skips = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < result.total_part_count(); ++i) {
    const TestPartResult& part = result.GetTestPartResult(i);
    if (part.failed()) {
      if (++failures == 1 && skips == 0) {
        *stream << ">\n";
      }
      const std::string location =
          internal::FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation(part.file_name(),
                                                          part.line_number());
      const std::string summary = location + "\n" + part.summary();
      *stream << "      <failure message=\"" << EscapeXmlAttribute(summary)
              << "\" type=\"\">";
      const std::string detail = location + "\n" + part.message();
      OutputXmlCDataSection(stream, RemoveInvalidXmlCharacters(detail).c_str());
      *stream << "</failure>\n";
    } else if (part.skipped()) {
      if (++skips == 1 && failures == 0) {
        *stream << ">\n";
      }
      const std::string location =
          internal::FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation(part.file_name(),
                                                          part.line_number());
      const std::string summary = location + "\n" + part.summary();
      *stream << "      <skipped message=\""
              << EscapeXmlAttribute(summary.c_str()) << "\">";
      const std::string detail = location + "\n" + part.message();
      OutputXmlCDataSection(stream, RemoveInvalidXmlCharacters(detail).c_str());
      *stream << "</skipped>\n";
    }
  }

  if (failures == 0 && skips == 0 && result.test_property_count() == 0) {
    *stream << " />\n";
  } else {
    if (failures == 0 && skips == 0) {
      *stream << ">\n";
    }
    OutputXmlTestProperties(stream, result);
    *stream << "    </testcase>\n";
  }
}

// Prints an XML representation of a TestSuite object
void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintXmlTestSuite(std::ostream* stream,
                                                 const TestSuite& test_suite) {
  const std::string kTestsuite = "testsuite";
  *stream << "  <" << kTestsuite;
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "name", test_suite.name());
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "tests",
                     StreamableToString(test_suite.reportable_test_count()));
  if (!GTEST_FLAG_GET(list_tests)) {
    OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "failures",
                       StreamableToString(test_suite.failed_test_count()));
    OutputXmlAttribute(
        stream, kTestsuite, "disabled",
        StreamableToString(test_suite.reportable_disabled_test_count()));
    OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "skipped",
                       StreamableToString(test_suite.skipped_test_count()));

    OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "errors", "0");

    OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "time",
                       FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(test_suite.elapsed_time()));
    OutputXmlAttribute(
        stream, kTestsuite, "timestamp",
        FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(test_suite.start_timestamp()));
    *stream << TestPropertiesAsXmlAttributes(test_suite.ad_hoc_test_result());
  }
  *stream << ">\n";
  for (int i = 0; i < test_suite.total_test_count(); ++i) {
    if (test_suite.GetTestInfo(i)->is_reportable())
      OutputXmlTestInfo(stream, test_suite.name(), *test_suite.GetTestInfo(i));
  }
  *stream << "  </" << kTestsuite << ">\n";
}

// Prints an XML summary of unit_test to output stream out.
void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintXmlUnitTest(std::ostream* stream,
                                                const UnitTest& unit_test) {
  const std::string kTestsuites = "testsuites";

  *stream << "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n";
  *stream << "<" << kTestsuites;

  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "tests",
                     StreamableToString(unit_test.reportable_test_count()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "failures",
                     StreamableToString(unit_test.failed_test_count()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(
      stream, kTestsuites, "disabled",
      StreamableToString(unit_test.reportable_disabled_test_count()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "errors", "0");
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "time",
                     FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(unit_test.elapsed_time()));
  OutputXmlAttribute(
      stream, kTestsuites, "timestamp",
      FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(unit_test.start_timestamp()));

  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(shuffle)) {
    OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "random_seed",
                       StreamableToString(unit_test.random_seed()));
  }
  *stream << TestPropertiesAsXmlAttributes(unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result());

  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "name", "AllTests");
  *stream << ">\n";

  for (int i = 0; i < unit_test.total_test_suite_count(); ++i) {
    if (unit_test.GetTestSuite(i)->reportable_test_count() > 0)
      PrintXmlTestSuite(stream, *unit_test.GetTestSuite(i));
  }

  // If there was a test failure outside of one of the test suites (like in a
  // test environment) include that in the output.
  if (unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result().Failed()) {
    OutputXmlTestSuiteForTestResult(stream, unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result());
  }

  *stream << "</" << kTestsuites << ">\n";
}

void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintXmlTestsList(
    std::ostream* stream, const std::vector<TestSuite*>& test_suites) {
  const std::string kTestsuites = "testsuites";

  *stream << "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n";
  *stream << "<" << kTestsuites;

  int total_tests = 0;
  for (auto test_suite : test_suites) {
    total_tests += test_suite->total_test_count();
  }
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "tests",
                     StreamableToString(total_tests));
  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuites, "name", "AllTests");
  *stream << ">\n";

  for (auto test_suite : test_suites) {
    PrintXmlTestSuite(stream, *test_suite);
  }
  *stream << "</" << kTestsuites << ">\n";
}

// Produces a string representing the test properties in a result as space
// delimited XML attributes based on the property key="value" pairs.
std::string XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::TestPropertiesAsXmlAttributes(
    const TestResult& result) {
  Message attributes;
  for (int i = 0; i < result.test_property_count(); ++i) {
    const TestProperty& property = result.GetTestProperty(i);
    attributes << " " << property.key() << "="
               << "\"" << EscapeXmlAttribute(property.value()) << "\"";
  }
  return attributes.GetString();
}

void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlTestProperties(
    std::ostream* stream, const TestResult& result) {
  const std::string kProperties = "properties";
  const std::string kProperty = "property";

  if (result.test_property_count() <= 0) {
    return;
  }

  *stream << "      <" << kProperties << ">\n";
  for (int i = 0; i < result.test_property_count(); ++i) {
    const TestProperty& property = result.GetTestProperty(i);
    *stream << "        <" << kProperty;
    *stream << " name=\"" << EscapeXmlAttribute(property.key()) << "\"";
    *stream << " value=\"" << EscapeXmlAttribute(property.value()) << "\"";
    *stream << "/>\n";
  }
  *stream << "      </" << kProperties << ">\n";
}

// End XmlUnitTestResultPrinter

// This class generates an JSON output file.
class JsonUnitTestResultPrinter : public EmptyTestEventListener {
 public:
  explicit JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(const char* output_file);

  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) override;

  // Prints an JSON summary of all unit tests.
  static void PrintJsonTestList(::std::ostream* stream,
                                const std::vector<TestSuite*>& test_suites);

 private:
  // Returns an JSON-escaped copy of the input string str.
  static std::string EscapeJson(const std::string& str);

  //// Verifies that the given attribute belongs to the given element and
  //// streams the attribute as JSON.
  static void OutputJsonKey(std::ostream* stream,
                            const std::string& element_name,
                            const std::string& name, const std::string& value,
                            const std::string& indent, bool comma = true);
  static void OutputJsonKey(std::ostream* stream,
                            const std::string& element_name,
                            const std::string& name, int value,
                            const std::string& indent, bool comma = true);

  // Streams a test suite JSON stanza containing the given test result.
  //
  // Requires: result.Failed()
  static void OutputJsonTestSuiteForTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
                                               const TestResult& result);

  // Streams a JSON representation of a TestResult object.
  static void OutputJsonTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
                                   const TestResult& result);

  // Streams a JSON representation of a TestInfo object.
  static void OutputJsonTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                 const char* test_suite_name,
                                 const TestInfo& test_info);

  // Prints a JSON representation of a TestSuite object
  static void PrintJsonTestSuite(::std::ostream* stream,
                                 const TestSuite& test_suite);

  // Prints a JSON summary of unit_test to output stream out.
  static void PrintJsonUnitTest(::std::ostream* stream,
                                const UnitTest& unit_test);

  // Produces a string representing the test properties in a result as
  // a JSON dictionary.
  static std::string TestPropertiesAsJson(const TestResult& result,
                                          const std::string& indent);

  // The output file.
  const std::string output_file_;

  JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(const JsonUnitTestResultPrinter&) = delete;
  JsonUnitTestResultPrinter& operator=(const JsonUnitTestResultPrinter&) =
      delete;
};

// Creates a new JsonUnitTestResultPrinter.
JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(const char* output_file)
    : output_file_(output_file) {
  if (output_file_.empty()) {
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "JSON output file may not be null";
  }
}

void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                                   int /*iteration*/) {
  FILE* jsonout = OpenFileForWriting(output_file_);
  std::stringstream stream;
  PrintJsonUnitTest(&stream, unit_test);
  fprintf(jsonout, "%s", StringStreamToString(&stream).c_str());
  fclose(jsonout);
}

// Returns an JSON-escaped copy of the input string str.
std::string JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::EscapeJson(const std::string& str) {
  Message m;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
    const char ch = str[i];
    switch (ch) {
      case '\\':
      case '"':
      case '/':
        m << '\\' << ch;
        break;
      case '\b':
        m << "\\b";
        break;
      case '\t':
        m << "\\t";
        break;
      case '\n':
        m << "\\n";
        break;
      case '\f':
        m << "\\f";
        break;
      case '\r':
        m << "\\r";
        break;
      default:
        if (ch < ' ') {
          m << "\\u00" << String::FormatByte(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch));
        } else {
          m << ch;
        }
        break;
    }
  }

  return m.GetString();
}

// The following routines generate an JSON representation of a UnitTest
// object.

// Formats the given time in milliseconds as seconds.
static std::string FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(TimeInMillis ms) {
  ::std::stringstream ss;
  ss << (static_cast<double>(ms) * 1e-3) << "s";
  return ss.str();
}

// Converts the given epoch time in milliseconds to a date string in the
// RFC3339 format, without the timezone information.
static std::string FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(TimeInMillis ms) {
  struct tm time_struct;
  if (!PortableLocaltime(static_cast<time_t>(ms / 1000), &time_struct))
    return "";
  // YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
  return StreamableToString(time_struct.tm_year + 1900) + "-" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mon + 1) + "-" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mday) + "T" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_hour) + ":" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_min) + ":" +
         String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_sec) + "Z";
}

static inline std::string Indent(size_t width) {
  return std::string(width, ' ');
}

void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonKey(std::ostream* stream,
                                              const std::string& element_name,
                                              const std::string& name,
                                              const std::string& value,
                                              const std::string& indent,
                                              bool comma) {
  const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_names =
      GetReservedOutputAttributesForElement(element_name);

  GTEST_CHECK_(std::find(allowed_names.begin(), allowed_names.end(), name) !=
               allowed_names.end())
      << "Key \"" << name << "\" is not allowed for value \"" << element_name
      << "\".";

  *stream << indent << "\"" << name << "\": \"" << EscapeJson(value) << "\"";
  if (comma) *stream << ",\n";
}

void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonKey(
    std::ostream* stream, const std::string& element_name,
    const std::string& name, int value, const std::string& indent, bool comma) {
  const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_names =
      GetReservedOutputAttributesForElement(element_name);

  GTEST_CHECK_(std::find(allowed_names.begin(), allowed_names.end(), name) !=
               allowed_names.end())
      << "Key \"" << name << "\" is not allowed for value \"" << element_name
      << "\".";

  *stream << indent << "\"" << name << "\": " << StreamableToString(value);
  if (comma) *stream << ",\n";
}

// Streams a test suite JSON stanza containing the given test result.
void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonTestSuiteForTestResult(
    ::std::ostream* stream, const TestResult& result) {
  // Output the boilerplate for a new test suite.
  *stream << Indent(4) << "{\n";
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "name", "NonTestSuiteFailure", Indent(6));
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "tests", 1, Indent(6));
  if (!GTEST_FLAG_GET(list_tests)) {
    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "failures", 1, Indent(6));
    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "disabled", 0, Indent(6));
    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "skipped", 0, Indent(6));
    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "errors", 0, Indent(6));
    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "time",
                  FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(result.elapsed_time()),
                  Indent(6));
    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "timestamp",
                  FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(result.start_timestamp()),
                  Indent(6));
  }
  *stream << Indent(6) << "\"testsuite\": [\n";

  // Output the boilerplate for a new test case.
  *stream << Indent(8) << "{\n";
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "name", "", Indent(10));
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "status", "RUN", Indent(10));
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "result", "COMPLETED", Indent(10));
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "timestamp",
                FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(result.start_timestamp()),
                Indent(10));
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "time",
                FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(result.elapsed_time()),
                Indent(10));
  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "classname", "", Indent(10), false);
  *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(result, Indent(10));

  // Output the actual test result.
  OutputJsonTestResult(stream, result);

  // Finish the test suite.
  *stream << "\n" << Indent(6) << "]\n" << Indent(4) << "}";
}

// Prints a JSON representation of a TestInfo object.
void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                                   const char* test_suite_name,
                                                   const TestInfo& test_info) {
  const TestResult& result = *test_info.result();
  const std::string kTestsuite = "testcase";
  const std::string kIndent = Indent(10);

  *stream << Indent(8) << "{\n";
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "name", test_info.name(), kIndent);

  if (test_info.value_param() != nullptr) {
    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "value_param", test_info.value_param(),
                  kIndent);
  }
  if (test_info.type_param() != nullptr) {
    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "type_param", test_info.type_param(),
                  kIndent);
  }

  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "file", test_info.file(), kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "line", test_info.line(), kIndent, false);
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(list_tests)) {
    *stream << "\n" << Indent(8) << "}";
    return;
  } else {
    *stream << ",\n";
  }

  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "status",
                test_info.should_run() ? "RUN" : "NOTRUN", kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "result",
                test_info.should_run()
                    ? (result.Skipped() ? "SKIPPED" : "COMPLETED")
                    : "SUPPRESSED",
                kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "timestamp",
                FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(result.start_timestamp()),
                kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "time",
                FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(result.elapsed_time()), kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "classname", test_suite_name, kIndent,
                false);
  *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(result, kIndent);

  OutputJsonTestResult(stream, result);
}

void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
                                                     const TestResult& result) {
  const std::string kIndent = Indent(10);

  int failures = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < result.total_part_count(); ++i) {
    const TestPartResult& part = result.GetTestPartResult(i);
    if (part.failed()) {
      *stream << ",\n";
      if (++failures == 1) {
        *stream << kIndent << "\""
                << "failures"
                << "\": [\n";
      }
      const std::string location =
          internal::FormatCompilerIndependentFileLocation(part.file_name(),
                                                          part.line_number());
      const std::string message = EscapeJson(location + "\n" + part.message());
      *stream << kIndent << "  {\n"
              << kIndent << "    \"failure\": \"" << message << "\",\n"
              << kIndent << "    \"type\": \"\"\n"
              << kIndent << "  }";
    }
  }

  if (failures > 0) *stream << "\n" << kIndent << "]";
  *stream << "\n" << Indent(8) << "}";
}

// Prints an JSON representation of a TestSuite object
void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintJsonTestSuite(
    std::ostream* stream, const TestSuite& test_suite) {
  const std::string kTestsuite = "testsuite";
  const std::string kIndent = Indent(6);

  *stream << Indent(4) << "{\n";
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "name", test_suite.name(), kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "tests", test_suite.reportable_test_count(),
                kIndent);
  if (!GTEST_FLAG_GET(list_tests)) {
    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "failures",
                  test_suite.failed_test_count(), kIndent);
    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "disabled",
                  test_suite.reportable_disabled_test_count(), kIndent);
    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "errors", 0, kIndent);
    OutputJsonKey(
        stream, kTestsuite, "timestamp",
        FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(test_suite.start_timestamp()),
        kIndent);
    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuite, "time",
                  FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(test_suite.elapsed_time()),
                  kIndent, false);
    *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(test_suite.ad_hoc_test_result(), kIndent)
            << ",\n";
  }

  *stream << kIndent << "\"" << kTestsuite << "\": [\n";

  bool comma = false;
  for (int i = 0; i < test_suite.total_test_count(); ++i) {
    if (test_suite.GetTestInfo(i)->is_reportable()) {
      if (comma) {
        *stream << ",\n";
      } else {
        comma = true;
      }
      OutputJsonTestInfo(stream, test_suite.name(), *test_suite.GetTestInfo(i));
    }
  }
  *stream << "\n" << kIndent << "]\n" << Indent(4) << "}";
}

// Prints a JSON summary of unit_test to output stream out.
void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintJsonUnitTest(std::ostream* stream,
                                                  const UnitTest& unit_test) {
  const std::string kTestsuites = "testsuites";
  const std::string kIndent = Indent(2);
  *stream << "{\n";

  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "tests", unit_test.reportable_test_count(),
                kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "failures", unit_test.failed_test_count(),
                kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "disabled",
                unit_test.reportable_disabled_test_count(), kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "errors", 0, kIndent);
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(shuffle)) {
    OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "random_seed", unit_test.random_seed(),
                  kIndent);
  }
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "timestamp",
                FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(unit_test.start_timestamp()),
                kIndent);
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "time",
                FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(unit_test.elapsed_time()), kIndent,
                false);

  *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result(), kIndent)
          << ",\n";

  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "name", "AllTests", kIndent);
  *stream << kIndent << "\"" << kTestsuites << "\": [\n";

  bool comma = false;
  for (int i = 0; i < unit_test.total_test_suite_count(); ++i) {
    if (unit_test.GetTestSuite(i)->reportable_test_count() > 0) {
      if (comma) {
        *stream << ",\n";
      } else {
        comma = true;
      }
      PrintJsonTestSuite(stream, *unit_test.GetTestSuite(i));
    }
  }

  // If there was a test failure outside of one of the test suites (like in a
  // test environment) include that in the output.
  if (unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result().Failed()) {
    OutputJsonTestSuiteForTestResult(stream, unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result());
  }

  *stream << "\n"
          << kIndent << "]\n"
          << "}\n";
}

void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::PrintJsonTestList(
    std::ostream* stream, const std::vector<TestSuite*>& test_suites) {
  const std::string kTestsuites = "testsuites";
  const std::string kIndent = Indent(2);
  *stream << "{\n";
  int total_tests = 0;
  for (auto test_suite : test_suites) {
    total_tests += test_suite->total_test_count();
  }
  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "tests", total_tests, kIndent);

  OutputJsonKey(stream, kTestsuites, "name", "AllTests", kIndent);
  *stream << kIndent << "\"" << kTestsuites << "\": [\n";

  for (size_t i = 0; i < test_suites.size(); ++i) {
    if (i != 0) {
      *stream << ",\n";
    }
    PrintJsonTestSuite(stream, *test_suites[i]);
  }

  *stream << "\n"
          << kIndent << "]\n"
          << "}\n";
}
// Produces a string representing the test properties in a result as
// a JSON dictionary.
std::string JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::TestPropertiesAsJson(
    const TestResult& result, const std::string& indent) {
  Message attributes;
  for (int i = 0; i < result.test_property_count(); ++i) {
    const TestProperty& property = result.GetTestProperty(i);
    attributes << ",\n"
               << indent << "\"" << property.key() << "\": "
               << "\"" << EscapeJson(property.value()) << "\"";
  }
  return attributes.GetString();
}

// End JsonUnitTestResultPrinter

#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_

// Checks if str contains '=', '&', '%' or '\n' characters. If yes,
// replaces them by "%xx" where xx is their hexadecimal value. For
// example, replaces "=" with "%3D".  This algorithm is O(strlen(str))
// in both time and space -- important as the input str may contain an
// arbitrarily long test failure message and stack trace.
std::string StreamingListener::UrlEncode(const char* str) {
  std::string result;
  result.reserve(strlen(str) + 1);
  for (char ch = *str; ch != '\0'; ch = *++str) {
    switch (ch) {
      case '%':
      case '=':
      case '&':
      case '\n':
        result.append("%" + String::FormatByte(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)));
        break;
      default:
        result.push_back(ch);
        break;
    }
  }
  return result;
}

void StreamingListener::SocketWriter::MakeConnection() {
  GTEST_CHECK_(sockfd_ == -1)
      << "MakeConnection() can't be called when there is already a connection.";

  addrinfo hints;
  memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;  // To allow both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  addrinfo* servinfo = nullptr;

  // Use the getaddrinfo() to get a linked list of IP addresses for
  // the given host name.
  const int error_num =
      getaddrinfo(host_name_.c_str(), port_num_.c_str(), &hints, &servinfo);
  if (error_num != 0) {
    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "stream_result_to: getaddrinfo() failed: "
                        << gai_strerror(error_num);
  }

  // Loop through all the results and connect to the first we can.
  for (addrinfo* cur_addr = servinfo; sockfd_ == -1 && cur_addr != nullptr;
       cur_addr = cur_addr->ai_next) {
    sockfd_ = socket(cur_addr->ai_family, cur_addr->ai_socktype,
                     cur_addr->ai_protocol);
    if (sockfd_ != -1) {
      // Connect the client socket to the server socket.
      if (connect(sockfd_, cur_addr->ai_addr, cur_addr->ai_addrlen) == -1) {
        close(sockfd_);
        sockfd_ = -1;
      }
    }
  }

  freeaddrinfo(servinfo);  // all done with this structure

  if (sockfd_ == -1) {
    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "stream_result_to: failed to connect to "
                        << host_name_ << ":" << port_num_;
  }
}

// End of class Streaming Listener
#endif  // GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS__

// class OsStackTraceGetter

const char* const OsStackTraceGetterInterface::kElidedFramesMarker =
    "... " GTEST_NAME_ " internal frames ...";

std::string OsStackTraceGetter::CurrentStackTrace(int max_depth, int skip_count)
    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
  std::string result;

  if (max_depth <= 0) {
    return result;
  }

  max_depth = std::min(max_depth, kMaxStackTraceDepth);

  std::vector<void*> raw_stack(max_depth);
  // Skips the frames requested by the caller, plus this function.
  const int raw_stack_size =
      absl::GetStackTrace(&raw_stack[0], max_depth, skip_count + 1);

  void* caller_frame = nullptr;
  {
    MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
    caller_frame = caller_frame_;
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < raw_stack_size; ++i) {
    if (raw_stack[i] == caller_frame &&
        !GTEST_FLAG_GET(show_internal_stack_frames)) {
      // Add a marker to the trace and stop adding frames.
      absl::StrAppend(&result, kElidedFramesMarker, "\n");
      break;
    }

    char tmp[1024];
    const char* symbol = "(unknown)";
    if (absl::Symbolize(raw_stack[i], tmp, sizeof(tmp))) {
      symbol = tmp;
    }

    char line[1024];
    snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "  %p: %s\n", raw_stack[i], symbol);
    result += line;
  }

  return result;

#else   // !GTEST_HAS_ABSL
  static_cast<void>(max_depth);
  static_cast<void>(skip_count);
  return "";
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
}

void OsStackTraceGetter::UponLeavingGTest() GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
  void* caller_frame = nullptr;
  if (absl::GetStackTrace(&caller_frame, 1, 3) <= 0) {
    caller_frame = nullptr;
  }

  MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
  caller_frame_ = caller_frame;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
}

// A helper class that creates the premature-exit file in its
// constructor and deletes the file in its destructor.
class ScopedPrematureExitFile {
 public:
  explicit ScopedPrematureExitFile(const char* premature_exit_filepath)
      : premature_exit_filepath_(
            premature_exit_filepath ? premature_exit_filepath : "") {
    // If a path to the premature-exit file is specified...
    if (!premature_exit_filepath_.empty()) {
      // create the file with a single "0" character in it.  I/O
      // errors are ignored as there's nothing better we can do and we
      // don't want to fail the test because of this.
      FILE* pfile = posix::FOpen(premature_exit_filepath_.c_str(), "w");
      fwrite("0", 1, 1, pfile);
      fclose(pfile);
    }
  }

  ~ScopedPrematureExitFile() {
#if !defined GTEST_OS_ESP8266
    if (!premature_exit_filepath_.empty()) {
      int retval = remove(premature_exit_filepath_.c_str());
      if (retval) {
        GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) << "Failed to remove premature exit filepath \""
                          << premature_exit_filepath_ << "\" with error "
                          << retval;
      }
    }
#endif
  }

 private:
  const std::string premature_exit_filepath_;

  ScopedPrematureExitFile(const ScopedPrematureExitFile&) = delete;
  ScopedPrematureExitFile& operator=(const ScopedPrematureExitFile&) = delete;
};

}  // namespace internal

// class TestEventListeners

TestEventListeners::TestEventListeners()
    : repeater_(new internal::TestEventRepeater()),
      default_result_printer_(nullptr),
      default_xml_generator_(nullptr) {}

TestEventListeners::~TestEventListeners() { delete repeater_; }

// Returns the standard listener responsible for the default console
// output.  Can be removed from the listeners list to shut down default
// console output.  Note that removing this object from the listener list
// with Release transfers its ownership to the user.
void TestEventListeners::Append(TestEventListener* listener) {
  repeater_->Append(listener);
}

// Removes the given event listener from the list and returns it.  It then
// becomes the caller's responsibility to delete the listener. Returns
// NULL if the listener is not found in the list.
TestEventListener* TestEventListeners::Release(TestEventListener* listener) {
  if (listener == default_result_printer_)
    default_result_printer_ = nullptr;
  else if (listener == default_xml_generator_)
    default_xml_generator_ = nullptr;
  return repeater_->Release(listener);
}

// Returns repeater that broadcasts the TestEventListener events to all
// subscribers.
TestEventListener* TestEventListeners::repeater() { return repeater_; }

// Sets the default_result_printer attribute to the provided listener.
// The listener is also added to the listener list and previous
// default_result_printer is removed from it and deleted. The listener can
// also be NULL in which case it will not be added to the list. Does
// nothing if the previous and the current listener objects are the same.
void TestEventListeners::SetDefaultResultPrinter(TestEventListener* listener) {
  if (default_result_printer_ != listener) {
    // It is an error to pass this method a listener that is already in the
    // list.
    delete Release(default_result_printer_);
    default_result_printer_ = listener;
    if (listener != nullptr) Append(listener);
  }
}

// Sets the default_xml_generator attribute to the provided listener.  The
// listener is also added to the listener list and previous
// default_xml_generator is removed from it and deleted. The listener can
// also be NULL in which case it will not be added to the list. Does
// nothing if the previous and the current listener objects are the same.
void TestEventListeners::SetDefaultXmlGenerator(TestEventListener* listener) {
  if (default_xml_generator_ != listener) {
    // It is an error to pass this method a listener that is already in the
    // list.
    delete Release(default_xml_generator_);
    default_xml_generator_ = listener;
    if (listener != nullptr) Append(listener);
  }
}

// Controls whether events will be forwarded by the repeater to the
// listeners in the list.
bool TestEventListeners::EventForwardingEnabled() const {
  return repeater_->forwarding_enabled();
}

void TestEventListeners::SuppressEventForwarding() {
  repeater_->set_forwarding_enabled(false);
}

// class UnitTest

// Gets the singleton UnitTest object.  The first time this method is
// called, a UnitTest object is constructed and returned.  Consecutive
// calls will return the same object.
//
// We don't protect this under mutex_ as a user is not supposed to
// call this before main() starts, from which point on the return
// value will never change.
UnitTest* UnitTest::GetInstance() {
  // CodeGear C++Builder insists on a public destructor for the
  // default implementation.  Use this implementation to keep good OO
  // design with private destructor.

#if defined(__BORLANDC__)
  static UnitTest* const instance = new UnitTest;
  return instance;
#else
  static UnitTest instance;
  return &instance;
#endif  // defined(__BORLANDC__)
}

// Gets the number of successful test suites.
int UnitTest::successful_test_suite_count() const {
  return impl()->successful_test_suite_count();
}

// Gets the number of failed test suites.
int UnitTest::failed_test_suite_count() const {
  return impl()->failed_test_suite_count();
}

// Gets the number of all test suites.
int UnitTest::total_test_suite_count() const {
  return impl()->total_test_suite_count();
}

// Gets the number of all test suites that contain at least one test
// that should run.
int UnitTest::test_suite_to_run_count() const {
  return impl()->test_suite_to_run_count();
}

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
int UnitTest::successful_test_case_count() const {
  return impl()->successful_test_suite_count();
}
int UnitTest::failed_test_case_count() const {
  return impl()->failed_test_suite_count();
}
int UnitTest::total_test_case_count() const {
  return impl()->total_test_suite_count();
}
int UnitTest::test_case_to_run_count() const {
  return impl()->test_suite_to_run_count();
}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

// Gets the number of successful tests.
int UnitTest::successful_test_count() const {
  return impl()->successful_test_count();
}

// Gets the number of skipped tests.
int UnitTest::skipped_test_count() const {
  return impl()->skipped_test_count();
}

// Gets the number of failed tests.
int UnitTest::failed_test_count() const { return impl()->failed_test_count(); }

// Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
int UnitTest::reportable_disabled_test_count() const {
  return impl()->reportable_disabled_test_count();
}

// Gets the number of disabled tests.
int UnitTest::disabled_test_count() const {
  return impl()->disabled_test_count();
}

// Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
int UnitTest::reportable_test_count() const {
  return impl()->reportable_test_count();
}

// Gets the number of all tests.
int UnitTest::total_test_count() const { return impl()->total_test_count(); }

// Gets the number of tests that should run.
int UnitTest::test_to_run_count() const { return impl()->test_to_run_count(); }

// Gets the time of the test program start, in ms from the start of the
// UNIX epoch.
internal::TimeInMillis UnitTest::start_timestamp() const {
  return impl()->start_timestamp();
}

// Gets the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
internal::TimeInMillis UnitTest::elapsed_time() const {
  return impl()->elapsed_time();
}

// Returns true if and only if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites
// passed).
bool UnitTest::Passed() const { return impl()->Passed(); }

// Returns true if and only if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite
// failed or something outside of all tests failed).
bool UnitTest::Failed() const { return impl()->Failed(); }

// Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
// total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
const TestSuite* UnitTest::GetTestSuite(int i) const {
  return impl()->GetTestSuite(i);
}

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
const TestCase* UnitTest::GetTestCase(int i) const {
  return impl()->GetTestCase(i);
}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

// Returns the TestResult containing information on test failures and
// properties logged outside of individual test suites.
const TestResult& UnitTest::ad_hoc_test_result() const {
  return *impl()->ad_hoc_test_result();
}

// Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
// total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
TestSuite* UnitTest::GetMutableTestSuite(int i) {
  return impl()->GetMutableSuiteCase(i);
}

// Returns the list of event listeners that can be used to track events
// inside Google Test.
TestEventListeners& UnitTest::listeners() { return *impl()->listeners(); }

// Registers and returns a global test environment.  When a test
// program is run, all global test environments will be set-up in the
// order they were registered.  After all tests in the program have
// finished, all global test environments will be torn-down in the
// *reverse* order they were registered.
//
// The UnitTest object takes ownership of the given environment.
//
// We don't protect this under mutex_, as we only support calling it
// from the main thread.
Environment* UnitTest::AddEnvironment(Environment* env) {
  if (env == nullptr) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  impl_->environments().push_back(env);
  return env;
}

// Adds a TestPartResult to the current TestResult object.  All Google Test
// assertion macros (e.g. ASSERT_TRUE, EXPECT_EQ, etc) eventually call
// this to report their results.  The user code should use the
// assertion macros instead of calling this directly.
void UnitTest::AddTestPartResult(TestPartResult::Type result_type,
                                 const char* file_name, int line_number,
                                 const std::string& message,
                                 const std::string& os_stack_trace)
    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
  Message msg;
  msg << message;

  internal::MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
  if (impl_->gtest_trace_stack().size() > 0) {
    msg << "\n" << GTEST_NAME_ << " trace:";

    for (size_t i = impl_->gtest_trace_stack().size(); i > 0; --i) {
      const internal::TraceInfo& trace = impl_->gtest_trace_stack()[i - 1];
      msg << "\n"
          << internal::FormatFileLocation(trace.file, trace.line) << " "
          << trace.message;
    }
  }

  if (os_stack_trace.c_str() != nullptr && !os_stack_trace.empty()) {
    msg << internal::kStackTraceMarker << os_stack_trace;
  }

  const TestPartResult result = TestPartResult(
      result_type, file_name, line_number, msg.GetString().c_str());
  impl_->GetTestPartResultReporterForCurrentThread()->ReportTestPartResult(
      result);

  if (result_type != TestPartResult::kSuccess &&
      result_type != TestPartResult::kSkip) {
    // gtest_break_on_failure takes precedence over
    // gtest_throw_on_failure.  This allows a user to set the latter
    // in the code (perhaps in order to use Google Test assertions
    // with another testing framework) and specify the former on the
    // command line for debugging.
    if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(break_on_failure)) {
#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
      // Using DebugBreak on Windows allows gtest to still break into a debugger
      // when a failure happens and both the --gtest_break_on_failure and
      // the --gtest_catch_exceptions flags are specified.
      DebugBreak();
#elif (!defined(__native_client__)) &&            \
    ((defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__)) && \
     (defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__)))
      // with clang/gcc we can achieve the same effect on x86 by invoking int3
      asm("int3");
#else
      // Dereference nullptr through a volatile pointer to prevent the compiler
      // from removing. We use this rather than abort() or __builtin_trap() for
      // portability: some debuggers don't correctly trap abort().
      *static_cast<volatile int*>(nullptr) = 1;
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    } else if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(throw_on_failure)) {
#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
      throw internal::GoogleTestFailureException(result);
#else
      // We cannot call abort() as it generates a pop-up in debug mode
      // that cannot be suppressed in VC 7.1 or below.
      exit(1);
#endif
    }
  }
}

// Adds a TestProperty to the current TestResult object when invoked from
// inside a test, to current TestSuite's ad_hoc_test_result_ when invoked
// from SetUpTestSuite or TearDownTestSuite, or to the global property set
// when invoked elsewhere.  If the result already contains a property with
// the same key, the value will be updated.
void UnitTest::RecordProperty(const std::string& key,
                              const std::string& value) {
  impl_->RecordProperty(TestProperty(key, value));
}

// Runs all tests in this UnitTest object and prints the result.
// Returns 0 if successful, or 1 otherwise.
//
// We don't protect this under mutex_, as we only support calling it
// from the main thread.
int UnitTest::Run() {
  const bool in_death_test_child_process =
      GTEST_FLAG_GET(internal_run_death_test).length() > 0;

  // Google Test implements this protocol for catching that a test
  // program exits before returning control to Google Test:
  //
  //   1. Upon start, Google Test creates a file whose absolute path
  //      is specified by the environment variable
  //      TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE.
  //   2. When Google Test has finished its work, it deletes the file.
  //
  // This allows a test runner to set TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE before
  // running a Google-Test-based test program and check the existence
  // of the file at the end of the test execution to see if it has
  // exited prematurely.

  // If we are in the child process of a death test, don't
  // create/delete the premature exit file, as doing so is unnecessary
  // and will confuse the parent process.  Otherwise, create/delete
  // the file upon entering/leaving this function.  If the program
  // somehow exits before this function has a chance to return, the
  // premature-exit file will be left undeleted, causing a test runner
  // that understands the premature-exit-file protocol to report the
  // test as having failed.
  const internal::ScopedPrematureExitFile premature_exit_file(
      in_death_test_child_process
          ? nullptr
          : internal::posix::GetEnv("TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE"));

  // Captures the value of GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions).  This value will be
  // used for the duration of the program.
  impl()->set_catch_exceptions(GTEST_FLAG_GET(catch_exceptions));

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
  // Either the user wants Google Test to catch exceptions thrown by the
  // tests or this is executing in the context of death test child
  // process. In either case the user does not want to see pop-up dialogs
  // about crashes - they are expected.
  if (impl()->catch_exceptions() || in_death_test_child_process) {
#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
    // SetErrorMode doesn't exist on CE.
    SetErrorMode(SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS | SEM_NOALIGNMENTFAULTEXCEPT |
                 SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX | SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX);
#endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE

#if (defined(_MSC_VER) || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW) && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
    // Death test children can be terminated with _abort().  On Windows,
    // _abort() can show a dialog with a warning message.  This forces the
    // abort message to go to stderr instead.
    _set_error_mode(_OUT_TO_STDERR);
#endif

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
    // In the debug version, Visual Studio pops up a separate dialog
    // offering a choice to debug the aborted program. We need to suppress
    // this dialog or it will pop up for every EXPECT/ASSERT_DEATH statement
    // executed. Google Test will notify the user of any unexpected
    // failure via stderr.
    if (!GTEST_FLAG_GET(break_on_failure))
      _set_abort_behavior(
          0x0,                                    // Clear the following flags:
          _WRITE_ABORT_MSG | _CALL_REPORTFAULT);  // pop-up window, core dump.

    // In debug mode, the Windows CRT can crash with an assertion over invalid
    // input (e.g. passing an invalid file descriptor).  The default handling
    // for these assertions is to pop up a dialog and wait for user input.
    // Instead ask the CRT to dump such assertions to stderr non-interactively.
    if (!IsDebuggerPresent()) {
      (void)_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ASSERT,
                              _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE | _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG);
      (void)_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
    }
#endif
  }
#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

  return internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(
             impl(), &internal::UnitTestImpl::RunAllTests,
             "auxiliary test code (environments or event listeners)")
             ? 0
             : 1;
}

// Returns the working directory when the first TEST() or TEST_F() was
// executed.
const char* UnitTest::original_working_dir() const {
  return impl_->original_working_dir_.c_str();
}

// Returns the TestSuite object for the test that's currently running,
// or NULL if no test is running.
const TestSuite* UnitTest::current_test_suite() const
    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
  internal::MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
  return impl_->current_test_suite();
}

// Legacy API is still available but deprecated
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
const TestCase* UnitTest::current_test_case() const
    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
  internal::MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
  return impl_->current_test_suite();
}
#endif

// Returns the TestInfo object for the test that's currently running,
// or NULL if no test is running.
const TestInfo* UnitTest::current_test_info() const
    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
  internal::MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
  return impl_->current_test_info();
}

// Returns the random seed used at the start of the current test run.
int UnitTest::random_seed() const { return impl_->random_seed(); }

// Returns ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry object used to keep track of
// value-parameterized tests and instantiate and register them.
internal::ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry&
UnitTest::parameterized_test_registry() GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
  return impl_->parameterized_test_registry();
}

// Creates an empty UnitTest.
UnitTest::UnitTest() { impl_ = new internal::UnitTestImpl(this); }

// Destructor of UnitTest.
UnitTest::~UnitTest() { delete impl_; }

// Pushes a trace defined by SCOPED_TRACE() on to the per-thread
// Google Test trace stack.
void UnitTest::PushGTestTrace(const internal::TraceInfo& trace)
    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
  internal::MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
  impl_->gtest_trace_stack().push_back(trace);
}

// Pops a trace from the per-thread Google Test trace stack.
void UnitTest::PopGTestTrace() GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
  internal::MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
  impl_->gtest_trace_stack().pop_back();
}

namespace internal {

UnitTestImpl::UnitTestImpl(UnitTest* parent)
    : parent_(parent),
      GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4355 /* using this in initializer */)
          default_global_test_part_result_reporter_(this),
      default_per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_(this),
      GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_() global_test_part_result_repoter_(
          &default_global_test_part_result_reporter_),
      per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_(
          &default_per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_),
      parameterized_test_registry_(),
      parameterized_tests_registered_(false),
      last_death_test_suite_(-1),
      current_test_suite_(nullptr),
      current_test_info_(nullptr),
      ad_hoc_test_result_(),
      os_stack_trace_getter_(nullptr),
      post_flag_parse_init_performed_(false),
      random_seed_(0),  // Will be overridden by the flag before first use.
      random_(0),       // Will be reseeded before first use.
      start_timestamp_(0),
      elapsed_time_(0),
#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
      death_test_factory_(new DefaultDeathTestFactory),
#endif
      // Will be overridden by the flag before first use.
      catch_exceptions_(false) {
  listeners()->SetDefaultResultPrinter(new PrettyUnitTestResultPrinter);
}

UnitTestImpl::~UnitTestImpl() {
  // Deletes every TestSuite.
  ForEach(test_suites_, internal::Delete<TestSuite>);

  // Deletes every Environment.
  ForEach(environments_, internal::Delete<Environment>);

  delete os_stack_trace_getter_;
}

// Adds a TestProperty to the current TestResult object when invoked in a
// context of a test, to current test suite's ad_hoc_test_result when invoke
// from SetUpTestSuite/TearDownTestSuite, or to the global property set
// otherwise.  If the result already contains a property with the same key,
// the value will be updated.
void UnitTestImpl::RecordProperty(const TestProperty& test_property) {
  std::string xml_element;
  TestResult* test_result;  // TestResult appropriate for property recording.

  if (current_test_info_ != nullptr) {
    xml_element = "testcase";
    test_result = &(current_test_info_->result_);
  } else if (current_test_suite_ != nullptr) {
    xml_element = "testsuite";
    test_result = &(current_test_suite_->ad_hoc_test_result_);
  } else {
    xml_element = "testsuites";
    test_result = &ad_hoc_test_result_;
  }
  test_result->RecordProperty(xml_element, test_property);
}

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
// Disables event forwarding if the control is currently in a death test
// subprocess. Must not be called before InitGoogleTest.
void UnitTestImpl::SuppressTestEventsIfInSubprocess() {
  if (internal_run_death_test_flag_.get() != nullptr)
    listeners()->SuppressEventForwarding();
}
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

// Initializes event listeners performing XML output as specified by
// UnitTestOptions. Must not be called before InitGoogleTest.
void UnitTestImpl::ConfigureXmlOutput() {
  const std::string& output_format = UnitTestOptions::GetOutputFormat();
  if (output_format == "xml") {
    listeners()->SetDefaultXmlGenerator(new XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(
        UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str()));
  } else if (output_format == "json") {
    listeners()->SetDefaultXmlGenerator(new JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(
        UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str()));
  } else if (output_format != "") {
    GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "WARNING: unrecognized output format \""
                        << output_format << "\" ignored.";
  }
}

#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
// Initializes event listeners for streaming test results in string form.
// Must not be called before InitGoogleTest.
void UnitTestImpl::ConfigureStreamingOutput() {
  const std::string& target = GTEST_FLAG_GET(stream_result_to);
  if (!target.empty()) {
    const size_t pos = target.find(':');
    if (pos != std::string::npos) {
      listeners()->Append(
          new StreamingListener(target.substr(0, pos), target.substr(pos + 1)));
    } else {
      GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "unrecognized streaming target \"" << target
                          << "\" ignored.";
    }
  }
}
#endif  // GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_

// Performs initialization dependent upon flag values obtained in
// ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly.  Is called from InitGoogleTest after the call to
// ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly.  In case a user neglects to call InitGoogleTest
// this function is also called from RunAllTests.  Since this function can be
// called more than once, it has to be idempotent.
void UnitTestImpl::PostFlagParsingInit() {
  // Ensures that this function does not execute more than once.
  if (!post_flag_parse_init_performed_) {
    post_flag_parse_init_performed_ = true;

#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_TEST_EVENT_LISTENER_)
    // Register to send notifications about key process state changes.
    listeners()->Append(new GTEST_CUSTOM_TEST_EVENT_LISTENER_());
#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_TEST_EVENT_LISTENER_)

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
    InitDeathTestSubprocessControlInfo();
    SuppressTestEventsIfInSubprocess();
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

    // Registers parameterized tests. This makes parameterized tests
    // available to the UnitTest reflection API without running
    // RUN_ALL_TESTS.
    RegisterParameterizedTests();

    // Configures listeners for XML output. This makes it possible for users
    // to shut down the default XML output before invoking RUN_ALL_TESTS.
    ConfigureXmlOutput();

    if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(brief)) {
      listeners()->SetDefaultResultPrinter(new BriefUnitTestResultPrinter);
    }

#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
    // Configures listeners for streaming test results to the specified server.
    ConfigureStreamingOutput();
#endif  // GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
    if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(install_failure_signal_handler)) {
      absl::FailureSignalHandlerOptions options;
      absl::InstallFailureSignalHandler(options);
    }
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
  }
}

// A predicate that checks the name of a TestSuite against a known
// value.
//
// This is used for implementation of the UnitTest class only.  We put
// it in the anonymous namespace to prevent polluting the outer
// namespace.
//
// TestSuiteNameIs is copyable.
class TestSuiteNameIs {
 public:
  // Constructor.
  explicit TestSuiteNameIs(const std::string& name) : name_(name) {}

  // Returns true if and only if the name of test_suite matches name_.
  bool operator()(const TestSuite* test_suite) const {
    return test_suite != nullptr &&
           strcmp(test_suite->name(), name_.c_str()) == 0;
  }

 private:
  std::string name_;
};

// Finds and returns a TestSuite with the given name.  If one doesn't
// exist, creates one and returns it.  It's the CALLER'S
// RESPONSIBILITY to ensure that this function is only called WHEN THE
// TESTS ARE NOT SHUFFLED.
//
// Arguments:
//
//   test_suite_name: name of the test suite
//   type_param:      the name of the test suite's type parameter, or NULL if
//                    this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test suite.
//   set_up_tc:       pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
//   tear_down_tc:    pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
TestSuite* UnitTestImpl::GetTestSuite(
    const char* test_suite_name, const char* type_param,
    internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
    internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc) {
  // Can we find a TestSuite with the given name?
  const auto test_suite =
      std::find_if(test_suites_.rbegin(), test_suites_.rend(),
                   TestSuiteNameIs(test_suite_name));

  if (test_suite != test_suites_.rend()) return *test_suite;

  // No.  Let's create one.
  auto* const new_test_suite =
      new TestSuite(test_suite_name, type_param, set_up_tc, tear_down_tc);

  const UnitTestFilter death_test_suite_filter(kDeathTestSuiteFilter);
  // Is this a death test suite?
  if (death_test_suite_filter.MatchesName(test_suite_name)) {
    // Yes.  Inserts the test suite after the last death test suite
    // defined so far.  This only works when the test suites haven't
    // been shuffled.  Otherwise we may end up running a death test
    // after a non-death test.
    ++last_death_test_suite_;
    test_suites_.insert(test_suites_.begin() + last_death_test_suite_,
                        new_test_suite);
  } else {
    // No.  Appends to the end of the list.
    test_suites_.push_back(new_test_suite);
  }

  test_suite_indices_.push_back(static_cast<int>(test_suite_indices_.size()));
  return new_test_suite;
}

// Helpers for setting up / tearing down the given environment.  They
// are for use in the ForEach() function.
static void SetUpEnvironment(Environment* env) { env->SetUp(); }
static void TearDownEnvironment(Environment* env) { env->TearDown(); }

// Runs all tests in this UnitTest object, prints the result, and
// returns true if all tests are successful.  If any exception is
// thrown during a test, the test is considered to be failed, but the
// rest of the tests will still be run.
//
// When parameterized tests are enabled, it expands and registers
// parameterized tests first in RegisterParameterizedTests().
// All other functions called from RunAllTests() may safely assume that
// parameterized tests are ready to be counted and run.
bool UnitTestImpl::RunAllTests() {
  // True if and only if Google Test is initialized before RUN_ALL_TESTS() is
  // called.
  const bool gtest_is_initialized_before_run_all_tests = GTestIsInitialized();

  // Do not run any test if the --help flag was specified.
  if (g_help_flag) return true;

  // Repeats the call to the post-flag parsing initialization in case the
  // user didn't call InitGoogleTest.
  PostFlagParsingInit();

  // Even if sharding is not on, test runners may want to use the
  // GTEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE to query whether the test supports the sharding
  // protocol.
  internal::WriteToShardStatusFileIfNeeded();

  // True if and only if we are in a subprocess for running a thread-safe-style
  // death test.
  bool in_subprocess_for_death_test = false;

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
  in_subprocess_for_death_test =
      (internal_run_death_test_flag_.get() != nullptr);
#if defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_CHILD_SETUP_)
  if (in_subprocess_for_death_test) {
    GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_CHILD_SETUP_();
  }
#endif  // defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_CHILD_SETUP_)
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

  const bool should_shard = ShouldShard(kTestTotalShards, kTestShardIndex,
                                        in_subprocess_for_death_test);

  // Compares the full test names with the filter to decide which
  // tests to run.
  const bool has_tests_to_run =
      FilterTests(should_shard ? HONOR_SHARDING_PROTOCOL
                               : IGNORE_SHARDING_PROTOCOL) > 0;

  // Lists the tests and exits if the --gtest_list_tests flag was specified.
  if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(list_tests)) {
    // This must be called *after* FilterTests() has been called.
    ListTestsMatchingFilter();
    return true;
  }

  random_seed_ = GetRandomSeedFromFlag(GTEST_FLAG_GET(random_seed));

  // True if and only if at least one test has failed.
  bool failed = false;

  TestEventListener* repeater = listeners()->repeater();

  start_timestamp_ = GetTimeInMillis();
  repeater->OnTestProgramStart(*parent_);

  // How many times to repeat the tests?  We don't want to repeat them
  // when we are inside the subprocess of a death test.
  const int repeat = in_subprocess_for_death_test ? 1 : GTEST_FLAG_GET(repeat);

  // Repeats forever if the repeat count is negative.
  const bool gtest_repeat_forever = repeat < 0;

  // Should test environments be set up and torn down for each repeat, or only
  // set up on the first and torn down on the last iteration? If there is no
  // "last" iteration because the tests will repeat forever, always recreate the
  // environments to avoid leaks in case one of the environments is using
  // resources that are external to this process. Without this check there would
  // be no way to clean up those external resources automatically.
  const bool recreate_environments_when_repeating =
      GTEST_FLAG_GET(recreate_environments_when_repeating) ||
      gtest_repeat_forever;

  for (int i = 0; gtest_repeat_forever || i != repeat; i++) {
    // We want to preserve failures generated by ad-hoc test
    // assertions executed before RUN_ALL_TESTS().
    ClearNonAdHocTestResult();

    Timer timer;

    // Shuffles test suites and tests if requested.
    if (has_tests_to_run && GTEST_FLAG_GET(shuffle)) {
      random()->Reseed(static_cast<uint32_t>(random_seed_));
      // This should be done before calling OnTestIterationStart(),
      // such that a test event listener can see the actual test order
      // in the event.
      ShuffleTests();
    }

    // Tells the unit test event listeners that the tests are about to start.
    repeater->OnTestIterationStart(*parent_, i);

    // Runs each test suite if there is at least one test to run.
    if (has_tests_to_run) {
      // Sets up all environments beforehand. If test environments aren't
      // recreated for each iteration, only do so on the first iteration.
      if (i == 0 || recreate_environments_when_repeating) {
        repeater->OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(*parent_);
        ForEach(environments_, SetUpEnvironment);
        repeater->OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(*parent_);
      }

      // Runs the tests only if there was no fatal failure or skip triggered
      // during global set-up.
      if (Test::IsSkipped()) {
        // Emit diagnostics when global set-up calls skip, as it will not be
        // emitted by default.
        TestResult& test_result =
            *internal::GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result();
        for (int j = 0; j < test_result.total_part_count(); ++j) {
          const TestPartResult& test_part_result =
              test_result.GetTestPartResult(j);
          if (test_part_result.type() == TestPartResult::kSkip) {
            const std::string& result = test_part_result.message();
            printf("%s\n", result.c_str());
          }
        }
        fflush(stdout);
      } else if (!Test::HasFatalFailure()) {
        for (int test_index = 0; test_index < total_test_suite_count();
             test_index++) {
          GetMutableSuiteCase(test_index)->Run();
          if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(fail_fast) &&
              GetMutableSuiteCase(test_index)->Failed()) {
            for (int j = test_index + 1; j < total_test_suite_count(); j++) {
              GetMutableSuiteCase(j)->Skip();
            }
            break;
          }
        }
      } else if (Test::HasFatalFailure()) {
        // If there was a fatal failure during the global setup then we know we
        // aren't going to run any tests. Explicitly mark all of the tests as
        // skipped to make this obvious in the output.
        for (int test_index = 0; test_index < total_test_suite_count();
             test_index++) {
          GetMutableSuiteCase(test_index)->Skip();
        }
      }

      // Tears down all environments in reverse order afterwards. If test
      // environments aren't recreated for each iteration, only do so on the
      // last iteration.
      if (i == repeat - 1 || recreate_environments_when_repeating) {
        repeater->OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(*parent_);
        std::for_each(environments_.rbegin(), environments_.rend(),
                      TearDownEnvironment);
        repeater->OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(*parent_);
      }
    }

    elapsed_time_ = timer.Elapsed();

    // Tells the unit test event listener that the tests have just finished.
    repeater->OnTestIterationEnd(*parent_, i);

    // Gets the result and clears it.
    if (!Passed()) {
      failed = true;
    }

    // Restores the original test order after the iteration.  This
    // allows the user to quickly repro a failure that happens in the
    // N-th iteration without repeating the first (N - 1) iterations.
    // This is not enclosed in "if (GTEST_FLAG(shuffle)) { ... }", in
    // case the user somehow changes the value of the flag somewhere
    // (it's always safe to unshuffle the tests).
    UnshuffleTests();

    if (GTEST_FLAG_GET(shuffle)) {
      // Picks a new random seed for each iteration.
      random_seed_ = GetNextRandomSeed(random_seed_);
    }
  }

  repeater->OnTestProgramEnd(*parent_);

  if (!gtest_is_initialized_before_run_all_tests) {
    ColoredPrintf(
        GTestColor::kRed,
        "\nIMPORTANT NOTICE - DO NOT IGNORE:\n"
        "This test program did NOT call " GTEST_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_NAME_
        "() before calling RUN_ALL_TESTS(). This is INVALID. Soon " GTEST_NAME_
        " will start to enforce the valid usage. "
        "Please fix it ASAP, or IT WILL START TO FAIL.\n");  // NOLINT
#if GTEST_FOR_GOOGLE_
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed,
                  "For more details, see http://wiki/Main/ValidGUnitMain.\n");
#endif  // GTEST_FOR_GOOGLE_
  }

  return !failed;
}

// Reads the GTEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE environment variable, and creates the file
// if the variable is present. If a file already exists at this location, this
// function will write over it. If the variable is present, but the file cannot
// be created, prints an error and exits.
void WriteToShardStatusFileIfNeeded() {
  const char* const test_shard_file = posix::GetEnv(kTestShardStatusFile);
  if (test_shard_file != nullptr) {
    FILE* const file = posix::FOpen(test_shard_file, "w");
    if (file == nullptr) {
      ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed,
                    "Could not write to the test shard status file \"%s\" "
                    "specified by the %s environment variable.\n",
                    test_shard_file, kTestShardStatusFile);
      fflush(stdout);
      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    fclose(file);
  }
}

// Checks whether sharding is enabled by examining the relevant
// environment variable values. If the variables are present,
// but inconsistent (i.e., shard_index >= total_shards), prints
// an error and exits. If in_subprocess_for_death_test, sharding is
// disabled because it must only be applied to the original test
// process. Otherwise, we could filter out death tests we intended to execute.
bool ShouldShard(const char* total_shards_env, const char* shard_index_env,
                 bool in_subprocess_for_death_test) {
  if (in_subprocess_for_death_test) {
    return false;
  }

  const int32_t total_shards = Int32FromEnvOrDie(total_shards_env, -1);
  const int32_t shard_index = Int32FromEnvOrDie(shard_index_env, -1);

  if (total_shards == -1 && shard_index == -1) {
    return false;
  } else if (total_shards == -1 && shard_index != -1) {
    const Message msg = Message() << "Invalid environment variables: you have "
                                  << kTestShardIndex << " = " << shard_index
                                  << ", but have left " << kTestTotalShards
                                  << " unset.\n";
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "%s", msg.GetString().c_str());
    fflush(stdout);
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  } else if (total_shards != -1 && shard_index == -1) {
    const Message msg = Message()
                        << "Invalid environment variables: you have "
                        << kTestTotalShards << " = " << total_shards
                        << ", but have left " << kTestShardIndex << " unset.\n";
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "%s", msg.GetString().c_str());
    fflush(stdout);
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  } else if (shard_index < 0 || shard_index >= total_shards) {
    const Message msg =
        Message() << "Invalid environment variables: we require 0 <= "
                  << kTestShardIndex << " < " << kTestTotalShards
                  << ", but you have " << kTestShardIndex << "=" << shard_index
                  << ", " << kTestTotalShards << "=" << total_shards << ".\n";
    ColoredPrintf(GTestColor::kRed, "%s", msg.GetString().c_str());
    fflush(stdout);
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  }

  return total_shards > 1;
}

// Parses the environment variable var as an Int32. If it is unset,
// returns default_val. If it is not an Int32, prints an error
// and aborts.
int32_t Int32FromEnvOrDie(const char* var, int32_t default_val) {
  const char* str_val = posix::GetEnv(var);
  if (str_val == nullptr) {
    return default_val;
  }

  int32_t result;
  if (!ParseInt32(Message() << "The value of environment variable " << var,
                  str_val, &result)) {
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  }
  return result;
}

// Given the total number of shards, the shard index, and the test id,
// returns true if and only if the test should be run on this shard. The test id
// is some arbitrary but unique non-negative integer assigned to each test
// method. Assumes that 0 <= shard_index < total_shards.
bool ShouldRunTestOnShard(int total_shards, int shard_index, int test_id) {
  return (test_id % total_shards) == shard_index;
}

// Compares the name of each test with the user-specified filter to
// decide whether the test should be run, then records the result in
// each TestSuite and TestInfo object.
// If shard_tests == true, further filters tests based on sharding
// variables in the environment - see
// https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/docs/advanced.md
// . Returns the number of tests that should run.
int UnitTestImpl::FilterTests(ReactionToSharding shard_tests) {
  const int32_t total_shards = shard_tests == HONOR_SHARDING_PROTOCOL
                                   ? Int32FromEnvOrDie(kTestTotalShards, -1)
                                   : -1;
  const int32_t shard_index = shard_tests == HONOR_SHARDING_PROTOCOL
                                  ? Int32FromEnvOrDie(kTestShardIndex, -1)
                                  : -1;

  const PositiveAndNegativeUnitTestFilter gtest_flag_filter(
      GTEST_FLAG_GET(filter));
  const UnitTestFilter disable_test_filter(kDisableTestFilter);
  // num_runnable_tests are the number of tests that will
  // run across all shards (i.e., match filter and are not disabled).
  // num_selected_tests are the number of tests to be run on
  // this shard.
  int num_runnable_tests = 0;
  int num_selected_tests = 0;
  for (auto* test_suite : test_suites_) {
    const std::string& test_suite_name = test_suite->name();
    test_suite->set_should_run(false);

    for (size_t j = 0; j < test_suite->test_info_list().size(); j++) {
      TestInfo* const test_info = test_suite->test_info_list()[j];
      const std::string test_name(test_info->name());
      // A test is disabled if test suite name or test name matches
      // kDisableTestFilter.
      const bool is_disabled =
          disable_test_filter.MatchesName(test_suite_name) ||
          disable_test_filter.MatchesName(test_name);
      test_info->is_disabled_ = is_disabled;

      const bool matches_filter =
          gtest_flag_filter.MatchesTest(test_suite_name, test_name);
      test_info->matches_filter_ = matches_filter;

      const bool is_runnable =
          (GTEST_FLAG_GET(also_run_disabled_tests) || !is_disabled) &&
          matches_filter;

      const bool is_in_another_shard =
          shard_tests != IGNORE_SHARDING_PROTOCOL &&
          !ShouldRunTestOnShard(total_shards, shard_index, num_runnable_tests);
      test_info->is_in_another_shard_ = is_in_another_shard;
      const bool is_selected = is_runnable && !is_in_another_shard;

      num_runnable_tests += is_runnable;
      num_selected_tests += is_selected;

      test_info->should_run_ = is_selected;
      test_suite->set_should_run(test_suite->should_run() || is_selected);
    }
  }
  return num_selected_tests;
}

// Prints the given C-string on a single line by replacing all '\n'
// characters with string "\\n".  If the output takes more than
// max_length characters, only prints the first max_length characters
// and "...".
static void PrintOnOneLine(const char* str, int max_length) {
  if (str != nullptr) {
    for (int i = 0; *str != '\0'; ++str) {
      if (i >= max_length) {
        printf("...");
        break;
      }
      if (*str == '\n') {
        printf("\\n");
        i += 2;
      } else {
        printf("%c", *str);
        ++i;
      }
    }
  }
}

// Prints the names of the tests matching the user-specified filter flag.
void UnitTestImpl::ListTestsMatchingFilter() {
  // Print at most this many characters for each type/value parameter.
  const int kMaxParamLength = 250;

  for (auto* test_suite : test_suites_) {
    bool printed_test_suite_name = false;

    for (size_t j = 0; j < test_suite->test_info_list().size(); j++) {
      const TestInfo* const test_info = test_suite->test_info_list()[j];
      if (test_info->matches_filter_) {
        if (!printed_test_suite_name) {
          printed_test_suite_name = true;
          printf("%s.", test_suite->name());
          if (test_suite->type_param() != nullptr) {
            printf("  # %s = ", kTypeParamLabel);
            // We print the type parameter on a single line to make
            // the output easy to parse by a program.
            PrintOnOneLine(test_suite->type_param(), kMaxParamLength);
          }
          printf("\n");
        }
        printf("  %s", test_info->name());
        if (test_info->value_param() != nullptr) {
          printf("  # %s = ", kValueParamLabel);
          // We print the value parameter on a single line to make the
          // output easy to parse by a program.
          PrintOnOneLine(test_info->value_param(), kMaxParamLength);
        }
        printf("\n");
      }
    }
  }
  fflush(stdout);
  const std::string& output_format = UnitTestOptions::GetOutputFormat();
  if (output_format == "xml" || output_format == "json") {
    FILE* fileout = OpenFileForWriting(
        UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str());
    std::stringstream stream;
    if (output_format == "xml") {
      XmlUnitTestResultPrinter(
          UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str())
          .PrintXmlTestsList(&stream, test_suites_);
    } else if (output_format == "json") {
      JsonUnitTestResultPrinter(
          UnitTestOptions::GetAbsolutePathToOutputFile().c_str())
          .PrintJsonTestList(&stream, test_suites_);
    }
    fprintf(fileout, "%s", StringStreamToString(&stream).c_str());
    fclose(fileout);
  }
}

// Sets the OS stack trace getter.
//
// Does nothing if the input and the current OS stack trace getter are
// the same; otherwise, deletes the old getter and makes the input the
// current getter.
void UnitTestImpl::set_os_stack_trace_getter(
    OsStackTraceGetterInterface* getter) {
  if (os_stack_trace_getter_ != getter) {
    delete os_stack_trace_getter_;
    os_stack_trace_getter_ = getter;
  }
}

// Returns the current OS stack trace getter if it is not NULL;
// otherwise, creates an OsStackTraceGetter, makes it the current
// getter, and returns it.
OsStackTraceGetterInterface* UnitTestImpl::os_stack_trace_getter() {
  if (os_stack_trace_getter_ == nullptr) {
#ifdef GTEST_OS_STACK_TRACE_GETTER_
    os_stack_trace_getter_ = new GTEST_OS_STACK_TRACE_GETTER_;
#else
    os_stack_trace_getter_ = new OsStackTraceGetter;
#endif  // GTEST_OS_STACK_TRACE_GETTER_
  }

  return os_stack_trace_getter_;
}

// Returns the most specific TestResult currently running.
TestResult* UnitTestImpl::current_test_result() {
  if (current_test_info_ != nullptr) {
    return &current_test_info_->result_;
  }
  if (current_test_suite_ != nullptr) {
    return &current_test_suite_->ad_hoc_test_result_;
  }
  return &ad_hoc_test_result_;
}

// Shuffles all test suites, and the tests within each test suite,
// making sure that death tests are still run first.
void UnitTestImpl::ShuffleTests() {
  // Shuffles the death test suites.
  ShuffleRange(random(), 0, last_death_test_suite_ + 1, &test_suite_indices_);

  // Shuffles the non-death test suites.
  ShuffleRange(random(), last_death_test_suite_ + 1,
               static_cast<int>(test_suites_.size()), &test_suite_indices_);

  // Shuffles the tests inside each test suite.
  for (auto& test_suite : test_suites_) {
    test_suite->ShuffleTests(random());
  }
}

// Restores the test suites and tests to their order before the first shuffle.
void UnitTestImpl::UnshuffleTests() {
  for (size_t i = 0; i < test_suites_.size(); i++) {
    // Unshuffles the tests in each test suite.
    test_suites_[i]->UnshuffleTests();
    // Resets the index of each test suite.
    test_suite_indices_[i] = static_cast<int>(i);
  }
}

// Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.
//
// The maximum number of stack frames to be included is specified by
// the gtest_stack_trace_depth flag.  The skip_count parameter
// specifies the number of top frames to be skipped, which doesn't
// count against the number of frames to be included.
//
// For example, if Foo() calls Bar(), which in turn calls
// GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(..., 1), Foo() will be included in
// the trace but Bar() and GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop() won't.
GTEST_NO_INLINE_ GTEST_NO_TAIL_CALL_ std::string
GetCurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(UnitTest* /*unit_test*/, int skip_count) {
  // We pass skip_count + 1 to skip this wrapper function in addition
  // to what the user really wants to skip.
  return GetUnitTestImpl()->CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(skip_count + 1);
}

// Used by the GTEST_SUPPRESS_UNREACHABLE_CODE_WARNING_BELOW_ macro to
// suppress unreachable code warnings.
namespace {
class ClassUniqueToAlwaysTrue {};
}  // namespace

bool IsTrue(bool condition) { return condition; }

bool AlwaysTrue() {
#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
  // This condition is always false so AlwaysTrue() never actually throws,
  // but it makes the compiler think that it may throw.
  if (IsTrue(false)) throw ClassUniqueToAlwaysTrue();
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
  return true;
}

// If *pstr starts with the given prefix, modifies *pstr to be right
// past the prefix and returns true; otherwise leaves *pstr unchanged
// and returns false.  None of pstr, *pstr, and prefix can be NULL.
bool SkipPrefix(const char* prefix, const char** pstr) {
  const size_t prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
  if (strncmp(*pstr, prefix, prefix_len) == 0) {
    *pstr += prefix_len;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

// Parses a string as a command line flag.  The string should have
// the format "--flag=value".  When def_optional is true, the "=value"
// part can be omitted.
//
// Returns the value of the flag, or NULL if the parsing failed.
static const char* ParseFlagValue(const char* str, const char* flag_name,
                                  bool def_optional) {
  // str and flag must not be NULL.
  if (str == nullptr || flag_name == nullptr) return nullptr;

  // The flag must start with "--" followed by GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_.
  const std::string flag_str =
      std::string("--") + GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ + flag_name;
  const size_t flag_len = flag_str.length();
  if (strncmp(str, flag_str.c_str(), flag_len) != 0) return nullptr;

  // Skips the flag name.
  const char* flag_end = str + flag_len;

  // When def_optional is true, it's OK to not have a "=value" part.
  if (def_optional && (flag_end[0] == '\0')) {
    return flag_end;
  }

  // If def_optional is true and there are more characters after the
  // flag name, or if def_optional is false, there must be a '=' after
  // the flag name.
  if (flag_end[0] != '=') return nullptr;

  // Returns the string after "=".
  return flag_end + 1;
}

// Parses a string for a bool flag, in the form of either
// "--flag=value" or "--flag".
//
// In the former case, the value is taken as true as long as it does
// not start with '0', 'f', or 'F'.
//
// In the latter case, the value is taken as true.
//
// On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
// true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
static bool ParseFlag(const char* str, const char* flag_name, bool* value) {
  // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
  const char* const value_str = ParseFlagValue(str, flag_name, true);

  // Aborts if the parsing failed.
  if (value_str == nullptr) return false;

  // Converts the string value to a bool.
  *value = !(*value_str == '0' || *value_str == 'f' || *value_str == 'F');
  return true;
}

// Parses a string for an int32_t flag, in the form of "--flag=value".
//
// On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
// true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
bool ParseFlag(const char* str, const char* flag_name, int32_t* value) {
  // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
  const char* const value_str = ParseFlagValue(str, flag_name, false);

  // Aborts if the parsing failed.
  if (value_str == nullptr) return false;

  // Sets *value to the value of the flag.
  return ParseInt32(Message() << "The value of flag --" << flag_name, value_str,
                    value);
}

// Parses a string for a string flag, in the form of "--flag=value".
//
// On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
// true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
template <typename String>
static bool ParseFlag(const char* str, const char* flag_name, String* value) {
  // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
  const char* const value_str = ParseFlagValue(str, flag_name, false);

  // Aborts if the parsing failed.
  if (value_str == nullptr) return false;

  // Sets *value to the value of the flag.
  *value = value_str;
  return true;
}

// Determines whether a string has a prefix that Google Test uses for its
// flags, i.e., starts with GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ or GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_DASH_.
// If Google Test detects that a command line flag has its prefix but is not
// recognized, it will print its help message. Flags starting with
// GTEST_INTERNAL_PREFIX_ followed by "internal_" are considered Google Test
// internal flags and do not trigger the help message.
static bool HasGoogleTestFlagPrefix(const char* str) {
  return (SkipPrefix("--", &str) || SkipPrefix("-", &str) ||
          SkipPrefix("/", &str)) &&
         !SkipPrefix(GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "internal_", &str) &&
         (SkipPrefix(GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_, &str) ||
          SkipPrefix(GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_DASH_, &str));
}

// Prints a string containing code-encoded text.  The following escape
// sequences can be used in the string to control the text color:
//
//   @@    prints a single '@' character.
//   @R    changes the color to red.
//   @G    changes the color to green.
//   @Y    changes the color to yellow.
//   @D    changes to the default terminal text color.
//
static void PrintColorEncoded(const char* str) {
  GTestColor color = GTestColor::kDefault;  // The current color.

  // Conceptually, we split the string into segments divided by escape
  // sequences.  Then we print one segment at a time.  At the end of
  // each iteration, the str pointer advances to the beginning of the
  // next segment.
  for (;;) {
    const char* p = strchr(str, '@');
    if (p == nullptr) {
      ColoredPrintf(color, "%s", str);
      return;
    }

    ColoredPrintf(color, "%s", std::string(str, p).c_str());

    const char ch = p[1];
    str = p + 2;
    if (ch == '@') {
      ColoredPrintf(color, "@");
    } else if (ch == 'D') {
      color = GTestColor::kDefault;
    } else if (ch == 'R') {
      color = GTestColor::kRed;
    } else if (ch == 'G') {
      color = GTestColor::kGreen;
    } else if (ch == 'Y') {
      color = GTestColor::kYellow;
    } else {
      --str;
    }
  }
}

static const char kColorEncodedHelpMessage[] =
    "This program contains tests written using " GTEST_NAME_
    ". You can use the\n"
    "following command line flags to control its behavior:\n"
    "\n"
    "Test Selection:\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "list_tests@D\n"
    "      List the names of all tests instead of running them. The name of\n"
    "      TEST(Foo, Bar) is \"Foo.Bar\".\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "filter=@YPOSITIVE_PATTERNS"
    "[@G-@YNEGATIVE_PATTERNS]@D\n"
    "      Run only the tests whose name matches one of the positive patterns "
    "but\n"
    "      none of the negative patterns. '?' matches any single character; "
    "'*'\n"
    "      matches any substring; ':' separates two patterns.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "also_run_disabled_tests@D\n"
    "      Run all disabled tests too.\n"
    "\n"
    "Test Execution:\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "repeat=@Y[COUNT]@D\n"
    "      Run the tests repeatedly; use a negative count to repeat forever.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "shuffle@D\n"
    "      Randomize tests' orders on every iteration.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "random_seed=@Y[NUMBER]@D\n"
    "      Random number seed to use for shuffling test orders (between 1 and\n"
    "      99999, or 0 to use a seed based on the current time).\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "recreate_environments_when_repeating@D\n"
    "      Sets up and tears down the global test environment on each repeat\n"
    "      of the test.\n"
    "\n"
    "Test Output:\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "color=@Y(@Gyes@Y|@Gno@Y|@Gauto@Y)@D\n"
    "      Enable/disable colored output. The default is @Gauto@D.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "brief=1@D\n"
    "      Only print test failures.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "print_time=0@D\n"
    "      Don't print the elapsed time of each test.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "output=@Y(@Gjson@Y|@Gxml@Y)[@G:@YDIRECTORY_PATH@G" GTEST_PATH_SEP_
    "@Y|@G:@YFILE_PATH]@D\n"
    "      Generate a JSON or XML report in the given directory or with the "
    "given\n"
    "      file name. @YFILE_PATH@D defaults to @Gtest_detail.xml@D.\n"
#if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "stream_result_to=@YHOST@G:@YPORT@D\n"
    "      Stream test results to the given server.\n"
#endif  // GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
    "\n"
    "Assertion Behavior:\n"
#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "death_test_style=@Y(@Gfast@Y|@Gthreadsafe@Y)@D\n"
    "      Set the default death test style.\n"
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "break_on_failure@D\n"
    "      Turn assertion failures into debugger break-points.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "throw_on_failure@D\n"
    "      Turn assertion failures into C++ exceptions for use by an external\n"
    "      test framework.\n"
    "  @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "catch_exceptions=0@D\n"
    "      Do not report exceptions as test failures. Instead, allow them\n"
    "      to crash the program or throw a pop-up (on Windows).\n"
    "\n"
    "Except for @G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "list_tests@D, you can alternatively set "
    "the corresponding\n"
    "environment variable of a flag (all letters in upper-case). For example, "
    "to\n"
    "disable colored text output, you can either specify "
    "@G--" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_
    "color=no@D or set\n"
    "the @G" GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_UPPER_
    "COLOR@D environment variable to @Gno@D.\n"
    "\n"
    "For more information, please read the " GTEST_NAME_
    " documentation at\n"
    "@G" GTEST_PROJECT_URL_ "@D. If you find a bug in " GTEST_NAME_
    "\n"
    "(not one in your own code or tests), please report it to\n"
    "@G<" GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ ">@D.\n";

static bool ParseGoogleTestFlag(const char* const arg) {
#define GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(flag_name)  \
  do {                                        \
    auto value = GTEST_FLAG_GET(flag_name);   \
    if (ParseFlag(arg, #flag_name, &value)) { \
      GTEST_FLAG_SET(flag_name, value);       \
      return true;                            \
    }                                         \
  } while (false)

  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(also_run_disabled_tests);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(break_on_failure);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(catch_exceptions);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(color);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(death_test_style);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(death_test_use_fork);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(fail_fast);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(filter);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(internal_run_death_test);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(list_tests);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(output);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(brief);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(print_time);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(print_utf8);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(random_seed);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(repeat);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(recreate_environments_when_repeating);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(shuffle);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(stack_trace_depth);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(stream_result_to);
  GTEST_INTERNAL_PARSE_FLAG(throw_on_failure);
  return false;
}

#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
static void LoadFlagsFromFile(const std::string& path) {
  FILE* flagfile = posix::FOpen(path.c_str(), "r");
  if (!flagfile) {
    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Unable to open file \"" << GTEST_FLAG_GET(flagfile)
                      << "\"";
  }
  std::string contents(ReadEntireFile(flagfile));
  posix::FClose(flagfile);
  std::vector<std::string> lines;
  SplitString(contents, '\n', &lines);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < lines.size(); ++i) {
    if (lines[i].empty()) continue;
    if (!ParseGoogleTestFlag(lines[i].c_str())) g_help_flag = true;
  }
}
#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_

// Parses the command line for Google Test flags, without initializing
// other parts of Google Test.  The type parameter CharType can be
// instantiated to either char or wchar_t.
template <typename CharType>
void ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnlyImpl(int* argc, CharType** argv) {
  std::string flagfile_value;
  for (int i = 1; i < *argc; i++) {
    const std::string arg_string = StreamableToString(argv[i]);
    const char* const arg = arg_string.c_str();

    using internal::ParseFlag;

    bool remove_flag = false;
    if (ParseGoogleTestFlag(arg)) {
      remove_flag = true;
#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
    } else if (ParseFlag(arg, "flagfile", &flagfile_value)) {
      GTEST_FLAG_SET(flagfile, flagfile_value);
      LoadFlagsFromFile(flagfile_value);
      remove_flag = true;
#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
    } else if (arg_string == "--help" || HasGoogleTestFlagPrefix(arg)) {
      // Both help flag and unrecognized Google Test flags (excluding
      // internal ones) trigger help display.
      g_help_flag = true;
    }

    if (remove_flag) {
      // Shift the remainder of the argv list left by one.  Note
      // that argv has (*argc + 1) elements, the last one always being
      // NULL.  The following loop moves the trailing NULL element as
      // well.
      for (int j = i; j != *argc; j++) {
        argv[j] = argv[j + 1];
      }

      // Decrements the argument count.
      (*argc)--;

      // We also need to decrement the iterator as we just removed
      // an element.
      i--;
    }
  }

  if (g_help_flag) {
    // We print the help here instead of in RUN_ALL_TESTS(), as the
    // latter may not be called at all if the user is using Google
    // Test with another testing framework.
    PrintColorEncoded(kColorEncodedHelpMessage);
  }
}

// Parses the command line for Google Test flags, without initializing
// other parts of Google Test.
void ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(int* argc, char** argv) {
#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
  if (*argc > 0) {
    // absl::ParseCommandLine() requires *argc > 0.
    auto positional_args = absl::flags_internal::ParseCommandLineImpl(
        *argc, argv, absl::flags_internal::ArgvListAction::kRemoveParsedArgs,
        absl::flags_internal::UsageFlagsAction::kHandleUsage,
        absl::flags_internal::OnUndefinedFlag::kReportUndefined);
    // Any command-line positional arguments not part of any command-line flag
    // (or arguments to a flag) are copied back out to argv, with the program
    // invocation name at position 0, and argc is resized. This includes
    // positional arguments after the flag-terminating delimiter '--'.
    // See https://abseil.io/docs/cpp/guides/flags.
    std::copy(positional_args.begin(), positional_args.end(), argv);
    if (static_cast<int>(positional_args.size()) < *argc) {
      argv[positional_args.size()] = nullptr;
      *argc = static_cast<int>(positional_args.size());
    }
  }
#else
  ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnlyImpl(argc, argv);
#endif

  // Fix the value of *_NSGetArgc() on macOS, but if and only if
  // *_NSGetArgv() == argv
  // Only applicable to char** version of argv
#if GTEST_OS_MAC
#ifndef GTEST_OS_IOS
  if (*_NSGetArgv() == argv) {
    *_NSGetArgc() = *argc;
  }
#endif
#endif
}
void ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(int* argc, wchar_t** argv) {
  ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnlyImpl(argc, argv);
}

// The internal implementation of InitGoogleTest().
//
// The type parameter CharType can be instantiated to either char or
// wchar_t.
template <typename CharType>
void InitGoogleTestImpl(int* argc, CharType** argv) {
  // We don't want to run the initialization code twice.
  if (GTestIsInitialized()) return;

  if (*argc <= 0) return;

  g_argvs.clear();
  for (int i = 0; i != *argc; i++) {
    g_argvs.push_back(StreamableToString(argv[i]));
  }

#if GTEST_HAS_ABSL
  absl::InitializeSymbolizer(g_argvs[0].c_str());

  // When using the Abseil Flags library, set the program usage message to the
  // help message, but remove the color-encoding from the message first.
  absl::SetProgramUsageMessage(absl::StrReplaceAll(
      kColorEncodedHelpMessage,
      {{"@D", ""}, {"@R", ""}, {"@G", ""}, {"@Y", ""}, {"@@", "@"}}));
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL

  ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(argc, argv);
  GetUnitTestImpl()->PostFlagParsingInit();
}

}  // namespace internal

// Initializes Google Test.  This must be called before calling
// RUN_ALL_TESTS().  In particular, it parses a command line for the
// flags that Google Test recognizes.  Whenever a Google Test flag is
// seen, it is removed from argv, and *argc is decremented.
//
// No value is returned.  Instead, the Google Test flag variables are
// updated.
//
// Calling the function for the second time has no user-visible effect.
void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, char** argv) {
#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
  GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_(argc, argv);
#else   // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
  internal::InitGoogleTestImpl(argc, argv);
#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
}

// This overloaded version can be used in Windows programs compiled in
// UNICODE mode.
void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, wchar_t** argv) {
#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
  GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_(argc, argv);
#else   // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
  internal::InitGoogleTestImpl(argc, argv);
#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
}

// This overloaded version can be used on Arduino/embedded platforms where
// there is no argc/argv.
void InitGoogleTest() {
  // Since Arduino doesn't have a command line, fake out the argc/argv arguments
  int argc = 1;
  const auto arg0 = "dummy";
  char* argv0 = const_cast<char*>(arg0);
  char** argv = &argv0;

#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
  GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_(&argc, argv);
#else   // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
  internal::InitGoogleTestImpl(&argc, argv);
#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
}

#if !defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_)
// Return value of first environment variable that is set and contains
// a non-empty string. If there are none, return the "fallback" string.
// Since we like the temporary directory to have a directory separator suffix,
// add it if not provided in the environment variable value.
static std::string GetTempDirFromEnv(
    std::initializer_list<const char*> environment_variables,
    const char* fallback, char separator) {
  for (const char* variable_name : environment_variables) {
    const char* value = internal::posix::GetEnv(variable_name);
    if (value != nullptr && value[0] != '\0') {
      if (value[strlen(value) - 1] != separator) {
        return std::string(value).append(1, separator);
      }
      return value;
    }
  }
  return fallback;
}
#endif

std::string TempDir() {
#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_)
  return GTEST_CUSTOM_TEMPDIR_FUNCTION_();
#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
  return GetTempDirFromEnv({"TEST_TMPDIR", "TEMP"}, "\\temp\\", '\\');
#elif GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
  return GetTempDirFromEnv({"TEST_TMPDIR", "TMPDIR"}, "/data/local/tmp/", '/');
#else
  return GetTempDirFromEnv({"TEST_TMPDIR", "TMPDIR"}, "/tmp/", '/');
#endif
}

// Class ScopedTrace

// Pushes the given source file location and message onto a per-thread
// trace stack maintained by Google Test.
void ScopedTrace::PushTrace(const char* file, int line, std::string message) {
  internal::TraceInfo trace;
  trace.file = file;
  trace.line = line;
  trace.message.swap(message);

  UnitTest::GetInstance()->PushGTestTrace(trace);
}

// Pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
ScopedTrace::~ScopedTrace() GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(&UnitTest::mutex_) {
  UnitTest::GetInstance()->PopGTestTrace();
}

}  // namespace testing


================================================
FILE: test/gtest/src/gtest_main.cc
================================================
// Copyright 2006, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#include <cstdio>

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

#if GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_ESP32
#if GTEST_OS_ESP8266
extern "C" {
#endif
void setup() { testing::InitGoogleTest(); }

void loop() { RUN_ALL_TESTS(); }

#if GTEST_OS_ESP8266
}
#endif

#else

GTEST_API_ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  printf("Running main() from %s\n", __FILE__);
  testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
  return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
#endif


================================================
FILE: test/include_httplib.cc
================================================
// The sole purpose of this file is to include httplib.h in a separate
// compilation unit, thus verifying that inline keywords have not been forgotten
// when linked together with test.cc.

#include <httplib.h>


================================================
FILE: test/include_windows_h.cc
================================================
// Test if including windows.h conflicts with httplib.h

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>

#include <httplib.h>


================================================
FILE: test/lsan_suppressions.txt
================================================
# OpenSSL 3.x internal caches (provider, cipher, keymgmt) are allocated
# lazily and intentionally kept until process exit. These are not real leaks.
leak:libcrypto


================================================
FILE: test/make-shared-library.sh
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env bash
if [ "$#" -ne 1 ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 build_dir"
    exit 1
fi

BUILD_DIR=$1

# Make the build directory
rm -rf $BUILD_DIR
mkdir -p $BUILD_DIR/out

cd $BUILD_DIR

# Build the version
git checkout $BUILD_DIR -q

cmake \
  -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
  -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-g -Og" \
  -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON \
  -DHTTPLIB_COMPILE=ON \
  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=./out \
  ../..

cmake --build . --target install
cmake --build . --target clean



================================================
FILE: test/meson.build
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

gtest_dep = dependency('gtest', main: true)
libcurl_dep = dependency('libcurl')
openssl = find_program('openssl')
test_conf = files('test.conf')
req_x509_flag = openssl.version().version_compare('>=3.2.0') ? '-x509v1' : '-x509'

key_pem = custom_target(
  'key_pem',
  output: 'key.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
)

temp_req = custom_target(
  'temp_req',
  input: key_pem,
  output: 'temp_req',
  command: [openssl, 'req', '-new', '-batch', '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
)

cert_pem = custom_target(
  'cert_pem',
  input: [temp_req, key_pem],
  output: 'cert.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'x509', '-in', '@INPUT0@', '-days', '3650', '-req', '-signkey', '@INPUT1@', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
)

cert2_pem = custom_target(
  'cert2_pem',
  input: key_pem,
  output: 'cert2.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'req', req_x509_flag, '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-sha256', '-days', '3650', '-nodes', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '-extensions', 'SAN']
)

key_encrypted_pem = custom_target(
  'key_encrypted_pem',
  output: 'key_encrypted.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-passout', 'pass:test123!', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
)

cert_encrypted_pem = custom_target(
  'cert_encrypted_pem',
  input: key_encrypted_pem,
  output: 'cert_encrypted.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'req', req_x509_flag, '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-sha256', '-days', '3650', '-nodes', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '-extensions', 'SAN']
)

rootca_key_pem = custom_target(
  'rootca_key_pem',
  output: 'rootCA.key.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
)

rootca_cert_pem = custom_target(
  'rootca_cert_pem',
  input: rootca_key_pem,
  output: 'rootCA.cert.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'req', req_x509_flag, '-new', '-batch', '-config', files('test.rootCA.conf'), '-key', '@INPUT@', '-days', '1024', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
)

client_key_pem = custom_target(
  'client_key_pem',
  output: 'client.key.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
)

client_temp_req = custom_target(
  'client_temp_req',
  input: client_key_pem,
  output: 'client_temp_req',
  command: [openssl, 'req', '-new', '-batch', '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
)

client_cert_pem = custom_target(
  'client_cert_pem',
  input: [client_temp_req, rootca_cert_pem, rootca_key_pem],
  output: 'client.cert.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'x509', '-in', '@INPUT0@', '-days', '370', '-req', '-CA', '@INPUT1@', '-CAkey', '@INPUT2@', '-CAcreateserial', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
)

client_encrypted_key_pem = custom_target(
  'client_encrypted_key_pem',
  output: 'client_encrypted.key.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'genrsa', '-aes256', '-passout', 'pass:test012!', '-out', '@OUTPUT@', '2048']
)

client_encrypted_temp_req = custom_target(
  'client_encrypted_temp_req',
  input: client_encrypted_key_pem,
  output: 'client_encrypted_temp_req',
  command: [openssl, 'req', '-new', '-batch', '-config', test_conf, '-key', '@INPUT@', '-passin', 'pass:test012!', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
)

client_encrypted_cert_pem = custom_target(
  'client_encrypted_cert_pem',
  input: [client_encrypted_temp_req, rootca_cert_pem, rootca_key_pem],
  output: 'client_encrypted.cert.pem',
  command: [openssl, 'x509', '-in', '@INPUT0@', '-days', '370', '-req', '-CA', '@INPUT1@', '-CAkey', '@INPUT2@', '-CAcreateserial', '-out', '@OUTPUT@']
)

# Copy test files to the build directory
configure_file(input: 'ca-bundle.crt', output: 'ca-bundle.crt', copy: true)
configure_file(input: 'image.jpg',     output: 'image.jpg',     copy: true)
subdir('www')
subdir('www2'/'dir')
subdir('www3'/'dir')

# New GoogleTest versions require new C++ standards
test_options = []
if gtest_dep.version().version_compare('>=1.17.0')
  test_options += 'cpp_std=c++17'
elif gtest_dep.version().version_compare('>=1.13.0')
  test_options += 'cpp_std=c++14'
endif

test(
  'main',
  executable(
    'main',
    'test.cc',
    dependencies: [
      cpp_httplib_dep,
      gtest_dep,
      libcurl_dep
    ],
    override_options: test_options
  ),
  depends: [
    key_pem,
    cert_pem,
    cert2_pem,
    key_encrypted_pem,
    cert_encrypted_pem,
    rootca_key_pem,
    rootca_cert_pem,
    client_key_pem,
    client_cert_pem,
    client_encrypted_key_pem,
    client_encrypted_cert_pem
  ],
  workdir: meson.current_build_dir(),
  timeout: 300
)


================================================
FILE: test/proxy/Dockerfile
================================================
FROM alpine:latest

ARG auth="basic"
ARG port="3128"

RUN apk update && apk add --no-cache squid

COPY ./${auth}_squid.conf /etc/squid/squid.conf
COPY ./${auth}_passwd /etc/squid/passwd

EXPOSE ${port}

CMD ["/usr/sbin/squid", "-N"]


================================================
FILE: test/proxy/basic_passwd
================================================
hello:$apr1$O6S28OBL$8dr3ixl4Mohf97hgsYvLy/


================================================
FILE: test/proxy/basic_squid.conf
================================================
#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
acl localnet src 0.0.0.1-0.255.255.255	# RFC 1122 "this" network (LAN)
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8		# RFC 1918 local private network (LAN)
acl localnet src 100.64.0.0/10		# RFC 6598 shared address space (CGN)
acl localnet src 169.254.0.0/16 	# RFC 3927 link-local (directly plugged) machines
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12		# RFC 1918 local private network (LAN)
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16		# RFC 1918 local private network (LAN)
acl localnet src fc00::/7       	# RFC 4193 local private network range
acl localnet src fe80::/10      	# RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines

acl SSL_ports port 443
acl SSL_ports port 1025-65535
acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
acl CONNECT method CONNECT

auth_param basic program /usr/lib/squid/basic_ncsa_auth /etc/squid/passwd
auth_param basic realm proxy
acl authenticated proxy_auth REQUIRED
http_access allow authenticated

#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports

# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports

# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager

# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
#http_access deny to_localhost

#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
http_access allow localnet
http_access allow localhost

# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all

# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3128

# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256

# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid

#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320


================================================
FILE: test/proxy/digest_passwd
================================================
hello:world


================================================
FILE: test/proxy/digest_squid.conf
================================================
#
# Recommended minimum configuration:
#

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing
# should be allowed
acl localnet src 0.0.0.1-0.255.255.255	# RFC 1122 "this" network (LAN)
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8		# RFC 1918 local private network (LAN)
acl localnet src 100.64.0.0/10		# RFC 6598 shared address space (CGN)
acl localnet src 169.254.0.0/16 	# RFC 3927 link-local (directly plugged) machines
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12		# RFC 1918 local private network (LAN)
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16		# RFC 1918 local private network (LAN)
acl localnet src fc00::/7       	# RFC 4193 local private network range
acl localnet src fe80::/10      	# RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines

acl SSL_ports port 443
acl SSL_ports port 1025-65535
acl Safe_ports port 80		# http
acl Safe_ports port 21		# ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443		# https
acl Safe_ports port 70		# gopher
acl Safe_ports port 210		# wais
acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535	# unregistered ports
acl Safe_ports port 280		# http-mgmt
acl Safe_ports port 488		# gss-http
acl Safe_ports port 591		# filemaker
acl Safe_ports port 777		# multiling http
acl CONNECT method CONNECT

auth_param digest program /usr/lib/squid/digest_file_auth /etc/squid/passwd
auth_param digest realm proxy
acl authenticated proxy_auth REQUIRED
http_access allow authenticated

#
# Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration:
#
# Deny requests to certain unsafe ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports

# Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports

# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost
http_access allow localhost manager
http_access deny manager

# We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent
# web applications running on the proxy server who think the only
# one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user
#http_access deny to_localhost

#
# INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS
#

# Example rule allowing access from your local networks.
# Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks
# from where browsing should be allowed
http_access allow localnet
http_access allow localhost

# And finally deny all other access to this proxy
http_access deny all

# Squid normally listens to port 3128
http_port 3129

# Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory.
#cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256

# Leave coredumps in the first cache dir
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid

#
# Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these.
#
refresh_pattern ^ftp:		1440	20%	10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:	1440	0%	1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0	0%	0
refresh_pattern .		0	20%	4320


================================================
FILE: test/proxy/docker-compose.ci.yml
================================================
services:
  squid_basic:
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"

  squid_digest:
    extra_hosts:
      - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"


================================================
FILE: test/proxy/docker-compose.yml
================================================
services:
  squid_basic:
    image: squid_basic
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "3128:3128"
    build:
      context: ./
      args:
        auth: basic

  squid_digest:
    image: squid_digest
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "3129:3129"
    build:
      context: ./
      args:
        auth: digest


================================================
FILE: test/test.cc
================================================
// NOTE: This file should be saved as UTF-8 w/ BOM
#include <httplib.h>
#include <signal.h>

#ifndef _WIN32
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ctime>
#include <curl/curl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <cstdio>
#include <fstream>
#include <future>
#include <limits>
#include <memory>
#include <sstream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <thread>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>

#if __cplusplus >= 202002L
inline std::string u8_to_string(const char8_t *s) {
  return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(s));
}
#define U8(x) u8_to_string(u8##x)
#else
#define U8(x) u8##x
#endif

#define SERVER_CERT_FILE "./cert.pem"
#define SERVER_CERT2_FILE "./cert2.pem"
#define SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE "./key.pem"
#define CA_CERT_FILE "./ca-bundle.crt"
#define CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE "./rootCA.cert.pem"
#define CLIENT_CA_CERT_DIR "."
#define CLIENT_CERT_FILE "./client.cert.pem"
#define CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE "./client.key.pem"
#define CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_CERT_FILE "./client_encrypted.cert.pem"
#define CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE "./client_encrypted.key.pem"
#define CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_PASS "test012!"
#define SERVER_ENCRYPTED_CERT_FILE "./cert_encrypted.pem"
#define SERVER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE "./key_encrypted.pem"
#define SERVER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_PASS "test123!"

using namespace std;
using namespace httplib;

const char *HOST = "localhost";

static int get_base_port() {
  const char *shard = getenv("GTEST_SHARD_INDEX");
  return shard ? 11234 + std::atoi(shard) * 100 : 1234;
}

// NOTE: PORT is only for legacy fixtures (ServerTest, etc.).
// New standalone tests MUST use svr.bind_to_any_port() instead.
const int PORT = get_base_port();

const string LONG_QUERY_VALUE = string(25000, '@');
const string LONG_QUERY_URL = "/long-query-value?key=" + LONG_QUERY_VALUE;

const string TOO_LONG_QUERY_VALUE = string(35000, '@');
const string TOO_LONG_QUERY_URL =
    "/too-long-query-value?key=" + TOO_LONG_QUERY_VALUE;

const std::string JSON_DATA = "{\"hello\":\"world\"}";

const string LARGE_DATA = string(1024 * 1024 * 100, '@'); // 100MB

FormData &get_file_value(std::vector<FormData> &items, const char *key) {
  auto it = std::find_if(items.begin(), items.end(), [&](const FormData &file) {
    return file.name == key;
  });
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  return *it;
#else
  if (it != items.end()) { return *it; }
  throw std::runtime_error("invalid multipart form data name error");
#endif
}

static void read_file(const std::string &path, std::string &out) {
  std::ifstream fs(path, std::ios_base::binary);
  if (!fs) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
    return;
#else
    throw std::runtime_error("File not found: " + path);
#endif
  }
  fs.seekg(0, std::ios_base::end);
  auto size = fs.tellg();
  fs.seekg(0);
  out.resize(static_cast<size_t>(size));
  fs.read(&out[0], static_cast<std::streamsize>(size));
}

class UnixSocketTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void TearDown() override { std::remove(pathname_.c_str()); }

  void client_GET(const std::string &addr) {
    httplib::Client cli{addr};
    cli.set_address_family(AF_UNIX);
    ASSERT_TRUE(cli.is_valid());

    const auto &result = cli.Get(pattern_);
    ASSERT_TRUE(result) << "error: " << result.error();

    const auto &resp = result.value();
    EXPECT_EQ(resp.status, StatusCode::OK_200);
    EXPECT_EQ(resp.body, content_);
  }

  static std::string make_sock_path() {
    const char *shard = getenv("GTEST_SHARD_INDEX");
    return shard ? std::string("./httplib-server-") + shard + ".sock"
                 : "./httplib-server.sock";
  }
  const std::string pathname_{make_sock_path()};
  const std::string pattern_{"/hi"};
  const std::string content_{"Hello World!"};
};

TEST_F(UnixSocketTest, pathname) {
  httplib::Server svr;
  svr.Get(pattern_, [&](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content(content_, "text/plain");
  });

  std::thread t{[&] {
    ASSERT_TRUE(svr.set_address_family(AF_UNIX).listen(pathname_, 80));
  }};
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_running());

  client_GET(pathname_);
}

#if defined(__linux__) ||                                                      \
    /* __APPLE__ */ (defined(SOL_LOCAL) && defined(SO_PEERPID))
TEST_F(UnixSocketTest, PeerPid) {
  httplib::Server svr;
  std::string remote_port_val;
  svr.Get(pattern_, [&](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content(content_, "text/plain");
    remote_port_val = std::to_string(req.remote_port);
  });

  std::thread t{[&] {
    ASSERT_TRUE(svr.set_address_family(AF_UNIX).listen(pathname_, 80));
  }};
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_running());

  client_GET(pathname_);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::to_string(getpid()), remote_port_val);
}
#endif

#ifdef __linux__
TEST_F(UnixSocketTest, abstract) {
  constexpr char svr_path[]{"\x00httplib-server.sock"};
  const std::string abstract_addr{svr_path, sizeof(svr_path) - 1};

  httplib::Server svr;
  svr.Get(pattern_, [&](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content(content_, "text/plain");
  });

  std::thread t{[&] {
    ASSERT_TRUE(svr.set_address_family(AF_UNIX).listen(abstract_addr, 80));
  }};
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_running());

  client_GET(abstract_addr);
}
#endif

TEST_F(UnixSocketTest, HostHeaderAutoSet) {
  httplib::Server svr;
  std::string received_host_header;

  svr.Get(pattern_, [&](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
    // Capture the Host header sent by the client
    auto host_iter = req.headers.find("Host");
    if (host_iter != req.headers.end()) {
      received_host_header = host_iter->second;
    }
    res.set_content(content_, "text/plain");
  });

  std::thread t{[&] {
    ASSERT_TRUE(svr.set_address_family(AF_UNIX).listen(pathname_, 80));
  }};
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_running());

  // Test that Host header is automatically set to "localhost" for Unix socket
  // connections
  httplib::Client cli{pathname_};
  cli.set_address_family(AF_UNIX);
  ASSERT_TRUE(cli.is_valid());

  const auto &result = cli.Get(pattern_);
  ASSERT_TRUE(result) << "error: " << result.error();

  const auto &resp = result.value();
  EXPECT_EQ(resp.status, StatusCode::OK_200);
  EXPECT_EQ(resp.body, content_);

  // Verify that Host header was automatically set to "localhost"
  EXPECT_EQ(received_host_header, "localhost");
}

#ifndef _WIN32
TEST(SocketStream, wait_writable_UNIX) {
  int fds[2];
  ASSERT_EQ(0, socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fds));

  const auto asSocketStream = [&](socket_t fd,
                                  std::function<bool(Stream &)> func) {
    return detail::process_client_socket(
        fd, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min(), func);
  };
  asSocketStream(fds[0], [&](Stream &s0) {
    EXPECT_EQ(s0.socket(), fds[0]);
    EXPECT_TRUE(s0.wait_writable());
    EXPECT_TRUE(s0.is_peer_alive());

    EXPECT_EQ(0, close(fds[1]));
    EXPECT_FALSE(s0.is_peer_alive());

    return true;
  });
  EXPECT_EQ(0, close(fds[0]));
}

TEST(SocketStream, wait_writable_INET) {
  sockaddr_in addr;
  memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
  addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 1);
  addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);

  int disconnected_svr_sock = -1;
  std::thread svr{[&] {
    const int s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    ASSERT_LE(0, s);
    ASSERT_EQ(0, ::bind(s, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr)));
    ASSERT_EQ(0, listen(s, 1));
    ASSERT_LE(0, disconnected_svr_sock = accept(s, nullptr, nullptr));
    ASSERT_EQ(0, close(s));
  }};
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  std::thread cli{[&] {
    const int s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    ASSERT_LE(0, s);
    ASSERT_EQ(0, connect(s, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr)));
    ASSERT_EQ(0, close(s));
  }};
  cli.join();
  svr.join();
  ASSERT_NE(disconnected_svr_sock, -1);

  const auto asSocketStream = [&](socket_t fd,
                                  std::function<bool(Stream &)> func) {
    return detail::process_client_socket(
        fd, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min(), func);
  };
  asSocketStream(disconnected_svr_sock, [&](Stream &ss) {
    EXPECT_EQ(ss.socket(), disconnected_svr_sock);
    // wait_writable() returns true because select_write() only checks if the
    // send buffer has space. Peer disconnection is detected later by send().
    EXPECT_TRUE(ss.wait_writable());

    return true;
  });

  ASSERT_EQ(0, close(disconnected_svr_sock));
}
#endif // #ifndef _WIN32

TEST(ClientTest, MoveConstructible) {
  EXPECT_FALSE(std::is_copy_constructible<Client>::value);
  EXPECT_TRUE(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<Client>::value);
}

TEST(ClientTest, MoveAssignable) {
  EXPECT_FALSE(std::is_copy_assignable<Client>::value);
  EXPECT_TRUE(std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<Client>::value);
}

#ifdef _WIN32
TEST(StartupTest, WSAStartup) {
  WSADATA wsaData;
  int ret = WSAStartup(0x0002, &wsaData);
  ASSERT_EQ(0, ret);
}
#endif

TEST(DecodePathTest, PercentCharacter) {
  EXPECT_EQ(
      decode_path_component(
          R"(descrip=Gastos%20%C3%A1%C3%A9%C3%AD%C3%B3%C3%BA%C3%B1%C3%91%206)"),
      U8("descrip=Gastos áéíóúñÑ 6"));
}

TEST(DecodePathTest, PercentCharacterNUL) {
  string expected;
  expected.push_back('x');
  expected.push_back('\0');
  expected.push_back('x');

  EXPECT_EQ(decode_path_component("x%00x"), expected);
}

TEST(DecodePathTest, UnicodeEncoding) {
  // %u0041 = 'A' (1-byte UTF-8)
  EXPECT_EQ("A", decode_path_component("%u0041"));
  // %u00E9 = 'é' (2-byte UTF-8)
  EXPECT_EQ(U8("é"), decode_path_component("%u00E9"));
  // %u3042 = 'あ' (3-byte UTF-8)
  EXPECT_EQ(U8("あ"), decode_path_component("%u3042"));
  // %uFFFF = max 4-digit hex (3-byte UTF-8, must not overflow buff[4])
  EXPECT_FALSE(decode_path_component("%uFFFF").empty());
  // %uD800 = surrogate (invalid, silently dropped)
  EXPECT_EQ("", decode_path_component("%uD800"));
}

TEST(SanitizeFilenameTest, VariousPatterns) {
  // Path traversal
  EXPECT_EQ("passwd", httplib::sanitize_filename("../../../etc/passwd"));
  EXPECT_EQ("passwd", httplib::sanitize_filename("..\\..\\etc\\passwd"));
  EXPECT_EQ("file.txt", httplib::sanitize_filename("path/to\\..\\file.txt"));
  // Normal and edge cases
  EXPECT_EQ("photo.jpg", httplib::sanitize_filename("photo.jpg"));
  EXPECT_EQ("filename.txt",
            httplib::sanitize_filename("/path/to/filename.txt"));
  EXPECT_EQ(".gitignore", httplib::sanitize_filename(".gitignore"));
  EXPECT_EQ("", httplib::sanitize_filename(".."));
  EXPECT_EQ("", httplib::sanitize_filename(""));
  // Null bytes stripped
  EXPECT_EQ("safe.txt",
            httplib::sanitize_filename(std::string("safe\0.txt", 9)));
  // Whitespace-only rejected
  EXPECT_EQ("", httplib::sanitize_filename("   "));
}

TEST(EncodeQueryParamTest, ParseUnescapedChararactersTest) {
  string unescapedCharacters = "-_.!~*'()";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(unescapedCharacters), "-_.!~*'()");
}

TEST(EncodeQueryParamTest, ParseReservedCharactersTest) {
  string reservedCharacters = ";,/?:@&=+$";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(reservedCharacters),
            "%3B%2C%2F%3F%3A%40%26%3D%2B%24");
}

TEST(ClientQueryOrder, PreserveOrder) {
  // This test reproduces Issue #2259: client may reorder query parameters
  // when sending a GET request. The expected behavior is that the client
  // preserves the original query string order when the caller supplied it
  // as part of the path.
  Server svr;
  svr.Get("/", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    // Echo back the raw target so the test can assert ordering
    res.set_content(req.target, "text/plain");
  });

  std::thread t{[&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); }};
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  ASSERT_TRUE(cli.is_valid());

  const std::string original = "/?z=1&y=2&x=3&c=7&b=8&a=9";
  auto res = cli.Get(original);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);

  // Expect the echoed target to exactly match the original path (order
  // preserved)
  EXPECT_EQ(res->body, original);
}

TEST(EncodeQueryParamTest, TestUTF8Characters) {
  string chineseCharacters = U8("中国語");
  string russianCharacters = U8("дом");
  string brazilianCharacters = U8("óculos");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(chineseCharacters),
            "%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(russianCharacters),
            "%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(brazilianCharacters), "%C3%B3culos");
}

TEST(EncodeUriComponentTest, ParseUnescapedChararactersTest) {
  string unescapedCharacters = "-_.!~*'()";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(unescapedCharacters), "-_.!~*'()");
}

TEST(EncodeUriComponentTest, ParseReservedCharactersTest) {
  string reservedCharacters = ";,/?:@&=+$";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(reservedCharacters),
            "%3B%2C%2F%3F%3A%40%26%3D%2B%24");
}

TEST(EncodeUriComponentTest, TestUTF8Characters) {
  string chineseCharacters = U8("中国語");
  string russianCharacters = U8("дом");
  string brazilianCharacters = U8("óculos");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(chineseCharacters),
            "%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(russianCharacters),
            "%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(brazilianCharacters), "%C3%B3culos");
}

TEST(EncodeUriComponentTest, TestPathComponentEncoding) {
  // Issue #2082 use case: encoding path component with ampersand
  string pathWithAmpersand = "Piri Tommy Villiers - on & on";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri_component(pathWithAmpersand),
            "Piri%20Tommy%20Villiers%20-%20on%20%26%20on");
}

TEST(EncodeUriTest, ParseUnescapedChararactersTest) {
  string unescapedCharacters = "-_.!~*'()";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri(unescapedCharacters), "-_.!~*'()");
}

TEST(EncodeUriTest, ParseReservedCharactersTest) {
  string reservedCharacters = ";,/?:@&=+$#";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri(reservedCharacters), ";,/?:@&=+$#");
}

TEST(EncodeUriTest, TestUTF8Characters) {
  string chineseCharacters = U8("中国語");
  string russianCharacters = U8("дом");
  string brazilianCharacters = U8("óculos");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri(chineseCharacters),
            "%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri(russianCharacters), "%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC");

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri(brazilianCharacters), "%C3%B3culos");
}

TEST(EncodeUriTest, TestCompleteUri) {
  string uri =
      "https://example.com/path/to/resource?query=value&param=test#fragment";

  EXPECT_EQ(
      httplib::encode_uri(uri),
      "https://example.com/path/to/resource?query=value&param=test#fragment");
}

TEST(EncodeUriTest, TestUriWithSpacesAndSpecialChars) {
  string uri =
      "https://example.com/path with spaces/file name.html?q=hello world";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::encode_uri(uri),
            "https://example.com/path%20with%20spaces/"
            "file%20name.html?q=hello%20world");
}

TEST(DecodeUriComponentTest, ParseEncodedChararactersTest) {
  string encodedString = "%3B%2C%2F%3F%3A%40%26%3D%2B%24";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri_component(encodedString), ";,/?:@&=+$");
}

TEST(DecodeUriComponentTest, ParseUnescapedChararactersTest) {
  string unescapedCharacters = "-_.!~*'()";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri_component(unescapedCharacters), "-_.!~*'()");
}

TEST(DecodeUriComponentTest, TestUTF8Characters) {
  string encodedChinese = "%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E";
  string encodedRussian = "%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC";
  string encodedBrazilian = "%C3%B3culos";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri_component(encodedChinese), U8("中国語"));
  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri_component(encodedRussian), U8("дом"));
  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri_component(encodedBrazilian), U8("óculos"));
}

TEST(DecodeUriComponentTest, TestPathComponentDecoding) {
  string encodedPath = "Piri%20Tommy%20Villiers%20-%20on%20%26%20on";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri_component(encodedPath),
            "Piri Tommy Villiers - on & on");
}

TEST(DecodeUriTest, ParseEncodedChararactersTest) {
  string encodedString = "%20%22%3C%3E%5C%5E%60%7B%7D%7C";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri(encodedString), " \"<>\\^`{}|");
}

TEST(DecodeUriTest, ParseUnescapedChararactersTest) {
  string unescapedCharacters = "-_.!~*'();,/?:@&=+$#";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri(unescapedCharacters), "-_.!~*'();,/?:@&=+$#");
}

TEST(DecodeUriTest, TestUTF8Characters) {
  string encodedChinese = "%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E";
  string encodedRussian = "%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC";
  string encodedBrazilian = "%C3%B3culos";

  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri(encodedChinese), U8("中国語"));
  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri(encodedRussian), U8("дом"));
  EXPECT_EQ(httplib::decode_uri(encodedBrazilian), U8("óculos"));
}

TEST(DecodeUriTest, TestCompleteUri) {
  string encodedUri = "https://example.com/path%20with%20spaces/"
                      "file%20name.html?q=hello%20world";

  EXPECT_EQ(
      httplib::decode_uri(encodedUri),
      "https://example.com/path with spaces/file name.html?q=hello world");
}

TEST(DecodeUriTest, TestRoundTripWithEncodeUri) {
  string original =
      "https://example.com/path with spaces/file name.html?q=hello world";
  string encoded = httplib::encode_uri(original);
  string decoded = httplib::decode_uri(encoded);

  EXPECT_EQ(decoded, original);
}

TEST(DecodeUriComponentTest, TestRoundTripWithEncodeUriComponent) {
  string original = "Piri Tommy Villiers - on & on";
  string encoded = httplib::encode_uri_component(original);
  string decoded = httplib::decode_uri_component(encoded);

  EXPECT_EQ(decoded, original);
}

TEST(TrimTests, TrimStringTests) {
  EXPECT_EQ("abc", detail::trim_copy("abc"));
  EXPECT_EQ("abc", detail::trim_copy("  abc  "));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::trim_copy("").empty());
}

TEST(ParseAcceptHeaderTest, BasicAcceptParsing) {
  // Simple case without quality values
  std::vector<std::string> result1;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "text/html,application/json,text/plain", result1));
  EXPECT_EQ(result1.size(), 3U);
  EXPECT_EQ(result1[0], "text/html");
  EXPECT_EQ(result1[1], "application/json");
  EXPECT_EQ(result1[2], "text/plain");

  // With quality values
  std::vector<std::string> result2;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "text/html;q=0.9,application/json;q=1.0,text/plain;q=0.8", result2));
  EXPECT_EQ(result2.size(), 3U);
  EXPECT_EQ(result2[0], "application/json"); // highest q value
  EXPECT_EQ(result2[1], "text/html");
  EXPECT_EQ(result2[2], "text/plain"); // lowest q value
}

TEST(ParseAcceptHeaderTest, MixedQualityValues) {
  // Mixed with and without quality values
  std::vector<std::string> result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "text/html,application/json;q=0.5,text/plain;q=0.8", result));
  EXPECT_EQ(result.size(), 3U);
  EXPECT_EQ(result[0], "text/html");        // no q value means 1.0
  EXPECT_EQ(result[1], "text/plain");       // q=0.8
  EXPECT_EQ(result[2], "application/json"); // q=0.5
}

TEST(ParseAcceptHeaderTest, EdgeCases) {
  // Empty header
  std::vector<std::string> empty_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header("", empty_result));
  EXPECT_TRUE(empty_result.empty());

  // Single type
  std::vector<std::string> single_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header("application/json", single_result));
  EXPECT_EQ(single_result.size(), 1U);
  EXPECT_EQ(single_result[0], "application/json");

  // Wildcard types
  std::vector<std::string> wildcard_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "text/*;q=0.5,*/*;q=0.1,application/json", wildcard_result));
  EXPECT_EQ(wildcard_result.size(), 3U);
  EXPECT_EQ(wildcard_result[0], "application/json");
  EXPECT_EQ(wildcard_result[1], "text/*");
  EXPECT_EQ(wildcard_result[2], "*/*");
}

TEST(ParseAcceptHeaderTest, RealWorldExamples) {
  // Common browser Accept header
  std::vector<std::string> browser_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      detail::parse_accept_header("text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/"
                                  "xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8",
                                  browser_result));
  EXPECT_EQ(browser_result.size(), 6U);
  EXPECT_EQ(browser_result[0], "text/html");             // q=1.0 (default)
  EXPECT_EQ(browser_result[1], "application/xhtml+xml"); // q=1.0 (default)
  EXPECT_EQ(browser_result[2], "image/webp");            // q=1.0 (default)
  EXPECT_EQ(browser_result[3], "image/apng");            // q=1.0 (default)
  EXPECT_EQ(browser_result[4], "application/xml");       // q=0.9
  EXPECT_EQ(browser_result[5], "*/*");                   // q=0.8

  // API client header
  std::vector<std::string> api_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "application/json;q=0.9,application/xml;q=0.8,text/plain;q=0.1",
      api_result));
  EXPECT_EQ(api_result.size(), 3U);
  EXPECT_EQ(api_result[0], "application/json");
  EXPECT_EQ(api_result[1], "application/xml");
  EXPECT_EQ(api_result[2], "text/plain");
}

TEST(ParseAcceptHeaderTest, SpecialCases) {
  // Quality value with 3 decimal places
  std::vector<std::string> decimal_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "text/html;q=0.123,application/json;q=0.456", decimal_result));
  EXPECT_EQ(decimal_result.size(), 2U);
  EXPECT_EQ(decimal_result[0], "application/json"); // Higher q value
  EXPECT_EQ(decimal_result[1], "text/html");

  // Zero quality (should still be included but with lowest priority)
  std::vector<std::string> zero_q_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header("text/html;q=0,application/json;q=1",
                                          zero_q_result));
  EXPECT_EQ(zero_q_result.size(), 2U);
  EXPECT_EQ(zero_q_result[0], "application/json"); // q=1
  EXPECT_EQ(zero_q_result[1], "text/html");        // q=0

  // No spaces around commas
  std::vector<std::string> no_space_result;
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "text/html;q=0.9,application/json;q=0.8,text/plain;q=0.7",
      no_space_result));
  EXPECT_EQ(no_space_result.size(), 3U);
  EXPECT_EQ(no_space_result[0], "text/html");
  EXPECT_EQ(no_space_result[1], "application/json");
  EXPECT_EQ(no_space_result[2], "text/plain");
}

TEST(ParseAcceptHeaderTest, InvalidCases) {
  std::vector<std::string> result;

  // Invalid quality value (> 1.0)
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      detail::parse_accept_header("text/html;q=1.5,application/json", result));

  // Invalid quality value (< 0.0)
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      detail::parse_accept_header("text/html;q=-0.1,application/json", result));

  // Invalid quality value (not a number)
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_accept_header(
      "text/html;q=invalid,application/json", result));

  // Empty quality value
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      detail::parse_accept_header("text/html;q=,application/json", result));

  // Invalid media type format (no slash and not wildcard)
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      detail::parse_accept_header("invalidtype,application/json", result));

  // Empty media type
  result.clear();
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_accept_header(",application/json", result));

  // Only commas
  result.clear();
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_accept_header(",,,", result));

  // Valid cases should still work
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header("*/*", result));
  EXPECT_EQ(result.size(), 1U);
  EXPECT_EQ(result[0], "*/*");

  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header("*", result));
  EXPECT_EQ(result.size(), 1U);
  EXPECT_EQ(result[0], "*");

  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::parse_accept_header("text/*", result));
  EXPECT_EQ(result.size(), 1U);
  EXPECT_EQ(result[0], "text/*");
}

TEST(ParseAcceptHeaderTest, ContentTypesPopulatedAndInvalidHeaderHandling) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/accept_ok", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    EXPECT_EQ(req.accept_content_types.size(), 3U);
    EXPECT_EQ(req.accept_content_types[0], "application/json");
    EXPECT_EQ(req.accept_content_types[1], "text/html");
    EXPECT_EQ(req.accept_content_types[2], "*/*");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/accept_bad_request", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(false);
    res.set_content("bad request", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  {
    auto res =
        cli.Get("/accept_ok",
                {{"Accept", "application/json, text/html;q=0.8, */*;q=0.1"}});
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/accept_bad_request",
                       {{"Accept", "text/html;q=abc,application/json"}});
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(DivideTest, DivideStringTests) {
  auto divide = [](const std::string &str, char d) {
    std::string lhs;
    std::string rhs;

    detail::divide(str, d,
                   [&](const char *lhs_data, std::size_t lhs_size,
                       const char *rhs_data, std::size_t rhs_size) {
                     lhs.assign(lhs_data, lhs_size);
                     rhs.assign(rhs_data, rhs_size);
                   });

    return std::make_pair(std::move(lhs), std::move(rhs));
  };

  {
    const auto res = divide("", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide("=", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide(" ", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, " ");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide("a", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "a");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide("a=", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "a");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide("=b", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "b");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide("a=b", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "a");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "b");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide("a=b=", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "a");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "b=");
  }

  {
    const auto res = divide("a=b=c", '=');
    EXPECT_EQ(res.first, "a");
    EXPECT_EQ(res.second, "b=c");
  }
}

TEST(SplitTest, ParseQueryString) {
  string s = "key1=val1&key2=val2&key3=val3";
  Params dic;

  detail::split(s.c_str(), s.c_str() + s.size(), '&',
                [&](const char *b, const char *e) {
                  string key, val;
                  detail::split(b, e, '=', [&](const char *b2, const char *e2) {
                    if (key.empty()) {
                      key.assign(b2, e2);
                    } else {
                      val.assign(b2, e2);
                    }
                  });
                  dic.emplace(key, val);
                });

  EXPECT_EQ("val1", dic.find("key1")->second);
  EXPECT_EQ("val2", dic.find("key2")->second);
  EXPECT_EQ("val3", dic.find("key3")->second);
}

TEST(SplitTest, ParseInvalidQueryTests) {

  {
    string s = " ";
    Params dict;
    detail::parse_query_text(s, dict);
    EXPECT_TRUE(dict.empty());
  }

  {
    string s = " = =";
    Params dict;
    detail::parse_query_text(s, dict);
    EXPECT_TRUE(dict.empty());
  }
}

TEST(ParseQueryTest, ParseQueryString) {
  {
    std::string s = "key1=val1&key2=val2&key3=val3";
    Params dic;

    detail::parse_query_text(s, dic);

    EXPECT_EQ("val1", dic.find("key1")->second);
    EXPECT_EQ("val2", dic.find("key2")->second);
    EXPECT_EQ("val3", dic.find("key3")->second);
  }

  {
    std::string s = "key1&key2=val1&key3=val1=val2&key4=val1=val2=val3";
    Params dic;

    detail::parse_query_text(s, dic);

    EXPECT_EQ("", dic.find("key1")->second);
    EXPECT_EQ("val1", dic.find("key2")->second);
    EXPECT_EQ("val1=val2", dic.find("key3")->second);
    EXPECT_EQ("val1=val2=val3", dic.find("key4")->second);
  }
}

TEST(ParamsToQueryTest, ConvertParamsToQuery) {
  Params dic;

  EXPECT_EQ(detail::params_to_query_str(dic), "");

  dic.emplace("key1", "val1");

  EXPECT_EQ(detail::params_to_query_str(dic), "key1=val1");

  dic.emplace("key2", "val2");
  dic.emplace("key3", "val3");

  EXPECT_EQ(detail::params_to_query_str(dic), "key1=val1&key2=val2&key3=val3");
}

TEST(ParseMultipartBoundaryTest, DefaultValue) {
  string content_type = "multipart/form-data; boundary=something";
  string boundary;
  auto ret = detail::parse_multipart_boundary(content_type, boundary);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(boundary, "something");
}

TEST(ParseMultipartBoundaryTest, ValueWithQuote) {
  string content_type = "multipart/form-data; boundary=\"gc0pJq0M:08jU534c0p\"";
  string boundary;
  auto ret = detail::parse_multipart_boundary(content_type, boundary);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(boundary, "gc0pJq0M:08jU534c0p");
}

TEST(ParseMultipartBoundaryTest, ValueWithCharset) {
  string content_type =
      "multipart/mixed; boundary=THIS_STRING_SEPARATES;charset=UTF-8";
  string boundary;
  auto ret = detail::parse_multipart_boundary(content_type, boundary);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(boundary, "THIS_STRING_SEPARATES");
}

TEST(ParseMultipartBoundaryTest, ValueWithQuotesAndCharset) {
  string content_type =
      "multipart/mixed; boundary=\"cpp-httplib-multipart-data\"; charset=UTF-8";
  string boundary;
  auto ret = detail::parse_multipart_boundary(content_type, boundary);
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(boundary, "cpp-httplib-multipart-data");
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, DefaultValue) {
  Headers headers = {{"Dummy", "Dummy"}};
  auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Content-Type", "text/plain", 0);
  EXPECT_STREQ("text/plain", val);
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, DefaultValueInt) {
  Headers headers = {{"Dummy", "Dummy"}};
  auto val = detail::get_header_value_u64(headers, "Content-Length", 100, 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(100ull, val);
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, RegularValue) {
  Headers headers = {{"Content-Type", "text/html"}, {"Dummy", "Dummy"}};
  auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Content-Type", "text/plain", 0);
  EXPECT_STREQ("text/html", val);
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, RegularValueWithDifferentCase) {
  Headers headers = {{"Content-Type", "text/html"}, {"Dummy", "Dummy"}};
  auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "content-type", "text/plain", 0);
  EXPECT_STREQ("text/html", val);
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, SetContent) {
  Response res;

  res.set_content("html", "text/html");
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res.get_header_value("Content-Type"));

  res.set_content("text", "text/plain");
  EXPECT_EQ(1U, res.get_header_value_count("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, RegularValueInt) {
  Headers headers = {{"Content-Length", "100"}, {"Dummy", "Dummy"}};
  auto val = detail::get_header_value_u64(headers, "Content-Length", 0, 0);
  EXPECT_EQ(100ull, val);
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, RegularInvalidValueInt) {
  Headers headers = {{"Content-Length", "x"}};
  auto is_invalid_value = false;
  auto val = detail::get_header_value_u64(headers, "Content-Length", 0, 0,
                                          is_invalid_value);
  EXPECT_EQ(0ull, val);
  EXPECT_TRUE(is_invalid_value);
}

TEST(GetHeaderValueTest, Range) {
  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{1, -1}})};
    auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Range", 0, 0);
    EXPECT_STREQ("bytes=1-", val);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{-1, 1}})};
    auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Range", 0, 0);
    EXPECT_STREQ("bytes=-1", val);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{1, 10}})};
    auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Range", 0, 0);
    EXPECT_STREQ("bytes=1-10", val);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{1, 10}, {100, -1}})};
    auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Range", 0, 0);
    EXPECT_STREQ("bytes=1-10, 100-", val);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{1, 10}, {100, 200}})};
    auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Range", 0, 0);
    EXPECT_STREQ("bytes=1-10, 100-200", val);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{0, 0}, {-1, 1}})};
    auto val = detail::get_header_value(headers, "Range", 0, 0);
    EXPECT_STREQ("bytes=0-0, -1", val);
  }
}

TEST(ParseHeaderValueTest, Range) {
  {
    Ranges ranges;
    auto ret = detail::parse_range_header("bytes=1-", ranges);
    EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges.size());
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges[0].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(-1, ranges[0].second);
  }

  {
    Ranges ranges;
    auto ret = detail::parse_range_header("bytes=-1", ranges);
    EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges.size());
    EXPECT_EQ(-1, ranges[0].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges[0].second);
  }

  {
    Ranges ranges;
    auto ret = detail::parse_range_header("bytes=1-10", ranges);
    EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges.size());
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges[0].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(10u, ranges[0].second);
  }

  {
    Ranges ranges;
    auto ret = detail::parse_range_header("bytes=10-1", ranges);
    EXPECT_FALSE(ret);
  }

  {
    Ranges ranges;
    auto ret = detail::parse_range_header("bytes=1-10, 100-", ranges);
    EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
    EXPECT_EQ(2u, ranges.size());
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges[0].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(10u, ranges[0].second);
    EXPECT_EQ(100u, ranges[1].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(-1, ranges[1].second);
  }

  {
    Ranges ranges;
    auto ret =
        detail::parse_range_header("bytes=1-10, 100-200, 300-400", ranges);
    EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
    EXPECT_EQ(3u, ranges.size());
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, ranges[0].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(10u, ranges[0].second);
    EXPECT_EQ(100u, ranges[1].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(200u, ranges[1].second);
    EXPECT_EQ(300u, ranges[2].first);
    EXPECT_EQ(400u, ranges[2].second);
  }

  {
    Ranges ranges;

    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=0", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=-", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes= ", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=,", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=,,", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=,,,", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=a-b", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=1-0", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=0--1", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=0- 1", ranges));
    EXPECT_FALSE(detail::parse_range_header("bytes=0 -1", ranges));
    EXPECT_TRUE(ranges.empty());
  }
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding1, AcceptEncoding) {
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Gzip);
#else
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
#endif
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding2, AcceptEncoding) {
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br, zstd");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Brotli);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Gzip);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Zstd);
#else
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
#endif
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding3, AcceptEncoding) {
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding",
                 "br;q=1.0, gzip;q=0.8, zstd;q=0.8, *;q=0.1");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Brotli);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Gzip);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Zstd);
#else
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
#endif
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding4, AcceptEncodingQZero) {
  // All supported encodings rejected with q=0 should return None
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip;q=0, br;q=0, zstd;q=0, deflate");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding5, AcceptEncodingQZeroVariants) {
  // q=0.0, q=0.00, q=0.000 should also be treated as rejected
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip;q=0.000, br;q=0.0, zstd;q=0.00");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding6, AcceptEncodingXGzipQZero) {
  // x-gzip;q=0 should not cause "gzip" to be incorrectly detected
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding", "x-gzip;q=0");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding7, AcceptEncodingCaseInsensitive) {
  // RFC 7231: Accept-Encoding values are case-insensitive
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding", "GZIP, BR, ZSTD");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Brotli);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Gzip);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Zstd);
#else
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
#endif
}

TEST(ParseAcceptEncoding8, AcceptEncodingQValuePriority) {
  // q value should determine priority, not hardcoded order
  Request req;
  req.set_header("Accept-Encoding", "br;q=0.5, gzip;q=1.0, zstd;q=0.8");

  Response res;
  res.set_header("Content-Type", "text/plain");

  auto ret = detail::encoding_type(req, res);

  // gzip has highest q=1.0, so it should be selected even though
  // br and zstd are also supported
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Gzip);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Zstd);
#elif CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::Brotli);
#else
  EXPECT_TRUE(ret == detail::EncodingType::None);
#endif
}

TEST(BufferStreamTest, read) {
  detail::BufferStream strm1;
  Stream &strm = strm1;

  EXPECT_EQ(5, strm.write("hello"));

  char buf[512];
  EXPECT_EQ(2, strm.read(buf, 2));
  EXPECT_EQ('h', buf[0]);
  EXPECT_EQ('e', buf[1]);

  EXPECT_EQ(2, strm.read(buf, 2));
  EXPECT_EQ('l', buf[0]);
  EXPECT_EQ('l', buf[1]);

  EXPECT_EQ(1, strm.read(buf, 1));
  EXPECT_EQ('o', buf[0]);

  EXPECT_EQ(0, strm.read(buf, 1));
}

TEST(HostnameToIPConversionTest, HTTPWatch_Online) {
  auto host = "www.httpwatch.com";

  auto ip = hosted_at(host);
  EXPECT_EQ("23.96.13.243", ip);

  std::vector<std::string> addrs;
  hosted_at(host, addrs);
  EXPECT_EQ(1u, addrs.size());
}

#if 0 // It depends on each test environment...
TEST(HostnameToIPConversionTest, YouTube_Online) {
  auto host = "www.youtube.com";

  std::vector<std::string> addrs;
  hosted_at(host, addrs);

  EXPECT_EQ(20u, addrs.size());

  auto it = std::find(addrs.begin(), addrs.end(), "2607:f8b0:4006:809::200e");
  EXPECT_TRUE(it != addrs.end());
}
#endif

class ChunkedEncodingTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  ChunkedEncodingTest()
      : cli_(HOST, PORT)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
        ,
        svr_(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)
#endif
  {
    cli_.set_connection_timeout(2);
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    cli_.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#endif
  }

  virtual void SetUp() {
    read_file("./image.jpg", image_data_);

    svr_.Get("/hi", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
      res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
    });

    svr_.Get(
        "/chunked", [this](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
          res.set_chunked_content_provider(
              "image/jpeg", [this](size_t offset, httplib::DataSink &sink) {
                size_t remaining = image_data_.size() - offset;
                if (remaining == 0) {
                  sink.done();
                } else {
                  constexpr size_t CHUNK_SIZE = 1024;
                  size_t send_size = std::min(CHUNK_SIZE, remaining);
                  sink.write(&image_data_[offset], send_size);

                  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
                }
                return true;
              });
        });

    t_ = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr_.listen(HOST, PORT)); });

    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    svr_.stop();
    if (!request_threads_.empty()) {
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
      for (auto &t : request_threads_) {
        t.join();
      }
    }
    t_.join();
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli_;
  SSLServer svr_;
#else
  Client cli_;
  Server svr_;
#endif
  thread t_;
  std::vector<thread> request_threads_;
  std::string image_data_;
};

TEST_F(ChunkedEncodingTest, NormalGet) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/chunked");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);

  std::string out;
  read_file("./image.jpg", out);

  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(out, res->body);
}

TEST_F(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithContentReceiver) {
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/chunked", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
    body.append(data, data_length);
    return true;
  });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);

  std::string out;
  read_file("./image.jpg", out);

  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(out, body);
}

TEST_F(ChunkedEncodingTest, WithResponseHandlerAndContentReceiver) {
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get(
      "/chunked",
      [&](const Response &response) {
        EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, response.status);
        return true;
      },
      [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);

  std::string out;
  read_file("./image.jpg", out);

  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(out, body);
}

TEST(RangeTest, FromHTTPBin_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/range/32"};
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/httpbin/range/32"};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 80;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(5);

  {
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{1, -1}})};
    auto res = cli.Get(path, headers);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("bcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{1, 10}})};
    auto res = cli.Get(path, headers);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("bcdefghijk", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{0, 31}})};
    auto res = cli.Get(path, headers);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{0, -1}})};
    auto res = cli.Get(path, headers);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    Headers headers = {make_range_header({{0, 32}})};
    auto res = cli.Get(path, headers);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(GetAddrInfoDanglingRefTest, LongTimeout) {
  auto host = "unresolvableaddress.local";
  auto path = std::string{"/"};

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 80;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(1);

  {
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  }

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(8));
}

TEST(ConnectionErrorTest, InvalidHost) {
  auto host = "-abcde.com";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 80;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(2));

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Connection, res.error());
}

TEST(ConnectionErrorTest, InvalidHost2) {
  auto host = "httpcan.org/";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(2));

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Connection, res.error());
}

TEST(ConnectionErrorTest, InvalidHostCheckResultErrorToString) {
  auto host = "httpcan.org/";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(2));

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  stringstream s;
  s << "error code: " << res.error();
  EXPECT_EQ("error code: Could not establish connection (2)", s.str());
}

TEST(ConnectionErrorTest, InvalidPort) {
  auto host = "localhost";
  auto port = 44380;

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(2));

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(Error::Connection == res.error() ||
              Error::ConnectionTimeout == res.error());
}

TEST(ConnectionErrorTest, Timeout_Online) {
  auto host = "google.com";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 44380;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 8080;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(2));

  // only probe one address type so that the error reason
  // correlates to the timed-out IPv4, not the unsupported
  // IPv6 connection attempt
  cli.set_address_family(AF_INET);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::ConnectionTimeout, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, NoCancel_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/range/32"};
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/httpbin/range/32"};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 80;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res = cli.Get(path, [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return true; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdef", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayload_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/range/32"};
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/httpbin/range/32"};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 80;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif

  auto res = cli.Get(path, [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayload_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/range/65536"};
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/httpbin/range/65536"};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 80;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  uint32_t count = 0;
  auto res =
      cli.Get(path, [&count](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return (count++ == 0); });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, NoCancelPost) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Post("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Post("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
               "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return true; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayloadPost) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Post("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Post("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
               "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayloadPost) {
  Server svr;
  svr.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);

  svr.Post("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Post("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
               "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, NoCancelPut) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Put("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Put("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
              "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return true; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayloadPut) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Put("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Put("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
              "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayloadPut) {
  Server svr;
  svr.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);

  svr.Put("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Put("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
              "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, NoCancelPatch) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Patch("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Patch("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
                "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return true; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayloadPatch) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Patch("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Patch("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
                "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayloadPatch) {
  Server svr;
  svr.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);

  svr.Patch("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Patch("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
                "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, NoCancelDelete) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Delete("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Delete("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
                 "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return true; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelSmallPayloadDelete) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Delete("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Delete("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
                 "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST(CancelTest, WithCancelLargePayloadDelete) {
  Server svr;
  svr.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);

  svr.Delete("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  auto res =
      cli.Delete("/", Headers(), JSON_DATA.data(), JSON_DATA.size(),
                 "application/json", [](uint64_t, uint64_t) { return false; });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

static std::string remove_whitespace(const std::string &input) {
  std::string output;
  output.reserve(input.size());
  std::copy_if(input.begin(), input.end(), std::back_inserter(output),
               [](unsigned char c) { return !std::isspace(c); });
  return output;
}

TEST(BaseAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/basic-auth/hello/world"};
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/httpbin/basic-auth/hello/world"};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);
#else
  auto port = 80;
  Client cli(host, port);
#endif

  {
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }

  {
    auto res =
        cli.Get(path, {make_basic_authentication_header("hello", "world")});
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("{\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}",
              remove_whitespace(res->body));
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    cli.set_basic_auth("hello", "world");
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("{\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}",
              remove_whitespace(res->body));
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    cli.set_basic_auth("hello", "bad");
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }

  {
    cli.set_basic_auth("bad", "world");
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(DigestAuthTest, FromHTTPWatch_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto unauth_path = std::string{"/digest-auth/auth/hello/world"};
  auto paths = std::vector<std::string>{
      "/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/MD5",
      "/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-256",
      "/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-512",
  };
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto unauth_path = std::string{"/httpbin/digest-auth/auth/hello/world"};
  auto paths = std::vector<std::string>{
      "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/MD5",
      "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-256",
      "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-512",
      "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth-int/hello/world/MD5",
  };
#endif

  auto port = 443;
  SSLClient cli(host, port);

  {
    auto res = cli.Get(unauth_path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }

  {

    cli.set_digest_auth("hello", "world");
    for (const auto &path : paths) {
      auto res = cli.Get(path.c_str());
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
      std::string algo(path.substr(path.rfind('/') + 1));
      EXPECT_EQ(
          remove_whitespace("{\"algorithm\":\"" + algo +
                            "\",\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}\n"),
          remove_whitespace(res->body));
#else
      EXPECT_EQ("{\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}",
                remove_whitespace(res->body));
#endif
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
    cli.set_digest_auth("hello", "bad");
    for (const auto &path : paths) {
      auto res = cli.Get(path.c_str());
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
    }
#endif
  }
}

#endif

TEST(SpecifyServerIPAddressTest, AnotherHostname_Online) {
  auto host = "google.com";
  auto another_host = "example.com";
  auto wrong_ip = "0.0.0.0";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif

  cli.set_hostname_addr_map({{another_host, wrong_ip}});
  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);
}

TEST(SpecifyServerIPAddressTest, RealHostname_Online) {
  auto host = "google.com";
  auto wrong_ip = "0.0.0.0";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif

  cli.set_hostname_addr_map({{host, wrong_ip}});
  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Connection, res.error());
}

TEST(AbsoluteRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/absolute-redirect/3");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(RedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/redirect/3");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(RelativeRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/relative-redirect/3");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(TooManyRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/redirect/21");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::ExceedRedirectCount, res.error());
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(YahooRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
  Client cli("yahoo.com");

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("https://www.yahoo.com/", res->location);
}

// Previously "nghttp2.org" "/httpbin/redirect-to"
#define REDIR_HOST "httpbingo.org"
#define REDIR_PATH "/redirect-to"

TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, Redirect_Online) {
  SSLClient cli(REDIR_HOST);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res =
      cli.Get(REDIR_PATH "?url=http%3A%2F%2Fexample.com&status_code=302");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, Redirect_Online) {
  SSLClient cli(REDIR_HOST);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("url", "http://example.com");
  params.emplace("status_code", "302");

  auto res = cli.Get(REDIR_PATH, params, Headers{});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest3, Redirect_Online) {
  SSLClient cli(REDIR_HOST);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("url", "http://example.com");

  auto res = cli.Get(REDIR_PATH "?status_code=302", params, Headers{});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(UrlWithSpace, Redirect_Online) {
  SSLClient cli("edge.forgecdn.net");
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/files/2595/310/Neat 1.4-17.jar");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(18527U, res->get_header_value_u64("Content-Length"));
}
#endif

#if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN64)
TEST(ReceiveSignals, Signal) {
  auto setupSignalHandlers = []() {
    struct sigaction act;

    sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
    act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
    act.sa_sigaction = [](int sig, siginfo_t *, void *) {
      switch (sig) {
      case SIGINT:
      default: break;
      }
    };
    ::sigaction(SIGINT, &act, nullptr);
  };

  Server svr;
  int port = 0;
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() {
    setupSignalHandlers();
    port = svr.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
    svr.listen_after_bind();
  });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_running());
  pthread_kill(thread.native_handle(), SIGINT);
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_running());
}
#endif

TEST(RedirectToDifferentPort, Redirect) {
  Server svr1;
  svr1.Get("/1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  int svr1_port = 0;
  auto thread1 = std::thread([&]() {
    svr1_port = svr1.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
    svr1.listen_after_bind();
  });

  Server svr2;
  svr2.Get("/2", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect("http://localhost:" + std::to_string(svr1_port) + "/1");
  });

  int svr2_port = 0;
  auto thread2 = std::thread([&]() {
    svr2_port = svr2.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
    svr2.listen_after_bind();
  });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr2.stop();
    thread2.join();
    svr1.stop();
    thread1.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr2.is_running());
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr1.is_running());
  });

  svr1.wait_until_ready();
  svr2.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", svr2_port);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/2");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
}

TEST(RedirectToDifferentPort, OverflowPortNumber) {
  Server svr;
  svr.Get("/redir", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    // Port number that overflows int — should not crash
    res.set_redirect("http://localhost:99999999999999999999/target");
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, port);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/redir");
  // Should fail gracefully, not crash (no valid response due to bad port)
  EXPECT_FALSE(res);
}

TEST(RedirectFromPageWithContent, Redirect) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("___", "text/plain");
    res.set_redirect("/2");
  });

  svr.Get("/2", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  auto th = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    th.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli("localhost", PORT);
    cli.set_follow_location(true);

    std::string body;
    auto res = cli.Get("/1", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
      body.append(data, data_length);
      return true;
    });

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", body);
  }

  {
    Client cli("localhost", PORT);

    std::string body;
    auto res = cli.Get("/1", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
      body.append(data, data_length);
      return true;
    });

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Found_302, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("___", body);
  }
}

TEST(RedirectFromPageWithContentIP6, Redirect) {
  Server svr;

  auto port_str = std::to_string(PORT);
  auto redirect_url = "http://[::1]:" + port_str + "/2";
  auto expected_host = "[::1]:" + port_str;

  svr.Get("/1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("___", "text/plain");
    // res.set_redirect("/2");
    res.set_redirect(redirect_url);
  });

  svr.Get("/2", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    auto host_header = req.headers.find("Host");
    ASSERT_TRUE(host_header != req.headers.end());
    EXPECT_EQ(expected_host, host_header->second);

    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  auto th = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen("::1", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    th.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  // When IPV6 support isn't available svr.listen("::1", PORT) never
  // actually starts anything, so the condition !svr.is_running() will
  // always remain true, and the loop never stops.
  // This basically counts how many milliseconds have passed since the
  // call to svr.listen(), and if after 5 seconds nothing started yet
  // aborts the test.
  for (unsigned int milliseconds = 0; !svr.is_running(); milliseconds++) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
    ASSERT_LT(milliseconds, 5000U);
  }

  {
    Client cli("::1", PORT);
    cli.set_follow_location(true);

    std::string body;
    auto res = cli.Get("/1", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
      body.append(data, data_length);
      return true;
    });

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", body);
  }

  {
    Client cli("::1", PORT);

    std::string body;
    auto res = cli.Get("/1", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
      body.append(data, data_length);
      return true;
    });

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Found_302, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("___", body);
  }
}

TEST(PathUrlEncodeTest, PathUrlEncode) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/foo", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    auto a = req.params.find("a");
    if (a != req.params.end()) {
      res.set_content((*a).second, "text/plain");
      res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
    } else {
      res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
    }
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.set_path_encode(false);

    auto res = cli.Get("/foo?a=explicitly+encoded");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    // This expects it back with a space, as the `+` won't have been
    // url-encoded, and server-side the params get decoded turning `+`
    // into spaces.
    EXPECT_EQ("explicitly encoded", res->body);
  }
}

TEST(PathUrlEncodeTest, IncludePercentEncodingLF) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [](const Request &req, Response &) {
    EXPECT_EQ("\x0A", req.get_param_value("something"));
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.set_path_encode(false);

    auto res = cli.Get("/?something=%0A");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(BindServerTest, BindDualStack) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen("::", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/1");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
  }
  {
    Client cli("::1", PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/1");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
  }
}

TEST(BindServerTest, BindAndListenSeparately) {
  Server svr;
  int port = svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  ASSERT_TRUE(port > 0);
  svr.stop();
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(BindServerTest, BindAndListenSeparatelySSL) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE,
                CLIENT_CA_CERT_DIR);
  int port = svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  ASSERT_TRUE(port > 0);
  svr.stop();
}

TEST(BindServerTest, BindAndListenSeparatelySSLEncryptedKey) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_ENCRYPTED_CERT_FILE, SERVER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE,
                nullptr, nullptr, SERVER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_PASS);
  int port = svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  ASSERT_TRUE(port > 0);
  svr.stop();
}

TEST(BindServerTest, UpdateCertsPem) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  int port = svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  ASSERT_TRUE(port > 0);

  // Read PEM files
  std::string cert_pem, key_pem, ca_pem;
  read_file(SERVER_CERT_FILE, cert_pem);
  read_file(SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, key_pem);
  read_file(CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE, ca_pem);

  // Update server certificates using PEM API
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      svr.update_certs_pem(cert_pem.c_str(), key_pem.c_str(), ca_pem.c_str()));

  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  svr.stop();
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, UpdateCertsPemWithClientAuth) {
  // Start server with client CA (enables client auth)
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  bool handler_called = false;
  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    handler_called = true;
    // Verify client certificate is present
    auto cert = req.peer_cert();
    EXPECT_TRUE(static_cast<bool>(cert));
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Read PEM files
  std::string cert_pem, key_pem, ca_pem;
  read_file(SERVER_CERT_FILE, cert_pem);
  read_file(SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, key_pem);
  read_file(CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE, ca_pem);

  // Update server certificates and client CA using PEM API while server running
  ASSERT_TRUE(
      svr.update_certs_pem(cert_pem.c_str(), key_pem.c_str(), ca_pem.c_str()));

  // Connect with client certificate
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(handler_called);
  EXPECT_EQ("ok", res->body);
}
#endif

TEST(ErrorHandlerTest, ContentLength) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_error_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
    res.set_content("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
                    "text/html"); // <= Content-Length still 13
  });

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
    res.status = 524;
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi", {{"Accept-Encoding", ""}});
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
    EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
    EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", res->body);
  }
}

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
TEST(ExceptionTest, WithoutExceptionHandler) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/exception", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response & /*res*/) {
    throw std::runtime_error("exception...");
  });

  svr.Get("/unknown", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response & /*res*/) {
    throw std::runtime_error("exception\r\n...");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/exception");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::InternalServerError_500, res->status);
    EXPECT_FALSE(res->has_header("EXCEPTION_WHAT"));
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/unknown");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::InternalServerError_500, res->status);
    EXPECT_FALSE(res->has_header("EXCEPTION_WHAT"));
  }
}

TEST(ExceptionTest, WithExceptionHandler) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_exception_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res,
                               std::exception_ptr ep) {
    EXPECT_FALSE(ep == nullptr);
    try {
      std::rethrow_exception(ep);
    } catch (std::exception &e) {
      EXPECT_EQ("abc", std::string(e.what()));
    } catch (...) {}
    res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
    res.set_content("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
                    "text/html"); // <= Content-Length still 13 at this point
  });

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
    throw std::runtime_error("abc");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    for (size_t j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
      auto res = cli.Get("/hi", {{"Accept-Encoding", ""}});
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::InternalServerError_500, res->status);
      EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
      EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
      EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", res->body);
    }

    cli.set_keep_alive(true);

    for (size_t j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
      auto res = cli.Get("/hi", {{"Accept-Encoding", ""}});
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::InternalServerError_500, res->status);
      EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
      EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
      EXPECT_EQ("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", res->body);
    }
  }
}

TEST(ExceptionTest, AndErrorHandler) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_error_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    if (res.body.empty()) { res.set_content("NOT_FOUND", "text/html"); }
  });

  svr.set_exception_handler(
      [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res, std::exception_ptr ep) {
        EXPECT_FALSE(ep == nullptr);
        try {
          std::rethrow_exception(ep);
        } catch (std::exception &e) {
          res.set_content(e.what(), "text/html");
        } catch (...) {}
        res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
      });

  svr.Get("/exception", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response & /*res*/) {
    throw std::runtime_error("EXCEPTION");
  });

  svr.Get("/error", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ERROR", "text/html");
    res.status = StatusCode::InternalServerError_500;
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/exception");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
    EXPECT_EQ("EXCEPTION", res->body);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/error");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::InternalServerError_500, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("ERROR", res->body);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/invalid");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", res->body);
  }
}
#endif

TEST(NoContentTest, ContentLength) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.status = StatusCode::NoContent_204;
  });
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NoContent_204, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("0", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  }
}

TEST(RoutingHandlerTest, PreAndPostRoutingHandlers) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
#else
  Server svr;
#endif

  svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    if (req.path == "/routing_handler") {
      res.set_header("PRE_ROUTING", "on");
      res.set_content("Routing Handler", "text/plain");
      return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Handled;
    }
    return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
  });

  svr.set_error_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Error", "text/html");
  });

  svr.set_post_routing_handler([](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    if (req.path == "/routing_handler") {
      res.set_header("POST_ROUTING", "on");
    }
  });

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#else
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
#endif

    auto res = cli.Get("/routing_handler");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Routing Handler", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(1U, res->get_header_value_count("PRE_ROUTING"));
    EXPECT_EQ("on", res->get_header_value("PRE_ROUTING"));
    EXPECT_EQ(1U, res->get_header_value_count("POST_ROUTING"));
    EXPECT_EQ("on", res->get_header_value("POST_ROUTING"));
  }

  {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#else
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
#endif

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!\n", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->get_header_value_count("PRE_ROUTING"));
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->get_header_value_count("POST_ROUTING"));
  }

  {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#else
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
#endif

    auto res = cli.Get("/aaa");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Error", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->get_header_value_count("PRE_ROUTING"));
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->get_header_value_count("POST_ROUTING"));
  }
}

TEST(RequestHandlerTest, PreRequestHandler) {
  auto route_path = "/user/:user";

  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("hi", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get(route_path, [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(req.path_params.at("user"), "text/plain");
  });

  svr.set_pre_request_handler([&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    if (req.matched_route == route_path) {
      auto user = req.path_params.at("user");
      if (user != "john") {
        res.status = StatusCode::Forbidden_403;
        res.set_content("error", "text/html");
        return Server::HandlerResponse::Handled;
      }
    }
    return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("hi", res->body);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/user/john");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("john", res->body);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/user/invalid-user");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Forbidden_403, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("error", res->body);
  }
}

TEST(AnyTest, BasicOperations) {
  // Default construction
  httplib::any a;
  EXPECT_FALSE(a.has_value());

  // Value construction and any_cast (pointer form, noexcept)
  httplib::any b(42);
  EXPECT_TRUE(b.has_value());
  auto *p = httplib::any_cast<int>(&b);
  ASSERT_NE(nullptr, p);
  EXPECT_EQ(42, *p);

  // Type mismatch → nullptr
  auto *q = httplib::any_cast<std::string>(&b);
  EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, q);

  // any_cast (value form) succeeds
  EXPECT_EQ(42, httplib::any_cast<int>(b));

  // any_cast (value form) throws on type mismatch
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  EXPECT_THROW(httplib::any_cast<std::string>(b), httplib::bad_any_cast);
#endif

  // Copy
  httplib::any c = b;
  EXPECT_EQ(42, httplib::any_cast<int>(c));

  // Move
  httplib::any d = std::move(c);
  EXPECT_EQ(42, httplib::any_cast<int>(d));

  // Assignment with different type
  b = std::string("hello");
  EXPECT_EQ("hello", httplib::any_cast<std::string>(b));

  // Reset
  b.reset();
  EXPECT_FALSE(b.has_value());
}

TEST(RequestHandlerTest, ResponseUserDataInPreRouting) {
  struct AuthCtx {
    std::string user_id;
  };

  Server svr;

  svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.user_data["auth"] = AuthCtx{"alice"};
    return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
  });

  svr.Get("/me", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    auto *ctx = httplib::any_cast<AuthCtx>(&res.user_data["auth"]);
    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, ctx);
    res.set_content("Hello " + ctx->user_id, "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Get("/me");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello alice", res->body);
}

TEST(RequestHandlerTest, ResponseUserDataInPreRequest) {
  struct RoleCtx {
    std::string role;
  };

  Server svr;

  svr.set_pre_request_handler([](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.user_data["role"] = RoleCtx{"admin"};
    return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
  });

  svr.Get("/role", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    auto *ctx = httplib::any_cast<RoleCtx>(&res.user_data["role"]);
    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, ctx);
    res.set_content(ctx->role, "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Get("/role");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("admin", res->body);
}

TEST(InvalidFormatTest, StatusCode) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
    res.status = 9999; // Status should be a three-digit code...
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  }
}

TEST(URLFragmentTest, WithFragment) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(req.target == "/hi");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi#key1=val1=key2=val2");
    EXPECT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

    res = cli.Get("/hi%23key1=val1=key2=val2");
    EXPECT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(HeaderWriter, SetHeaderWriter) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_header_writer([](Stream &strm, Headers &hdrs) {
    hdrs.emplace("CustomServerHeader", "CustomServerValue");
    return detail::write_headers(strm, hdrs);
  });
  svr.Get("/hi", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    auto it = req.headers.find("CustomClientHeader");
    EXPECT_TRUE(it != req.headers.end());
    EXPECT_EQ(it->second, "CustomClientValue");
    res.set_content("Hello World!\n", "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.set_header_writer([](Stream &strm, Headers &hdrs) {
      hdrs.emplace("CustomClientHeader", "CustomClientValue");
      return detail::write_headers(strm, hdrs);
    });

    auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
    EXPECT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

    auto it = res->headers.find("CustomServerHeader");
    EXPECT_TRUE(it != res->headers.end());
    EXPECT_EQ(it->second, "CustomServerValue");
  }
}

class ServerTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  ServerTest()
      : cli_(HOST, PORT)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
        ,
        svr_(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)
#endif
  {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    cli_.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#endif
    // Allow LARGE_DATA (100MB) responses
    cli_.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);
  }

  virtual void SetUp() {
    // Allow LARGE_DATA (100MB) tests to pass with new 100MB default limit
    svr_.set_payload_max_length(200 * 1024 * 1024);

    svr_.set_mount_point("/", "./www");
    svr_.set_mount_point("/mount", "./www2");
    svr_.set_file_extension_and_mimetype_mapping("abcde", "text/abcde");

    svr_.Get("/hi",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/file_content",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_file_content("./www/dir/test.html");
             })
        .Get("/file_content_with_content_type",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_file_content("./www/file", "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/invalid_file_content",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_file_content("./www/dir/invalid_file_path");
             })
        .Get("/http_response_splitting",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_header("a", "1\r\nSet-Cookie: a=1");
               EXPECT_EQ(0U, res.headers.size());
               EXPECT_FALSE(res.has_header("a"));

               res.set_header("a", "1\nSet-Cookie: a=1");
               EXPECT_EQ(0U, res.headers.size());
               EXPECT_FALSE(res.has_header("a"));

               res.set_header("a", "1\rSet-Cookie: a=1");
               EXPECT_EQ(0U, res.headers.size());
               EXPECT_FALSE(res.has_header("a"));

               res.set_header("a\r\nb", "0");
               EXPECT_EQ(0U, res.headers.size());
               EXPECT_FALSE(res.has_header("a"));

               res.set_header("a\rb", "0");
               EXPECT_EQ(0U, res.headers.size());
               EXPECT_FALSE(res.has_header("a"));

               res.set_header("a\nb", "0");
               EXPECT_EQ(0U, res.headers.size());
               EXPECT_FALSE(res.has_header("a"));

               res.set_redirect("1\r\nSet-Cookie: a=1");
               EXPECT_EQ(0U, res.headers.size());
               EXPECT_FALSE(res.has_header("Location"));
             })
        .Get("/slow",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
               res.set_content("slow", "text/plain");
             })
#if 0
        .Post("/slowpost",
              [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
                std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
                res.set_content("slow", "text/plain");
              })
#endif
        .Get("/remote_addr",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               ASSERT_FALSE(req.has_header("REMOTE_ADDR"));
               ASSERT_FALSE(req.has_header("REMOTE_PORT"));
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
               ASSERT_ANY_THROW(req.get_header_value("REMOTE_ADDR"));
               ASSERT_ANY_THROW(req.get_header_value("REMOTE_PORT"));
#endif
               res.set_content(req.remote_addr, "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/local_addr",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               ASSERT_FALSE(req.has_header("LOCAL_ADDR"));
               ASSERT_FALSE(req.has_header("LOCAL_PORT"));
#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
               ASSERT_ANY_THROW(req.get_header_value("LOCAL_ADDR"));
               ASSERT_ANY_THROW(req.get_header_value("LOCAL_PORT"));
#endif
               auto local_addr = req.local_addr;
               auto local_port = std::to_string(req.local_port);
               res.set_content(local_addr.append(":").append(local_port),
                               "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/endwith%",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/a\\+\\+b",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               ASSERT_TRUE(req.has_param("a +b"));
               auto val = req.get_param_value("a +b");
               res.set_content(val, "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/,
                      Response &res) { res.set_redirect("/hi"); })
        .Post("/1",
              [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
                res.set_redirect("/2", StatusCode::SeeOther_303);
              })
        .Get("/2",
             [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content("redirected.", "text/plain");
               res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
             })
        .Post("/person",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                if (req.has_param("name") && req.has_param("note")) {
                  persons_[req.get_param_value("name")] =
                      req.get_param_value("note");
                } else {
                  res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
                }
              })
        .Put("/person",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               if (req.has_param("name") && req.has_param("note")) {
                 persons_[req.get_param_value("name")] =
                     req.get_param_value("note");
               } else {
                 res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
               }
             })
        .Get("/person/(.*)",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               string name = req.matches[1];
               if (persons_.find(name) != persons_.end()) {
                 auto note = persons_[name];
                 res.set_content(note, "text/plain");
               } else {
                 res.status = StatusCode::NotFound_404;
               }
             })
        .Delete("/person",
                [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                  if (req.has_param("name")) {
                    string name = req.get_param_value("name");
                    if (persons_.find(name) != persons_.end()) {
                      persons_.erase(name);
                      res.set_content("DELETED", "text/plain");
                    } else {
                      res.status = StatusCode::NotFound_404;
                    }
                  } else {
                    res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
                  }
                })
        .Post("/x-www-form-urlencoded-json",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                auto json = req.get_param_value("json");
                ASSERT_EQ(JSON_DATA, json);
                res.set_content(json, "appliation/json");
                res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
              })
        .Get("/streamed-chunked",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_chunked_content_provider(
                   "text/plain", [](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                     sink.os << "123";
                     sink.os << "456";
                     sink.os << "789";
                     sink.done();
                     return true;
                   });
             })
        .Get("/streamed-chunked-with-prohibited-trailer",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               auto i = new int(0);
               // Declare both a prohibited trailer (Content-Length) and an
               // allowed one
               res.set_header("Trailer", "Content-Length, X-Allowed");

               res.set_chunked_content_provider(
                   "text/plain",
                   [i](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                     switch (*i) {
                     case 0: sink.os << "123"; break;
                     case 1: sink.os << "456"; break;
                     case 2: sink.os << "789"; break;
                     case 3: {
                       sink.done_with_trailer(
                           {{"Content-Length", "5"}, {"X-Allowed", "yes"}});
                     } break;
                     }
                     (*i)++;
                     return true;
                   },
                   [i](bool success) {
                     EXPECT_TRUE(success);
                     delete i;
                   });
             })
        .Get("/streamed-chunked2",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               auto i = new int(0);
               res.set_chunked_content_provider(
                   "text/plain",
                   [i](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                     switch (*i) {
                     case 0: sink.os << "123"; break;
                     case 1: sink.os << "456"; break;
                     case 2: sink.os << "789"; break;
                     case 3: sink.done(); break;
                     }
                     (*i)++;
                     return true;
                   },
                   [i](bool success) {
                     EXPECT_TRUE(success);
                     delete i;
                   });
             })
        .Get("/streamed-chunked-with-trailer",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               auto i = new int(0);
               res.set_header("Trailer", "Dummy1, Dummy2");
               res.set_chunked_content_provider(
                   "text/plain",
                   [i](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                     switch (*i) {
                     case 0: sink.os << "123"; break;
                     case 1: sink.os << "456"; break;
                     case 2: sink.os << "789"; break;
                     case 3: {
                       sink.done_with_trailer(
                           {{"Dummy1", "DummyVal1"}, {"Dummy2", "DummyVal2"}});
                     } break;
                     }
                     (*i)++;
                     return true;
                   },
                   [i](bool success) {
                     EXPECT_TRUE(success);
                     delete i;
                   });
             })
        .Get("/streamed",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content_provider(
                   6, "text/plain",
                   [](size_t offset, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
                     sink.os << (offset < 3 ? "a" : "b");
                     return true;
                   });
             })
        .Get("/streamed-with-range",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               auto data = new std::string("abcdefg");
               res.set_content_provider(
                   data->size(), "text/plain",
                   [data](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
                     size_t DATA_CHUNK_SIZE = 4;
                     const auto &d = *data;
                     auto out_len =
                         std::min(static_cast<size_t>(length), DATA_CHUNK_SIZE);
                     auto ret =
                         sink.write(&d[static_cast<size_t>(offset)], out_len);
                     EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
                     return true;
                   },
                   [data, &req](bool success) {
                     EXPECT_EQ(success, !req.has_param("error"));
                     delete data;
                   });
             })
        .Get("/streamed-cancel",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content_provider(
                   size_t(-1), "text/plain",
                   [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
                     sink.os << "data_chunk";
                     return true;
                   });
             })
        .Get("/regex-with-delimiter",
             [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
               ASSERT_TRUE(req.has_param("key"));
               EXPECT_EQ("^(?.*(value))", req.get_param_value("key"));
             })
        .Get("/with-range",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content("abcdefg", "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/test-start-time",
             [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
               EXPECT_NE(req.start_time_,
                         std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min());
             })
        .Get("/with-range-customized-response",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.status = StatusCode::BadRequest_400;
               res.set_content(JSON_DATA, "application/json");
             })
        .Post("/chunked",
              [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "dechunked post body");
              })
        .Post("/large-chunked",
              [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
                std::string expected(6 * 30 * 1024u, 'a');
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, expected);
              })
        .Post("/multipart",
              [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
                EXPECT_EQ(4u, req.form.get_field_count("text1") +
                                  req.form.get_field_count("text2") +
                                  req.form.get_field_count("file3") +
                                  req.form.get_field_count("file4"));
                EXPECT_EQ(2u, req.form.get_file_count("file1") +
                                  req.form.get_file_count("file2"));
                ASSERT_TRUE(!req.form.has_file("???"));
                ASSERT_TRUE(!req.form.has_field("???"));
                ASSERT_TRUE(req.body.empty());

                {
                  const auto &text = req.form.get_field("text1");
                  EXPECT_EQ("text default", text);
                }

                {
                  const auto &text = req.form.get_field("text2");
                  EXPECT_EQ("aωb", text);
                }

                {
                  const auto &file = req.form.get_file("file1");
                  EXPECT_EQ("hello.txt", file.filename);
                  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", file.content_type);
                  EXPECT_EQ("h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", file.content);
                }

                {
                  const auto &file = req.form.get_file("file2");
                  EXPECT_EQ("world.json", file.filename);
                  EXPECT_EQ("application/json", file.content_type);
                  EXPECT_EQ("{\n  \"world\", true\n}\n", file.content);
                }

                {
                  const auto &text = req.form.get_field("file3");
                  EXPECT_EQ(0u, text.size());
                }

                {
                  const auto &text = req.form.get_field("file4");
                  EXPECT_EQ(0u, text.size());
                }
              })
        .Post("/multipart/multi_file_values",
              [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
                EXPECT_EQ(3u, req.form.get_field_count("text") +
                                  req.form.get_field_count("multi_text1"));
                EXPECT_EQ(2u, req.form.get_file_count("multi_file1"));
                ASSERT_TRUE(!req.form.has_file("???"));
                ASSERT_TRUE(!req.form.has_field("???"));
                ASSERT_TRUE(req.body.empty());

                {
                  const auto &text = req.form.get_field("text");
                  EXPECT_EQ("default text", text);
                }
                {
                  const auto &text1_values = req.form.get_fields("multi_text1");
                  EXPECT_EQ(2u, text1_values.size());
                  EXPECT_EQ("aaaaa", text1_values[0]);
                  EXPECT_EQ("bbbbb", text1_values[1]);
                }

                {
                  const auto &file1_values = req.form.get_files("multi_file1");
                  EXPECT_EQ(2u, file1_values.size());
                  auto file1 = file1_values[0];
                  EXPECT_EQ(file1.filename, "hello.txt");
                  EXPECT_EQ(file1.content_type, "text/plain");
                  EXPECT_EQ("h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", file1.content);

                  auto file2 = file1_values[1];
                  EXPECT_EQ(file2.filename, "world.json");
                  EXPECT_EQ(file2.content_type, "application/json");
                  EXPECT_EQ("{\n  \"world\", true\n}\n", file2.content);
                }
              })
        .Post("/empty",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "");
                EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
                EXPECT_EQ("0", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                res.set_content("empty", "text/plain");
              })
        .Post("/empty-no-content-type",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "");
                EXPECT_FALSE(req.has_header("Content-Type"));
                EXPECT_EQ("0", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                res.set_content("empty-no-content-type", "text/plain");
              })
        .Post("/path-only",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "");
                EXPECT_EQ("", req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
                EXPECT_EQ("0", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                res.set_content("path-only", "text/plain");
              })
        .Post("/path-headers-only",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "");
                EXPECT_EQ("", req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
                EXPECT_EQ("0", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                EXPECT_EQ("world", req.get_header_value("hello"));
                EXPECT_EQ("world2", req.get_header_value("hello2"));
                res.set_content("path-headers-only", "text/plain");
              })
        .Post("/post-large",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, LARGE_DATA);
                res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
              })
        .Post("/post-loopback",
              [&](const Request &, Response &res,
                  ContentReader const &content_reader) {
                std::string body;
                content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                  body.append(data, data_length);
                  return true;
                });

                res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
              })
        .Put("/put-loopback",
             [&](const Request &, Response &res,
                 ContentReader const &content_reader) {
               std::string body;
               content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                 body.append(data, data_length);
                 return true;
               });

               res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
             })
        .Patch("/patch-loopback",
               [&](const Request &, Response &res,
                   ContentReader const &content_reader) {
                 std::string body;
                 content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                   body.append(data, data_length);
                   return true;
                 });

                 res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
               })
        .Put("/empty-no-content-type",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "");
               EXPECT_FALSE(req.has_header("Content-Type"));
               EXPECT_EQ("0", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
               res.set_content("empty-no-content-type", "text/plain");
             })
        .Put("/put",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "PUT");
               res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
             })
        .Put("/put-large",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               EXPECT_EQ(req.body, LARGE_DATA);
               res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
             })
        .Patch("/patch",
               [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "PATCH");
                 res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
               })
        .Delete("/delete",
                [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
                  res.set_content("DELETE", "text/plain");
                })
        .Delete("/delete-body",
                [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                  EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "content");
                  res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
                })
        .Options(R"(\*)",
                 [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
                   res.set_header("Allow", "GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS");
                 })
        .Get("/request-target",
             [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
               EXPECT_EQ("/request-target?aaa=bbb&ccc=ddd", req.target);
               EXPECT_EQ("bbb", req.get_param_value("aaa"));
               EXPECT_EQ("ddd", req.get_param_value("ccc"));
             })
        .Get("/long-query-value",
             [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
               EXPECT_EQ(LONG_QUERY_URL, req.target);
               EXPECT_EQ(LONG_QUERY_VALUE, req.get_param_value("key"));
             })
        .Get("/too-long-query-value",
             [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
               EXPECT_EQ(TOO_LONG_QUERY_URL, req.target);
               EXPECT_EQ(TOO_LONG_QUERY_VALUE, req.get_param_value("key"));
             })
        .Get("/array-param",
             [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
               EXPECT_EQ(3u, req.get_param_value_count("array"));
               EXPECT_EQ("value1", req.get_param_value("array", 0));
               EXPECT_EQ("value2", req.get_param_value("array", 1));
               EXPECT_EQ("value3", req.get_param_value("array", 2));
             })
        .Post("/validate-no-multiple-headers",
              [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
                EXPECT_EQ(1u, req.get_header_value_count("Content-Length"));
                EXPECT_EQ("5", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
              })
        .Post("/content_receiver",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res,
                  const ContentReader &content_reader) {
                if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
                  std::vector<FormData> items;
                  content_reader(
                      [&](const FormData &file) {
                        items.push_back(file);
                        return true;
                      },
                      [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                        items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
                        return true;
                      });

                  EXPECT_EQ(5u, items.size());

                  {
                    const auto &file = get_file_value(items, "text1");
                    EXPECT_TRUE(file.filename.empty());
                    EXPECT_EQ("text default", file.content);
                  }

                  {
                    const auto &file = get_file_value(items, "text2");
                    EXPECT_TRUE(file.filename.empty());
                    EXPECT_EQ("aωb", file.content);
                  }

                  {
                    const auto &file = get_file_value(items, "file1");
                    EXPECT_EQ("hello.txt", file.filename);
                    EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", file.content_type);
                    EXPECT_EQ("h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", file.content);
                  }

                  {
                    const auto &file = get_file_value(items, "file2");
                    EXPECT_EQ("world.json", file.filename);
                    EXPECT_EQ("application/json", file.content_type);
                    EXPECT_EQ(R"({\n  "world": true\n}\n)", file.content);
                  }

                  {
                    const auto &file = get_file_value(items, "file3");
                    EXPECT_TRUE(file.filename.empty());
                    EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream", file.content_type);
                    EXPECT_EQ(0u, file.content.size());
                  }
                } else {
                  std::string body;
                  content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                    EXPECT_EQ(7U, data_length);
                    body.append(data, data_length);
                    return true;
                  });
                  EXPECT_EQ(body, "content");
                  res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
                }
              })
        .Put("/content_receiver",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res,
                 const ContentReader &content_reader) {
               std::string body;
               content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                 body.append(data, data_length);
                 return true;
               });
               EXPECT_EQ(body, "content");
               res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
             })
        .Patch("/content_receiver",
               [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res,
                   const ContentReader &content_reader) {
                 std::string body;
                 content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                   body.append(data, data_length);
                   return true;
                 });
                 EXPECT_EQ(body, "content");
                 res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
               })
        .Post("/query-string-and-body",
              [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
                ASSERT_TRUE(req.has_param("key"));
                EXPECT_EQ(req.get_param_value("key"), "value");
                EXPECT_EQ(req.body, "content");
              })
        .Get("/last-request",
             [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
               EXPECT_EQ("close", req.get_header_value("Connection"));
             })
        .Get(R"(/redirect/(\d+))",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               auto num = std::stoi(req.matches[1]) + 1;
               std::string url = "/redirect/" + std::to_string(num);
               res.set_redirect(url);
             })
        .Post("/binary",
              [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                EXPECT_EQ(4U, req.body.size());
                EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream",
                          req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
                EXPECT_EQ("4", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                res.set_content(req.body, "application/octet-stream");
              })
        .Put("/binary",
             [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
               EXPECT_EQ(4U, req.body.size());
               EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream",
                         req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
               EXPECT_EQ("4", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
               res.set_content(req.body, "application/octet-stream");
             })
        .Patch("/binary",
               [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(4U, req.body.size());
                 EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream",
                           req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
                 EXPECT_EQ("4", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                 res.set_content(req.body, "application/octet-stream");
               })
        .Delete("/binary",
                [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
                  EXPECT_EQ(4U, req.body.size());
                  EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream",
                            req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
                  EXPECT_EQ("4", req.get_header_value("Content-Length"));
                  res.set_content(req.body, "application/octet-stream");
                })
        .Get("/issue1772",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.status = 401;
               res.set_header("WWW-Authenticate", "Basic realm=123456");
             })
        .Delete("/issue609",
                [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res,
                   const httplib::ContentReader &) {
                  res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
                })
#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT) || defined(CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT) ||  \
    defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT)
        .Get("/compress",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content(
                   "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
                   "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890",
                   "text/plain");
             })
        .Get("/compress-with-charset",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content(
                   "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
                   "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890",
                   "application/json; charset=utf-8");
             })
        .Get("/nocompress",
             [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               res.set_content(
                   "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
                   "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890",
                   "application/octet-stream");
             })
        .Post("/compress-multipart",
              [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
                EXPECT_EQ(2u, req.form.fields.size());
                ASSERT_TRUE(!req.form.has_field("???"));

                {
                  const auto &text = req.form.get_field("key1");
                  EXPECT_EQ("test", text);
                }

                {
                  const auto &text = req.form.get_field("key2");
                  EXPECT_EQ("--abcdefg123", text);
                }
              })
#endif
        ;

    persons_["john"] = "programmer";

    t_ = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr_.listen(HOST, PORT)); });

    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    svr_.stop();
    if (!request_threads_.empty()) {
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
      for (auto &t : request_threads_) {
        t.join();
      }
    }
    t_.join();
  }

  map<string, string> persons_;
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli_;
  SSLServer svr_;
#else
  Client cli_;
  Server svr_;
#endif
  thread t_;
  std::vector<thread> request_threads_;
};

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethod200) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1", res->version);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("OK", res->reason);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ(1U, res->get_header_value_count("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetEmptyFile) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/empty_file");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ(0, std::stoi(res->get_header_value("Content-Length")));
  EXPECT_EQ("", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetFileContent) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/file_content");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ(9, std::stoi(res->get_header_value("Content-Length")));
  EXPECT_EQ("test.html", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetFileContentWithRange) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/file_content", {{make_range_header({{1, 3}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 1-3/9", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(3, std::stoi(res->get_header_value("Content-Length")));
  EXPECT_EQ("est", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetFileContentWithContentType) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/file_content_with_content_type");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ(5, std::stoi(res->get_header_value("Content-Length")));
  EXPECT_EQ("file\n", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetInvalidFileContent) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/invalid_file_content");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethod200withPercentEncoding) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/%68%69"); // auto res = cli_.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1", res->version);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ(1U, res->get_header_value_count("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethod302) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Found_302, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("/hi", res->get_header_value("Location"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethod302Redirect) {
  cli_.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res = cli_.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ("/hi", res->location);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethod404) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/invalid");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HeadMethod200) {
  auto res = cli_.Head("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.empty());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HeadMethod200Static) {
  auto res = cli_.Head("/mount/dir/index.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ(104, std::stoi(res->get_header_value("Content-Length")));
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.empty());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HeadMethod404) {
  auto res = cli_.Head("/invalid");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.empty());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodPersonJohn) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/person/john");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("programmer", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostMethod1) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/person/john1");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  res = cli_.Post("/person", "name=john1&note=coder",
                  "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john1");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  ASSERT_EQ("coder", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostMethod2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/person/john2");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("name", "john2");
  params.emplace("note", "coder");

  res = cli_.Post("/person", params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john2");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  ASSERT_EQ("coder", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutMethod3) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/person/john3");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("name", "john3");
  params.emplace("note", "coder");

  res = cli_.Put("/person", params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john3");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  ASSERT_EQ("coder", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, DeleteMethod1) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/person/john4");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("name", "john4");
  params.emplace("note", "coder");

  res = cli_.Post("/person", params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john4");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  ASSERT_EQ("coder", res->body);

  Params delete_params;
  delete_params.emplace("name", "john4");

  res = cli_.Delete("/person", delete_params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("DELETED", res->body);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john4");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, DeleteMethod2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/person/john5");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("name", "john5");
  params.emplace("note", "developer");

  res = cli_.Post("/person", params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john5");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  ASSERT_EQ("developer", res->body);

  Params delete_params;
  delete_params.emplace("name", "john5");

  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Custom-Header", "test-value");

  res = cli_.Delete("/person", headers, delete_params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("DELETED", res->body);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john5");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, DeleteMethod3) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/person/john6");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("name", "john6");
  params.emplace("note", "tester");

  res = cli_.Post("/person", params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john6");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  ASSERT_EQ("tester", res->body);

  Params delete_params;
  delete_params.emplace("name", "john6");

  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Custom-Header", "test-value");

  res = cli_.Delete("/person", headers, delete_params, nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("DELETED", res->body);

  res = cli_.Get("/person/john6");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWwwFormUrlEncodedJson) {
  Params params;
  params.emplace("json", JSON_DATA);

  auto res = cli_.Post("/x-www-form-urlencoded-json", params);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(JSON_DATA, res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostEmptyContent) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/empty", "", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("empty", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostEmptyContentWithNoContentType) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/empty-no-content-type");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("empty-no-content-type", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostPathOnly) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/path-only");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("path-only", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostPathAndHeadersOnly) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/path-headers-only",
                       Headers({{"hello", "world"}, {"hello2", "world2"}}));
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("path-headers-only", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostLarge) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/post-large", LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(LARGE_DATA, res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutEmptyContentWithNoContentType) {
  auto res = cli_.Put("/empty-no-content-type");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("empty-no-content-type", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodDir) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));

  auto body = R"(<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
  <a href="/dir/test.html">Test</a>
  <a href="/hi">hi</a>
</body>
</html>
)";
  EXPECT_EQ(body, res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodDirTest) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("test.html", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodDirTestWithDoubleDots) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/../dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("test.html", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodInvalidPath) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/../test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodOutOfBaseDir) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/../www/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodOutOfBaseDir2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/../../www/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodDirMountTest) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/mount/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("test.html", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodDirMountTestWithDoubleDots) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/mount/dir/../dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/html", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("test.html", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodInvalidMountPath) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/mount/dir/../test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodEmbeddedNUL) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/mount/dir/test.html%00.js");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodOutOfBaseDirMount) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/mount/../www2/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodOutOfBaseDirMount2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/mount/dir/../../www2/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodOutOfBaseDirMountWithBackslash) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/mount/%2e%2e%5c/www2/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostMethod303) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/1", "body", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::SeeOther_303, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("/2", res->get_header_value("Location"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostMethod303Redirect) {
  cli_.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res = cli_.Post("/1", "body", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("redirected.", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ("/2", res->location);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, UserDefinedMIMETypeMapping) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/test.abcde");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/abcde", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("abcde", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, StaticFileRange) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/test.abcde", {{make_range_header({{2, 3}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/abcde", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("2", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 2-3/5", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("cd"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, StaticFileRanges) {
  auto res =
      cli_.Get("/dir/test.abcde", {{make_range_header({{1, 2}, {4, -1}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      res->get_header_value("Content-Type")
          .find(
              "multipart/byteranges; boundary=--cpp-httplib-multipart-data-") ==
      0);
  EXPECT_EQ("266", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, StaticFileRangeHead) {
  auto res = cli_.Head("/dir/test.abcde", {{make_range_header({{2, 3}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/abcde", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("2", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 2-3/5", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, StaticFileRangeBigFile) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/1MB.txt", {{make_range_header({{-1, 5}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("5", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 1048571-1048575/1048576",
            res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("LAST\n", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, StaticFileRangeBigFile2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/1MB.txt", {{make_range_header({{1, 4097}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("4097", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 1-4097/1048576", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, StaticFileBigFile) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/dir/1MB.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("1048576", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, InvalidBaseDirMount) {
  EXPECT_EQ(false, svr_.set_mount_point("invalid_mount_point", "./www3"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, Binary) {
  std::vector<char> binary{0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03};

  auto res = cli_.Post("/binary", binary.data(), binary.size(),
                       "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());

  res = cli_.Put("/binary", binary.data(), binary.size(),
                 "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());

  res = cli_.Patch("/binary", binary.data(), binary.size(),
                   "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());

  res = cli_.Delete("/binary", binary.data(), binary.size(),
                    "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, BinaryString) {
  auto binary = std::string("\x00\x01\x02\x03", 4);

  auto res = cli_.Post("/binary", binary, "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());

  res = cli_.Put("/binary", binary, "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());

  res = cli_.Patch("/binary", binary, "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());

  res = cli_.Delete("/binary", binary, "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(4U, res->body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, EmptyRequest) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Connection, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, LongRequest) {
  std::string request;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 545; i++) {
    request += "/TooLongRequest";
  }
  request += "OK";

  auto res = cli_.Get(request.c_str());

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, TooLongRequest) {
  std::string request;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 546; i++) {
    request += "/TooLongRequest";
  }
  request += "_NG";

  auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();

  cli_.set_keep_alive(true);
  auto res = cli_.Get(request.c_str());

  auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
  auto elapsed =
      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start)
          .count();

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::UriTooLong_414, res->status);
  EXPECT_LE(elapsed, 1000);
  EXPECT_EQ("close", res->get_header_value("Connection"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(cli_.is_socket_open());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, AlmostTooLongRequest) {
  // test for #2046 - URI length check shouldn't include other content on req
  // line URI is max URI length, minus 14 other chars in req line (GET, space,
  // leading /, space, HTTP/1.1)
  std::string request =
      "/" + string(CPPHTTPLIB_REQUEST_URI_MAX_LENGTH - 14, 'A');

  auto res = cli_.Get(request.c_str());

  ASSERT_TRUE(res) << "Error: " << to_string(res.error());
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, LongHeader) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "GET";
  req.path = "/hi";

  std::string host_and_port;
  host_and_port += HOST;
  host_and_port += ":";
  host_and_port += std::to_string(PORT);

  req.headers.emplace("Host", host_and_port.c_str());
  req.headers.emplace("Accept", "*/*");
  req.headers.emplace("User-Agent", "cpp-httplib/0.1");

  req.headers.emplace(
      "Header-Name",
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");

  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
  auto error = Error::Success;
  auto ret = cli_.send(req, *res, error);

  ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, LongQueryValue) {
  auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();

  cli_.set_keep_alive(true);
  auto res = cli_.Get(LONG_QUERY_URL.c_str());

  auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
  auto elapsed =
      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start)
          .count();

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::UriTooLong_414, res->status);
  EXPECT_LE(elapsed, 1000);
  EXPECT_EQ("close", res->get_header_value("Connection"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(cli_.is_socket_open());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, TooLongQueryValue) {
  auto res = cli_.Get(TOO_LONG_QUERY_URL.c_str());

  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Read, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, TooLongHeader) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "GET";
  req.path = "/hi";

  std::string host_and_port;
  host_and_port += HOST;
  host_and_port += ":";
  host_and_port += std::to_string(PORT);

  req.headers.emplace("Host", host_and_port.c_str());
  req.headers.emplace("Accept", "*/*");
  req.headers.emplace("User-Agent", "cpp-httplib/0.1");

  req.headers.emplace(
      "Header-Name",
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@"
      "@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");

  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
  auto error = Error::Success;
  auto ret = cli_.send(req, *res, error);

  ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HeaderCountAtLimit) {
  // Test with headers just under the 100 limit
  httplib::Headers headers;

  // Add 95 custom headers (the client will add Host, User-Agent, Accept, etc.)
  // This should keep us just under the 100 header limit
  for (int i = 0; i < 95; i++) {
    std::string name = "X-Test-Header-" + std::to_string(i);
    std::string value = "value" + std::to_string(i);
    headers.emplace(name, value);
  }

  // This should work fine as we're under the limit
  auto res = cli_.Get("/hi", headers);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res);
  if (res) { EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status); }
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HeaderCountExceedsLimit) {
  // Test with many headers to exceed the 100 limit
  httplib::Headers headers;

  // Add 150 headers to definitely exceed the 100 limit
  for (int i = 0; i < 150; i++) {
    std::string name = "X-Test-Header-" + std::to_string(i);
    std::string value = "value" + std::to_string(i);
    headers.emplace(name, value);
  }

  // This should fail due to exceeding header count limit
  cli_.set_keep_alive(true);
  auto res = cli_.Get("/hi", headers);

  // The server should respond with 400 Bad Request
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("close", res->get_header_value("Connection"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(cli_.is_socket_open());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PercentEncoding) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/e%6edwith%");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PercentEncodingUnicode) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/e%u006edwith%");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, InvalidPercentEncoding) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/%endwith%");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, InvalidPercentEncodingUnicode) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/%uendwith%");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, EndWithPercentCharacterInQuery) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/hello?aaa=bbb%");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PlusSignEncoding) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/a+%2Bb?a %2bb=a %2Bb");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("a +b", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HeaderCountSecurityTest) {
  // This test simulates a potential DoS attack using many headers
  // to verify our security fix prevents memory exhaustion

  httplib::Headers attack_headers;

  // Attempt to add many headers like an attacker would (200 headers to far
  // exceed limit)
  for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
    std::string name = "X-Attack-Header-" + std::to_string(i);
    std::string value = "attack_payload_" + std::to_string(i);
    attack_headers.emplace(name, value);
  }

  // Try to POST with excessive headers
  cli_.set_keep_alive(true);
  auto res = cli_.Post("/", attack_headers, "test_data", "text/plain");

  // Should either fail or return 400 Bad Request due to security limit
  if (res) {
    // If we get a response, it should be 400 Bad Request
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("close", res->get_header_value("Connection"));
  }

  EXPECT_FALSE(cli_.is_socket_open());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, MultipartFormData) {
  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"text1", "text default", "", ""},
      {"text2", "aωb", "", ""},
      {"file1", "h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", "hello.txt", "text/plain"},
      {"file2", "{\n  \"world\", true\n}\n", "world.json", "application/json"},
      {"file3", "", "", "application/octet-stream"},
      {"file4", "", "", "   application/json  tmp-string    "}};

  auto res = cli_.Post("/multipart", items);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, MultipartFormDataMultiFileValues) {
  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"text", "default text", "", ""},

      {"multi_text1", "aaaaa", "", ""},
      {"multi_text1", "bbbbb", "", ""},

      {"multi_file1", "h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", "hello.txt", "text/plain"},
      {"multi_file1", "{\n  \"world\", true\n}\n", "world.json",
       "application/json"},
  };

  auto res = cli_.Post("/multipart/multi_file_values", items);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, CaseInsensitiveHeaderName) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("content-type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, CaseInsensitiveTransferEncoding) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "POST";
  req.path = "/chunked";

  std::string host_and_port;
  host_and_port += HOST;
  host_and_port += ":";
  host_and_port += std::to_string(PORT);

  req.headers.emplace("Host", host_and_port.c_str());
  req.headers.emplace("Accept", "*/*");
  req.headers.emplace("User-Agent", "cpp-httplib/0.1");
  req.headers.emplace("Content-Type", "text/plain");
  req.headers.emplace("Content-Length", "0");
  req.headers.emplace(
      "Transfer-Encoding",
      "Chunked"); // Note, "Chunked" rather than typical "chunked".

  // Client does not chunk, so make a chunked body manually.
  req.body = "4\r\ndech\r\nf\r\nunked post body\r\n0\r\n\r\n";

  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
  auto error = Error::Success;
  auto ret = cli_.send(req, *res, error);

  ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamed2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed", {{make_range_header({{2, 3}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("2", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 2-3/6", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("ab"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamed) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("6", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("aaabbb"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithRange1) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range", {{make_range_header({{3, 5}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("3", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 3-5/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("def"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithRange2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range", {{make_range_header({{1, -1}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("6", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 1-6/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("bcdefg"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithRangeSuffix1) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range", {{"Range", "bytes=-3"}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("3", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 4-6/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("efg"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithRangeSuffix2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range?error", {{"Range", "bytes=-9999"}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("0", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithRangeError) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range",
                      {{"Range", "bytes=92233720368547758079223372036854775806-"
                                 "92233720368547758079223372036854775807"}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("0", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetRangeWithMaxLongLength) {
  auto res = cli_.Get(
      "/with-range",
      {{"Range", "bytes=0-" + std::to_string(std::numeric_limits<long>::max())},
       {"Accept-Encoding", ""}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("7", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 0-6/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("abcdefg"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetRangeWithZeroToInfinite) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {
                                         {"Range", "bytes=0-"},
                                         {"Accept-Encoding", ""},
                                     });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("7", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 0-6/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("abcdefg"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithRangeMultipart) {
  auto res =
      cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range", {{make_range_header({{1, 2}, {4, 5}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("267", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(267U, res->body.size());

  // Check that both range contents are present
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("bc\r\n") != std::string::npos);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("ef\r\n") != std::string::npos);

  // Check that Content-Range headers are present for both ranges
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("Content-Range: bytes 1-2/7") !=
              std::string::npos);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("Content-Range: bytes 4-5/7") !=
              std::string::npos);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithTooManyRanges) {
  Ranges ranges;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < CPPHTTPLIB_RANGE_MAX_COUNT + 1; i++) {
    ranges.emplace_back(0, -1);
  }

  auto res =
      cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range?error", {{make_range_header(ranges)}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("0", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithOverwrapping) {
  auto res =
      cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range", {{make_range_header({{1, 4}, {2, 5}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(5U, res->body.size());

  // Check that overlapping ranges are coalesced into a single range
  EXPECT_EQ("bcdef", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 1-5/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));

  // Should be single range, not multipart
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithNonAscendingRanges) {
  auto res =
      cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range", {{make_range_header({{4, 5}, {0, 2}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(268U, res->body.size());

  // Check that both range contents are present
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("ef\r\n") != std::string::npos);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("abc\r\n") != std::string::npos);

  // Check that Content-Range headers are present for both ranges
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("Content-Range: bytes 4-5/7") !=
              std::string::npos);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.find("Content-Range: bytes 0-2/7") !=
              std::string::npos);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithDuplicateRanges) {
  auto res =
      cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range", {{make_range_header({{0, 2}, {0, 2}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(269U, res->body.size());

  // Check that both duplicate range contents are present
  size_t first_abc = res->body.find("abc\r\n");
  EXPECT_TRUE(first_abc != std::string::npos);
  size_t second_abc = res->body.find("abc\r\n", first_abc + 1);
  EXPECT_TRUE(second_abc != std::string::npos);

  // Check that Content-Range headers are present for both ranges
  size_t first_range = res->body.find("Content-Range: bytes 0-2/7");
  EXPECT_TRUE(first_range != std::string::npos);
  size_t second_range =
      res->body.find("Content-Range: bytes 0-2/7", first_range + 1);
  EXPECT_TRUE(second_range != std::string::npos);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedWithRangesMoreThanTwoOverwrapping) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-with-range?error",
                      {{make_range_header({{0, 1}, {1, 2}, {2, 3}, {3, 4}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("0", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(0U, res->body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedEndless) {
  uint64_t offset = 0;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-cancel",
                      [&](const char * /*data*/, uint64_t data_length) {
                        if (offset < 100) {
                          offset += data_length;
                          return true;
                        }
                        return false;
                      });
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, ClientStop) {
  std::atomic_size_t count{4};
  std::vector<std::thread> threads;

  for (auto i = count.load(); i != 0; --i) {
    threads.emplace_back([&]() {
      auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-cancel",
                          [&](const char *, uint64_t) { return true; });

      --count;

      ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
      EXPECT_TRUE(res.error() == Error::Canceled ||
                  res.error() == Error::Read || res.error() == Error::Write);
    });
  }

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
  while (count != 0) {
    cli_.stop();
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
  }
  for (auto &t : threads) {
    t.join();
  }
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRange1) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {
                                         make_range_header({{3, 5}}),
                                         {"Accept-Encoding", ""},
                                     });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("3", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 3-5/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("def"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRange2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {
                                         make_range_header({{1, -1}}),
                                         {"Accept-Encoding", ""},
                                     });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("6", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 1-6/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("bcdefg"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRange3) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {
                                         make_range_header({{0, 0}}),
                                         {"Accept-Encoding", ""},
                                     });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("1", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 0-0/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("a"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRange4) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {
                                         make_range_header({{-1, 2}}),
                                         {"Accept-Encoding", ""},
                                     });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("2", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 5-6/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("fg"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRange5) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {
                                         make_range_header({{0, 5}}),
                                         {"Accept-Encoding", ""},
                                     });
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("6", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ("bytes 0-5/7", res->get_header_value("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("abcdef"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRangeOffsetGreaterThanContent) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {{make_range_header({{10000, 20000}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRangeMultipart) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range", {{make_range_header({{1, 2}, {4, 5}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("267", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(267U, res->body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRangeMultipartOffsetGreaterThanContent) {
  auto res =
      cli_.Get("/with-range", {{make_range_header({{-1, 2}, {10000, 30000}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::RangeNotSatisfiable_416, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRangeCustomizedResponse) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range-customized-response",
                      {{make_range_header({{1, 2}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(JSON_DATA, res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetWithRangeMultipartCustomizedResponseMultipleRange) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/with-range-customized-response",
                      {{make_range_header({{1, 2}, {4, 5}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(true, res->has_header("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Range"));
  EXPECT_EQ(JSON_DATA, res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, Issue1772) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/issue1772", {{make_range_header({{1000, -1}})}});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, Issue609) {
  auto res = cli_.Delete("/issue609");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("ok"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedChunked) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-chunked");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedChunked2) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-chunked2");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedChunkedWithTrailer) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-chunked-with-trailer");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), res->body);

  EXPECT_TRUE(res->has_header("Trailer"));
  EXPECT_EQ(1U, res->get_header_value_count("Trailer"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("Dummy1, Dummy2"), res->get_header_value("Trailer"));

  // Trailers are now stored separately from headers (security fix)
  EXPECT_EQ(2U, res->trailers.size());
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->has_trailer("Dummy1"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->has_trailer("Dummy2"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(res->has_trailer("Dummy3"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("DummyVal1"), res->get_trailer_value("Dummy1"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("DummyVal2"), res->get_trailer_value("Dummy2"));

  // Verify trailers are NOT in headers (security verification)
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string(""), res->get_header_value("Dummy1"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string(""), res->get_header_value("Dummy2"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, LargeChunkedPost) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "POST";
  req.path = "/large-chunked";

  std::string host_and_port;
  host_and_port += HOST;
  host_and_port += ":";
  host_and_port += std::to_string(PORT);

  req.headers.emplace("Host", host_and_port.c_str());
  req.headers.emplace("Accept", "*/*");
  req.headers.emplace("User-Agent", "cpp-httplib/0.1");
  req.headers.emplace("Content-Type", "text/plain");
  req.headers.emplace("Content-Length", "0");
  req.headers.emplace("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");

  std::string long_string(30 * 1024u, 'a');
  std::string chunk = "7800\r\n" + long_string + "\r\n";

  // Attempt to make a large enough post to exceed OS buffers, to test that
  // the server handles short reads if the full chunk data isn't available.
  req.body = chunk + chunk + chunk + chunk + chunk + chunk + "0\r\n\r\n";

  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
  auto error = Error::Success;
  auto ret = cli_.send(req, *res, error);

  ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodRemoteAddr) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/remote_addr");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body == "::1" || res->body == "127.0.0.1");
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetMethodLocalAddr) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/local_addr");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body == std::string("::1:").append(to_string(PORT)) ||
              res->body == std::string("127.0.0.1:").append(to_string(PORT)));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HTTPResponseSplitting) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/http_response_splitting");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, SlowRequest) {
  request_threads_.emplace_back([this]() { auto res = cli_.Get("/slow"); });
  request_threads_.emplace_back([this]() { auto res = cli_.Get("/slow"); });
  request_threads_.emplace_back([this]() { auto res = cli_.Get("/slow"); });
}

#if 0
TEST_F(ServerTest, SlowPost) {
  char buffer[64 * 1024];
  memset(buffer, 0x42, sizeof(buffer));

  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/slowpost", 64 * 1024 * 1024,
      [&](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        auto ret = sink.write(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
        EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, SlowPostFail) {
  char buffer[64 * 1024];
  memset(buffer, 0x42, sizeof(buffer));

  cli_.set_write_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(0));
  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/slowpost", 64 * 1024 * 1024,
      [&](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.write(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Write, res.error());
}
#endif

TEST_F(ServerTest, Put) {
  auto res = cli_.Put("/put", "PUT", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithContentProvider) {
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put", 3,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.os << "PUT";
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWithContentProviderAbort) {
  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/post", 42,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink & /*sink*/) {
        return false;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithContentProviderWithoutLength) {
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put",
      [](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.os << "PUT";
        sink.done();
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWithContentProviderWithoutLengthAbort) {
  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/post", [](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink & /*sink*/) { return false; },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostLoopBack) {
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/post-loopback", 9,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
        EXPECT_EQ(9u, length);
        sink.write("123", 3);
        sink.write("456", 3);
        sink.write("789", 3);
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain",
      [&body](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789", body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutLoopBack) {
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put-loopback", 9,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
        EXPECT_EQ(9u, length);
        sink.write("123", 3);
        sink.write("456", 3);
        sink.write("789", 3);
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain",
      [&body](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789", body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PatchLoopBack) {
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Patch(
      "/patch-loopback", 9,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
        EXPECT_EQ(9u, length);
        sink.write("123", 3);
        sink.write("456", 3);
        sink.write("789", 3);
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain",
      [&body](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789", body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostLoopBackWithoutRequestContentLength) {
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/post-loopback",
      [](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.write("123", 3);
        sink.write("456", 3);
        sink.write("789", 3);
        sink.done();
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain",
      [&body](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789", body);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithContentProviderWithGzip) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put", 3,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.os << "PUT";
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWithContentProviderWithGzipAbort) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/post", 42,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink & /*sink*/) {
        return false;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithContentProviderWithoutLengthWithGzip) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put",
      [](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.os << "PUT";
        sink.done();
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWithContentProviderWithoutLengthWithGzipAbort) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Post(
      "/post", [](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink & /*sink*/) { return false; },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Canceled, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutLargeFileWithGzip) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Put("/put-large", LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(LARGE_DATA, res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutLargeFileWithGzip2) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  std::string s = std::string("https://") + HOST + ":" + std::to_string(PORT);
  Client cli(s.c_str());
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#else
  std::string s = std::string("http://") + HOST + ":" + std::to_string(PORT);
  Client cli(s.c_str());
#endif
  cli.set_compress(true);

  auto res = cli.Put("/put-large", LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(LARGE_DATA, res->body);
  // The compressed size should be less than a 10th of the original. May vary
  // depending on the zlib library.
  EXPECT_LT(res.get_request_header_value_u64("Content-Length"),
            static_cast<uint64_t>(10 * 1024 * 1024));
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
  EXPECT_EQ("br", res.get_request_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT)
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", res.get_request_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
#elif defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT)
  EXPECT_EQ("zstd", res.get_request_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
#endif
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutContentWithDeflate) {
  cli_.set_compress(false);
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Content-Encoding", "deflate");
  // PUT in deflate format:
  auto res = cli_.Put("/put", headers,
                      "\170\234\013\010\015\001\0\001\361\0\372", "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedChunkedWithGzip) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");

  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-chunked", headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedChunkedWithGzip2) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");

  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-chunked2", headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, SplitDelimiterInPathRegex) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/regex-with-delimiter?key=^(?.*(value))");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(GzipDecompressor, ChunkedDecompression) {
  std::string data;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 32 * 1024; ++i) {
    data.push_back(static_cast<char>('a' + i % 26));
  }

  std::string compressed_data;
  {
    httplib::detail::gzip_compressor compressor;
    bool result = compressor.compress(
        data.data(), data.size(),
        /*last=*/true,
        [&](const char *compressed_data_chunk, size_t compressed_data_size) {
          compressed_data.insert(compressed_data.size(), compressed_data_chunk,
                                 compressed_data_size);
          return true;
        });
    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  }

  std::string decompressed_data;
  {
    httplib::detail::gzip_decompressor decompressor;

    // Chunk size is chosen specifically to have a decompressed chunk size equal
    // to 16384 bytes 16384 bytes is the size of decompressor output buffer
    size_t chunk_size = 130;
    for (size_t chunk_begin = 0; chunk_begin < compressed_data.size();
         chunk_begin += chunk_size) {
      size_t current_chunk_size =
          std::min(compressed_data.size() - chunk_begin, chunk_size);
      bool result = decompressor.decompress(
          compressed_data.data() + chunk_begin, current_chunk_size,
          [&](const char *decompressed_data_chunk,
              size_t decompressed_data_chunk_size) {
            decompressed_data.insert(decompressed_data.size(),
                                     decompressed_data_chunk,
                                     decompressed_data_chunk_size);
            return true;
          });
      ASSERT_TRUE(result);
    }
  }
  ASSERT_EQ(data, decompressed_data);
}

TEST(GzipDecompressor, DeflateDecompression) {
  std::string original_text = "Raw deflate without gzip";
  unsigned char data[32] = {0x78, 0x9C, 0x0B, 0x4A, 0x2C, 0x57, 0x48, 0x49,
                            0x4D, 0xCB, 0x49, 0x2C, 0x49, 0x55, 0x28, 0xCF,
                            0x2C, 0xC9, 0xC8, 0x2F, 0x2D, 0x51, 0x48, 0xAF,
                            0xCA, 0x2C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6F, 0x98, 0x09, 0x2E};
  std::string compressed_data(data, data + sizeof(data) / sizeof(data[0]));

  std::string decompressed_data;
  {
    httplib::detail::gzip_decompressor decompressor;

    bool result = decompressor.decompress(
        compressed_data.data(), compressed_data.size(),
        [&](const char *decompressed_data_chunk,
            size_t decompressed_data_chunk_size) {
          decompressed_data.insert(decompressed_data.size(),
                                   decompressed_data_chunk,
                                   decompressed_data_chunk_size);
          return true;
        });
    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  }
  ASSERT_EQ(original_text, decompressed_data);
}

TEST(GzipDecompressor, DeflateDecompressionTrailingBytes) {
  std::string original_text = "Raw deflate without gzip";
  unsigned char data[40] = {0x78, 0x9C, 0x0B, 0x4A, 0x2C, 0x57, 0x48, 0x49,
                            0x4D, 0xCB, 0x49, 0x2C, 0x49, 0x55, 0x28, 0xCF,
                            0x2C, 0xC9, 0xC8, 0x2F, 0x2D, 0x51, 0x48, 0xAF,
                            0xCA, 0x2C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6F, 0x98, 0x09, 0x2E,
                            0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
  std::string compressed_data(data, data + sizeof(data) / sizeof(data[0]));

  std::string decompressed_data;
  {
    httplib::detail::gzip_decompressor decompressor;

    bool result = decompressor.decompress(
        compressed_data.data(), compressed_data.size(),
        [&](const char *decompressed_data_chunk,
            size_t decompressed_data_chunk_size) {
          decompressed_data.insert(decompressed_data.size(),
                                   decompressed_data_chunk,
                                   decompressed_data_chunk_size);
          return true;
        });
    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  }
  ASSERT_EQ(original_text, decompressed_data);
}

#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedChunkedWithBrotli) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "br");

  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-chunked", headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GetStreamedChunkedWithBrotli2) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "br");

  auto res = cli_.Get("/streamed-chunked2", headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithContentProviderWithBrotli) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put", 3,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.os << "PUT";
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithContentProviderWithoutLengthWithBrotli) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put",
      [](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.os << "PUT";
        sink.done();
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutLargeFileWithBrotli) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Put("/put-large", LARGE_DATA, "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(LARGE_DATA, res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ("br", res.get_request_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
}
#endif

TEST_F(ServerTest, Patch) {
  auto res = cli_.Patch("/patch", "PATCH", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PATCH", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, Delete) {
  auto res = cli_.Delete("/delete");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("DELETE", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, DeleteContentReceiver) {
  auto res = cli_.Delete("/delete-body", "content", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("content", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, Options) {
  auto res = cli_.Options("*");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS", res->get_header_value("Allow"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.empty());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, URL) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/request-target?aaa=bbb&ccc=ddd");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, ArrayParam) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/array-param?array=value1&array=value2&array=value3");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, NoMultipleHeaders) {
  Headers headers = {{"Content-Length", "5"}};
  auto res = cli_.Post("/validate-no-multiple-headers", headers, "hello",
                       "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostContentReceiver) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/content_receiver", "content", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("content", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostMultipartFileContentReceiver) {
  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"text1", "text default", "", ""},
      {"text2", "aωb", "", ""},
      {"file1", "h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", "hello.txt", "text/plain"},
      {"file2", R"({\n  "world": true\n}\n)", "world.json", "application/json"},
      {"file3", "", "", "application/octet-stream"},
  };

  auto res = cli_.Post("/content_receiver", items);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostMultipartPlusBoundary) {
  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"text1", "text default", "", ""},
      {"text2", "aωb", "", ""},
      {"file1", "h\ne\n\nl\nl\no\n", "hello.txt", "text/plain"},
      {"file2", R"({\n  "world": true\n}\n)", "world.json", "application/json"},
      {"file3", "", "", "application/octet-stream"},
  };

  auto boundary = std::string("+++++");

  std::string body;

  for (const auto &item : items) {
    body += "--" + boundary + "\r\n";
    body += "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + item.name + "\"";
    if (!item.filename.empty()) {
      body += "; filename=\"" + item.filename + "\"";
    }
    body += "\r\n";
    if (!item.content_type.empty()) {
      body += "Content-Type: " + item.content_type + "\r\n";
    }
    body += "\r\n";
    body += item.content + "\r\n";
  }
  body += "--" + boundary + "--\r\n";

  std::string content_type = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
  auto res = cli_.Post("/content_receiver", body, content_type.c_str());

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostContentReceiverGzip) {
  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Post("/content_receiver", "content", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("content", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutContentReceiver) {
  auto res = cli_.Put("/content_receiver", "content", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("content", res->body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PatchContentReceiver) {
  auto res = cli_.Patch("/content_receiver", "content", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ("content", res->body);
}

template <typename ClientType>
void TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiver(
    ClientType &cli,
    std::function<Result(ClientType &, const std::string &, const Headers &,
                         const std::string &, const std::string &,
                         ContentReceiver, DownloadProgress)>
        request_func) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("X-Custom-Header", "test-value");

  std::string received_body;
  auto res = request_func(
      cli, "/content_receiver", headers, "content", "application/json",
      [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        received_body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      },
      nullptr);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("content", received_body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWithHeadersAndContentReceiver) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiver<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver, DownloadProgress progress) {
        return cli.Post(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver, progress);
      });
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithHeadersAndContentReceiver) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiver<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver, DownloadProgress progress) {
        return cli.Put(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver, progress);
      });
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PatchWithHeadersAndContentReceiver) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiver<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver, DownloadProgress progress) {
        return cli.Patch(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver, progress);
      });
}

template <typename ClientType>
void TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverWithProgress(
    ClientType &cli,
    std::function<Result(ClientType &, const std::string &, const Headers &,
                         const std::string &, const std::string &,
                         ContentReceiver, DownloadProgress)>
        request_func) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("X-Test-Header", "progress-test");

  std::string received_body;
  auto progress_called = false;

  auto res = request_func(
      cli, "/content_receiver", headers, "content", "text/plain",
      [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        received_body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      },
      [&](uint64_t /*current*/, uint64_t /*total*/) {
        progress_called = true;
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("content", received_body);
  EXPECT_TRUE(progress_called);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWithHeadersAndContentReceiverWithProgress) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverWithProgress<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver, DownloadProgress progress) {
        return cli.Post(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver, progress);
      });
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithHeadersAndContentReceiverWithProgress) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverWithProgress<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver, DownloadProgress progress) {
        return cli.Put(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver, progress);
      });
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PatchWithHeadersAndContentReceiverWithProgress) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverWithProgress<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver, DownloadProgress progress) {
        return cli.Patch(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver, progress);
      });
}

template <typename ClientType>
void TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverError(
    ClientType &cli, std::function<Result(ClientType &, const std::string &,
                                          const Headers &, const std::string &,
                                          const std::string &, ContentReceiver)>
                         request_func) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("X-Error-Test", "true");

  std::string received_body;
  auto receiver_failed = false;

  auto res =
      request_func(cli, "/content_receiver", headers, "content", "text/plain",
                   [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                     received_body.append(data, data_length);
                     receiver_failed = true;
                     return false;
                   });

  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(receiver_failed);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostWithHeadersAndContentReceiverError) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverError<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver) {
        return cli.Post(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver);
      });
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PuttWithHeadersAndContentReceiverError) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverError<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver) {
        return cli.Put(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver);
      });
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PatchWithHeadersAndContentReceiverError) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  using ClientT = SSLClient;
#else
  using ClientT = Client;
#endif
  TestWithHeadersAndContentReceiverError<ClientT>(
      cli_, [](ClientT &cli, const std::string &path, const Headers &headers,
               const std::string &body, const std::string &content_type,
               ContentReceiver receiver) {
        return cli.Patch(path, headers, body, content_type, receiver);
      });
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PostQueryStringAndBody) {
  auto res =
      cli_.Post("/query-string-and-body?key=value", "content", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, HTTP2Magic) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "PRI";
  req.path = "*";
  req.body = "SM";

  auto res = std::make_shared<Response>();
  auto error = Error::Success;
  auto ret = cli_.send(req, *res, error);

  ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, KeepAlive) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);

  res = cli_.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);

  res = cli_.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);

  res = cli_.Get("/not-exist");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  res = cli_.Post("/empty", "", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("empty", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ("close", res->get_header_value("Connection"));

  res = cli_.Post(
      "/empty", 0, [&](size_t, size_t, DataSink &) { return true; },
      "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("empty", res->body);

  cli_.set_keep_alive(false);
  res = cli_.Get("/last-request");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("close", res->get_header_value("Connection"));
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, TooManyRedirect) {
  cli_.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res = cli_.Get("/redirect/0");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::ExceedRedirectCount, res.error());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, BadRequestLineCancelsKeepAlive) {
  Request req;
  req.method = "FOOBAR";
  req.path = "/hi";

  cli_.set_keep_alive(true);
  auto res = cli_.send(req);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("close", res->get_header_value("Connection"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(cli_.is_socket_open());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, StartTime) { auto res = cli_.Get("/test-start-time"); }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
TEST_F(ServerTest, Gzip) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("33", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GzipWithContentTypeParameters) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress-with-charset", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("application/json; charset=utf-8",
            res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GzipWithoutAcceptEncoding) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding").empty());
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GzipWithContentReceiver) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers,
                      [&](const char *data, uint64_t data_length) {
                        EXPECT_EQ(100U, data_length);
                        body.append(data, data_length);
                        return true;
                      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("33", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GzipWithoutDecompressing) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");

  cli_.set_decompress(false);
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("33", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(33U, res->body.size());
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, GzipWithContentReceiverWithoutAcceptEncoding) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "");

  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers,
                      [&](const char *data, uint64_t data_length) {
                        EXPECT_EQ(100U, data_length);
                        body.append(data, data_length);
                        return true;
                      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding").empty());
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, NoGzip) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/nocompress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, NoGzipWithContentReceiver) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/nocompress", headers,
                      [&](const char *data, uint64_t data_length) {
                        EXPECT_EQ(100U, data_length);
                        body.append(data, data_length);
                        return true;
                      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, MultipartFormDataGzip) {
  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"key1", "test", "", ""},
      {"key2", "--abcdefg123", "", ""},
  };

  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Post("/compress-multipart", items);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
TEST_F(ServerTest, Brotli) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "br");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("br", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("19", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
TEST_F(ServerTest, Zstd) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "zstd");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("zstd", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, ZstdWithoutAcceptEncoding) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding").empty());
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, ZstdWithContentReceiver) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "zstd");
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers,
                      [&](const char *data, uint64_t data_length) {
                        EXPECT_EQ(100U, data_length);
                        body.append(data, data_length);
                        return true;
                      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("zstd", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, ZstdWithoutDecompressing) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "zstd");

  cli_.set_decompress(false);
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  unsigned char compressed[26] = {0x28, 0xb5, 0x2f, 0xfd, 0x20, 0x64, 0x8d,
                                  0x00, 0x00, 0x50, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34,
                                  0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0x30, 0x01,
                                  0x00, 0xd7, 0xa9, 0x20, 0x01};

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ("zstd", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("26", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_EQ(26U, res->body.size());
  EXPECT_TRUE(std::memcmp(compressed, res->body.data(), sizeof(compressed)) ==
              0);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, ZstdWithContentReceiverWithoutAcceptEncoding) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "");

  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers,
                      [&](const char *data, uint64_t data_length) {
                        EXPECT_EQ(100U, data_length);
                        body.append(data, data_length);
                        return true;
                      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding").empty());
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, NoZstd) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "zstd");
  auto res = cli_.Get("/nocompress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, NoZstdWithContentReceiver) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "zstd");
  std::string body;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/nocompress", headers,
                      [&](const char *data, uint64_t data_length) {
                        EXPECT_EQ(100U, data_length);
                        body.append(data, data_length);
                        return true;
                      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(false, res->has_header("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("100", res->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ("123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
            "7890123456789012345678901234567890",
            body);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

// TODO: How to enable zstd ??
TEST_F(ServerTest, MultipartFormDataZstd) {
  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"key1", "test", "", ""},
      {"key2", "--abcdefg123", "", ""},
  };
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "zstd");

  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Post("/compress-multipart", headers, items);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PutWithContentProviderWithZstd) {
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "zstd");

  cli_.set_compress(true);
  auto res = cli_.Put(
      "/put", headers, 3,
      [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.os << "PUT";
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT", res->body);
}

// Pre-compression logging tests
TEST_F(ServerTest, PreCompressionLogging) {
  // Test data for compression (matches the actual /compress endpoint content)
  const std::string test_content =
      "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
      "3456789012345678901234567890";

  // Variables to capture logging data
  std::string pre_compression_body;
  std::string pre_compression_content_type;
  std::string pre_compression_content_encoding;

  std::string post_compression_body;
  std::string post_compression_content_type;
  std::string post_compression_content_encoding;

  // Set up pre-compression logger
  svr_.set_pre_compression_logger([&](const Request & /*req*/,
                                      const Response &res) {
    pre_compression_body = res.body;
    pre_compression_content_type = res.get_header_value("Content-Type");
    pre_compression_content_encoding = res.get_header_value("Content-Encoding");
  });

  // Set up post-compression logger
  svr_.set_logger([&](const Request & /*req*/, const Response &res) {
    post_compression_body = res.body;
    post_compression_content_type = res.get_header_value("Content-Type");
    post_compression_content_encoding =
        res.get_header_value("Content-Encoding");
  });

  // Test with gzip compression
  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");

  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  // Verify response was compressed
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));

  // Verify pre-compression logger captured uncompressed content
  EXPECT_EQ(test_content, pre_compression_body);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", pre_compression_content_type);
  EXPECT_TRUE(pre_compression_content_encoding
                  .empty()); // No encoding header before compression

  // Verify post-compression logger captured compressed content
  EXPECT_NE(test_content,
            post_compression_body); // Should be different after compression
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", post_compression_content_type);
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", post_compression_content_encoding);

  // Verify compressed content is smaller
  EXPECT_LT(post_compression_body.size(), pre_compression_body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PreCompressionLoggingWithBrotli) {
  const std::string test_content =
      "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
      "3456789012345678901234567890";

  std::string pre_compression_body;
  std::string post_compression_body;

  svr_.set_pre_compression_logger(
      [&](const Request & /*req*/, const Response &res) {
        pre_compression_body = res.body;
      });

  svr_.set_logger([&](const Request & /*req*/, const Response &res) {
    post_compression_body = res.body;
  });

  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "br");

  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("br", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));

  // Verify pre-compression content is uncompressed
  EXPECT_EQ(test_content, pre_compression_body);

  // Verify post-compression content is compressed
  EXPECT_NE(test_content, post_compression_body);
  EXPECT_LT(post_compression_body.size(), pre_compression_body.size());
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PreCompressionLoggingWithoutCompression) {
  const std::string test_content =
      "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
      "3456789012345678901234567890";

  std::string pre_compression_body;
  std::string post_compression_body;

  svr_.set_pre_compression_logger(
      [&](const Request & /*req*/, const Response &res) {
        pre_compression_body = res.body;
      });

  svr_.set_logger([&](const Request & /*req*/, const Response &res) {
    post_compression_body = res.body;
  });

  // Request without compression (use /nocompress endpoint)
  Headers headers;
  auto res = cli_.Get("/nocompress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding").empty());

  // Pre-compression logger should not be called when no compression is applied
  EXPECT_TRUE(
      pre_compression_body.empty()); // Pre-compression logger not called
  EXPECT_EQ(
      test_content,
      post_compression_body); // Post-compression logger captures final content
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, PreCompressionLoggingOnlyPreLogger) {
  const std::string test_content =
      "123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
      "3456789012345678901234567890";

  std::string pre_compression_body;
  bool pre_logger_called = false;

  // Set only pre-compression logger
  svr_.set_pre_compression_logger(
      [&](const Request & /*req*/, const Response &res) {
        pre_compression_body = res.body;
        pre_logger_called = true;
      });

  Headers headers;
  headers.emplace("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");

  auto res = cli_.Get("/compress", headers);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", res->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));

  // Verify pre-compression logger was called
  EXPECT_TRUE(pre_logger_called);
  EXPECT_EQ(test_content, pre_compression_body);
}

TEST_F(ServerTest, SendLargeBodyAfterRequestLineError) {
  {
    // Test with Expect: 100-continue header - success case
    // Server returns 100 Continue, client sends body, server returns 200 OK
    Request req;
    req.method = "POST";
    req.path = "/post-large";
    req.set_header("Expect", "100-continue");
    req.body = LARGE_DATA;

    Response res;
    auto error = Error::Success;

    cli_.set_keep_alive(true);
    auto ret = cli_.send(req, res, error);

    EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res.status);
    EXPECT_EQ(LARGE_DATA, res.body);
  }

  {
    // Test with Expect: 100-continue header - error case
    // Client should not send the body when server returns an error
    Request req;
    req.method = "POST";
    req.path = "/post-large?q=" + LONG_QUERY_VALUE;
    req.set_header("Expect", "100-continue");
    req.body = LARGE_DATA;

    Response res;
    auto error = Error::Success;

    auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
    cli_.set_keep_alive(true);
    auto ret = cli_.send(req, res, error);
    auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();

    auto elapsed =
        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start)
            .count();

    // With Expect: 100-continue, request completes successfully but with error
    EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::UriTooLong_414, res.status);
    EXPECT_EQ("close", res.get_header_value("Connection"));
    EXPECT_FALSE(cli_.is_socket_open());
    EXPECT_LE(elapsed, 200);
  }

  {
    // Send an extra GET request to ensure error recovery without hanging
    Request req;
    req.method = "GET";
    req.path = "/hi";

    auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
    auto res = cli_.send(req);
    auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();

    auto elapsed =
        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start)
            .count();

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
    EXPECT_LE(elapsed, 500);
  }
}

TEST(ZstdDecompressor, ChunkedDecompression) {
  std::string data;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < 32 * 1024; ++i) {
    data.push_back(static_cast<char>('a' + i % 26));
  }

  std::string compressed_data;
  {
    httplib::detail::zstd_compressor compressor;
    bool result = compressor.compress(
        data.data(), data.size(),
        /*last=*/true,
        [&](const char *compressed_data_chunk, size_t compressed_data_size) {
          compressed_data.insert(compressed_data.size(), compressed_data_chunk,
                                 compressed_data_size);
          return true;
        });
    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  }

  std::string decompressed_data;
  {
    httplib::detail::zstd_decompressor decompressor;

    // Chunk size is chosen specifically to have a decompressed chunk size equal
    // to 16384 bytes 16384 bytes is the size of decompressor output buffer
    size_t chunk_size = 130;
    for (size_t chunk_begin = 0; chunk_begin < compressed_data.size();
         chunk_begin += chunk_size) {
      size_t current_chunk_size =
          std::min(compressed_data.size() - chunk_begin, chunk_size);
      bool result = decompressor.decompress(
          compressed_data.data() + chunk_begin, current_chunk_size,
          [&](const char *decompressed_data_chunk,
              size_t decompressed_data_chunk_size) {
            decompressed_data.insert(decompressed_data.size(),
                                     decompressed_data_chunk,
                                     decompressed_data_chunk_size);
            return true;
          });
      ASSERT_TRUE(result);
    }
  }
  ASSERT_EQ(data, decompressed_data);
}

TEST(ZstdDecompressor, Decompress) {
  std::string original_text = "Compressed with ZSTD";
  unsigned char data[29] = {0x28, 0xb5, 0x2f, 0xfd, 0x20, 0x14, 0xa1, 0x00,
                            0x00, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73,
                            0x73, 0x65, 0x64, 0x20, 0x77, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68,
                            0x20, 0x5a, 0x53, 0x54, 0x44};
  std::string compressed_data(data, data + sizeof(data) / sizeof(data[0]));

  std::string decompressed_data;
  {
    httplib::detail::zstd_decompressor decompressor;

    bool result = decompressor.decompress(
        compressed_data.data(), compressed_data.size(),
        [&](const char *decompressed_data_chunk,
            size_t decompressed_data_chunk_size) {
          decompressed_data.insert(decompressed_data.size(),
                                   decompressed_data_chunk,
                                   decompressed_data_chunk_size);
          return true;
        });
    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  }
  ASSERT_EQ(original_text, decompressed_data);
}
#endif

// Sends a raw request to a server listening at HOST:PORT.
static bool send_request(time_t read_timeout_sec, const std::string &req,
                         std::string *resp = nullptr) {
  auto error = Error::Success;

  auto client_sock = detail::create_client_socket(
      HOST, "", PORT, AF_UNSPEC, false, false, nullptr,
      /*connection_timeout_sec=*/5, 0,
      /*read_timeout_sec=*/5, 0,
      /*write_timeout_sec=*/5, 0, std::string(), error);

  if (client_sock == INVALID_SOCKET) { return false; }

  auto ret = detail::process_client_socket(
      client_sock, read_timeout_sec, 0, 0, 0, 0,
      std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::min(), [&](Stream &strm) {
        if (req.size() !=
            static_cast<size_t>(strm.write(req.data(), req.size()))) {
          return false;
        }

        char buf[512];

        detail::stream_line_reader line_reader(strm, buf, sizeof(buf));
        while (line_reader.getline()) {
          if (resp) { *resp += line_reader.ptr(); }
        }
        return true;
      });

  detail::close_socket(client_sock);

  return ret;
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, TrimWhitespaceFromHeaderValues) {
  Server svr;
  std::string header_value;
  svr.Get("/validate-ws-in-headers", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    header_value = req.get_header_value("foo");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Only space and horizontal tab are whitespace. Make sure other whitespace-
  // like characters are not treated the same - use vertical tab and escape.
  const std::string req = "GET /validate-ws-in-headers HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                          "foo: \t \v bar \x1B\t \r\n"
                          "Connection: close\r\n"
                          "\r\n";

  std::string res;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5, req, &res));
  EXPECT_EQ(header_value, "");
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", res.substr(0, 24));
}

// Sends a raw request and verifies that there isn't a crash or exception.
static void test_raw_request(const std::string &req,
                             std::string *out = nullptr) {
  Server svr;
  svr.Get("/hi", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });
  svr.Put("/put_hi", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });
  svr.Get("/header_field_value_check",
          [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
            res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
          });

  // Server read timeout must be longer than the client read timeout for the
  // bug to reproduce, probably to force the server to process a request
  // without a trailing blank line.
  const time_t client_read_timeout_sec = 1;
  svr.set_read_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(client_read_timeout_sec + 1));
  bool listen_thread_ok = false;
  thread t = thread([&] { listen_thread_ok = svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    EXPECT_TRUE(listen_thread_ok);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(client_read_timeout_sec, req, out));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, ReadHeadersRegexComplexity) {
  // A certain header line causes an exception if the header property is parsed
  // naively with a single regex. This occurs with libc++ but not libstdc++.
  test_raw_request(
      "GET /hi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
      " :                                                                      "
      "                                                                      "
      " ");
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, ReadHeadersRegexComplexity2) {
  // A certain header line causes an exception if the header property *name* is
  // parsed with a regular expression starting with "(.+?):" - this is a non-
  // greedy matcher and requires backtracking when there are a lot of ":"
  // characters.
  // This occurs with libc++ but not libstdc++.
  test_raw_request(
      "GET /hi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
      ":-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::-::::::::::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&"
      "--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&"
      "&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-:::::"
      "::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-::::::::::::::::::::::::"
      ":::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::"
      "::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&--:::::::-::::::::::::::::::::::"
      ":::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::"
      "::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-"
      "&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-::::::::::::::::"
      ":@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::"
      "::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-::::::@-&&"
      "&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@"
      "::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&"
      "--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&"
      "&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&"
      "&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&"
      "&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@"
      "-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::"
      "::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-::::::::::::"
      ":::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-::::::"
      ":::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::"
      "::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-"
      ":::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&---&&:&"
      "&&.0------------:-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::::::@-"
      "&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-::::::::::::::::"
      ":@-&&&&&&&&&&&--:::::::-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::::::::::::"
      "::::@-&&&&&&&&&&&---&&:&&&.0------------O--------\rH PUTHTTP/1.1\r\n"
      "&&&%%%");
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, ExcessiveWhitespaceInUnparsableHeaderLine) {
  // Make sure this doesn't crash the server.
  // In a previous version of the header line regex, the "\r" rendered the line
  // unparsable and the regex engine repeatedly backtracked, trying to look for
  // a new position where the leading white space ended and the field value
  // began.
  // The crash occurs with libc++ but not libstdc++.
  test_raw_request("GET /hi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                   "a:" +
                   std::string(2000, ' ') + '\r' + std::string(20, 'z') +
                   "\r\n"
                   "\r\n");
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, InvalidFirstChunkLengthInRequest) {
  std::string out;

  test_raw_request("PUT /put_hi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                   "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
                   "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n"
                   "\r\n"
                   "nothex\r\n",
                   &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, InvalidSecondChunkLengthInRequest) {
  std::string out;

  test_raw_request("PUT /put_hi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                   "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
                   "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n"
                   "\r\n"
                   "3\r\n"
                   "xyz\r\n"
                   "NaN\r\n",
                   &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, ChunkLengthTooHighInRequest) {
  std::string out;

  test_raw_request("PUT /put_hi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                   "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
                   "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n"
                   "\r\n"
                   // Length is too large for 64 bits.
                   "1ffffffffffffffff\r\n"
                   "xyz\r\n",
                   &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, InvalidHeaderTextWithExtraCR) {
  test_raw_request("GET /hi HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                   "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n\r");
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, InvalidSpaceInURL) {
  std::string out;
  test_raw_request("GET /h i HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n", &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, RemoteAddrSetOnBadRequest) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_error_handler([&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(!req.remote_addr.empty());
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Send an invalid request line to trigger Bad Request
  const std::string bad_req = "BADMETHOD / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n";
  std::string out;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5, bad_req, &out));
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, InvalidFieldValueContains_CR_LF_NUL) {
  std::string out;
  std::string request(
      "GET /header_field_value_check HTTP/1.1\r\nTest: [\r\x00\n]\r\n\r\n", 55);
  test_raw_request(request, &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, InvalidFieldValueContains_LF) {
  std::string out;
  std::string request(
      "GET /header_field_value_check HTTP/1.1\r\nTest: [\n\n\n]\r\n\r\n", 55);
  test_raw_request(request, &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, InvalidFieldNameContains_PreceedingSpaces) {
  std::string out;
  std::string request(
      "GET /header_field_value_check HTTP/1.1\r\n  Test: val\r\n\r\n", 55);
  test_raw_request(request, &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request", out.substr(0, 24));
}

TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, EmptyFieldValue) {
  std::string out;

  test_raw_request("GET /header_field_value_check HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                   "Test: \r\n\r\n",
                   &out);
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK", out.substr(0, 15));
}

TEST(ServerStopTest, StopServerWithChunkedTransmission) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/events", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_header("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/event-stream", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
          std::string s = "data:";
          s += std::to_string(offset);
          s += "\n\n";
          auto ret = sink.write(s.data(), s.size());
          EXPECT_TRUE(ret);
          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
          return true;
        });
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client client(HOST, PORT);
  const Headers headers = {{"Accept", "text/event-stream"}};

  auto get_thread = std::thread([&client, &headers]() {
    auto res = client.Get(
        "/events", headers,
        [](const char * /*data*/, size_t /*len*/) -> bool { return true; });
  });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    get_thread.join();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  // Give GET time to get a few messages.
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
}

TEST(ServerStopTest, ClientAccessAfterServerDown) {
  httplib::Server svr;
  svr.Post("/hi",
           [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
             res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
           });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  auto res = cli.Post("/hi", "data", "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  svr.stop();
  thread.join();
  ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());

  res = cli.Post("/hi", "data", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
}

TEST(ServerStopTest, ListenFailure) {
  Server svr;
  auto t = thread([&]() {
    auto ret = svr.listen("????", PORT);
    EXPECT_FALSE(ret);
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();
  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
TEST(ServerStopTest, Decommision) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/hi", [&](const Request &, Response &res) { res.body = "hi..."; });

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    auto is_even = !(i % 2);

    std::thread t{[&] {
      try {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

        if (is_even) {
          throw std::runtime_error("Some thing that happens to go wrong.");
        }

        svr.listen(HOST, PORT);
      } catch (...) { svr.decommission(); }
    }};

    svr.wait_until_ready();

    // Server is up
    {
      Client cli(HOST, PORT);
      auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
      if (is_even) {
        EXPECT_FALSE(res);
      } else {
        EXPECT_TRUE(res);
        EXPECT_EQ("hi...", res->body);
      }
    }

    svr.stop();
    t.join();

    // Server is down...
    {
      Client cli(HOST, PORT);
      auto res = cli.Get("/hi");
      EXPECT_FALSE(res);
    }
  }
}
#endif

// Helper function for string body upload progress tests
template <typename SetupHandler, typename ClientCall>
void TestStringBodyUploadProgress(SetupHandler &&setup_handler,
                                  ClientCall &&client_call,
                                  const string &body) {
  Server svr;
  setup_handler(svr);

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  vector<uint64_t> progress_values;
  bool progress_called = false;

  auto res =
      client_call(cli, body, [&](uint64_t current, uint64_t /*total*/) -> bool {
        progress_values.push_back(current);
        progress_called = true;
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_TRUE(progress_called);
}

TEST(UploadProgressTest, PostStringBodyBasic) {
  TestStringBodyUploadProgress(
      [](Server &svr) {
        svr.Post("/test", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
          res.set_content("received", "text/plain");
        });
      },
      [](Client &cli, const string &body, UploadProgress progress_callback) {
        return cli.Post("/test", body, "text/plain", progress_callback);
      },
      "test data for upload progress");
}

TEST(UploadProgressTest, PutStringBodyBasic) {
  TestStringBodyUploadProgress(
      [](Server &svr) {
        svr.Put("/test", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
          res.set_content("put received", "text/plain");
        });
      },
      [](Client &cli, const string &body, UploadProgress progress_callback) {
        return cli.Put("/test", body, "text/plain", progress_callback);
      },
      "put test data for upload progress");
}

TEST(UploadProgressTest, PatchStringBodyBasic) {
  TestStringBodyUploadProgress(
      [](Server &svr) {
        svr.Patch("/test", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
          res.set_content("patch received", "text/plain");
        });
      },
      [](Client &cli, const string &body, UploadProgress progress_callback) {
        return cli.Patch("/test", body, "text/plain", progress_callback);
      },
      "patch test data for upload progress");
}

// Helper function for content provider upload progress tests
template <typename SetupHandler, typename ClientCall>
void TestContentProviderUploadProgress(SetupHandler &&setup_handler,
                                       ClientCall &&client_call) {
  Server svr;
  setup_handler(svr);

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  vector<uint64_t> progress_values;

  auto res =
      client_call(cli, [&](uint64_t current, uint64_t /*total*/) -> bool {
        progress_values.push_back(current);
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_FALSE(progress_values.empty());
}

TEST(UploadProgressTest, PostContentProviderProgress) {
  TestContentProviderUploadProgress(
      [](Server &svr) {
        svr.Post("/test", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
          res.set_content("provider received", "text/plain");
        });
      },
      [](Client &cli, UploadProgress progress_callback) {
        return cli.Post(
            "/test", 10,
            [](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
              sink.os << "test data";
              return true;
            },
            "text/plain", progress_callback);
      });
}

// Helper function for multipart upload progress tests
template <typename SetupHandler, typename ClientCall>
void TestMultipartUploadProgress(SetupHandler &&setup_handler,
                                 ClientCall &&client_call,
                                 const string &endpoint) {
  Server svr;
  setup_handler(svr);

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  vector<uint64_t> progress_values;

  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"field1", "value1", "", ""},
      {"field2", "longer value for progress tracking test", "", ""},
      {"file1", "file content data for upload progress", "test.txt",
       "text/plain"}};

  auto res = client_call(cli, endpoint, items,
                         [&](uint64_t current, uint64_t /*total*/) -> bool {
                           progress_values.push_back(current);
                           return true;
                         });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_FALSE(progress_values.empty());
}

TEST(UploadProgressTest, PostMultipartProgress) {
  TestMultipartUploadProgress(
      [](Server &svr) {
        svr.Post("/multipart", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
          EXPECT_TRUE(!req.form.files.empty() || !req.form.fields.empty());
          res.set_content("multipart received", "text/plain");
        });
      },
      [](Client &cli, const string &endpoint, const UploadFormDataItems &items,
         UploadProgress progress_callback) {
        return cli.Post(endpoint, items, progress_callback);
      },
      "/multipart");
}

// Helper function for basic download progress tests
template <typename SetupHandler, typename ClientCall>
void TestBasicDownloadProgress(SetupHandler &&setup_handler,
                               ClientCall &&client_call, const string &endpoint,
                               size_t expected_content_size) {
  Server svr;
  setup_handler(svr);

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  vector<uint64_t> progress_values;

  auto res = client_call(cli, endpoint,
                         [&](uint64_t current, uint64_t /*total*/) -> bool {
                           progress_values.push_back(current);
                           return true;
                         });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_FALSE(progress_values.empty());
  EXPECT_EQ(expected_content_size, res->body.size());
}

TEST(DownloadProgressTest, GetBasic) {
  TestBasicDownloadProgress(
      [](Server &svr) {
        svr.Get("/download", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
          string content(1000, 'D');
          res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
        });
      },
      [](Client &cli, const string &endpoint,
         DownloadProgress progress_callback) {
        return cli.Get(endpoint, progress_callback);
      },
      "/download", 1000u);
}

// Helper function for content receiver download progress tests
template <typename SetupHandler, typename ClientCall>
void TestContentReceiverDownloadProgress(SetupHandler &&setup_handler,
                                         ClientCall &&client_call,
                                         const string &endpoint,
                                         size_t expected_content_size) {
  Server svr;
  setup_handler(svr);

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  vector<uint64_t> progress_values;
  string received_body;

  auto res = client_call(
      cli, endpoint,
      [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) -> bool {
        received_body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      },
      [&](uint64_t current, uint64_t /*total*/) -> bool {
        progress_values.push_back(current);
        return true;
      });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_FALSE(progress_values.empty());
  EXPECT_EQ(expected_content_size, received_body.size());
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->body.empty());
}

TEST(DownloadProgressTest, GetWithContentReceiver) {
  TestContentReceiverDownloadProgress(
      [](Server &svr) {
        svr.Get("/download-receiver",
                [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
                  string content(2000, 'R');
                  res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
                });
      },
      [](Client &cli, const string &endpoint, ContentReceiver content_receiver,
         DownloadProgress progress_callback) {
        return cli.Get(endpoint, content_receiver, progress_callback);
      },
      "/download-receiver", 2000u);
}

TEST(StreamingTest, NoContentLengthStreaming) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/stream", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content_provider("text/plain", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
      if (offset < 6) {
        sink.os << (offset < 3 ? "a" : "b");
      } else {
        sink.done();
      }
      return true;
    });
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto listen_se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client client(HOST, PORT);

  auto get_thread = std::thread([&client]() {
    std::string s;
    auto res =
        client.Get("/stream", [&s](const char *data, size_t len) -> bool {
          s += std::string(data, len);
          return true;
        });

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("aaabbb", s);
  });
  auto get_se = detail::scope_exit([&] { get_thread.join(); });

  // Give GET time to get a few messages.
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
}

TEST(MountTest, Unmount) {
  Server svr;

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  svr.set_mount_point("/mount2", "./www2");

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  res = cli.Get("/mount2/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  svr.set_mount_point("/", "./www");

  res = cli.Get("/dir/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  svr.remove_mount_point("/");
  res = cli.Get("/dir/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  svr.remove_mount_point("/mount2");
  res = cli.Get("/mount2/dir/test.html");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
}

TEST(MountTest, Redicect) {
  Server svr;

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.set_mount_point("/", "./www");
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  auto res = cli.Get("/dir/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli.Get("/dir");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);

  res = cli.Get("/file");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  res = cli.Get("/file/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  res = cli.Get("/dir");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(MountTest, MultibytesPathName) {
  Server svr;

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.set_mount_point("/", "./www");
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  auto res = cli.Get(U8("/日本語Dir/日本語File.txt"));
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(U8("日本語コンテンツ"), res->body);
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, ReadTimeout) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/a", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
    res.set_content("a", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/b", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("b", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);
  cli.set_keep_alive(true);
  cli.set_read_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(1));

  auto resa = cli.Get("/a");
  ASSERT_FALSE(resa);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Read, resa.error());

  auto resb = cli.Get("/b");
  ASSERT_TRUE(resb);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, resb->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("b", resb->body);
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, MaxCount) {
  size_t keep_alive_max_count = 3;

  Server svr;
  svr.set_keep_alive_max_count(keep_alive_max_count);

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_keep_alive(true);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    auto result = cli.Get("/hi");
    ASSERT_TRUE(result);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, result->status);

    if (i == keep_alive_max_count - 1) {
      EXPECT_EQ("close", result->get_header_value("Connection"));
    } else {
      EXPECT_FALSE(result->has_header("Connection"));
    }
  }
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, Issue1041) {
  Server svr;
  svr.set_keep_alive_timeout(3);

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_keep_alive(true);

  auto result = cli.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, result->status);

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  result = cli.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, result->status);
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, Issue1959) {
  Server svr;
  svr.set_keep_alive_timeout(5);

  svr.Get("/a", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("a", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    if (!svr.is_running()) return;
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);
  cli.set_keep_alive(true);

  using namespace std::chrono;
  auto start = steady_clock::now();

  cli.Get("/a");

  svr.stop();
  listen_thread.join();

  auto end = steady_clock::now();
  auto elapsed = duration_cast<milliseconds>(end - start).count();

  EXPECT_LT(elapsed, 5000);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(KeepAliveTest, SSLClientReconnection) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  svr.set_keep_alive_timeout(1);

  svr.Get("/hi", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_keep_alive(true);

  auto result = cli.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, result->status);

  result = cli.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, result->status);

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));

  // Recoonect
  result = cli.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, result->status);

  result = cli.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, result->status);
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, SSLClientReconnectionPost) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  svr.set_keep_alive_timeout(1);
  std::string content = "reconnect";

  svr.Post("/hi", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_keep_alive(true);

  auto result = cli.Post(
      "/hi", content.size(),
      [&content](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.write(content.c_str(), content.size());
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, result->status);

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));

  // Recoonect
  result = cli.Post(
      "/hi", content.size(),
      [&content](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.write(content.c_str(), content.size());
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, result->status);

  result = cli.Post(
      "/hi", content.size(),
      [&content](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
        sink.write(content.c_str(), content.size());
        return true;
      },
      "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, result->status);
}

TEST(SNI_AutoDetectionTest, SNI_Logic) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  {
    SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
    ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

    svr.Get("/sni", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
      std::string expected = req.sni();
      EXPECT_EQ(expected, req.get_param_value("expected"));
      res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
    });

    auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
    auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
      svr.stop();
      listen_thread.join();
      ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    });

    svr.wait_until_ready();

    {
      SSLClient cli("localhost", PORT);
      cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
      auto res = cli.Get("/sni?expected=localhost");
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    }

    {
      SSLClient cli("::1", PORT);
      cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
      auto res = cli.Get("/sni?expected=");

      // NOTE: This may fail if the server is listening on IPv4 only
      // (e.g., when localhost resolves to 127.0.0.1 only)
      if (res) {
        EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
      } else {
        EXPECT_EQ(Error::Connection, res.error());
      }
    }
  }
}
#endif

TEST(ClientProblemDetectionTest, ContentProvider) {
  Server svr;

  size_t content_length = 1024 * 1024;

  svr.Get("/hi", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content_provider(
        content_length, "text/plain",
        [&](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
          auto out_len = std::min(length, static_cast<size_t>(1024));
          std::string out(out_len, '@');
          sink.write(out.data(), out_len);
          return offset < 4096;
        },
        [](bool success) { ASSERT_FALSE(success); });
  });

  svr.Get("/empty", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content_provider(
        0, "text/plain",
        [&](size_t /*offset*/, size_t /*length*/, DataSink & /*sink*/) -> bool {
          EXPECT_TRUE(false);
          return true;
        },
        [](bool success) { ASSERT_FALSE(success); });
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/hi", [&](const char * /*data*/,
                                  size_t /*data_length*/) { return false; });
    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/empty", [&](const char * /*data*/,
                                     size_t /*data_length*/) { return false; });
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  }
}

TEST(ErrorHandlerWithContentProviderTest, ErrorHandler) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_error_handler([](Request const &, Response &res) -> void {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/plain", [](std::size_t const, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
          sink.os << "hello";
          sink.os << "world";
          sink.done();
          return true;
        });
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::NotFound_404, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("helloworld", res->body);
}

TEST(LongPollingTest, ClientCloseDetection) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/events", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/plain", [](std::size_t const, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
          EXPECT_TRUE(sink.is_writable()); // the socket is alive
          sink.os << "hello";

          auto count = 10;
          while (count > 0 && sink.is_writable()) {
            this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::milliseconds(10));
            count--;
          }
          EXPECT_FALSE(sink.is_writable()); // the socket is closed
          return true;
        });
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  auto res = cli.Get("/events", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
    EXPECT_EQ("hello", string(data, data_length));
    return false; // close the socket immediately.
  });

  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
}

TEST(LongPollingTest, ClientCloseDetectionWithStreamOperator) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/events", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/plain", [](std::size_t const, DataSink &sink) -> bool {
          EXPECT_TRUE(sink.is_writable()); // the socket is alive
          sink.os << "hello";
          EXPECT_TRUE(sink.os.good());

          // Wait for the client to close the connection
          auto count = 10;
          while (count > 0 && sink.is_writable()) {
            this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::milliseconds(10));
            count--;
          }

          // After client disconnect, write repeatedly until the socket
          // write actually fails (small writes may be absorbed by the
          // kernel buffer)
          std::string chunk(1024, 'x');
          for (int i = 0; i < 1000 && sink.os.good(); i++) {
            sink.os << chunk;
          }
          EXPECT_TRUE(sink.os.fail());

          return true;
        });
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", port);

  auto res = cli.Get("/events", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
    EXPECT_EQ("hello", string(data, data_length));
    return false; // close the socket immediately.
  });

  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
}

TEST(GetWithParametersTest, GetWithParameters) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    EXPECT_EQ("world", req.get_param_value("hello"));
    EXPECT_EQ("world2", req.get_param_value("hello2"));
    EXPECT_EQ("world3", req.get_param_value("hello3"));
  });

  svr.Get("/params", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    EXPECT_EQ("world", req.get_param_value("hello"));
    EXPECT_EQ("world2", req.get_param_value("hello2"));
    EXPECT_EQ("world3", req.get_param_value("hello3"));
  });

  svr.Get(R"(/resources/([a-z0-9\\-]+))", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    EXPECT_EQ("resource-id", req.matches[1]);
    EXPECT_EQ("foo", req.get_param_value("param1"));
    EXPECT_EQ("bar", req.get_param_value("param2"));
  });

  svr.Get("/users/:id", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    EXPECT_EQ("user-id", req.path_params.at("id"));
    EXPECT_EQ("foo", req.get_param_value("param1"));
    EXPECT_EQ("bar", req.get_param_value("param2"));
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    Params params;
    params.emplace("hello", "world");
    params.emplace("hello2", "world2");
    params.emplace("hello3", "world3");
    auto res = cli.Get("/", params, Headers{});

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/params?hello=world&hello2=world2&hello3=world3");

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/resources/resource-id?param1=foo&param2=bar");

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    auto res = cli.Get("/users/user-id?param1=foo&param2=bar");

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(GetWithParametersTest, GetWithParameters2) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    auto text = req.get_param_value("hello");
    res.set_content(text, "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("hello", "world");

  std::string body;
  auto res = cli.Get("/", params, Headers{},
                     [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                       body.append(data, data_length);
                       return true;
                     });

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("world", body);
}

TEST(ClientDefaultHeadersTest, DefaultHeaders_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/range/32"};
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/httpbin/range/32"};
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli(host);
#else
  Client cli(host);
#endif

  cli.set_default_headers({make_range_header({{1, 10}})});
  cli.set_connection_timeout(5);

  {
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("bcdefghijk", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("bcdefghijk", res->body);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PartialContent_206, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(ServerDefaultHeadersTest, DefaultHeaders) {
  Server svr;
  svr.set_default_headers({{"Hello", "World"}});

  svr.Get("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("ok", res->body);
  EXPECT_EQ("World", res->get_header_value("Hello"));
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(KeepAliveTest, ReadTimeoutSSL) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/a", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
    res.set_content("a", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/b", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("b", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli("localhost", PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_keep_alive(true);
  cli.set_read_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(1));

  auto resa = cli.Get("/a");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!resa);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Read, resa.error());

  auto resb = cli.Get("/b");
  ASSERT_TRUE(resb);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, resb->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("b", resb->body);
}
#endif

class ServerTestWithAI_PASSIVE : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  ServerTestWithAI_PASSIVE()
      : cli_(HOST, PORT)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
        ,
        svr_(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)
#endif
  {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    cli_.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#endif
  }

  virtual void SetUp() {
    svr_.Get("/hi", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
      res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
    });

    t_ = thread(
        [&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr_.listen(std::string(), PORT, AI_PASSIVE)); });

    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    svr_.stop();
    t_.join();
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli_;
  SSLServer svr_;
#else
  Client cli_;
  Server svr_;
#endif
  thread t_;
};

TEST_F(ServerTestWithAI_PASSIVE, GetMethod200) {
  auto res = cli_.Get("/hi");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("text/plain", res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", res->body);
}

class ServerUpDownTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  ServerUpDownTest() : cli_(HOST, PORT) {}

  virtual void SetUp() {
    t_ = thread([&]() {
      svr_.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
      ASSERT_TRUE(svr_.listen_after_bind());
    });

    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    svr_.stop();
    t_.join();
  }

  Client cli_;
  Server svr_;
  thread t_;
};

TEST_F(ServerUpDownTest, QuickStartStop) {
  // Should not crash, especially when run with
  // --gtest_filter=ServerUpDownTest.QuickStartStop --gtest_repeat=1000
}

class PayloadMaxLengthTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  PayloadMaxLengthTest()
      : cli_(HOST, PORT)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
        ,
        svr_(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)
#endif
  {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    cli_.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#endif
  }

  virtual void SetUp() {
    svr_.set_payload_max_length(8);

    svr_.Post("/test", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
      res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
    });

    t_ = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr_.listen(HOST, PORT)); });

    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    svr_.stop();
    t_.join();
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli_;
  SSLServer svr_;
#else
  Client cli_;
  Server svr_;
#endif
  thread t_;
};

TEST_F(PayloadMaxLengthTest, ExceedLimit) {
  auto res = cli_.Post("/test", "123456789", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413, res->status);

  res = cli_.Post("/test", "12345678", "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(PayloadMaxLengthTest, ChunkedEncodingSecurityTest) {
  // Test chunked encoding with payload exceeding the 8-byte limit
  std::string large_chunked_data(16, 'A'); // 16 bytes, exceeds 8-byte limit

  auto res = cli_.Post("/test", large_chunked_data, "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413, res->status);
}

TEST_F(PayloadMaxLengthTest, ChunkedEncodingWithinLimit) {
  // Test chunked encoding with payload within the 8-byte limit
  std::string small_chunked_data(4, 'B'); // 4 bytes, within 8-byte limit

  auto res = cli_.Post("/test", small_chunked_data, "text/plain");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(PayloadMaxLengthTest, RawSocketChunkedTest) {
  // Test using send_request to send chunked data exceeding payload limit
  std::string chunked_request = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                                "Host: " +
                                std::string(HOST) + ":" + std::to_string(PORT) +
                                "\r\n"
                                "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n"
                                "Connection: close\r\n"
                                "\r\n"
                                "a\r\n" // 10 bytes chunk (exceeds 8-byte limit)
                                "0123456789\r\n"
                                "0\r\n" // End chunk
                                "\r\n";

  std::string response;
  bool result = send_request(1, chunked_request, &response);

  if (!result) {
    // If send_request fails, it might be because the server closed the
    // connection due to payload limit enforcement, which is acceptable
    SUCCEED()
        << "Server rejected oversized chunked request (connection closed)";
  } else {
    // If we got a response, check if it's an error response or connection was
    // closed early Short response length indicates connection was closed due to
    // payload limit
    if (response.length() <= 10) {
      SUCCEED() << "Server closed connection for oversized chunked request";
    } else {
      // Check for error status codes
      EXPECT_TRUE(response.find("413") != std::string::npos ||
                  response.find("Payload Too Large") != std::string::npos ||
                  response.find("400") != std::string::npos);
    }
  }
}

TEST_F(PayloadMaxLengthTest, NoContentLengthPayloadLimit) {
  // Test request without Content-Length header exceeding payload limit
  std::string request_without_content_length = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                                               "Host: " +
                                               std::string(HOST) + ":" +
                                               std::to_string(PORT) +
                                               "\r\n"
                                               "Connection: close\r\n"
                                               "\r\n";

  // Add payload exceeding the 8-byte limit
  std::string large_payload(16, 'X'); // 16 bytes, exceeds 8-byte limit
  request_without_content_length += large_payload;

  std::string response;
  bool result = send_request(1, request_without_content_length, &response);

  if (!result) {
    // If send_request fails, server likely closed connection due to payload
    // limit
    SUCCEED() << "Server rejected oversized request without Content-Length "
                 "(connection closed)";
  } else {
    // Check if server responded with error or closed connection early
    if (response.length() <= 10) {
      SUCCEED() << "Server closed connection for oversized request without "
                   "Content-Length";
    } else {
      // Check for error status codes
      EXPECT_TRUE(response.find("413") != std::string::npos ||
                  response.find("Payload Too Large") != std::string::npos ||
                  response.find("400") != std::string::npos);
    }
  }
}

TEST_F(PayloadMaxLengthTest, NoContentLengthWithinLimit) {
  // Test request without Content-Length header within payload limit
  std::string request_without_content_length = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                                               "Host: " +
                                               std::string(HOST) + ":" +
                                               std::to_string(PORT) +
                                               "\r\n"
                                               "Connection: close\r\n"
                                               "\r\n";

  // Add payload within the 8-byte limit
  std::string small_payload(4, 'Y'); // 4 bytes, within 8-byte limit
  request_without_content_length += small_payload;

  std::string response;
  bool result = send_request(1, request_without_content_length, &response);

  // For requests without Content-Length, the server may have different behavior
  // The key is that it should not reject due to payload limit for small
  // payloads
  if (result) {
    // Check for any HTTP response (success or error, but not connection closed)
    if (response.length() > 10) {
      SUCCEED()
          << "Server processed request without Content-Length within limit";
    } else {
      // Short response might indicate connection closed, which is acceptable
      SUCCEED() << "Server closed connection for request without "
                   "Content-Length (acceptable behavior)";
    }
  } else {
    // Connection failure might be due to protocol requirements
    SUCCEED() << "Connection issue with request without Content-Length "
                 "(environment-specific)";
  }
}

class LargePayloadMaxLengthTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  LargePayloadMaxLengthTest()
      : cli_(HOST, PORT)
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
        ,
        svr_(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE)
#endif
  {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    cli_.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
#endif
  }

  virtual void SetUp() {
    // Set 10MB payload limit
    const size_t LARGE_PAYLOAD_LIMIT = 10 * 1024 * 1024; // 10MB
    svr_.set_payload_max_length(LARGE_PAYLOAD_LIMIT);

    svr_.Post("/test", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
      res.set_content("Large payload test", "text/plain");
    });

    t_ = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr_.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    svr_.stop();
    t_.join();
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  SSLClient cli_;
  SSLServer svr_;
#else
  Client cli_;
  Server svr_;
#endif
  thread t_;
};

TEST_F(LargePayloadMaxLengthTest, ChunkedEncodingWithin10MB) {
  // Test chunked encoding with payload within 10MB limit
  std::string medium_payload(5 * 1024 * 1024,
                             'A'); // 5MB payload, within 10MB limit

  auto res = cli_.Post("/test", medium_payload, "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST_F(LargePayloadMaxLengthTest, ChunkedEncodingExceeds10MB) {
  // Test chunked encoding with payload exceeding 10MB limit
  std::string large_payload(12 * 1024 * 1024,
                            'B'); // 12MB payload, exceeds 10MB limit

  auto res = cli_.Post("/test", large_payload, "application/octet-stream");
  // Server may either return 413 or close the connection
  if (res) {
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413, res->status);
  } else {
    SUCCEED() << "Server closed connection for payload exceeding 10MB limit";
  }
}

TEST_F(LargePayloadMaxLengthTest, NoContentLengthWithin10MB) {
  // Test request without Content-Length header within 10MB limit
  std::string request_without_content_length = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                                               "Host: " +
                                               std::string(HOST) + ":" +
                                               std::to_string(PORT) +
                                               "\r\n"
                                               "Connection: close\r\n"
                                               "\r\n";

  // Add 1MB payload (within 10MB limit)
  std::string medium_payload(1024 * 1024, 'C'); // 1MB payload
  request_without_content_length += medium_payload;

  std::string response;
  bool result = send_request(5, request_without_content_length, &response);

  if (result) {
    // Should get a proper HTTP response for payloads within limit
    if (response.length() > 10) {
      SUCCEED() << "Server processed 1MB request without Content-Length within "
                   "10MB limit";
    } else {
      SUCCEED() << "Server closed connection (acceptable behavior for no "
                   "Content-Length)";
    }
  } else {
    SUCCEED() << "Connection issue with 1MB payload (environment-specific)";
  }
}

TEST_F(LargePayloadMaxLengthTest, NoContentLengthExceeds10MB) {
  // Test request without Content-Length header exceeding 10MB limit
  std::string request_without_content_length = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                                               "Host: " +
                                               std::string(HOST) + ":" +
                                               std::to_string(PORT) +
                                               "\r\n"
                                               "Connection: close\r\n"
                                               "\r\n";

  // Add 12MB payload (exceeds 10MB limit)
  std::string large_payload(12 * 1024 * 1024, 'D'); // 12MB payload
  request_without_content_length += large_payload;

  std::string response;
  bool result = send_request(10, request_without_content_length, &response);

  if (!result) {
    // Server should close connection due to payload limit
    SUCCEED() << "Server rejected 12MB request without Content-Length "
                 "(connection closed)";
  } else {
    // Check for error response
    if (response.length() <= 10) {
      SUCCEED()
          << "Server closed connection for 12MB request exceeding 10MB limit";
    } else {
      EXPECT_TRUE(response.find("413") != std::string::npos ||
                  response.find("Payload Too Large") != std::string::npos ||
                  response.find("400") != std::string::npos);
    }
  }
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
// `payload_max_length` is not enforced on decompressed body in ContentReader
// path.
TEST(PayloadLimitBypassTest, StreamingGzipDecompression) {
  Server svr;
  const size_t LIMIT = 64 * 1024; // 64KB
  svr.set_payload_max_length(LIMIT);

  size_t total = 0;
  svr.Post("/stream", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res,
                          const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    content_reader([&](const char * /*data*/, size_t len) {
      total += len;
      return true;
    });
    res.status = 200;
    res.set_content("stream_ok", "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Prepare 256KB raw data and gzip-compress it
  std::string raw(256 * 1024, 'A');
  std::string gz;
  {
    z_stream zs{};
    deflateInit2(&zs, Z_BEST_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED, 15 + 16, 8,
                 Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
    zs.next_in = reinterpret_cast<Bytef *>(const_cast<char *>(raw.data()));
    zs.avail_in = static_cast<uInt>(raw.size());
    char outbuf[4096];
    int ret;
    do {
      zs.next_out = reinterpret_cast<Bytef *>(outbuf);
      zs.avail_out = sizeof(outbuf);
      ret = deflate(&zs, Z_FINISH);
      gz.append(outbuf, sizeof(outbuf) - zs.avail_out);
    } while (ret != Z_STREAM_END);
    deflateEnd(&zs);
  }

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(std::chrono::seconds(5));
  Headers headers = {{"Content-Encoding", "gzip"}};
  auto res = cli.Post("/stream", headers, gz.data(), gz.size(),
                      "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);

  // Server must reject oversized decompressed payloads with 413.
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413, res->status);

  // Decompressed bytes delivered to the handler must not exceed LIMIT.
  EXPECT_LE(total, LIMIT);
}
#endif

// Regression test for DoS vulnerability: a malicious server sending a response
// without Content-Length header must not cause unbounded memory consumption on
// the client side. The client should stop reading after a reasonable limit,
// similar to the server-side set_payload_max_length protection.
TEST(ClientVulnerabilityTest, UnboundedReadWithoutContentLength) {
  constexpr size_t CLIENT_READ_LIMIT = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // 2MB safety limit

#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  auto server_thread = std::thread([] {
    constexpr size_t MALICIOUS_DATA_SIZE = 10 * 1024 * 1024; // 10MB from server
    auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    default_socket_options(srv);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 5, 0);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, 5, 0);

    sockaddr_in addr{};
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 2);
    ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);

    int opt = 1;
    ::setsockopt(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
#ifdef _WIN32
                 reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&opt),
#else
                 &opt,
#endif
                 sizeof(opt));

    ::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr));
    ::listen(srv, 1);

    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    if (cli != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      char buf[4096];
      ::recv(cli, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

      // Malicious response: no Content-Length, no chunked encoding
      std::string response_header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                                    "Connection: close\r\n"
                                    "\r\n";

      ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
             static_cast<const char *>(response_header.c_str()),
             static_cast<int>(response_header.size()),
#else
             response_header.c_str(), response_header.size(),
#endif
             0);

      // Send 10MB of data
      std::string chunk(64 * 1024, 'A');
      size_t total_sent = 0;

      while (total_sent < MALICIOUS_DATA_SIZE) {
        auto to_send = std::min(chunk.size(), MALICIOUS_DATA_SIZE - total_sent);
        auto sent = ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
                           static_cast<const char *>(chunk.c_str()),
                           static_cast<int>(to_send),
#else
                           chunk.c_str(), to_send,
#endif
                           0);
        if (sent <= 0) break;
        total_sent += static_cast<size_t>(sent);
      }

      detail::close_socket(cli);
    }
    detail::close_socket(srv);
  });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));

  size_t total_read = 0;

  {
    Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT + 2);
    cli.set_read_timeout(5, 0);
    cli.set_payload_max_length(CLIENT_READ_LIMIT);

    auto stream = cli.open_stream("GET", "/malicious");
    ASSERT_TRUE(stream.is_valid());

    char buffer[64 * 1024];
    ssize_t n;

    while ((n = stream.read(buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0) {
      total_read += static_cast<size_t>(n);
    }
  } // StreamHandle and Client destroyed here, closing the socket

  server_thread.join();

  // With set_payload_max_length, the client must stop reading before consuming
  // all 10MB. The read loop should be cut off at or near the configured limit.
  EXPECT_LE(total_read, CLIENT_READ_LIMIT)
      << "Client read " << total_read << " bytes, exceeding the configured "
      << "payload_max_length of " << CLIENT_READ_LIMIT << " bytes.";
}

// Verify that set_payload_max_length(0) means "no limit" and allows reading
// the entire response body without truncation.
TEST(ClientVulnerabilityTest, PayloadMaxLengthZeroMeansNoLimit) {
  static constexpr size_t DATA_SIZE = 4 * 1024 * 1024; // 4MB from server

#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  auto server_thread = std::thread([] {
    auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    default_socket_options(srv);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 5, 0);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, 5, 0);

    sockaddr_in addr{};
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 2);
    ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);

    int opt = 1;
    ::setsockopt(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
#ifdef _WIN32
                 reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&opt),
#else
                 &opt,
#endif
                 sizeof(opt));

    ::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr));
    ::listen(srv, 1);

    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    if (cli != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      char buf[4096];
      ::recv(cli, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

      std::string response_header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                                    "Connection: close\r\n"
                                    "\r\n";

      ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
             static_cast<const char *>(response_header.c_str()),
             static_cast<int>(response_header.size()),
#else
             response_header.c_str(), response_header.size(),
#endif
             0);

      std::string chunk(64 * 1024, 'A');
      size_t total_sent = 0;

      while (total_sent < DATA_SIZE) {
        auto to_send = std::min(chunk.size(), DATA_SIZE - total_sent);
        auto sent = ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
                           static_cast<const char *>(chunk.c_str()),
                           static_cast<int>(to_send),
#else
                           chunk.c_str(), to_send,
#endif
                           0);
        if (sent <= 0) break;
        total_sent += static_cast<size_t>(sent);
      }

#ifdef _WIN32
      ::shutdown(cli, SD_SEND);
#else
      ::shutdown(cli, SHUT_WR);
#endif
      // Drain until the client closes its end, ensuring all data is delivered
      char drain[1024];
      while (::recv(cli, drain, sizeof(drain), 0) > 0) {}
      detail::close_socket(cli);
    }
    detail::close_socket(srv);
  });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));

  size_t total_read = 0;

  {
    Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT + 2);
    cli.set_read_timeout(5, 0);
    cli.set_payload_max_length(0); // 0 means no limit

    auto stream = cli.open_stream("GET", "/data");
    ASSERT_TRUE(stream.is_valid());

    char buffer[64 * 1024];
    ssize_t n;

    while ((n = stream.read(buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0) {
      total_read += static_cast<size_t>(n);
    }
  }

  server_thread.join();

  EXPECT_EQ(total_read, DATA_SIZE)
      << "With payload_max_length(0), the client should read all " << DATA_SIZE
      << " bytes without truncation, but only read " << total_read << " bytes.";
}

// Verify that content_receiver bypasses the default payload_max_length,
// allowing streaming downloads larger than 100MB without requiring an explicit
// set_payload_max_length call.
TEST(ClientVulnerabilityTest, ContentReceiverBypassesDefaultPayloadMaxLength) {
  static constexpr size_t DATA_SIZE = 200 * 1024 * 1024; // 200MB from server

#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  auto server_thread = std::thread([] {
    auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    default_socket_options(srv);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 5, 0);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, 5, 0);

    sockaddr_in addr{};
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 2);
    ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);

    int opt = 1;
    ::setsockopt(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
#ifdef _WIN32
                 reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&opt),
#else
                 &opt,
#endif
                 sizeof(opt));

    ::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr));
    ::listen(srv, 1);

    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    if (cli != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      char buf[4096];
      ::recv(cli, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

      // Response with Content-Length larger than default 100MB limit
      auto content_length = std::to_string(DATA_SIZE);
      std::string response_header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                                    "Content-Length: " +
                                    content_length +
                                    "\r\n"
                                    "Connection: close\r\n"
                                    "\r\n";

      ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
             static_cast<const char *>(response_header.c_str()),
             static_cast<int>(response_header.size()),
#else
             response_header.c_str(), response_header.size(),
#endif
             0);

      std::string chunk(64 * 1024, 'A');
      size_t total_sent = 0;

      while (total_sent < DATA_SIZE) {
        auto to_send = std::min(chunk.size(), DATA_SIZE - total_sent);
        auto sent = ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
                           static_cast<const char *>(chunk.c_str()),
                           static_cast<int>(to_send),
#else
                           chunk.c_str(), to_send,
#endif
                           0);
        if (sent <= 0) break;
        total_sent += static_cast<size_t>(sent);
      }

      detail::close_socket(cli);
    }
    detail::close_socket(srv);
  });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));

  size_t total_received = 0;

  {
    Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT + 2);
    cli.set_read_timeout(10, 0);
    // Do NOT call set_payload_max_length — use the default 100MB limit

    auto res =
        cli.Get("/large", [&](const char * /*data*/, size_t data_length) {
          total_received += data_length;
          return true;
        });

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  server_thread.join();

  EXPECT_EQ(total_received, DATA_SIZE)
      << "With content_receiver, the client should read all " << DATA_SIZE
      << " bytes despite the default 100MB payload_max_length, but only read "
      << total_received << " bytes.";
}

// Verify that an explicit set_payload_max_length smaller than the response is
// enforced even when a content_receiver is used.
TEST(ClientVulnerabilityTest,
     ContentReceiverRespectsExplicitPayloadMaxLength150MB) {
  static constexpr size_t DATA_SIZE = 200 * 1024 * 1024; // 200MB from server
  static constexpr size_t EXPLICIT_LIMIT = 150 * 1024 * 1024; // 150MB limit

#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  auto server_thread = std::thread([] {
    auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    default_socket_options(srv);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 5, 0);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, 5, 0);

    sockaddr_in addr{};
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 2);
    ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);

    int opt = 1;
    ::setsockopt(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
#ifdef _WIN32
                 reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&opt),
#else
                 &opt,
#endif
                 sizeof(opt));

    ::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr));
    ::listen(srv, 1);

    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    if (cli != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      char buf[4096];
      ::recv(cli, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

      auto content_length = std::to_string(DATA_SIZE);
      std::string response_header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                                    "Content-Length: " +
                                    content_length +
                                    "\r\n"
                                    "Connection: close\r\n"
                                    "\r\n";

      ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
             static_cast<const char *>(response_header.c_str()),
             static_cast<int>(response_header.size()),
#else
             response_header.c_str(), response_header.size(),
#endif
             0);

      std::string chunk(64 * 1024, 'A');
      size_t total_sent = 0;

      while (total_sent < DATA_SIZE) {
        auto to_send = std::min(chunk.size(), DATA_SIZE - total_sent);
        auto sent = ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
                           static_cast<const char *>(chunk.c_str()),
                           static_cast<int>(to_send),
#else
                           chunk.c_str(), to_send,
#endif
                           0);
        if (sent <= 0) break;
        total_sent += static_cast<size_t>(sent);
      }

      detail::close_socket(cli);
    }
    detail::close_socket(srv);
  });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));

  size_t total_received = 0;

  {
    Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT + 2);
    cli.set_read_timeout(10, 0);
    cli.set_payload_max_length(EXPLICIT_LIMIT); // Explicit 150MB limit

    auto res =
        cli.Get("/large", [&](const char * /*data*/, size_t data_length) {
          total_received += data_length;
          return true;
        });

    // Should fail because 200MB exceeds the explicit 150MB limit
    EXPECT_FALSE(res);
  }

  server_thread.join();

  EXPECT_LE(total_received, EXPLICIT_LIMIT)
      << "Client with content_receiver should respect the explicit "
      << "payload_max_length of " << EXPLICIT_LIMIT << " bytes, but read "
      << total_received << " bytes.";
}

// Verify that an explicit set_payload_max_length larger than the response
// allows the content_receiver to read all data successfully.
TEST(ClientVulnerabilityTest,
     ContentReceiverRespectsExplicitPayloadMaxLength250MB) {
  static constexpr size_t DATA_SIZE = 200 * 1024 * 1024; // 200MB from server
  static constexpr size_t EXPLICIT_LIMIT = 250 * 1024 * 1024; // 250MB limit

#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  auto server_thread = std::thread([] {
    auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    default_socket_options(srv);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 5, 0);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, 5, 0);

    sockaddr_in addr{};
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 2);
    ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);

    int opt = 1;
    ::setsockopt(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
#ifdef _WIN32
                 reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&opt),
#else
                 &opt,
#endif
                 sizeof(opt));

    ::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr));
    ::listen(srv, 1);

    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    if (cli != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      char buf[4096];
      ::recv(cli, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

      auto content_length = std::to_string(DATA_SIZE);
      std::string response_header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                                    "Content-Length: " +
                                    content_length +
                                    "\r\n"
                                    "Connection: close\r\n"
                                    "\r\n";

      ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
             static_cast<const char *>(response_header.c_str()),
             static_cast<int>(response_header.size()),
#else
             response_header.c_str(), response_header.size(),
#endif
             0);

      std::string chunk(64 * 1024, 'A');
      size_t total_sent = 0;

      while (total_sent < DATA_SIZE) {
        auto to_send = std::min(chunk.size(), DATA_SIZE - total_sent);
        auto sent = ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
                           static_cast<const char *>(chunk.c_str()),
                           static_cast<int>(to_send),
#else
                           chunk.c_str(), to_send,
#endif
                           0);
        if (sent <= 0) break;
        total_sent += static_cast<size_t>(sent);
      }

#ifdef _WIN32
      ::shutdown(cli, SD_SEND);
#else
      ::shutdown(cli, SHUT_WR);
#endif
      char drain[1024];
      while (::recv(cli, drain, sizeof(drain), 0) > 0) {}
      detail::close_socket(cli);
    }
    detail::close_socket(srv);
  });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));

  size_t total_received = 0;

  {
    Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT + 2);
    cli.set_read_timeout(10, 0);
    cli.set_payload_max_length(EXPLICIT_LIMIT); // Explicit 250MB limit

    auto res =
        cli.Get("/large", [&](const char * /*data*/, size_t data_length) {
          total_received += data_length;
          return true;
        });

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  server_thread.join();

  EXPECT_EQ(total_received, DATA_SIZE)
      << "With explicit payload_max_length of " << EXPLICIT_LIMIT
      << " bytes (larger than " << DATA_SIZE
      << " bytes response), content_receiver should read all data, but only "
         "read "
      << total_received << " bytes.";
}

#if defined(CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT) && !defined(_WIN32)
// Regression test for "zip bomb" attack on the client side: a malicious server
// sends a small gzip-compressed response that decompresses to a huge payload.
// The client must enforce payload_max_length on the decompressed size.
TEST(ClientVulnerabilityTest, ZipBombWithoutContentLength) {
  constexpr size_t DECOMPRESSED_SIZE =
      10 * 1024 * 1024; // 10MB after decompression
  constexpr size_t CLIENT_READ_LIMIT = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // 2MB safety limit

  // Prepare gzip-compressed data: 10MB of zeros compresses to a few KB
  std::string uncompressed(DECOMPRESSED_SIZE, '\0');
  std::string compressed;
  {
    httplib::detail::gzip_compressor compressor;
    bool ok =
        compressor.compress(uncompressed.data(), uncompressed.size(),
                            /*last=*/true, [&](const char *buf, size_t len) {
                              compressed.append(buf, len);
                              return true;
                            });
    ASSERT_TRUE(ok);
  }
  // Sanity: compressed data should be much smaller than the decompressed size
  ASSERT_LT(compressed.size(), DECOMPRESSED_SIZE / 10);

#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  // Set up the listening socket in the main thread so the server is guaranteed
  // to be ready before the client connects (eliminates race condition).
  auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
  default_socket_options(srv);
  detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 5, 0);
  detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, 5, 0);

  sockaddr_in addr{};
  addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 3);
  ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);

  int opt = 1;
  ::setsockopt(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
#ifdef _WIN32
               reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&opt),
#else
               &opt,
#endif
               sizeof(opt));

  ASSERT_EQ(0, ::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr)));
  ASSERT_EQ(0, ::listen(srv, 1));

  auto server_thread = std::thread([&compressed, srv] {
    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    if (cli != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      // Read the full HTTP request (until \r\n\r\n)
      char buf[4096];
      size_t total = 0;
      while (total < sizeof(buf)) {
        auto n = ::recv(cli, buf + total, sizeof(buf) - total, 0);
        if (n <= 0) break;
        total += static_cast<size_t>(n);
        // Check for end of headers
        if (total >= 4) {
          std::string req(buf, total);
          if (req.find("\r\n\r\n") != std::string::npos) break;
        }
      }

      // Malicious response: gzip-compressed body, no Content-Length
      std::string response_header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                                    "Content-Encoding: gzip\r\n"
                                    "Connection: close\r\n"
                                    "\r\n";

      ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
             static_cast<const char *>(response_header.c_str()),
             static_cast<int>(response_header.size()),
#else
             response_header.c_str(), response_header.size(),
#endif
             0);

      // Send the compressed payload (small on the wire, huge when decompressed)
      size_t total_sent = 0;
      while (total_sent < compressed.size()) {
        auto to_send = std::min(compressed.size() - total_sent,
                                static_cast<size_t>(64 * 1024));
        auto sent =
            ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
                   static_cast<const char *>(compressed.c_str() + total_sent),
                   static_cast<int>(to_send),
#else
                   compressed.c_str() + total_sent, to_send,
#endif
                   0);
        if (sent <= 0) break;
        total_sent += static_cast<size_t>(sent);
      }

      detail::close_socket(cli);
    }
  });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    detail::close_socket(srv);
    server_thread.join();
  });

  size_t total_decompressed = 0;

  {
    Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT + 3);
    cli.set_read_timeout(5, 0);
    cli.set_decompress(true);
    cli.set_payload_max_length(CLIENT_READ_LIMIT);

    auto stream = cli.open_stream("GET", "/zipbomb");
    ASSERT_TRUE(stream.is_valid());

    char buffer[64 * 1024];
    ssize_t n;

    while ((n = stream.read(buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0) {
      total_decompressed += static_cast<size_t>(n);
    }
  }

  // The decompressed size must be capped by payload_max_length. Without
  // protection, the client would decompress the full 10MB from a tiny
  // compressed payload, enabling a zip bomb DoS attack.
  EXPECT_LE(total_decompressed, CLIENT_READ_LIMIT)
      << "Client decompressed " << total_decompressed
      << " bytes from a gzip response. The decompressed size should be "
      << "limited by set_payload_max_length to prevent zip bomb attacks.";
}
#endif

TEST(HostAndPortPropertiesTest, NoSSL) {
  httplib::Client cli("www.google.com", 1234);
  ASSERT_EQ("www.google.com", cli.host());
  ASSERT_EQ(1234, cli.port());
}

TEST(HostAndPortPropertiesTest, NoSSLWithSimpleAPI) {
  httplib::Client cli("www.google.com:1234");
  ASSERT_EQ("www.google.com", cli.host());
  ASSERT_EQ(1234, cli.port());
}

TEST(HostAndPortPropertiesTest, OverflowPortNumber) {
  // Port number that overflows int — should not crash, client becomes invalid
  httplib::Client cli("http://www.google.com:99999999999999999999");
  ASSERT_FALSE(cli.is_valid());
}

TEST(HostAndPortPropertiesTest, PortOutOfRange) {
  // Port 99999 exceeds valid range (1-65535) — should not crash
  httplib::Client cli("http://www.google.com:99999");
  ASSERT_FALSE(cli.is_valid());
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(HostAndPortPropertiesTest, SSL) {
  httplib::SSLClient cli("www.google.com");
  ASSERT_EQ("www.google.com", cli.host());
  ASSERT_EQ(443, cli.port());
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, UpdateCAStoreWithPem_Online) {
  // Test updating CA store multiple times using PEM-based load_ca_cert_store
  std::string cert;
  read_file(CA_CERT_FILE, cert);

  httplib::SSLClient httplib_client("www.google.com");

  // Load CA store first time
  httplib_client.load_ca_cert_store(cert.data(), cert.size());

  // Load CA store second time (update)
  httplib_client.load_ca_cert_store(cert.data(), cert.size());

  // Verify client is still valid and can make connections
  httplib_client.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  auto res = httplib_client.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  // Google may return 200 or 301 depending on various factors
  EXPECT_TRUE(res->status == StatusCode::OK_200 ||
              res->status == StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerNameIndication_Online) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_DEFAULT_HTTPBIN
  auto host = "httpcan.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/get"};
#else
  auto host = "nghttp2.org";
  auto path = std::string{"/httpbin/get"};
#endif

  SSLClient cli(host, 443);
  auto res = cli.Get(path);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerificationError_Online) {
  // Use a site that will cause SSL verification failure due to self-signed cert
  SSLClient cli("self-signed.badssl.com", 443);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  auto res = cli.Get("/");

  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::SSLServerVerification, res.error());

  // Verify backend error is captured for SSLServerVerification
  // This occurs when certificate verification fails
  // OpenSSL: X509_V_ERR_DEPTH_ZERO_SELF_SIGNED_CERT (18)
  // Mbed TLS: MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_NOT_TRUSTED or similar flags
  EXPECT_NE(0UL, res.ssl_backend_error());
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  // For OpenSSL, ssl_error is 0 for verification errors
  EXPECT_EQ(0, res.ssl_error());
#if !defined(_WIN32) ||                                                        \
    defined(CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE)
  // On non-Windows or when Windows Schannel is disabled, the error comes
  // from OpenSSL's verification
  EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<unsigned long>(X509_V_ERR_DEPTH_ZERO_SELF_SIGNED_CERT),
            res.ssl_backend_error());
#endif
#endif
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerHostnameVerificationError_Online) {
  // Use a site where hostname doesn't match the certificate
  // badssl.com provides wrong.host.badssl.com which has cert for *.badssl.com
  SSLClient cli("wrong.host.badssl.com", 443);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.enable_server_hostname_verification(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);

  // The error type depends on when hostname verification occurs:
  // - OpenSSL: SSLServerHostnameVerification (post-handshake verification)
  // - Mbed TLS: SSLServerVerification (during handshake)
  EXPECT_TRUE(res.error() == Error::SSLServerHostnameVerification ||
              res.error() == Error::SSLServerVerification);

  // Verify backend error is captured for hostname verification failure
  EXPECT_NE(0UL, res.ssl_backend_error());
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  // For OpenSSL, ssl_error is 0 for verification errors
  EXPECT_EQ(0, res.ssl_error());
#if !defined(_WIN32) ||                                                        \
    defined(CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE)
  // On non-Windows or when Windows Schannel is disabled, the error comes
  // from OpenSSL's hostname verification
  EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<unsigned long>(X509_V_ERR_HOSTNAME_MISMATCH),
            res.ssl_backend_error());
#endif
#endif
}

#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED) &&                      \
    !defined(CPPHTTPLIB_DISABLE_WINDOWS_AUTOMATIC_ROOT_CERTIFICATES_UPDATE)
TEST(SSLClientTest, WindowsCertificateVerification_DefaultEnabled) {
  SSLClient cli("www.google.com", 443);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  if (res) { EXPECT_NE(StatusCode::InternalServerError_500, res->status); }
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, WindowsCertificateVerification_Disabled) {
  SSLClient cli("www.google.com", 443);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.enable_windows_certificate_verification(false);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  if (res) { EXPECT_NE(StatusCode::InternalServerError_500, res->status); }
}
#endif

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification1_Online) {
  Client cli("https://google.com");
  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification2_Online) {
  SSLClient cli("google.com");
  cli.set_ca_cert_path(CA_CERT_FILE);
  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification3_Online) {
  SSLClient cli("google.com");
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.set_ca_cert_path("hello");

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::SSLLoadingCerts, res.error());

  // For SSL_CTX operations, ssl_error should be 0, only ssl_backend_error
  // should be set
  EXPECT_EQ(0, res.ssl_error());

  // Verify backend error is captured for SSLLoadingCerts
  // This error occurs when loading CA certificates fails
  EXPECT_NE(0UL, res.ssl_backend_error());
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
  // OpenSSL specific error codes:
  // > openssl errstr 0x80000002
  // error:80000002:system library::No such file or directory
  // > openssl errstr 0xA000126
  // error:0A000126:SSL routines::unexpected eof while reading
  EXPECT_TRUE(res.ssl_backend_error() == 0x80000002 ||
              res.ssl_backend_error() == 0xA000126);
#endif
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification4) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT2_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
    svr.stop();
    ASSERT_TRUE(true);
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen("127.0.0.1", PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli("127.0.0.1", PORT);
  cli.set_ca_cert_path(SERVER_CERT2_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification5_Online) {
  std::string cert;
  read_file(CA_CERT_FILE, cert);

  SSLClient cli("google.com");
  cli.load_ca_cert_store(cert.data(), cert.size());
  const auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ServerCertificateVerification6_Online) {
  // clang-format off
  static constexpr char cert[] =
    "GlobalSign Root CA\n"
    "==================\n"
    "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
    "MIIDdTCCAl2gAwIBAgILBAAAAAABFUtaw5QwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwVzELMAkGA1UEBhMCQkUx\n"
    "GTAXBgNVBAoTEEdsb2JhbFNpZ24gbnYtc2ExEDAOBgNVBAsTB1Jvb3QgQ0ExGzAZBgNVBAMTEkds\n"
    "b2JhbFNpZ24gUm9vdCBDQTAeFw05ODA5MDExMjAwMDBaFw0yODAxMjgxMjAwMDBaMFcxCzAJBgNV\n"
    "BAYTAkJFMRkwFwYDVQQKExBHbG9iYWxTaWduIG52LXNhMRAwDgYDVQQLEwdSb290IENBMRswGQYD\n"
    "VQQDExJHbG9iYWxTaWduIFJvb3QgQ0EwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDa\n"
    "DuaZjc6j40+Kfvvxi4Mla+pIH/EqsLmVEQS98GPR4mdmzxzdzxtIK+6NiY6arymAZavpxy0Sy6sc\n"
    "THAHoT0KMM0VjU/43dSMUBUc71DuxC73/OlS8pF94G3VNTCOXkNz8kHp1Wrjsok6Vjk4bwY8iGlb\n"
    "Kk3Fp1S4bInMm/k8yuX9ifUSPJJ4ltbcdG6TRGHRjcdGsnUOhugZitVtbNV4FpWi6cgKOOvyJBNP\n"
    "c1STE4U6G7weNLWLBYy5d4ux2x8gkasJU26Qzns3dLlwR5EiUWMWea6xrkEmCMgZK9FGqkjWZCrX\n"
    "gzT/LCrBbBlDSgeF59N89iFo7+ryUp9/k5DPAgMBAAGjQjBAMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBBjAPBgNV\n"
    "HRMBAf8EBTADAQH/MB0GA1UdDgQWBBRge2YaRQ2XyolQL30EzTSo//z9SzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUF\n"
    "AAOCAQEA1nPnfE920I2/7LqivjTFKDK1fPxsnCwrvQmeU79rXqoRSLblCKOzyj1hTdNGCbM+w6Dj\n"
    "Y1Ub8rrvrTnhQ7k4o+YviiY776BQVvnGCv04zcQLcFGUl5gE38NflNUVyRRBnMRddWQVDf9VMOyG\n"
    "j/8N7yy5Y0b2qvzfvGn9LhJIZJrglfCm7ymPAbEVtQwdpf5pLGkkeB6zpxxxYu7KyJesF12KwvhH\n"
    "hm4qxFYxldBniYUr+WymXUadDKqC5JlR3XC321Y9YeRq4VzW9v493kHMB65jUr9TU/Qr6cf9tveC\n"
    "X4XSQRjbgbMEHMUfpIBvFSDJ3gyICh3WZlXi/EjJKSZp4A==\n"
    "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
  // clang-format on

  SSLClient cli("google.com");
  cli.load_ca_cert_store(cert, sizeof(cert));
  const auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, WildcardHostNameMatch_Online) {
  SSLClient cli("www.youtube.com");

  cli.set_ca_cert_path(CA_CERT_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, WildcardHostNameMatchCase_Online) {
  SSLClient cli("wWw.YouTube.Com");

  cli.set_ca_cert_path(CA_CERT_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.enable_server_hostname_verification(true);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, HostNameMatchCase_Online) {
  SSLClient cli("gOoGlE.COm");

  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.enable_server_hostname_verification(true);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, Issue2004_Online) {
  Client client("https://google.com");
  client.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = client.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  auto body = res->body;
  EXPECT_EQ(body.substr(0, 15), "<!doctype html>");
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, ErrorReportingWhenInvalid) {
  // Create SSLClient with invalid cert/key to make is_valid() return false
  SSLClient cli("localhost", 8080, "nonexistent_cert.pem",
                "nonexistent_key.pem");

  // is_valid() should be false due to cert loading failure
  ASSERT_FALSE(cli.is_valid());

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::SSLConnection, res.error());
}

TEST(SSLClientTest, Issue2251_SwappedClientCertAndKey) {
  // Test for Issue #2251: SSL error not properly reported when client cert
  // and key paths are swapped or mismatched
  // This simulates the scenario where user accidentally swaps the cert and key
  // files

  // Using client cert file as private key and vice versa (completely wrong)
  SSLClient cli("localhost", 8080, "client.key.pem", "client.cert.pem");

  // Should fail validation due to cert/key mismatch
  ASSERT_FALSE(cli.is_valid());

  // Attempt to make a request should fail with proper error
  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::SSLConnection, res.error());

  // SSL error should be recorded in the Result object (this is the key fix for
  // Issue #2251)
  auto backend_error = res.ssl_backend_error();
  EXPECT_NE(0u, backend_error);
}

// Tests cert/key mismatch detection at the TLS context level
TEST(TlsApiTest, ClientCertKeyMismatch) {
  // Test that using mismatched cert/key causes connection failure.
  // We verify this at the SSLClient level rather than through internal
  // TLS API functions.
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, "client.cert.pem", "key.pem");
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(2);

  // The mismatch should cause a connection or handshake error
  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  // OpenSSL detects mismatch at context setup, MbedTLS at handshake
  // Either way, the request should fail
  EXPECT_FALSE(res);
}
#endif

#if 0
TEST(SSLClientTest, SetInterfaceWithINET6) {
  auto cli = std::make_shared<httplib::Client>("https://httpcan.org");
  ASSERT_TRUE(cli != nullptr);

  cli->set_address_family(AF_INET6);
  cli->set_interface("en0");

  auto res = cli->Get("/get");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}
#endif

// ClientCertPresent uses get_peer_cert() - works with all TLS backends
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
void ClientCertPresent(
    const std::string &client_cert_file,
    const std::string &client_private_key_file,
    const std::string &client_encrypted_private_key_pass = std::string()) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE,
                CLIENT_CA_CERT_DIR);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");

    auto cert = req.peer_cert();
    ASSERT_TRUE(static_cast<bool>(cert));

    std::string common_name = cert.subject_cn();
    EXPECT_EQ("Common Name", common_name);
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, client_cert_file, client_private_key_file,
                client_encrypted_private_key_pass);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, ClientCertPresent) {
  ClientCertPresent(CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, ClientEncryptedCertPresent) {
  ClientCertPresent(CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_CERT_FILE,
                    CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE,
                    CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_PASS);
}

// PEM memory-based constructor tests (works with all TLS backends)
void PemMemoryClientCertPresent(
    const std::string &client_cert_file,
    const std::string &client_private_key_file,
    const std::string &client_encrypted_private_key_pass = std::string()) {
  // Read PEM files into memory
  std::string server_cert_pem, server_key_pem;
  std::string client_ca_pem;
  std::string client_cert_pem, client_key_pem;

  read_file(SERVER_CERT_FILE, server_cert_pem);
  read_file(SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, server_key_pem);
  read_file(CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE, client_ca_pem);
  read_file(client_cert_file, client_cert_pem);
  read_file(client_private_key_file, client_key_pem);

  // Create server with PEM memory
  SSLServer::PemMemory server_pem = {
      server_cert_pem.c_str(),
      server_cert_pem.size(),
      server_key_pem.c_str(),
      server_key_pem.size(),
      client_ca_pem.c_str(),
      client_ca_pem.size(),
      nullptr // no password for server key
  };
  SSLServer svr(server_pem);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Create client with PEM memory
  const char *password = client_encrypted_private_key_pass.empty()
                             ? nullptr
                             : client_encrypted_private_key_pass.c_str();
  SSLClient::PemMemory client_pem = {
      client_cert_pem.c_str(), client_cert_pem.size(), client_key_pem.c_str(),
      client_key_pem.size(), password};
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, client_pem);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, PemMemoryClientCertPresent) {
  PemMemoryClientCertPresent(CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, PemMemoryClientEncryptedCertPresent) {
  PemMemoryClientCertPresent(CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_CERT_FILE,
                             CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE,
                             CLIENT_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY_PASS);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, ClientCertMissing) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE,
                CLIENT_CA_CERT_DIR);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &) { ASSERT_TRUE(false); });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  // When client cert is missing and server requires it, connection fails
  // Error type depends on backend implementation
  EXPECT_TRUE(res.error() == Error::SSLServerVerification ||
              res.error() == Error::SSLConnection);

  // Verify backend error is captured
  // Note: This test may have different error codes depending on the exact
  // verification failure
  EXPECT_NE(0UL, res.ssl_backend_error());
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, TrustDirOptional) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, SSLConnectTimeout) {
  class NoListenSSLServer : public SSLServer {
  public:
    NoListenSSLServer(const char *cert_path, const char *private_key_path,
                      const char *client_ca_cert_file_path,
                      const char *client_ca_cert_dir_path = nullptr)
        : SSLServer(cert_path, private_key_path, client_ca_cert_file_path,
                    client_ca_cert_dir_path),
          stop_(false) {}

    std::atomic_bool stop_;

  private:
    bool process_and_close_socket(socket_t /*sock*/) override {
      // Don't create SSL context
      while (!stop_.load()) {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
      }
      return true;
    }
  };
  NoListenSSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE,
                        CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop_ = true;
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(1);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(!res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::SSLConnection, res.error());
  // Timeout results in WantRead error code (maps to backend-specific value)
  EXPECT_NE(0, res.ssl_error());
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, CustomizeServerSSLCtxGeneric) {
  // Test SSLServer with client certificate verification using the standard
  // constructor (ContextSetupCallback is tested by backend-specific tests)
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE,
                CLIENT_CA_CERT_DIR);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");

    auto cert = req.peer_cert();
    ASSERT_TRUE(static_cast<bool>(cert));

    auto common_name = cert.subject_cn();
    EXPECT_EQ("Common Name", common_name);
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

// Test verify_hostname for both OpenSSL and MbedTLS backends
// Verifies that wildcard matching and exact matching work consistently
TEST(SSLClientServerTest, TlsVerifyHostname) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  // We need a running server to test against
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  bool verify_callback_called = false;
  bool verify_result_wrong = false;

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.set_ca_cert_path(CA_CERT_FILE);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(5);

  // Note: Test certificate has CN="Common Name", not "localhost"
  bool verify_result_cn = false;
  cli.set_server_certificate_verifier([&](const VerifyContext &ctx) -> bool {
    verify_callback_called = true;

    if (!ctx.cert) return false;

    // Test 1: "Common Name" should match (our test server cert CN)
    verify_result_cn = ctx.check_hostname("Common Name");

    // Test 2: wrong hostname should not match
    verify_result_wrong = ctx.check_hostname("wronghost.example.com");

    return true; // Accept for the purpose of this test
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  // The request may succeed or fail depending on cert configuration
  // but the callback should have been called

  ASSERT_TRUE(verify_callback_called)
      << "Verify callback should have been called";

  // CN="Common Name" should match our test certificate
  EXPECT_TRUE(verify_result_cn)
      << "verify_hostname should match 'Common Name' (certificate CN)";

  // Wrong hostname should not match
  EXPECT_FALSE(verify_result_wrong)
      << "verify_hostname should not match 'wronghost.example.com'";
}
#endif

// mbedTLS-specific callback constructor test
// Tests that the void* callback can customize TLS settings via MbedTlsContext

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(SSLClientServerTest, ClientCAListSentToClient) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  // Set up a handler to verify client certificate is present
  bool client_cert_verified = false;
  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    // Verify that client certificate was provided
    client_cert_verified = true;
    res.set_content("success", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Client with certificate
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client_cert_verified);
  EXPECT_EQ("success", res->body);
}
#endif

// ClientCAListSetInContext uses get_peer_cert() - works with all TLS
// backends
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(SSLClientServerTest, ClientCAListSetInContext) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  // Test that when client CA cert file is provided,
  // the server properly requests and validates client certificates

  // Create a server with client authentication
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  bool handler_called = false;
  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    handler_called = true;

    // Verify that a client certificate was provided
    auto cert = req.peer_cert();
    ASSERT_TRUE(static_cast<bool>(cert));

    // Get the issuer name
    std::string issuer_str = cert.issuer_name();
    ASSERT_FALSE(issuer_str.empty());

    // The client certificate should be issued by our test CA
    EXPECT_TRUE(issuer_str.find("Root CA Name") != std::string::npos);
    res.set_content("authenticated", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Connect with a client certificate issued by the CA
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(handler_called);
  EXPECT_EQ("authenticated", res->body);
}

TEST(TlsCertIntrospectionTest, GetCertSANs) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  bool cert_checked = false;
  cli.set_server_certificate_verifier([&](const VerifyContext &ctx) -> bool {
    if (ctx.cert) {
      auto sans = ctx.sans();
      // Test certificate may or may not have SANs - just verify the API
      // works If SANs exist, verify the types are valid
      for (const auto &san : sans) {
        EXPECT_TRUE(san.type == SanType::DNS || san.type == SanType::IP ||
                    san.type == SanType::EMAIL || san.type == SanType::URI ||
                    san.type == SanType::OTHER);
        EXPECT_FALSE(san.value.empty());
      }
      cert_checked = true;
    }
    return true;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(cert_checked);
}

TEST(TlsCertIntrospectionTest, GetCertValidity) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  bool validity_checked = false;
  cli.set_server_certificate_verifier([&](const VerifyContext &ctx) -> bool {
    if (ctx.cert) {
      time_t not_before = 0, not_after = 0;
      bool result = ctx.validity(not_before, not_after);
      EXPECT_TRUE(result);
      // Verify that not_before < now < not_after for a valid cert
      time_t now = time(nullptr);
      EXPECT_LT(not_before, now);
      EXPECT_GT(not_after, now);
      validity_checked = true;
    }
    return true;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(validity_checked);
}

TEST(TlsCertIntrospectionTest, GetCertSerial) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  bool serial_checked = false;
  cli.set_server_certificate_verifier([&](const VerifyContext &ctx) -> bool {
    if (ctx.cert) {
      std::string serial = ctx.serial();
      EXPECT_FALSE(serial.empty());
      // Serial should be a hex string
      for (char c : serial) {
        EXPECT_TRUE((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ||
                    (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f'));
      }
      serial_checked = true;
    }
    return true;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(serial_checked);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, ClientCAListLoadErrorRecorded) {
  // Test 1: Valid CA file - no error should be recorded
  {
    SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE,
                  CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
    ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

    // With valid setup, last_ssl_error should be 0
    EXPECT_EQ(0, svr.ssl_last_error());
  }

  // Test 2: Invalid CA file content
  // When SSL_load_client_CA_file fails, last_ssl_error_ should be set
  {
    // Create a temporary file with completely invalid content
    const char *temp_invalid_ca = "./temp_invalid_ca_for_test.txt";
    {
      std::ofstream ofs(temp_invalid_ca);
      ofs << "This is not a certificate file at all\n";
      ofs << "Just plain text content\n";
    }

    // Create server with invalid CA file
    SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, temp_invalid_ca);

    // Clean up temporary file
    std::remove(temp_invalid_ca);

    // When there's an SSL error (from either SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations
    // or SSL_load_client_CA_file), last_ssl_error_ should be non-zero
    // Note: SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations typically fails first,
    // but our error handling code path is still exercised
    if (!svr.is_valid()) { EXPECT_NE(0, svr.ssl_last_error()); }
  }
}

TEST(VerifyCallbackTest, VerifyContextFields) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  int callback_count = 0;
  bool saw_leaf_cert = false;

  cli.set_server_certificate_verifier([&](const VerifyContext &ctx) -> bool {
    if (ctx.cert) {
      callback_count++;
      // We should see at least one certificate (the leaf)
      std::string cn = ctx.subject_cn();
      if (!cn.empty()) { saw_leaf_cert = true; }
      // Verify context fields are populated
      EXPECT_NE(ctx.session, nullptr);
      EXPECT_GE(ctx.depth, 0);
    }
    return true;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_GT(callback_count, 0);
  EXPECT_TRUE(saw_leaf_cert);
}

TEST(TlsVerifyErrorTest, GetVerifyErrorString) {
  using httplib::tls::TlsError;

  // Test that verify_error_to_string returns empty for success
  std::string success_str = TlsError::verify_error_to_string(0);
  EXPECT_TRUE(success_str.empty());

  // Test that verify_error_to_string returns non-empty for error codes
  // Using a common error code (certificate expired)
  std::string error_str =
      TlsError::verify_error_to_string(10); // X509_V_ERR_CERT_HAS_EXPIRED
  EXPECT_FALSE(error_str.empty());
}

TEST(SessionVerifierTest, CertificateAccepted) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  bool callback_called = false;
  cli.set_session_verifier([&](tls::session_t session) -> SSLVerifierResponse {
    EXPECT_NE(session, nullptr);
    callback_called = true;
    return SSLVerifierResponse::CertificateAccepted;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_TRUE(callback_called);
}

TEST(SessionVerifierTest, CertificateRejected) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  bool callback_called = false;
  cli.set_session_verifier([&](tls::session_t session) -> SSLVerifierResponse {
    EXPECT_NE(session, nullptr);
    callback_called = true;
    return SSLVerifierResponse::CertificateRejected;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  EXPECT_FALSE(res);
  EXPECT_TRUE(callback_called);
}

TEST(SessionVerifierTest, NoDecisionFallsThrough) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // NoDecisionMade with verification disabled should succeed (no default check)
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  bool callback_called = false;
  cli.set_session_verifier([&](tls::session_t session) -> SSLVerifierResponse {
    EXPECT_NE(session, nullptr);
    callback_called = true;
    return SSLVerifierResponse::NoDecisionMade;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_TRUE(callback_called);
}

TEST(SessionVerifierTest, NoDecisionWithVerificationEnabled) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  svr.Get("/test", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // NoDecisionMade with verification enabled should fail (self-signed cert).
  // Note: On MbedTLS, the handshake itself fails before reaching the verifier,
  // so we only check that the request fails, not whether the callback was
  // called.
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  cli.set_session_verifier([&](tls::session_t session) -> SSLVerifierResponse {
    EXPECT_NE(session, nullptr);
    return SSLVerifierResponse::NoDecisionMade;
  });

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  EXPECT_FALSE(res);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, ClientCAListFromPem) {
  // Test SSL server using PemMemory constructor with client CA certificates

  // Read PEM files
  std::string server_cert_pem, server_key_pem, client_ca_pem;
  read_file(SERVER_CERT_FILE, server_cert_pem);
  read_file(SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, server_key_pem);
  read_file(CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE, client_ca_pem);

  // Create SSLServer with PemMemory constructor including client CA
  SSLServer::PemMemory server_pem = {
      server_cert_pem.c_str(),
      server_cert_pem.size(),
      server_key_pem.c_str(),
      server_key_pem.size(),
      client_ca_pem.c_str(),
      client_ca_pem.size(),
      nullptr // no password for server key
  };
  SSLServer svr(server_pem);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  // No SSL error should be recorded for valid setup
  EXPECT_EQ(0, svr.ssl_last_error());

  // Set up server endpoints
  svr.Get("/test-pem-ca", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  // Start server in a thread
  auto server_thread = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Connect with client certificate (using constructor with paths)
  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test-pem-ca");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("ok", res->body);

  svr.stop();
  server_thread.join();
}
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32
TEST(CleanupTest, WSACleanup) {
  int ret = WSACleanup();
  ASSERT_EQ(0, ret);
}
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(NoSSLSupport, SimpleInterface) {
  ASSERT_ANY_THROW(Client cli("https://yahoo.com"));
}
#endif

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
TEST(InvalidScheme, SimpleInterface) {
  ASSERT_ANY_THROW(Client cli("scheme://yahoo.com"));
}
#endif

TEST(NoScheme, SimpleInterface) {
  Client cli("yahoo.com:80");
  ASSERT_TRUE(cli.is_valid());
}

TEST(SendAPI, SimpleInterface_Online) {
  Client cli("http://yahoo.com");

  Request req;
  req.method = "GET";
  req.path = "/";
  auto res = cli.send(req);

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);
}

TEST(SendAPI, WithParamsInRequest) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(req.has_param("test"));
    EXPECT_EQ("test_value", req.get_param_value("test"));
  });

  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  {
    Request req;
    req.method = "GET";
    req.path = "/";
    req.params.emplace("test", "test_value");
    auto res = cli.send(req);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  }
  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/", {{"test", "test_value"}}, Headers{});
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  }
}

TEST(ClientImplMethods, GetSocketTest) {
  httplib::Server svr;
  svr.Get("/", [&](const httplib::Request & /*req*/, httplib::Response &res) {
    res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port("127.0.0.1");
  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    httplib::Client cli("127.0.0.1", port);
    cli.set_keep_alive(true);

    // Use the behavior of cpp-httplib of opening the connection
    // only when the first request happens. If that changes,
    // this test would be obsolete.

    EXPECT_EQ(cli.socket(), INVALID_SOCKET);

    // This also implicitly tests the server. But other tests would fail much
    // earlier than this one to be considered.

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);

    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    ASSERT_TRUE(cli.socket() != INVALID_SOCKET);
  }
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(YahooRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface_Online) {
  Client cli("http://yahoo.com");

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("https://www.yahoo.com/", res->location);
}

TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, SimpleInterface_Online) {
  Client cli("https://yahoo.com");

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("https://www.yahoo.com/", res->location);
}

TEST(YahooRedirectTest3, NewResultInterface_Online) {
  Client cli("https://yahoo.com");

  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_FALSE(!res);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_FALSE(res == nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Success, res.error());
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res.value().status);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, (*res).status);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::MovedPermanently_301, res->status);

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Success, res.error());
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res.value().status);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, (*res).status);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("https://www.yahoo.com/", res->location);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
TEST(DecodeWithChunkedEncoding, BrotliEncoding_Online) {
  Client cli("https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com");
  auto res =
      cli.Get("/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.js", {{"Accept-Encoding", "br"}});

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(287630U, res->body.size());
  EXPECT_EQ("application/javascript; charset=utf-8",
            res->get_header_value("Content-Type"));
}
#endif

// Previously "https://nghttp2.org" "/httpbin/redirect-to"
#undef REDIR_HOST // Silence compiler warning
#define REDIR_HOST "https://httpbingo.org"

TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest, SimpleInterface_Online) {
  Client cli(REDIR_HOST);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  auto res =
      cli.Get(REDIR_PATH "?url=http%3A%2F%2Fexample.com&status_code=302");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest2, SimpleInterface_Online) {
  Client cli(REDIR_HOST);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("url", "http://example.com");
  params.emplace("status_code", "302");

  auto res = cli.Get(REDIR_PATH, params, Headers{});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(HttpsToHttpRedirectTest3, SimpleInterface_Online) {
  Client cli(REDIR_HOST);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  Params params;
  params.emplace("url", "http://example.com");

  auto res = cli.Get(REDIR_PATH "?status_code=302", params, Headers{});
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(HttpToHttpsRedirectTest, CertFile) {
  auto ssl_port = PORT + 1;

  Server svr;
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  svr.Get("/index", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect("https://127.0.0.1:" + std::to_string(ssl_port) +
                     "/index");
    svr.stop();
  });

  SSLServer ssl_svr(SERVER_CERT2_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_svr.is_valid());
  ssl_svr.Get("/index", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
    ssl_svr.stop();
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen("127.0.0.1", PORT)); });
  thread t2 =
      thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_svr.listen("127.0.0.1", ssl_port)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    t2.join();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();
  ssl_svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("127.0.0.1", PORT);
  cli.set_ca_cert_path(SERVER_CERT2_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/index");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(SSLClientRedirectTest, CertFile) {
  auto ssl_port = PORT + 1;

  SSLServer ssl_svr1(SERVER_CERT2_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_svr1.is_valid());
  ssl_svr1.Get("/index", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect("https://127.0.0.1:" + std::to_string(ssl_port) +
                     "/index");
    ssl_svr1.stop();
  });

  SSLServer ssl_svr2(SERVER_CERT2_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_svr2.is_valid());
  ssl_svr2.Get("/index", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");
    ssl_svr2.stop();
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_svr1.listen("127.0.0.1", PORT)); });
  thread t2 =
      thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_svr2.listen("127.0.0.1", ssl_port)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    t2.join();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(ssl_svr1.is_running());
  });

  ssl_svr1.wait_until_ready();
  ssl_svr2.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli("127.0.0.1", PORT);
  std::string cert;
  read_file(SERVER_CERT2_FILE, cert);
  cli.load_ca_cert_store(cert.c_str(), cert.size());
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/index");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
// Test that set_ca_cert_store() skips system certs (consistent with
// set_ca_cert_path behavior). When a custom cert store is set, only those certs
// should be trusted - system certs should NOT be loaded.
TEST(SSLClientTest, SetCaCertStoreSkipsSystemCerts_Online) {
  // Load a specific cert that is NOT a system CA cert
  std::string cert;
  read_file(SERVER_CERT2_FILE, cert);

  SSLClient cli("google.com");
  cli.load_ca_cert_store(cert.c_str(), cert.size());
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(true);

  // This should FAIL because:
  // 1. We loaded only SERVER_CERT2 (a test cert, not a CA for google.com)
  // 2. System certs should NOT be loaded when custom store is set
  // If system certs WERE loaded, this would succeed
  auto res = cli.Get("/");
  ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::SSLServerVerification, res.error());
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, LargeData) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  svr.Post("/post", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/,
                        const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
      std::vector<FormData> items;
      content_reader(
          [&](const FormData &file) {
            items.push_back(file);
            return true;
          },
          [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
            items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
            return true;
          });

      EXPECT_TRUE(std::string(items[0].name) == "document");
      EXPECT_EQ(size_t(1024 * 1024 * 2), items[0].content.size());
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].filename == "2MB_data");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].content_type == "application/octet-stream");

      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].name == "hello");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content == "world");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].filename == "");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content_type == "");
    } else {
      std::string body;
      content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });
    }
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    std::string data(1024 * 1024 * 2, '.');
    std::stringstream buffer;
    buffer << data;

    SSLClient cli(HOST, port);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

    UploadFormDataItems items{
        {"document", buffer.str(), "2MB_data", "application/octet-stream"},
        {"hello", "world", "", ""},
    };

    auto res = cli.Post("/post", items);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, DataProviderItems) {

  std::random_device seed_gen;
  std::mt19937 random(seed_gen());

  std::string rand1;
  rand1.resize(1000);
  std::generate(rand1.begin(), rand1.end(), [&]() { return random(); });

  std::string rand2;
  rand2.resize(3000);
  std::generate(rand2.begin(), rand2.end(), [&]() { return random(); });

  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  svr.Post("/post-none", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/,
                             const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    ASSERT_FALSE(req.is_multipart_form_data());

    std::string body;
    content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
      body.append(data, data_length);
      return true;
    });

    EXPECT_EQ(body, "");
  });

  svr.Post("/post-items", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/,
                              const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    ASSERT_TRUE(req.is_multipart_form_data());
    std::vector<FormData> items;
    content_reader(
        [&](const FormData &file) {
          items.push_back(file);
          return true;
        },
        [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
          items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
          return true;
        });

    ASSERT_TRUE(items.size() == 2);

    EXPECT_EQ(std::string(items[0].name), "name1");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].content, "Testing123");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].filename, "filename1");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].content_type, "application/octet-stream");

    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].name, "name2");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].content, "Testing456");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].filename, "");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].content_type, "");
  });

  svr.Post("/post-providers", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/,
                                  const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    ASSERT_TRUE(req.is_multipart_form_data());
    std::vector<FormData> items;
    content_reader(
        [&](const FormData &file) {
          items.push_back(file);
          return true;
        },
        [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
          items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
          return true;
        });

    ASSERT_TRUE(items.size() == 2);

    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].name, "name3");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].content, rand1);
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].filename, "filename3");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].content_type, "");

    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].name, "name4");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].content, rand2);
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].filename, "filename4");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].content_type, "");
  });

  svr.Post("/post-both", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/,
                             const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    ASSERT_TRUE(req.is_multipart_form_data());
    std::vector<FormData> items;
    content_reader(
        [&](const FormData &file) {
          items.push_back(file);
          return true;
        },
        [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
          items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
          return true;
        });

    ASSERT_TRUE(items.size() == 4);

    EXPECT_EQ(std::string(items[0].name), "name1");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].content, "Testing123");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].filename, "filename1");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[0].content_type, "application/octet-stream");

    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].name, "name2");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].content, "Testing456");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].filename, "");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[1].content_type, "");

    EXPECT_EQ(items[2].name, "name3");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[2].content, rand1);
    EXPECT_EQ(items[2].filename, "filename3");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[2].content_type, "");

    EXPECT_EQ(items[3].name, "name4");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[3].content, rand2);
    EXPECT_EQ(items[3].filename, "filename4");
    EXPECT_EQ(items[3].content_type, "");
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    SSLClient cli("localhost", port);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

    UploadFormDataItems items{
        {"name1", "Testing123", "filename1", "application/octet-stream"},
        {"name2", "Testing456", "", ""}, // not a file
    };

    {
      auto res = cli.Post("/post-none", {}, {}, {});
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
      ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }

    FormDataProviderItems providers;

    {
      auto res =
          cli.Post("/post-items", {}, items, providers); // empty providers
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
      ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }

    providers.push_back({"name3",
                         [&](size_t offset, httplib::DataSink &sink) -> bool {
                           // test the offset is given correctly at each step
                           if (!offset)
                             sink.os.write(rand1.data(), 30);
                           else if (offset == 30)
                             sink.os.write(rand1.data() + 30, 300);
                           else if (offset == 330)
                             sink.os.write(rand1.data() + 330, 670);
                           else if (offset == rand1.size())
                             sink.done();
                           return true;
                         },
                         "filename3",
                         {}});

    providers.push_back({"name4",
                         [&](size_t offset, httplib::DataSink &sink) -> bool {
                           // test the offset is given correctly at each step
                           if (!offset)
                             sink.os.write(rand2.data(), 2000);
                           else if (offset == 2000)
                             sink.os.write(rand2.data() + 2000, 1);
                           else if (offset == 2001)
                             sink.os.write(rand2.data() + 2001, 999);
                           else if (offset == rand2.size())
                             sink.done();
                           return true;
                         },
                         "filename4",
                         {}});

    {
      auto res = cli.Post("/post-providers", {}, {}, providers);
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
      ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }

    {
      auto res = cli.Post("/post-both", {}, items, providers);
      ASSERT_TRUE(res);
      ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }
  }
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, BadHeader) {
  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/post", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  const std::string body =
      "This is the preamble.  It is to be ignored, though it\r\n"
      "is a handy place for composition agents to include an\r\n"
      "explanatory note to non-MIME conformant readers.\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "--simple boundary\r\n"
      "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"field1\"\r\n"
      ": BAD...\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "value1\r\n"
      "--simple boundary\r\n"
      "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"field2\"; "
      "filename=\"example.txt\"\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "value2\r\n"
      "--simple boundary--\r\n"
      "This is the epilogue.  It is also to be ignored.\r\n";

  std::string content_type =
      R"(multipart/form-data; boundary="simple boundary")";

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Post("/post", body, content_type.c_str());

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::BadRequest_400, res->status);
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, WithPreamble) {
  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/post", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  const std::string body =
      "This is the preamble.  It is to be ignored, though it\r\n"
      "is a handy place for composition agents to include an\r\n"
      "explanatory note to non-MIME conformant readers.\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "--simple boundary\r\n"
      "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"field1\"\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "value1\r\n"
      "--simple boundary\r\n"
      "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"field2\"; "
      "filename=\"example.txt\"\r\n"
      "\r\n"
      "value2\r\n"
      "--simple boundary--\r\n"
      "This is the epilogue.  It is also to be ignored.\r\n";

  std::string content_type =
      R"(multipart/form-data; boundary="simple boundary")";

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Post("/post", body, content_type.c_str());

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, PostCustomBoundary) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  svr.Post("/post_customboundary", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/,
                                       const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
      std::vector<FormData> items;
      content_reader(
          [&](const FormData &file) {
            items.push_back(file);
            return true;
          },
          [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
            items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
            return true;
          });

      EXPECT_TRUE(std::string(items[0].name) == "document");
      EXPECT_EQ(size_t(1024 * 1024 * 2), items[0].content.size());
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].filename == "2MB_data");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].content_type == "application/octet-stream");

      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].name == "hello");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content == "world");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].filename == "");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content_type == "");
    } else {
      std::string body;
      content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });
    }
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    std::string data(1024 * 1024 * 2, '.');
    std::stringstream buffer;
    buffer << data;

    SSLClient cli("localhost", port);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

    UploadFormDataItems items{
        {"document", buffer.str(), "2MB_data", "application/octet-stream"},
        {"hello", "world", "", ""},
    };

    auto res = cli.Post("/post_customboundary", {}, items, "abc-abc");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, PostInvalidBoundaryChars) {
  std::string data(1024 * 1024 * 2, '&');
  std::stringstream buffer;
  buffer << data;

  Client cli("https://localhost:8080");

  UploadFormDataItems items{
      {"document", buffer.str(), "2MB_data", "application/octet-stream"},
      {"hello", "world", "", ""},
  };

  for (const char &c : " \t\r\n") {
    auto res =
        cli.Post("/invalid_boundary", {}, items, string("abc123").append(1, c));
    ASSERT_EQ(Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars, res.error());
    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  }
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, PutFormData) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  svr.Put("/put", [&](const Request &req, const Response & /*res*/,
                      const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
      std::vector<FormData> items;
      content_reader(
          [&](const FormData &file) {
            items.push_back(file);
            return true;
          },
          [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
            items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
            return true;
          });

      EXPECT_TRUE(std::string(items[0].name) == "document");
      EXPECT_EQ(size_t(1024 * 1024 * 2), items[0].content.size());
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].filename == "2MB_data");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].content_type == "application/octet-stream");

      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].name == "hello");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content == "world");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].filename == "");
      EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content_type == "");
    } else {
      std::string body;
      content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
        body.append(data, data_length);
        return true;
      });
    }
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    std::string data(1024 * 1024 * 2, '&');
    std::stringstream buffer;
    buffer << data;

    SSLClient cli("localhost", port);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

    UploadFormDataItems items{
        {"document", buffer.str(), "2MB_data", "application/octet-stream"},
        {"hello", "world", "", ""},
    };

    auto res = cli.Put("/put", items);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, PutFormDataCustomBoundary) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  svr.Put("/put_customboundary",
          [&](const Request &req, const Response & /*res*/,
              const ContentReader &content_reader) {
            if (req.is_multipart_form_data()) {
              std::vector<FormData> items;
              content_reader(
                  [&](const FormData &file) {
                    items.push_back(file);
                    return true;
                  },
                  [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                    items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
                    return true;
                  });

              EXPECT_TRUE(std::string(items[0].name) == "document");
              EXPECT_EQ(size_t(1024 * 1024 * 2), items[0].content.size());
              EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].filename == "2MB_data");
              EXPECT_TRUE(items[0].content_type == "application/octet-stream");

              EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].name == "hello");
              EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content == "world");
              EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].filename == "");
              EXPECT_TRUE(items[1].content_type == "");
            } else {
              std::string body;
              content_reader([&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
                body.append(data, data_length);
                return true;
              });
            }
          });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    std::string data(1024 * 1024 * 2, '&');
    std::stringstream buffer;
    buffer << data;

    SSLClient cli("localhost", port);
    cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

    UploadFormDataItems items{
        {"document", buffer.str(), "2MB_data", "application/octet-stream"},
        {"hello", "world", "", ""},
    };

    auto res = cli.Put("/put_customboundary", {}, items, "abc-abc_");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, PutInvalidBoundaryChars) {
  std::string data(1024 * 1024 * 2, '&');
  std::stringstream buffer;
  buffer << data;

  Client cli("https://localhost:8080");
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

  UploadFormDataItems items{
      {"document", buffer.str(), "2MB_data", "application/octet-stream"},
      {"hello", "world", "", ""},
  };

  for (const char &c : " \t\r\n") {
    auto res = cli.Put("/put", {}, items, string("abc123").append(1, c));
    ASSERT_EQ(Error::UnsupportedMultipartBoundaryChars, res.error());
    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
  }
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, AlternateFilename) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    ASSERT_EQ(2u, req.form.files.size());
    ASSERT_EQ(1u, req.form.fields.size());

    // Test files
    const auto &file1 = req.form.get_file("file1");
    ASSERT_EQ("file1", file1.name);
    ASSERT_EQ("A.txt", file1.filename);
    ASSERT_EQ("text/plain", file1.content_type);
    ASSERT_EQ("Content of a.txt.\r\n", file1.content);

    const auto &file2 = req.form.get_file("file2");
    ASSERT_EQ("file2", file2.name);
    ASSERT_EQ("a.html", file2.filename);
    ASSERT_EQ("text/html", file2.content_type);
    ASSERT_EQ("<!DOCTYPE html><title>Content of a.html.</title>\r\n",
              file2.content);

    // Test text field
    const auto &text = req.form.get_field("text");
    ASSERT_EQ("text default", text);

    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");

    handled = true;
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Type: multipart/form-data;boundary=--------\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 399\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"text\"\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "text default\r\n"
             "----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; filename*=\"UTF-8''%41.txt\"; "
             "filename=\"a.txt\"; name=\"file1\"\r\n"
             "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "Content of a.txt.\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data;  name=\"file2\" ;filename = "
             "\"a.html\"\r\n"
             "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "<!DOCTYPE html><title>Content of a.html.</title>\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "------------\r\n";

  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req));
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, AlternateFilenameLongValueAndCaseInsensitive) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    // Case-insensitive "utf-8''" prefix with a long value
    const auto &file = req.form.get_file("file1");
    ASSERT_EQ("file1", file.name);
    // 8000 chars exercises both the Content-Disposition parser and the
    // filename* parser near the CPPHTTPLIB_HEADER_MAX_LENGTH limit (8192).
    // Prior to the fix, std::regex_match on this header would cause O(N)
    // stack recursion in libstdc++, leading to SIGSEGV.
    std::string expected_filename(8000, 'A');
    ASSERT_EQ(expected_filename, file.filename);

    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
    handled = true;
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Build body with a long filename* value using mixed-case prefix "Utf-8''"
  // Regression test for GHSA-qq6v-r583-3h69
  std::string long_filename(8000, 'A');
  std::string body = "----------\r\n"
                     "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file1\"; "
                     "filename*=\"Utf-8''" +
                     long_filename +
                     "\"\r\n"
                     "\r\n"
                     "hello\r\n"
                     "------------\r\n";

  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Type: multipart/form-data;boundary=--------\r\n"
             "Content-Length: " +
             std::to_string(body.size()) + "\r\n\r\n" + body;

  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req));
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, CloseDelimiterWithoutCRLF) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    ASSERT_EQ(2u, req.form.fields.size());

    const auto &text1 = req.form.get_field("text1");
    ASSERT_EQ("text1", text1);

    const auto &text2 = req.form.get_field("text2");
    ASSERT_EQ("text2", text2);

    handled = true;
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Type: multipart/form-data;boundary=--------\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 146\r\n"
             "\r\n----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"text1\"\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "text1"
             "\r\n----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"text2\"\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "text2"
             "\r\n------------";

  std::string response;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &response));
  ASSERT_EQ("200", response.substr(9, 3));
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, ContentLength) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    ASSERT_EQ(2u, req.form.fields.size());

    const auto &text1 = req.form.get_field("text1");
    ASSERT_EQ("text1", text1);

    const auto &text2 = req.form.get_field("text2");
    ASSERT_EQ("text2", text2);

    handled = true;
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Type: multipart/form-data;boundary=--------\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 167\r\n"
             "\r\n----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"text1\"\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 5\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "text1"
             "\r\n----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"text2\"\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "text2"
             "\r\n------------\r\n";

  std::string response;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &response));
  ASSERT_EQ("200", response.substr(9, 3));
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, AccessPartHeaders) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    ASSERT_EQ(2u, req.form.fields.size());

    const auto &text1 = req.form.get_field("text1");
    ASSERT_EQ("text1", text1);
    // TODO: Add header access for text fields if needed

    const auto &text2 = req.form.get_field("text2");
    ASSERT_EQ("text2", text2);
    // TODO: Header access for text fields needs to be implemented
    // auto &headers = it->second.headers;
    // ASSERT_EQ(3U, headers.size());
    // auto custom_header = headers.find("x-whatever");
    // ASSERT_TRUE(custom_header != headers.end());
    // ASSERT_NE("customvalue", custom_header->second);
    // ASSERT_EQ("CustomValue", custom_header->second);
    // ASSERT_TRUE(headers.find("X-Test") == headers.end()); // text1 header

    handled = true;
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Type: multipart/form-data;boundary=--------\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 232\r\n"
             "\r\n----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"text1\"\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 5\r\n"
             "X-Test: 1\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "text1"
             "\r\n----------\r\n"
             "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"text2\"\r\n"
             "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
             "X-Whatever: CustomValue\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "text2"
             "\r\n------------\r\n"
             "That should be disregarded. Not even read";

  std::string response;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &response));
  ASSERT_EQ("200", response.substr(9, 3));
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, LargeHeader) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &) {
    ASSERT_EQ(1u, req.form.fields.size());

    const auto &text = req.form.get_field("name1");
    ASSERT_EQ("text1", text);

    handled = true;
  });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  auto boundary = std::string("cpp-httplib-multipart-data");
  std::string content = "--" + boundary +
                        "\r\n"
                        "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"name1\"\r\n"
                        "\r\n"
                        "text1\r\n"
                        "--" +
                        boundary + "--\r\n";
  std::string header_prefix = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                              "Content-Type: multipart/form-data;boundary=" +
                              boundary +
                              "\r\n"
                              "Content-Length: " +
                              std::to_string(content.size()) +
                              "\r\n"
                              "Dummy-Header: ";
  std::string header_suffix = "\r\n"
                              "\r\n";
  size_t read_buff_size = 1024u * 4; // SocketStream::read_buff_size_
  size_t header_dummy_size =
      read_buff_size -
      (header_prefix.size() + header_suffix.size() + boundary.size() / 2);
  auto header_dummy = std::string(header_dummy_size, '@');
  auto req = header_prefix + header_dummy + header_suffix + content;

  std::string response;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &response));
  ASSERT_EQ("200", response.substr(9, 3));
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, UploadItemsHasContentLength) {
  // Verify that Post(path, headers, UploadFormDataItems) sends Content-Length
  // (not chunked Transfer-Encoding) after the streaming refactor.
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/upload", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    auto cl_it = req.headers.find("Content-Length");
    EXPECT_TRUE(cl_it != req.headers.end());
    auto te_it = req.headers.find("Transfer-Encoding");
    EXPECT_TRUE(te_it == req.headers.end());
    EXPECT_EQ(2u, req.form.fields.size() + req.form.files.size());
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
    handled = true;
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
  auto t = thread([&] { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  UploadFormDataItems items = {
      {"field1", "hello", "", "text/plain"},
      {"file1", "world", "test.txt", "application/octet-stream"},
  };

  Client cli(HOST, port);
  auto res = cli.Post("/upload", {}, items);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(MultipartFormDataTest, MakeFileProvider) {
  // Verify make_file_provider sends a file's contents correctly.
  const std::string file_content(4096, 'Z');
  const std::string tmp_path = "/tmp/httplib_test_make_file_provider.bin";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(tmp_path, std::ios::binary);
    ofs.write(file_content.data(),
              static_cast<std::streamsize>(file_content.size()));
  }

  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/upload", [&](const Request &req, Response & /*res*/,
                          const ContentReader &content_reader) {
    ASSERT_TRUE(req.is_multipart_form_data());
    std::vector<FormData> items;
    content_reader(
        [&](const FormData &file) {
          items.push_back(file);
          return true;
        },
        [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
          items.back().content.append(data, data_length);
          return true;
        });
    ASSERT_EQ(1u, items.size());
    EXPECT_EQ("myfile", items[0].name);
    EXPECT_EQ("data.bin", items[0].filename);
    EXPECT_EQ("application/octet-stream", items[0].content_type);
    EXPECT_EQ(file_content, items[0].content);
    handled = true;
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
  auto t = thread([&] { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
    std::remove(tmp_path.c_str());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  FormDataProviderItems providers;
  providers.push_back(make_file_provider("myfile", tmp_path, "data.bin",
                                         "application/octet-stream"));

  Client cli(HOST, port);
  auto res = cli.Post("/upload", {}, {}, providers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(MakeFileBodyTest, Basic) {
  const std::string file_content(4096, 'Z');
  const std::string tmp_path = "/tmp/httplib_test_make_file_body.bin";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(tmp_path, std::ios::binary);
    ofs.write(file_content.data(),
              static_cast<std::streamsize>(file_content.size()));
  }

  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/upload", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    EXPECT_EQ(file_content, req.body);
    handled = true;
    res.status = StatusCode::OK_200;
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
  auto t = thread([&] { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
    std::remove(tmp_path.c_str());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  auto fb = make_file_body(tmp_path);
  ASSERT_GT(fb.first, 0u);

  Client cli(HOST, port);
  auto res =
      cli.Post("/upload", fb.first, fb.second, "application/octet-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(TaskQueueTest, IncreaseAtomicInteger) {
  static constexpr unsigned int number_of_tasks{1000000};
  std::atomic_uint count{0};
  std::unique_ptr<TaskQueue> task_queue{
      new ThreadPool{CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_COUNT}};

  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < number_of_tasks; ++i) {
    auto queued = task_queue->enqueue(
        [&count] { count.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); });
    EXPECT_TRUE(queued);
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  task_queue->shutdown();
#else
  EXPECT_NO_THROW(task_queue->shutdown());
#endif
  EXPECT_EQ(number_of_tasks, count.load());
}

TEST(TaskQueueTest, IncreaseAtomicIntegerWithQueueLimit) {
  static constexpr unsigned int number_of_tasks{1000000};
  static constexpr unsigned int qlimit{2};
  unsigned int queued_count{0};
  std::atomic_uint count{0};
  std::unique_ptr<TaskQueue> task_queue{
      new ThreadPool{/*num_threads=*/1, /*max_threads=*/1, qlimit}};

  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < number_of_tasks; ++i) {
    if (task_queue->enqueue(
            [&count] { count.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); })) {
      queued_count++;
    }
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  task_queue->shutdown();
#else
  EXPECT_NO_THROW(task_queue->shutdown());
#endif
  EXPECT_EQ(queued_count, count.load());
  EXPECT_TRUE(queued_count <= number_of_tasks);
  EXPECT_TRUE(queued_count >= qlimit);
}

TEST(TaskQueueTest, MaxQueuedRequests) {
  static constexpr unsigned int qlimit{3};
  std::unique_ptr<TaskQueue> task_queue{new ThreadPool{1, 1, qlimit}};
  std::condition_variable sem_cv;
  std::mutex sem_mtx;
  int credits = 0;
  bool queued;

  /* Fill up the queue with tasks that will block until we give them credits to
   * complete. */
  for (unsigned int n = 0; n <= qlimit;) {
    queued = task_queue->enqueue([&sem_mtx, &sem_cv, &credits] {
      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(sem_mtx);
      while (credits <= 0) {
        sem_cv.wait(lock);
      }
      /* Consume the credit and signal the test code if they are all gone. */
      if (--credits == 0) { sem_cv.notify_one(); }
    });

    if (n < qlimit) {
      /* The first qlimit enqueues must succeed. */
      EXPECT_TRUE(queued);
    } else {
      /* The last one will succeed only when the worker thread
       * starts and dequeues the first blocking task. Although
       * not necessary for the correctness of this test, we sleep for
       * a short while to avoid busy waiting. */
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
    }
    if (queued) { n++; }
  }

  /* Further enqueues must fail since the queue is full. */
  for (auto i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    queued = task_queue->enqueue([] {});
    EXPECT_FALSE(queued);
  }

  /* Give the credits to allow the previous tasks to complete. */
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(sem_mtx);
    credits += qlimit + 1;
  }
  sem_cv.notify_all();

  /* Wait for all the credits to be consumed. */
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(sem_mtx);
    while (credits > 0) {
      sem_cv.wait(lock);
    }
  }

  /* Check that we are able again to enqueue at least qlimit tasks. */
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < qlimit; i++) {
    queued = task_queue->enqueue([] {});
    EXPECT_TRUE(queued);
  }

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  task_queue->shutdown();
#else
  EXPECT_NO_THROW(task_queue->shutdown());
#endif
}

TEST(RedirectTest, RedirectToUrlWithQueryParameters) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect(R"(/hello?key=val%26key2%3Dval2)");
  });

  svr.Get("/hello", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(req.get_param_value("key"), "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.set_follow_location(true);

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("val&key2=val2", res->body);
  }
}
#endif

TEST(RedirectTest, RedirectToUrlWithPlusInQueryParameters) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect(R"(/hello?key=AByz09+~-._%20%26%3F%C3%BC%2B)");
  });

  svr.Get("/hello", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(req.get_param_value("key"), "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);
    cli.set_follow_location(true);

    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ("AByz09 ~-._ &?ü+", res->body);
  }
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(RedirectTest, Issue2185_Online) {
  SSLClient client("github.com");
  client.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = client.Get("/Coollab-Art/Coollab/releases/download/1.1.1_UI-Scale/"
                        "Coollab-Windows.zip");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(9920427U, res->body.size());
}
#endif

TEST(VulnerabilityTest, CRLFInjection) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Post("/test1", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello 1", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Delete("/test2", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello 2", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Put("/test3", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello 3", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Patch("/test4", [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Hello 4", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.set_logger([](const Request &req, const Response & /*res*/) {
    for (const auto &x : req.headers) {
      auto key = x.first;
      EXPECT_STRNE("evil", key.c_str());
    }
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    Client cli(HOST, PORT);

    cli.Post("/test1", "A=B",
             "application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nevil: hello1");
    cli.Delete("/test2", "A=B", "text/plain\r\nevil: hello2");
    cli.Put("/test3", "text", "text/plain\r\nevil: hello3");
    cli.Patch("/test4", "content", "text/plain\r\nevil: hello4");
  }
}

TEST(VulnerabilityTest, CRLFInjectionInHeaders) {
  auto server_thread = std::thread([] {
    auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    default_socket_options(srv);

    sockaddr_in addr{};
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT + 1);
    ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);
    ::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr));
    ::listen(srv, 1);

    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    detail::set_socket_opt_time(cli, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 1, 0);

    std::string buf_all;
    char buf[2048];
    ssize_t n;

    while ((n = ::recv(cli, buf, sizeof(buf), 0)) > 0) {
      buf_all.append(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n));

      size_t pos;
      while ((pos = buf_all.find("\r\n\r\n")) != std::string::npos) {
        auto request_block = buf_all.substr(0, pos + 4); // include separator

        auto e = request_block.find("\r\n");
        if (e != std::string::npos) {
          auto request_line = request_block.substr(0, e);
          std::string msg =
              "CRLF injection detected in request line: '" + request_line + "'";
          EXPECT_FALSE(true) << msg;
        }

        std::string resp = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 5\r\n\r\nHello";

        ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
               static_cast<const char *>(resp.c_str()),
               static_cast<int>(resp.size()),
#else
               resp.c_str(), resp.size(),
#endif
               0);

        buf_all.erase(0, pos + 4);
      }
    }

    detail::close_socket(cli);
    detail::close_socket(srv);
  });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));

  auto cli = Client("127.0.0.1", PORT + 1);

  auto headers = Headers{
      {"A", "B\r\n\r\nGET /pwned HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 127.0.0.1:1234\r\n\r\n"},
      {"Connection", "keep-alive"}};

  auto res = cli.Get("/hi", headers);
  EXPECT_FALSE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::InvalidHeaders, res.error());

  server_thread.join();
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, StaticMatch) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/all";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/all";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));

  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {};

  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, StaticMismatch) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/all";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/1";
  ASSERT_FALSE(matcher.match(request));
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, SingleParamInTheMiddle) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id/subscriptions";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/42/subscriptions";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));

  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {{"id", "42"}};

  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, SingleParamInTheEnd) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/24";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));

  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {{"id", "24"}};

  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, SingleParamInTheEndTrailingSlash) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id/";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/42/";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {{"id", "42"}};

  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, EmptyParam) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id/";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users//";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));

  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {{"id", ""}};

  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, FragmentMismatch) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id/";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/admins/24/";
  ASSERT_FALSE(matcher.match(request));
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, ExtraFragments) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/42/subscriptions";
  ASSERT_FALSE(matcher.match(request));
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, MissingTrailingParam) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users";
  ASSERT_FALSE(matcher.match(request));
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, MissingParamInTheMiddle) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:id/subscriptions";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/subscriptions";
  ASSERT_FALSE(matcher.match(request));
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, MultipleParams) {
  const auto pattern = "/users/:userid/subscriptions/:subid";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/users/42/subscriptions/2";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));

  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {
      {"userid", "42"}, {"subid", "2"}};

  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, SequenceOfParams) {
  const auto pattern = "/values/:x/:y/:z";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/values/1/2/3";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));

  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {
      {"x", "1"}, {"y", "2"}, {"z", "3"}};

  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(PathParamsTest, SemicolonInTheMiddleIsNotAParam) {
  const auto pattern = "/prefix:suffix";
  detail::PathParamsMatcher matcher(pattern);

  Request request;
  request.path = "/prefix:suffix";
  ASSERT_TRUE(matcher.match(request));

  const std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> expected_params = {};
  EXPECT_EQ(request.path_params, expected_params);
}

TEST(UniversalClientImplTest, Ipv6LiteralAddress) {
  // If ipv6 regex working, regex match codepath is taken.
  // else port will default to 80 in Client impl
  int clientImplMagicPort = 80;
  int port = 4321;
  // above ports must be different to avoid false negative
  EXPECT_NE(clientImplMagicPort, port);

  std::string ipV6TestURL = "http://[ff06::c3]";

  Client cli(ipV6TestURL + ":" + std::to_string(port), CLIENT_CERT_FILE,
             CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  EXPECT_EQ(cli.port(), port);
}

TEST(FileSystemTest, FileAndDirExistenceCheck) {
  auto file_path = "./www/dir/index.html";
  auto dir_path = "./www/dir";

  detail::FileStat stat_file(file_path);
  EXPECT_TRUE(stat_file.is_file());
  EXPECT_FALSE(stat_file.is_dir());

  detail::FileStat stat_dir(dir_path);
  EXPECT_FALSE(stat_dir.is_file());
  EXPECT_TRUE(stat_dir.is_dir());
}

TEST(MakeHostAndPortStringTest, VariousPatterns) {
  // IPv4 with default HTTP port (80)
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 80, false));

  // IPv4 with default HTTPS port (443)
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 443, true));

  // IPv4 with non-default HTTP port
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:8080",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 8080, false));

  // IPv4 with non-default HTTPS port
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:8443",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 8443, true));

  // IPv6 with default HTTP port (80)
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]", detail::make_host_and_port_string("::1", 80, false));

  // IPv6 with default HTTPS port (443)
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]", detail::make_host_and_port_string("::1", 443, true));

  // IPv6 with non-default HTTP port
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]:8080",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("::1", 8080, false));

  // IPv6 with non-default HTTPS port
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]:8443", detail::make_host_and_port_string("::1", 8443, true));

  // IPv6 full address with default port
  EXPECT_EQ("[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string(
                "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334", 443, true));

  // IPv6 full address with non-default port
  EXPECT_EQ("[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]:9000",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string(
                "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334", 9000, false));

  // IPv6 localhost with non-default port
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]:3000",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("::1", 3000, false));

  // IPv6 with zone ID (link-local address) with default port
  EXPECT_EQ("[fe80::1%eth0]",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("fe80::1%eth0", 80, false));

  // IPv6 with zone ID (link-local address) with non-default port
  EXPECT_EQ("[fe80::1%eth0]:8080",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("fe80::1%eth0", 8080, false));

  // Edge case: Port 443 with is_ssl=false (should add port)
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:443",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 443, false));

  // Edge case: Port 80 with is_ssl=true (should add port)
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:80",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 80, true));

  // IPv6 edge case: Port 443 with is_ssl=false (should add port)
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]:443", detail::make_host_and_port_string("::1", 443, false));

  // IPv6 edge case: Port 80 with is_ssl=true (should add port)
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]:80", detail::make_host_and_port_string("::1", 80, true));

  // Security fix: Already bracketed IPv6 should not get double brackets
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]", detail::make_host_and_port_string("[::1]", 80, false));
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]", detail::make_host_and_port_string("[::1]", 443, true));
  EXPECT_EQ("[::1]:8080",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("[::1]", 8080, false));
  EXPECT_EQ("[2001:db8::1]:8080",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("[2001:db8::1]", 8080, false));
  EXPECT_EQ("[fe80::1%eth0]",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("[fe80::1%eth0]", 80, false));
  EXPECT_EQ("[fe80::1%eth0]:8080",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("[fe80::1%eth0]", 8080, false));

  // Edge case: Empty host (should return as-is)
  EXPECT_EQ("", detail::make_host_and_port_string("", 80, false));

  // Edge case: Colon in hostname (non-IPv6) - will be treated as IPv6
  // This is a known limitation but shouldn't crash
  EXPECT_EQ("[host:name]",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("host:name", 80, false));

  // Port number edge cases (no validation, but should not crash)
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:0",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 0, false));
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:-1",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", -1, false));
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:65535",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 65535, false));
  EXPECT_EQ("example.com:65536",
            detail::make_host_and_port_string("example.com", 65536, false));
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(SSLClientHostHeaderTest, Issue2301_Online) {
  httplib::SSLClient cli("roblox.com", 443);
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}
#endif

TEST(DirtyDataRequestTest, HeadFieldValueContains_CR_LF_NUL) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    EXPECT_EQ(res.status, 400);
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  cli.Get("/test", {{"Test", "_\n\r_\n\r_"}});
}

TEST(InvalidHeaderCharsTest, is_field_name) {
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_name("exampleToken"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_name("token123"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_name("!#$%&'*+-.^_`|~"));

  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name("example token"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name(" example_token"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name("example_token "));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name("token@123"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name(""));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name("example\rtoken"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name("example\ntoken"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name(std::string("\0", 1)));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_name("example\ttoken"));
}

TEST(InvalidHeaderCharsTest, is_field_value) {
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value("exampleToken"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value("token123"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value("!#$%&'*+-.^_`|~"));

  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value("example token"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_value(" example_token"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_value("example_token "));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value("token@123"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value(""));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_value("example\rtoken"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_value("example\ntoken"));
  EXPECT_FALSE(detail::fields::is_field_value(std::string("\0", 1)));
  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value("example\ttoken"));

  EXPECT_TRUE(detail::fields::is_field_value("0"));
}

TEST(InvalidHeaderCharsTest, OnServer) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/test_name", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    std::string header = "Not Set";
    if (req.has_param("header")) { header = req.get_param_value("header"); }

    res.set_header(header, "value");
    res.set_content("Page Content Page Content", "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Get("/test_value", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    std::string header = "Not Set";
    if (req.has_param("header")) { header = req.get_param_value("header"); }

    res.set_header("X-Test", header);
    res.set_content("Page Content Page Content", "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  {
    auto res = cli.Get(
        R"(/test_name?header=Value%00%0d%0aHEADER_KEY%3aHEADER_VALUE%0d%0a%0d%0aBODY_BODY_BODY)");

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("Page Content Page Content", res->body);
    EXPECT_FALSE(res->has_header("HEADER_KEY"));
  }
  {
    auto res = cli.Get(
        R"(/test_value?header=Value%00%0d%0aHEADER_KEY%3aHEADER_VALUE%0d%0a%0d%0aBODY_BODY_BODY)");

    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ("Page Content Page Content", res->body);
    EXPECT_FALSE(res->has_header("HEADER_KEY"));
  }
}

TEST(InvalidHeaderValueTest, InvalidContentLength) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &) { handled = true; });

  thread t = thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_FALSE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Length: x\r\n"
             "\r\n";

  std::string response;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &response));
  ASSERT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request",
            response.substr(0, response.find("\r\n")));
}

#ifndef _WIN32
TEST(Expect100ContinueTest, ServerClosesConnection) {
  static constexpr char reject[] = "Unauthorized";
  static constexpr char accept[] = "Upload accepted";
  constexpr size_t total_size = 10 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024ULL;

  Server svr;

  svr.set_expect_100_continue_handler(
      [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
        res.status = StatusCode::Unauthorized_401;
        res.set_content(reject, "text/plain");
        return res.status;
      });
  svr.Post("/", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(accept, "text/plain");
  });

  auto thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  {
    const auto curl = std::unique_ptr<CURL, decltype(&curl_easy_cleanup)>{
        curl_easy_init(), &curl_easy_cleanup};
    ASSERT_NE(curl, nullptr);

    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_URL, HOST);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_PORT, PORT);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_POST, 1L);
    auto list = std::unique_ptr<curl_slist, decltype(&curl_slist_free_all)>{
        curl_slist_append(nullptr, "Content-Type: application/octet-stream"),
        &curl_slist_free_all};
    ASSERT_NE(list, nullptr);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, list.get());

    struct read_data {
      size_t read_size;
      size_t total_size;
    } data = {0, total_size};
    using read_callback_t =
        size_t (*)(char *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata);
    read_callback_t read_callback = [](char *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
                                       void *userdata) -> size_t {
      read_data *data = (read_data *)userdata;

      if (!userdata || data->read_size >= data->total_size) { return 0; }

      std::fill_n(ptr, size * nmemb, 'A');
      data->read_size += size * nmemb;
      return size * nmemb;
    };
    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_READDATA, data);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, read_callback);

    std::vector<char> buffer;
    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &buffer);
    using write_callback_t =
        size_t (*)(char *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata);
    write_callback_t write_callback = [](char *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
                                         void *userdata) -> size_t {
      std::vector<char> *buffer = (std::vector<char> *)userdata;
      buffer->reserve(buffer->size() + size * nmemb + 1);
      buffer->insert(buffer->end(), (char *)ptr, (char *)ptr + size * nmemb);
      return size * nmemb;
    };
    curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_callback);

    {
      const auto res = curl_easy_perform(curl.get());
      ASSERT_EQ(res, CURLE_OK);
    }

    {
      auto response_code = long{};
      const auto res =
          curl_easy_getinfo(curl.get(), CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &response_code);
      ASSERT_EQ(res, CURLE_OK);
      ASSERT_EQ(response_code, StatusCode::Unauthorized_401);
    }

    {
      auto dl = curl_off_t{};
      const auto res =
          curl_easy_getinfo(curl.get(), CURLINFO_SIZE_DOWNLOAD_T, &dl);
      ASSERT_EQ(res, CURLE_OK);
      ASSERT_EQ(dl, (curl_off_t)sizeof reject - 1);
    }

    {
      buffer.push_back('\0');
      ASSERT_STRCASEEQ(buffer.data(), reject);
    }
  }
}
#endif

template <typename S, typename C>
inline void max_timeout_test(S &svr, C &cli, time_t timeout, time_t threshold) {
  svr.Get("/stream", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    auto data = new std::string("01234567890123456789");

    res.set_content_provider(
        data->size(), "text/plain",
        [&, data](size_t offset, size_t length, DataSink &sink) {
          const size_t DATA_CHUNK_SIZE = 4;
          const auto &d = *data;
          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
          sink.write(&d[offset], std::min(length, DATA_CHUNK_SIZE));
          return true;
        },
        [data](bool success) {
          EXPECT_FALSE(success);
          delete data;
        });
  });

  svr.Get("/stream_without_length", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    auto i = new size_t(0);

    res.set_content_provider(
        "text/plain",
        [i](size_t, DataSink &sink) {
          if (*i < 5) {
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
            sink.write("abcd", 4);
            (*i)++;
          } else {
            sink.done();
          }
          return true;
        },
        [i](bool success) {
          EXPECT_FALSE(success);
          delete i;
        });
  });

  svr.Get("/chunked", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    auto i = new size_t(0);

    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/plain",
        [i](size_t, DataSink &sink) {
          if (*i < 5) {
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
            sink.os << "abcd";
            (*i)++;
          } else {
            sink.done();
          }
          return true;
        },
        [i](bool success) {
          EXPECT_FALSE(success);
          delete i;
        });
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  cli.set_max_timeout(std::chrono::milliseconds(timeout));

  {
    auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

    auto res = cli.Get("/stream");

    auto elapsed = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
                       std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start)
                       .count();

    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(Error::Read, res.error());
    EXPECT_TRUE(timeout <= elapsed && elapsed < timeout + threshold)
        << "Timeout exceeded by " << (elapsed - timeout) << "ms";
  }

  {
    auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

    auto res = cli.Get("/stream_without_length");

    auto elapsed = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
                       std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start)
                       .count();

    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(Error::Read, res.error());
    EXPECT_TRUE(timeout <= elapsed && elapsed < timeout + threshold)
        << "Timeout exceeded by " << (elapsed - timeout) << "ms";
  }

  {
    auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

    auto res = cli.Get("/chunked", [&](const char *data, size_t data_length) {
      EXPECT_EQ("abcd", string(data, data_length));
      return true;
    });

    auto elapsed = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
                       std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start)
                       .count();

    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(Error::Read, res.error());
    EXPECT_TRUE(timeout <= elapsed && elapsed < timeout + threshold)
        << "Timeout exceeded by " << (elapsed - timeout) << "ms";
  }
}

TEST(MaxTimeoutTest, ContentStream) {
  time_t timeout = 2000;
  time_t threshold = 200;

  Server svr;
  Client cli("localhost", PORT);
  max_timeout_test(svr, cli, timeout, threshold);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(MaxTimeoutTest, ContentStreamSSL) {
  time_t timeout = 2000;
  time_t threshold = 1200; // SSL_shutdown is slow on some operating systems.

  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  SSLClient cli("localhost", PORT);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

  max_timeout_test(svr, cli, timeout, threshold);
}
#endif

class EventDispatcher {
public:
  EventDispatcher() {}

  bool wait_event(DataSink *sink) {
    unique_lock<mutex> lk(m_);
    int id = id_;

    // Wait with timeout to prevent hanging if client disconnects
    if (!cv_.wait_for(lk, std::chrono::seconds(5),
                      [&] { return cid_ == id; })) {
      return false; // Timeout occurred
    }

    sink->write(message_.data(), message_.size());
    return true;
  }

  void send_event(const string &message) {
    lock_guard<mutex> lk(m_);
    cid_ = id_++;
    message_ = message;
    cv_.notify_all();
  }

private:
  mutex m_;
  condition_variable cv_;
  atomic_int id_{0};
  atomic_int cid_{-1};
  string message_;
};

TEST(ClientInThreadTest, Issue2068) {
  EventDispatcher ed;

  Server svr;
  svr.Get("/event1", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/event-stream",
                                     [&](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                                       return ed.wait_event(&sink);
                                     });
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  thread event_thread([&] {
    int id = 0;
    while (svr.is_running()) {
      this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::milliseconds(500));

      std::stringstream ss;
      ss << "data: " << id << "\n\n";
      ed.send_event(ss.str());
      id++;
    }
  });

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();

    listen_thread.join();
    event_thread.join();

    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  {
    auto client = detail::make_unique<Client>(HOST, PORT);
    client->set_read_timeout(std::chrono::minutes(10));

    std::atomic<bool> stop{false};

    std::thread t([&] {
      client->Get("/event1",
                  [&](const char *, size_t) -> bool { return !stop; });
    });

    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
    stop = true;
    client->stop();

    t.join();

    // Reset client after thread has finished
    client.reset();
  }
}

TEST(RequestSmugglingTest, DuplicateContentLengthDifferentValues) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &) { handled = true; });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_FALSE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Two Content-Length headers with different values — must be rejected
  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 5\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 10\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "hello";

  std::string response;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &response));
  ASSERT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request",
            response.substr(0, response.find("\r\n")));
}

TEST(RequestSmugglingTest, DuplicateContentLengthSameValues) {
  auto handled = false;

  Server svr;
  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    handled = true;
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
    ASSERT_TRUE(handled);
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Two Content-Length headers with same value — should be accepted (RFC 9110)
  auto req = "POST /test HTTP/1.1\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 5\r\n"
             "Content-Length: 5\r\n"
             "\r\n"
             "hello";

  std::string response;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &response));
  ASSERT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK", response.substr(0, response.find("\r\n")));
}

TEST(HeaderSmugglingTest, ChunkedTrailerHeadersMerged) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    EXPECT_EQ(2U, req.trailers.size());

    EXPECT_FALSE(req.has_trailer("[invalid key...]"));

    // Denied
    EXPECT_FALSE(req.has_trailer("Content-Length"));
    EXPECT_FALSE(req.has_trailer("X-Forwarded-For"));

    // Accepted
    EXPECT_TRUE(req.has_trailer("X-Hello"));
    EXPECT_EQ(req.get_trailer_value("X-Hello"), "hello");

    EXPECT_TRUE(req.has_trailer("X-World"));
    EXPECT_EQ(req.get_trailer_value("X-World"), "world");

    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  const std::string req = "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                          "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n"
                          "Trailer: X-Hello, X-World, X-AAA, X-BBB\r\n"
                          "\r\n"
                          "0\r\n"
                          "Content-Length: 10\r\n"
                          "Host: internal.local\r\n"
                          "Content-Type: malicious/content\r\n"
                          "Cookie: any\r\n"
                          "Set-Cookie: any\r\n"
                          "X-Forwarded-For: attacker.com\r\n"
                          "X-Real-Ip: 1.1.1.1\r\n"
                          "X-Hello: hello\r\n"
                          "X-World: world\r\n"
                          "\r\n";

  std::string res;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(1, req, &res));
}

TEST(ForwardedHeadersTest, NoProxiesSetting) {
  Server svr;

  std::string observed_remote_addr;
  std::string observed_xff;

  svr.Get("/ip", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    observed_remote_addr = req.remote_addr;
    observed_xff = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Get("/ip", {{"X-Forwarded-For", "203.0.113.66"}});

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  EXPECT_EQ(observed_xff, "203.0.113.66");
  EXPECT_TRUE(observed_remote_addr == "::1" ||
              observed_remote_addr == "127.0.0.1");
}

TEST(ForwardedHeadersTest, NoForwardedHeaders) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_trusted_proxies({"203.0.113.66"});

  std::string observed_remote_addr;
  std::string observed_xff;

  svr.Get("/ip", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    observed_remote_addr = req.remote_addr;
    observed_xff = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Get("/ip");

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  EXPECT_EQ(observed_xff, "");
  EXPECT_TRUE(observed_remote_addr == "::1" ||
              observed_remote_addr == "127.0.0.1");
}

TEST(ForwardedHeadersTest, SingleTrustedProxy_UsesIPBeforeTrusted) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_trusted_proxies({"203.0.113.66"});

  std::string observed_remote_addr;
  std::string observed_xff;

  svr.Get("/ip", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    observed_remote_addr = req.remote_addr;
    observed_xff = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res =
      cli.Get("/ip", {{"X-Forwarded-For", "198.51.100.23, 203.0.113.66"}});

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  EXPECT_EQ(observed_xff, "198.51.100.23, 203.0.113.66");
  EXPECT_EQ(observed_remote_addr, "198.51.100.23");
}

TEST(ForwardedHeadersTest, MultipleTrustedProxies_UsesClientIP) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_trusted_proxies({"203.0.113.66", "192.0.2.45"});

  std::string observed_remote_addr;
  std::string observed_xff;

  svr.Get("/ip", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    observed_remote_addr = req.remote_addr;
    observed_xff = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Get(
      "/ip", {{"X-Forwarded-For", "198.51.100.23, 203.0.113.66, 192.0.2.45"}});

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  EXPECT_EQ(observed_xff, "198.51.100.23, 203.0.113.66, 192.0.2.45");
  EXPECT_EQ(observed_remote_addr, "198.51.100.23");
}

TEST(ForwardedHeadersTest, TrustedProxyNotInHeader_UsesFirstFromXFF) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_trusted_proxies({"192.0.2.45"});

  std::string observed_remote_addr;
  std::string observed_xff;

  svr.Get("/ip", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    observed_remote_addr = req.remote_addr;
    observed_xff = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res =
      cli.Get("/ip", {{"X-Forwarded-For", "198.51.100.23, 198.51.100.24"}});

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  EXPECT_EQ(observed_xff, "198.51.100.23, 198.51.100.24");
  EXPECT_EQ(observed_remote_addr, "198.51.100.23");
}

TEST(ForwardedHeadersTest, LastHopTrusted_SelectsImmediateLeftIP) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_trusted_proxies({"192.0.2.45"});

  std::string observed_remote_addr;
  std::string observed_xff;

  svr.Get("/ip", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    observed_remote_addr = req.remote_addr;
    observed_xff = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto res = cli.Get(
      "/ip", {{"X-Forwarded-For", "198.51.100.23, 203.0.113.66, 192.0.2.45"}});

  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

  EXPECT_EQ(observed_xff, "198.51.100.23, 203.0.113.66, 192.0.2.45");
  EXPECT_EQ(observed_remote_addr, "203.0.113.66");
}

TEST(ForwardedHeadersTest, HandlesWhitespaceAroundIPs) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_trusted_proxies({"192.0.2.45"});

  std::string observed_remote_addr;
  std::string observed_xff;

  svr.Get("/ip", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    observed_remote_addr = req.remote_addr;
    observed_xff = req.get_header_value("X-Forwarded-For");
    res.set_content("ok", "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  std::string raw_req =
      "GET /ip HTTP/1.1\r\n"
      "Host: localhost\r\n"
      "X-Forwarded-For:  198.51.100.23 , 203.0.113.66 , 192.0.2.45 \r\n"
      "Connection: close\r\n"
      "\r\n";

  std::string out;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5, raw_req, &out));
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK", out.substr(0, 15));

  // Header parser trims surrounding whitespace of the header value
  EXPECT_EQ(observed_xff, "198.51.100.23 , 203.0.113.66 , 192.0.2.45");
  EXPECT_EQ(observed_remote_addr, "203.0.113.66");
}

#ifndef _WIN32
TEST(ServerRequestParsingTest, RequestWithoutContentLengthOrTransferEncoding) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Post("/post", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Put("/put", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Patch("/patch", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
  });

  svr.Delete("/delete", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  std::string resp;

  // POST without Content-Length
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5,
                           "POST /post HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                           "Host: localhost\r\n"
                           "Connection: close\r\n"
                           "\r\n",
                           &resp));
  EXPECT_TRUE(resp.find("HTTP/1.1 200 OK") == 0);

  // PUT without Content-Length
  resp.clear();
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5,
                           "PUT /put HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                           "Host: localhost\r\n"
                           "Connection: close\r\n"
                           "\r\n",
                           &resp));
  EXPECT_TRUE(resp.find("HTTP/1.1 200 OK") == 0);

  // PATCH without Content-Length
  resp.clear();
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5,
                           "PATCH /patch HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                           "Host: localhost\r\n"
                           "Connection: close\r\n"
                           "\r\n",
                           &resp));
  EXPECT_TRUE(resp.find("HTTP/1.1 200 OK") == 0);

  // DELETE without Content-Length
  resp.clear();
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5,
                           "DELETE /delete HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                           "Host: localhost\r\n"
                           "Connection: close\r\n"
                           "\r\n",
                           &resp));
  EXPECT_TRUE(resp.find("HTTP/1.1 200 OK") == 0);
}
#endif

//==============================================================================
// open_stream() Tests
//==============================================================================

inline std::string read_all(ClientImpl::StreamHandle &handle) {
  std::string result;
  char buf[8192];
  ssize_t n;
  while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
    result.append(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n));
  }
  return result;
}

// Mock stream for unit tests
class MockStream : public Stream {
public:
  std::string data;
  size_t pos = 0;
  ssize_t error_after = -1; // -1 = no error

  explicit MockStream(const std::string &d, ssize_t err = -1)
      : data(d), error_after(err) {}
  bool is_readable() const override { return true; }
  bool wait_readable() const override { return true; }
  bool wait_writable() const override { return true; }
  ssize_t read(char *ptr, size_t size) override {
    if (error_after >= 0 && pos >= static_cast<size_t>(error_after)) return -1;
    if (pos >= data.size()) return 0;
    size_t limit =
        error_after >= 0 ? static_cast<size_t>(error_after) : data.size();
    size_t to_read = std::min(size, std::min(data.size() - pos, limit - pos));
    std::memcpy(ptr, data.data() + pos, to_read);
    pos += to_read;
    return static_cast<ssize_t>(to_read);
  }
  ssize_t write(const char *, size_t) override { return -1; }
  void get_remote_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override {
    ip = "127.0.0.1";
    port = 0;
  }
  void get_local_ip_and_port(std::string &ip, int &port) const override {
    ip = "127.0.0.1";
    port = 0;
  }
  socket_t socket() const override { return INVALID_SOCKET; }
  time_t duration() const override { return 0; }
};

TEST(StreamHandleTest, Basic) {
  ClientImpl::StreamHandle handle;
  EXPECT_FALSE(handle.is_valid());
  handle.response = detail::make_unique<Response>();
  handle.error = Error::Connection;
  EXPECT_FALSE(handle.is_valid());
  handle.error = Error::Success;
  EXPECT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
}

TEST(BodyReaderTest, Basic) {
  MockStream stream("Hello, World!");
  detail::BodyReader reader;
  reader.stream = &stream;
  reader.content_length = 13;
  char buf[32];
  EXPECT_EQ(13, reader.read(buf, sizeof(buf)));
  EXPECT_EQ(0, reader.read(buf, sizeof(buf)));
  EXPECT_TRUE(reader.eof);
}

TEST(BodyReaderTest, NoStream) {
  detail::BodyReader reader;
  char buf[32];
  EXPECT_EQ(-1, reader.read(buf, sizeof(buf)));
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Connection, reader.last_error);
}

TEST(BodyReaderTest, Error) {
  MockStream stream("Hello, World!", 5);
  detail::BodyReader reader;
  reader.stream = &stream;
  reader.content_length = 13;
  char buf[32];
  EXPECT_EQ(5, reader.read(buf, sizeof(buf)));
  EXPECT_EQ(-1, reader.read(buf, sizeof(buf)));
  EXPECT_EQ(Error::Read, reader.last_error);
}

// Memory buffer mode removed: StreamHandle reads only from socket streams.
// Mock-based StreamHandle tests relying on private internals are removed.

class OpenStreamTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    svr_.Get("/hello", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
    });
    svr_.Get("/large", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.set_content(std::string(10000, 'X'), "text/plain");
    });
    svr_.Get("/chunked", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/plain",
                                       [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
                                         if (offset < 15) {
                                           sink.write("chunk", 5);
                                           return true;
                                         }
                                         sink.done();
                                         return true;
                                       });
    });
    svr_.Get("/compressible", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/plain", [](size_t offset,
                                                        DataSink &sink) {
        if (offset < 100 * 1024) {
          std::string chunk(std::min(size_t(8192), 100 * 1024 - offset), 'A');
          sink.write(chunk.data(), chunk.size());
          return true;
        }
        sink.done();
        return true;
      });
    });
    svr_.Get("/streamed-chunked-with-prohibited-trailer",
             [](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
               auto i = new int(0);
               res.set_header("Trailer", "Content-Length, X-Allowed");
               res.set_chunked_content_provider(
                   "text/plain",
                   [i](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
                     switch (*i) {
                     case 0: sink.os << "123"; break;
                     case 1: sink.os << "456"; break;
                     case 2: sink.os << "789"; break;
                     case 3: {
                       sink.done_with_trailer(
                           {{"Content-Length", "5"}, {"X-Allowed", "yes"}});
                     } break;
                     }
                     (*i)++;
                     return true;
                   },
                   [i](bool success) {
                     EXPECT_TRUE(success);
                     delete i;
                   });
             });
    // Echo headers endpoint for header-related tests
    svr_.Get("/echo-headers", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
      std::string body;
      for (const auto &h : req.headers) {
        body.append(h.first);
        body.push_back(':');
        body.append(h.second);
        body.push_back('\n');
      }
      res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
    });
    svr_.Post("/echo-headers", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
      std::string body;
      for (const auto &h : req.headers) {
        body.append(h.first);
        body.push_back(':');
        body.append(h.second);
        body.push_back('\n');
      }
      res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
    });
    port_ = svr_.bind_to_any_port("127.0.0.1");
    thread_ = std::thread([this]() { svr_.listen_after_bind(); });
    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }
  void TearDown() override {
    svr_.stop();
    if (thread_.joinable()) thread_.join();
  }
  Server svr_;
  std::thread thread_;
  int port_ = 0;
};

TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, Basic) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/hello");
  EXPECT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", read_all(handle));
}

TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, SmallBuffer) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/hello");
  std::string result;
  char buf[4];
  ssize_t n;
  while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
    result.append(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", result);
}

TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, DefaultHeaders) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);

  // open_stream GET should include Host, User-Agent and Accept-Encoding
  {
    auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/echo-headers");
    ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
    auto body = read_all(handle);
    EXPECT_NE(body.find("Host:127.0.0.1:" + std::to_string(port_)),
              std::string::npos);
    EXPECT_NE(body.find("User-Agent:cpp-httplib/" CPPHTTPLIB_VERSION),
              std::string::npos);
    EXPECT_NE(body.find("Accept-Encoding:"), std::string::npos);
  }

  // open_stream POST with body and no explicit content_type should NOT add
  // text/plain Content-Type (behavior differs from non-streaming path), but
  // should include Content-Length
  {
    auto handle = cli.open_stream("POST", "/echo-headers", {}, {}, "hello", "");
    ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
    auto body = read_all(handle);
    EXPECT_EQ(body.find("Content-Type: text/plain"), std::string::npos);
    EXPECT_NE(body.find("Content-Length:5"), std::string::npos);
  }

  // open_stream POST with explicit Content-Type should preserve it
  {
    auto handle = cli.open_stream("POST", "/echo-headers", {},
                                  {{"Content-Type", "application/custom"}},
                                  "{}", "application/custom");
    ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
    auto body = read_all(handle);
    EXPECT_NE(body.find("Content-Type:application/custom"), std::string::npos);
  }

  // User-specified User-Agent must not be overwritten for stream API
  {
    auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/echo-headers", {},
                                  {{"User-Agent", "MyAgent/1.2"}});
    ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
    auto body = read_all(handle);
    EXPECT_NE(body.find("User-Agent:MyAgent/1.2"), std::string::npos);
  }
}

TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, Large) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/large");
  EXPECT_EQ(10000u, read_all(handle).size());
}

TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, ConnectionError) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", 9999);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/hello");
  EXPECT_FALSE(handle.is_valid());
}

TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, Chunked) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/chunked");
  EXPECT_TRUE(handle.response && handle.response->get_header_value(
                                     "Transfer-Encoding") == "chunked");
  EXPECT_EQ("chunkchunkchunk", read_all(handle));
}

TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, ProhibitedTrailersAreIgnored_Stream) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle =
      cli.open_stream("GET", "/streamed-chunked-with-prohibited-trailer");
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());

  // Consume body to allow trailers to be received/parsed
  auto body = read_all(handle);

  // Explicitly parse trailers (ensure trailers are available for assertion)
  handle.parse_trailers_if_needed();
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("123456789"), body);

  // The response should include a Trailer header declaring both names
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.response);
  EXPECT_TRUE(handle.response->has_header("Trailer"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("Content-Length, X-Allowed"),
            handle.response->get_header_value("Trailer"));

  // Prohibited trailer must not be present
  EXPECT_FALSE(handle.response->has_trailer("Content-Length"));
  // Allowed trailer should be present
  EXPECT_TRUE(handle.response->has_trailer("X-Allowed"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string("yes"),
            handle.response->get_trailer_value("X-Allowed"));

  // Verify trailers are NOT present as regular headers
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string(""),
            handle.response->get_header_value("Content-Length"));
  EXPECT_EQ(std::string(""), handle.response->get_header_value("X-Allowed"));
}

static std::thread serve_single_response(std::promise<int> &port_promise,
                                         const std::string &response) {
  return std::thread([&port_promise, response] {
    auto srv = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    default_socket_options(srv);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, 5, 0);
    detail::set_socket_opt_time(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, 5, 0);

    sockaddr_in addr{};
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_port = htons(0); // Let OS assign a free port
    ::inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &addr.sin_addr);

    int opt = 1;
    ::setsockopt(srv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
#ifdef _WIN32
                 reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&opt),
#else
                 &opt,
#endif
                 sizeof(opt));

    if (::bind(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), sizeof(addr)) != 0 ||
        ::listen(srv, 1) != 0) {
      port_promise.set_value(-1);
      detail::close_socket(srv);
      return;
    }

    socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
    ::getsockname(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&addr), &addr_len);
    port_promise.set_value(static_cast<int>(ntohs(addr.sin_port)));

    sockaddr_in cli_addr{};
    socklen_t cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr);
    auto cli = ::accept(srv, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr *>(&cli_addr), &cli_len);

    if (cli != INVALID_SOCKET) {
      char buf[4096];
      ::recv(cli, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

      ::send(cli,
#ifdef _WIN32
             static_cast<const char *>(response.c_str()),
             static_cast<int>(response.size()),
#else
             response.c_str(), response.size(),
#endif
             0);

      detail::close_socket(cli);
    }
    detail::close_socket(srv);
  });
}

TEST(OpenStreamMalformedContentLength, InvalidArgument) {
#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  std::promise<int> port_promise;
  auto port_future = port_promise.get_future();
  auto server_thread =
      serve_single_response(port_promise, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                                          "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
                                          "Content-Length: not-a-number\r\n"
                                          "Connection: close\r\n"
                                          "\r\n"
                                          "hello");

  auto port = port_future.get();
  ASSERT_GT(port, 0);
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/");
  EXPECT_FALSE(handle.is_valid());

  server_thread.join();
}

TEST(OpenStreamMalformedContentLength, OutOfRange) {
#ifndef _WIN32
  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif

  std::promise<int> port_promise;
  auto port_future = port_promise.get_future();
  auto server_thread = serve_single_response(
      port_promise, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                    "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
                    "Content-Length: 99999999999999999999999999\r\n"
                    "Connection: close\r\n"
                    "\r\n"
                    "hello");

  auto port = port_future.get();
  ASSERT_GT(port, 0);

  // Before the fix, std::stoull would throw std::out_of_range here and
  // crash the process. After the fix, strtoull silently clamps to
  // ULLONG_MAX so the stream opens without crashing. The important thing
  // is that the process does NOT terminate.
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/");
  EXPECT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());

  server_thread.join();
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, Gzip) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/compressible", {},
                                {{"Accept-Encoding", "gzip"}});
  EXPECT_EQ("gzip", handle.response->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ(100u * 1024u, read_all(handle).size());
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, Brotli) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle =
      cli.open_stream("GET", "/compressible", {}, {{"Accept-Encoding", "br"}});
  EXPECT_EQ("br", handle.response->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ(100u * 1024u, read_all(handle).size());
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
TEST_F(OpenStreamTest, Zstd) {
  Client cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/compressible", {},
                                {{"Accept-Encoding", "zstd"}});
  EXPECT_EQ("zstd", handle.response->get_header_value("Content-Encoding"));
  EXPECT_EQ(100u * 1024u, read_all(handle).size());
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
class SSLOpenStreamTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  SSLOpenStreamTest() : svr_("cert.pem", "key.pem") {}
  void SetUp() override {
    svr_.Get("/hello", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.set_content("Hello SSL World!", "text/plain");
    });
    svr_.Get("/chunked", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/plain",
                                       [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
                                         if (offset < 15) {
                                           sink.write("chunk", 5);
                                           return true;
                                         }
                                         sink.done();
                                         return true;
                                       });
    });
    svr_.Post("/echo", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
      res.set_content(req.body, req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
    });
    svr_.Post("/chunked-response", [](const Request &req, Response &res) {
      std::string body = req.body;
      res.set_chunked_content_provider(
          "text/plain", [body](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
            if (offset < body.size()) {
              sink.write(body.data() + offset, body.size() - offset);
            }
            sink.done();
            return true;
          });
    });
    port_ = svr_.bind_to_any_port("127.0.0.1");
    thread_ = std::thread([this]() { svr_.listen_after_bind(); });
    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }
  void TearDown() override {
    svr_.stop();
    if (thread_.joinable()) thread_.join();
  }
  SSLServer svr_;
  std::thread thread_;
  int port_ = 0;
};

TEST_F(SSLOpenStreamTest, Basic) {
  SSLClient cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/hello");
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello SSL World!", read_all(handle));
}

TEST_F(SSLOpenStreamTest, Chunked) {
  SSLClient cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/chunked");

  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid()) << "Error: " << static_cast<int>(handle.error);
  EXPECT_TRUE(handle.response && handle.response->get_header_value(
                                     "Transfer-Encoding") == "chunked");

  auto body = read_all(handle);
  EXPECT_EQ("chunkchunkchunk", body);
}

TEST_F(SSLOpenStreamTest, Post) {
  SSLClient cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

  auto handle =
      cli.open_stream("POST", "/echo", {}, {}, "Hello SSL POST", "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid()) << "Error: " << static_cast<int>(handle.error);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, handle.response->status);

  auto body = read_all(handle);
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello SSL POST", body);
}

TEST_F(SSLOpenStreamTest, PostChunked) {
  SSLClient cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);

  auto handle = cli.open_stream("POST", "/chunked-response", {}, {},
                                "Chunked SSL Data", "text/plain");

  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());
  EXPECT_EQ(200, handle.response->status);

  auto body = read_all(handle);
  EXPECT_EQ("Chunked SSL Data", body);
}
#endif // CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED

//==============================================================================
// Parity Tests: ensure streaming and non-streaming APIs produce identical
// results for various scenarios.
//==============================================================================

TEST(ParityTest, GetVsOpenStream) {
  Server svr;

  const std::string path = "/parity";
  const std::string content = "Parity test content: hello world";

  svr.Get(path, [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(content, "text/plain");
  });

  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // Non-stream path
  auto r1 = cli.Get(path);
  ASSERT_TRUE(r1);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, r1->status);

  // Stream path
  auto h = cli.open_stream("GET", path);
  ASSERT_TRUE(h.is_valid());

  EXPECT_EQ(r1->body, read_all(h));
}

// Helper to compress data with provided compressor type T
template <typename Compressor>
static std::string compress_payload_for_parity(const std::string &in) {
  std::string out;
  Compressor compressor;
  bool ok = compressor.compress(in.data(), in.size(), /*last=*/true,
                                [&](const char *data, size_t n) {
                                  out.append(data, n);
                                  return true;
                                });
  EXPECT_TRUE(ok);
  return out;
}

// Helper function for compression parity tests
template <typename Compressor>
static void test_compression_parity(const std::string &original,
                                    const std::string &path,
                                    const std::string &encoding) {
  const std::string compressed =
      compress_payload_for_parity<Compressor>(original);

  Server svr;

  svr.Get(path, [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content(compressed, "application/octet-stream");
    res.set_header("Content-Encoding", encoding);
  });

  auto t = std::thread([&] { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // Non-streaming
  {
    auto res = cli.Get(path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    EXPECT_EQ(original, res->body);
  }

  // Streaming
  {
    auto h = cli.open_stream("GET", path);
    ASSERT_TRUE(h.is_valid());
    EXPECT_EQ(original, read_all(h));
  }
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
TEST(ParityTest, Gzip) {
  test_compression_parity<detail::gzip_compressor>(
      "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", "/parity-gzip", "gzip");
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_BROTLI_SUPPORT
TEST(ParityTest, Brotli) {
  test_compression_parity<detail::brotli_compressor>(
      "Hello, brotli parity test payload", "/parity-br", "br");
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZSTD_SUPPORT
TEST(ParityTest, Zstd) {
  test_compression_parity<detail::zstd_compressor>(
      "Zstandard parity test payload", "/parity-zstd", "zstd");
}
#endif

//==============================================================================
// New Stream API Tests
//==============================================================================

inline std::string read_body(httplib::stream::Result &result) {
  std::string body;
  while (result.next()) {
    body.append(result.data(), result.size());
  }
  return body;
}

TEST(ClientConnectionTest, Basic) {
  httplib::ClientConnection conn;
  EXPECT_FALSE(conn.is_open());
  conn.sock = 1;
  EXPECT_TRUE(conn.is_open());
  httplib::ClientConnection conn2(std::move(conn));
  EXPECT_EQ(INVALID_SOCKET, conn.sock);
  conn2.sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
}

// Unified test server for all stream::* tests
class StreamApiTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    svr_.Get("/hello", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
      res.set_content("Hello World!", "text/plain");
    });
    svr_.Get("/echo-params",
             [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
               std::string r;
               for (const auto &p : req.params) {
                 if (!r.empty()) r += "&";
                 r += p.first + "=" + p.second;
               }
               res.set_content(r, "text/plain");
             });
    svr_.Post("/echo", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
      res.set_content(req.body, req.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
    });
    svr_.Post("/echo-headers",
              [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
                std::string r;
                for (const auto &h : req.headers)
                  r += h.first + ": " + h.second + "\n";
                res.set_content(r, "text/plain");
              });
    svr_.Post("/echo-params",
              [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
                std::string r = "params:";
                for (const auto &p : req.params)
                  r += p.first + "=" + p.second + ";";
                res.set_content(r + " body:" + req.body, "text/plain");
              });
    svr_.Post("/large", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
      res.set_content(std::string(100 * 1024, 'X'), "application/octet-stream");
    });
    svr_.Put("/echo", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
      res.set_content("PUT:" + req.body, "text/plain");
    });
    svr_.Patch("/echo",
               [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
                 res.set_content("PATCH:" + req.body, "text/plain");
               });
    svr_.Delete(
        "/resource", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
          res.set_content(req.body.empty() ? "Deleted" : "Deleted:" + req.body,
                          "text/plain");
        });
    svr_.Get("/head-test",
             [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
               res.set_content("body for HEAD", "text/plain");
             });
    svr_.Options("/options",
                 [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
                   res.set_header("Allow", "GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS");
                 });
    thread_ = std::thread([this]() { svr_.listen(HOST, PORT); });
    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }
  void TearDown() override {
    svr_.stop();
    if (thread_.joinable()) thread_.join();
  }
  httplib::Server svr_;
  std::thread thread_;
};

// stream::Get tests
TEST_F(StreamApiTest, GetBasic) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/hello");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result.is_valid());
  EXPECT_EQ(200, result.status());
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello World!", read_body(result));
}

TEST_F(StreamApiTest, GetWithParams) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  httplib::Params params{{"foo", "bar"}};
  auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/echo-params", params);
  ASSERT_TRUE(result.is_valid());
  EXPECT_TRUE(read_body(result).find("foo=bar") != std::string::npos);
}

TEST_F(StreamApiTest, GetConnectionError) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, 9999);
  EXPECT_FALSE(httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/hello").is_valid());
}

TEST_F(StreamApiTest, Get404) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto result = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/nonexistent");
  EXPECT_TRUE(result.is_valid());
  EXPECT_EQ(404, result.status());
}

// stream::Post tests
TEST_F(StreamApiTest, PostBasic) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto result = httplib::stream::Post(cli, "/echo", R"({"key":"value"})",
                                      "application/json");
  ASSERT_TRUE(result.is_valid());
  EXPECT_EQ("application/json", result.get_header_value("Content-Type"));
  EXPECT_EQ(R"({"key":"value"})", read_body(result));
}

TEST_F(StreamApiTest, PostWithHeaders) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  httplib::Headers headers{{"X-Custom", "value"}};
  auto result = httplib::stream::Post(cli, "/echo-headers", headers, "body",
                                      "text/plain");
  EXPECT_TRUE(read_body(result).find("X-Custom: value") != std::string::npos);
}

TEST_F(StreamApiTest, PostWithParams) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  httplib::Params params{{"k", "v"}};
  auto result =
      httplib::stream::Post(cli, "/echo-params", params, "data", "text/plain");
  auto body = read_body(result);
  EXPECT_TRUE(body.find("k=v") != std::string::npos);
  EXPECT_TRUE(body.find("body:data") != std::string::npos);
}

TEST_F(StreamApiTest, PostLarge) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto result = httplib::stream::Post(cli, "/large", "", "text/plain");
  size_t total = 0;
  while (result.next()) {
    total += result.size();
  }
  EXPECT_EQ(100u * 1024u, total);
}

// stream::Put/Patch tests
TEST_F(StreamApiTest, PutAndPatch) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto put = httplib::stream::Put(cli, "/echo", "test", "text/plain");
  EXPECT_EQ("PUT:test", read_body(put));
  auto patch = httplib::stream::Patch(cli, "/echo", "test", "text/plain");
  EXPECT_EQ("PATCH:test", read_body(patch));
}

// stream::Delete tests
TEST_F(StreamApiTest, Delete) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto del1 = httplib::stream::Delete(cli, "/resource");
  EXPECT_EQ("Deleted", read_body(del1));
  auto del2 = httplib::stream::Delete(cli, "/resource", "data", "text/plain");
  EXPECT_EQ("Deleted:data", read_body(del2));
}

// stream::Head/Options tests
TEST_F(StreamApiTest, HeadAndOptions) {
  httplib::Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  auto head = httplib::stream::Head(cli, "/head-test");
  EXPECT_TRUE(head.is_valid());
  EXPECT_FALSE(head.get_header_value("Content-Length").empty());

  auto opts = httplib::stream::Options(cli, "/options");
  EXPECT_EQ("GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS", opts.get_header_value("Allow"));
}

// SSL stream::* tests
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
class SSLStreamApiTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    svr_.Get("/hello", [](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response &res) {
      res.set_content("Hello SSL!", "text/plain");
    });
    svr_.Post("/echo", [](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
      res.set_content(req.body, "text/plain");
    });
    port_ = svr_.bind_to_any_port("127.0.0.1");
    thread_ = std::thread([this]() { svr_.listen_after_bind(); });
    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }
  void TearDown() override {
    svr_.stop();
    if (thread_.joinable()) thread_.join();
  }
  httplib::SSLServer svr_{"cert.pem", "key.pem"};
  std::thread thread_;
  int port_ = 0;
};

TEST_F(SSLStreamApiTest, GetAndPost) {
  httplib::SSLClient cli("127.0.0.1", port_);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  auto get = httplib::stream::Get(cli, "/hello");
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello SSL!", read_body(get));
  auto post = httplib::stream::Post(cli, "/echo", "test", "text/plain");
  EXPECT_EQ("test", read_body(post));
}
#endif

// Tests for Error::Timeout and Error::ConnectionClosed error types
// These errors are set in SocketStream/SSLSocketStream and propagated through
// BodyReader

TEST(ErrorHandlingTest, StreamReadTimeout) {
  // Test that read timeout during streaming is detected
  // Use a large content-length response where server delays mid-stream
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/slow-stream", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    // Send a large response with delay in the middle
    res.set_content_provider(
        1000, // content_length
        "text/plain", [](size_t offset, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset < 100) {
            // Send first 100 bytes immediately
            std::string data(100, 'A');
            sink.write(data.c_str(), data.size());
            return true;
          }
          // Then delay longer than client timeout
          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(3));
          std::string data(900, 'B');
          sink.write(data.c_str(), data.size());
          return true;
        });
  });

  auto port = 8091;
  std::thread t([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", port); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", port);
  cli.set_read_timeout(1, 0); // 1 second timeout

  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/slow-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());

  char buf[256];
  ssize_t total = 0;
  ssize_t n;
  bool got_error = false;

  while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
    total += n;
  }

  if (n < 0) {
    got_error = true;
    // Should be timeout or read error
    EXPECT_TRUE(handle.get_read_error() == Error::Timeout ||
                handle.get_read_error() == Error::Read)
        << "Actual error: " << to_string(handle.get_read_error());
  }

  // Either we got an error, or we got less data than expected
  EXPECT_TRUE(got_error || total < 1000)
      << "Expected timeout but got all " << total << " bytes";

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

TEST(ErrorHandlingTest, StreamConnectionClosed) {
  // Test connection closed detection via BodyReader
  Server svr;
  std::atomic<bool> close_now{false};

  svr.Get("/will-close", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content_provider(
        10000, // Large content_length that we won't fully send
        "text/plain", [&](size_t offset, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset < 100) {
            std::string data(100, 'X');
            sink.write(data.c_str(), data.size());
            return true;
          }
          // Wait for signal then abort
          while (!close_now) {
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
          }
          return false; // Abort - server will close connection
        });
  });

  auto port = 8092;
  std::thread t([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", port); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", port);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/will-close");
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());

  char buf[256];
  ssize_t n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf)); // First read
  EXPECT_GT(n, 0) << "First read should succeed";

  // Signal server to close
  close_now = true;

  // Keep reading until error or EOF
  while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
    // Keep reading
  }

  // Should get an error since content_length wasn't satisfied
  if (n < 0) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(handle.get_read_error() == Error::ConnectionClosed ||
                handle.get_read_error() == Error::Read)
        << "Actual error: " << to_string(handle.get_read_error());
  }

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(ErrorHandlingTest, SSLStreamReadTimeout) {
  // Test that read timeout during SSL streaming is detected
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  svr.Get("/slow-stream", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content_provider(
        1000, "text/plain",
        [](size_t offset, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset < 100) {
            std::string data(100, 'A');
            sink.write(data.c_str(), data.size());
            return true;
          }
          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(3));
          std::string data(900, 'B');
          sink.write(data.c_str(), data.size());
          return true;
        });
  });

  auto port = 8093;
  std::thread t([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", port); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli("localhost", port);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_read_timeout(1, 0); // 1 second timeout

  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/slow-stream");
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());

  char buf[256];
  ssize_t total = 0;
  ssize_t n;
  bool got_error = false;

  while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
    total += n;
  }

  if (n < 0) {
    got_error = true;
    EXPECT_TRUE(handle.get_read_error() == Error::Timeout ||
                handle.get_read_error() == Error::Read)
        << "Actual error: " << to_string(handle.get_read_error());
  }

  EXPECT_TRUE(got_error || total < 1000)
      << "Expected timeout but got all " << total << " bytes";

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

TEST(ErrorHandlingTest, SSLStreamConnectionClosed) {
  // Test SSL connection closed detection
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  std::atomic<bool> close_now{false};

  svr.Get("/will-close", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content_provider(
        10000, "text/plain",
        [&](size_t offset, size_t /*length*/, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset < 100) {
            std::string data(100, 'X');
            sink.write(data.c_str(), data.size());
            return true;
          }
          while (!close_now) {
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
          }
          return false;
        });
  });

  auto port = 8094;
  std::thread t([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", port); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli("localhost", port);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/will-close");
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.is_valid());

  char buf[256];
  ssize_t n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf)); // First read
  EXPECT_GT(n, 0);

  // Signal server to close
  close_now = true;

  while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
    // Keep reading
  }

  if (n < 0) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(handle.get_read_error() == Error::ConnectionClosed ||
                handle.get_read_error() == Error::Read)
        << "Actual error: " << to_string(handle.get_read_error());
  }

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}
#endif

TEST(ETagTest, StaticFileETagAndIfNoneMatch) {
  using namespace httplib;

  // Create a test file
  const char *fname = "etag_testfile.txt";
  const char *content = "etag-content";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // First request: should get 200 with ETag header
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/etag_testfile.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("ETag"));
  std::string etag = res1->get_header_value("ETag");
  EXPECT_FALSE(etag.empty());

  // Verify ETag format: W/"hex-hex"
  ASSERT_GE(etag.length(), 5u); // Minimum: W/""
  EXPECT_EQ('W', etag[0]);
  EXPECT_EQ('/', etag[1]);
  EXPECT_EQ('"', etag[2]);
  EXPECT_EQ('"', etag.back());

  // Exact match: expect 304 Not Modified
  Headers h2 = {{"If-None-Match", etag}};
  auto res2 = cli.Get("/static/etag_testfile.txt", h2);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res2->status);

  // Wildcard match: expect 304 Not Modified
  Headers h3 = {{"If-None-Match", "*"}};
  auto res3 = cli.Get("/static/etag_testfile.txt", h3);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res3);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res3->status);

  // Non-matching ETag: expect 200
  Headers h4 = {{"If-None-Match", "W/\"deadbeef\""}};
  auto res4 = cli.Get("/static/etag_testfile.txt", h4);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res4);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res4->status);

  // Multiple ETags with one matching: expect 304
  Headers h5 = {{"If-None-Match", "W/\"other\", " + etag + ", W/\"another\""}};
  auto res5 = cli.Get("/static/etag_testfile.txt", h5);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res5);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res5->status);

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, StaticFileETagIfNoneMatchStarNotFound) {
  using namespace httplib;

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // Send If-None-Match: * to a non-existent file
  Headers h = {{"If-None-Match", "*"}};
  auto res = cli.Get("/static/etag_testfile_notfound.txt", h);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(404, res->status);

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

TEST(ETagTest, IfNoneMatchBoundaryCheck) {
  using namespace httplib;

  // Create a test file
  const char *fname = "etag_boundary_testfile.txt";
  const char *content = "boundary-test";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // Get the actual ETag
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/etag_boundary_testfile.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("ETag"));
  std::string etag = res1->get_header_value("ETag");

  // Test 1: Very long ETag value (longer than actual ETag)
  // Should NOT match and return 200 (not trigger out-of-bounds read)
  Headers h1 = {{"If-None-Match", "W/"
                                  "\"very-long-etag-value-that-is-much-longer-"
                                  "than-the-actual-etag-value\""}};
  auto res2 = cli.Get("/static/etag_boundary_testfile.txt", h1);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res2->status); // Should not match

  // Test 2: Long string followed by wildcard
  // Should match on "*" and return 304 (without out-of-bounds read on the long
  // string)
  Headers h2 = {{"If-None-Match", "W/\"another-very-long-value\", *"}};
  auto res3 = cli.Get("/static/etag_boundary_testfile.txt", h2);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res3);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res3->status); // Should match on "*"

  // Test 3: Wildcard followed by long string
  // Should match on "*" immediately and return 304
  Headers h3 = {{"If-None-Match", "*, W/\"long-value-after-wildcard\""}};
  auto res4 = cli.Get("/static/etag_boundary_testfile.txt", h3);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res4);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res4->status); // Should match on "*"

  // Test 4: Multiple long non-matching values
  // Should NOT match and return 200 (test that all comparisons are safe)
  Headers h4 = {{"If-None-Match", "W/\"first-long-non-matching-value\", "
                                  "W/\"second-long-non-matching-value\", "
                                  "W/\"third-long-non-matching-value\""}};
  auto res5 = cli.Get("/static/etag_boundary_testfile.txt", h4);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res5);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res5->status); // Should not match

  // Test 5: Single character that is not "*" (edge case)
  Headers h5 = {{"If-None-Match", "X"}};
  auto res6 = cli.Get("/static/etag_boundary_testfile.txt", h5);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res6);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res6->status); // Should not match

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, LastModifiedAndIfModifiedSince) {
  using namespace httplib;

  // Create a test file
  const char *fname = "ims_testfile.txt";
  const char *content = "if-modified-since-test";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // First request: should get 200 with Last-Modified header
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/ims_testfile.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("Last-Modified"));
  std::string last_modified = res1->get_header_value("Last-Modified");
  EXPECT_FALSE(last_modified.empty());

  // If-Modified-Since with same time: expect 304
  Headers h2 = {{"If-Modified-Since", last_modified}};
  auto res2 = cli.Get("/static/ims_testfile.txt", h2);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res2->status);

  // If-Modified-Since with future time: expect 304
  Headers h3 = {{"If-Modified-Since", "Sun, 01 Jan 2099 00:00:00 GMT"}};
  auto res3 = cli.Get("/static/ims_testfile.txt", h3);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res3);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res3->status);

  // If-Modified-Since with past time: expect 200
  Headers h4 = {{"If-Modified-Since", "Sun, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT"}};
  auto res4 = cli.Get("/static/ims_testfile.txt", h4);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res4);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res4->status);

  // If-None-Match takes precedence over If-Modified-Since
  // (send matching ETag with old If-Modified-Since -> should still be 304)
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("ETag"));
  std::string etag = res1->get_header_value("ETag");
  Headers h5 = {{"If-None-Match", etag},
                {"If-Modified-Since", "Sun, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT"}};
  auto res5 = cli.Get("/static/ims_testfile.txt", h5);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res5);
  EXPECT_EQ(304, res5->status);

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, VaryAcceptEncodingWithCompression) {
  using namespace httplib;

  Server svr;

  // Endpoint that returns compressible content
  svr.Get("/compressible", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    // Return a large enough body to trigger compression
    std::string body(1000, 'a');
    res.set_content(body, "text/plain");
  });

  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // Request with gzip support: should get Vary header when compressed
  cli.set_compress(true);
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/compressible");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res1->status);

  // If Content-Encoding is set, Vary should also be set
  if (res1->has_header("Content-Encoding")) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(res1->has_header("Vary"));
    EXPECT_EQ("Accept-Encoding", res1->get_header_value("Vary"));
  }

  // Request without Accept-Encoding header: should not have compression
  Headers h_no_compress;
  auto res2 = cli.Get("/compressible", h_no_compress);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res2->status);

  // Verify Vary header is present when compression is applied
  // (the exact behavior depends on server configuration)

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

TEST(ETagTest, IfRangeWithETag) {
  using namespace httplib;

  // Create a test file with known content
  const char *fname = "if_range_testfile.txt";
  const std::string content = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJ"; // 20 bytes
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // First request: get ETag
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_testfile.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("ETag"));
  std::string etag = res1->get_header_value("ETag");

  // RFC 9110 Section 13.1.5: If-Range requires strong ETag comparison.
  // Since our server generates weak ETags (W/"..."), If-Range with our
  // ETag should NOT result in partial content - it should return full content.
  Headers h2 = {{"Range", "bytes=0-4"}, {"If-Range", etag}};
  auto res2 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_testfile.txt", h2);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
  // Weak ETag in If-Range -> full content (200), not partial (206)
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res2->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(content, res2->body);
  EXPECT_FALSE(res2->has_header("Content-Range"));

  // Range request with non-matching If-Range (ETag): should get 200 (full
  // content)
  Headers h3 = {{"Range", "bytes=0-4"}, {"If-Range", "W/\"wrong-etag\""}};
  auto res3 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_testfile.txt", h3);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res3);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res3->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(content, res3->body);
  EXPECT_FALSE(res3->has_header("Content-Range"));

  // Range request with strong ETag (hypothetical - our server doesn't generate
  // strong ETags, but if client sends a strong ETag that doesn't match, it
  // should return full content)
  Headers h4 = {{"Range", "bytes=0-4"}, {"If-Range", "\"strong-etag\""}};
  auto res4 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_testfile.txt", h4);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res4);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res4->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(content, res4->body);
  EXPECT_FALSE(res4->has_header("Content-Range"));

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, IfRangeWithDate) {
  using namespace httplib;

  // Create a test file
  const char *fname = "if_range_date_testfile.txt";
  const std::string content = "ABCDEFGHIJ0123456789"; // 20 bytes
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // First request: get Last-Modified
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_date_testfile.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("Last-Modified"));
  std::string last_modified = res1->get_header_value("Last-Modified");

  // Range request with matching If-Range (date): should get 206
  Headers h2 = {{"Range", "bytes=5-9"}, {"If-Range", last_modified}};
  auto res2 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_date_testfile.txt", h2);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
  EXPECT_EQ(206, res2->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("FGHIJ", res2->body);

  // Range request with old If-Range date: should get 200 (full content)
  Headers h3 = {{"Range", "bytes=5-9"},
                {"If-Range", "Sun, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT"}};
  auto res3 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_date_testfile.txt", h3);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res3);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res3->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(content, res3->body);

  // Range request with future If-Range date: should get 206
  Headers h4 = {{"Range", "bytes=0-4"},
                {"If-Range", "Sun, 01 Jan 2099 00:00:00 GMT"}};
  auto res4 = cli.Get("/static/if_range_date_testfile.txt", h4);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res4);
  EXPECT_EQ(206, res4->status);
  EXPECT_EQ("ABCDE", res4->body);

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}
TEST(ETagTest, MalformedIfNoneMatchAndWhitespace) {
  using namespace httplib;

  const char *fname = "etag_malformed.txt";
  const char *content = "malformed-etag";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // baseline: should get 200 and an ETag
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/etag_malformed.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("ETag"));

  // Malformed ETag value (missing quotes) should be treated as non-matching
  Headers h_bad = {{"If-None-Match", "W/noquotes"}};
  auto res_bad = cli.Get("/static/etag_malformed.txt", h_bad);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res_bad);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res_bad->status);

  // Whitespace-only header value should be considered invalid / non-matching
  std::string raw_req = "GET /static/etag_malformed.txt HTTP/1.1\r\n"
                        "Host: localhost\r\n"
                        "If-None-Match:   \r\n"
                        "Connection: close\r\n"
                        "\r\n";

  std::string out;
  ASSERT_TRUE(send_request(5, raw_req, &out));
  EXPECT_EQ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK", out.substr(0, 15));

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, InvalidIfModifiedSinceAndIfRangeDate) {
  using namespace httplib;

  const char *fname = "ims_invalid_format.txt";
  const char *content = "ims-bad-format";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/ims_invalid_format.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("Last-Modified"));

  // If-Modified-Since with invalid format should not result in 304
  Headers h_bad_date = {{"If-Modified-Since", "not-a-valid-date"}};
  auto res_bad = cli.Get("/static/ims_invalid_format.txt", h_bad_date);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res_bad);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res_bad->status);

  // If-Range with invalid date format should be treated as mismatch -> full
  // content (200)
  Headers h_ifrange_bad = {{"Range", "bytes=0-3"},
                           {"If-Range", "invalid-date"}};
  auto res_ifrange = cli.Get("/static/ims_invalid_format.txt", h_ifrange_bad);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res_ifrange);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res_ifrange->status);

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, IfRangeWithMalformedETag) {
  using namespace httplib;

  const char *fname = "ifrange_malformed.txt";
  const std::string content = "0123456789";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  // First request: get ETag
  auto res1 = cli.Get("/static/ifrange_malformed.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("ETag"));

  // If-Range with malformed ETag (no quotes) should be treated as mismatch ->
  // full content (200)
  Headers h_malformed = {{"Range", "bytes=0-4"}, {"If-Range", "W/noquotes"}};
  auto res2 = cli.Get("/static/ifrange_malformed.txt", h_malformed);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res2->status);
  EXPECT_EQ(content, res2->body);

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, ExtremeLargeDateValues) {
  using namespace httplib;

  const char *fname = "ims_extreme_date.txt";
  const char *content = "ims-extreme-date";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  auto res1 = cli.Get(std::string("/static/") + fname);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1->has_header("Last-Modified"));

  // Extremely large year that may overflow date parsing routines.
  Headers h_large_date = {
      {"If-Modified-Since", "Sun, 01 Jan 99999 00:00:00 GMT"}};
  auto res_bad = cli.Get(std::string("/static/") + fname, h_large_date);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res_bad);
  // Expect server to treat this as invalid/mismatch and return full content
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res_bad->status);

  // If-Range with extremely large date should be treated as mismatch -> full
  // content (200)
  Headers h_ifrange_large = {{"Range", "bytes=0-3"},
                             {"If-Range", "Sun, 01 Jan 99999 00:00:00 GMT"}};
  auto res_ifrange = cli.Get(std::string("/static/") + fname, h_ifrange_large);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res_ifrange);
  EXPECT_EQ(200, res_ifrange->status);

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

TEST(ETagTest, NegativeFileModificationTime) {
  using namespace httplib;

  const char *fname = "ims_negative_mtime.txt";
  const std::string content = "negative-mtime";
  {
    std::ofstream ofs(fname);
    ofs << content;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ofs.good());
  }

  // Try to set file mtime to a negative value. This may fail on some
  // platforms/filesystems; if it fails, the test will still verify server
  // behaves safely by performing a regular conditional request.
#if defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__linux__)
  bool set_negative = false;
  do {
    struct timeval times[2];
    // access time: now
    times[0].tv_sec = time(nullptr);
    times[0].tv_usec = 0;
    // modification time: negative (e.g., -1)
    times[1].tv_sec = -1;
    times[1].tv_usec = 0;
    if (utimes(fname, times) == 0) { set_negative = true; }
  } while (0);
#else
  bool set_negative = false;
#endif

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/static", ".");
  auto t = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(HOST, PORT);

  auto res1 = cli.Get(std::string("/static/") + fname);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res1);
  ASSERT_EQ(200, res1->status);
  bool has_last_modified = res1->has_header("Last-Modified");
  std::string last_modified;
  if (has_last_modified) {
    last_modified = res1->get_header_value("Last-Modified");
  }

  if (set_negative) {
    // If we successfully set a negative mtime, ensure server returns a
    // Last-Modified string (may be empty or normalized). Send If-Modified-Since
    // with an old date and ensure server handles it without crash.
    Headers h_old = {{"If-Modified-Since", "Sun, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"}};
    auto res2 = cli.Get(std::string("/static/") + fname, h_old);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res2);
    // Behavior may vary; at minimum ensure server responds (200 or 304).
    EXPECT_TRUE(res2->status == 200 || res2->status == 304);
  } else {
    // Could not set negative mtime on this platform; fall back to verifying
    // that normal invalid/malformed dates are treated safely (non-304).
    Headers h_bad_date = {
        {"If-Modified-Since", "Sun, 01 Jan 99999 00:00:00 GMT"}};
    auto res_bad = cli.Get(std::string("/static/") + fname, h_bad_date);
    ASSERT_TRUE(res_bad);
    EXPECT_EQ(200, res_bad->status);
  }

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
  std::remove(fname);
}

//==============================================================================
// SSE Parsing Tests
//==============================================================================

class SSEParsingTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  // Test helper that mimics SSE parsing behavior
  static bool parse_sse_line(const std::string &line, sse::SSEMessage &msg,
                             int &retry_ms) {
    // Blank line signals end of event
    if (line.empty() || line == "\r") { return true; }

    // Lines starting with ':' are comments (ignored)
    if (!line.empty() && line[0] == ':') { return false; }

    // Find the colon separator
    auto colon_pos = line.find(':');
    if (colon_pos == std::string::npos) {
      // Line with no colon is treated as field name with empty value
      return false;
    }

    std::string field = line.substr(0, colon_pos);
    std::string value;

    // Value starts after colon, skip optional single space
    if (colon_pos + 1 < line.size()) {
      size_t value_start = colon_pos + 1;
      if (line[value_start] == ' ') { value_start++; }
      value = line.substr(value_start);
      // Remove trailing \r if present
      if (!value.empty() && value.back() == '\r') { value.pop_back(); }
    }

    // Handle known fields
    if (field == "event") {
      msg.event = value;
    } else if (field == "data") {
      // Multiple data lines are concatenated with newlines
      if (!msg.data.empty()) { msg.data += "\n"; }
      msg.data += value;
    } else if (field == "id") {
      // Empty id is valid (clears the last event ID)
      msg.id = value;
    } else if (field == "retry") {
      // Parse retry interval in milliseconds
      {
        int v = 0;
        auto res =
            detail::from_chars(value.data(), value.data() + value.size(), v);
        if (res.ec == std::errc{}) { retry_ms = v; }
      }
    }
    // Unknown fields are ignored per SSE spec

    return false;
  }
};

// Test: Single-line data
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, SingleLineData) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: hello", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "hello");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.event, "message");

  // Blank line ends event
  EXPECT_TRUE(parse_sse_line("", msg, retry_ms));
}

// Test: Multi-line data
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, MultiLineData) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: line1", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: line2", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: line3", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "line1\nline2\nline3");
}

// Test: Custom event types
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, CustomEventType) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("event: update", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: payload", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.event, "update");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "payload");
}

// Test: Event ID handling
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, EventIdHandling) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("id: 12345", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: test", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.id, "12345");
}

// Test: Empty event ID (clears last event ID)
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, EmptyEventId) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  msg.id = "previous";
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("id:", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.id, "");
}

// Test: Retry field parsing
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, RetryFieldParsing) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("retry: 5000", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(retry_ms, 5000);
}

// Test: Invalid retry value
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, InvalidRetryValue) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("retry: invalid", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(retry_ms, 3000); // Unchanged
}

// Test: Comments (lines starting with :)
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, CommentsIgnored) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line(": this is a comment", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.event, "message");
}

// Test: Colon in value
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, ColonInValue) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: hello:world:test", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "hello:world:test");
}

// Test: Line with no colon (field name only)
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, FieldNameOnly) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  // According to SSE spec, this is treated as field name with empty value
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data", msg, retry_ms));
  // Since we don't recognize "data" without colon, data should be empty
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "");
}

// Test: Trailing \r handling
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, TrailingCarriageReturn) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: hello\r", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "hello");
}

// Test: Unknown fields ignored
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, UnknownFieldsIgnored) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("unknown: value", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.event, "message");
}

// Test: Space after colon is optional
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, SpaceAfterColonOptional) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg1, msg2;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: hello", msg1, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data:hello", msg2, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_EQ(msg1.data, "hello");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg2.data, "hello");
}

// Test: SSEMessage clear
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, MessageClear) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  msg.event = "custom";
  msg.data = "some data";
  msg.id = "123";

  msg.clear();

  EXPECT_EQ(msg.event, "message");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.id, "");
}

// Test: Complete event parsing
TEST_F(SSEParsingTest, CompleteEventParsing) {
  sse::SSEMessage msg;
  int retry_ms = 3000;

  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("event: notification", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("id: evt-42", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("data: {\"type\":\"alert\"}", msg, retry_ms));
  EXPECT_FALSE(parse_sse_line("retry: 1000", msg, retry_ms));

  // Blank line ends event
  EXPECT_TRUE(parse_sse_line("", msg, retry_ms));

  EXPECT_EQ(msg.event, "notification");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.id, "evt-42");
  EXPECT_EQ(msg.data, "{\"type\":\"alert\"}");
  EXPECT_EQ(retry_ms, 1000);
}

//==============================================================================
// Integration Tests with Server
//==============================================================================

class SSEIntegrationTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    stop_server_.store(false);
    events_.clear();
    server_ = httplib::detail::make_unique<Server>();
    setup_server();
    start_server();
  }

  void TearDown() override {
    stop_server_.store(true);
    event_cv_.notify_all();
    server_->stop();
    if (server_thread_.joinable()) { server_thread_.join(); }
  }

  void setup_server() {
    // Simple SSE endpoint
    server_->Get("/events", [this](const Request &req, Response &res) {
      auto last_id = req.get_header_value("Last-Event-ID");
      if (!last_id.empty()) { last_received_event_id_ = last_id; }

      res.set_chunked_content_provider(
          "text/event-stream", [this](size_t /*offset*/, DataSink &sink) {
            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(event_mutex_);
            if (event_cv_.wait_for(
                    lock, std::chrono::milliseconds(200), [this] {
                      return !events_.empty() || stop_server_.load();
                    })) {
              if (stop_server_.load()) { return false; }
              if (!events_.empty()) {
                std::string event = events_.front();
                events_.erase(events_.begin());
                sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
                return true;
              }
            }
            return !stop_server_.load();
          });
    });

    // Endpoint that returns error
    server_->Get("/error-endpoint", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.status = 500;
      res.set_content("Internal Server Error", "text/plain");
    });

    // Endpoint for custom event types
    server_->Get("/custom-events", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
      res.set_chunked_content_provider(
          "text/event-stream", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
            if (offset == 0) {
              std::string event = "event: update\ndata: updated\n\n"
                                  "event: delete\ndata: deleted\n\n";
              sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
            }
            return false; // End stream after sending
          });
    });
  }

  void start_server() {
    port_ = server_->bind_to_any_port(HOST);
    server_thread_ = std::thread([this]() { server_->listen_after_bind(); });

    // Wait for server to start
    while (!server_->is_running()) {
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
    }
  }

  int get_port() const { return port_; }

  void send_event(const std::string &event) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(event_mutex_);
    events_.push_back(event);
    event_cv_.notify_all();
  }

  std::unique_ptr<Server> server_;
  std::thread server_thread_;
  std::mutex event_mutex_;
  std::condition_variable event_cv_;
  std::vector<std::string> events_;
  std::atomic<bool> stop_server_{false};
  std::string last_received_event_id_;
  int port_ = 0;
};

// Test: Successful connection and on_open callback
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, SuccessfulConnection) {
  // Add a simple endpoint that sends one event and closes
  server_->Get("/simple-event", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/event-stream", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset == 0) {
            std::string event = "data: hello\n\n";
            sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
          }
          return false; // Close stream after sending
        });
  });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/simple-event");

  std::atomic<bool> open_called{false};
  std::atomic<bool> message_received{false};

  sse.on_open([&open_called]() { open_called.store(true); });

  sse.on_message([&message_received](const sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    if (msg.data == "hello") { message_received.store(true); }
  });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(100);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);

  // Start async
  sse.start_async();

  // Wait for message to be processed
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));

  sse.stop();

  EXPECT_TRUE(open_called.load());
  EXPECT_TRUE(message_received.load());
}

// Test: on_message callback
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, OnMessageCallback) {
  // Endpoint that sends multiple events then closes
  server_->Get("/multi-event", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/event-stream", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset == 0) {
            std::string events = "data: message1\n\ndata: message2\n\n";
            sink.write(events.data(), events.size());
          }
          return false;
        });
  });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/multi-event");

  std::vector<std::string> received_messages;
  std::mutex messages_mutex;

  sse.on_message([&](const sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(messages_mutex);
    received_messages.push_back(msg.data);
  });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(100);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);
  sse.start_async();

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
  sse.stop();

  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(messages_mutex);
  EXPECT_GE(received_messages.size(), 2u);
  if (received_messages.size() >= 2) {
    EXPECT_EQ(received_messages[0], "message1");
    EXPECT_EQ(received_messages[1], "message2");
  }
}

// Test: on_event for specific types
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, OnEventForSpecificTypes) {
  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/custom-events");

  std::atomic<bool> update_received{false};
  std::atomic<bool> delete_received{false};

  sse.on_event("update", [&update_received](const sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    if (msg.data == "updated") { update_received.store(true); }
  });

  sse.on_event("delete", [&delete_received](const sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    if (msg.data == "deleted") { delete_received.store(true); }
  });

  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);
  sse.start_async();

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(300));
  sse.stop();

  EXPECT_TRUE(update_received.load());
  EXPECT_TRUE(delete_received.load());
}

// Test: on_error callback on connection failure
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, OnErrorCallback) {
  // Connect to a non-existent port
  Client client("localhost", 59999);
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/events");

  std::atomic<bool> error_called{false};
  Error received_error = Error::Success;

  sse.on_error([&](Error err) {
    error_called.store(true);
    received_error = err;
  });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(50);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);

  sse.start_async();
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
  sse.stop();

  EXPECT_TRUE(error_called.load());
  EXPECT_NE(received_error, Error::Success);
}

// Test: Last-Event-ID header sent on reconnect
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, LastEventIdHeader) {
  // Endpoint that sends event with ID
  server_->Get("/event-with-id", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/event-stream", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset == 0) {
            std::string event = "id: evt-123\ndata: test\n\n";
            sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
          }
          return false;
        });
  });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/event-with-id");

  std::atomic<bool> id_received{false};

  sse.on_message([&](const sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    if (!msg.id.empty()) { id_received.store(true); }
  });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(100);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);
  sse.start_async();

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
  sse.stop();

  EXPECT_TRUE(id_received.load());
  EXPECT_EQ(sse.last_event_id(), "evt-123");
}

// Test: Manual stop
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, ManualStop) {
  // Endpoint that sends one event and stays open briefly
  std::atomic<bool> handler_running{true};

  server_->Get("/stay-open", [&handler_running](const Request &,
                                                Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/event-stream", [&handler_running](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset == 0) {
            std::string event = "data: connected\n\n";
            sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
          }
          // Keep connection open while handler_running is true
          for (int i = 0; i < 10 && handler_running.load(); ++i) {
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
          }
          return false;
        });
  });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/stay-open");

  std::atomic<bool> connected{false};
  sse.on_open([&connected]() { connected.store(true); });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(100);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);
  sse.start_async();

  // Wait for connection to establish
  for (int i = 0; i < 20 && !connected.load(); ++i) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
  }
  EXPECT_TRUE(connected.load());
  EXPECT_TRUE(sse.is_connected());

  // Signal handler to stop
  handler_running.store(false);

  // Stop SSE client
  sse.stop();
  EXPECT_FALSE(sse.is_connected());
}

// Test: SSEClient with custom headers
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, CustomHeaders) {
  // Setup a server endpoint that checks for custom header
  std::atomic<bool> header_received{false};

  server_->Get("/header-check", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    if (req.get_header_value("X-Custom-Header") == "custom-value") {
      header_received.store(true);
    }
    res.set_chunked_content_provider("text/event-stream",
                                     [](size_t, DataSink &) { return false; });
  });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  Headers headers = {{"X-Custom-Header", "custom-value"}};
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/header-check", headers);

  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);
  sse.start_async();

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
  sse.stop();

  EXPECT_TRUE(header_received.load());
}

// Test: Reconnect interval configuration
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, ReconnectIntervalConfiguration) {
  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/events");

  auto &result = sse.set_reconnect_interval(500);
  // Builder pattern should return reference to self
  EXPECT_EQ(&result, &sse);
}

// Test: Max reconnect attempts
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, MaxReconnectAttempts) {
  // Connect to non-existent port to force reconnects
  Client client("localhost", 59998);
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/events");

  std::atomic<int> error_count{0};

  sse.on_error([&](Error) { error_count.fetch_add(1); });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(50);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(2);

  auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
  sse.start(); // Blocking call
  auto end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();

  // Should have stopped after 2 failed attempts
  EXPECT_GE(error_count.load(), 2);

  // Should not have taken too long (max 2 attempts * 50ms + overhead)
  auto duration =
      std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start);
#ifdef _WIN32
  // Windows is much slower for socket connection failures
  EXPECT_LT(duration.count(), 7000);
#else
  EXPECT_LT(duration.count(), 1000);
#endif
}

// Test: Multi-line data in integration
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, MultiLineDataIntegration) {
  // Endpoint with multi-line data
  server_->Get("/multiline-data", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/event-stream", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset == 0) {
            std::string event = "data: line1\ndata: line2\ndata: line3\n\n";
            sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
          }
          return false;
        });
  });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/multiline-data");

  std::string received_data;
  std::mutex data_mutex;

  sse.on_message([&](const sse::SSEMessage &msg) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(data_mutex);
    received_data = msg.data;
  });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(100);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(1);
  sse.start_async();

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
  sse.stop();

  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(data_mutex);
  EXPECT_EQ(received_data, "line1\nline2\nline3");
}

// Test: Auto-reconnect after server disconnection
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, AutoReconnectAfterDisconnect) {
  std::atomic<int> connection_count{0};
  std::atomic<int> message_count{0};

  // Endpoint that sends one event and closes, forcing reconnect
  server_->Get("/reconnect-test",
               [&connection_count](const Request &, Response &res) {
                 connection_count.fetch_add(1);
                 res.set_chunked_content_provider(
                     "text/event-stream", [](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
                       if (offset == 0) {
                         std::string event = "data: hello\n\n";
                         sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
                       }
                       return false; // Close connection after sending
                     });
               });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/reconnect-test");

  sse.on_message([&message_count](const sse::SSEMessage &) {
    message_count.fetch_add(1);
  });

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(100);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(3);
  sse.start_async();

  // Wait long enough for multiple reconnects
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(800));
  sse.stop();

  // Should have connected multiple times (initial + reconnects)
  EXPECT_GE(connection_count.load(), 2);
  // Should have received messages from multiple connections
  EXPECT_GE(message_count.load(), 2);
}

// Test: Last-Event-ID sent on reconnect
TEST_F(SSEIntegrationTest, LastEventIdSentOnReconnect) {
  std::atomic<int> connection_count{0};
  std::vector<std::string> received_last_event_ids;
  std::mutex id_mutex;

  // Endpoint that checks Last-Event-ID header and sends event with ID
  server_->Get("/reconnect-with-id", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    int conn = connection_count.fetch_add(1);

    // Capture the Last-Event-ID header from each connection
    {
      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(id_mutex);
      received_last_event_ids.push_back(req.get_header_value("Last-Event-ID"));
    }

    res.set_chunked_content_provider(
        "text/event-stream", [conn](size_t offset, DataSink &sink) {
          if (offset == 0) {
            std::string event =
                "id: event-" + std::to_string(conn) + "\ndata: msg\n\n";
            sink.write(event.data(), event.size());
          }
          return false;
        });
  });

  Client client("localhost", get_port());
  sse::SSEClient sse(client, "/reconnect-with-id");

  sse.set_reconnect_interval(100);
  sse.set_max_reconnect_attempts(3);
  sse.start_async();

  // Wait for at least 2 connections
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
  sse.stop();

  // Verify behavior
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(id_mutex);
  EXPECT_GE(received_last_event_ids.size(), 2u);

  // First connection should have no Last-Event-ID
  if (!received_last_event_ids.empty()) {
    EXPECT_EQ(received_last_event_ids[0], "");
  }

  // Second connection should have Last-Event-ID from first connection
  if (received_last_event_ids.size() >= 2) {
    EXPECT_EQ(received_last_event_ids[1], "event-0");
  }
}

TEST(Issue2318Test, EmptyHostString) {
  {
    httplib::Client cli_empty("", PORT);
    auto res = cli_empty.Get("/");
    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(httplib::Error::Connection, res.error());
  }
  {
    httplib::Client cli("   ", PORT);
    auto res = cli.Get("/");
    ASSERT_FALSE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(httplib::Error::Connection, res.error());
  }
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_ZLIB_SUPPORT
TEST(ZipBombProtectionTest, DecompressedSizeExceedsLimit) {
  Server svr;

  // Set a small payload limit (1KB)
  svr.set_payload_max_length(1024);

  svr.Post("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Body size: " + std::to_string(req.body.size()),
                    "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(HOST, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Create data that compresses well but exceeds limit when decompressed
  // 8KB of repeated null bytes compresses to a very small size
  std::string original_data(8 * 1024, '\0');

  // Compress the data using gzip
  std::string compressed_data;
  detail::gzip_compressor compressor;
  compressor.compress(original_data.data(), original_data.size(), true,
                      [&](const char *data, size_t size) {
                        compressed_data.append(data, size);
                        return true;
                      });

  // Verify compression worked (compressed should be much smaller)
  ASSERT_LT(compressed_data.size(), original_data.size());
  ASSERT_LT(compressed_data.size(), 1024u); // Compressed fits in limit

  // Send compressed data with Content-Encoding: gzip
  Client cli(HOST, PORT);
  Headers headers = {{"Content-Encoding", "gzip"}};
  auto res =
      cli.Post("/test", headers, compressed_data, "application/octet-stream");

  // Server should reject because decompressed size (8KB) exceeds limit (1KB)
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::PayloadTooLarge_413, res->status);
}
#endif

// ============================================================================
// OpenSSL-Specific Tests
// ============================================================================

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
X509 *readCertificate(const std::string &strFileName) {
  std::ifstream inStream(strFileName);
  std::string strCertPEM((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(inStream)),
                         std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());

  if (strCertPEM.empty()) return (nullptr);

  BIO *pbCert = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
  BIO_write(pbCert, strCertPEM.c_str(), (int)strCertPEM.size());
  X509 *pCert = PEM_read_bio_X509(pbCert, NULL, 0, NULL);
  BIO_free(pbCert);

  return (pCert);
}

EVP_PKEY *readPrivateKey(const std::string &strFileName) {
  std::ifstream inStream(strFileName);
  std::string strPrivateKeyPEM((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(inStream)),
                               std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());

  if (strPrivateKeyPEM.empty()) return (nullptr);

  BIO *pbPrivKey = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
  BIO_write(pbPrivKey, strPrivateKeyPEM.c_str(), (int)strPrivateKeyPEM.size());
  EVP_PKEY *pPrivateKey = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(pbPrivKey, NULL, NULL, NULL);
  BIO_free(pbPrivKey);

  return (pPrivateKey);
}

TEST(BindServerTest, UpdateCerts) {
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  int port = svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  ASSERT_TRUE(port > 0);

  X509 *cert = readCertificate(SERVER_CERT_FILE);
  X509 *ca_cert = readCertificate(CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  EVP_PKEY *key = readPrivateKey(SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  ASSERT_TRUE(cert != nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ca_cert != nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(key != nullptr);

  X509_STORE *cert_store = X509_STORE_new();

  X509_STORE_add_cert(cert_store, ca_cert);

  // svr.update_certs(cert, key, cert_store); // deprecated
  svr.update_certs_pem(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE,
                       CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);

  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  svr.stop();

  X509_STORE_free(cert_store);
  X509_free(cert);
  X509_free(ca_cert);
  EVP_PKEY_free(key);
}

// Test that SSLServer(X509*, EVP_PKEY*, X509_STORE*) constructor sets
// client CA list correctly for TLS handshake
TEST(SSLClientServerTest, X509ConstructorSetsClientCAList) {
  X509 *cert = readCertificate(SERVER_CERT_FILE);
  X509 *ca_cert = readCertificate(CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  EVP_PKEY *key = readPrivateKey(SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);

  ASSERT_TRUE(cert != nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ca_cert != nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(key != nullptr);

  X509_STORE *cert_store = X509_STORE_new();
  X509_STORE_add_cert(cert_store, ca_cert);

  // Use X509-based constructor (deprecated but should still work correctly)
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
  SSLServer svr(cert, key, cert_store);
#pragma GCC diagnostic pop

  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  // Verify that client CA list is set in SSL_CTX
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(svr.tls_context());
  ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_ctx != nullptr);

  STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *ca_list = SSL_CTX_get_client_CA_list(ssl_ctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ca_list != nullptr);
  EXPECT_GT(sk_X509_NAME_num(ca_list), 0);

  X509_free(cert);
  X509_free(ca_cert);
  EVP_PKEY_free(key);
}

// Test that update_certs() updates client CA list correctly
TEST(SSLClientServerTest, UpdateCertsSetsClientCAList) {
  // Start with file-based constructor
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  // Initially no client CA list should be set
  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(svr.tls_context());
  ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_ctx != nullptr);

  STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *ca_list_before = SSL_CTX_get_client_CA_list(ssl_ctx);
  int count_before = ca_list_before ? sk_X509_NAME_num(ca_list_before) : 0;
  EXPECT_EQ(0, count_before);

  // Now update with client CA (PEM string)
  std::string cert_pem, key_pem, ca_pem;
  read_file(SERVER_CERT_FILE, cert_pem);
  read_file(SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, key_pem);
  read_file(CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE, ca_pem);

  svr.update_certs_pem(cert_pem.c_str(), key_pem.c_str(), ca_pem.c_str());

  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  // Now client CA list should be set
  STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *ca_list_after = SSL_CTX_get_client_CA_list(ssl_ctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ca_list_after != nullptr);
  EXPECT_GT(sk_X509_NAME_num(ca_list_after), 0);
}

TEST(SSLClientServerTest, FilePathConstructorSetsClientCAList) {
  // Test that the file-path SSLServer constructor properly sets the client CA
  // list that is sent to clients during the TLS handshake (CertificateRequest)
  SSLServer svr(SERVER_CERT_FILE, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());

  auto ssl_ctx = static_cast<SSL_CTX *>(svr.tls_context());
  ASSERT_TRUE(ssl_ctx != nullptr);

  STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *ca_list = SSL_CTX_get_client_CA_list(ssl_ctx);
  ASSERT_TRUE(ca_list != nullptr);
  EXPECT_GT(sk_X509_NAME_num(ca_list), 0);
}

#endif

// ============================================================================
// MbedTLS-Specific Tests
// ============================================================================

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT
TEST(SSLClientServerTest, CustomizeServerSSLCtxMbedTLS) {
  using namespace httplib::tls;

  // Track if callback was invoked
  bool callback_invoked = false;

  // The callback receives void* ctx which is actually MbedTlsContext*
  // We can access the mbedtls_ssl_config via the context
  auto setup_callback = [&callback_invoked](void *ctx) {
    callback_invoked = true;

    // Cast to MbedTlsContext* to access the ssl config
    auto *mbedtls_ctx = static_cast<httplib::tls::impl::MbedTlsContext *>(ctx);
    mbedtls_ssl_config *conf = &mbedtls_ctx->conf;

    // Use static variables to hold certificate data (simplified for test)
    static mbedtls_x509_crt own_cert;
    static mbedtls_pk_context own_key;
    static mbedtls_x509_crt ca_chain;
    static bool initialized = false;

    if (!initialized) {
      mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&own_cert);
      mbedtls_pk_init(&own_key);
      mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&ca_chain);

      // Load server certificate
      if (mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&own_cert, SERVER_CERT_FILE) != 0) {
        return false;
      }
      // Load server private key
      if (mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&own_key, SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, nullptr
#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
                                   ,
                                   mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, nullptr
#endif
                                   ) != 0) {
        return false;
      }
      // Load CA chain for client verification
      if (mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&ca_chain, CLIENT_CA_CERT_FILE) != 0) {
        return false;
      }
      initialized = true;
    }

    // Configure the SSL config
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(conf, &own_cert, &own_key);
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(conf, &ca_chain, nullptr);
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED);

    // Set minimum TLS version using mbedTLS native API
#if MBEDTLS_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_tls_version(conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_VERSION_TLS1_2);
#else
    mbedtls_ssl_conf_min_version(conf, MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3,
                                 MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_3);
#endif

    return true;
  };

  SSLServer svr(setup_callback);
  ASSERT_TRUE(svr.is_valid());
  ASSERT_TRUE(callback_invoked);

  svr.Get("/test", [&](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("test", "text/plain");

    auto cert = req.peer_cert();
    ASSERT_TRUE(static_cast<bool>(cert));

    auto common_name = cert.subject_cn();
    EXPECT_EQ("Common Name", common_name);
  });

  thread t = thread([&]() { ASSERT_TRUE(svr.listen(HOST, PORT)); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    t.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  SSLClient cli(HOST, PORT, CLIENT_CERT_FILE, CLIENT_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
  cli.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  cli.set_connection_timeout(30);

  auto res = cli.Get("/test");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}
#endif

// WebSocket Tests

TEST(WebSocketTest, RSVBitsMustBeZero) {
  // RFC 6455 Section 5.2: RSV1, RSV2, RSV3 MUST be 0 unless an extension
  // defining the meaning of these bits has been negotiated.
  auto make_frame = [](uint8_t first_byte) {
    std::string frame;
    frame += static_cast<char>(first_byte); // FIN + RSV + opcode
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x05);       // mask=0, payload_len=5
    frame += "Hello";
    return frame;
  };

  // RSV1 set (0x40)
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    strm.write(make_frame(0x81 | 0x40).data(), 8); // FIN + RSV1 + Text
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                                false, 1024));
  }

  // RSV2 set (0x20)
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    strm.write(make_frame(0x81 | 0x20).data(), 8); // FIN + RSV2 + Text
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                                false, 1024));
  }

  // RSV3 set (0x10)
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    strm.write(make_frame(0x81 | 0x10).data(), 8); // FIN + RSV3 + Text
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                                false, 1024));
  }

  // No RSV bits set - should succeed
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    strm.write(make_frame(0x81).data(), 8); // FIN + Text, no RSV
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                               false, 1024));
    EXPECT_EQ(ws::Opcode::Text, opcode);
    EXPECT_EQ("Hello", payload);
    EXPECT_TRUE(fin);
  }
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, ControlFrameValidation) {
  // RFC 6455 Section 5.5: control frames MUST have FIN=1 and
  // payload length <= 125.

  // Ping with FIN=0 - must be rejected
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    std::string frame;
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x09); // FIN=0, opcode=Ping
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x00); // mask=0, payload_len=0
    strm.write(frame.data(), frame.size());
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                                false, 1024));
  }

  // Close with FIN=0 - must be rejected
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    std::string frame;
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x08); // FIN=0, opcode=Close
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x00); // mask=0, payload_len=0
    strm.write(frame.data(), frame.size());
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                                false, 1024));
  }

  // Ping with payload_len=126 (extended length) - must be rejected
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    std::string frame;
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x89); // FIN=1, opcode=Ping
    frame += static_cast<char>(126);  // payload_len=126 (>125)
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x00); // extended length high byte
    frame += static_cast<char>(126);  // extended length low byte
    frame += std::string(126, 'x');
    strm.write(frame.data(), frame.size());
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                                false, 1024));
  }

  // Ping with FIN=1 and payload_len=125 - should succeed
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    std::string frame;
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x89); // FIN=1, opcode=Ping
    frame += static_cast<char>(125);  // payload_len=125
    frame += std::string(125, 'x');
    strm.write(frame.data(), frame.size());
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                               false, 1024));
    EXPECT_EQ(ws::Opcode::Ping, opcode);
    EXPECT_EQ(125u, payload.size());
    EXPECT_TRUE(fin);
  }
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, PayloadLength64BitMSBMustBeZero) {
  // RFC 6455 Section 5.2: the most significant bit of a 64-bit payload
  // length MUST be 0.

  // MSB set - must be rejected
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    std::string frame;
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x81); // FIN=1, opcode=Text
    frame += static_cast<char>(127);  // 64-bit extended length
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x80); // MSB set (invalid)
    frame += std::string(7, '\0');    // remaining 7 bytes of length
    strm.write(frame.data(), frame.size());
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                                false, 1024));
  }

  // MSB clear - should pass length parsing (will be rejected by max_len,
  // but that's a different check; use a small length to verify)
  {
    detail::BufferStream strm;
    std::string frame;
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x81); // FIN=1, opcode=Text
    frame += static_cast<char>(127);  // 64-bit extended length
    frame += std::string(7, '\0');    // high bytes = 0
    frame += static_cast<char>(0x03); // length = 3
    frame += "abc";
    strm.write(frame.data(), frame.size());
    ws::Opcode opcode;
    std::string payload;
    bool fin;
    EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::read_websocket_frame(strm, opcode, payload, fin,
                                               false, 1024));
    EXPECT_EQ(ws::Opcode::Text, opcode);
    EXPECT_EQ("abc", payload);
  }
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, InvalidUTF8TextFrame) {
  // RFC 6455 Section 5.6: text frames must contain valid UTF-8.

  // Valid UTF-8
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("Hello"));
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\xC3\xA9"));         // é (U+00E9)
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\xE3\x81\x82"));     // あ (U+3042)
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\xF0\x9F\x98\x80")); // 😀 (U+1F600)
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8(""));

  // Invalid UTF-8
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\x80"));     // Invalid start byte
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\xC3\x28")); // Bad continuation
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\xC0\xAF")); // Overlong encoding
  EXPECT_FALSE(
      ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\xED\xA0\x80")); // Surrogate half U+D800
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws::impl::is_valid_utf8("\xF4\x90\x80\x80")); // Beyond U+10FFFF
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, ConnectAndDisconnect) {
  Server svr;
  svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {}
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port(HOST);
  std::thread t([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port) + "/ws");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());
  EXPECT_TRUE(client.is_open());
  client.close();
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.is_open());

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, ValidURL) {
  ws::WebSocketClient ws1("ws://localhost:8080/path");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws1.is_valid());

  ws::WebSocketClient ws2("ws://example.com/path");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws2.is_valid());

  ws::WebSocketClient ws3("ws://example.com:9090/path/to/endpoint");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws3.is_valid());

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  ws::WebSocketClient wss1("wss://example.com/path");
  EXPECT_TRUE(wss1.is_valid());

  ws::WebSocketClient wss2("wss://example.com:443/path");
  EXPECT_TRUE(wss2.is_valid());
#endif
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, InvalidURL) {
  // No scheme
  ws::WebSocketClient ws1("localhost:8080/path");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws1.is_valid());

  // No path
  ws::WebSocketClient ws2("ws://localhost:8080");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws2.is_valid());

  // Empty string
  ws::WebSocketClient ws3("");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws3.is_valid());

  // Missing host
  ws::WebSocketClient ws4("ws://:8080/path");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws4.is_valid());

  // Port number overflow — should not crash
  ws::WebSocketClient ws5("ws://localhost:99999999999999999999/path");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws5.is_valid());

  // Port out of range
  ws::WebSocketClient ws6("ws://localhost:99999/path");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws6.is_valid());
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, UnsupportedScheme) {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
  ws::WebSocketClient ws1("http://localhost:8080/path");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws1.is_valid());

  ws::WebSocketClient ws2("https://localhost:8080/path");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws2.is_valid());

  ws::WebSocketClient ws3("ftp://localhost:8080/path");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws3.is_valid());
#else
  EXPECT_THROW(ws::WebSocketClient("http://localhost:8080/path"),
               std::invalid_argument);

  EXPECT_THROW(ws::WebSocketClient("ftp://localhost:8080/path"),
               std::invalid_argument);
#endif
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, ConnectWhenInvalid) {
  ws::WebSocketClient ws("not a valid url");
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws.is_valid());
  EXPECT_FALSE(ws.connect());
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, DefaultPort) {
  ws::WebSocketClient ws1("ws://example.com/path");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws1.is_valid());
  // ws:// defaults to port 80 (verified by successful parse)

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  ws::WebSocketClient ws2("wss://example.com/path");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws2.is_valid());
  // wss:// defaults to port 443 (verified by successful parse)
#endif
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, IPv6LiteralAddress) {
  ws::WebSocketClient ws1("ws://[::1]:8080/path");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws1.is_valid());

  ws::WebSocketClient ws2("ws://[fe80::1]:3000/ws");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws2.is_valid());
}

TEST(WebSocketTest, ComplexPath) {
  ws::WebSocketClient ws1("ws://localhost:8080/path/to/endpoint");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws1.is_valid());

  ws::WebSocketClient ws2("ws://localhost:8080/");
  EXPECT_TRUE(ws2.is_valid());
}

class WebSocketIntegrationTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    server_ = httplib::detail::make_unique<Server>();
    setup_server();
    start_server();
  }

  void TearDown() override {
    server_->stop();
    if (server_thread_.joinable()) { server_thread_.join(); }
  }

  void setup_server() {
    server_->WebSocket("/ws-echo", [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
      std::string msg;
      ws::ReadResult ret;
      while ((ret = ws.read(msg))) {
        if (ret == ws::Binary) {
          ws.send(msg.data(), msg.size());
        } else {
          ws.send(msg);
        }
      }
    });

    server_->WebSocket("/ws-echo-string",
                       [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
                         std::string msg;
                         while (ws.read(msg)) {
                           ws.send("echo: " + msg);
                         }
                       });

    server_->WebSocket(
        "/ws-request-info", [](const Request &req, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
          // Echo back request metadata
          ws.send("path:" + req.path);
          ws.send("header:" + req.get_header_value("X-Test-Header"));
          std::string msg;
          while (ws.read(msg)) {}
        });

    server_->WebSocket("/ws-close", [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
      std::string msg;
      ws.read(msg); // wait for a message
      ws.close();
    });

    server_->WebSocket("/ws-close-status",
                       [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
                         std::string msg;
                         ws.read(msg); // wait for a message
                         ws.close(ws::CloseStatus::GoingAway, "shutting down");
                       });

    server_->WebSocket(
        "/ws-subprotocol",
        [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
          std::string msg;
          while (ws.read(msg)) {
            ws.send(msg);
          }
        },
        [](const std::vector<std::string> &protocols) -> std::string {
          for (const auto &p : protocols) {
            if (p == "graphql-ws") { return p; }
          }
          return "";
        });
  }

  void start_server() {
    port_ = server_->bind_to_any_port(HOST);
    server_thread_ = std::thread([this]() { server_->listen_after_bind(); });
    server_->wait_until_ready();
  }

  std::unique_ptr<Server> server_;
  std::thread server_thread_;
  int port_ = 0;
};

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, TextEcho) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.is_open());

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("Hello WebSocket"));
  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_EQ(ws::Text, client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello WebSocket", msg);

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, BinaryEcho) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  std::string binary_data = {'\x00', '\x01', '\x02', '\xFF', '\xFE'};
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send(binary_data.data(), binary_data.size()));

  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_EQ(ws::Binary, client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ(binary_data, msg);

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, MultipleMessages) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    auto text = "message " + std::to_string(i);
    ASSERT_TRUE(client.send(text));
    std::string msg;
    ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
    EXPECT_EQ(text, msg);
  }

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, CloseHandshake) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-close");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Send a message to trigger the server to close
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("trigger close"));

  // The server will close, so read should return false
  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.is_open());
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, LargeMessage) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // 128KB message
  std::string large_data(128 * 1024, 'X');
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send(large_data));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ(large_data, msg);

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, ConcurrentSend) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  const int num_threads = 4;
  std::vector<std::thread> threads;
  std::atomic<int> send_count{0};

  for (int t = 0; t < num_threads; t++) {
    threads.emplace_back([&client, &send_count, t]() {
      for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        auto text = "thread" + std::to_string(t) + "_msg" + std::to_string(i);
        if (client.send(text)) { send_count++; }
      }
    });
  }

  for (auto &th : threads) {
    th.join();
  }

  int received = 0;
  std::string msg;
  while (received < send_count.load()) {
    if (!client.read(msg)) { break; }
    received++;
  }
  EXPECT_EQ(send_count.load(), received);

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, ReadString) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo-string");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("hello"));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("echo: hello", msg);

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("world"));
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("echo: world", msg);

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, RequestAccess) {
  Headers headers = {{"X-Test-Header", "test-value"}};
  ws::WebSocketClient client(
      "ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws-request-info", headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("path:/ws-request-info", msg);

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("header:test-value", msg);

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, ReadTimeout) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  client.set_read_timeout(1, 0); // 1 second
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Don't send anything — server echo handler waits for a message,
  // so read() should time out and return false.
  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.read(msg));
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, MaxPayloadExceeded) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  client.set_read_timeout(5, 0);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Send a message exceeding CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH (16MB).
  // The server should reject it and close the connection.
  std::string oversized(CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH + 1, 'A');
  client.send(oversized);

  // The server's read() should have failed due to payload limit,
  // so our read() should return false (connection closed).
  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.read(msg));
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, MaxPayloadAtLimit) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  client.set_read_timeout(10, 0);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Send a message exactly at CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH (16MB).
  // This should succeed.
  std::string at_limit(CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH, 'B');
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send(at_limit));

  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ(at_limit.size(), msg.size());

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, ConnectToInvalidPath) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/nonexistent");
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.connect());
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.is_open());
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, EmptyMessage) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send(""));
  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_EQ(ws::Text, client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("", msg);

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, Reconnect) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");

  // First connection
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("first"));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("first", msg);
  client.close();
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.is_open());

  // Reconnect using the same client object
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.is_open());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("second"));
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("second", msg);
  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, CloseWithStatus) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-close-status");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Trigger the server to close with GoingAway status
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("trigger"));

  // read() should return false after receiving the close frame
  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.is_open());
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, ClientCloseWithStatus) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  client.close(ws::CloseStatus::GoingAway, "client leaving");
  EXPECT_FALSE(client.is_open());
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, SubProtocolNegotiation) {
  Headers headers = {{"Sec-WebSocket-Protocol", "mqtt, graphql-ws"}};
  ws::WebSocketClient client(
      "ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws-subprotocol", headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Server should have selected graphql-ws
  EXPECT_EQ("graphql-ws", client.subprotocol());

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, SubProtocolNoMatch) {
  Headers headers = {{"Sec-WebSocket-Protocol", "mqtt, wamp"}};
  ws::WebSocketClient client(
      "ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws-subprotocol", headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Server should not have selected any subprotocol
  EXPECT_TRUE(client.subprotocol().empty());

  client.close();
}

TEST_F(WebSocketIntegrationTest, SubProtocolNotRequested) {
  // Connect without requesting any subprotocol
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-subprotocol");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  EXPECT_TRUE(client.subprotocol().empty());

  client.close();
}

TEST(WebSocketPreRoutingTest, RejectWithoutAuth) {
  Server svr;

  svr.set_pre_routing_handler([](const Request &req, Response &res) {
    if (!req.has_header("Authorization")) {
      res.status = StatusCode::Unauthorized_401;
      res.set_content("Unauthorized", "text/plain");
      return Server::HandlerResponse::Handled;
    }
    return Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
  });

  svr.WebSocket("/ws", [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
    std::string msg;
    while (ws.read(msg)) {
      ws.send(msg);
    }
  });

  auto port = svr.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
  std::thread t([&]() { svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Without Authorization header - should be rejected before upgrade
  ws::WebSocketClient client1("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port) + "/ws");
  EXPECT_FALSE(client1.connect());

  // With Authorization header - should succeed
  Headers headers = {{"Authorization", "Bearer token123"}};
  ws::WebSocketClient client2("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port) + "/ws",
                              headers);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client2.connect());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client2.send("hello"));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client2.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("hello", msg);
  client2.close();

  svr.stop();
  t.join();
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
class WebSocketSSLIntegrationTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    server_ = httplib::detail::make_unique<SSLServer>(SERVER_CERT_FILE,
                                                      SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
    server_->WebSocket("/ws-echo", [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
      std::string msg;
      ws::ReadResult ret;
      while ((ret = ws.read(msg))) {
        if (ret == ws::Binary) {
          ws.send(msg.data(), msg.size());
        } else {
          ws.send(msg);
        }
      }
    });
    port_ = server_->bind_to_any_port(HOST);
    server_thread_ = std::thread([this]() { server_->listen_after_bind(); });
    server_->wait_until_ready();
  }

  void TearDown() override {
    server_->stop();
    if (server_thread_.joinable()) { server_thread_.join(); }
  }

  std::unique_ptr<SSLServer> server_;
  std::thread server_thread_;
  int port_ = 0;
};

TEST_F(WebSocketSSLIntegrationTest, TextEcho) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("wss://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) +
                             "/ws-echo");
  client.enable_server_certificate_verification(false);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.is_open());

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("Hello WSS"));
  std::string msg;
  EXPECT_EQ(ws::Text, client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("Hello WSS", msg);

  client.close();
}
#endif

#if !defined(_WIN32)
TEST(SymlinkTest, SymlinkEscapeFromBaseDirectory) {
  auto secret_dir = std::string("./symlink_test_secret");
  auto served_dir = std::string("./symlink_test_served");
  auto secret_file = secret_dir + "/secret.txt";
  auto symlink_path = served_dir + "/escape";

  // Setup: create directories and files
  mkdir(secret_dir.c_str(), 0755);
  mkdir(served_dir.c_str(), 0755);

  {
    std::ofstream ofs(secret_file);
    ofs << "SECRET_DATA";
  }

  // Create symlink using absolute path so it resolves correctly
  char abs_secret[PATH_MAX];
  ASSERT_NE(nullptr, realpath(secret_dir.c_str(), abs_secret));
  ASSERT_EQ(0, symlink(abs_secret, symlink_path.c_str()));

  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    unlink(symlink_path.c_str());
    unlink(secret_file.c_str());
    rmdir(served_dir.c_str());
    rmdir(secret_dir.c_str());
  });

  Server svr;
  svr.set_mount_point("/", served_dir);

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&svr]() { svr.listen("localhost", PORT); });
  auto se2 = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
  });
  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli("localhost", PORT);

  // Symlink pointing outside base dir should be blocked
  auto res = cli.Get("/escape/secret.txt");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Forbidden_403, res->status);
}
#endif


================================================
FILE: test/test.conf
================================================
[req]
default_bits           = 2048
distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_name
attributes             = req_attributes
prompt                 = no
output_password        = mypass

[req_distinguished_name]
C                      = US
ST                     = Test State or Province
L                      = Test Locality
O                      = Organization Name
OU                     = Organizational Unit Name
CN                     = Common Name
emailAddress           = test@email.address

[req_attributes]
challengePassword              = 1234

[SAN]
subjectAltName=IP:127.0.0.1


================================================
FILE: test/test.rootCA.conf
================================================
[req]
default_bits           = 2048
distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_name
attributes             = req_attributes
prompt                 = no
output_password        = mypass

[req_distinguished_name]
C                      = US
ST                     = Test State or Province
L                      = Test Locality
O                      = Organization Name
OU                     = Organizational Unit Name
CN                     = Root CA Name
emailAddress           = test@email.address

[req_attributes]
challengePassword              = 1234


================================================
FILE: test/test.sln
================================================

Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
# Visual Studio Express 2013 for Windows Desktop
VisualStudioVersion = 12.0.20617.1 PREVIEW
MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "test", "test.vcxproj", "{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}"
EndProject
Global
	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
		Debug|Win32 = Debug|Win32
		Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
		Release|Win32 = Release|Win32
		Release|x64 = Release|x64
	EndGlobalSection
	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
		{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
	EndGlobalSection
	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
	EndGlobalSection
EndGlobal


================================================
FILE: test/test.vcxproj
================================================
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="14.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
    <ProjectGuid>{6B3E6769-052D-4BC0-9D2C-E9127C3DBB26}</ProjectGuid>
    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
    <RootNamespace>test</RootNamespace>
    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="PropertySheets">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="PropertySheets">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <IncludePath>$(IncludePath)</IncludePath>
    <LibraryPath>$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <IncludePath>$(IncludePath)</IncludePath>
    <LibraryPath>$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <IncludePath>$(IncludePath)</IncludePath>
    <LibraryPath>$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <IncludePath>$(IncludePath)</IncludePath>
    <LibraryPath>$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level4</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>./;../</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
      <AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      </AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level4</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>./;../</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
      <AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      </AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <AdditionalOptions>/bigobj %(AdditionalOptions)</AdditionalOptions>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <WarningLevel>Level4</WarningLevel>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>./;../</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
      <AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      </AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <WarningLevel>Level4</WarningLevel>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>./;../</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
      <AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      </AdditionalUsingDirectories>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <AdditionalOptions>/bigobj %(AdditionalOptions)</AdditionalOptions>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <AdditionalDependencies>Ws2_32.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClCompile Include="gtest\gtest-all.cc" />
    <ClCompile Include="gtest\gtest_main.cc" />
    <ClCompile Include="test.cc" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
  </ImportGroup>
</Project>

================================================
FILE: test/test_32bit_build.cpp
================================================
#include "../httplib.h"

int main() {
  httplib::Server svr;
  httplib::Client cli("localhost", 8080);
  (void)svr;
  (void)cli;
  return 0;
}


================================================
FILE: test/test_benchmark.cc
================================================
#include <httplib.h>

#include <gtest/gtest.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <chrono>
#include <sstream>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>

using namespace httplib;

static const int PORT = 11134;

static void performance_test(const char *host) {
  Server svr;

  svr.Get("/benchmark", [&](const Request & /*req*/, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("Benchmark Response", "text/plain");
  });

  auto listen_thread = std::thread([&]() { svr.listen(host, PORT); });
  auto se = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    svr.stop();
    listen_thread.join();
    ASSERT_FALSE(svr.is_running());
  });

  svr.wait_until_ready();

  Client cli(host, PORT);

  // Warm-up request to establish connection and resolve DNS
  auto warmup_res = cli.Get("/benchmark");
  ASSERT_TRUE(warmup_res); // Ensure server is responding correctly

  // Run multiple trials and collect timings
  const int num_trials = 20;
  std::vector<int64_t> timings;
  timings.reserve(num_trials);

  for (int i = 0; i < num_trials; i++) {
    auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
    auto res = cli.Get("/benchmark");
    auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();

    auto elapsed =
        std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start)
            .count();

    // Assertions after timing measurement to avoid overhead
    ASSERT_TRUE(res);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);

    timings.push_back(elapsed);
  }

  // Calculate 25th percentile (lower quartile)
  std::sort(timings.begin(), timings.end());
  auto p25 = timings[num_trials / 4];

  // Format timings for output
  std::ostringstream timings_str;
  timings_str << "[";
  for (size_t i = 0; i < timings.size(); i++) {
    if (i > 0) timings_str << ", ";
    timings_str << timings[i];
  }
  timings_str << "]";

  // Localhost HTTP GET should be fast even in CI environments
  EXPECT_LE(p25, 5) << "25th percentile performance is too slow: " << p25
                    << "ms (Issue #1777). Timings: " << timings_str.str();
}

TEST(BenchmarkTest, localhost) { performance_test("localhost"); }

TEST(BenchmarkTest, v6) { performance_test("::1"); }


================================================
FILE: test/test_proxy.cc
================================================
#include <chrono>
#include <future>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <httplib.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace httplib;

std::string normalizeJson(const std::string &json) {
  std::string result;
  for (char c : json) {
    if (c != ' ' && c != '\t' && c != '\n' && c != '\r') { result += c; }
  }
  return result;
}

template <typename T> void ProxyTest(T &cli, bool basic) {
  cli.set_proxy("localhost", basic ? 3128 : 3129);
  auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/get");
  ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::ProxyAuthenticationRequired_407, res->status);
}

TEST(ProxyTest, NoSSLBasic) {
  Client cli("nghttp2.org");
  ProxyTest(cli, true);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(ProxyTest, SSLBasic) {
  SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
  ProxyTest(cli, true);
}

TEST(ProxyTest, NoSSLDigest) {
  Client cli("nghttp2.org");
  ProxyTest(cli, false);
}

TEST(ProxyTest, SSLDigest) {
  SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
  ProxyTest(cli, false);
}
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

template <typename T>
void RedirectProxyText(T &cli, const char *path, bool basic) {
  cli.set_proxy("localhost", basic ? 3128 : 3129);
  if (basic) {
    cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("hello", "world");
  } else {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    cli.set_proxy_digest_auth("hello", "world");
#endif
  }
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get(path);
  ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
}

TEST(RedirectTest, HTTPBinNoSSLBasic) {
  Client cli("nghttp2.org");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/httpbin/redirect/2", true);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(RedirectTest, HTTPBinNoSSLDigest) {
  Client cli("nghttp2.org");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/httpbin/redirect/2", false);
}

TEST(RedirectTest, HTTPBinSSLBasic) {
  SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/httpbin/redirect/2", true);
}

TEST(RedirectTest, HTTPBinSSLDigest) {
  SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/httpbin/redirect/2", false);
}
#endif

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(RedirectTest, YouTubeNoSSLBasic) {
  Client cli("youtube.com");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/", true);
}

TEST(RedirectTest, YouTubeNoSSLDigest) {
  Client cli("youtube.com");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/", false);
}

TEST(RedirectTest, YouTubeSSLBasic) {
  SSLClient cli("youtube.com");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/", true);
}

TEST(RedirectTest, YouTubeSSLDigest) {
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(3));
  SSLClient cli("youtube.com");
  RedirectProxyText(cli, "/", false);
}
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(RedirectTest, TLSVerificationOnProxyRedirect) {
  // Untrusted HTTPS server with self-signed cert
  SSLServer untrusted_svr("cert.pem", "key.pem");
  untrusted_svr.Get("/", [](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_content("MITM'd", "text/plain");
  });

  auto untrusted_port = untrusted_svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
  auto t1 = thread([&]() { untrusted_svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se1 = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    untrusted_svr.stop();
    t1.join();
  });

  // HTTP server that redirects to the untrusted HTTPS server
  // Use host.docker.internal so the proxy container can reach the host
  Server redirect_svr;
  redirect_svr.Get("/", [&](const Request &, Response &res) {
    res.set_redirect(
        "https://host.docker.internal:" + to_string(untrusted_port) + "/");
  });

  auto redirect_port = redirect_svr.bind_to_any_port("0.0.0.0");
  auto t2 = thread([&]() { redirect_svr.listen_after_bind(); });
  auto se2 = detail::scope_exit([&] {
    redirect_svr.stop();
    t2.join();
  });

  // Wait until servers are up
  untrusted_svr.wait_until_ready();
  redirect_svr.wait_until_ready();

  // Client with proxy + follow_location, verification ON (default)
  Client cli("host.docker.internal", redirect_port);
  cli.set_proxy("localhost", 3128);
  cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("hello", "world");
  cli.set_follow_location(true);

  auto res = cli.Get("/");

  // Self-signed cert must be rejected
  ASSERT_TRUE(res == nullptr);
}
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

template <typename T> void BaseAuthTestFromHTTPWatch(T &cli) {
  cli.set_proxy("localhost", 3128);
  cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("hello", "world");

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/basic-auth/hello/world");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/basic-auth/hello/world",
                       {make_basic_authentication_header("hello", "world")});
    ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(normalizeJson("{\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}\n"),
              normalizeJson(res->body));
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    cli.set_basic_auth("hello", "world");
    auto res = cli.Get("/basic-auth/hello/world");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(normalizeJson("{\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}\n"),
              normalizeJson(res->body));
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    cli.set_basic_auth("hello", "bad");
    auto res = cli.Get("/basic-auth/hello/world");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }

  {
    cli.set_basic_auth("bad", "world");
    auto res = cli.Get("/basic-auth/hello/world");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }
}

TEST(BaseAuthTest, NoSSL) {
  Client cli("httpcan.org");
  BaseAuthTestFromHTTPWatch(cli);
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(BaseAuthTest, SSL) {
  SSLClient cli("httpcan.org");
  BaseAuthTestFromHTTPWatch(cli);
}
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
template <typename T> void DigestAuthTestFromHTTPWatch(T &cli) {
  cli.set_proxy("localhost", 3129);
  cli.set_proxy_digest_auth("hello", "world");

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/digest-auth/auth/hello/world");
    ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
  }

  {
    std::vector<std::string> paths = {
        "/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/MD5",
        "/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-256",
        "/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-512",
    };

    cli.set_digest_auth("hello", "world");
    for (auto path : paths) {
      auto res = cli.Get(path.c_str());
      ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
      std::string algo(path.substr(path.rfind('/') + 1));
      EXPECT_EQ(
          normalizeJson("{\"algorithm\":\"" + algo +
                        "\",\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}\n"),
          normalizeJson(res->body));
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }

    cli.set_digest_auth("hello", "bad");
    for (auto path : paths) {
      auto res = cli.Get(path.c_str());
      ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
    }

    cli.set_digest_auth("bad", "world");
    for (auto path : paths) {
      auto res = cli.Get(path.c_str());
      ASSERT_TRUE(res != nullptr);
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::Unauthorized_401, res->status);
    }
  }
}

TEST(DigestAuthTest, SSL) {
  SSLClient cli("httpcan.org");
  DigestAuthTestFromHTTPWatch(cli);
}

TEST(DigestAuthTest, NoSSL) {
  Client cli("httpcan.org");
  DigestAuthTestFromHTTPWatch(cli);
}
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

template <typename T> void KeepAliveTest(T &cli, bool basic) {
  cli.set_proxy("localhost", basic ? 3128 : 3129);
  if (basic) {
    cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("hello", "world");
  } else {
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
    cli.set_proxy_digest_auth("hello", "world");
#endif
  }

  cli.set_follow_location(true);
#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
  cli.set_digest_auth("hello", "world");
#endif

  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/get");
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }
  {
    auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/redirect/2");
    EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
  }

  {
    std::vector<std::string> paths = {
        "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/MD5",
        "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-256",
        "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth/hello/world/SHA-512",
        "/httpbin/digest-auth/auth-int/hello/world/MD5",
    };

    for (auto path : paths) {
      auto res = cli.Get(path.c_str());
      EXPECT_EQ(normalizeJson("{\"authenticated\":true,\"user\":\"hello\"}\n"),
                normalizeJson(res->body));
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }
  }

  {
    int count = 10;
    while (count--) {
      auto res = cli.Get("/httpbin/get");
      EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, res->status);
    }
  }
}

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(KeepAliveTest, NoSSLWithBasic) {
  Client cli("nghttp2.org");
  KeepAliveTest(cli, true);
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, SSLWithBasic) {
  SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
  KeepAliveTest(cli, true);
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, NoSSLWithDigest) {
  Client cli("nghttp2.org");
  KeepAliveTest(cli, false);
}

TEST(KeepAliveTest, SSLWithDigest) {
  SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
  KeepAliveTest(cli, false);
}
#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#ifdef CPPHTTPLIB_SSL_ENABLED
TEST(ProxyTest, SSLOpenStream) {
  SSLClient cli("nghttp2.org");
  cli.set_proxy("localhost", 3128);
  cli.set_proxy_basic_auth("hello", "world");

  auto handle = cli.open_stream("GET", "/httpbin/get");
  ASSERT_TRUE(handle.response);
  EXPECT_EQ(StatusCode::OK_200, handle.response->status);

  std::string body;
  char buf[8192];
  ssize_t n;
  while ((n = handle.read(buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
    body.append(buf, static_cast<size_t>(n));
  }
  EXPECT_FALSE(body.empty());
}
#endif


================================================
FILE: test/test_thread_pool.cc
================================================
// ThreadPool unit tests
// Set a short idle timeout for faster shrink tests
#define CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT 1

#include <httplib.h>

#include <gtest/gtest.h>

#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>

using namespace httplib;

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, BasicTaskExecution) {
  ThreadPool pool(4);
  std::atomic<int> count(0);

  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    pool.enqueue([&count]() { count++; });
  }

  pool.shutdown();
  EXPECT_EQ(10, count.load());
}

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, FixedPoolWhenMaxEqualsBase) {
  // max_n == 0 means max = base (fixed pool behavior)
  ThreadPool pool(4);
  std::atomic<int> count(0);

  for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
    pool.enqueue([&count]() { count++; });
  }

  pool.shutdown();
  EXPECT_EQ(100, count.load());
}

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, DynamicScaleUp) {
  // base=2, max=8: block 2 base threads, then enqueue more tasks
  ThreadPool pool(2, 8);

  std::atomic<int> active(0);
  std::atomic<int> max_active(0);
  std::atomic<int> completed(0);
  std::mutex barrier_mutex;
  std::condition_variable barrier_cv;
  bool release = false;

  // Occupy all base threads with blocking tasks
  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
    pool.enqueue([&]() {
      active++;
      {
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(barrier_mutex);
        barrier_cv.wait(lock, [&] { return release; });
      }
      active--;
      completed++;
    });
  }

  // Wait for base threads to be occupied
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  // These should trigger dynamic thread creation
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    pool.enqueue([&]() {
      int cur = ++active;
      // Track peak active count
      int prev = max_active.load();
      while (cur > prev && !max_active.compare_exchange_weak(prev, cur)) {}
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
      active--;
      completed++;
    });
  }

  // Wait for dynamic tasks to complete
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(500));

  // Release the blocking tasks
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(barrier_mutex);
    release = true;
  }
  barrier_cv.notify_all();

  pool.shutdown();
  EXPECT_EQ(6, completed.load());
  // More than 2 threads were active simultaneously
  EXPECT_GT(max_active.load(), 2);
}

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, DynamicShrinkAfterIdle) {
  // CPPHTTPLIB_THREAD_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT is set to 1 second
  ThreadPool pool(2, 8);

  std::atomic<int> completed(0);

  // Enqueue tasks that require dynamic threads
  for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    pool.enqueue([&]() {
      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
      completed++;
    });
  }

  // Wait for all tasks to complete + idle timeout + margin
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(2500));

  // Now enqueue a simple task to verify the pool still works
  // (base threads are still alive)
  std::atomic<bool> final_task_done(false);
  pool.enqueue([&]() { final_task_done = true; });

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  pool.shutdown();
  EXPECT_EQ(8, completed.load());
  EXPECT_TRUE(final_task_done.load());
}

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, ShutdownWithActiveDynamicThreads) {
  ThreadPool pool(2, 8);

  std::atomic<int> started(0);

  std::mutex block_mutex;
  std::condition_variable block_cv;
  bool release = false;

  // Start tasks on dynamic threads that block until released
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    pool.enqueue([&]() {
      started++;
      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(block_mutex);
      block_cv.wait(lock, [&] { return release; });
    });
  }

  // Wait for tasks to start
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200));
  EXPECT_GE(started.load(), 2);

  // Release all blocked threads, then shutdown
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(block_mutex);
    release = true;
  }
  block_cv.notify_all();

  pool.shutdown();
}

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, MaxQueuedRequests) {
  // base=2, max=2 (fixed), mqr=3
  ThreadPool pool(2, 2, 3);

  std::mutex block_mutex;
  std::condition_variable block_cv;
  bool release = false;

  // Block both threads
  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
    EXPECT_TRUE(pool.enqueue([&]() {
      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(block_mutex);
      block_cv.wait(lock, [&] { return release; });
    }));
  }

  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));

  // Fill the queue up to max_queued_requests
  EXPECT_TRUE(pool.enqueue([]() {}));
  EXPECT_TRUE(pool.enqueue([]() {}));
  EXPECT_TRUE(pool.enqueue([]() {}));

  // This should fail - queue is full
  EXPECT_FALSE(pool.enqueue([]() {}));

  // Release blocked threads
  {
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(block_mutex);
    release = true;
  }
  block_cv.notify_all();

  pool.shutdown();
}

#ifndef CPPHTTPLIB_NO_EXCEPTIONS
TEST(ThreadPoolTest, InvalidMaxThreadsThrows) {
  // max_n < n should throw
  EXPECT_THROW(ThreadPool(8, 4), std::invalid_argument);
}
#endif

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, EnqueueAfterShutdownReturnsFalse) {
  ThreadPool pool(2);
  pool.shutdown();
  EXPECT_FALSE(pool.enqueue([]() {}));
}

TEST(ThreadPoolTest, ConcurrentEnqueue) {
  ThreadPool pool(4, 16);
  std::atomic<int> count(0);
  const int num_producers = 4;
  const int tasks_per_producer = 100;

  std::vector<std::thread> producers;
  for (int p = 0; p < num_producers; p++) {
    producers.emplace_back([&]() {
      for (int i = 0; i < tasks_per_producer; i++) {
        pool.enqueue([&count]() { count++; });
      }
    });
  }

  for (auto &t : producers) {
    t.join();
  }

  pool.shutdown();
  EXPECT_EQ(num_producers * tasks_per_producer, count.load());
}


================================================
FILE: test/test_websocket_heartbeat.cc
================================================
// Standalone test for WebSocket automatic heartbeat.
// Compiled with a 1-second ping interval so we can verify heartbeat behavior
// without waiting 30 seconds.

#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_PING_INTERVAL_SECOND 1
#define CPPHTTPLIB_WEBSOCKET_READ_TIMEOUT_SECOND 3
#include <httplib.h>

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

using namespace httplib;

class WebSocketHeartbeatTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    svr_.WebSocket("/ws", [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
      std::string msg;
      while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send(msg);
      }
    });

    port_ = svr_.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
    thread_ = std::thread([this]() { svr_.listen_after_bind(); });
    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  void TearDown() override {
    svr_.stop();
    thread_.join();
  }

  Server svr_;
  int port_;
  std::thread thread_;
};

// Verify that an idle connection stays alive beyond the read timeout
// thanks to automatic heartbeat pings.
TEST_F(WebSocketHeartbeatTest, IdleConnectionStaysAlive) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Sleep longer than read timeout (3s). Without heartbeat, the connection
  // would time out. With heartbeat pings every 1s, it stays alive.
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  // Connection should still be open
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.is_open());

  // Verify we can still exchange messages
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("hello after idle"));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("hello after idle", msg);

  client.close();
}

// Verify that set_websocket_ping_interval overrides the compile-time default
TEST_F(WebSocketHeartbeatTest, RuntimePingIntervalOverride) {
  // The server is already using the compile-time default (1s).
  // Create a client with a custom runtime interval.
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws");
  client.set_websocket_ping_interval(2);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Sleep longer than read timeout (3s). Client heartbeat at 2s keeps alive.
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.is_open());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("runtime interval"));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("runtime interval", msg);

  client.close();
}

// Verify that ping_interval=0 disables heartbeat without breaking basic I/O.
TEST_F(WebSocketHeartbeatTest, ZeroDisablesHeartbeat) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws");
  client.set_websocket_ping_interval(0);
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Basic send/receive still works with heartbeat disabled
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("no client ping"));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("no client ping", msg);

  client.close();
}

// Verify that Server::set_websocket_ping_interval works at runtime
class WebSocketServerPingIntervalTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
  void SetUp() override {
    svr_.set_websocket_ping_interval(2);
    svr_.WebSocket("/ws", [](const Request &, ws::WebSocket &ws) {
      std::string msg;
      while (ws.read(msg)) {
        ws.send(msg);
      }
    });

    port_ = svr_.bind_to_any_port("localhost");
    thread_ = std::thread([this]() { svr_.listen_after_bind(); });
    svr_.wait_until_ready();
  }

  void TearDown() override {
    svr_.stop();
    thread_.join();
  }

  Server svr_;
  int port_;
  std::thread thread_;
};

TEST_F(WebSocketServerPingIntervalTest, ServerRuntimeInterval) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Server ping interval is 2s; client uses compile-time default (1s).
  // Both keep the connection alive.
  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));

  ASSERT_TRUE(client.is_open());
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.send("server interval"));
  std::string msg;
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
  EXPECT_EQ("server interval", msg);

  client.close();
}

// Verify that multiple heartbeat cycles work
TEST_F(WebSocketHeartbeatTest, MultipleHeartbeatCycles) {
  ws::WebSocketClient client("ws://localhost:" + std::to_string(port_) + "/ws");
  ASSERT_TRUE(client.connect());

  // Wait through several heartbeat cycles
  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1500));
    ASSERT_TRUE(client.is_open());
    std::string text = "msg" + std::to_string(i);
    ASSERT_TRUE(client.send(text));
    std::string msg;
    ASSERT_TRUE(client.read(msg));
    EXPECT_EQ(text, msg);
  }

  client.close();
}


================================================
FILE: test/www/dir/1MB.txt
================================================
9254835974458887629672873635789957411886024698554157393849494864228024962939550688297074527198420261051675205999609689838587412
7948702662533481896767559573369920938242346354580061545409242090168773727371802699309443935396635866263937828773324526334321892
7929250312741837331511829643632683169694074912332726993582394725302853411901337696207186358524323117172520907433878952968176465
9486937364148093931718552300016332142708943190856638524388888569011747617956915519539025796115901484762122047712200094207683584
0703675740855407318047361595661595146837376373951978537785605481083388906490085533348547865459237835407372374738389274773789264
3524314516560200536698529022539598732463389124803873184044464663165630452635665559603483233341839268186056673186867104904449866
3388466377320953222057779182433549144340237502432464295061371141084500222833875925546082542869030852833895137466510262849050187
2359980877010447170873386178573828860442255448874794721230413368694441497441338856684036949118353204002591974711928301953002372
6372613557152801003023836434406997863096739346637849381675791163293956729985652182807911615231198696051411047800847064484769940
4555399892730282159333189930818248844009737851281434494736943722577947684829017806688345340403991974811107725657399196027995602
3976607710681047393460981746843991626375149576917517874980586155555711990727221948467045177979554215577477183785345135535682148
8981224019853812859833307577420310576654838103212699667682513798088777109119729024038590682109547975734687407898816774007038892
9017123764104410282402525387418186790830943654104676998756681754083664849203556615995024922746652778319099999725942494552746687
4602993085345245279681119328539229356959910969065035141679707233267342542524482900839390718291823532073464112692162110160887576
8646564120617234541914353449310981315044240998894442066188871011899825887695202156119273906958004776559173081177243291448706570
4866033151494706872899672197703352421058356661105030485577210664650513250767511742264039882291373723618030276740280451621184372
9438899492601727676139376045138079061355198567322008270344297244790265795845160675322685239683610065522225253070076549915962270
8389935622999431104891971065250599273560270041530059453015141663393829191008304620453278274234791447194116642959854046669653221
4390066870930359126190473237338490788280116222078414392005864878004044572924012489353108185972058375678318527434060575546457283
0571024164252835918003185534087097269093594036226831977994875139354124615791501602629221816855731144878875700135493432353006251
5927821910139360288795697248742701824779517711136895716699422565064551330393130338804982871980774254446227613970394730940420871
3742377272014443550088749485134437400845098911378170974616143540710504172620523980130687874417124218036934374655684373965565750
1478423915766121994159683752043056020433068572256778826939436280481378432842397489866548450027752963017529841096517341127140258
8566764493817154363962092792522076892737665735147823735202597353071978920287229637466345140359899735477359400126088124931881468
8940255760337363163978793913265843793885760290540433771518954295210648595347128727773745692808704267887587662204824695198843990
0899757006576147578169404543275069681042994730814241204020586377450354179962282687398746645565905502250948590090052580759060254
6486974981051360582508378437652320531515639324364424491392656403886587101611394285202791775180181840494403192370521504242888310
0832863857962097233772304981176182241414796661234070317886749751979535621508014316193777356696545211120669034308685700669047575
1601920560631092775469657814901382577801938745924198963515833985856042317888652481510158158143597978988591350058772254540887509
2132235148831014717469033542114409228818750252221985002159849994061876844567039235968616101425307518401162305005282076459564485
3749005491254116003221964938075605607977980187695543266859111481060871108661145469674590183816636520815523589998805144183387552
3454557776795930937812464849331806246436437524220402821725671887519345824588678830784061509096255092713692879753496348543679698
6604711892156464428503873379368266697844691398807542828869396127474509499861163107833096454590997165019449027223124752455672795
1464056065563451406292025100441586772081609300298880665395988771146415490692648836974652685280576941091682396423173897267646839
0355383165630525414486907132932207574564820206814521900700480593494653392345246480522618317569197186894847097184780188176595384
2234714652935409724403164799544553996270776652429105659472464101488105672623286713328942045106946821859926624587221567145826782
0309935578008890373154226142294034025862773115052182464935233315361839771441799453095926400038395389556682588458216003237653863
1061156071932484650516913321439215405043703716040614962270232640142284681169472791577978618224769535957766957086206741391709970
7647351716205014294072195135184469100518783539374945598848168573993875333505334011212625117442647232720744618603822330582078365
6190042304849971211815384939288709598033150233044255711655989057889996862762413082297341687788607689416591830790638752880761817
3350993967482666602170935703513835999165561197161777938477157925978429670778105685120890113130859239045083522459241247368307415
5460081669964922086720150722963115784946235169601550836667474277946931369187925788894576312382075479577915204545165252523196796
9483728931707116749644793319165741326903913011722074179317419072713429472369240811255731316334667969479890293999075667048649131
3479265891282260862086967904220845208360231245372151218473448305464967324382299780822943482467600298687513476936031155077963601
5358607166888753271639287331221882667306965170073890751994864930247242443182503197751744519602399141153643026523167858853130538
7454234112327473005509721991333469328638161495819890863131852055720398755713433050343878076412540696773945682790587599473898772
1829500286670935139918198012253669665196719074234685642111242009658467409729732638466770339415767564217863874440642300491597266
5585497029761221358413402963546931530898077983556347511671398790492531247609197801647309393017719703556474420667077635431137035
8446511749461154540070308470454488783535318141900958816289412388611370858697615498746416636102261400237788596935028958347787028
3125589335242227429164632721324285385335478344437654660712476162463759322956724441170491898597020350367163787012219584863841888
6802337989299969519242898184367047999251583706804577726542893830886334416591927545136810611568115854449708934129157129519681281
4502536799805954583144549032621959969753071050956941684132891200046324576389173182566153807220810192479638581311891427849367417
6325541021938064574977797529368876421571303611445571554655335842928934553745122110842178236045825160364424732178843094315127909
7416551206319999579172591987511489686313571898121634456963111089610744020435972487389528243640299599133169203384400119064268257
5942558924368052900576494867848083529988242331335385049200017447913990221665638834941940132033114280719741451021709322013495656
3034267296680277379429583962288582457402893052674209528241394670330734634693333770067544918231098413897817493181756172191761769
4462568735945386723562623780129364617626340957792264088426814103842409805756856047587770203362285297182877719759239486173167134
8181657858983878076788365457679611406051878073922935400724071002626732091440173091689286855430601190105542880854867957669944342
1682764258327911438109776589215105175058720345720016147450773913501679216877023673201387960875767306750352156509386560915532694
4168453046768399507263930483191895109159119018724369742162771101927944398681984030667327651300421681200981291741743361136642792
5961214949092908589726506803431211408890378633711553535211419472586275853572210445315467622414789208830684013971300686277675328
9269710543143964341467182430089608998710751826481978504336310277969086698368677287182389959721242273938854619109417313330166529
8486459999966843090378171773263091325696386996545517566407679424699279968298703891528397394384066258625248890398189881141241156
1449849546688513154852662654151484110306993368687380709636409815697889872688403677017676988174939843342948688833489247136945501
3026821425662283243215241228426396875362999466310497066906176240972976192127107346129568606866349374029240104708104443230866441
4888599832610923002904596161762304764008702325429097763470366526898011656507069583771589908698710318907474941536590688671464002
2187786798670885931014137550230451723811271617853032443909991254363190383287294838940424051082728434647528986018234698035977262
4010150476565439429491060857277549534561616385054516756344772776300804281913985317098584407945908254666687113999982299034911916
9543106789274635042741853569705907409683466986445551664737067041728196021666244823741197574167419992584104093228192902092720801
1102588771206288521669854794170734776396759389699841902844928003578465247527168100807066013305698109312645455547945036883046986
3363256734764708042924448420459037705906529627671525144633382899415555101340497992824046104327698365969273385304329013580634534
5814024400502542484138080303093675479908925878015957334513036393579080542663814740530799226052633254072603206379019404756963615
8568459878266889844587337958272179244147420281407959235700418194754222652142770182396574372220705526302797889629403089542338729
8226364273353855713782831639652716359809735693921459950536413341806490125092787610897542413754704628839004798504470781343226879
9564108089806303912196187245286576464060313163695650258929860024346682416259472890719900060340274063102211811727469052257146328
0723807096388817245239864356681843226170736144832701238842559718295427226555369395998370081796589238415142792914737246512392617
4241424816471283201248965000004171003042756134627995493041482479770591013182623840449510466593158465328399081296605282376713554
9973513220590332519460381924338347505856779256581376567327469745338170108702340101128824216183825500136464452346025348049667485
8383897971629124447860057453350337067099519586684049058435585462779736095630666963739484221218567448740285624710665297561214099
9964116268591382706460872763874878534297946361217165257274977145088020502651470013064060961213429959898581048432243027406481577
4824315082578790346775943088343852549806522479147355182415674805204204673847884219703487656256651056490611337757236524094938348
7062382447597254598729362880233858271292436951748099256624309342834053225940366427538355199347489811241328865453894894705029296
9735693411211619628088603452483215272175364970550497151583596541206523461527332458408984429879086514102509879665768932131692226
6961688387629152540756216546017259642317857065168508958573052496210655276891659756089714383999813015316305245290357709870563638
3863034723721495784723589237391107262786771026496285596990386769945707595340965195448259401890929565886615037974745228156868323
3287577904832967842610714371567414265151412481754216777139400930821306278453396427971928947503983582862250196984342590738386627
1791128295449101351282899590128118669109794265058849951756999066974826947872800232214872176234126177766951584517353226892319930
8805052099840613606036822579273082344123139982418321238213526119536401574939527633217151490658267375799590895845553195225375174
1355928510541796297379079857922955866076933929404227257481153317061720856509437585235189609477388103725696248255380889259925943
1402201875930840177564779603131963190398447445546273482826943610197406605496467698637182093544726028048446184407465904504733488
1834037129267281181848805100644706716446934703366578946950288560270548606368029542736413168537166947783032181537827321728818305
2399588088866368871684803227983829485917501647912319399696731866908470118289600881964063135888922021379521028829404789266368968
5637489977535077950426899162426475829892339881113388204978816994197921201698140466319573566765752657389499556451516488232245559
6112692169213605381302831305889438504096793315962284966459192757358537426473374519814657784899843476819443537896967951107338491
7895505461382759098793722523795396339534176000429147383719128841803883949006205025948100090981495836498310874463726230844486437
9522042614500829901321795525603265978871144309432521198633117362072879318547949126425751870262081563243482328537146079314556599
5093542621599279420676140514142072884094585996707002095359240117940447064308608734332029368110977503867431654445743620282821742
2074818355004815481495949283111185240895061522427508730372487670815127557063465146879286952537668866636765956480834805349247418
0982616183770170277896101663961256388046096956303414645662042291995673037815635718874781061367093483701372208717092453548930045
3197990341408426456860501773717322183556963874016603497159407408857792270849795326742052795163483613191779561704529979153717213
0442381165605136382176204027769856937910886725474913822447353042136166362618403395513606165988761350028767809916274534709139581
1546533500647539778292217072989397950692244341857345231008319214990106951110301762058019968223873956867021450221558460837271796
1089583682950702039719953402978240768135379617758154644301927987331573523265837746123630494418924793748993674977892210713791382
2010498095473532597719948269554932451554991652103201520706494302534512806373772862577948592827967992187111665796229241795272327
4495947525239030494005205359163320911969546009892986032715554824732415447400580445227801191434206229755544175085033640445463730
5799343664533857261737308836915890943267341995945607000250119768647338018370977116150224513412795224930773162810128318361091070
2845165641335198012087900200223115487995666447653144922411381435396653532150893427712002942030941647409112450887593516206623257
5995936189970345951128332927675055555031225056766626864377451946716279426300206796784320339236602175243416848009874418064376734
2751388225971927284674719275737386426623723915170272496656834116124167598744380632642578314683658323664087930294748983479134152
4463890675024338744201454760164930410895360686852249316115526602608580347281230566360947860956394767605509297995646286805155429
3902535272296902694906404269870261097232828009262961508419387381919670436136425912908116240583462930917866834873246313946702767
0171550221706917129701789274673785241823132172160837286626181116666263103300493781986590027327174868610919833041462749008446670
1233446436949798212579086729206735034953949556045481891487880919889748751337486349345808929953562851746791383784762700811827813
3273320169223863915019571833988285591541029709234409949795661766708317004888223115613777281294607726043777706813741640111212754
2476840221289778122524588163601454015024966289209119530584971298419043747426874336591254749329149388984462650479516131162264547
8321322112340265706034027413610131445579234122444443539849216325832257070066442940612976748450142222873158683339615189385385401
2845301295555610107931163495080379964949955895954082606347174241430747973616106979000794362756653542557197433894470866065773098
7002289110540946230118386265586199860767183813803128176222583812066464632835592487506968002253203796340562076570806978606547027
0518614265711371822209002835579969441398099868205035333550662371029236766960492501859441092496004547436756442048667962205035734
4662742623053069471722274771033535333247780680117662494001501801076484609461801093095512629224389725470873708072969419161134986
8879423231727024904174405990021786946862967043559824446453539979244586561718968470449066018656109597862462444251052806647222165
2462868109247823087920350263249330583062507248433983310105749602411182363633125913535849740456631462938827755069526554867046297
0556317986368239387236732047607114173950737209007825151623731055762898522619516377121452352573813859619423710420648830645140602
0693502619716624171936460417629499350461603844160041861287075322351538559343745415528939056080652464222483749575581089457335292
4766904028429523888256867990946783862212788485169555738269492360138212802976905819698072914952002888319407814152289904290372830
3063149485419553279766015944554584134585112055860455417890621924246024514671960271622075351843821409825893454426591239346175825
4138071925467858356596514010874840756148724225545969356853427243328235466057330927837715365449101436095007553412409485033663473
1718208277388066697955637942282188804022877425156297722332673824998500535568426990569492133060260476735245935911435663031104540
7259896781146483425619092546253937377799155709431757305830799439617510543866635784180461435471514956432054478723110546701399601
4212208190748800869765878332993087846354727233690197986460622890272309218632979045510485708917467310543076772888886969650697402
5830555875156620379814707898244277917838097196097913596741388644704517369937389656755811401456911697429799824431768975340394565
5218384019129708961023696421751573471619498755822698446106554346210228582416782419196987283985815988033363104751364948821321736
1511408675805990625863697514171112598891753956197059919478438005392395089087719396999097527167894172833319566356364163919692543
6760864061185222844062388472607262118669410742190580800609818458141651702885176634837319000673951554557807668749868767849900633
4624693982782044541974663953840367719217355838087352148000020445830027606519679992919499646684217452676557562945022247829061975
2885293059896283301736153794239325555898371313303885556968069349802848506212069388120502744705750493536808390340479824477084109
4742565846910523167821445663540712005957374896244507720218360942226085109738527921622092099772083368812073433747682045449511884
6164131243427554092783794384838205105688550227514505179310025715143470000166045228305059905780171994193190773288044579516190413
6196746209214286300600159852801523856096528659384736317041341206058064233216653841144231397934288134905891354902685060365011048
5888543435289034798476752259935453803961756168693460157400272434328483248778988626059542292033153708506682448981834226044225475
3520105979519175798851693163134966793094384503981145911295918784323346445102768597120762535638265452619900970085082259502423098
6023108133594199401032707688284772080067633191011227704160888217224741219472651134131857620995953537078628999627600457859691029
7135355737374006279317910328897677569526320656280275576870747086734764513800879537763010892690268998504415888806085447064856828
7067645951048993310751362481424429404370974532580270127897680271443323793244595619510531091473812713032955994538657114149409819
4429631547566328842887647552139562050329710358137821590185444827892759275367380722401524911377817064992340751082835810723755618
7949457580263990600187866192739809055130641391600646169338376355962933757309772135951086682561238922534649604316450790162767470
6778696718174528127426896010544648198065903564137512038147927254912585276060875391066341248912566730098691603844487954144583289
9567988530970013733492869819764508889770837509952069384446637448211216157716267753953316429209184585653933599673133926099458608
3413492966631743395005504952764856687552734825362970605800032693220033767913422924066513158712050177343306017113090503548595910
6782760373416377101401788671756172877579108677684185994928623883970442286211028728581037425407354811624955553337741266271223038
4228769569080076083693265874897262718489495320015615486943453828550003614854151710616339504422293141400194809493593482338761720
1275749976017493214306625272092330580872354604747422498275624636561377503079831465248194508227879655351358840776762816388383155
4044611547062276323077587550347056464054608166550263311750875441257836393920920323092209759398994038142599127607649577377981910
4521255521824521693676238300467676986666555950395922139641083951517880343036286546664953201729241686129223651162600610883998263
4053431348518058012397818472045875672812077824208246071436792077005700411785602017912645840401853632467140385402691379589989961
5296228207351306866595027867237475870719440724477597041700391443928732836085081541635185416372585087892465757549359102233343361
5753047891155830333399279611743974102446066339908340811693445790222472707295688908858729491663915472040238337620182908302697924
1508699849153464593476010736879669905272623521348097908417836104685217230447793112158735284635375208948973376371517941685224649
0333224377446486130711894052961084313686306998844675785828086842465862992758130724435712277355911443550657464532883107599718794
6835605634916383199967953082993703931572871914916373072477880100548805151438790628235173925034028725412169450381473208146789756
5647596797800233744008641095874820885871714922036190240494729749620603436690380840330661337877272707920476284213555812599419547
5513261332211064956118510684223202485323331553849116007081552356506786559518794150443263231676076605407451231256028775857402194
0513233346964413426058663133294017428893643801135629939987380889256710071523164000264715556002787400893978524476668487881682249
2238557041006601823583800792379249859430190860772025645499651325329407777431099926158122243379494002959281894688702064542524790
5329597914788889055993063859757359411515855405549076867209561054324585069797183524577493085961561532791013967475565456058906425
1727267651465421481105710991587303136944086691165624660300683125601416772368166283177444892976868345022274558919475820725390404
9723590243421203442884921434798664645968065479222983928276913077586527562214486087189922112591555037425227530771384194025142882
2491150360749458092334991769156796313818947278756674701926505201943095015129003490350920079450451251986198697962197375931585963
3288323311745586996701741630221983319300390047571862205264349777484027201608059718085154305903308263735198400749807369566973087
1513669962911297058622557295345513797998471626294474435337069062590410594233688469673875484253912558586263976338954760252676149
5698941909248281308488717883921117273305117757034931046904729563167368375307728972002962702645828488935279252804415118514787991
4226862654077359109954473957002792990601772994320272543965433892756039129932073592057677191275583708907760929447157089919000104
5013015202975115790118348806423060224599193301855272198220793587287609415484559416236588999749109103840932649489845113026318936
0096212754630289886604076288072412229982106747320501739034720205607227829189554712104511341545586461792092663001971581276075105
1400830012525551115910295470153382076377587383792342868236429581401216573706230071139732339253271088253819425521718399148426972
8130329129443141149308342972871751834898890054061408002066328617017958243761248655943163660366018684672224076482931610024551435
1612470444029502611969134698674683976299405806211129021898957209691274647456212891723004609478869086828079731180673443147282673
2207763612557030174078525394691981763423880246207823469307642881721011975478949627177448531469379452033830830547116487954748579
8943550014526152971159374128630625318393391528677655228099671641521821415999666028671716937719971706453115362098995997004338463
6633791090761145650463177053061879817237525424207069349153087084514135819202898699531517360951263097509259970351913296855368085
3253556229437227815840782322932038842610282009077575504105765620857277275220518640524545781112378703944765595787111117088536490
3612778048987899240807648365404713381232983899393777316948941796158037305227415310986733359795685540845368139757679718651388721
0329656082303032301035960655149116897998069813522388783445067885544697734848160954106786926689147778838221235161040983098545023
4949145925422482842946072091038603570358418034882170359973918018079551251028978485799644769497234033416966830413282850538365544
9688715528548523732988559882524759509039740049260246259447423254924760566724656561201075170029641287177630144231062011355479091
9326655743860681005816798142139776662356020296561383131825601205038606699757827396575776760705487871722516625005501108342115046
4862493770761711413231246894538240278199950440029797832691068222332648670966923316771267216815856555063431665762362373752681261
7759348913324715341816977430054410931106803880118579894939051307627827449748451051704548335839341424354678283555009009093334643
5035504534504599464259968803145065603468459325562475588547886212145426779673200191888479107787688352706387961887120658923163596
7064143605981003619608323632499268464142806140873807593464533126484595249138527994250140164063377300752448939069709418760740581
3405460804222472492156715297971710492718005664789725902179902462523655008185987881883912400930038752420707768027434069222517179
6201754337957471374021641947490208688904315801118730053700597398632018696041671232277781587402859428981324544384470959282694488
6581501955752939978682011949909110724289175482558070539947143137365139752819830357605189104362596510417675677952395485738392629
5415386438105335984223237131949793153812658394744575126207919072784736846230789712179591745207901814607314375532066326818332653
3916132472388884065768704630042622537625667251509691545801542090771247404318802955070620862627476301969800427094218570764969521
4673296443835065767694158631727161041961301871016507435883528289555722603890069782368970629525870136617529702747543702356107980
3969736866659860369283152300636814307559050510391015595957669034065148689817184431746719346979216411505522453887905503375134993
2033209673996359127998948182294581452192221728807476998740417776019537129643269360367751767407520936424856588589036363660084548
8920359577043563701436228560312778025314413146903691717334802285060730546542075837699964573276987471415144914980259764316759773
3627657012409360919929372833162804983136382545072275729679633045374976939117136265913209976809144657411039862524163682772934353
7062667690768603813766580397495981633020198031283191319322060508875443418955017187814158494951274114076243932640382433951906100
7089164714588749807180199878456232640504233132283953906601030144605887922753172274055475279148519962245834295034899100856266109
6314588522281633268271129575999011547246790816567972537919142521521537511380072338334215014034228037819143744053883142669885047
1533466041592069230562893355289214460798489775583299853132986367560533284715718053651634282346811547110422080041794519104713892
4512970626101824923414591998781160477443695022763348614143799819070327746195782058463430126505518264262282025424239196981682678
0616389983515682792619586855106396642118585620436668809283536133165065564894495800101984339481469054418070569566522216534870046
3480404934288007401354060197932800798509063792079011642804930003377191431422069063134440047889535881274567178940747418743011151
6923077833597121569133964233884887129884707102983051918568192593065049229148460460606709813558966649828440283419826988551789494
7928629618912970441223379654942167876674509009329326197500704752789973531185610595644942798244043453568923441723724834770288101
5686916225325175369639383018669733714398867749909229151589872339897763998251848983094518391124033198227341074940345064217565274
6976813108342658294069521014494920511978448452850030848500379855545152314960261910035283177013574685072898109220517966532820914
1235440485859974578507661524414185881273494203471328032423655298610228309217218895796957468358842309363210353318874365415441005
4775757215064448647761305923181381380005564211124254441169985896444461359377488533806177746993363765363744834471832298666899659
6549502546484198000053617666533373457701974326516846596770901748191355355442117405686714513545060992856554971022392931918431672
7550521620433789157641377352042796699563142807992890238677899811145361588800069593324309664156547033893582449253982866608790396
8335832703903786234598337454771069254394148676210696718885661839587950139009136903487221685179093872236368600881697661914186761
6081423646547430855633909798819189360248786532594620983774708429259122445948885539867620755942089483824811916664871291112367965
6763010129734054857751250818823088329080234337202140258490696882947562857997890963039131549439624749888135285626495741851799125
3823814359862336359300824370629334246257087407174522366323576913384874982113357872199582879993086251942490130349296563220714459
5201936494493880745125428463676510521663426683417020693977788479860674628237207703884747094987717754212968764024565059007572287
5656800692578264688131164439239627529022443380780216659445516384845610830241501827976377913518196568744298647947111534785980646
1465035810576162949068709350012676100595272189178329025511241633720229686245517256992739629981296918245960598907587127807526613
3498649092457065189914681277177637039326561250640746889454833842625621406771442705555721525931725554548176228818511280348712812
1526903631217370487596090586369687092431736602852047414002552907015226570166585529226164536775440508494117144839832365340311216
7172800070700446830268660237981558246985408200103623671258540515214258800554645764441093416997150958224932045592907480540349584
8145891984169127686107656905169532154735243264685794264058843466267191409417280492627793038318403119617408184518297221316412215
3733585102819835157576236492205872180664881259553134950516961350305063296415930019908542524245430548400901559537444244647471710
8919107817519795022023748231546623121376187758240479239499900553296636944913506176758776881811178925344276782657634277574411018
0087408240115194690559689367771085179492160150159772172117583670772068640711181227707347785373406551286722418977845204918371862
4087671496873156369239006050995430210075877655341012369255927938969111714405072240508066221092434986016434496634246773638497705
3997764933956408083465951727938645280914517402927065500370134817839436837421504452664821784855528363909858322652715776945384928
6358034140171396799781808478643680937510756584505346662094931360684566558016245219693809041873394197337373027746374913052226841
3523525169184690915788330052438367441556380178099903982632705234888141866441214930597392851790874812046196446764134474357280196
7912390044622498326943727559828557263667260605437809865126129166669886288145038860031004268429510310452514645934110806061259377
8350389661397820495902304825219183306686077590455378114318515252557794852940943308375379300282537760761994418165168215848774199
4335948571309322083199073879107610257555821153883090762370374143145191005083410872058977433580493717339726072170334542991808382
0741068478360850873822704930167309345230781173492590875420659162725013692793497218747184011101436665668426379299561926131540226
9684119382210299933488533355753954403421331470099036025961973755235128720357457186896140454721156015369426494838464841418224574
2606550410151415944627360045368428365343042196701567415760981599314167562524281114850783881875311867997694821988388783550617647
3906118902121264712371873625367711895188485445955724568729752600563482629569914020509331709891753567605376276818895453947988485
1946035303735634882855442231649687139100528774921727985325887697840697252312164193587116219630593036960739462878472488751794288
7553042934057050700594030020764349497635594011506182646429625749401961796662698874719407015328877341348471848266936805626731614
3965083773308342246671432838925759649742042738645731254867213711401607696364783002153346490446057228458139827872431818981641456
6290917282609648173484002432007182859707772380995362779354118181323028872604689080381882966273198128487451758287389558544864092
5135412345654409193398015818933242323380089276961210614666090376540312839620184116491698184580875294639581135409937430385452967
7814752714924949029739912516676992468879575093818117912716084850528773868618697654019734174399226706840162753982136880421595798
8344230549785765490790122830425599688553302815508985004520791080241214227127540251939234623642895839337504147995870998311297157
1312261536153577576475501063559792340822581967430971162124952202625290357772475691141555237352878643256411801046597748593662978
5420113078044378326245454890074054926337548530109656935414953837202844128511917486560998089330806876653700112974245139455110655
1446316293204894461498438056975498718142802987046646526458433588790266320884188848067627056955062757523352642280099730639892974
8768410207973700878297712434460869178087366365740643368423050061014329802628323539796504787700469737820946806556379851425348409
6903484946126406722104799612810275531016737884354336960835748710713062889887930835389522081146458095107803234373499389860789149
6113798456809198989364723468291582407592480139088852307707256783165897446795918270682937158869421622443360894104220836046672216
1297180429334742843324101908319081257574325368096788573404226330238491288173549545719251363488582787945804486932260991191153289
6310060489009039954463983763054135671085760401926391779699811819750329003225671390731075907159344886944959170333579705985011394
8928332308562582665591113793712076278529561597438667031252620919756801258278599576959931680328088876910755153375346545987026059
6122799394738485298698282219069449469308864175448069521079405422190290510333027132055402559422290946776150886848955390869348557
3298127120443406100122108547957183131539174057790900079286455780159808161628252012286085211125545510059619150351442374519647873
7895547723969636832110890595697353438517639756208042458909186966958825057542753856885651750056062715953653156961335641588198051
7242277604059435612451710438360700839539630420328128639238629662384680381167202360792624305492770524378775130253064094350170239
6328910744252096963453975544360333319092492567496656064841933375445672717827688660311871137666274201081402086421470543791139037
1263075806974163649200998435369614522606717804984408053096263479824896274273438278637073802016955266073407127338686266295417138
3380472791463934939167548524939273036820154830243043930199471181363843017057589926197441097934643398001941245455025305275718778
6053039097745341259474392045998222000183392630902077243215225896980913571132934688432219430448989534298905581203790323081204451
9398618592749592673582297312578194153271726432191886003886455601016177152460729663034185278967994135744387261240974218700552874
5660578626067455796320901716488860867842597868415619043285914590213707161427735661103212503097888685177044222466862770614738888
7523554669658437443860955048187147707950298396691077287510802686031319997279006079308577219459278947413769480723164988814047848
7728230896579900984081254526628677638403672817908586482917564357430378814260695955826428360637353362697491648099319657648279806
1471506063396451021205086178083016198973053283515072407397794280863574093292850961361893442271480652011908263493969049518154719
1271663389268841465526530211516124798508874084299647641127612963439336172485890973748223056840291177210000865573662838724859865
1558003045612329244947071838328209194658672648215862136590055290358556159847830215232765640226279624286079243381635121169856392
5235686772055013347630127336838697764880220575101940207293906989459723943700375632099865606791689918944793971999840022845627855
3362608893556970872086765317357229622168187942063554148251194799624231946317410456787560024770536041305554794440402555379048363
5400711312343982155393978124014413441498824140561950458826861214386401267011236483424009049988004220217832202185519723172983734
4739966966771226209909624912450025675969022747113454805529677743180928548967947375791545038561055048316262023987945828187738406
8806383430961455857801815047901978280522034447065757458634887588704123408758546678452281010485610787173222519794754395918755668
1313032694820263690081002684124072214508820793025272277314613304407858220279657882431787747545642867929558977205831435007980692
3821423807029286765485523471547535800355065560255771366935624333716101960889324812432465967939307158664437101875808531730514686
0552828401027435473969844207309352000803571913860014776373394805498998489404828887974801011916107676224063398083299850490285852
3252785594630414326772320135663653623232974740345887923006984684749440127689169558676316478796812920656203083787608388272541143
0886829100701462879464273672433682081314775699581471366939184918943997271841997863805609882688632845996559926289731733309941773
1588621110929737275611330049699746179538000510503020090443485760166202124848757232989323035029655555830280894064603577880623924
9460393092105077041540924186306320293949908924617136654677663794806814239207321566509608838781326729111423409256038330560254768
2457234134203393682333223194421969884096521962196051357781698196280191186003044231263105047089066125824374037625184294564841726
1139020355104202113948476242624526315291276395095210708873598278111336130644448701938653730158050834519082575031500159059606323
5508845274116902540996666349891489554638610844733883825695366107090243640688502082955261760220172087743405531646494097110373564
6139164128879727447485151113660365410811051772254913947601863445614936478465117644061091010800284725353254306320280311126282508
3691867968556520735423213939515627425003649240791159831598564334907098275550400308993911728901273767070664323401959466199812550
4385285527314360012494827503644449196670340936661875727271329351754418864846693134514944138823292825239723190822861243721969511
3358507325257641984977160116136111658256532073729689685425144586604492783647635836225848095839938544002404873700622644589011676
0802250613087293781581129847507424374630865942136402236774163044580066760450481644654868348223850714885941401523519942001370346
4033651642172702525694267019009943272304377112789600524789052835595443304754361088227651039992096267114223436584457492049115625
1008702122009370555007456522799161340685826326521804374437361823776598365128302875870953921955751574077453333491368066562183540
8297016982983877478208126579509560908805708870139177751490524014204560610778740303237644832086788493774257972604784310184677682
6595999611158451837934955382339066842486744152636969464066220937412139592293869816659174158028425151865523439443968468476337116
8189453034430471397425280708179774110697730501130625090567026833440338110187758034977661201862518966699911402128869207946665922
2967301009332385012982602845125958037212145265901920840751275900004234804254302792404413397360100212415586648851954797337031843
4621309795646253111797549932297844132545282162620476457572874699573469126157531277320612819758228011208417228396419529928921453
8015689409373876308149147646698419734053674168732622753328286778805854267784590171527922720365829353861437404497654095122385810
3928532819894452405285805315911246752486216644456327155370715615309647716023031992277092232949890587556921144870096925641170977
8706990895052933118940892301863446619427769704201470123344557113277628075518257745853511560735206426541219526593186205677069195
9323565048038756996967463636608859147371871703253988562924960678047445864387523330892542610569708364248757858563962167618047606
7400110024724615888960177029937719273668926142229826804752461957263527604940620456908940268767529855383328656980509173310228171
2961079316835291946492496420673777366632570317335815018560521820389694972648667220189874230520964455139599084822803458488491752
2053325276467463411017022059798270225751157375504499399426618848961341529109405849259510473132610506746820731096435354555540869
8022085653261752864363248353443911714595466837953116893617432029480864961559617145874891482509931363773686667586008577729590619
9511531059462330034969446429670396910393858411286019648142180898913734931062268324002479006487407711948954747504728441451817299
2402899664016344765585783952968436864461868976736500943447165022135283244224710415767003722013469693233516880183011359108783628
3912070384615994999455640965424049848090544713337811655011624123059617272139004908000480810430015004300019350285545631530421459
7040129421344930471792157420616841533490962354840490248534268666426427664847776443733801972606800005209711387678959754783758169
4514744752921544867887197341433819468485319076219844212297689345457872671062595496333380534044033301910072934964202067332750929
7744301249953061021059801665718252827169031698368805857673827901657376462120738712603816558346872095129968009454819539063410887
6694959951385441493938996005094705323326365638007625755937236084671116883434472854253964886004560210329640317017985931432992507
9830755088107356428137960573336610521897465624860840691251416368635190221352342520096074021567053917840102300469951496094532646
0386151915867137989482068036180096232759486104299898530934407665433761886348452364475713105652919177827149093478062390353337982
5026237611119968967543921268886408485214827943839163757065518470886816959612437396882015040264309844556286249899479340530273455
3790585606726228419436731177762295480034329918020969162076958086843994331135466429174339242003665276457867681590462499745066166
2010072822988771442333707800353630624045735130580706054631404185963369356383377732515576219388977808173711224814572042638811746
7799862036041836103498954213010085023304912197271099528776247085017591855736447939941510010043072233516636490128682332435837718
5444031310957599380550217779540801553000957068137470959947071825380695799288846148959315246034349773291226461068837384267657314
2720831922046271298345192916201975278989464655822747470522487119845175483171802764985807888092086888555468865508558747670561030
5037268239030155207644532217893862758398321608270496665238719184860604497280537678204406616537105359104541182047680859111844623
4406453518829809819978030558459040108565356220631255519247977687593573153889331324518157228436273334635625807524985686484922311
7999885151695902136577261421847256015439589971601084977870060297320803728853045230722764838994142711659330991658042253610623719
7149325976325848648664235796296763337498794913699316628172271388813068172391895353748736320858783488531575015143960860926515250
9988100123929774124197265328008141820710758495752123486181540545695574140507942678614702580850949656109084164982037643220132234
0375655311441060929515636645306301671876166021260474227545267428349070029167644989380583812184485451805574601129180998157634256
2128590561140195400524100610776393812855470570049174388092975612532917892277799041074366790055894057834557983976227857050864930
3547444389508771568810075527864526064121655767293193457033048336615284399475478737509966968763107403398079684015244980874035979
8519927849602061794266560801914694036469483013102023144973737181284943231700919734522079332185384045910178109811932848109276138
3567893790780435626536700059643971391023938979188277544418757492427060624484762199641583855650960393640504524655219454811384399
1735108417168233650163860054247929680595797171838825452321119827231787146560622246912322232224942016739093046379276365165998295
2756695873865903361436041234030623662053438358924238813701743016813195378135003338279782291211315013357508842537428877943825850
6550701509812921278785065189524058197762485207459987155095767921276575821627138362297358879947692406013849533700244092475658064
1746417294003960060064872265575781963057635907396407260460748957479942537372418296161245217676807862873866767635894044939661427
2752800199195253529712854754798642118106991591404644917342058968657791030752834046050164301961614256798982226629143783613672100
0156432932446788502003627727688728508740309980174215347673828299641766130526832968939502574943042109833631744090112189289099293
3949539215662926707735521667894130134427486982796357220482855624651559957655963754443694394481228836760254413314867991125537370
0833694740794893624914563726494064663925162779653035815936273173351045298468454290966312347207985664544908635066940292067018215
0068104260838913669470167249521001975928318786418160510709377212045134485178004263296128628173776672447600907854928188803969244
5213186606414124173974080816812650470078589656434215381413340547874523982782714789910645183938314140377172417321651847315127943
3831079213870153648590263375611549325132489817138611364392701108960231363751036773655982850004119077364131468986709426279928740
0816735516514168218608953096598217254388061619583961807831532937684267549690578384517226873045647249368898189499267589557763196
7614683199694761607567513771357320522896560891215582525317620218466204798420014498841517198000714225395529432437408592988810647
6493791813371800888731383040408467219612486147146096499615909931691397312978653723829961950808111958324158561777510444489457609
4673680562966535580522867179325650694242060572148395328716350087210015917993916484085808071728589768362522840828065262726854285
9484597285206848463033004828740831651691831183702931423669671299973340807479819361399029066256705512283915649297270684923293120
1714285317558703325551063623439102862882087552524008272992080310001454376923262343097189280399813634553559119888320098054640112
6878492562141548781762151287184309582512789444294394903670308453724775992147414690794148922865626436020007876554089383158780819
9151911784071444893456939300122542765400868095022473582458690303654492910301968711120089416900205538880607052645783814509878005
1882377638793327163743947324933816937365677683669086577608915703348630259888777501270806753764247220631643679580537815123548411
6272056421434812628524453496821198676269890972424881983781819205395093370536909259477553372703891212584194254740307122112225533
9681870026283102041075727337579428100736459914910652574617863758549452931286799490040297351890738617979595875678774646214173033
4185695124550535533485860637896723654154834853472854068710912474987668413470803105179616610921355620666097149488574561869489797
3333789216162396397679204330436931257560768258425513267401621836728579265694014546537584859527037491359360764924746663506919770
2081504393567373511045831331064517139188352171030907247345004840816407938277996907076471099879274974679268216987024065310558333
4237450865130692858281322184224268516039222037739605355087614033374925113958908332718451900205100215886486089988991485524969556
7929075290163499129098877300162688469599528046726233844196457006510599251899484746828484574667591829570772351512078305736672654
9048657921163013454470683806356852138380411128268107788272256300715016144618475970710912738205043728268553865691241054834233600
7029431095139361764456603528202380622931434502522594214209499225882330762428652317267948702623321489577844016464692915246359712
1105356646640216883904536505154508223476242075189032231521222657818953039915135319911079058876034135094530224254031516149971890
9040945596327638323723931073336767619159273652642403035784821558395849500879059623038153539774239738033911626241510146918039749
5283073188137753905883236902928531799079492225443087557262624838420087547899455213109577396225125545248301841891417389453351792
7168518951278682051937542342148124215459196543677153007216757499379420036959725544058917170458823956258437616459586004329579552
5203183504391078070063471026373757432195663011756522268894506479810617330340549685777010011742133881536309636471645529762659089
4854999787239813251707701121392165868052289429676407362096901868531485589830231940346048063593475645736706551014468995600111842
4955763538748975069385515923948951672972674499411759026560381765340448515748581186486358853253830173480680063909301824002408127
9640228631714593257928903905827590703526290377038235443447387587380382054598578561742893844220053769466029427853174638397427339
7206862882358947361070854137919196014699723353543071743024301192848154276186984110546320724917862537765542130378492262094573104
9132037902884622149627426018038745128067438979528182768862440252858820253995972446342211888009471423051493159698724414795710825
4044729478097558603438562691316366082632115863305337165834502683246949426265600257894877978230675496217762990369003197560692400
1914819988622085254720645203900712417397542695171367605811941681178792903669629925720096971822910923986744641852805301639652708
2489879698662595408916009150319958484334649360641536805110449468835050783501013718256899380316883895243102069697127104742796718
4988423693542042725154817443015091705766869067613353141088272355694386531680806067437655514967029170154529196712934789617792274
9999952996574987268331116423939940247569869095269736111023291772144901858552922926558494336795934151397996022792048113880115874
1453279672186008281192597269984891593458554070326190463606379023362133764652707672957322700161490484448540753367821464532839504
8011800610118047251507565848810514239096971840458570325653839372359200258329325658866372171001058138732560340444368314621028592
8193050742913890615185212677939019076499475354863399017606329114085259623153218920828787136128272822531407941969673998134066236
6165032662878134088891598296730315347615307351518186514382605872591152954913301540364688295560996800081490449469152762525841628
6574519924837827479315694440706135165231391744110344384147108151733208482344899812368417803491072197299164648305134049390042783
4020778253016163495293946067531529520938183648436344477015365877950549136205835548741134429268197026979922853216037833912140076
2560367110629307999607135522026567041549325633921424597293236948045008668100091755427842685667533245402093886980655601060106544
8546203408136109675436916166218885966337393842202215612854795887800951672240495314500504099192631873269330473780375743830861472
9788815056490265802740571039729926738317636325182129335295512619052159101153870121975439793577984106855088335077085584239297075
0607830196004382404188902942190311303589870612777737359147435465863424442529799140567063628056860095478745600686399779891523221
6451811221617351847394635729026502559474989696391694472537910902735717543356566711060840045900392940941333171363021277998101010
5131780001821762931334985227662541898093578808808129086254438607279239181340438600040947973426848418990057822839591824881359023
1781431927220093804299065870243095263893435123368341056371775420733487563878765425465471958566683414339834418118022714155686281
7855784526694976383147640552245153733193000678558101047345867400675345449097722230036412101539440443445801673442840764573276547
7277064664195765848534013590019916383557749169375559963951776576181466602296914352536749809247940247872302329782226925806468043
7192135649991318277247808266477765244997880386860464765070023950465490749600254005312168230797058556941811885358619067264540155
7745942254017380214048240376624237449522972214173349323588251697136718540827110673334670762835744617609275818957162829921297194
9308025524075793350930587214905796399488049433256186463627589329393236892726854692113712455277309297788479077266643487682416715
0884436213404481146144542589017779230742715119840784000653264872459751590076369675379177572780987987657953814990135600852985178
3730124530298931373240431341115710398974380360265132276809345755075936226833617497570877144367390338090832665519341170114016004
4487614165841966483390809601332500844989818602599615930254525814591372642009685306021109318297597415196166334778397096512192919
9738135052767202788355804851260065753666213740432424577877433994081030576175406007197406894692674226624886870624390536370450115
4972079333970854412711805268652812255100648740561624233549801666164086630826247751458218621070591048081789263645429911196722042
6264477153602121971771346665126521727114186506364463613567938860398188315590497953212091430368302124372365408850328299694402187
7096923163132078408222622634338258654575603652287595704602066710353019363339205986259588116309830845020074124235604674290929803
8620319232582906151287500817533307221837336344013921731345438451489042597967502976685688377786979657248449082964352894633940456
2338290774645460787964275902190755185934483199622353782037807590665967507775691698706742149485822727584225845398159573488959138
9690411512559467787285374715845943612220011261976368220307963458032917206195128934924351124238497339947198608551639030163894645
2522942273087160899325601687017261599086953489151039944965907240532011926664847298253352884442034273091440472287878013270485552
1149024375555901235741559582840384810679491209306220816791833779666244374445454015124428345163452944670223052356961455086641846
4911582198911887147216938492382715818668300238279079306283822841054803949022104243393368739761683072273825914099989412306146198
9386705286204083264591504191247314048641049210231970001783669995174466309042384199881382505454205575494098905658585266777083412
6597181522016787958122306510209743227930379650431716531860926286813430719462209935654406493573792531684209677728726902971780496
7454713877871827759953186012939103462107245349313356776395316754209733644734837949073664445059496108161795213098031298387675255
8608951097824554197185243937211248657800767047324365682759725200979621123783045604563185385990004228189141941283634284151650878
5110742662179788336448957887870922104701629467080657819437644833165127617594897707891497065965495615130086622172410875337801320
2393400609667414757827986008711153834467770780863121443973568354701559598965757992398836770293536284505657099974035105460765424
5696578078800033701889220099620389665546740070731873354278406253021517777757298261519059116566359233204858968015644380662525991
0719487243613892918578289524307174160805716406329931625803050285847534463223682481335815436403441752588538391995273084423051287
6507583132575286651290896026205391515246827860101127710478694329951379556419208073957900692792049817183622267407642643093594278
1377392380718866307096826670910831948575020464783957275980748872622490677834200043136176315679139636646826582155786548373039619
6270395893591295820132189201839068186418319333704429754904087462921395570639063307809781688462251183623162844581418406608429879
5043135604579355727135840436265306254474995931628655768285052525690960177800386175175072542969753822246288489006113161219380471
2468870042718971405890990067722938578347935929978019468025646064389136067817188723296206441343678326386730657242344326326352583
4850753963828793552300794217123706294629474328454245842829452531896699931041364932772984481884556840376569123447688057207356583
7057042541510451935323810217032483925746383540989928451101483213770975125680075200108338616874937924879361446516778250185550748
0832810498555353548220097752070786325088219810053096162098021215047558250904896030368053916311890910240442204298949146112466005
6040761853883330139655359121858985041009457655416978338162675746762113717003221699855200571002086517873586911211646864010901906
7256461701161490507120388412005575681572262509069280090655692691681966297281536854053796037221572903258227405845942489932658062
8784119159896217889610742272823513831023300901198251714365380671379756902059751391678189474782942687418296669663414454093527211
1713004342725426977027637006978967397759795215758374886596544583647960566243025979142738914314172995528789806147213520151545065
6148932160477331319836946915602714548850688076504811022908366977684207197869071392739615383347277286078886115107459496844571114
2443445647690017845788068401719782165485185661849045242867722200580611203950026796072201135775981201642969396670605705878495845
1294371619212953132417647548708472622197636506856370676160451382994700324005284453279834375908065277166478082791508699598722770
0053575986014268796134989286247216849523870686352637864684792640382519878279886269694672196689841813884729761559800125789968281
4079017492141445585825743793710894771763718871198578437956220555470157513268225528361787107561094227364687598864249537846090985
3335615421853085612471428388452383268898317706526014807014690533942186796242785098624189594771605450015209158202436565395838528
6313851017796457232684831975868577197008285743175695149676285515896251363246115689779921987378115615609824156064808941150859547
2765806218554516717364886537785391971358807028025829434420213828068755277959823238847926003687327479957197440099922200245318093
0743837871847609090197592779267491068691643664874076633968061486254606691482824855693172784961663018432092989740850414577990750
6025684120312451259686658587433694029989987324349789159690905104220972232002229613273265979326232104213906084669828970966380427
6946689887211552778830098495751925653354785324514999092963991842666284889259310987400348941690948665027526678850288865496058905
6762732711489921976841952967909655635081188142889946182277259409310226741889437458160117435942945024450654816897944448992096154
5422044978529069360644478126257492572807446085424868838210351520631277115650603746786970481265582987466949165123354295111201812
4211276624640084315612918421177060204230299421803486633824592006573340606615889580523464227765304350439006450951838160825473751
1889210243603037535646067281045805960008570285172891727145769267831573879630019508324069996866828486890146852983707941528252170
6433944896458400005722683036542919674416232401927258992043251760109983309622060221449241884161395267285324969554809613236559401
5926828496890530602862162152396620975722541268836002211191264684743325984168877494942640619948750726132999624105124012640906283
8437529190279374121273890161340277025282882572337700420322280964590810755716568643364840307879983400203857287989101011632690781
5802276041061620122710926329386353739806320420710281218622737558209391349689462899753335081329268758815057487656715890733084223
8915069186666442083922633115688459542249351209368361689010535548757066038294153139851377020698884275592572198938097053313533421
3618393873597153740469607428584632822338908997205070091595456519416863149036488990139674096344263132753025929808588767591996177
8414765535715090848046152050822658084473018911692025473276058620384118863100457752482347145023516317250246454398495927754913591
4409298010504839698734131748484717641239465901635152376312170896985346043211365815426588368753012122770591860188057761705660735
5937603186684235090583457539320837412342393238618817530913846014346149555309319385019839106489932216877734882102311404478731716
7896182092904946306296521788524236999972318921384942071102716941043024956484573567729385887708261561271188936395359650621440543
9381772394748371157597820184835066654518409316544350915121960781236322808659004922335381181699829103134517372303100027463245782
2615260350961768130102419692323579521155005867350775325462551282112894826272075572040191002407099324856614539494210810480930402
1838597774381264536500359028476517592435681239463143604712064430411599943084702827260512914320943321785685269655653280527187527
6303497221483801786682166005068915785511014637493079986822276972242808097676862236960849777047832121671397043713182928176830651
4198254431094795957177601291882860974299955452519675630067202852553365287181631847719984611318356336562220811004590160639271651
2089050062014249099555113392986787327862396528284354504971691665000330719435672605372528268724943691397193582081997337212460855
8717657741330116057938366732697730717547522872552360477855457981234742653137379848417305649320084599648948083741462795882532206
9986804236567371664160082803763334644507241277854017370156980387812678877717978239570818728942909512587707736901227099845780710
1187012467446764171881903676699687486363209718049359334271085642494010609014855350532206473984262423560106107436149534409159662
2848539362765385732985316450544140366071147981646641820740677994697597799634870260463776941968992688323272637389950097251845343
2181340059702615616436136969810778034448257219485660110664564303142589278244498041564775661983269433643752893242421364842071587
6511475958145031560867412663572535560224504744829799500512261131519166232318015397419472829178929843115481631831351152969869230
5907563295429072630722334129008428981723806690819380400545768764609783317272102244876794754684900328466037092277858030276039049
6371121545042724094475375695524854871280733127714683231595927748253222937280791764025222016369882957071507439090065827190758754
1326490274618829941454831367643360383905788459550667904893538378442057279259437234426288871318674319032806392619399812416955409
2775275011488829091588325070565060813564196841900611728756018532857865700574781000487644896468359788252916194701281784442869238
5475404321259151425741175250657761031096608313986258427026901467928877964154516924617882931075782136380173762818340243425882456
8098506275539721604499982773326806644420333816118778369209316210417120818431663778002427348509174034183157653013145092651819004
3184928471078890543345386093573923680647427432807794321314997911033358058808825224490515008557540951525337845495688169454435522
2663993815050031607786993170355950506772886776860845172901406916363156294602197804936561148186445731375733299997098917913770308
9652206542382536216286608096098963262843138133196068261154952924480494400928138047212132673039123404498669742532274932056703877
0803886057269071094490544437295692503919136095718722047240291609927251689451657849380414877514143018375735518559305335464120670
0151936480170888759767939879997438315844081206201757776198680712499035405650084830184555439755477818487911581690050566831394218
6229367230673286153903588882341483871782570684557378319370079577894075314574849976163949953230620503498800993353619885098682722
0775734990307483598683533921005381003594918538823910337693583925400749988570440308274068133400598419503446320537735625031687287
2279164484478563946971740937436182665660391281989609876479617857522997660917074445342075564734477309946731477007826609533166522
3758123683039815493345731508244661356741376276550143129350958441510802897891765417564525850067802663207435432004216770694226804
5619370786333060777254420771287566622455383721762137194440628363338996839313233289419808657699323597544032060605130001017679348
1117350732097568268814555936831091979923626150476679569711035279777989299558634893220687598099570940599334574372587146302188862
7465078440908857228369280211059007709404158916443923372217270156208307015594931088483508995735817533317081734115339967063512432
0277551433478001259984748926007853394677528181409165584238991766092184666080139589261333280556946872045412337141801061054086949
0700754560549557192840941960533883683916477333049889110496053434388836650044089728945956844381845980096615663986249384912038818
1729833498846421646108320742580046475400334773592611265395391377127688594599285540845684396076777993728243626683212706942573378
4323511472129830807288869567946309250674678068275114664508496611904796208234885435751853338278854135085398181237686024172180393
1312943548505486065871582599174831836548648084308970713256187466678464307897110260321658188877464727357499093515658589884692245
7139584610276191442567513021000360376560327542398104492743671139951823728316211591532169872633220764756742780779371664542606277
8013300125828426771757381146217871760111879193645766888697436656318066675243280906292568248974540959337990973627561398675008197
5419373124232954726590126551016645137142696380830673731392642951542537238565961064580394978042654467730915963421765890733361548
8922925533382884854249653772799918390864697404746308525228860651400300505857310156341812355891928439789989969029099008533806665
0128219411137135309941467559688405403979836275303036131774092714874831957845954239946311223981403764141665925425006138193699503
4023035360745761142363755560440975222622652382698883967356728120684964102122995320575139970015373461400690787473496703365503109
2193654449177213661881030975620088565679413977376323484863510871705861613106991010472484286534395967108522932664799263272973605
1651932770511765948726250021128129739307128956256839990590743197977037091662728274789578774568077274689428101918180304889077378
5017924617218629587957879829522315523692604428645809008208520226544692314383658761425382226132125228054011492055441635314272210
6749666157481037578188762106676697225815856020636806090419991079970372071289788209874954711658011019178097283297120172931963024
3867624578607959056494862536265389313506274108084087969185322137028561490827818437756426384470803080867883480797295503488443754
0266755732085811371635896735784706558323514361613693558482118358007540674486152236347627273339110326422500120960164943514979392
5851591583094022546650594344855608619956936942520965617453776819147723734709318492888126759979035908706037791854416714517089588
7488779820804386679237327683610073367094612676999550051056279635818725821831859618176236859057491859294403215135785905001415728
3397867405536078184923760377846341551636533657104459673180071634565287960125731400588939475716477977856211995657191117602660471
6368419292461966253403926350187375212915416793685707098775001247308325202429711397391995493844090131420300451991006099818565158
3171884061798508018743336874067220372374917564318502076615548912819919624484325005878069566693150527749974672352053137075239471
6765298415501192506923578604075674679460732604669110708523132941578157177568853063216936080050749029655642031375231708316371762
3941656184595817536876952668926168956461631341364895778129612449325569155094729678326528659230305783051788455638170048468709384
9344704062107618220092102502671070488066523904860951808964071896990152691743696929206393427492236495869384495623953241985933433
2329954473357680885309244441022618801570174231106127708621760839070677029891079166854592191885991850284207932518637882898896696
2253197905988134418498970803242763736997197997987724202146481273276883471048373064146605033007993208986500108914474101742235859
4471673346443282932636516218151183887721959139730007987788845685281052854907139082610271978365656275535187015151917676999391516
1490454357895502187362105850833658593130025904397280081248261243837433753996643256759896119495710470799362993945917928340275859
4187480193910225053682324326478852139878506761849860931936128187212907303727615513834095500089467988300420504891523377586019041
2552835341088538861109696869815032626256269959324139802181242249722241877212898021098564840649196902417063584333206994390607317
1538928060054617317449920025668989345408124114562616395808759769278572186743963855933221653177548947045222630757626854233433755
5185848360760696218717214816135397052477034052026614446970415328439572221368707488898468973353428786860987024947961924953899839
2985590716831731870038599668250152561736463733069492744631154471689685148003517537536069537952391933185169671069870236035572482
0858819385615354860719000425698572982937868475649379251912477519089804489107469755432874178918458772943168929318750385686530082
4333886362870957848081259613648289163828064171655224322239708870842553708643760011978783227657321411272976905508646641961780912
2833169683733846355069467452629978104797868384861004576520122658047677739451418977045812632716306848990938028931383957425588061
6045777379942977654526927417023844498064089452756699867598470436037381168815462649457696613017471951809000988548875034178737874
9160331824383077463591927113486291567227954453778702317129507491730495740733772073822607464672707613182092741352901404225499494
2171629178354382148962537134449119312001738349076684871759101972177169632459401670960405086152157843086489006781537667287047896
5465718260392150704046827088996611582230320415786650066647900151553492798388495126103785840394545507668150495076747239741124643
1419544523318047856148530079232229449051190304992694484547233964026124081035121194889038106213961089629592355710172833338936041
5735074574334557161220421706612819925561806730824425800383474349667304718298810588448596848386045836391940535442755152772209476
4477743831927353467775816826229193246462805293097367869721250682503407993182691455177890744118461259199550137591872314970843570
9614009267031215091375702771630372739884751484563943485109876681877458872527820916316860531787616767154557713108421464243252888
5725244451595751926785755645396186934606833650722629688279447836080615920686865486122499155337740847620671316549690747377719416
9886724243384291436035548475563689452903302006875551792856774087989888845839795026561561511158603968657727537570783565987096483
4338269257625836943750609173139824275314999458619895874921046346622761766613817248643045610302260828228899586867769128173831852
1927251435241586742325643335703829021262110618516121300640702167056777723519853174450793473043913595814696522118527504244796457
3599578411448167894106533981801012494310659214850381649569414007781396645447499689729938374104814729448345077680781325687345087
6129529633831819171439689515282408943585760656344118595138870514119273973014358876594274788901442968142994742135926265337385656
2522744449484255252321589542733596606602045925005526885282459116039248444399754430448309551058351839870771919853241700908753171
8095397674156020153025647112643503525783203561945051043117484225509753196255050991995918313572389826508756030729780202503607157
0514732746209410237098921106270758705122238404358107693018072790601247661147289735400790334022315641411924147791473123654604067
2183481353624169330708810250088442996270202852800382852132922090252387617856118236197486397057001588957700864557493511482566082
0159554686938426672550427425422201760923684567404107605954807954862252513544057244716697622930133085009155635119267747535809775
1603870374074406842079458547774759610733574985005768921583657069449807861035511349884403260777475545081121567326386609338253275
2866478551802452645398860404273568244013340206033503958336009745540839717584645607628126532817660071722429335530485083943886111
4372806755879104949087031501622642625790498233747556727536449464577828956704936323795941826197457122033168971930280473743209480
3510521745467987614604622504324811929598409501462197588604391588467606320835512728358214802216357643065451820237801293132895101
8869176817884529359989957422435201680723727230870849702923220814297956988224073755455624237386035731957272496882413670632312027
4987041709615070926110617696999725204352784063869478762637421619822949085893727644701242995534552198616152209092394050930669848
7400973738218421741284556096408600962957422728138542260382229658265717929340410249216494966480842797114656043729408022372140555
5357622280419421430680077268491817179160449030679507850055675685514803114136633487732178706581280425610186327901499849008080553
2063614935667238312237638365326101007587181929899519898020565403780654677915752203035463564958973934599571280127628650025231204
7510339610097271890758575355760181313472729121504677949019841665976993380277166759244310422659174282752504901557558455360101043
6704624590746564335785852066839780043541376118703961641315331313655337920280405840841448353766789935381787637277026193365826955
5718584531080420228299782199614112550723022759714938401551695221278973774269123526563402857239118115571007974128747966574892058
7406616537246908705363274038771943716880888382315653131428051669734785136535017075892856676521312977758275400592055721561155447
8191030503034523458658590430731690106155340044400945735308786298326190302983231623869556707507267012762969572969229893222326020
2781627756283482808592633115010135954787388098836449433663074354764942592857302479394320001436105974173300167981736974256889069
0749889909665269146510382674032370824445149525831032970035921874308716508078712017288693000420564774687445800320014347768102977
9500582955080504298493442003839451470653349230762999448413032412395803444854529134420395637374428892260393652466859653474793248
5578683404816116099839255848388989533623282136956100112356341602163894219640627502458957004434668830525937659394378712613593339
1328818081682559186294868249152029912791110338139114004470380993085670292745974492137182403037306610656137695392960137614180452
9752978688889728250401766859342517990190156836045937377483717028864519242478723992053825465496992411244434140736698055778811865
5764034558119091657996034001136138512460220698471156208113839665880299241195462026376651406117658603193270831455055313097779290
8887190533917978952783942478895262358255953083684956216049958401478271139454139129915935858174062762845986202401574727546757519
9965112384492455902741039666831644918325589401840520355227650968749201419553213336728867559952057316374095495633674649247673155
6547477349678905420240149432846633096396537735337479158019850832661246628844505249719392841713290257003652108726047676880419068
4709595063724483081528398865202332209399887790016225322294096330311019868576291990108551198704968033034014495019187100300731545
3677983555491782274707240632393630038558613476413675438434221141668472183743225033730344641440692723378405837243484642959062746
5604991163272359834040422515862505640037839519050818603112192411600677144216422234215431187611787844494127075718764452791848799
4854476179924301594123281798645361490338402536310431288082224776520403651635476604940174850365038818289755315902382966023203577
0810744335357702561567797304986145218660883831691187353402861163846458499952189536879044115452318681728624510324860015033788398
3979771283995380891938289539381044182171976827997056764348788204187193621090041996206584024348644400402675325221299998818648561
8560553235856018013965529605400965645682933039991913219712272084018424710938107420465401522172404020985846364794336906931979136
4463662321945447989909156167276620401617659159053053338198477063314745749076987397606793494767276193523264007206178167936213596
6945045570777520341473278974105523918485559285787445842507870137014286454851350178004328369233461521852484045058748849569462881
7175394733133381132769602280613000317015438488548919976504824538838731947546613872200764083627777984989422833194236427886436510
6841401583932488101726607361270514543381198032082148492961394207816779730163687527133913837138426969504533356370971942113680465
7438297763442758000905394998453798098283316097089007654200747461809281986645383560583766595972712154827834692097585224878349332
9365726487547590990433290508632050107564671461069290060500347861396555664994103630437491491318643117772003180597703910105848664
6611643426610581687045714856705413399193072506247927181637882082436528718891021527134176567154185837899481317325358321239700678
1557904502034099580005949862058754523860889792700842593217321816597173581797908357156234792521428404814333336278006477527454771
5551300020237036342120897324580866490216118116991149735001002790662102209629270626643498774459628186650438561401066616780089887
6490963755355736580386978526346909059361347064280111211229508805478817906115930155049278075845715671257641653870466615953910939
5214778972551839841667874021257601195235129654518890488743898996335333591775608284908553206841411120044347642321931257964395096
5963500480745033263837415489981452116756935833729630104233601643805643301868453891208377454731826714298746739883158478178624208
8078825488224820778954240186836158374373671746556003072588357835036884385547573916766540198508057742745190671930027702184464479
7807519854130748159210155879811678899722270728200599689770154189194726372412310007746266228667023082290285051427818296004435318
8849779730758648974379073101178990211676693852201291929217145528640734853429497077571161674011066495817276757324157483849716817
3827352998411927949530005101476246283441759897176637008058185334546170312583858564041585383266413483217734023667361663656510262
4989459887640993845875939547459055523785574975836774839383442442772727790780196274204446558595371067248953971633261788681833422
1430260652446882399259326117845029992780579944482914613560754920430392419419801174119306529200876322246749783122971752437529985
1073402550916699040362018956704245437401832452382196705545206547444352132288265525961915924743830388330363555452775455714221746
1446616034452999060536906307198084433181209978784238878045014349105221877679941993115397416711191417693894301857690745032510836
2955390019036983033546377278387952218996955027373523655965784118029086980123579985775681000785897246210289721704232358897262443
1116899333926038276430989136011993311064835969966384464160468735201645112827713375177166600414004561963808951457633980244174631
3365167597668328545027411315066184915713562624842225290359331084124729347322094220584503855828183282959730835678676639554531692
3703132630286521554741077336255711977522731641435705473997030102644612053700886241315456330580773390018414386585814426113751822
9217494111509421272989272558690493322060649433443466464859990829891612802636240902558280843106767641519024486333577210250455758
1991150751561946927232491146002439007601543254992434751580119323409611022604175456900099304707614992483865118197257172247468485
4718289269042762658615396540607439436267108037664826892947523927247548349191063673761417193077849996352799507438421286155035753
3670003174685490297784963434080516316824119943018705327982929605778412196093833118187456471893403114829335230172542023511761918
3530299462397538994353624879221057016014513591355266971800473995195599575301873296387357918288523036075230002667564181209941862
5652465756063919538830640228613516853681348031923008502389424015416629283480087157633179737963541694567718976270634283296698772
0628398273786061322495772855081114777882254155541640367813109541283460927308493462443462004237680494256941289350455650052190389
6530923425528750248516830645859529161548508001636146477492907827739674571658452569696309864671893300056851989854105052764500328
6377838408857911124605696723808145124469491655188029699697020610066790779133275460162800601521823852930699312176096876169139587
0939964825101402137367079294180090650010316165686145129739428563266232844352675969324123159076365905057635263730951535508592474
1811804823447992196520518580949056544426238843325335935996032408627339563545875884333166832898448807558706376176980463476019811
1853671195949445539340843650229575714750539986544526174232405759132358558190475375028485355385394868549681406717987759935904458
0905656451763972780540932190579104438556329939472118207647554428546869843074735432587357981463196272333295652269129883611649971
8081235587163561191593283995607470950948702816215035438010567011848029435878836700192088876498542980088266248768136664360732349
9048395346539903256416069243232533610069691095414640231288922049229368354092313481960519237230458713935632653201847905841902926
3586899375981532151071970206889742452371614510846757239619094223086588901204291404135214382914427118575565088049023826713070734
2259183814776114935570816268571424671175423119794189492522671432476564901966405647187984087627618260356094922535155595764746633
8775939779211866982932257974707044029673787248018990390269181484731175023868082868637570701885688930003111950730117366747034776
7292037040878433775921745075599110933471784681597260046655966261287697859339714368407310137037826533774841074326027111292219013
0255740507228750627788675142293353045696200562639503837065555027761345191438643278181859657112500994447007605647817675710357329
2976075331061106900800437561657304517961915727589721564040507512613786451696450429048216474153539650176719572123959448008900012
3408433706045747990792868143612079234278596536479367304972783738238238625919742682436942402201332632706821698633101418726786131
8375660756604324838036937822438189146692980841058943655646096987446498055875487503182581651007976496878268593478897138465125407
0302161625788138941756180586844882835162635784547013096553214201480525116709804815394793585124634598219195269074280104207728072
4667838900407600665351205946634451166183916253892825653381319301710998507256107777186848085957403008238368100522944303632213848
0568234978451633682200113830676859774853569376506354250671989943595147694543341125278943952146653132296950198184251693558754266
0837997184654618266464229835853893240382511414642926848175904359357425914225875122515607126936089890130506925127703951001817058
7698607971927804322206607636649779969047920064098738740542516881736563449825854806194526365935192809082449412467250570813092077
7597321887811111154968364298503454292989382990719881362442172931187037500402048057328677657705369081382090672410230632333022578
5702691344767100466202486216169170905325756285673048601355109036801723677816257513289352210067825399512675664902709627155754391
9534899164623786842509061739505443727104012615679366121874758009252764781464695793453679090140639672566086270483355150124722338
3629599380125790239429932208245186801604452556987851483665390481177058173633973798236252529147955843797090679456499291551397899
1654839141753372209578242837530384383897899016697607163271741042796206564645006293555562819243718356635356102675076651792712069
0330578183767799422174048823749345411130436371482070584047136107077445803065143356378310883097325525812461948426463818958359831
0535837083229949247061916351323305805073161284351843348700635104127671026579915150619625693973299904452300157134992421628495782
9135533592025422741289488252334208635046166354163256661447685205945401888767478319569656787569357811074256962118550453119004362
9301751134736346294356523345255306657038167822211402293117443464784840025659169376501953957672727051530179579688902595680131766
2105969846665539329882900056874716520798786759023512793122449365556804018453805656203040461898429839786920406056455733868681013
8994359707951012841246179634189829024194191300675090705148350390247850109295388787831386650321294752877084504137894482370739618
9241947230769626839032573755018849701961689378840022528468670515360403514925600595045782712624516468191893178057825723173315417
0398704518600034083166938112120280977963993296425790225059839016038745051472686938943167918298644018861694001602670324180907739
2829253174521666979009820015551029220993105373115142695444414232286946938928961493390386858301002697320226848958500348592987936
4933376341875898717948810316592654389756790528913140902980810511129982071300880573916140408222881362220907631175682400695211957
2728405831786952505365442116971677026094675638127255014104635321119617454191227198408175192550442007477181962648595382032863011
3335513609023390087365324523236604049358730860336918649941016742564809500323096143070248679219333226141951672644858949079743290
2564143013685722767288600853878709769356311565059463598251742499173323941411533573854915762183775988798690410191696639340413240
0493448733483595346076056156947860868081377709049727106924154044343435604871736849228001533150906569243527614792377672885378205
5757247991130415486385859064419869200094851432494013487858837812428585929428086640566084149796652609672519627454844564932256297
4669558478660881121021903646645372020041434507907448258764267056511994202274610206718051374682457426295364768694292186976277202
1564360996091464350826834839280932166253903015206256531264131271209638480781609315412345487344374301996139188255108960560840234
9176534815648639973257109408451729832095062649822000160147163265683826755303899059727567592934572490764864402347275743547218198
1866055495605517210298107031806201932208987305284317169767415130763125409722583393741250961695800822861253047933789380082578910
7563809612558319699283127796207634523042191451596228205984495682290513031662522019531400901314878626864267750108819514332947951
6013217317646435086018804719571761416592333129643806900438788455325630320446510012694647580590342912656641492584092556696246675
0844610636935384963725961540456988648961187114742364338486232200258126457044861826644153851981432318719173242496404738484829592
3080829363782082227074488901159023270312983944302028828324523976099006110195688729810726298266450333348633619065288392022236229
8005690472921247866581261895577036104640057531331680489329654614207889686295106419176764455962025382611644995861348654828098933
8502321967575148172006469677676125932579572402208147927471694132908710196626265784804209764246638587086749717612279459712731943
8253507041283227562754413288994720899007749153170225893148651683553291625294974124954074490050789574119491844797138467527966227
0130509196073119104402816135401821552059355465255575401457469499625193746950815086568670490180348072693785487568778765124602003
0665248124119376664057125582265850335568981888916788294854156077917276025925880496268355143677289608433935345978812154208855268
8995137970182597573167629723687168196388018417038021858197249313810312106750976993518701591284371821222304917627037046364482239
3380163047424234535936046961259910243886634603953810906816744443879125914109276466757734603864050055610106148478096732039481501
0050863632424997195774488430947153709833716798293363139764056905080948883372556055175360309201107604690863026027029304809129018
3159045522676282622055741762907017038764983291766901157880220174438440331565498671114637842462602216932285417970008975756029800
3552237063449291059014349162828946704972597219745549772402644156576458713144836954411568696563098211658803621586740322438123527
8553792749167921622407818214329886287689794104816641507269131593430918574387850051670847355476478466155909359159406347347073422
4529077230987714405406119382703861571668341576429308147647968381984164008665288474312273798880569173169482210427510225857144151
6873466267196323702969428729542596817149488353193513581368049814798979078196465830515246880993440065883452528995023407220294628
3423764900702625807926494346022071251875105005653050523263476206366063134157656968651581937910705560688575444683225925304492434
2952113637739291573792177591055762311484591345740602655920022962868733639951191003783483933798477891209504511076833970415208477
5918285063915228730571970492875778946493408022023485280196322884176264848374770469091671934052402742006902024842930375953314997
0188283754328437589051211543538670804314085522712102214064193375644277314824255259794129098802312806481056628400349306174297818
7400374465412082001463306963438819366261869661341067811137716763449961651069723995940239925017934226230532596999220744932707685
6210672490680638537370704393760193333970297977253365672997212980801329671424210333810500664050546692669173806880821364438329547
0441850655848799432631375117017035628999017015487913470494267041654835295714453029034648907258088418618148803149605119491595378
0667709470097778550996561398901373747557627918533058120957567808028277879620594852014529739234370013800886373620787541449928329
3125515897530266841998191196333295200100578758020333846745697177799969213733901430202219148194889600422499239512275441137216920
5650415027342249979224454839045392096843643602822206652387425455763721764312986203030589819856297909492941454232871627676382600
9334860923952422719693805188600329744718934283065130982713900165662458916981874159673444880197331666542991521443060535788337790
2260464469972488038180467803562022523783671731570132720326212442908194344858555602668263231905684505806559421525279834670049624
7792295078720351079690690721334629651981883246931635344717773193932081371713539221551527543695110154112122644215377568071412160
9195473483543180179899660415512485164196998646076213127620507751563271324222304453084630241541418631528227182134165081602418516
6107199131518105376224811112336028754695240510430182476876463353393744511821873843541677824666782764783493452855094114804483949
4681701662176678506643507046144062278379351438997367570137464357422720669913574736380880061893275748247043675527436431955366100
7149553832033242764660394022295041894654956152213899886346680985491273200086975419330405272293533518246991447255727068177450390
3655198436587622677364860349928319378663047397528676907239140945275682820405657108502041392682979560846597921188888907265931036
6476533442276806500783053564071177712515831376234094631885310570178318133342242810813665266902989059805523937906419013727894188
5431372487274298724777517697230193875880937677668764659986523658830811826735084723524757461022654674192380627828684371745612348
3820846618376083469895407196241963862417850743410179248545973893510278183277393709562656195366243761330452232662018800107769440
2069720833072682115347026542393190511365870201586051736004598121210837565385863777323843786272509797134422300430192141780468920
0442031082909423594641218252063553777303614020588281829250848330051744891712248697144729676289337492695365177253047051776547762
7268639820077382077506959745238922291525171731315329144119549984484846531136030620064784882237444115815092112452964098100945835
9872606636855509027099907122315750101939814965155251567403611737103452272009598076995597635176083234788901670535978209531433759
1085327638195333244518594079295886331726523118261222009427508754702667381643585015276186491128806622593525832828640622269002176
8000558812466886549021793247340135947691306446427709528028498200426365682563584527832696795214569479985794618339152398807896264
6187988847312530289136504030984674599402925257102785831329312431749794271223626066515601194350356075536808657593446997124519277
8221593778261506773470868068030158332034878924556789236087379527748372902142937754401272228850387450354124993708739623158789162
0522225048132576688432285718958345124544338046135042578516691967468794904627442698787375554323557096004260191198734997094093259
2462493092358156921232365706546429643442698260566011347797207644508552329524610339812245114706710736520675636593241151933904714
8168806409481440220552654041925492552985114821706878419857282323004033916474011864732600044228285384350058041710798941857144196
8456183927145192331984325229219292792322346278563254801756089348717336352552507588302857665733398806159165657708323657950532344
7959027432654889449179694030583164431534165468437531025326379868797173494533488353046359898220027884040904102921916878818230634
1572671474039612214962772842653777925720919829404267236601529791378862012346769450214240286963754895280462160430824808649254296
2713235643749557564532205594282964657763877791499599519104896455051738725475670902079776954156280521778944415643098383791627273
6105964254598123007279257593697900824845572590247120355844905046052760198392683039070579501029336629655707492386250995234644336
2615762358163929247483738668566291188631481608731204506773561888479176007728316484171079619334578564058039995926257045933155309
9915284962226636771930258072321745421222389817234966851925987744510291810977458517680205953227386190750476782698954854970577352
5673578687374046860672064496277781044455548859373704110716891640260365042726694184132711815871762240294031220477588483951772686
8668728817231201425334885333412781573848400038328099971193361147160493544335456580227648349461318031327984792185171580102807503
0169567182553246331404084202997183149669206523460201655479386533242862563036582654644409484005992680312894606697548079677284436
2408634459821807360135371085559754639951676453609356475891807606645289547821918227592956096670383760258316085039325249167270345
0639753426126492725051857242781368140995333223012553263382165242568922620303770347983405643905206504900791961601071942284936427
0871588895354801816598052309754202243843057099627863238724184518284044817748295192358320828895054008513930794283973928514112196
9798654324310664456635488952439998180995428408476235283937134417681364575355417817510233366035067348678178856527757300827180944
0038123007290989063863175985592778519488056333171045377703085872568160778246582018586168915869948568385646644298618780983546355
7869384600764512734048062223566504717806018441987433044570169614606144975153300488119826197625737171672582011169222743563965980
6977293818241046999651425289984525444775996710580402650890897413638457082477468109575400763448366802872239506128418904706794072
5799904603862986594106662322483455329279349540532965537255861860553280872874108710364305979053889159756036410545175996560632213
1905113425852351684154357685504469533745516493501062212340862826870385326709406031686063551224557399310052952422838419329227931
7546871961833002037605725905779115533289685288706841277287949763530450546184456445185142124516259820881277398739985868903009290
5390552777664596373149764240028438950449670876087502765011571015373476441820757391918243018050536384628502031771242890575429423
5602898175403670523511959645093602460733826479169195731008780332981500631244059144423791577718260284080812356359230721779826632
0282070388225563293057775488479437333861437827295440192975141284220068554470734762243654683900921775316128776798676828649464561
7044919729960370651911034098935618095727733916533962937362197410606374931103363062973825850629444853848346339446960413652519614
7923852433886365419446901963455158024361204561948757781294971510735411634498000899993250692952771388573089449720039510778006556
6448339128502198442312788117252393804187619178631365039260121533649897690132658417974431016238776431953884429473283621621760928
4796673454480093007496675559950785558242785307210144883418877108437084521237518409035829359990440607609053004656855467826840969
2539967222010309449705096804270772495367746726394308555148839954759386392982542739753442093370829925036983594533194718249508227
5349079635800249074525176724894658939051245265345143033311987922668779171808073614407324686649849960572890952798590407394876104
8881074380416317599148271017700792806364855765066986663556628051754736630602571628284291106232498605571402693983906331712030753
9874937506608818776772074340810498838067037288381814044995123846119534641571274807743575095446827709625774292925956993651483030
1351712538266765203986454072646816009684736475838189392745470191271779327758375268068178391759551780428792430541942252314370156
8407859484892460620078868667802179357348492180685724246644370230014476781983275135684947107880402240406891839259873980451085903
4906163533191850256268583682454988749837419823578079473319346296433799092047235338380155019552271132115175763259341940167374009
0058465924482070913500147064727037054124622100326796664614046484792704959337155884709332716325316023891570424872580884952438266
2436800291590505288180953642913700972896437288014085488105811040747638787748114199225450616098949678241069300416404785919318926
1934599170792002326313718708164205938810092585230289681773510059324899654472028348104884160918328871998687720554532160558923223
2833310668093246151983045850009608661418327316614685260920047242208439507520352050936476946684777115573214252016051709311522733
5806306154432125296361988853844471579270461201267503074861984238054921903008010783021332277527690547871326604862832931571535476
6953887201338700880983597387777946758689636635028887005208234910693065403037992011989492126099118102129494636864406808581750418
8449828487903174265578895543349223421139970247142747092518020699819810023484608128979286359504168816826179123882092074937458466
8429190917143583035383484835202769619898592015997875633392860989349020465819040052129531463007708159553740489427112502433350259
0015541288911157030703391088218525575081861192862772160417721389983310098584001488671913042391958271599517521875772879817883670
8715721723667422477987285388090627370795114420296274720333968016528373376502351404697409435351445641183117232448408900877983999
8085119600169893659072473239891529571989304915800525658372770589231187553832358134049724486998092398100951195327740893124363904
6825971614998820258858203237294363381385260403003703481866209020749805588161211696398124406863222077112906818160524737133236376
4791287439396340287050946270382309108183116290058907007033269789030152170762597022242414148156450382489069745048352057183456698
7699407910303700018163871163387977417734630895740976320842794125644044206230844211892365927545147294624099819954065586859396532
3131672188768311610064467750350104984282723151135474654890501043106825950749943883966630006426594607652504022624213316206819824
2381097970942205624530028578508606408894416081148567879895026246182144217645044116693226312513033539646866882479709987958089969
8906558060289356651604127285059333055318644242901255378341192868378040612451560944688746385088366187655524363293058496259834503
6045783943499511329380195312503328218913377235931966010737751685331040259612353101709972563764048165640905281453608759750462107
2697778235378791219808122722229257971170129904297461026446932149333464400232434190909889478146390656698937276924878791295257123
2803907707992452534631676946969649948134841465957319668276815925648168701088565169944440306293458637327427324437179025248962792
4731713616143649458304003973798123909714421863335575637937266819992047643342146589405067966192841049385855050988705354679370809
5372002945727744156997261317197525282324231196500161732336217784763019914950265863384886596392669097800628799874734609235337063
0503789478310331174915570738552836640716185310681333898360502850585012405514745303614418697185463616197057663173866523087604838
0675037169916204490298120588020089851962810662807481941976840354009840553886735946987601156791667665686995459100468477453975696
6834794049663185275577105102245452812771387897018848470724588835525127031721746222497385677737902506111966509521044773531500357
5329174285407427305661763207997349560549428910454568831186538339414510256938492615597532037011523362904523476314189986503671291
2718934812220309630578226399896956440076865897466517017205703733213982937662658920267819470286608114781834913036578565065677437
0292082835411024840424424503720769844545589088751119682651139453690649901159394940442554457210310520610468908232856172200322893
2168944494860484191151489757452268440986053558799687398611861491809004454116677153114993411395893222172780575772632409234094898
0022046237220608888434835342573839194475118566063006131560443847533169495969846042538404623478526559762435571079702487933385421
2451919192203771937523596048769324041291130793137730493766482430142235410357050813575163787479425148259744336129889104511577631
4142550759732390528563707063152034344178846568888223418447224601319163578533878251799463243956174732623278426810354689051255154
3970640202120158350260730117870456696154229567633606514596475612129033212370234978048801831781364493706668262862093481931515716
6561924140099494620364526936808552193114041143469574838371934269300545161105733392695711211423415123016324534422409169998476243
2456534483029530345127697481939835893243537886692901492470290039455511175154304300500928667293566968811328935461117311498383274
7770989718625939764088550940976599710169478296655836026852130278698487150688281647540447530622442916288092929799874814879443957
9848763764198437026743206591847265528425238321090574928951078930719540533808196681934811602035009442951951047723353414154858302
5787946077159159168774450433330444862738778849768023490388074911496672265084989382578533753038885946437129868548176233233930301
8580017107399342108923739552269357825947129658651850931301283981215557531809779053507136238066452267893979878894161383251981836
9913766525707178278575810543038685579648619267169136094328824697618419625108889858389235878109542078438921757522374605654744287
4829229647563208502985033637245591132219509835319418276937992741995767258780935271942567981080789563695276467555561800638017448
1643138233933525491385701115282638884356620775214978523597941747167932566311974729439511528404991306505854174907409034566035713
6143827997778747391148759316186369744390378766441792907186485522361511087226349625577289271875444080879557771349971812896783921
8151037464162282243454432112145953184331053916340169687740205103102595400733446898088691425582734935373310066807019088114280263
8729904943075565576008704186063345542320788733990798433124383054387825974302546390620173375209936756748717665874520884924479185
9888909645307351789982700065033105216388788398262734159940626037880383673919937047828435841493103609687935677331602519191613414
8850737384099163846794178899558085730334694261907207404022320796803770107876986360807427894048245601008966306481139963465178636
9603978263464022093387313902323305847024620528667574592309994157800256182557220046954796119376040712963053063896476690374286989
3405947975994172973640043088019552492100802303545308377567580689104604977659913539104938989315677959717470803854511462658064563
3191162645413432233404183050706031855638390349798393321645475424393193065096426473922012746067572812705091078572123464528104522
5754070330806062132016998542325199869791387417374085617357171312577717425296247007640670351991232446756043415004205160478899347
1725194535387949369475223998736399458938442651506418282232173272224426998356393475616690357433350683532939697909185050724112276
1531609961298179460965979011464443408544699180131732903518616680630569852510445519164321486062756903290742218453214665562625462
4277461038526097907874522581743597670466704734455633690080575913829222964025366450929288253518473640288917518499198469245997685
7420143434734074307744766434941598412413533864920547945213441905542326713457623437002740516606230037868321117285609425877483514
5509703411252690324400121230820675240247540075031296148576782911392574907974824839505516956261324207298130826703943230789524466
6235427271350178310739006810179034776823843871399578101065895786301705049659021548642844679899589499916930305008178597329009228
8708376738514576473422684695199014327164139367786002985515660277291737951903297112627302613852418677997201436504553518932602363
9576506417537859055584148204389221076679317163739081159093922729562344633399336320523856409926599959155324451664857304036979342
7821519375657055506931717396389844553686714012907465431386872822303418480617283652851337727643122589592938283893016029851450741
4046931470136635022512650864971382510668763279223722442081085741561189482186827034926915081819290103926309450155161557982601266
4715454308438516658794722092196206636934007267582801367477453071665674490724227142539801920570519231994847446963269786268119916
9168041401535492095223153393392138627537574429611826175866774713151956729343684934892542983754029148830727112711391973335239513
6515970901191127073416539618442535739664555006336299291335206114647465786032988393861387837528101930282563813184667131516357399
6965025115159934457674823672748261872585621777883115554117585206762204650484234255271173958058407125541367807442514328611570278
4831064230665616198380860322957982656881003885916660535633639193463684058409926839010861838915803748651536627056017889319571392
2850377483892889368048618651662404196455568541580082178826055899571765132140934322132515590245447090853398672580050380575567268
3835035801788676880902622563977805200108581423258706942731469718506605351522050771195525463348620059942550507473397926975656075
8170641249931936194409801838731827726032358290235160889838261562910412201128942409820711534658779929527668900047257962358847821
3914141889006189906618830872826326907793134446571712010041037077410013305523598603376182060668984447359850821728080727595426748
0524288363005399115153078597028593878897064055724890623451683531614421839812503951731500983120346087995189240459208148107096125
4155453406508028056687037448768955586471685200246991147018630064209861444093780513311415335160348800209398873165630411940689888
6507947702834259046810555837139361937816955993601288388902706347465220128545880169696095175041923698015462911423095653174399855
3762547022058799188111929405215622052455625552628888943381861262479627747983891009023031983537685246888772136743333720092806316
1214549690057757944760791464294073960482795674578197576015074847454616235022841464586043262062684847644609779311315421146732973
8541338437296411555067873828147460205050118794445175546707442427376724688646895066999337376018755680130878200128406968859847082
9053903102817499105181101245913670467308052365562812081988351351621302283720868904030918069105268441314194378171102376175885834
7390879175657202991792721024454048282348887367327525251428650799473344325817058656761335824140200255463527106801978883972849023
9114858631082305511415208423205161099795092979957887353079774012813446208145355233313207283275642795951235302177270570702859527
9437270466650300884205636449007422609778006468400075137707364599220020468818147412256802671321760977139033664343323597425197602
0302618076580610803854795974063518981909366239035024103586093127902225268380234904318024257226627138837362185766291678782029207
3947830739969480621126671162942463986987058328256455824368521897685045168203062702288692030759860685197940546125045250168790201
0514803654436570370324022741742361761085767189089724981006110323674867393784988265456553747645514420643289677440464150052019123
5223236088122199447858422156052424410894574207990368063564291905403412016110145065374098953504598451976662453874666981008325424
8373293703798267046749026333095880042002196112554036817370313956674653924174972808775910245525212215059736970917924397257890308
2688275927997288192485396746573266295779844438202521819272050705543165472702597009969819708658965256689368204413111379773538064
5084094239742086467203807611090720704742678798346329233433650521401666169943202745736920597870661200400002701183019652790391816
9022357095836768187469229301323281507939417769215045474272231522798590708421786910823915726035891376298601448255283206715063088
7293988737791411397897393109492140546674166871313197493347838700746175919251207836436115320719048184023218823514733017767389387
7188783211699643174822974868235729901402276203893157987109644622416046761772620967723823455916506713613144614196470266830456333
3793370001173936142455344055973062003252783611956485218268240522116090384604646513391487197827194186399975132117817107687082668
3534299426891086746037016872943029880008565862091417500370811850667508670706496943938696062708498042156433801209832903518387378
3612904603444715041436728628573199366360323396870491816934924984624193337784171063290043144432026274325167439913901462851257791
8301153338470277907154944290430893973748596163892611069628643761048471308522954471189690031882490684526895423581669049412645780
9532276724709021001315582137581907800630208033706211952374871095930264465397182584969831143514075753862615083949416688307055905
8388236378283440896890187881320950399116639874885181013806820276432717798539692296166413239097562927693580121835296266376329989
7227163697631743317865706478603326970676879690725149096075601615664615649563621319796915072035936935656249230727588009066864898
4030193127531435008439718127581289588778728561167418433131262502679346011703797827534339742404719888498611315489306325294200918
0822596041854995877122241367357937629640300673554434225279391124715516842541288461765835730255187409409295964047110843143360218
8020810762143625695211304403500380226297593451193440072241550883222759127723312388393491431821749019440262383840735943032001195
8318237479489554100626369597427649553987985282444811016365279010859228891440704149689826185729924642137537603090218575037482996
5366847590778547088514990246112762636619967032116058526965593868078207507263589910269699995373744003756645473632293041062685541
9610845056170949836472700450287286628803643135098265884778110832410350875689137416100768678349522724998316556986352522714663266
1503726130267377258411268772164465860231491482249362263232011498460531343555282835085236658598989040170763967052694908347332552
9494811816089738912922010509947751572303760145536902984045309394480942411502821839970060527331347541450194445987076121267053844
0578064800062529101700072602908332148334858119123936457716348054959136175842817084891684097218981249238233949488256020176601607
8655837084859592004656876506460130727405913211331057771278893395802267144808219629460783237220481671207469404413079770236276202
2474357024202046544233057042050406320202093782109005795759352430295741395906001878748884723478079164300747108788119563090468194
9729275772864119080887672349769974091030926766697899488139685369926038289554489717497100438993101868557613700320201349470541544
9690121476368923069792412981332423045488814436625785624017824621004713254286195984412682695459029135822031307061078889173619865
7378777371791906660635984844468930766958298884404755753328140351948727806677530013266236008432182713748064589578467419387451399
5958115863312505525587296099572988051567717080297066945899741469832877228284562546192870097158128338501540449059947967484049806
1525360297576645372782766370344139731393001666478941675207716176663153356185352097531952067180451056483850877049391450796637643
0957180541118429393622724140553758348088782996643755097821436674434023381251140872906157549968145359578492278555879752671991774
6216547228847936682579390485586625009476953902113956539812453553726263850745606267922068236416232274799633682965858910518609181
9364762411101864870815658017284551581396524871993598349274914322101521556813705161096159781789698091708777511072561306773711005
9372502462001712636254133123395734859574314940832644465721405982847453658518168263698099694805090947049141539874161892364044592
2081215406680382103751369362572309567943724594570823605875011736925225634106628852644577321897191396835476563249653975626106030
4349971249994089684132392481061788229278189139063384564147513903173876133019427848009965641301113400947275878225261721625731279
0221661121010559617008273964451895647239826707650461656354872916410348912631911913485548662828141859786059545072528125011374221
4423053386826713852263693496635804173362348029571154806846975163821408623542798104298751000786068795017683260714515841078366993
8161127671355970070573405532186939626037976009760161070135615665381704277318637283166773287886342633146869956929128780714287331
4724406673554759228867043031026142833731777584308969100843251135369865682593955020981079390823701606661557011686336153922127671
6320174341401698137531688064847461308245007114188039688579142931690284251799997677320348583442367762054912291140917964811725137
8202757825011219494192886746445679726841310275929718330630078072572216660349917135633404881654966136524906313940172149175596901
4973259052196790674213907468121479716985489021755170094314094085515986880378978689367545392713051595516162518064260512413271805
1589006020451052603264805726624921702203140540281094471735610296632014298925191276086205769087410850492910589262019474771202876
5301512438781961299615681939122770744864098845659058825055415852695585895078281739508660406939859772275150311279745599614771126
4288153404604175490400855789649207035885124038840820254085618553577028061229192741635233861987354455133991517534727391845052478
6258955556704090814031626148938140929500657324155298474719121746871071846048890688770977276676240866370191127535467056926311394
9986426460698287989606477786579619338308357811140009068302509875335795457387693847614672598016435455104290716649294340111672025
5987575195605597807571132149058303080863960035941811196802177359118666488648716460574884370433012992324776906424681910784438914
3212828929093079665577584834614675181147027766122500255332258719353578136517199306847607401381636227698622152320466280962873067
4298697726297500762842637031315949284066464528353792900058970168170276550530718742305480231641988165044232612666352048235992340
6528595274852601267138855685497658048124785482783676783853867479073934060681129115971059226209525138395957477851256838662435594
6333253678417649760854615241319608105505866305579272971991684020242948061790638726814427247631657265086447512599362760504729659
0050552281101516551597310571530814588813676939570968218933911952205870242379775297989531959401920856446210979962385790387518282
8767289958783485919140054170755933223361121752964753574235200401049015889601531517259131960751322512615901642287582440268512260
3451721805339224609531183820195682695971871204396323817335046115539455320833063731322682287797699412707522241064736997253801427
9838095438421652946093122030638044112929662006537527680294782737078006325003341225082530500978086841673076833294743067222781678
9343880589742192946487883613246357871516859764774916328816004546765194900049207055237803648799342279688804719689248327413730472
0721971662815930264205326239766135366858450956630362245585637639859898001993676716328053273905567456704608882800064784850223773
0571787432542029050900323916790197508546510517976343882254348928206749045986326975042209032481347983325984442399998495068210198
6252008138898607709468342620809002496223471138515742069863151888069692871096460617937300581107228988473399264367167623204729419
2797770513682558101443641688720044042871553905410373246365721075390692021825457052959920292945148726156660506042073326859993576
9943199450035463537495910614331149365062244685626306093678223057245690588586113869249388996930139917906887631260478153521760102
1950460426985566320913113822097771379876492753786278737646554639417059453209917138732302032256017931681335738155323404263671794
2838332702415027792861677040542052438018840283865010592299818970494138350530560217854544968425238656792859418734080761867272852
6010463746369529626569768506440616846423788144981864845682008740038225629815725166282753185272670640607060429451038753678650440
3603428316928538153550803942955541314085414603075220414550257874931378714081625009020301955524753074400211685480928675879412454
9843069053870715332522840750526561812419932672015609424516373833579891793837439080150576601064726524016745608185730860593580037
4790338120349419657809887950279987231778879709683733319593125286240898651454362025515251496405484678061036071464115462928635106
4812436174990135339020055889098969606774850114068102256726271424987296420443648067709292253692100724695627779636510134753572039
8737165463831035630144985978697481580718872897801411679391604620458063323095158841009595789901639579062186093555920948550517282
6684194497843892923374409974962663409557384721186689597945008117535697913915795350771799536776499659499378233933827449930665824
7081582116471192658574426394048422901610749624872891986363877792779389085331435286663561611309448994925468965045010492951543901
3680646340800173339218788077063204059241257097481947777145409084202800888856762009180382127277534304230302616826742040805136435
8971885064485253090204122142512764196490013452340872579790701372873179615012971724582237981895972101835369658929642000295179467
3378697466160221993719637822345980287088027594206423215053076460092623235649859970956549802453476198188280999027211336510921505
2652711751748836279015697510746966396333400935969997511167766407036252126460465825405459671454621493581082715193532241502957665
0853017906034458377960386056517204258262136080721053029202866891152909200067791240221407899628896204792320935757942824137109755
1860549007099165197284140872678756594535459353075535851412365063078974696027557562375802944288504306767016261985686187927040312
6976439902255838121317145194266076485068757990450059106045155783172858632535344129113251970702093415466811410640476211193415639
0223864295074452283847305560600110714424512989818888930888094361164360320952698546375108408821282297940103191521862113682311023
1062349856533324628662077342594233105268417141054370232872638557841382516201012169119621084906023902818960772903834214834404456
6774964345965594961633616650657071025352025214474328041017041037485163730502274877992356272868337521422636796698369213270452116
3863759791559426852045781221052728648632252466126078672480213084512794723010528131976170544126507023866299598547784848361822975
6029193859923289086357438220756059069241393076481467455226491973473927966812070493726378405565631775752820893408930243604143389
8322645429369121872596731546622494472770504292226778137537611049076304139170096181584862462563435300455143882748092410271989379
5326365807733260201580801629433084263428632745627040818781791453399164548163815232430786017320082301681273560908524949863305250
0127708812120756378948747377847983639315742195284498126386446424753766099623540522826797908737477298768890173160498925727449025
2938525448223494002554985481215274772014195861665818544594199880542548809977177276693721985173829796357491362226406805154130568
8969218337326188250536163628581836759650127208671515917790854163363077352794417610106050375787449708519147175922505361662892084
9818570904194161360123724397774706465600642465735373239577049512865171271762814912171304543676985961805640424586977875904966200
5504575938770959529220023577243022588499122259144158193746005510614090936240126010183628014128216077152330048541538274583951558
1040854914239994126791549056393295346381943572230033663200164558894293446713116407420635913349055999596494259230893231105260703
2206196014061006612340848198814409910794456229071521204012047591463330479752534343609457402515951279901699854399989958952429475
7726196843265136180636204555752895156585913253117092477574090168474904085406088453119889514918675712220848883891583790692329162
2932979781809321279966736276684170473868093894960203921581294390763273096543783962941941740885305313552176422059326344349963187
7716303606885535604492911546074803956458411462697046763121884171908019143640932002882802971285171891988638807617682091180833424
6415461043036191035529625558425951185907448251833755623616264167570352631169542482639741527208649286390063877760359771911261699
2470130258381358062929085215957585938262216089039199788226601264737025509814505817029779107756588940453410080897136093992799084
8707632659399021754985431789449236853018112947892026429638184953314257900880019675773825490255337783864219014358786450842397851
5533932851049276649253727477601106534672571299541307151668502286973847937896722437084410916259029864044870523541806218077954614
7765554877085157744714903505492619912731173476480412564678818534684847115861709661320561820994876787782948571629974821128726525
4958648468242228861341995358858962307381366972784922066788447146487993304134477988625345942386711833780639553271598395688961584
1195610154724201767373227499183087873970044260009821201260837039944092568903479517438262374212926002997007192595185854104973828
1619364472726153539242937799692428699593667255284692675884347709702639988899768923848970457805127213116307471608615036594270036
9983245059851562634241554611084024908123182475839572134087792577459483664336562817481606414919540980247553055009390347181343478
6678203813070191242843917525205623295811411258351922528980269188922471356248950351834938277372740881478275242174992792567496074
4143356634732380642139347869145766266914672583108623737574556686979737703412637109328384991661662700191639112734811399558605096
1208518184191671627470570937029456222980556566946874634805220009038965108642318793927711482497435062563764442708954406150308502
9023312095876743701169506435873830799968604505754154998579861924311377960500475654542205202570979796896262463835446621504771900
1307938351217139321342488304983730107947723886674861520928741265078308049241789485663045316829261201640722069914290181463616514
3662774552959414495906707805907185396346911240417542898771207054497319717662592108767592192807181086654802759806348618578837674
1314737004679848142363776160351558775692327407524329957179113590512266999745499877585915362625510835561292623778541138597816039
0237557760056059081432345998516737302912533244471786164779569231630397999149258259824248258872090314272651220971111732309368883
6627477978424025488072609778273019056422203214910145966781125727030515618065001832071393756745595983343475497495207623260839724
3342966216908293442342817978848639488604191273604917723840719378411000753792919755939336669416561658839344042868764649850515740
4843734023345647692176295441180249482639581287413972097837107583698158034620661397371501344888180961705583629809207419852455696
4443380077789857586353070023335893700728665808003439355680624696628418230215872552816714310195766329481088338871468994321119252
9699439754749964974015300163681954912050318298048480045612220669380962262620582805353459791375378214164628533298845978013550599
5105714350835688155081910384711576767489399113130569825483778697383765314872304014753426304269107388256780976698871683305123430
7876749639965180153007689268468639912304158853044482532644498399416286758021429281245070574658924487014301816203665832428101533
0785808281226435244861112112960701400035860271883263300268756398080488577467688265527817734331234380039587960227981962626600939
3364281430281513574894870100381156896475296131097244720576919647275082387947394192830802845871083057512101147458345259973497437
2352548478260815071941762637203003924467368412816659772061510861905396984310747338352315940227937768901334141297190271981978620
7421497155149250772882271160825127041610751435166048440557936723442915599683580765855387190581730147042311189334715395286473607
9469405090355283185848987802133089556363626275612421572132540664555746805117424373802421917096772214790891162942671883468819382
1589417274385691408452755936967864047060787328586473526198572660582234669906554955441129992972950187613542002387015080229290084
6570356377915672505761938151404215475617807815543585573009407518371861507851745477702147309937407690084987324419699405440825645
0612011361559116532371585728822626979903698606786712794256913394582020905043090461211508518273342883931278463866340432838401156
6760882395086214518227285005993629709889190889508417455761844997600135276044719721514847763212602718036483323892756763864051034
9188515996754462022639889466629680669832215175040501200558563344456278764716592388326318156786971890684957626542747491478209927
8987779229113917038185012511339563267826387201889188999106457112243660191988731669456871109523244231764354533555547239773405699
6489667993193399907320056380302219372587627376810666191791189051092938301013845696380002825207303265588504074647639636023424359
5972299897263342080767319345606033144822159869746010125714876643532020183420706758750193523599953077555495726481141414611132824
5084488926501974380578938135730935789462111699625550813110845128956753975680460172778115855586076226024263960948204752675321380
2481196609759725214010722486828189087368975741750919937794099496934509151874334791821893377695611203497436421390537165843568949
5731231776297026471145248406339411301301972034255825750883890535679456779763247607668575953175369910078981695492172415999716775
4579188403021146726016160128342968838235818738719371073259844121400672340573224465598262036627730489472180977859344538916635018
4072803135751982897056486221080699066662076832459383392956264311706786163956015331215770418998634239350534320417157397046765970
1201062381226118587752910736476250954770728984407318744902312031409265281863798225473350200683876473994417794886956931818743554
4970302735301544243501924330552682090042743013078749961722848840311456198559231934700094783625178641374367971636230883796585194
7528520099930871600504738859526542685454459947737830229008160696355714649737859829804718726706633142812661022345510571151124118
8421496990755255433515708880870288195255467739826209142506221198099596830401844825962275951060431553735295340571732198670724017
8936767354220444343191661460546264683941090169583805460925893859976635128662736335459378982086771782291262296836018682528094985
2091822408378038044344571653062122443897076701230437493508375904957950547708046448886825832044918141237713293307448531246301325
3809577056439308352524023850120731400555497421961772257434416551729487887916281181723448155709611102047050048200739035199609339
3691135325949817192195090067443211343266627775946016712851865749742799362777412328641698096396095788341581675313236780103509391
7728571205866997785438131913054881617576104163904406501238204339704104937888486853321561284077020503299289883355914615218277880
1111888880906892863133264981628224969781528602979570581183128605546822078255116005933260161155631478832277334536041066268750461
0079412603436706091984459336642210703864450821510237108480924013766858888811236465849216492858539373276328300134023520401083981
9032711135936968864615808603415924938529404508326233015998723558019026312135753805702013665081865026922455487474085399902382380
1925270181168851392094205156290625337733809503843149282248914199479920984244708969137863994130437975788618973591803506088013062
5670224338144189138135191184201868809626683864671529567267492650290228767102161777058656146469480714765930525720049680179040530
7230690280352425636146176530879993888167423730080287061127174186402752375468464868170738182852209838339454679149339529988407952
5792512066685362806154726245973930382853685512688261188341000372263049656702777229779863118583825044769296407053427341340382043
9064288699746230367766305172967912478546347888349770026780079432939827599619309710342120385387650986045115258506762134679333064
0440596074705090759141142692292577561658123037036520266673482910698027486128518652316613594364723726387332531338654819095216165
6586405699035556181676379611570196812319147084489164717015394853295535428378692362698265567241807453037131148384149957093387466
9613627657031243653069021006489437859522461371334813124213550061172753326963975967858093098270917873153645156857962187738174651
1136920419639517807349446907609250529925657860858085930986434051082566457439789550530915328824048952555143480521491002977432620
9723285190605612751574356382595987410097040493290287438645066768564593720132821343589116869402530302205558307160327389977244390
9364492329019171456987187525681281472110463501074399197748223709921114091308897093844593961700969890959904837552334397994454560
3052838056301761186571362672662664380662089189821373489289767638693120179754848616628936578638481820222476538767896516701765186
5650968841999476243265351662185220984505585094177664675790716289996388896832182868460012463094065416068468660526498381293391126
9133890615055659775962704691788335028541094043193982847019337250184246131745395473435608325229593796115617156815138186553076713
2129458246410892733861841029801352092648607760367150219892460311630359921628868730343711772190656001417014669173768985351029224
1665772830534776231474157241609092342166046079774561656411248463883336203142778691223352454530469529359343352214726777533890124
8331713345182730719576279806483123633260411891324365421657390996528436543606816818186451009421810586108827795803801756029033502
1364037207944391495829014284717167206349222584053304291053816472070825719135329033244226893785498596526306122826589748158594087
5166290726387661882217520391175991236803942524737711932725364262567914513184343152964650814367428507369519194246642124353850820
0827084375654733169383428093676562471650179031999648254047083978351359301318312364388282400723012984805620892215650029052432539
3941456090006715583530315193770635520541951076921761324088412023106545476103418543330517872032796586561611105128147089091776975
1738857734263197422168561159954861725900337109733462635773133902960240600973009046170223803445433108730659547191448827977753217
2930699447354813297267803165810088809944869393780407968089194813574507757841359950100327174854511476594508709317805723583889020
7143123510044372032973820765560757174132206252079849711539375893206623268969901549499791778646394614259993009419795504303081399
1805751816651443729216778302694093259724338799262345264750249439983832664270852123252647682716640466581767974713902148881103321
8726470726559295990593930464431140413396151555993515614244807290113117258035592083195115356107951148992883803789239385817695980
3921614672869622892796645795274584202330027636891305986908354816884938844639467554178364479042973665199423978535726526806853994
1879696934764137925030122852767473404168885624623810742903886724883175975872670995314600387454933128918537822599476294544895031
6035100939350635436051361083289099777664034736094529995818610825799950536521416106176327389907566363175789821848187634785837579
9000534727303607788183270598866205796784604375642000912263136681354291802540390456321071569535579301082240092546052754082125140
1036718094258942656960699558474884940333329012199962569808690163604756147670835128428656230386743308384472157735698077816035891
6071364091704432824311172611510490775020204802190669441798310247002139209451209194509056421614671635249279135552841468497623698
4388935023201010068076632458613446034376062184128689428896319432854524321580911853120662708261911385263651607882193115809188251
7169742597495615052582018265793684790742777650121858370707225197495242787747124696863007018741360971574027831332907655096436810
0422401456149077117264566129183248282220685815602963735110673297177754943137791219212563311879171990788150209340116758159767140
2965862835354985730344339045722772376955873793360410786309094363480176270871774839639924049136780870709007238189898961666868275
2861817902533679195525000340605947416733205573982037034681250485524002724047643727596821058644083422061496633576063860945664624
2693808963859011255454082437160794171986401169181404558686995397058453911479501396355062702756373669284391335723793677898504528
7653550559325583799147678302921854984957213549656349312970370601725315750255349048113259251600824306253788257181726835044331139
2669198588461532129599972595504488308041821964826043635029559596161652526633086414778498340817442875389328897830361220046753460
2464008866849845585427596306460289186014718930150794200485697147420894155928351507966633760981788686260275637265508592186109230
8485080800308772606343366155948976547130610312843499421865489766584635822710314441085925235277117540126323440360094147819765072
3284154124684872982729898726330863362356401302174583854830959819131037571458234265917476543549149369136036055331113709805046443
6448518117737425864310082406263081225358862769781154236900286043306718901307704827192440877547054996291784365092391305036785917
6937932081779624691771675203207782587255392167526245881985222450132700822827458180664476166098376639952639111122762216172733126
4351428226863320079499951081487882664115198758192473811033557945313783704183329712942802900894464150489698398293843181571708391
4008673285830233165375165239225902635382169451174378889470574573298752951780171507430341658864697744996790183195739971709305547
3512291497844318467447674406573948587271898370849211096489030445902905335005315909627516994616160913716819045790842998532630215
5522629798725110629827671497041697233370597035945650285606531591280806838835367751631589755667302233305861288279338186531242009
4038072792258238775154639697267095650759428219766235775721809805667537846787229698544718121429627243715285966487077144477541907
5934583620628679989854657650575271470278836721346368661646073065566282621355114101575479793022577251192819889432201758294108462
4480564984351469882094948004921988867959440174254223793056014056869119031094103106976186436427858310194322489736576393894678612
6908132113303990201784965196474475898344897609537622286517498106001289334026874927830753197509682053509801560482547631691338408
9319954675495203754314132567507992211027517777636008035159464490278748417535817989110579370702464528694578198640300697978306801
4761479515872183180982458008106034482409223233605055754850233921649363735633967021409784641062684672780275455212963103609820201
2564622328254102204752883685136476152747302286902963024211546476863845751873654900973840371931652957066788857238841473470464835
0397866053032166080589875219701391296400993039583315649582052801128849941725263617220137826074241870851980225112051857130648469
8173011294494728142605327204039773210726054522101869637370867240485919811250566145341338527471719086407653593120324797075262800
9276563059829040598662749592867289249306923572562392127787551507493862417784430100714677869547866344355462003505196714057035937
3281114518664069193538073304543737277406653201799960331850340753228936196208065150992985287938425817855366760648223669372651097
2101840795886669078503855800666686104431608113029414404488344962534581805317909553125776693807861855300451192405993773968098583
6961316934095858314386858284332606626453618369372169846037717301254036577518610498824984225850477019844523165578520651885370736
5674574044356298030636615794164061879134353864364329335297710010416084563498871752753647964277918366926080825456181880254954413
1539836063070409136278143569348758593204080100329208721008698517483741296128676983168524689365145284941105915339931290444395066
5870435438526474510831874542069716476806976094126759545431524918894521691790318139213265279009865120135936482961615836310836321
2764563926650270576320235999861005882574146665848294584476765322933617549606955812826398821817999980232276039438569048353472002
4681622264311366983045853037646736891614380849223091345272419576321258005567715693518336948951455962926248349277346106557405718
8956877856487148384136234859130353374642270367915456930125213227196134161996004529594088595345226945903651779962975528996861250
8929969605933523152819203271238663371252277051363612117118809528465712440154903065164514629518743371367297353604095710696093004
7157581534746462952501632250334837099070591121491848742704449306300549604064489388204805910975177833999231196480535164260229721
0485019965651431731437912577838502867419408108382589212055345268265256532718527981331506279373063176342764821347791812231845829
7209745175723014456091749043194092299024100594164185069424964912279120968460389124726898963864775282217153874785467678332297469
6065725443439620053836394925815928161931638271242410865193688681337289422879252019985383178533022928491349413174307090957339832
4700128875271375466912640968373319232662860319940601106545249660353269122104137983304514576260940899048020820371598690778056227
7730285573414592054013879878236163258148114953801223831916249666510471398921760574945529246282567489263612670937049902168944246
9130285817898813367964618316152272977147568779205131506356566544347370722993791917334237866531951886887339933938523558239665651
6324176517408834364349803908520408107012550850560156082064698531696664057881361151779666150135225685603149038329558618588277296
8952307375129199935262885586527056730554419885668513403462367686079193825971303716999017662160537275706617381132201851911575059
9097939471326158030329763386527360778246814576714519406324120582675890884898234797792200042538307916074737348191079713801271431
3543558395840050080153435933135880595590305720081325097084551423268599148459068228435603649060705649929053840511309887473304515
9764838954490408335606543556024437767253488401288444187782685927977837265995938637882104106333802927203512151240662538609957779
2886694819124240943375973107339251767858923004989669776842476259662336587537006376705925903350515688363082070599436191295014286
4373652465925317661858189411340138062597385913063993168012584788091469995881494867908911062927314918797351706279530078724029778
2064997451678388426343449295809472909654204980492286328038224332702407992526584281413262450071832225709127884717383554674100721
7539736814358108443787011442956856478411159063433502735600777534624427911961386455371172130290891500709946519469882478498227746
6726050228227536316385485897543745820479149980410361188284581130022635250330849613983713225572081803265842903422696226592604564
7194667876267325769087238008916325523655281922437602110657822708321617107090571364990182422106391457560890252879023326941272951
8084067244599983014933199534424787256031530896533024441147175887371345390886210891424383817784357384520863399170708018540336261
6756491974545573085147283999623619067108143004190487704098038956692693217789059190015343978239812814528286370354978428552071154
7449780712548692282752907313327411787266027754878897309843460775599392567392973717717866266635813723308899529146352109375925165
4589899290541494280337702591008141258629373350544520604291218705671399173981123075630121451176103241759370092474254377359262199
6674505740657078583031897307527013973936077370107324719073133704686647880878285508608449940595668407790459295575945823755660650
4398342537751131171214988271811959189579782716426212830903406974442463464257365397952526980356187741927953055943122410685033921
0094907389935032343867848721405008172219352354700721989014087040463745373039712419507660947640188922848825854691917677041514246
1508958586684510982818262867790308592204381251380001158886369026776930843982561684403451614590888186936500388011892045824866501
5793657116945434882250299286723935630635472763043771513002492162136250578168782159984593375232995341440779322489270838200480406
1528263927376996749090311110890532617677357745138138771708962614857985706783193215918275341078100860497124422089882672715412665
8047862045380193284671628316345513578527766132655289631199372572297400350940186548315099505461109159626804827405877434015762079
4497649985437114106619275583585240709212568170308750996103273375973255643809512987167799126855604592582070720993954457629607433
4115202807426887388976298359856110123402007311986746450130132490988863002251413157990023529650615874660044346489668889392287152
6927862701563682169262409452072639909156413247108366389659864970583248090206725794860315733927719571533833830245401473668394282
6642155549542044431836970672852504846515539364245490047433571110732970388069323446548403285359639096781185191635964711812010789
3758505500262572544806847683378518452890545811878275350915244958015902281380798955282380990829046266914505428380626717794710699
8543173740869008063671194651581188030729498726094049008714991031352383511909957936902571701241692397622133551499445586152966454
8558201709766887626106558682087493174247508346751479027758498057382070135663052096489680200478789301589881335174285636803583368
4021046412548985259286576563116974009718144433360698911802741759233868394233863822972297994024437477811572624976113883122932672
5381918891212001167216621281602456221735226414991801854696667000136111863626404844152191631832767778925457352443210000412625595
5545489652781686362831418324972755141214447870296324256972282335912548489681306938005662008761939913552064594595349128397481698
1089524707879456280414931183450523776892076608328015438392554074880142678157014194242067164456688702421957600153913700978618426
8305117650117364060258714900356625435051024551440455926273115470939757929013176898347131589373525848240533670222323888613399302
8471548092796793462446437655496090111004563242834114582368336961549825665258690557364306703617109594457055331363141186121145408
2838670852038846380823335210551520468349670239701607224866707358833084563155287946007354912983177147283657585469121005219622389
5789402261399916318681167359698620197070246205566424633235135391148334480479925501535906551354569207810065959398048065712057919
7261986944279592176600370192037825062903228830667505762121478097517284917101606104242575975523312739096999493662697366954853560
9155879998783130488358931786153797296783212124287955652349632245457365996542148509944356865191456587886152913113892875578626974
9514039241881963923397516312505696923391431643577404694192615351139994947842245479233801981061807552927418310904314043203688694
4614887134561403862531573523675942563015366589167507205886559178959551755768826801165790017789960028672209846259757000436195062
6712756378314975481834508159845487505561014170818191973740730433116802799842074666829329785272494733308089058087919052323067808
4343294134478763284253795500389053885558601278822120237277266312668433120502431917455874080753529426382802888951317455320771924
2376278290758786366787499337556544479743289945243171688237218372051181305516529407353834157305915645651032848895215696121925178
3277461207520288197080048258823569914990769314412444872094153856107817656040287107340131396038173497845042121242427193089822818
0292406985223320173089591545488895576256166382750650552107291481212988120961054843360076945546651513119822979777064017606102333
4155585975612603215642148373485509667928447809166188682093526614287990594479841858693261264552895318696996233565563963262273017
3435051958110889869116245172555488932493678104217964596210912258968214519860568648927109250277169274770553939366194092044056400
5580589234840522431968399852060022338678890148720329696753155804394492049184529967776995091977565256891476404577309506725891693
7335500310521157522656023934693183042792687707804385279531540473816692277059506917018062802407212114266734977379325447178574076
1771613660964024539818471437377426571013833744798577093945387086328616540439686380471290881092187502982926867793090143460960995
2854310614938011180157233734163443946405910506035197343508210254223120818772340019254546366421372519708012585990732220553479817
1257049653581939929259306981138171825335308854774522129783756061113569283775667916315356572397505175426434698580681752134340583
0335808023777690523056395860773496290527877864032944037336174082899748170635967157534100283308552217210895819668943595660390141
0793041940236886441234025927232106929006722186357450970274155143635586525537995503752589941375247670685666954666533793877981889
5778831921482018016340449172209749049865029154730502990831586948434948616688177219302113345681124510479338999307531273610240254
0006855309162866716967524960032543880915882390415328777432560766307982993890466192334347172872288555702927609941028091228916549
7852480060739012387300892561223523799609034777867042713542472004721462831725545348869852796577495340595446292276187383478785958
7959977096587753530877434044450370650017598273016702141156049535064683872702373865885204993323178473693440316927580843350832264
5711255434828429627433858416873855046302807982520306738509536092504233877047237492422270856933123651986965389822895956478482440
6861826464075028721520622101929991628946998804166738863536077306024363695385475918930843524639833318710346078946645157384213109
3481268732060383732986016495680958177849607099558634081654518008026716403239770966732475944721762791451888118885285069414233963
8027947110287197529845522807009685886470194904262452476975443162530080660974564750582146126181908103247560999247950332233807322
7124796294345362297022824568300955114164662928041497399401450052218863148267186902693402640989732333727359655944286809966607247
6673207022195790654496166749745020173181219341922393697843282922354805033819231485054350962234180921218558256719281039871046137
9465616068877625982160091084356867655695114307535279252535857794074660077470905649500203254845487633889884403918357791957962609
5439735864176545493786682348080515776951063552894497267405045766639566000474520462761676673185451169867195127044329565448901474
4077128683528317505947720920671307017612997849640361880751590889728513950754717072470243203246494346250198972938371059265537757
1744350487793132663117639969909905883135140378094636348689423577493817809958662291757247314354678873465246383300244542531431911
4940086036767442787655065360411221974038277063722727918083568388107313711402640446340277014461054034344740215045925518041320283
6681118829208967331321877862087707476476072276521025702668676229506021840555589912885589031283416146794110309804988142636941186
2405582757418961820523544833021078187732693088350227346014916968640935524755515218365262141583526578487828351593275991676198367
2826944841325179084380122395615301242526065149184196022148551459509194360014728846066978997793718470140240650758184827065285092
2993193263125920746329597500608467852384071869621346018318097029329594882972558366328973665134862355812606060309541457130668022
4276324020092753413044519728088179483413580580809338027992824022071273342649903541028827269643668077697566268171224024282173079
3298668219738409681902878367215423318085688425654045440812819269643490157963034537370434474347979142141704582114328144364074548
3331207723416487218945222041751113899922244456772815194220564328760009807415143846017951460454941724943113249362066483407691380
6952116171208702291147492954583173797003314720166450613568401114973391179929136073418264108322111138297086137222772204563421106
7600975435069311874768177860666996344740802287521757586619300995824931951698677022696322801985871429773970218124919477206966901
3780912628061324155929062282119787356103921261553217430966183645130255649596951891774470507549609157651291460007364039518971745
3378164561008341242097804088752883493567850412617992500593780122329644848355808639540910546811625908951376798420135130564695711
1010690664052506424047390590878204998037797666671722315517689809912733797153349697357764209138638827429140983606619452818262145
9300376547277559089699722018353829113301128665766029981150643108015654465357713345760938255089553063389045170395343438086345129
5388574617722177598048137212627225252667251794017646238607267836072085293351506292982031628145496634572585511875570432312724337
2949102931084425964911707872142235444671368657598878661624977383342922503912907622387561510392479663939836372865380891249214191
4125450850629924708967370485579795410196136664949644795471576226816969360966521409006096786481214505471016659590219454123795063
1052876846080196429866636468392224678653280363636952881423630013978399548705549755495939234226751546533383899311389616571394812
4742555980388054447437326569075723750771475897619661025765632486508214470920970384046022812610698865095434736181621465694089157
8053089116717921661140443537567547341019450706571788438437303262785839761518407332728972316994708287799676864196511854612689905
9729609228443111962917503361177873795233721041675657438816948255161968110343038443890530223545306466481706693430767571885086143
5688308264781028505036247702821583514666470671292172916350280224873269657299593653174145005772915708578064978186214186153683267
2204744465132776025498386899741825318473763441099667987231878067919021578886769657107832299974638025812458213339029056421384587
2941505567992035598339903647769230684834003209355669548196807243023989038563917277881744820709582631259852618961087166384306292
8258024223124059927265905619693379087206675705618331236606891852566067360854244728445479329673501981619440816785961582356678690
6012067901366243313604096658402361049393912691496270752442176761357212025454418262374116671287518874273805796136109140975751742
1773101052368269774971707329316287503544657412042811119480548137588711677240886794469483314479010931714923252443537409707971115
6673163431438354320152064250744844641052080216051967752388682876816416999627859168211126178210239748498710723469312339914116142
5806996877521195102255361656866436538966669931939141317697197556942791721788110932577145668299881351690980272915197702021298156
3837290410389303517128116353347856259353484969554892124616182205192313287433755106122400179494690010200326668121477882253979202
4517266820218197081941589722796747209204288657893693887244618207431797169277035145695561271253339157663193312460041285285239201
9619778362364427885644889878069243475033064627573715740274290928496163757241181156603865800841856421952950186816149922823346976
2573799739461267334017539893388809186322465134575561495883735717608135099991766507451755547789018617434096932254961072365198882
5105319049917763260343536285268328841500875349287045804710455434303605043562842410645690374572514107603618866501621709959657187
7151556358315357415841531703618215410583915203575998268810030381640117079961254114904804786046065507943854733690644791284850608
8204760879007736798651157366669090166543821998311590636584404376075249452086719646757979910467231964531015916233682304625227803
7147573127581292166990486442215222962358403851938571275150035153036061725108691622876773795056511233146161151053768550862751540
6784559304983902886590174698622574195988266824149602039534916660889368814614010342767085921580402597291566274193343471685906410
7880113249001482900851888199979393787162065292926067710104923584703156779327643300580458887132435255065678627456912854660490039
1350749751135031413626228320025567623412283741939627729115634082906593503710519533248918652855496972010878915554543211009367225
0004322455171197190670578109680045148889288778920452116958832375230435697820421502377733900228528866659062527967209953101213734
2911494504322931801753348544419729543749078880072226980969166346711819931480214331433779640233877327672317049984114641749562870
2396528513460618041259531318301991286281693049268735199694175803321673323893916691134629842475605991446026813330356086230228330
8981164060702124227875449453939249569083280933393885800497807219622718057632147355043854391102180378987437281964171835261740700
4207084959173122310540889440071390175078165835125695056930143838697501277302913507401666310496334451392319525169760616015349520
1210081234448921940981378280200458404260945592669718748037205896059223823726981351910671794263375996276697272684781727338912271
0029168415827572351727213122061796310780992187543596747141643738703113178475108090159020344233281790182332311601803329178285993
3777296404075934053174216751857062118469565443797038517380817156541529651488369770373411767683949249420334108704951789531604654
0677478972172417855596910438873967997191564526032435944553932413671467038312980120163881839182106666575810117448701361229089668
2906070251543291085920125260549397785656115356661440571177943054793731483489419102892567240649669779614310761600563474068066656
8852394653036692892038076417261650066148179764783605637155006560905389777668215992491194523484007340075319390767759607804494192
5467138831557823428775541689197797741887498255851810682591799669249141593216801183262480761866825456541084229589715596536290776
7751352765591319462216158866914539056239902442050723154683435064019845231969816008347645334022334350198037412040594819924724593
3021915992015948439763471750840891829476672656242373621059864369709314486194930162083489346397306741461969474457136306652660884
3810149798323432950565012468358334053474435740399651150333513841619654716521117976746459459286758520929133377210685994781661011
4783431510440557379639204082385220913253340902177656244399207972984745234341006126872839573292250089207868222847639289722379753
7370438575710728204326451494061012215276912157251877502908542289047363288154325283991522374002173371912625950441590135539908011
3066350412780717315157416276543477507139338679594873856557881443518665559120844101586947952288770461228629756299270909156776058
0225437513080408599402290104732039265518603222598728765215485627157659513804399230415740373980117223389491501554877516067224969
6906447098674865317783282853291741419024882827886344308680586123738306172623618313185104401579759220967002703474556768483264969
7905688354362418737693115373990150326675244455866285863285017259126406290824772728738190085605025791061658351412473817132182003
0647939692176384124068167344966453433916156302209336971942526032217331539621915101096729732974008611758025821638418841239335586
8207612011209373495228760846993905535758093646702045474203894639020884032055233069612162464709714659219943117947340234145019206
6685510574753704984128082407027684573335104766797904438216667655851315902097650094638260466258758906563426639941626773728838182
2859725751851113943873234212381842264933438665075493160334098268584252964692288511136721035397358821669241681360772178239556283
5410817225831141636647896001039576920297438613631278187702231335198482845481821124632157811564428311298381077638390915142518664
5603082383902365441423743060726658870177085955695406252400018823076710944733837738608757044351867174051742821082475300834328708
8478410686281696423470828758415498795393164508886616098722313596122431017415306773664281061410625509783895380848928242909573156
1195618788186485122683528679683670597289650244657656876407897279500115335276331331011520690820997358881740005917663903217514124
1469313024861648921401247135353735958071127626605430535836717325791385228578496115248025350543355198105506645012545576867598396
4272483837056013890177205566878534986867897273483516131338967706119399325076036529394304714161849476343886942682280685872295940
6971223873405564611431588388181753597862284579604627783908270991876509853907693857394999066866716324481756490631331601939564088
8692753456851589867469578350330459046916706027508903379244973723114291207510039578602992677933126396343784500936297228340222600
3596764762533798756045077959160866048043299983905049607435425529900440769757414376919342785743646389458775443875643589233861301
9939277922617044929198368291152778217422406940588205287822196961674791811253436361915620783243520085430696637802610907731339802
9987990017965498772438500667174890865212624587022291536612477503056361052627799082687991851074848222861818981269823302761583997
8147838382210431535807715103935094271794068054691587562868334683152631170314268604516246803968415953907592500669227061338962852
5229815249263579089803694020966160885001383014770540554119854860763174611534378849807683267399405523325826175066050422465261245
3718808810539902175097435162693814660278935973946526145133557384972950132995651178561319774914749271123710684959722970432994100
9959643168956842935132972702456973644474462349184166563719137832114600377784944150813295076399096859538689536653676932352320454
3562313742471254053603374767998733448940422800590796399248016870732131873285978468485675936836421845482343165519443520207502472
6212070810123317420939860915076451492474105989853395883410582273920108061505858814970010182505273303507369510379631126623445635
0255217936242316574157324758578917396184805700986741727460755136645033816635143639164644674079087020280816581372010788765004026
8089847944137656769780273194285160566134507215012061013579883469551314461311271302478380193931275275686279445049118291696625976
5717365181365376852569097535965171977412985242766246364289767242179344339616335652390309582781287529277190209039953388689399517
7041440160561255381091312862643936475613988744385378977312543669992877553324112750381702041222192086102659343479767405018249915
2110051683946677346707980171411807954606467103478530131043035978033107947826868347943468663705645386376022529329242653151632937
3379574154524802337331393517730441276946707038997138141465007355281465799683250899916025487713716291942082244114027843952458642
5030312724644064165890328712593254449923448331621966613833157539215136234997090424298061395610381815885285290455631522924868317
4994969373293084869354149476773798201740005462072247291096910619119410509333790774262072570461057954016819195195682237016634823
4014617100181465701775054953697719420102573860376968588430229723536957418028396409863878695628364581200214130204435051219695552
9995923662150908682939564279380158287700441111607726222291472481672861788611478655050339588555615320984584521234687823576281254
7451463346941792082220143976579354392136627715379752529027471716966012381538802459409604897867012386933986500209811720725405141
5447700282385988297313347229401494009078606483625633850809103068410968238448493407439403040224936061985927544263475630989480459
1276956495071860259959641422731621493130581830343261790000300846232499293476144299954615667025912420799180581171607386310558493
5072567626180671481702538305209899197776259094898315797269647260887831166441294066368414302707370453117631015362578331461379694
1152681127657219064376008724117880126055071670561685874051473152694654802783634954044854697360607744867225915714681210070391625
4963921877303857727536312369203728666152509364270556408792999159107647346567121427484742607873371889230959069964077737186080579
2539117036539210376394880318723799879677288248068497337514544989379323165067241670457629058952981263712005132132192204500173772
6813760519782616773952896216661044250831393786872842763541388164566337619519250295645333112400558661044316307967715017816016933
2537593940009216399181185307950727066601997003943463162691283637037387944868769661465346762713541328987499170590124382561225808
2775885197315288545943935069058879566010060299863101752754477420864624440405321494564586899592105748495227288314078895511070581
5073590254176183749859074321316849201765757369989203202482670238574028719679448337609628523768999643298161243528454637871645997
4654524903507892912886995134469509913539767744116890388991007614902224668150391846827264198768560243067636303891131378158227338
0324734826151939630626306117202466456571054839140771329647402994885021118469683547773949974151585727386291916309232652285623776
1825578079957905035730446040937650014976367810409736691475746813209385827351129150863065044732028040265416217520597270250595073
3855654215693196726130528392601924163490164258356468808028166928343554047073423362885338439044483545871577569335583661986547054
7793570955613127244841652451443245937038624291178210631123294830620894480548406463322651814043971289378075631025886964612359732
2535751039273171851827163526482017707846468207349048105786558968816006070754676314714316763865097547820424829616783998998577881
2844480806501005182020568712353744447818200854387376634450572497810731969576672980314852204195217762355809650187750497828976590
0779679209849300532787708183193857610170295918273464149221680774855800423860839661690361920242424552243626034568783063475060030
0715723560396890811677256708000602036818903166537471742271498254161510038321801193648871563911124555662395779532361864351019488
0796637275901473841659277764647010680246421160415288649143217531307967149087210418850695712273237810379507829287822942082290828
2503374558287484037225872566037347531382781922322502069198289211129714070730191986360007963273941619249637438751324038507743444
1257552500220289953409007738059857241268432142060119245938800646680659562080913958426385782354999183544917531229451796428251407
0627725746927523912542272514587614535547975158991752064909670083277315643027595358743280831654266470167938798514468394097718636
8318980485800264189777412075113224818829974167411737699158537404003402647667510002613635249834073904159437111364326870286724933
8736390761693005617348059895960699070609999931133577397987040270060440645814471436005094800905267014783073740415604380803498206
5542024002024944354928529036523594800851472969896531771028010643441490945234844042008320398276632902810470392426566175025658836
7031032484519885828134561441713514585691824451116624144085217816423547864679125010423917860268671111391465300826171047260397179
8220783551779338773320989765886440391559510492663544076020535514257589749352990988564034320388602959557187208585104844145026439
8020438087951116022977373383495534674635129594766601601387483705748972280627013851396530590121458524210171753315286548207527820
8153810125605918943918826453140421737748512940456044065444292520385926730447939082216173702077609971171912049413332448203544586
0886669881112435179401237673978622874656264303143999122578352317897806033193993865036799045024203333380525337357889563568831448
3748676570310585965679075167577833926365276411040601559021494474638574451420952356408036362315997810486031449429712897242856220
0680179178809075888645900355703866665848623566100723748395628721560414660071214664781095082893581316152736759533950009932003975
0830073511229116156443164078334884149650348116571315260656550335371524295132896582152314795929439939447827419494358066689706173
3038785789686019127115381229380791436051546935860047229508729818282744657378118473627065099573727853891404083449592265655152693
7387679714798835215773140865910355708661822160467627107526217765214393654304740207983760504979185513943991488603347106187504836
4959345618457216694880885929572868404119594959297665383045694122211724921300914575522725438253647266552305439505601459584619177
0467037747326795908961510775114924268777468775918327644966642534544042676564308146590029193764372898938024544197186375500357840
8285890907673262212647988009259010379723054727978121814340184295658072413264615156697842474728575585169324914900743103535246719
8911662589073033021628854642652750279152366994152376376433694906661951714454207190114956328995857009825646477784015810868978338
6105850627169563438884040914539421660727931317710596144077279839188308966168911142486835009941100149861369756674171355191560490
2993431983320455272922883788672722733898158280538086533775288120030297726075605253307507669239723828996651212708874872223213527
2383871203918607138972250186349539349163142546547549565946027359258489597478748862408648058675393278207850385093331126182621573
9149363763947487276724850656041160743708661373179229186384365572255499194358074217364047819850970764281787263423869876082053909
5827019270739581666492975342346328261479975112685223225619643483040396563898673337995672909483700478627244101352870984979237732
6998285824391825859392150613924432428270654497491969804735086552708299672203935039153979762171440238901122660133544046138761976
9253330844439113156612382643124565174653829532487393981769888635312756386927331059248556801164857640315799609889660186200071275
5612390497528583434894505132668347409216226770741805847223173711771542665456899372500390460954330204857624315915587829701045748
3597132578062559495102590042788395347495253649400865738509995118091093608521019322954235222572297567318636643867386469580449507
8425515407736939284693677162137557410259923224830338231554842919234034510500493129925331580967001474100531060588153614511993338
9601991297057389436503665001505251866564553593237174176487901010113004032749058341666775216970685449376017846133214652240838962
1863773381844384208184694104858797647539515137932214592371546918752008772143433088976967184397882651789039128762093118018510138
8436667156247339295567342218063358078249911156583296510351786615409192064411950727914656163850098232887122260394676405120111886
7683313388786537579802951656666063632278774842670516448032010207156251926218292168775800210222391153956472045994503212219850049
8209641417161775663979384085179876713787424866821458112247475298894421880117371699371735285979992519666751909878379569083863705
5145614759445599831570000861590726100099887859826097034388914355367729544959518374514940678332048394297378845981970826760413852
8761767120217732947982706113384060618324856798940745761981931692821487049372786616858603289668185012412091827806837321112104047
9255297129664160944098264261547065105677964568103165093339743646349513755899758152316922927563473869566225326724560456097296052
8120768832977744822631836021474402079390526097477803448973026451821196612519143995594879311933463926655409414749552006489267940
7017154772060236322937445448043347707331947096778317016923510498198624836901896034874919545286197554142622789268469355512048260
4180409321511968885143370514200618650235742405287713769661977834572569077057120974054874981770237845015640851329981775003008191
2674007147813616401003929214576628097932821870524475792725335810151140502429235053500438517449175945097953478389066531072308154
2478433215760250770512406042154394331540911914042172939884164584979797404189940441889258451913067147217070836370940898306980314
1416691061574950251933857581530784660502363969157027453652188159283670553356947339926944472421121743170291855577403109297001923
9846364489252978228078702013876774947354134510165101268064021721322665802683013959144338916544348159574015107727356473797086745
5487580365242793847184389294498037980764980441864399341257536426029899353090372478661527651346349015000812904186890490170512422
0317001187750772629199900746610544979042670580491329322209673449299816557793150957519344382208574308527216206006597313873698350
3641287214039996737900834675182665853779449596351604582635503134884649233644728626688852457677654231608768591360986911023898427
6414868015450446904060895609231719309486232701910101120865147273052264604064433289410480856555673255517305129013544577242362891
0524147637426415811762515415524550268148125432394280267631328443360400295790051752698236429135771292548014257090019134991791562
9227410989021340348714125220582535723860559138846179511512191891037914244234245126229571603923532773311387103298341477228375501
4041581080402587294355936437638145699274625343476210354812865278292813236740766242635378473283614144250925302804707242340663339
0724867859827673965725683173043844289022888248735884487800477685080844896245015920731492673699852061747889861151283779392092379
5909276888786182094219448158615991460321912732697015860009933234510620643391119454097956755043612428806923128306819132701862789
5863973408297121204616907602368353757254965361693796331036727921299882051062544545347637276552415740930878434572627384251645258
2609867181490019825132280383807303218611438271972259358234476006167125808789720811193408861105326321587061359193074883011503250
2053550365140441314774770422273440770268402358845803831349391590570354084402287239858709867448417600167758148787965827714400727
7156914133575985423380170082307013620095209686338890246264669241382877333719091759478776099336392938215841439510174135934515390
4831194527648288858829733221197151800308714018772578642206404911045931696147282373784233544435117870290316107286565703640910861
3300965303400428799995252612196866095687126018105212822125411581947708785019993474053195560005697252054488325120896486904066095
5685043938431323336868482886553258817526871549549389321696880672458619872963868160503420041705844727261813948644337640127844475
8437858633093280150489850618743229089133908480393577494682517449743840953324665700848231841040716763791338769325607594504384201
5092632498177396936492730922026153200701191354311511401621705191001018224605697557158822145660532720002740219521243300566753090
0884695364629948365817606370132571392316227842180869160712531089788912972870842630687441550199592940590099216041036498458331435
7030125885795773170445439886698551870214797580800884149092936799091801845209138388276070168782087225547258102113578759536143915
8807215865608701057987377248776702944861046260230342503936276411275965656745488818885694005475308409675094846381271540973613956
6869008153507650455021791206721217199858946589909935757514740552973399919912521587008600090842850454930346920106313925959869436
8747302342382237757458390343882591560184411401946674013753631245032512422678856746902092711874356365404625893572768808561925896
1816616401614372016489584185015076832989812362352963164309054653174766477426767816672229374164734973950570074316503361323429424
1677262729710288413972124464110274430459973064690910792449284824422312855723898793069294265613363135307936039462077553033385323
0904814204574628728334178723557725337676246503641550973591704771295724843533583760990530372617065538876854581885105724368370399
5318034405787225786821497050581659615205871549939335953839157390829611482749151979571742480565357809673956661177238715716708421
5050974915162203984880371984109598616980412684284404767484126024659745317958728060034806278671739980663056141392010690752871879
3910704359349884254016812391071406772666793577154924194799659346664635964157482006918898999240501149700799097400684650477119203
0922138102426301243886965897610590765176893150415296968278489084200960754236095696787157337789651225430707548067049568646321905
9034532106902339573322445743023271918597056331210862099117907113669633072759130199009133076195985791779283506809079562559701881
8961339360352958868430789580169262538709387737102199957461921100064868143051486287683576990974108237901843716454745741895109283
3895519300319620380905559168583475674843131617139726705719237185238119833221024548683898215318859806049104445070815116282206901
3205107673082159654286800880087962054713784047147807335322961266542952563116519811400145837980005316237797804651103815235446781
4645211086556795731679627686638624553276782440503123281227932461374131645478394881186841410205689089468850242938656791425398127
8527652116361873059872046061450470630778597394637649835734537239971727675715042761592888819669786191505268650105293343814467234
4729851960520632361339165114787166123924351946142914574237488059076517558856540707604936767815825051810582920267228276662907034
4922524498676764577221603274496474839043188887553906964245432382389882944444308052516105844797654740378920402689234115734188908
5209597697295900954976185802188459574638626316316754990028635919463918798002460967253179124238772322245122243876066379489508079
4508289933039159505453489164861720999217265104842659882479905333119333431390108947303039851217725991104705191344280222412086293
8069168568134508776661939124641765187854999589971548041638843098203486147656735371454412494419404765242018465434846607552127178
2927086453284193065980223266739988186690361081906781869605569767794118257589865157784413584255650425147523732344110338440580815
1748049647890769557692421227727549481557775151410048868814718985045151061237011017099100528551045245586497019590105694556854099
5925541326979395577276086387515399363166724218914221343444459910602377753889752768375789640169881596578910501727353216027189265
0670300499827706283025120061244353545380543254798985391943205942681540582832008582661334249048815794102101737939011541318568554
1807401946172440506670841188965007674553832019157741404977051650612570825055419487071388288683499429125090172081236081328128795
1574208400432062514192736694804153587958619698259830513687209529110862276181211516095950235354568516040903749851761677661305637
4121149896620030430814848794433445919918770329319490730619096312332656236065824412598168467443676868836685315118978623516376785
7498488621509709129976594981432727530944618723741457356588286547102533914121132990321805599546945869002131411100756554367181741
2582026542886480869734858959495104201677107827620049653093381222272376273695750172303884972292405628020932588645381010082785621
4289447606077369793749546092089501817143072386741950941157247080345113014329756464038358626070033871947884567651488044623905631
2542825564877135509885226287724296817068865459213301536696178082552402072123707396192496897302967815948042943248544343979991813
2226470997115317096784601264496380718265218871198752715837658374418501244345114451866417686910079224568758319235433015428196960
8662720543840647608329817530425275416788291903848716280076563958924728751343578053506896388100895823567897044421928057610378475
4719351914296817015503837199703117466548446025449281302558021903566930798786374684451211437854302542934198900108681526080958767
3447640954611982803365820977016952430036387460526610055495899354375691830575753318086903113772624764685535267168082007345740305
1797213012073375178436558221355605782112077809669165249433528557235690262339894762165301931035587761808175461223039297448962130
6950060736132243209446984212914140861957832417030579738364918001660026811196800334571314378298274260059705895036596817108824926
9243829747951735931284002210476722019445511064984030772651417194277223668272106134988724834976681779756839767862454568373306618
4177035873387789691442645602142232402697759139202124087044601161733861189197322918438352811683833924407803890384828993570282474
4594126055178872656922618774167034354795564094725497124745719061896909861368756961278327080697512762579612758334700763137442983
5295668887669717485226390123467973887358507953479829153694623729169375830523050788966597377361980793027344718171019365784257200
9888285370457729318303943315282858750583399490083047557333008218529891417381026015175475841289968239416942724745429537867737999
3215943066766119309004524839024701086312759322446215895076113158100056596170634794503064752363481133827922180405978563689758589
5959944414411467463305736849422386192090664596675188756343645002538240622043092367067855848705606619349233737685916244645398642
3415921462522850660711019463447810831161516098186857649733922254277645246597288489872824421913456035668900907466154510857353878
0820770271351282269897729773480908180216209552917101530859717823023591831191252679348064887785178954716044181664367902784712050
4837078657362119194233933526772924288995857318513107274934487922952892071107573280347076419494020490239809987105400407903583211
4566520950673320089105623215464822027247924240083971798563728505499902175676964769999078225165976694000667473401833118202304025
6860738161875565205941822290237567447513259073024464364524976929966835518792473395436546988594137222229184152759954076791794830
3322947265984158060992158624663708425488918876383348951122905125836522038089874259881383269124957101134232722838965307585611944
2514815461210894795746476799700740431234580399243562016925036790171527515771508119826976806830254109945111480181093741053447775
5733504011133442490826886677777865571712956442700084777358932735387221216646199198889278425501261656719619101527490023033629983
6816820665025994462583833453804933866931009904653183983658207938144775757074429801900721418490709180940459786270732207357575723
8952696642268346283355069787962809893365964014926493914452473794524489554221368619837559042723108457610361497745820672215991860
4686726618791630599619015305428791046600757619220375372642195506961581791667069381025833026424470965152344317512976704970780861
7817535100493702359961847958187008692676255354707895369219620793484182638707169828174557995935583658475438688352992259510602626
7874029548817067666626239631331985390475404826024086339339243583071276348104332609325698630718922399423989995185805657290031135
2250809137006081215712604683009748641626154723738138936917095298080941105465629041740614734952469019573555032467949707456686827
9015780860040863502309304151201467772727168204445161990634325579174702838004535428730659838209979201561616665321137059277802195
7650185512550554196643188069669262493680280748343975919639135449289335914799374871448334387269516977974949025899212288538454112
8893662379603774306702720358700430713868475310661351513479439829552220384722225613968805831874918699875259504799262267715048953
6970047041565543406988313458814942522252185061892588920654751003945616453031191382091583403673677641380943374412110595010134653
9871101512999920825593895837672777862350486799080847951285270490204712290524251977042420133385216867854292673426124017430550114
4761750275074356557669956909154179090706612051478635506091941757942400068895124161242203046266249256221284982009220935209300242
8708015446206142670623126732884105024418284851295914904738375122444129503796268180002105711502782904456582492253779456800326918
0613210293625239057781585677639979950255289284707390038337154693725678298193172844000279478330485593483147704265272812526895779
2716164189514060813320272610067774089300292554132648786501937337701166054949053895064937132503546260829302791728809439780621266
7313188607076954454240146509025347232689443993903699487707438769611328865209183398377855897661913914996316621615825549781446347
1784361684093575880030474001414660619024654155783784777347697077774197795864389624206377564266630250281594010870492871026068899
1515638387019036333906018359538519902111800466842577317066502746814101599618916383605825219038858550204877062732542814333739145
9220084992150752811004335287492444508585899566926596972214201784424729857471199982968054884285888711269768545472118962801716609
3225729665605184922610258057387753797602084282592399424014307116412082926636660405157448703031528431483170813038850013412917589
0896837209572767267939653527113544043129466184693048843785638628896239995824306624383959725609177449846462355536652421863726297
6350549459745687058464464835566280558244152696093628407065101518502946110700562358545869437041517797874386126356678480069546762
7437438880206605630925397821472561939196877744334362718590301519068712375301433711985727209285202108430567240861306104506294438
3997013218626793371442945794751768102167128014691257491799130532817890787884088430906840628465718832537193051422942089432586522
5767261809159521411906210527732505137517003452232973525892796163942363843586179566469412536807588910846358095073973053136806664
3610420406657475104037145580225980872688624964111041381549594329404718245302720059446156211318636072750134363504069278172819616
6203445793416289171078116228949526537345367573758934511473904862922585007326728074024526181186924979509692268351022430367531902
6396903617968213357545062076755915835538061764765669442173658896006627193712410945197598872950553456423579139305216599382954077
0380250815827704962815549731957552434336266476872009617222288199268494650352751383734703683895685962764217150385921949138345511
8687569627504118278687806727964146837523838460065586633962532325989849682060922414609471208083225295893531164710651416235932804
7419608622045901350837303269139752477969857182975189849619797931283834755645259685017775129366698872709262322484867769237487261
2446574648357299934768068561355356119075191099390351323266829442188920299959413380468532819783426950868690325166385302101461953
4690378580819708064900475904899019106498140395743178471011674929320871266333196561704778715716963538368801024314408279647276339
2089232113041890885410086998151297290297216269518414003124742833718798363559663862672468722436254498875698485622178498338429914
6550115139019878137719854465346267455296956376622672210869101826618943385242099068657285404811000189142469975735597865828978322
5550336328979484745931555695487878550858216320770924583332798110114879836414978841309407295358874518788123614542792919395667790
0067101966073227418786203809533671075851186310058420930636457857938955159488144881158165188969895896949949174391923269110027161
8258211496051765933329722240348370716824091139227581167499651455166693356343053246387421021603939871942981451611393932490380081
1143232998448167618984488431281685110452032295577636699995232387576558530063365443650214541186195345336376561664260667081107636
9153874053518331378425571758003432585952239206770799268110257888073536748287123822972824857968518689632999374391956653833541643
5746454771428065810576182766708428737462219904665952012954717596322305804801076045993811560187169208752861306869132853087960769
9312948167988600676884786283729313554222793557251794907465964089218336400060941052967060271657136677975942167674352571570304004
6999898093303477247632176216594681728525645905467929567402604064471637964034911185817952376210008390273053006469300379255866531
1000632388106711156678341302292429215991586500122697419661097904387224375829260375948304920442750157857268831027577641937349960
0561600453741069995026478401094735925203677529242298315347820295756013844421038599646676315356655360880496025651231310731701615
2967967299264819933654047107088552569694325550743639578846283279457367587777819171468331383302126179626852498959303153806267304
0993137404276474214149260182488025202243237418254946278036864473980040065830274036040054866953015031416924556900973301250401325
0611401987313671825312920644599670850377089684826838922442681491359233283306670402386279700142617583474055662080523345059224691
5939710996631567268204735821745742750433473750474145824948890280584535509141301239485088599010310179272128880118496394992466934
3357460688499765569727929892732936606129832020628130664357730146150594561279515636082352905831482949527411745350155774277195108
7138561333287682465057643618887421608272303910896561253448290571853039520359195699641420904384787139962581486218527455895010235
5098065276517497532201660511210544476729427289544804994012760004734407796257346283172974549503877915741488118551582294732680387
9918245303994525211620190522775746453648980603544567886385199869862202445674868474533709002221515555801308081350907650459178667
8721390287975913893819238889792260446828081274233551710328471981963516819510944667867602212793558775770710289206007250029862895
1280952122455041043530594319244152931145497436315530258653194357643115496210565410757613267156777417895715618326341142914815577
7155758483619829149138641241642134167637824757268284393191488835351550697663275036059641871170325362834558782380774852273848821
9812670602301209189800121141901793479005817704022886493550881027819499284489381378125534965938777548562514868791510874667018247
0362874203793328000664031717659796956361927785166994482222033051420000873310315385500469809294516134684467763731164514267312822
5076794324739899424289073581881385172449093717540058394689713271226423655501988369216296397971568827556688651950460247532081671
2211691279142831153117347297369818334578478434502829176759746633980926915557525626263924160377780019382684610945724739361356924
9219339881449560885105533284707871200679261887421531149034514599874409542178946360778835736536874753087132328398630153344208176
1738323078966650030040964282424869456011617229198020575179773319844636313591780039750411848469791355249483448877218482996481058
7662725242856974627520011178425574682734942204257582618062074645522175607162830607624141450906516065750218377963070171888324843
4118042284044277227029777215730052173836438075783336538165120621022353806541561734384066342123951846452650796265263415816226504
9577454228253953925531431429190317095770965424733462598360193026659796995068726322946365945449373804244913417484873047389958047
2530447003714965976379236094037411278014717964765934254550861704945379408174897820528178412885512242072953354276409893858269606
8161920683332117194434729439905850512943519462231619259091383414069915670154194411541846032268055950920748136328515080957772524
4455001394112823835403683958904433147118332238523201500644925421808301905477707785391327088921953707802405649821266420465223561
6446522347006213132203935166470869874136295692811490433897687621265910913874552752126752166818595258011990560857727236113871905
9408818174849694926607806886600067803753381428797382723099805698620415041534972953179055866017711870699147517868454045402246335
4135626065428509052074741682443536368971147858952760160985560880547769122981012756994845114634562103177568847660082033374741355
6629483302659977998713743227246471116209038004192175569114510152669193408163108052671223081581651955384894038833735367319970945
2019914369819713476232512996482094786229436696697562766992595975532622307992117773104105916821954959122045124593739046172932273
1444770368011659028126820519729159232409884803442212877208399135578736969682832974964729860145229172744181374244786183467104294
5285602663449673777986234552062489192832103368544537902433053581936823853505740285888319749907423551259460167786803225430704894
0644806832972865011089771228494426041526498427256197014809301589227000243312341210098122668991020924989347084902763173739593342
8397927825150753855181618641584202156450292633924809550510911217351590362959737037094558684222129548773410325105794129798697578
2130742130526719507540424131716191473755652175799405630787752600339151530661377691130274509280084673031861647779131553466473489
8949445645797314751748458206320095870152672752275260151260265707878555413048057771903238190200758654160960860864191150393477626
1150155207111417862229200794999414320488018094694431946879621916439109486610009948685634866137188097525670175207351289611083094
3459879841467541763732336521769192414341573430800023957612803685733924880739274791648569413015334203212412056584388583105695911
4207107909576145869607620085461426361544959409669769028641359260476393776996951928885197026584290166920423018039379739461412804
2471437021597594937922441016847924078362096363319644062767483944790539470640965768192086646725793415577156194561524796709562342
2281835051710898850388364318434644955789879751829726732802303436684019874264646806723409567549761608858039525219541663231620839
2007932711287625313296243751903200023005400873291491556838807519342296983784742524733445763971687078693207166472588686547509634
7628738900800911617227705711930133205924637233313615650647097515124961199263711780307927527262674727498690057241315682922136505
0493387404859274797132212785618181333173806092520644500400240017059008198178246301124430115868753110589721037771703980382573162
1169775643061410030855660308847307357939679557417322697395889694976054211267593984893969933792226845025198715121269754643254572
1728088919686607770305974714811474045083911324960307426887087611368014116902540202262357011208475439646884185432232498389602471
9413509858059972641349538923181108900150612516616095667778909942463828217847216087159443807284569471198894585206492715160193699
6728843665008266563029199158801993529576549886997200057517865461162768723429256920925422142043184781462681238742660537092344889
1931599731390297037090231505612731169969829636622229470099002019655957459951531223643763907113518395449915860761987492535032339
5034107674301251502545019517381773020837552557746624579624919732008873147762835295630900229992866373514578020722517390727520774
8983019600230774694685639778625463724553591351398381775880431832781553934906986888770789153951456721760712116772577734503027958
0722579888130638672105073329597090462417149082738030373661949401575813793082783579270436569787902655097641040401368636813371427
7854245354370422693429496181630052949425191073877308843275368739572310979470712820505147110988781661197587183674125970895995542
9743873036934859621564820909920160132335721185173809848423866981847229831790016569684947679721801847602901060080188329396305906
3397337816832712119749817143233767742905059889912076656163289731022283191890667300707504214144077245819520343407565716275839778
1635431146179533618869624816029047896887367730042516939278216433734900869272992829571445669607086349418935403567352277456520703
6762725385281999872315155129365300727718531348063401770341896591345777984146395511533572557918080490707700609701643325567678181
4555558906784569913680220888302706502231120206554070127879841389783669163314482027219519085496782129580409038602612227824819543
4625553964652973015688630098326028308371988997070002772661734916972323600534194087341555003249709049635157603584665553841867805
5469615145572204179649517877754736243473051237336198742915870594247954290354530866927776592105619674425818013502199456960100742
0688295929947456127268347042202884584629259939771429635850789571181349570944477662818026788804604769581716692572546910654441173
1781053017263760670442837500622338443773255350157040419311002126378320391255428265011649731680948453211623587016944241093429272
4424881884807343597741531983608658269276205760340198024603987236049280398955549067330598233254907076437393855435114528768763737
6402747544261459973943024136936806092529416389402993987239813694282531255632557296852083229095761340348625572700195393957513287
1528386320984169104784676953231416483588713316281109988780398093348714641247346320098277064757682809088330401558069087928359793
4836620934876383780592087107373057072272745160875663949786761387509864704698529847777036861011698566433232612309834845364039380
3575337583851040701388845815054721473930456788213430385395140774983959957647809720764167375524924858966015899435919948180069180
3727628368963430480869218342563326331182798677393171005831460902561217359479597768311004931085102290184621530025879576836660947
3475800984573188366693910563609274312878602294132115102801727644998770488363543862638723091471157432089891694987852322137790631
5023683657353497036212732071088147337120821028934424904568945720202766911488162370473709710449329167955152043455364639983165681
4313458074953427422966761496213154547288857367926863109897916806997328848306557928981283734566043834603735209469550380544603011
4769534552591442528339142072463485535584209788041390319662187991947284630203143273451030277553655546597381665676996289780792291
8029659403865541723176070298858179302484672898090770785814054293418165410123040143090326214914018331298053460618863938939353357
2504331261837289138046426704519324433487258219679900506483638261532541113835978749947580235779347318410118894160450785891787503
9154332931976583483472163920590162126815140207546760699499178902132160947370072538150136322051659957346811166868803166980109050
0222142484013400331297859576897114613785020913334195683798252363342695111135735081039945217905782047137997143182303582893239120
9813120425348259494442258981684713118897639132890990099359593568005985530954284388860261356040562648449500126432442951864251191
9491055336614888264152467342246996843863880300943314768116172425467094897669780084992632583894436406804533915530813948074710378
5125880262000217074108251922916601396846452955978383367381037097928649700928330600429463193168987527289334840125068384753709726
3250963913544985283516074025079436289530032965000091704733601456641384410110473920750483277883697522865698072624602352586775278
6909533273650494192857472271669762600062165210442469141500817398520087420757013742072500281461753556164642072928308813935348280
4807129228896091173010215184046472764333315290810434138260279373142369497015166184160402673619706065463269358547161491925056454
7992119117554165493880872181423830045252323577778753354174393490633929436643377607848377532573742197373252323683113537849603683
8841806293434459100805456108210596607134914383853585818153512788887296784056237782465358856155449499271949927041469376892328564
1632152697497520229603928059316997370226452543375632335002549957119486189260078571706186257203470953055703949967851861921520731
5864396596718182058160283419308429964136934231008821382389697128204242562370820069167753381761875728312424003987892871207159646
3666084774918882500462621483992172725824109862896378199142479129987559328773744933469602552905906375001745899273316469658254151
3498338535962144862096688449703329334091149790999664223656029226119319000718124150843673811902580542556051470065598276315050434
2588642538822153267060185463367170199110995449008021906678609426788891572594252587471982661988824671301251499893937578926745391
9319707795744627065170409664872689583830132047201026242383522246999299133923376128562725383185342894837098008031828134646969110
0671702811161136021518386108886822361915633677386996222331112492876474384896788653692739997207795179082317779078270838374606210
0529680562308620614160670757652951824510508056181488035417621544956335930822186390269360882386498654576366806627786546389748223
7121344007162987446407144751532917923911603613369296361423444081791345960568825786153422255467670330488573438324604236300940295
7856126749900534423962976560155869500794418586760356971148877729423323229897743690930063998855496652306786264023420507384957613
1115472217398806310578221635364703110916537667405172225846214402717552527160481181622222803507823937807179294058810167262993525
7733396618045594337624445678237438829647882527257597412143681872681853625778555809127382419530057648275810262641644934924071181
3613929384294435871056622853422519700112176582857461049491276578382237331260522744886532614099866550813707901946900039411643678
2471863854966531804604197010815017888282961247506056635263741803813648407515388558830396273074055989597305977778886391310447068
5772682018682680181055188634541777077934406094474845232952841473576584969574909042981622739932442934509311768673906919851347223
1971820335809415226886329944736554280331033759806916931583970783266805147633904060778157532814909009520404718412464333929846412
9304789467519446866413824868897777103238294214707967726874145548954743749977770022421296628566823077488711722686581183789601459
4520829387352906480220193366391017100275344244933837568936172706668016811057327408759076674979685576296077953383462420493700931
8246906431343919288012465266462141639350962646993227082304804964566869105156074039984736745415005176673660764795387467919402546
0186162998111273052854513690953012281012706484313894676418003816742150384731546652072390520748548343581415404883693106949598503
7407453409468893649012012693295080963235028162714227398127099455397823529445343521263605978197734068303737481555026299674237511
1229395187707069269668822522188040767339600015117257223444650130799671208076697307072988709360546665590067811729152682754853792
2543283984004058807502208094435749036903952553879602762556029245920852075326946498509084553554503835502118795067551626235164267
2007797747581357604343336945727914338356814330722751353631792234077965818274628997502349441503414970786616526353391356822676384
5194656346701670632084824377074289402109258239302810982753490912710811175011533673266509733689435108026608580234617657393376969
9037146495591802460947583581948869619219502922722697707400434384802310554421740985009894719409552319891457897233615461251631720
3990697080273078766162376909117528749470352764935216917028329174981312070290561402015804824976866738329336998564205666524939715
7848352778978178394189920640395834604512765967920164240559275230242580756053219581598506048812354481467677378211973577424576951
9532477816991813127692436491685156204938010748592475096875883131377908630365761647389532075843048673325944084338736570456096797
6164242821944626959915759190590818947629953857895701779138738262444662644883838599728736964664029753263536337011632748825080378
2817015241236739478928849304183816788634913242150862112550226668153792859950263630837585979285928908928017849179569989536100198
3188299380080735588065637018955883708261980780287989654193640067585824757814983887808561472404025858752559638368589207857289458
2148159553153805396206627740954877447246881212999958661604167091735503989349952300666940107138834649908131455364478740204253214
5183812867943299697018327767670320460762394440257519747758147645570356514775758990004394658301628734229570022912960712413921130
2264795742893091605616321707447640168594382931899898384410937459110317820561426704161424031904340033048159158399357351652777596
2139572365125527551258839222311219599103367463992672950511023648604600231272790630354961828455031402437496547839035832950304233
5563173043827945218120288721053385228256759107947287607765533263965688120561373605092351078219345874822210656978425318969319770
8518350618323036588967937820117667974812517069373788130975907844737917546000454481446588184420492343516807727330574227463796535
2208092079415381688598883619322045535433174373692220944523386140424053570720154062384759984606718110454232154813303857905183459
0403764445312406400743177177292964855962834587085077838226697948324657642954983884229554291774482754430895940798928630071520949
1218078030268093244894387180566099112644808636942463725970271185753041625812549630461585448271241111674252623627152709755765524
4640249030477405125378434884747349008061139769305596841781606951188241867017869136729477063722445205619856063985162910427240398
2909590245662898324814954125183873527735419113049232565629860534526664160220755933343864533662307471463902405211409478015729764
1532024154051612895466466141175266647835257739963433595273778351297990606120134172421391748505385924656782899507982823237116066
7625676430217706141880242765715903813773188383257526213002250997251341961521914541749167347954676286972265765550795698115431540
3971204449523415473814450392924406717851351635913252062373246080376997499866289003353070967905385783507116089156113219681812229
7080951492315882179871809720207741914174481310077398153033680591523295504167580131795931815413662606081970038126846874489797367
2964040579217611595547760234190477290346436427835968877980338437548172752209833653855504469466390943293257324156532489625950388
3972616808815375498057586682316341344883202169607183819718037286789995473261003288017415010063837288806976576286819527639032681
1290138051725002391039102512231630818525813814320415691425261417707087230623051869853213472687397101016144678883680930245168423
3850834662586016207855419987088023334696460550057253060411826174208076438814838201928582833181083830814307068201908029863175971
7944749902703521228274612063687297856087416799604592533936372400167341391775276233906976252493497295192482610468181988345091916
7011096175582468584236690812621406307216715768647084636075068364924266221366474623044001441060540006895424513815585241978347109
9612362696533734373153334851655466254197093486211639205861389987966709302035551682330490724447416578042696870553662285651851441
0111552534765233442760444257765948564305822466469203165903339169326584537556214779726091179725355707166736526121645211226756106
5885039259881836616302187141071464709494663689251644989212209295897461744225634984400183422383926438027326803031066696585257111
5396579069429715251643225942479087285188610492026082322649552644481241838275988175206718743351678720472794668564948833054357449
8688233606386980591001497882755114729508367160997540301693192893291539036951478433163921320714186025327605130043325851253234451
4872214673472278544834646890891722960548978190052377730643946484747055518801507106492936171927846554906068388153908514485343068
7214840374326612339276352609419398397127314205763710059777054421447567554750695002090543962570373028396055745121721373269382936
4524482436241914482911352925071095921316760701089039169544052169552093783128384931032814298463081577630793680822839743941613795
4223734008339327317027315036935919017365387705335808468598641390301926191406305147914145568155445735877807426352454856646393111
5101170944379204574558835956241764204898906557725918071785044288986731351021322301083120247570462572136590876553271594974477165
1498954940338463049076496039744592188429182308195708965464178219513192666612550201124332096109168498851228361187923717360547190
2838593784210615507907908324852279814008797652951109874718831612968151452611605913542110950712021617053098075818112497307624799
9381906333865113269293243176861228537211612376105763917319466803899016867981408631123044887142147183129506705177986309824780722
5409043531218283220619747469806558139995337403975277796517573718341286548125289716392847076083882092014379916668361163684338425
1904893321014375227674131798347455361695847285890504332145250525132622615658888584205703776156043946440538442055020240373771823
1351830991497076875181168528408533516757044944191964801761366476485666222599596030732870772285002472325833568217236712614883027
7315021210616605619597435420913698876375528968662848736161937624720303296895982028335232063555260929924269983942028091369465040
5072200871530059327653441988927547294080741487165355628851444397293608964873155978474929308924899776875776153220999350338874781
7297806144047991652107617589673777407092234699017295323732250434070279346790076112443512292202647551871470787944370705490593514
8338680194506251068070541345811382066184901866943035469419313397753521282182668152084983612781310002659403231835343007351253055
6114581775690037701739519471149107309520083450078485755172388779153808947468636573364766942355736298359796132744647242525151199
7574059840087355237287159427555431111919013708861023222908038566164641505519732443177083128309239177653941203870945389834998157
0673474392377001399825892148070125779937209491690893896089896421739180565135864053866800087116893052683453216209088258021309774
4693630023596081716394525302256706650097913048822663453433130852833930985337805085115332988734054335391426675730296735748012109
1093024463171151726057935490277564245957695353097684106836395483499057575855912524860400186656839768087931489404973303617192884
7635877951810419014091014411375539957398983529537012020519286943703105851379947162885419241335326379003488660213681674994537920
7313912009934610962402221459721660669217906503605255214027757570091733853488694769091622366303142874602414314687218525998341547
1566050559171006939210753283371737704974135991991141945660050193578931524036467433476181347487862613613591250793557188528520720
8176429431061693107924500762483197651311460029641913001176379201100638867103309766025948024030323914130084770751860668764418979
1729648696441840023063291425166270194908270401060650039064514332458826292034060316832564595611388754933869606578691497545240684
5096948893204927421293649874213362565576773971352082850459718459918977951318599802521678656926223913450782713343578245294043312
3086541714606171194181739777107223773075014101828171109460641650405365226657056099487143258905930679574237317845176027548390939
7740302926757091096782313708390498469422515280866564744352174072524950077317896546008807496266670386420521998084434771204151893
5027934064208470666653625072824590692528078583512194513874229573957257382460729248431045517338285948895199087965965424240384379
4571860754401274665671127939865476298997613160622025616980368067727347277864838846767268485621173877779887690613158095362529635
6944876714447267999239762443038959101083236381747476636643523496718859843462703424789350147757356429745707937022796547995361159
1608685279655308172831370710312433300754386599666997983340912162248117716366440489547493562293368632280675661325251959965144367
0470115155279779686716584895721905617913807392365128663764858517955975388392843450401077964641050043314321327171303982059553970
6215103349524529478271694130462996515027440018395285605756916821272681672383831564950333676633547276622946473458222960324229716
5752661076880540890733587009248458903926085507327954333035749203073156883894621881819872469950016600034383209674501094959670531
1945586770541986321354980385963397070039734408942633942296911586196737659678600361467268366772660352728384921986880900512427348
0224298460720490332231265716874929497392701347632450314627063512555464017409367105505507132766860559659364230297395631822230539
1702023132625842749699356356536784362975613947059773629978196487288877402990298821674431326788769352305708774873068640207819256
0837874454109632180336808361233189153201698197837194960277668995755988025271886650717010166150668262322432532297058508033324759
3169311626099247379274799980132948823347592107280599635475818048919814215035606030291543579920124429871014029266938736200412702
1914619565140979302991699155094170839054951976790499833713849411741065459327090513567799966465721776223514774008243762437394273
0284830262288056137733605741424808121279641702537891966081045603173960192239888264018200262442793489277094386722616393425116590
1173151387211465492751444105592198529015440250049757464822160661232074007786672709170841572180341360083386765961004042180282066
2747834197332941363146926817441453515366505571978984487189489275517487274745916049268403158626553738640115381387510687487708488
1958762131814281375452347210594453320648975262319481726099981862965271971390001963271654018154213822420613244796687794506233768
5861590138913305751605474142329109238465204802867089486028021810232894377402829167243953763417451369079334074531476305390636648
6931736509544684644323440543056340368361669695138186889701847677102848670844548402669049251722131793379128120867567738961962646
6821092152578736586590175476051687813270318648206546383329391485549308897384882743702278026541948728683530021908873051239269012
3127870261792191598343155115866595959890760429348459173942873213248004394755219777755565345896164898508858847846745938219558572
4104690546998169355396414252792133064383123628337383872945199098541769741499506855287626343383400914652705990644014540006261236
8792100596328961741396764802811919634888917999468524631681735602589600555328679349075778614192998476904702613310979642799638155
6734793674993705010403616483433595873080508573310753327845752574399663353072797746592366100412052447212721125322772808600316385
0099515723538668132596125963466202152817452490708599517233532239221132293841708379481396652887673374586403485713968074564071453
0083805755888358130747915433250146084164753782259744459712819051842998158461581619972310157769421457011089633907439164606444507
7652876608005273562462370933960187647117519619868786042595158425921249718553500241273244226393132978251127763667423654542879946
4405249132813172389850479368504130884719811118887711374371841091799443512801595585892341132692059703325567321860246290919547167
6941199045895501309914547487559727954258599982156757774973817213033640726217789962907551298312065690327505399614397188477788050
5358645453073717607933338901589045055393757684759513577031387645637409945004898936885098068574782470685593557377991753572387018
4706013177574137609818422036943485331576839280415982210652357962891328244924452137995064340517319656166353370990119146719861836
6329505987385677903166233247184756000826411332850477352758018273420949926789280244169127178212529891658087198774279941207714390
1511370436371213645604523617727839098695940567432172783593724006252095799407942743832278211803447800402891197805298593983426545
3022464264863164058488714249339098231034997516428008392896433897781383885524218363385806736382055438093644340647396074293733782
4501101178543767329620885826562169899606635544112652117620964836027885674519772391619599940633712271697963657935450955634525900
6375010018855545330452050093482150077359764898798182405456683026765532905675606074372556178229924063905296358938093169081598198
8483257277634207523851089755598501951207216079577367620523344599612671928857960638762403403726285770712060711385777082614045533
8256451384331378443868986535492407706512110875647453641525322621598498933275339800741719049869908400644823204415096675208523961
9398321546440720870569872262936542811668490033035472870984698676634686438176528523891161540254323161470512628073841436944062388
7797071423711013392162710663609589623668119033549706301015274145920933018984092472146696838533855941884096071158160204252589379
4261414209517939560365542448209082777049757262017603674203052224119028323101718025778556206926756191607192650438859403548542695
1466289085237622991161102650836935979121797669268051582725264475273671975785294342068745493084363600896894177743687712147368123
9181597431483593985916614200861015600827448233462428138664038851972627461175903260548893373194383862378492912625568875647273959
9257826929421951643418775488431746425388390160227055490497812088985726596130954189607412047036836095076045019637105980229125135
0051088814685847441269344262748461773674703937437029964258894662753422844953047676499113437643607083551852374126649110465539183
9719703193787962011022241398606941751940065229976379345648357311141518661729448144028369831751739729767389915436519514302519528
4754705205114290966030322546625592332320235853494013451121235653943274561055976709436804717429731588488742125670116982095506624
7915307785043160782062481393173682663021526076353055172054644485732609943157735268019683657488875580064373381138013382280006724
1348120551409342824081918999927191374394809490457882851229963796819461455853157081977254041113267197827298870478281259789531341
3812065821388690082091959389908490155933727232741583927718485507099116748923648769090644447688804257458798099398350465758474495
2937863476645119756329442458144939324030284617554341982278719802555921010666415523070911564773110585363083165465312366738827231
9179756558387423308702990244249813252311594585173041207944901196092166608366163256489844497165091829615643175666074910233765563
6459378049219057988171618077989915820678435345205197081776728544947416949166191536837274889454949606246062308000247423136050336
9590694274127077084581072678020481871509177233838867384578103147792423645131300534630220077747270144036126808318115046320973761
0633314308759908977900550446703882605141401119276147159777634200043370016079844602659915203435729306675829065339742126589258345
1889317316284541412519941066954231638054475095114130395821846044209964998882207473650227876029465587838652109009674311273487678
1491201614697119361909884499515016131285970573442170426537294317539659125369759905519191669796894139802704690179128614455530965
7312991894729010255958350913145958890797364015827373553097639087944419042322472672141767845335817123220952073258598944857610720
1824787410780276399243095677626477613009119292679764840577779945279669981000204638159164277233130499426714911295485793124165881
3599221696151384019695918691913331345308102473844702422853474390767392532790500021180165318933884607342905862054572886894689533
7797578535955366187957171752724494492272818965402286074464704517072955420112819202222670121573771410655986788904078893257371168
3476992235872213742357632857624847275225481432286353014243838356580086497628026465199448029895990288276361657184717108337186384
7666621551208709893696388991140973902647787737649797506777580191326933697405674502023865297304974748640809764705859758691017754
6544825495307606554357924631329747091007811292348124154567821317868772060770803350068486092232254680993513246201748613742385991
6866165375349816659160016479507285079045466715841081115993221601429358066993308321907376618487248492349626318569998572862307928
2954124850369537534496609519161469912394832203382444510628904117251662671751490677012621979800464348066614680001698354593940135
0193499508454379205949576005154484505543366786538069430200252986165917146991374529470556848495722371613024998552648030029385354
6300091436093722524653066330745577837674427424963685925900231612998930766803747751089009018089480544176580489192755004987058784
0521904612577648015929532704786690696377674858853171421019639025087849558650954768145265982042719739087464082587058116910545924
2995811242507764873679857631100733041164546962708369112790103328792294311269786039292022283070742012101949352297665947227182231
0598910805263795572231168128611351576632001399408367899641814748409013513401170040370795100905848171920487777572798457368620639
5688904469919555388263250672582090539068694827337359228605791133091700320455439594271216798892203930514646320638691425342088585
8515424974655688512862245643897078195523156507477939116050565619183311712594098054858317849757764852624936019665610738326843069
5113156995533534391502169817952742278838176530218998980784387996273419179922080679783505603663683376521615832986618021979492127
1086319824275441488370793880965889728722603318901376609034648244802721809098732997770252918945517263258021059460064891744542026
1590099478966776519298307952043122519324124336024594288380180094489716784777893529727657815697554594607079223393500535902031225
7357641282650721485620638312466056185406173433791953981763404688139736645500991900862738958018055032882772556895285743906215162
1650489828204176805947705046005072475080530548765982426627534295084219207983407930870882583588364915870597364960371942080426209
4961456796449042167841011430036294492463136865448894885627513655748299627165496853898722132001299392052298889154231937053221092
9292679093929935825812492666003758036634836903177775163898869080980492856814299385978432904050294518519563887081873640579238706
3011512315941368814678516363524198263828364895022582836616309022291899256400386653229758118495144379060943664767132561955347093
7994582030787878507087359159314617931782658556072425334054967106060186618004693028010903789497198319676911594575116984344480865
6353605238667338186351983657599555627480760430658384201616896420757729940462911589836581183482303716623193619087127242146945823
5587627832512661518234488087236957525879895860979271923639746468639388295216331627000259398878042734326931204663332399636686573
0672965511904852366825996694902980930309250905369947812120763277890579450585046143580711709629358309790006863408567461111578107
7579999047873643551313574662014234072727914277127742448350969386406545430650595860664380236476144348769728322529154001617830780
7768720905776990806878980911933213548469388055876623124525549575902760321680062870410042191450149173795942693780209583496274718
7500581851674961002356261345542689400915034872242480502581980604450197467020488142845109390383270729947278076491900579496982299
2129690101587171429651661009917402506767801016536968984813683892465052790569498753467876499730105980696506174974591421872344509
7047018820490212289369541715584056487037206133357581281018603240803633328043751106808274944483601431153046581012102597333076902
8327884098495349573228357110403653478827808473415101824363258200250596339218554185491862934594792362506926494486378909931564949
1740056330174856891125669279294923651309763604203532765617783458152533228430452541997637109088581841891669514331609715059758968
4197367157825328214419156751555885819747937310581379204615061923091469679845199014292435432070508700023932922581376409143095993
2165125379005342133424590972755612895768392827051354709297231877589314385116008084334202246281649011825694669304551295469244979
4509728839111272144692019658264673559690649474179262646699331625117318888277703635865926266976720285188867979085670193580891875
7275477166128052446741208082801962510905074668975005769114065221711777393514237422266031434604625793424024653464475330291262873
0817046411197027445752205700663441451626769878011224256767794721900542448009071309280703954949009199107668829370562168637408040
9787763619368655981881242490879775693879040221802840519661369579710229328600940826654427779387311550329699789056384531195194998
2723448594543172549888888596962814780076107260643457934204621584814413545214573904777806106803313154411323713368897701260407449
8000951726014956095448794689858919573269714659606606617498924039765372767236447524498222062645212525371056330185170891625286898
7400634580995643373473457408678165048789850829161271772842260046851336944770097590727744202976687517001530085639423877373364847
6131960772116097152434381501203781193864171006504601138647645912125860654370952251962787439280635180850121164508129160794934976
8194796768491845741394186667260815254416308027847649620467735109219757947751470402197659639068665099777922925932497275155739813
5209664008657449547795035193830830788192397569777052795318568835532699855624203558168754541268446171707037486010417690857467487
8377976554519991606329945190868959375772837211176688945495596448296939525690240337764633216663866800325009183616688088580000528
5192787146614999641495067302066620692218333148024412938301229255333067720338121642154391246693289222550082295681213541896998006
8136852204722481664059335120578115477689164853072624921786692464359828604653937695373728935390680120663294293493176103289690254
1144435038869128719771735108732844672639943553994309593207501141582954078007058121278827020008994616209652065957537243296195065
0970656298377136326223895516660489631269402730038663872646787518014244370067321464425302758563853474605729399708299081361238244
0240779629525661769222180612134943092596901392802155389763359378856115803129803025504659400407739325825079102512268146609621569
1920020849630289059227598433172661405103577932866917079329997842631426173495463282180424424558897910324932519322784595681717233
1144193327801538649747431966846093543676528159861420323208804005782998653152702827377592130780075570401214786834816747288844424
7672000694647648348909906701159130777349487715893771185782393615180543175659863092467698777377397102350383295634648499503885338
0495630306491592179663093479474155305629241895069310776977867647781537028272341913619281785471238537339471770501056143359192572
7308837601725546836619910084602280257935558569169920782961917685472285154488319168403367545336906857013748237755825054290532894
9661814404701500878628706398803486793202614438164625925828662516099882010742067149392493627954571934045651513234013334682059852
0312168977557161126723210896500911203207572745509229840888786198868413208045541779692684493190694384662556740715047630385587973
8520266389063839477339561111091620930884162729262785462465146299021058533677470756448900131157092740484913244873616221850614852
2366892600338849323238354679971377016007007696850190096980341739336594207986799037588279474367471064265784394163814443326245256
4911325423638475961054407270474262985635705119625522856108931080012973303196967168739739944802380176010145279834846779349851937
4257810389850148158544144932315012034020829622092429506782620637342284858172415547207765264086812199822149360687311593339577078
9708659858477940738903030251204629213359548332123829955153191520032561522000846708640602917979387525987407975336034837147466054
8086930623135121532860695594083516763569498334428501641151038532550501591735570621442476271723263173645629791905305955098548029
2777352200022791503781001509067591047738954816120020121065054036180446105221458464420759433938919480637654297994424050557216733
4557327979787779116307153599001198923403057470538783746410924085722270113118125208362788921890249447415394699853853075390237309
4365884384429048241521760483369109759203884801440475321881130286288789565265074980716663859447668954490193155283240957032437631
2400761044210689572007006009552492603834440745618264315468884643834376009957185817870038205575856137576307667033965516109840180
9737040417279915834911486990827520959476936502177184234720809847197612305989565105760154340868284644203521456078055612096029018
9781808678278846885397125652129297898882169803910679237997846224593685450165476495607070948013373905740079438009246883252169515
7739852920294363425633218123401420673829295163516060432640021373043583962110762867984429100483394773437741380363822754539046324
0883431115446791272406513984118239461183841794345923431236238292749873478934884995894017966307053473725524062094771916898837907
6139386014396316197310075826416043562421564641768733346779156742528616231256212666391070181857228107399708720583287723130892055
8564495834035892079724353995520557131026025067703760714350598180164418444716168502414005579666385014431317699567383147791141861
2311406885413424305003701677451722846677377710768986204839545491722958560065098823523147478261771908820851989126482817082569115
9602340226869859614696378992497033778548537442058541618817057710375353486743749797455027651809309416058045995383235110379798461
9628709222162680949961060074815226201933096277151174310696525731658668144988286362519156716805236829848685383992849148064465103
9735346812240729849346428396581006547963793149866858949294858741576251512791660305611651687839731531035722282235292660633788691
9538042061855430905977346502656421504814621398394569363683719060626568625659708532699356988708790883640172621307887407813836364
6305019984976325257337569429166547690694053229542307273781369534773313407694544352991644928363693848808898178142342306260087117
1805704646504085604801764484506100460470712673185793035853367748681894021658904030806253312188697070560965442489042489792077571
2490985236219600794455119570755743690829793064352980492197865586952595298856978623488801799239792633697972577551080842006688049
4451839628325290929728145285465077829042998419941805433824084767085375358192064592570165051059371791323138480645291403839150350
2979438318932849641805788421308077401361414307061802172300131888869924632094305534351210554801463479850767128364891176166829465
8872921500436141106816138238492673770588860037153870977927285412564501357209059187194899313386454964167921543412282921398037659
7636485131279033828460677166640282160440679145358607334279812434544494120552175807283800350790566307285400625724030248887429340
4680751592769547019498010899871228144441828285042700998685644394131763248290312908027689367430340488843863114128754770298553903
7371408142591796865710653973046215109255786437157352313924442478531290092820677548020730647005559727973069973416903159076053104
0296204614919758433624657596498376245793058852298819735885655373134544548701918947319286620768915718576221199382936906689136966
4514861015660728180490886079334753171354215683899059435960727947953401618302867137487819801076786142685334483700384896695954037
2862199178730357056510866292501440152986864077701674864131708177930481209373944027435441136206079828523990989033623289788521958
3232125855905003070647322986167904784829417211608519129888545490992306400854811324029764732798696566611533605039116218287211064
3328048087467522304174357185558580322486932881453149442008314359000540253074863751401069345083176437332910631591438430165816043
6086110405144344067589331082608930355326779125945673110136783179380891079747539440654925994890579005806127474614509336396435324
7215091301714414443069868776064064504395207482808517829405383379414684365187710912963053526301972343897304816484149722894728342
2436471129882505774580140273945136647748090634204279933544155848974105586771383680141377892142181597367201114241681187884944773
2048644482475865853030326358622959819676030401734261133906361439604280224652350627125083350512410927294034793877892580606553735
3602935472072437248748601211519488988169731855279575778400706577254567463123219123896535430970244921999769114868734160215986062
7783657628040022836086246510234417653915945131795351860293548640058155931582229824232337815003665382949403984933860425849161499
7472148054410673792713655531708222900140217409627089428063743914621052166172358563633841329724840401144427912925448192355476917
0347053733535476550133949622008506766494989314867137093489295258193336447136204549399148001892481820212852414088927422900419709
9639078047884835538046942482094804161605891002036742318046907668105442784580061293938476627159719249453272549683221805416505790
1032786228200415283294994910054729118848671075845281886209463073179728081317785205722424406468440642562912784973899656483223098
6968595178017412521208376863115552570593292656764798517030930445070380603195697501931025439581550142699705302804245618724490111
5453654356413064906966652124099905267347821364144623020142756809037695527255942562866173971391249170311659304510623511853516154
2732536262071170918681622064325048337837520111884271935643287214208402090379942906531363266640024631740298714867728868944222573
3147285446615157276563228822132897878376378847350594831988142529113309891139340761458000809351957235529902167556281922497506368
4354478919601617063477169153215969873898414180925342349186710519974948744199229908589593712396666250201617868945303106857533139
6882511013607261756622150246671069745871933132400620002505947164316958006187665439907383822926483113411891198332966708317599278
5134964407461253261959522854559873663187547708050982034442691200555341283933873911454057728258698109359806239057894517156699836
6450666103279081547887551782344908272320062944069880747023544207556937435206656509659651679103507702121341392065845820245893429
0369780371537429488949966165797604230927289652620569227359744404503741546226260737989821878745670653730192856868459952515531054
3093345869807819730548713734544643718538694047498494322996726007960107180939172720629651622711868833028333458719243526925076960
7989599203565850572942150442657633965818968052176208211383992661670496993990824695668976291478797155039216428981397014999174383
1307119242405531123217610464790254600437026788611070015681427406612197589802556879143899518155467294982590879340815458735590885
7771734336463859132744468610337712969586326511610847632572701236574882685603506834926412287387742247547804989759024383729486919
5271411219228882208040644078382620627789689028134461694434130394862996168758457553833289759810275955726724366779012750280404286
9512730467284947060387240979546511277358650894416265360099607348235188428440048072383761268322342324845297508884228837212297345
5520192598997086640709924048681358015575115024163991652287513881247554854286841200564378110057343645081513230448973403055902132
7020240592700662201858752560247475343913953666111892278775820432145603140381127320826667055090149454135269196723432849201394471
5046712344141591199667738249797803701007407397593500840656021101416075518278507896267944040576213675962509419570331142339223528
5009173314040221242742971167778009936788547416346651832329001334847054317513290947080798012432976916063888435394522306337209156
1366848096908460688950147484431870925661107449748979391978321496249695501280906214711588783547789400280700153426360634008817145
5032320677216082097266187853807984797656213614647275198101803139086954569491022740666386321968921335192817122277500443048900363
5004785469025981206660221297903847696398366951138307001168655587727211921402639926973173862035209940308951165885978641411045411
8785398824958308479147867520302086574154227898640917802025901098713415060910391722736844682709559806414137007346900318504025652
4829177039724412998798470463159506613910620057768809973408365008034259886542242550978070824664073713620021235802691404413458167
9261226904113620784725763761828029554734562287674270893824453948307773514334280989553881807221303459863642843519335273228474128
3311573735232406552245381370523373424363177967581228254334269537766809380288366330679697723673023553333593300509406940840178257
5850353980111617800710390835159343131583882096987317262767588967118575624615788759557354550955443154249258491730584290096574346
6058742867661098727133777961247323273097355895095662383648934730004254372357455111922489913009492093823561131792526688980983778
7068373836217667990225856363415691473206022105532884987579074277226993152918608006384495892970483440333181267244554192632887695
0375929236714973683664267906774009903162875936131255110025871545553310661098253000439303508717945000859600253447780364023263921
3589236909622208939924919255987333064134666511205037102476749734554331712415072770445515704120917930961110839990243914307170158
6795584768746356073781978623124211251870230688353778395309754364333319536742360245765209901147398777468379230149142523181377411
2729948487677410474357762288343380948554393380782338431844676175646578459942584025062978984890983296713845183696219799180782039
8853156389861615819589926505138052323380550759364020828050387019448769426662074170464533329827565869171293278882331249180195752
5354617268287092363055229579924827016859348547054043349609066878817933385065188678139799271936447212380584467570750380867131343
6669574812003056132820086160683395897628895296098843871784268115803999250621428898234509785779912888254113882189729913124138323
1094710833263258542617692112795417986473641110466966207723302828445199198995397058382901854029835381782441946019335577334721714
7084654187809403875061887873785967514836739155665927380077234732823032340675248478794617424267309726934964316167994411232825813
8586810770368457480021270214945101098418804122645991758117744041940927633232985858835902473466474854825024480648895385708401183
5596898921066046808429836093228050083092077217562084369964360104846761170405526779538921555848456229448715495096371173722462344
5660195590159993019077789825004164832246820538076625410586718868028600352830449932992980717485232030870587444549082470943172077
0821935416600837395349048851468072663127356309332941980901438793730151587795962214031501434310617749617534269164881521735791175
3042072934705160703532059769445721283937901499649463824595439982424043872605434635393216517511777007087089174560510963232009367
5464155662396168936608488040261163576038165196682279135320764015816698209508887367606848299565138365679605265583581996112669276
6753095562768549798586933346781184629087517744898743057935941129179204236737611864578907720852163937289062427955626269555922129
5716541079272109791401178359438691238957049044014297693164836859127158377764717929820749372762244199830728156908190474636597721
6048348633690063166546832299456572409599753235001536610146572139811087134501881675589119526672410909520126024302026020371798099
1171674402450497762501699459068107617561003253876215131387056282446344211385618131395030296408469586922564210025675216461987907
9312371022806876440175927558224158477356755411023006311819103124252221341547172708634888791607917037276394431911343613744399883
0922159956723896116809200304280546821592880397796462717485456950002852867129487923589665229233372270334774238944990617682919310
7658709241655408916654408381196074058493866541161875193933692025333882777349795393761970679827330490202099389041851596493234215
9234545178442642967566968436599668141535683259923279950462781030512766827071494181783393026832191674347556257505316419663487762
0041257342453564273568929735796453624713683399848511617479340816490608890963355058355974856413150349382759095918170362098854394
9592779304960316507865578967321355607760068698329045954497816675023927602619347677723250166350520531047186145206536424990428337
4299316161376269795506896486995922307501710625151467203920818965364151628354223037516185750241653836563366411298238504451597789
8841671421275735676647633262528681899530392131503705721695449652045887039670882496194478043622621695748874619557992717633215233
2073059696519439089739646800449388322820261958926389800326850308700850275001529873409140035288149114816334962577827586268363961
2490360047432436143344657376283381577226551875079136121637392911221073093866166045906272906769849919522908370281254710635409730
4974848754591262059988003622570276863287575164608170178580822963208162146400835022943896925242423440936618793540028102479004702
4372126595413379264526984770633204109208673880518625238463206225086878596008443858616399507133771134539070683384873925072702058
0639171273649854719051709551224607779261350414555233764709993649110326667200717789312129165461963429321431418833445603440663689
7186962822361873750181210266660607397813719262382253059434948056476254707273143420389570046116876618519383113357898774377253891
4319529017033432347952439153798524883464591210553274851928717915148566352954737293867412627976883192261494139098284868083014649
2622939111808623590774562258070588172127827495395694013730379591966886930134915200669202327099882207686441261515920355425526638
1200973651071533307294108492132851108586204275141332635739794068695424575790972361088170979623763207458716935295604008671317983
1251374850775260697268191392326213755565839271682628582402356668458562455145193885654924842502488021956636839087993338831884363
2092679910172237700017761223090447686346621171455515944807634834063707579619074178681232780539980362324148874096831135359068248
7059799025589703414119220067452626516006331839767724497907056535882707433149950178268364082722639297792594500281095862497786970
4542905544332920101592075397986385645511891063856851014878633174032148021231620025882083670673312205077519194573640381350698919
1312255205389657370322617251904525722465432117955235178041221031184821368449334584954069933722375723026079372281725777733909489
8940234530803425309074547064952811642951856360280155612932727691967562499759113316867977300723413954039644096858319695187621995
1667713304364140592650059312268785120415368020836414159057787321290823207568631669529330852196553357371986318924246623685192637
0422089184234642438098080557484372830069143118691288742408958852833389685002956551956492581208496774233386094905265339874099483
1677835356907666147956557529262732608196197501168021350247232245111279150809917571509855702652690905689682229523319549019678024
3645155615476272052329623583943381582821256380614894465459876556622453836730749021655688760168012160726745987877981868221817319
5647755640891329597098392215119820185325320967799221680909508299218493251878104661039386657485694867555315346235424508828545406
2249500944046395955203873004372279572553883458895334843433140571043474669708074473381457065865063499709405786900325552248426583
1230511579171467602223112925195512272958191569060831817009891427720423564097069405239471201694564617244826682098552152177059273
8469866721000791525531110152439789939013289745066720962189402891838096512969001059723536174778699525713458075138245336864075519
1296905270266717168150361331577154511349585629938472384230294812334459038517468323643620870384471376627488513753063864443527971
8484849516117452587091720711551100043539596219785764133452403530020825880462282298393651618450654255243582938022557870602084123
1944353914349184905366261486479354722961723711488366658700425467290309892874206605011693831609609440448499484127167958439545979
1904342525350793098590501390656028964534129323617049186915074724786886755773131382892183343708636631327982725884104881408443775
4047731221209068512782993439144246721190758070966515666060478086425710216870076434550244885851035049595368742260028400195490338
3375747312957348876639595293489234210411377963219380216708693519698209655124852272292375830483071612875799792380567345928238534
5110079232697543396393866568868109799067673989898575725771625847005572590499345721422620239447760726870678880204127450730489419
1892883230935369730591390745517921975081616548082333381141791553938700817410468926449238904528671037503779324573001732065035519
8395077376884962568002904176016991329810132526312963614723727626088091850321489438757392596606168596638103913778878129196298132
3938927636631738411085232552592623008752473475775738216360990000223836611551924314564820835426069886741001153829625505334993487
1299692449183332553204542348863840181665273246414104121624684776356638436277872632132123576236177751436546351690643540205371844
9194356489958293805818668234623245496942584158879649161401045859846964460358471563904833418667460716546730472435403875780613403
9275256836090272445757731146730052254532930338266683064726986679677894399506235508548851649563290194895324537517696553037056936
6401315045565945782629076626066813595555038611734944119511046358367624104666208828448443470577765348785145599426526721185590575
0586738484454531185743029468713911469676776854865676690022624209621140076731906638884334409090253652724218159918793965233464039
3171209020852465810305033445747086308509991604961680580404820907479024353374887015602705890939142087700418451581794807689385348
9424311150932643701645157338987499029528852262438813754400403069738023146915551968014972578206454343730343122265559473474927849
7742146609950233423816671939328483772283214892322537597846916524424589673152890736557038920458731659652032921748569241119859976
6687533180189782962288035952098447575892236672807319984532899523336137857362773056256776453970744401322852572058367357860586750
5112973080188345114036362904396465766939815911981737447433859679102909113460170044475876180448426521815838110280974934802651453
0141366660566071877771992446357332649851216791119528638672163150044856967323023760152081614645879961910911227845879654515023475
2214123760185353539707121031098580866690882823675580600794715047520486504684525675655152270550399135886572417008928998130462848
9223973656232181173590003292639341133004977532862200821270596930208889426180465089396056658959981954090935260888619248916061940
6623578698318166136431412779326115216613003933902509874343492190835346614403255698238178964137991654202739789058288364219841871
8291158969189181550110191401002122993337707939239499805961356987899937471416091612952104089354586248344316163672726189677077009
2569911973118347742318591298716009672334442600647034815935927622454202539592391699029450660978546827587095337413939180709898411
0899648100113650188435064875802395140965508050973328163902047496526339571954451436627138016940395531683176282436292339394573885
3218116539223354243511329358754444736017570099304122222814440304223163469524526595019625005310578387024223128529473465323727623
2903847495538482030544840551895363794476928236443136637630260470246965452066473119820100467512281726986329810864283236603867046
4226586385557184936270267709088518321173404628666811633771213904835009960571786348833009556180773685058946093743512399598902672
8536593915600232712348175092402812063615932808932457150254760365196790780020038688785606653890320304533826035350207715944668272
7207307332779658122899268750088169215451053148485733154400660830345046074837509653982716901490942833776007996597381089382249055
7354364139715042807616100729619187431380023428907586266528433249618278407719620456619422594117403277614144426686677487237152240
7463017222778211045789643242204755641148330540930800826901784405753146374489626927527265867849180494980902054821139633747003818
5151230162674659769071431499839596583910959703956345024479063722159584629356540852497161935430481786349464090482420412307760810
9834488101241849496636150547202745300929538510953947644624667132590235877398283748992791388091916279125999482122365178401663101
3799117737061812716778711014651789301773605485731280987694315010080752800132070053513995645594283497896886041897544784262244652
7787706667573783951864085352707088626343810856713494836743287556709150843482692271254078127357988781374166954894723733919964351
3850833609175684557920955809259004150766406752693874551692602542748508158101511651908521148570349768720243116655926752800025156
0542333256075861408967459343438031423694963841751597298639419078331767590705140401244001636510150856151990464720632445051520472
6303430699933496407768275797041897577889994294810383735293345544688537126863233465001327982318529841153751728223029693637728347
5397568768462052741831355049132795323985421528118062025164276988946171985642590654143451292287062379578161283874235728279748519
4640901822963272018953105436900070403241616145463711907565248533620946580204196365483196723416387548557874992063706490486368853
2187665586968675889547896116950223441017696539693810802819756256217188102291391477467930773393197219210849036472348714939348493
0530870138541801269405772003173391922440292694411582576482977240988452402062182324365937231322664832700142793000599915699446377
3232764179605713808662558293727950897506959582972158149863534091415959234408922619772945504672047855130269189456164558749700864
7976387712997851037838832161690498586021679479533477214488890351913481087239877288703362839723676811186594991567854176580725967
8767096970476797579593159059506720944428573124512821132135870916546309651522551842044412513318859523946351494542237948488449896
0718064204159475781113170590472579807866358541733298234646266805452325502205676982790448617382183104529620072495546016035798369
6656888096932816475747398102488120987337320254949271905969490909227960204913812078261626642629009104843808070570261399892364887
7197928827518406319220242665874355187232953000643123084932578105682719648228431872207900564999025910692470162420939628457406240
9390054304943829673541677221189814900027963471043254648597886086990795714249446234111674340418457357710907778877224567169903636
3047190706971324195888140547475741620358462920833528017528636158028581644462796976018091635090361132164631234849610385434473088
1299169151001233913629789222426928990506746164121889744635941525381099603593944992448532482489564134843216370953945058018816372
8022886634541463283701288620853613352158026264893049477075544241214340204041747957155846007535087712499320675089565208063975842
8518974453812680488184297781261482966404248280615326837256707090751389480480211355208009414536208955423929547041219391948623885
3604467721690594055924832819820324481035373705830034807313911053016213471052470202123999030910736617997566930544442854033269439
0783963633104292458209399376532444272248160361826344666316224873723641667255667675127680227315908535163742986352235015659049712
4004639628899564002311837850986616952858773518487977784208052701702476955042845648511721265262737849283604073030798668836277183
0862408653011082563803132060254754932254909982790619138767168477417959797920610077885997837256974272446346326081237570982197007
0940886136952306043500899870090754863364443344376526643707265847999796477272121932881155662360934605500536289044543909420287159
9325468416880604404675394196786101658805312863903480479928341990160539724867416343519113232899201923506345096672360143197907320
7602604379899247751883206653536848520843218205588950289513511227638017895858870330990465204694386615676242643330003217066315632
0851199846447079085502271034855714656668178101657497639831079366789502032474686387227843449343312220724903806454747746782689424
4098848471040002241791388735422021963275960354775258076923928679254165040693087908221190070756034164623860222301010088075103056
3055192757629057465255631284293545235726639464473675957498678493846951810733281325747646636144880693592596312740548434768830767
6731474905682791005984276464714844713588718904361218261812425686803684106123652431919970410078795392818111582997268429659349585
7924410389518202685905806688713577803625532077879713115752972677622209346192681858566234259911076164694414416704969551453021886
9355683562980634479815919874568756218379958083872036318959815690363034752884522901587704723069489938561066700856799286608658620
0543220462343036193244858851552821480362000689940188453022451557344919396300863983139599553360452940548134852258624017234867371
1067014527356580183151961289434647684360706506035600010429135039073802230973345888131418619960777100132646812026883383699827970
5359069383361932605007503288578185157851793814788353694181498218990573049785293883804780055838358139459377587968253742572072043
4573719136273381835268729540845328454994954362222395612112318303745157807658681724375200294326161779060096534923740884933625708
3514458846264455850674231783280205705825729759163794635971944702176098831501306476593168602881301267771422854514181550204581778
2814589926430879599930014687698610766303495462811227979670379853246555977897078815634814137435467174275073493314846601851573261
9109412328394243903990091864894855454386078755925003658916610663445020722891205775398782367407839761338086985543481077581229638
1491723826525165284311575346657279958318121038102570973778417404071686643040506005133105712555305338320966176072017676784923629
5488218241739200538202629320385686355121297434909655261539604247574676965715827475716615737941607238002608903015929093309168488
6222350309549145806267049598652344478433516262239158892817022906333942210072994901250459132730572231739319182532518293889630019
8044072077285353283240535057997955717161542654506209603492744952552847242899140500411096612225095709028876598587942929972397072
1885954490526928165806858149219735696470308645981279734404025197278823077339850867123073835557226495747843398970587652389656636
3636990744440216604699149114584326945110057025978680402356462092308935861145193409488632679598241716104734129398885084544095857
6069902893386332364062130016921517943943574898468298687528180638591233629526536463888804022514538460226447545474670300837773440
0715242925233223925302043184620521073165032928562060926764419538572558168218946544243657541925010495652673050247406203961490742
4163377094941935791929068796922863289449570870715728363127254502097952823099544701660693419650850191571787642058768071578191335
2362149372830570291861457450525257727016337864275693314681112878356465000993320675510813633779009823896594571255519867010367760
9335339409871128425332395511671431500329529218909754194982323897857550540930935004728114503428724192561034251245345901549129065
0756506273973719264925319448914314432556471353593665242663682345436151888535592338801660197397976918922142540903105362128344221
7296939654818049488767067190718755957947538340790260392001857532393622868997477129188922872359726386124323878376837617352814907
4078579999111217939011699307760285871218819333972182125286903838312055662520500719903656687016759241817857273468272683917688574
8726333004719198815434960721386959090224338905967680668744954339106442434132414526246207631805974218944345895924595868424575128
8809968439523768418749746186037611280882890683322020074536396621763557542013569567593054212148112921735580176883820120783267348
2537069038616920940158973428724068585048795501013293376681740631186566951229973336427931288891824421015980577224523633941036996
7974808176187279818828936860482106588007126950454089943602952411737485839990023098877207814888492767150658782003308086338815157
1588659669715002646102364063331711646691061797936643322785359527528662208821134749050337274899095692843563066296876088924734707
4549130202526685872258479111021810868210332005793914145311147798812593113617843971880716197778981371491177307945521311901222788
8560297570244477829694687977784621455987068942424983136944870380427057052887779787702603030649524780263375021654142024115901877
2048774313776039429808088171712835186320571466269472744364892701622816406146475324290364012640387008030349061922998372137187474
1958983930518040048400877463606239970518078952389442564587925608445408847664043055091202257080066087803944336882062127350978604
4065348283423540496042896789726757274478123900698244046915478972359449728574613924262102889566496871444268574144572205450579978
3629438124450409423602990222911509881985430704078927765904795404045938118161221397917848075421341126252805098426191320837834521
8085534923914835313209677375813349364458599796275600866316693139878003025545882010477316042716780306226946838431532163667037127
9898915134568321964545103764074604849670802062543079353666823915979509779221620608508897413582424170944308180311897168957048017
5385323115399849956058889239701492340513864492761797303099763383900112373871513361204005145800948160917012448658958645510687464
8637322858113048873422361029279103210946558131854412009103898341572774795544194370639320402689943405658836056138282160542993169
3301482949893831756487465487869018898293856072780727019945397657149862423574816057140762598392679733606145316506298182753363157
1989885295563430148607778298379580655148124775805236404809749482897588166275331919278290911157248463196182871139898936725797368
8850340804158989499571102548588275214111587736824329752538481445797164191835592201791780416442465525643066854658921528683230761
1421812723062059588410998478367550671697961940333154251595442093624642651562126033425248558504164225223871598921143098979968917
2477995193068866106116650832975646638319811948342255800290956070421894468168681224145709091760495793451121243995417375669474096
3150729646482352886032550446062928871539222609285098660402450856512727724053427921573737445175821849100475781418189174380995632
7046750620615596575236877490285020288321290904270312430965440858488622217217317102253600290127052465317624607416177498383288106
9945695686299042380678429305385240697039293151977430358157956385467140053019250720885367675692664936064594234820657654969335744
5571751022714308898152825948152037875574841245733361004625842517428626308101356793475497881525020804091668118665745094943275801
8608762448666074656196662829963227928222015907465782465504699762597437156318531429585635263586424089541092855892902609967867982
1978685830753176969518395838040278058667840236176435782603960672407003909222439483538760352906908927302768494238355233209217253
7074071920319953536604510843365153876170171633349491568232092272150542222706006804946809770825099582766752656052960983718114235
3280496115751440895543554193849398007467023324006497516116534251153591572725745514291959829061315518724947165745450390160259001
0601737046591989613120616719919874653529282948250689745032606820130735453268070027901333295387220734852357272804293331117523997
6136958737937467562116926228263651346592589988767235293060122410789132148757897567424381946719333849272080001742385628150689944
1891595701639675010992493605507619576155702842803896050077803395482631144748035073236453571286662875633494080865014296782405059
6994138350962374748911276067098522195781999897499082597900135054301540799702368264182765273926228557006482725202228009397664985
7788023609935244035749201882811852725625300846793646185552122933557882704452555648205100150340311907075711931570895497802594450
2197653103798752067286172607092220822596982226247423576487125070944191009560709583893589326623076734376750057424185701225493266
8863132327252007877822761700057804325184406486939470443703245734365105772001424789573894937476178130538608010471355446757855177
8174190110749058109791874932401725786307915411703003043709908238217181652029602262116068758446055873309569311805547464496642142
2490958747068677929992898459199669839140241121204680850335549077174567238373970308977898462513690749136086901700597984427253536
5982357462083434284507903055152940486985159078049952746161034961672224995628192794860546561549979398991180455860037140923248338
8926976775587697462174304166383030496921336111150196335640267063653243971405939737115496867091474614902122111713955464436671112
2328015592752422584686538755738383160041067711192111211555671470860520931401458590260603642848665758765427324349701633338120285
3238367054704111120178059574962944110115171398341904274585267575082605150464279484097073060481753901121878225454945359042570553
3450237761306126967240618521993384597368444622149529677366929462149782561575513795963740446321127465963106959992420775690369312
3448814725588587245567368751607825271329254275986408132599484784341832975302652140521158378926626072460485474580935278488412601
9150780220021887436734602033408383688852530542191765389359753381850912455739194414678686576674855611507802645590418679170889751
4835292344245385826099978982021385208338079311915794842181613685383986799333650292340449601221579759524765161463912861431586003
8364091375971775721571844301438463624297900164446658688640976105663184901553656708363187917609334998277021278755741801258289094
7084708048206234641953289421943297010794421803966656094223814335341165874897678668246105857901156960186097878571917343164253048
1580091826012825586670694920435572709977363754508123881333362672498821977048126176623956391025928031884064853593246953559407401
1343143393297933839473552543351834063051545756389274017156011730389906161525821950360013682370064447544881706475110217230969461
3302514538150761859786668968377489515133804300482090273478961905590177116881654275768644498073647264106408418864420104945624333
1455642109436975199690456185370628722356663838058282076416293074142932077562024273500214654758558303856335007961702080005015078
8063031532965823241531821249811544926127012157501395220835632529512891602224510304171587094059291180949555426978545235398053558
6792060710713434110654251175014016166953632439786838514140951524356192499726146571336067500056531834668571621898017480292338282
1437695510093265077864080367192602710341444418961408220405302548941539890702354912153612054318858614633735009858764482449040861
5181414865532338468286437374705876616670683310417100729198121447458573292151625305538384979133781114543503822301014850960361423
0442509889959385737920714766510641471461284309092021412176656794047214218226892073311469169814612693044014585717564971417728218
2325595356223658506960436649084028083363095352384800259697237546709925440654926883086116058532378827751785516901620186132035077
5272017869427934924377297497212161665902064352062568107159660976294283182349751217848859566575424801083760720335160297859673425
4927647302447341405487506286250768152116103802235113601574433911840768325925117428685709060725568588745725091307806563183578704
6009173829226300709392490503960716312095637543299322573027471284752881663572097511651811613598957587604124624018835545870558611
9874256128717490827444943646188644499417848153072863603454092200052312279880710501340245614763095671533551439274986414901802322
0712116664532492284027602515056442554560965687688409213710573265303359796914199163349296608736358741384041138558244053035969858
9693983191087651982342027390681525334777714170455444776207288727295047097906322701667199571113890318007616548536163726817679168
6706523778360875477183129443881169868743369990013775836046887154518569535610947164990958856446973388802060554267647855673512269
5862057420569669693068391429181291253874208771601116624815603880238130385298427887023332027652265710135551985724073597417285974
1151313997638402328677281725415458206631525714244607205307139347412188214659490398369065819541976622293080801350270699351750349
5489131825943276548129703872359273308252153537674522058679810049913479398153870812359217912596783251244700635734540612732369203
3810123181289945953628771451906051867522552261199661987069529884844103683969181491185606510174695973406830793843872394354042162
3346242314263710422512316433607417431578705396179309838772547308651613774189871178285455805352015354652802479496815910335754476
5032059944587174601615131788722847272253927881072336845872496308794095355330608135957953660775615970673613290442946086962710905
3407385896995114869865346803277241560730078573870063366755416777507927736959074993460049742600768481558296737228998922109024099
0049052520096863687692070927701978011226142548782375715516453178031755305702747877694502859869129537906539333534520649523091710
0991259574063512483397592194908683392249793361680299501959035992654866098958575700878621835330177239453007223378603834381079687
1103177507554459538813745204571902700244177530864339036101223775180048578597548931452670546251696214644617674818880606435247986
4019388020763636749355438098141001952281422670022244785922521428313256185545192914769702955966048643204981030086298329088086717
1549239391810219717095199987772454895177623386763902046734720379092060908409042895882464384442634362486868518995850543330943745
5263274887172899674152253042181056688293450964020128773142784973127071891058343458622006778652971493625047746423062870250661196
2492300927820520335243072396524887229850551524757145264574209619185242101186100663595852135831547431534587842715149723823788454
0239821705984933412196203741296576026949577895980132509651253316722691651055934018399445089497754941402505430183658650264000569
4454480470480799484331207273048645656468167612178274351303856622687362159020726843169180682079344623827123515453025370828135970
6142817374030811769491227966611452974299687874240073880283247099440633899922286466254504368749938286010203764066551001971357963
9169371099648374900400474139097217260717487967105154156622253602791903705738661081630850020115390238371457432815879031763979788
5560591117813511863922620504148281644660212448276865905578433181502848473767100143776780656617049797235772123812344362645447507
7125601127543091335948203843174929841142906765885076202058923049770681372235738838189576737300366872775686393117885907972185950
3813261893105186097817193647097680347436595910522013775725325978428043833139417789267610377229028363642103442485430761044994912
3166100516390908023193075423476442023657276364366869002050485177701831320339505415669888608102030204859429175627661908828955978
9494583112215459385851845969134725676775320276319447511947728695272882901489693777569547667119292451041697329224102769821139225
7691777515996491255498611230620011375291757353871825879292337748953866037150788019954259501731583992956846734646612549716437169
4674403391449814677760084246730522440833433795684947826674440906657230316614951017230444639014782979009506122819959837960185292
0124355369267161692186629219979251945207193338015531285271750882020294586168274943975716404048435047057151424920598922068881892
4259039872889979839195103377532319383985569925201669042943584292754218542022884377759029683915124413393419307275904131879991019
1735669223208908684334277224397343396336961848404316449603849894027168642444303310792840158007116435560970914275701222063897926
4461905512399641675513869110628312166872040099906116555152852234330620387342830937229572832948858700069818699059571737043133655
2317566091257832110561031578973018527337285656514910017567896208598685109912802746001639928928505435442403312983994465299665281
7100315234971800925514182498331922330287575769352512401970636582041663941571732261396082519132641394516031353060487765740093218
9334108345710950934819716799864030596011645738530063495673802842261253827926601866855793893356025796840470669373855061371630452
9938632519142602121728449903028585427271086908360215670337654867014624403654411514574585082225609074457979619906343109374814363
8543685485409092161128411354085800792705928451605723409112677460751012429082851977989992688721655128865875431794910678786635771
7286092726668793850700794820169050814700948490519583438078010079869324333131287831724247406778611721612540484173599614481822185
4574626770701467258525092815137010178678255624898097602082268698327798870150981485054197815103745515005378748184630266101601233
6996566956298539914158437280054873330111337840249130739283399579411421525420812145476940206933841167306808654076518530796691101
8418268977140865314494741099167445020028244920345037125932530888607409097769183652295273473400544354104335924214164055029523702
8653179301531871439574603212631671179611383475494609355467328013854637990353997237551580336715104250041179882078593885288177498
6757096834181706624090949791934584516326051126444323415129234296822035888300651545387936037901447054120865724936805272897353272
3719471070090385271298581540906250911443020297189549719410313905300350268160333497598330190662838247612158675798074496367653467
7420546839654007142424912212795950734732168508855699265941182387494625335487354878640173067010282119575715050167662820992299427
8999971488927790060730948508800281979058687995045352068109470869864835768781397747295222955822196732634803342790733054201967597
6576480323890189237090109618880316708942469888066595108911237671288781962755118036472198419023002661197238821372958077703913188
0030541257153278168215715641021711922462243607936192442241352641161941478602829260934238679472069149540374325351015851641339748
2308535064234691761213175923993413124441933619616103905759452431159366446936203305785164404138919753229165645626046227853031827
9274311478528593074600453989280243110143811549871941292371158642466286143077576823957560727090752083042241440289345317446749500
1173344584450748636805732688311608479601983149113524409946668094326431976475189882181347248492781101482302481266734427266149348
6919145353409181506683417908661000530570384104910516382895650835980412723990294313264588477866084060873540703108364930450237118
5325748279790493246685409745464007302387808804042056122442284885720787803880628218787879564860434934892913815793329423983574457
6453232382761168189611119093517182812167138336965744983593436983776900497001902946217406040709180061277827817549237791463409689
5084186690867471312419665514325307095801242831316185457562663155798586037028408988187703062546161289787145296742552136882463426
8870611874224684584815641540909217473850820482485529973916085066540438294865034479488663791703681082228740535939513197426568394
3829342886981207956995705990631766515300196466846957375041259104048073176049856454632700433183856168388096468289412653196954791
5561500767524576355366009997865394697845244227185393733933754620619491997202491015533470742012384145261633852618565246889880329
6777844984653507188325486982839438152297369628419739121210603276755667853986365800165693953505799574103492924940759456778294070
2214788746856145315547663790110177531050862742765653751073730521273798413515040644084618990342819820992718598911810035213540952
8641245540354058813605493935866324134857506571449379897541736929598327494870227097960497570120553215541706501704428439721082223
1700972466803583171420254007427289345043866532653318330426834471075577492940413011600530531542381075895357213715112384747031546
4123673880740060770118806009141779021375877044026069684883815887385967786493701519196377144556351001736897028481481645941513408
2662387772790420942409426074953672031980544055539694698764834339968798663047095391766181294233657281432203121874861027827377503
3000685337077147654086746625753896686864534986031835702363775205640514651662788785826457436508900020141827996232430281971022030
3024908258360292259670809665500668877816383415506517420287409766113445399746700536527732408780456759980633419485517682977905050
7609884167715679957397855272558744514159873182477148797463658401514781751802711120892880095270644173320069885204433134067923423
0014100455158046473463596055055311019866188559065450226001282429179589867255611231640796556419411721523548855378235369309657647
9633011209397874287442661801560684815176053929256216322999478244794557838852723961384875065741787167826618848105863793521919749
5428219888294008773249094303237486065991730028127620139643719301859855449270217745813940272539972852306476328220561773494939103
4521537632739898925531910531504909038824924540851609471635849282948417316063275786486909546139512668787750779344864961591530650
0285764732059028849862258838048464137495797174589639632732738487543884739338580280553036435526582504329979148309470441850901993
3193744331770081476790157034764887938574991726583896870321256839758584043852505285610942913104942834651377543523173599555843275
7417116084257040522072018694176431604709041564144995596676144624737792695410277079523480490262409478745371723464489814999444924
0087200564277539488709914626916914001557170500699327915642055990350944184767970585140183066326636283502929299531353689075738930
9142572663076266551791245195307340496553949814370587843903642543965453293671993338189766065010527351493298615638788367806472270
3051117521339185890745759762693550854894691691802102995243849634880012010573871449566457109934687770743470466412945533888196288
4158491602681925772695910708467090530134341332595220736564785569416215771589193350272179369165509097131151416084829009479740145
1103853287929082360008599627015884781258703830958532256506076724299192350494313751000293453841630584783094561339455205657099017
6669316988454995197629701325242327637911706551201433838323166461015137492273818007712193923739461699066479249555708713191227011
2113634008934694195638896909191311796132499125975665209093925839375449400491235035672664100786917876149509780668632265414075514
0126792384563810279878665722622429577480527747103593555729429055584348852183674740137123973052149872227487163624179929217676754
0429035865573402523285948804441336965668748085575713483346016033116457998360922288296258888389027618101688101669309692510329301
4327425318090553450075452219201170395108911828576562899226660479453870050953529030012653173886753094327406771671224243820895023
5520772008782057192477714645125967892355088889936328957302124838926954775059515639556003228522011635026617680256545865946919398
5091701805891827972817338370300267783615596474978619035655959815481776653782092336443749908777349150397039742672328322075757599
5790089502501043722549854203882262801131152082075103693079735744546403353282880501020065196803852275180952587214373981006637291
9796322418193084084142426874342342820014220995329829353218013607479946651207097461896332568716316883980489998209799290426511423
2380307550005537574650358548246683232060877572246000949898947779365886734692122861965160733025000170093436288569747823376036955
1082935962455046112099818942036953428151667543776795511944294244788427450015296441783391903107987172541886534905100146388519657
8380489382633120509090625034073608336127658262734309778765867742476489991527857117594934853404329609845740341120593238746572358
0633586457978329098387174811695256037738146638558272816343120362030421967763476640034051908578551893496813666553354240880945358
5373098216766144042601726925416970539214195693276289721208185447267076741060153916852700809475592729479267755151190925441394762
0437558873199426030384531618231327018631366219163826316141114912440580402838580312314548478509711368795320884000345769917178052
5639423930316613774685180001977671844817204570499797609653987640525926925309564084656003072725353558374445587925969239833796829
1210135977251946489323174272650887900867086890978166723808871820517325894679293066521051888521481265231417131690626664853728495
0539462898410401286175566033379657439604282033567012883413399478842279156974842259796901368805265470365140797961756617874554244
8867613639089241484274514628778139575529407010929548231466056716290533770512410612299882134379199476168691871070113322417352240
4833451141363445314543208606007459133355986460223413209331799936622495058516670427933156376684533870032838911569984108849259357
4227813092685468088212208364841572112496680733745196711345105782294865361331232982776705201607924522572931046426758698077037314
3298920484699256928312414816543062270280813072616261084031990462638788100585936907797010649601422888227353971911450080527103430
8677297821634129486433214400771371293863980023792460946229497228182272173859417196509074761854532992353908622744248599410546426
6781620363930103389596792660725581404654123168036180688431615736861252151699433810032668453228299140054818608750957825124796595
8122906022184441989524946520995601380863784338127264956306250128205898953341684941467474429559908562531894365353100792345598520
0411240004527716081891095406341655736648076045216518268298111043258024354531159970495009766409513979584877788837540685928510096
8110610731150417715423694936324187409013994345563727775716872413402896219029394300366269945656385788061342489896665541029423618
3755150141442065122724114186286854845339699980415816422951602029278923264626041281480497555316143381278936597056953084064028022
9997198501283363781790158682287440631540353151583792163912187892594225150451760679251039984200332891341466144376776153588743411
8117278660244194155818259161232321467141273951036898758016163015261776236723767428479024530348209694127274271155128147667928805
0936167378563389999940015556970429817708525142859666613441735283201399969921725036498088504412772933143791841603758820099231969
1224164983307664154773003073878449221074064106296765689183370554165942272977254560731754387603794592725273703193699452227243648
0945223186347621257574665017745770814803043072264123465865881332861490934432664674134678310921895127370062396231037904388566491
5578757540264948131008953288936928142006135647005490612913881156326258717861846071301620618495929699330750590715333343381570370
8766152138213724166896984751062466183413369758646701425025924527217037621942282338912065834670044626031344011383552551288896568
3053487311706357675549287442389024758844523549667853410498690516184480612259764698839374235801509026206625335813997095967736808
0878702145089270046099454388880300081151816870001049594773880813882330822460954086402671799804568587855965385027526964053573154
4675804956846633737319204649690805027179329770063541964923158992410097311744090492573918964775287855196910884200372242948299414
9493162547793763389979831614732404846665474684277822658912090008789913594349007683276852208398902139951370774691434150042517692
7345730422542157756414350209374237744157462270676494668123673800976571405254566784526649041229590418069453350314530822807850416
1964598394787617389494252382959463826235528571672258679974212194662236832005305369294264438079751870505403383373187745093885686
8249944446042573821740194113388700642890510755384482816288425486723007601353010761537384611960083168099219424928983664383056396
3337126174819661239061831213486837993026986769690178323635308622147431003839607372786324521326222541843059384926020501381139876
3550125336344588588098791695947139914704682212688259894589141433972450950443922835504195392482891358587151935390940488550833886
7749712101826086175922145824388719830543614893730681609524662863877518177721578349626789661635402530736054829364302745002369020
7052231140791673822400576065079175225485411488088090330405642998541294857834801823806307475957421894499261138427284899379872160
1843292586638145520787104685467083303977045950130084986120058743550949902430669077350548793220932862849879063881005931348774482
1487754184031131275500703273842524528318488976791651801275003631033587218395976230647938697685183895874331282612016119932243681
9443865463893265996646234621765924400556069796282223873874118161895663217586723720163197972926787252465189277090874867985305943
0897354453697180183636362963351299526862015366834373289147517835099724224465741319067052046603751698502499127219361448464402391
5704747041899601180624074915530540633028597706644514489974845238123048510465569828429534100611326273262355319658327363672387706
8316996307878784269659645906887598359322978350217418291053466278096200407791776549885681670136754711514051366460206315185892069
4722848610616728633370187439001656108169740264355894513804107426599369076853462061213905264840303368831514494760256744683488217
3692367810726295806823047818393633700597950772879297341267237845287738595298116096169937443486203130496785989216239853131904645
2667811751880900529395751251780403233472004508704751605995052039171718893677809009851286227285227934697321953881347551922850785
6909280644240056221753293916337855667825910341176418724960272141306897770589964342155201798900696411923242239316269753447770119
0999650808847959816984860421127802079006195715319055574680057716511026426618826912583374854994252722086849395905477181959336308
6682428165643537701794115175085151859549462586484758294772142985146427091765603916714315410145159899524436580396471513525615313
0287601495196877948543109041275994870460190783889596253917385102642407519701386785758190101150573237633840832279432894588540853
8953039640516871936098610139590123074456039528834700886251621001651688622097083336798736244961699802438533721144359429291546962
9090712409265567652916908423800558494486073728012853735882650836864723820428807816418262790577395429269519877994493798687893365
1660175388130474812877157640023025667491901812382385258466335889928876299301453437354017152844077297406456989761054934994390342
9934657654239690864626478281461559020855371564678749001531999572350068313050489634121119934441378970500982348402296361517516343
6359086489575862410458280767790738382982543594459454924194612177893193423779790100018577922756855011303081967830570557786235066
9627300155446988370785806212844429529453154177930814144914555470252140016234923123986998575098139584073958387735640106379021856
1431322355214385540867355391544675004031897330982334142717560574603867105320387323557316017902469957357722433291210791176477230
2894506203039713875024969465668820869708991702780944843854568441944017095189870471544531770235169544173059692732034123691090895
9985087463071783533894010510378579436608410386134175083499511116916575290748570942191993555978994826375337547024070760036740444
6261306132531269467443124232293674590069389935930085698373191334535132795190967480627467212037239181698443751352939224782894445
2120942222786996279924477488386308186164427794112389492451650285444010405583566731254920895180572589153915684428013418667038463
1430800636064677716455907326084896393465425867531959255704442690767435730899236888138775592453451717734356391997983296892276722
6245887023168571979343600695324609549057431178812999538431044619282851448174071578424122279044132430998592688952289021834131681
9674276988668745718949139392247616305459443871778443070291211471809698194880071407948810420513382171773670397147925755783987072
8396960072488524616931349500116793025065793132740236508100883299116095620726458675309257154864629749532773543158061852267047338
4708002781694658659895872218532749075225884113621393683821853677375696999740077965880387656889715948194663339565410394344347289
5555870327192777337829881158886331270254424879662205835411641384434648950116158681537009743933205450514200494453854527945997900
7477629425593340948832945986684831020436243430891488737957650425170704516063535499519492960538931301090427592749932503236484184
8423876423875909116240287411777889735748877901032042101830839646783823015629217546200038215020201848216827890202734808048558954
0807456230133883710789676060781653192722644571250120561750361830812875165496905115518629620725251203869040049714454953862738741
5303451865971911125648060457840129182131488705975454818569283523145391216818437057554152537823305765736049257100852046148635621
1261116302127532039373528605959266607418243283938981652100937053779793268699698358833723678904084230346993115051100507293779300
8426944066403361349421019695464969608724905091684569968020665596067769625988182192985084507208329554219894020546830342373194912
9836620096551496246720748973842622026481410313119306152287268352751048064398407415273133860155815754408933010180348795503748753
4609338756911699625776639967309034003047928015509904888467025680057353339055998784262880963136510735792422530687128803685177960
3794220657491630690779260465220147420857430753103256706506076703567632175129351004805264212916552247643663829004772139169350940
7434241221131032055118140342385838086277269231509234123959703170231052929402882172699084758826526485094213048561191825363736939
0904036155468367437756029547852649525568053491591721559536888529587622171812488273446127650656057211625693401063929504404510727
8594239813337093390867462989975908087174105244731466049861585875653241923202495711120654077327719056153590078128352003621088112
6550980939146114945715655019872060022635651047970499718424015515740106255804720532248662461951505100400404921280927158680583839
6741404050546354494349489969507458195999859785965336806692031040435145352201853821004643353403220778871762826594034649052903693
5050161106286616149825562707832775275340760357578872487646716309800665185049903572794595588208600449320559114964177323489795050
7988668426398349050514452498533331732900030359537800440340518464659495823291497139184592287414133272356549392805616744235453149
9266075338762306748845630416478232159198106165396768656800162018036519950819645985549720852139273704724379986117806399232175170
5556988932197330115132604542704979085477903108338527639954740461587257180160289420796745117217674397152069207476864049579397740
2173348172420527062990485233356407054265180085263061116024667765176353870469789794863489543966815025332527451848905334447400043
2653295629344700441742575198328366052220017722996829827117810780652298604720896185508927603921863120335461979927552660891307644
0066285895594775046166427188466940243950248922228033222148293913898651489477743932715196100030572189599370661700468278120150796
9557220581453859816276169005234368536133383160153382159372481458293494645221000658600106273797363754949138070903261376602472730
3805492311138707905865671027330890704509145113408439234581134791375788711343962876719164349282530634198140214550594966178264550
1436926045326544742314469119616902325996600826173849367078861191857896132772006881206929709595222480758410968732831090627983535
1444386260983859263563013696700221044836992640755935489313754181471481261753184503838050091200730279031416065367564840157446166
2902149047863838396186395637335864504592375088936920775765866174611877001827681253531321463980847446832448377620176627133555161
4791558390249335499772225358752569718358080171845842601137108723166037557543519329054572216953276760772287383669070062122544693
3653096889815826831439877436629034472435210543189243295673175535474384447647824085044069839822212271287638158109858092072312186
0748574544351788265285261914954044165932622710335856937231283900552445994528620171010664109729214838117784033934235805145199914
5275894527081180465946457660332530286653207667782652877623355615488795343761394166684000047525776778529177571402318083997867530
6467109418857304686760026137696284413841248686101454431645726165291910757652786986378480149853820055715870646485922893256858093
6676215878298696393785441082359744916852977084427450114208277030042915360587042453548139647735771416607502451093388273522788649
7671054706470997891661682369520143839129305382788490682363534839812789784359519127806453517900921204537766515545890569275307893
1361042207361371441527086792533736691205317414847988400835638938786015770536113548366581806919926001472840811854920801842703777
3513103534581691803636903931367504112887620002748826537288400922168108606124444688399865918353400722960622289440592437281395265
7889386408564819031497565924192895193912656422791697412472168255473833561450568882333025985344661645666990267705103860364236866
4138536431654239332667925068305482627915123154662709208870044077990559363503200410357003059370208164876016094801255094919175222
8463391696176344840026735185830036495571599978819527559041511392555529527154011417043582657075386914403021244017762572439715299
6162318218961162791019379824579408557803275130662824155987476456514181881477682742571553987831058318649000691189597142635269772
0762970133488857814721372272166424064692356325030921377174309564434883115428450738561984323237757935361350713032425828308741123
4714351982559489932236335028957017819906944707422172680018267561533474486226912008423131335876195206249325093723564894293512080
2816500946584950779938046762589915909515704971018715869504032011106342871269261795583577290967260307340084652876419981696310087
2895004364486838513889537109545822827678603850445221912466809759993491507875666091568956682275842225830234855225383245575493552
2650099647818037615116956954341655646634963643235750472739733468509790968870462418042203958941068786618484819431710507936599802
7533481270625343830151159727689285867369942408696652407015806894633372367355011778476566950994358633971847804532262002525341326
6932860309305588424128816753568417315152512711756820693574982607856846643933251360676478873401876049759834996395397442053366771
6368418934202491624332453410763014824694322271983857287392943327020965722037743354197029665328443075456374222598320483575376742
4282586458471797802238473382178433687724169447427314412337761093512867942490521429740324461721167516599618126259885014134320111
6677394682606606653900300409179091142196198876169170096213616729601352901860163965806655227312385454363306654134273762118341113
7643573234932937551595703701897895283801028602846877296702625125220327139117379468939484216431057135643790896852072143295568124
7835389220407382114018498622358193237717282193191181508848234026347203068182480302817923964772670420825100195578203841958774014
0034680494236515185913110737330886189937723492058708152408147979713114102686546086347368499582981596157232052021983733385897893
9959931900795867812310134476649406402976231824404571628106712844354935633442704883886435745579659139240624317737165693276684021
7687653483916295211948300957846886688394120859824086212655110896478780014654869246794209169764271870284569926071280986536129686
5389201304796699165935771717834181664385244359824248801827481372360749339940576454594000410357902778074011200874064037958889186
2726930691205319100949599707692925525547420349048657283658532712722412081334373160958039199607974848481872853703890943042973921
7254087398978104571457211604241039805468739560240953011032729779871018385163199958508492807104550542120182914215024552352099374
0577915788776618918085672242537299536604399259342051743390425673863630842390420280176568564228989365174973256614738413491070038
6830892093137210682654019600696831217364160874783778871977883927322860408992703263164973180938595498029716242874574648385670449
5774283228582139254923100205140724149936447963980034063069342493084827233283799090727386532026590721266521634433539903773672657
8489342339836233604189107412549422519166707342446243631744337172427688799797300485425305108241084447320396355017099790987982304
5579039086144583780301772101084268454284211524135896968194358624225126732215388025582474957280102865197930121676550220972263090
3389908879281737422526309759732063914252217622801815648828128392852505613143446838612931228798897371072027044252222238376051988
3571583131629499703290168358948884937302565954157189422433659984916252703476429662770576623285862465399735505261324990848316694
9423186355018278041568884367207433805709684366572651006506138520185260823230823570755489649379382727052958581331266615555167678
6126444225712076374139461277391085492256424369818965208777930082776462483927136117628590877335005615182912506580467844672001776
2323186582401204627524733122349298471005163415025134564249126647383086521203590734419048262603709759435997087128843414545136629
1421280371866708001926278928901318288694248295906455469958649830300570517830927222281187526547437638030692046413330135004977193
4201689423423687675024635448407327285565295542200018160703811061939134316388397382336397162201256369493787936488029791585101767
1265877778847130342563633758037018164444481581498122824054055477037485608751037801526946223069038643514687690116234164514587643
6465410554863527094647350795029177204941109231775452235798798372912591022108733306213831496272836341289051922220644943607370174
4555709604071919166868299016817656945294419168762671940808165674695761877170460702219178063962280901485563918842254363745508105
0013210837712837766354170359690869396554185818181209225721015219925108353810498389109811284979505591805687297968690234266672264
3540066879463905504617792447842885657986052603128773981944573151451301111933677250259888942146768184470087035596773903177095378
5526250295384032490751656419926139482444274162610961490517202317645513359417017299610996672882236901128269120411948696682951298
1147928498844392902179227619628807696892271738030552398135463750372457058220840887917423404648021366673468670510142397314290816
2022158104950164034675577261500173802135526124382488977804744045573154829053227880877248106935421683250032295002832455111826392
8408395848784043250462314109208469565763023368052967204488715596813441318603486322106989843882974610129619714497130039489786739
0214994088989310972413925550111779902382656332396702390689823464515504633177056625665996413210331231059059122014949611785985118
5638643037266704666895115401268842632588292722777701463135298698439281447394022408579092978979422708178801226855288373349007705
8326215915178072795379523340039085009563169070517125775679474479863606678664704404360480187047960485640111421757696617713004548
7011793090984794876958820884434550749243106407550272966012525399145703465211673094494166304978135466245182409167311669917812035
0646616697055433264306514791141300386873739412778313053422926573847874849306566154499488632029298944379782617421929711377514401
9297384752555069074761141370510516463922575237795983591479132397584337422724053423993525662073888857524562744276272922807488244
1675900193060201503933483483504265157956265823054822690157216718534136770295979836197494827206847083365905242438375193125219057
1431083489513661032602020638770515681536739853677363483613015298018233407875797334225693452983166033993589897236847768729569036
3412842920266990322594256412420427432972591970945387529406395749977856430023496367881365081011414676715347811993981995507454759
5814144158348481510698013052752762134884248303529348153673229587940320030719465454064415732294560941869034046035698546780721067
3694293937312762744233869259702927434016315955447360677690945403418821029256532787548058243155743890295919743842535871205350185
8704385056392271497806649473016369833786145282019863224686988090496033200166054190979749241314009880507707963024916288921654292
3157093902990992972624660747840907228349704051194371097267625916545775966277296334446546102566702460108399894331979790861994643
6211141708601791603941445199717151439636201237385208163393264036156546491266459438443028650233309419884755515206198073403412631
7609935217879726233731421923555596716242460372189351557516117275999330506730738459524772217152788164129973955538645698104965588
9847824808961328798019186709647321679530290047204083126132050648182784705034270305452693472108814807665149578959595630309221057
2336424726766825888588931956562955321343032371214572623650620016457504060828907233038750693736196960807811513112341914628133531
9997503724107344142689181995651896815056436454295876248977561163594537358114242360861284248276610577578928061231272901007371912
2013755472268039887671228509805013770238575064767125406070391538875450803622634669600191763159687914916440803301533482646017516
5799981996920369911160876482866900908859555470100550461338722440379485926728401393736777675182480925560316384661340355950830168
4131746820931543634876854491169439418699998977639325418048790558796894160516876451374044889060607036066881936080985211558198717
8071462893187814119459304307555930509471933902061826760709069595504601694208191737856286699434878770893482761009503838844594596
7181730908337307386590819037242463777795080011670425589895801753553643404874388537396185083285326538843075531064088612600268485
7874226918011033625880877484768842271536701038369116084490113476976040281425980324472775723714911411152630252812320962593721057
0414263983887707664017378501754926805713789236380580564348508099662975168539697702344553508537455836440798954696577079098427990
5498272997168152869729083312401990047724554350008563240202328869525129660589507428406050419409546123885174117080636577540661417
2321805983098426879552953451815149973073351984882483766093075912871745174124737636496091875961776384678278562342333189413446156
7532047930885191527458749856036064187500060909405487710845907268217223665450938676158247000950256593423837838865029236735406065
4326287344295297838879679103933460283015103512394382866450845885799711951741393486898208614864273534333346921541450681108663424
8567495767845161425037712088656492510273651099963049803480674659806775332933320452431001042997191274150089937218301268747409008
1892491166044214033213915009098534855928106088594182060850901874215590307570900626843004514029616915218847005161443909006676086
3105173474201156958194039816160955452881468075916368040511971709028208813038518932050264340243550030216756906608101248802881284
5437478863331533890468364414134511741947560918971502005022258558696334726057777326125552089511046269814814736730962698056311073
4951554244048858298258123156812226947705933314291630536799208713986095914743504621255604040168912151175487398095913442501527517
1612279415688868683265625113331706654838561784474685978138326507909792993504451472859581305912676732125668231491237540161852687
1352117401098609459260904440848555453118498774861101544577811081137171667682199549961162875051222443028292136608108908775783291
4668566015341904293075901042719184643021339885314119600028221153413672044545251474917661767760069310540295768155060202109602728
2520334200236839012091693839792035322503068072072460065591632021254758742371667902074341537861212278319285847598815912703706243
3175268051143981660033747106123282192419159048635214903634052864839951778255031756400562020446144172393222917501787673701002700
6674523291734748122422773809147614700484318146175088254981107335895144969807349660283900516719746118645468637821636061386059378
4188188277626583767786502184322569089569789412892621297176431619545847378700138574560707680259428721989759555839556974186233480
7390532896972001905316907714622971854007628170763072962479615247643615622571558632228493177244362089074929594584800973845536848
9849264610200952816901406520106384682505741852721568226048835135789532787094701294801848704745256861395407908649513920150263639
7854370986367091444291966220372693018093730764321979930716154354135718272983430773038337101141108835455952869661500155683833074
9808115836250545782744528663456612751035343126746511715032833222650951208562936847133894670903159578406935434899681616157157677
5449933772771897148631641377562540641640474848389783754029100557570032554566006191465792063723092795517702238425793412416470001
2937905058909924731783049378468003437910238645835264792097079136587087350442777867813702093887200643761896159097869017005937395
7717133729012763683884090295651337537034023162131283487583227409327777370699292346651312872193008211062413650051860746533410200
4095695950110108518764643338298928366182339223897361738328378044503564041168430011712729973754089101835569129650304327287404972
1174584897511466194183788253926349029362049505536254582209201338252575420290164983455933289840278231035884030712260894346134552
7761765877961955439161913415420485543948776016504802146528406434389546215574979243086360938551004600037990661153084242444222743
4353062554304250531566068529474211745999775668076123932253052153101156786485645664269792342453816897835171506547074839704777091
8193385707206057241016991296332616186095885707895014417445978963635638843413167453713147741250557894417823842378892716883564383
4414701258878541571780503656512173574547903536405524255843710113697817741762054938128322216548020454736882148058230445988304376
8363544420911047180282206501238156287142986596377518728647856328365181602387822102287895774281073353368828111014956911375392578
5780430022747871965685716392391425352083934583867099701698503567269032511748940082003282777645389137257025389413017452674572537
2606024393701221307694529871431154164540614164993497271619958131424791186768644684669356636777831879397734272673335705649633002
4789715983933276471694982923444249864558464851612286765926229253919876317314926011029164829296322542092827015562884359904206642
4213428153587165381335521523932052241841163300973801287138253226845490672931816978773941803990440278669979647051465348624079105
3419168581475572983260190361701934633564914249990805271700921787735379441310149748846950460105295646015883522763651311765718139
0643017584581435034370880134992336308617187531872808223433939732921528795419567765739615646487503731718827467059811489514462708
8240926821672036119484675230474136343520006840157742512260506574754560864426113591474981060698558545401924390339201368669580151
2180431409945375285121040004138946753923265119496541829137171528887590486854621739462433884861201148650039065347599969036034946
1220794484575763660002325630268586558185893116790653322219525972500497727914800636242536069684827121496593553311794674511534108
1435781606190730034271758074654507450242292934136120417582018758847558210750517197211614624177861297537749923102696299059068262
0472496196020370020276610485121224239313415267755759579734483426439502592786733423472402917351281201878422928096327388672118427
5664545446808704741371688000935805171339458791507069541059893057148797349299303009996748288669321167515451714205892864440743408
3539189653746007637884781151821846130210806166359445842675385724193537198834368015119520365512286626859121785638758771673116936
7228747311262908816869990638505266862436414983330364594232199408818881369887998094729811275091341031498735810192826600585848478
0205817711643909986528303579098875467050350065610591795091066174715779956393527864740830714556714738435192795203670003124014759
9197293866434029742096641108142225947219962019182256790387923893087254917713809995074288755692595202295289706002058647970706318
5801028709225408662416729985040929435165270531028696258985082752391299922713342941633843800570338856731347298583819618303436452
8554584149353583626116529209271190042567689752495849141906628210792514969913837494587223513509196504949988416482688661169416704
1402557567228850127015457900783688564010064141030969351494178978419198543363884975731636660451573493841983931009293074401767946
3030096749835569373371333947576923588432247404291305005146406298391452901679290153566364898274791521766815033709118309495674776
5711698251707518922789190956913393869735623141004406498318629780886567378932420667481352170410684788247915724815490088304482484
3076891999474110399724898312925906240059216711193634437769661170118805829580169752019184852464954183024109801959695130678652316
5549698831705307512844145517641207234201273500862193514468462342310564088815360136277681192006596458241962992029526454841238730
6411622599480809121036108851843289420809827360922656655734346202711742438003990222191272251022816208079113097900823895134384085
8642218596518127375568301272202091207693967578318544987425186514107159773089906580986790334784827799489119999185876094206749612
0920817351118635692704580562112859516048707763068110821230955827967708140350064043987570026933663880446183554485511010170742288
6208781018246003491238792622187493762169792217017386868912187285653248963115594278272915569084370195923738619149855997663765716
2725282513427928049648973662146630492856487618068183730067763515357833597788940914019736675580475997314248706127026547890194380
0912098065082008833983417148631289829848433926717155189805055489641556714887595710925279228500591899600062727405015074732933183
5895616117549258380703685066950990019495929210886386708101945826998030626417636766877015647925822567530097432835311405452851781
3061662816058323226135782103379493145683394691280827163116839270882202901941521202335712663514020076981153846416619848715503675
3704213022599283410938645199398840870678548274677230864636710751729466573816253072905154246398964963820890925958414003660031502
4630926004977081614276851598024033198734821505047735799361816301169717640380369512425102474864033576302498992022080746889954455
8300690807062719013236716321873014112140959900671073008576129360776883572345888774946590273926184154530838752149268349654124927
3447912234767016528327462063192808290048544233618790028527492173810076784214345126091690768646666027973848294720038771161886178
5457890600658613094704911994422834789695852986406564746776631261869186614541778685993675186223192485017919263967183543307324819
5220338990377375643418843097310570471194246573225298484773451484736001523372710934922163010657077255170019875356114982042678628
3627624529201855124798528837400884425278033564368552915095248122583917121126951781145851039073704399808416096566055979179720996
6138215215437842405346946457258803271828305596332127664808930703097188386621950424243497121232196129953435128118553466623324068
5920381194124220091735356882290501723032521874921419228504863143247804084726835859796865644318358484363167764149683837216715113
9615036434361215242420376195665243628638184799766269042140156331651635843944014951375098750172039065463946417568449326243598402
2848169979084951950982695318867752277301100025960923376831113692149385936857810916874319944880663028251022532340529140647508871
9496200698078244875645144567349529530108679183666387943211721642572053750534478253516851058589093730399207634528878897274151362
2928780676487223500661310045048476864951396027388478482164226318809641027170548978608486524888062863065934362652787878241515138
6280140376322091582258435509210383633979192424770386485640747341583226684971908322655364759264755383681296473387197771187476598
7993834385710389281257683754961049197160221786960013125265044154150064439440391405850545737192660609079271627770663100625583357
6072190114323511020360786591498148692349156157375850747362774972374185937176303811511475665210532862701141979885066767496308496
6809986728266957224821129384937931767139546739620244968569547174693124128355961928311295430759387663715690541708892900136725621
8713302194814326105418406542612287987228114780045964567511737165272440568730052294690749670110950977545749571399774020053301568
7216372973252354647766828421771297596834262561708247359782436050128141372353679212726164448161015103612893738264244644610968102
5490158565324437536585310937019467679460278414170537463829112562515850928229747475007728895628087831498962809803771938282971625
7508575669851979183836777758657815365989035447083239066619058708444094473391492540134970134555418935400444033568972945852753572
2681051665685441434594259287440247146082524888648989023037549139977692642794573123372272447282566487899476245382067369090850227
3516664349028783594652935471979981657724225297147289075312362875423752912404004312370632615551263897637065247961679885605652690
9466216134195188009940680229231563219004828730503835830166900891639648098483491041893870240357033427709041628218884025561211450
4848574180102172215721912201870496816515688173491866267900855346017402326765363320124474261873980008204988494006538252079431490
0175523216285771758146998384814407339456495403123042145864725622594607160861096627528216923235632801268714390775921555811885643
3472489136602420352765486727018974617090254641528435634640334942425890346384541194932965110314503859645146781896767507525832148
3797532143892746774112201800929601204074380314303366575611389855222496601937222584569281001864863917059035591510412512996095572
6540831912166873834974788036724952907724341969947205585823842409980011722639587514582627960169448155988074691268777322159243577
8665277823830969067856126267665294223334216725032631778088124483157924821285251588520602045895388804877588758409591955378022156
6073508435137376529408576041907918073738449051031545977935509368280423831551346121480713109837860058648169729195905582970167345
3067341878979134838523394919669124325563435281537910461171499830549480992384643061189946199980549578258740383418503347009079843
6535435940186811905537955923044494920097170641355108274375772163581055863892145187878626476077935978473720854007118125956368393
7039488100826115931812511833016243383119511518291750301509797980336012158668128482275262947277553272940357496952990711563149829
6786417640541461059254040553435360397444650993725507452127477820766859236159070974204514281362156361495968903161994222700825800
2231234046323964842602361033236684311038633571563965762668970125159431168316364793191351729000958068187715242930876778118365126
0967020148060045963966458121640283348948132407097784342111426011211692372274414489985481236783110642969061229593384194970583663
0518863000584387454760957529314643812512823643579550158516331617073251164731368407116086238782619225015253603821594850218277314
9500480699512272865605970060364505765826990178852739273720908237913877224017867775678563171957729835114722642208632758208282247
9138815300684460564222550599375232818221500256241474012816587003367381334232108533309664763635997507997023730828738583077664669
8788277264997082732015978733262501251796460091814731315709354222338224334551918351172940509755714499856609104221032539934398062
5201268981606265439495692981057225390935909458631770334121087316181673897848115792408678690299457980695904707677321358225662858
1753894444989509786731779001286291244699622264775676367978135041545186928742736879462156569826451402964970455781449463407937916
0502111951096040580120210611615484977765606052460541731989539917916976249725653281972573849533515652151626503088059881052346467
3880078154575290219658231687424062098862063067654268460424536569017374872824177081255701341783967148208402475928724455704261768
4392256036256639333393028072709593018903870460743710545351823219115495656631234924513636506499865017761998475934414247147614073
9879823269518650692917107025520590107178762204459762006129828636469652976104262657652867426597078219790167485035259125893130526
4491505097353181156857564911252591317148670618490859288558887139051313551147429010258650026546020137477020225229299116254389267
6985649712270923660498384674089852650962875340575045596604964662128408959309248980968270692814095597628820086983662450615030773
6856393844414418123694511010327503283724147879193562418774164993500731367874976787177535887228795026180482876909284579667315939
6933319890504711538399213021011090982613851985557386817639509779738587337666166285748238443831950809951451700040304637246662798
8972237565184004138743415214250280650420991574154677063216686873786654244381615346208802365774879184715316421935088510122029692
6620712954831004627906209308475373401688370427674946161939930227860450185388905612087218953668667006558048824549749639289702982
2252979368901033426647735610872049783979382409247439935969647741186385842273253355085952551816588123321471149874812539836048112
4296535534263007024565979896369915411490254323267398694533004344505948807352166933785377686738429645888455485219163542489241753
3740204196364178691705296568637646938043711157073683455458837069839389554673644717418013786210053159123354215579725572298341488
9402853270709855032434056268150751702914142055269816941745088351607954708943354365301302743628246326922883750858759728646811815
7702984283703968225748705248163911320353463996186650929366431271533557842658056577524133407573715263399635592058138266058468047
0714364441200044139354320382443415251209148277388628504182113543224388038221246572844030594506529807381529435302712895155562998
0439249856337395882945730885613068512496256701244515252923706394988734280606704794447812748091162906835016774939625011625452587
8701684848748737861671752322431955447724661967607517009813604790923987516158908955881849157986515334551799664962438730731109340
1331695486624815425190823239475277990544123745272288937823732446789801006674641059010522745250663013852871097862751638189259629
0016943722810447477028299392663967547809929491638369830715943306970577569121839921705532284065788504261357162084070598074698898
8301370408134947453196729774027640676030589016291539644959237246218491449189371838582480346507102754824929019477369849852385466
2141296007314745921128534279212951822200061786556429858733058886029876384472876002241385397319110771995753216118435172891077520
9778033995372614700099511429265411943800576787023724043391866778854759353346452408608492285235768924255415140931221126895275706
6825951183619818611745057594180574765846145064255544523604725057011807870654883273137368630387060066151211603237021909384345606
6330524686796934177420756525152826921339672339044318925623881985016143335928837573713885535605018904858579244102576335089585010
6476163553560279805504121578981537068558170447489713068606370855078339092366601341950660196338341527489856914865088585338744059
9336566578276542977779339876759708356666986167810967015943735975240831465492474205336898814725322385265950743359319117386285955
1003736656415305664502391530550831810874960043692083942495595913831106487788016650162073804988081719551806867379947943364891966
4573789346107222063252149996048100164143705560186510044433851243141510350751823081763496713992637129016266999061673393254758192
0532366470306788734368951439658028825164454629260106890282620855033982533015451546843353901652120510130789111458392221784617757
3253852880221087799999614626290882768972817659832607861376923098885595639154736935283503251479471872499871522284582447822302040
6285682722317206257124522813577367514121775302484636697810948128394195942996079881830875566043123925277038343926112033315427349
3775226925665315936530276286731605375257672911376828473612175726312446039948354980701402997357293119532073936998664168131452515
9033989479402366425600648174316259705202840220576987680353222246016330572206033521947195443476632332503203414941943726000075449
3497459952076058462828783375726894554577596495151945532419592454939988268844456907659575363299273992966202955633347460395801503
3425070812671430759768577458384150050234482462127557226191091262303333548668785285283704391650036078067518873006221217224813250
1772566105841430765131974198596141137685703304393653624186537427347991201369580105964338526460016536799639038488848966636423096
6770176829068426450217510320589346020757715335312260267538371974073805419798173049507293562584393319422383700569196675270010649
8817107380879373164458511189191184591118659927137093795839429896643513855977855984835472389317216929700259038397397174527984545
9182176191236023496232040243155433201447895622909243154991531577802143936144665255362367572046313372242799588041424257757065202
6776868876338528332502171518394602792217092464624165442452676081627495348032268487133922812426314590277917132179444733559137458
2894505940700668608956696393712351416879091173479440509500831009675626499007967467374789971290965256917798968433095199887640804
2933556414955828193417995654373126786599609721238527340939127371332396349156901995803794360944816870450892560704118441975220867
8553706670591731040619297656286157301262507708170329674504933402137245881090232925455937213553504830839742590855235282434383116
9795978189578883639204205303262814903090980902741535992637415797011196591002116065669674171784371634354111486560182744790314795
4119132103638186216017314646897106719838984255536083613903341238051086509058863316947216192276628486590741349320633205188806897
5670698885913664671019828424294908157556037863822378418679559826760134301152250392322845741422553340998938758664406467756180798
7800330341660310724142951110753435998016854748165017611258286920601003037645494210716339815788133485140202482683448446213209716
8180605035942700911937960726293062276511453378796626425148211321573098417580088171144007867547815289216240544844126601589466966
7821272307041782298994133562164496850666805515425583415056198384421212580796187662587737326754702942280674718201253410570348983
1042240816866808878998548317060777151321655529169893824595029339588028328148179827446446643616423322057981572730612868764050015
1252481771070461052389437601673649482439048233841755345725688472923079857771939132303119904339949419801565589936559095363036112
9690992931777916802696331919514208983516033826094247916936120742724743873182994969726283601645253015955852055017097669830871832
5020330232719825823684760306159154637346729706124058199917604069885798242234996370123942691457916122474221663868046994104598933
3075139912987034850456516141324884611162536977850304751997334983975217864864834605427571083113425269670859785386338318467147612
0588929507981854517277972648054247858977149919377574480251256787460673116218337687478964763305472549592601599187647039007311159
8091499973422866102588159323886136790375349337327388200287148626779716184548302459458465936817938524771802569873742301251650117
7114931231277684778417144640504976098202413303636808727117937611520910337365455884518757181692362707318939628346107928380267487
4950235887683950624565704360578955553783208046483127644086525832912071037741169842458625817412278583829306158758057435134618696
8199425955265652644399992914133529916068954186792582922740480043066932022166380883075792995446339961281184510898029007416993672
9600726548050421231768431078919064425306219469503912968092554459127359674333330276775477837154780938957377807571696713004700625
7295599369136487293154800206051955319915985280570186743302107975100582206721744471004980480977594771538574498512856521123216578
6297798457301239668561079936581574605258366525996359269984364801565322122584365843225724581654618783605926367931879918225442452
6533005631078137948109852121400341144965267577414971222703110484819122046478368287561575133762804019638669026806894198861867537
9875087635268237028446411260770380453643015454432015279985047995719605753073640336797720945754884595273185611911133456865738261
1289442162696753398201423924491482730765830984320927644525084976853458311031303193411990973143614781325043459014068347046089289
5407587059442212092113638721767282263392344800170580359252927060347500966261590384053868270413268344224069405566567860000139705
8360711621827142923632844470555921440996634627172367848310520969393805873503222609811062308946619951688125101610027026987846081
0944723049476073716566027637737569127176067300129222186002435041592350356420231369282460258580648007773781925508162225156920162
8475983626059931171149310298021646566523963848825823192493400102745845807108661239544077702836139330088359628977689491846874286
9167471361458822389556369913209606973474148790242038515231761016355472551050907573614312829544645064709238887157780557241782741
7014298247554687536486236050770971039248187073536082362810060976896826815113357515444053263548215504897920396644014795535941249
0560999088691723682614108804238530988595549473233071643241045493910124491974900926784898185428410219894939857122959475910314078
0706992135879838500099998224229773341412566822617554024599579881313516475013871821845580144033844736871959630619808210884015298
3257284534077293882786787542863570138992146936142087051892058183105267975351672517356758026095332624891123361507959805527300464
4074440343205139647276844490970010808052229358468787479224053850708044118534407822903344480715673998402733320764968913814756460
7541792444051749131437550370667287159419463038893712135130829128921018730253201583423068101308427818790061823168162915307740555
1517558628903132612936551305596370414201320454890625631435775037687907085643182588609436062805330988597026150223859036793476645
6591140085443467002438387440547002194892167702007183254656681949652141186889776360123350307460795672547510863464622633652798129
7586611318404573147896264171755514255213812732114705872658268827371541849326158561820698871403138855140301594042187495345343587
8296969079616469879346007981374601146907653922591351081026313152884017339179855411584129459367820354848581380738645777750515335
8731520753126192088044684618604970364839081511006806274832524720914395021711036520236353757973882463981033460910456305044738117
8522729809358153390546384877141395094866223397312997581315815377215593011496352023911920483284381829852239261360027871178466434
1761342609588366253125631150586581982113849076981180786682830283076537811478367306351425774976563602440271445970009753618288192
2190966255981782407270090701820316391321596233574351800067587131465490412933509752425381764960420707947936543904169527628499764
9513655081411394282745221856716659032453348163674130701896927299389413958771625248039619427975826651601280801943472380714643137
0617514295978753057337209914173385759751936634152085643157967813155609425512280471102235144051790721763863647958187237685008587
3639355491023500583172147594486316367021278514106274611239107265098592491987675254836995000835549078267373162122839134981244694
3032030608995234928881439477961757003027720355891764881759463215674265954842081986273329762678139617217680974433220699552082278
1162323720318256232198753258939220028085022540772566418699150206741508982674558652349158167206478285853624098497667218452569282
5449383863141380776369123912608347050738601579475359170938129811063143046219515664348459639566915361115334890006657006031842097
0352577524785516785715741803748070461694324222115473415680064156677430016348738412256655844328208932407174179588633693022145069
3240824351920886083704779764410813380504193208597077988968552959949184540967132284829781189340533621232738907229081350464536533
9963137564898255760485048365009768861444430624328428769392562608655048396702090989488644412080235346086820241525013306324575413
6313120896902229376551555163469139342705609183907471905448131939609829452611107992213294654747615543541094148280055017927542670
2193326928610645174628017287211712211408683079421721839813537852939457890561997238125898536070007981217325358023811789787011723
8243869736268481951401784440593310926754240433539070013976127357814953175386685024013642745787559590618261612069606519053423542
0179110493828168312231149822817828204338127248358983471224771340698766448231962762617835559498180861959832229135237920163613151
4787386815157272287656433720722356482569671165537977997843012106191355180546649834098738516604856452092754246704403258051505371
0634701773994997694376147550495812360818423051628930021511577756465075343321034591427451854134383867627150784580620161049855432
0766676598258381037189024267219785521248498516810290597640526034223344261052531930836169758828566004912961881921058343147697444
6482511785125094948376527886610692241647293945078604787929517099856009510498982203730650348969745313708621728477885759515338493
5205196085155489849560658125068733947071196666550006357643461400687947338189762369344420067691692171235090223284004207347050790
9809626775201561107404043309301598988061425083419682730787633868247584100867048954636838021112840948572297116645919603622359907
0822943415366943321888436141210445288839456758217953163265370657515497810970631795622846252681104767475177503937782564413276889
0099794234571476050102251924980186262893747705880229668101192044145818046711997376029940219465691893053496893208450200931362078
7338980161503676399103395907119988361285887220551606875942870878016149229490400212073840391368478482151725734739290023095487410
7899326915683751786630813196982092775796371026481722729931635095642264999233728389534905015911812126591048864589797672830096696
2751118177471534985294175817313968889734356500489672942275914873801559720503551024017816293024629330339229860581633938440765263
2579409952433198069628120504384999886282779583918285844878077794508256550262226622072460752726666294025165627679376513073930940
1557518549380248705140615993858146675367318700594928368305022009826106738355680320673267541599976659073767016002316705812605118
0706655774414337358133841048392051795234166451755892548200847217249090290629891786004054678210061272314883459040459769608941760
1894242091014594788195514987048397793320863358408872612791768967887371355399390803287124928045545098723504490408131463760999333
3060272094521186414251733828941054176318890330197109603090531231771409739699564694060282342629340263255630493316904735659002049
1028815907660526325417480678219858187627208188992524766305787455603486273947607751634385261335594552079352038645485771077029993
0683468157651545576501200944305620051155390867906355388005127965874177601579306536442110166029928489048442610212141268455617318
0988081700313980006604864032962026305268670102163784987963985127384885587927642407664223367758558519122248185218742873483956807
8435692954315269375984976106264988536738299966701776101047442064080401887709348151446333391726616352591853741366988778921917957
8956328839854159854532673749984321247777028190876411555620913589749860701945785300696279975495557163768982684990843868186778431
2520325381475441756157721367873710939223796803781885424158254911912476533014496257166233162377942526340788173572154209732321202
8180099306765466453860728219641256442389031828386563717730489464926442454808958172470108839488494541309400369186661157251374638
0628247148382602252920534144240581556722670156430583076620252695866327968997749969112676595494827895760196984828212360640034869
1083401588117745555669152288505435653771338944376475705488767101152826312238533625308441022273664874833693060276780849703095095
1156085057274283778724094356821366624982478225088443694900412624860954703963723162086763699442272343649549404340286403255643105
7910121814653271873529362722249047841930063953194714561480180469523505989148782328178679381325533730833709002539304255163521040
1625855113537607234401449098110230513476322963277630854102799933050565678807805089239388422442620697922678611315082884292068865
4371620713456528072846857825011777710835705836437187394614071662418465730864540826899869210260117229659041798505650538477261368
8985576750846387981996728278040998786610281073838965731512714567426037576813755214228497693635971824751946973019990502558550741
3401249486943615979298276104790818107736649764729969044884395409904447217117866856126816079991915988836153438356752147841144170
4762938795985970542856369222277414531064648102624695688826552014393694646959714635482411149329964264665288374841117934547255987
8266183745098026650707351627828760547702165330658530132998099760473617506446329738701905894912433667123567916471538563863907720
1749733602645901685261363936495062217041689057898136406969925562689807608184144495204588063954048062251421026224871438707736424
8548102168448428644279598842714118177587767821370906237000294038845928905112282335030976267725288843840126116450813362024012439
5938499597145637343173003399875431713125443282016722261731991805628239317480073706051380874344456692406363674536084190692646142
0730500561374089587897509875647211800809704761282604727960645054003482860298243507208373227297725664305984934399424216469588628
8419154111597746163254112932894914530620901371133608712199806376981269451117389112518987662727134188058972066300128519445766440
7937806580759161251998478953470159484262859343028238192145225348422179576900021837242945100592904945106701907680168893307572302
7516873429370795478978284132360296301129718931677825172903818753611017830921544550227392257770205145640364461713731347634995836
4812445494938381664839724186613091405433366166945041207304600303147241282114042034521353097954231266436563888803937496834589712
3378087498752524611421562976032943128888258876939559646852575538636633313807640898785156463287303741217790696080003514700600687
2916828602935343245489574829087284839505734067476926451104496434541582983914416281292812699388088495707067652976139900162078153
1962925444708479245069456050692574860960690835458249514553536707157865617717301444683893731781098151767222498616081872995504896
8173903682609218746993851247188524280631112843215665762250628484523471921122641923241385617676960635551184550463145418449684690
2919933149036430836155770474842583951453613631150982113752681626101371527818957365564134323888669717562193735500885632774199608
1609040194815030093545138643057865379099082109649230423000768558709693305039551156969735710643672277845208035827493067182565724
6908049177553254273158603203912637795720376483171212869602699514186725461068506421013630496115516175113680573200157037543353536
7096806396941038667344905110986317666939904573544009284947400783005195693194103701914010433669991415780015087815639572682791514
3680756978168727352707707927350530897842094443052210887958488018513662258743146529661558086974070289076864455883890457256934114
1990854389059420349848505548169668954938843880071111806085356892226974097003547436768393216697877346132002814225746150600875921
4374492277982018508835930955357380285574652568017468028145914088210165891776161047538281175076369924948661559170128551211440651
6393090046195615488795758266312386404911848462625030168594274415704463604586947949625250757933039912135660379167156550736214014
5728243934436503311699358540925223297549609990942386098315769782770878982264993140803173130768644963918006938211060093506696811
8242993502087208931436768299544970974899425557012952209431499521399155627662162396837380424393929443574272383673835625796387465
2907417733054963303298412175669470571774232019901402324926626651661243360954715973085766036500273697051651414938093042950467378
6785894337286818807967188916007632157799934091531302525882785328964971157321099749451607078727217297793573097237856806946698841
2698558719450879861393803875387234736047009367170703129862250880475805397892793129358764218650002148641764709592993056227677164
0081971305438865752091446464085352177755237063190907377734114566649793616356658589817576855323559323530686449621884731840150788
1826939540243947080817186653825740075444935631469715645767626335326860305087307127848152820195439244125563274241365606473310540
8086243883958240578268878611599696204485799969418845316458163879163274209827292559109804125366908746820981499563030997204003905
0386391010049409963011357239704626669689746915426124197111331235480408669200583724344735150698143659880232480059746405028850204
7070621356175994235487518719187218494861976025281218293612423462113181646903473241591007825352754630207984555163787848738511210
5746214941035113394857005157649321493185603337720914119128667915231061424163637568324581504110784614852811094476768652380182856
9112517888906528267503001049949573135127874375506725576149307826638851599758326023611417494647191891545342374452874064341534379
2427813650814077661287436979575407398921688136831196702246080880472345267198382221158754713144173467705458354166291752011017130
3427037443878854401716449891823089902160247151232344993329995686205840347612271617101573796125148445827775208799719717001561364
6663271105359323644532079372626792834540392816461024173260479629489907065371009161907255452160867279588979514640773444750654047
5973386387254971355387042682264494417370956942797373987206113528047687059080572493246240752693790196755839336183495531383520500
0786113322119991260636829390212550532753074849695602064584008995135867708856455125847634381213436388672553141147016113632022246
5315245540985412852477846866194175059739189599584743384794049685678013782286205098025299864897730658726559776885622145372207093
2947046237055804495388214736381241294012375243250351412075115454784594240484997746146442841037234277389231586332048832314609602
4940560326735767175083614737052886039378277408442894735731934794992054788139312451587128497131293085948245032106415584594528368
0132772291233611554088929401128017045937329980274933241381990578374018596495898631586186020586965351932668997510872004538098971
6387651070790112849045385204698059096706128798635300671169181792420546539133767532896269735055635232257735434930885609585584847
9016459024097607724588041340562451108743288014737496316921528251742165151671257409207041532182399287641327587310586187223956817
7534883738445463926481692970148340291005837757179973259685921796789142441810657257829230854362459214897426800925224271446152113
0560193061957298132549489635518745231685759631661778699250394638322691452161479836232887573811183208096513244778566157714733211
1547430295477490963534296984638628258877576273566145152920369666682577588376652374130208299869130148553971805471715526321961195
6131510592032893543765491267410178707297913936975805122290905928404238596549066769665229727337467790389337961037867643489553699
0609065177988688342181444376437189336384085173474299503743870199156371216381879438127542687917993261590322648797772549606051885
5486486858037007564853644084702405129390388809213365108089374357918264647019430516503970264903210163964653753490047274772902330
0461300174226405350596681300475321223682365336534045385167141718398138848125986935473489411898994178547406946367385725330213907
1293509274626976153463652826393079169386713361776443893666230924263947932847701762953659799461100689690446626123374959253884277
1306373580520533113454583490110255646387329350405309931889447247185635126485724261288069862689556565591921946727772549017471108
4575946994632942954732825619796920704805541065043930109567542878956936210283544264617080903536339854736947121491562648913229061
3705434044613436537344272909123399762720035093491390444488810776264889843570633561219106570438196072991495500597843887820183050
9436774296203905562085230110417550251074216179370977223886873788396051869595539699599654175540263842606847704783570758848289347
8739544541060559735321933455321086474549444477666793232318769795339438758735396350156993223591143789407202109979058296632555075
4292457420547255026544250001229816943682894619632431862491477990869504856164569154248439119907994750443837979614731379296026483
7759359950784829354681821925764141180511597239315053998175532245470389364554510124781233539932768390441633522487434841829277108
6460068597420725351564334958788443977520626552046510044910725038151710003467025913052244964411427404827820741380296783360351862
5211054158075000733081570753562084145801231533068994378093380973748015206056523195741701721944088905307131000364624646104412959
5581089920926259625216459931700561828077094118449960988240945610479754976194870306805076133937666171790939426378434449418282506
6039057527913534217575393813423847928955750038761332266774182283692275076570170104686335201401167177077211434292507428463611621
0405115165537284758792010216853186661681734615099607405177733845109910013152569350731884598363743840624814198617754273927011515
1407618016023682414983073935592618659194377480743081488662206405541839291934958759003119610099774589701968015068594030177949217
0790315691986911016674475309797543936300728937674591920985541138152579574295860682375269717640514911824203818306809998011275060
4382117983381412972994275528147432373242673418215434465602805780063289348278856395267652713597654578622689358031371373016193682
4971203890127140128708179164505005602256484886747097346823610758765747601150832737555748482400760746795103492345268624660081193
1238474101549902789927134668369786012288633703563425355984226013256465916402333622807942597885223175366854363298056733781480165
2475056989181989715935840837103963570756393472493139600699839539995767516688497969127775142807367604482540314805881080534085920
5110483916952128964226635567750120557932419254741576165448818621280817929369091427028028668168593266857526132988629197479499338
7382097529770364245616319813419439630747996451787212372784898440040645194051307376865641947314145623284843530906118562837024282
1180719306858134644273288620402473339088866088558646666749328622134176944113672979075244216767608666882416653166422367766359934
7454692494850748528168077614552490356358640467830959916873691009192683520419187156489031520981784955116022176529954332656159900
5703126531777606205672012335960434796458742284617167876316278828807209603472901804370309819783462306443611963348173237324352923
7622935915352142387734818536448742013947936195902370636105913778439778154319304174619967238291501475263405722167671985219327033
4192469391918128902822325360387297654953797790226858555687025028458729211895927349803665945095655786671449147679921097155626406
2780677237649339975622761955036413080116980723465856549727438471457957358521359815258203894427475417964365478268462653223640340
6384355742271287800278025268983527483432389226283229170112845354988683227778986191910815226499442938779725664362022274661446656
8983529286956750153487719136198257278584599062333134754547317517831680020077715886321603644059583997509690986046227389994861108
7329782796097322937140185361853575699691754834694652931632748528792770060065607908729085140248378226282625852546158156687855610
7542858690282896923167331772353246169388345238738453225427851985834084721866947550098641275435407170332769801857389664211235898
5799583185812386717849837795175430854770749931463501139883970148364355569591352178627597816164651268936590016366615235430971843
1626691744466309451182517845050907803525893409042451069687831523577743242687080029262942742968372360368621788807914146915526880
5318459023686131069631243003764992320489381131276662425282581511713606116289353391248019203404378565007089996278162834011328054
2940914263304203321901619997487124198689066488749388375440671721678381773728920019056941032982814050260828373786697860844945937
0935106263610485636127316359361586585062460943315331019818757835533567856247177900197592421873824025425985298148601575872003838
7678845567273084139170475285839065925039600025616987691701666903861540800590513965950744386259900437461673353720707990879400851
8954549187260534626790030686600472676242184422173770737899202674956746463128211733652450269429272431346452882295888511514249530
2678743312277245350760231139022995628706226321476561623183303095250671287742041881664219630594695703026351221927214229218759706
8754746770599874955073426285210045733061478934256278154824723752843570542480374148666553082213624470594178380618511944338556770
1258342170448502309847524118053510267304683961421264512188294654208652383435713573419843151024833136714917076044792376946554552
2686790894179727162588194653073820095034068415445717821765878768235572220948743946189649565838289653662296142578461681042115408
4979975702994756010947392018214486397764251254586716632357033001934850295130508675410334819960903160411122706650159720668896818
3588969475934951426055953320940144471459990302441248110905750552714828775127383961567862284258836730043491152173444309138622805
0885835602018492226235865580484440117123283431801851414462459989105042310153202450298431895243159623304698553633960555968674076
2495404637338396778354332975443524901010204103490577360377282407257576116606492214532864036869380580423420924036214250605437552
0273823801820228766960129999040441972228765926389245168282516822705610151382079832776017382538534107323345050070717318572440468
3719693296470114077607298610532514071278447231443437795910351532332738448270051379404482177889663554053263746637709700053641967
9828951429348008059079973550469791268813640030847883313731919419849614743360559828672182938947231250356355114573949483277719010
8160147790535337222916241165963603517851503563087426894556730214593005608351479878086372777584308199478067490440060949884647159
2948684894394971841029364986618911826288588400559264365297543464936912860908849309130216792677280193265598685884468366012698447
3139146768567604514882268160880542261286448423327913447026774946542138981930662613526814753066924945383435581070740645979592320
2648770517875200683345474598491811627153093170689853703611806314466352414707945002443742160480066256003350127740349411901099140
3308592816806695381210143529051488111319581220479904092647583948868369653515446635908476209492392955841254295107008775348098134
9546057832057661112548846778480873064251831646186943320977718022174333455691510572548784701482794043711785251965805930805124302
9797598220825240487337675580868560618123083511865310119111306172185132317065154479238514833175902325985968356007574306322665172
6169700545459665615556940263207457415925074513750097043236324790451429771342105725243301487094857682554118664272164353388631072
2065773265591123476370674843120027879502951065822173174917589895449890375502164860452910893685397468281488262706240927914630538
1707471421521563472417257512298478800552951214730430454446551411959701879859928077389843110236600965268158074916952323108191254
2504020366275453319690764881376901720307904782764373433647976640867427413961893744590272111954111461916745192557787193817126040
1588579151481338108756894573873934357158704669830936720767495898488860812251579113152660788061419535504615986627104261122375990
7331623622011754370645778091243569467777379728540842719407347993337611435365175147413009114962875879124181378102542276566594108
7484609326756980072187285780841286543812762762534587441056462410575222582806689121646585229111979073490526305371963936438467919
5706586317647554978296224372749817614542161459685489294484897802898801747536653246958762657311576344225567199024088879682797895
7982416710167868709570332702438980645861985176457876981357976675349506324625350574864591977896798566893422693217353865223434242
4612810517637816971256206727690640808547458195070320671241318078156152911173576755031013652809873321281227880993755057868636257
5869566853914426396407700744200965755799089377206196772845889331869496057116760154715122075783787728423594874902542137832225559
9589225721722482637458883619679136109478999500918895037360018469933679740571642521146059558547268528193088694289457407297389417
8114608149302113225536168603740452239048816211285413122470267658232185443153634579198429078537401989102386028340268733889611123
1658771744647637356624539664960206812688702241127922503053926273465214516451739790546967335354319444825617690989800359892589856
0053465651697302095039711511050038742810220818349852842019182724663703883278427036626489847521335203092583455303768771456368837
9461783935995459315552854731516681231226811974225458662840484653357703794689886592991537310946084831023202899386375997693481512
4533585921481186000403378289480817856084298244494770175994273545179036968044114231324393781909984894250047249639320078105176941
0088337423065130496692628858394850230047403024636567775158827661121094757863694577077324592397639708861018849419374525563390572
9433907825695888321692655143225283986904641901823924591220365135713855259383744336203797993519930945597887702113356326830645826
6988446116797840398450853279454162958768243775646820798515687585868046231740714350466068297160555230698894793181661331483900976
3228255598385373641636782196372646263654896275851591790742732186929071139789500558984105284755563028281035328678092579289714000
4681011094010579149015425103883784622081638214345888273901960768244903621448040859732301956914911242855175944393888342553563087
2560980412018398873410432462155957943116348971819529996430919042949095207925589612393187400930103605496273814170584912659092382
9069469616610979589154787060025562176784632650316733720274832314981371020706161084351225782272365506817110974959084699634535788
6765587755549143676480283034752182178980320308874937062805295265849032617917049285075020134633510431916668093086266525800515736
1987129393090049213521579473208927794007157494973792406906256045288699283419276005662236119067885571670938877198469481410429981
3722619269607651225319072582934109199126677644296125933160645018724047938190291886105626593185859522559253131444513872231301882
3878903450400959596968323921819162239731394330071230682797573061816799122019281619186466630116704421984435128057686311537024574
2171772674581440679441147914828465322671796713303729214917204516452594596558898159147461291026535836576291138961274078954494387
1278996875658664588862768319875101010284199226028473900312140448349990579106956212227946883352757991736474264479730037979113425
8251737524782800721142346398693390112514424073577724343296177123905498209033583895128953063498814237667366732979745537429555278
0896743149526940034664390783553213882383502205749882093466354195761918368893140199641725113693740413564898871253806941096124190
7796854830589872123486600630498401268330698814798157768931103798808711643064916232366065296644778046047073412187780619253278677
6500537503531609708551372800808683958268146390074367413801774325497534682441389495398023074938743544207866592122064463211672009
8374007659269318743410884141200642883663626493756879447578129358932170292700541285549708569643545027306452528039696051958912164
5461313220523803049639223578843432913631643532704665479011316367050573380692644563882130994146341345324086855525040200238888685
8089200828994642111859047971321583377842360402699515255215765930754030446170133309029861283548123601950771958367816928039501979
4921861981592932540366839797291842409375656173168252866766746284441002285941098783812692417408647250610811303546299712956961745
9167799975366484899208629064327399424255199740686280222254809555146344897012896217389558240697588684347940576269967072665683864
9259388885200851860744997606520800745929512006692275733677005833780389985037437438896650034386964970221299725643606029624930990
1923555984126235140744073661251739569863134027553494228555366490941034788475845541690058986834251129830243447779754071605873640
8546321296959618681680784347875855095908171158196021873844044080735403609307093046577378976184646301996038465275795577308210631
0292841602799520083981301964025702228115813520124006499666068950846030422607104364257191751077960220252620197225981403964787782
1502322992487049171872430148257934075524270686852895414785698734102981748355080650539194240735935759095611779799454232906920170
7645673745116807956634247517521534891766878215315481669195796109233157590171328181080639943010458633508897705148841450600988472
5372622766288568973430030404326811200585106334044292931194542876927622884286129265334479806408440904927200146880239590676743160
9737852886366125426992930022076166695307759649277919719824038921587655496096287480936269368326605698820270793854355939980396762
3180790631743853089037422811844405317287386545411386410379668362987107109358079426452748318127402761332147799830440163526016129
9051792458167155549317710812956107571797762247756516089487421498534083002847984096816239076561386593955153876706013822381927681
4173095560231171732875361485159122658902814416236442472154640300288401422165407659115651941434514022078384640403200843998671972
5966470556331046673745430553457883526280940892044422560744252802816860579980940340917982940500224988618235941234788610789509168
0789375239650015659257828854233372959702664651151444414363942452653680312005125741160555543069598467797693116222658921071003474
8906623899466461239060702070337224569185523906567051838309830757794131815206179504935357263945463042333252081048931892858013514
2565946185596833054040544913117114680329109501977878093743966290348734278988799428312347727405020457211698124070822545220367599
7887639027440626642608258462581197685627001806341140783071773706310063459682140433859377089948217599328491885205500920242752765
9105042785087589492163764806502467978793005126850254340679666786999523605304678430709511644540488408967072195820451312364898977
4806602335002501148210169758225301946374240051070758860058332659173580299590222924023022260764063882929324416573334085874519685
8860484115578005776711551777005731510087855975894724843956874006078066036507250577776451260714027733005242056180700853839120022
9972510062716845450929888769682540876602068670550887529330503339523242901354677312818632650357341649500497585776441604969459550
2623606137079639076047135393717143616094073824102105929404170935516181957666178130675618698894069752882863773580174806425770058
4036671892720176871088682314351824213287902597131301780764439176800136663620269901795969751693427552587437595932156820043424392
0677294124292240149296066696637747776445858679559483174535961774585189431151122220911414705647847144029722579499169874681984001
3515611659295600392682520429928899147250410034409210806506732173247308027181439461299331344368884698174936563300497600474483708
0063773420552619484426050490136425686777123343387056930411442496315945289353053161802745807953399447036489317450479861853401831
1025437802898670603956439520711493780674154126180902484921242469929281393551385642769157018539956452797615106532069322627218483
8759796578568398063968102679425317647163292357375418469803494058822777510870684874739268000355169575539187937262850844553141671
0520130761108166376660600783005143635657232142524978468353606381401953088627097253750920455395288123559132491257402067683088919
2890887289996966535342242107315365601206035014159576380219737883962373302977227719789793402712556663655879816814402801231940391
7075049290134330330911964129274745947329781151686133509827045508476840011833420977165532815261601339404747681713954176358695787
4190862513692697255977164180664759574127822507052658315853043337010650269787647027656260221445450941719360532423677717036461514
6908155746961875390092893184110336543104604423996158420042649680420697682015958655453176718660496277341803127921088518280061343
8331309328194407889735199978235437818800306669005429636917360222653217191676841870581785131998034245906906399415366961802496511
4025301862689940996141896458524993405457637230423945068131717803505952316603722440206101338781745994056920279938566008667957974
8407156560172061727221211500538117499687747789630891734019549331980906693172176957439813668311313041124185359330130579817813671
7466416959132373028000515440426004927338552129675365950832267054293724597329240325990928091976976797329108528262309484406803795
7029882344252063506996455416881601769204928489785629548747090770306190718064516950313796925310576174715934481881905681054628070
6880642279419324327941511209000580929409891074059158709439715032933825582097408872913695012908119133558817540571147731630417054
0450976304961807996926719984418185237945644387146277128118939816965978556618267349869880710186417738649005061794411263100794703
7430304052534898545934660709004803179571319216041424124846029027406133093839979267839656729246840664461817790155804024698154985
7645544772776077953527747512204638297554270388027111651502874795299134795410937797070656228161921719694817879801901345933313665
1313410076049663998827811921356048583498283359569530324863158193199961087225704771561935232487625934010979224924950123845221938
5542450907649094312430747916423053695607417672358828335758664117685424978394617325307248658166202146920547925646776725087468720
8125710483678181819120321493187443931435742819361342552711290450551262872707443639793745995943576289709507020621251828473114770
5808995455056792083922234742431742082106369821885564948694790039533752228468465967393391425326441602867483086230714643155046641
2407915004627569028579526596926110527896052886334582385573230907225818330304996992697006735418150830862621130034997989250568103
4747836691209220024929494385208567863244371223110054782899030754719240501536232821233744154670656379727685527957774155672319475
9632183735133215405359145903218054467186662532650851575633645907886287911612022173510068469813052313582577723168904869118582615
1758443894147315526858202229285381300192667883978558926059924490571584269631902778078169815289434853467255533171050775547788250
6827379725903576619807972215479471705793002981926808670091729392075163455575073588508765374074600361763199064144608650998814612
1139348883195112842120618191199370895634072657781661691958053236883789482321308598352679539450892103726749423679416567117182472
5628380449503846780627597266237186381426941668768981275727365655268389180764025467621494196092237996217033830813378898293373834
6249982118767143075646051931844250281862161753132641089322013640269043322260625061753846454820580624883961230554153956989845603
1506389246361534372134008198497771836659467625678409854914006570144648661265229365915719554541771143877999578976720337073985818
7005263179523699177762675340194056182817188450058666203568903779623473238455975919469726862072009578002483873154457672262756142
2974648493466373909300392298493641388947991203930909247567333382267233769728042131150238686456747730553128288781731025800074389
5103801198075821222369482103926218823537252278659224466101143285542928579893855240568803378461857010249847636234366813910593321
8255444368358914408018189587539831385866661807993390145935560791507824844153502737089683973595182396850151415917641412882278385
6994623624086457510788033568938511176649748143257081559534249807952079088004873263643117220080770572410226081636499222544341556
5868861827549149829709753995576140261303291609060728919357591890769431437067208298630183272025511291993873213366101172628545169
3536668590020988868465523872067378130539719812107645831862475320339405404292929655894962610265222780223832442563481658864747632
3855559579815655284020206856324714890689773172461142431850331038157366681406979208119201701019291754639995462477549126425391350
8450291792039621077539436402960450989801386738795258875543765926494042577259109968714035988972694939518009619956412673656801521
9433075795122748111293126771649210779744396506362417079033687912993766618349565561906099136133480366162159291355560623721579187
3378797875509332216281558051343681937584540368139917115626876588840206579792879445323063696609803160334574023091211019696117960
8286659856511129135392256673984667705469454940089344874655311260297659378259031305125448870028720171028350742267966605006358033
1559883131888908511800248016547342952257309383028102249271256078844439208862517563884780187208616611438790446776997799461384713
9213000700276768725565441947730287329227888200262127732583001595805481558214719061412862292967561082950848644790833398460564723
1237463356367627789252505343790157426584837476951882453112990120548575795054118752744721410491509448371890573822392145256573546
0705282244277315586839396249472907788988824858086668101214804950902161992883203183045693099700874860748969961552066568180233875
3649804362910298143091615106831740058421008356128934335979284102172120855125136327683861035088765145754792315464262726624806783
9434730144784579817482674138286237679514020123482574946846405367389289759453442305761634017866345369865209680919734485563877769
7735810389258589718835809442124950108708303704945904199371845065484839372522859566124912994258804441548671551838820818437896075
7383779025406555287701082383561184897642996999173556341153509465466385364878232088945280693653997350128318569872380406482923450
0873625836034957145587001580511059464110231294763738687292419746897783167632026738408026265866915946594910670670203196220111099
7591072259741426420367322902499121885937012842290323842004604562106110626665272233088406003591488022718144482545987747891823870
9175117307974364573779518417573849521480439605413624062061689756346227400155445091604379572899069013192269044493766848399848392
5240204070345240378009455038862456326732346785249576960346569277468135720674493354585769115025511723751059422380004118585409709
3349173998694448270286501817135410477702569648480525937208264068896413487832339295364105296137401893118290448960552591536754124
2721855377073042117183109540215181252714104113649070283807754222580162122302324470826848007123339852921541117150545915474905734
4442237467667117475961916917266329385273400917266015718314637687934575915917583933649989627896013912399205012102463085560527584
4091026285900629392132231811067909337191049861336953793421590084466340471776345574531068461460044327698926685026108185944785273
5202568174541673346987530914965105932805689677456919213224331168071054852507039901870720345655716025476685968559834858758422493
0614858796890361150654138608860068135509273139791153876597516417474596470901950497034522305572817639212080825359999795816120790
4690019462662785935463711750437540580321430169890806355137538513325878535253326703788253684313085653375194280379587086774403636
1192297531414960747356858854539457018921020998476941206542822005080405209643807598603349026957600933047420780702135587594220420
6385879114957936148095665992720513226197859511089355764654052901972661068207137358088876405026746758171573905075146612191621724
7225256074560068850195651541217829216290435321680622077492940113765770295891334808874940394348277026794361425754981697514840551
6579386119350941004072171940171520374772062901476128261790580552298150743389764668933362002827319670377285437400224631386514541
8225060930462866114265671430768226751533399557663700459188510439035058277166158167696828360029527807376628848000272330091576713
0060985472860653127812993949032906458731116791182858234879179245998734711417931089452148679024170798661176089885161196837664106
3722805008939449259124307009136610112592018063781886320098372656598331954054355261215122816645348365251690431718100984807641151
7671563753475866652087409998956658850991352510305691362750704516857124752942784347614592502287785972007339688267613862027066735
1058283061155393934892259910225706182663785747481861117691921311446649045132526185682558542054377226003665649454406375422089246
9732227956822666337303879201449758438032098745926653063569926833474234804332766368153105341066282800778041496886005184241210550
3671076559003594556531982936604847786145732585941552091406028722895252734130685947197552543811727116647815405252804851390263345
6932108260738047486627928786730592183240725916073436786293871274003576099287405402166418657664483313714856186223383473022466647
3109816045417430083537878210451471667742535838802468841651352736464574926057073048472886864367560530408263557356129708697457730
5131047990674797494394562345612521219564146779615283892037401029449518064490250135341621616256327661631926681344727899774392825
9793560539429965156147946048811944830887554283992612919784433839525971829092056423046384752108153956186882584119526879128063725
4848894438740997315189560856906795393017681147097928684567412396811955257068230623390617279746246419592475583485164533349133972
9247196347885177565475533963701634576057917406510305607776085697222055528129649096213092034549229625900854393776713393006598014
0895574299458423626122169092017122327940337399418681543962293182652716019527292869659349372977261887962838657423721599638764034
8069818312801265892359056947805299813404068292205524125399036272188934298155723014962611157660369164361085013693243392717540968
1746313469892957608005716135870516847580996237870651257913684437466577959076954626426758903637186057505535214913540381448786350
0826130380070802481888865468100577235559992056039751752075537240976306665243883422413804381659448597324700429367218879041686316
8783969310605138136810926575209117557352903553802462523920408350875226887462880478648547408932195087998226093346126517623953622
3655963588132204550439064715232312197339282921758181601943083078440247650220106399066615678880555199248431536315260442825292972
2898418712339146920156618115849473564647025888554958680753487875973131958912468912448106432964749351366422577093050105438712807
1852498129286540733225557917645869957332090278845330056842464816843083325044360873406582227952116884337704935341689726805650922
3976284069253193914079828201683985526108157492968673193265258027640406409120387997580216531505549000204500196895696438933985023
7344227386409800578949975082890327124630045606308364332447462178940410322375677488036092734345158152279018751575711953710675611
1365860719506143953539467521806358327791893587420884033512557356449628421974197081525171097681451739962654458105945042338824044
7339951041651291336434788317295707347631976285149811926440821662705811682404836418364754712250487175296474328282212659994274238
0212161973979980092408896174977830808566631947896643996545492647236993898876722578200269918604906863319277003087190525085408577
4872695328272197013637039406318385585335721591609046713028487734545081008963689929406578869624586103965589484238888590831714070
3093781382852235095749474972285903266360882836791963595009076006750220113661602476802687021999748113402446232401462878936110934
6435034693320558902105688910308538965196623309949466683973971294957981775446228096356658904951613108961843850602970532678592796
9900412913465232057825708257994535036127184304885007026505543104350741668197223958911527343764741682299736861152999772201279599
0514985184283479308437214277006973884479296109534451984897036545588323471166529442587769709637302971344236763633165248653048272
2548677505362732783025625571327094753804197898599649990120724885114160782630110803234921618274764179324553264262464188071111602
1490102219572319216164107062405778780633273426833137366869390517112371874174117264586848123441331500645236212846316718716883477
6374557134532066647778099833443353940716636987739316642710720220881882944339283639205849477871629369917099561362221287484469397
5537933700604880504714026554029166587597577826204845542181354963551493735767539318268321221914383282788245529093887530478824907
4539736948571324006868573970323898689460869616752573795437663232396854974783326373421982301397494963660135114656842200560632231
5417628879269942844019831356484605118567348015685889718110291011794547506306795984565230200245047127434730978214554859175571386
5244295129306313578981901753289283565322938724988065200258490956019375699629296714989839545066652554067148655850643910689520282
2971836240187409511885225271973597558472371014435493899110877817281998758924278138897958733963027723716372919312791817550414257
3718036377547310037822620295119160273747183347935451508155041258644862468137971759991204189248362267356043409939280563151645203
2059403653814048643066476915696010105560937121353588493219472721117585709084500577027269061641086537899045745026346755806963182
4321247098580397470005864122314116779988792921164422171095663365610591552259489098505982208555327107941284015766148898178511334
4129075760977557106793231123557041651779523250483585239932004312719534628408382643294636229121610127684366632908893383504173184
2529072874533404417364878145806482135038499775952105421793815591456627903830117948809720387389717200574623969207051170720940841
8319746694698707336604137199806790228573013581807699678418425604568242103303802544153333753105945256725487631110225791990763711
3880160358558853965367146276153313624158725831047412244380280879089394407413109649993209520904697096729360273647396579418687376
2091906829462709596208568404663223009844823381264480008433097662223468678702122339891481765380241818468489069582210313140199504
7634167069455911451763369770809802453049016134384625283172635485682336911180471943157282346432504400241673963332048163371168819
6945528084709716553738011980160563280642542751055915815221655609127228922438332498633425574184424076324567457335614537707491118
6855985221224698806898182154405013337026345633363958698774698699505064139860586968819626692305575161911369355200549282693239574
9661995161189339321012455875057211575581587182476156883528607442238967236926672903199283225630412167629967841892682077069456544
5556977126081270383421853880021926196747677623279360503448724398127284807443362608046943892392030345708092629807650879718315338
2008556770184273576766805643194174770708191017610672185545130733621276522353464775534219302741371801405182864900478774809576537
3865082900785088869003731961311138273432940384506242628178208362272250891137755623037615929981020628600026015312604846649871045
1810271541153370013506194385701474067688519311563701121092950023460871685900667973434789085894353689769155959515852286976707125
9220855281244525680311255117572398240118776083069705246489217127641378521494501271090294888487837045515780398860147999941580644
7341485956164711767365322167960284966203049807458284565556017984048646824943506319395879136232290301571995491168074801397213067
5371405547126368328180403806382396944697802094247261778722922120527093199887586224288144259646007747572032786762234373440343768
9641998676406552363362334096338343938226513712459780071504106769464358782102176567281764333076640338559714360625098972864983029
5780224793125175832096440772460219675603258721147649221639684097269727175225573293185628479999177881598175668238919939024400140
5871315749737173437146622211284749783435729572078139529891438562616324259909214610231102730312223921245301659630109254504380334
6697637358599635782137313649853967748604644159075078379860391872979880640358744386814475406235163749464766557762029498100317344
9260432917913444420430985635427292687992391436924828756222785655924726309271829922076362876173530631675597755661167920958784469
8008272163146127952220122593079694523591964786341879588418492633364085713190449203278430539536800444410958318893570820694596913
5865771428552651226808077349460469511350507824410126508014924137043903316541107301501243645730254790431504727160432598689746741
0797866504326277547835398517451743711623314102885283925539211029404096358855485908679412360891989483761400122402649553985042303
6315338269917337190802305575034003552890761126872174385267928282692687307003769845400327640284655468895977857113820663582843212
5883143761391732179613778683464000760776952507578651405618216504779945736760856433526347237980076786027307666785673805176780505
2608019170724255979187609288672429113478903050968752935506997075853793110328285209939065370268834945095553185289660445134585271
5934178091636548622002305410563118241322636012045119794891759960583808782939464117247149044590174301040963274743429124451974081
9822212841254646950102433569804383682318140936706127266382165162763534213426673482380144302560262856995513292329891211427952322
4939074943058922639133209628604240951813644498408022254626546671648111368884617471264005460319454857408802054462873323814596304
3567851550694955955743156890344607975932611999373517821856035756405925438219730313496771878294219292907299376903706456079314724
4355891716120089571168867921156570013309057339164893294310027619061553640293850173132141828093723591781265620877693908024633891
3432150765823697928455051347308237232788126878764759364421680111689906395962403729413891780224106047993476140159348719814489238
0234684991575714928121012708547654894568292786765465546202194583822334911755447378931758555122045328265456840620648627956740582
6213762564459648735386518381734716590458385722741140951208497160837103126054522292981022939593107580769282971517719856277138950
9795430658880195944561326976463238641719113418421451290008508454179670774519228875316092692131997401436104108663905564902246214
9652373982485787988119955149332007099514930250170109206849474570844779657182243727422415156736246473756296181666403081597210612
6363221919442807657179269261813196315614323943076172547080772762082497876523976444410926957078802241443845971487934887307740781
8442538716705496485993660458983193034639571775952652456130115624584796446966906201307091498198760859970990751619599499849168922
7540755071266549940783200519568012630337075342163311989445430751720634069245959298519839175642543857453232073106471321794307960
1699245059009156264426959609151370644710641713396754020166970217700932248280718651485571836633670709702375632170998942628345680
0816396190588432801059693946646313280382672711087244012208759747817406868034578850546787526313820913242493648577159472787123381
0759322746357530465987827894614798343895157467747058744481984104257507440485290934854164189380366013210043776529824930881371048
6385658080000822018084506735695449199723297410443658699992360702264595362859622022028092450523165950738306668328519968101921178
9290969633149036611961423129438616262578501454017560337962795366936304454531175225394994520495848281893733418969823834849646325
4866905011511861701376543806753349151579844197278285044705460570867283644779510401658626041128258372474841328027560368075591684
4097340967374048459759351247293757377219970623863320131555594933368226711740987383236414710324945367020743532195606500683770435
8777289231702354648686196142357855572861820397757772835817870476148855333166772599103631182225390962911857675993162562793056451
1643701292272316612682496492137369576459996136135417810378930005125534965897227946840522877611416279622753205256995171831362038
0366738891350724663780781742018384952618867530073606447030185424566647732433327301660674858875240792034393577096349757765316310
8289591408206074373434407333542355057011414872348953466323958988208406535831896578204946085981588003478321397316316325936083627
9704718565559121039339280928457498417206123777131839564784077774260566019404908403357317188872113841441577298919813210986548633
9293886303171570837540716535349361584600602170148405662530496205079833641395026663688854207586823003823193883976384903470625532
1727675041270249998973772127828169098733155135266069947499638944765750528948036161984830730668217006998355034769138526948886812
0092789759212121413625842309085282315688319684507180858726957280563112424218015623004324904038907228951254860936129174811193610
7248502251808372373101361237612617365642190393287142805878594705588056326330546884029678052177636399750149538893582015648656691
3367150919108114535725714981888781359653934702237037159199343298241562681613327166427987327289684634196866794561168570101129576
3376393226054192039386172081865991731275655717454440752850294664224843539838937920883445641690602345087514795742186569107517414
3623971382393048718491241619316545941650237621831224965329865224908967972818626887372855949653336237529478398264567160685068577
4052813893095863733367924664141451148648087387776942749014403408537141959668060633169208644494300366994545481397333067992909358
0667669402093903159518564734675653958529086910570255872008713355774046040785518290333034404789497402572158389475386895486868259
7468963766629011848413788837165962853506507117471181320045844652746289086413801588758664510368868946415159144280007188633881726
7244685543653493127669292847190750279258471265994953355225441242455255911176450067019362851931161106818923851255323971731656588
5234890473800747514454607303289634698091529945347698407177688996229422965619449293992367330399443066079751703944482713291326343
6459044264277571164204689989304404957960666476059760392612837445978755062781098058819661144475485054149528425812865761888665230
4335062014272927898970122302854052906295227383275313276798239957308395793035503825814636802802824167294443473540831595897555019
7272548964073946058176039524239703608785612474858328053422538963447385787828187985994849316214926394617015487472147004996421715
5996250931763812814551030631847429127490485716717613966608339966170653265360723312151608339298980087240888475983661731432872181
2297536852364764322872184823063403907099469015512172454623275616030363118664676670421610327708607480232788374190290021972622793
6341746181410744070773088966325798253704849845010112635545932402181743821794042899160348845322610793015131752714444557452077603
0974929188283489944704823132680006629007254931129889666199080416689925517182595848963795936091170595822025233402048475030835352
6345563891720858751435127759306670956633219054037703933137927110019397801896389210768937954353107771885376564624836527498565777
7406605189056950050564580620487220225704555865872099535962165458171814654057503675391062376917680202395298499820248250031013118
9646002186451042668001138188414741520592517338749162144757726571293411846579111672780359450504540363461450479439757376293399965
5620887367929571798109873216776069586763980872092222280624201174614361433514239488022226011723867237579885237366697226018636145
7658816676965243906096876039909445364177324988679848256414790985301032302828151276736018655718069421805321528401722943260148087
3504531887253350368429518151187892137924735559724530027941664978322897818820489478004391185810494126054267658700325358193119630
6476950573687760010199531144942136546086284325150545828401223666989902218958065517474495615521528611225439578736181496123291235
8141273699960775743878136458997315091877968088833966155435545803714212437024032432947661397098373986850161208575249088483734667
7526564869781879172205819920641629162261070844597301726270751056013595355206013946667713217060767795442616244184317275433955181
6807778755059399042252363801724898729347456888637350665052001794960468288523356956423878794195125458046129085019792922364372832
9606605635909164393346308754559022246397895156754911940817409436883533684563312856180585298884265000503280045621922703129043223
1353282688124152832117904166784884443448057703427122162928095824570260033806131301099883014390489674198929314751517488130229287
3941712694041861559776002423763440625536805158907454771393762216105225325673929237051966211204216493810015246774275044495594616
3694132772158289887311123798026659094603586436166517150338257882694213224057803554027693325965893134619716724281180373864668897
0965421930380580362871564338408316626579345707567981028006568747619015807088576948951469852219385041334895298633260796214042764
4365061209195177145333592267894941789748549729388820653503884365772532158665492262305741107905299439181875779535940222413616201
7002692668339856374514202085788525299569973429859432424389034479629705876996023622182434169328690891870930429505413389490533136
4295933444463189433951574721728951160043627069745406122977006157620687110134601604174649175489421916452229565760756130297102064
1960368933597422050626608328849588309269037647433491188814133197810733941601294848194060829957660144812059760171213031036827489
5163673581923411040228773859014781426438397455478270422462230943695383387244412044104565525899545629313341781559828594738866880
9340062964014870509227099698887936675774112546104074153547361150335199188541340855227153532746778775047019132401967059701871242
3486224254115155530038741441994666898680466167832566881940775772365423817200581937154559007068187829334117784945473428671685916
6007443619236946702946484250753989318115938165448366527641686620981129998037010871500824063178061129082786722904909804168031283
5077049104333703032159256335893142225775472800145797927383645074150506549583979834771372332786212436563421519736302401896553214
9328253090460566002578048864828230612968529907510194421722878024618561333479693530779323192843841998003032594026649617397117033
6902940885468724446328665796554679901999854957523032465138455983570952184108442966984143957137952183112915545991326476857170678
1147940566264959316051371696041947904637481710293264721589819021588178200143221071704512368347198312678908673679523259812561827
1664627873674389755627490418493705966611982979380988314739579220409030725477944088566536789756067951060713524593551031845158984
3598081566704365022254984411009080907751257030857437625615151390400729972784657938585703465777027605245686537246903748184890274
3743523412032108137414706768919475408652123860125336712812291505493576913938367683595349130153523703056997225766687176144402340
0831940301479210349558229457276992358900461281585291044594812536347699257011182959431429011534075284989504481274394019519138849
5294182590907051056305209676408046536522421503936187377406071503791132907536141109384530248717758304915645762984125835020638228
2925263782209751558565689180869492270244285946019041108330056058905348740666223484108200048676063426609063511425234359377856803
5066811579460770402822516077692569897555102184861090248580603480179709451447581598869819018321983813091599472628576647298283510
6074763977940235151776420120127969582510026900568916108091774893522283047922950769687105424389690185426520673414305707753060144
1829809239775426957360751626081187328513913192137296926783947378382044283754109795780048763911203026361961183033933012273700578
6256148707335785289325167505290076615535370263567053348838880542975561767345020465640090418173271179915907484593965695502745441
2416400711412329501943051474827325196149637971289654356289167838113336024091716837472756809029018726324544210527893716549434408
2077670900805210878733285491095692143052856294682669529394939361462198474814099442765549871744436963471806447226559851872954947
9082929602325709346337243734095265641562540772131425161193766826203999287761238275537747088073534676484013517045928815906520421
5721840157618684926859754448303249283214882375060250302441861554867804071849460117284782240184817225436567120551507130457965054
3640323862784940017360312940091490694469989530945043763136591022334344797040629558445856236949010602808244365211211804494530091
6701192226260174575156745632984043284760428280836716963199179332091776863302070789290228857289693019520852953529236479717683160
7117865720410815041230240613271283107726446255341876904224653305719269008887983911844926604802435682901331270611392890319564523
6692783449614566649026808017316150504276465383033625466313163064737973819404507236614011588134611220037079763294452798973884759
0914820111491787540225084826895277018554164459289529667607470230351077932208310255555375301186238522549530796497320559115264320
5836662613656654780353360816866098001238641884282152191319830259179620144977780872729828947449487560906147944637380292807461055
6561572680280173994959056296932010485999239763428796091258639640337313710982242786240160248574519338042692530967139936885572234
2825509566854748807330632140109077953768464116764873006974740017020211637781546586566316927017884251448954820201170637677959988
0832497323156260043765386414739221132824464852853436205409279663532624738981652928962852787063322728977472723705113895939816648
3887836720640005567311856937351200913471468555895780989932698604802967755682558413334239668009044766569135994431992317817193615
9488541867758126379374062288207207762501971013768400508156207999323493728384215408284344930017408986904527951285518045057193770
1193456086093196883061110691053041347131507623254475732487481683124957212918787096719880296652189465479161772651216902388161935
9023602670135872848924155417498176225830627494225163432154996996459879170929691453342113731711303819248475466023815067381174572
2080493294756115922317931111866355542145263306791051695700043555158422272380979294286809277064163627702612725392431921737967789
5506584820111354803017904304944193794950330337626863953844116710622843699200721933361001889997152111163384731679702997569228667
4453953407265344555661480951607569587119336749659238396970668832430048807500071385571032957421002113212240607304287845329689873
9400568404300352678168177542306869394633571699501805048687025644577243527012594817839631515308187464636399822139186673563109194
0383996386779379889997394025888104236940479474160100383602505977089098334042031033748699121508022116963448387393566265472288965
0847531693445140037287515174964594859379085364324835476807557964238229721804605800683718605401718393447954937423707976551995646
8901279644569224520056558762822223149315014455057454435980383798016264269841766056870811144787284148299586773970705052525539895
0256120889703056267161520334600912740468642740690884187820554569479971860126461193414499951106260376564440623032634236822171234
9700910582776001785061958742334821043319568168457980526939228569330951842352229610659307009566518307187068255993195333178816924
8084009439471986482548298108494644279210299285939700414080731141355145274821687079465639330167799278714667429384500519830074150
7502762255088959326392982513450122047410180131292434743496089993750128169949631240918611287380175422097126458912263961350683605
9825024574318602570230904976205086057242856859840660113304499069379218541308171998260227484149937812807157987838492362751492073
5236013621279011602439272005713397632062733928777510296548649421999353087528124960783236699168282936749555076309059950538448044
6316174264399599155501461815935271957641181470379962431535756895151732821144407472754664303419949275610161730902538833181412620
4057262138394989003315257406621046570918156102356055537411042166653273066886196141130782850554134831168704085162214611295749827
1728494807516097505065593608124398864640297391491113562997206711322054216710834884111534067711304959653237337706486015754839628
5402941401919360128506367871554679221289967323748328989926516006333132440966780154068277893259475878724270654107817685397502294
5331749302510962305291613004333202326722920832094875206002590142911609625146433305314091631233538797653208605364527924132244946
6532771118816432093996083328883576769019322364788699903259151365484388584381218032915424365355589731770063912720956702509258388
3882789530639893098899335537330679624810372563783381211488557543067129370526059579061942074775015254040779746533167078485769900
3805020437690986060459807837031266916198079638277454221416718947378635541609908151334933790442634344916435987118766221380030868
1492873283652410067454455812350782971829174602968575413579966330593167559586103530053302924740897504468176712345572924410751989
1402681422012394852214397745855323854981769611609240399129690457712558487768725787104039715649959552365787249656873757201153712
7034615208236270834171130441362610841044504351389336191409989539270321328989800821619371048375553928712514470949748975085093770
4290878195796201049040671016672715493368576254144716365945552067883559930088219118750514982822693100430367769784775351909372687
4911033872681823931983855759969195568792322301570737362071175550474999508803728901587248248809147697357896852570255543589500900
1706971004869558605860088419347382200967993695904618287963224847080176675951145483137675636512072408162582506993137174472960694
5573663486380813348973168761749599259962367833751791115712074445847171992391927789752756447549332777671869328971664763925290830
3549115232652328982096333522858191070453865857146234126898896140406643330756492575988127393599824952457257137615690188707592890
1525981890012719417710592274397314151142262744434946961995671692595224961001445969622314797497698000523423663899015096913051877
5058249696800337974138653960205886721218275906496709288754537792787671454609339328245451684579097878838116584542322616579053187
8462720851869420776547815997374420654356793047547706068426425982466357700923014078111329124212863212450480733486009748682342594
8687099289779458763026259506520765785275805315714163404563447144528065795533004752634001703743154416316364697795177031670571395
7862389886797621228571167458335190181377137309906389411269247283889070732381228453233824760431622453252798014077600435024553202
9884611862481302466807813924732912660462964877829202613446787892509006450191623119538981968974508042576824347741032177030382425
3275371888164672951716608075300420614160898739974183834737152799222716640347298255880801705875381815950138367820787575063612645
9756093031018363423853254508819810837905492342390007409090686184553436757595124339753724654015162734521998021981012802729263275
3427616385168365599989752741868814273183927471411894804297652680678085002922251517971806076560284843234235639397961184180625624
1126099034992853577542894567722591646934072315106827450408752081909824273574814734547622072209980280969251694858199479989346866
8324744163428589301098203537736106384602289116499145216551769186060030444438336222899526023763743834415207190662514180019708518
9860319477002084962218177584666884101089885263708103715532250072465740590415811526551340778700948662719303811079801949032990730
9442895797928578191430950680716135775881506952099465712614129706777971670822951940768332168877767587109595551931372470789023062
9676406861977772053008009279919036888396717196766804819265649832410502497794545528956267262992497398344695416980354321065043902
3430450368036376703613028439245508507778168871582511449294099014869582746432398446542812126358198966694091267937409209466063739
3928978146389085853115437005111689057451518521401216175319263947818787743509560003599577334399518674836615112723186476720359894
4447676769726440097553180938842032872197723469668279942479093598413513198335476789357764400869873866217837103053672831807359964
9438439139166494727711797686854076602382501450775000543946895474100528401256910882752544466058353451178988269998012104071279388
6796506900519353467866660536525382267232333410870940350598284296015115345501330091034294987205096937204489666809908368374224287
2156069024262468587697645236488193119228612123037868983120993219205723939445417381491095019098927648926035392978843470867760614
7821524721406495642677263766762922840188657758664683038649201210659149304382137313140079079190066786903508941027377579459577045
2846438208088991099137843881611431007996513901288343001595074297103385844197112994321057890476648269334831505632974358825733750
1231729513446989718094794150861322831069880594276720936717092445853573977523050237490193119260788535329095088882720971495287598
6552792304258966749461747651069123750999083956204720301600561922121624443601785058830034234673249878353748610370038504030736047
4350618220429461920496227812205841572163867546971596032105207072905191109123570652010474485250661135080242831754570708916683989
3648963905128198988374985403745574043149005801382728738825016196793544318399117519577715497903566248991289200713376389062963733
9079224255192675318799042558252967439629275533715026478752109034505102371733784051667760885774671501306079109448761994271014212
1512159183483513720286072997122368280567403105173759926916954869853277451339001028186617037332009159449259382498277868408842981
5560323178755830694146107056035341050323807669577457330458808700666012312546070466530820114714620579338594279601664840585122075
1503852393417110615057020185323349829356846940778480270527833679702648854699330937650632301666517518142397830288536621388668145
3710500442232649775196536006291799614616427004022039024161898799546077671371127704078583325133930080437162856065176543455363091
9667028302235222877392627005222715604718844825560371250888081705125248380997161235203510947690674677658525524540413177350345055
1651124581699981562124791312861972388295643691956825406823017359302629847041679857625842731954319702741028762561310737659882575
7234973146912955319568057648697281752581304980681832088301794847222733894976160526360976917273669474157112988773823160903919773
7236452528456462658486826400719408745377253190375111579049732814880300278553197889206203166333133501206064778109147665779882391
7682375338032730875672864027350071637472437979382544031201751667224513438710165103834022186623616196654886225240056588996350179
0853897451837131243025169955161135908558413022976148659863288496875873894764829106676107357256982339087954980489000376844916919
8360603574420141848805577433559168689130304284043047944444385048148193572183817853604188280975779635124804366554607129505815592
5620546941760373757081442569363535705009166704002199788324439031196454334794954999272772623824166956059123197810751221134756232
8439866566091270892187388961159863817415914847036125600694319372852752155914048990490541073567566380258061226260248539927574844
3029318850407273236073024405659942071591211229297986931569472429177060698779317028894343293006454758184946754805713329630249820
2687678405796666588388227397973494711846620655765600330508932225839545844068520955016865194693435829894249625192750034081363961
0826642719445444861688478619229100303043863369218122546764063288271554588608667295145429271395132923307142550915748046259216532
0468573883399305338589054269280928735368128284996899601120318736730996079626128417354949909634397399033464297120851931573621836
3410567460401768661525344506338831729399382001213762232285178082217011433200810491330007874531405259479829710109345021089321397
4652171379208756546308171186440327278368902304830062446989533198226580273246735128676055302820200408293662986737676930578153746
2150739333645551554065559172680067798805779396460259578671413082802669062176930977818789038399646027209326563780688854879437364
5947149323195596075203471654735880096964253215673415065855952449622950653788545812330777657299303345667765138612882163698466977
2308935140239438613941108953213493640813697893782475635075053824082277617694735156671731366529539638010664196515846143425205110
8579861845970706058547725114635120976593327222009873742050798971923964666256857891243866172081317410728590091574945331275284201
6824605749924142731964725200957618055202505975317938345133949930752079669713432776367891693447902213677009365812998801001720273
9233059182009261025428591058709759978362385968915457411652886788541048883340218037203772730667179361924214082717915090369829831
2313518106392278036401430877932921941234750269539064717318812526416633477902124303231275087598527988161235948020286385526463743
3838476810771838510370563675061364260967203242139687527568417240328961372800287193798489828795160993501686735937478711295496291
1519858055532723186083206022574209495517859134830555261865370844903580200999194798031588523243896559267197627522165919682799739
9373974604821907639636032716761671130085088834596447375314712571767917652624045445822422980937123575808022402072804691330745798
1179538903767384713618264919378659303577920743409425206952169277638505227558099310711226481165660388253070855325241107221381882
1789290788643749161623308260296145948321831584631161915478987224126348775962249568727630631570400533850489485693171250304745466
6433974998050768158826396562741859990471614366251286876757878787725794466582791436968613297526831824776182286993388108679611273
6110623308937612049537824555231489221014173246666865428966654501963681680683054782880195354576356714786682961340119163196471017
7065396261977852039518801715732959486507529242741135438482938793950709913003256496248997903954928882444470989824659787821204683
9252764834270969572461432198412629509667322770306467304657216423067070489844755342237360066917220335677138645076622463524222641
2863822477918798068216749348395676325852006154849615936810666235080045937062299799315963185719888255745874252084645488043646414
7004033498629565919058730350299817723186869899372617107591275993421694639356397475575742082851089041949288607800654160534708316
4190299271083535674187523239133194914262331993315335908926599556351517813335151871562105201268635100775530492262605262924734429
9412474523205479108160235037378746252342301320435142535429384588026050874475919119800213524490595720796240406073642925771858154
2913084106745765525951041794109785827673640207212541754087108553407118981892598453634040675583256537303820724542193091642590800
6534476025728340988278166932729090239881218889572681282009000341783806869952125287383734393447529192404697677486779298438469322
2829214412991708861478313576349293840205174852775802339069812401323737815710652651384534932732051408295532745074816386764349267
7099631393624915897100017625766879968866232677413779562258136847735611193368355358377164844416154018729080207420593111993431521
9679117084184583456113996444214687961259734088670459741393316532022602071869803421115792325270648228861169427886111180946003583
9793622141632553469977231970499144123659775068372909299552862631976151882730222347477076919808461706462627308819362671717147651
8286017842303147776294340423265613507963077365773181170674484922475010476392279295555883161702991597407378465228254838715678283
7139981166981912432328248939664037584747665029041762831645786266577343138070260044935844528507385472563673503510303215480074901
6952789894317576895242795097137355300336216988450939924501915977563360873810170551299455217264567889345472118057178061331257728
1694193485067381935776175208128377412895577843695434073687471815717642677045054952476930977756497488385115713913555764776948263
2231234433522295956531798985522781927112508008839457523109337600193193052076325806292222155384767900607744680674492935529295805
7875818939048046279625548208487559794494231792862975497567734812838016356460114239167085114060525364762528245992233228644094327
5021327908105698731349894818836329218148701613108177279681910593746940136925470307141167410364253643713010143547929247739518061
9070977175221547245640857484222877237472955055880739878012461158071643167060432840330043982130511367475881160956788509827952621
3413847694252380420294340031416724229995257917239755969134460592475590887547733435481300484633477930736275363875263891668995643
6581430213176248276716948697514387283511867935196454364984608140452221982505162813367283133818168866214263555481101556955727420
0078360325719735185976311476426092189177189796469613813653608015870137963763116020948507804890688620493269983909621885486957143
5618073667256477516793467657312199638612399475873899685969826531992817695372605952175192740133201709617218497592077143464993595
9686528263740598514413702973825670801929614448327903726180967797157579946183718568106283503561970266617924646393019216381949796
7239480687825534075396618625255444191589146664116441837547061247242846107878949219756732241373337771333630723471570758001480280
2126415066562760335451168640052256439621013367706107505889219639609857343988288214828754545448713238798703235273922756046005812
0281498418252644767093639973704165385252675952065796869316299823450944375075913221341612192647317518382010547568017829174497579
1057968057525848488438423398887379257534282986505898261044295544509349907137424691109525427205047296410961152317113953498675027
8037990675600906293845109738467043233236225877257801109348395466430705164075214123065322814006154190811607337254708305938085250
7210750787555252394437778367913891376849871377061775971887348544361550409572803722815881181222850658661431069707417398802536368
3948215469610248733031315237243553696794016591253408216711885250561262516305255457076505242344244633141474145222490778655694723
6617637025342831507631846476937783337058482960397621355078541340935495458638237325584632545957068938913331687735591931648307374
8523372206558862816505119548118888594916440410353297374883874035661877591624592793870237386066600870369847319996357899821848884
2706665246531670922861049993051412169291896643639078882262700663889473964251112689202969447822598990637782956377227324903867608
4848299459820567898610921948177867341511272056149848749209193175952272681698383112955078617288403697439760095671946801857673079
1356542472568516852079785586485413072353853487441642185000260635680413178133480855130718255056119475830508178140915142512386038
6695877448601376560251771173382757011161242171039619918232438391997384640483554361477105518555170292200647684746099630559477876
3728050473071484393708670159181207753885192509059591605951929761162380613874243004953769191772521075466929499282741107419333117
7606734018487546777450475520310398974869459655169606480072758933265326533542081878074199816338268783853568241202511239916973258
1633835831994903654810299535109070687398984404650301845605445387393310102422388713024846802629758902868815270339924811537344859
8928571046801342106880818013492293682607259787490363620233716285093685649713330924728743681650501355104561967670012038426873625
9125730098479474089046067867529096250921613432172766348896492595710398358975815806788579245423344223729093128465048555061302778
3282236766431701005576011421891586267683372954054171332350103840612998244535378427127331925639537865313201470923709392166490250
0060953065190643840375181038485605085116833098863859869877736596835368776079089936760138916464834786551291455693169964704950417
7199761056487159527818318808980388404160177710661891595418127883387542011797165555082211982772990941128288012248134317959535274
3151702008500412396300814816932022272142827209737059555958537947102106965289850740478085447869942031637107833939492398930644696
5466978918720768258413199259613003866496795654264247159666752558539556973496507886748391341566752558990139978324598436936793928
7875629494705039695595741518975797423129800053333398650746169290789301147238968164288511049704954808998463415048261417058627843
3675014761845381637345570687526385375856012330298649384510964329070850231207976330807099687112778366295062201878036276787748707
4186642715813159153197640948334883431130155154184492235081536887094317988019087470651733545171824399201735161775652002448517265
4661100517204949080442753518341612732523752379970048081237708561434446413436675964518402865361477156495973338379138615279891674
3104047228288563492721376497746751756302186258285396146017997376211045579689813619459200950120798719227167890408329425880640799
8361120737152440781721610389840480574105404073477545436637229579684528270718993412816918987324414005130598864358095704485655816
2635022304411690520549036888248912012839104866750669849182202670549996591599148236127250813538958602763034624939004690945598644
7161693686069093177957527866565203934639363610988615731752113714098234889877144865056494208717095238090181742851725619039913679
7926731919437873880030756176008264549114452715998481120029937345677673326677605995613852123446385084312717926880869469763207023
2138495852046091769881664603146562927499752742224823433380060312750362684368906102817542844818392822621059272739767561472497448
3487585927757204836571198808541456058695288628326581580540815649602826692062251298954681717253220499784757374087955966951533070
4467286406109149470022526422047665420981641926169730080064026643952810388751979407214952628713107539097869076094466606508205808
0329251645328585224993793572099403208481085245076448698022757086335438075955415420248533451214205820043135499362946801092902796
0976117055234786919615481110380099853162437989837673156044051970682580784609511428623279845514623277521398030431160849037450740
8697358783561542570626868871304762629606530282055602229180460161462702998318108546783149370269213126706148977779508293460733304
5685401232626893164468498498310349947377219975132662081047738432680920912627837266028376099158214591714411685177672935669560017
1991014855525662209159171891334726717439346791115150429082237201563017187579488089876803702248258879215762021955798945536843228
3358779497231258973228903279307787602968091467986183211284685640196892409994105852728310998830904989480714242762651865855421586
5348281152141939663360571564939207399533427205490276937846050282692131755481373457167966144301656498283646918663467663563230116
0442219576879355438661813222738756969322895770177941048443578213219939881424295242319200710244313116242014329915750902609753298
6880215129386746871145799105266743824027120004725079746962555401718867449525806260178086747751584880447035314395435465651034570
5590819486053989106201536213480377379276227468376756122798396628016810991489235173054754920663273388709967201645610835786499004
9939124283008389379680409146709896607754411605235108861950292912142332714272148567105156028757875660670111321491114463297009230
2097548826892083113543893580713808393001576983724545670281722041343097928800752617116438879952016563025042978404320211936405203
6082731184886898638758782020161455765775544117220425974704422223842521161418889571069655363278462600259872240060382048674290190
2889620681353481574769346958935531281292735580442822115141047535414968598234054161580569343948696497621906027825367798221210232
0975609392326975398368477771498401808897612300017559800926232766502316691201583773217274029458304062931758320244725915302928993
2656060793106179140097207671393073878144623719159743370358884637219392258120064605880204498430784571518779561821815030688040645
5261532754299991261842655852754335348627643855237017342819255089240352732014055394202970458645445920979909498339363437891353307
2437642062562451324051185886722830951326647012880268770841964036842838215823451274151497274115272960818748924818830295293023164
6427726746699539771500247174272715628837777269348318525014112099038948379809971189523179740600410427829712055609005231760641337
2123549160662241455227582001148252334968910254759170985955722387116765936697038502260200822286774138322324033501219326909463806
0821193700130194457116090490985590394866182284594574006494500813138155877966705322490599457628280712279954157952750704655060385
3280391474844631197279842080980749627555722515522776772617462578270115902754706089142103829738218939451926197117850790818482759
1294311329582945102206118794968530880988413255047180804846373165792608079444603588122636074961065406623564621335429415769062656
8977139076449153307860216027207885939587708357239425724499000050811065643249463642868728678159848609219920477201880783130814232
6033248813331250043643381559597258568598550852601730339407737331740193572873459479638405202147132462334764720678461849283231967
5244706826495860145056785602766589976181173320167438082817365766859974115630195914700440671364272919565408159761417527099133015
5244648245024168084347025892989203801674105350823195087890804798433093162301085522657402786073312465657131861678950736152896502
7020998265858326008838932594312667517103689364315007929663379806725932670838335332530002316590322181497959301133051038639381171
3173858772156448895864459261457987925785493055610741437909826143835126197998316368571824712159171580331713288750535891179500215
2461289349520625956975133669730507522155477555105599302736241191876700580974296813158063100071375109901417730679844357856593047
7673877787687493268983420698315905381260558449663590054448103444553449366277579160597491777336624754840213430260072450113764481
2114017564926717940676432504294232477129802350412122813350795229854770687737407776153546967564248142801354985562159014016660409
7639567903574424627121988012936196690968952173335045547572877439937623104537739475753166073603089257419976655666993295754279243
5512010810515840583007802011584440810442039388430026796415104195890917308156926213851922793907826473532250186114497099571038088
1090443322487112398586196562777035714693242567109619766467418285811180453954969091778067062185341924208029182725946749209676264
9663462321929487207790152045012463956298339314526151434668136673612071349597053270833334450801647517402244793354108502290993012
7465047517200443480317342789716535487720038254767800382013521445375492608318405493546080410946096145404154482214436078102318897
3241343339884810074493047134584332154632775327907375423171218727031001503885369275032870180181698599353279959939076928392091092
3566208126745756363429701058439360596278930537654250601183842796400352091131220495755538686838579076983412474092980588063067246
4135280622573899686743659033428766204732217042537180031329938266218979406566474637509065330050474399644477629470645922989131608
7243489726801527985565622807882110752891684081535249425920277363697188485817835521822988850811873532635201983418016593214492469
8143017528502801938786431108109170005870927726570176129291655180782741998755590156671788445329312481442984040900285747284336895
5565100360014106030272353666080827357535103165363399802552515662750922553611500390854921288593734087100792149327574407938377815
4240318921296779247997230590857031671134516419731819431863267883435154179769593315054293181367248263035923946261410558920492931
3065344926131172598974832603770803242453631170305261893085619634353617662701712503317939637731383890741691116709803904180847998
9640635307154881695674450558215122808610162087865073261126743708282066313632270460083280371892143332906784831299555537946109939
0645039315913940793949968013785570770789031780794104310782057130859521600859343415595288573910289771410236190253921849657190998
2817116940059523621717397073394274259776453515913607417038665482821641102656240840561075406926383495205691566077252073640483438
6876828215210014803339974347992473188369840859181281062746399956666218336920552262054357048613213862945863515439475503711072752
1206178405392180823761458212656703549891855527651389518191357531805984535259972031066177734136716154598488260571189715523538978
4990265766954047391630449528696946350646833442858182431131915610086870866589089866607870181211091256487223226710174280311854030
6161821498017905298626518871081902325899313379230902725132275803649959728622670760552023317532682229232464170889758455581169141
2416184842590677978922625659052895162548385411298782741233394356631320019382233371212037232115448059660819419247622831630454503
8975030577721689746153882576268854827896373568358085985637110827886139292888578025729952622899410488518168089967179203288999038
0077221628423351964468120440528719933928163566191359047160562478933063353123985611799118577768774930246047770557959247998776831
1721135782157358288734205102478591394569267133297228431858377971925993589071779657700502192679741782178657102555324869244446359
7869917278483084269980405860197759252589350638010408763257025389708116328761797581159680452123249311643134587279719495772936617
8130672462738712860454774853313086658312258840823449860002088944658955778609509469061098214154416089413962879973327200377762688
8704019840879290058261002736123709853095591291334597972059260229183193853550672628813904508834589255323455601476677738648315934
3234707347670711573887321944356094703845291499731243740116195333742959154260950396149564697796845304852992191344817095433298019
4556001053283765367945967785584518418747873282740299536406596053579536242035383267115157980628785476579854884310834210027387315
3952399660098012461635956108592408478331533765191761940733106633178973207757390760027945616808844645166556348572120907508405281
9620717181599113391181876705169833156639227504083941308593882555592005786644351550764764616222603704206370090556397818828816448
1082150428965180471148236660642979232846204673076692680655912004876027643170213363695294926023526278443457817518033465638673749
5350172689969152071949149368789531895369178652578561324968877842847433493285130074155790255799028895045897756190837543509860775
8482306198938020753154634340975595193686061652677880586337892305604321362120530299145893988789835870281018804163394448979511499
7488870885383052769468046156937025798795341295237597526911841052145121608390932943180983640617731865473642038426653712735002335
9011612227214170561522052833657180847394409367216727282193072678838450183604374539578667642858779645471672950276478435834423943
0042627888400396166577808028511674909710254329416152368725303977021338640330576476481308582201268866056584880471857573435293178
9268879578435020158729300163317051184609265956929202720052876516659404370185319984314639348524347471621091689443144604058655054
5852357719309697687694316961668030847489545691322959818739069805501234210837740692288860145679956618287254425865421435945272722
7947183003454715593442541393266684657719476151125892217474788448864376694397034056195614730803146207684810002655419508268188406
0212392708824827732017576889397138488570370042723523923833128481673477500325568912519958461261978143669880070457987816169424188
1965090700335288348865794109082688653306331467742286624350702924857750689705564771477934006408695884251431946386364556639034176
6475202723487206164676214732339055881658522754087991356304799053722702797567004357975452415295767243300651018833595864642447417
4933751846153559955643592816488612142322342560545913045826692544542626150928640726729092043333739064265750508139974673275834713
2427576527067163076789990338481516933446902541780767233056948866977560689363984682741766823172377515643032993191346658956321461
7240324801931427740710853207105854320415521035336023346171992089619399728628105888007254180361185035803733126321368733856723085
1503702321045090573654976317248889826950138261936742489712456263150062608622387827772363799121813242734818379753299053724286228
5076095412377646585652542244868299631686826272014334350505998081702990345584728215380800687580035780236658004071510394469994071
9933250676927268802066614172669848689165401909644815070604643321993975291059605403370117318954869373816750869659405704139511279
1490487519262534395623800813247168885091994099496258142463552140723866858712657283749576144012562970919330051773400199590563572
8265606609996094143464919138293434901647769730550988047626306005465014764814728223656959001378552960458572921902571777313119856
0301901698751025073371353819870024706444286250847057963018585025053110220589734085318599463450687736352183212884401020231957087
4456959908526601850236631528599915374848039675582388183944917813443948321814362879113998039695208714072018715891598727749400184
7983572039054110543265312946188122716587941443406593149730482849110607363599698686119685785597056173835119438876589991354302327
0157777305454082280716591110467065838967277498987788761274920512893356487762316080383017175970582934458813655903151031833258038
6820568297362586686149767416323236376371752928724979488399337093603770184434877480032885947231535650930077949030676059598788698
8108972963805156390445400882624903314064494634772981427763122632358977184343156109534055951999238879890515883719506599847044143
5178486334616508289086769240536520705517396788807705586482419714104331671474772634945045486037353039747544411584344166691513962
8343543694892040940224135766807400138072678909751563547074645700842179499138145819361180694589974178543789544801347334713872045
9708545131525935820756667264787954116125739691093797584888706242100925330533736446977764101332858478855148268301440155677807429
8363906279880507853775707450188819239306527160717217937065519073363784713378967477694756526571005707114651691767780955073859818
5651083308096512159550753176200623584419958971162109603579598590262428369134046173758247656339396228143231420340091898293104843
4302402395996304257050404831355580727247848379655438560342120245630874884033522016540414633929586663157231554069390318916865498
2822530065271711681487170629161962249557718383135273443686990757846857063424817696146359531243469019949939521304535035359286967
4074330918579124906980668220696463605660380759667033381676449310911291881680221895239419422515427861193964219305035700436309668
3698935243696912496491762756802269973014707849066246048122302860046406677238810686973357352423777172732249145383686882436002629
2170964033471347644711273905006241361125626168342597916481066003694402986372839549149179850327741026797871619199281396638967050
3740578777458341247832731137954141104761544067127564384269992513879476807275980026551471675919580563967451050762083496336212971
7234069436162575416758566662736313504628826119312240011212647893254386199394411434394192850902621006968244175625150393585420756
0819505443586556219267270131584242241933754418772049304646166400049758424842433111724173775260453475529050201556290830854251309
8694504279853225298817987700209881068598742151871017058490633074185456825579641586256200310473031416146096103034054724162968499
1678422417003132262043356103744836118876129032014712571839148276942048121918851516621273265839886300177612597618998212159348375
2526979362189085413641977979132635792430656327264789820332281372901762624494315668746921549021511066663733746233883697857770994
0998995661761657851385372991367035240872501467476816162857262794643509591735415040438155899974797001865973911239317650890930815
0189734426599237495702149267240934080052773268635893422129378135841786547348314154856133018855495625125449892981908291205858083
1077322089308800545276469380562276682750368988122928137210856581036772006900205486477908581832538965073059726766472615915649559
7595664231420716081656297104542741477179939201745233207227457362234020070465865805626851389405073254933773440235630530654929440
4561326689796974026193323140357607026602878702428514108628434286473624453127013395116455824218643518830181373377505009554553648
5175104916514700448781338224183451234036582197678358641053766734457042147404203339056493172875783393464733980674769043154128903
9625053130166787806916253108452498110678784874573415439254136465274322837153616892957540974054903367967131773174510386204520192
4708907023698793329968287054491892003035884220479471761449794976142360667172403302792534515419470234070842851218805657152102504
5165815294615880424810698811972894519218327570376404414484865603951627216319921021460205245622341179697179353800333764741713858
3375832459808523959735342163302977206974789134934574309888193442489681770595931407566150654834927560855722717629843449379732533
0696873250701946777504053721122628669489758761941472800177248115996803185013999823071443413470671100299081264402635064626229095
8025269049201568533557667082941257090329107268081485134499591411578665111542402290969079825247733361568938034890137999482482426
8413571137578802277713985161717245739847221863546744280234586017009016274669615970285654793200770322063367655004275873714400764
0799707402410991916198286689965775278824664119744877317308731118045964149958722032731308079677323234905411311426216785693702443
4397846375057495792019955808977919911307473873070308655227892822037825751568866737076516050806909779275729314309462325310751161
5878515311252357335941687228452716020488777361851148660668041257248641752627888839374533734775241618706657533250097255962909759
7924103963089477116974416014956752830485444377913838660792557425488769129517146048639663168698011387132583363962130759916380103
8854627858331158799334753893263279859800213644437374816465531701511843970386899153300191498875238863924442400115037208900760391
6931077305054934679510399257137017692212293765671016977117885559987800112104522229358688690556795828786584220491722127422607686
1161689224772384204986305992766453244735906304538266466175104130240871760142886069723737054629941552777930420547825827115890782
1184882323411827620265622192040661772065557335415769691870166844416649885380327832148533301202237904520864333379649271453239928
2427936123038564183450762355240415926776086706660362490151633725587501086167861442974904906015877742003232322938651897499721504
7575735828907721001810713381085000197583517056663976862531026160720187808215284714716227545242555746984605470134836970810868686
7690274030579086519662066594780770842382679015250578750543674207604336237491570959207826549369435808803521562398005006071237827
1591235570232351829740515082573934645171861807176059621044839781347865804129548447089911918892970375115928184446756254541226685
2615960213766977626603096139489045595459731295282305420627566186367919926990597793979775395219871115824222384407322704217828184
7269890378837649922156673232477845852726935996940584696490442582150880559450498906939124023442999694271016368614887466665480687
2492299648986452580995323839604907135499552296977074591849011346778726414701224990442027943081442825619102646860492552917507521
1791849743502515995886083914654782544108637930226038487802556564179211481768559160141129157276978288393204371047755590042629364
2476979194376897909780308753936290021359131405027064825271771828980164040364357335094434041723555965477129434483174161190644661
8416023154844136801169958073248822091441560069684654659045233353502161929981208692256561137140555110119558013208216615513472071
8088260724856516409808086622373800856820389920242427841076949364650960501816473316120878023138924750918248626057879988336142195
8686116426096280530843620941389111299655341997827197141570086674404151699053951971920289530070752071000490045958486626799786432
6549357623845124371617655875408646869879278421775346320373177073222854384021377119568271293703313232299103659136776571632693838
6591886804108118051730248844194375009874244915537509136047158661056246282742880964703031154340229700891206754898355101039366979
7268446901106376070498745112524561027602391892725887518917435705098580461006376837385629028194839014124169131891549609455012171
2285131899533028794555938374512548939747904214953588004250694538667660139983891321230034509152717542342156366790660293952707870
7433656872059365457021513060668191880971221287545847083471271690608548455879533083319220177538857519457319889888751900959653068
9242848205306926609548172769597825608518368367889673409305233019839916718283755877093610440755381268416027885226989117854626319
8543014996495123544046729990961256012932771211075541381188839964005105738775284593953696325073738652709607173130510895811417458
1100281056074250163495442070917233405800039282178047058927490789657980634481405379098411400723381012395226453993698124096414583
1497707784106353163476884094382224594079935684207379351580860836917141337699813295106036949622008098195962892923132082743352822
0227639803444432864090266134712772762851750164363159986164200332551145986599690734005702172852457747000704439537884708919681464
3297805927942628853699179019515733067501114704121488080361171310117107236329567894778609250864163044875868270159183178936230020
5632160100910553597455671868785895773407892040726468337688933116567628214043646404787040937392191211462332257825317687874338725
2296104873433207092085115555734422123208784998029195153841807872132818719198275132977492788603520666575735728468601968901331765
8507664661851267844375807200747151263758160914796423476220162799279781135476440706809418288627923653896822426541736985486808537
8804577755163112469882477676592666556395113447285604375941404675578061757730014398552781158003833295830499727417346600077947853
5831914326747916706642066586312780276779650520761789440673709492335505292573240738337240722730985752273930258542997960743098240
0068020053146252182779250786628431011150801984991349353593228652822215156799328870412166924618702218796377703357100331644399678
8109188902158713215146842638263856459757440491023323555585167449490157093903282451159411558188534514053282926080246371635200972
1083689238510925211444565358062724034393858074119865447872227462830480815166007221130324188970568012551002420122076677588668537
8348566408824119448641450955381151117598257925347235252204110951120532544649854733446808547885490496232547849386772180981787081
4560676276145414580213909440734926632475864478909927595616312861612204269485671554044668485757818928586611911258131650112268582
6442754729881254198230970045300311192828701003356370115227215491493010569367089158620723231028014912810350816540331381099940995
2865041663295338237509904105995789610569727200605222728767332785967873952215814407401152907766797309671425581760149058652925760
4017820912206849712695013871311183547029336150750415340954915312119753021914893470116876327839429907255892388374033828544982922
6915440546354439943941953788638484102813214756761743923515532313884486004173505190595536349294404018810183152351908266279594331
2928244470990795144278024903861617956853603900951440210459677120550845092043556188794480813102688176816346489991301120405759270
1186435866287315352826686449165308561598819563912734578580650689933009781657638259105653726859937343022833693021987646952723005
8712542566252718904406054272317438859093977264257379132707981296910101101713844533871886378161442772031073848272459192591830784
1058110999534770164492882010801967465978671453250245066874219221865094533085057504007502380425647847612715483754244102708112443
1742666667868535721098914454487184166505673192687612783065836658057498575235907333228055857705494275550823062941047285844371213
4854496575428807093051119901176270909165842784911651361479733219811770760153017103816762799215219103460967340988812865617828044
1917561105792307812885764646858740340976693913696981626941718101122829669609931847477816007131803415395929587982744622533841587
9667546614449025826471505952967761841638682554759010436234535597997076544716136876213634826200883843816631177929989595634824997
9075236896089146108414434690485647098336762127620316996183949539422311636347004018452729032082455756224021955521110115243171929
7022352504520236787549133408418756692328586206498166126138700604093881377702931259764322041155662852059678496015745189492835117
7091800587591451755394603236816915477651467511713772374848670866752841854518597403280700140135675063538245814642015579501650431
3475133641567131461159293976535068676192194831897897611380261311134218099223461446586431446131415308645022873899564559364425282
3789965382702942084656483383865958903699057640653956948168423022124988840895696969117651267238844593486453639829783832289036588
1651772364049655351227109534629863148340655489696054950189023140607819232747963074764923819690470465024081626771998338862194589
8535421442026745607190566634422441543153174467912420591988970152959270609189415618141521453452531554132027545470737271909694248
4266576066028018898848004953928316732798903447774832407967130237423961865629656870579836679541833228863492849112635373253768730
9318620813778397458907750295204099889575365028367626038475757355404525059311775107234951920852829456542067713455662881377001712
9660563316063581065664074432670545816492979485719464785114250983280531864483884025594604925138921571079067953012249664289286107
4733006686229685087965270923863015490601420365854224908680910247314401508516820945614321593880289181386292705522860502467700146
9595467875394655716250868523623848001720836247002935008259127820208612390799061964695134992188932480652490964335096936081240148
1812489955447149372964288932685703059456499125726325849419752698359991222537673326627718506868098338620828381688669635638529284
2277365318750471576552640984213353147488350298228497735938404810800516562727031985237579073707417430708173600319624539956749453
8558865515990107426689500711926656694092773040192992037548490908808858324669008603563963750417300374317505710614289622964156217
2457409596680804630516887336784028949728779145781319560216200606134423822190318186800036885710141555957030479473061434184735920
9100569805069607595713477651532945125488629510591455102444809609662844669593112401315706794492448332303051585825039449951564890
2934068975480357331702373570405176114572488785747724819226534222897314789801301206100799457068445592290174980265109976510186964
6974436264361115896790352170073260547419486352304459996628335808264941225228110927615548124284539746249063361590443246656233810
2022987197590236256417410387584617910709314684989417286318087666015073752226802244527631727840148104686143554769788772100971964
3931314203567669848668014170818609543271827823841957939988437792149776879965413983671414699512124596470803895106449229017252962
1646897058572253319802460817369397398067528887800488520057974357980724071070615260303277654527720835652573050782049698374251316
0612949136289175984348022991134845911118529208723293255584972808307452158666230105816460375784187988904522880654792018341929152
6230320383294577758148209875436786980246088588555018398742402423700033755813061790265512976391765915810238317924960933176044915
6724326703636717615730930803229989144709304487765743249773045992631205387565818549594275877262188712201760168274734486308418567
9793449160017973876181891146468573134118620184336387033315592292444997748610681437980592831049932965491128002640896459624743912
4292773888056347657265747923515456543197563688072118373801968694939175467616839381912904118459023550508906592936405878500629369
0726575398511990054804247570050536297610421442312874646372000460857738421341575986454091454129764640046210072544927787587872609
6223497359073574286258812426783136238045789247117981734256875260415121593723556039489844073919163685845325053278772517808357882
4805353931456319684552807410713836603840908704132137938671395582768618313934438378980539779778185823334069713366782891327854771
6127074671224214243978383308821083055917752075116334068237357481944923919216084154202678626979129283869929664457025576182992309
9095642603811777857467738034071749226163187428061948529437320054852470403172207781014210493833697169288095448800181203251014035
4736481344099852996408105951657679269262847981157582390462101509329835494113215114942443801348682136828613264161536188227115466
4003055863718708771225642500990071025833297545571403747979992978828908605722348616364122656556369792934466258936918430294297508
0884716108700884651920742851823456839844922966806960079344733214332219603718719129110850475334654765668025057309956984350345154
4885236271502923816983822161323233481126598003985902081480145736364185121032980985643061033399360057443356862260970037248156868
9095109506937315402103438551736664529148909771957666146775454439817301965157339466426336556934667643823128218330998524081566484
9554172468178139926024925040064147501158211448170728837042601105476806693933691272219558658718966118313273471191896511638062325
9954369358233682690458005171274421730241048095790588467590844502525588085948164312745806267036443692262270244497152879755376313
8540761990884030057918282213961331175575293790886064372121411245265558611444044299259702033859938015653338871057063134186390567
2937295853774855369815055903708691070046531641376115545763368983982874877046797588826386810643172084809422213611867667864377575
7456129086242673800167308357557286842740029636829456648911252509981444991813390655015368895052836323823418477931875989888413494
7619903401290202996353920197163165845104216512134977822317453208086977782938058360962563863616931222677006031494617743246676098
8619837607929254793532399964916863199570819754247459608169557658376643077622610923724449371091028101105519894212018425361113161
0198232737234871539712619394554173033293046636313472444724663228704935678432306609229598127499957898688691002287353410535746129
9160344825935915883479808009630827527538308033068458669327511758149831271072074138691690968888119139014429832927001663077896093
6075520157463461341098226057137016444093714810741234441217965271334334440753561468859945005901907007749818800609799068435785758
0546092246435123497159753904346692263278071121042508101131684892541656872975812647089730436015791483195690674123772749878087282
6758449872382291050831212201949792798424861556134983601310627614120558124555112900385099751123167702480059628861813816928572678
2294380967592455168636104873737766456888729486890507823276579714836828251933669783531511408873018452811541618386657467835047578
9771964953738092240932562360117185595020635073758269035209960005817272212266420970453644822258523689081214708732161974226486482
2078896042427351080221479050978223463317038184395717248909464597626365437809427793625231151897894098417132582150723722131356816
2733651127665461066112679225653017158187022844835577848138599970119201959393371465576981148627618500453766449113619920556794832
3098796406035170187586479893078215549068777188615428168013041309627717475700524281634638706348659216956344427373631234955931788
8266607652077744997152631910857696622624195835857414262086680438204284388121731692389911117940177851680318293050972437430080491
5263662912508589659968304863826115756592152285582835871560573052117732379831943224939230850768149596127803763098910581308889239
1399259544384714811458348148272122374447108528351486026748375991519038080289258112233626298579932128994892803010854830711867003
0120562601270662181088525907457246972630366755109340652778459673777734310903812432648671068725042051752322546900077059823883777
1071975377081858251465844724729282629412278512504579575631776161691808267150394386844729953211628319505799528227342615586982667
5142190253907427483211782117002935160362621628506088192922092212154140185826659904555543974037176549370222198088358512119912742
7709122677369521964052899819214134971313049580616225982506654419124826044743127724976092244678406630989264402052401911579629855
5241083294500875288635504487164898666527862404520007162909767182104068330196614730977680503144106835763690135404371824827295654
6210246422372066059297630639990103921525353988425004032130811899385175353438423745075299078297982811812894692845392714907314914
6639687154171290857100923298064297354897427312066201467165805288117452112109293854180789331988821851079333157010919824197308857
2725453575267288288994357675260613771455378866560128031996095809604727908410382843600101001039972876558637948184365207490031492
3022829447684501701771651529957077694566855215179433255048106574130176149607854191690519660804326926806696105896923466573489014
2276500150756721393101309310240889850130747890241895231090329328679796493201088708899083812272168509412763541079565359287160502
0441480433094880222135017379174984153891031352882663477623197838966247123264644246447696041370087767283894667315757217159981846
6600209627389381111032923919248323966625789375205223637463959729585017236548352912218466643214096190786355523902607233701011308
0879209770503108176937425508560832114089876275039410069927508813642206128497418765988069857902212785710790868994707145334746457
1573213691519886100372421851125709104684878670999887084420803400476797705625591520633797149282934213606570900108998582064311163
8676807063736715112005822408555267407647050728641117839753641320386536310057649950460984214505375532528456592558681408856748600
0458633214841398749014431880145127111888700604235741500367092065118505389545560189317863466505700948103428117858933891140917600
5132202176401630576193346962510769965520088034746560321030328807272795203005246723655044384670879356197070618995577734499503916
6506939563329550580672846170456665825955418030610189100857896112174782009029170826779986506077333681379230762539236049071683000
6370393487113254502942284063528147627172601717639450424195980075047464787096908959060881173708540962987133431304917906118868338
9267746888420071021500735075663336736361717345091433424161991124952838871022030399503645263408791327784786086730026429717318657
1672147391408891002327479016767689503494648768717682253138108661180075426978036916352251329255918145397491166698770599594009604
1973656522713866421729264353952482643307862403936073686775977710379738331755646451684387173747099995521827339722863619385237499
5408235756969453434913224193378329404979503566466468217232986076880098924660185616188785089771941834979789440134998311199906069
2232778818840350786605080110308895419763433233707234872571290509162878857914634432096414764357358087088039057924071148091731175
6015400792410124384152213047000568844879712268022351230585299428537516602169557527154990684330404034064121063393300034030430905
2306055374539312465651241264233074065955242079361211680462145344554747450796349210759636113482252702608031612245403353997125476
3803253691034432130798363413192595243576410393487613462409388440991106589264853952016023685661448176427389232941666704057678369
8628747721532797463638681268551173019525973277356279608142072485533442125834239673920151827309537064739870526314899247429664781
9025827660968538606553886333865132013576294269585884802265251611104643759277860774328243246331432389944537967831541391858902940
1930816587488360252688732499160213070813273038333861895643529140656993608246150830322861238139209540926180077253222099793719072
8959519042048720068153629627140256241685908963439182993973204720950662335620899080859042503691987552467007737450276337233761755
6288965328635383011799009079228464765004787324704548708119617161002013632986577780042057914052383556753286042031709306907755664
9921350932285357024268612614215975988614776231803905241441720250462994526451363159473639866331342141233807338499617054943944238
0578049360816576019800945237402222592171684814088734743903979539564400529178521960883785173251341874550331866956766247772470369
6083904254700701911630159329372053705191987684688500636724033475465777760911461588784110437867357713431148790643538763108521995
0296263770538400456769346062348737783795801732870097577376952964730500440617573963135158364912865598645263299913463769215039071
9483488255991073328145731534454837990839423394416473517085030613349147333787972449423197209621559003595529788900553100012406747
6566884594766054381929553636693829055015384572992260492476307544253448277903698366356427152189807274375674035466963843196695551
6323074679661834194813723642658721376145252523971723277400835325217197190050897668239821693181091121061162219401288326146881306
1808318984353930429816050257400279035517547964016766257303295002919848213345027516727642354899576468006486504355233740324100211
0373421583654094261005790222006220690243740321608605292144463259644370384862300052723119124037021639917903672109294422220446746
0968367458627898019517765631253210766036998155063276402536135475040822567588712196840514962484791203840216962030611173316284918
6730753402413401318179055308056338575836289967262947906669540139949663260817034924092055901733213326920487904492973772740252118
6813399504142772729322264698007839309738863435169195740088479397131114450638902610593694986422730992468798340242051077542153965
9094257292692469011371694239749935666279240094911204646416349941755315640280190692332906803301138668428433338486284139761451437
4927696735702519573953727266824755919361553550569177388087634691983381789617481807188380885676894329271297374663349552211867549
6214976348118306656535007501010457882239285954427884872811741042673638154912694956412208130004776408704809831151781445974935728
0120629582751291565009219505554682954747176012178127728953108970378564330824283571745236870527703343674549433801104649142185888
3235814158776446629647585300745371840827518705724793256416163401064594247074494980560274282618040988687418212805930332830675213
9481691238337366800610093527436128723725108303743340453678113695806808341554588638276662497395500403037304969340369996972707032
4082676737625354210464419813293767706297361241754982481007296169725698649583516782177058747437891980516222464440989464874961596
6461961406394849542189779035893533584829634128015156718397540384299215958366542622049511074988966488475073248255117221338638960
0142933164629079463406544918744481398396204306933357431841214352733485790844296470933212820449310522157583393441447538375216436
3436698506912676403242337919492000906428711269510381173399936468041047249569064777837314598565623718618433285256806067639636763
8460415932660725184337524946121929924205499042071794021186039050613143778222559008526610557979170270365704047948250328090311884
8815703597819948360630939744751577068004694199231149936335126538352407733636909351409964233765563167198074923729461436493523959
0713926842635856417640343723268323797389202591360887205782568996458244122502082280450763638212538223700620622044815212320168684
9492871418408066338755969200124883796242190267635257673723366249954282292979482645457308347074754036142876356477739278675875440
2183538168589813954235091042917215997797441009968993171615399263341109892414323128649997905799043937988646881424204624530006049
7733957096488341212048475007904035717627062565794383079540365496869348281433928986222996400495215587152772750589584231009322321
6967167721546910451512704467642578730007590171739084668065616508498732163764275594573615283985791091469103384452900988352107000
6807413612465354023458660940481659053886101973060578770973513038430471528121342377174140575232152423951725002933862875035962993
5491625968951170241792359320698419197951622254963187269169519754789130928703155856710378168285319433421425146672702276206900357
6582314544521282948303668171056488977803778991914594073284490075274341682398796202525053587573368003492350674264590216915743030
0229180917308822559423399370500197589688253700875858499871606888817412759424516191276640847554118760685723541416666202243509736
9274208984682823732942979222927492539292245964003720945726994325795924579380001664666341956208236538074900737136200088724900215
5814292572624892701632682972030886871485930705868231267185916589385811869703139406294452824977282139608709779376891002163708313
4033763100173660376690182575379995726083861081926510802579785312647154456013703372795547129639766049095465742696104516613357933
2568315805640894925038031436747677782703800879694535494046794349191040639680313707242709239136167699797774023104845097743799234
6763080953224487156488442945555613963349180931811315907436001825754710792409694328952798340996992622252003347436512459358128857
3954533989335010638156841066648473526011867397359480295694595402042037502438174479721797977373598413288286342098814213128179837
2396433612158432510452891115965816912823381888049756989510546093247222344511226918341455435352327199403241839439420506108676964
0795850610161143815844607948060775881656537958435083754755508315612517655376939244238451149176008256028242905067513932423707050
3517402986146524008574508829340726577308717530546869694363472906429850377209335971237767032862995433224020904386089476753728648
7922151222682324169544546785791039508552110735905147311483313421452486749631056709157326288104257728264776617306059521303067262
9433265821676424821718658733270406951796862690935463256100330389699577509374904038151899940074906081844482171701461900939078601
6186077218855804555456232441080881439587655776678203701080218698681846807414980313213113823373021577317623820418853903404980853
2057729858963790488672801591735476430626710017313638370400064539747700089967564851982820372204387613607305955240060602392589527
0383881550897793438940267029950019121382581949345028853214775595378737481122241954444306274659828618843592228475107234699152687
5284798962706326315885441962112759776606317588723708150855167126722288961236786090248841992912344949773249220873179712041971922
9678187960541674562218790198419395947752158216709587927827286969325482868753908887434457039802709422399284864987575179916747347
5327838914777072714692085263368643404584146218804037383216974773265161119155906542869845216416813947477024304569196702936579095
6268003933265575972147374394617649572960257762413423428779104569461013465964897200866208582709538990234194911357542427621601938
8074876525846270711334089333528645517621667077382560706349198812216415510664481057225472908752257947691952856523071940619013694
8017368030459649790293701927587307177007662644838805113977690349437913275410750363651007980050566471766249753077608880102272532
1982797159364965178888531580373430260986522031868350608333752657707407931000254944024943348168140524874484514493735113742249981
6288538584949755098193652659249807271937205648283720864311553381239244146100739200355642491916783137202534161705603274089556521
9354739749045138253043275273268328367815186805183694069007675806235940663397422177024952828447038786641822001541524569479714913
7698528117160783953905420058390896481011235446749390616223922774275291430828661119528466868454607218473820114505896776059375354
1619019266174818706077047840193129831420498197596777970098691437675408999864116292704117680089265101055969410774137278714249866
3704870678985840970113166302795462489950063082099943547515245655672648446079824717316402600594084559028770660910436751665528235
4429408197253611572221699160867353954702111945889329273311821911416970564822252007768702453855504730931208682912670990901446785
5056501125351085290367349611566587022633517744283896529455313187439470673480194626772000636195743336806541403680260332379718964
4062991551971333412504544251310884322830607074386974123640580284992839293238984564989258127209764459890435786526862148574118080
2625522665812777011614768650094518338934467618573508691312860257788451631146950375887371627144471854275002143114396671788841878
2226696461215179698643658067033045890658991544538880319431666117259518073995053382607108900045909290904771038098705696699068324
6726532088338857549906950143621062126429461929145317128221035122460444306074528944822699784500814789341052158726046904507897034
6793037164285887325166583356411787362893236497739544799385622176244058491240539097656877256235845151279052346581850041111149908
4093573044381701004333825958081420923185855648955716595548583153752167241574306747073123301312447687906770815027018933422227596
6707271839374572454938209957923490292030537274459728356418336773458317286912917431092307541994164910938497543069009665010432516
7241600538166073336929364870095691302789706058064621204209320909673557421090888354529446748882788614331747011940455844576764284
7137143302702161225320499515565654830535431434870632910006167776519433451398361978770695152191140156154509207190258738746324525
7177837461622149136708945368215880972643302158259696018853584758017706472295497707280871705217770629770641478542481671610250773
5554013978114456033660343221358867604345109625580200393288313536168463029481940254044728394046188030569648323861618169629477000
8748988786120543881188413407361779739580428614335192009085939766971185616502526635854198592751325209395171686208426924544564152
6617729010736669611153048037379873649289970538055287963581277014784710903080627770559078145423490012308690390159447385760636617
1396112919025930755072794022535421762089970913319020087082933809741223660404657644541118861471741622430838236195432385726159361
7249197652757615950334012535738132798576509936889286629270864681020298782574659494783085110319815705595177485744225974776618676
4858557343521566530159783491610288461205535017137620369901510860776505101408698469561089138749268742702921025433191359814405089
1405508073047405874902803040100792069570430571449445778558936794822787960786336616853548170322337310425822658832018643837559079
7255075818431908394615699437073631405701119134607024097267578921840611418622682373870814723883284591259922905738590072345115516
4240694967339735201081972989105259182809574142617805837465112261091318429255228721568810181664317538777929819157212160575829023
2748237669200464565992816533713130419647283186413179673011963172187269272224647869974262327569585442612854368077691269344188871
1222760335817459965853292578856201576938118519312855304508610105281112231513426234814422228921425942855517206703964421120719762
5224765636718330925202872259803187360837016560225525039097597027027310508724003400835919326880989701929146674585353105826375662
4608686356759945389820261327877835956104857982859971343770150256738677287345081654437248462809898624047205228119203349515135144
6762635128848980939500701402251709503914581106728361156687648893186497005364492516596632908393739083848785619442884628144162198
9408219837678921746467927680318487696309519621970987584546154535257273988915610716263345779849862915767049642549659017655936977
2878461866210176159858735856155729710212544372367962529421415383498942572742627275020994117127943578105501057737118382232121164
6202970140395425040275648643808519609153095822076099220917958127812733404125781257612941188098229102786208245263355552763155862
3412899983063072356219645639174430993848691176774827540248823520470123385464397586328853608924297363157128484769714643392030260
7516335187749776239975100738544129195651952155894618035351972235899711941435830137791970183095848641340212385537760526454996975
9326117473414458915105300842976184452176417489508025383214692364884363250764059076859137855740438113389750789393201920849913143
8213713819060950631004232834986002902474872793703875917119551478078092258435100422531909399249521481966638648761188280089875780
4759150755939784604117474362263502288999681621525995527689733138120086197663894427404346527959682389904515329738583325486736756
9325978425209872464237977527958499931962722888446298443732493719892549369851302316811008601401750818556435135705126450083049922
6347121675883203194927076244218929133933870815129366063255106247006180593262999464959953693728515646161688550961478583928288648
1770297585530292141472219789662846895032928913171250259285237148388628954759446094661658933173846573153793706711301693991850474
0792606603197595851399011444059807607822829889531316870539398964731417122727677982590799094547174678976545309066723508642538395
7542251187115005568283732133757451228935803355815247833157647444961116649664568241618566131440468159056245333148920222556848970
1686590915600101341570938724862037843381611006851337958368672209742162426192678307570447318588843817286911928534762475716887889
5985898442600265569905129276649109155018541224177922670883691334985077196371351903258301592600475229763499481236752268688794381
9908334038229937596478744640386393429233365920050089472460888907538665294038594595567391991275514366380037563916695381509760722
6697176988394487279550132960940875716670256744139528862226095599316038741474608986574869723524996958686407456560239747388319182
5272345146409276991368562911742268892736319679968918454777104809692672080906197146972033144703725807051487037561295160467451538
3361581138752178146561886363234614574825214993383047665369152075131490893168140965966229773832573946751662445845244243875117807
8497747825333018837277204487016088859935993376161231128402571833027091271675038762646104326773996163504827534262519513030402352
2850247104178367791237021165640248127529302018809122924281078393572312164207913339929888292707995450264033189457174311609184073
8924909933371581642458243436549195910810805622486372258791244747556044533591204446068293714215938334798650520367000310196349472
4508128384366452869820524778886955415968833938807781198993008689473057745756213279992800316467476453813822465284911857999907387
2023953430847273884483235864052375615320236609720705596526699723117087569499174093607783752368506950667179330339328300764225536
2114055767363508202672868934173997107264743852817603394956504753530153541861401139621693806395357957937922300502759889840467545
0621018093521434841220357944235687355230152336239627344725027296978480489999738827553268628247847786834042126152054295485896741
1728177905254640772617413047936979080771772313470023078251325162582234445493894126314939244900306139362255151328277418578396047
1792422884816727055970087290849551106652457784152258102530082023142369893647618177451355631227247379577671860849853688299849551
1175037347149672092098074310747361251964753674884333700769847744830036555394374700856740987145924794681060765600644641697283847
9174589667717240975144336198616364140632445180996668524271118863864525314244946497799850056518633949293612226613509484575056441
3024489420602308444377762407441001512681502589345978196662197798484057230208048085644756143263157845710447555275495197040972213
5990095737215350840694710792788564049039561363466293476205766559255673678361573392948770517450420686662337759686497763541080151
5536095650185550909008740808818202276021308469567387829730017248451381382214473271435330569988489076831395673641296020100168963
8691489605876605176450990544960425812802030262532258796192840475047025803288315858498575542856190938582743335067317105863072855
8766959566097551451268355313989562707945501704157509911384107284566676448181401117485715830603954518469086610851712800284373857
2622452939630203014872224939693671859800249164641618680985148159351811785234412541320836473437263872332827932949209391274805175
6798235720998149184680985250493187047397164050502295623889415695762080775856311836882958794525078302171514915009308220188324579
7404140736104785086437030648484406734008243907361526117865122472043884228991384547907143497695706699559582484787176857952820522
8804256451428134606481551907263647977538193140987930551038510575189609463453621867637464848455610801693723759700181203650436839
2454914648531519297448584075603475998203868332048006750382533505496359960760723675619846780966293281981298326598027774066580197
7995861529357273876737015678397822856184868318896981667361295506177063218216975663372922918478316465965515092121524544927046347
7075516111646427841984461388320881450094372462158722036978724530408790912720869813138049436688811195541657354372228803333585071
6429445107361977048898774220057765467210817429170612447918756002833100352538329968035564836996813252177717820091122268457886430
7174078917945962391527335388096356842601813618444449251961003226992399982772853124625379285502923443657958530018722098893816397
4966136548214340660067711135963960273659031432856630667889996071606345454141323196469871177597395097849304859547230071866679596
3726141431238995322616590363658851982624885785492321657227849247981548495242247508727680411775990290110420891478204977360853532
1644317907061571688813615690182418379232646792079005297020445585096706983621152261491067330546246215457831060764875633375743540
0260037498619368766791619780583839981870124397870392302778118229013764892065306663721631976910781105530817819103416467777655922
1257160865985307861172892171513923812618825522832093610372208245587343312911128848417617475098350804052464802003464019493811163
3766028847159301257741274325560482246090419451830573366629957679849625493927009484554531296839025641820596875488169323390321224
8232388226007759579919663974563407506786051531271638328419810743863932368666194478382016978871056258046863096095307264426924960
4549834654287891305590680957281622094960361243150054432811463994295196664383435297694301203486327605844830810715344529812950660
5753311902123482227347291010505867923405362170620911512612976729652957268599586765352146177919457594239032123428411979879139233
1756522666058959488542110121660842887596621268641851969762507171503624064440144225359791257651455405971257235743672383114242117
3669744927951794530124706132421697781115421405857509254735757547057701496218013526040546290811670945415111481766033696065077908
3743986898663416455838782244658330408591406810811925113737418608085893951934341548820971030074613077943621026895167359064570606
9471978412930979202834282673808363212715221979769900548835760002508328425519756934140019511728229374555172954389643589129389588
9455543651731906114795743817911783078297338344457513508249293073101170733009370971042675747320086133963697038647918247059612888
8987238012717473365026512535048463787033301244418231940438539856074603360903070483058902057658066015083363248256775852399567354
3364502373064620236820638615612559600453180311037005397530277541350185917242503038852432559174885033399595723295543954546558084
9899331087165498351833150053347482195081440704956752507876144131532942935103436324218551370249739155812929164520262875021494783
6908904643032400627041773579937621950623563067061899745276566450404645141582156514162192031414915906603166745603027411059622640
6495757281070400862553880509625330137059949973388167457480215447233006890221821337932185784669081820552176614865399261551583475
5214987707999082292941559306056717820096495439266384956685554643672988468125971218644583921446293636673793845912080991022068721
9098075542650837679681095355197850211686123726685262897042587789900344672369748441583193738857149324437982999889236683375639656
3454737499177458611505297150687929879276146562076664745364918792408073476880967147036390541767431864129948395331642282070602239
6878237499611110425456520778926623547629857959652095556385934261653929146175223058776396057712180642186976052559776640567287939
9117825842497962507655739795549675536045986355442960959176637564697703951624943028930326642942379066897205661256857648338706258
5607249824040048715831055763915681630425710558796489860046207669351392908027930067134903067626066854044057840603625024212216072
6132093035960157469992103741008683953459144927130308314821395510817197195888871912314613073270790771658400690547770532514734857
2289766523163076031024159344583085122839051296194651927355671209701571188590931542840886950235609126079848243347538568462648984
5766639281060869652151900461538022230554309323803322083408453315192390160247383316259588161796028371801133887539960085255308323
9483650441565836194775795637439945189737766569777908677905305601319160962603730861873961369931413625520373523170442339205096446
6397277751314562067770288602692729550017088466152598972362685935373861021657565974015373030623318967239986491125515528075018887
5402601339014610197678055292860126657475597634829577844878918241260173909075027791997352414032212153167271561905364752619385786
8491863948995147633786778542070447298998068007279647829967199136460489001972567744945790789456373114064713748773853626265799228
2370209092117301003097542080527068882722669167429990641325299940901538545419032212913930826834352316812337709858765794889107909
1398631884718147949515763634548480975677014453715972288924837802795200463595978496786857308537512388719226166051585776739717368
6941189534316796817726911487247546420252712714875639017653467949442416805399033991555627055669486555645886651826109264153186819
4940516166674720818220542130511334825103331157208156275492549414655335399338455554953498955587141484886410449146234826660024826
6659792948006838082450272697160209259339168888357685416533244048793279607628259013570705943914832132649302220555803191155769678
3450607770354143996892622745433805449122734203977711922327068576407370897444833149206827486642681899060356549533970828759001934
5727275520263633514968976110225542746359061074870472786303946464842833869445090010825025879958856002949152638295200941043841906
1327175710840731608371208629917959139504834096615996636184118498113010168900528468440699292352911245996048410672241669829930509
5804872329617982647538232786144744032881485213965459136524837612293635959247462464117508493059931748287964717902656930987863246
4277723315738568098484054986328302182182023008609946701266751039890388797338292226205365731416488922689962862442504898912370823
0169167783207015850910326779335592201489472916428336283983741331168324385837589731443211700684040249551018329769335204931232483
5298537282274168905097783252545295159931996045324669229561719918373117774516092756810950028198012718738992851067743291059615923
9444851345487696935698137109913963152214976022384665735269814043959675847649595558507091607437770303094115672250928216923641250
2149472592686716079768844857346451000286201002122320769034758020998927559101579776094371380910427183625784710226757782544230415
0647876642293735785152692483992423954470320088754545909378609961100700126777198798362991474951795873563734734785888619665299138
5849838488444430649533263787538811331357728938722568950445006777515651519234515285808516388251516110101450462227962034131202241
7276104739525907372419126181186384546119321638501786879645354354875497667502927550069197442007577146458961731206493061524033007
9422217503140335187736221742892478886207544102369268483447607791356773560830807813772377547585429918129160635826252418480968692
4951724274446263780114357613049442315030582695389596800003586264063614032462365896162651936067640252887621519671734335954108739
7454566191860852039559843736923834077952568697550937244831873949705841445761551247253789687164216518186201016215799884228535871
8439893371971012000885553951535059948361302183174942319645796198457357286423328894929588756597087846522596101434099524110623679
2208231333330844864465745363677908966068876448934931718761801046807820975248234034617078513450119384012451530340905431793537946
2305572597375584599916270867173159433891169944691281508143382202813205881528811308590035206333627177252785229699333403132814188
6581817307307772248849032636830370028521484024024459152842727518740380359881146898101434552487760886134249651169919754088451088
9972253499037895070298514770518285390402914258598519025675691003304065496834156654347189749182550625905099172508363395356804877
5758008808025624632351941198979018660594929305107322792450818499652772086629264781844489198081813129733546688788720899531192457
2745675328488913480621264293304705435951452309540398654081411328496424730516137398740590505211615977997709945823736263422098774
4319217301030265407335508264753089155109074707762624338354639950177679811707826932551029618948153019495825747590381756914645981
9125342547489286004121333337059776054538539726153714180036823804029952720452919240063140345998373975940156807239544138619226508
7242675874264000704878339896544038336920890771642735504973073959953113142490324395737352393349120127057115852252907686376626747
3473321596354209308933007945651010752129252885281924230373167976919072240297072208573755175225599946410500654362886750707794528
5727589543974524706691693259117706864773673979587751324354353742658357813584415514973239116989629743388388478173856874552697761
1142418605095869987288446285147568178401344806595851658792922110020211362874700057924021743582095514290749364426026381491938886
7017216586801442390706943294273005287782115442259090512088524168970016375416554459606914186390125156135455842825317699271637907
0211233315441242280840462166926685973850749956345775689925242698347596240183158491250150173733543845430700552741593194555804750
1797724078344241125893042060239537330994558786922162379383591805537659608535521283089375039292199790021670953442916099772863332
6130652679697033488878720295305832453720948952785209088953761883766005724826476556165454243473790630572440696210857988190704713
4744821686581324503785124383460438165434233854467259677279955943920755162775872557500679297287992727542016808831027373389642811
8818850180176632238377551894120301699425047464434209428644888921239546400810384063448594908229208386662084553428371435016786566
2565402723149127183692936818466510584042955514361987237908845951130503356391102529543147109435545190864583265738886354448729716
2555888389438655691918145095510314610669012618591908132566801282747594112804817710376968735883323783155393749243633468461076212
4037970808854790499072817736929400553034907676890898900783090149602127450205466513482819048073679969106848951996174948205730701
0816030875372524859030697931442206128673990318458281042368684773151576092499288971063578724086458233384930941299441451767263066
1664521612180858396451529620088930659358500352782541669595817923485051339758066634536721977274523994998146473981701939017205602
2524104027099484717563367769361246592695182470261402965977193164101572566284710942794698915634141627566609476347965721168530986
4359025426573155220274777012266852482447049345363636421786714781355224872652596955092178684933842367455487342490049229104686636
1405127824749409497462184480237538519293466992317964479311951604897323056429690265101169427550747026874617333157171121236924703
6018076627013550295381656119236991061160617457180144979226462876301063552180250667955529552359828561142316939674528337208856344
4374830018868998904944977293261195517662546966324518234611103690143089662138017933662034152841911712239931096922875112835748433
0236447221655510600424621887641222992324877860049632049076965940501963553949996895966286320389211270787434721126820780971624253
1124118658886218410732481795333541469161905682578320893049989427979158879370075562912903672274463984603712619157580009287344826
1490073439715132975375184719480763004789606934374075237219980119217402660147346676094869754304392997432951402325274930204871342
7507088153751893726167389642050254715794421419546083151335746591084804700733010001661585164038391983336305667211157845088930512
9454605864819889656904342091511833717539963300409957365660591244004512939427858955522107791635547956216918186634105330346773979
0658593516322846162016300446203238142166026181710436615937557978420890524597354295972144917810824199008158678995080211427722929
8980589661160288330719076634082892363742482807739228207426629330991685667550752678607146578792931470069849286956087928508404855
0981420843325337105199162550260043516249035154228170027681913983488364730292863723816365277728171439162179656110789246164875870
7235989772218476249654125554327002628917857770756363184283174214585030441232386973067535578285982100385381595377232095167172355
8531968481709055316167180990447601481938541581517577911736493317452245372585792259012856477270057051421673563226983021870172320
3966519268023261060863087111821082801296148611252172465597370204173800451852480272015584093876590792853690848377385063421097933
4667059194375637666825712724740535719642601441210189891690016272378550854485280624499553958549215837331920055819015130335235748
5180652276625067336617174370015460185337302241346649852510792894228685353669611675801310899772318114006268028233834332313504023
1941303813100529733477333374209673305915978659212933725574700988773740701325826021523545062039757705261878074707241548966802269
2746067443336418197240323253838643666106109625323987238695096142699993722607024221029583744572542375113816178166737688431737737
1790082381839115387609873262982695752275538347088304949304931589485737690198187441832377091589179048950816796427590616885843542
5552689266955858826481326722121453449315123458065490624658389457610909531278210069460670951157478754958271396713130819467585412
8161144774814776141255994752061769287038765060690866140571952344698969957192475271081186838639007943816699743960034503332953194
8789192141356424274503562578603345033063547574284980009602843989229909463071658256259561315235167835094522110712803401150014304
2269120125327746733199585385420581800688978135760399189023545691870920243025811096318243711254873352522759304218250492540601301
3220660009367443347579325094663071621014417170436158246461857082697811419327408184450532404128001876815109034413458694764955526
4236810019612678173215181621403086283786465950563987195979676317579127299901400746488219293603220797858502005948349760508971512
0842456999754267165377711495312735495780613161991580964945616998690779002045181519007002606802172925174094502143404195978695837
4416749583760585438101952975396064089728080431113199590836008764153005621794368480547875309689843049490843783015113705286745691
0795274682904383996694242263473123412015847505963674606830368047427506205910859669522416907398900276339485220277009294111636658
0726660439712285671104280059752886748116228091939311944983809111670167487220776456879193368274819545300958924106260054971842623
8150764216086897115298219326429987785009191738597276238467913392040684511353140756968540557235239878544391001829270153861846092
4383222134341106409110971398373626248863354871646454326385144812872101996077996725153807549596115873770116755372384144360289549
8170673501302124114120744895395545744756695363267571023745570418014263093634951684729982428233593809293841917967048459961199699
9763136038244743451806991825890314924556837135102471133555361059824564665398157293669951119702184740695499289874076409711970682
1422421956968116348857989939957276677533229421063047970708284154758036180433546990214632661390471026182712000805513222171655488
0790454789270387069048408785812014404576158995323548751958890039523932351478622587142638056133836919868045535455845844392024399
6828229983228262659292226957969701095193296498963956591476120614340834793473477949399153199148731691820887892496627505449096093
8624492093374718033878604413583151815223479591147786368391299257097621796393142945746725700896309907581595691253852161958930992
7107729406703783687280485106218574382700030054257355689626925093581880354626104182184797971451190514868852721286584413091561305
8741987234103316893377380144344514006198840745678799814654988835056150781397439910157073114301452768509065135515533734967678598
2735043292667576626222020726140529203825880750760734206750175908534901067729659839678099054130592189468939769616706044680647240
2763006819383647925527431911808115681683993973822624367816274873450252222984650251537326892288304742295886859351709349425297650
7134753100395351301348083365117683812003850761712390745630056031799089854945233811860729771699517948808663082113548033370410055
2156718353193091760663949540389192861228968135157606923907872289234299014121301709409557692508414639141148641363055713300497167
9323046502608972228620000366263176485575290223984881067717695579312796433503231136630486297616245185739116228913473000321724069
3402413948021099348085449161508115950805641814124236561124067595528674925736958070838477983849773356429271615279624883406948406
2586362309829746055325863292755259087415528960697154410026073785183365372343620398551768197389974234910915413966255239135166137
6948141006945340339297784658800718813009858499271702100629421441689482806248257882748211373263608811093415305500022007093455945
0842258683716404942736428616895358695656655266518974938995151040768012671515151979466768515865903424648012383400333040320383895
5049269512019956300105561497239010604854186206683961343893764070138734690927147819767835829400814779254514025647466904224213470
9569948375696342652641662102284605174592869950745185014008552719701570802715911338264166097617707320465336842190177333964575034
9428680684767284183633020532362541285325879314896297017757679938122092115670160403478099811406505218708402491047782860144041267
2048668363875460097326211666406188941409324970507852534507916458181293600129195542233794471499710031501087442970014489278431811
3405993437193068750979763065800204417948705854493241428660974718747020128492308645680153785966021095932035295060527677641892559
2814589083509652662902787080397228682431174828014560598681492336798258054680671382857806718386021239491601389601875295478518945
5986699496572944083337074930929834075993621216590713141225309670719782429561351058677320246208472110574056384475102009208825158
3701143845992716374497567663523592738178836225177899343548036997338523733500001300643656167477000925420983129066143726434092701
7423291379038754262185514882391794604313384501082737513845672893062736061561920457702887522180551612186897189287428790772663945
8038882462960387008399150903931548842040303337569963977574310341965170156166264463639669524288945874943197641758694114087360524
6755427287648373311476510042437767363082433235534497669444705172475485394287772438817148371693824101932257743465051113814804574
3302584529244780057393036854445554623243089576362550605055694156880682183315829897197741778897975736012282052319045886108088033
8087176493289867561968800923375092924482419715512093174473694625106772042668885277666098646361898523510402733964872800445131037
8320007995921770348498605128869111626930267035943426816435809551556518111290098800524644244409358410267473862764842446130048523
1436098828025610017328979458386153232076446194265248731690143382189291992244935737904603822794261840119592775301158595671929956
1859896675014716704798696047818739852245706249557223427847334266658566082156593745460337399765187932861285602937611319183698837
8695387218535720582564065835479455701900416698839376472323627804365945785468346621682197696163783828936362978547295808542269445
8279752484506847142094417985544033613129823835703913986703044915444548737906032583690923865665220094573089105884291792454719678
1316169725449877686068579181522410565098719766530274437681078973112896904796812316498589687674134438686508004774642199962324204
4690063619499878869524791692206588255254568407388459022366711747832387099104508881401463078787110967721065394141648606132537550
1451429470869671002057789223158518659342906175930490990163086609677315590447420960904216338864582531646704745882645257996753003
3594769224483393076962577578336775804994360716705648101110515582304099946203974654110102114903083901640907564773113403226112614
7842811390980512417623967516307862595714647209118659868698680060437058188686064362842966029195804418885454481156401460457680810
1353730331240432284758809177395482784888827256712163440645440749728289433010840369051942073911490213001477219496896397735829211
4601945158211709423733169616586120219445506544455684681994448828365740758425856347182450418912396580393258871768216932273389644
7546606883962070377792485250777570864737360035965255716590780907370097846008363755114568550428189781279182714576817370377989913
5909871699164748481388103916215854782263584875652627145927520783000462057342075067627629231607264735052014948668522278967261465
7789853062938105623444363261994088544665616630390123445507860288440231593034911635167838522597643333127458708364830418263896184
1286144438352596484065325500754944308173042437315362632781599996019422261591416810474894175619846059414717720198222378370653571
6971462477582470633206125394932199429053380382783796898399516803651438673139498531736021776634684941580638746309619120992683170
8629432822993724963855361987882118654589234693568266212440633573606219295689682039033133123609808063033145394447533709295411896
0281594967652261579794466637274919984182923757681634332365968310833409307348568763974412665592870158544818035335013012421932763
7655826860692715418764005666669293766929001138134358352328235302135813053504743107776878655717896623753934484760219931500298692
9290168663678775972562133999711785783179036668870829240738642007250789936063529444287722257668245891843786516368999364205453698
1388094089899362163718773572230079214466119375080348978705038480095898940916060131319234067470176587422484787467679366538347868
8017293664803927630769729168954945146012294840940686008911896485848777037133106837925465110245874730110174759001141830380040038
0120439722450454617928179479243857705288134086458602893871161972846537382451740227055242495699985657918659780373398590814158015
9185549346791665800883510913273745072991047690371888044204398878541170797025220849684634548447569944177523688037116487344544844
3983330147768673814424552255794031561316294164196820680509267685360230979960997521617397764375675161021883986966830273621436840
5559819786199323213875219658620019627595340113429135282821726501703289978583492131096279542835050405087347140325687712807079487
9787946090092230362250195573096660493646419587912974580035697132589473417918325240116393969464922906025196729087774385693764553
9860355320714920060965670358032280168554148297437945180860387882403591842300282814921233640661490871801402207762626482522032047
3097025361491117451005377278198487212237099544908247111077372764356886263791448989161160949762415522639831639294698581458345985
7119461403366321455704765813404706513096376229662175435103856904757065360840168635845572631764671801632765978886309611217770123
2355725108730791813146700353437818727398062989969964100944171032459233591148110740093249920429111285758187817891195538479372333
7717147589069034365041184332554553609756818941590171329038369697464604453126540943732615622700321916184110353125350100127752260
5400719243883713007355805618610788516934976237500923767706894033322172234355015854525038569883308926393709084041999484656996753
1283666031444516796129629651038339271512674202354596553588525167158551065999313761923723647718179391480101442800341777895133996
0753973775383179955400385390016380992296547654995782315767306424246762945687075752145691419815405005932537449947304486849576643
2979180958396224767297581462043320034127704743702992357878029772922817116999851784773690688789215232089766369127969016032601856
3851573261415488209314332793330099314068046066211719044146103127781354079770099732602779302176734228288014045681315375260376275
5613084622744138175415292879907528314309988380989805830104342547726499059288400078772029464667932988421246953056079406071204771
4586730576036740853854978952480253788859203002939257757392716256983049436420156853771221502897572109716517239674204969203181474
0982119350191052441755943123327258611832950316806139591389360751863567226397368531779203766930988225110737707276225086269268083
1166609927459152345242074308503846915870742513191815496448329154263550697382001973332037653901875197894977220232463712982961473
8742250538546251559619529217497793362557849446641056066254726761640756859174902719692841027963345440941200289292587371677456563
1787473730619074666648808301286212846168364513813858291223488226257956569272198811926719725754005926219281926579718279777830444
9964885779070155802556863992597887379404305287991864566420006473195804170299129414259096081893003248613986369776375193541122827
8679261717535638702784929128089835277682571491318590535314932208130153018789998592505582846756436233025096155853923159667457622
0064101062279216730164192200983393569735835140706754353527254528463606619322108164129797836707319607352924077829068257856221565
4098966914598730293864163204728437998349124344700052324246741119119244973881766239805489297351925527481613098094358252765642656
3256631812453399632987567720287450907847236484423613740997675264597104916297183865029408528402827703543717537820987540612308827
9763193844988062420108359297687488837148328286540087218373263127565810612066788312087172343604520200144217517124505185828378183
0839169941798971803467138716750724876136916222233258526467257984594030393990037357389464526262272705365500201964650768865692587
6552250604997641261294087071350242489522328429130222914193744223497369981001341679952214443941383946458063259049876349424028513
2213974436158368636025109248174911312580051245505113315795959437260475388392500593400331863318219524296806654096778830779216940
4878685599516319690797457606707664358483790224825508827231099632903629838432588023623129489722939201221165328880348763488094404
4425772854689128756512183299147748549960529805463272504802739617344094375960651486501133996216955411590283887952698362709773340
3400068591062085249345178361745959828363146278918068111168494145377017234716441154409189698261322125169944980545699464089750536
8846865398199885991570109728269877331973845988335052515573008133676441111176443077214835337189028637762538757833593083011292020
5146028640720658045073881058022137119722140728994381646856170548927402303281330627742305686994941764560406751703346767750713886
7209258975092391507951817856714755923161856176501059139093203502102911025009832983122251947751287786516716014787221574638939756
4031047248735708744857275535082996528246946792080390060989384866585501142477546435169883331570932498501313613151748523824910672
5636536308963660510951867259797466984603129916969819578084787382312187680895777499152465628258228314680156051454804934741689251
0512085879302345402847429395015269085320583560263939898103230391420972595529857458723736782481282792113866713373594735837816637
7989131244460061235927200538684991689192443600011394251966967305334141431951393722271395226793607939272662478632186079903315157
4105861225129127048237596511466748710669457275423951266966241892139141936555720690437418563605034436351637331842274069357984239
7714780490538701008702866992517751463558344819912101444037343071198346617249265664311758101747127784897043351442589412949637554
0794058900554049165331519254294841158439399536633260010261808293322453935679510287405960977887161196498223064393352481611148599
1300801876528225731545729262391681879452425698425569733040068970789105907778300649408653356394071182530765139660697696280006682
9500403460028711452841481826687628011337250118712797471026118134978473459279189369396543791538899643830373887355243212938105191
0873118171200026341001915337132116843336126642682077009436271005094613931653248785836179383736770204896797782028704969977499350
0015763840495758341501065058600781266869591393444306380925176998016954972799133300711081355008885083487358653288976991291458433
1182038281534129680784410839850542254891681906855217404657576532842299794168911463577129652659153953666202320168343676218151354
4489515205537483086890747806185147028159038841561163491305751443503026033718219551299657596422184541173585136713789948319572208
5427049518844513938239013971033113865769356316346953363872557559769111015332419532829697997722648255367995610629118024243751562
2407474388820183495631279695253839995841338363502759887550630065930650395810552864219034911688436057782562693639597408091177372
6597246835826333390472023469934087393575305915386587464255626374910540525559513620612895257369286541372428722814356277369790926
0540482329932732167361734686964636330198342028336626252732092257904785101659859937597352536082164206650257784256989122547150860
6958569549047812907458129176134743095874743438183862052347741885494624143736509130890665487847350948675120079666371405006768737
8780431675373547960195603385932928721012510177772630104840609721475744144915357267790854338213160647630650329373129575638594956
9496521524390891252020171500116808958864975665633521384560269916937417268750283135245520953900937858745308291830904258244389317
0015367958131832930196538448945414897381505579147872992058659675192664335486653438990141847260783598099119731774723267313420147
7668586967951300028516829535113315808229408687973080784960696295388250987543953394689424360452251573606982659417899250410280988
0855610169950498351316129660470090096789046559977941298373823170600445713232790694833343261118257499105417238723309775430866295
2330553865870284141777533356762036585595078938692432368606760459748846645365953536258322870084801797022785593339163737467833147
6997226216417469287126591633487052682393389785830401431520389186301156111690874765557617527284900760279233718743071166517225051
9560345000426728260399841368953209835209100487337639538936954570820031680886090876109665021023200759147113373797389077298422122
8175155068276335352679806117326566700814346009488428499581701401590558929437455938924635624938224553855781741120788865291783407
2295536946679503673362429092591476438921243024065802176610048872694278802256805275897901963915809617356852239830206442834187860
1980560976965565165140981488552352620248220002599581191144636050647934285203553865821505084561426414945738261567792216102403148
1151908591260497769379834919810177114427370448525005415075150280396616811812913926897078347185577604045023394052213732465977204
5152624009308747654657296667409633669797187558140762249677298229159695566185953786763883703575683368256625993695568514289670471
5898396239237604417219674285036697981388707533386023577734556605753254850219222927862511398982564982295186931657039590148578018
5932796785525089331274908323688642021701636412080489905006446995970747450915290182470813258134915840332610387871533886024451368
8138194206803987511384906150527820013265474338857553899093509868964543274546783521373587071739152356855552276377502435950664343
6671221923018976396144288089085545597962326938710922261699996323322275457923099268605292778087753199123847741515682942101433343
0553836973054122354894964985734607674790792609106461042226839499946875666977767744836458472114784382708675816804952000351499560
2364997010884637465860014885474868656892220025469289156670808481103243684995557245150848863996066555128792257705475749161690025
4110649532154387762250909130921439734079690118528643911754202049214907597563788601359791270067268169269560624171237553348861595
5940616224028249469894892261151683448506705471885912971357007128279832881479611563158245452847817654715394431167451576558923691
2701950548115303007534807474569747157173002064876638265966317419898895957065042960548048125830083650783906003217529190210069108
9448438509033254495362865744281724512323137198768884725254104680523096628653622761003126111128301647813853623032837646549389708
8800961571279179907403520239170262557803310568213744508717356574441764473623277516011904000012404016704294869157929203333991614
5621867976685621217499877201966531190154493625522363719922688125680349437187226891224242675375445798588375405091275415995993660
6776602064451444697704536229609651834393352676778641614610712731028707328894803760218379598569050464723477953936124087430950917
8609350069628812265374110081821823052163446196500492527833170210965201939797385205224718774402651526872691305286672629217382035
8488697066441224751559631066164022076293716903983024132971083317225244640782734589625800094058649006568726351629980984900472989
5845746441409288197669763941632849306888745439411555999404218596367981143977695990224865577494042079971012624349908586273448094
3944731944003065116712174476397673714373918870846441482703374457072218866041336694655582361341131880499845103050687313792470342
7857292237476195260600973001695477364449307421802939526518179464787823934178232688755800049682688090660718430541383983270572304
0611341821464316878794523833266573224644012837504558841156871904475125652999503438286924058574554384509785291956022252381864357
0405626679943651292212678664558286589975871490755359605369624889948784641951887207653741241486219388021477385980747033128784838
0349563685997861866328510113314436119201124870929479544327167409917885140426561670911266619220856732660355093308773694213795936
3842271417777258599324767675283259950186722960735488702869088413460362934496727774403713216022454808579752649987147082209915211
7262086846799716572297263071380322488276591389406786696601706848938742607301811413241169596156442149745813064652698654676224030
5774876540806221409456713575924968982273367206175097023050483195829231424480633395579433434537883182331511499750784779245974304
6819745509357317439429415625378554567362388569070215909977624507836378437106698876357999443207523376055325643289588788312580731
7833148656904363694334569121139758945904938915660261426660062808527488257575416983895078937523942074734502850315306918181450849
0874641305830980547277712020017148651915548171250649493853510014278214375521776229277631115079740388430042785920214556466053488
8302249778400205215684880334891997915871809162392886542987069548288428411471154533517912205528047987025944754683578880543791606
0358320982227642668267885208147099122293592290139450664586369209811129197752858004803010616081626472750567559363814707696436535
0313506752837594147209139665385131531998918025147449755897149885365821721038971422038604629058413601987368885444084132780675032
8698373618661979252204221364880007737028947769589369624595251994724054095272484618585409406539000761630748495654887039290015310
0800818173175869261167775704612174999230343952148568401102639665953327107535357309312915124706207238389207300777172747117401698
0640073150863859675544943154734483059715378564796905159762945298307365280446171698542814284025032267504158534248530901828343035
0873201504993233632733239057534034773053022444340692497950449652566396669145334447109018793398061041589027430348848568737315985
0702523531880691374404054678759180464956226260133696133658291458560416403819468440250477647013266610552428012647058409477074911
2679888054788444461424298005407130238905755507645631966764120317200939342102226493489457200513433158963725232826211305616759400
6659241756332251314783750854468182797311328498121933543014291040088680657858265588241030117849346100683667795040402222839296842
8277427249362157833641670896337597700968219737912856460330555628526942419632625557211562429343845027815601523792180592076379859
9754404607631948362062894438912954500557072195072644550642458309860663622333701157823267362150209715197912528880882392701349340
9392967484360182578733939528902161701930343748675665636284278981486199253820383071398887821347218338053979003089742707812914379
2904235361284953393462862403685101898073830804299574939556200135991635904384199077467177409693740584708928799458835571980205648
8121614185438088992376830836290018683875444583668400234525664787649173577729566744205001928280399848363250846307170382670891227
1379156561645180509829419293369128655964653490776933715927876086576622995107120980971557236204092369803081979966524323872401105
8210634652239640140303181717302977441319086010060056823202877048062527278336721358234059108992008083109338742139836036323492605
7384031376893772770300054085703713950658765604751229388016547464754511995220292088356538057488534591958960218276518555883565725
4074775956662864334941163174462487475635543748972688834049926463696503634025310758502751556398690346342648412837461668031647927
6365750302288055740676475554487791055706610049861824646116595120976061102018119073494765991803213702717674747175954421813209939
8009331937511328151001411154015547213063838109162601512214845406533014265983012161008264010599651427488015290161524354573353234
6470978945561557225050621564665550894387519941185513668617316911095236397590508616848692919250154411755818493336504839734750031
3525111855377922515708294426372763399105358667430235504503228627410198905334837234851992023849271193012460177555030458178964902
2832205291216922852095126506355099210740893308816704635379794133382523761361826241501772732710458333973916837834880210080414250
9084082447350749526849475397900892283815818083030975632291741303292925823304366055091504295072069505478412237935230243114270458
8733240614953524515745727759843129756538792646920469274157284227528661937418719037781765126256474601006075476554791323844619684
1035243868690685092085007530104395247063420667025726455865466535541087734271159372906562129287612463548495628710375386966180600
5440542501876451157868698528285357586655663503645304099842630588650168915815059917415278238955617758631802903768822104984447821
2018849475721498910886528030895133588236820109040257215930892013189827568406433756483461049360024443491773721292902184969255790
8822875627013591731684908728396697952056849491038175568000507526035874582989907019189676297477355884544173196568562596540184740
6207027832469439408465681825635058880584562540284002435337574271598044807397129809411607354965616450909115426381853724556891033
7221658030059861817521753782741366902139395897501991336285575875528980544038829626149666345302799699624831576475243396464744984
1649540253799052538081391692469181324705607910980425515252483873483980593877409055481936471747872491282539042199279780879543216
4236145733824367590860331474571745015558798839670826761096891349398910243527132904379844441054007921880393265550231971508677926
9325201276405157061556423958329163005949768823959483768715570931105074676418085399720398268434277889429566019457186074673651582
1556755082109554008455021604947841187746491317217027281220528571996910808491743715098726471698066342041982149950618417860098084
9612051527440619756444098523237719085720236857461176953239899550769256325996619384467815272576473677824512425753715748473823644
3293706412332532029368150574309147409666660955800738909802362577371939197344269404239579009973609254902956047445459161013030585
3889810572293351817285095560307955387570122899356894847953368306309169743185951491528192204482516204225431961214922057114411745
2466537795850541088028557343809549480793529110899163252329393397207265339963882361084755962562912216879860134066671514387618346
7860354854395803331508980945959835169783983572284248855654573657487835485311040917221652836888254950796354469715116733559514443
9649687850645361629683896013084952406507914922578933911589068814423571506614639956792270631464418346423540206296752844238915237
6020288012912630828121914201273847417936995938147436941121877369382021368921214557882494996867880498498027992143690818597132057
7464732232055318247290946075477625177092427701352448918522702341636498386700884661390140882325113012278493389309349523351396213
9696483275515491260944768055252019253491922403588385357522280969636691193420388846988546363998678336385777443993831313531774583
6282522032399446565965739736752150396232120722412203505719106262036358824681398508892551567229346012725815333843066908465157756
9407628149379572734413508114861082667244920525693627019900560538557779908157912341364139167913811711711544677292025506854245811
3464634373606321375959043076084467134891991975403488809906777158185809859079955799214529934428440394715803296141747865907907489
9423993889790762040142434803114305323935291193328498665927373291227929076575533913306444776443880643225751481031179680675214923
3368470912062297700011980465345274304044785588310672874869214201316579834207228249128013243107286248089143869069547088156308777
1414590222708121116814503748513196371955339806257298864789960510451079590735116383580469454857965360874314128844784304143454069
8766678394720390254448078037404671513243310605018703312189431738938607517130277658972087080448195787216475306011123823302381254
3391550184839202307004590614178501644771630600861096494601392733266531850599404613838770697571965897048614790913072319558856284
7803230787138777594218452988887094396749088370117209351285801556001096168575241228759515079363186428923678980339871398190852582
4019696628533985636279505759337532628472390302841917324608852947709111244515112700445738982371253756187679740389512024539739520
4770847899134941839230668652175028834007538603739876886601634289336067458758592877494727624461743546957277223347887135182085175
9704365765485920770156655545282270424007413902597806432869012806155483311798101235310454409760720811406614955012826140011450968
0313480515097495573412839063893028999786645804567919951099814820194282264604422806064547777371073192487100289094441987847150568
1657543112009039941765308947835121413396501421019711136903259340105124014460634621836811024214292779775980478293474663062122820
9705767650372955367904858685510440746508331239334572782478185604370866609254504064506288513924921428844442806366648997093161941
3489214963851233247024856358669087681654387218345765317192165484089902190489810844772030255183904855574220071570304690043795231
2065091959221855386411960322245401320421129454685844655947550889456851989959823948526569728196088066488438899595441765150072821
4429114819428348855107669954324003559235452502739679008927728613312163086830142833511895866448006257958165946765071157730382695
9882679827690443780755577550740154748999710142655073573245474660654485200341800425388615819101330831466686148830980748666684090
7163405135812565179670235235614927720441373285793867065291904861238349709700184831060873375476942470039510660809272264903320798
4462917767939061046448018044214701368685457860623889616757211734619696932095108903120448131130054208365085745531785639497736359
8218165839330532616994196742532527473553555966673141549749982047712150106818828620285541917373915693522694719282613944281399835
8674485087809037160526520795860814268331241546826667372648249043039257847644579120849321232434718628926179993145231262359579173
6402705380929919120941181769537062173912605142768108201761013755197467816367902585985810911153925853453654100594647121313245913
0666872833826033632401371436548685693080139022484100159022033636174658329127466366162032910540421919446428986161784748017789598
4723199613767942411247930612753447325541505390129994382585659648148388692327147276519250190560063905452973361339890280400124358
6913416888336681958297148217827338479648390575317941960750631878321348332412104016113215430987661026879407929196484877377640061
8494663204235300224243052398541725825482919073092074355975063032796596426605495082752541621103997044605964809112021627153615430
1932408491193512375077001954464823146678231602554522550896013165127235920096414910813761330938337552089472955671775628068540474
8216732019553272236739723100215131535386354969462704414412180804694918899617675023795044921436432605559415902678545425651517812
8025247190590822148102225680479409002058106823871348717740963812585351667254545007307100968605826752214724522314039708032085185
2898242245907570507615621864533672777989484514162394933849338212142607118088404798508269488444104500180113716320167923336719325
6087711919535546884547342110103435389748847458344462232091767124995184518172878034781269231230242533893228603793308922587510107
4591474660599204864799066811331150365409997858447042372594886218949250820247279474918230135657009456785941687614114216570961562
0712145092385555182611993058740320634997625075753366666542910024626577807784857468873721417913984050547176339602792705731039726
5904226911569176720780206777188612328120845124057780320649670149526594811111907198960857717925291216166167928639613716137663067
4307416456452371611701931195073322788105756639763524372948315105493615715372579618838296610933712476520491005806495650421658587
8328103991782890592563008949384942150246156275152343753139757736003563406755966669814359044466955928045317799518086337670918431
0138083133435376046718367707916060720252112445257291714225747183751131216668718597844623190537189131972377334685833227229634752
6238721382625606157004023423898943602807707672999152909288657052128785368828226605301253816178238566671806542598902348311422328
8320139586923410723937149546492213794676826048701166669784481756530412597915193651538414740148097847037639468257092287852640305
5479022830982203377478476331811758576901670233527290215872232363518816501458927070562308753377018843087767143244104321568604135
7369186061703793181459759961931363593408835426106781211446368072605366366571248851597783995945722926222426820630491316650527779
8828573417201809585216027386210261861298732060253123609864528252840272478045882739663756003736716392199489082689850824432511971
8111646983909651153366476446390221276039522740932580204249319217339578537772918571217444956420257260371077236650618481206170288
2935054551970379324008798030984106801055948226939968902171687217907155340893582643366397894579369212912093597160438593641683669
2485378257568528389277310889609277386833678172566456312002344737328227016110453362502908568225831332260414575845627976066579941
3482852162228716106007258452673841400279159876124086723321209861347673279139378292982201754962295388660515249705755465339980807
8586012495756212505119149505421333725699491270326513988475156468533804482583378661782959257850441126447111003717332538997317723
1776086627675735007130894098661445494477133237650830139159997474669449285984774365441233470966013545796673243563388041724650925
4871204375981896728514583939521811481161849278118060344334503543763509824336823270998963842004711517359429526921820434423765506
4949119417418804810189631493303008698556136954410752013975187350631734375598695358460132019129899037320268439555839944615572946
2352205983666568424098911534581381260867463768189900460175744875437666192115066390019086651996365032553554531097825841729484867
6396761821871154925250940721334814793716957966097731930384514803099552848004844714015522077211735687647117734547230837853524693
1596031648179998000220637673943792334209148422484797868537888852196932416293373918035158752836265069893009384789762509582269339
9695024706050496247098862490788952376578622083442656866053965079277898118236124486093149364786379996025483226916387856904200464
5207178534801739733741859262250257717063345689422848102283865760573174574242830519134626672907219548945944321186449133371889496
8091522599148708961675484538617588113615426169855145369191110338586586013267131819054886276010519517578355159744969858769754154
1409888192657898889323633959345553144675637666158270953101126274823625732454329591205013981131246606853736622675628645701807371
9520905296639004266979383969455080705361676763621326243504360544161563837353776252465278766865244727756979870759572455920688699
9581386171160687133121725147597447299189214610587624098233087649334093755829602691095533964193964555227483958747057992036054166
8721053344317784071933338712749304229416314171955616978192540365793299631623144229526476496982594982691261090976385827573975900
7821592310703338108652726889016577851582851275588755649801212540201927028394346407971389167170778763825909054893860501536766294
1680216758688189041294684581042122535978201496230771039365667061380634389195094311357702877874169983055267901138828354564408227
3161070157288336465271541894601581266294703722546655378330486847268915166615856440605517140340676687703279431660743947236511822
7741994422834194190860106225475557703581613419594307564273066500384493526007784089212735294217591917854424698645245431154845570
7453435530259083182485810144347944810673614929556646679467919668579911140259730381818980942598880746925296760172341499274790409
2328005309406832991426090784212693827689769275846169654962563240745452602435209585710235753460014401490458336687380630135023071
5366592739312999644456849006548399917819901894358497737731098338943033079178655254808256654806548883980302404456845406302737523
7903862311453131512315977712627346676478344399846058399879029101474967706599628983635802084695117268292559579897221003598626395
1226042367447825280036345293351132154926212820976803484997329381495188404459278925205516668444497544901886948777923893344531981
6856828147900151315527595804653628550631963940129883617356848115429626055627960941822258407367220366681493979858804129725050531
5342427449777364357294403483728929672993293331804282077540029002773232860603723492768689779320843055290078442091489307669129440
2646993961014124319764296539370434958358249722078956842849671467698536721940846395173191197670777284048312934901527571955362838
0198542559113109732314309858412233715215167131228324026800689688315670022802995393900835564840785241774828835077665262843753444
9550183762744591451958276893980778053478437092327149970098767098796188062615518630585477187237482484844353645352242801527565339
4554133259430221270883589344804016824319680145988501368070988742027201586296359667866696516024912143872664381709357471736498210
5093801098192097809224518282804541968783581829389873304181998214634779593308644761544892301474532546795113168811568716153209669
1410860371073926432124196875939453572716037044352794395231284292433400177009767688979893244784882963302195811252949131002020348
1963827673323077855623143768105648991600618303185458508264555147286917125868559346485583695956446151749324530132278047444739067
6874456031627491486993438537612795741124963717273593326065380547768578196708046010574823669488232340781667689355939847002297664
9059011156256654537948571823030159169978023672567790424242785131594034312912382632898662220373433122635586320057460971136026042
4324851680908243245093083193503431558790765585803419091388697495752260988154385332510991556891584925155976792883412406678432776
5169890219592441180988843355694784180780002217839745830787310928598719082559628331291213329365294364549008762394123896795514907
4029304916499522070046006091292088087865888798317559803991873835903034439822636248876206336683085957754970026069257438125567024
5122833726152490145361691490840338977240905109443464507374230617046450541939205551391476680636725777819582830317640677472291259
8887879121383290774133008351057610071339235010888965861277804156037797773751958774639837524541250075316907358014661336099985243
8039061153806899718406603277773464956989757949717475056088907096202984062415028201715624897091896396812284772715615886727140592
0697572299245622972158982736674917157478112408603912440899066443377237594315710291599368603222944799827489902803052151032150505
7013603271652485049620063445001242816749693945247727354086779497318820787447165373787134099987577277741625609459410605718145900
0792184428093364028147126779227116462983472771162905140500152025984437549037622220978921623538498863508150200422542729027788614
4411728159030287378714419332373354590292666051672346415137756916116829485503628039118411108736302251425180386282192968531233608
3508034331771430567756401746605566004814192531598982097023747313496871602413228109505959309225451717487757635602112764447022631
3428939513944422073187530514913804210377096901814387277664055693937327821063211837805670103207586535472844416128884599982345779
3765013258236529201610750246167509469405857415384290132571908547691847116538830356937781623544344792657443940779980096189839626
9024565602139835552337325332903285437411134785405743434839219379066510469685518924233636921521087402359934033983973385991471002
2649847962568274167726165208946386788572121523811142222528040146116227215917720262618074588389904637062666528544746561556536935
2620030538510199023964637151697713281829456055441798954059894139613970616409824903577033806155241943903044175681019965795785283
6461188416880024087073825761424480883587286299792763357082205040327994699188993856940062456204962545880583868705703598889787721
5944413986797134250694896844973795638537262177510549522817774683727110576630405084332924025735617088037709220742387561124513292
1615973751057225002195236737059699517585264539200525680337988614003524501832730480276366257598203042140690301023569755795697899
9008200222469601333665860661780983941015300488620597776980944258674129973552734738060885268066420909348372616142102733523433267
5003598890783029733738430164315966147920008508177297711130783619606431201578483617231981134136392404255762575061631480099367673
4714080230392459893569173674100327560113467502678424574866012722633975629063693151545366570327641280682622355521718987259238801
4739385038824895235096103000674296240229268577109938375885209481939108319170129231324096236414336990925757528939018270228944966
2361210030668060864499350273214477998565800871680472680681932947260121232176894643185754378295528202618772690219192407686919753
5156059412217536746848726448056144396547837914584560922069735882550291341190213498634134528385275982127813806960692781201779053
7966885142214723811725348168549783205309168240872140544601559983829401790243561220385975487819401267336194223205730538148703619
2086985085185073545036414851529838204481235650803097024838796015231330542654233028002529608154776678617456164886732320375739646
0833105952434512974899609076351921948939569136092110228925816092118172001373677700416412487399777738494320581470807407424704877
8185614688665309617727123329966574828512583312557787490171669059879359795468437113583190694186011613831079902014081217754134725
7131783601536200912167420913195076409694857630710552837087267662216383925992631278943851251589580445676689967886327863559646484
9888310805734900531289699098784350167801387862535778038559729898236704661594447329313866535642213694637004811239940871137589762
8123715241748226553144892581245052850529932097715696995932059624924557269075540247991049472713937530723957720713793716760718395
6093034172460809629440737053209815131819638726936540787299401716655839213840485847609031890782549934060830350478366179240604434
6633327894940509763972045245237235718323112502675490128278367355639972323817271838806709048068724517131782516093900913433491465
5582353019666679291426183344951264862654895560952921265198755899160545875749490172299073507227437486882523588711701507976499572
7489002650231525223980434094738594856401532028510616419177773329613390523750901433006132084090755184848290450781826037290985462
0539323854296447671459242043430937704073386171637825236119340677027183609466820564020370547139050173937355911835070350187485451
6965582154750741810065288181652685394941853476132562873871859640024361243300296805283748325817168878484565585632754351908511680
2886210467566660836736517150078351812871682359935951946868379376912994012664524203941072154686353570579681603704825530456774626
9665362335544365210262820037867343620764616695075643840510926473275049084133707571284177399685539645626628023165977084111958392
0177820463043321585863992470028736425683626513381632161117010851699245594406701811450201210813697392240877275493182279748367019
7250981623715632368538564967386387747576695271655268440119068242579103997269027655460321699463398768768277613166901925556040578
2730921762116366900155596821064099866827590787028023864778747307107976624095851829841563684215591447795700215410952638220148923
8642501753068607515960160175361362264643558443610150876742595480796702902130477857992388072241713968623856298400849938588555032
1187308644994319305723690746675187962892871980887310999328792568364489164541385679772588717510375815217942384186220430941913143
7605854751867100384861067666196612302899049367936234596159545293447341885894031370313641111815396044152641244256403303821921174
8006560725678932454993887223171401960145271946857211912769628951507047840598467703395747670926287903550867839502877316151413748
5747061868485506527664044246509977629632520838572005928929416857628593497937173916677705472302579778727680532363758751491026938
3023153622006915734476058970896478596388304728569523091701672491484313935627044876208043141561946195882862365574965158147452289
8540852691422877019070250316861163162391778272197273383387116022030059687803664857766804536240988573448290819394431972776651275
9021443311810736715901066501558981319880316837771114344162148017989800388690774710489918382047318311988709068050500771418272212
7599513906333939122554708100671399521304710290565461919067937465641955962609388316053120501043224440969693966990639899533003437
3190313864768728595063193176469208637792413542897116168001394022157595453909893711585707042678368387735204900683732630413423309
6043003917729256108805619361421477310316625655437814740309514638761344462517487426501249646525209961899684542352037279524879981
6813035487710494491438894246146083397270552071559892438473910394670225142289451782904407545380437720612171136664498766583513111
5704425501897608539934816199146825064755643795555188152948142674213138361295684789361927194878162187162220359319096077044697338
1170042273866788055113160203247185045523345121557337349823787766288071325865947069357672811750151752362658390610542086745537803
0182650295086344086825098102966797093995388649163271139864646408250278380402342942834021881070263294572807189069134900984272374
0906668841731928141540118014775032666661994283184008007242068962044782267000273516374045366478779586459658472979356032532424400
9941559950477797261120283165043361871515058911345852440301289987592080477208449029732297262652194811701835630896804400526302181
9586422168434769367306983212903836891536506488360440148109923788291834492143450307170521991049310812325101209435949795579328604
8845618327364168114007785559410459235882830447965260478796725064238526247677648804067848274177910485949526784938820751326532317
2508842138180368207641530038974478572707059622379262380563191970615374835570345785749767510398007047615953484581417608147080414
6150921916969845997446844026937752931358496152526223613349123080269156525204842351030887676736715854630790139383298746726376238
0031087628812333418550306049252849828620365883770156880965318518371047868891562748685920081560624079882621440888924178323074068
8556547813934656680983629186991073869359264408784267940961601835440468005712703124932656473056207782384291231611143830784642169
4764006946356475094019331519107580885428818699148255825445877812529420751612646315832517900095651843319599421976422128038327435
6209251031135205676846184796239439073588798115331056299413787815047447544760251266043212878984345103105431840273907195809002871
3654931993884850780377252970969582655676559449815451929264323578834644743068604576736541418957979028943061560532360261664725787
1145330876015831126155307819990268909839073491920596329763420311698726840745194869089228905040694957988171983477254803375572985
8257437969668449439729079801079379205727147223003815670652927114347162605507272520770488283403449339977650008075057150876981627
8526350745722665602676982911174850303165259851752432760991481586280102205346134401601648981884690319798225175260769925489404224
4638271898447020123724423300538195550321048052825314720561544239062181964769986570926083174181155377779882057584541395809301918
6106817249634524848855511452769182264081765291797239837907787970553958190403210902425419707216288535844322802242224844682625560
0987012833422099095295557450557916850795807069003361331869709388270541973078686998103429124404642889230735965872322730527661759
0637705394090134454432592452488278594036085049343720666733736875565892704518648963039960363828210137149300479545174722900885474
0438909745910598389431226270312843755719991811348892485728211852221096700168476622881940496574796916264512821293932878797623865
5429545451401418793893535526425687987849470147455674595433976709030225358630706349020692453458568350635883987698939555558472630
1147145098629672646090540159437091576295858909288901226882948677153091610088843747423989951237804279634707873305141146001310035
1453067258355914230711608884942303119909820139748995292741299997309447939834224950618749891034712331269306844559292626045946290
0350632260797112269078999525007760708741928859358707432624911128337604559525225243942115958112015615876335010570860522898738781
1402978628312279477469329446037732401120697968328000813953667479029085290308524043626235410022744559135665074491331563473370347
9337757755044278436081677756600946862635252212939271849678018763209718297572192696470355304192247185638719953361091249281203364
5405880207322161294391822123973103190408090878564615457135856917654118957703067143223083955082019279925860379183853717628861577
7799366841975673356259200026023839542055869990618462031135739235438635258865047764693545067810235010528954960166478294307447628
2027467028086256924839310527875817129214597755080392073496545377860632428440004957401492609606750537328284161904594401425287572
0946928415702129545673169191304792948477302426781915513863540380482590408165885780307409257801864775225156808756934724074392504
6885597618942836774284752567772379904321306380471869189416734595292130350179577547119957964477389742383246612250778027835962842
8375378564184742787926400597138354486910116541106048723078444753508902260690644823241797242756355368838174606975331846084479482
3212968824505986851162688090961261899834237009593445525206396148505570975743205626589129717163778397732428341839974826649188402
6250784433605236331523177619946160387836454523224441645894992796160653797716355919979290100324224314406791061386652716371890152
4400989435392530316607884601954369502551234892963245103254821300716613610559994576020035792556553491043544497572846045958494663
5437689141597501417826982456539318735177994543195003033035189307876601341936559142966278723819207128349590261078232012690448383
2240565515565951781099043148895044873938264025267367187036427905278273314523689584565134739736805096906657362307932608184624022
3576329018410785775670826940638079688618282322990520892260090365771287681416891560096002562633570097542699787911417555916230717
2453291822907103982064112069025122300625453433920178638265846617355201994938801382944512864303440296743023682910689965580508346
3275346241221900813564939920509014369583021411699796257800366335780055834288641882272217012847000156622653258224710526325808198
1761823047477639207496107226016946214853880512328754599996142453344143869395811453079561049784458849323538032761380820785136205
2258773098932947134988484220635633194802789720564239663961212480883691013756304617477696306260192353528126108628749643695576613
6833244981505084786837439890389565039428783638198451342774797405426073205683183254178026538685346206428799444442723636136435573
9080842459252171303872018490896413638818633597602353810855257937546412235233854346618680040369752485990328489156699457496819504
5734956183309699603857071255358660306282081929816419207249476965467352584050195709593369245076183392383809049796820142290983389
0663950400843838925251438784404925348605007257769726864605575147487057019983649102686292523010863667700171976798290888401737766
3133554911232814826547253321321519762370231796859406653514455605268584403622162920523841843001241629651167179835787795168834729
9915875102181929094696545619337694209374642713183714372607433054204210229685880508097695696888633628128273726076768020385810595
2987095117021662238907432053186678763052465613665295736124815230360572136345177452861949998291445717212884676001873754746660396
2589155650613427623626563286829473395485125944790254164155482476888221798281733050713864337019212875437294907722695910181965531
8195108479458493218118347693154287549401864008165971140576262020179031350059154171267408221692360825699802778787719114529741055
2994227854778559135194271668156980433699910463754412118741685322605625614010496732911474348010716497147621915462772990056635740
9885103937597375812527288674502022238204092589207503781840088970784707532373479354579114899440649532568358342845263798451171893
1120400390759648596081862269355864764100400822617213332109125827310532445408926542692499006220714769552811438530408840934868695
9637352403752939344901814991765254063329438135234927589317161742716459240954818619945185528105201605559036407476820639345279573
0967725725520221343652248725994878515580037117626550685849684690414565200284452932891511103030564811419601323232328459974123969
5151667166514928638097099027082126182546856178488195923185506331245117707219875304117100373941938587261574361349595466933901648
3122056019614029244775838489907181693402454194031630939340884628769127341314464687448572665248434305566402372170442289658220344
7261444332642187051262725693834547125915901896179000263992637439997458766108204237403853459573909864356641282495892771557042023
6977452997091657310159593635773017261586291897746068707373152247429150821576531204588421265308077483457611680883539505380780214
3922860418447742388907173493206552834918162458673611316176697519544920126038326376534410690399328547067085820148163398020288911
4131844303372153660043567296613439825919900174540571926796003444468128320273120297033737036976412016725245066800816469650561843
0565592489986925533018758592782811877964316768421296500160427160146511217146432195095933744734673635804950107620352420106654863
6645406729317349776240373018557665618972564221260681309297356903494539710063100566543717860365197783559220679304253096607594218
8395581134093404449211217585032937525052183907591091053649490577579801329664352206258963567937765723904612138153463659172391420
2858367788679710677058155486700833423902690944634848842142528244040019800469662248189870722506296487688337321695524703236140988
9562335938642263288699025637860876864417622879634601222106055965060418025394207515941236354344664880329773638937529679471456359
3869629127425084307826072099872319475018151572502025420028453624372211412720817771154291359747053407476074728284771551844057529
1190185706672366345077026144989614660307994733718658435474012628808621940611349704306495070342196599139286091306151010932970462
9675509101851273861946201556462769919002921112388488480221448504521451553534147109710141587683279463216951321945573166307639217
6672697005271871616738575015318763914957713525828413258526916822948066768551357315714715932196912191677461856418144576263544333
4907150429612203297659855554908990742757537394357200499303314336795187732766056993269698914296065846201908473023132752908744956
6150083396086150456609926582054844276634569272470435640456573226419822868710777542210573165448531019738194685407995076708226492
2678786284405544977160356904372320894983311525398796027674382539921414318300162458602130818377816924569056780073177178248997811
1585303840969268907598807940355932272770894001504038659615940425154386157294260258784536698627961267225191113300660353374029144
4866449090853757246935294981633041248861600653432843768265539085865624263955878975774708775312072236190746445124355521953038339
0619885412382828558999175920193016334591402367369763220140054897008235791975355396141026004273210423619062237213937060537525842
8976484958039104695613723977251336268561215466702146950426183444969792826975925369611735319989524615202694816932040830397174311
9564951821673710247264553143623225237946783695563652359502341538660577772441234930760198015851060420035149363908475167289811549
6152784468367404157734119802017549287296220448855141063864170092034156049229526992205564211402819767239639089903951267480899195
1084349314003385023967647400823528491190700765335630550586981662116778098851626565057148602128362406840285312235675524872617927
5940674859942896006453306875133525569054425493267698876245403823203215376527985578976643008721792339745957322665402353157011446
1029563432263058113381593903721587363928336506888785654392441615160711392515188910321841843403492466442469739247826795396883496
7172639941661127457144015058984534581536740542737103665437103773621233103380626067034160263026558390443198760839727420004712631
9914873013707039718441199896815680469326923849342274027255430706708553663676894461369886145860075954707988128252410758852549672
1551922530995012072301491677655182006822391780785787705916872826260151900149221019724939267128249948853451126842232399605725462
6980483373104508461112547210954800274259585332622017453698311994963928004018795768275261593898964198667538969022507330787533788
8940619208645823836214853361748146283829606466502798396069751370937123229891589445495370452889766339397264192786388083894708555
7956574006856378561036342289467521536334236359576203113726730817643632648603038458281607027513534064039819509732524551295593096
5939647576077639500586029620496592494701352335060993013958711501324112331829653462612315976140447947573865479895456805542744172
8296423959232512165579460974983453693457497491285869113279013506974543084139634238126476293873284263151589338438860044240330996
3782355276288558083473518137834514003242038994143031796041577911531844210313799581374155317783854201414730465792201716701206550
7105406465035531748842630956573813909293101829709167100331101814849787778408887961527614275809837033921260676349397115972110690
9643615107680266865840715334731751157919061855580521203957602157773380969437003086918579100512932764454793288187949797876169125
3320437252833110321043772044039248321368660878095814104499448998676046985620748260108371162632325229365624907230743947154301806
3552088981131531046172808385452694435204741530370783735986679874877536428004908486014008409001068550950540888673128998784481805
7440503329453373467657006789991046671852958451887155184801369224781302834630349870843861530093008719949904514151022786314021716
2709390621195321800279652002200952192418979261420927427122958490897500556999549527116421814590121223682055231817153659082402135
8861992826208042869383343763880314283402643395875744203109296333659792215641368608715044344315779183133340656043459727198349780
2734853139703811794155039071217208536677070354393864907407146911703003457454092806351920281851834356124440898064979131802059323
1762234053491518617088128044036706357776327020285634889111113700954005526394521483443227952188980642686375398780347144135711592
4027397751732022026309364751091606371427768246571192961054471672221120559486812200168063013361795376094462318094221786026438363
0392038021743121561693528064882454352142444617962196680006981383051817202169379782864384242280286939946138589599414498933359730
0182070858522164858867574874421689046928982559988292189961850204180007351631664423841067686122468503764793368632417463823286265
0700191191614031195459835157848968083002627564348814468750050055060620960050671214092145749062318287857521361265309131257106421
0309993332034066779054757057884677047198784197094514566927373158826040214788501636945490789604082561095662632988383214277496388
8146430655840989789550968117320096504739356599535135443521661785643633703575650679430439992282453217709233862686803968241138826
7498984628272507825242938050646337866580174070972879570659031107873223367860364402212183428942145402115290592836227443279445979
6978276114539892419020829624768340474210713091442435775100177879638010349673639613552216581396012901447719087628078745824194120
8522095336564609176473140966826492093656451125709888847406519188859548795021576488451306844892007565711047730272408121668647900
8524767921694471514347227180326839537161579546977834075174921433329341884828393393398191832645952423890037661848882505051151043
2944580067530192277404349067174032715610611074091485944569506105415953050308842454649185132382815370040650599793085560858695708
1141032332340176333446374984947231196716478639118202128308413932621313966803046203929215874583358851861354789012133869833074749
9480985593249065406361871874582636508161948209786505592954264261087303579799611153927773325602584185048591266936288024303976476
7322835259534879703369663910307964057121123765236316839734559189401161415410496300232441653039670294405632163031483814775087095
7887660928641822340331849719497888363217187995951806289777062854449559129016492535377000453799053164705981391283757823729876400
6020813393115291018308864451756852473844549771230553274019875173525511163873500444811237248088951714603052752360262642567865853
6201967072308522428055969416019910663232530141827188975690227560728650829855364963013282370083361622353100870401742620986225707
2869802657723987122733883328526226736949680510879014974422147235169606191520933028844627505009715152702759247026991603640320467
4241131697918560404418795016499808486429648304834823604182336854359989655705275261891160035233666029073733408580774645759107173
6464198087662041784095710258475229347049766003901523983606673438365749432588484287371422883288614656304912471987516429205303532
2029089639113957845701115097046043607676790299218866434022020078360708383436488957906770062559366765186955585351813372430895635
6464504289920784076224333417714908863182256990967502428628619515039237321418833968508382684390570422398059844256244914931448759
6529784435502409492045275382927262616866859838773431100600230894559679830532230924353989524323228472158682810144077054469603044
1378563204070129032409938042343154208174485755861395799608824865872543930138962034925792279431758568493941395394754047686715676
8867499345143102872671197738475892292486346568581939250404454964808538362896520373387072413955104371842316500056740851235207639
2274346030168140429762079586632175197653839654847793978202115595048824365507532766797058257757822432716594523867292474757570615
8116418268033688475580223253494948603537184329744599083311334953737050247127839879240255833527455107807664847505065047983484396
2629458032033571400314592548790506246485500676837502841162113579334258598171571921210523629971864377357109335285657941548264619
0524276024669364832317266608416143775893545796330992023551256594493130557067547024156422646526989759981543218213803553279470269
7049845656048970965053022592938828183548869262256486091586477018991837255857719144475359084653581143521408001578287580561915936
9529610539570129132154472887914287431871889778678946943105713104741010716248000242330469610192173796870030679714772937881344366
0545264556901297919417188117578751509627881737016436472816406518703771084849520268761391513510275790321817000658619656930708957
1126630442325657535785952978581421903165028332745161812379117711348541046986438165712940213350699237254925482467553006850919218
5721411832634196862603413999653849373180502518946059378586343176647830400545625593156677745062236816423794840646924829283523696
9566889818345214089079695756528442838502922581513940730675014653702918250796815796276266282500947845827720283326159797147319082
9317560741024728849503640154852784294588264197172188120649331980986731376355567665746330692183280397742589194244588569542845631
3577828329965372354724624706136258680035391223875847298805321085928193394693686066077198681054782793606636920380474314204706128
3316822771568615892652610314018713244424614540516258058981790879447066097870072989300359291800915299516058342141748356513095635
5061676595203394978368391202469283356586340799916518917181619890218937093078654617621002548811013022192072875054917226111499567
2293159175827100175340065081112035701753220885751903235819929349733241991099088182499008327172200193308932710369190557345577793
7287877879088510408061450710486988984638957628372307246581657037353807145126249736162916823230146250853818942298633104586163230
7832024984477944259180948598164959684871867948848537597567339850852013498502229835859692193114794153895539003144519694217709429
8852158774260606249546637223424939759148603134570091996953512424441839401422606873114052812717989308319825300637980593162367504
4443868737007280155976070920335648272365458102007219456742917706885599061474160397874769568586074099945991122357965710810304405
6905794745598083595623675442819199614676323588131811003338385631872023890221085694977414242799825541355735846812034684719203047
0457011399186690441251124301781521567240706876614307067167646882762698974983127872249705063133235031055532098528898796399551640
9652581539551646223682272835407450811885069347498654352393131589816331647166209087054200913809824196442611900896852634745826036
6159069172552131589074592658415752799244670288018595097465086916954714517572062029793973193555030320732773860687445556056374048
5349001165930930982732148212936887040004758525708856986464739067246746909509060364496603927468208068059374896651091078566710130
6254982141720413268677308357696628123925721390150502950572640806864637896561429156063059840807574455370484872143372214422469569
2175489787129382942852202790241971823638922108920609980574885762787573196139571654120370722438096597478384547338469999448759583
5779677161907195059713244890541696081649739347821725617254499816041573948157136918495996244811587574062062152794567408848302587
2529817818204143798110200493373689828340608796471631850589769739013205825657411890682974212480864416875107897957894840172709126
8663943826538718474564967927014748693701498556781723819074861406711142155938775092841806948205850959520646877840367557220520678
7792447422465445177106699668289442956655097062959653482152033676820332098951332376110889269353539366684304599313150351375802284
0121046685822850120961765570267263832452267770816505513149214924261156051159905321694021977473033018289683251782668439030324894
8869657128937432079954235872959567283205921860119040052090516147170061627077989260167387744379514761600478703309504193576305611
5381561915778733491108127139487324618000049052071735127115368151009776782599438434551832876965146125033956869670863387976299721
0949362683385697791271115461446907297573048650262795825751967646029677499691298037462050809938530416641818484223928338242122429
9766820839983470977275951789763019956067562051439591397901411073621068841669094149499180916451056538781312613407170881646764399
6524347269748594984863393554929474287488214701192085748591350202439606866037583191335302568028741994749726846505035406608976877
2807315518903493816008029815670675803410749049697801438415798820359073479308467800153777926573033244523898966885887408576598556
2253435971693966005243248611373406144205306206628977772254035623423592393288603285157497164481644751059433660694427679833172764
2802621839144263944769655055452576122669485060013276462140874654840615169333830556593045220363613387004343762888697682047116295
6079893975072940528060570984236651746363761678873252309931727588216926947288076839743652207728678149523270862367475616321714661
6924992946415404337508448250054422067066309322273329866764351438985216249046429085623842949432537700067268248539671410894502789
8240333706088312915806196572306355577223650119535205051323962302240268709606481125217437426747720173549677961990418013172593155
6781963827534077258276934309689853954408488415498885594714929736965951139633336078246485722224486449322009472875775669311469575
9358007010281073437748629060353526682504603164238126641900438090676758229061250503441387135871208008336678965627603224246244049
5356708068957856933330346985639541006539430131114293957097055267024756313531830324556261486697384925986987181884646073628504968
6088781492829096627570053299366443750840538654491246720498646497885473443660031433479078885663560146413659899024021823265546612
4698755327188359177076358836200498034389012684305157808211750883923932482111066086636126223845187785757048164121301047675382008
4187475464845783395113764420886751702440050366103999318308171948006157647282740757274766917041519563322385269555023048099709528
0571195389552617367126852668538451980401879674162973150705011024259186076369903231002763667511763488135226006543931654677750804
0619275562362999032336486727097255819748979447931027384044606019902431591438640635467977566427621673095319535200747603235302696
4867604449981342383768009732025809614182230646572537976384930951101533738349930256172344711040076994914315737263468451025930022
9527865696943210023342715736597334765710291291516121893348495349788313734498145749015674214471321122949483123539062028956769641
9765176523721839937410174251025970316488964877877371126040698433360574265827174483074565633308845572364434646203497713132542776
7378651477723436227947997821691317672343016210083663443777377182287912898006288444888091959123188074922030160615537818420033213
8447189492947088531974966589067358589089364485475991918412867217338548681050492469752464750298772894247076136639226285280041834
5454360318746876235873485912565983134779435530640178745325450114100396790737296942281564432762776663339965033474759509011312252
1273643557029602462258772262515086262035743506025601400592823850215645680844288819770466248021756708616474262140257830085882080
3749316335624058049683001015861489646556394155367973498744773935515065243970160613827515488862189910777219950612111041830333142
8451480666232257772267491027370674681436846933893722515862731717525412660342458091112720313220482317659721562206466780128741773
6590252632454850440238194247507400433748088629955607174486085725118788995595732312569896819608944355538496441101640124949497789
1257684894384392174484251124503854845960148691603301944875996738800826596693185375085047729958430171553740436704869195063748372
5735178593590752060263331193146970071579446804835972630866651058153595857973419849597143669821080829676089777998056446703836684
9360907310859244502541304513473974522087020370096397612021384703925636952795854616525882877878108950663963286923299046586524224
4736748114460524678435616682271235781989815828869520783049700875658488695718736121600271316948975177628944650186309894116256839
0122265134749874764508072046641714144031116931952372994620287753392883858943809994533079487667165865233880719017940897178306317
7314139776044966808676160030164847624119585864721750026892048897546015469276703858536945215709271741054424782569701147500084232
7758065860697872155705967293772173137656465001477901257876428931468366029449777184812467116641975319314916341175480998066511678
8213787357873005347083763974187729721493820664650580516006337664286359010259386041876040802392491656717630783835571533641496104
1539726264552952565436503783866624559510200362458151625173082533487696535010112807775556729174429917223668593210128877186508887
8321470309679685999475535888469479559195982218922599887296055650137375133750432460874145869352229391171673429325865805622380834
2056541359048531447828515960692963929079449940672170706409337197174760052966541653050946881379320800572898168412293068662723053
6860373992960297640329729816572073853997874011764757398797944036292846733897735820446934726176024024757470895603256455220029335
4569926110072668348278664329257941057438032693980297647417188505086076585913708391932628924011735966680243663432137597450444007
4011230494392556854932236273332089389934747612548401261998294903567663125297736568382740395489945640372131150054623072337132335
6844595318925439547616931848005923901307170686601327728283791660587722758968622818978597514280133292570491476960507397213932185
3642313707941792113315508020910489195204450745180517492522873324890987317406946100562361363175345008151634614618218325839525506
2427692898230648928178646301964171781644216637535917410571457842164951317391990752953058484915364895813865613835337731245388877
7010431184482412816244666073504621100130866578971286677458525711336280431605171233723698610913008947422033976946085031938114793
0877515916454772093488878527862660314336276524158489551235818954456016892617227185085470522620693855915519816376238143161430319
8799443736799287358483938545063592502641553678820618531061987381595925735003006045937462381053795139314188939327005235192961861
6759340733723316487592044207138087167698990178309899096979902164464364089126370344350744470572331313727851480014896363857798812
7052560097987652474276867365814450520379120040581256992867022098643876725081745248682691582583629292763400638018100065591005268
3106774405492401515494177672517042073837303505772295474776502959089196445416987270369786947855131616223965006450641692994332025
5855582574286277020845503779828089079164761761910842413066849248818854888626393445367304058754822066188520015897444131019700263
9198472044843711981048071735258326011544302082682349755642269651044020224003915379747598044212429909878394016016714106491656407
7815377808589332772544290119723706266101079820396212755543706404343739006942558946534655221133089320660150834947988585978442816
5845893139549225714132593150193123229669033684893833205775336633241518807901847649594321897137880458298454663559120194776464523
0400879116612606005027575801357996533825782630360057558670923510328348895013335023158934967383007297478557740608358705255176983
7266683495403368714481550525556638200455893453737443660389337826017810731088543589057015038655883579293647540385262180527785917
9515154749550773405200793344557941722519749405852747512969927332977178984307036495472318127241347248808326472175619457986406723
9518368191888409210468669956186116750302181387390597344128917877355951593149853095697850106850745402883068932235000062455347402
6771238670568019918070196745624606843885430053371888544619960477580892136283363206743364325496202732003423537704812210825777485
6482929731992099113054720411204927077100453390882438863808021020983016716953161187024589380636187873278841457216002930842647147
9086580408882584727439595283961649388079282398490521121307077379799427026353954996467076132654318458754445407020982965846766574
9211933498567658239813690464315557516873798138696846826984940696375072209871675004339676866312551085733908702422475770451671522
8116601759554721517887607233127079564923984623323605008410478991117346586220447102577578587384958136197341044972808673740184098
7135146663669772129679997894669791690347234150535985440597324857772792781041329129123706810764665585549577867626836104138395091
6171338134734949666403237923355751356314985925381428193696582138260452767497882006262979715518886220518431969713213052164146287
0631430030464172255146123719714749762611746753803707576735960990848350628824677285326419791772891874510486806367078208015683527
9792995724212035781617488647953282247761468865566020082106220151676123008979512284726786406279413459522157229217252165905352918
2536766618340462486482122665210247152075138704341907443423031644884751559830028648873890163595496896608683668686938870179657834
4207985050934314372862959059606329918091261977012574425026916852113090691158385845006538026326042605485030114114277066770366995
0403083121980863784638665369135497943380554934143397132755814677874063414921737247611566476833724738395380308234640207731607371
3017035318366003181883008020161130977715784016586015636467061595058652062869875350107267130020471568933409734170464250203156306
7978597058687788859694752086622825044743069638461579429486476003366615826282892684888720644513019714307671128574626623134255754
3225178060856930853571262377435203804205020419212526191171244624283460959473575918723283729545170705498401123341048944419740415
9391613362743685159686501403436221835235931626375947101387495019232220333271032937655938586143908770909065649064710101953494614
6134742532053652776330925214492259910738874571044952830222662538392022245336085949987893286559101791675451325204933710093660895
3150091954112952712726674404458997796890860249938694466648235513572474974162093062356467502005784802581269257972393197375619808
5518818055326965608441276354480052128774778908643152331498791242682676747511171669510551698928872813137576082004507231113018234
1869442353797750668263237704646436989107574039444714294394574053634166211680018322567901718394177095139221750525981664718345874
6533895638718548550755018968962814261467954303937753456123595613702977896395623181616704065331577434094624992851719491928609615
0190398690201868871739512766894228210227318255924906586297140986714101681237768762073978231156784378903908446734627746278198818
7031625744207762150055633900029138852849133531239672839021846058540394772383588961074862090538883314417964060795273709151209027
9458808924606129446923894166510777560369040702494184195952257501705875876785777050661631817125173124207320372163502777664965913
3571992627283246607384090417534713518631913006344389649603958134572814682981286787015904497353080342805307719694940285614675633
2468021847965102322233545270789228088801077254585303970545296705237224231512698609584385993582329483075661032700231251161660423
0192713398720255736106913269405387578211504390721637672765578917354808072397586108294538148319234789867624965197532780016350565
3634551422633123938462201786680417505451646469018713382722643171537409460426340292141021655461958038710203141816197429713424286
2547844227738650654059981449340163279595536790994781981453043554676804995664853696521066106987131049223085671186846778658607485
8528870512517578936416926762107480564174061090150629794502095506665701012457777925443164598343164919674568006002249856403680494
2627259489744462745552373437029184782032929858142986221112288622061305496355657681071521590855144706970497835664724912122006599
6545391156443312660152544214378226475642958908136790116192718647739147551525217967757101506789062053773824320749961986081365820
9807243716856995753119727006541625638999515827040154011379764506202860312616961954158869599676568905867509226176218277805150630
2073942766462908233406965969896132634247796801676354098426177499898295515362604488579021522583028021857262554533983809115858178
8347131968232485092731301472083865394183193666260253997648555077371404915951205500140212998582177455804377214724298329527661383
1594405101691517143629153539833183982495777310394687166385933138800061962945009756356701243200756906586574077923344666352145020
0197245967822981167194710233250484229803417371108743341686105467298388178153158024123847938905011673366872874417478036778662336
7258512385396982458981727808434299320938547592708453258132441101938548683407696744955847650770224320115020029123283233005466171
5842172497719189784583681309409508840094316855599405125810349460717428156132068389884811129531014665690641559952450142631134435
3120882941134196144363251034342986015603525881548802680508329909569735321266175483509995349121263055144465010373367684170785550
4158635639323481056067212351252293942485312028596582540399759383658505450921291350114073361212206891492359937785370602986743900
3248674367436665982259747983227106329784209726320992248877150489251570771053020539956408865849029873307934125408634817191607873
5454247998356721456240658773994350865596498454154991883699218368604475173834985657275975908620474089305230670921518592231403386
7351062162946891390363227270397968233004651810177775309863584286429947693132180002624305405957468154601633114090431896806560396
8578733043161456354664012245929168398575757646163138337526746639222181428391936995137008559247216584486677942670927998985802859
9200314360845834380351667184778736242928721806415925103242410837162869501355174790557366226463713207146043374288777068201363073
1884840380691470035098733943006470724355475360919052895346183170077857886208887006329282319454011758272954888828936243319780379
5906121108044999002595816055500975401842454091232971454535066145382445630442880279299409925299375855072691591936952415415855608
7427547736672177870270669416923472904176994726042270600865769556468182342137641250127961474267696372215125069986572926580684930
1283565631209283359581543095011894542058022145233771315616803743285668523226044837411757706026740916352039927306329889089649349
4270078841384513763036784211367232205576108266657423596077336951308763566593324577257390215814671195914760219863020884678789417
1094797252284852472558752948074017934025826602284347674097641546447667688812462875419412834529814608042996511263599028929742238
1967645060681138182820884931078366878249535027007771792225806188604957386423876036386080705880427884926800392921951044407013636
3181566611581199324907272529442720663293855144200609139564151757908337725071341353176155541142076746946246524270499526229012582
6539374062743440091085243475167651698361455560983223707251591133463685518000037795208788191244350973724875956194617703899137414
1430821502040369247348912270128694893351423782952149316135243013570919313886614565161358637079094402119428463930234964822013013
2907845492061431274313604396416192334514224786448855288597321564420931438182778758210128537309848899766746069430202195659612336
4975634130177816916191624410591783555638901610254745557743055701024321622685828565315892206810167787457147305784539222040470909
3426187794037654633853814952285180680406547839298481434679476618025289610702493051123252356926166123963245694601391065308079166
1560694708414872555648575097110162943981198563540849019446854403562264846931619983425916923587136273462584821828465235074422917
9261979271695865979574032703343588466946379682055875729180379739323087400969273393174411780309814669530363099378105348978942035
6060070323917526453062047842877465074776912567111669196792162790002591482979059554932579116312700674668070694919873464603223754
1894071532823340571620020715489409265478540234593867913381245139145940908648942949383027523114581382713294341230059675979933347
0475001838386962980608799805753326787172142674741106499743819708928855603482127536974433291922816520616537305575646417283646800
1407873654137191433607314317494815145886982224527312502679184216570574189580738684704012553837521804108283635888649341886347674
0746298331021251518403002440748995086111379224255590828431961727677994867561042572035686044830391992128329363200090117946273786
3394767633292754355096521352490384715569381533683416319072637548165685703657478638050012390155682264692286629389917053497837436
4659095138863302858042866246863612004771584058240848977405503610643181773657781348444480569875240316081167661626347187543347285
7911879124009359945066105568437670726515538210712672838972140937144499494198784053146413298370949806905102557089313540518536047
2387001299041180490187017325756798839893484841126540625119691321202951445764540357103908077323391792392357443606419429134662703
1311387664343269938420538390428981548672980222893983525849983661962674897972783374663857036358464131799985348402057774789061484
8274461005931054626156020913275021215007841002783185917701579638808358640962009486666957046897388731341995785176631521816719220
0104967747699292212229371707417874791998945791320492326714053322534677090261456035102963665329391198512545240166335302214953529
6438295329258114463806507486440728873144766916788136148990852634546220929994618127547833759089567150425084541257262887419748944
0763510822819190844430827630471119922358130707131670435790654181644862502449964467386506947657809851105256327118765427086936245
2850131634530202363427136221800593088389014446941597649063703366121196898996686256705732620416208851855006823708510518951595042
8751603030878422139220116631069675693727662503215348707642267571256820475012856064445690912370994140681017385311381651837184429
8337808674514385942347760110022916345088925240957432454452424792146056100857933925448423669501901023480223134384961261737051238
4413770733662528673309544847059059161282542697670213119975814848684886926540572546980353008826625285683672206383376561174283585
2470179376522057019705141639334564346002921054122405868536589549939044185327352857788406922050956188186959812914331458433168181
2179183768538040087965101925166314083741211822328135691819236749579736222030235331381929418960851621953749706426251383153679388
6697638737127992949029219495456980219928837272379992149835670720157263752765848341694925460132961677719444757263352390287952092
4093217437367696270862739890376907333913414784572650839225342564140670817115158483271922969611210426005659701735005263854191680
0504868284114293941201391805305848644129473248052919285116546768968370400211720819698688057290313111673099410825833594935299522
2193387285480585675810105037896679125123370546559641586098343943853768828725430307316784909701983568646060993578149869405653861
2934591075689506327550526527978208181872636707486069235044785075612292358262482648814374144402086535106182407978781842722397427
3764043018357659628728101790307107498150768318990432916850503907920600389618490690749145152636599605594698036095369786495988258
6957155927715716313765479257750780421880426026172174055737331392383266819616843853222801559499877374057106670897236097150948636
5427827682310804721340200045877249335498355065518235785095376215323629999016684789788057540796773407165234965827360566567682463
0931247633662980846735922260231265500967979148521116776842985570907612389971711829938070907548905323760203422391349321697221760
7882789193682587165711403864901445874796286061561018238012019307540878080647271091752229028944021330264150343818926048069144244
3829234846305757977743751433953176195429230057570537421684266250781148509555390682508579644164157541082064669789683815095364787
7604939164496265670478495045765555257915418238903189606069500034604107925625520169975834751123093859423683572718773062691097465
9536565688839857043404968751102502068918401627692404156712144798677665827278179931457967293092502383995754188611043728483106278
9597088053951878542145390264364113151329590157432302502341917977233379257169202042072712802096599668573120272798291944153363375
7607153187541747861933137718609189822023639083176590969309128534131402001720049300131597786926920331444518080594310667529269598
1927075329456693896562301483770530596686903351047943440879405951056391325510081534440975417269136288862213745763314617080452571
4793088300460286258221203503876214260288694619740795021100096527276740956582412254816142704747725930689538001063488725674114094
9964651944235263688993656306565044507502459642744800444126035956827838480470927964887269362894767336619648517065502062761621016
6129875810846273188094595526245494198400294797450838878997940481886389039479255372079045644823922532826285987109316717080651452
1158870497644577891842220310991400298247186591687353490986090963675370236688750155704648708257105452733670085922368068618952508
3951586474153083065442516047977847063483146004542723388081748533379792081337808607910165722930346295608653437371334690508592931
1348798137260798951844725481726752185101778730990513125012632961668430932041485231492712161518123487434868038690945449294611190
6621726374054578571840509185550584952608718450715584685612358931363303426238432883301985179247942967408291991891183249754595852
4638603540391846589823234253913403535906012903538328082937776681713183362324668976651509798060188640593955628086698902190682737
1314136004568121579468174164410670114683609747309631647110337083615027244209788221757184880343776037559026360829925134683110860
2743916110589248861852284646250771021137678508599837301158835778690463663553082493519868901155377573114305779992715972859595723
2324106156194950900453760356879741607730365869344607490682695136931314492042609961479060353962654666877592314030242319785217157
7037168535189901999950898708785124945709252827963059451445136357835564541820565609455192709322939082485154440865255543678569770
9896528396971770400160528156211153078421941311469208430939294234515837583618887123400678449175339595403746664662044325400329517
8261684885541466594581605303831216257932122772017718190045767780517645346911853652853978624682959833140344555022435113362676062
7591075563360347900183625940068873872381827943795851765368024187038497412028598183964746465300474453614206176090307713158346489
3374371123832409332000144159517441149498304308931146086397279524284139118811410468196667079250510555507523645907234786379143531
0501327353064942573752656984727083020738199901757943687656464477159443799349546909245912076525128236088399431523118269843367482
8613396151458427790408589367894556692924575676708650976493092298687011565830641071449135943255849354462437020422889320020232241
9743887743932345248629409670762729564753828800124861494449000192569258881214737190612239921652995520457700328791744959299446113
7181302058928852380763877100101757115044093853940723929209952955676211472249441292704903663335543383186649963257659728968301134
0388255348661563721653151594456333702528830265445870529546222473972548233646402200780627751622560467191291529956825231887562559
3526669851709736895997935055319638614407522325558293993145073133898821442020970359820377176459127571138998803488194418913023474
8960318055715147737928173496291103297340011637615159200331936657806625012838282253984371770704650788787874077528191805071976481
7124181681951361717176138891836878456339953961111533220751215226320942283255447821785246102801554680118941275936544271258524058
6005709566240667298294089625210827175355499791073268532752944587487068732200218887976443970173147332812756704491687536620579417
8523733324824779870890616722944885692254782796148238417811553337420218355790067774624307813310722411932853894530043351212104621
4208314480849782328920489549263981924145677154566910149000272410262683233827903445768177081248117495913152923052663893776265183
9942787773857699223811513925994334863462094677096830079955240744467436994912827703793978101340756041298804409547081408298801222
9436460738640015479585458718857778968516432654013043215917075749663128588920464616671554576564466134592276012302780087016944245
5682263919237157166619832653999221365676490237394196490562353201595416072759662040168607378605240879904649331264075658653944374
3188760460625654041085468641256306887215807672289682883500357801180231951265973876967365453175824452139544361480252271534860563
3489612971636788170285039991175495323686795856259626029428439316305263410995491370010061781397716962628385590075791887118786041
5311327330508694662530309261695611418858308192623059112240071130884198746415297821301302430358551661316850076909001762997643991
7081644935973288072050639441580584025029531691351232277986672643518925684337072256344249262810387549624475090299911463668556533
2269997305729536278296569991307939885225827949212711278683260974334694618965859001446604029046584493463719653785353337281283459
5669018591396191702482439366148219818778884802332484502882028894694251543216632761518648364549018220678109701293026473478656784
5216611642715035439533559692613121139357309471021194983124318134640525984115565217254793009252347891534891058775512107043759248
2075136627102497321632846769129196363043810766007725332614332304423370092169449259610020916402169233919813196199842388493441962
5246508710864902175515674209765293421695856922741891032048768583212886538286815573096956696932708558353574597425799726517739782
8036312671737074585001040104552777443725646270711497123342871845885341214930320018750607319709014145767035316932229927380726251
0928548556204438876091471205246192546298228533150898999146677973522875037893164503792472130409496157160476844265385841682474739
9233703771903675834839283547585483443926383504808637869079921199402511859863654798938168359018632590649252624952570683979540091
1817221547279336881324191918747916105439761395909101897519754743532665651720607836479601826466707285601138161807075561528644357
6507813758533570073431536118758351858756886547831285242021547001802317103965340085013359438004591048652288218222633904693766526
5939230267672950104631374960137514687520839197558900123956846637455545802654473302741665702939840951606373658402834814254928601
8899091999774572904211301414279903590789989799671058329810205159495566404297154849221520843334449344645035156970528552300030222
6795649886498390391442973828383660673784035290138239807079635557460618362207456840361649348840778636144683493328779008559160150
2312967328418841937893181097506584921132253955130661944022425054340098558673444397656011485902801524597729549862183491017801616
8364392130149044788968141245875416756772094094121947877022476352773253705820364822300001844264751712000950605882778006252697459
3173455702957684349309232875767407323242741753471239292204928826580888927330167241766284958168551480352850879501139241966892452
3677753858072439789438100033278254013052115660199724677408997086225534466921024361672151595117485386004966423349406051295735713
1033555069901179500855772626876468463729168610634688507726870943003645664213844575844814874933857419440136881531279514876328051
6902431911053955232595350941009434993084829394137562877137241909400659809326832785642273291709998822359902244140526746390924526
3598394230231172238038637497155035177663453584383356974229908339909881383831792443286626244348781344679035766390554002582686748
1986522033280153369322100953745103819643767567342601672718065640720320991063977205827436045236651592119137181084201370425284749
6005671239600468501156161076186950720461257574394357624099400895752471978287422522141370855745760936595412914180235254380961690
1248432656688783102677099988123915947205672369413239452092262942922895352363751338938332396260328925306803441684111264080959934
7043361968005295354938534781857472787124249512274641194624952254981027355960086055922235901916884500390183949326239914435749876
5900769760705257904732141569222453308536443186947518812790214535222294555869866712002026766787105689583023017833746154510155688
5602689240796761919744677404697558271913792067417789140292202440216539736230658588620970781000844620550456371994946471279052637
6983815257060123566373254198705908764725007305820906210985164414734561111049679088421536404461082246253221142258100082860407483
9787291977224975917546280204714841440857941451156318425600052380180319358748436390813045531423344721155836168161085909646309385
4242317405737007113338681399774018133792533519976132559943781717607228562711266632582303687475696334211416518106220430942562440
8001103370755032373531777436355301854609759653124445242732075706459884158212645376386153155459030396899392086527430085304137547
7061352207839212087427452963168038388774060848015551117972221521512460122751953993512403134647980990954916284061921026824432536
2639034110356917513777636397443311536328136804898636889890450733741495575783711662670202058347655591164148410498512181752116112
8649347704311634713230582416874077536749261618798919119607870454970552954421518115988625118329175121493449500857931770229652333
7998158841528743978260913418602919615786831528127648656825638874370061930628233997562266898051264651939263641927874506380487439
1169319905978231587648398211672101766334393172127691275996797499245406750863796639040056909542250284633880406494091612313210866
0317572128063301907416088057966656497607301508200217804677889135103287897506118599601843251561058377858126583470533794642274814
4690147674695890988264540020570125563698789420115878750835681272646540842126992805764557197985389253255527910197264650144295636
5798557941192958990661384529989091262630978788566879170732007097819131006336590152363030155153413704404260928053167322809868601
6850987001199817141644762090308087270676753863496477045191783385382914059759989907264265980509298271071343239640773196627310409
4389027546704283892663222266104915372633460042956234973983464977451929104395584092104280081159181521725125037452942372440981206
6675905477554320026243055974304148345728455542853879050278442548087322107774875373656985055242105650999387599625064478196226162
5421451962648003632206646262643905337837657920982111146977004270602922886008501562566012949545116457517171981566495094457953170
2653749527617823956383177123455781619052217065408026747322738616321944929384445431993242259268884094539560852964142946672208945
8593461023191475746268918563613277494098559522521079968069246435865433845367704112809898386514701303501214965468624316127309978
1864190494247307693037266993358200097794635502447995520938928657994547718890764619887745240985736437934807473704761456024575292
4959121097171972205063831718099245216438006228886790229146916547085014590026042332430672777678300137100806650898573540666242384
3655898393459642632004541036291612193425851747783279795401104056847304510228417238922574433467131806129145867390315264166063875
3665579208506648402815517926487551967245716952452342336509872884242496327353828450388024010049265610889985970803926589219237453
1676400095916770050334175293677803863116549153471866784271105726012628596876429530293900006500470621643237024986843048814960581
6303887230138382981362522022235864197895867379102358980372057655831897690287262572451017096062107356032913949946624176978299116
5005151176823509060156202781958197462286719252108370751542425598689093613819219880986961622340717811406826396835254749852492414
9810879199072089316354376552239141698257935918222963398002559226752773027118660428719265494441568442234264661966547139854597318
7873099218250455002270603753696336287379126088262705830929170584620542532170428705348694262962278699570554235741942919271113853
0853097378201921331418681617335834926523454159799372408812168044016229123296540289846574743942294543985242874224122532498334672
1490594866688679908867416614545427520723745911612132408696699789261886952468259502210832466240663473598353736119026236378375966
7870513434223037902717553793135590258545562641705185546860782749440609431080399391577848963291799745623426666134231053217546405
9446201870461219368892707181895875357863356844636097852807754420432074309846001997057609966109454410826649254380546761753175861
2761057480832813584246237846523502525922933474798627724801784019360724008460215340269094831023982649184534291701279975122991786
6747259709148196213568727070749193520741364779274424639307959421349714799461578583982498969579857164144199424813392167578660320
2903178417498559526330742642780679790900780361831699904848420604973586382034364851787093357442413598696765925470890327590522104
1850819839601928427102795504066478105300817488452603819717168073205087377109510653761519361878295067555599575161123548496116519
4527800014440544203257680309603709183834604758224679743597378438522340853371773245388147497516647805604078269186299047096706230
6498133304861002880698895980139890714606455707071690798907848409609045542981039802321508092873754941535671659985239738644320953
5988405032666743320254142929561597654494413403431947291535930103688912359712380841156852022207805099821357330225186728532082090
5547768444839618341918220237864475011631317876613320699268333350020360283617553420136149953194413589978795210753934389762807735
1597329107893662665482951708145282526843200385584016605115945831916977370397498490572333755725067314085934032787782477551454989
8425608912417288932359069001529317862434139520899814966998471303722622773872512411876898983545914085663888123444680470167948505
0434379133165396213883414761877309648582182115178764180968488658223225128338783723464562383576437566308911246233632408447704048
9663996367177301008227471941256368607999821009483324708241288407336982656214907935931597532047696000543001055538357367423684843
1080054249718909513852149584485289714580193379500564799748250805755830508642143351393106365614646908548224506838553676335276275
3599779694595660288226660287150289204263669082115248096828431008225170485272045909181946378454893228880239576553739907190878426
5885850036699891408378122906193395367309415591691241926759692588330412581784093438940668271882079466692153184239937668982303474
7878175454828248795271539884473981581982185106585811627218428403581816331240364769920118073711196193240357920319448764087086718
9383157433735677366088538314691739001878394272868474296524756761536638899101995873845026009993980779305151574599223381548532836
3668859832227797331952981131294963911962283005597571432352599223356213488863688452877543275627906341710804574808946808990599277
4561238331796792049632393877616772107198692076748218412457533127281687506143050581347703755397549089646358464889763941628738646
4287040673613995225940479030356811166110299081667864088662964809883579567473005653984288637714354335572597312336813053771357145
7067167172790181728147512916597493867072803164173683458648511730308061884633961295638170464699169569357249648229427546009552241
2411562579887913980455816507682929933659712945876292627871263596090842188654178242939374681016381916432972311121058175582055725
4171582020877122298082911042822107332503076877376941726903575210668249614607891518640837866322224789915987615341840992350582413
4400620040237405249285698955673350511161843009038833792839643496604322064832266848854377214512824709405806535993728236489108631
0795420398459113177519012283723869747981824916722015034363766243369266801152099213940570568038081676315926730528271844090048984
8736235449371678977947912073661875499227319547901313273871106645387069884378420956151320072268281471236296252518071417869812398
7190598905022008877003332225740349664805580192380729307470319849086922459614014566654582713365646665851557294353631593510036953
6381552204220558217529826167930690334372579521383903206328505035888174852614555542283456959315756641772011982607288085297853686
1349874783384878827773365548625629981523061054390679273761674753812182403462337719746346989770142792526923785272095298042279054
8890444037528702976987014556298735324481383261103576223990679497009263015064472090831542516594399577027449370238294863246623636
0336415324118608522678012840335823229090847361254516690870558705257294993006716462941193893800422308988102399798523789694443112
1923359529945753787122624465725573807149022119989195390997561541611804328914617110055244794800371476974622186846094996027068986
6556505900937451676724626863029277508817962303859724405355623034880805936586542708527460464895044273023827975806326940478307069
8592969583414428893231495897818982129258755657382413367672348099201190652878055544751096757376276397486791497622706985221853529
2908214067134856191896613437551307015999440525676444599333628882928075642102806483213033250837448355509306721853006604031173677
5140214739575524129341946985893116412008106149871779041808900801409064849278864166852383463573647719274024968463791254976359299
8847571119606652336355242986018768524604507411735194803338041421026584303361841828532589747052208612636774062068296366532983021
8655354613872561646045351810915955927958378666435016019460717328781560793954138282423423334855186987151419088975164710160358441
0049260799204162100696414303845623303274803491195157588921793903647526766706979672202295037308810197036167390246126788340972486
6425819895447745350399433314412535917516434906996482513931003678441923085763619185652238830813722611071936854791527455947241273
1522067822697883751451720158852174772439898925807262503934468921130385503850561421474472046621939053613032754307326343494446468
0373529669975958588899685583408106767873002561071952257411549791159364132364256139331134266337194556486549929770686277721381623
8699593258141567800940600698126100601323395696274203924322395263563919165964829715731584976772134953809087705318959395613991572
4912970610760196588068419702343479920035578132234944550622679160245214714573304402887577273891607583288099465093463035431694610
3905758432785910691737893861264914959634002377051354781210095863851654985098474884630562136246052330525659496807184083910344772
6004796506916845030772132724200525430268203485146341239363234592583508467825890468047631822102162429469995405739029446103026786
2936254882880449606977442748506803270167246097479977977827447584435796513203817330397221813580364844509174311882193765156654656
6587840516915974691152625347076034414185867253449830309514472874859872212804040804281552578684775759016088925401886242253588410
2136162082678649695650433358835719979490577896244051036608023014229544782516370023231616157535453095718156293168346470255374077
7531511647981041419067438947595659704304601529630424537788677553031920743289991068705064547597248153946867352942473723492529159
0056165493810107660174271077633956520600765977621759777545425851195592595759244720831020706108951012298629188421930844092200174
6642191140454110070088900972029229475358599582028206307088525106506003848087788102905904900131739063517620939825620312143365317
0312737363283798477941966380713988316123472457978241774897278441026567305606285826664686434652740990763564567342068867452842418
0562084816143782025599524978888894444210155619376771675521151554796594041637061218094181094152665322539245369886205219847245940
0029405789079825038952711651290857359659229927344229997950428696846444420150303484487905236128836752670607196713086924265912777
9562937968844743614454574043893713056224816312429825464738549426759328345347674841205841958347360767579803402491577142236137115
0533906692397009484027899629862953135204910641799594877569760336943034406380230261140675352675702660262675371335224685084951739
1782949915965578201764231201307179274400901440982114344774078855036237671988151622145580473895458193522528339933303018706591388
2624100076711766326191346479084275280944607050965314374143191066314104835834695035041295363869510686680641979042639548470149337
7092183008459177550878010123635992307868170928762105253223870251579666192277376903965022436031647547645865700232025464698571152
3958091554628717576397311569044621708700856680671753736603162545139430701751294444844592994780440200375396353670083705904818899
1158314027781793782715830446196630725174972102720930236759032571130842037840584037988906905557214975416804249578167992887315936
9206031432141826113994005343808438088835006886050009647865275969654889753018433197685269199002634601456210696285807629459472336
4978328489062061200804108082671938204870858983057488740461332416429168822452529945581949038775475758752323372301506063733079805
7738055653647518591404108351211994677622659177154884456890162864455435902069510745121823508583748140331565330826498449431014143
0674653178829590152076432119041481195951363053106794226287750227106636545367810520707295978843237959311321898828560534345440055
8038620990007430479290370430002421271720574168054663731040351369363896772189503927548376910184417619479114290519008175905383545
7118330213438952390733597389988833345665275766596109498963112726494459652684601428898616858980054673653547857404417055361966561
1587037091185968630608431240360245295772438686943763646925036642543820946055469856983284464996007864493360253900748905383563580
8745104358873817076497065734218673552778861792932465886098953358042048623712145278501699290745480384052380874247143800362538370
6251997645750683187872814541336341689788360883547457593458471177846675162375769376759272289262293759496680413378317765946726569
9307054144320271279835934039640502070988256340708987512314880763049398513262419383032058404111149286657762258132166819869740391
6208679111601546062938461491996426928719837110414091479969117767614499297075986816870114797028327349760763930021316392342344670
6195338739848107103644806413130142942032473433624064988762100818410644021199176248704887358790343589713845228788844183335779186
1206612776301905227273380391656909985775786692526546380296204581461396277505352115889617471623174433491331255641939009226704644
2188221413330256108594133828534885890151834345250541767462459786862391647167810214086311680548340646481922395107065550293841987
0422053725280997492804556037165046616311376881740818579026242231815216233417949738101116086586716392810175144442461269235250030
1446402688506317648015492449267953446562377233978895904366659114613140191253374875252211719488638375761957759777329556920444079
4742234209552120961058674900214350131325585573620862943651827639544267432934381233345762116672659741592229252195548093031985971
2686838533752676886446680927399440863720061868372851834815109578907201299828776117754439315722227995606329153759209194448678185
3375830903591078788002755338696975595441586005976260188707036346541857769978992173498220429575524475532930877665817876092460756
9351987353933462923395374235495972847763917223789357531623204700947268441087397398182190787387926517802157283116535834305980686
9492332135897364643664989358260446062172464533880475533980243165095186005367740562491795933632109829107385087893207785894397713
6433768862702582156901779207532027093153001807004150434114821705300991777142257598550961217676112326241485864463713890885328141
4370423630135664116118217486548726531069411489498186055038679029605744527511210064431632487827249384739496221986798075711280160
4424010886610887880437216748921409021429656729228727372446155715321241952848523185619209556774687672654909818027324033748491821
5647085557243826965464774431484515106691575517669395491646712200606275072075247550415886971532904779039992053369051837694948246
4648536696394853995288135284563546131345084094639405448329957974626886591260968153163248670156108903690012016896947562864068947
9335817025706673645248672808655206936988229988506868855512246059364735571373658692183981236508753893624162179393300884572562525
8454550045708811850843967602772364889207411447386933113146884803720821905371224276398839301167373376393299604166530531671536817
9469613971479940226446065344175803391558840869442680476409858979317446638566865770776832153252927434674599753345041690804354354
6652209314699751202444785726308628207785053079762876873537555813669271605409315256570040001991644970781331622466129179499281915
1961444894849498696928429106294385830964606511500699941607840002024216695044414216800293243595307021832292431154543081449089313
1962091622249577961316459709116638715944104552499484128514903058588880092425282180366103208523455810521574844650965568635887113
4368421159409460609897114428104781398719260897374658539676968461604386468189383954460163078825080336107872167576349496495408685
9649536539795842583228826048018046721092374785553431643665884938389496673231436870435149786802809160883735413992798925929876704
5235671264707293479931013726706891341489539237837731840177933783526465474894432047982015526419973235553573918270319559547403086
4039735888376366609018757028506161014783678583356813250677778613982578318008203758267120384291005999279443777316382864592311739
1217739163779382661260606469702245656794710548611797988738048091846590739807732824364552075368990683393959928284317293320069867
4916615035875154768600732328677330949063202236875210951540534956404960395079564144372822026855682749788976197007630147709880516
6877745432713411450666647170018266444463633969867263093231179811756276204043142296040101066040921365338143870829243201412736978
5181332217031028793650384590762724542630876907198977592730043310368021901782721530053394250577461993296684728562642042745578204
8059743569954838104598948856222744875810352375978155248926213114786009876969666524615446586588275065587752809296977777941299366
4960623850950107986976011274245247425368704858396317272530283837294761704449561833295704741998045363670811422098828233894939307
3391941685834457637274247913999521308752675840541536848418544996656831007389255133631777457133457716285009673478699826403200309
4519130151833287959851246691876615538787874185186936205145712978930546123861640155395430711723899715676633532061887829247109590
1676546877970973940392277995447472865522499015178996256227821980732651914936762181112328377073844485649563827098289006561421904
4935465846415256812459944886042442740776629289289624483798607070666905637221701286036356829140962976615020452048228461943046845
5324252244416512745242538847575585469682159371913734134263569496276780441518422322618507872746192259540742513974372774167973337
4061947105362693262133270759088934938816594942342421443896871674922874493598103930292152723174036554995062078161445343075609331
2764956618470182052214734830103729160245043907968784028181813618886443201986039333396356809943270121754709713915646568740151206
3370863211220134665256513439944166456784396566762502427753466744044215577692010267595936563128872570057590311781066772952724628
1434093271982951335221748052776429614044261679575670437872151960576974124250079774604982905427771724749469647670243244251475834
1955236107353798168181042526280355939682930522521300010742221556820749544725933966041624888393993154502962490618839145486969576
6290416028546495661266540757687391083370341491184427521635724821327522535027514382783824919995740288516481937621675853899158115
1271233716574270260984632585239413670925887252984501086126979534236923438493445631129740540692858583194337904806381657298903618
3300535021488010384891010505876121956740827701335944021678777354223576529240510607458801670448052514469687591418109583216371899
3485417441989301906542262637698405742722722240100485896839477201597733807155335120248775000837222824525999750714790729423644465
3411348746879651113262757268624543364109755847832677598538228869268434533167862688737780726486206863057323257234642767012961381
2165814758833781311422742619981746792464126525574786109619341095871177233773859607236931880493129178559812250332066463408514532
7726034975123054527871123751165334996022991283473243555448093241244802428165706217812562663617393968824053366244173854470750856
6095264928940472527983481330401867205683258753243162756860090551147348417813873221392674935402798968661528287131244490650915944
4846998428123345187768488062434480479219313046695253889842680691405315693254169660178067961065703759896641710892485894972873800
1685615608144031413476448920807056587474093195656920132969415782126007882727463216577625078022336565533036012495150175153154793
3655761747568001155088833871531145294046756206587264284578974630056937095900549928662096625015556765632408742933996850251895951
0111954704076325038375601656210245491836721039674987643056715722213989286056097567862156918863302428121309646750177612394901330
8415584072851574023474900634488379027144152280913594573298990276864512420566377677406310761330579752357658832083046689763512425
5360991991088493887837058948075647761797269956784924198250160336333432026534756149206974204145691725795668303825556473066440146
6308534942697410882776557732300657800112150355078878291669302663342797528117730903433654703116183867380240849386640798032108726
1472159005438778436757327262797064431019220263757862409221343714482887707767271424863105342534371712556647665588514796238299461
7911386503568215258552458522450938485043355503569972624134133652411157539448177529209200030556438822689089819514432813580599189
2365679543813190286281972504483805742897733392239676734466218958339246807222637911353738424980809257547217933600526785327528737
8206666715147505843269892459203855284050942439891047557154055608815102510800979065603928242478158845237310517156379667384978425
8564365639950704666389094627317673103441553979461958229265682055180735168285879029143428791049454750378104825426147990982959332
4829102499976584107337249497306375535937865662615510579219221293219668812136853030161705938471830225621587949094705819774556069
5123783679768692703321434015951275136482214434898378095577232958805557078721200098045359198446613744587543829867662788092598136
6929950567989350660377223378484336709625123004431484409297585830087971734242391343301362221372782329683381841402343240854937627
3027430314645534840941417243615965839776590781088050407903488696621208213787375420065466391992905505392720776395628578270203968
5561557545896908531566696290176040220677116087315281719465429326728445015278079287297460019260738872427151255654689514071849986
1828538379287013993210377215462458395873947138158932974395044262987261065763556796656318930386507150893214229366028840942649836
2063121041445493166725834460800448260568700963104181570946402318291105228818528098805135391601388005156357001178185451101272800
3370800872347836800855502143109732296211615709327616533336180819117537969874343031967516246129400847851680499950308763513532698
2261251707986576560067694894090522658489287994163408241552992222074332750687259975120713193581210288235466997453538082950570613
5547333609592722700682015971929817349283991994515812388316385424977175852402318951978198762120074865379726347089860459367729850
0402544338102912384265553136946539662518389179790301064640333604344279296879018653656722109731114774692564467347146643170192535
8993673525857276993127971955065805434826324155448624528360859774191561165506877746667502530039089420897916681025323026574636061
3901599392791219781553830625484740571991825540511807354859441733493239937466053566374517381465227962291796387571020809725382544
7574422026948740113868646418886560822423385797395522913481336942061412395775696211559412859927044430059903817069457531153931671
3666927872751409403909634814246127285265889024700225210198280286825210509773750861772507551910169158603017385059974490577083038
6432266277247351230987806521470687675699096976848067098507903096237956371518053276015484587153777797643144785970196659271124201
8805175031746648720776866745620376390338985825396413633102505797368825729966186841638401277578013322523402620704692665720430906
8623786671348700175861755678175427019767971457395145977447813890266721740858466375677681653108760786751356531141090929913781526
3195648380237469630693855838585465684458789117617495694729011729035913248141836338293691788762707190185659273515849140203833275
0597402941284234251455344083137079916499435796408338558567042346638713911874856299057564768580158647502818908352952487514100356
0970868650564875484386825809898953941148685658470222784359891344183429634142985332602653810091182805015332286021467238333362385
4744217325804259157671625823323830396696824326946849733799160663706608011805733632306227156863544912264884279245494044730337851
0084125575216079610672037870038502647338343776533232876650551512543864312081271558094734273891229896844012952524148474639077490
3953838752044271045872553760612072547541462596253868540540395181295139378941954659771594736894686221229277026890071243182491089
1570455075037097901528554345355410026197839647129067342374536771901052967778273115724862482455356615889491970844930623438114267
1113425143150646440502818701009316634243943336310155606852136330886016200376990719743484314150050963993583980070237708157561869
2850497678307680310432965409960545878246397108725852340253836659713228648432015357639072103145170515437738478376685162370275788
3326664187179079200022042294919767104163644624649594061308737509813605056856101998334843842071022724849290393928923994480353310
5498899160503467457596940573659595416916940383633806231810327042150722695852999362605105557507669885448657908253818192962915295
7340742801283937313388827545354690848045358633204829321755059875964474925792234042792682433581007092726558257928146358188938017
3788737611929951605093399738060446796551970972956586328702617346062935531918635358396384018139217900704517134300111877098173771
6556088236400468643295262663772005261144129747959817416429151644418457406109514416151746327186627985567345268051259611187659664
9265455725916581745797982714801820234080260053210177213938914050671185571980281286595729366143889579286214314682943150406601728
0316466611292764222191535471075816173597528297677167091929792260801201488249926367457821134968651224754973624583045814966898991
7240870813182642979734405654373311183972717838426383954790596720674570866884378092938010438980361304392635321123093916926377699
1098769261784660364965755629864526449156402293650490776352458745073647855811975287018649518441512140869999035534937655163547223
7318570673563180482204840468935262794048795191854962451038993504158655689641517360974735911839513301305317748540458018312631163
0444738341332226086089060414609016104084271113844087095538006211914540457624942221411569773470678982159365460154412977671269730
7214452687225977763650799051005862709711542484791447215218763058978813997928801482608042879518784727437915756166238817248827266
6180378877242192988083619217841832407955378736448569454941330027911152317402955093457538120111385592095583433817050629741079340
5629107620334905196700840557766414405147144002648539402508824797133924214385476958587576623195377053042403089302692454844253984
3318554062977863170044352262420619308431178765567333623647941692615442475752129139395428889369180754179899164103774056228855177
1724684496632837895268448877487345538070342201067523252247951553639414362390924781555578381060846820725528271757795755177666280
3668536899528123873671104403554809934477255454000919778770432207141030247047304569687086172422809626838419879927821205317757198
4281376208790055629568334266876725167967493231201019877577819781783383068774238210201096426961674885308966481435486534817275888
7577712459257967273487604669410934219901389126865013214764147583539515778668315529487762810385482472159142915583111160208903283
2092476036780853093515438486821087167147843243339127524062892009959789660882873649427006559335981769826686296878365166850602867
3343172251567689761041900651298644580155321777412234282871319882978374041565615637937824367712999898962026386244164131814440583
2523107617535787966332348997625949033914601433430397210697903069041012073594953603672415272693571514416319482962732360550203007
2354311337820780136418582226046355285087018441007811818178174630131348892691010862349686382003869512529793089372921566890105315
1170999065500729991421364651545352790769082161371433138736113416719659099975772914182032395782369105406892855739430280792570755
1474708015575641879072739292610329996968899496702225715923818519908679748009454327877467225863186123383312506444593821059541320
2519230317068471671990663024614062738285094805102560284217361596105049865919692357067522503590280759438003713619649669926160819
8477593117311192072667283113407927363527106554972169624278711433088640030184820529565097341512033077210672824164404101920707697
5928625658638382607550288328629457639763193426953494665267869864411489469568811023649446369996193687172148618677078694284120641
1646459774821145583534736023501469753322215654392655710781868598002276354678420510784519315703507997622744075405271188494799548
5604976454282399594837769165955324714117059445288436250408738807427315530171196984735484375626981702836635871509821590209332491
1535805646302302016352504827863133089568000814854822798689081283591430708834238105002833054643250911507660006657799194089124227
5554971708100609197716368094861383459498089313293558900360605415466184945588159656825590482066432370186681671169454435798038380
3849073431364569441656271420494005561747519609440641325324675204133825604638188550112139476449622000662627992498117594394096623
4191048491581987672722516757004987334900086209495744999112552193520096404679809481469054957100693375905822779214877756331765654
3967826927260531495518865955487463010124395050606347758705435971911583515293152693887305102817702226005465633434328368776552721
0431488077940753541035965504802229919911746684489825460131664577839381215244988219702491643455403072485117531612606199932108314
9410075360076281631174487118204030545727872004911310355915647215932318325233997786962419782803117783722823043531791703707719546
9979899286512850189031098302495325193753351855488331350658951722090011555997930787556662797780665452620638874492236108755984250
0652520709290586245394513350104966676213533639227604453023649959625928591554435452582297988094318689720723128469217871904823318
5154138924950867908591044177967760020371009497593629645137446770819235001454567589699623753759581616298742234368099793781827967
3473470305718567484348272233839660441345062709145235638650446308235096448960992127705010353860654270452060145032963280540290644
0926811026419214969150491345419181845874142492157134486078145329290631845342202476471135442659122079092431512088292118497802805
9354612782399796245605885928858715130206027789349453872862552261402417530015360315458931199778666063128483794096976323329377872
9050549362931470711847062862659110650055274307045585443522892077774880073956334195774718662309192081402741882514069042809280212
3388599022582995822369209018970901943500870352576118339149315315976479926966165136544818295802570738444044829469770910136539354
6564372944547448237407512632251508379320872549342100765184348768929229061655816110427490635344170087149155652249787176557737086
9304726910793034348084164624446844756267779275838929154374342302538079381563499255177774157465080422281305646532991405754916981
5079495135477953063596578815549589683659295982170939553637877137130071575921564130005951724009912627770427858856970687414583660
6190459320672966822341653503087470382689354052580606552329874275327388332913948910878502521194902477705810238260537165258752153
1741863988657791139389205030367955495311579034712194218460880036525975053623461402320730996642095747448443229185546281279794016
4885628580837209961221029576497258511104739050257941549091025711288015307691459924906488083252587010968968824529177652581775801
0763397108119317156892696282929270919177456927168774057189218655020688126030914415663313590555442617356391166888501048989509961
5152773773826793584772678203560374056030587370542989568481592013810907285435722199937156448541686535030998055918516459522290076
1305239048493423602262076973364789510528152271858803400583562336066393859447415629511735131940444974630579121650398527184965704
6991327733592729480669828930382613428226140528036104065114673331048967012900401318314500711300298883332334369070527930012816139
3452427216705740390119289172699570798671134046758624232397496740015824965414235594660630239994200610360038450127723765597890208
5175730522105055786800808015853823181610779386663930878893825884556056314059074930365519187914921351319328315180621551748091601
5714910102916106131414571159732353736678835156815504392107562506650484480968671954066774178137781734638792008562430877641109527
5369362810620715036409904025968522864824364325482506902964133711312038294053559282742499233287959154156854383883148516152426070
0230923585180985083743915234845529953134912525464096240500757424789301872897111680226897303301395426146920411464973830228585960
2828878183082532630135919486366960583430058092282156338048743819662184574743797715878229822611358535700802659064501248149009579
8877808967697355352896283886616902601338873980280498803907441157295597934158728665206373488691687917104704283343745205639622462
3315755549989540644308207351384163575736340700335343877848915517455194885659684732058284726257857232622941934453881121004726782
3002928241602670019659934407449689182082678896433504272332382719662522606641231869982252041696766531509399818750721950486163498
7932472000788041651204426873094409270765907861252426634561030946897515784875744395710037381070458145660220907030271894709835605
0606375828713960156150750275120802286593052131450659403286977242629895839703700510410871815684746087294738637398861554742127265
0927164114710800842124744207418934599056137681039495980981311410777428870205405129624149605463522859752503128770836084491952252
2931015631747347657009129018143774038849625686108045440606651923845534431071983109500879593401459457270781303275371634919948465
0387570468949867854454498257661547651091256802128345749601432500529628510635061338338862610989893855279059054348321900538486115
8602609964344200881430293688135456245345432239342905412584133371544661893209862399991442865006457440325878578391699643241518820
0476780634258919055579958686158323045730786320160920071950074973087521728400869220442510810405620758553467843454120670874658001
4611389884432116865691971525430161735365815156176932740053507703667082841676421694566703484160697073157865364859324160407900243
7848340394578239725877088114075619051748487906575872632940285638137907126466280399912812673908953355586620975122613901023009092
9989300098497815617534003740634757576144040056489564419015441642507944260710401355749819839918602861170379515547533183230261689
2978159531889967729748526061427217809996789425967856884930963977509421860822261926488518659963801830737928324899351448743506636
7739373703546853709971163541284486539624807396328266253157406157316793793115843617866707276779926556010088380028395990807722966
5262595518780890084621315703653759393744008415536932695809891522083236025326969192829600448033930003810949789949558452866508165
6709958307107045609075677759152351429582355756238261042407300818561928024091909129169346687529817528488405441096301840942497835
7939846806218683995681953891663100594898796616302246789629809345268814966245162531052163166438108697094692065750286916247302592
6376737923232528630569024819762238692074089057479592609265302063789788269041103846131589957468529143458603367428237467202691677
1164704135075482622437354706246898083995113224930951841406301203169957259318901636559771075096487643893444519082342460614778341
7571486167299822050740707597065176588093664070641995447134130614103674235649546121137008292829783010870775335672457433796269838
0786000364088666248224822824647357946129181563136369891309362023665749511277214956791187825832905762312557124459238096857752088
0224756578418586950260891776975306306690545499717256072289157907934175802791666439540405671709869057148319796761025632922961188
4317800666800783644393485986576298736917563650897164304571720738720115271226750820847348337143207594067034889090129746637573061
4992035733871695023603260755794332051946719932307664611429871720394241080075351265170984927835215008078524349098428854934511014
7791275210894880460866040577708447085440157107534047266197077167838868317086743808903866856598023308194718747427381845326367182
9440053603247145332820937897067937394376812799936768352012215925676355028026697201409962671443788824047418146714929473243964178
4694097429621088759426437344831944205038778311615485599880533035443309753228841592516038076111818420993913946554412796041546011
0591550477943256220239415601324460355602248522402154416815822080226505160015237485088369250676462054718340071691237191715854643
3754782628510988470286589139121850755775569961153502324797466418949716647077195388880488321524207926209705534645689175931304390
4293579894293631845176289384983754244067774813502510037057302019611329180738850594681778906215406264239719011424001198377631320
9407877792875650325539404181214900230679005444970369243950847777718535539213759142124477926938032002586130641694624396314012506
2378295522687601357905408069624354294555654221781438340067666919648970200524898545019520189688682193849864964964428853699551465
7923565501350073769051751525297874085786148453411032926127268603914648170142127584914619282268063761170983684501064629044484389
9840829700300902841805899697228329095218443610475399628627070805326825976451593789370050027841655892248443960659103428515769018
7131899325280315528312838930296738263099442057104969325259438333829573217299432626262718217616786664813337230788868035555543551
1613365891642882106953566519548821305418260262459032678151796367238313756913498686906585565640299870573937524634136703149075431
9289249177275626622021358990349141206245802827466686634188302681734388914438573274476670571970132658340810522019108097685976679
1999547679043388007539431538024419806104005321474063902499212939182657952169737390109212206767202350076020372910741798343053860
0796380798378956338026387089364560910203624767639137927998294096484424294854533260048523991232484163916572752125119143647479084
3312139471300109845789877486922941094495320192955690413961709171195278169767812527830359720778178037462244636938901054061989359
6446495700380140348116004473224522745585963020017740642418321329101387653563805874445580561212083040164396327873544239022001568
8221316129071405562026280838341093594207054207388991782744751735089766826502781865742057843922709134454840546015717044077633360
8884079984504038495190808918953678045353356097676798230492279289061735280457857280913457619377057884683523850527395740839623992
7553178237304616708890828475106185796221210507905405468874982714460646413397054645663825587287675092464040250385703334315092608
4773590965589763472535194103574470410955536365729704648777555516672917330870335268784268577673152078292448804242825553568245947
6215819528050303270969774851839361036143312160025453398613079612450766506304878967542263517886001609950018287965333798559597461
2170641880151969257726247627112079520687196427192459411452224132231427774555020194976266757454256306589376845325708061001674166
0808706168526831621497924679232450195651965661724083005213398910330404632324992737223126731122399064939390308377239660504899222
3551818900906904056676616710573047283299775444456072812898768689067250392820375890588789819477340760813736549269624861064751893
0906163675906901070688176210778473069828249578452605511950224714556564390138087101450788624170738723043479291100038259738176381
8078282667536765535434830984808011662048300628237758542292327990288591220497965448597597894673766538440553768610799486540893085
4239348796188542060619155351521608241401936444825596707153268722768490308653700045149495791462321531911996176024726025953987339
4599085925561530429435581768120454911625188723603840101001827808010649207159239374191781479981311865586606666121770067310616172
7104627786436327756821840719455701887978236563257187943017156401785911149438142292942970899875188032869983742209547431350943402
3524068403178617373975067637980111980036408360680020858787573852832862969725456560160112278450433733839443039332972392923338691
7361417128175114993261450629674608141894725708171510038678649037487846100911817687890240766440318417379790915067480509929873884
4192563045095005960884279637612799513276543500165975164906153877957210268650229031342852943158004290795716146485254485943610979
5527495850605424448537975358841328894172810067249914112763981461492106207569150714303562508512966364997576085520454249415595925
7749567920199753428291369733514893066123672937987655345561072264405494064545300253825630928142777746597418333809686090132329222
2347190729828800374979423249344630750463633445579902195914226451238506679798785890126552693482294276302768079721653123608475225
0152265832264604743532240505688517479981918489770686750786602858928368893549157302414453807821089110756269039234757397043529808
6533482130565176488100655388961819118126865617901005108218775489706817843329452026358354168685608881349897826461107138466301657
1298673036456454794414764858082769061588499493558362877721489608505337579335664200621558841720543957496547716133300368539580407
6422724558120550176442233652100893764139597343252110471726917934375351595018103999311490022927771281873120822851829841201522060
8271532119297676915199374389042651216528118441258413260870365096855873207948565556782103615860771982841168346920959540519710060
6184875439923588759440136066343058630113336838104030510817176224460276957688775424874821399346650313045479118572616668489003296
2897490483936533080760701381789308980122333755911815060695347160990990030052801534871717538234667743972256918252210649169228903
3655303333861985799802708736697214310308014845445976122762735834979387407451810326226050509201808567673064245381176975037733147
9657194682720093768010430501297373816646166065617291768151706574173498067197264972548166688571305758669319121229890115185819057
3103510865220902456203344829140970552995511866958564974902239021728149583173073409170941518663482580344763138822732758130711321
2350688930344799523350604942490602629624759567547933020887009924743050812335493964555189623547661668513628841842940808414417517
7886476590659571641831046458439879022628434419829165109717986460127979081642839919400368933401267954441646768446103515126565637
1110171943300926097143589488105661141081024879644220948038639183302967863702059520939356184545779690411373217502283638534283105
6427345179711846867068806487631152636131101160079927489950186169690439565446479010213897921064107507425078506360801250554414400
9449471539328516576998441231176991412965843783160858329264144663894049487064693073174535162944480509103362252131259963289347661
6448977729584408680822098278848838996541448014927561863895692613238880261580223887644439627676547583170203035028358611234118545
5113424393568423046116537671317616837784363459294529414397028767453793820041115557136079295159075170242753593066820395440768961
0357417280340583283641050541304196888459267811242609025317032935293813444330705702581551660482757892548218860632259447912758396
8759325176891928932295819377731294216097307260061594553902071464538665097894582707057397147529275324299057601238957576630914051
7741473646777114825234899359211272805439289189063644808522711602498268477174042815308766568204260129647306647359885729554656976
9309329125552267123498982148765832181281490321112798033562587148057414223743472931562572470841497241968346307379573830843375864
5689803719011022683494640589564528393539106647783122400405858218032186185463041208001667912281578057825422723357469418158669943
4135592927602852287576618966571253116928765233133651892018881037343848794704599894714843595981667962009408311650894622157342917
4255899203623494824224271003677968232634091967503097880844441755720576147137952557139636719564772738964156856519335241825543143
3626415788714735175257556917344733999894086186508542273673131627361802049868502277018604195271807930087879067221107134172074310
7958546281467926023449343568661101832138815620051349600621939712639392675220715111033777811540451328852498746778968470255323001
5507407940398075053567751242109569783310327198481187906287038704370431459121242392319816826310134418784694594320070284603132253
8500952612124145512973435903996934578404485074378319984371754538530064680891506823775364453662506914230333187130946894042814136
0265665148790173017555028894292865406694173385138855281737615651927882128657965562089006870021634293021436977249028055567123606
5915024874219893422458723773331806018064564044582475437209765195603359789772265483078502778595048000442697079452809908661825491
9974005988977051807595272626225779862046223804794634926553502843630881070875123298869912614128545778960915871587536819171698115
4134066090737503736509722416899089791584075227377094759873530554067748069082533106208531237181423743510501202120010884006504203
2130661127717575197825945847274376219456565491166146558949366985214290031939401399735403160414646904595040915898139346351713694
6324612167251656207707087624536097155449639896731425226748776831598133504224173609907231060039276944120772510687900080346884581
6779168745096711200457711019042996058420593520557512225066879514823155886446534991145884583182566717602534510076749929656585763
2645365584973687585388329644555202088022989110607367050144776537693714417352526613252012599647340542087230486009799844093446266
3564846704113295525583758182164662009216216712683832484187612989237709031101278092921642250525269665257513687371728284688457875
4269555170494408895577906466689197972679804550565920918614809933468304708581306933698168463484178291731316450813136298166976686
7026547610376955852909877173580002842485362728362791349023862313373489864426541187364755041770087263084268647054320360965911322
5647079585282992247752748756022346611926842984561046976951468976647765336240687959117772104657541464074764281634923169020133548
6986017692163536989579104384975828200486159266813636401205178471888697579916647226641294586286142850042407781409124499578432265
7557633520998487338874304841131912835862129914096167258884138035045133191763280844957441725806050932560746430226219247549692154
2059549946818227720943211781526111003981250924876459433602235222747377311088585283118957625555745513105052583294040713888376552
6312790236548842295363447664682859100743206688687480099078223631017589800121679494388116457487107923554186562511797306252062729
9341961249268388400507893558690543848588537117611908256806356375473026278316829039260672100995233732139958201591529357001905122
7622440629036046952745648171252074362090378664664601861125598525510174413032785951294400218362705244805632366004605852186841943
5591402799903315324575404129541681549710964981665090508369906992078809669693743879553048600144250375936726479837822625004211533
0078063724382242661885925388201522364426479724179540766386042648425409841158873221737967588237291116048440934261723138640261227
7668975572438016377259095768317171394189060199749631603972553612209575383312005377253743770387375624576792404785414546299669225
6702311775340274741303788836209727482858012234498189667215083952930215080983474097496335600683835003845218991908331419228161974
5844861014709438146848025778890120727743982063500046236695299463240688553674143271469625051120980545361183599015488717404464199
1417923931690244544999340897859985367002505948231379127672256195312588278402509195472407043750082438215262579893876014989408706
0852865918577980935645894147403286685964996381094297648429648506192278067863183038777421574419694387317777907505729693297708412
1477876485508630104652801640230580883493634454785840756974806839665717736338880683347432665781835143575902380330089255654038083
1333574195103318490380293307280457872559202823396902837942959887393577658742570521479101307298105809134466724699237489092865507
8231986011655928132234768712876079867027010505901813055232448036254614645338353115984374755578779894249199293331904818734171378
5291198257745669262198453729172996916240029288161181812810389503650167962679364773038871747909175248874112616641407342566234542
9827656930274121781454100476261391707245667711266140909114058056141317855910068833712824192869630959336254369672357008292856548
5323877306540282063144065009953089367459505720096157841731259977506672262970125862602619551379971955654409939177527714243403057
3533286954907536500237907021493132000340867715658050587581466366920687545465498963798769329374590369604149184427380755601882748
2772451245387121398103687673837186367345979531432828052838695364605611707914643359500610696276887453665009271796449018655863587
0698238146791660163022661497107232088142858713995181413650802098858185207125972232613318849001183174321522406825869523281989408
8598554632732565974534400037249824032956321514858885348539735224820260572526802963756049116642833599682551125312131721936464816
8777244479719589766354029439548567013317807112981262942768196141952117452742612964786718669561362298781178596889656657857438059
5923903176580798552139931019374192553986137461354795191944498128759243022494357593594711086051327159717361960027267213667050902
7713620888965717050672864796196500874403820011858648932283473719914877636081597753296264071668416201048071423687724652867885227
1226026168424754948160701743250583052114587429759744035821120491264623002950973529144113414105707200986835221503669020815368719
4301615723202468195623453039744894794833018107887889921748034816356630393443669846540007477652862272296203141137911353369865567
3701305132741529846291547614776780687562767296077648285050793745319685122361946265802267010089656480989090754766793951985030256
8873911333836369977427224870430320356503521006657767633627578973429639446804587551411591770027775298708856911679457385890346605
1569544828599021231532143176442191013631066377985711192575263159095165119051577468547654466026788861257476052155683756383480477
1570683253965182842006010673097287497172850525327662453055182206979693937570550092128731857505346441332074707878996538911947435
7826422261424373910786428920393564290525228206911026303685173218951588837324122530045948404629473803092607834231045937648966971
2638900097751822798368796230240210897707934867384226561665436456581464223307579261127638844885560109562036790807667670390644417
4192581432555251427389363044896326951734847648428400345150360499669512737809145524003991223977279428592712065139442479960445332
3942282183806384991949767715266661401310060486291440972343510267352817495541237489262806877081824812836064827724828303648923419
9223072015234086234796090436383818568296143232241955872923081786551697504279591818923391084950971313678554302938168053766302337
5040295146817500973605556893314901715843407186937767008367308307925199801486021624397893053770707845409279496052311813731054362
1647014082822566848815080638989025226353949427396868720941862068805915405636344175116957293867502515550210403185422186297987101
2299194118400856813156210708210682041625725297454205612569506042325388570654000072012600316753710747599029554756191357595113351
9406123252615695607363852828573549803486496914881699175306276755265739836369938313041363024110056929623864023133434302918217876
4012400092952627260881136088985623398889677549475347950880378929158923209470729028820934081657587476645444580153423943137551662
7552074556799764537114289715930906335072549730926411552458159805302034148895295264056331531618830126090300007948842259905560480
2034810936658458335936482208711459668407533754842615732173788255099444966005654249703291665433879743623245887203502319367176453
2055826854912228554738248289886125490164761646368783638608966701408500405439745351176591154838568604792386814062201460103196028
1704883259604470302949798965476058273811653448846315941108597287428362004683627667421915628743842382745845960365444382205614441
8276093407998769926806805283999661528492618490261728950220171409852969042576745011296912080496971648424710213822281461166346433
7954055459730823465679899905176049956104235683646988019468094197473567154076726095028250041409673376986848760985312614035795365
3541288526820871183022785627606776202868249144458419432875958263707872906136295450220559956136362126175679096582857639739948725
4938942457166622758688764402917253914836669353169972138509951712963418233559611193066044779423979184123891151058275415387004481
0186693532983400032989768484986211599974215771878040648121115240600011282719832395142348174280309789242173034859607865458058836
9693011226500711160574222437812022981161460007590617976243921827767353835606291414448435195278815539213466555449489307049996549
9509118537609881549110785870137427018215479109414974529881125038407426313589072435487055670013225428915901526956102119247020213
7469585110154725916486236087220807528982687428584047123899577899339622871539124688449741918490207266633825962457784296958609358
2301098947514645707894405697878233655395086728296961354861714139621104988822145498752087551938260818588440041204929785479253335
7195002791628422640170129886701270065601981205842819128758172220230767271007555891989535523140754390046908600193906165109046248
2903714800754690075212414752414239844419261581404644710369810146988392192489474219249291646325601976712417376991598429990116224
6657841194866308789835186691755481781807363317310203480516610021219245717136441915610841540149737012207330154276656421683007775
6496393167312732418345038041143115847682160487308598451735321809667649213873941020106124895016322422646066096706495173559340273
6190352286444996698010567042083025249630998980474746852300834243586692391358290885793710964591096599205367697354040455225748995
3808084112830212575642888231806203048547309288414193348028410780142000603799742289999737003393558049032105240979729430950416734
2055001806906934446231057752350125761310442613239626005937018173389749155377417284662314193484961591256165582045826903566815287
1770910475516651085946142895420353886980271498962773028208448011256576219469415630937607816862320717646276543446021775437024856
7317728070174544541281155663261784538153312462326658626789839195595942323601274570763560759947639040733318592217361764664122267
5163497922629734181478583586735139172337995385407882365183581289857390438660661367597010604158349602523776584737697559311077546
1232290524053006728473192557288773310853272463002083064021874545276391652038777534156787659533007696087737660972241935746823998
4820797373925070252089423136204599368358477176708061478789645953897583587905165644362770501568086914083487441612509546270070041
2710844937068669762717114936914428075765570984673461573362652998653398467217253506007120061287151708786386990808903587499291676
1722239692416177387037629004556867021409013954231954955946248469232703827805268278720272112690685704443311442687874485358911812
0696442461522918873003473056316397138103158503920758588244927506442635208935867088943853508413143951321019830428306333251201396
5237490053651269730925587281174140512120043151663340911938612562084343250088788816613613533254540244890538135550921235569055235
3652159735685467737870844804342436795620955533935479356452033442056822975104591188103222254197338188275216408256009062112739968
7134994798879023357613115067249723046493042657115745023241318111461450746096281739377465898982050597074346498759749836646750845
5435539953004427145646816313257688146440880667736243466005411373421754461366941715230523658976477672479751504847483760926576034
1189232066364746161715297654667683387924489405288055983423309925216635045159783671997425077719999713937624968743960815866938439
3458042402161473455431554634378956977066496820341904422146434258908727947177474383440746332129391825690966243498723403254667650
8583588769346353411734495459871858141713721510897174001175951449320360912321580651780695549218819369972998610310409490019288172
9334204527475060600189111850610268775609506754404225935699578359127242186303638934810994186504201384645847184324944047027889017
9180203944559928543575350648779851174917364441299737433952437533215087774057147807226819191868491441590442039396662591808502513
2164065534579878437699757090955883471447031879403082053258427608568820018565147466627486801491876503507730663614122066321703246
1913587358432681308736116815399127159387589682764288441702400713256228014611237877207779478537639968530764623959147519370506561
6235255735630858442517033591935698933960554844760005512206225607812740106611830794710056776637176558829867814913080368920324943
5410646760661322485781048142156629014814968811323925705022272475371023640394527122828545405831491808608741154836760565505004928
2033787078461763925201661733809116559798197426225447373091087213252755823492809148960852025727421510534412088471340160144342242
4053406317407103820908867515275579307068390637321468991384194322089645112923727349244540751951979469134053290718220589958599078
3285805403257089050405641613610899794397383496324785340103859171172319440876039603408630922409574370487373867533449326075083340
2983815868763252323303322070522064853273357744420576029234853609842229699640881843769482230526051119476446187157115583149336835
2361402646872012433986880843871560611945683230864891757700569780134284216871106221826645632387373922861192629580123373279881156
3429998671996373176825887742582100895464377776504251588052739302345778540285554961799280437565093922440989079226166655301999596
0886198944491737540229136497483278400920360475905860689648388002698383026711966163612310598810941558644533048630182341670726792
3224790998309426141510868353814679975103849323867287287851298934668662832191399524482143116612939771691776186144211021701423317
4793327096193585617231688937441621332297850907599875602232326960040073326201864681000919760060752937975322888247984232424151851
0809471069558103959275275538388584472907830398322459954494433179596574461777867507710018713571052848608078849868820600263934936
8295056327643509778568235977901421687599218957335038414287972297917509776356464814745628543893936365866982215021206066423916526
0069175389099655621827463771703163016234772278712340002459468537149630573879420643113985870282366118625694647368265400040980694
0185330675548785458492267177712810772887558224559469934081174511045410475070695699952516120170917198086628352522241811643698589
3432240470257950810314775679834800845473620978487244838484905235351184086387166599707527028976915030731776500593580501517198631
7221196580395629622683771151068414253703527355840765726766691589948635031125477445246126627685840897423930890628894585553998214
0691851299476896761562326144030082656664005132402228246129440862040530711922127884942717942941321981606132599740710622690829340
6387805954414104944165651355643971413515987568344486496225929165033526273702557885861628429072595508259134031569932407466556139
1855370060311355098279801028503699206359780131940779590143641110125855998712927294283001777864930865688001454553164651367990176
3395026397066375956526282504048669461521946610830298850923781230518236171386053536666469499692151678856847055919172630657325178
3046849923385707165827109497171128710135811605592578271326373856764418443760349195924655728319788343802029428671675457416769456
5261821042279220321036999746346900717107895012894353289951489320917708733388530368251182473743527841343292751660664418023250390
8824252317744508579970406643025576979363288136493464811540150480851485119103480579103156985795448940762007262203877811330652870
3204055616321408250954812676138625194951030184386810613892670161995606664768252471283913135456955545480933087872315934450481826
0110599619290339021324056958678493559294456117665436489672772960474962839844256174658530179997209334133515553960451214172384426
3123165163841681474367010429491835679876709672710839983993762107872490425945162980229932665274102783110995818120564672709048084
2232035395926446390712487234338471590552947684994788621710474575654186707905435367680711475885293815543060949577152083169955046
3350028292251658928286123588620947938740352179851517866242963626384508167950485172272074373493999323206780786225244298185666999
4138239667749081340443940138823062129167164095346506708209137890234837357780622504863833649209158347489730999565991588612008781
4664217286110698633018092758084011823559493288270590581425742146586929149871453186482768470820080489858199024057046533515257475
1359038127174952081563588721035499113638671173404164924825530484539148472501653910385502837523160916070082537168043390775386612
1436923728210391122200372504366645991744778858443244990595402772009992024820412617754275410349299293608939703285522116131987750
7070475686255460177418547021473687579971194688396164244442299931146128832803904423667313289561781005593542663645306028982529133
8234121263247251924212841508107137520536152642698580769661242285329043039771966387613256643214231439403217580461965950616775878
5413104246474816660429811639531866004425878342745986000581091374331764631199000564830359002609727849512990017018293163945873976
9271235506027321498393346844536657245544343198147802739604119444238511848559098921026630558834845589124777635275843923942487146
6915026105020117228571904488841353205308577369931061433915716936274811913573096342546878245443525669417786920642396110509919680
6739657651695868636149376334284237799146008295879768907577994879004415279621922483186516644311320818173589692203657526672858471
9876510782436209693056682744986249105883882516043932138260023370268816469981968622627487020614107433825722570906101692145161092
8947476576936475757290736092762279169953016586726757242391235235637432154172158901821960951603571049760362400377076037216546585
2735502157822565784279289258228694712999190257163908804541511707522385665999422960150232894155188313507493238330302410605425296
7940101946087505879550405973067848188833812225296523952905032878875050817047074123446017999571197850004230072472112763344801201
6857142063692961406887982913011490273637829211932192499375592176104274764580285681098203860236999583984675192011342612589287803
2211465020826460764614937570329924717346527293528447660776999654426823206473097384092520163892337570587601913303602876478051786
5272016532080322083507311689593741698084734458418980219100525429302190098183573551213250917695957795596851135451614813138939428
5194225250639639525068156399214932189538746207985167145356511964074580667075083175359149568969997574350520456153735083289658446
1455560636188297319680331471565963722123437735473357325582592487841750254758281060767877781711667628353861132757458093517522296
9590937580052253974622159164858580322392765535712215396895455529996073185392085906968002802221878982904887664044332656986715431
9536212991471446618363328764237863492326635377747715439634427901843465449556160996406079848698687609807559175166455209276718369
0962150554158891455114948237812845566152678283675857088563676954226626094608713709080121062121158536561703886898127526222898762
8414892749163551177217490205399965970236826061221918459810953818518538232318451456451553658102845761329243527433596909757880804
9825158812532083534774503272169600063323718458433952873310136391419269694767849055513012348666684447456130828029837154887287827
4062509382360859964541627147185929761392475832974190883249337770970320052156457280268514718326951417528373787461693447362886601
9802384514195519930363615938594105163103928246792737359775050266251933928460657553568168049147890604569802307087230082628479583
5935332407364708394968146809867463424837289762388992341535259500067286459397511377634976747563308326968703921946360640378185893
4569961338778055670213869684862788995924625160473819440389284613604453202763523485241482845106528449769880720371645531620509281
4202560683681703431369153262516802980502196714639887848169937613326674387122996761898343353693436995583214395894151975156893071
5332713363776927366695888962587179393484799105075109946348286416315933464459810857879632369155531524704654845441581407617245460
1504145331569763505220832523847632508529957830567158287689592530569297300966404712183597770247546234814056520028432048220079902
1149483717724666058290549158624685899733135096369862966589441778195807957291623190196664952975922610237417399523101511538417768
0036082673459241242094083136368293175771615652653244493296672289353318399016588588663275146926170769838811055155231491519921092
2671555423322348703897548437846131134228893160392027737396758641632859270434645917320325207654186499204544521705733245689882718
2041837354468721403869880661989984614132154115011011100068745419042193490192096797533733270459341389726436281948139045659902298
6287265676207191576589342058985373273830354712920659876843903556929428288343172794038913384089049546744993546672999661244015504
7671119447680097893124176344032941210873441607294204020878536819662836852561652631058964593184756766213107639235733279668108014
1503597944873319896726432783506968518844581130482208284211813252594573116879179483819354129815885419312761420721174077013349076
2090575099698794920755209276799477214063322134870825766478922887601572992873375806104725864045048652936083491870937541080699093
4276983494146036588052551210478424032928358829122542012906258904015903858342990969060460111480318597431250609578131562003677515
9113189915457840484343399644582165727880755692052210886524470220995792925869536099894161015143779391596346691130912281801612173
9319631208845800137369253760266414764140198516858735371828537522929558300406662683159046086394078157278265484925694452296859315
8349237034176302850857262350204638637311808275176159745110236526981407472953488387189243977498778789698586980560479570319641349
4582085067641332005668306046922050438876194786256238539902378554139808224133740244623740910175342259941720827473284689401445459
7345697903120299815105938454414060402797077914470248272961589951135290709800128402376384567445478103311791196342258909767408438
1687450542289596593441156541948105976556022804241843599203672068561696047317558154471118174352593930389361496742548511304322359
6498489819476221747377877067530863799486747795199009866503783070729160667495759546595972752749803505545796148381282603736838562
1116947692218975950285800049524721556053629253858269322416639882955425601685355611062823222776368062359326543474366782696365362
1876190167722031024686917347027779070009896358771654643412669083054810506078866218417271851286420021860907338434817211204686529
7526344148737332091666585836660697055361931941977353720336283268157952341498338628673162826343734542380046878989163995116270895
0881257474139601407433704222324056930283355591807454770810061687372318085122818010133000433045729252354366007849932042280735696
5414676249451280636930231638752958380804768673433252210159619334608464253621441055450445428123593855381938626029786836437726558
1472864902858611995686957469529408189014561042091105708978737612763064100403995245584630738467933358860436751349270719679653915
4154741684647123464440327863242393005522818718477064168160551024239993656696764829360125195215986845682299044548790324197334138
3620127277527314655388754016922253350206555973782560191527034271929722748456430219013528002841930398470078939445946816067765376
1722243978849829693580351795930973604730338879610427564825410468950337347468265193351290232895574144876817631258161159766300943
7560827667474386459711757237346751568066838129529407855307314365209698298457841298119589066095648716960974765231576411494919727
8647954673176727645450541867878958992452684388452058871232181090099976607265059152633077058376469186824930991444056731009872982
2534991973200933430036026714058825873362205723979737750638944916727241098322793656977758591967127159597583155643556576943448135
7155096296084695428953865082662825849460303226866978634425536379072621988021237204615220061198468810868414563936757985215986294
0328355158636181420325206501518296045012302259181045466662110690600154986730477840865756276397313811576274178347247630894639601
6488666618858920723988680761139802965152715427776544103393791345032803457282545151397254870010332315293514763142030945537580212
8490792796508337321795619849060108983218521200268617175020002271232501077412217793566906763151880182142093233096870432790215644
6497520222357920618391446425720257029473583117356819552842063897560547456381395533477059429635070000008137772848031720176668971
8337012837324253697188573699623123203170708166950795276999966009577648906818828342730326847639721034032786616971040641824194318
8936005757600971054320025253057644372313238443033194219596927715787049581460393528422411161050154583706800554645719354006707835
4215727593152764210346931899527305466845340439034432649923099270817579403876601746194619933095404333412889852431784452755466843
2088097487158522551752685495115047141137278634729729587648195891955992392424399063377394353752520259570862609415201408164480501
3544474831228092443689968228780611679861586419457086393251353177701671796943515744580842421181721325756988105402798156643588821
9778536795257051681439799124663145890473401144931092912457976024515106053860305458288529123695426810921506064347775651216836501
8629179794286699832017474082041208054529672919556607496647432513709724969762646139135868191228785586347557306843431128687158014
7106456703557605702232569911033196736598272397024373712296482733842097318351505429979256730289847489156750506335880609744614597
9660558924487542734143121356331540689398560467085012517453390341732092436780513934245365179678624863881161450471818695381011735
3612453516034902143796136205048511802780802772294479133906585232123112871839607661282061340027850740910859483338299107807956460
7138724118583930096084405139356471004624454913317962414308274669136174812224878197906201370412577330455805945128690650516949333
1730291821726950196206552159924266720782365385611242853448279354949948923432277012453511172303822029259754519038931979427529263
0548575047242616318508715072515332204278272517306960109310804996719916332590161894788700070468159978743034429043329057033741956
6780889499085964528861899269034340070621419803779139024411147795371750105312955245739852543595775978340360773771494478163557276
8779458235824687171901362922249920581085853186181780124486013927395708657432957030172044779093473433280766667409407392636463029
6492579411705822845905066201120652601308459859010659739650561022388466983198156117882306744218369432413488854001765063909641296
8476320260631331607201248389753502857961661494677170435281685503191366884817616726638971291309647117085069726218509290967362859
0810139343653776833125734038676243930878414416044335363929863448842581458674823745747264416650503948061405425537368655356993636
5246772266327550199529567399996744188644213516458735587639817991224447177904904043235549503266714688854194981790228117033924563
5461999291173972450770635507697104176866762020802521790899644748842731393628432841194003711839701487245460386154522697276378209
5508101058683508523829079387008807816663732920071304290119836347773461806818814318630035261732455767269492882409702742637950576
4599609444549117705097045766405200220153090927581307100167391516722145681413981100426906534790499705750570830947858845925010025
1009651634984508835728715571045793550385433404603846489058904184111368085059460823145504327889561854662565906194985160507019989
9357881999324778923494272780697498659881414033472270442304085245770043338219929173021287371666801815069695486701740310076529915
4608279080766236606674170110085478654830337635040537744779366742642067739517988003498779451425063495418123468371481260706586708
2700839483986172436829409192485873721128692643705335631914640430691426436305173498220746572777225402080014675196382731227699368
0086136702746607717078625347234495013215002090165872533540039551264212687781885399476155438281141614343873696580481400589706298
1705902722746414058890369373242227296762941970919549616605978259694120130539911344963309277369189903126883321693536398430654697
5704737347400443449757566987270236468633966314353505101478851263083176174429030344023607680553018559157482487272502931014168203
0929253853547791644998906236759598501768018124990991199353184644473283908513254590068607924929473380232470364424573291631346278
7114456427076321654054593005258016944651062956332800845969220254804995756234489111294820165405880256529733135691041245584370134
8553075127747556822577563288536391683930679292906640525736392953226223500696613649419343205087984527799731174525862937043354377
7195787380049689624114711568372766827743368052980829823446372539589421589808988393401756593651612425875577606936738214349475949
0181544697505469142362834711903740140759734959010974977126438624042186356553593244884210506676336566524109269413687671228874205
2896686735795141476730158554607522934103668703053995570782216706155323744964613382384967846986182100960586040580173953854307263
0286768549279297394586785263108063892918942908459235186623403809969114153282154910435594392237358132752498428484045697160025994
5955615832427009939764606346259378692931215536161617155986791397037887173705219219646647075071165536665651942885935717666403172
4276536421804556864922554676992233459439755861177568827029918375612999063128068548901725736512083925758415949098712083242055096
1725062474106111957956927114735687646594918046204634711666975260667778901437761819647914937715436330233142512856404865653199627
1291532637755334170692403451392823323540177224847012033326608939686606026939972956526341007272336243309559194347525857345975521
4741600004754011316928740091902596508371266808717732973936254941000335221943249074812743110404969466723162046697491974991225004
9085942759791031775731739206062635146158396893656161608173687371708987211298821225045306367484626014700868922039873009889166761
2541340395518961317950998826785729636172355473248648132541946680948357368185423797382627281741493372551999786014593359188997484
5815863362546532185070737662568520327034674676319716730206859041401224197894669598892125005912741187360523778711460345399659500
5019261584110255017064950229895215051849707546749811603776445037494938571872346104053773024040213974077890562979334359709174595
8333959703819799129975411673347762248495046754138982930023526377690018754531518740079491735091275401960400702618787889510076010
4581333314409607030057543494344952121287231730028937956224706941567517833092451729648212810249480493474654543033507398453170912
7852221502784071535646166335599143402394637641678513241517161191111016811759837825114453186940577300367319815188600287295217212
2010730508881189649006207896145313350898015140508068016693226343978406558747353752836658017965545008809220423091595161424950648
0496642867065050893136545829132837570390366632826974250747266589629788809643453838849392317508541173149110672931572489980731531
5044656574615736195246481865299114510211631762807229391764826087155637720268154669986339615396192306621947657967460512382581862
3895441416167225879629472693046552479446299590678533650004819143386099678646479751244788463147638567925169013110241886917506841
2313203706796269432481996570645174678020808456857425673026366797683548661197668493887407113195800476443548512276825541513285096
8842881585797604763305986235159142379357301472286513544030211227645270193019240287343188528847284806872333232004379253392212209
2688409746134847438143178885250323822851284371547861492401669288415720100963691981973327453125586959600245064339903637953701615
2157845883601129857682095395770985605599007238545319703595004924079346833281510603116153010794429037127659368861617341676777914
4401447994414721274888256152671021736338924549726141907269816501834171190194745666679544881448528084111510223352357146390678748
1598441987414496519030297478102458680201205753852279934039229453001433839642149793337137629917651258040708764206181523433254292
8502235049697025555092849971402076674867464110183607528142090872909056796241616598564935589465706229822069262366265937628292137
0055816249709410284431305701461181450452686881595061600026629505373443676670339321519731346337868758756244867546936430600344835
2653221234894262976174352794968903515069018957828772393070009300269049849197795885320787480595346792949215526978359438371233230
2573198395480105527983836130766181207518943018866225650015829519188519988960108721260257064720088842555685468531102293009893766
7692694226464861550196190446675400547348832497307906496613188251375658889565533214610868096123194257835553142178169804139054021
7725637998171173785445603097719118044612631181543666841703322233562489202164880099839601175940461517268783567897496005081890093
1623476912740353658966890439792885600281612076194740147557413318421891935617196959684345685434629547787219047616918564873155095
7025393340892141498709286165315521796432685307146924561201314330411100254047950443336104515273461423562157427134079178986568513
3037051173501455568382307906695636378996155638857317043809314274578391987572790382804869815651855972786188467330565714827922500
4074893387854201023525918388726764794855730871461446351512218023803177488574497502040250654764531910469820302411970861290475346
4505685142400586418253034395353236203805450253479017801928704774791824048811941055335303586560686324885362705510247805420001343
3089154219080968310703760534064569831009505236913263817236675143668487294264949278958590434251398242365729091805726174530517140
0036394729791915199963247134854987262729782792900430729405932713576759938708525288045097625035200406357341027793528833641758308
6352067888617175431411674423431768301646476262241768575619045274936408735985350498083851711439785845206739316196883719103192098
4796246905383107193048562525408958439687461541231738438567101188983088993969984494129981508412118318349184613817013959589269737
6278309646817389075935268193490507135536415367887824086765490270943493340352420279233033265958209197334685770879485799469719026
6501644826983757753799478095020135205854302975462551896895597291920140799672078608383168757287535179491461326280401680688209269
6878526040144420355891683769364803589616260114471471935609824723068550467740012749917856656207461894693384857525476785223522600
9913533038664755944016342494625355616351591218888135528544319832829890186060691211822484503271002284261557646472978467535245524
6548210843247451049422320528853823425570998217119732063096360026534131251690098102596630502775298567714836475115745947762170767
8887884056401989307352068428168695321737823154308274924885994114161224059109503941221400198439058269599476104839310697936760947
1499621302434101869959148741723191678491689696644090274728115214408462354277075304721665902694379966811617179086736989510478453
4472180192689505631132593579798684787021607827033405644669077356547531106428251322335834054519860462918400592332567647993370324
9048351300356674084399149618697303904545693491523593398209411550081390607196236295352104843258693200555492607047645055200473684
3904033119579621911938196032662442953927339169769049079015529114126726770405396769752836907821633197786728940414757447592836029
5698177775039384194905994353296325732870874582783505440992449252246418852133705888017732270642203555475460239299507823556669568
4584762886535479770675275444567493237009137069030861149601485784515963297935895153471843170037858613325007001549210631837023209
2986230798529869904729567059889517914570160421964137879893497645563877292347055745496295096825111567999357916375574494934291205
7206470066816931559279891084092643447735267681920960477832257393262206090265312234429580381825327805715755696980240563671249333
4975196191021868367044398019078519059684387790904063324517862970957096304027938042892083911602143438683752393325035772333502998
1316065614559478287404397163400580119624302865064035828659428240183667221604845265166461282189820016614382937134407772850983969
6172722824726265969836224691170018753182037736393837492582066024393428721754417142086323296047227886511163988288746175386143366
3150098340574634288363424590978979671688129464997330011306067549875063142531548626552657667362582081599069751262734236839198246
7320831408674583797739325661435931815687746601771458516299735930183747747803369077854960129285952199586802721391111341133770000
9781649076575876416834626425635920411598588075542620127671675851163249442163030188821293485762987388143543674662920406406559708
5939935563329383384304248329695829758747483676028520127505271048590567171170009956748249750276404393523654234793402435394531559
0252668408043754647206021991183069125065854666835585971567158743285135342908676173306885768974453965943775589652707957703958897
6941205372351396701250517551254482102589310971175662401605631499693168133844709297036538928165453987035113124871313193061665449
9276802658913609967848115344605249848453532699908586062377147315012593156326148344297014110306443933718879254374138651819351013
9358073205389217401007942156414789371666731131537345827743121944929460937083473364444624266082970336996459723671391030112788573
1765411908158890001229050208942988203575712050271091972655376675898080722954958732806828573013490785204118792568609729781493352
2380302146221749454886974990613671789801805162408638634096879268990438108120689272991357553079627023448340790990962415597084280
4048096687228528057040549427950909321059124104059954691594133361792928522598487445722858314871353602305792037504518403367795101
8791402885580812697264727719699410880547796108771833960539902147827417638408675493518018213254819498104814348795878620396366601
0903924261354725492168290232167217374559865613331033632981304605379493456181688182582298294804821827770454840207003173905889439
2319227785834038175693137220680318778454701304164120192954225359327542167556566637258412033259709183354710843065358146305555525
8673917622829080548174920911891769587355766435165634787328419281721579009044997104872530471989859299305155593643127267879722422
6682290955279007939673997760490906289041187907827046608623932479656002087546101920096135789193088482019418559812270396482968185
2423495240985101912282160197226440146044901932777702865325863608790152621900419953459804469566930950992382020196553029673452779
3436610407681610128962456711300906610774647139359864663150800708313215865508716982334525964257676579485350065609743793059790523
8492723526317024179966715344536215615681812917282255110526575184184812878258269018344255337700911624857617809339928700208173945
3637336636381056356070802698487403636259922727330027710606038599582455818066875278487848716217844022297313070587219989978367370
0060775392327016214743079646392570709223503152196217613938079763344036433088567530057235155273916070612559581478927578508356337
2980025169096765222953776328674278356394573802596587538549701911336821174109269755308129020228887624742741743790423872778133411
4050821812671715448039700197323622949979651733365312936187264385591443824448095216098907529899820693216629857601750862463957125
3142033473651787251598564785166706147991399595143208797800693772522221250290172822723884818192653997830457442015732513857367482
2434227934816021841461320189923052035591521089170168079786149675686974463633607305584810474242944486308070058500812306124076610
7715099107942733927512136192299373968619398158672679676087995950860231222104112656659877314698556942502196127845551909712373108
4069114461731658732633727592893010579600135097271095735648535688306732518715682620335083055144068477571815102417990371455419096
4513648336048758526599148974167943082379478315281923441623546714332454634302169701041016212788185513022911448815223921787570792
3624469067047527512170727298754069896031789622645772484827952155406739967506695954077541651367850929296976343602998185574427928
7941267068022945446692718780586230511573764935339043083147537297266971720289420223564631007244922385010298582167405543731618295
6806852318072988521804655880278600099719660787055120319799397720389095148995402664025461591174050670273042539667806005860061500
7207008027571345636661751333090766740919387017591058445443344334627123396031143577924484316316865139392646603641126628696936857
3077564139261564206167503001531356981773542928052096642681673223984499732941393025220000573381152245673838328811500670802459159
0948542799001533682410297780373013799791748346265940949566539377367731087302452174028989049580452869089162990037685957268273937
0880681561126138584261480022891283215404751141789014380796409952816321543905013512146286826522138659411899727000462608467450535
5880091566261256557011783504868257620770129211977999169370084785384096209807922714348396458806443353193445034311369641072095970
0556656033549253864960039890721015883335372132680590369609602226419085993403091634173432095151442616233244407104672122152816903
0104165883408627525444104591380562545622183558159751831249938218150151310276941351661814981521482974647621742382874619909936820
7313501231477817301767451446702735705428503662442130539627888646852578831768325107739301527824363969429357121983438884878755269
4393819179422351389843662394835319603450398553466130430331252873486799616761474948216299677793061438633632338236018231007238273
7068094772817742176160590443426997804722265949259567119852638283512544860402755698118178658952516755701578554245375512654131546
1929058509678608173068953824208364147161581285515961193245483567752314654578018433833005722739540799467152027333949229966280869
6336730057716861143854645697201406300653307680945816167555425942108475384088151314617817926634797063108952284581676269870141278
6513049997339587705695549544072595339278305253913271901919825663866146612507671581432953692087570028664604274026412331620371074
8287494858287111672511595795429201499531492727612182441663719617940686643391436311349735908431637719847434127985592417043341276
3683439281027866311263196237695664936547654237370870765012602749829825808040000867227133823847412406422822451359747985192576292
8080745720999988790691750589159999510681935221965279452806039652949988754070864815196625235801191787296756531552141564212907151
7193959478339407643118308465039555507133342674876808586706138734909756613087265895500010160295176435656450676824231321652261709
0364925287385399527025737739685585498448664221812361858587254459582955070942164513804426958941634994463722930608065187062143205
1510248350334956246451724384468817066713416535078509857129529545180481755289335535116009464206553367625156566677354615817653859
7881465671702288772143540937915254400157725015862757578041600213873551218117006116952755764443062859739372284691117745149958234
9088672142145404730278835893039966187590126325943635642412358143475145374782213403246198035026788070070178049812453881844272867
0338668401687420146135473027030982411204915710337406365921420685513130184588295184291465724202435316806267038332889397443572598
0839432579664022013756612378573508309364105293988945101718659897497738253028464952712017100629220365209543091962896609529479679
3205960596777307708890129013560513946330763313564335478005273643120628824046289255031118424365183741647820073945909472936879735
4620269579622752421433383654982653678424583328146692271652411473449919421964392617935515652881545262048907644967697133592449864
4910971218311134291321139032124590602851436712963785978946343853100496072075735946195731359706831946181264874128557978861454843
1011713617018211148846555458691095625992954032111035185714620653734574566700313717404927859717431081627049246861417661324499234
5786110524543942705885896839017534087003537095772880970962648591315518710892525409209474091669813346069319857029093908507508520
8853954861830714292944628596393329384568570114810794672937003168548384708307820733820193722197605410037476744326684584534487320
8506177470614128104032179365484641505802789779285846461790237297261018747968281039195118146388862647365824837138881138267868859
0627387322960768524871037409484459085875896325439489116621528742302285368082254073124593119410595219290194886865353532781155425
6809698357496328576273024691628485594217747112697681983376999200098136183929376787562599199562809870612840417370015973807170130
4180345838072561608049345847198586105129570485513244519517878528919531649387592676465860801665435795014078048815567745274248672
3354246532695167434429089502120887783749962531689888071529106417054905309204892456124468634666345233412562908228212778433482865
8025350198646920310690370174859009390241456508358264258699021020277939851249666503547743318751810595431556900870080845029269395
5024287042925036023658377259430412863334903203075207016434236014370755084100466996153432751138550920390967655897565334875107985
5140055633415509862050689677756134057716739901647883241169162784527852235725792016297971735177502489661133426961482215258022336
8037402896490266221826083726250897311919802495381754225581047474087034884706618427848292889662240224463663278752931604522244404
7043755425948194930791058610151488175614282166409617670305934153837246327320668633959913213103337798602482509159766659520973014
8270324793209592396753604357772106280615543278837901728489074421806486555551552367821526140160754356205673704266414947144922428
1799358966488711764366695558613904123247231097498677269788824167860157320461004934898696811210735916673092405907643647942161633
2879051334510139198581358891368404052755328890835533066541217913121822938905792625249238474950146832344471977043224365781135389
4792241156268785166424579695585412116561708898561202729978503519790831983242726846466172154727854320602695467825448826562117055
6892572380716177090374320438112277052543379149328749706362112028296715205065873069869487739216648881329625482801871208985853567
6373214964682547847971295488976163394711102004330268920420740567984995588029489900437674583804505907280376076761512694288533949
5155665472119733684583254908202345934203146938766729952819115305923223221786312083916415057710647121628060022705929366547804604
4979219068691159117673733260174579718275355270622127824048810725346461586407079827993239800649367405496829848031012026874839047
5453326819721439241285068650662264327283806902040744362117833297041970217611203752467289267570303110513926750426867300123044678
0552826491452886926336136137608744868267813981244854176639767832954709406334434073383918878421433694185303125198608436174948723
8232804838617139276458679276053642834353480357742672915996943482707728711707722990226821986645110256211853787080947091570985448
4530019597199416503606666321373773776661468897805635174486648284631882284913728030703703554479870389738113486662451982640555230
7993338222145807140991352100542338400006637591961344296816299971822252698512532704506078851263452743784059409504687946969377470
7050536882923788373466054136459774772814292349043369279413441771827357318562815124739087054575308713882488227553010491099772197
6089909596225409017825449105685851204483516303044569069782656841637982677940745207225513250507661349031619934115869792030545534
5623878938475449105483656355950820776480123283684344289877071474158657289092937164564108821983834915760732145489786160801928029
4816804046415869731980026155380698391293302660706933603124933543082802974288753245590234004708950597141938648083597306991959548
6285742091945356496670113754904503990748375484181907762641311090270050878330341468974330973619534202556739616012441626266016429
9943182264167678058972498083665971330560261159232616995578303066019814909746442924781284268163340228187122534568268386331093065
7152421562633124939028810156815250340969816324770306713467508016775028986746579511353296216202084745909078793312626258806625843
1270211232086431110376182218366306020098067244906289836262668331857252429211967620796216066094322098532350592071668917821894836
3845983140880841145716906938062904326623489852177531923802141898083667738472813358868563811996856141869924840103531518902763682
6718003149619307421590918630236184183948486678786725981990313301354204177947073223184765980604578217913950986068011309908008603
0928467335337181093723613708048071495790652643180583079182628211576154222901059273081503840088736880283912228917857747961420216
2166551801482676965109266503314605693500879290753119500152110927158165273225738493344045059814681043424105403563256277265130147
5602984870377735940956944951929383106107020907201382858387070933315397423879633043403789726957228735509198228676824257307906832
4033785332705686886894233935205324983504447579271074658738235607798108047836471901273736322254888901735575902110174004577938609
3402493343952267342344754443371491773245869528553143427384549726736187617570093360565939837511071410896535571400200988988962479
0467384270228802505542012448307525976842449031499613137353277852822620338697586513075361354863064717799164245330603052561106892
8842259346260183856170976867586760896719736933276441816021638614978497367736310097708762890208045248689587229972592272876387473
3259167318440772369838882122021007960375389506141034220872992638686407702750133638151910546511598120704345383522282582904780462
5442641858108090041720094339574637116216554948307838544047344475741751117118100567565238848037532377180455225898883679663375089
9577142779120614628627441392665993338561362305904130927688924256501300629907368310744468665785794738752761659537261334710214003
8036648554081009787955952496618722107214483438085877494384608581966978660817589075759692849806559360759821555215575625537328994
6018332837847583031691963477349319171451400074031373390713717042745436212897138228273237021196246257873177739985799453366628180
2105213797394649680881845019293842601907281739434203168302170068885354441461289080251599722778415734193180238772976142195797481
8846734820754645249343903444980443492288225807913782286509632765370978666435328327850741457922220028478728899676269184885886857
6241211337754447826883159708571545245319208827655835686933251362672810423079630739434073408653288828495537708526658804579257936
6272761641480084516721023070052621557056643754854336674557368573875689625068313256900499409409105292963555938180247719262631692
3370472297661265053196085477234369632895929368519546792630928565306505801718550038387422423219452220411081683199640562587649457
3951837878713231474233482132735598466639480024677257398672432796607337555329635538613813318615303256000562507502749357845826125
4701181391450803850270234592090970559917694412710413114961034587689766035663731463069166460549538653431143701866309605231883521
5130066101866721176356898240445132440597653755333619647577387320361484004480200635865792415170670027337193740214918631143418262
0808586953125247209833845490228639118624854066699258124848785165048528440583631961380212929557758370252911013779599196305478822
5521493745858166529682225371969453760228060851280399420192708176554476472315839318021751905690807649055065100259488774569707365
6158697507308922777896716663452883986126333631244914987739404979553039259206951208801722656773710392910263349735278566679339104
5235852402635719195587338866742022182421541295397761869128302452896058848115769056351269147058952464962337808384290518791915445
1541410356265877277120453080537595028913680044162125110791583969590059857305994592466475393255534238742387386696685456308459612
0685998205305456113478494375669069867507303172663122574416432766684294168665147860680796606372059541989820238442687325132846277
1106867923762001975234815885590982053876420748926951108789589029118783643675464846081587064829483161231369554788911064379449191
5812396650186976221479400172298188629572727898176974211003232401377793666992976058114854815038333629709686365618467427463150786
1384329026943982531591592399085803625354634016228493888015194258739954993856952956641410330220082208258103940975869674221124275
0959625394390538490258630101489160874897384983747423071388118372125410613424612801559234232776779480366009970965890340120701045
2667599636961907870724269931710369308622554291093494631427897956168577372077593727180133140549717498300507170013965255252092132
1737339475235603869117715688789198413446311276950893765017909814539886259628403094769733766342691082854440546058895772248646612
9197218961185262852748275379196855788331061390003979168135259363646749693751540875250641291188297420332987544882702271806564544
5155345846357272505381130365306178806560153732924148036950818502559878423925856638459435711194956693467002588044226649914787035
0339515088331009475687588955523954567747189933073011102332237830656095392839856108022616789694653613303860633782147528467869258
0130375935586298049775383191407798098669127243484570035128574481514435908283974501169023065679639597582504503336586846159045241
7077631278309415202815413204154287337150040264985085284229097360757947744868068694211304208527582045828778373828218901884299318
9750268301116713110151838109753966293343621088077855224277949045570521139532153236249008822916991091102238861514323117478408697
7155195645472829181908341253643812659814915997068241585467987778740169901860636348467280424257966646686476472265113081410661304
3489215851493494198992712587668351276298911212514851702684901497030382245009336388185220072052801963314343348536393431861793824
7433750102437336219240711853055477575713689475760799540383502439038522399381791672647025184537779822386053913810580122038174879
3818754166719135070632269620576055650986227950584996452818776818068696309115722467830916362575260788613336625118633863774586835
2178221238069038687341161131798367556148830622561463128345189400786005116148867892392990638096974925106944221425159061603022670
5524790379877915422325982255364820388029995625235481186060304010456803568052174332647747736403777805245458180638361448671813038
2561932270943099179760490101865479784716200934807733561691561384108933097340199742932516818080682737612322848740218966854945307
9080116601255117121383041648878380955264484146894062161454022932953200141179550531168588724355886537447858132714146647197563370
5582470235237288151308759910566681678927176948236130886004032182125845977161600117740547183580925791449145036400529238606663420
7837033717084727015977259234033008100455368360038870286352550514822219714510463917848677542164460976523276256801252857727025894
7130094419267655355009949375142847444276972876916939298289507233195397404513990497114810662137361054915518609388753530456478940
5388394232615483120266638817714522427995662494049561316381620397442848359037023023824190702655956805505137789130807808295750670
7728487145979981298300914926600023112696314252375455071809186812868701327870915067718357028716612327551252066278398582389353164
7289773656445897637637801900198614044295973498998341687324987147175709042706190580765940871231724558042584698396691392833921161
8657047381454227627618374146397069336202044856822409754902332810974380485722671719214725867693990943072348305834409116868276317
2768386266640115552548464265203598491327266098674766891714414339959283543826573869249667218521183972556730897770799418342118136
8189160219232646049490114563802577964294955901129433201250836705921020927053769046687178122894793267915461627258608458791264898
0219476902780453916709467789696795567878369111867867605857135264741583700268708214119151342234570678050700247598575853332533925
1642635008587172832360657829315478456525706956941480551250122576528755981779071461911390584857611720174162647873804473942063599
4967685799379026281672422049403080588839491839093762962697369896023527084701530700159221622072624944257435732610627292851813751
2044450251147619884660437582513822729870849508689036347657931033634388064328200140554626737296767003665386040440053850111272335
9965191238699562685527207327106427173242624391995490667681457409129351701642801367806048618652102824703936861574242876103982267
8167136500949575593721265813173669081199030452059803613088300447991271804667292549385675921231605005292459008477827396828396980
6509840801282604124983554742769070687886591529251914833953844029743868619125159895774188014042708540332420119945175514865123729
3692321786307153306613998657737637076488435978265420180472674598878806315670458550057067811482012301407908299677656750462270208
3553454561634700149917505664871758279230385607072819176680565522193204640320948453398810380708601224770333475704117532694153974
9739801831118688634434296635463933483606562392700839399728340475392493400599816097076262424865867680957927823749646379318466788
8207485786494651396331129651303688013258032982874538569357681541288542572016965208057337584986821728683984473782485195031290559
8109594698571552972881573904540885927360173123269475341745160895931951290769944326526035760450300948152494775976334153020903866
1739268973385061826289687149889229189956753685868472054090051279828873221786295847959246538258862203254463138510475016160891729
6472588945675080220223551738194925153786626106262423384260557370130433634861152559973124770729011313810073811203315002214957767
6317904094534761856637133735479679945651270156668746266850573869850630241143818143990553888552953747865302101114447970138765661
6050111904910844217007312990287283030132792651432799525258590083326102644255354794948740529248987597130140253327270495396985608
7218279207220544832644649289313013019030346375149234023654949206605352146548635130815666273562950986058561700625454917451118233
4591089295985815819108775507988478501559092837715809067331448086286924500664248339776158516774620654659269297333948779421651033
0402389695369287676425439165311946884646996933164719659142031175373351707836712648952147263228223229642458870791042562919539663
1663280408606348818705021370639699925355411336760403455952690546859354756234316710656534265824067538349235703012760994218438928
7331947252166763395452202287514396143003916184577374680861816449247026988630652041781591100537950521820855164931956884346869156
0167992341341885278124354492799177573677966259864026035120911925009272011711402759093945175436356249669782240856162554344304896
4307297970448548637044676901410933338328417297377294558704310254387943692431491233869228400552419559003867252598836554809147959
0400912691036342469718967629054695345164844205186330491298158594966799688436822836744333087245877645780438275466738783338029984
1522719795609161172147875781283157496792619720043728981895906145341666050986634594495047649741152246939806507306609930123284981
2105358148148398274033567712304765375367909977448660123752729616799410712586037852322616433905738649313626209308187391551045434
8184050603718152729487919051152176341217780682835043432591401578282222377677030156609712538101741280977544353648960619498088312
9780539921497865045552480951265192490326869876857256607893887668594821322177012473373977135212994227092237257692716960309499930
8387530951877561556746885813088050059098237284649866946622347108029066952894002584214015925808803683837814966224683534722188788
0980315065961365338422640630321175434205379462185984915822930473041804521924781482514510231643402826027992447752984590090815631
8885215984427616592965846360943654237762984211426187791836287528989189066470173789608783423601639354776027707428728361921725733
1713545761488733797112097100438352878478186093850974631628293903780866218943733017611561596620119895299713346283509695880279900
7056694123692100328413045552536384469910897094450012862955826233283495356986105417266885152765210669772149818027501922143072697
5044288331991180937483810266252299436099022518584143328384527105505463981298174129945339074070183868941494344473296478243433481
4945558387028214187495664309036767910507538072289226775563326183770144119596728765797237537898375774364456608274929793323186859
2322622760682958787774419794236441627708513520567224931868094563846705540632720743482044172976408519449985880794628778392723979
7704734167762682724779119792543440260650654515136102295412021984201525761889238911775278953009856036983484297176809989345351898
7538438504892134535588424111693601136717057553968849287415515571796218046474942306436018172239215803280193264125771352664266396
7105221455394922182238669063185805229847494225913363125711170315190206996126469146603174629254473614090501455991736786538113046
8157168667432314271904818365481089200297683424381896431649087725330131885687876217074390326660020019876852812089717929283102567
5370154297245853419804188360942032243192631168128880436140877705786486797146832449934263947276552080089455965696884234934971523
8611893045023888017310198960086212752413461499017699656702018998940525757023063840379418108573223175879013713671744193748767015
1169024393509843272061563781622978325016779395605303924999369153283788827391502842037817134058668089767959752756676201396896441
7712715405049463369575317556974267677998279848759269048895603544096481338768211601218741510541248300317436674252540127015114391
4834430831243295519098671812863396000922057166207709070811235493720931115916983299692520931163380069504267039634742271991229413
9287385557045725218161176454965763264083042136444478713449129334549410452033352200798030615759042237027156709457224173930955024
9440754327156472541302944326043902553561785824204549770748860453197398189036670911169331773914895138408417009555757899645501252
5832453847611197719596117303718224745254716796559500451686231076822545459079358621425609803998655831572289152307921157534370594
6716617297863540993457906819123068181321563782640587142663699479729095230755403564453694626863314955875318305864016967285927449
6751752585208130882471772146338918033811645841373896388668212294917320582400645793013617832138799866544853495551795042553770974
7292062075462511235154219336433250111030971448383048960076039173673865773457243289124490997622252180509835724029497464904686356
1703189532838988444479300672213603786659157307392869303094005510273480520540799882625565441527626460538592793551679614793917597
5131469474921792991086626550504407821816558283404370799177646663722782715758886649389166252871185413421418269585717891891693033
7009640276492618793739187876608008054508113875022453329081433650929497189681068056166559133270910556458288747450052550799593778
3775026817449250262071158797005661647517869545017156045641434181332078515755353689003930497030264487465467676524742489128433074
9510101337115987091584562788637829217924129844325702143952753831115106454935897717213086048464400730491846668741988349250815009
0460642398157894924642248578767274436367563791950971068099635643161955689433389352445513881354534070645863359289997626236597102
7422701275758347504612869999447090197900987293675125648746188541872170309069628366658720207642452150511782301406643296921604925
5722148742542704368310731836532013521833785510008023772247459847917061172721772791747731176316362682231389997934194900072780568
6833294401022288062004523032063979096666714062815023108654665205678873446818506366372748896978903704125253114795333767006805633
0409503844899480726742485372066289542014116663615248040053134473634302073503009858583019797024883588714394669118201212140331049
0801167094699960082079962007695468661043658656967418331551197267388919434693010620339366679098731235659707521841235334772751876
6325143950028159251006278830542343903327924750282184108026273734472327418765244935721260982532015689685569244807990908472766627
7594072557268049752783928609937336033485545218183637235406635759394992632389014311377829965838907592318760198667367240484412343
5995370105199099659966025879437447340499996959986818273399469349454086733538293008250823125200112169460372394345464200255398128
0278006855752348475839798168839058164956107248521078548181749550904031782397298429598863198195066959241173235250539525076363890
2434406818995447305231609382502170967538696884871023912846712870860599713914006479152902091530717543673744437190057705732209450
2049303158709878586595288112356673888760379702189055053773161541139894881284696826212357934526729889089168985110486922861784281
1480496657855804936389615128385812000095228481966854328817796490269872553734151219601055960998715934877799282526137718284428232
8638224569717329657108787802886111345753795000064618991042853502960039658407299390014418474102137277340588865538873397922966731
2915504391345921079597753766165614369426311302871553494239227907927104755401277811135239511652090480469130728548314080193845714
4662543498990058418814498281187250236958894998429926084397929019382124044722273292092351973221932689481754974738766719140738353
4190409245555651289372817877351684664080842342410487693494611165285252514427042631380484145603968868053004939443493512729765220
0119636369629430093021488300230179969441757666478935315483114992540843688913867607317956666306088259979412209337113112892142162
0522344915049743379719646407210766405374162220565183535557053495876729008927029380341012939110046953015244548503515867668213581
5545277258914067549098676802369675716209629211229823278440028400844384130766676038181293025311537464968008032689589725571813893
7241917831784954432887951874113610869422570389407469506150472467208362227227524708480496950010505902724279188045395824562149045
4536217193131427845613009167815485956442321803951137596941709381463070724725318338865720453796245623311051568325407640234609643
4950000863730017668562367944404823933355943718044346155630933481082791520987136962663882167172001786426520967022022083855046918
9948462347102121864710644896101448735320408682918327475914042821856145185407258575043429392954988610306816855047216892742882375
7607463192368539597117886391111127498537601742711656094819081284338644518509840706151881140781291037342960935079170415736099697
8170547034180787962131392617751093115453333934584190242119875787080041916215989194964046994229463391170868877473670939015394600
4967067863801616048208692428984726982425267929231942089387972467090049190181520316912402532109719978404281158192349591335918000
0182827511598856652325488782019351042712700704721955971553105284410000877214479216605042256842199795133210940783113951447780445
2845448586343352856456977029480170139895515001400772533947791028664521178270989590999530566461508232129548565121491303912378773
3186958087525040737796735368369363073980409705399259078085185801788329795473492605756831924612159181775569516279264645527914405
3736227582287369825938099577236266512057139246043733096797986415476742434871074557767615701953628932757311718425644125724233706
7173052386737821682078985950554267597062731307233678638341260916391599502956775154905191238402444341035490900454688563799626952
5147641961470238255748645042116320141678230506441721302812017771332190399762353180889095100320685446894708468194573746305094928
3469096230652662675602711465325424276546888133056279141284661309882996606616677713056958440903862720614419241163546636652676601
4000176045790898594283018168562878609386243501149259496688481941480198035420169390431588952838073985685288362095448469635565752
9472291341301030094187025146867336563674988987757598438413852630025766068250538948297399599973328446303590662904124689712678759
5558918453683884045568116648619640982031099812596210893142179251292478971547413993326289821580230193948481450670535256195029562
4928975689440726890177460501590676962108712941853309133182477027909307432937071388936253714931106477057738446899643424898539007
8940244387920877438974129853648880036120882337129881652544245505645048735775452951748876363983239868801033134946650378020657016
3701058033103724656733182793045707161803086804756890720227008032425755334349001190669627279911430274518624636020186433616060892
5795048614649402340472644254299779685615196268626556186825992241948964494636129874107575230767378691185971658847979564205979820
1236133846548113964258787812605512858795064801453710507748252434757524711761598464790831987938492943750974650361247007836117825
8985069765244610015917016588371467517920803422724008738355002305222843175513547415525425623310272808519127269635589538855868669
4866637881580384758530553032050127301271010383021829168699459836736308865544704254424297016793922754172114529453114659796809124
3421197137282279783180092595776656118340512425979400729754872785822827951114365899638513626864234673281733350488813180030409671
6116540261589173059806435182727298140303534088364505375974117730218290182662177594123794279119735348291936701406861588485281875
0383388028538445842643371054045990749985217056001543711456417105050188186522673179186319252532355654228417953034579705914850138
3589398737652268493665223622209314271095213796466114005222254738357264490629049957974234088293478306962011737255628545244120278
9242006644961491221804556688452952473719954034253935879343918188942010496090705258446852742963029458182305909452754390287793730
8783068031607497439341603800503578168008017096526972920750091440007773022446775696934539156855822636256531074692478856955931965
8800823547223548709312492609422799167744315137636030763502283934241170303284109496261288800964950861563894408561284405190045969
0236871653896771373931349637525093015261721424149322538581449425146949187109336492808412768678305259961228548229258526615055933
6808296006076261647807027264924130647898638203490518417736498838185026931804266322409312178542687977048973852811639981510309567
6711783212313531503601350937924384067635440627869411288664439772524317458074685185346606914709019186196743715338064452022403271
1329461726620692353133812940387503225279782302791789101276394351197294472993751698133198738485236134603208512597461992464092534
7712409812790062450698418919781788475967301395142101015147156004348821394973951402124816517835984222889123201533407163528809483
8878866193884252627688867520926767781102452754391877549372235240772045942305940402248699505448319900090404392151869967674502128
2483008370299951549301955588790277512316664972307031593695383033586616221934522732614016251454351893271188672805879216575868904
8930668992950485150931537517355790279447532793020359504907584544928499659083716918240980733762266979363328381222043500384239731
5449783313063957701679502215046202754515996947849788011011244404372242125949053935941173427778943061308870747330558976279745268
0087442866677315281344307628368254568290685263159851300491709072441620656219856549470063530059686910247545618397733080267966459
4275923776467144475919672663054261638444876359385278313589184049205522647886045588220547740175271213225571694335593813888699266
5631076970562565479284442184748121529273149320713280238168313146627141356684124916604998541431548094125068927278902251637629771
4049873854233479495273404123122985718709224211298472591495302249456292201698069758048348513785824572699432884088465158829077277
6601450724720706904135791943277181797939378581152182984849501639363583354753791712537234399122836156611327530479415218232099189
5823047280117680731777259023254262177630139266484401163220777646941723211983561493087099972956890435877152661438838138706007958
3871525096685339470645850417153350859644241363604522957863652066029739101996436761253594694922069548250943637910124220796682359
3789021225120290908842849945791566951268040039302726617891236371450848884685584694857899475642048623621033883942963333740640913
3413392907322042998743788130668642581010260731658079311951196515199970920919298587850590756579979416052745401954692899254629962
1834576186290812892686277778078188491493029363265052305832102758282145333131211542287672262899869561233857209736661910966320185
8640618069436548861856298762841794920426604496493168277782652390652529026370866518863711574378563335650089395301480857411365309
1062855694706861343683613721473054277513151272875708166067829305351279095564881057460121748427296483260938003342506900294399166
6708351271129793412643921214770696882147428525507519544681246954889801321262715754608536636546303081680171501901796848282715773
8170065360748835664225539865399039511547738151434626699419911223518847738407528346693417347838281049824633463358386526323379557
9773283803239608948889044323843524447778250704201869489766199362127854167469574262448141201863158740882252497005327174568985690
9629170341829493159540502281159419978757497174339132063688621315745991750554750919122418499757801567167615195540686775308036772
6813737486648360157997154949184994770910737848857708594705159108226498818076724620595499835896899658135344576077658527954169440
4916163367448740109143119472115171909713176429892100499193749017654102572161123098799425438195950481418848253249246794538567213
1943648585194380435794184207380836831419456414164714608475465257187830071751668999365832434059345210749956754565801799757863175
3687162724713568040156043932976576841434569787909011626375244300886516755159434297033774573216110685196819615175124148320455479
3344419757198679638351706919063941845054040199124828713172593196435249592482470220242606177271518431150127043364815791934444495
1400008065520008098162065199768125759577818782918099045365313282741980846275621548204708560469294053250492025107214712766610441
4165080021198705915210786508550601653226551217888163799551833017968067846988341804528031533804959471453060256667445828562593413
0316539921143167379344751397929218943090424282667061717675506492829683232765044382831375540458280475310930354270466628024378573
4617204749069035253813713597661824629929473681227979210717594546338035842018470292109616982725985026372103084242143325201934501
7628437040946835252535863570081482725836702391432238382009021257963849956941583278276159017021059243802411805222128391491555532
7118276592277047948538579672067937116293934455417400255981648387252807293008272125197089405857447395662820745517911550198420495
4817641036360381588057889324736649206689772293316553388319983835732003282890192751493367420760022776216834345866178180918425947
4046762929816361002114402224273088310438847474234192226897299571581711857975564268312621600137920668387355607049886008638057179
9349209580226030857313156556379575691164723527464611358492523658913876021766102463374095835678962118324213355237312840525047153
4458386832215216090846608267034928117933000209670619365236847239547649406543272314067052926849866069213065858041288568227157782
0323889725674406704675299432615839196837602006707700866051572397447613281818928460518366859474985370527579091269025122957262918
8693066533952054034279975214015256982660363796184125831239795876267900616583623647519579472331003311428117914837252346650454796
6978896914173575690746678387000060698232734806725458177123404206650082946025871125219582890983005045333389163168584620102734094
0208343185195645077429621338459120990032615146936965171481121547620265509203707449471143882951101626839387108073423291107985197
3806694565547588080124701297594558579857621291153844744163973871845300036486064506978169189349641947450555475680771354116721127
7571370673293744335868791633492268450482890329783462471218711903016708619390949407758233183647172103050542587791975330523548939
6895867004702083992837053115350359081392183348123057432804437516085126480426796559419343457573809103554769814374422319272987621
0493741336702343083547043049060106406621621423866156744878463280624931631638757753907480473151395705318815364246326098575320029
6546610394497897246218305493409122075422636049647756434404729742804710870898441487104017723846320578576625101570540009682146545
1011863982645118776769923031005075048502898177517353081584252680645039932448249490068383719149012492191034530578466311073324350
0940022141946663679361628444591959010381878575634668757912852707910261260983582304441366347012174417975464831931140858093450475
0648068206853955526969735294213923796512233785864528730934169006767896899020079186828212231303729771906306615698951701782896040
7705404267837637281673906483600597132329707232579985805240515664780686649377686946124141035632716982723408330472426681691722063
5719449931034079305356439666263973565128713593058013796099786122163872295053911196817120195135137786906005302955333296169099953
1565007759742421563846584208111412785562612780177121771600395311757381072903942514964351796547320888609281738762831301074727155
4840914538717807330571774867536594427640229999158918266573255879619306849868398528582717693006558964074770743956975947230605506
8434170706163547151705112191666162854461320116071520338539133193324696905732424568076770881016026396766250345270611437134977029
7078829392513262023910437193357139649522860536333445198136202621793588265321546711781743395796073320028953300954811115494631443
0358109781392845465184944557313417160881340633391419971812545527651450314512749202620144080637491419201752326439158460989691315
6502021443239860929638929077452949976769441697009577432157105021271893283919677666379901876413440307841861569738215346309784385
3775582600443257869423701993595504734055924868316007937741523410145241997102735147790121190918364977637486443176097526249923371
4637116062887697972788560169232687166734847960365006931173635513798426534363094553967229788862861423059133919581108100325100963
7530945856385218994386045042760138610248296085030904585153248074916348965900743636913197206787899808540051760130445456596005975
0082651589864980975976353455996961471089119847766125021188045871260940417581575204228376995886410553255809049908515562710519369
1760176651046607404619158827695196639809040360410321347276093208667279377323033464221881041272072298115933348047136279306992189
4449900653089574942697877619922022124081013931968320543380925350254859461377805018823478776678186127822712476112142520129506611
5360537273314488942383696459647239094488670283840872805432523968819547360255856276619301822761467290415157270983258323381158842
4069470180647648022724489031315390330623675246416531426538288357194889582860078070141817901349890459635960185352818352346101741
7844251807909360860529020528005655952345376045413861757127236316061244993838373872852044455049706576181912407467785016013363013
9052782242469623627138305243693885375972159761715793565717369599576257075617300500868041008633881912456191819467065232604757474
6257367548773919654525538912712606831341580701967173140576682703453195979358288347264315572356542410824096892368844905848969800
0225531033632269859821449136659749178099595609866207288912288428688139123199517309089785003185562015618879502978274246919977195
3412420395378666741269488926730591786905587902546167052955793049551854045851796515140844301739953615780488764468845360750173095
5314569125098157310473890637519564038989130593324658307078574903372187794019987998391252363359372204089006276213106238012887639
6663953749875926737127213800088216077686383881272422931892106536521390323291590624983492836817664288184016273391511477345251544
8638673096407867791116469531963581105938614830552680798696429006418115851082700139624263097469936097502648484256024821946642846
3261638416472717635495620507090713763983290274773473746283045337514051847664087913092670813304318998742601034170158553214610079
8880759198069479182867513797991706527425937623927208476182273090404608783390855357409578977746370113730628533384722500327769010
7964841863629197861004282115308229708980836184692237168958174288698996726561927516939282475998327300490824455643829853959878546
4078550144875137620442196894251820235783690433882002285566789090860837373159507997956136455505729693351610325429624900264497493
6050282912476085926950954499140111563620447106769829012752567207785593165136710295523078591701424407957863045561973215300362256
7166661176552788865443610475451627720514979209097163741564119254519710530732032781304320231265321064373366029789454524964576034
5731838949398822830420671258681703806386818639376155723888774861742977966282701086517327314375297715355669245126118723701881276
1224558805186365369295742263213010659311742471260411491616914473284160243356280450620150570408750609913288411042993040473195864
3965363040687291139829734658431286318462224708522925124414942719604612215357576250193871596416258769483377169469309016314582237
6893425774786606424591335564336597467021697313261577560777519605605111465025332099784940659090512446671447989183060023172745349
4463023117754025492704298169088346276715292811942385607520313996627188228077675005968319409041724080200894220147117291796736469
2838367610734769148543248796176416656292040941138404572575878998139182976355595776291061040689581132913463002164503763638521768
3585007037968899533646050958305472231296473689572926896126127396786068936357337467731293075452760614111507010520769025993887156
3025256134722351463444782906552873128386686368275305328178049328442606382059696387241124580313700815579068965097895955058791706
4888785355196252887855666442682481926655016587897905441501499624695729356509071382797002137717002280304447105900656692938689937
7373767636755443505506466024295128010399690845976961083809222125377563226037530095320414396885247587842781981216438439176626761
1467040097296217610154727986310524824930119662672041177376733844872215017687323322767179584613934704188382812120901100084067248
0055261010703792927114582278798343530536332871891286962151403775103518820096790537756954678439988840466572934380472009105374277
8745186553258777370952969850546252235196298235316976663904366268611878480055244838332857644576178557847556193922108941720480963
7310291886872239579954842039199219595404202222951474277713284211951970030467647252785199038918806323250107496561396165925992981
0269739665100112200470147709926216131752562563116766321854129961314938822821859829783043904077776487245854331065090150597583869
6022034598022521394602277250974332652859372516801989113143038045232940829875622476147452690929605127893923207935810728978176813
8336719184987758081413476270877983896287998313373933528191759149653154025750363065606417948489184358633308380877845477894994394
2211461131853873156810302948765499385999974459433061226146423964769287619911252503115962272972255899290410107199334224556606196
1402532784763926313823670409002705225482185592078872442217786835593632982577282903273472588503956076522785281354947952227775013
4429564170373891691353053299293858952840011672714332817264920331107567378250030393312486800497701640449816183190591793478209061
6696515680454660415306312055092012435204898424655900246268144415272389485588150485707845045690614308427142660270754614963190500
2858971388307084324374434247865554208042477256400063151868591675576690659860039137955754547923321131572573666015058716528677560
8082431519645786853787074095747644469767343409908775777981556502295146873300678603062293673505033125364497124824045616025095406
7796338540952910648733467788030865929612271961440794230689497348772551503718356824778119200166125356293580937006896521596909494
6623286777262305838866280436574493459341503722464731387299068764367690003490556552997864648359791608273875942027789979081747901
2820762823681177751588883983434913077317012385982082727245344446265775140411273692313089468167013918322825570599659499017461253
8261747834117161824733335000918969440857899686470868022119901936951959497914248555296472517607486195543086996762943719289544222
9801799673583374329577712601117604429044210658931033348348701101269055569381455391166077387776701104476767458640618577366620088
4812671524372167827325442166901095131227009588677251478248615586184246419258110774327904940522040756539440861199193515869861850
8664636186261176234317788607818904273283245654628256017166703040583397980518196864696741148650137946657712844496351414683354360
9233785042626900594870398424394786589093845861107111076865742457098507103631392813148996022790966610376381301013746723765671101
5599585345939628248728616861490756773613146232759270658252490655694524473642364799716984131253156192355158951050342077829511934
1018115413367504225955575347257464735373797464835594482025360169817251469418319729479090655145106287600720398462808509722342523
6277929810316831402715379663360019513470321307271888286707156176722601290897267704973159272389968049881611196311224142002818283
3935507653397356468132051961271044279593473480413318195705016813924079917284710536189206698836513833423232062305170527285530270
5930541214728728710514258849354991541204981028873011695299038161284051747700208580498162480391834623057628739847088944321070540
2131178112490366896971016249779880442716420462976316622931349965957507940779710818286842266030393060843328131735676772739856028
5339433698747921036431228649318038784378241814872129036313002907877189828316605458939009159662654429547906907634851960924867766
2725144295031618884966653121214453016640389429569724950019640175004023672074204183536974715285043574870846234625695507751624691
1101023040899658835128880208200979236233784480432079242348382094125974376887755928733596001730428491870299057160651502141598807
7529805201863368482438225714843876867695794742159176187308623091428831090441762886002331398279108448588579520003248961018841987
8520639531359520492110038481387012497220545183327686786319255787574425654228049283708164761318908288816634942299623177967850311
6808287068903794688768313922352685578188040716704660250946776133077382541811421559714303292759615754217647905753791800896114429
5661937959933192849164004778980526700005624355990312125795014118394734147334017327033918908976463421944496702296931260093163478
6866390898079223822127023182717821447021210719486206672090868302561371850042810557962915762631762160188811564644765871940463260
1983784957124576912722518060888269293020694751991232003856484645400501387457614453894654158242083061986108255912461168024044362
5023757063288290577909452112558045920010016969071712896564748738667312129264760935144195712725562634643903560619975222875598092
0140266427651227095088902077296483470532188392053269670883135265668245606745264278532552540957167938303029227319042084398428852
7212818706985477890259174108784143029357600406814727037979412733984989889987109358055090912357026404921211609781959966663957665
3885309358663398776897062600124335478996053317484403001725157655044282776168453835403175508740651996708988152698983678588345737
3549561496006579864153172902480324325137781423364931522958523431287424861594425297230970169266435951937028485126756644018421959
2100522734881499893473520957404272588614489603694208305341205355969403603944823313607027770883562580199458807047182736184431355
3558566826776678787162145637003470985297896846344237649664211727912542844807936273529611661291547660198761650362176216275159276
1697273051970401823436818435327916444246809126780823246257873146180484087471375537086616586114897794676638646530157453530809297
1877141731822379123458355749374949833686834219493808460922026220049948042459289931477172440353720942293259692771867444391010663
0596114677690135744062023310258035439858771664427542203238516588128327906442218908975480077474481540939986337760369812161668739
7140350695399428116941903267710113882542083290951701275369344655927910523637037185426739245384522097331905044898640671070017500
7453482207139204385313210256702640687353020750058344407280878423180101848431141829884177527114462939147014281506261604724365378
5747051408867537658614820169384534962462911220360124367460201651929905485919878430356918185750947336103425001412723806012420037
7672418158298677361496394053891368709542765466425399242228084774006250993472472890952527381058062695609973430135097018848485375
2721910797057123953879416244095325096151158592383520642643416351496904866623597785985406941433201519864328401275343395705908857
0642983563496035432630122777955167888076028823131047975325063367604577001605053104073667764503079932854743114362110563627584697
1737450520589955785122525243234607141022634008326290553045379074437558301788691892914015378729774742647378096844792864200227145
8049477947243449894011256046326611511617306926576503154750985615770186729781372043096871431456514521234719945343529143211616132
4060930164560164022219102032312173710730634459253495956116881900466752536260684001258460015562183214690371015163609148581576715
4339672054138260157605312889148304084301210593319661500758836115820325521753635857005220500312010112221791048318710925629489360
9098118884517110952549620567550824645268745886275953112452963794466205654973301959016969502644339312155829940467386423970146851
2030422710629305679756784568188030405053813130034967510951876362126306529129246017456183221963883892572064857246348841309902207
4014325197777088687588337561652558142332091500654763031260105487352116429628561906919380099545877339112314250562226830515084041
3366554959465306038343578751837494403196208574534790117389855546409717054044483042532146409499847066640874035730246190276785027
7784874865116514506998867941821004659533959527747303526874272093224628939120659783314979799979608075209344316698881835617720838
6440603777916554902557821762272317634207749152011454338456295029524399535728380230269435936275288518444494136138485427687743672
3697767429372731488197371169546304182440802429138205900920907076873491237616407487249087243231746614255961699354564621444166710
1737116215657118949418096366707426664676852506304031637797388892083081543972250240515279155087924413491083737598642466601038186
5943501997584026886556269657780895221836455524956899348998644491412008841758015117023754182242908647650511196372757530427844200
7126098691386230123347928604422159107062602585844839531380975985325229120484080904014468470157441597070403077589128617082084491
0277414078111008949169676840880976444791578133697866086476338429943906280786246925904505101785927908752510981120731146336711732
5011921703942318242688882518650473013576715256957336272842712546671709676486379489552317943731327342059730625728957322661925103
0879272542563908841343149899911945430473689164183260890378649854294324088836226655479509126988786763035689227450447066454969580
3635797692910230406460094517526461454920959082159212413377990917407487877377494660930246389887432321322711771671714018210018244
5496909568572645176488382324921312621177838539677336553279411765862833091060541060811106495286938550448561214644311877956532326
1372848285800862888898722477263959718622329488994306400315469392140836614515990231729283982778367781183582185203884353672168533
6002585963544294141850925971586001726265376264686412361898087738304610666926697454083310088708743790359728974336913706461189057
9544994601782264143680659072037087516325897282651078850550946582804440990613134903404213391711941451230258293606634693846961977
4294296739368718314807261871407488388139897913896057193551518458028526780686105950168593279489650803151515173510050942218207014
4440222769538547178501749374936219442687195706297985586916321673062155148432380676822216859833618467359812508595764374585042802
7090291929148830504311787542972555491835675686001439326827409601590115100758667523079283454747571560861565934370463671494879471
6306207613636744929606340131323412825985507087453258431275338612289333774848983021189785244607159387364635876091430264215902551
6978625947059991073203270373760209952614062079324674488242868605448441131389947105750784088354616643566884781392969415722350013
6876895254868693830649346298281314621651851243964761424180528331393082774872122268180557991527876049313013835528942921722633863
7994555257251266617368145187318488777925218911343096210380569645729516845387191015748935661281511118325824054860678678241487526
0561712487759666786219959935849355827031795611802441457990195006279656115907452353501575006228849649556626967066612451740817401
3065700444272921097020103095032561392189274167240364636985217260309148382438375007728649942200430100798750588348282135626863041
6418290958339960432209597429802884987767056126860829761197583897408153172039938420304452769552704862796110442336483929988890230
8411149220304441269312528476234638082926201849344380193272700895522547783655344727512614476846755120115181365390739989354909216
0361827006206843386504436443633849307138803846456656207910374387223474485947474439419270873842802147250905121223284959187002960
4561901942869500550331725452244098638243866570298342595884556094097612128702524209824571526031229091793929079092201659156014426
2569784663225002575851412395224946857021846888745089626571792624047307039913201999491767773809090290291368272189546699726924662
6874345054057523806453164208085928558404937408086499251394158950058605789150302667994062909598865360566447853006716951800116507
1806892347177795837940597487685027448543886249836281858785204813002880073746279096873385938335081449362375954555853598273582800
7280197984136582079744511307894765629896405494228558457447110951049222331477610433641974978714281803792968381573777298819652746
1797088044067027854938520030542484156979879022746379761147066454374087806486473993175758842146367406488679492927645706548068169
7653106688789014002295870215309142445613718219291306854675259348422471093504331308963443794325054200760084750801107789128152322
9003923022817082834921721240788410357242843286036977355497738812382673303415071169601837346379966066053060156517838544048108090
8927903196351477482460887787174517966173931425526452434853205934174795153124436599267973662874006233354646357728472499860554504
3649137050137288600334652169002894564926317935052375328874723351133720379648102007752831671041946276927861278960706248758820299
7881676548153486303936365019720006418330263108526672450012829414081940012783530554845066547004930367871816825750941800388750747
5617499751970255706526710234532717339068075364068621300856559435412791685014748892438638038434662792832126729610856601828058978
3609505162338640897172019393757051075698357002384746777463891780931828353562474692966266497051217520058712600221078906316845512
4218942164849049619324701770389240864171286359070468568203895572380950389773235867347931266228357895243861158024586703415416725
3286877811857113758575603255834974713137243819997694752214133530728139390482439967896436662426005413536915227299430206070281748
2197090522718698504657769582076344098155286933671656794750871593655253531647336100969432683359373204499872727545324036411875127
9266329520011965890398156813860326403682885444460637962832683571266360623432333340007962893574859386016733773045469648300215724
9360218780816808197711206028145267393233058010562551036732947883280144516446467977991400621686114194941533328336858706301853920
7975466727102526807928730597288066888928449183473417942716701022737828267407136547666947638756923213101355014521544864295487342
5529807372773853881156331115996145600478892095295063408262502214227819442322854320893250029815358897498644974831455098851752144
5217677466571168103885153319146030362086428120742099054171064034691470505077333070394007756131235288630142015715989289401952345
3238751872112411965525172279795754140090657968922574492232135102357083597107656178253770512768121887161690539858563177051498031
0621143235328817027584926551312004300826256116914067938452329926333908173348351478521275486940271058902772821984682443421901374
8675029994765542582556780936437230200725353322681947577235834861538086815882331325782379515826004655685444830286018743065534290
9009226484124905023296329465126310425464799999137557622919308471018246198151834136297559364600044830857980861753679005100073906
4026810600660421971978121050945152770853655639964897333811108395111596792046176724058242259398267547036042717629901672105588823
1701174760060091817941457573061071686086097383906657079983926029247083644956175901708832562604741667581501354921250883246878076
9360121868675405580012858168094642670756925814930958722345840360155035939830719501362830202256115680429221284715437831407183230
7627384360887381611002122676157337577850291681707758128451482725333215128574377639863228270429176470896652784523071172226399208
5924717495388805188609979501739528551778957144375491268555383034743525334962407264117945701829683575948250702090310348063964292
7285038571762987494406954123411340680613165769286304746181220668099890216085869650378284432589286853709759806525223094629118994
9108371459503424585162428035918267612861106220506440110173672498423384456764491877643881942033565719022603374698498258614890281
2119544835856779238923121210216240209691871364625727861760840643200609817224777039142791222829730821468075117365482012776292615
0287625006985324113383256843550124431381565006783532108722669073077586017057966762263289920449445173729525567088605286164318499
3802234646726929017573814267132203009806257343348973659561216577528599490870752429375293883854127262090614163544620710283467000
7574267833171812189998339587827378487203820258567218738257171370030553714438406356225807045913475052445364294909346459733645424
7057209974818106332836072380332490777736818456915022774135091028181738711236811811377666386715288877847647340595585098875240481
9197215476954479756497624010576859326493604058234153493216522641384431342823687635555610194191608220091909666730522341780147856
1119537820044774998504706322100346395055393450296026673688711639572331613882591716507869222690391102545737433635859812821586270
2028121903848368987212538442391618102128444213522329584551212886903253244685970973210284229639689302832127513289597893485709871
1139101840913818162477340055623563542434178020287614160741421605723686784042526943742745792272929328869556547712709877327596063
9107408768006237961652791681788083610784715577214377191666576416371990600318918309907846332307177843177765073709224406749447169
6733725726008450978073741092474719053157935773438091672305982444490248804288080650618594239161482780330596854243463318510550141
4618707611170337857871421415147893285747404164961249246066409955331826510336908541776726066361511390478520619795261534651528646
0029871423726184455790317017373341560382122160829511677232857909382425970016570928985722750518023888742942482674353399294113016
5851677764630543407742209257890179166834894877003624901201481696534056706522332095998210032002750686323425734736641298781343895
9906317458124808949504199178481097664951999312281141056844360268819241235749855328929404804574246937697891911753442746410513511
0301178939436270473741478421267690206733306236983147974561800903978683929049444127508643906957999471564453966363638317098479091
5695590670680910148994003236516725327853434675592633044599651978504490768012904279502213144296250305384458215615813612885360699
1739488113025246606429350291878905105006718514335177675021282668693092738324431010591942084632165356255063331639570681777622822
0452464599884896996261376953519588463160916217402746423924422154683861260191652961898971705302933158251417160490178433853439776
4496351983750730650624656965901956261109512227868877661440793378743454026849129576683511149685514643006637302234104714172349199
0650873766138283576167959756442091757660353703079228843249388294567585567331488037468607523624545996431350612623181744202876623
9217884841612782253645748182653936757610046223059439143748083525756745987386187135434504743166765496977544377259895573270803669
5233343431863155649799928568730055354198316775389815272387174921789883067246402571006054994197016258947251698092729387460016002
6222471188835586754619063338314127078684770466144889169048987130424673328124774962008878054843463980934491177848530073946295466
6092983987521059016788973113331515120050882840886284842856803861355854867424082016223127983920367739842939341557083529339357539
9152847423135593002663232861455632334026991039822394086654099188131348343461957860123922177650787602787823148319677335222779269
0688837540315420699495154888659745629289164825587079409113672585691726485783954257060693018031835646491154074592682796993759642
1560331745546205131052821650865965767504353088368099838110467887791087910699782310016063819056506494246788726522788847044002972
9843063757395851013539217226262322774482770252168515327930783086524549572291277963238718919614771432829552926078930464389873382
5165503350814374626462147517304790280393184056104578516266158383058163824599464967401146483647756651293496532192439439145458877
3334882919381143165661074051363092147447735703148534066554968559573383084492917940343234309775642206678952812922080261015609561
4150090892422827778476783958648862075260361082863595155851728025658354185826522324370827070485157038772970922137249416500335139
2270729610239360993359408455484013545432335012129825782822705159183112780581412024925958595707332590452541348227573704213342055
8812698543571227460191878467610741003808872140196791243938096775905061169632652370417102797369863591037024610630210903737953654
4650850571724314687005845773201562588529522607481288290365062000530992710204626283641702861862037299641210309359904939817933700
1541143632255817063903213640253364698002930217355939377060114361273809860644552941254027110592936933650281526566113066201345129
4904443218069061051090074486584977672087200091073688866301081198367118241651115030647481869824608967401802054144740280994709964
6714819600988123781424031251846423957142678675252652218273564424036686308763026328451858255344930462603371376203101104448466961
9509079835837547622180222314290215064732353288206452347849664411672496172109171750484558066698591320017336090478613367662057930
4411722606999341112288605914814611482715323396030160357274723566603030739104369997016486251468461541345322418772128759607222696
2948183785699572384084816055776039138878581148811752092336317365102276231176457487558011884744609026187961229782054619496985034
6425095624545385534119498681567553265889108179726785664829530547971892685921754372850536788921833807429343926950424016846919855
3908326069100657803588698889883675042505627231337237747168653314558267673583632726264839565017058848634863075879312565153073799
0321367266050720934662774520376532661682212427124263069420126600109509081952403933716651001460064949865799766176759028464538738
9741038058065551330442704073919666652946527397570055939551345839830820648016177629571594906346803356773604688620184511211636838
5025402557710775296650014515224591309232698067998266520271098024189399721692010614452489061642157793190304607388980065831660161
3865371756663396962706440110406172511579502225888432146828231479035598172810500698253040173626514931478221885791112009689705108
2972286823839979161832311952971045738890113686974537517223372452946515286365656547601871718080007574659696313592727664057554794
3671238913457833340723922452738592109309375009714705044237276003225833183922594035143870946960395880735557105535062577056078657
5639824224660978396027300014663032753936090244783494976851962014859592152013834741021570506331633866559318037963618148063022083
9565507482964988994686034476299289689477300610763650942914931588839058915298408270882723496065586551944274748829842524532900569
2950174215698554483745941905548644387438215825109435969023495189379067472134512077000118600012988374494816155364721054534508820
9518525904194943790633186346738672276318778362232864095452323156494968062204689793145701834333799109246633884847638921045253621
6777489268860937675801194897856962853781999286279373198884776447439334574892992495036091872659389999472183722596570197112840487
6940178173947556103657708676822035069381549630078448878860057242455764188710473335746627500154960475546070307022636234086868814
9329686102999304427635999138246997518586345169303923543680994865014159368545564362656579126189568984209672180187596509411904289
8400290546843033015441275084455799605870040808860666105081155326036596425585507607789010815662662324838353003534213828215099749
6262731155067666934829202231823905666280056341904107277513506385716411353609764416145090669300953084810469016331307248958077392
0982572667217714967858091868055542854621721843072461742877828288780619596753823464439165581485796328231801786913442847252641526
4848655976411335420584575046674979122655105315200347515565901735274063028061587092460808297171218521824980966675211293241764354
2938658446761945214970070404972488238286005305727629688975307477962234711112158327154676636619409638849544823620779316735831746
9233723105727772276287999774922758635916582468201648663126732610340191585232715185516172590941978497752196971596838962424314214
0715690795433694724565717518703035300373548926507910938888351542625042732566820561320308097626791527666632661894798286702091403
4964320219506572216963601199129841376254539941692757336784083929771858734782219556315822673159169808692321828354292775097642159
0335559611733921504268377474272853207366325430567729920137620204884173222566965027114331948190426982554186105784631841860371363
8033508558384267940900957170710292773682470738089554833769290979485707252598489360936633550982291403202103393568639544279214517
9104033203529399347159766145704434677301867369574628242547881760927798205454869510642633732888078982477565192220841911379788216
7987660031763621257245807669247102344394837687835695594169011679441270384265326170270019240149525684618010449694008041756350062
8151902440733357075969965129856431003770185569733670086864031515027203169324745948550070082363039150127359144961399154724592013
3790327961179853157835883754649149214290489479319422066362773172577179735157530589191336297098156970651227770438081844185734307
0727046673630137406560803707058042940068228879956058420026237531511228698088255979495039662974032046384364026969019919437568764
4204578688546460366354226690592321231974552743860907666913839079477111780605991648504857092410645662298682793993079551732419876
3756294405429570395559614676089322871628319405115443082409818445213875343993774082306018456892013141571878129826624772129903802
1915879655542608031603048228973067523323417771894628549592585367737979812887089684899398996853836990904295238545782994463736003
1862917064901509743356712523964887969381684280627429777002084722985720739317294453681605121270099743339673719320682461749376518
5235629358000506017419756442938714321316730985284287276160530781176188912088650998156658168743552720877268116184356043543445755
9443882656574676998601479646029201608533720364834332155558897088411735201080867283586900504743773546108777074700728937687647870
1677493272605889337983961765432999426943110889282768474699096119469883217687878946342929523139815961885455260346054616901453447
9942749715588817104901581207188857800673119328816832808571244811062495461360073125883981969697016073423707659358263862951164461
7589849154636259255662987558451236625196817855393407896633655975124730683842916268495164065502043203437031707489979618651602416
4877537573726160052953215845080536556910640218250727320033197474127755187683283945624270057808449225177808596236183681916214308
6307674309759482316304083895463219733480617515657742063182272951154632706337489064696789783685482205360435876431996285794642684
8643739931017169670588941204387320679922643218218094561807636190505893287798227669018730741719908408353128973453099243266062517
9595878873331613803340153742041195527735780444717553915355354609332848505998881213100337678158719821578770031967558080136888152
9826258075448305567391906666815695574763625260042694682673443923778013491658161518721464450500242508138338760627120693213553580
5553946281220024617384962807582191448987025563460515052097885240434443584003120884005027893320006209592895012188176773812824397
5351207991648894581591662853877103686069327469518295438143903554689747912914341445196157967066587607931175822601224101946313543
4718020971952950496510335972370616351651238578779144226177776993578212091520634237018822715136461197024637982739115303152147863
9502456279815158271330961578383078627663170821879138142148906444928946168505151984176109046790336568113096829851051335078064246
6953240969636903319954311768057533966261755313567448194782711138760563765547507739230406557393058730942539222575666804143511119
2069936646276438376676948110321617772893399556260252358509335079746651069969820285929369016951090713864814429938558082689945968
1521371174145731236232976467624651809029170086344894245707746268123154057519935873219521049882236870962226595226944947282873198
7819821085451992801895188229558460134173236266804505398682944828070031878272264470195089873005628963880175293100970223151449714
5581893838568192200692899357118035029378571475716773858918510887575125236858310172913692992079179964473799145336381338174573764
4769245956084317711076182507252518842194925936437279722455907758875435914157274173921143663890367325067229935879996805150485626
3134946076248319258593699700301770098983689499295660906642311982752703674969335911328913636983282731424392564971128071529792186
4653454953851844259383149899336223085116998954459207141602572224661191223836954928657358541085552778110770329785385935394034672
1848527104180913477755119395683294511819189869818050532796513348646616780772576901429766012659310230873210004958312011164035296
2958092156871189322732011639055425235756904126336215793291675441374713359747361020499385226744232860514052551561041374928704972
2212834863497329670476581032210400927271310708293108228424935554688407632484416285274174812931270321948680850009808218617859705
5759858970411718249018834966145654061840913712087092866138009251429104683711023685469060131756225674409696442152891897372343886
9744590632172501257249804338242668855862458498369585009073080663432870189779358421204658237236159348444067179731646552147785093
1487302286960634890703793800583916358993694233181958170067964772301899115902690629049952516027344747956086526751455372742400915
8338876525824289493587802849949027999302785007312125533604872964433845704867828931952315117389601715858805797176205231916978863
9771708561966315440823738672686475996359300091791133612159610896088743156170335643885163215910168604808694162494306049091846493
4260246980990607411798428730055796631495823134395302589335824515261468702425017396399121744052394058025204383900792732372609031
9971700068769073722960546542881880186840993544233005529300285659415785115249158554970710339057479784757811267863305208596232681
2366740530644754206054437467535946438364093779279894170145358386159026725061074970741778654202207224942319105808241561149108640
2131299570746273126264570482316141085118510380774029845237350007337531371596475771574171940133305454244596824947855809667756017
5149174518393308544163272712602730988826876495407743839625377436405836969824290538418225557277170446225596736304939253815552458
4121823510749511107366436348094783330267428964699228112245771169272372131739184081655990835742337126629817378548166241761588650
7681892302838328396599913751062470874471102029977403036886581893796472818466025775981658918091981433719370508505357431231485600
4066251794397726082230815863792863498887502338665772599923859722198014368910671442996024261604600584351270667582157099044750647
2453319243126941865196218141928398513931210505017908632678271906294188175528244273588712226403525451579574075491526959814201424
2165992720884571403675858895697135732268260556618466022757708781513389984131289376166641651464163701439701648503883511692095752
0809953098069693344801057772787094818934098518685172639722513866511171301116371082267224802273430384579466957516125344869179896
5481982401939122614289521472353637017126771394148320518526784723238206085981641590886685015768028048372274104457267692145673344
2306442226244080959840391166046824665212018683995806330612693877379188175903847065416666586796553782166003940513860649019698449
7839622245401117642004314710277578314230150041129278793586315748881510113272583096733556513373523207978534603403670731996254473
8688617881383905361473235374450468814839809922748795968256897565635364988983320676159901781893744135189821124712699202769736139
4654535121453878305432208653573696687720659331945282280482164376466643366264403854440410004602377849435849425047260830549050573
5901354141130553186089991532215523080159611047438619487077531580624462005235622602720033994742060589665151566143947383285531360
4404189049080879563477017517544794830939312853525609682809863259313640891722874703005379977055110211171023836236430564193209703
7229494566794585131912570254848123871703487763830158261455284479338860024826943524410960337002804517176829321597236274083343832
3895863444104818475102160062282466733057017625695711453552783055209411033854956586687106898952724582542873871156820426292736090
8900114835631317986947314833806014993742344316565623294563018259706162592235301529753004421871816938486470617127313453996556895
0571759514976034692556387423658377978720336611483511537576020419517170544073326612329641870061597096528288442406290336718658618
5351965547349291678130305501394296379111242594063885471825143788366715324130022316640730177505334429253870301505302005277723169
3916717817342560503418340716556896773392571317597234277462755462162266315055085507027881148045053452399408688937434362014420860
1395787899840181514485743703752177228078579014380638280483962491760489212783979634460850686798659390084425828810746413759168217
2135670387347630269927889910568863392759999570308499518950101510541542088393000686133918165399672601047703855590903413630319231
5402756885639965603367270976348755948712799599490635951531639604227412641095043036804481527401401591963544493042050777198305908
8529853370862945970036024025436607369800687358272778049961830381455619066198750162208786259673987188349784621840620855238037708
0287160171661419657676846666977667625410411272514035315874978763125830094141664498713238305106795904657260444752711842879767089
2429466318667908141926838367968922957966923427083942277132655834855250930739506120606993470384477050842837546690187842884625651
0859078343456062742869073421013869747003592646292364644445549193378529859368317830004107789688729965524376290149979489394466571
8035239664854439337661491633430612363668270550373199092404545748888325504908156365529288450637845828980854077097067322982777549
3141023341289995552305686646515529412648513395018325323202158482204644747543553961230472458295893311161675174437937559470576749
0847147233703839410907356117466248368234947493218430919253855840473886381053247491509943700747999091387943188137392889875056078
9027561924408681103294230082697546064172946790782404069187548612190839473120786175725940158419889526634026805571973842865999326
0264435567708660940819192568711718952454625290701063992984178907184987617554072919582117061061638475508286749372288750484810591
3758876219081855315432362136232140221117526750802434000370402808679995451358803624973049460963970344708478212627401394392324314
0737438132749076462394577606428117744360361527711020670066707010174337101948368515240770186600234895342764130573542724774509423
9073624026312594849755836859839861773390790206872160912057185754009883091290659157623485315161215679742322663821620022079418138
9512292856680689427009039672717710424584681275009917377139164236516131951125126982668253717705356666975977684408510117347264524
1614244135791303269397434529358056292497647554306953362312956458703923199969180084694524758403500654442416064508250070732846804
2519174085201627296034372830011366838603028175377849633378995386798621551863828217907888881997187873208215147973680227021049086
1003834843003895903348617625671797354229539053440753237068065646834526921585552402882071062806329627104734866652786788079565348
9629790405359972301542148043545627855421437234097522244411526361848299030888697549739412058687417924390455152178947938956747613
1220334555078453153775416863741025226449115088431256895031662080047877074330240958104951191074477627437218425259277775462127879
5330046177874455391020429152325102772616525806909792370732670726443060748075990477694277944732782581654693994482617923050984272
3673634429035216620140695806733909073383802026068407079504394523147664262305135669486209989893714484828370038683949845972371071
3708115456116104837959577481370904415573625213784335620684326306607428751455492651914598239687297810388689807875911114963544682
6275078866641136241403805509431449819259498303907303571719921144438991991012377399643498948247855847742996423485083104296357966
4819771171509939007698439213480827086866218725106376148904562704537146213203839362150271333692094168029380425896012121918182027
2363813324380838896838697582331955348538206296702138518105826516120031079298034769024454364560040544650658193748994518844922761
3584004325313624962617797426518359904557846265454464840046448902633251444504148633006804302389871871448461320891471777760471406
7015140209188781023966520963877943044151556490498938297548114159848752913311985584190436463500622710986698476383835553548754022
1839528400463687701674829536257273749291910270980698644016289075485436646251865330303505791679775487148849253452040305315948402
3145765566550173415234672570838174821210069239627979798684879235063388281638855085067234894023172727303768990495108093511731814
1483336663514861984292197260930161194717688304395281475857151745194230301582456092278030099203677396095385627051965960418965869
2854504524032911241727059077016541586716790096641727786446371669834231656716324311341476302384390592511402123780357675520817756
1896892000036214095213174483595939108751482199845439848320000109938495152786801921343185996467957081886861283697079441114823751
1013835470696140967938560803552257866025556771879993212750495494783316985507407134125075415195171213975980403552113090097922014
7515529295471634503543767654884408021479006972212507337901526368761975637401627838535557010674676502841359449244736451534979277
6386148785910089568558317754358991974549956833481352102962872492406026696207774586778061183616357702706148878186924821100084521
0786007793408177523760641643227040330556706874975301831960943949711205745890553620154847773954039608277686547389729917607939287
6601065186724585869718286730900507361468222773067014813540248318802263981782312642062065066278538284353552795463948608367617264
8710458632884006689061619016115234211820116439477889276589203755014121466655765492211482958675286327074722685854832241409593748
9721061962175462432000129864627652688757814948302475172688435098625740068901878583888711851475071264973226898929358873311316683
4174366427344989068552152924708427538956427143878190827546384412926545762544478791156448578168011030464548344644597978114749995
7360922452061081711320164728509310349083463549987726136205083770590452623618881507969241810844776231293351721107321616807591790
2550845118266461695500217220306235111000226441822451555820123914245682646337932826709632824811050296875427929721177340139400066
0537242786569134793043366211458572528023713869510543400208763370329672141795438795279424345734151680580842314157723144187850297
3691971167907808375655388036762185591921761050859435693988855587355710680373549562866421201047569372572737260475884900803372055
1007691946206878968978529598838997374929069152901229662680626003917658157134099448777326028788327501120348629153653344792265032
6789665338488546383152814125714262232923477122140534949024472459646083579525928155625268840134301323030935772657800235228310313
4868298684968408834649240926318299142611007662477773878693177513443928825272512719998804017438032952107625783388477428012876908
4309202213419885445857524725380221565049288409243087159437144931986513177158450201360308556789291053726105045930369784581421376
4918602058560708246713982614793257938660065153424340512931090185661823200932451770267967499779255156975310512692435013776152000
1110183674703280644653992907629380068789930715341891132020648458097673681456412608084277373854376969813158591776142390000280900
0445144418946628205657456424237128264942955311965086380583598212294732021966933151948426543613378750502788733253601313302851775
2374366628960975291734051077636704217339955444337088817734748627762386830985963672836557693273405067738105684469127912825361938
2027506449534260776940737096467772483868296281393345078755987162674894542324936567113913899614190563606092238595769318736510014
4601609459626193748838141934701193459914056226332390088463312165368986927729066528661188656389710831973546586554245180984726395
8820641417137341791284188339243013012221967809583302454529489453970560570507033795822714618813232104921926392983794422966946716
0917599289793082450351085959141123440985146982836878988204562375158569611940037966919396385952791842444219407364739497415459949
9477416265026706394163032606799526520617258416558453349947010427060666346412817629143427886670549081801335758913070396959720115
0666704035859146354165211453275694040361967505403921624893044875089069215309652369723945012113209887458307287755360555234673115
0255440161315757825615697585801039525106439960924827488627325282298838888854341592966844608858745754258454784788330547612148950
0874980077738428750262349348089941932765130462263947980854368723919615602845763694707934084120416138718231554631967803081258409
8981164868907222146030105839525610946849494940635627162577865021292617220051659027789888586435753051650333546661672096178778980
2620946901150871449077949420947077759285135192780733116251997439655441528374111538899479815498280668657556929167956071921060805
9030260608320606358567118378046750979991657572292125217943471649264668431650823749458443029769965695844134676138947512285494656
7911546964476705302214543959264572361084543166660831362636246720337948370592526588629297565497381903059061404007654352003582699
8922075574627020723499343655693848239182605712427393497956424335482790840429881008002039906918138130808630673506435738463196394
1030007563952008786387120762737476786971644512140825923263748032598127575949995761019498818566016398257609354069772389656925099
4044422726596923902940860834745051450250943536191821985629944194928632102239101274072099618807513448554296724965250996986364924
2354577685813636309146827729776859816069210424412883327405297035176569137490665953223528983078628177275666747947529655966331575
5477299131598928984485290428357889109417137134680518227595002407302611193611761790018230013945563583265000510580955975339191446
1619521324601562573756521193045609645344126519940152032470378539517720502293336186421186366939997498341179560168270447355950110
4230306307869293075421899272149696843537151044956328729562855283491975528896006550623263787552206307775364239158496535813468780
1611641802461249957884380478543784809385839965522996094364642447223105495756896318541934272292804367584843894271046287233761298
1709756805199283313621618096481348781674012787506990084789188511001769795898381723775624988249883268986469361054705514036409475
4042054305280705588082843156563390558519428096353822906407664058875561059644605482196547535261726903242582076817607377960964154
4253860999746516433043460107715275174182573491654972680242324213294530205657678192111601960601634649905585928529798955700154076
6676179068384501343541631038132044675296273720164020679619589492139981245074167783663095317254579357724910508792547067262588017
6293884180622784793929874980896521285454501177558249542530377203281315652064795385736617567836645686619617679168909645709168097
7743521550856066318163410468235782415369091035062393314878499152138458241235674642599783367386177248502506902767835896501146443
0483794093371674252980588779386498050198274197464907995529503130294921702208337296889908183028360175355797035085155032755797134
7360019231801705667141478490298073274830800662389220682649304818227754575701335947775670426238672520023046096705399683924718657
1560373958818879850684156471739380073353650802319300382801718291634025935869130174150899754981641558303334317282125650661935271
5092493350585336373714086054348812631829949972662091014907535609939068169965945723736778889287001972766703372105697934518100296
4734257102525392916687039288087104774233931626636454683584533774360103845888157407165794111547584642769928525653912147278806542
8822290823497972283964354496248019949369662678090787983018405519062148805449317563743875081526769207312318307346979280704726453
8280283626279949899078861531461602097441638970306234787225062938541682486544091938804453769368426982357391305981842832099966845
2217356720554468128605404764499852161966456502338368106620715847133295711653095826628517163144372167241765382757784888551945323
3293984824292108860635484259719926152739335450946748798660592468126259449417195090268999500256639254414418461654750409028017288
1675306289991237206693384004427250238261655808453706438418460194044272886240166511333039026240609926117492662156547022216935277
3798683710262055280473341604637975853707715733359848491914615475081846941708688479067522988710484836724298291195075742855018190
4581874216800089134728449476207100847781237572690983431502108191722970308605570690039979318708286697553630513952137757229594209
9413803628857147469961583711007745023208883952507321209502032469098964348049914806057645578293300641835023243516073565578336233
3421265017714445796604621284137835957308268098924387669789495349357687107880833828961898545436375036341306978848338980923182467
9343222636188028392447876071807038373006670961664292112334770077234449906744690005047749541517081971030139237186089097495754677
3197112368581263984569948101844452284212008325999133835851189833940770803601768180655910037983634430639371254776873860967944989
7762428156063656052457140048976461668407455298961839410706956245596539166362271685772723545123147978715000469199290892122691240
4878440976953031234401260269958754462435834653516282136155912652234992770322924693740152133726104201502258366755195941397981349
5410566039278422394352444668313290032035427902945347706947962717669034134093986739640503933965401015646443482046077453432046184
4739388878693555231586220110918786353416678121114400297535390976972658914130824675010539898056712966138526147925359029678913230
5886358316255011245098615464017615182438190446564591019394412368509357681569397482568515821423340665852760995420364289038278484
6311541503127681976206070117236931568310981280275285971795790489631417369196648946460067342315632515195328396495936094906795027
8224055001487992245066819015245704964683485501844381492046566836373072408682020849321689488337660828971885175876650163928646965
0254578793821590283140178222280457619069765363934967602749676534057099985483967828656474230988014165618526645571684624945648693
0109665916508637725280874977575865530242997110923401414431409335639376452646452851515568924163798404754643876369338378812431753
1218315801760060263870530314784967603071899867258461326183988209146000243519324558810891158838383484826158948667409186010480817
7903203377696988414945216232421892536173370183150633896237853253925354364816894136252089105545529048726749085139508534886223860
8148078797101770523716078377874332667044042558325146665083596936734559299430024125955358519934955785765198216278595449870598677
1116539363983086722722201448783346777178486858969772190694450961667734803002682120934093453206868817575132463247817949468716367
1637275206589839665316460804048412011573846372603155744795091025936193454883889805228527990919468358500076576823231506244498699
0027621847956067398935694606560509614067216464874695482321462823676120479915649013012054108931749591716879497574932046754706928
4550965358813639986179681154209780873107404530149950214180601478806568724333935291072801881538682786052141302073521529721130768
1636835808005913985865949033373364692120504151732972595493618693947796782831116462924175961942781719381911750675622713009187832
8144555119970713260660826605512619993205968791014438812251863090080817574324870955751027471809521051989383021792494139844493682
1585931821612292754292414253292528827165768965683611240737666722015320896218326640019860760530517054982970340862863680710846055
6536681595996347954437568694119184759342070677456835801973881107420392523103849305532249049602562479138323295711575175876515640
3486443061013741439479986438866229511864021882422370923187276377158037668029544320414759066219016776345013936686773434186071692
8652668214037751054395752355562459984977103091936105931037362668574357365575540736744748684242434859190554622399068882473374610
8580093375714553964201167764812992676992679093090175449230495342109288752328986692009639151993677096258635370756684860954291469
9964866699458956436463452444822527184213143978744043079921280767307287341419726065990023057954791661193301961189038570454182768
5099791381798674690627429376704901489902412978407791536768610182213492340739402802196624950327768967894658802241237435134810216
2644824029820305111520479567245295948221720974051912855629977767969256584700072624737697630748957013069006968156707232150642177
4694014156265815259320275858444952794733981468869946419687206201356067556770447737925027827372686022309398793525531551762030508
0692322520193661664579545021783669513925271024381519716157761278129858733071273401229450196329877841294994307214799190419756421
2529925924690763185785959066401191385349387731434107358942442763904987402826148766868356311114428295259838898928666272489020921
2079494677073945124622995106365273958525412410850501502163733379133554803716983972906533166904636077433873959124786425510691812
5600448283577862312179623155268824754692832396408303848264207707120544301021495705368104362648456117090809527815889327217546635
2343977389207774815138566905589371213682572216665369482458860895527700507201800331270809726620829481769123927780354816652809008
3857604203317914309286408408516621032904248756858927009945259813983765983907916658284682954733130678932128039594166445571290526
7783506576165023166951251072092917407173251744876214934915430447355544209919802690055207660666887916247859978935839016078615261
7480703460843227445195199879222716960672528809567298037159358077924188280933697924269515298429095424116709060884750185401083226
8717064476124069485152260308142874514219920880901182710267169211713742088964956637523570820108183570127357202528608391772392065
0183762641286324428853776063863402233453633712505217167155150999046272831538702513532943824820006210590058738974696140094824531
9112496681140545311761452054846654072950289614507391281868179377997604366151409215985425553727631766796511079991043874131555557
4848466672408480575274846878733482332783913190570793476048801496992752228173129813319287139570412963303092066006377899503587208
2004264846825219154033402067536124920004600149381068226608766267724446119288301005499297409144197426544971420258082942394022997
0140320078386067723015618497818762945156815014583969278200840575341177014900417018827299383394638626203285185921061940008032865
5962478195492396384491797383201234602669716423445444477699550016949258636112731978273213688262995924599283114955724957765374843
8311990015515249068920407871121923281094596878515199867380540740586492915851905851867276732161963585489156521545932776243150499
4592710682075197276504754152068206668838563346968654451648904363538719952128821973082368544846718432978965867108316589932428817
3552163482893373255049569753046229304178905562057146740570805257427023711941189943044300807285165026750415508222049580394911287
4596021173135544782173915901528349195173147664807647330846216356295629295015969380040305219923049284417801673254103299322068397
3943524404368165203936926893260166313850279802117822440456770151714171409778904837544726372346574716859663114202887576413543801
2969116285326615235890680734637608834483184611588075027596448992877129841445196831709848480423954210927050978003235143506132046
0153071245386120635128957595884412738484038627307517440237760302728984006580096280602129668935036883924996553872412205753013658
5621357475787817996023091217050008449865559719579810787563038126520104376758261418798236153692393962370203265309058313384060120
5031974571476436448786217419749048851015183003367752606459920605017140928435866977820091890996541266633748940714886983142086133
4562696779266374687250665129144508120768763103068669726719903362264420017240549417302081941962780048493798236161080017811934325
4744441027688831600256636793504579543928756869184371127623452884135869811364793667736493944686083992892480103958881983194171487
3993112528998853349337977120649249691278774025202103634228484270608254195748299845801769708524194520077695532568068092195962254
2329576931503118880223192095103946522402558163495818627264589763485690044385772668639064805859345298816707780560479994433943363
3218849814933855133187785331003935806771232881004238706522431511966088657254108552621744793383328388740747036182217129765309790
7924052825089429554499360417535494167874442982520963688982831955472793462543386236218475310833559387701937594241052466519691317
3120730387098471204669336934308519377296835486747153400369971745719675185172869103202802955453713945706425356726081359191431362
5436861304614177525957519069526164638577548380287496823470807113570761415650401959363470580496567502232543408020661206474053266
3120249944908567907826123413136257067078494146549111473184473022022655595636232845880738387277254397911665634549126629364411401
4035843002062617386757564723259476788690970258752656414372739557004284974159497458955655696811845766981760932359601002427208626
0779143969819344348002577455948300927630939121921547040685880544649850641595729872650264658050333293212488609440422250520307515
1460705203029148369614787086632962281691805758071437499284040866802949156450922963941143029043912074471289441815938231327288667
1549240739672667607945860219999638499322190035348564953406860715951588472937396572245559080251322668950418605324345241657646723
6681600989234088565629106267156100053645378516406056877177467623317919074902879430656553383602319342476881970725454244483233156
0192568263169645194866570376494013537343370202553601755904593727729559768993904298684689230055250228064310566719259142616384584
2226698070135175270997371657677443976168753242911675302780266617573092075405498205119010526964247236701457645067756244640039560
2411523124866541301070099168413071292074360672744530325093983003307829914552999628543032410966968534244029432252498124255869721
2032148958117324274615176859919802414958436537913396718375158773684001583339324493639015775574550405787223527127839505198335838
7873829779466960857655228261450384972633464601331098096364008012962199690499598210503782863578580915221775299630382906076523471
1033617798236208613493443460691499481184470043787180389655899698166528830636916915480716417683921961582857940369278335021557721
3570877773431086041166388678403654768190776468384892784896107473099172280071916265352211077124176187206981633533447143541466428
9162337956051462461244081308639454192982414597589520706270659960902459420484545944118766172576927213645046647438580806130370976
1679386001024741318115842266812215689927333532837813069949968390429571894735964678235628716093113797167330012932695772923859921
8804168783787089493714870963570663419696958001331927763315516123670935571014222651056237882407840332672169785104960709919825245
0497455776366854139775882322268590872937081090128717394425875756408043314452495438785765312873239203328867278937236653265323056
6042409906538241575209979144212026252259767618647784026916367882392586982801406891358315499203056053321982052638011533498889270
5665573721287635790869699668106163302621832934471963587290594671222971786422361537494624465628017639194877871599798228379718225
7432584741479817366719910925645646541846360875945358928938495570674893693392242341873215005147647843928108951666723535877703443
9626429137239096178611195842928172193314671253797016055524388530347610194243157336306488458466944807366840872517364192307199510
8872554743012955139567705170988677634651238832225827058388116110755496007697973600003490415480515644505946637930188314840631970
3992491991103767989877164315291928453885661238942961179632807297112992978760631966972677658662459086278724019257889314597469958
6669007755891601840756776309575869340114031142955328946684465711503263349456097268207290469828978418533272473362080110971119500
8033630970428066315841260643530102154382783569132687157611513276699429626479061706898110708339849619210276811595853043955446869
9768070537230217029438684537825935225327148348372819431279340284261370618005491965480298943126300044774337991256135794900355667
3657498279192720768668603975934793465689868735015232170607621866439453389115795388712792645934981304662545764256708338815562273
4841652997648921227154354900004136760485517640549167386012657306424618486993618255961405066483542868908453734101505226047480448
4390654153631921147807124887078770782524389315313338172327932505555766712042126014521672948387933863420403298182271156860089870
3083699675349781049946715849913203260143681249018875435801318149856990157414011015651215483550403032096067120964528627647289771
8136660832504574374548878451558509361941048418373428464399511971079202695299106137651197289051575362091446283996841312766684810
3676236989934685487277460614965631287879882167402767160319121856718994264197563392677953816932994293095294646864998371569945650
3049112960977618674809680978004704430920799039334511606915199457270782728770389854739859266964607398443304578468934206463864162
4020319901840360451062762075624924661391286802372025413278593393390727656336661248466535685907382226627976102440776444559861524
0166268182450996578449973258577137477283861283683233635300267518223499975003192269667287508860009509128730943175015750710725727
1027094337033962463834235326303117245639527702316027545974140882034976571260270032549979726479017186330571896766878727628563084
3735720519280562035416027535373646170800608954405500868661244053278717672230128154298018261865339340499855937060742071802179228
4620909442780453001381207438741771581539126274686674694429903202199824281873555557550181182902700089108021432193493732079872184
9458342180011256500005493355500078007350011604607303307732963471459637499551951642174991940916434214889720629725398539493831562
1757418742866953045608344774690257090125548479597625280633090790836185148048976878560947512134108931123436802430288121604450838
3439908217353866705662826605127180864607977834354266960510252404933627640585873170058624018410480482791416937234522273135497031
2172788248827330880258621512418568877495834091216163584166603056260778255791670347944634914745463656259805211952460022859276063
7062821874356395565274839950114991325558841496177484931811683058289009845398038339874364587482418953564120109998982642304471400
3698346712015383293895452263862425925615594845734737899372976339855075694671913339207356770288208509103055437248670557197975416
5731723926926739876475885511154531945948200793682997616742493659519964588297814245753251250515716831733713917292045440536017047
2326213034490494256432217527368652272393723129996987975280491971552239548286262875444742346718137588580994530639159848308302488
9664053981063208567695237243202681506536792559295775868533828506782791916794818915656227027388965683683700700077078525885858163
5667625010472277345606381058073451841188387271842197689932469281333817846476853011214737420944488058943262260113307982047560323
0376867635943376210756229949512175221086640268169558374511241311647850185329038766762763270981601390818540680562189733654333764
4491518223112590691196826611428935302844272864063278173063473168207705976253698032183297470010465109985370388667131449602003018
8802699827748011182168113988637297474486522040228085650948530427329245143454181410142916723537434758973564869412497956238710891
0653015424586307910784932154517633495234468902775642895621562573878654050393509111804824221865060266482583193591594511748836623
4094703884414114132180304529532880233548615595688135936066808466092184620343793991343848249436804401054149903884653644876865628
2718370374189505315521628763517179672356494682994180239553818915110898807872150301279550476267769560111595428023012737770277809
0983429088572418894311039932871928790123994971756838750348015397853262244219489154464202472581023076365814977799205726076421849
2244581657719291754700709306659618001196719303854922152332583798578459941542447742263613733064435246505660395020395510382351759
2371191845917148718985406337649548363315059193935226677398831831786300690640380203874437098924585872141781137278459673035181084
6868095538827304671263059227883616117642085424440799227282508929248920781388666797060697845611588551792908329555898460456707821
1192043306305230972108032344493739345654505538181410336224627870081996078504793311999388842368948858806146981869977786056189228
1263564157432629856155576816827336520937607635620996781728277895852539790604285849253279394716497232033008275892868545867382681
2337190119883945387644191032300914026172189976929618448527119917727894462635110227775485639758673866947701176216601761844984677
1541725580846818676211322948610609824222332361334426723507920844056410476870968277509960759021044456134551342168799278225221031
5808026746515835625867232790523509089624770846326913802756163972740615072842822135746471264238978131846218179577994033108366459
7209194492748333961784669338759539252535168061991620450390411453076684475148292681430958283119646863377618784660018401847206388
8164592842234101218973444204368622348477154717654721601252474279965258123105673927507866232148031414671644959483263113289777725
9536506697075295060127905565119738004002490249111193299408907722018709064690369235720344207608369516256550493184611556526526774
4560017960261564009218990204461419858845480963206874732488142599183336196461705771053123771553268404282868440226650446328616213
0784979620602852570679351917990832385632423349482355239911158425540111723754138128518596135522138872178079847769857439148437200
3065506422221326046922349934844525141835749289303921189806839691414799095653902814723672937020068076690809012734952484971091424
7531639556490305149862508189711238391327019426642515502558468392326082589336113833462268524671249515158066960751008937821736410
6252414527138677204351141055246475557495876614593229376289610072418141564580640343324426668169327302426458833085549654617933468
8091658367794443766667336494599463493723421496560610375457662742614878721712215614199388402972271203457264117746009414601292472
4908066830822438120188614160836549308604180994779262747990121233555704249867768081188552478880193430879502515548138613493765732
5079293880539371206967935767115987717076965982796395512686484284292191272158775216705810765026584234552773076439527278292069704
5164216628992440501162199298685532131413675395537593848742057924552014924010292705113677909421661221880801679108009584398377793
4121418969859257717214261444608216079650826208617995799712962734646420115576080668425510442736110574190180643945326397724337600
9884581544962427545759780318699856274991305713483502351242287264905051143111943618139482715140793163760250713362251924403750737
5001181429052612807248790060512136898354370778167327719757330132811615985502470639866207141577372460429670627788129417134404406
6178770653157619944192283152223652702640541977712224400210339303510432403323032560310805508239002669348396267104479169736023331
1565506146888751623012576320991779119855864177643274705087893960131150916233068282254723459661688282729513190349028463435804527
6845488200397241399013882436401994250911820745822241059508913459645459567274421896167243282273985655453126249904632199335837792
6040683797579452107027216845343063524780614029426886935760791257030864245182939630838108471908303610357161096840181118609152193
5867358422344899058837359139467062379239965703229659786120062948805736192330007221916713426793575162507137089954539396331620247
9120519760679588392286105798236021559061854045122019266108300186277736886734969411204978788065566311792204801446141473355188648
9729762487738362702158800023376627553944314549674371461896299198497056817939283617350417487984379973531521250384859390378780952
5278728682099899168824382639886768910340224230494671557124611921288793461227571446099109231672351187529971910075105296077357641
1730149007222759960804235202582288759192771252526372328644840575023003569331571124411309306137954892577214909905859437364845514
6359722384817229880817656694157685568966235098606153131789136445509767178564237103959982917552413501317717319150118113725281168
8331881891680259180368288807257087972744816443005083134263401722243486734946708091896751081947017218318643507133088446490502898
1564672123742228001093857696640500357335628593848961899541997547484403147074041514838330205353223636545525633021798226061157975
7577934224848992516208537526305362086756191009198436224096722971843979917310448903629548517759776409320845391838217575441202030
5842023675100545856824292093806577194777854067803726567456782139496624136800515010149246416535077787552986449619329516458032493
0373167808153255052885634740314278397690578953752487856466779556596486994777425942109945709709335720717497273570846620327341193
5952530704523306889233492671665454303269886039975987299656234612350738474857467451882170147036566336312226535534145167519693735
9607859559588540690534618223279700864577721437927651039992456828233467681820892987538385235563873550538138831743319323285816092
1624406727909111147099641441681559414299104318980440722709754783222151032344202663364762643657625463452804121615256537142718557
4340315496406729909696728430969897055002939519672286841554008064322610667892226345008617230358420658804502966997298469146129669
0210625023915241926959138868143886129423564883883556915150345946486026490910420790564346970440390087533686122782420012907572301
4721491005031549006749404748103949153294842924575427991607317267682247725581223721840333859898813958860082395329629494670433269
8089333321693829301610669436388430107322213493559809633043551047784093889175488034859221042528763690657356439399119706918708269
0081737607011167672164816311361636636595718748621290008823635691873373600228901339494989909273621908199424676593460415730887285
4160520455923507310701763781457568843470746581847988497318956296776248312754405407533119008905656107514741346097573287623338123
5386718227154603611476662828982111704301478482540378612558078862521675877095588029121004214011721936617184276464093409939658461
1979208081789258362592059412017416272899419903367802069424612928998858612300695288310086571610845555893261171864325093713786916
7319139333841813731995304531194319105663469219744020376897814143833856662869242932535917521586466923358318419175396557400347006
5043921771833079685531325825310432807800223715751775658072562091646020835717475241682115604301178255769370561929846716138929898
5795009540103191080406839616053879828656176434583781287476876321448232920090228345539065457933826027880057345811966575002039185
8576153060956850521311077608763009793771506275720974549550420722202837108735329754654396372138014747847396055096136010954168085
0509043015950572569270166347532451603412568949379675617083809175396443490772874366901432037667793377607725671409709046037414839
5757807520296047868933446233650750653295440658940733452331643306076758589809542688132352958487696630197185077693771148210415488
3493366273573202706880963127674882710949035853748406509260478202136097703296547394474710548706092731416204930859887260446245253
1707539941222225775800658254639655291940922607284340086831234164821348634212665200587884346716985605251686416602230060503804746
7119373075229566064030462457605177717171013246215489918839015056056006164706313041702800263980277171617607329962257981016326162
6663813052725497188713444974040320318581428866821251405183260930030389032259911879414867761739508256774997369921307923003380224
8543233997255243697045277479565692227756699494957952164631865806868110331658332715068585534381871375140656787606232565908699795
1127161017080656837915924804407883971278108801828959672411183897706979458144168384325785293840525608900932906069101189576035960
7746884054099676741518894156142307630763897600710799726835033615686726465390861737711082117067758069961050536090277623500309130
5637631551447663652036022243883777403508274485804348060822361386569981574710776219228289288499523332852532323527986372935987772
4799128874055082677319044677884361786887526377254867769810507962743180135340211433750487850964619355570684078365963703331785531
0073682589254914802156389462761084682583678912826358978335933715271645287806405047356166648799977142475160038979372628423949010
5037559719886724670132444119093240447382541873564218599313650731701908225623880448841585926824993839038111972019595929993742491
3846935441857871521862191302228658206156991884533871767438656661539104499878809823997230034119838267962065754111334791148146756
1506245754838722163589450414720903186576980445131544657545019758753225527419416112605350003805887953770147934624442363883801265
7711965724693431682894274811945992120534708309601562503539815868676726704850890815034768784240539682384600476706665486329906626
5956050270087533659778978762952993742209890928275529257391035690977242967921950083594415755279086778292240063613624273000623384
5061387982251874414971585573609892535056862802605728035065909921406395624271235709374930413322182966464210152496167481038893673
7793264955081367428964822852138933334974506780923885826935088471472828950440677885279984646325294353993045156334916727728658382
1917731844388737433964393775321834810791126648863902100900130682254900663770885502300591056044829585219310561565900983432788348
3993621103753371559559083065225969001381490024230870158740460349214225265354617541796726739208926003200650331011617584531364466
6446975200293349558151403162258385505474942322796455463090381985898884153879810666921247678344495019592171989327800934238087607
1116773012813841761179870425820266292137052144431441290909627977940969824030291459806507439794936788928214828707352139273391574
6029232735235425403035383736905446200540026716844974571516139411975848154720481565143793111521425975198184192780712740114138327
3438200310045736349450654856319455355471806503450945057852390828051199118282010495739738213447341204668213941183921897766832892
9512957847613586351781261772535091586107882959218997758350989715296118346024725200133884012765597340862400507624462524830866480
9478843365776113648646455826476363854336443473601804016310466451767185956320296981753166811182992550179769973329037834636002638
1745421142947154461000688129964181745046963595109768527672990383210124171587972151958957748633651595231193536560491908213623383
8381825139460307549572877031135183947681591383140425137518397676071788098018785187454915609863724531998066262732015118963304139
9818630925621801216199389879103728134389152002296761687336537102178195168590959317811012194485775439363610537061412149495648268
5576817033233193054333141148999572966012541792116109714940451926593836005748304065707002129553500879663495665687664101078961830
4255249811578737819490016920102133439336759727576849642889727534022902117660385461887412305323198051682727105599743797538768483
5664318936157823403995526721241574938566862585452228404066914834889748254113822291330168260243598542768358287033612921584775608
0493408359374626915181620402845179233550927620380852963377274566085358451742815682206366209318504599243115355217504587070160767
5099926458337087971802835525020183140934847289656680603935783200084783016975906879446974951582977123093907468193624294378414602
4993211036037539293757401608261712055642333911428904305517543773653002323722539705273891988338327482438288308063770111207012273
8875724448927612453412899117913683062983270974383158999932195926949387111141855398745328636343443301765332909049991525667183004
6179446485196106673286301271613059516541037127280321853066460858041150601008945716021915010720764523897185471929927560029444239
7849437984569538042541347312104898444874295714765888754190517892771505925662567504469022216257045253341087785885957187833718309
9972288762936380366686950714951282499790474803745721728891585856096753079311064364081796195123806475478622506713826868777638697
5194143783169339034131894869316961917794611019135131983101366014715857076410377619181633332553598229324447853163042312520962414
7850854551539305001687198329060780010579189214774936469033426991594801002823836027328068965959941131816419243666581830678041716
2062179831972241107526467338284038440066567441767013516710832064119073030278681905009991848241324570216334414105094116172288746
4795251857046503954973485018229646234695366724410250031504983138843493652944866619750102836093665932368212191653037534272918686
1825362974498797050137125577095725107017850998954189361286965048355333973664280494182300562942448127524039989758648090694962142
7512994410145549835156679857014752505125401506747737470958447208937721056830032278112608932324610937928836512547690813007773206
4386958625254464154906642431853347789932184826155599439488217117827733831342079710541861559451261895702289359997911170346503767
9160582845194443225222601665399912946931088757458941216770145834719498890068834370787508728005299127862046720974369218083539582
4881031377785621947067985825999914746359269429111016243690638440462655472434228579718379181809439967478754245522265321625889814
7583391301685587265357562950095622866121830355803288828241373074939869852539741493888550714334780322503664271906152272539287229
3706056275918240737054417094100085374094932331005897520832184041773254725650156202489186855782648043533132404772816727073155235
8593562217884076811451277453364735377701544569033315203869164836320799479709306444027657854268527295924524538225997862678112859
4570537859634341717395527618756161556420569519217630387646444203036568601265546935410843254883517475649241288633895824882290087
1279603976070610116464640212199310166444520867245963242449012132718994226744403248200981139871780434324112903659101791778621066
8744850384566117283317344846157583437411072049976031321951124766354609384768681179440522110424899002915456603055956128713981139
2086242661312485180876173221212851654741063402662853918748324706267356051777749583559232529239969008936507197332763290031477120
5741215520375853751719868036345389495144698592395029595732821924732143612679143914116460149908254801423378398341400612840255578
3112678009802694849286559093313827681147182296039209347542924704088172807791962585025279313952354773038812296501897230865202710
2464335074070148432312036647984428094369519448454963043288725321796755075626414550577697084871002645789785381682654641241100283
4946700365473689782081952042866282556327651210752194953923594323433725250140138447685850292340132652464859222629234697220377811
4116813834263078090553178959891950239969717708797371397856902146227502290357214553371450093318491311749632101080525636146301695
2152016442288947698443136330933042135184223974200115803798042702098262975256411368585240157169341361695851434355296732786801088
9469700239580500443632308541309983452163906017765379912144038775472527920834490565234287360219977902823838503195349727039831496
2028576502159755428471922748239092215954614499408923132851493814161260002491760119779606365853853991681827617094579573055586297
3640678920108595929213187711839271941417061119448282180155978731064884982006841462863880420761509974612500984423805360525276222
9057118337335912039094779552592972943649024122835147704439083152493402341167911887606112405528052285968546122798145084807566159
4304613049097528789015322647077710992450848025235239429386820053371823148160964657760192249248892087179211556970604610852657330
1245963067779593226119382101475675796217312455063935339967592594066075071514347181089457321147516518204553844378465193273590500
3560863140415397624008978961463819965678362699058645101497391867248986869781266285523093686811424022579360460735505488281520907
2803810314481228865478572362393166113955034570401397318410902932552817985751479490450351950758398971928389088057335245044158094
6904347745025056517093981246275608711548205826384671869194152526627350920208727208140128575295910227390194690418706771705356517
6784445719916791606648643520294851397681933118673503958741728387886357271190905065762821681465016058740202568162846967243295973
1820495748778970925066926664077661706850366307799032827973753165199895444172414611070770446635902894354703969177838887030507999
0792366480532040444153327711554056488308633552915589047332411364711058132183546270866868018652349880999177379420796287072716088
2231884404962985945388134094475613555762253572694848559208422137166239633417739879274457716224035685193748560132590653034477542
9227302311116220471908055555125965124068362598930072116668063472712158786276348904469695948132587468164071579543544049342283942
9611661683770276849635190630772488322125598419492636769106569145188958898006930644639421498885045868655337164693651551682789719
8113170194159795409724804157277970216585110875118496676005194638884485314135820103479833056690555003499859437927213123666961409
6776248629614262117061005539488708741664752240716973399951870993215840911122617246729216135676971155075389185544568368200715006
8136621653681348621828391620654330376833126244814473075974634681828022721817501734663865372891778488609175456672709780494092424
7509035477896901683836806362847630551058479464889625032860924968434340014421918549778761662492676219077042005549667470710873708
2649270641258444022173705146602820338815565069036316996296828717613516424116147690610506944602495068800321856748967379303431711
5231537094318273489411666006633698888790246462698166129109823556983405782712006150780252324827311704109848150151626541203089319
5293239066624699492800648051071066181862007268310279648019183315312315154420858012591159812489763989269552995744386956174038764
5180720261104219765835445462051189983679962609760132661239453035110340712611783326617205712026077627868902275865901764502746369
4450386186789754245435591998462910276602998139642701382886884245787698610667584456364442583085157908011542453439257529663938908
5226947020891494666123742174916211157087031239651884379910014927950876644487562604700114503798045681730239237952766587287565756
3462320891328376981719619778327669975981463699579856289946252639770341221258397441894692753073255239973756891174514808164393544
9266128730309970612623389424292152551017956433451773715730990286170012828117563840968654996015507568606746254308032751484010172
9555122523637838569715536561794279389081447703619598960381475663155959964617699927258813445644496349054324074619586132556815203
5221901221258703935673357600398356681976947446424967337708716326590353253394660639230448040100077013280765926948098493319213488
7738313289310543436800301466124075949448435224583670124694327098481119456888840896351512543815188557251685118660772588456625224
6115002819234894874533900222654850689485882307323315708374429887345170183105778321445910604513739852020875884337203588872923125
4481043241227156956639553841037732426965917364470043436075190174090995043087977394594850901991029121373900633832712403510778230
1122190232976475343331179295988355035324572960682589565916578492624347219825791452145522290660285362795514899273106419997278153
1419535386080392454227188259532485710914908620105317213100011817889875764632911121751593887025644393163109071422951719422847110
4026612711274029089236246041114948354793310083266181854689070097597525414068795108775947050469531123122537281180760454160254035
2729212202223251132035733428110959851887971832113712091873626429082924950281013969697115103891338579818898846568239238607918122
3944336153317752913161793886424178237035722936447760222478425805766217641600209813232221230340238786982394323446453582721990048
7389193916919980057221104426235427350670234767999865432553198312811347361703697530913350075859737082487587469312736993623735804
3544483515704686277538264527506961791275819582201516681389283444580314635355964056417380225809498367162186604237676145482322561
8044600252747925830317760868421526571377975782889497428302869692743382713250361972424374300944696385157823203594995989063758674
3762181316198228161833937930845505733610147834846550265056669736693282801787541130363631664735877621678425882651996823896571197
4895759837384473598984792357851123553619562828621778670882704444499813426092540279529447104250292800981220546692084253328082420
4664284555514464728238600094152484535233997991752935740228264651440639886242409459644164822259574135218995760166441434144147387
3498021732532747332097779512063273078194846290742584872890698856916194513341236677884416300942002054144602101645686192153654576
8855689629475186087358536061769600329981635356231999344927571715122048450556630571843667383074529954198709235538731487573715687
0984316998018946399866843104618259659452795653432490384229487374720689309493558506727485555071518696965289338830868013877431679
0444954460337393289812378506420855357215741077375742703669752012654590715324153275679920752247842054109194186158654335712157841
2806861505564373354176276173563926841713871053400626160801979041772088503472612997224598155147542728678254353573523697935567654
6201924274245126686318859488923564788418058568530778365444195042057133158737326264356888205129275667061366349202778458019010774
2825177079603097543301363195546845866777243546459927001122927276132658961336248692066215766333309788747162494346240324193946246
7328522607444197904276536531669234484641234327006749709725328245867037809150903161226855351918234564454937188245329779811527397
1625377992337069927288579727970280388115743434164021261444485502332859966787759877144357204976585729746356637542057830900380879
4756314028565636147037500545330319143265189233753100563686689461353510356901840785161069243491300815016067752040583292254841464
0425017333645387838654294817531355494569985613245897735076448718279104158222119913920255342054852667882224523660815046839280651
9062897569747184612738179958208393387812077029581124581459197624411283206076395360970022007778409057996215320186949888642491834
2577588591174250273899408593063983438617592453792302359558473005206418002455294336176016723332413815891373160708758731967049062
3790766334026767123109787766877375184100806711868340730414046922950551256206928850545228229670325982658231736019892656930961551
5274543406306956723055597804421123472449821052046299950205504470231963135543548703265039753201973863356153745730092781664650899
1020617263114480064430348590768589835423732129147820366131428529210137664442462332795234431300140813802687903923031421483099298
3305606503022918455845722586154193433226668761115620627747430416848925633688922763380741392673785175993422375485098655310345526
2853130953848078288453311632699255400113689129756388559283548184844635112023417531659479267970268571040812683475165664822794180
2783222167931397034746003825257822695087707764404029816076797619920932960124572983887919479900468345097640119343412470086673322
5063459185940735886394343828328918625032505938760162817991123725871771735016474675217009872180054875341819281047070252038306775
0743585397605286027482664572990290216960312219499687628442325704541075906118067163819053997876546874075941147761887253181403133
6865060056069818696891296915545023370983419980885799857058396262667622091719201948407642987224698259796247084724028705854417594
5103827826152310417357275607217586307830343393236258610369278200854730301259212109525027296782910788706655437239982908254923137
2959652192735329005701145454769790852470342092444456431448859896236135922540005403226570654335981197446157556763871319983952696
0906069491801564153648838254163601062811138002404571553190646376754817601328289018602749191681199089353060650264442584766903530
3785962322135501816792718661619323345882587573641791662855806452191640690223489872037123172150522718319643946771618053874607301
2342704599377336428681571005102144288192803466969307063516540780329331225964749753260124769353818714585772490856102378132713276
4346236542835966635872778222659462346707942811767870117146806978169322604045750387880280187005012616459999816635343308178563646
2604219260434304257671433967264369756269802345023491459538543248359901859356108205297353830910989444923284454022447613985397264
1822281949178892000423296707942037651472365683251029280064728588016134363373058610506594311454908111460545368768742973357987311
2329670499086760430314104242828210716854904379725565610986919473143807393666799098016719544449077169306161547903571473642324181
8934928646320239275117990276319738648757543739070170895539210951333884142223117539519009532014319073300363829125825739466521964
5363386211310899141728954217940413318460520197666536176317994465965648033515827854532405714333529319178360920611572195490491843
6452281693971710923703852296775814957821367584399432406445144322839651572894248840082293918339020670715780310479909368596480688
6791949317913799774656284904153563675547018432823443924016298235065082832647707880299401729868016947630432394689913082273372425
2712968598557679357916581334926350397464524640833937031346811806334561647348253048938805411658427143226876519485429485016393766
3501555543617126115194082213265703065410803089224710636262686284845574699295863975355551722711478618786950261560124771603773061
4778106677024357003045486275897639115668057170330533010873096634039731123238801834051871842868704307554039712015191582514954442
5218459195255301650149970279364690486331464065970810654696223977244841051824600951397161627678662117382548039349844217280375193
6369806374093253248520031657537241583648618465123745039819043766572718344368140639003289414418211436811709774570097952888487167
3212569840247911007598018387084803647762488058555511319640016886915147136497977845568137947542869347226726490373484609221240787
8115733543956480787117884715874295702599005706164646884593210924736152784838359510894224199377258864940900115663844969555460182
2035968818201814843503316301816877369650620471604903993852843829395302301918155158237168629501277731356144310878037185323999107
7016895419441126229181619830275636225832821520441765441532992753638148826237793875874434736200782222141244213180375828740996801
5879711152250078980107885067914386728437059276590755707069830533352692084569773933300266007591174281283361187767672358396078896
2103537195144138796197574043874859185879649977538344432422677102393984939164145250471907596342652013494773096173424264207508962
0637450827987698515011845992398093937196147180755217329303542644463406470700019971836100495535322254679390620873420862364850762
2242509562912546291760696517385259786276250406593124098460913531494124669973775469757781521279236307631066606896102762073078153
8737688554624301439839538446862017884613896797755819281023174101498754986747558403862071766932594675733495440363990431783540137
3643542527592425148722339107873667468772709136145667446671572809454163340131116640859776867285040887038441378816294697995941474
4072206008606547388536544456067257224875289444010744788037863160664893445070574937489602184055019861155649531412106370948013649
6183624181311379076807905566573341779391313360549851142539899794930473883081910943750299100861533261211231956101452244671916467
4790552691647255291761946345206897704211085378644313837821311423673070233392146600975258580259558879486034230540380014801626096
8493966397430159495762611418791059378501633459275242578770822154956094389019127421733416568122031957966837378624113082091125501
0539497663700011903785013114734351822728368447618541431249895153026462750771721023669565811790420914410370442390790070707245463
2527965030066432300857015457970368291786471653036513592059650961230415181073725654607900007084498257528783224577191374901431098
5466092963804647249090725375187844347347973252108137441562290526430827908072841935677879142427224945383497721669674256500195118
9408447458584058076150017650238543964665522204847767119461148283020725314993208318241105785737923682521127890161621980525163933
7752816476751548314213662757572297632611588857400086488089795605852388674435780461993562784936271707018785480608983595358835686
1627393802741824989025898363620676709684659912421866285079664625171969200262501658717867654051389804050637814037774619076628490
9122449665202107140311875578301366613855230050319765976709818479408721612162782387682958793989254712472790259401394162587792903
9264559273820216137804057886666471549044481178190332632113699758788705141611700544482989913381964978281793867160157791927781162
7442806842403069859300613325533104981898816922110133255013384334075830779759933886533885733793824024671542171085144755776119332
7374346360629846250873248611855740390376331086859870274251856769041575442564535703086946429812945653348220186072122845016274001
8100158244663714389704533217051390472696914158612218153906542802690978033894796544874039962095788720080152937661496672600961913
8620241055478925684985952252838411836616234675852362577897905957450930653087681187667293254151875334644179085362678160756183911
7978254875299875225763061871403474457110245655385719997304830996169804380424203018555208820048813202142753962116252594621406974
1364681806031729655441460904058555518845771287158086951978113218142925356256811479736849256168552051145501834683683179144053582
2064837061784377038174422796078941972546986123715738128334902017019689407784830561790843652346745495974010607663653352384636987
9087616048769273749416367719522093035127707930211676277159029972485006678648961483209994033836189245748110099847024086616545737
2425064383233144306141397196556964739088709046393835346029594675076399505634895487000914867003535813058158157320486332684663652
3641097021982425901903299759975001000185954507785071466003606303822049570876073457705939373716255467071337231807741213874106729
2074354309025181421785407070622306037112442163872375219312465679573739444271473076859615411141496918260111756219972558400237414
9209218175245343776137887607783882100053568632353169828579551734386860768832081473967959877027533280331064368843953279403791000
7265829914895705780556070716875430476662014009364335116363868273301526498001345684876869560767489114942311375190271613882803603
9073891388696315073189212242611726526377243973277573301675482213008892303352424672983354043608654230919446999369674504952411077
2313808555572186833151976371065120343070868637724954931470642187595688232146689299510744666262728998553432846824564736716304195
3769895001051711590090397709284289543423142627611293076964116196325536683515731394758243179761144577336943990391686351744541117
1964012423430274286597296893918822905314758106425920575603004465793377045724816176059995632780349523671266024041147016652652055
0559141307894322726836380567121144490621939523042182901839217710526781776038951549469639294413748250130589664480237146063632821
2784427615240187672159066907559581170138189996990499287132279332580644422377771338142338877270406145886924306247277891647319839
2650622840124168882146785089864582520075975814107450314378337065910303739372347881027629224527453006767239445485125470798573294
3280112665923668502905138798645913537592166171499662307256909576761808318862002890184471250591748083711310397550032446473077789
4839123297739060737950671029462682374736375690549900393153725695518603231578972526440776594614418742798429193873047497505681792
2160244025080490634108186799676843921536142621408043650219395075800794132235618687434126288996783749492148526728267890467762275
1151778651927614305188542555589072273825319471951036866487051470913760762080070986450018226884129812856690672034368570260461972
9126667808863381235489349849691246557114377306076458702232805159967351257175416964221955677360994319567614203175199799743819984
2789442446232943685597991603590204183390799819475475321518636276804097467590827293001641282750302064255269776064371623832516088
9048597881455099698450226466082784483581892839976853703691711348479752784919013613635237082895964344395914096977829703979539035
8807651873851261763689740610852384724724967281185663138373836249447037268804159569417135422054907833329936731832253007919797504
9682114913920055259992108818897312911322686928213632559659016546514207889796765657343025470035022686294498921433293889021982807
8817906539189722113102359692407543788732651010055394962852526688290033541790486992705883840600079101359528027208567808930305163
9801041923433800395009066327257582729179435202758752590945790035180893649947139262456916818609204478389874916889421571462394032
7712450051093466464431798727528046026835894856944238434402423528849559439733559946888997104896406027931037956349309616326923736
7381318701427430852131274547674285844624653982181746045743742319196948480723763005752758284784444958915729789741525394299696626
8012218598270213765952492120607042939337977067878086380794314818747633639449994732495580724511274417714861329582888877331906442
2523903559053376560461999356914800460953183047966595580074070441846526092785101396532452282664986312641571216344907286853277587
1243980803716723402043316042450038929890705999070870015541470833748745344879737850504389676782666386423839519311757255510240006
0284528532586136580475966266604417479884520212063362364900502892825693493079279816397630592037794996982087214380723458893748385
8491272727902175551882935376152929301347887913314101691264776996119552678466629354884721510455050616404890619695271496162337915
4545341965713318896843475698632445949069586135305533687841423447686352614650216106958803696792920165610566274323872801678178779
8253568664915132158211550322533453124118327929548882623091786963905677622475126883200587876894319717512008420758223683547396925
4320222323998014931144025979173468123790086139354433220062005544015035220976182446830891814234515809043692298378909223491021578
6069959232219660879097232566121384126364624848136634056377125102029351039021829959177114631501219753707218086851316623762802248
1243816089430429483661271140945607300465854350055161784219266668283907250544685294916674983006906835039612884905549454140955379
2940117682598404016293743763452820571055836767681621549318648097809089905651411870200800086998457828557152804031061902717793951
0887454608619720066585775426385076124950271424460822511049331848391671487328356192926497422819817241814088663154002962024098217
9444111199203225196678001748854632792810817288744330344130819478809411416720197937516411714390009340089903953898652786438479523
7598508564858904067093707855688285940754985295788676773297431147947757643127210193954685014018553421494459901761944702436530765
5554085843289054481441810390185341385291272744398367506999297552891321596456006697431455499740285520112057597547672427356435569
0013578994633080338189924814677511395910036898885609486453589361725442884886155382037285922038189976648035996103250646536792347
1883418355117695192895288397176362340054382375638457044029914555409870529840507997093953867543753807297378240486101911704147190
2990020394219301141282427939313186733000711509741075546302432127423255702951507832353089573401235669455023017949653420450062207
8315834094959817998047438269545055161942585493293325815723771181252407447320553420868080424394122133699301368250012158017016770
9114429395330391270070591803725103499827663830583921855069504046749255370339126443177002479229837662039928889147633055859281868
0939693955047378469672103416236905988750384823305338476710533963327706820167318110473623797427088982971507090747733464699600155
8097749323633489883895572126941411948413387610953411492455863784508332803867377054591645781447379503035057961144435257072818355
9192774536491861553570480071143726445650506118482951514380572367117987602662371433431531020944047345411439555055616659122572444
2538272673224446791161100046059076794348690288664907501420986291128393194698926073716590796828226666658940692534781574652080599
2296719356672708630298340102476096286223198315529342168688227248665999468122934752834636542066357602969267253948955801596039200
6907553929212877794229661239340340054507529389112502857484240836627584226292443778415389852020999685448069205241033372399261985
6092552080660661596415004237982747843962036754844362941207857067711980933061648692291784758051313128780610506614569982941900763
6594390851938570829005416110125258734178056235062424322731777215369780823020661620803238711218728587137816612075854867828598400
2369696331217866566447853409278304508453286888356285386844080814982619783652943626843027594633000036437577975836948042581832383
0948885007237584172710171695745820012612068700229335944852613395850206862454317862915465465928827325249777743488489409096560811
5495911603990067019527969794975740716100732404562122420639048240417867412633964511077857983711654955131598842753406211465747911
5938576990907415666730959973171116867930776870120598849297289380213982472240243585128799882672536952585668000017332908127868142
0055033948608802263653030525631019632385167453147504582749896613855370979829552517051177850239757173815628192095505002356755838
1575006377951552426189315697593571157901434403253801500948115475871805154047796850271348643125694619380221648554282326550822126
5246972276283601394823321357823533983734860648197127606415601325852813899044500843947933650765212255657169653289842270182408561
2963795283400693969427927841410518920229478373496996799858803689356286312942605835353285929732637824507016592351551689198434905
4524116354075005325609861714463374588743076763717669989113993414649241279740839454455938573607498636902929162122468763846383424
2179849115762842803410844590988059861418931490923531363860515702620355825744742928541840867928398829472206209785674120570623101
1132410047750617625576007081275570045071771592714539836172004355577617397790511943990307565673693827096029990088810389666652957
3079203667265148591706387956264742397674809071114000619637965798572137055721279282178439992636758230593462657176883252897846130
5344900606236775949063632708480760988922321343844454792539062870953446557548709705912512202634518627191679599405320534739710674
4862620838291477498931509821859436769537924979388766030614053473312195673928520927507333262772931790461823017698325114264269689
0377879474949535999373402143435358728101597553950835828260875850446040578864121150552326559433858342085551900119266465442357108
4145382952202338626169521528905963930174893641795335885386219002691641231007259917968036502863440853204735639598211642320126801
0053580536687636415170048134719028636721663473814357492351910729926031799390889508364212752500797332425619171871273560570543315
8050888999124989277531284920879308536986968026163965044507397321505480674446271580916011349473678101309289578265591746813517726
9127557909914237400136577868957543371638044740008283166851799275961511059368672159330761617818453900045874047935222126146402161
4101481561011635460925901510238481810190290058999387022386961480571796642806735909558855831574016730200955930521599776711652022
7452149234766310409197279968867850647491580237728049077688692166936015804308350068889158066597960097627065379539367797830770392
6879895654050303365324517468233477011666079944449521630351405739029720149442284020545119121309386081120398471736260643772075320
5115668578180735659993042798673877885823921120201277569914715190894516855160960884928665814998466370463245773786729580361126788
8473676321663825127148201234179810956242584805477442480418075610556509294721684997709018216961441699698479559880791844442850980
2548233794760268816189190401306088756408880212519056730724214290704225280819394151931727397286420914387903845669497115561372625
3358354482836700948199493625980064917823071542164808097350543961229800125334834517703864655364546055166975880935305435123088821
4029969129548193511513014303632741396672093205336941776475040363815521979058565558783096959704099250216961508907068930707743800
1178228259948098596059380680409565881553234195364086559565498076952409655440130991639052974945372324956190156780171629355058755
3717169015464986627001032179838523927735142460855957466743630432390818286505306791995379349323709241837876168544133279436428880
0351514453291951960472553858319673428002898082287147987459621016579844258976392337653325512601241626465492005157367458123795393
9131757913676253650480410533013952331883655576543674109012844727933443442812463625615079052305206439748070329783436962037461924
2344960044770585240104572826430912626099098553793285442582298302002106108601045902079657749391794040816491373923940544837370962
9188063701594180602103941124399234673973525989100931802175158910488942922514429931243842291939057260146437903218286048586526737
3095726475590315515951883606439041451987645791724176078005404488548116509110488969805623639698399122683827452715501916665020036
3403203657780121846439527513421356719526606981096988845264774034545984754667811956286997210908649753612024363260420418331459837
6454363503953069085653959466382547762654112282647446898596667543948487517796676159860624750118940186171824534509979950086899125
5534857215488234005757824538224541774649888325359087056984429790126545819871211147018201409980430263764262297169187413523924493
9520167452539794941218775260774423444492261204451489938948286717754151689428746487424118400020813014135629700319029471552190487
7649753857278617517384047446362214242830920706961544783469693002591616096695611398984815665331683937899607935227857197308530722
7670636468635321903676766861271780561993826318676409654225250617146887843176296360469702345236373355189175304203166464435492803
5456942248296553684603690989598415553795292969337585462669697131930121000520692716176831920728412650435826182698878423955991084
2896202227362420166816298936702205787111522693592087473120377589659651412246131193859654870409149102874068068052947526362484606
6206499177988103420772046456006763763163890633653756586913836205106440292257489426046140931638490258992453397047593430476263734
8271727426541847240045919975482895895407596972876222349935866226855009736203327632117757403576107132386631830517560425145954967
4982163925157138555939635994371164500846077564198212229817459032427881591645290463697023178851238007473163893076170963474781460
5340106261127351887331618946742533731988940154583287036382074049074320856289664772105865760586792346984849386692407381048942810
8539587910802062328556477423232706345676834247983911515809748455837801552264721412722228887311117555317778442883915233779797479
1727978384302123967727306531882414560603798977850417620003458650086712045078303090511550979287673387880893466154163854646269635
3674694578655904749986580598395421685146833662087197374056652325798896836233778806349388223093547068287833955056912724333066803
2847637229990901535043145484946473452323017593046078412652932709449735113175295374406245481235052704111601101677970510368326922
2791471564967916436181421827384161108238141389611296884460017859614820709694863977807620407661790121758211278587753750388535470
1311682212671438808292446213587823526675524926735249896308087156166254699859676499961522597030531906137578453887072208144785351
8861987970713845651946125749765842589051394459161283498525078704659636051445265425124710568264660637581231331333166906616781773
3433773030784699549858220921642631039795495279596839707512577767723632096893086622754554818674187555230885034907077860457028892
0456580053379968368017945695164763479833506838952019851181545387562584359601036032261663315698690958554540494006314322814695152
0089934480486704619783110767294727013349926542271497056296250118282426029001430520413060977864809649544418723152448749796245164
6374218433638081986774399897692332350976246009622586461188714603950733284096247572024844313234627483374886751903785440297788166
1964624071497448806005939877571581081852368682713329198774704389508439970356078811686024907131424792844471710419031994307710495
0920647722499203428391025133284362175932945797352824069655533852410541721344987923656955005597638885921881748026281505225146701
3234051414875467310335184839402728147911090604477636334326355603404083470772369446633927746336105082555084803709873030579813182
0797776807854225896647327655002411099428092825155001834564019066984990634531216819521296497699004639732085677368728818595315930
7917485162442064658421046487728607879599371289976088757626588362451318559683586821768061531908102225442474938214076282479553260
3281219759953705660325535461460598775637270570011648848817233301493712654518786509665608881437564458093540417006933366539835720
1421309961668710980725741781573712344943061720229290458895090456489735933725778071381711038599743236066437961925604705889777444
5346018484213473348778149540609702140487404833149084935132956734625173249282732560039608351835971014828152667004296001672327334
7640982015534543149522949001287972675835062998825649759593191032854308472369740597155188057572429051521288244481472576347709112
9082197142126709759172581677046792938596869866773476159806997279087695007866672568094682918889951065921351285356324461616422296
1936662836367636814393593918150500159197921407091608653457518897602784067757706017281722377124420704953813373267377728149707235
6165532554189463034890275736530147346375384892741034329027227244542906540148716547806611470041759808947343102903725834811540237
9921590940060069893953324679767980790622906014798953371116800849894891003273141853411016879477894602450403366892842855960933978
7315523767557595011955152358473653019805790165086637876204849356737581570450280098237545014539966107468231674446113357850428012
0791096311925956512226765013630421811573099687378388596324590465120594475232654312603704526616319090075205150090415360289991719
6209585520294606187513003055352209151687938901113926217849214203137326771247519247105616300171713950372822794825746012319922943
9070419207282434237195104895273960005868745134822958234433238365905514670266360172103212277318139495451964580465731804042546085
0338167338157532972668177758079386489083653270128069387600686406564818006155678752863600080494279043355117187180589834925431100
6075857929007054805987361298779916735419742025429402324367885856941288459616727309405216361897524393233989298288583563658786859
8295608945048628864124667559446303925571884604451666719475562297491635918267804843940029802361638899118153382320671609177821037
2582167131471095203583988388775565537112236568527071226697464466863969482609071992299656322827744545682290545625251014139439495
6711594101773826530320065101211025715415340393938808536071030195055575879765597974028194836866850448633781263352118203830334159
1911464166497757327229347266491166768994040887477045432967042061773419808596553435219059712816623298485611786304164577509711093
3950559965553312195375204426888631697136007142008473612408896359608938295800221018496826509159015008898585495437881710932385623
9874188189105976892158996129334251306053998794609627074731940358792016931428037315501950874633599120688188498035110487709165641
4173410887164627415991784444779118017795312676797160939963018529923226506062126935003504945358174169319649592822030532548902364
8585536437904001642599877592181317351676828771494354438414987542591562928890147892012194379909967644778402105597291718886776458
3150820435297838229930820366686733000243384455249980345366643081949584071763731857162948259797374460060553393333323596509856155
2746510308210106138913961915766655928022321725147254596535903741506128248245569457512888067134893515592196316478265340857967148
6054837822399734332369250046782008884610626357811684106025662192613352002782118381922758419491552146516596733810475017566505975
6253444244691352274570036070483313882748278795425532524034702609588633374333913295809727607310412619066512211586460777396607177
3167935626890486882612342937895694862011472784369829386553959207681859657350791878067764914715082125859929851130735487337849909
5973912099248621614115761320919410184939653960557823675647875630413749948258747675478750350454945866579601771984960798194388016
9736525221109913891380740014791803647462175891768280453619965529263318350088005137408675181210618289125588737889391858187625884
5353369021308107059796622691343010568879776199002760578714065302617216068310095438159704609241785014319825155619864292170880710
0495180914933316707105009248960814921465681956792191416760665299694180526760284922837494706424443747428740900047510907222820027
4261167178860446527279234457781216359164057184535569399549566971774741437839602392078186827336187328588770123788484074481402098
3638667122645479534954458961543608733857643210245423464371257036918768143627288762652953247716922315676522443004771243444008790
3924515546743559568892457871009003770852048769643235894176832052809028875813896140562020415910166599360845331504914716199418304
9539930208848580218543922990732130838884473458954810662182599563214576790823089949536669626168272941913640024171496275351316441
6014586121604715045014833563011298445249992633905973084716393755263990314978408352185626630254184110544304520462563363100889663
1480056209827971737404379030390423810733649879094610502529510552900145205746169635070607870308190199905737823014183804945008242
0269907341608215559877018486447313197581053179139277368261940240899846162645640750726730556726252880111678045833842135360488520
9452683639389882051701960541518755636274003173728067144992243393027569642308110984514593826650393132965688544590683455796310124
7380252617100440281579567534384005518334110526934315682916800234325208500512344342386934373532140277510905603770493859349394883
1640841298979540048287075269187639921568678590871873233480612103263772909669941767642148108401983790040311768132667513845995891
0797228841202589730512673576721011566549518209931565777081305309555092032097475454967752699515363312040210695622598933787975405
8668051227922162902176856358741680893763627061240389531754672702747011947735221029021238076999742096989024601711374129582948446
1940517877834907351003862153234670764674347412348064152632718218140233582465116935278604919054339813155764852687263384383689198
1258507121750424356317899666874328759136117897322624713333775442411946490404548479399911860814088039900005338783292400154353212
3215026566497194921100428678498475477212368831513037002482731701747625115899231609161962690257412946823057745227816040916263135
5553936624046126710513840693074241292678003250027162357678547764315313001417556750343221645935609713903330012474781806462752509
0087160096352464233135718030584278086059148140723626725159134239250134423251753319043440628036779710209805517160099782393064078
9318218498563579335348341700906218700126032521018782542069807548617891695409073329049001835630809969460708500370067751685336992
4208076385552541906663566236770990347477457147392506695455104977958316161334777343709329582406111068678972797895379263213969728
6469519015224118923867472889765223881558607274601638396572334489644055785283085612422941306760043896876352796674858662547224493
7581545382840053688960159322695550231110088020621219817091426507061324686155465441741816208389678694769740607167732243171488972
4513458865704194161496940570841680853750653077515467382681747134693802486964790650970100691348806372555667204130083389487834234
8611747863343669889389552604708894518837779002018609033906535124466043777729170830388281007572831090596749539330676454829092268
2614980773184238784409092097541705502166871511835967598046040179529035245968990886914099394023190993075959231506769917989928255
5078404017663690714097396036195442424905417384596337491669874839339606038090162958546298191413554764614281624619030688715839038
2641999347004416078674706237266340276545528202969242926658631976187485588763571283416465910176657402769591804490385811120607894
1022069138109039758566977843736614783843237277066124548095396035264485535383579339344672494958836028783883577568562124831488748
5036220302308126851203910148295691777409108647096999242270479109438402097077523126876642469999412297820631461204592271671208573
3765990012871705693020962224239694872611037068970786438641717866334183625110030788667653078611800346467240202316395411589819234
3782933301188992583378339987527190128332463154672014687853873904582770103495961273158433396887983077621367280840979561172209874
3749199929332536186794255922364823419316096604597225233951718116228041916547239168206812159635533832324993459328359641335851160
0949078067861678051433564861906686233060038981581529250289577929864989790385982845786299381823508035058298434160670694386088772
8589603171909191258961043702444348933790044242468360895051180975009846570524502293795875915077460542906777905339916008769533025
4696790001285278712597004232911565273828035212555295118585512821803987256554356248161862945364958160311031123882054615472804301
2136763839544335242427199077661794515629181187002289822787279783807001282765862055208820154228904904403489678312786030757766407
9614871264207972090235920749815254428999808582182551807788105640461738443833466880592889986393806973211194934814261892282034345
1053682892737737957362804191027861071649489484546703968499730625323764928679998205513025454613668271807284174919717885935584552
0107677739834015517323287238318659939175109001778305487593186279160892671682768468572465735391214037913879126299875773890935302
1453192783717188719965961795655288342172822178539274975297334507529484119848624649135862288188339473719284880061285948938876451
1104549929363155396273207050870222760506597442331198500643525825130190102095717730285667006432704158844993996831311067931052472
0828794534801481162296313627002145147495573308897739685396596733882610495059540555269595443659894160127867987587635803471525887
9824022973580621392509031573913634949593512565298787398230994893915219176490569710003371534856099636970419816555736516423169506
9878869772576948330900142931880528301401489012367453237909670821957956278129934157555287021598067976133621454184066239649408611
9449658706952732276667554753119961137301412966671524990966931464264571223338509226807775956572226631814170860570478467598493299
6650524655470467246688640367290038855618731841663664529545949374735107916410687959478366394614227095766286594581538618985047713
6086084723895749993359399578577946854255073324766404400181960974843071723540051597517023301307855898898894953430083847202358708
4753978848939024247917094291054930385042551054372444060172056724142258138979831515270370976027807892767076899036493276499539268
4888375835344223898032733332908158386194226863203069893727606532739301723911436149446573440019514355993413403576684311443713663
8296174705195869577823179373277139184472357378750746123040139737885926265459733919518384739329034183096218738593256149149459218
8744604285228489074099091055498838353604537087151030264581202847750393201247650508352763633370859358894270796201667489608183108
4803757550419070833057341387873914307394706611793081307683075761521436160450412298883575182283341357874191269212976379223012176
4435149804710266828206094765772134040146772381477199506975830561360349698395986931196641173574221626045221904844792851097031410
0140901477445628979104022134212056527853288372076077175566962012356161842830489257088195443545165486451856025672191097292162212
0064993358872969642733510540028442337052528489493327308542431944612538748472046808937048692371405185247438306806803215040744971
5863180250517768423942955033295423284494978569038179153339219650484893674393537942959738721683811008504606623434622402463074587
1057835094428515977317637880823368056821605598124838652727786262421298250352722448869673429472764531868054225289565474229567344
3983238067434669068143443350182793359210352492378691479389127933138449974060689160199725860332928925347596191014918077016053014
9909206404814481317875154662284644158413522012241871567063512207157398398808577747347614035401411443650498361772558269985219726
7744531085141281581884696688318667987388073192993652661160923279555067568241657394706279105517300977887168465546838484164576246
9611748410338839797298552575152326071882814435353560145135335186607329942289657269580962404267932188572721339477733166705898691
7946378873728294158344802516673294879896454520313415594420541327407109273815189756012820920103635963852069701484919842956064247
4874591841062298195410390631359369161750834793590724525846541010552709961171248502344146476896644307714211419632056930049968152
0852013636597020207693222771451991722621240083418836922565030460173149090294177983564964216327697927947088353859239269055188074
2400549504774664967997419613371907388057256285629514767888950107220270166626488534296499500671373046737811115964349503266901011
7846949189277918675793279134349974486913260503583373441600579959916070999842932572749268240452265295033063113981992389359199980
1807261813286492446582855762770791231541210822077548388510880369998042947014204967053843960432445968862263380028288322991265906
2762645433260880544005259370505499891003063278739034550726117946384596067905756389481622864019774830490639904899687312014368603
0877598939078117695418432932115534755404639291467885726434445252435059379183430846339103652602297046524638381772417363883263654
8359730049870608112690328069372460928467332597727838745244400830648941526818883943362511766258737811338084111308530830389543560
2410247474136168092178004494614768123474893065682802068994067272461583528237284734448787471492174143726629957921201303786784836
3419244084207146670255645738668183101897287707313517219103923810981141387894446864639750358126083692639837682548305250192071549
3436195357834369331471914469743643722462664355231433520254139779344070714371148189113613561574794491575113019678653016828154505
4439128393642435861391888228862161582205771186938296499633571218847225435482241772976029740807151825694346388408247223423817081
4171338859609192030035030504936231948955422469935021643277709598491047020926862755743386040228384976638566676326191183360208322
3510862362886970176404175491659583359746924395962009940383204211293131363439339555697993521569537948812781342292800263161257581
5726969821251892647951678196842942528264097032325730950425154233756415408461741348237674984518538018983212811201588754756679009
4778823499024627173529601893322692810338013854983738107737211008580929848242105038076828712411467725165215358148210018424891037
1496776225022474894349628318466731097093204838845621769757160832213029122420309244726997275518899114578190401052089674878889558
2150627813505105989559012023523240177523105542484058646465606833626398767902073791909228024464129808047176621447241995834760361
6052017973982660323612282677894938232580284277106494794233888932365369180563831962638387127741187828046331415436706723759407894
5180894648613337149931873741726031450761346316713499884971063033267583243155357639761188673059015634957451632776491096066497095
7359097724129074389636668836328680896804756391700054500433769926703593431467797993796585602417512809374217324038244052246360155
0320127339112689809171849857331267778192107524355671645529083978652864384633410979534318842451250352236642968028403645196181521
4118883887076525329129847815663385510560303081843081502700312066224535446821931779450723308317216723461024137619749777688133771
6860925861993428345905718490095572908986315074234835981417267582301259888782018674341030424958141289788351602467046638469818924
0143824935249223588362256342022083873670928848969341583470612068807101099916137780686058304339569283167254333748135808339800772
9845042645815548051061661959342234028016893229602886364367950621055704775648720419681077874002883738984453187494339471937282961
6185757617018491828131168967624272567910874050935111978401025105754755523134728391834040088198125315748002405260114662632225537
0001356522238346600683651153474644012974963965580249070955634679932657691126596449770936543341015260416997826513343646145044283
4828874167962259991499503673600129164632862005208870245173240873585329607224314026307889603968799682624300985376989091014318333
4168596789573195113960639290119776051474016854378309232971533989042184885619296187870057410925857690307120789952188315701548184
7815816015467871136014863206025674274535612873638378381437080759117487117954420502148760971346576864484963796596882357424854163
7278776070084196458814159988413439534481041061939764299982929635630954177993909110795537307351830954498765311432170571984412940
4866643127910829515007652463394937334032003939291631862785106424516937511685939908344347334073225050202328398177347110978277589
8801678473026832588217149008639268101698714830248585119117348101801713106570301483277093069752495633755950440945309944552577536
9617526174545226424763055218268088790352736241937230497521917254797890205799826169553805927031554132395993133419267021828416925
0588595739388380595646159745519694245103070425108579498054959496392270944865180508024017295767451162258748775694293117545535076
8702772928743292051022384687311462236447455075709507160040356608423402093661525464261088741775321017969842598962589897299430978
6237136476697160214138655273076686746008630927947783830802379210660809805387482347921808311217785296709410669748246476297410657
4956721962293257951828094615247811594706401567441027963919853253912294488061757086648296894406025064932611868738979275806148213
9236140986639524620047147846000572917224921424609362686790157846221057427556655153843449488971368941339909014048314921826442675
5366378038534835924469785482056822213525701444985254633404597205774596447015868437597513680309327466710395924280351223623339183
9261759487436784234076954133371789265925256106206142125748755816777807349896143234487553341181444300315188799020606387261852065
6449231339989879656134113568400091770993505914272783860814830316499113207580889761456971111735531955653301180535329421263128180
9593132987957417462820592468596242875901632353771559986709766159903387546786798526051530972235857175987208754226458183961092508
7166010270941368051527588903270384190676373547534758318035208065713808112773649467017099455130795910402044915843292687098488409
1937469715418217414858420673158652244798733546985659728265347906685952080207655697652213278741491999837300249957163250199620558
8228542398195856592161847035652366519403982135370687548941385579105164032051119406009514327346290711302155896619001736994882959
3637688922930586118891425546901071630399830689323382607140358997300211646909715463890915726479319114588493474688432142961034974
3846092487931514115420051603659542019430636869539365331821500084544038227936250365288930517356505814134292254191756084661422225
7491630641568207270697424777290522332626816338241009039782131614678232351819731901409187134000842000166738975995925878926795417
7070750968877352578247753117115107850387026880348329157736320326010941179590211312594408978595708610843851283204781916328035469
9579425490712849875219973084577346692279033275981940434988363957383909743141776369454560267346747976256694629456374012164182136
5715566001611830336152118124700907641876141203182109095013901373890817946278609009427237417191831719001170380251629245333691467
3777911831700858846402803605902436628175309291503492499557547037759922326055839219601687167716391664999501580752878380637519910
2345655297190543682328955031766959976133728834616422943753268441547260728586436316967787919247613972239277147037959837372479832
1264917138428370036605146743753527478105136932962495735773676134552135849746496312485051160777893753074748519890909181403083444
1019752269689676763134331558096188560591351764633604225395078892173960817806638672836991960044167937282088675278982806967963563
1646009447412568269213391779579827953653829284427738902923460839464242874336523939561058096952551188341759036552715805796071087
4514073980834947668053426086988984219335479873558292410478690803080693664498437799009591988658726439726875547569087833595254435
9375888306479510358575648650751703046541164954438171217850843228076528589259852655316343249086105052230853543970799873699798265
0497165101239642555970983822927664186264700494353584434852254137560612395432178721562325965038387864052788810184396252265391565
9637587742861000445296706995627451301787108835157787393998256171661400401789319408568582769562951011299994449045177879050273430
2769638085862574311449284998834663396793439445498698446119611616703979283028314824805123683773362437290195603306996434216889157
9746240352274295235857973544138134283682808329702423798784675201114018293748073782256043515882634590777226313897991318556273667
4701746730536780180098002090253702648694901490740529266632381315672027202981413355374788940709298520432491519903507229198264330
8070148149525433117389602780506057744721609297582112109576333690538110175139908485162827329907610365996630627743121137187293998
5104791573207818901442004558359267736381147580646586301522698902268860041597652832411905302035950359208853670857974818287006889
8341316079342584982610662915730694074266548963632208359785240542883719157226848170269734749166834340935627403531307648991671361
0980972555646214322144321439065894684434469993258702669138171566031352957356377641038155398195278908409758982420498643103410893
4371601001168990355540734973104369357289155288304862691393888938344400557230712070949783924178880475136899894295722616103660902
2650480054074532640486048424756932242389804525662345983096982594522899748828272298964877383316038674083325253436014966605240140
3856519566975050055663208955514019483009113366052382153385562181732228724721105677879336134186949728875130780075511950816508916
8078373724394599222427487550133729616625008462045077201670397039714132392823230257154531053190372696559721189464062559107218427
5533555275076610788085420797340154399319379967237990930040901555785674670104205199936906742420190549652702261090687000720033243
6220111323366364001766649253557628713894497231901067623752708357435827393686138195041002675760831950319558894058730884453262921
2672277003207147557184524907281442713352109540367339513087567600977008089227949901291846746947778742548425956666175882640922513
1341364992092721464190832131115386139839119999152547728030982443332120739263533376607896512917871745789498861904805336640005368
7658494769549719799407250503812834345058648333149043237321838262779633765459673785919568562329102220327192186018538985265090758
9891469225677893167626557199385256479464450147340948798817312917938176509424351376822942297600700655298360387396846679746727135
5585419624514115780086956162546737430419445855772977848266264876064891998070796161296726855803937113862539594644902156882096859
9369735292641205270247208512449851304357935258980017450069350537303506725253901558161348011161752800022469320895146408450548005
0250792460158595347750598522833094847081172052676835161342784300572879217498951077354750791561533069799550859447965317570533329
2215924262194811929293333565918894008757945953561673129802085846175034801490539407544733104736094736753035909391436637603434211
3003828547025999647155773214469770001753156334255534694689533941988376812539304881256890976599139258146884644045613614613975749
6800289970404751783592624836999186310592737935219914459902710041374388930994677919752362443845898391179354567028930335795630336
8505759963363966237797610984127231223565214326257640335015223496586184791131912377414208061741646388077399037761412502229212389
2367769534630970786705110465175915418118488516256049569042500049966228999665875815493320452276993289094558376973109778079159470
6740493910513290939463082366133739451516673396242163998658427933891438988618879026121788841470475041492666218138874169322768351
0357303411110414929271994301686020384849443986791255124503432672170825267728337655437754688169388290097504447359015466216468554
8192240142847884347063706580178899765888936207019662263339819670804657575316021484690040614562949295841542317355852873318646994
6622263158780477778507038872483270954479088649415292887077869603719840994025710565546888311161500807362774885446004022146890733
5176307819234962298055575706826929453118700498832781969398229886642207165799263179818071674130902753482145042794765741675062383
2751302275326116756435072977812989216925193208517438463427139377868288067976273977283764655073728859395428187073500573181560080
1845833119022235738677681522695682631533441089840982284202257527507809093077654733824218731845673599302802574363126193666185391
3166900131346963127277355530406427740614776135936937104096485949875917688047955787215898240293170537866227146364747857832752126
4669645223062976703005533676266421855057200556768903274559944244985743499257659816488004923631139517399183550005987669212203452
6297157628559223790562907965128004350109267209905657347407682698178194211365899319173140023292544735908289515011446104226422300
8502054721545809152280155719799579471628904200160322267901551608506906168294064129630324866997658363940456422902104004108177137
8611455694956943077268590839116881863962149614279260195002902444128093061737269752861412765172102748566330731758569318211290162
2118077432186424807711637317365270035214176328074110410477259086405158562676552653953649314850972984909614735542131768665131395
9130318975369645829745860603018652270421321400871933193989890358079853776989047665775272263249474986926107253991947206182591757
4325629926598371530112760898633445089584186304063488458578614511450976053503391266403574144006236271752461276059535144816112805
9310962691558816998084824217608875970240851404516558899699931821439837002656912679683111747809512293159335274051955163666587739
3902386789985655245291475443305453851903636698632422663873769701394003436882941095444088054500028643416504275287739285414766428
6731684059779922460344447840778233714899809573570342484286950672469381242333715669289828470432847009362616600780028432025743033
2276600041430073716292091375271727222342465787797822281415644677410001912257463959430983836963509288786612692459635796134586826
9782224784159961526251458006646854715817922665126779115397720973464372703397941849152840323345005890646175543131277561028472366
6526167561528291467123805366888888939086346365110568387291388627679455761130295567840390067905361907699677554800553539940686367
5318634933920742765367288875699774586510799452591417236786364826083325845867157040527831875773026806940962750032015566117391953
7493598975572064199793468603272146721884132503560554819191261369489899329392181449153306365084506335645635211479940033483680033
5666857577286998209607341637144223997808492861427974015972123407497307671199006287616123632355515817115708130939568369663610192
1205647133800994070282776117664323692713443344045889466640364601504907846992739340462456897562574412472399343745023522153250853
3330319212199788930516095800858918371890861157149091660451404495244272634139073531985568539542425087248882661841548689414190274
9339962909966865014181214015249254327772461905399600921043142492498857240896128334661531817157722725029302364254696461600120855
0275915123664954327692393323944686811113159039391999178218124646929218008261416648150717574114279175738099624550954907847794987
7571438595941848638134927452374529897917662628583906227103605014116793319790628080501185855732090732338304609688113595225239617
9130230309512350610529542991215174872450882806867068241227281773112095423160023040208987280292016395893990306260033588936149291
3745658203217218584383948667226718968580182712181973947156555599253392240064780457939033740602796118129681262618905670233538489
4412418271808065273371380680584774737632471892264742468899650839254371362867805781616736426407895133489629389395846145646724319
8489210495984684333844268191310832723383161085211929007986759567690696951893569242504292424131665261321552489038411809330750578
6574010925786704765333558400961864682658986685222505394734228960816617397028634600968531515638569668302469579752350128387282475
7078834237219808682337835724461339925697109440081470255808977861161896407485691000442893960515108700590859410043250399284457162
6826005017559754965121660973424054878627050600950197534543970583792709158920574211453104472613133226055927030752116724686804441
3714997658728942284217722016417944347609973564690519305766123183125986230197933675112901682033357194516255841107152642532141304
1057671755594723253182271537993425618933500230542903348744403011513962182314508888904498037845069539547674219152154472098348463
4167698979868847784276420293320039606112408368549434641654634849595716003611837153708427260322734964264330233981684490094968636
5842205187892994596332543353231430273153910962730263311288493948447613898642287416656513718409931065308355871917064045665758537
9483067464396684153711784947324331651250593602460374159868530726671454450164268258494437853338327466263116015842104260460184775
9918327983152500807062535153855232542858746567492036007943220587038833257219577445237712255513226337182088357385642452970244677
7796979178949646284046620756567408638628381588842960380640158418933607236535455721736245193350129856456748190582611676103108397
7474868470568488770868160856619425486013084529184753412392811134951027143914884376770407337322922148422893409126222728159404831
4025970172900887552972543571216650363430374550536726543515591505239084581125341961497432836939375430662456975979411649814396281
1376673671354389313333179969625064091561856231653660770117134131024861451548997992193443491241771601133879416546391689721119253
7812382563778834433247309068407407067582779720037171842393136498269365501469642413788690972515921121053433102407538535462479581
9706575053071949026852790205126415890557321745536935615519559505631029223517371185086529237733348358256190743027438758336144576
9006414531022472111125196202814342278375571427110180645405421603811535358205031055882679708681076022342218218061708622772715466
7014411937404524372862470846165036293398376604107823885481595132489354330681978934995519374885800444029796119672180751145597990
2217635875626883098820646597303117864519547801664674186453314965253480085119898512655154794357106383983041271503641895125251110
3512252235837181461231288315033867607629725036297297118913502488196313074376766607719647753171764776345290627421411392489636355
9367329989873888631983207743830247822211335192876356701620415814984875713241717521999471919347104942898869901044085358319426464
3886932632919049176756333953836633255259101098478704964812325499313834184343270599669768380535271527046781188364512125103089728
9085400532850996923140563913725057699601728324308946983801623506065312434754540522710960789580013319731801582815683477412184104
0482120489559053393661539069411739064074531226478250805786509477678364657275374151794004014104036094940006833641747026194721664
6223030054108461763808112515000136243498515799834948548188322786124370768805042850586372228996897524679407164853720521651414447
2045659821087414454414430804224189873085215197748925231475200893842348103097879724089151789730563882183249354356129862099874841
1315828776287414001746118239879779806183081196189658013775774856212674965726153082362347461854112895332344854176341904165597409
1213515137476784596057537684608135941219538557595828609988436459029859804112595309586038750020095414785054256852539919216535980
4484140865975650257767631970278524142097436320367062170812973468859967284286099661751054315067110058820945519136720185944895374
7742692644036659798892433853855040190699363942257261289132684570773772398269153067661790938476854192452194252168071064023197248
0852041937859186893599452942342756186406516322350714595377388609314520833365297395472603829432190992959559426685189491282347057
5433185143289951693194250541689460837628217616946850778491455755537650206858581434235195035172795441448516354831307931147174885
0450942348007827481803050062279398301950579282155758680606572572109484512358059858330484516434220157350961537316843651345720503
4380803663067690067136823238680695720389449212682650668097530448778728543739620300359368766106338322729357455486494754904098461
3264642960305581246967575470210497486665490038206044077023048630121578302316138939937893860519106763145890200076403810118822241
7107639168089983991587862527040150737165433796689810859573435301169366192576251898692883826389304101824844158348543802249127582
0669598166832510431109943775944521732861864105283325341271770704933734103372804558821648326293865298432780241079718755089452707
3568107971104085428061715527742724933050823192969880425640410593395489624255402189258495659521212800172822796344882503818407485
4194972547530169348356862971069263077075953903800152306693089832494384056021498593498576727061441507427007792270872575143948044
1172788991936383893646302947517752222941032857029795292428946787677455477081292410506859204482638074930525197495818984377516119
8708727404823062734669585099177621030117278743659596151369099005394128728746425149879168020045121622056893025422397438542352826
5536557575335193916360622332260209029723091397745281648820143235533928946294383911963312581783465260511469849131842805230470062
9799128949323644060685917638538635211442541566486657515013727896653746677089071768007544683389875228688476415065723679786222857
5615573863935839938823973115950563644124889855629743447770458847381603667537087961954383608440966294356327727154342428403717584
6135719365304945156195903748702135001035781887797234160617684449358873860897697192990886253607384422197173334101390229305548708
7355386834242660296627412137907269283682869702323709426719706244145140528071269497974044139621935732608883353990706800769609401
4117824188478783409286690916041542923147052848706784080198351893505523979781915688089182588499549735693880215954821551279637108
4670168752285459430877011145545186817108898834243886734027847064654587388165854257852169040893626949216503073312235415138548138
8311486748387427946913806861679281620866414231742557923760474181682196182819449180979395793050862114181314437692082443568986323
8048322367949325657177291617359572925594555792044926031542356556453504106573058251613848469630469333674263842694166478603019606
2241419420107086119951172130953831261301246015464350985640311185360710868324911647982596380951605647282292847958812174415734380
0207875370509633314857109554449234589264638078127939118196136645009058962335018366740029205503954796978369681506112588271652726
5224125202089733016629542238144949897132285324338195131993745529968240465385054246763922445031407439625787648928055552616882109
2793536617404132317781661381899391556171029177272445009604125493001682989300317084296686416290208482553512764370697922889547543
8188433691033017668731418898412943576673580084814405684350547059200277266867531820522833168888834691511550304066275553413432816
6069781060072723977215798057681530374205235352090719032425665651313169145801463663003622748057443073337332287692516062915866474
0991144941963456299854456491439712458220412985735998277280486665724362417204461793739331274746630407706323572187551658131522029
1128985384630705817449509424373236680198643102398192723995214101875334517122923435752591437827690137749416921444994412824571229
0933149859869844034267514737213635247382994476023098139584524288805316943149032915781109345152673212416893459588048333327424649
8431499800476711779747358632413776057189971388402676768615975922425552726845845057116844980552680355154340958763735731899549226
8999746969039035522234132566990886859367771300359825363759150761208120895977530444860283076544729935781975800213516901282765869
8578384564148446021966192696855640744733543364607326875346561423047230035981121889907856300901288650704791837601613641976512860
4782737185453902550739147496508870329447551421595794641391271174654998339963075546317914475664543351090858707240517793471880344
0532832780888888968522715514533732512924561999915854959906252640056974250958067417634581049729155174966017949852499049433553005
1013570953208696598838952288133824762193269724513979589866416713036164401176767184475902330276700096926543877198993766233942302
1558731482683686439823710758826362624215320659618968974586082717778992330445630506757688512508423035162517304559268454636939287
0350643207571320038261933704850349754594287810435189119965241800581118358691680807766625340717143030794170306528880710869836401
7542021244067320014248296046012617744009265286583021536650506535157160764351137973007620114482584140630719966828687210278471738
3972594767241483050839240086921327315906881022442251582254034730627668558044239515436332898375100074941146541911588915186647677
0697122022586499143860386882839929813751234590790881003673047769341255221587898768035294711863803910391010620206350075218304635
0915512582808181894140392610882201933416172227163788895549745243551406730258634514282881847090763083210060265428731131498145196
1501512625884967191270103224021116637844888067197984181082849059840793925774486252348044423174920237439188586936474269289045183
9546757728181045784907692074408445085975750656689918729547020741600264958315888287557582915125013916814828453001978125724956413
3762013269830490722798916645093224443451891592652341999436840113601558507630551284115296518475712532341410529593546552381421688
0535075660768315265313017230395001783344059304089071262026544062275821507449160749765605530180854702975356649517426392492153632
4462229922158652059017569592409947967925255644154395071833612619360534506981545280294824268624971434641426791536487863590137885
4122860079882835156235088149203967906043976190683635109983922591971046404170885166646247578979128875141127938069850765269247014
1129866849265718274907637855113066201183196338524085201233097892015346569822121339489136356302467977157281536251430774161642528
4989929495806193845801738597980701228751796772240750395477795189154079611747433960930484756810247462060407330702869333431213592
2584408285550889731205066850550890247663800179003073740079409662955268984464235081016863796902152306425169108972643255331837648
1846495490902027499953838660575831876113795963871581292212984733841932116361051031722680807069640515568611052917719380714508500
4730368154761060853591867016650935034777443474265562879400822197268954342492544791524055284219250660710445080227842874954141063
2999165237216316240588784731941187402326266210523501276042349025855852110771327522344504598981978041650966736224822421754899433
2237345937661408885897695793709671176319094949111986436639240560063478917538944076082940836147591761497957719533329126550091001
7598999755791735199200904311392506066249434460145555306422386713523721542555336766166589674039359217816140532997872100172694264
6085462229902194135463330821695657542854346332891821785703935541518889566865952336969577854576497261635473651422862788436766766
9330926718781006335569837395334762725138935227106710853342363931868717426383038886351253414292607302835343171708502682390162568
2759725885383603903963134803626246023341697535265756560586925977858745569648871684971845885034365173610581864076735566479105747
1316975221277998480665738247654385735782940591833339656446094875845628844928541054371377477189441032462815404076598890156931227
5084047857098057061549088214576495134500797236087647217879151791731034614882352668503598335757353547259171118367223224526235321
0797097525215466425082977546510079918770199122108187284931098479825643355771575695825936128687263528517399780086601002282738464
5882108977367740469432474363253310136350409797015594231680654761034810033039280285322415385168502267113255563957206593967018787
3765499022319437900072126982943230712423709856742749800481145115762174065774560039072882469409389283337021169962653600686979665
4601581997618072107980461792417647044978305789885381659804666757198975786036139854382381412304035407153678163339829269303413079
4804720639771780250811522331538529037693400650190090078194406321327819886301852415216493527923345326577327202798642624789731981
1262413264233591997549583133381940611046336903584987787247990058376502498817637376736904140547566821566316367905947287384644751
5776817509537024183629053964111738625804577685331848301319393405578215972673272833105126341165662081776587402862223607527237841
3028857137505052452119497280084550108942293030946862851209526606327291674235480503744471700882929025765105260116471991605614081
9340100683840148792620022922546803909003134351687693370396127613819896251128556322124687119185535407506368947843781106277912265
5837860085277971472343245356960717599185735265281223333386501908378356024658012834775741482445665420888316355875215276412206400
1493889817668204302273257693995210600140074382228307911629842034054862116792315868260039297702147104111933826341459504324514560
4753667010660505615221578575743422389046538837003732162433830910088895626144829160559920876420293005201234062697339903600869729
6354021869352141987691776069755076073591529011311969753213483772524805097648788519425735403544963778868397356812064242294599252
3007002284988957442402223796792807680185699679494949671140500739304141518373349678385232543712822588498429151363366914067465545
8768505870421737992314357883218463757749966400771061631074878673057982116800200818694276568644501192730861238043718483873582182
2517111306024948547742611078204983908881805478217286398022649611447119014425201196572509914583877236045184752832586045682283149
1376425079937583047628837215348969478849396716756967260659465804416943561566523910593617918317955498182529845524570831173841723
1739036166752846450279902298627287438597800774942709861167238037011909085160508767640035085875297386568223167138576660874567993
2749444684052418908020211162253183694144723421354516311236418763218072849726536005435788876083510665834462678112083821685346156
4979778261313034734593447279308534789267778320343662336147199781647935359075816167778411424508493052174895307203375091235720947
7206632108909493796814807157234843620292819404196257674170712616419318834035027854762640349933755746419728237290445935893359476
7972523340752476063451026561953128800722191374241698295085331249527419993680680244353440653002242129183827478637542127263140061
6106361246560664390746249407209413785337414934577733325155578012914242942249188259728108681483189855141297703781608717770284437
2459983080689617774602481236618573771655193699359105459132425259318658958293509205828433466503731104595644550263940782605577596
7182234637562052669040625972588934688697821675314146092726738283785184154736418695256280074985786382718815935852352072100348316
6798709996334119952629721938215622401513286500076236957073743607147857811179119661766817565585334251822559283874472847953361475
8077368484549177973605286548826253514295310845993496549862916394171225254015547467894554807332772219846678815481086218479850253
1557723569466563274008492657223419903746768944164337126986375831639044695750746490501676088871281694494821017358352031765251392
3419994305802489285895038983304368890483549511884971605938842543322203428568381657097437964153561863023468226697072309642108698
3155924019915150179568158859379848450337436841515789553391587979303261228659176045375192003213895824215877498665997186076059865
2999137472267175701076913261675494050812219217526275916261893447733447516002165559492227300890776947227359067981526656072673696
8601098495166116027734424221556221472614130194797807299983947972112789211510616421380969053402247170620773625487954585201101683
3246912051329707460282887222043348831157339566467828142441386949856139091307353393247884498427787480035549002968948796358423112
1150576199110861158548115562719716941558388002376600504843363323295796185489468606412792484061811432762347078760084900402466948
4752997880608034066503743367113742314926769742881109939696550927489876774818149369014784149716022391683583701555271412269098049
4122947315189371954201913791790379829165934721428116210038908501041491200253464990161405881080768468552171131345401309484164251
2900730978305956981781132350165898118101889333020350831669690402919195278513062935410969054110767363793161548411520509850489790
6317140142444713262780353377445709754525526526100220931420853524029521161445026020859823577131205174501439000115119816705181410
4499991523210057790779337069784661258008182657881453125037535965670105347302421579889956188914279278573529309721593121892469205
5508146256593369763940336135259800659809619929794178470062048041370071430831208645554427627646035391559292722312680898801625334
1648967526716449029810215023304697906807519889979105852637730516484206305531886474058371893246706713362439898050285759339179316
3759482577410685684593596493926547017312369150876917333521714609230709447558843397643743851645851153700140054595127571231949538
3562024855350127743440468170916592187245116700044293261821848456699166330596624128415577062851344089770503995251522564366175797
8477766635255068732724822778949890633417123111391309938080502220545229819981424955190249946666498348138015162432180329219887241
8326147305998052694691664218432203744648063166741259109591553998325744681167769329433557902221338261010505326465825260282053606
1089081066369978288230079958586716934294819087031912657105656191281125863299636207713663767265987214971817617524167760055475985
5956659161052521449892118359418646820302358805073751690270525811449427458601574354728795417080178749838253936083489079736869589
4756040554221482987126925729358987605986625930694194674956898248814661136244491613548633391179640626903451535330197156879634503
5269657254348772763363513450959859105237330221730828709908803147787150002260299247932869706456162552333441429917744946610133738
5165094570822740809419687589443353580562603424278039485215120717937567901150913213688361129548604982677760158365547321585786532
5721986004191270987440236388972839714531938869537328769699467486823118683325371541953906389947764104960444262942308606574783420
0825423274999976416479179163665065444342056794814403615470874263539258759123358841581177125724615901000777617590704389294753780
6742419699812742131364238655136167729098672287631443854160975671169256136755724718145831652290376122821890697634805848496276496
3900848450956356316829187800619138955746586281240305331127062820418337136267131988611645101253214320267600642044789378308027813
7768142101816225544376840102775693516634889161775441232950103285109025549587962218777853283361116377890977393111956211092720773
8166062372469258701826599477785259752674604446062893635372304334593302933414637458058589360745838888558751703330971096452276811
2564850420537564339701047323195837094030546459418840734199428562634836997313660393990033302759129375346102025176996197579767609
8872870135828449673289983810960029335233706075121561262257287764860415827304140209641297619500143080704997500176861691643727930
3523914550868909381989245660265536145050317774721868915147125702074806836551953216452075481799528663908105214114354861340552001
1593559589951778598427586959614078571783195940556392469576085221648989891950185568932203712798348499019366215767685195049047391
3677450698912939130282894253043150590674429032380702463421683822229640128060377145549638924052619130706857319423374607432012118
3201722283329551818782298921051193764095244804825793425784091160773607662095205922340014721050275267634431286245410339294369403
2407761928636596422414810603411396624762992445889584536298033386878386163466235099237586521069756385945437909851885956052776101
4551892967264629771755662186507262378960508623998075765778878560332855343021946501189553259398537769291592769103084773248272732
9106997275950792264693136508466046590049216555344492329753333502148103978681698340982507624277442543719542272924397318970160593
5003643337652703728951291818235842005801228735393820041591928726474748137284662169580644065969190131576241311478203049648965040
8986752392715741495979561841249049222033021019539768600866686767034142327899022898431650915325022449300084738502689817549514938
9360763437700859982761849014720209991738148978736994931574590369983794309597034958260372656270656787930070334337332515206838552
4451175037964641122624713478708404279076794770827862704532161639277525181767823672699083856308324336587319988741595847500500923
3042463864865181170367979354550819973787820266099597727415684485159423697903917044701020373206808416942704276522208882269559354
3048080200899219985092787175219925954199186801590258882778436766885446862979938621696230463254471930200991285622531815432909506
4494465194385245878424876179842789271630946260267264275467756829223006003558035998437034034758226419782837401641627699056717218
4254906820448949384513753027180628971432660348348526219339979967375196656324459448972917993637121707012531419527163028051764969
5795056709264059459045347065077313003930925374715251843125468051992798115117609874425243624614071216341941951333443769594712905
9786422961702175763231201440570153261798473160575498751716552119467779736203318520988291431980397558340560735449110931384906041
4425505790631864513694023511858116075339628625002969403915799344384754821079679161200533710912237340094421570796695940926114650
7558163384552078162151051048460153091046870543482529259775071328325205703384361917997334121827387863984861026567298429845774499
7024151222382954834390823993921385978213128615164507102313528814208567079688499912070171914927156859122712993045849060653099070
9429307166946990362134229731057708239430020956417601592711428461279614801214510176796114831132813782448589275144006367262952407
6718941975166588281116323921210724119843734085559061091993083658912394337924185488399990441930203011310984521684045028699686488
1289068200800732284238439423123562064066343303384293220311845805205731603115472146721163687728630207002750751276592100892794448
5346713601139175262412572458619231213504622828349869740030359059521925593845499598173510818770588358689016443776827808183107359
0509643523301353915236067697449265692352443278187907371809463832094767055096167823904552345535023947977150405485951950799761287
0296312146861071422545805752124301678869184550494728174693762162879350214577985621448093757895707899661121270041521839117379026
8409726864010205799722565483699810469720898682668219634727965108320651761711145638969114309423068089263623838477654883333920986
0701982653061769206880551891091640218809670563459796391962611157072335109465122237619770084725609181414534082646884976727487576
3526106930335563839568672131933814040405238902124634964052890265269753914225841472646860370300002991439661062411618062909298184
5489284594499017553239845981638823575689673477128445661568350850251951827238826810782941625211567718831490113495662231409070347
0761858518186015339779421490664354210470217380607247145985104277374945800693689645130689632481933731656998223732805590077884069
9539065740290512427091282228814664586680546652097563995149483899551962642839270109575078586841792310434801955703204357001468021
8203312934682104375075307914019684558657139598128081066927393125488596174624606696359883862043330061635166484866461998328167370
0125977272761404461319903866680344397363067561278546743044165247263103505646656505183679223334371532724158953424891372755170794
6917119468055808943262561786048361427010843965462318965409483983665658166958859076133376429071237660115286920877219457193653148
2210582961962854397595552344204221218872408837841098089244290975638461916790216426889841183579823514753626176299268639366257142
6938938279494808076759108059141376006848614180404742864748925105751439953802762622388768762467629341123548099684486115445621424
8751508911757378238494838354486964489105407120238937324611137021997266296685725619021335556120419627792798600024754767811910130
8942964732151281745754352094851080075271176779020939272053185795856508342400932987956154784656391491859464794187568016580758549
7093803490558017110343856896961686184727738060163871518042243290379067462803909424058805017311424240997471204900355661374314140
1566736119124005628798032033275204642554171747963659618881718232992872787295516246973812659316873285663747257448232242034285446
6562507237663679024109994426672469847713139656813945226527911495634070212834050520202668179078431355382392103665110926728808163
7163337093376914471075674332970801236470473885515009415164064219689152465011362048740380213961234696943727976782304542628115287
3743855222420028553131853842508021542825305338712873483864679766747424043976484573734764155416545908654414383080932700776375519
7834242892295013548785979422302177591758705851513681511359120504187140172485698646885346881713211672798953029529425679446990175
4633893183134377338289855331963450809211760110920084232081216223646405738494934518180959043407239414117561447413964700328518217
5433662660787097930154056128793373805525457327147412372094936236754711564146018693671222546348461125048100620268398154557791577
5116486674264823893675387799935762509658389400995246436075653037631158518006706329179420693907432583221559739906432889568752110
1646689708083793966601961846963380825939768409816872372745312253381435289673316700861369097472435861788080748455563750632269991
2394913678196583770021969391869849166343366172108313828891776494450171319520427070741615104344197304147604907461161478146821535
6970220265997137270733854244424832298730380713169130932100655564124041223879414671509531965328454187192449944156019761861229509
9043786409994994408835814038392730289274231805044666470305971162880140578631950679277309655392115372566040718447348800220519568
0260472202194716089247619131312603168906540268723365507831041804698080034582459501938467511494620080710391206340388730610940838
7326118518322238969330571001468796819573761190336351214992854388628577544497438052708919701742914513344327189122670316147267946
6390506784888882547755768957113718192319906860888999507544967824165514074944084153555022322181782516106164395236293833936377054
5714641021392941796626276072711028884736425391454865594302431453743809683815572479844749782164523410744380979378894640742103628
6367297859579910614284261237130263461592389581599593438725404642412171244089574507753692124870352648825973497683300706972608091
6528879643690843406788232137812536357500339309765626622435903074816275044864634059559694905228929605192781404349845940406623980
6885914653705063359510874305420852766939519431522048421204491529430787666838710231728773489324489696476746687650429532899868255
4233440617969212981294448839630057962261459110072028596849512767604956758310477460111261843845740348872559542671712436710774055
1508618282454022497140169566835479909506224026572100667557407598641042136865104440157420255694196211078208396396117860451776365
1507239834904105526832362883413042406464314583874137343256081467177503191240584039921334732134114272817444512404536172921303844
1462051089737008115697275867129401567569051007638125298802754342170903145796642346081652330045536281219892265708368809837219879
0453685864744973901237027525243434738854537803039815016737120599127474654581496567442710142699846446910049480896669404203340348
9346689990227089014642019407223078337725269644715473933462904642091284492249290308972584444368741981346317066840314608857364424
3692842182371137943388889815198380579665396475153546930512504814795832691928659417816231253704717088404598973194431677726441667
2526815319204901006066476270701860537782781626529137506566276977867530476935375522834441559090476111355166836264357254224488482
7009126058180938597916312502300245038383750490075362057823728327394777642420436778059817272275806207554818391187127829756177915
5110816584935888048243109800031765306763187568267294316288420157299418121619714954580527036028226556975389796598626288986624596
4019814997533165299992337612192568036796309043358811887855691200355299547444919142751489527995336846485123932685995757878474429
6005599839728025790953582536623365308961400544193243119538823245141014368431208016452105852057876883877763572171550179791872562
2500356597670124887859667877622171934055903916486360738831160634956448169247221568037938498171280531058898708454833291828495747
3109569215216409575065435532987897643346725582420896049058159554867798859087403090846590114662541568279219050551516019161353868
6185483127396494726368946515385004646852626975268477683334752638226219119476553266373574505398051454753329418244962919295715945
5344724458607009080560091971792387153222793929070066348570583467465266923727598378490443838259560132593811322661974372369019403
8458407692595863178782843772482279508788218196221474525584418608306184633515880367399229446502766746947115360332883675953446527
3121980707768424272697486172479450164639268792099956499632892432254994295106673987928794494946432347077043928557939886000171261
0577050269924549664323393933836052936324274196559262739026908246179444460993650264121746529145829029909925451248158087279201429
1182711132849414035693613289891027291528838438771406387710865605582990490514444755922132927296236610194750925496351082081251878
2109102647103389955876851996958955042517697886815050668367645651505615553003883543425993431580868653965842109551601532047774323
0249085151080461985544466651926919056622702235431604488689367549402288274733008707563604434799848038664792491456040962095929365
7278999875589390549123015596410656975040860435505974009899756364318118677742869501641184521884257988494124371969275324199080350
2143525889485226056728303512644071737922673006177865168448238248795782597126416756968158704999395137061079007456174899879867776
5408947704672811574519430929617541968994408425732774912564950806181733784295540418756875998713610000715279835936333399272549796
0046618750251923685648324487668060245166359869535034556031423916249395766390348943983259976779662337330101459084587467420377611
6066406518226332392745642377882173038406100184159399300600456331777383902825125059202230966872433187523955621780460854740743440
8412271363530715396852912523334867927661153444730211881314493834485030033457029175684264387115709617680689679312093978999879040
9657869183165570826073481937962858496613310115706782423102371799566041214554100144472536538085009196821977429400245149738069576
0816241320499554734167424446072196247447636657341202004109886635882777290094614656786148313850718338218604613751038747577375251
9117319836426478794488912868694112364734778843674655117850629082666869083673489067903986091210347641126774671760575626609401765
1008118532396406153376026525242599592034858556342525818569312902010080131834952260460690347206525525021427489641699256115948329
9403478796471636735520877378951136546880804020374976748551718084257630575582778549740221982719791953968237118454633169542490322
1286802823239946142833722240859834876694232965252258418975725767245437772637447581851118844815831626565504328510567619469003430
8292609187732000353612944093829468343729520826414837631688769850723905562968822078612443055462285102551209743540366646373935564
6195307285792520347832027057354006551256656817339152300843201008404344101735346974655890347210090580920518304844457209111402489
6224596631460367862650134161563558944936031773882670339156933695467888462978309028912902276648283451994600576418116774756356786
5472438323418087607827579818345851863545677098783823512135936630219825008658803838212318120192887213931109375285743757983871070
3462295993623789324823077363153428519235539388072977171154971504655245868325675529422838022778549930317329461099449011610221962
5200838592621585186795894021330350557903923860725207306860907835414568816984390887997385942459848064357524983387010427408109850
3373256185275744974070989354450321389766066372305525693275351316959271980719451196548752519719437550201627682282540860722912254
5801613469773755028551251430496692677302091408721986707132740326731209806971448849117149983546378567141073671063743582525928527
3697803453226110613863663691507092125649804560354539788548901908917360870034087584677937779281144785927759366742473292064354073
9963717672138768910209602639579145502161357030053667109664830302862052329208650435316813897369377235565986275115675225384254363
6761344873607397157287860030945733938977023836366529156220217899463330627464716487783276767734588772780285540219618726811099276
2472361254288850026102274317845905290678407546967989656293686796378605109224367092391377532276351514638630925654015471910946545
6893284960359512924679289275759756168128756913637757439682764283483027618435659261867805209746618113123871290501000298928987223
4604230631532001258913408929361874112508575772563457725381109205712576762498230243782724863115387239822706836827854691589225919
6353180226120522335706585585655463329450214403091956830465201717296254555917557791034667593584676865134148740185250129625269812
7681527901091326113048786722462348325784769942754780702258059604458735745233803955056030921585788629283445553041509260093245352
7309220586489676352977698261496440058970947266199089765873965038198042811288461602506269407874212537834374031596895817266480252
5671380781713371554805278200673327258182545730441250958579106569242653773093761570049297046722445961242199585137608405012572007
7828486850550976212754252064205756489990487555478160661135559387233240543781534504267534308047400112433806739577979094229507603
1735652617764383585639984486995149658650155492118012228612717608699086389981358293860866276067465797190676060353147557719908880
5809608466540093565672420660893504333126497209645992122475383330847359820073574627113129012380682929130905963299348891171922548
5002869804918377770158242860178234038771989441187910348213084777623351555039769099812484337067510542127104020429900993982081671
7709207109088318832932845793851072838104821066587277352066221192004565750065851231562111055731251503571280787745188052871173891
1300675988020851714469995143129598445432183378365444739669948446307812357058373524561004834384315759687175675721550162755500065
2986343436898030807360652672895860427883496016032784149587776588259863806298337541233639409877580883769111783951961729854269967
1601823981755766290542611869833989750039385604668769648848238807861573337182702195579127745245081404264493592362053024115769418
4107102716492675980158632893016973041072334043127798725365792088221597132425309628489541173280546793641323966773146909247868755
3819683658930608253697914654878640066261793324512623727802178114862630064529284630973855427311675132424529284212748792990550668
0736093271588205855246000014782826243591602482151161574269309829561758900770381929089531747951679154943426373942743857678907201
2579391599623221851200754933465381040789651168701188912204464482208095449667962715138795642341183881460864419304811104815352329
7570162647614550188694961496075537449438462429576197619766568228578156257291119319362788331980002153009584790725962518357588642
2867301400919047583578998934993306274019943104502333712247027666654628326692485228040996686989047207277332133939435024962426111
2800118335388070264161106773949228910777957160444174345990380796529948251126974186339060998840435346432168006747571320370538154
4476893884627071583698402476874552862205711529686822374264860104226019597554331616506435529408791452032863624032022777509172662
2387360521387922188586138212711962601419570169405135474539424296757638201501368935895796012267512214174579198583111876438042196
3207944223864976640314026742675529342045001292563111065130367748865114709153385711357232421423093197866403543774881366812947410
3024015733350974607130082705448223007580421749047845265584744661269361681112069541859763264352543531462633691003101294808859592
1169692162436061367720119759930066692678060291627161481443668541634202666603165593913992477700731194838349007676531720171279849
2751165267818731079924541076614810221037738242037928099580658966017244137214097278777683446450716576425458106456674343770827281
0396856995901845858069688500739423611458585131275613789773338642449531843526049135797567793850609374983112677866381777610197584
1531087534395262206112602286543697479767208631357778942636385138053327121554947922895001619615466561594121066079313165604153569
2093692637556395792176696765614996657813671032355821221008345920651772816571893227375691474134293122057079026746734194976675858
6656377492316720744820927448196522955924434793647944766092359157144753759050894426200065451501628415477521405487862719508590906
8342026934212011048128231645702815266555959471653323962526192450377377432253217447538860983839942343996469379287531744331673799
6119650763732836889688973448048471041648065382987440098529987344461076331072134069257926150018448979279801859696456939951283072
3364756734455969829310248048507921203362218977909063710162344883654504743601191459570909322659994691353369156210663856657262211
1878353636597017372001364702577584897453891661198546393569651046602221858825228640216854117340540870937305588763063713204215566
7246416818039080901692045886943289879346943533530756863194707455582283075691686089441132581902594229725501704594144338085541945
8508829844172609725721048474190455937918008659794137613216237230265268215971845365542440688734702896182248548131537748110574617
9749837159931616345230389269791318525672049015765330922830030005687071010042562156668767526231766645728311230400611546831340883
1042438692813477410787838927504883371438184111986343392632454033632895691282059130126453347410816312739668264804223203706756562
6361009275683200524885847104957823290376975509915625274519396770442677593644815139040216252662268629183385844801360269251220612
2229763646114181877287927118379174699532585850694835097303121614336315830870465640665166803477820913104310061050902102789844598
0133060603914382154852269620976632642294770629603193082836985616373167078617561223317446714275063351779922957184196466970884767
5219496051735919324804049698971068904312201333312370591154056704186542719979874616042547422134608890139798422893654424476506469
5309445174646633737921041425428020908437429638540244462052129439971214228921839562115695079069371301404828066341916732725724068
1929599109824380789046935363381838679112048207357698712063450869013602851026654755608800829647182811384855047709407638244169874
8711156655539521674331213489806723157012020673218852893220562275184063123762927470825532953422135931696172529627131694897868313
9146092529763359061139625016856546857269473202244951373230403084240273596615596144680054956193346943461881907308435567570589732
4427806006379233157431109769793014446131865605460452718401487086503103098553754737499082181376863362004474070049162679495304786
9908319411586467759323529251895892937674894302534759585448543523471481019079407250526711177578259561097423457479183321229451626
1131371780154610377491766557592293428206914537775417828678921143427727968850975607814254333398412178045797967112746828184963972
7463947060005178881443883529993444944563705484864960478232839522887114302507061077267547873033859704180182478601068253214443547
6363654733262110562720880713693267188885990129857236073837004378034866347649760844198517835526780984480422568814264124396245788
7422184144089713717140409869475766686474514248637954570906655127051840364408955207306296810118720773449322716315645914875117890
0847277505961582786741295462154437342373825998662718119420520873688904858163025326891259732777158377960920534957757187301680750
7127332835591365255818677928303920688285753363566564622227243735455708574607542891965353908456436608550001451776173990862992161
3829054399301597187964270168808949938169540225900414534726047012413120885338161369990845308813286961059592718025627205221770817
8092148297686870086401035932812080011392424084497972356658952923082172309746025699168011915919281009722984056602687718337362402
3027398748877048907651150695381083835937725004446873842854430149618594741819924214123640276762016797602129360641044263480412772
3710143070992584709931252199044234825397803955966283897640299886246679348943101389030142066287790993761176511866201467864299707
8525777612726675246376342834401281272453399310074719106459898269090225065025922311415205451670630902470074176854745326883762644
8262544278833799829033118364917993352082125138925496717970983928091600634758984244372250880458595883955890831596406628913521186
6897853799297275638235876552327431216883341950745982036695977282177864189708565950522537254131161076036929940837531981536512451
3213748658129585636531039879081929302798794268346651462737129452506002968774313717689240477017446831448952135158407313634350442
2055874845167569647361541785365745319937172123917988776868257061731415878495755011208403654576322652419771761741735204486134128
1873586980474608471307789365974467503495691071252149719435658541818854563735190343177059527503193288117651496365565656653307241
4168177432498780914163093904219938645313613562804544457122557236850377399062589146156364240794704626265205228184552480787389528
6002548119488363978641919486071068284491204688921592270835983882131004647117906646204653024128798598225163921424999116659512574
2157407327085931030684434640191280950835140906873052295703366686157391470840100604628128222870118102675339834080247719766902753
9516075696286688385617312294770633537786940805769023218236327039881513937432194699645278901401806327344576080861704678059497048
6871189362548323056223946109945917378776965980493422695153032621053464957232674797346887230723234348508681395275248458966927875
9336780663866116286377027773514857490216582712388958421219481975628619943979311778012113187699153459212550397452631591800634557
1884225357321516913996913776484184458840279457439252830670922733976854064570789902403772321837879511792814698370553104269506613
4608342183802630938543364752477985342180204673563980704638103829760160093636516325877632052705116775395863314477370432360214625
3293602222611238360052445923968119215574068058661794694301159396049393023879006675439325347420522015724464971518661959121953285
8043528468318108109054413534510021714964009352370382732039845180887830146914560592175998791412497342760924247174793888155615218
9953136600515251517270114445026178472065320103271749951560132315486968402879259134348096557033081980214662985678737805295776016
2082425869735558279582276249486763021868424618618158613101945224876744522204200404218768513612549469324132911065247448884834161
2715300790048270780472694746992029478410340286154036701148546125752257415749783382221561686531788228065371707859970836437758369
6586934570724918966767618089617174929582836792685611937969070528242452974277966964414407164887044841543253218406757856518905749
6701113102105341541135759678684819193668388121785636742894877294681466156143067331027856246686661690573758062813040020779144644
8573371736029851148801112116958518768083768805313811181481300256743484459392633904102235738743377368774016975057841718194084994
0319902874585606893329741100525933056084182554392753427931707044407179198386674603799910970919558297811591565044725137884178871
3211448717893811033719443147078575334620516368575812396883003880411447512133976398395409888756416803178312866623025053382610669
4561353382089346913344316837392847914820218419836561651969690056195804908190155708078402986544580149409461279682788447362287221
6541324108089851136771616890125941444979071358059045831564141967544312392874032082755961068514362364886944531733042486972382351
1947537457345366294923388536623305727166280503481566200274732091551547741549840732121496504900782994752246247415294786133670139
2790662270964346469038082957923935596601670431239525874522807293008957620170868585946546458722568195100218646703049798761457890
7207291855021167963306163201383620528292099344156171536132565162121580753163039591601562538194503052311054883261440201088776719
7081508994123346370534091387062163390235318525916429277771533969354167555829004274478142845946719915110847480617275074050516329
3008933084371763781228021375479207498806120584984898188493731541257384657224732160257247009445015469067201744844463068899016846
3400853085115213814503196501389761175483359326430453738990669485692964833263969136641748087708764716019323095274097377414065683
3262060508094820191682139681063256834961825192399541866597766579614721818676700322392895466758698832928065782064894903472978312
9760920512587884215163543988536526156574865982745337953096380337326849623081010538502752692990846114093305595114511445577198415
4534258782640418619628264506406504403447005968106774436451122846867047076694261073542029684272737494317052196031968617018760037
0005723042928179923030772189645554654702738582913437716383318676665447081003973531059059732707456286646505439805283337167567513
6867755898727425848664558154624878031288945357600827739272457697556698844756274091214882872082839937589030308224565293706216309
3727537228724168866963116807318580861851195574160478712150379828696545006021644250770529425526279645439265900826286791538135930
3153997389799559939607422587882124977791743840140703583207584629133167628782910497529520542920062933572958127405711490497737856
9067474435390875739488758031979945416769209293461704806750415570467527973320692921500611307072408238071671039355350126215323195
3397087786775809367683818985726713074834263187298828458889483102002512283284602983872325517586754239568315454503146853407356331
1156217453455804570907455838506537271360924924818686966590633031323668379608702859282734283827376245634390166587981939981633250
3412106433453184147582934702569648764561354607002098617356742259624760387826342970038831595863063739528564750876654025034114351
9541719290749487737141992118412804491779799111981476193385533300689670528815189491502637221085072487226634588032661043056759668
2892064967147629869694614423619676513067951679311770744515022309616589783655846699918308471661872732172650395986258940991120106
5144184865919978928920815222171229181997238748998964019938552954342118630154574987629428918689878418879411760377091395290416344
6885105521575830610256425097707534533542028808834255387318107287078639558846084308180272966744285679093270081574095013341117481
0825712842225983699546990461215024477130525988490880256409773994103713908818390693122587907689102651005737105310805023272218302
5661584786775396459681434880691492087318430940497979741425101788956553140338175653002561188152737818909816437963790481976018401
2333796064755969606150287094100220527676969430567702969130345130599373183629780646448254004373148786027781444947828389799036231
2370159800594514645060430450080996614777495906387714719376787944968432214762676658329959973122495250133837956302119421564977403
8812738504000258149359611948440268119800977088619535948947126735318099451090706379617772423943777604512120621890539370786597632
1363253012488373680482054568974446439190725621429231276569324135313694462859720454323916583978487818838914751980359776090418942
5309412448985837938866251311974802939648013868273488976753659392241870912692861488024484868367836148433592247524575436350374927
9969514974899115014452925807661936280550953879875740514792224284344537632692977097082883985126798768022555743127429841568583436
9127480468310694537875735497900079126170848463529624094796935948030072227221587835070990509651876620138981087391650544865276910
0663274772751898865701481848764433338510687274568588217413099134231887382122648096865873338497066278774094796953376828006000126
2223991886894820013487780739895880221686260123953688255289857284508367990146047269272253817887508457566736245360372546074724620
9022913659536358863270572069247332195356175380482645548420742634480093147625717187780842180713151897503373416116801897541549813
0040126272697263557284035143648280938089213881029883862911870694532327995219687847437429389232425351493591671711796587562791256
4017430425461987380494086228031466897556783584467938250558585791601061306591861372175583299944343371927286490389555179774602318
7872955211264709896492762009841470583148357109101357998512705454425930076065324016499469004837167664624659717653859578461687235
9667310959423600740682018043806968632350609113790915003388710593533872466670325086871976600837835610439552558719613595783702236
5280944927395295859052540423240381366808883628148042644568662154130067762884915257137995873057791352572012021048384019627522811
6995106927652578556591681036413486142384921333996800868230237202393167717311762878194321699747706337864446498735182883503516810
4894127087101054059360113153040095596503789486674685811347198640008673703554343464924312512011781208631600506972544379180978661
3653914862578195810106428140030210938175294156340298752901536901851573154592330206774109827394766622168822827213223926407598523
1752287994131637967328932739154812431240663561508299992489581255396838237199970478414918524473397520840434054432691053868383392
4475254299662836002489198880413157763837585826054191105485073144949660180125415108179810953128183235091235263489809711965370068
5618413924400018858280428271296438533254641173714166471746748160577329614446433367969692047250196643164558060988866789634419083
1976673569829377798715474066924169354140929130742194843186922903877261219583485904128878654906618865153383966440192899927641018
8533161119710252096705226091491715680664590252842043928311396400578644885931777054299394359376613317844464091496561469756448904
8685184190096699452877940339075889148354699442923532123110999704074604303853725375307368452619373244845552599196580274471194639
9829578543429362536437207266353476212156141077734490396691958840205815483098775874456262295189398128556239354143693110486242701
9970409655619169147931181826146996933740442172396548865369872311637351974239103479278809874040155159335694067867509786798916993
8934739229131395268686186934227620999682967502345755750450754377980375485746895673108969778424574385778481433357869228670933712
6403853140387575318798294898252560753364466868740386419346298915926350400035543680556378607221479519818692502368546406996064171
1053081251212324305626596587814428006013451031378599825941680949090154726066128761151070261252589982556578267160212779194125716
2889755089191961889036525987804900491217472837363091046321293846058934856253393138783914577483067599584740608242898988136077107
3871240659195668412257855781781704566864660291767024614816347476774763467463583115867939922590382680508695307915014840948963808
2822134512303137695995007841922537885648949227095598324952993245073100048846948118672641286579492473549786447729014913418849577
7115799710686817026544023974604506965289044028358314166807497671714007777434113787389629694840769613243261303424414900494011898
7392257640112536311638754807439431161718219269700164766558394503991923942217206220355994391249150834799995352874004008637120732
1738169836253384974782709569139552429502554327170357536474522232448622509720551967534903770682965229229310748674655279819812001
1013488426299593714852536878758330763717657950972685023529624029812092380027913386862035092137102088651474613519196497838916967
2365712331332348797178741500614741133803176085015200716152828860157706088237891249512432828832383523202673780925247731837609823
8343543339820274706718254393402391405027365642281414672601521735599554959777377014041823630157212633295524276413560148004499161
6041268421639300061742794731401962219148955309257726102832738599350862047986714418077392903665425072627420761149419742624568473
5903163798089327161860705456299199357142261228683379549747158444438483324626130181126533716219751215937033507622299908730009529
0388816251038799487192843352437014500990877413652618253793690269472286848421450299377527429839922951807455986611893857644960410
6747097789593097432933016398117542211434597285816625911203020562919342940284869769635598001370921459163969583961849156409633978
6058253598655377264266980145151402530578841715801191174134703632064724433621375404185347776838645447066321662228541280092856110
8706460045506764337863851824656889505997963004840404222919355019179623835893581428684583324979366713626899343900308968866457307
7217115588869155277775561876870949020701337732105962145058144137569073157203270186719489063643062743100706189008644101702506879
2134117466607949382162669449831544904500037626615605917490932121868589822502449721652777432598078974018800021624932345792700743
8772537472143251033025302537735317107162425743475413816038506301465925279856675607449722802889718409431120703912286958510209941
4868004080038983558128526716248086993854257004538122139718459319434617070817759239833696965506062568522567601751636677225399970
5772707421791629107161650375371738241195109244751411366251362152446624847548801413381446956815082676765934768156267696685640257
3337783332137332131442737895629161974159375156476294489620941247396447219121871778030180022268049183913926389862808328015747496
2718665162373177306261228085712460052227574664675638031209424855973371465310593845908878207798419801473033533102851536608498988
8594650062259102571664509669089099570629940328720500583665382040942904077679708565306833479512196713193874213822763114277561821
7763922398020531727099680865423760176807414153322182938644853758445162559723450312367220101572741122819976006288279862925391533
0609418074163954317311535425632639460543917210847556877142776065667429208580080239400632276304974925905306867007809952150307911
6324798067968629831501975773028726696101515750158909358262168518496428350181893495977033603403728917956907772455104980623840611
3585603421384321409739580272281986370246357840985885096013164036482124665391931947880815558360671475167152552411643258730493458
6674212278514790724079384829207583320586965949581600859999150201711417012504831581096750857003895316139028753798041233239967350
0724838602272073110730847467620546382405164306488489590470927625949743749910925230346070277479842393578994351426637786933239473
9758486324598916254826474547605389356962763994905059896268073096288839687527478615702716618454224618511400537520151578922366430
0912492025822760544865884599694514920137845684369437041888556762598262707248611887100015044910247510922363893211117566916277207
4970896832680655065722060515676245073680441413700428191825160119923053062012241474629435368642857468208602093702394160800952368
0401643954061460061469538963715677841733067884978557675498904356226239814257513498478706711931106662782912959490144875688684392
6427801429230014330280067244320390813250002494116054667882575684276220510978170909405937360209445943389405620264406898441269151
4513961131947927648793953864754056606418638015682203461287515973198501950396575668694970608763112445843545620657603445132209084
5756001157040952762796856519600056686459818285012859365932754153307811718432937457957972840218047257233193928872388202493970468
5745171294650962698731398420701143198082563097452816181021021324846599968746630383827244381072653879098831871344995918422668994
3440697357810684087609635992103602934958412129332726402190737073092334237927797275626663021730679412659760103153021222137031354
2561873488408007135940986273685629006346887762950502897998328704241551747655409051903344700915847431066705228403387636950645457
6677547618819900422307650673816956131536670246263056210725538571359966918216630406962626983531012334568659195035619701341684239
2420112802529724475156900639848021386946999992189525298915178531829794178899375316321752347503745229384277622075513609101448077
0978966580118766906719339709431650123507257526495690738543102142511117335171869720713914484644191091368983835287599510980274549
7253035688826486175835885694607345249760996565501754434755643707038772708239856393717371875268895624588946691881982666455004955
1229157575767360965832607989363181678043448764770403987112238108580504462888836301106969202711436540526584606392030520555629817
4303800215068042550679859587110369621335305905151798020996167677493237088394878180209234115765088470219122388293468346691575131
7160108019683761926270404198160152789263213718306724711634865022789627807005870451606075994736870542860235641292939358601690892
1281304446363067443221484815128597038007892955460785907630142069752866701460026126386319238710932447939095864553352289508365136
0314065667002957866858488765937097697311458242916562733459459218151551894102884025238852720369894804551004088501646041028776937
6071040163745909418176019453877965601147459065352750105116872007917183143758403418504559900007858465882670700927317278238845262
2057864431401330101261675645065867887669270980722933655585800822914522258771084932227437807465603988558837727049424395413086192
0838403065062402417019069366493917705353727605973078124319419683057212743574597310780151384502291168595626908520023754345467963
5237595147390251950945857498093768496867490339391087595954081288707206848402637964670896124834883491892023218043300933428536303
9038575918527245239784697127935511565993493329345587370301152888215360283868124687096008034911588337723498130857892917083893566
4326309213195337889918560482484162052931169753291241688638438611871045719430309380350737659700684663483713556511824284273648934
4109675537859830665204217999322330504340383531423575355281348688917399955785319877102842092110480808916641344634371327017518067
5976571379562477291805315122658077767583602698526304594638663614898936945525476463455648126285604724437435096863798048639029149
6805684460338235182637901097297785029718931952225347991353757161498388530429639352729227333463916470311358261242265252454882149
3713554069757475756235174202220726685159145970448234073615786797869189321230621988473892723703610057245772568034893831333824268
6384329807418457095553971699330059290079181553384702995369891469896964859336812164228972258241580918221240870171611342340166996
4238496467737330476039022845048701321182330582443048269767680094107459509184801830653831569366411726902088279531793681281083241
1389317145760821195180078109186551396173257466092123382087137757380977821227017398905747777928583603397479220222412134551964141
4172433396133877482307354312025003410197620920424049031355359918529883398507939057731022302176139038905017200234464598134643926
3776455852500808911518410528880591214453698534859661007977301367112639128608957724121376845610991533136565527742397972171004531
2169236758277228509207094221732914621136016542832442557119974462763405873279434363734315812872035133971702886820591857401769365
0469858184126033613406108887661308724723319896168974862654713098974773391394034562612379275030863451007736429954454094411166680
6170337864185847270755623945219598905895923685556701346236877669819713556924060508835912462997027984549870490684576221788467996
2684567926478205893568909529013411584469062508988939792621227026970772272619563307265559984083650571137624804538833124458965412
1535835911469765914801129303385752847166878267150358870063623206823946840223186885612380869419340578863726545596738437580294661
1159345796279619020659424502037780228138063084481952522217422192474814460650570150288813492963026126513178935693001157815213888
4115255308469968312956667592729481570942886979872098274544235236610800153069537830562688683755471055934166523033112817689423559
9188936491751459321231439471707842349428821745374698747871010980962280880750506886802895843191246598782044554283344177438872823
8347722755763795357915434510354216096329858917788023158970394599943300789945002208151468416849121549451743359325575523192943247
0386458822265636778073946364464754663546374429692132747455551460488109624863176490317455770854516391720009905789081791014745242
5441057113825577288143510443291415701276478572336349873718556812697918623782132025707841689574266907977935843620901112527314879
0138974051576176017602134330816942995720273624834286549509110307443436271222852721817459586302582019304440451903755250893098006
8714580715983710618302573323538613568787984646210126690769977327196476888780472811559022322326994280966501214045283109750894159
1238724204438864658817267118920298143255297575901621515081809762078906592560699017605054545611366055292052387838303773046414151
2117880548683675747162798543936995265803158300313026522266732130084089973850929862579530307924250791678839458713648131052866542
8688866589649054666206289287368847639201089110726068276561807440633436849032550737263946103998593920752309241137169715090564726
7992366978913349109203408811669845313806318145335482602504586472079577960741456598112230859758567892658655917499886892820156294
9269289344377943028314943737975747440225464454099585770665233191895455121597963497469457088101021828673050970000696324467074275
2620213720505096912466481021388401048520027588680889621938076715558063059090115474427731634806419367474059903683493740456083416
0419258099585668206386510983923399175364308512576355916179825772896253917529784626455469847416203745543857585138629447495124687
4926957394763419387802807256844093371043881188012601196274750577103452141865582262123425456983325248975618318937642166941469448
7745531482212763608085822252151342022701776876422939982991937310338710298056659311711100694774221511805463875602371671771107991
7622297042918195524581284988624821755976081656742322232878212092814401063399047757727446586120047765852193643525978220488403806
7694553355731009082341963145016321622315287166497298675517840848325124707270827181601834343475566034855078916693975601380159131
5691081048224248376219969516692299552551684485812747394911625377626308622713328149116932634160209525550974738125918251287523859
0467965216958213222976523551707473542482226303543330237484038813545187688169900375790194437313184877958505335015185533760569003
9313388170020500404223350587859029392425277844920011385363704844190916888907282100497715918895587428711392085764058004531043856
4805593106127448601646584342013400666164278454947086863410933724954207481882298946080783397578430480735942749099815836074939980
5829488935963766897295398693976065473334615080031996490066697080972996155867227149556928263586779745098746381741955988476480256
5145688238158921108920160861540066499070337742408273263858244236306539277333029376512623358171655471201632148566471544471879593
9921214229435926996318797357630113668084683534980450540625624914828693276400997437801995497337699991160179152196384869788686202
5452970283364847951628816855350106161884215992345914720345452469417460755112437907196741570679787585797744951997013243245883760
5291067302501955637725509930308800308821879902449540996764882569862895237545484938003965194362900224359317192536398128214213941
6161982577027434530385173942460521391267875161999821213546453369930955209737128453903802184733420666743600784696394324963677611
7259796660195828763104609417030954701404550411856256961919298349416990278446333820166279192694569999689157318159650815071786127
1409252775006780923895660512761218733793242701073753044161926851887250329246949307610371367921483913476091276544943910212219648
2024883815854805620725646102396569531338296559295702755514936293184048845778213281077499032309766928238274933799920207837132838
8210747670883127249029109720500900846638073842072735692712299242482036224417598293305373767651397688387681839834164347629159924
6849912340362293051521285112884702937904971535989594393302698489020568178389718625627324020502329354706893589619173731210032692
7043789553739208010357759707009160597258827438739048435319844873364203025319025627611147486361041079291073784131340379802864271
5630517567000455573262321447961724157507366377593234074637396775521413915860857523966422306759381837353927621547514858375348648
3907374620037626404876010563369584978900791842626728009855287567645993864184962785602670934980414501849977057712840353440946698
4146385141059123870591051497280881668008298341992956096236493101498703482256305064373982480667690632647788868461225656591267014
1968850563894509480587740368883124473858275653505054105229249423142559298770511499954927552803754424222038587228379761857441343
3593066522032907759239532950409720855609763959255411331452747381650146615224156577229227092417969990679672022642682488460230666
4777284684581020086703554379926122352924845140673649610422757744893763657846499512591483929572896919893136740342514388775709356
3278001195584405224574340518455727489287475412287946187833805383833415237459010850315390550944653852931708140442412147400013062
4193626826135963841422031213601650476649922753686929704940497664287967482680127644394472418039840709944058706759350270065888771
0496707764123239353916969348556102234417341754509205481354601177831190831135133718891421262586922485229955848858284322651713550
2364211115463126546765721277139380044647678205497997698025656179147544409871931320460204274120159204240964415234469912669043171
8252385686403049790333736390573303996823129984313927885511658858105668489196273816414521496403236288238282761677474764476093781
1249545053006377773498004690990118213356171931577992909398589918937522320753583797192061779831406344206481621920250152295078939
3709843278222111715104072968292537550135689257500851260250849491755576197121702408117922267107801447424437466479647604658838505
9854374828488017805142065771759506637983062326803172669751646781389776006196509659848336558123328010610366919010236885546271093
4449279473317813512456203547757437510023295240020059908269371826627596476653671730054696042131496333128833416321765418914320719
3406255777740484368806154865989716577772954696365667763046622581695081667791363935783289021366520297269972594689838903064379670
3971992965532938884360604600128828768832371480402617473079458005449743185395881312301575878592825423836990732749119210579499565
4964414428994770524920627355735483099389790803639808833122768311697123316450497548024460387672711368021069867385676748771138907
7272947208705814863061836555172890754692453812368615959884812383294177521377885043762530023437311935454983526848574910569784985
9715236460972266941105456775641088939352379849288420663874812734503948765928906653066695278788734445614220395365589281481052985
2219149571492569121653088856413977750911860290899252411873082297287513781665034941515671551141663335672214686872998009233611673
3252445083210515790502427230581525204628936179674886617751355536540130374691771589975236704266655393863956951833668294842751553
1066643170812591610511115847160870442604844517253754311969780356590045310298592533473063715395834561034249527692096332630663031
6094678693574789972643719059293336351890222699519292906160704354339193005774875964485745420773135852897610846364640226020416376
0078821325017540745977661794444919031229533952549930041702337654768594140134838827623154832919375367293846998623573154781662214
7359805369711475680734455906157477769170543397898162106347663466476684547058977605857152935135397794083854436364067424905370520
9053319467618246985715935346228519691376765059011804822695041370567668817595587435020117179808441224160004516561911764361051760
5279785887324494559284533174001913906340668600486179364934683183133265522486775587610826495582037876134991475823478304604306409
3941979376926208894324337577802341103192284179207690346815460983649049917703085665853453770292030524017689837132097566609313622
0874696648882529341619751279943169854047021416531564941329234495433297775450795376776860235960754121606226960482122943806912723
4403142549129181418798689888112583174439363438245360666469436690361242515845002333293117928704700704567851599171947638983428803
3086178172887575667595570158882926151846562563832038255451988723965663322118638716096644911129577785347672668155756960077259260
7016060211620447349613366392265953857687262706207804671997611538526738050334785125634177152240160503249217159499633364839660140
5489512175142718110444335510020717260552562939322469369407097546446468340557730058147393474938996409762845800786386613781180803
5316893398694618358236834304108186582233111640280225864142166804368748966281116139163914774116490280764125236118841244780654205
7528194334785274348270807743401184076977359005808989097790847628594537909545137710117536079654129720175240043680499382931315617
9670385576675265565821666921824539041489513174876467496206200652157451658908879498586135223489695875901066307973744711118179562
9293554881752014067237144247792025493783429506129044867060712220683356640982811741139549073541449462843252209357539966735713385
4766042719100373229390546845449462827735583320023428894346366740071025652090167656518273656932135482003817661060458673642777968
6301526335239349282461856549816100522037177673330915447520746670914149246304276129215650553527297720437502141660843474787824161
8981954968443818080133345527259601739419841565729583936192031325311804839597158161812415269217752774138988523259895019553556494
1375817110090726843596408461202879175175450080051006863993971804570798947994555625585878024069026053117840656838335462247825434
2951238989342425774096587516368372195370856662387116086488893532196578602234813604266303300411633704142608233959411992656817117
1078366109359744038481314864313226318060249081213275603047710120330297564750748020015170091244280923403487005151336327967793644
2590644710984063836471814396137903631095128763841800600303330827770204519245855428525596893191150792386804495821205935562805056
7587927489845850917488079723623306056569190541982982580007185500509384196528055437763768159799054085157690272308144066104571631
2716691447638059359782976991714931875589838509515317643963169052633209626064370311932621633892908726622398410656122098501462508
2187341550744516068766043103052788709422923668066123030675357066234501008353745371362353282261896383609682551818558419836467474
6386821883063127753430057004971408049021180273353275003607608462963509731380707112452702494852068512020333193164120541304971821
6414619855917522699462290111082170337250489881403447602549155371621815281167692543542521085921503446688385053019234090686216914
1514251753750908058132963706101498627247758343884090328099690893144318542740931341743091728225255850843917610568152776796003007
0586747600603620622562637108763020672642036425806055677095355709416205188154703219135342081900691181922293308472380603914641966
6943882703466448671671347942866066071729197097929636191832480851465967168936588557508460013143074231989501890259153468168582090
5106944931177904690443492972535629421878279108027478056702348421231814228319595001969285380236108675594104178148223368821682505
1013423077468134180344202453328649263556597230333389978398486618230751510288831048067335293062077986298410020248356624260186784
9609742549854821633067526470397698241682366743287992123678759953855431672859515457048320102063982700799641338555460645670603233
7227510683690963888209842085118318517866633639207568611885740247627869030070367221673493120062595703412511430540635725690733531
4166904720216643652362019185541125336279973971095473810174484610634739482031555699998920445667293351815342116856019765913024721
0204685598907595748165591866024787377707833163733227729761204199756529370097242687722444149797918578951904826714174399654373078
0029695243252514591043935308120948291772608227171634548103690625246068887952914933102467669452782090604646361027594958463008648
0606043910237689889945195721316745105694059044358961433889516172023390307325162841023925000976730946622777686367139699337140288
6532770425227279669614506342121365572660042996371513972011473090716295756052824631404973053818570282987235859556502147507091296
5784383703297394066201455976072965897350946662861440804630035111722516300582625065762906422553404492330383168345359661866546635
7755352359361297136322168309187217709956128684689901207140385336402261861792474715981622821266358097679527860080999492143093132
1766368206837633471921145548103904997241216165904015409300725066451342178028580494490424756975699571333186681161146526160888637
6435676017243653308531673583521916536301571057843651379516536378840317706213255198563089909258098489728121633860286779010828363
4431604721944445862183599288814310892377084499055111017374193726585680550914726436314439993180521094601524845475777232173548652
8838913044786662722923315829866963645973025803566829523066407753524509752981118743428995908031509623037684132020735808440759714
6831533201518779101708294838185079163952906812726056828622166710833228863087344104415454342957894082410432960146722394394312810
0026750412265305432804678135281250107474394107101163961158631241381326874456825116424953228542574854725058161235809819422717951
0530095666016377728309821374273950714947770494099333703734720428753672558560341529622248519497385032763976784920070775745998492
9988103492323582802831123529566020729884479858348071107686123450154590877464099472518837056085048970237891379355375854402767816
5730632914573233372640655739395224654373166501801926999740491530052469701082483441902155873112176686047852502749353152358488650
2570177044053910045946498496953083595646140791798652856797075918041625426521730745013108556438270557756261535076617672897082024
8070822196216776547306746987791806776779912117872036753101249436897151550298686891155685227497724326515850755173992122017730073
8834834453446142095731369167693716173639921382555584546233080228430284169771661090869805523170856183199180807458939980812347666
3374034628848110181967055896853894757362330956181597331342944383294532319770922905892283292682026888125967189041997170645906930
2816796708896328193169753615809284330192400628212014852560752820595983573685822703155361815716715825780349446395688288981323009
7068534005360767613192042797492589713014221879034298952445175191916602695770589539510033643533276163270684273301159972772079846
0851847960381648176955810985408204753982844887706344041815181406997985867444440863020286602964269777581948956459433973575818007
7244153065545137632239977736639101263396745129055793110973443976621943425823784182900120559207556057714294191011934647831514642
6220112071917364308442903062123692544853904143920646475613405698807838684964691297033599042267911174717943845099876701146499041
1997737579617455507368079950355247973464185824287192636611840482334933626092039322468638416062106707636638684831343949569888001
9056473674062962705649948566947590595122246493016055906506275120659977645801864949778640366697230510631836906881678697914437413
9851293934933351435860731679561845700615460829332071112719063019501427379839759911846192375852475742108532990355637732868083608
1981670764831163220456625777162284911174669042984422665330847096514572430663915704539930674009046717718308791910081803605092076
1436167228645743999726495063433059497403336540806399989879727825522625780324646087140141119024144101040594738802339934675234494
4511331339256646611464785947970006064997210981736418145964184001849876673693526718038480153571548117761471182638795979792615062
1795579829237064976093578272496505322533909223281608272636931019121795380635442871500788593701642237770643966129586714071750006
2259558543726883196265093171148297545202455060457641437680621020678468079454735539167389894892674876922877875836968284903103240
5190322659532635977759442475453937445078305277952610411039017125942798503797185204729242079034555967093953206391753749025286545
3346586896166410527904055884469771043579999692960199777847808583456813215611676699557144873569764821207184084966272170201919310
8492812746065013433267691323002027533207826063607337577540310499920611687417123621076705455447051576454279273880574231655581484
7963980271743134112154087260650334248257065896933807620141668762775373128572470229135441642876072741306062133796013873900656717
7155588355012012778870617504567123068873574015355543463865010611682540901252618661459039457810933495173848721472502301449759789
6250342428228956319030041026630301654869718238658413832351916020529083012909954188736775565330222063260635143292678318707172682
6306362489099506339243174369018743275045301435603437084640257826344578993743886263071878533536813315686531934206065891475930962
7256078764576049009416184871748648772794832357694303718710674780587401830972226331756569564368514137449167545781329158975242668
5137011302637382277771122596368810380574982751431852882121643844964841634725254405565914232138014950212916177841984286676442765
0130766950573613943351861223297588274240988343477886895038747758639966388317215304568124673651393253970716618528199527580176531
6359126988671940758748887099156058290162393017636744749307547677028026325587696225823070273928497980385751428178855356190336058
1262747164602205208071416052898259778064629199619315166088744120423992672210748461774575909144208599043872184758764391922991513
1637777143251220955861291729128344859755814246044289400356284088474702731048933137147907743901585132956196475715784684303014662
2779656199507816022148661387875419531355613321583333187996164541556836852609250800638246651009398874732599973734012124894691052
7354320128684821812105410562348993616339745664287363950112497961551242247169256027249678322546929448755022227225938009677843721
8972855810687812606653074585753478301824708270260970161604946179349054120962204468271996990113102973342165999101606421899608935
2427496334389700886512192278170872300796174251105207296701976843139085003204747190192754643836301630137058164840301068688355227
3959418860712955101125551436177454788270598656333682307048221492143694319890230219738438292220497263359673419823698673057872078
3013408623490314068776627587135426768753482653895410991590323095157887499728772798489129923069618646593123822639438579269538635
1908216328408109211109195709992731650405613610224189255235529994289098765621895894667201782074632616819297670322225038809119550
0817943537763128333901984566290468707429051150902489063403888015248830107015875323502758058360302496764604163625874755344905059
7334562477121670573355518606105354751505482715112941146764597746549856497547302376364513456936736713783904762299121613461158516
5283407076162674672773440443861453333470684691925760891504089347363035836279580135355221825821573398468104182485287843330909617
7205284306122028970211792875328746564733992888131805747056055043004240391649557442465694153748887961289838987106491544764907052
2500872325568857502281229098611844366313487869502518915819858430987626410127129066096878146872919622682973073559229804271266907
8295782206872660046903141337058447164373782585028140797785111578071196136068281762757693333793450310851105370333208052458896958
1725889330426145518489875923548346134621897254499345669060138933732620752098808224545684009099318550221718273960774029508377011
6086360263760539829227685105382480409473035021789956560069988221518928563686053953426925951987832850158619577369793062706768043
4352919017742582830329403068368693550555003865896903349651288061511525716234272382256062983241592888339539171693959034050993111
7316775446918119981332285689855871890517757525471516688406003916733927585058269512316355228173253797483394637476145877140830653
4449523419101039158408708904430347733804700552814623747680680614331040890499889250979677397459532347731846180044631683772954511
8775927277284478472403620186389038850970249719140155845452372844321949705137084066166954690611328982193781479003940799798395822
7036309001309751772232372080817838422988947200353430157955341599997125428100524596360021893214442902724490483771053395386266905
2526553722458751882973801186174660169500936459737553375965211051557068305755252365586897544315025598670454207459745656417390706
2637149880243542713228217652476736046313897745886197441813742086881967480415661410956495847064049122729695529600136287474175290
1793795271658672504903869428016853432949018555098626397052181786382888682206907544219009649133780351002110388824693692103301828
1084255129975610497399774428514444229695501619744314654316691842636967058501657387850037557822192693461604997872810120193484078
1690635325513958119210187262311486075808664902577687177132226261921963946973671413085629761815694454894584772804358916692902290
8584983060051303667121308176671074873807110361225378981139031261855126176018462516372607208578426174357538994152717337719252523
4278036428830763724403099207458044021754910574858908048715320547117712294990028756794510860977637952837840922253254728458600984
7883825345262132475931206135018623229949112586397174487649066363051114417355320278795734783658869193239014023523778761960029033
8695026444117478979408146585926902316341504795145288358653821833800650855569985787340203101735816503203866669795526287437002033
0245051742430260486282155254132179648064481192529358125651323989892545661828432074084630060930677773108561342125212783387281955
1156534912244337917835348237158665382209292463641851049571853921423174805869049378131731211644957860891749912005458383867541676
5778772564492822262562399502030821202632651082331648596186198421567114506013473886361019711381249854838415342169443696628858178
4018937636066081000726527827443126701548588875106206226537909295887328559668190334839725133746234608966652449462868965060152769
8173777546154775498367210355738304841393638757271541666703324260466614672029573295838066643359099243819511379078208545782984277
3894531584135582441443997552974471433572355979512626259310899921004753808626563585592085956971397408889173848312206978387162122
4249778224435541775834672279093907849532605623442929414275448734738794025759189569362602709330104719867391830325898742293638318
5618458472230917207115381643121156657396683440299320861523898119230249426608095966989749077626813445096806473183743262392826169
5141443017081978141752639960290174384446691905687453519079674615609648441987212131402698830771368709970102768419122745998384912
2946562140012561122001343127839838295167741172616748608003211961781629115805578417306196780198449660660896672943032048541196007
3488478058250138575080356458275864826075120035949332139371412714212223138848322951784969631050003335580101622399775487873990978
4317860282593236100733831872685638869277432762005042347567404549772458118340256499688632865717895145858533810557576307974444603
1928173630042126038543686101259940626688530747112695018229893249219604395612728537717051374474126617790845613836004135628746556
6994181584676204860202674587876078621483635083475446039294576324194007589602377577833162510613729896861820149258590200450670657
9591153201889299370958865743889668888080847094554165557463441635078117012681280739489741681606506751718013927402701136203548044
1780167360508315641369667116901861812842526826720765686979668702075706357523197794146674984683061754983908320058757429657215020
4621260027453785113729584439569855185620374311773708057945213037359358758689719104605870656508325190409944963614795797144191442
6611412529823091494357371703456481103154272600004279607488151916951301067639113190114505272247774489140541745738078452548556834
8106748866753253878302577929999224844368660368702977874939897082451513356653811013795048262545973632043664542271741351318143337
0778069182951962287178555694626059563658908945272131830094793792647180018850962827338479100883010796179956428416377824203799082
9473023880877077477396337686061036427727779399244945597262198872743579391652952681609513942805826872165303709494805916573728492
6294092277154179951451094865452721844277717466377028709711650186357899779470166784063622634966195721705046717157464710442807466
5804785796886616339545161571917895816310538794711393196665470438339980915686578699904466139950097093535760550147855823745768311
4727439998296384114816286463820007469707513836075275400610242782096499770391027100262738743742494025582717951675320717526395925
5770688225429387772370873623458820190254941682623110262393319797303540835367273621810830554446149103975368995431078077876936297
2405529175616664747550451981407708416427503988134127731468009719622521436517602196339409678849267725633683568413854707742239684
1747116986005191343502956460687122356601160408668274191052227378815062922961362392926820216609198684542476134407735883221896780
2662260497987146574078784874203657867733135048405416920171958838688884627100473968981627006284094098910015991752992842055879818
7034398681569535649106832499610645350629642323049347631261095876814181084980886779188444300173631359422796869708950194760718387
6836733703618557086120703365229061728453720426186389529699692510071571231710123347703658534972106524417884249218380254553097325
9819799847270574690752534052463450597318916271469886310284525865231260264874522733678980911253701800076986898602579299994595517
9135488779985085378045629972341159746040904128068784460666062698063117787215014912137720162075250475265414449002077183911431414
9809851736195297213683107966811862847637535801414773082875296684360754325074703853487298740359726050853338447561139214515571992
1029599022890794387902179784268370369360935567144903247409435981421651841889958031240517172069175107596477581973881408689860362
7400367259185579353010164869469689488102231791643828135531761198096403804156803391787688285965553218505121457658933398225058406
5220283029470788325194233641742163486977117357701064964101876499830666046451739488161844284719262317454589282938926798508893597
4856368375624850629404156042966360434746200563963426632219247842217835149470275034357811087591708435161482657165228727592100816
6253772836778061529203496032750827006398455227451857109564867169437129073006140463432201664058302222335982176666409479667581160
2936456922664809261586171438046311878472513284135606095783748274074803411461233988794425470611010249655925624921046206975885663
7903340067868061097623144373319704434575514501755821812557204930865063397777392798291309341112700415633886191910088310537801960
5573481392684970852911664492959855735295070104374454536083712417507044706607037494482191236686504544140731669546789850452790174
0904993356742978486159542255719565213826027717277534463338027027906360296595539148861118855418724089346480767402189286985762676
1005223076106599446960454896515318564456413560395537757983458843931854126284677517864393826744115625918435152244510791809692478
2164405990650873094086602365842140190819719314893955030230888932507331906676191911961689961891255808931785984896260979975690681
3253727014960636085246150995307788585817654532411113862158610700251523142672098671368947509829930523262641611496136611155754050
5927873322526687970315921879739844277763573086829985560339421326548635360045717801382027508629836290928584431149151932663653210
4760858192547745555268997678117732829237567270192822266668837972286266876280740550930386549524048812443132805094528566843643923
0552200604353097511107833851418517885398565041104987050582967853637644070929822812409158588536557876274185029987107810161351297
8488557995995493390642962339468082402922946581115285486581085810242830297673687274512734725802547502660334048415579446341045330
5709356062023991965872528242196958896198910586431524813751700975464715731688842846588438403790663597080684309160359805580967928
1809180118084899386382440090650505696513340627765123157216132637785703218992306349927445013022757227491085193637218705876572392
0750092974015461540416097560544979024242793468547428554110331500932107320102022511854661891492261408877458706999860502548130498
6089719190070430700600786193146021409101280174362984471307624705342744373049193769815102419864609660529369826990237068799451547
9880823550824400406858764215681272127616403736552454898294728046365136835488231881807123019108941139138735003722461424915329488
7529037321181887616470646776506017170053425836736636947752180676382271801340633168596956291990586642144447067879824547939050775
0702265125795249993652978449111254341598591409462513412644706330823597010310419837016366205284525093508925291114478065520543206
2486005489914656200352331842636430195667576175939710807407359823751196926836356542172998603833007594132689750457318477364742581
7540614426291493245957654051180243018629278083258315716499682711339148507426602166172200768552170520220563426401305349960660512
2404338617929580850851496148983728094122155851959629735499313721174625488662780908166750428714979229469660586277142190041914098
2734970584167413642829413555542927092036718157943315563661250374551603827984602155759774285156429894221533968500275418633637182
6560220052859607041833971976550951076186294969188109531953615241005064465315852535875503380591519469842863315620903120851882868
4362109461838990069490474891539380133820330011017862518437725479693309451782697543824505868730424985500423739583859994419014638
5084805381905175100929792755321577290419383142651436157340596535511027236705949268189435276570853108955493181266234603455114274
8408563281709145363110504396918026400160693545535873614031123523353385515760396989543124701606521301192906747319853776998158894
2312458699599599230972023213413420672303278131983854442962403875724144311681960596932014490316204359247402654596736629024793653
9839221740989926513947745565345687824749236841443758276831531279631822480088615812410461505184335496692743570654981097859767887
0148513962240941032376953093608164659349988907238073209903158402845914764726830224719377417036845150993399330628686012123441747
5919614485617148484720530134538022911021657584302803306902527053421247675384565988567910916387370777305148589468626006026739483
7159664152823325316769176118475149162428707398939203649766531576459678350978394525441052205823105345184421463902500121849981000
8288659993085551546441461743163304405139009826361143974328223331967419739647241073571212327801960556484524118468883764120169524
2246338306775029095975369446186770386599660011384020498379465046982275031718873753405808637548601707969197710675661519594764281
9599700671171430778834023658375047244787074487357323294015535711745803913257607799601446000833932736200689998469969708376723008
5081943791810860552689101511523648202214658112058332928346393590013555144813066914194030280115978731407804149764646197662984115
8801177359464553557557965020150275317953374369713023241680758235462889780964894972416089799047047809594791811478533742030190073
0665429844750818754679057503636454736605371676903157540119156106676570191787583727649819947468340786574584101743147082806534991
3657977605543416424987117022654696293608374996078959363230667155054631271871981115488592293902083994811357408917297410729122498
1862650934481731910956432936712254764601612734362801048040108459535230079759939514256093409449391542317896091270323008227781776
6653398313274972684240408723778161592189390653041468423088421653090661249171357282254451145484842067919237970412388771640682294
4059821256052393643115972017853583376641290368154419793622859038067932722073228138326697082834080833163668963795873824307443161
4885945116785653293180979216652517189039102100870721593874386070396567484340764036310998065513336640289679790609291581823883333
3428604720660372157112193405611757297738411485553283296939642822708738180393410023516446689646065368009275111140421244624003704
5562960052258931350563961074454414104687746794788022658055770332756970270739126216170694306943534685894930524814764997593650416
3008384543733504706776478261526614225467564069116098586935957253917385357687398588155803265872788670839186222042335779464643037
3618994828725096012458832876031499829184389279845891008599618731986280732307102787004526300770299430819579608003697211024173693
9217086377524454012913218100708405723232921242597498783314818967648121936298190307693812351239182876627690699979858904402641018
6156985750875948360548164905855940506817600324843389599811157633619677210306664432514278405659673075559217581592839918628085400
4764772987507938088705673246656764726283775492007659316410580014942504090614797117731679264296150069410102991752421283871178501
9088021494611622294962362961658529846402973311983387998125910749644155422299932240783260368601058914444067830424352644504379196
7142168355025888186137900382975205885091374237093915396552747486547739152007548268368634296637427030850473757422944218387854757
7616183325502874293153395715965826837360328123096242771948215374071981140320994435687149135694129364024023152186261051421982087
2832792230789485819847349814552874874835409931161612591863141976920380812857719621635320076324767599038119716738981834869773741
2754959867605262800904073710237512445047870616662855713005574347858126481109562377143573312098011061313182520482126994274243272
5944572495216446034342198294744331850728989442478427239279385418283344155306850003896073771784045248648249808863649089110085745
4935039678346741118281854023639235666178336524231495974905785711915838245296715638301791203620715851604930385744033263165263809
7601373980902035512868636064609722029939023536705525076519976556652492714730630698715244783359777077548960439099573621098774644
6788103237769355632318040401274560065924878241545893694505228598734431875252964572555463844283713282670737691866931493869606535
0416187164312031460323292595651046052380878338516759425813027437945468646970166296000101963391062426079829338723963248745406623
0923089990664161924027191610177696764629811421643542437939862866986835556859764272302075103487218202328441244550298063164681875
2019867260237068480077811032787819165579411546914115220954604696377168121100888419574969311251245311564544879246746582842436916
6868613732260412990938531237301911324073055318005385120355972354500615925738636280898984348888758911483752216818128353784893125
4877207978980281193491650735689287510067435635758992016711009033554062927257985428856499572775171602494384045603122508003854191
5729531014485818371423575856151555802439384687195667542811436864469460636476071341511650757925855405897036006697261458329928553
5460991959983883494783035364470651652782232918135295761659407906592669701830570881217510435070790362298581095301898060905173789
7646351028988526172675924552809872541181626761125500157109077472362508995981523449708391893239705562284235588614429905027555758
1619134181392874715654091932556140391724453901036282239744719175838602787922700433547863998561669814541630538374359332841359124
0642132589359772875036014752032306706353508991088875094683831897858049315214902256977825841683325136398731544129046064024590934
8005838235188541103906355513876550842936138467720245485620712847710339766152168792765762537490548824247757795430623230546063661
1739498737086961685166983125262113774813358028871712079307291894391835363168962025939984050181882718770421839433587670806624476
4755044069459609604971745446900378189205860081010611662569670882836262612421135453240273781870602310532514360568130085933991129
7924290416111768289187834903766663006016528601174525638099383915633909474617753311810491476284105443999724682875652267118724896
5850681695306617855936614324554272763867627188224507120915540200480120428647332751636414058742508052557803594703673781795569627
5161939368398633733681924028671740682293310854421624725144685852406527972897380355105818239535806432392343196805358469063293155
8819559114109771559602841216196553885494830284200973490048941610619985614867118986891106961906280843338752508763555675909702206
6241566490588598271025864796744098875607062200785043619624462705052447512034382219094774621478633751781359662848610200184361678
8704633729839925740538038689681271982506814499991016892558765319948519205733093865854380442216165127136281006009985719211033451
5874590475603382790640233559612673482775953839089864470737210616394894296028059828241641608622138456309335058488482647911816483
8528577480552717173959823507749229677977069134280953275629509898562844929982109573639706635205828305920402590508711781395835713
0089930344552012906619817966789113931607542416094931145768127062728799915073397115668423507229674038044945322045301649766598530
0236619236986319774758924493517372212562285619369190213778360087721105343106507409406716723533090029620699768530871602210981580
4900295631035231554608058112293217835929574133906243363911069130644679986177379278388410792340109628431007635443781281483062060
4988368133324357435318270787600078029431686121284484541827394881261897104701243599451161363480613963194743733844807088688115634
5178871803932196297861340370803170767481272576611956494376594793113965439245117335478620700378039639755713637510132362926267306
1973846871626730910248052978143950536530975380151232887509932339881071793647054810578672393058114957563604971882394961817835491
8978209292630747251522017252062343300917165930874691119490642832557026684811610939173618238354559097444010525631775837097840951
8326182506155413337881369137900095820346248710691175947937982923048432643166491650906416257503450243786283464120124419550826667
6090914463028322098876359782808759824243499333411218847428154348072847658504046701534863522297418259623151406625685618209367317
4253745664431692653592530190665547218310374995530293912340336697232683775175851639464892393461388136647485464789810252552522056
9182156878387604674503124667923684369744370052287701241975705851689429509464670883347575783846313229293967680582071694204051095
3321006971958449910630372247668837211034782309154572655303854890011708581736868651280877351904031869989741999700057554577154390
1273067298313752548096207203603148138418750927315375729523637857281549085842436944573932481003443446922848528006413314412427332
1441821872672191871420138772481289303458305298682170739045298765824678050356023853590500427850176428627107627730008396343350473
1052326101498218606100898713263447573551827490516947668567656571319040829379674136592743558516074455124317265474909140902458087
7834541971992916704455016525869622512851276565353916338983507230882585013003793323808346566693345857527479053033593116284574877
6838252895614149905894777313466208709968773989472894570857815422084908815232548928189324969136065895039808122393702760781384523
2929303794620328740393974372454877708805842222813897741603177439187185228877406834374147233014054610369299556729412885884560745
4370856078387921623155622787671852014805409807299060561419288539719819906697663945124473843579383816264514077377269614977581685
3394601383138607507974293429184042736065549935759370359893007688911547744095191909676349245026886870781533913476330551278360831
5351259816322765307961191402595778339300322026355376338266384698585109900534462235764152505801492032987502080039176402011160649
6015860540766825761905783450339596728965747988413885573654798343784315606643443103943694670901175274103478596479365688106195479
9733596316022892971509096088392032363480840038385290255713310540683102401152243848292964926264212842555582110823197263253672828
1062515708221923559386659794495097841198809034454364525085442636233669203446069926961726048176600711294973993391741061849180079
9806127623797585819585111237146636415904332057123217989550966977692535517011996512651123910136604576120833852264076101548649068
0894752723723477938861483316019471992063859736335516787664755140329957520633060255798252299793172160680450787189861312439796670
3913142052442456614486902320774033281367626065329089488796925098543116615817296515061149179999137691128957532263158924327442783
4918858536678070436088759702284980929577025191565900433342638171236644159755504144947154030057873677997786393398810399270491800
8872734106335380929798217774610094691386997739307412068494969134661496618521118209935954632189343140189392135323738890270473225
1245647673515237131109490917571703008777281273557596852732435015863930630266628924061119974383584899927931767742330245961719796
6852379757973100072309834676038484260260899346508201154263890305770366822928200041404900931901074539015449894481478124870846606
5288592940348602075775045536917167753748198797428454287343716300518081003013742004598309648467119358078992444950790157070897622
6178224434793312241397484872165819485491096197408141733026367177440768594738187232231600889719889461459739097869779145699996070
2192775687835295828387187709692569714086691619295450894879843196267448458847228413092057333128571855124524447189613776196209305
6242914540023653075456224110675459930237745861318742551814072907467664681202170417286866153184100097311858010110265935844444511
5209497239417620919469741474768380931492201661270471587341653498268177621359803201248700031595849957309397980724999380306103922
0556894331856087053327675958304000445533946185075415894264871473185811965493131424842414390488954096468377128994425485984798739
0196159676818515225003292466076872625799134390488404188280002687542570342770954127173812843410476595231005479765885421327808255
2605242865388848411850848235973559236245406311003883744452617685164124063273300160172061005325886640047067612731170493761853684
3723865217540793835273126631505051186346898929963194134815240955269409964826180214819749886514216356192979128714223656587784030
1612652380049586827710856241890765244152817303616193799144244842589626119110544403111366867458976947676427002814778923808924618
3631721504060950588384351554676808360758437911729833313655406741373502411393332262640744499827573245395519111703225362606878417
1363409383247041202382518900846037480203513170344097014906470642027432914804792692599759592956926861572014354287205548305433650
9938363167455625445680112095072694438021204263665499289036436205115409602435745285690360330318532747799997172095972559600945294
3849224957526742255789376070484796163223388025899309472042686406132560940455845848040737742829859477224469824421878404438255777
9153640594267832855398773722288983227094747426234571630063269545219291207342356377829705537624593717193629488670483397161337722
4742683466675948276596206085950351177248268507712030644980189541847011659976997997291786802803131893537147312873666734632318013
0962031832358588577470495716330583413563622072795533159442347186921867618325791765612531566938977664106322136330634216330706485
3562792846227123177501866289549655646263423972314841727623087546398961182987448990222751356418413165373556965561892665216006475
0506481362115739578595809306613922949438046074388531145186498774188751322860892046433870735773039483261252104554347599292426213
6629076659887419139215806756640799939588104500582964705062365481405718348479866775939471858338157222844571173771380330117254323
9427611277124624517129218643055712610406848999072749557192128496185603527876575966140152280783898310639896801498077008734557576
4949349263979842274642964286301282439502057095606102606822710846752651420038445554041921101778203644249576817202379962365236644
9000537778793090403522534841735088671708809700351632320108127651758914457761194719832533167517277944390073544087779452376879039
2179620974987315833763764525622394287879156162214632089232065378247731638836108414730685627306496030775755582279275263164338314
9850178620109230660864047257606734366763600031327072575073099542439779650618140023637464021494877439885488556217335419454669846
7274436451730146692806124202594474275423757115268107978580315116832524063995327727093500514697813597360878942124695394787220781
8077050800020141873083229149343719418506939350096709806686454834234546620350690053797423042331890117409969910833834635664137578
4222569085314829230694422189066171115029353200770994620763730497186499678980036529016196644500138184587387164123266827728301061
9140763168998745887384781477877234025340780171338591152461030018239430263211801503428946233869503372300942372235304400820946852
8437399467538616927457301639250511729312614497619431195080809960619969552298634956256648869707957943168309430154835637684617202
9927888920815679261894236713565064562156846670872463967287481642034739020192858148286147625951137420641797396365115772980951219
3655403238951645285818609634851118279549531888817205406539748497770277166060720853420241694457643803188820531391415953932633187
8096429698574955422724412934129163958768439154851606366794537099440778504483170647334793461803467077456150095540043989710581777
2365201968161103470136827409580883843970089911974172408580391996075540014445987053836291636308746569551411995558157351658739831
6950345059892537018933018077820506883809089865363951638996552650340293111131388149509355326175519823347067351884531383182623006
9729692983578755541105852708900437725294440871971817004794137742625651321002377622365955498287088740364399525852759257372235252
4593851734614428386795483124618557640086184414899615960895693770722697765927766996280493365204591488466719654529288305662919475
0122479598904859751605583470001521191650223688479671370454989314043303051942287523649808609527628133476925823025842389422672084
3056608819600468295745423499468437706122458751753728982506585826980159252966514250379765257256312249132321573973154317443215255
1261003464887189939919598811711885508553376196973665253914113359871227784508364309872766800569364687529405313394507842277777341
3335595614255964343357224505993110214988297629416503148121404268247459966936550735839779347369294370575468296662036041463516505
7279136021331762991558929156754763672783232261635376259854674650491435829901582103560659803340084857348232939069746185793481086
7001312755863777334623418958360382433258119385097977803059882470820602915102809159265450380632894446941317444541503087066649605
8796169740654134032665098260784549928283316353597416172219489498769356834724310846396610790766934291348253075369200618334478026
8802831163686839169667839421840117736653893219551959966388948111069365662007487678001136916755953605936920644573768537311349838
9739545132806507773311726139940569054566559814706558048797461242055138311352937387308888484537481230253759123043684421386096698
0953084370435253065135920609321712138864781756707944630525539032264477854921495176982483322151742604869890730064964430072465893
8563889642871990807691809483723365775240608384031148556634799934500723149755352447233079304887498827996963939978814660785015524
4422068594927829463105462477608520539620307156466022889708603842952278355035865136962605151617935839688034493508879959012432457
1797597440197984699879058451944014171742351115567915351330880426124733117964473476818687526048324044778050824433512831279314278
3544880014006914530017330247894174199038635755809673971423695196336512713364189925640866570283506889971990951009729565756092473
7989020444450139152190142450813270776908916050703362005761467814560672206433992898775383186508883181569920382329721780736328572
5963607248916565843748383716251646836534350100847190837736559193434644723784998135363197913246364668420334826697708573880522965
3263484959293045146013061177283236124170085863131765193651484251463844732711431227375764646336930721004123585223994485289918901
0583029668150873954157367992526151571563606918837234329358185868795166989340614129979830550547132857672143145949742222265113600
7440572366306644814358767338023644569585694763643144805041668167574800647065193962831865616870056333413559981420227280146948103
7295355536699420073390947523011459995035076225978883439577116325646324872851036992256964558891639573786018094493982547872559135
7129457262838894246866292831053823350947068553550051302734533231301531811721807950765452389323781067242015285235015915373253500
7003661686534989695171145431734885832337556123063280208162395256598378269110597151277334587048349487450140097618803853206266757
9082217774055830430004211027285925285344275476747121049534781396260863522010542259349559050699781590339007899734612452403479287
3191667292995301649109040619271406402727834137378627737752393244791408796163577067403946973388491815614922007647090321324522320
2949712664738909367012483650928320008049914477514031653686312257788502415066119921871956279807885221949190218605724017500310920
3169525625766817202209440542641629818384859195018848363928308881901815336912072399651202491194626625193357131514851165636605801
7255316665553834762495164950088245569336300767957000036188227515262775800565384194139225891768802813443198621045801692291233140
2574872647913296219947966169138393924496399035916640976364671914696565353222749621284958305509352891507065537978150518314618840
1953749417768878991833661315137426428652077503145679920658786397955780176167247358992933014357557538701378753423037285649046608
4668877807427263578702242652781568611601647436182495270690516771196062145719412914253392449657363828299691513193636571040444936
6886803557429783411232920271165325523458164084362409904470754437138270784982746722601116409545759719688367256037780110379647023
2300356518881462544550334413932731049376257074071686920169237332025867743966470152553906187385400688773328478685498436856277618
3440412356699057087611095963196908710039931495043446625996426055839433344899946522222609944936452224313579344290272586318016202
8993953982184479368753437594218699447584551919428710623167603425460525558734552005471227418138809891695708393142992004433396157
1641364290874900167201473644758505077028954784718448987507776152112958786620272578580374033281627136838108776465262593788494546
7335791534524477898748563122556395894974284747735359153516999217809354333772921832279669823385048414976444462237355621384907691
2772845418405555209223672772048928810050444241654554863085813477997024445507615114437302354148041362541497074784257678291599777
7178588655224708624898385615582303156928858845044700179599109039474166324676359828675085010955238472718587302252391630153958817
7714350463980300266933000010667914572625520828229727411680133017980270989103849220980928606661613727680746076907445089175447948
8959804988970943750240542329725780454835670277149205665534383835852603494258686925800889072070906952377561912949333090450610435
9127584427822125708186685340454898072189100248623017561567872674357247419856515640720894591586135918230623264124957308938825903
8565660274882658423962595807578322116479785809616786494557353542161430392650520437776730973491703217016387298185714704526578560
9055899627055835280579204790473134990779700561942294557075688923514759353053304752653692669704340622777026507467115119994712711
6401990429555126633982558874714554382951718476795179895512968275571839503381782370343773457772170386412634133151122279458473043
0293309378136412704813380987793756861154395548470319616928895806731980671468030021029452883570696897386186564749939824907170573
1417717547255789991707004411151265689787923836241613415526707758612724058279277154586299713815047231145490533591839466123670638
8468716387126244026336620863493031193083664955579994896168486675960587844522828676215258682659462698160621004514607084416783102
1449640886898263771104309544234611139764719954279503593908340282487665393419611852384397377672021450701130079538845214864162053
8048887383017701836654298226594900075026630240187365178333016065699848058831083230977644940244574444820285738121188435273257549
7734838976170306869973081121181660448148530318134255364556117593964696552501147168845028313551613495459270535042160362667658266
1546639029308273692114824601121738207436726090786353640928151613146720401120659236951025944213817893334993036938357931276755092
3794363877794105698247622335925064622343924657500773158672876932260234127197098205417204884907008074223982761704004122962430390
2332227732674259579606138447783556533770663844706548255581644643545209413054398521429945056259218551425238380035190336407512204
2377559578117061565563176922758264522313042429970112963159461355099505172026291216364090521544160711259708331105724128544891227
6832428920554567726830569490691102432470549042227057932067103955101428247157515420358182404777567376342028775513115385366928419
4241634693879583625259038169292585038330173637743744110426172931636984875802849325805759410994995655688205543970012859415471525
4435409455307673255925091284402380740900794676435449835586381572908519616958395334196299914509777009013685912584824599000928046
3987500940366892833785739644668889848240740024168650731790637517228616861342434915208852629849188021280517196274460956387434019
9025408507685643206458885320228075047871187183125968258455419735129168110055303698970042275578099161589116560991845557669784646
3366934559408606275260397226783303207383085083713447307195484607017198247596814686470103165356557218941037264416211493596219700
9986983198296827970312097410216841561044999906047830934706495494099795173682393665158233220314878778675703926172446242051213291
7327936388263057744394340969867975674336916032235104437222484250956772949755115175068343392125983148796915268153189466560134516
4505129238068974615562203042384229709458199180125982048735704933556566236123385106774238252165050271569657572461570289000767894
3255121682739504137653843468184029546420570010142268916658213975683507187608005044348538495082520951103601067607492368878206287
4806852545996927533787451480123813559737763425204966730971472301392243492249231539770928832609537982396509758149828504617903683
3852759316339548366895421554002413138488562983328873969801625973328318967409411308340716647240522981188392227872470754156065273
9712297766053304902554018245083167928441148337025924749085910105658941917341095233228980927774840543348243226033787592995988515
5229452832882947701986160360761878773430032426431930521890318903440689202842760168592576826646125537090631410703061420763990796
9492775501530308620829606600311339640855706549659904872171618766544922435708097161505981598338090549562866490651446857290681656
1678808597459616937537502211249586561665053229525645425138896011542471614595178170509581277828163045626690556829964393718215591
7053324203154477437019031580603162546890080238913915157646559489429803976541625693989468806549155901365763128179885048681463067
8903137465669354155616857417689085085205927330249024040964205952230818210265737328326102255377329508350857922236822007786665553
2734904576394968648887628638128862963608976988414917192020797115239688653336018428937106985737003652208275177709699892675605393
2387808386702882349280874532643852585858561738093225119093657885192947905905747402618285721157837466909047447734685099503267111
4222155360968520550560237616569205752212233789555461181069785768415048417477169723562149137809030351670058489971512620085540222
4298243051299268952240909211177826836030583513734437502197104884602882464340255753900393068054947046141922743129752936688868680
1061375462364377985228292590232948700810225069864185759076897910654198361668411325978825417457852278989472721657536588031658991
3940469338205826791620626804680412258933163753767218044848985297248760060861868407223928680948167632232230076213403901155993516
4300489987649264460199719443525675282990880539122997731272161031062934060033770185574543151609533413639501738216215062848675971
2177118188977585453528133388279985990921229278769939253605657684059131396416486258985713207176129279519783451725740599907936598
5468202247459866994978249422059052436184697608003427416719037990135361500297493876720017894883453685240892163318994013086288251
0775391987748089844439257445352687468561143051750745275017026626096588861151466861293340177217020485953364933966278607508804835
1628141832107584076506487704333155316297016420320945282094351104594402285535278391969212402643994113779520387919087141691462578
4568389047366302665905669107740203378971862242851210284195394536420153604497510004787197852478898999690840962496286253318550921
5915870003274717803413556085627698745281531034825477926175968946204463905051355885851004345422507537344854894128229093755738123
3106488353902440267975241920861283331388536648597182081274348906670754514090626662608509624737135193693712779860188833406087992
7845555194352577902505815561879589158643398041086893321684441920278495085775044919835855368307051779503838399479822915036806084
1432352323824143885623247262050454612927281487774810795510104248803405617391180050263987964438216016361064912733157137057008420
8930414578064185485247400714821333921221435324501439994244285682760117301820424406392510602828280562393052749013520039103061655
3173670884438194788166911165081056822054430147218290866655074231005149200684080014396687574505239932587314443974144267617007284
1527450743968461168931869720925121234258369083166801029927251949358618661922498099466741377608784560458426370545741910023312926
3234042028371733121222497619662259149254047701278276017559926645765011785573767542697475259020390524937117767929011666715323342
4704564242794556338739787095791826301668604024597313082723259898622680965079684337190731792129157208207454560161440807617595099
0586578102694447320030978034126807967366576180034644346378206991116172450484663474175770472979363179024738326934451423318607575
6711140559239053730606360957739329179929007703740765446432207582934464258439308670322228705839599858462219965901802441668368441
8135099406701400995240439771871466473527799329781080913941715241663698683730014850012873125772974693072458542177139084387995864
6568179602365017697198231075678811557245910639538778108917663715366214082022315024791477373317009595760696873073681125441512291
7907116539452577187506381898980888332568593365733396512784485641208492339371509014105839017197673863709466309379039960962534849
4750829188061091962181509528044851805549096285740983094887975885868844208625379458016822827359147295255429793714493083753502809
7458122759750053134279494636824383187336514214679539541415555708799139748870593845560799552363619897719534116667792275265497323
5164505983084622666859401822913429103147582979952129213026773147211467590148787858747588041796556975884830210299871356341343674
3017622046748766474496658478936400050960631692047289817971683454103138868538745678486924385845403439475522996310311537377432294
4414433427221551082351019813726625491301604743637648323980649889708459225496111765515476857080238229389480546313915805440388154
7128048414711368158025433805098117535633079017719775105234085215317610434688668866637527464933292899758107458405969861125706230
3650863400245738680980130673926472854780296246906056457846071189797804208159343552552140320987399388241880735463419185645329289
3725491818789741913366698889863185159632846810598378698135320769928269090296785595628838126516727088490704926873118733305049981
1156989564178115063843077403158558596361694573121010738084003904783088187504126348616809589260761446819325657369704310082822306
3039078554378698516122693013852039986103065748081512292985255853944982748397274910996825923066426171066912792454508578589756672
1894849971820554276778681262205130604407309897326530536792905116831412406644096303796353324894146354102174288891383230945427806
6519430441043631674771677332934701069341868125297788424647970576482950339536231483156528606063230103167532910086072700422834732
5003294909621810744051481544451641763277370208048653102677095428677725528287642449117886584959778219864346164599848968697364087
6751096317004399279893854072583230132666460132819591435600170059086840170914605351655306551416965997517899522960511150518237562
5960953398400790636904166620422410033200069198453455057858306095484024517953196610901762809189095112424175853725058162186086849
2378590573214575182954920757796313474094094261522041549359071498710995391605164191319908953433331128043052410209542459403183882
6967512166626834760387377091334566417667045028443096775043889705526174743033818006933449908412813794430186357687977532151972724
6459437209781961727829502811704779207375810741393525593812033931653583330049048561114949732748301604240502210577065589268424394
5485945220569893838677587873427380906709988368671130490257845675526326075411511740051320570135507392241324306058959038656611327
9867804575762976412063217986099462524791020332282964702449941371619543236717809914141667173375719858685004628965511347280443141
2110798992334306839358051076527899985588107686694616660268331099137978416904137377280100977825535315137051402200610861241845328
0363449860601942956031660094586702469467050513998615147930502263169980700379643465968570908871332692146680759419252634341789329
4178175171299653546801324512595807182660716928201014996433033979566075147588628538125142107342090640143892070802843256418010103
0456138779092213905930697158012877976499848878257289818896704580464918962127445564050766970246810568260512090191166877529968532
5482828669997339487166576516726609979104834674845622909875424783106655102257236764736990686408975204793086071837965911886835119
0267535380044835507754251971519271244598217325940244403179333727723642934577686643739339224195755654907218801997476469074206459
0065138464529181013506268966674037435955704351830301533242369638335168171139259359713958529701206344946001165594755646272160394
9247709545287060822576712084519151900147438436096859182537437687606226004692040127414633767616557761740535046385163645108196795
3057714321815816843173779617852754091940306380163712243160807705160943819438940855547343479788687898931661575785126108832716960
9533193667848378687611829528479562728893899352573352696025950207316753012731502558223567081292045437196069989946207141541601008
2746003049129497733856902406986044430147897422219852413496236136281848127325893646312380454532608491203709112537348345922832907
5956088319437370932773128721138395583820924421370173711672367829016504396575639303752597289231640106298414733655039838766441635
6180360982212734271044173784836239476693843516863507994881855803639383910953492384867775507310386199169825014966152355545690080
3474612962133776522839849256217894365224998226219581308883384099107152737580490415337430321380267679764659802341675603080689884
8385214883553973286697705130178868327520836907858212929553123995458539418552809580075802670275820221517432874193060009661810485
7635870550202301972338809565930908660230248958179738819097744222123891965883613360999839391218647211336772299291193850385713932
0223196991899819000674224598203238140866873922543961390070945675722542943959098310960399662895718004978803705167927661114684329
1353039351866220611077365279049149758286033094828313328435837478853295648033377121231092341833142961745552118705722131187887027
0630837254454720024736805497864487627874608261900388501662821043624883721807437900259240409899471051510920617085099514167842832
1988240186121860008928979530309334258534723646976027619874403865209331775508112215956780097468860667994721263707215073620406836
6148969112241707992551262221756342003961909547272415999992255159101022681539848421608837594935060720460495066842999521680449846
3457737254497423194650056810264127963010085423288394333781451846227050135758357730754076741230565869445804248143832527389323252
9790762908682747953438433738621860423268309500095630988326150834401786630708761812852217486714179905608190957461442085387864531
1522476382145618120242675473759696978079648715587754580423057134915914494338656294472760447616089310947302406703031809581038470
0171535968526973835184507085581755238300981407341777890096801351412273999921818828858705625413157216884807494772810429053662454
8619996360469711195123911341155232797961140155492488752604043466908848244534955186766472286479836154777737654804742176595782417
0442287907416054215425872961111123258314536732740500399960690027024024360050777203631279476105577959878524421999307563248792796
5348313098484066077132466864776966488466415145151104355092278471837179740560502130988667962911672913331290100002597980514807384
6973148695771873711809347394667364106588642004523762177909283034839940053425839430616152779752491636974036365528618662576277264
7738896628379276240988497456223829719984420682404133841162697625994660783140799400756439398245883415372300490612168611754778835
2968155785628016494964773780830380372616577140688533547628672148913272007307142811840952334174750520152544790354169079912774158
6160810488767205184519228782587106677087830138711937806611950216229418417002136640356986986424817853470899640679854298647927259
7389645808720792658628388654675620007991152874617887911936239398213102595897949513877377839509375811277492184373982237380291082
1922598786894089615133138929724905768857077536113336665514173213408958842847812824030198485744051056380839435865339196791176969
2136038443877769241444454895223211664298720250012371885167260344691881420934862218782035849576910341176642258076960704001222187
3619101830106431706477720342582912973276053324213930842322321478885278765764844239473581443510550046154371836075105045519367692
6632620878175338782391713943229145276164648915620343082760668528508249819030769842115080099804055533615175586509178038716739002
6375633941128896351976814553047937414266141967344986676911841486068926852092747499580940682140408121435982416523093436110154753
3222139045759943847229548540511800241253979460730316619733573541964096618975921352811299052448712030457862855059140594007137487
5542934473211875603591035637674955693033630753758706551752052733350020451305012112157194134893565133530552290159364523539238466
9616750069420348886409611437053219761816707838644591613686536212537661191394262393089971240329521480448880783267163369576343597
7663178436164222857814082876400941903973450706396969842174499622842764650335956819817450043712545807776915977745377365681672284
2935635454175721831517097628434415466056776136240049950596242823574086540015840252558304179235526092054789562977490616481745276
2672225222323108279006574534254983148801337991382313626787322270855974712894468368216489102586460739019744587910470428744488347
4456074219727400675373619105257416175699861456100136151468602175897841754789156021282927447724373220233266891662271346817093855
1945491471112632720796456775261728821202881302996527116048267476118823402662922873934255261349533307722895013671219044843545536
3793064262773487395195026532854447589979023796935998929027789654646824047287035198327952786992674028615601422606183219879793442
1630579923384492024946757118026605898057464509351571155868933384841116903091820066294965297665314366667361460313869589402652652
5439801899827848778232404947415524928188533947410081530624338414230329436826968163987544645598294181482211511249572440955572589
9020302797433585342712570197932059030880158484733343798115491391574065623327717092645488738835390428206014044345059915068656197
6778633319862050630189473515487955936852231827578947650626369925629640725543661083890077620427798703103241551925751730707081567
2865799458475868282589650599779702798567688820803000453419899694057649460056145012638522245118862822941880894081107383763766480
9848357801406244621888791600769552120182014301160477310095737436308083268418063998275870777119923015945538580745005505737103338
7945415897343252007659617183211493332054610541474762203740026194193724624943127621999433384183901217893204226254420212426063638
7076158492133875552332779907935346207685056687613427451355599366014714317865416656614209291512293922523145859007589727797381122
9946333250403836274494116934757202951674758307883028448572093526467181950556672615580772027423711017988838817957391185266051907
2671612744740733351071730789204383122286756475831821553120581637533315869945628262846596800538216358815764391197830622296989405
6992508792590965425974849365498446258624365117468171476061738700582645427331625361075430086525639161565604855405377972628830548
1767000101633223839049666007882398066097691088797110243675124836228262533287561681535331091157763899063838214576189418367103407
6457110670443987985620843280548984156731527065461755656723700576735027138342545097213504695717743645364185206786138748271882473
1596890724976137980689991632152444686110535638170408866300049744279882252913535065665891060859035882361321345023887058337830307
3373623078064203672049256820541947607511438489025503639693977760706696248117065715718091918113311545970967574977708709494235026
3986923221612406956343410179388036231285096894778891156497956823154793926342464675477516471934158222112337889492119504249964378
8383359661494890362436075780531143970408529612575647080037096675346333712031003814298042719987791032534165077846901212886629083
1031714454907840175775311491859630739967098843327841882994334085317927475102526174618259645090436553276509976956833748682136561
9064443423702201811261101290439334315411997283217810869669829733471939988609585312109817796812433049198581074521140984709783531
1643172980645376942250431938106354165389537074459078140489244293256765030797030616074547245248075610258161012282504441637098927
1963449744475973480042625489273145165780544076999525577661332442838969621507452441516783367746336168024894911875794707697541031
7478540879501049129571343735300770536436533927260315165717247241849652331693508424305277324109605811185754598081962423629189840
6683599827684293037220931133813347833193703737280727037200969748489983084498274135581120006138983726589125846483814619896382039
1059986341689241962791022654106008362005402932907446471177268388894146241093638783546170660638544503679877547754823916693779241
6066567318288101759879455792419222471083652734422111018558539534478864130071102091839803023165372816119391124984955696131849946
6509143418752724874347225367749147359005862337831645120532349014908613153135844609402649987007336422813208143055617331460906483
3354213199998376189921305928077126664201462525396049040175801721488556837349266500704234038852235700461088952452452884233498199
4256488814582093977539133655050527294580364706253926894156976648375809383013472871520377935537449640402956782630405195205364082
4477841383190587477839953144802218475017581377483593956131465077901385252056389226406917609350544701283827958845981175691165035
9675317500791142255855936241556896374576355116352110763482014692288089584642987642868701466081788634493767773533747361856594926
1789275548140948127853887574961649444778475578058016075475638253177323030087374164983465707068923303558558151943477905316462894
6521653020185636533316557444077296865023590390333185648729621716717902230175881569862122737390334951189041533339830180227274093
2241738740799072036341573074248811436322223477169424669409308388622966605065590062245566692647119962939155999944641570918974529
1928105019305194521974392400885274260434232105024551451106931113484210411868649822559924165796213171984543031754090678126105970
7223691850432923916423525460668413682740557862272946646859452084367199412001020057846809103738751744440123325432522452656213927
3644451389904659220831784890291126628998096321970481352017638587386823902603865110497499248782547323024785254006989249949637036
2368125490914853885015667449603549765164883918157991257417554348691174190395500642639268158971914968315411160008374937535704060
2009275459811984599922767470947284560232970282990047819179940733002227635796160576632463265974978503386125557611307429312063703
5284668210801338637743489600143584813073507148578726973558859500688227447435508050513188287747750741584385175252456997688110085
3073679804770516059033436419747376347125944073396261678398209865762812539120718854779696622769273119321506920635555831381282691
7090364017219499874566644997354338979508197792775841533060988865177458368657219876491035282278982441665265219245626731000939486
0475155794230569303711742143247875808031690475413279208626652350784369479556492756708347931041817323940692567675398118277710202
5987347394026084150071478790424131834854554229261815024383846088465079695373324503305612702444122591068763896541604539174335033
4436269510455092220918525983424623113381645210225340601560482106077382634781965165780342556554085651205866195116920957396275838
3995168889104032757269451494854524514321628575817645123299310077893411388042092201792884422861886303896708749182469953549119697
4535001242830034769362884028681925364864771844433940737375296944979919237869503095436572944940055711115231301447509402025904715
1800925216578304292056694261819970660613390371844516635237968892926502845404165792819051199273212724458326926182758338001776015
5370775490948607047730587515100674887605918594533934598837391246334643161422435117919064366778561014958058716726561922586618810
4628995498127197780734498354535034114170874670064085395510892816542000534421254922356138052258209965701576585535292854686090278
3177671938008077658853731628156335766651218454783739782004804667103681002183460703859644141290605438413899770795832449230476552
3025608055188815266778993615750176656164484757488579062995887277096944086284232725973634996318024169760316516668522315338538984
6602875499695059755336245084768806035216324561236127708770615233130804510875618781547430556541215471796577953669434492812681721
7882550875891690926234268000498082339514970368440072348061964280285302475222074394484586936518612822244399239424272459493452968
5181563270479719492880854609815755784042683606603220498202601700410969538595041484423412424024708099469125521786037119075251369
1248580037503075406711823500465872772309344548541150892813671393177549861436277865197182621221456420646870403987260426109411933
8643731351640151069976036541617610531794845092323107755413601880551863223421905943669090586959614825141812500194544006658912658
9742463384500880801343550699245637258131793581488832729126778269174701627529245091838528797596704702724365423027345604418154777
1491976930735419986039574314558277854162840810698202905470921161004472351694186257157283632042119485754805929863758038770286999
8776957710513013252382046879914405882388509080000643024892306629178763000752942096488188622280178608686752194263930907107345039
7700223390484500013939160057722983340948636861897585123716556883603506625380447610584051517968188462287828774879778811063488262
2795184513732482674790613434841545867779716565739406351364662664736206685645328526381352909903916053024580749353932896630696063
4740510819037498201511535054658680017511924766740460699058893969064394902765714052038187304179100787141754044221407272788215435
0593548885409678785621622325583756109305462458590848222639139506641697602853829884986982801690179238753218240401694408881886033
7410128478642788707381845999570686789659413433178313527394929430353749262597920022866973734073910557598880611659693295671936482
4050137980096982959463694663632299864309583041246448456720658864445243964035849113054975666938514766051492807225377478267946248
9230953430893702870077668677812927912187053690817849571057339797969486866950088035191626753948056471063994773880460982770051756
3412034824969056166032815703553100561028200933063775986905919463873509475321843375830242381162225467967586471609115452917543492
2276619135566337663226716925555717587888015126203959605452287702197704113342129180746061351411545746680564903503675372305630554
0286134594910134037086879568380122070111392862199290853114304309332761209262076794099989915249949904726721530928297666077629849
4661032688517145326760870540723245614758880946406315180541283633369882854109153204199703802230512566561461752474068428161370873
9985206963338598229560272298952476210547736996017303976951734650959079279082066159408637306110242916656383381032701493580216738
5913923322753424774114001206375448829014685918194637698592895629614872898525330558761701771138709572823367430917528581806962699
9424883011486160624035588850742276732199499002202807230209412116053419259700106808447590894864084149744926170960405759460241951
0111713605391910548623870259046900302961074850779853822097709685279966809633918351283533571183917553534326378996150978977861347
1050239621857569309671883851470643478606629045329299864518009651449122046063366124913574153087650803586812245327770871382994089
7338464051366649209011968493386794592783056535912533194525947811637756396164788969037121048254365052840678648300844862166030403
8244368111563457237764184604100489524090599993135317160344204589670504422777317128963386304474615794833181756194674508984426359
6271679168658661069189900053139794326069244916803991726466041535821018909664293827288937825025439753702650278433431356713529954
5346852690092871593686894605405997962260976572140748476453131018042391268683407218753909113662935434807662980531252367452071209
0705634605741863631683627483540085543041836023190103343436641588904884705166081263630037435630150915106908441737355700766586129
2154922713467232816471312647563953292047715226865590918846184574044421063130666383320555928376617359704955430293171097080231031
6735370005980738361139146789749484206639522950848455336267649778629028940168072161013843975973729190308856690607301961044761977
9897723534911105404785432577277586147477026587182509778621368216939584671433875920453602299697242616307976245807249371547062253
3864808728722705732544842322660134226278752025136368637744919793216576700939583871247088670783610602247097814787263304145508390
6389663947104499816842871432275844541634180937582381422116532840275365272420061136044394514594368541860114545782560162829849217
6461508204689611076377900958964324912439197085219708917353896453831247651446957118893020342996847989755084869372230374673491989
8433851389135866749479827490565035784654953912616746305746664585754447284795963325019971006496729330088735987747297399102902166
1771497470275815103247219843409878702558703790756432271114114625912471360708464566558219993340028146304118900320024587821960404
5976617030473732204037553918438169303047012033263099608437162902327180494837554619833899125897762143660304278719895133912883606
7761343244919347585259429796353568917054332343654064758967248953925035366120514799510920191615767532119958355777106600079597516
3095394058128591553990850297147880385815415033833458376807751479083131186229720635268920776120415936997418185983635572280182597
6753076258298533536576760943150454522971260918131318703703785217592559654671733288977408306810194844570204346184368392179063403
6769837756043399718259982003405678775173052005969429887545845745194588303371446514765027612890020128811539282517812340583382742
1145447512453860943574015365970108349103036202936884373965378227317332374230149559079576915215507294569467043944303098203606050
8331961563901986606916925958427127071602998579210529763507751756811409645017688889813292902535048662887095342609935463489041490
9736668802244229960622339427799905563413901438749725163782080129777353814116461004513305940715905434522181472880934497720795747
8089231465924779558459413345521275018800849869822143818873965081853887737597561843190118386215028657051186337416427295963183576
5419828194392698210106536176184087551774670922454148544855468554475299499312061306599825835773673050247207685913286844665654322
2029050617375681673334265164512497368276347055093268045529145666800867914194334235145959975127160210970603920222624846997715913
3338289728310358326423356618856438897910927180875153967318427145237491006914876971227986916804404786999082347353908985698677388
7003592673799641258705037230618030712653838166741113566125031462959628644295056269826492276245790120809269461415827782914919523
7933808111352753578305022191116925704616734794703884497922451694274860316351759525772713769181944674741861315056661705956786856
8984597543198443392303548683602615735750098545443867287028649374064105213301110278127297110019939173598045760404284726471910865
7750264118815211285409646722851047280505065647360902845736489925465867330208651476223128001763893620074546763783343802324668030
7948487261322735741590287466404743224701011374099821413313798593806289098955840277566381979282309078179393391191764372912784048
2031963937573607333606298955675833689352959686316425308916957187087489102352532079680910868716368077096336327451835608150057007
8744303746009770077282182559273953960324245388355803375849588763883535017206175431068707914836359928021715134879810455899706000
5908433402194706392948327209167569206279605516036898586828659659699407482487006764800996251885333845684403771593097852947347762
3484375963559500648211146100726353736952008101895174614070329067925003079219669004928157370633196400836866091467437872364498774
2081484205640426298611707106538905461885148824043568864528394387116332857339440668358439402474410629912663441714724196706517933
3644343088909312558175950443352757850056547896271926536743829402725583986356025290388997593791573353364649376090870755738159871
3017618967565343354488657372318982952747583634309941675726567297969538505603943497976312767045820564276791044673865996984930840
6755211147212352533715490737391598930938409102322563339784308800982635726297552669891177376792489264858203303571448544969284885
7207413969560628720009738274631537646543552986672220301640499255496422838738773705028096119936179105477192211718065255929107570
3952347918324244189239309810051132796520311457058379135751168560732193370931728585607246787585935133034431471433154073599431184
5948122133173804973271249039138486246462418117000640467153032385374427588683813496957187641107568040808210363510174360369854945
6331834561201934486343354906308493614367011264274134644391474781936706762560771237417922164625963715633624786284367782142544668
7058988605827353891060874777352863740110376065711990117582066617633614262447752203022541270469488891576938820572417323582324874
7650494373012942929901692837674976301695625545739424778268284160337186164992467580080040539595408395037645199431241659430435207
8656919176134694488026966726643058582704520649434961668466021566505602068958240292321141423966866142697100141650705135865554164
6074242737126300341900975693876422564450176547153341379638414445501488034596312318816964962988094532520846350286682968373824742
4534503855120241805255426868718961329975641710164649957599487128347011734954984504486944932371682996864451326051197976215900771
6630007989276431575068445405328391722701879448701430734576747641331918162377214794008905979133776103351215776077151862759310804
6329412106193202180915032816114091690804553056071102324935636935651606678882718350090015499101515918794964067433252126478982521
1507488089191785086302341745012119227252927110062837567351191646939013086128950794430586208439605756178768284242079693463131834
5134585587442274519690540303774472196006421738851673713532054649167344075465437753885506375501473079004259777595528824429150142
0167920777588082886922742091652852786107461336681294679615598036369318540905949328746327769828031291675250740935570893774610363
0038129096989223899832722064059115068115632289006675498997130267266081648211647293457692956590546845542631469315045748487379716
2520900382745986244596184110700770194581607346454171538723932383294827821673322365898338493511029865949821494463508742106545267
0565722884026288308442559359348206336146522003909225136977382087745807490609842307769964489536237904153503877870475885643050177
2879720936866676112852941496983745298612873646677215750883429056007867869583163799946103524454641087004812983861736126233920563
2682472400392268500328620582825275316785330033129835929951831594780666869418979561874633816166907302039950903765570878767521214
6000673278648346135978034734234778737168645117288730828023574501322757674622590092065551189918194137651428146720102471591456653
5327338501961495043879408610895757013526179026139024561532644668711391863557108491473051168562266679950416482721536337117909482
5138678303997976985493577927432562758408369467781462054517017307284536794110651849922852301352432225552398279721808418546811336
5942090618633537593070786933293193872947689557210874049534803895058142797994756021217906395785182382696435144831868446840701054
0805866230785777399683174946303367253262058687100298157860323746012789121984620953083069679370163347105957163924550067110548159
4041789012854867563385153833627178486269852350526357948901776390770563029842109776450416321004402898078350462398525384367774030
2665510818821145216742821558285899523213916502258403631925403804385199376750878427488901928524046342897043307449003184422505729
2048478041171475190266068119919204384149581828382571880806118238802367751477551342088588974943077841775978105590373879036044712
2582550167003327483543334770578776146465326561660371559249486818965320307377862762238777770099168908851119806663382875070424505
5444680706893164832113072218288281376031594555136022935125966599054561592735752631698479935094668438169179747421550309847079353
7876386229779167984882703960774028877296085268097204654180082218579776041301150186998163564389835397054336008319799363495236122
3595623959964323543031266473552625582982574960453793645874949571464306599166850005238654688725079784506108930071723727021644099
9904805562100105780931661247162991156577135587825115134266116050943890998432158388576995701892214120245792294717827415173723116
3198902109416772023345787207073949684308452839612518670096056433197360112721221131290963458888501686457236376124484894557704239
1439923839664744053843985184599889045003833780920311682293838839176055898856807867213644378338290067096258257324765963896543835
5700918940980369141639579109635400284102047501766736959067637462699617150713985354772825179670276479720622682613542577452843978
5832673606644924997743952540484980626339060224968813632527031664879549813855034184500405400404100621140495713672255224298990414
7192889419886464319914820529555240869091567523179106161721958129392253172606561099507740238957725006168387598704764060094854671
3309479510962185342022955705280901753250343720767822070179996628541199963151640899372621594086084748660799272108092321615608962
4880909425016446720046143938905942262706584339160340379312192206890240470343647456683169242925461208146677458242299921836024115
9112782389287307875231265914118831295892615090298799256818943475243201711378213965480178556028607894090008691361256922857338305
7878997196220126636517126620736341433150726102479409458917297307599211520723041036260833938983460239182766740060701211352201191
8683094774314359941970056128495804368612258860699432526379799515947600345795062224586289908023772808639146020665057226162935485
9660235891943541046373003698737146580202165968722595524291168751596799140752064994627768069683240083731174671310320210501136516
3952299801633659008575843631974719807086212606583728034228268635353770341290150958327244666611228164923899770204672751927925499
1681865396625682674685451758504759903079794185779114689381923935911799262023419094458049787998569136087163049641052695527707434
7051981372339577512946597699315700689964039969082898958542940125278978182609047860935808672479205043611404976983579300374284797
9494276685604001130980581987978951663125638076896908522150813094023439651488500315910058707670482621722763754582892271598798239
2297480620143752383199993430862475021936852109466853279971476608874530008450195147642064323768140191491557557914372058492369456
3210874548598055876505562103390094444210433165591830328725710043504607452200463576289609058990598342445857989436858490154233543
8132507672542987199374049904308113523835831443354290371614453927015873910762212637250354565826616538395197156337073925141693484
6828640682510305462478950222772217556425645114511993512248969567524785308290443499084010706135805334321921588360262285590883409
2594395457778771868965633838538089838472114546447151674569430202509411063873470113459762471547280714167783037132473173267526307
1601839698883476534179701757004074668031433379390884724016658551011492507080285489891017007383477491584644025888213433125759305
7523532561560703539946099285117454732843364985652611667389407913314960693543811095755855340427962780551780192610470189512825524
0348247544916136977309530119407469259627024645454634138436438519986158560867875479423449700625816301245511994796229708771223160
3917296084877555076938742844381232454610347414176454495292235478841999037736204668770470759408859717947445502249268193464913498
9942815514474689741504492308012003642347161752400872994567873248383495234578303317585084447735662421098893789187005435875125952
7400181919019490047282686705057224403673442901199627215721287263528829739748034312624985655044437343710362758307470148179539661
8008829134593470730958751998114225068506458584106597781009501241738039124829892755451932663527484529522803117480503191650035801
3220127286757997144992978308357689318213671314902934383221575508818519767526663815112777913873690474000419949051472231014820267
1399894109901863236068753449286869832068943284626949416147238270002784106062189067937811371979896380361397172738949505933506481
4254902873234171699063619785819122642732788292824537159169433666069361612397840595910726633660384383938078177403483650975568259
2209368179438159444309719519784098123505334554409147220881995692904711982790135929098654648473758048308424437091906340638974131
8784927854050511928452505266509077489186830632833630361379070849447072741785156478899585449175370978549268898176795868437582718
3231975833056135924558298656515294400028803078329218944207863428380011023399283981167261222531969361122301223500410734344217228
0958925958615134583645559459986109673563012970906230471133763988818583110841341249599399387466204289301186261815920165156578985
1991110694748693828675086932988793084291818416422390423728768580762059411945640551530823790024178761601499474873560699371792162
5361696020245404957765470178767621215479647553935020898244576640893571391546565492142211775010405579641149396961911772636411704
5933641384834122776049822258585947581244135364908556513226296636775905866481756079367435635748095205281573764949264635941006411
5041011491795017405240846374877784042033437774313006536528316953327476960247723830386371163515353865121506304361011426783525735
5488997063517475914229301557438267886673740763412117613628897204796477231021684048588313466034859903879245472327441120566103502
8530760385580859337137628786690355170400764087907594224462686544107056072485919968752489909254263413225447887894153248109175652
6157903578937685041336967794345564722166007100607239958562466608483279980200607600350161886932405833906442195659498278360919430
9828873150674702059652960737024831945705458855872859591267757719944168191278626072224244567244295799804168245158850647976515767
6733614592966966657616990010769041211313964384427177615958783894640954404002730067938048093833284287697173874637222402450231077
0815239310564450548270963278380227549898803833625140660969258768879529883774142739151346026790443492061196604908528916004363340
4528891650268490704421594911777184311417838640306057034638291330148034732863406008674812263692977851302665645685305101437279625
3233475352967519524983898638596372885741145463145393518228460271054338502613983364910024616107499752355701791207046590492672193
1607766030654760272868975035371747266369258074306005268123601506826295532939956628851683606599198929232644016608548496393286833
0164998823596400554560038697981327950512161089142533974519294883428101099674224630562022297926592367086936345609705271926077768
7913025882622995728679690258052758137385077334095212932668418477051379462440145509778953697224292738907994604706710137743620276
5951558921066718365814901585239666946472249768608440652585316569506390348051275814890810652375791805564478189249435436637972574
9602716095164159166038408316037910403855288603710934148506742938423062837375851102966449162297207365844156933403348477083451353
4627498098319599205600533412615626896664838788638148524473652142820739172777284703948483540298530565794965460580139030303425684
1565284739336025065162908150482205331120001945515224141600855715524039864305366369748820024483450351626491054274468986093516231
5340418952181086209554963565801571626818882174630725995663438985529129315572417340527118943747399687973820656682726051844769221
4320926831481382140838060220194555123790396897025705923345941235597539508677805522059012930976097312217637965288298799051778479
0908830534451543414307140854781014820685341080782566962124152921948070095677549807088847640541631088209567823713325266131951427
6110373879023562027503964302970937405830359276112650695138428936697834271328145752116000081078410010751317037848623862138058557
8822703971093401247422493922044598594234342733457558225718617586744418222085876701060696882821515543129744401944915912235798465
6594559520819849307838207390295967732653907650649027886332594421647601798566341345946992510422578734064164433073111139225071621
6354737391657731503659719583497860062575481051328877369003533126272128322177145084735337788672157007937391387995919117571678161
6945608633872227095639320829071216249131553642307083427955811490415705093929385003029105106248578633207939138356220965510578956
8875904572434922005652897358604531384916362396100014485333372047722658292461442588088931849935109173016445065149146280103138497
6344250852997852406467930596512109372720069308708153172074632971208643949842907827125891877283714403480777088075917332714430078
2141088112696908575603884902935424862191062652660730968192553423838776572288261313561512545353202622522229101786236940604077536
5420581455921312988453042096323962394005097705232943223301112814607176607418563604729931333417412031473023307632699354685035657
4904931609893963364651740622632458671635349731291306084872673976452365611310080979515796567705432384020374827307261624382593308
4292701172515433578998040448234672894273087795215109333668233787741983605782088266764474905796649724673659270602807201042559641
0405892711593975173584006410022813365106426354541842020523033260675160988528765885253376470412464249071597201808795790920249321
2969506372363457771265917606965665281965775472879910780113511573805868748553670687571273946389007257215130433994049155446244186
9422294818781445710760638755747391659377594672815933259737267891227254986222671631563563954141355946614955207418080860505944166
0087286626782644309557643177400304492693387991339358406695023215774476540471075851900070969889709559625262772196723374356067617
5897279697608188221125456894430238474410213921346239465846675042270793388259552491229704041982502727376305057500585797419096572
9629126678093091084216993559586337141715599917690951379809444249525710962700663884823083705316885810747054287541385125785199583
7595346119985543253389563272070967517963948640714499895302628870263490256644647992172402145011433583359949875045014139097383990
7523156213061115787711878716816595972617134587220608008483487762219572353605120083032766155082751752855610567994430397014253895
3701919959515768374982789437891830642750960645657994589236832995980797844253496076657711645006752860088626834982056251575040225
0979950855271929320767873941275718754278787090305240807928650242101643623835476811933436063479233606315724201732634520101994785
8113983065740845934933526321338302277547952641828910682131706421618856976337728051411744765715349602385454916896966865817502458
3541043147303624444017398708391616664010004834339935228226187248791543655458437287589626370079460316930365464946671005586907844
6467142906481062672351612846421358624595986748030105764102127849419935691001942740215832120384833855662335231988116688960608695
2788530799703761722379561161257911074841314957231380008835616333860526518888348729384930186986891972631716493196919384541563044
9960151488910951179842583784111062968107086150565586865326760613018375413860020781154310137687104793480739369654379775885629180
5757125618091793590015555342485911625792045336449768530669665131967481618933921507464033442861020327590807013639300157233850794
0108561117599044904729443235325450727345789731582292014742872599813512719247096059598721914318005872025916402947088829272312140
0248866797650825595958204057508507830807476195084664283762933417519142347075582529326241506715718869000199121666869916905668032
8723343677864688450245361288384636252992454056026441166941292835836423200070814147349431308408145782824860695919605646719597656
4679974361161727145100641660878503281476844268161393833161261969965276371391589006952925603728082872969549646978882403423923010
1471039994683623569789873331804012722815466719684852070254837711074357511238693361592620597284807521864906755820794891745584020
0746324287724173135220206601559184495263174825463472438325932765982783597938536871848298666533763661034332204209283999095134727
8847622479138729829083277482843135313544249094572861179333595590622772221061675396437819003622647477864448706978670376179646671
2102601933270120920559135994545418775337484717153198432612404295706149728016561442479718981277683958181059597372600330224769132
1259053282379608711992970881977405077810774056106800273103144031624467658496517236458989974966732962924668833215016485379965273
8337096778081104941132624055977594869352911917306275484469902456879306916808789684303864335821138065913931420528939044385046271
4299368276599609244497481316123376963837008957992736164808101728168540138407838646916364855310221850303575133697274394091619868
2713682765289699129061431150379322274699877403663503040025037596762253721290401208216082436415144118858632156119324419976312546
2881609371673910343032291044465003849815028985591391451188131927898325558643746240832264615980161723347980750483187867525894824
1267916226042826987257806754004440337824069605413162886825139485042850988829975658205470396562194892003670768255291562747373670
9234220033570807048609309912547070817083287541492891357818324994480536846132188820055694019487542207004276192292369053562016777
0261127578143197454905032632100124793899615216318941692486325853609952184783830755458121912666549923939667928989436426770649961
5323045993412285553048451071174802746049476412795340271320920389475261483664749025686760199917517732942380222819936015551403774
9891352074356975839408670998973900071675970495889358565662068888386887973659152279951010618083877084169404988201568384833942255
3238050166229051707803832286590198074734858215255713288528844554284335600396367554775218985201346513397387400209397068796825742
5728107211476180762511967972657147473012924183544027968479506893336809289253531374220504641466496667214723927677602095165464315
9011192930379184487659969643233786997863887173759888022579642343995986799605176120033884333316312893660726740709366636155465721
8537171701432226276253255188614622965933151059377811653184802609155191205285178705789524447418786231655055288040171432169049130
2707936970837574068569629371931407362409248401030806380356720552870356587923391333211272591561747393382939386843280495661244314
1175509422804438381892148322240590701277543376729396595323849510597370466005945680426336918977914561211300792916203174309654171
4042805192423544654158411198004453353597731647696727421911837745446359133507547657475484034048732290037678198364742205283336338
9337695707833044354501853716373623356235483326284612569311911355595616206369186001725088755459930335959640295675396477063274478
5056639209721879485672408789757891131387617511313947970994081160678454602320697412448491839531065552976208944273555314142041880
4822378866853898824086257862623541730929040197220702007762078231078349736989651940081080724932828161588263934616036801731107678
7042616549110273896023934480613769270956663187245804271172698934235574549161064775406631472230169390486643998381840493803484843
4432695989367708020512810012276065008453086786966931783819054126557051679306430656639833606398733688366162720200084451796967553
5350105131227057106985599834342048762794186401151883770272342638155104883645396726235498798575148882718582404327490926780130044
5764192533929612390344710894456047465905143834205988681215996081613514814903908502795919703880401811242594826105306055481784823
3081736917550671392293064759141270028494719167332097201455667940386826052104961288882027240309372922868375595753000121957263246
4989894866974583276238356566258521642610551259726323252743986766553600472233437943119765905133915493843897768279428421555764861
6801273161353076961494549671635819940275013580673219344227796480147357333556424794612960445706828140206119824948840749240399787
1573785648039077385334262023034272384935398204989144292167011651539471971703585283557377107933951650497678725581455181207346698
4874698339219730333194095651462069186623435369684882832433815952523247766685863473588031370751632910706819521148264821690235129
1745856207579350369947762735836875634021204626000569901414064309006844235664625468595115296405455194740314530759379861609679354
1263339035301388606388533163722497011371588322482095769750979879436887231718408664779720990691297703089437248834586600555339842
6251850491772376275294393458209471528965471290147918965218220499155230361216164967212789860144972751525815583122397986208096706
3484214175754929920259118693783510869997218078047468018854269713219002531566539459352397848678904622285083238008575450746485192
5035485477939887603964624838580376893177633857009639663967781579876337080786152281286836780643711497334038142643551235377859312
5770990490009748551131841465407612077195558195928231585911499648608018583508169531801015305515399706824738442071885239921251502
5505962701249607762425096231287734763141665342862391398728642501706701840207749211087529147723821274132607543767155647569233366
9531752996646776228330405381959650186056935054844849148234315573131250892996644098435195362019426286916985576819912113865830014
1606555436659451432978242703284043412347220692073799660822918397493666695089541486316957331014765996271479614514099842437809535
0289392478723841946498232349165923942701150815142311799644394965419544149980499852640646717021478951519649059011872310248139100
5511032978947425845575588456445816057377640214105339473284188761415785249565799756251192934762389301520020016150949209737931857
8405804800314504366659749363367231268121943183966514746661384830649579675620136873178912503421474419998605051121952540207826204
7505457456876976664571641545260379929258562329503538400546169325488895767917670975295980264182906923671943997046060564087753548
1274387949977098682446892314563863257816052408410571422114222854885606494860672338931736657657635104187063013087549529686451859
5042755850832972022663213277248439000831269961224227718932272498745376713860758630276016079020855254056636945995345396441383249
6344700532270890968181465829707309620564725384105716449055864407328703719779390283415257182087348958918979888739066384714906447
2478502268884223599964876320836160710993832544375139942095572555604343446400261859797019349052899588226956407340248510969084412
2858479499626608853379284122587510516464864248784114135053508629608620108109543831989223100900685873301894882329747241764687394
3516073975240799285196283516667224035786957693305024409405170967493899593072209653378675045399225752043351688237909816464332488
7045960591955279992811051225021192695063962021956994060992139199430008815112575669363055918094781304106258599283195179624447775
8303548637737456436395221856298882133107004338700669993457647426042442520873552718504789607522324772936205923889075833787877983
4528959091848677214793256254827374251508317477836642431769535470979890535339665561280184226951752824749258073794415152803073480
1459998553825438645486213601892946519503789985188491129629213533576249295139024141113828276369687768834808863007813942900737363
7827507025285847290454033855290419493832906414032145098230761761828468254431382777807611448800062745765313713732689219610038574
3538625159483449646940178756166257692080479081424585343862543469052182432934925669284445293824171233112956439604122644220734705
8884093066755275809492142335471176239144329953772128474695403479470145379846983260079920680227191033324315471442379828977213518
8161874018859891048210600302227335518426279312266158906257386817733776024570411483770025016852705510503728654494429243801612182
6746947553453295308964010256393213729923189009745905892535754926116629620973613924884980514744338995975237628963272677038960017
2316979912101253225038374374358240155041996499533280966926264100171569427093110935120513047386276224147665309331079377719563345
5252039218101191323619349210669314090591183299132043388783600602372822313158646436097466384432429894279310347011205483804258365
8849078102378497326534646727789474466302897639756078400720546541976326397706257168948381071970398216623030217390426497155999023
3271457271229858454657827770335612567349224212240695221407152662225083082143775459834013524692150107287815992741275927112028076
6697268153473360409230969649314429281006253608637773637800129431557004336600687209561833649108523766841818697796052616713524406
1264023927267188505910887476294511895228887727108862538027310305679469919872644028196540981088809214448552558389500274219570341
2341820289505149961074855375132511787200836031120337305514546465652487797619606591322268017233923749079200060539286691098575276
7095345917502068750136490067362248249806291619173145831611517423916491683475780750592775740226681145459237438975249038494918255
5854207316691383141245954956380735287065353365324788816174156724268585661703068556010195412645633774843480772404581791184447848
5983572806554767884384691619553163176913927916522767085440008009887977162986441335924089064521714048589756802500400756006764546
8749074908864079527865640561432569820363365495585933467014689209329639785755338623694144042638210864919006966920756182400308068
1488418928276481402385931315882264463640479342727038934158474806015143604448429971536086762337574137961555181782018130291223711
7647631250366260770657650732694263292505761395977741171841175592881623563088242488954360090722844918014816525013438918815206919
1155451667283610662459850201212152183408308503418856279359708202057227744768180593554527508439246428232801124311275672977637096
3703563826897681685685127020250312031591544945988953353941140195645214477592978106315927871524898358121653801020581142274555566
0502532594831295067422782714984502485832073390165137849670240378837997996971720348493993863606290066187249274244662460276318689
0152755194697776938435286119441290637386200629628199446127743622173851669645911455169432495002024405765718643210153464143701889
2562249212763374000591086405147643148598332714850654045728093130807693494090674026473297812238167578278207216049055667059931109
1802942091998951751764726262310843905210614073350123667768202638105831131108058708767584753018377136585264570210097378501497188
9619747156993809984322106521027559385156110152742577368251988283361064503255508785410345421538190771023025825991060075397692057
7975279398046115700291300736456549463218759811012712333893946746580558137896237287869240420636891089058025806023431754219781359
4988421426405962855719392598321200928497349040850013918965781094541442225330283536616202634976088463128589329235150833173556905
8706200507172140856416642848813849966143817717503023224834106896623433469273328907429832511563972309658830234487588093651045739
1804318877742597644565913208808319750885352430439083436497378247283858616368363127977363367800390625897013789449450637875537399
6640589174553589654051256599633381120024749952650719727219130629373315456037578535279963334633963259335915488696463449646684320
8032272830450718870582856393550555068150335019058461099968557096935808325051772579016403379075019846185741776197086257884683319
9863845517847573376326098832507232200317675290516210661300649571154879306959674077908278504743343209243187243262639791806186829
8260961262731301702271912238265956345814430445731867024044874570864287595912998480366912356847572447005441275362156399624494941
9393142035376317879394642824057024278760474627041377093083443136837548371844421180440200277690935722486852916560800667873141543
2707649253179074679795746660619684282278565191941032558500021642302377918384225264159606437430918854686420568233535916210590247
3653446714468860199818770176822269463628134871277975181151133360475139855607198727163601307481114241837610243765527921963130342
7740886414228885927181817969815506430494309276878003524396743847692333838266397442280441863182363662933711077420022986422070281
1048387053761801939044385077721021658809540040018134673396554017098633248966461113346771441179046101247543088625644697892282167
8354720955462557218106068480057094392968433715936618376234382444557134795213907950353329761280756136821666440990155365084581402
3688937719186699342108738462217437423679733279917547383863629404136782590007047571508080094271518356483515978166149181632884691
9910698753207335191315666777695731726998145344199523600464027456153460564479006998462380767579651598842317204792886070420998182
9896983218119310999564732404427002821382477892511011450905458994448002735795600011464506066851494867367124445888153203962666112
0874480478255387464724872537442210377291532518746867402289144019512477208223281547993390653821697806118478800205575150577662857
4918888004811316598554705337363884151483714153627256672377291874950758530975380513235648385297027498654040181963476939202925535
2944953053399838723025577285199841577289179795119166022276762443360574684698180143394617215098184693212410119796009072687729739
9732016373361334253176297777291060712041712200359193577310902701783613655008446771602140682798342306314527926659629849329119883
6451043591004466592393679872228794008130850294984708968342075888842891418002758594861642712850414025146690654543853793479725972
3268929657246764345075224814644064768187234583627518324258659649632755014931180023989253455291331973610627056888949488127145955
4261926089033087120812284628614836440477048559583788705295941729615760122728002946792084729956587080892613331345225489314812847
1986796721026437522158295162217239471552249715846680613750709615232262912940447904521346670150883469709041492285328187488804299
6628012528405245613161440847234508491425287943434287101928325272535635664307751412665147263964282878231211570769131706300759265
7377088066364420743764402212273540338705138073396342307947494852950818207406971919647576428347904811456431944019834650692515506
4705138654618320095006319217530505261916581737627651424491878629844356338877632449493703212698711863106207638016952512058495841
3297864919576913522726817303334406976314952205292550373391722910736512885151802773872849953849211298237482028668331950499038336
8974669281536290012748118151506739167431258730634523888446083432703773451432089051580445107667501300580071396777438663916505890
6676388335245038478835892287014370527286751599266433016127479958260673956274510190770236842963946164980795747343439314929899367
9777763357901635768971296015139054097237772494695148781717193551641896481882800982585569826367439263979611639005318235314749057
2006174408272512048656262525906502452313110102817338015892638328650570498699472308145823254807565718645774486952361348150134146
8820513608849516349458467726176340280776183307750894733331062785346417632047203675211923303269854905166452369376623717371465515
0487090344893360730368974812186113379856699749061983876927406730979994152222167896194935782650684486995334925005887216364226178
4428212757677682587368912604936275746129828292671231661463255473216528603314371364809318568990891647756504476074694167225494387
6438298664776502895176225722692218937876815974395529173364685280466577427859435428997212680686584089016477667080112002827762955
5372837358048305432426520203755641518748461432567909426155727245524828496289926253694681592910381964428484012886894327170000564
0966786693488185832806410657062413915673905612790978639242251067404941406079608751238017548545457392976940768385484687626020964
7081334569477079676309855956739406608641536536529136201573794386634730088085065014162237881535086131012737674806790302926845508
3849506256608406770319555639552727023819412680964197246748248202159679944624779483651489821124252171233790787024388338169387126
1220350189747959004534763654451835109235619957413590127042747161319131890755258681890420398880573552502186079819673130304226319
7793578559294710797103985830517016163667215076322029333261233893714376644214340079810529332625249572639110330515277641165833848
3375779071080037456833323971305312807921291040172365572121296035080033198190386403786992644365488916964829938879099337521148544
2151885079681150752124200634430960212055491111062153428630936693865872096334814997531820067268121582290646921550422149642030109
8613181778258533141158145972750085504588401393903967265445772834337987637418600396630528732934239316047591685154760079805548066
6810794208813864500809678470319323448087878028803605043954670396669190693495990898866714597544374154361810960387728955757997027
3780694542345726440651447280692129044592214402723296549397501233597057657590741164054767713089063618201384926245188297986421050
8252358803202927045538322743598848427122577241918805031148056119515867274399187693181758263084888023518690338982779085780404769
2424326538477152923084594002081423911440158206786241827087394911592939363042513317947630468078474296989628062484584400644343448
6293560419015354447114147053377323271370974957505862615433195073799026219744354293045028357502721448147460831465672262899873109
7387532795839583928982541818961799651808690944192536299119649406867938059084796080728700163640618737891537102681397327040310310
8646371766907348023824656340748360066056892200614557523317897955392332090329097835097131487719957799594533173582638863081864212
4986100049536290446290958993632891990045407747006838784207732735249166707023914891375926737812449203630774188546578985599909811
1084402346707970131458723746814930784514195757804466199671002857316090262762516878154322011683754629425143857675752082486603247
8761838577711280264766083372187992430863964477324546898292032760669740251929185543394862067810777754782525582117312630882437464
0771509220114585291617227270613376384799093204219724418023916278133523270037263368542243169870229505561283586085433377009674011
9820385787390786107677870809083528732710164474423943477332838364565199183957564959608617849089060421328797474250989472544417321
7919326323563029775076417955118634250595776343877190502902725431786697484594693383405493496141691115991728752796848704617855725
2558255581109821405634179872876958166347174474348761073684217931689004048682704410888017280103004988712033725528911209075578017
9160863221896162516421424469589930231499714756713528296148018288586763465400454214603217797926981201646940396481239125062147650
9840316514604720267572846195066141632646978531870664811024154364403354983561787177052598257504070314131100093324913554509718449
9311775701841172266095504345180054522901312438857477399185382790126084433098439433269362739881218978298243657480689874068996355
3022781945908762278768811002699224365141074026805076790548873962428543441756247033480754889441799694147133688175673557083134054
5661203741867036406194178717036861247199166773801082533375613708479585773697108277538910907988050442661518792070910621436071059
0690138478379736786396005725249615711997663990048585261495921831819669914145515073403200894318211855461357229650824823305525133
1751585791160648049215935161043755494836647727651069321059714784747155745680573976254930604344088093264307898664770655705644210
7624145261014687805152488774841289678583856425221410365164555890159519557132962343799732888357700797774204345288024762788982261
7890710552868121263477187455194185399264846143513087916598365744278210315488246993448630198352186843484020444533061474327432896
8206909625120146564482691781469049022430111838502858582644125909195387775957182358764356323550045553074686821737193044914677910
8204337650424296695493149708468179951960014630538528111508141341188662936175939750414398867506644825258652647525390439239752201
1219359010151342200692679606063626284788399861632782010310804100495631217242235430375489322644648855854345633079496117764048987
6653697464408607985860924202927606340854610960203650555980002938739009437996650927711204711526682854187368829518663287620378635
9615765538591556297112167827891749863300345638363300995749126057833117511099109253123549891887992882557489784541036449471882403
5919028352049694001658038819829671235731815415745829048231249060308117257367536285634944658365311943856716917740139982945041953
5779687741861700152585779009366027675558545586949850924189709461217199740749305528005166461978008407813915390937008493360553115
5834977903061566139099870190655547716966444068581774636647968617674813198281268006404303675453751976888820043577600761967333881
6972326585063978838443446520453713997506879344217941897803906052743968972254016142258731934881056702957790715642228115030783951
1362425902796546798395679404782769752464205460307818179674687205006891103510168328363308032810297518997174255427908231022445396
1509825900031470252867573280977984303757520410764668672441796612789584482854046983756780462029600563288455226754517497700564660
7759844224301976256343546717305935453950775711909213261546888518009701479912670689049983757648821113680742909226880646315005569
8295567234561669944338275143058695909726066802894545455268764288094686590468443329734647916141835949923568889966174907115365925
8847804451408263609187211738763773284048172606546780028907522556324927271519705281526806470352840988271648499699486513703844773
6679160425612818347335886820513491773906491628651444000288856405322740614920289642723221399498209432232637228104522990852837747
4111012689294616788593607591102956684483592350971102538317426326909441395344097833084048144520705500574792401000355907792380226
8347617047251388711302856164567942061715329050448779661635598992241168749527006373179435024773116055832951174916423963970112173
9055087726497472517559694026453105136312139238988721622285684818285622456138820844308772825216777711338810456475617988242424162
4197863232696784218000746661193362219301917851338032677667264033511098062281872897803087758355321546501532794013889570222549856
6115749894285255554690322957000949336927917916709996337643587065466062558943015944180187981070089004992789679317730749848395116
4787717685054333694149897473720745326568218218182852236278365043324649884567032268831086174748464582606382556519285049880278120
3971535819215057024510844131306800637142690099398881617684362973207491682213220003762765264571054110883901103595485168757504333
3733461701846483183011223494998710865469936261566419212369452729547931045469934427223536598514620405179798084202385746863975487
6787515125117652836269017536232648894348703796120091034388135038967463209181552965632410604353037772756879239864709539921500366
6197228209653401639582453147092770443022867307115583008238408014093437109999520308757528533277994723967340185717046004119026260
0327403058251198538854684801262565688227840370906858688450070334229654311591524491257725374686504434311374381373826709761897189
6320800720313217016667089641041343357180293991403820786439200978809209918586099663595021544518755767970175732723433500537775215
8586605557740559261081287090127076957830333678084994220662406403052293892606977228772765289631860524156764537528844813070064403
8457029064238615286786107279460798384585105993306593540395560420933072225512825677840166549704827482169925869109982598418898944
0346460363516674840943211123653705144516811133167773396076974206411386351987012791478690845256647926914987854519697980693850902
4071039292859550793054081697582930309815712485519665021072773643984757349601035844973218854642152867868823320985485836576692696
3566944195916064023455915853671413519744116499257428302391059795726588226281448949481887857567458305547585518788070366283222643
4475630384874509141748841479483575783195093285020751153893790442309506156006253308563119939383816229293457633418322795791651798
2534236711768923060748330398823973796625511107263972895904532310389295669901143468746002992855700338033513519817927059960082258
3266833442506157497412341209730995861476441931081314990884968759007025722755350805078872002993770048685210269397083340942969079
3325013293836474893127556216824859727670678446693115589979109778870903809827936806876988266059842178470200459657153466761585276
9339215768239697841992780261560272323641382940735693971437349481277136632058838727826902049882698280374121176916226254815769890
0579266322319718076679029381516879866920214093645961826097287139995438556892638562807533592029177968784950961959651824138364712
6905593271581094882293836027956049322801541013654133342099776388830151131142904625837046121178740403372359293970069573073460036
1334657560229091661514767192486484034874814804158436588838115645203542626667263606421481459341052191296393864355597357106139612
8983996484498008491962652081920903788269022697096829121085293173454864230335343930546161539206227982332409686050424799265682960
5979943191308039044837616371196377606973368879788064283861010090419804092295381096855027541458106648574572073809903498794247525
5748223869403535883463902896159174890497470441638233019825678773597770107171367867175754297335334571074534607008535043181405194
8795353535341345876592035589428503364517129250540037247550521782811791666374510791517112671288737422099652323046937343991337828
1845836116381331085732349956975527066319503790930145646064646988078457512408200058689118375881261700543344729871472397774510391
9908840174753246368222566017712326787176851291551010131314349894185604484963390215007002796394968662213178018411586445058609354
3648708782366479438386590662421575557958786432758515733410030956830742717789884410593667200352894830011183921069426063462365103
0863636445701114598272155058937842933641739192649108654968863927721554489981493578009581287965498827240184001075889430327826948
4493294744917241293353606762738125798775389304371272784848161045309965481110981617696456977856845295663146310544856961560395701
5828350063875380289041787243953420472517640405923728557572182762701021146981223831971084235740009591348792854248246191617472390
8142911427486019533916938360973756294199899650632305767565787069658787674361642673323286198646595884519076147156672045347769575
6919034458315451231488534732525157456948587079445950850088410378838535977516348080551775162637211781455681436512037018188409356
4896222628077283599302550538329307529265839416312577475209070966536398530653252477467412899117369638571925172776374288534229909
2854126939661606237890723618332733028245947026454912620083338662672080884075389624244778233027185136679702658181696482687520771
5486768970237811447646114465006645965128132304833174901323446834886512598955526763233636026886751282286763353050412483339880879
9146149867375327619762240148102487012789152939324347118132416925423213349620444217738724989375651879154078406666532230695010261
6432289704281535683765846177747137478857199113830933135896448323481180075359182281747819927805855289891296771338965010648932514
3498778884149977137993362603088225708342761654666600988476000304267323094698652989046529561743798096047380169014973930605911712
1555513950736376520645091335370846495268353191373549111643901821633347913274787967705297774512956543219272395543943905097818713
9824515005207942672277682844175672734608049189360837751069564229080983682875340351162730595292836110710458156809584248318311829
8644392801319979903321539224060850887494189887888933968978507838319574610389051812420770840579282228222004146980291262806411960
7170669714045362254284955377287230002812263383500586848752066007279901210618595185664394253569437180949208007446172620486446640
1197418824383226696240145317846075038217263309407432715400718235690780656588433075117078422196797078588171900080472556706089444
6058081175983404316870378185108517992309376387807189465675421456144616633676191879370638648087281836756096354696164358804958793
7175300097350528879964995120589418404250514397730435804307880003642423238815219743208925752113332762492815676234753855313749687
2216821005143022212418811965038884804162533171952178272981773050431225972337066809470007006624527746167477143326209744916009321
2874879795494394023670916234680048368860577149936343642623399857065876920729230526286990908222249218870734087284012928821855198
4892669237695278094261059350844729450055740052868656916863083244548039117228735586420221099748057054754127348342899320517500476
4913533064284953905878883623486045020791418669162484614426142342087782118817607434327885376004285685360966673400518425200903095
5236853047264130432207807874987854720636307899392809936830966680235406253508899133299685304059306299982669510153104336419138281
2635729217127660380760950574877790788724558832203965184259818062945607402185371541729168619518031385767332811305256686570812707
2508693777459660048221434065348386546516873503781056818039736884680690592725066422073878336659156014383855199604525567079024098
2527847075125720859307217125972603526269724367871881994978039745425984811500976939283305909268477371136914408464862183620857832
0690848798245605847434249059051242459537031098176625887386313497201621005955291382938621297556760277294613833001841927601417783
7028637829951952641999762601338035213911204478792655772152455046625599760300329777350980475951284319951538433620056110253564781
6305383937871208842219397097772665248616270756493102017303010524320362272253687689906320569651514870191751716750048983549016387
2503753802832702119325330648883246982515086513140942076923304514033686102637700160768687271319427097046984664384031053585769263
8859227992404387206024381418823288245956367455432601449940099288001162654396819305512052575309088805570615034227083337938687529
4650804026596773751781171691707686499798853858855531297662807643678150070418762900082986264876734988853277036828880591174772676
9388499761915323706082278918760363181675840316081077581226482199990184463308418161663917171550066696858396843063924348798640785
1339519437101345180144205804260788988338143185013195486237509665528555982435461459049630103016492555659996037806521222234571639
4775406178328515482958996000719481194780201067828314313954411507309766697327602402398592936844052573242705274081653994583193860
3528381321380368083594961454997422094241837847317957074543832643804670074418168234251527826193469648447514505161752970468032251
5644398364843284455563221983222109730803753471463129763873997470655511240512635865533704491564823907699160432034740568090163512
2019394829622861074339274739867648100223183661088275367604560854273519173101761322314118755022999112270121442893766921444175618
1024961245677370458394203192048216519899540056189972652416007572725591801341729111029393594712226889998156435621046992279746041
0271013842729391960551828591764938026380238772791709945105208575380084459912538928688891874547881085895537996185248760341022722
6443644163751965239785936903668129878996022934136734635016147841655906985263150160687560568016130320940069489352717984945617017
3980979401244807308375088961101007696165282732048547089807678715095196311609438432458589671418362252711116197050123998645160718
5029882228039159089170628100687054725011048437854579104323727026278151658455314659996721845525056734089399419451901797673293081
6285409273407838783004808714400055644398911907669583936293776767386307697838130877184976183405711337976463042849151509723365986
3789116449777854153143327216807443418065067164460291516731014023725079965308205893342647719238044202553135045734641879985943779
8298817649314977181973643591691453651364965447794449764965615478663842601481733390271221156996231579991946480360911957202482419
9923477919534528913583979154285960230181626227828624997322864558028580882337999440750509388244247586570466385544276236851986673
6266991152224272268084343794242067444247144028060688211987908624847699372423422643841707689624467016900013832905272766427426840
1355067343839251713050029297274635544953158759007585898844352763675665452680269506694090597773786276467200134181329183129591894
1203185079814519449730972616794089846681228932967991544425024262788862162483806670387321965112895932667954720701857303315356633
3010223406691406448732071777784917670640450961064883921707223591238303897553076936064137492313930301276184114003498965768546700
5055662053584872171686392213754554115803665951484341184481678793730256377197108916198950525496472627926989148952673813222574403
9135301836957832126464142557708338619444651703425091454666943559384577035607172295502116858050756179608799326777436914985064677
7849895476822416074994849352092796372963487124157171056152173017480389097568380804863683908585558640345480249639539155208814003
9261731284405809837137712563712141454654064296465941789875748814378776568326711784539691121352690345339673695586510989770974288
9504548640513288992288616894826847158596027709105403654435535528958145029279713253496007210603612311147571118952157286120765811
3172019293671644099810154685400878900781863310226630973663196219151877477083273521217193649999031944551410361083160211498456657
4584835039206895266033291139088493090671186991332152100943013968139485825629047583367832339953098893263224674847060194281239454
0086703131238762939716791409510475698044261061184491246815071586146930458568320808697308895974335329174951890370629879266697586
4531479959438670471013925537723663881523195629756820131576957595320119441034946472734403049979337927590688920672812290238838992
4555784600301091463114748695085394421438230893318590726172334093673394223159678897396878630225087240466235943323892469006400425
3181295825258212728965331361945064921751996326740368121061708410146864334211196041567878993280564094949434554682791503673171658
0842856419453623298809261289857239402872945556557159985688775020115214582384781860334689651493902766220136835999359515682473907
9925790212755349035787540271290598847673187935010889467948737594198142964082798741209190025028872359505393133888993203341623719
6881035084279659821037463368291359288972809796102439700962259394869871767171237148065599497261891353342041591198086826562479936
3071229176011336182119446125694433597177517266017496957596892485297788477134388949109492032269677674633006492819820954408939636
2158505696670981583492100994722239785061126885782859457540392078035784726890160616966602169759722004423370966068470851220475055
1608442432121043588281125489656099832629914426535320512741673998725277196703980523715247319219104260826637474643734228192860916
4370675331345005605018147797477139808981239675873728794694700612511771169428567641131258023552337644203474230406734637422278712
0072859216860622480346667080043679784914202926542586524758456470894276035984569755855670540260788837234221463158700441389231519
5908942320852274627106540557811105888610228644494103402263750822407154871367868699882023311506835501899157241704189414346964284
1936077419723541310264634055462791796583876957815065743467706393867078774982042343936087382789908364464848533080889495741496533
7254584486083999860932338903788745031776193198150907253247533783144266741445178920158676792459480942978555519260352341102863868
2324388659990555102109355727630603564463003730580206681960957998377155433799099008210231393030776738444219722412702108302468947
9926613338642730749665937063588945780266089547872794933113744630542358661411190558266352099886620858549171525338223571617167711
8986318093141580580876428982707764579287478469073583981696234648037808185140269756651566921560785874161230201920488349770275568
1902800771331526181562098287158829944843731017880219524960324079005886150803168559590390474829249427791824941894802034999528722
3088584384403360990907891602519470935005839028378253171884990772710302832296914348751708792698002306050160936562533914379396209
1408310312115069530150233048818331378284637723150482392301602795737916335332815872089409379843010863320155338585218615794879180
9677693345069319403701934383954872660888681515065440356051840106884171038792426226463129841417745680354406721408968771559961954
4557539513449236642758101806291205473048350296831633561735117237579593752211878576489139742035316348287283326781007355249045447
0883189604094854361797387824593448971971447378881204753543909216846733915206018358578418844775503490330084862478510316277108659
4392550432502243314906975265564518025479113098902169136391369512817565837562370156090165943691065253900876426946219189578736203
8435865573452195078786548417341611434423772217538030617156223901185493595765324312422048299670372764076523094427788078350076588
8758192779916285126332006796232045283091922027709795938540004604312898200544114013208612412744965934919541932903174519980041254
1905758872835083202758499042134848212716811095613617523820839042848090697442064092232729193928479222578050789364469898951584433
2042272602260087723772848808702134767220173723358646135775389214656797340171301999623954978758165595263461874252751080813852370
6274949154731112794816216220066048303875986872572001517499070940234617966182507743418989487331756345308613913050407521686762445
6252730979488500452149052167583298496816203113490366754560247487872848255355376484138619549701240217905711665471993273764649239
2281622687072260169420599936083131206454896277499378500769391609676460024680767553958496006032193910593446808391535507538458599
2191010913898494379461759294973512837440625801801770581499807998348601134363013493664904191350527640096566620000395093356134597
1660938804470213933500623938584649317535645503810385086838104030744441292813013981381095457570526776722828297499568794267530527
0049591878181449823254506571309609592366697654558586847111232650386057621118329999460228856081046031697258812551653592183584022
6258688415014551491572224840400910043380364244249549379338382107530054462860121947719561782286604468083436850199239844591653106
2286199429292183729722721966817924988059655688863458946473056847154314312282407066615331874808857982581754086039286737461422747
9602373046472185399409121350660074121130363291629972502459350277036971026440212505022927430609191673069989761094096992091670991
7527879946650183351260678785085159093046180958175365176059942440628342275638429735328061936632746613485734744234236065653841137
0853905941635849403951594887838110573652181835969202362039487221504242797299698627659839204874816529447544114385531980406666739
8062623009337523311886378539061039298966733017052114071143987228104904834551295397466673191503750551657795489921304516776700376
9007862096833941572335165844081198462047136819292917564132567522715598859947138927117299956642745110763969251319858190814717852
8138958664951405431541453825461330550794221363483549976099721937150607149588852431715285804748382531904426919820630714135461983
2082397885435139903190314072146037819079478576247984221600827812796545457214101194496220097049368103574832514769701472385466387
6896832416290927778053721602166743175733725992261187904101998561355457754417056692268681305083190893002118259512241765998122185
2636968504609327449982531058224266443456972154252698660084884189652857349507395676672582020179531698016039374573532855093674020
1136026577034357822803043248989730467073666295507784903395493121839773911132783532427651934810756742564183961335402101819870313
4917099632663820977131969667158301701831087873930909603855469814730542409624643679930249460380846245995843352815176947927777445
7319944731827475004706218777611396753968431393783636860295774463198452128755272715443101250558014321901313052738593050746571261
1707391395815003284391913583753339859531852184651610466904418403752429242924142601415582143805388089376849781779454300111958363
9869108151029888337540428241180238714963181644033868424652184814249832670934245802862990793758097055499023243559198701686575666
0187337650771748598070996214382876748717075026419386245187486192182726086987036097255846930650043060886509574171932845313409481
6310275245723435456702127325230222604362757109683102954203602714184216564293906952316506569915992137104170152492029578927512300
2305363922251604346990506838961419388192179030700159072409204210540634525740072656419492493606787180195424067534096459265589672
9014680664163948601215499948895470475969838465633327315676059364457476028555130517706511356929094761498786703750352514595140558
9277484889618105650227338993928615130344847104186489285414725102606461111639517477747291575877009412511989063198428666104065406
5967555124952181729420151522869271680843682059283488086279627160865021360567069797183031645357984651583784813809428355166017913
3607122306789653495447270140672966362274565501229973599229667563911606772081598572491953192767189192005766778789005815828610262
2082222249317420567583150769393704141643717042001944511315146960110297197944325284159980684280693676403148609684883994123930097
8731372124960991940185405379357412214932260280623846110357067671501251533776628907031655983387403452673941318358548346602760124
1976021347697640428375581819297827333264016242688348297392388997119461967525771833238891591593742490277240125530759579876491077
6072466888350935400785328899402008544459154165636826625026958037650740601926412225205263947146298128779293383020953022202454362
8044034560774166401511114766914479073842481064943729623980836043134237110449322364783254518711575480004977127696613076710220521
0564017571074921724777748862479718313010297525498781712387929033234996773668361156592993020275412793744070740135811199115493778
8419964042103133610587792208097044601548949029168486670192222439144702607241592021192461521821947279760550828661220709620486303
1088814982734131440185884327578226836944316287501836068430921447613687229952034388566585290882851495307655765844223170274340586
9005799435401477659962899657617685769970912656575731463413483835844226203192655446200112583102919467583122082891247399200176783
1851901588702515045318382295536798092875597244431065042731697266394552848998020859370638943554279437980607960337319274852691748
4157648096188098267490705839256314766006302678665206847589272557754575914579199683296869793220703658904894112352768597742132369
8723572441033421822131850984144065793127526826673880856427241209325971643349588168485181604003549286943794523645867631822180512
9961788999122788832400015923298335447164102572685865228181427272076170219015236471640964326542574283167180040163937092128142732
4937228274511747775697611764578391450794749466871545726021901964860582325608076362650424934625277209649989981489750831225970741
5984541310271980053712817247539372152339967892775462123252335196274653874061592183413734875908267266920758029830479031847869228
3871371830143074933411065987051697909188835376373962685096571028998970101211924718499411402849248202339306457377199877126871389
0586547099952007576979285722825771295071780721616176263387445055392095793671230602073249233658371312728279604207471382798903479
8923577166944872998618492077791653391106848257807366227129544881151900203904339062941439729248722161475876280041042987870134297
6237224656556330445619379055992474217471454724969182529987949872722998015945413515067495314489889032179791415649686011073157477
3003735334796840694489912665109880649358659073702150516968523096869480344821929684468744926264579118587187974938771984262183130
9005753590334142936036827167253181517255166676962390793299722321456204920350620126047032582007457817410580787154332130609567063
6768747081081207028623866855036005032042045118427663709885224327750939144410815093506371403873404919815687844934325487062884410
9939375834444884922802271908890569123942112471025359287053666892829043053920922878243233005965596366467035614279935114942794959
4228677728256796231027207112191813165638914358249269082781564785198933238543379292199026489661901488181239514397059686005148486
9858539705692720243176916548886314393535919032096542151105543882501065636878211469917818253828853172821658378951042353768012326
4422150194025015880156761058170304509425792379790006321176948407538912546088068547813798000277530779888405928477531694464231990
9405650213736879289008838391184069127301195712710013925801226563743554996233482554161918019454022970208565224871459380574639835
9130794172100568378934252595907690555743933712658951585006391044055921485334952756122241280828770097902109351842319381201019204
5387985013440379266230518099534711152536460959269911655397255034626367231069408969413762813968064236154692333107664286960252886
0837118680763800551465069959598175835527467398611671504215567143391659195926190188250898459493898805547983688580472819756799921
3903220661160023222988830014776994424185300024466935537043911148899196047568212527843430862631973366330579525805431481011727438
6908486037368642919233388174527626955887348839535505480142124695672332446751550909649591921180619995217291566458925431968029596
5922782959375057616516378703156580986104482212435661177276107010237081047649806919032851751263569965116169589560831643100864715
9530369870366296156375956282332841862206458152569867266578623568655520592049072587837930649946891321926334502571392866551701600
2244120737959672078726164762991283327806243441107419508409939471693616693409630730506528517088302223393878360169050233927904848
1173648771365582895309968552846929556758030253414605906336548466169612035971381029462786542081116525705113252983939162686385109
3234155840835288921699357747660762996672264982174457829675917923339715647526557875639742064383339589189545825487931401530995501
6887665436803180794927923177816956708553785264323074693008344374916559316617894764427215802134641031792988573701240438184249750
3839539179042881405914564139952865952209303008409731497507386952470654995467985010268759732897359668659271914262252626200604099
3901076984640950131960333781644223983532267536121313347358475229440208418673453842347657506344090138736051557656821297434982077
1623302641135870181311409682200177224901019997404700215147219379739297672524540935209651730504196225871915072497095486880839456
8525315354478812852093356397223120386907828133392270722811606375757983394361481913342296750609970915686272616757634461450159831
1758237483830901977324883248068822612744747099358422855339260889327800667524049577373525949059825015390160043063670312221072626
0817646239152869131112173902854770980862701701464607169211772950069653293230684510278012053087035337608494974396015461535406222
8646346589715796030816122730522353992998487085588488148264344066530587174128544229529685414458831257128748560990578804587360715
4892783957104711928531643465336739867007712821809759300577073458900066680389265377353301997705565938884080611069388312576416304
2814927389151100129042633757615682635990656949553591616128856450443418496471442467646240189440950521511107482659253501599167684
6135116334119022986012296077975055833220297155080260438551907096128989879928867449175546615606752828933549694825257606317586967
7016532424149169529714586507287588315821039767281860867212525388739062009398857291177966375322314074508942295009826535646980545
1130704846522761465358987904002837038112315864342341500267273512280490182439691698104185495677754466174462509539951393350430049
6239545452060864474289817540605900770875649791603624701849860428246844860967392240963173839859434643202570338001444647069601535
2892256768296868079082781775690843873409200886346998104928582896183217369070621962623861890767458984640863725872163427837396161
1015987233236680540127175130575507867333440719260832000405122222181144252353002520085749044160442813319007733231316952017735844
9207122991749764391450668652103974356514593013095625877412964336676292277200308352297929615022995501002585354045748416214004090
5010570807508645991981283973843421015013551379801238469792061968346208698033924105198332080219826873915414042770997813678587105
7079764317445013461353198084076807018884451655619023138435629015461147032511308684817994462582990789356614515379970417351047112
9725881506883451817378068264565401988152381111185798791532824098438029254469346518084626414715068349480830207550031462251028658
1504691090829009028694497048664643697386279163491642380984787314683252474807267403308118309227599112336474348292331546087385709
8374045238326514850352601439525770150385106432876360117179641265901618172845807500617241643296725102357385086749024223414320695
8751924711372854963768655608131773099674117966941670496696797649406607434691461307943445287152706412809962107879642575743136123
0303974873561466480968743445273196900705427451656962370162651211903195479518829395352847623644931113876694882674530035776397562
7062275706646629882491960277069009716984996924439240397590784333436313250958554553224460478301293892351431447612983420608299779
4021998564670601304459878729468539224393130081394097452696802435298562203672631426231047502881058781296871522825905804208338252
6603870763394362689777694406864771464497251023441752146535341971346977029094361489321326128197028616266687437237475295317363781
9156020188117437220553660891624641158468448699614504995148457693527457205903178159270764484168386506020072977552224361333700137
6800793585132251294965485406539737210356860431874461572263005112556102550605119443415354337340356018964066943951864924412299915
9176918467253843792621229869758475550809947953676328982327607776920014653501974832672677357939313552991103607402118582223524673
9686597280549256712036750220654564584483912204263497709158167656617008449221355316543489486938189978195357412962551710086697028
0388429487175354035020158054103632924527177834523214082900849111108930893956355794346651605160826522047668675831813135358949190
4345101694469873179969332042811556018423606297108948984557961826035019597070396285751114257989897953296299318364378614357933290
4949793892609892089229851776026934561460317731511255552266868980253783700717106802153694611663582999276204920297363252094371934
3674663375108601609896202396621130718019413744942494222052103933540452779973933501106619925311069127219850907767043719608829470
2702622493254040904859153876396184987380395898007693621320399251663876437827374821903867019473977298529862021085159803043642262
7628804430192406674682789691745692230306369379190920544277057351743344722619473702262372514469670378356778783948762245486971339
0209360041654178829792127599208780855624409037374530019447406585398770659754872987726192651460619482209256452092276066423476738
4709783672042319775995641852494077105915433063897114034300326610462577068371066683331006070063551265931785531029670403665686700
4587667003896460717120912220270889981167563292172474600789871114756272885374551741764032376074283701965139574996577462686971467
3848976224442081690472022609003207496720929495444016043645809920259850317579964113261377231461428538754038582648249855596427337
6172335672098748490848298205075949543310509985651798361629655073050078700179132155025462638010290501496311312192593367695422649
5726384573393389957861087954363684393648224844030047057212547523809090733733447320925926719918185564312722906061784825834541657
4665490918503684461998203394016725914244105391374685986007968106627529172068516391306150797382538751326421691707344779240051404
2641961236056444783029513171308212582932163735856854734301365261361011265730957017358847540597925397759304056715637265630175924
3143119314616534179607705689766936638499515116711864605104806787742064610741185862931157231900890917045797092416341390041404007
3447931172643093407899075956016941324761309449689246711224867235309324518097331543836073039264012951510199018054862544697302228
1563566785164424421738528286186718541346261171578886688118979569809183215506908080307606078120020216388497864724764057557754295
8570889786931244194585660557574434060147391448332058484468219132867607862446662006468299620134301595151046310252336800694251427
0217713452224504960721091364387786965013258053103569599886166960333008816549340813042469646283329089138949995982273574974215868
5241363057936964400802812697301682184281492778601196784957952838829973528993067785327299171845639921011068758599950934223980914
3238619506166339720940794008445086813283016112070588367871958447351766426343723002443074101469688320695818179265745434758910694
6296789680362763149161376071869217199662771928863547592423030630832336241218625794010606091635986342053359908043568336874619758
5796450483018638379674081988788071939094611782491186354599577562913830254367966241420426194905385522339051453836242132016154075
7739106134294761084702741107955615651072406250165155261201936784282832131480551569227393410480076418655073059966098939360374229
2971567365547701845803783070635993312664824380381023912535236337973918393748125160984639017693662692774791712740599492208482304
2270720904622266004044552929046382853488397030569658054130832432158967100326401536494483965188041727224259066348964879067583812
3443273270836744114169351145812281297836105568675664537098362750380900035541986757124762712416133474277811013584828903165701857
5742987445704693742780012691654778768416076035850059897986267208927114643299349752186944079949266040605774961616317552910045136
1240573283641630694358812830029096031820509750547875205950719721469746524236951030334909216603563649107173637973757255912252238
1182181309135378156725140117731218230316055150298076621940456444204177883491865113883523054776801063888819486505485385264913416
5069068146388574137237425212952037225400371744975152454660711335647864580574001943714998326035983681508282903233341771279568745
8467943310622656536228892538026964919357667642832630682651110048817452858559725652837991052187308635773654812551494387013316194
6440134083862480163392226300450457593962112666903507568451147153007397865298280740371802995538252604177619078977124651051346524
0537206772933648445348418297957633068071300723364120286017796847418742109018037795201017609886014503958468715621463005263787770
3432430202920291906940764640954727327787760258258401409130943189103009317398784374181000619017547537895364515789076658241461815
5914935373373404632064261928025631881068410722283620043865276873695737002786518062855969064577740316535280772509182462064465423
4663807875203623784262624547123565729447932492414543360035449489544264792983057557527120665531457725601958452570287012086637115
0847474551270439717567791117916716520890209772268515126243374020404961236068669964591032312120458856151122774707229179093256702
2728583785414355071386563956562688209782901746373262288816864290881579324219562028197868974414398025024344306680144426091625030
0910829767068265611067617086376443471268114912189289789288578161296371552096260414590275441364898692653660772972831143055685254
6907552020126899986435407709381912657932246467804972165765350364308400598137400904853881086873855469475626923756560878726730206
9692227748520363042215131444256441345425607520902904049752565589636006403442938604002826527897011684910364030121356648587505405
4764025506989776287250936345001157192241256998927684892678268726606209680040843191546472014984020704327316352200558172668843000
0564503985848436331698791790813182963520559967441699554268886929254925633860614440306175833628563304317763920599751129071094309
0175566287557279025857970584297243285600759435104151831150200001725607992873593941524916608511725999483859291253760003734973775
3039168535120967789573627753936889933310390638519872912077737282540474993630496322839461848810678646381314301370434612679202453
5290955424609618789728513231303753525180260090737043547498273247450093929519045624882089783253628274100484171694237532423254859
8186844862044986653314802892230697717326617551815053423012041608272398516591496440428962043914698069230013270892802838135287280
2942112717174269473287862314996229628874313075502005461595688743732840097634991389852224318945641142059923309434297254976695326
2444525231843962298275031069381314438305678331941237253189959661616931936428403908777740475422459580996785256969423138340880864
3680179310627154010609137293613898326769365871171324366981855057912989303388559760676270131578093527806064422528032847530674921
9355461118722504639190973677696806900807813249020915988601326357024391608006515894656601520223498473406143763133984605551760635
2692839783034034225135191314183486878688437669767719161941937422862653760924569831725084821460846216076710658987697058689127356
3364076178555288032798058397361297765867389733546080821420688209714329880465424718281983378741966307965647446727248970877582835
5097154920011309551648620026419749934729546113147672841385317729841476832905993191729886098778334663461209723905553676387326787
7544038203057755483948118938898802083672133837458011190981229303171157034238018580240354203030584798053880317332961525265980136
1511152526450600575245224610801100379737911240153008627074626764499468695975779959724757934622234502314480579416277867481722879
9208761275469748679977983637248710137550354113725122267268928582906191386758550109656015747293931779066403562806751200098816649
2774371960428126935364571996703554555526862912399267217503390978028481995519553561409174881144281743002477593997449474113614320
3283118387697337618913008345214573134792212133551845640272542182183565756097005950085429574121104212579366752791246087630740431
2251626647794796903046417171601708089033102353726791435541243544024082843362831636356376144988414260766152555993385246920667885
4120430579803988192186052185336786436260523534744839109920724061087523726726856003315563861271636470368332064799342319979701963
1178460847308168095740461067148790390275190816124283621727277092177096823111400887004927669450338704196432823728793780107282726
6147466566392578561700534815888328209861843963585876273190658740165656380640111544922854734365367040797352367883442096872576161
0655254149992445465845820920429897376775083347655359252308973271695549200271712623988532809944592500421544522541040542744651771
8895306524774577797925949127567789976094837338117657136712633080384090456221881872243825996086082147423517476054977573177854050
4943011385246149882784947556915542478920754812582717541224558316858308474902436139789610336015128572291595765038163819815572793
0059519490142292292642467486355644357871443222407272677363258010549846343690410511589487255437861629574221414317395258487976995
6701428890977392343133134256358135045673673123158832116303929634062094950503008501398110339118434776130231986975400156621462276
4809112204042804726404274446015570840535663272343219408139885535879522105193162064034829419212674983141334515042809663864776730
3339872236842534294842100648778519220364381792736266281427277880995347117460315427394400908444602067720779504370559025897150525
0666515892628240976196163023835072227181720931267205367481763695114784962335391370607825220441784558120081030826294430035145825
5990171621923618467399400881105334235398291318764791324436841208478784739274728174080402657482105706012062680090302017358495564
5800215155555227538662802534678916888507797284554941341847639680300462071370712985768701847640442454877861723356457893345549450
0044372835991682943791367236860846326267985956993372513320157207230356385776345982286545530591945027191940491720657627496371424
3896431871159669144163572836324937737933585239956934241358540063356296466656555165061326841756648545874963895216091891197215432
1150436121846416639357239779525130732656046114770001886098939931426129354428928259723637803567803101198938817466591948073654097
3680333838160206864509221215320873122528703603282455751545397796927467717336094169326962640299653768153008615924472102530867643
6770050643269265320774249712789524649226429216132578192388680218997460246361157967129125548877818859824163987287642561738796200
5254046150685030619784205850259746232647288005274167276588953501245671262327906633892459399349248665683674586756619925085832749
8138659441098017401153449742392984232024716079021347321627336986000612605589176674195767657558188526805373912850372987580206973
8191739475819996816485468724355025309335206345790673864079265551398839303546015301031614690697079405116794058344817857751170058
5907733664187032783992586304169841870946162957846844623230375351751398150941213221188521406317499729525031329275753209552972135
9176007624492506072188440485436086995355405038611315169617103420795642254487038087275622057368505174049950711687063028236514019
2054382102455304130470152360854926810408620809647732343016107388521668970316223874173994646760209951211428665814705542349614124
6010507266966547829863386841978029050310064720150129583679215294838434102788460967870976228374996605588773396271433676057289822
7051841412308687295953020826737760628903413518500966433370038504670238126933304749517485860557144247313921158680957030845329616
2360033770199629503223807832521648961131842719239878810835014788911969787608442436353630358920568228223028658040834409931217202
8400997693934004696590555410764211165674028575041130093079293183383749718414250933932351869983505392135593326730456694681893830
9601966479081797142729057700273038016579775812303462568369987589932810195102540708796028133906200420900692102185183676170434137
3162497370959471401670744764602103343725945241209609871641803759642428128312023652491828868062451307296471228615569464816843941
8764436487815154921343571706294950245330020417561336192910050884197950522678946771691143370350696790098631293864395203215663546
2103973531056753606278933160819590888661208989653023859755262642075600795082475977389553769715231157147229187302967554388198370
5511263147464601148510010944839861149087736327442223343582633059022202904665113422199247896714934045390179111585670544907398745
6503691628140930095878935309503466424485388886339832328600458315631288162890181616057639363435222140281269282576385033650710680
8454254370393439429040009560609022779619788056284224520991161927353411842168395626223590494290282053470410540843450407987926472
1336825679355920509182270187363852809609898538144457557442453481966013998014732868105005901821373796606751500831791325616529203
5075118330341336536977717509239821947081842843667207368538939749602952519028901304254002381236022047524790390418089280097834547
7087002693940685994858725839374363930880942852293359924965925052590869503751762743229260822706873201650092697209849276502693145
7306083000612674447155484200177291509744727003567573915026132438684216504412932709214471251820240604475149792423248249870477794
1828750345492089414352178700274996717656637631789061874232476374372589026121784200003799632748786969419729627555600483655428983
1419038605582900945308948756881180557106644399148478031842482768934058982366460243721966998715761966320233275607842960609086807
8995674775072395937621113944922442969450956475559169579744736615353848691595206952225921509080923588771792361528472949801095259
8071164393093218807836177998870397618178243287174730595843254576188688725044187468313573761652235487642008727514328298453902298
0249472421551084408818726321837167660068433212182140863918498142778473568559604363644028430498972834010437189971676814372359835
6326215711122626023900879284642848379045342532983675870120785391214889560676166670449442675798343547201651587376372310330260972
7721128349367234491190961548434288775058240627555576639847795303346657927088312538298685663289068965153779510427872075661840307
6404054826004851129562529146035965093659305313594131922007840749997852785915480413483418179403471734301385082608331943522033365
9733723661694274986939415998932370600151791965983225598026282848806043753357041009447678948117256393500635321688798336983220809
3023589135170563869561312040343087996767334919517638058142422305672311345678035221436322642357974773060658747505711133889241231
1715152441111565992971519735514891973779991073609482568950260394204089469526267416519043590653468197703445241031998318436540928
2571161687670398639649025206286059219618343667065497532146361041751088315806996390315937024865023472982359206847895714744923905
5104856285757044366877940768642231044057490201353054349716001939164041109356173546969025877651803874584635636362767779008126317
3656921864783698643075571406752016536758441120671704957195627803118074461526120679475816346733176098378409722349965248254591396
1131443502066788861338718815939549028179403039813213172777877033453234020243883715396074872970863142546452822669185069959899184
3828769910844736669658151259692028871696603091005326667495981150974845310134146991259645265882236097619326183020932698293809389
4299190605742357746915386971343055529972124390299804481008342198376182446383261925929177219506772125075974364335839610948010146
1147666764087177430198110110312435274731031579695008275499991697667495238558041459480531076474591001063866865437151222907417625
3118583599222787818632900781019308738830040805599161996484071877144944130661026998282751748208682924005109173737574254051272267
7248376535827628635806240316333585049198937287552863170331727642858039762809709721675292461634836370227092107000659180675306750
5306506627623780068062337884640840561088552876565604494700675337745509144650468822636638698294453362040534422173031206225551013
4252579308534696009946359817557643262143167696605231236359117810698816646524895198187607892477097108960784373761400944824549798
6045449932335488814802338206074710052382801251742328755176048705595171441928353779134497634248965450262069632636038949744898591
5048702418591439721957110373280102402968469372594873031440576890966279374555142674908990757259647232567240212811527932452059539
6445116473158402926922663638150560761537491240522157144544441504700466911488897981059188305240921784775901100861995605851341634
6426302952753103378949324692632848243080208624864503932730319385221633332864218296337728836033257029589381148577572779689079838
8323351033213327371073881110283228611521471023685177945561596153462821296338506612181495253533007296541471850977144060198153791
8612240193336900124220751825865213792796718254928148410457543169565765686381156512821242185857562689521331372459681870446271120
2190046770619246800670427384048126037985607253433475697587520496744179478706647309818755439429545326720329201172200607765064227
3736184856673482672738889087427014657874110745468152414492168023597661163943017362999706603380493625843592458433287608755926735
4182865681401614720438201427164757077032257161772988732629306857669039790289782177374506368443513627759379215518499475202046737
0697566863573366009839193988358046426820897141853585923998497091914817356341676241151406963597520055377063092845547594101697448
9770510287164808256026738019695567751276805483623280478598925336381177794945569958800804342768914035606587017994256909693642474
7259755154611086941695255874435534803016372667978524879504844920733928636400671846029963027849546724083520281554956394251995619
1834558695670914755649864898844629047200426021450454765139131674876570357846943407935142270035129746721137853801869970041785717
1163596604514706992103337640896730977362836499853948987124318776421720842943109071494096297915872890046802390417171851693498985
6696873506860390067654571204036998680608912603658516851469732917336706912396900863519518863153116679969409193499475151912748965
5772630153097284117632752487886616553301227224710840592032831301443809681968538716385350119500103381352429438906070006049324510
7255320449590155185339594353774382542901912346562333365165993746566717810379624006716063017965110258762932735063223456498216112
6248309487192090873881009634314790029246770378814629258114526635202683322798948006269443152846896870196478753064865917440440787
1079237303256511529274839846470858035223497145513826461412560940325017754834231423361883666751693338383865225187216612119160015
4861549012935871901840283860561328549067295489644918336638431557892707608901138017599623121810750153111482390969696067122547247
2439131148441383234199376711842415663942174805857098114579871600691759196917341291603802573327405138562282722593414751206457843
1973359935209045256671529911507316084304214657632392500349841226204006608244837820483129185333807659672251730206136609040933140
8184943256874541309753395121370721662620513066937352652876771594490437810449353276322830929392380590748672786848276069239565457
3348707026381104836690412750227080237859968000391150025633563394577801401905026748085615086352851413067595432050498561008571529
1877075667972855586652155165911443897166143801340467259805712033287524340520335275436517702758812944056177253493418193171478211
3774854369590560985587771159245595691913575127970445498501177157738494672527414527162836050852813684096791146417973149365483037
6704552131555310027219368793280881514598163193897955852905718685913917573430057096937340959824715120372466589909944315684960960
1012314375846207604646749185426484171598374093369935297204972798525329648052886568477644707532784462941904877487489747098535818
7985674284714583813663198777955800874049562438949351977791559431711873042288148908962573859023348239888106006645129281470473018
9254850687404139400561382825175974131012329412859199274634520950110017567085977669352012785318630525841745235957179742713982397
5097303689162257167085390435448404263178199429357071875772715774544733708487138600770119134943129539543347602041901144161660698
6953181183113203630678272715731094392489433607360104735402092320971396494926265205286840279679199637087859730680473846380532205
7565033230336604389926974822292700950491849340699150720775179860790531037997637976970549940150909535407513425455328335706561853
5335368312471755733760541805372968424193070274491865313428788002453279122401760512494622819480016105587606929438634932015824839
5559016338160351661853688320039654018084969722536423822579994200012801736919709694310831609907486201946501673508356764142877308
7309191546539260723637253628477957548575327772499530308454034050815650925443083418507106015799454347735223841084017225944595226
4885590707691548323545253419048477650698836445425272829459034786263150039138385336170173040262385017882023012446601786508537725
3159300795992899648874466508404624507417341674483549750138299511054547355595935184376005929821246479521411349307469101710751249
2708412392547375974662585574062716099744667256888486220537125770970468132844596575936704205294434437646542619212125911160088350
7671842861670510559275736664436986661209239228900436842961873275642777838933287515196746049787877411927981310119576400549956135
8080578380146388148902757671260230173280743467984486835312292349158474503715607238743382799824745964056080082925917323860644616
2120225379169780135148292573265658608927358543522142151484031366388491618786494744941370627406622031907792989518445311039563243
6616422310981362438162790258221845503573731451992162868203601740290116853659138924079987226446597241351646843845278977024986205
3662517640661488061073964114703410205367685498808240378692251201166863090113025726146269622096930731719426952075506480919216671
4823643457908716999726557603223790753609939423361772712423018042932577115436095139459068730410826645568806300379584835433450946
7837676208477360145796134097352072195957133041368812408314333472555459775670645841696822521516557015970698046160780950308863139
5015658403765286649459660652152764801017680991103667912937430519322186712931073677796456215078436603241360959178629806771058487
9139921128024002577938454673706047243620589115000240242563021016654786832806633509254081676514023612790990852595917560180876986
9308821204883025320496874045455981233709125160954382611635568126874562312377547977111739040746530325193651004237373402504537024
1600821697316131396065115975797494969376263815891380490449703227459763844691726208596151555303610430036532384862800860173068687
1677749011530966588655330008218462556189908006964342216676682876215290543872066380630113889263010720992320394875173725292986311
6989579261987669045792589013853182107944124182584456537044269091571439065320682853599165887592383283334586801282099984394392022
9970108676029913047954776468886108937529661369633484559390003673582932372797656385704195055160295258401674267521236080828952316
3273802761420937902459164150004835781371893878839475301617292925707508874975102558388990001315786419341804043737604037226331752
6423865093791333509337877707981916567162340796885934470115945789596479789320653277617641131277451340371426117129794514423620761
7417609321834214164793102707841568625675868448913528641242723253295495191476269874558175687931888576975179732585669568870748778
5922089337143793314961512325922930026645734559888635155138481555659443901618808201784727019382947895019140665125084159195324704
2832300412363246058905063308416630201890917641050411420603351067801736891124820850891397186056454796477918095532199343583413766
3842538349880871712437577001398701888177344881522702272474861972439339253087204797211344636084653095826769076765966355059432859
9877839498202302366738674681533509411775934456542381162185787945980551914209016996885507489310451917077029188324180322160260432
2738878897545393488539641042595991720479279596803533846602159358145022104838297930283221202267258855473584700375502341592186375
9062102173051107870783580788794675784912283028909776152369743147402812551267763802726764393893702046520930303504745751378996798
1890158543698671287785156969862722836025364759849336645190863408137034806850238192071351320453303572785270717307117565718365448
7734822410504169526033583218346170435610106103279145679136488844339942839493180608845290017442034674025577300763459944350044123
6105040904995754702216898271414142776115817083443246834852579568391309141621714380298793479424942862844759389997283360409266478
8207744090633188685115276563756960203356370566871533095111186389044186232441179082078908516925531610020829064403059153715127765
4543411669625489070844963508370766554494552051662899693726257799474616282059274838670819153036396550543481066774790569529843561
6679799651036598201198464287278166599830430479287605906552407498711145045497296895091710143423667516678729308766311555682391918
9060618446032966067396024483927774799271013972963401931215359008050857228820472502367068320857075813753280582206475097498167537
1091834892775689353192772704190529392359261014072163618697328287354942394830079331974933337512857161868992496906607708010073398
5364177554337994653512816619520240821994073186844625407311661314696382001907220045017648487411581430791143507856735567122196867
0716761726451434192525856251744493844256079661428358229774069510316066898590543756088198375973992063361152435222465923662351366
0043075513893517349925411233398957648025096112448548886678072991181902374596438596256297098774636238148028169588473828501924259
3228516645884143195864667466124866845099402543607000135666586926382976262509368071827459582454935921975303881150829096536404067
4761157693052962556888050028734514069905365690844215214316263823173976897101122538440327270223709317772895230031391498145736860
6385041084622772519780334652630409495229736116311103527030831268982936563366735822928512879378203876837625284271193343076105495
8825229991999801614347782438381474867852878074358430022437396713162807802543161593009219312576950358519990247724194904234397934
7703801976947027234960802861233790319790676821468496141323682139060568458559647230530529267618724263639883376817372167884440632
1726382143017323548108870010820096752312836426102452450577004449101845698867822824844060001600494219691513701486376765683162295
8567344046439933818792026021934172754782928648841755910876641284145941585066904498876784179002951113808421135227067381608911653
2236981696764483162752804813037353468784452076739585261632267090804876266610444767882886160729217192498345880705115733282372008
1313046830998564657547840785183730714291004250275503590948256987454019097344722968276149211207582987088443854985798581722550023
9063006406664758572850022859344148370428972822517076773683529207252067208935050546823673576957790680951020623419459032466629849
7938928170423206022080881849589066531884975323736816185913375521669990715327020849225286810140422793741838143465182856377816749
1265756842388175742586708059491362377918488379984875832030848543287918941984050070389106581268802594158962582407355351035627049
5900221712437059899622129468224343840497771816212975521659975058333318690798732737341876177817630804815720469182652538833483463
5823081639915099173836211725045578069819187508359785075471465778986260818861591546963352470179514396250583548650281488440780418
7451048170517299540822354367273854496577812259623792325601325690996083083112151683648900535783537568629739368276233311118065909
9084734714613092289461178939653038690130944168935857129538400432419569476969252314501208058863985767404598559353985694589773895
6277214607560240011967714168838143750302367595949536752213657372427124984199709048837186130780108450270594932950252051594320147
3499572321088417920853211811454866152496225537457554175697449661675274675801653044218258736968600625898775131530277707042339508
9914225219653958408220404955503421597988800462882509224240059485399789816322467527449242209991095322026817971575335077154317985
5278081500892846628897442768350495212681297210154604830667333056587120720522354514329460517681155334733974540010110756237411297
8210591237075811936724693019310304435150990235368637778807792760313222154371335709089813727563208995319466715986861635780866968
7932415587435911762210037637958044637519791039364219987373646146500303943912999127265553435145017969397164413915816752545161718
5633226031400350789184112011648210881013020831437183038308240362781644283374155015679893305443987813011631237184023671550613020
5811978080228290171238069706605813947244025818423549831774560590994763911374360626408512454006214897383037052649605527910939842
1578662832737601740265954708879993575835470810729170613732770615041114798158887175252200232752097837948350852301754510131346245
6068409444406865116594371496646576550470605636603063539678037419994055698404550683594340710909264161990867009969259182486360989
3207255402572128867597708386762297362519921843080894171603067736003753278183424031926979188196805787920726466251458690002582913
5008569364534625206093594865389861974491057988729642501378201086357626134901180260883065306275795854872408871966970358994916566
5260870280380960692056382943423819321600456629197713258529958092905135072192290151897612011642141070383635146934909632500071674
5103943101344555719687493820066438065019249811470335254469779344109290667032018362593087359223818942995619770011635033602760781
6090182191502983738438010896590866621707943859659299906860770756177151013807688207972939771298998138528654622092955429850905653
1626336772125369872523005387925612023085181385255260458074393235131647700974860337649978590067937668268507156384372177447503498
0983088220975640726485831380650348574527016263360984693517646111104451963030529155545125362875373684368744288268392996464031787
1886577864886560438915496753180364296870396016073972814584707172757602216484353054194841318491639088652070784986581587056423963
5791295955798452846006486957884980659241458306340044696019455166134558465794056766142717707049752847050948964499027310212291201
3920118159051788842792018209898781792646763214510193250573669914454162275192491103856842226701566784572791940951044194717542411
5568425247114245514540844570366702834465456557122445652286286614869534230920871827766118797945440453053831301603663599611151007
9132285049335898106348530191639824752961756612096827245060794650887002292087021431444313048295402370831165699527783501924024187
9094264576555332744996979181892440388769625070877328456545115444598432716233979462060670021904359658071557042696819752714761359
2624335032983933790947468174067700780434730280286305837296068262033116687738482347338258135450536831314508366201724139587815922
8450751384747855334597310320588125802084226440657572189418133991724784364158225409421748567123411489197359560319327166452150553
0217315146965805878176534045386582646736519057669936823885725039838691917663928104666774688631639185290691596050519297245051431
7940957013433199012061114563562278128253591876081307949974283942244584406336676182042124767131849195077146222822951756668914757
6589005956437167623060683298552386150740712051896264556502825752701728084586373026820140301271827258402697782005508526864025995
3287288894211530920495178421618385358928209601522908652144815977173646436635300032777312309529559530424309089857544514218168330
6097483328468004536631471410495796391660358670051698715076410248502303660016161800128810231929174703618080502422800241933644130
2956392224013095847029227680428083425620941588942686433369479814315411693725173853101111802188051631515982053459377355277916857
3065681935968907368748287973480293783213808382487086015879418794067438804225330554229750223350574245985145312570124344685276455
3489772935059313564818602631010215526615299221297140830316899208960430528821219213991899112889288129943720176337014173173174332
4169981630658215328566362976636435099613640630157506404256612156966851420692144492745499377619802506248375541742742014068421649
3723697831339666759125999969874386488250045997138226100381868783065151573396084764792101954730971063666073382268822664370648202
7695739092394145422409597895972497681500338948172798211529024633083754418602669479252615594701113082363308526566375385313538692
0362024243582700927996091721261779876357892824920462321831613846936511858949877169168914710103805138231321626700946199996026230
0910370398336603134902288593437904852970471827636244578441003561376156126397047213862430430449454667576391124197185148345471598
5028346423876572027639326365391106837855425740087158529449602646500698308039624506892347711322718143846562617911464289132024496
9181010776426759091535139982513243227866023899159123168014651495554175929065144279128447458894513674919834462361991122972799428
6472902683846165829490192503189706567753176937559527683694767361120216602239730653948099377610225798683453077405631209096231256
0512986051426035486790488833906991553793296020140460296126591780195814787329857676072922129878562425136025882880600984983973989
8577540121631192413042201337007929873227061283325668352988181356692287167551269236062168964313569524237889901244379824573640154
5738145734013901847027973765976787682776812683421111101939034836663608749968365412229382487929512185391212964474327857768911300
7562207836356806317921677823535902895646261255973726228824124734902468677105214682457780953879753523764199156291556619449942205
6685144408630396033374384521831023348395708816803320958823787110609396335187767019703187308157675845831700883961350733812554544
7576609828782901349340272529157644117188745883108516505970478068227119245704450471362770646680973620118556831550370068906691429
7387998131808587529731801781598911046784196725282943998624870759033897379214694560999940160160935915403688360574784745832951209
6248576464881189569842693329569180599977760906738941622134746107827192298531798906163755685774369390363347404463590563452485459
0534570888244129725519284614466994594106901806409139995601464274045789187815608635654309801136434736637205014712781222746921224
7852721958335248170761829133326246797700730414740667697834509581576475365734827900004460335634027879413672459976734498386195835
5088370360545200433735093090688791665393907039059272593032100436084501418577206986549399579720624028466951070544585214365207165
6435187129368614449937580538296933531792687165143536181239511296901417188887649499928950174527974591005214327286330726199831884
5864261175041853165789209708620714822361777843032399821785843235985913827357647540975103877312914819841724359018056154229990484
1936832320986190570216413377747783409617074645446275675504398782817281167330026961325947267465552277788937638823143961712338389
6643014994016028760819796829700070956205113377466899907953033114796754643995517690305975245695734383895488045495784881027449542
9277149772110266765516542199009389979979428729803481968242094114554310414335680714665255584623073310801300516821617747378223514
5122582985363185134103472499467534154970594419472963412571152321765481331992341844237099548533622925469977982035402603376599366
5702039170472823969912601643296899307773750835106819267275831078282467998094066465029472821615682366477091470622470049719032042
0671010358945492991105729283517652015315441687350701252921272273957729883415005085140318681745681298665587818639399209287652478
8504952151973256765543113775190946452315557877268395630007206112950274261280515123602637574614066439170518948486082023049534264
8318785147359309244073883391968368385030412213804815219561275632927036049996919071912768810313118985299449822580618372563128123
5447965794084022881336224721150430474622954063445132529997642171980649882452452874371660709010271333178089011623650142945593513
7498570392070031176556263724838104407401975655807188803601068318852915004571680712468602581133705435004279673319305506280782318
4235251770160613000830130983063100984485301111420207302571915861863284245935054969687285090784775829404258632032504825073887582
6407248272722201582954889873840796724288126199508498948167917317499903480984445960848498060154084891463403285778107348687889003
4953941330396268815099409977237615027521463257528034758197037642240947224961515275989640733601052280398818164960445717239008728
4426630124553142687273205330644281511721380282097626819427510520776002629092574526215543555846304555626987349130475830717662512
2679622415503744585776560549326024439456730222065789254179516934309405880579097989297964155354764447981652276792153719461894070
6549452078295195952851972101892868752466073329081552637836554870868329745518970415001754631788228704301414087107528862687179382
3095714010946058367115405111675588241660359378724218257897889232511664785827286570897205547229279697287663245465265895194075831
9805465298621739062011152177896594580714703932025865262409510756369094551491315344002976208292437754134178483455044310999687172
5635853083465443752399385809613532628000929554168679920157180193163062291041706935484519604033746044464716659982230583915172977
1397085494342438160066950214161726216316797535747161972858218528442291370670389809452231490128596440810108729216233152926963393
8718938957831579949398261083744948669476176529513240710990560722588644755296402086806852345746538236347718030640062631744819555
9204989031916871283227517942830744003831314993547893753197955379403077174291901637842637655437310798500528596483721526174221178
4510621681082500438705444746385938892179962383128718253236867948364044872547102979732643922151263657382171953178711857903512864
3434625913079139632847162412927858083774910063803492872036606235419074389757800463882617655159555904544646003283714069095719127
9422478480758793975004764634088848124200701219293815383644557399151474644429876593122326476162568364525117348282565684006439054
6415412788931044743766779624337137193856769272687596658353208728053926044570228051289974744446738511898266628888688489033821326
3857187055764486798882511807937125159502970249818799519647825055901143034107396715341111836431533491237288074873324479254847609
1944275217447109672414805304798039892872048551668309961639053276921203694927946551682999672834794575568139407200344761188832584
9228691574818073805866351085919567356330517627511140717776424135867621344167516969731782408297076690641510925488519425339786231
2831239904815704920016412032913992948413502229392159186483640311971384616648328934218616172408437024641339341534952850417631408
7800709599423404547224077175920136421077429331304204846667623312748910375272177983791546978316206296185604509872479031731294077
6784795879386865023891006814459422181459242147354385223330262696056730516247499993593952360113613078289229711721789291466201911
1558378948527819137236700414103122090944390583763494240148255786716027072401897565958932034145583789267171948650451004479200278
5903365269957297061267790413012843976619330012086443873201405355132327717135407147467813950090532723390786355726062359803253439
7629287528827946090011668159293077488731123501345393936384022425933097863996545653037874008416991412735073016080615679561676815
3237960418959875052085168366152912866396485668534444686608623522780325138572281373258421046475238324527598957994900036953588632
9883457218912143598750744649289916045155230666253998012127292069605955397882251577278616463161982956480851083203582599294132885
8739605725967415654345383552272209454198363876790394143551885453633595477692847087747048445889713841117432214889427740276964122
1808274594398149686259653460592417452536265711085053636183889817336547379067581749366999937190487929782077243956107305394452893
2858306534503555758138192142342374976569912519114070071304001216131565171144485590883323767986065555672710513575942087665489357
4757258115582473299797872077008431880804766429204591994348523186470015406253571125582684142251809933836340635261386229168816736
9918555292750664784762306372865895993392873092492120139178044227677315162874458415577767229742354738329991177067335396671747156
9915416169565774505455198608946138326580556663002878103141442158950284935423931276623631554768708518659417736110868144091121408
7485024844800932215930566743200643612646843426043824587026297306446562930746643938917961270550045568670866510426684185886721448
4920398501344484751530060228048138752162844188260697740262204586350188489261031255952257367650241279996726021255197979400713310
0983903945365766675649828378701431579004857069167244696371192650313930100887222144395396003002837274898192175630515559492616368
3277569441388072350944394279081011821982637576381780324461779633187405677617459795408379063310477462661505822241372624056397980
2796195339856562934096874382820282192099707799004934067504550995736513197478848274092619553245513516215920528915358178045259427
3947135872153511247151284668940911981933985156149720562664695031030349744372110088157223178406720212021960705751648342245477823
8276198303392861443910819050105767637970397653898744484200995946877348235373325786715347188697829025445506211703973576651655150
5882576032689008918318143363475006909501115410116941599853261283394744451901101910507633092078494500214632287815925595536310673
7269241743888980922214944937348603959760552838607959592411748713582006971089673926445144319837129979120595791416170081356544964
3311215693514569183444297282757452024106434743342415838798070572517431245405339373780763180400593713529558089381582197573125752
4556878108283717136754864320383151773421100605854818531410424407658443836201366417280243912680383714161438889747985913112617159
3825283938152818066103999819485641639048153915591788440799327104545750772861261496085802570014233362502408220258846139854490942
3543037705426699624325696485612282411023745859388735341967646420985563945181345313960301854453402790876180716518598169356488497
0055015399759018591540911328290609447855851641187622864276870240973176403939507548117764594583218172186919643238977138111158956
2302146157347717928300258596580246250649908644352652697865369736710811431250945078622499892640698932203651495464626034751579299
0465216581077322245370388400939469195489616593652097640401043603078806904801413336072374703228412879808024013691780444525050754
9151727760868811886689437563229171390965138504950138407176506255752456724326383897323049258585289255126700265024238726662681731
0098281899254404044904741984338800905867702052389334861534065540083641450439874866038625038945827791603161398328731872690722059
6264530562489216043969280034408943083142765136686187837798682491792210809601751533837187815038112873969767271421029102693650921
7670518311894906730059859298650685509520663627502700465860614043829130684092155123515969024766529965326820247830045239762876384
1971827918374425559499103800305418434180845901819771222995898394549615763182780848478726307902754377493105414864115497763562067
7293146824231836764324358936471102982745003549454252992884038807314576844595566006507289403671236553892547396334547842381936455
3707012658412106034610065750021436552038057251146149724375405389299956024255098042568008242870114719254029045709055991603654930
4543749521242879802728408392725236169206369176046813175364511678612424177154836269263324760122983569594445005273913013269664551
5817700093174352547416009939112502133121085536020612539401905269863944981266637678387919942591042471679114800424206674615903746
9928390417067700668674925186060124842260894166668581468768675095262594932684909013159566891337437296287921942274275342136808279
1720526807320641693668140417766107453595978158154018754776221360462162393984770342801365549647871062173743896063916005240392253
5161802386530577435326894842370519298812054283209695964545050386222673476579184628919106024296128426895608065795872894836272477
9269809290510364760281346041981538977140734635535715877861564862122154561230471413453427434440292536928348809500100637413855174
0657501300841813074935854851050163894991818276164751987873048063138250805404584707419292446697964047248725308217946641983844311
8063478785147013188508380911686106501438761736788881545360437305874844044022285005421389985126661063912349587081288388003345466
5080385912620164034274035663131591931589292314684519240800453976434478145811035864455399019210261903984106215732682395895799522
0939020059406813121907073513079575778716665344964094359764782266431575550874973231091097656538411338304404129653958312868999842
6732798933518323978985303323091966916070134400750942228988862433672654847071015762525448860254590537863809085645618465872667306
0427846766351683194895724811056690695837239230026578986973494357639196637007765612283664140977141629336513743191474504552821790
3228155682944358310924291228796943417467684350283874136741330013804595358442242749651649995689037646356343539795964269040555905
6826145487746532059740843858150338835296508366342272235981293613561407683050389559856243442342524690245207486156018191382164551
1327436225221742602074234993619036983345996345216008664910823535986496447271949044534929738194453356131648251656209560053354614
0407290886807276555505472513777566509192309345071661761386510676177956004136233159240180697853305064135526857625954524710679122
1431829687708285619275876929673787963838663779016128696006658789855078135858492072768308764926825429711165034052613724177837083
7028553048202580189681827868563421125284289066186493489485470631057243002992982744971998313406439308961352814738730662842546474
1661580089658576037549874036611720164076275368701553799369961428692585978010787204558502174932891500734632543309652429899761996
9575856899639421670892327891209797029282817824375074240277705275435359082312316792956844954585652271368228646822716619012170165
4690146795978834583378953218274128128954879679834962721495470431115747652300230454490265247933455376976025418712883919785265770
4032584676449148273007032590154174755542691092611500872882432669889260868344191769763590664159630537010368972815582431630162563
5692592732110530293190433213941741940871216528267789341138499704212959459631375151781937020467215223500973204249438057106028338
1541214818072382006149334712979978351719934230083959861254175062060206728245934867359880240685020444293227864055618527079589472
1439159705776204064690488345048299759772753492079024651663143703086754589449249599931908249754660757813918172727140178033198709
7752381183500066741893133463291861429042158260704598873907314527361438231014952758222297919601552459311683576335125432073345960
4158788096315630807867178963280856579732177587633674289101034755608242832707107748491269005626588055241208204418618388578035469
1184416032139115028602210049000593619116279959516862765906011705138739437332038056873961010636018153261556031158803924660448426
9834587809319862013631879808865489908412831755556199315250744409755028410760389172898604230817719091796600511778684843691064279
7878372956127669698977302339079670592653146391325443980293253311254734925614678750486528888944734310378404782150993544089766813
4482271911480681906845899905802627519765113355182171607609262740960268207890619067150293516596923655844247586174848972864721468
9552003526630991149245651109495761934587784128507108647124483752936558263106644305431230364441437558819641682185001628863763328
9406159315820904843204929487522677107941937076263988953382649335050929875295580457118791755887589396355358703932935557257606830
2969493527901243167542109903168828628101917337300403325039813279857934939104326409957807201457446262732489661524241158979368142
1833967145487476098973136162241392322964264292952490319901422154921305200229075272133864200487657774340560812039475075659326308
1445298822625141627089594319278576573094647719202883678449230305616300998398218250958603519589651710614887336894157702428315107
8911019753589361230572967964751571906635823516517521975275494263948066958905939807605210390275340148405377313480598158489558111
3183749609096747980513864052412964607501407465024842349303716927046134047076464086834827581454812880653390898896534483223922702
2047220404370553586495348686661844320582343653984119122227275984849504305399708851775077220602618170548438073982557547603633042
5484875538490583169391720574953649919139069950121342298729189319935008363006908499817188567294646844902804708973781249800855552
7421001424990409022663446235185073936721530809635245828159482916215742480785440259606637437758227633658889520747280770098045723
6510075506635860479703887783619213078585799368504850589990946726994909109916359460180863720392604659818835051505356439580781411
0959165291367850253561235537386721365762207442766902579631829064237987397582522884081947056330594794737026301952693630585102680
6267281924773054128920399667616892395906931391070201721710734680164804934661829697133693962106573047827000567454860592220102084
6351225785373403775734572811446819619019190839393144125015360556285521375890386016901082233720031340998488590003458019399286006
8086983669350678861956334882898616321436714400384547300867927315159417274826609618496301870293049853960758679069277021904136960
9865037759852510085988938641077600576537641357106366728530348981390205491195956901092388717027996104357442748303975082427786786
7507248774842522159480897459767378325396763974897420116495369220388118224704985677597657612836164641593242643705906198310715923
6020323897854469493762019753971728667497338537420217765895884555350482562903234559598367966289598307357713584270039680501758042
2970682482901424731104641663111768757582340710358846705532647449734646971482108058532929343635001949578504462729212526976463810
8406644630764947233594179128313043631264609165757699872474368034583055609364865453910940072958562666156078109884350362008700655
9106501316131398908994689175684333822574784889714347654697727209736986308940910431037486363365667132654371414795819563310659169
0137910472839714679161637852622472509459014895991142745425159229935069751019575455036034662579025492228994125955644298201357138
2263663590472781654218931217059804728469684174302359039764853349702219977113201315914188584584955078222068657185984247622363558
5695450824338155861977114741562006985207639935376048162114526556989656274727076392276059583216303897816482298413238883403403632
0038975862485843345228895776545691226502347548540923009663654944132545600827380276828701039586345737400863528654887451057233197
1285772332269416234665537910079978608222632602148452508934499816027147308767944385913555512454637610386856292966968437445496548
1261330191618765210009782014085845073559775965093415001665110717532374517158996315004359428915981278340620344383170562473911188
0755483943667647640579099438554263999127548734337936583257964438443463208543269429173892355146856191237124938489437234962714824
9129303544439064208938552091032859116474732583566245269345387009587018850752964356086348467165770868170114265169858965115946288
7279622065007376862875602615836848329672073134886504804366938182665036461895999032293214820132094992897811456738921945565996030
4834236494451378286976564913106384851412866607459667235230175488097172277734513000370973157558689076209485032473704000163914074
2906852713508769108670361019771730001144071549164484831831379004788411810506441972725735257048988599402331202363984166872400551
4374843284474261559922201408952633150671870157517305411040726961843624607898601648184347808307024923212656070285299487288795732
8117441033938778257340076295628604371272466046790715921004843853378457388333862596453687093388500288301007959254642621709441228
8336419205482595246714478040728678515920231077940527413442313540990859460129785367310524821300597125039005330560255760446207185
3407569957745240672748410048085824476146107644741791845367520753456514888607145322239479922742610070735465164422006326154369011
8894279996606564122245246476739025836636961740221798143384506169709797876615015522415620193119156094455114077417058486277270353
7131151035004395224877087554662361771017971918239145723682405673667071436258453271309611849685373102636336093172827546720740657
8432145665345782054212385521456100690288045272048653500410117161030682916822394178179943934653293870095835416016828701651397729
9807379993673315841883406823522043062628694861759093682354411179777001696451399181533177926653740164108712792568617753057780749
7552198060883514609633356358462724322863739238474217533806217264897669042731651388657558396154686026363774639912794923252267503
6291771443785740732590982981719905524567339994411151615939323485160260431350712239547320702908777027534814334898810771281406391
8383725943909858701756050979518960102350055348726092344362770497395426060226252186716626586574811491995835598427931237638307288
8507265667315900242180544608612147833573934012185340789193936346356941286917069481442515796977733286907179390046007293777378415
8688298391307343027481331662068268845813946664921272848764804887244314914603468930763919183778517730411504413547554154855526591
5310568546507610904043747230819248926074837842921381365456929822505503792963441504203788828448597610860322974517666735027993699
8190512204618058514563016675739391233696406975567198996502543146118326981238682542313301537034074950744994938638623004424018628
5962797353210542352910227068452267455627736914233254078275501019026029219977380762852165264848013890176220808626487330453830607
1392715231741123546207682784414187261145744424815836598165304144212321073536110482416294352751979189695534837507189501132643925
9547196873348778230662094351866444409683500705986806451682346762409749401895555972393170493498341109191510645940668680160665767
9096955810744288162025152776265225979561511052982298941267330985571152782374720461772752985049704669084322641186449467889515212
4360617959299125510229120098324080014685874269740158186892010379118371918256414709312045505595343772662619039003425826619680875
8242651081630156918805572079983037638369031262141838260427869758050055377235638965872717517504788429694521145838583513263909672
4433259455372438105974775408627724880736064277338137893108385178827104479149305047828800826485922049778207824411348676510055718
8718825984885049258859271868511156347573558547616835487996237695354831720772501296121171500663173314753159506044722718279173640
2709996430110563394535123371054969016136174141380219513450493806426805948941155396288218826477132071568170532718023856256400877
4412955918580719390710872526700485018418160226844433869987075876676044792011973789419662798626013873183203506118837233134120481
8772819562426148199715932002776622117594716096791960417797687467419822085071157480539482033047913473604918965910085487367720357
4625085282706988812822930138218466374524023159847349699030998731244290316248877616127354994943514784160430249591960166158827428
3012297335233487487686932791672504848939891571342804916267615897166810277253170819233520663757428230248104405100538854660927429
9123919446207336590235297840044149569787830675448852079217813254125078565940555357151112153929694801251132171203795549941163920
7476175369012980559938118310990110840174599144325883878065361105628152837782089093135806082805172562067617245231771061838879589
4768469919871257284902195592516344833223851928691778696654759047583702848545509080899254152913598427216007302226235522358460750
5223927757227044947866784478462919350895723643402842384138354740120256079056226884847266693352002580953694527348195695223607106
4705073558122375415417200921965563405533347843275197814453910296613637292816403322858277400213988846375567124674868467361795016
4745728385156852832029629080429064757351207656991841817680115495315482039644479548944488439788311653187692817074819840714497361
5386314847182104599263810424039609228765878994123179215715094367283327303020988006589792974721368333841513658700314945433634456
3685020221252259142980926069027074077129168059113331677771782227727933843623094566219277157186574916058687802285827552124321505
0794558617931775588320039074320252238014802597836590634824227249703483529574186006183975509386000848443692647358501225142361167
3942679708028160995866607265771564423203677879968679929985370044267348240320617033379072586756373490054605230219409903866795469
7536599276764983130315949383875187945686502994166320326189211280377933687730984141460802381512939077916932152569652666724046409
0292377825630966235158683241512971091944539929600065707699283877623772501033680549048220288927590692487589517712276010516389098
4141777627623117777410741182897322646935774432337593489702909715834793849902052358894916963594941828827118210427424755222982593
0263099400776234259640984881940007947968250580544744304077736076557953616095573458814306253535718606350692981623255928091096507
0588327094996262431505059042095661828596107333578122924612340170790916991622052806671333685104366780235136494027277232872825498
1523246308282008538061408160202517775966824053244715248653671495274650673682535042749033828795099010214859776685551489176975506
5811209762314534687747281829159103097186141033482266881873367741901377849867980657673782571505747169485443159028925476795003998
963436785863456565690613348237130676523955561372248056220702510606833697646989872355666869136182759934340379879840576201228LAST


================================================
FILE: test/www/dir/index.html
================================================
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
  <a href="/dir/test.html">Test</a>
  <a href="/hi">hi</a>
</body>
</html>


================================================
FILE: test/www/dir/meson.build
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

configure_file(input: 'index.html', output: 'index.html', copy: true)
configure_file(input: 'test.abcde', output: 'test.abcde', copy: true)
configure_file(input: 'test.html',  output: 'test.html',  copy: true)
configure_file(input: '1MB.txt',    output: '1MB.txt',    copy: true)


================================================
FILE: test/www/dir/test.abcde
================================================
abcde

================================================
FILE: test/www/dir/test.html
================================================
test.html

================================================
FILE: test/www/empty_file
================================================


================================================
FILE: test/www/file
================================================
file


================================================
FILE: test/www/meson.build
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Andrea Pappacoda
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

configure_file(input: 'empty_file', output: 'empty_file', copy: true)
configure_file(input: 'file',       output: 'file',       copy: true)
subdir('dir')
subdir('日本語Dir')


================================================
FILE: test/www/日本語Dir/meson.build
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Andrea Pappacoda
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

configure_file(input: '日本語File.txt', output: '日本語File.txt', copy: true)


================================================
FILE: test/www/日本語Dir/日本語File.txt
================================================
日本語コンテンツ

================================================
FILE: test/www2/dir/index.html
================================================
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
  <a href="/dir/test.html">Test</a>
  <a href="/hi">hi</a>
</body>
</html>


================================================
FILE: test/www2/dir/meson.build
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

configure_file(input: 'index.html', output: 'index.html', copy: true)
configure_file(input: 'test.html',  output: 'test.html',  copy: true)


================================================
FILE: test/www2/dir/test.html
================================================
test.html

================================================
FILE: test/www3/dir/index.html
================================================
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
  <a href="/dir/test.html">Test</a>
  <a href="/hi">hi</a>
</body>
</html>


================================================
FILE: test/www3/dir/meson.build
================================================
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Andrea Pappacoda
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

configure_file(input: 'index.html', output: 'index.html', copy: true)
configure_file(input: 'test.html',  output: 'test.html',  copy: true)


================================================
FILE: test/www3/dir/test.html
================================================
test.html