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Repository: mcmanigle/OxThesis
Branch: master
Commit: 7623477f0759
Files: 14
Total size: 1.2 MB
Directory structure:
gitextract_up65cwoz/
├── .gitignore
├── INSTALL.txt
├── LICENSE
├── Oxford_Thesis.tex
├── README.md
├── ociamthesis.cls
├── references.bib
├── splitcolor.py
└── text/
├── abbreviations.tex
├── abstract.tex
├── acknowledgements.tex
├── appendix-1.tex
├── ch1-intro.tex
└── ch2-litreview.tex
================================================
FILE CONTENTS
================================================
================================================
FILE: .gitignore
================================================
## Core latex/pdflatex auxiliary files:
*.aux
*.lof
*.log
*.lot
*.fls
*.out
*.toc
*.fmt
*.fot
*.cb
*.cb2
## Intermediate documents:
*.dvi
*-converted-to.*
# these rules might exclude image files for figures etc.
# *.ps
# *.eps
# *.pdf
## Generated if empty string is given at "Please type another file name for output:"
.pdf
## Bibliography auxiliary files (bibtex/biblatex/biber):
*.bbl
*.bcf
*.blg
*-blx.aux
*-blx.bib
*.run.xml
## Build tool auxiliary files:
*.fdb_latexmk
*.synctex
*.synctex(busy)
*.synctex.gz
*.synctex.gz(busy)
*.pdfsync
## Auxiliary and intermediate files from other packages:
# algorithms
*.alg
*.loa
# achemso
acs-*.bib
# amsthm
*.thm
# beamer
*.nav
*.pre
*.snm
*.vrb
# changes
*.soc
# cprotect
*.cpt
# elsarticle (documentclass of Elsevier journals)
*.spl
# endnotes
*.ent
# fixme
*.lox
# feynmf/feynmp
*.mf
*.mp
*.t[1-9]
*.t[1-9][0-9]
*.tfm
#(r)(e)ledmac/(r)(e)ledpar
*.end
*.?end
*.[1-9]
*.[1-9][0-9]
*.[1-9][0-9][0-9]
*.[1-9]R
*.[1-9][0-9]R
*.[1-9][0-9][0-9]R
*.eledsec[1-9]
*.eledsec[1-9]R
*.eledsec[1-9][0-9]
*.eledsec[1-9][0-9]R
*.eledsec[1-9][0-9][0-9]
*.eledsec[1-9][0-9][0-9]R
# glossaries
*.acn
*.acr
*.glg
*.glo
*.gls
*.glsdefs
# gnuplottex
*-gnuplottex-*
# gregoriotex
*.gaux
*.gtex
# hyperref
*.brf
# knitr
*-concordance.tex
# TODO Comment the next line if you want to keep your tikz graphics files
*.tikz
*-tikzDictionary
# listings
*.lol
# makeidx
*.idx
*.ilg
*.ind
*.ist
# minitoc
*.maf
*.mlf
*.mlt
*.mtc[0-9]*
*.slf[0-9]*
*.slt[0-9]*
*.stc[0-9]*
# minted
_minted*
*.pyg
# morewrites
*.mw
# nomencl
*.nlo
# pax
*.pax
# pdfpcnotes
*.pdfpc
# sagetex
*.sagetex.sage
*.sagetex.py
*.sagetex.scmd
# scrwfile
*.wrt
# sympy
*.sout
*.sympy
sympy-plots-for-*.tex/
# pdfcomment
*.upa
*.upb
# pythontex
*.pytxcode
pythontex-files-*/
# thmtools
*.loe
# TikZ & PGF
*.dpth
*.md5
*.auxlock
# todonotes
*.tdo
# easy-todo
*.lod
# xindy
*.xdy
# xypic precompiled matrices
*.xyc
# endfloat
*.ttt
*.fff
# Latexian
TSWLatexianTemp*
## Editors:
# WinEdt
*.bak
*.sav
# Texpad
.texpadtmp
# Kile
*.backup
# KBibTeX
*~[0-9]*
# auto folder when using emacs and auctex
/auto/*
# expex forward references with \gathertags
*-tags.tex
# Mac .DS_Store files
.DS_Store
================================================
FILE: INSTALL.txt
================================================
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% OXFORD THESIS TEMPLATE %%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997
% Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007
% Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015
% This version Copyright (c) 2015-2017 John McManigle
%
% Broad permissions are granted to use, modify, and distribute this software
% as specified in the MIT License included in this distribution's LICENSE file.
%
Use this template to produce a standard thesis that meets the Oxford University
requirements for DPhil submission, and should be passable for other thesis-based
degrees (e.g. MPhil) as well.
In modern LaTeX implementations, you should be able to open Oxford_Thesis.tex with
your favorite editor and compile it. By default, this template uses biber/BibLaTeX
for references / citations, so you may have to make the appropriate changes in
your build preferences. A typical 'full build' should be:
1. pdflatex Oxford_Thesis.tex
2. biber Oxford_Thesis
3. pdflatex Oxford_Thesis.tex
4. pdflatex Oxford_Thesis.tex
There should be subfolders called 'text' and 'figures'. Keep all your work in these
folders. This will make your life much simpler when you need to go about deleting
files creating while compiling while not deleting your actual thesis.
Make a new .tex file for each chapter and appendix, and place them in the text
folder. If you'll have a figure-intensive thesis, subfolders in 'figures' is a good
idea. Use PDF graphics if at all possible.
The LaTeX cheat sheet is your friend. Google it. http://tex.stackexchange.com has
lots of answers to common LaTeX problems.
High-level details on what this template provides can be found at:
https://www.oxfordechoes.com/oxford-thesis-template/
================================================
FILE: LICENSE
================================================
MIT License
Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997
Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007
Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015
This version Copyright (c) 2015-2023 John McManigle
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
================================================
FILE: Oxford_Thesis.tex
================================================
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% OXFORD THESIS TEMPLATE
% Use this template to produce a standard thesis that meets the Oxford University requirements for DPhil submission
%
% Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997
% Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007
% Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015
%
% This version Copyright (c) 2015-2023 John McManigle
%
% Broad permissions are granted to use, modify, and distribute this software
% as specified in the MIT License included in this distribution's LICENSE file.
%
% I've (John) tried to comment this file extensively, so read through it to see how to use the various options. Remember
% that in LaTeX, any line starting with a % is NOT executed. Several places below, you have a choice of which line to use
% out of multiple options (eg draft vs final, for PDF vs for binding, etc.) When you pick one, add a % to the beginning of
% the lines you don't want.
%%%%% CHOOSE PAGE LAYOUT
% The most common choices should be below. You can also do other things, like replacing "a4paper" with "letterpaper", etc.
% This one will format for two-sided binding (ie left and right pages have mirror margins; blank pages inserted where needed):
\documentclass[a4paper,twoside]{ociamthesis}
% This one will format for one-sided binding (ie left margin > right margin; no extra blank pages):
%\documentclass[a4paper]{ociamthesis}
% This one will format for PDF output (ie equal margins, no extra blank pages):
%\documentclass[a4paper,nobind]{ociamthesis}
%%%%% SELECT YOUR DRAFT OPTIONS
% Three options going on here; use in any combination. But remember to turn the first two off before
% generating a PDF to send to the printer!
% This adds a "DRAFT" footer to every normal page. (The first page of each chapter is not a "normal" page.)
\fancyfoot[C]{\emph{DRAFT Printed on \today}}
% This highlights (in blue) corrections marked with (for words) \mccorrect{blah} or (for whole
% paragraphs) \begin{mccorrection} . . . \end{mccorrection}. This can be useful for sending a PDF of
% your corrected thesis to your examiners for review. Turn it off, and the blue disappears.
\correctionstrue
%%%%% BIBLIOGRAPHY SETUP
% Note that your bibliography will require some tweaking depending on your department, preferred format, etc.
% The options included below are just very basic "sciencey" and "humanitiesey" options to get started.
% If you've not used LaTeX before, I recommend reading a little about biblatex/biber and getting started with it.
% If you're already a LaTeX pro and are used to natbib or something, modify as necessary.
% Either way, you'll have to choose and configure an appropriate bibliography format...
% The science-type option: numerical in-text citation with references in order of appearance.
\usepackage[style=numeric-comp, sorting=none, backend=biber, doi=false, isbn=false]{biblatex}
\newcommand*{\bibtitle}{References}
% The humanities-type option: author-year in-text citation with an alphabetical works cited.
%\usepackage[style=authoryear, sorting=nyt, backend=biber, maxcitenames=2, useprefix, doi=false, isbn=false]{biblatex}
%\newcommand*{\bibtitle}{Works Cited}
% This makes the bibliography left-aligned (not 'justified') and slightly smaller font.
\renewcommand*{\bibfont}{\raggedright\small}
% Change this to the name of your .bib file (usually exported from a citation manager like Zotero or EndNote).
\addbibresource{references.bib}
% Uncomment this if you want equation numbers per section (2.3.12), instead of per chapter (2.18):
%\numberwithin{equation}{subsection}
%%%%% THESIS / TITLE PAGE INFORMATION
% Everybody needs to complete the following:
\title{Suitably impressive thesis title}
\author{Your Name}
\college{Your College}
% Master's candidates who require the alternate title page (with candidate number and word count)
% must also un-comment and complete the following three lines:
%\masterssubmissiontrue
%\candidateno{933516}
%\wordcount{28,815}
% Uncomment the following line if your degree also includes exams (eg most masters):
%\renewcommand{\submittedtext}{Submitted in partial completion of the}
% Your full degree name. (But remember that DPhils aren't "in" anything. They're just DPhils.)
\degree{Doctor of Philosophy}
% Term and year of submission, or date if your board requires (eg most masters)
\degreedate{Michaelmas 2014}
%%%%% YOUR OWN PERSONAL MACROS
% This is a good place to dump your own LaTeX macros as they come up.
% To make text superscripts shortcuts
\renewcommand{\th}{\textsuperscript{th}} % ex: I won 4\th place
\newcommand{\nd}{\textsuperscript{nd}}
\renewcommand{\st}{\textsuperscript{st}}
\newcommand{\rd}{\textsuperscript{rd}}
%%%%% THE ACTUAL DOCUMENT STARTS HERE
\begin{document}
%%%%% CHOOSE YOUR LINE SPACING HERE
% This is the official option. Use it for your submission copy and library copy:
\setlength{\textbaselineskip}{22pt plus2pt}
% This is closer spacing (about 1.5-spaced) that you might prefer for your personal copies:
%\setlength{\textbaselineskip}{18pt plus2pt minus1pt}
% You can set the spacing here for the roman-numbered pages (acknowledgements, table of contents, etc.)
\setlength{\frontmatterbaselineskip}{17pt plus1pt minus1pt}
% Leave this line alone; it gets things started for the real document.
\setlength{\baselineskip}{\textbaselineskip}
%%%%% CHOOSE YOUR SECTION NUMBERING DEPTH HERE
% You have two choices. First, how far down are sections numbered? (Below that, they're named but
% don't get numbers.) Second, what level of section appears in the table of contents? These don't have
% to match: you can have numbered sections that don't show up in the ToC, or unnumbered sections that
% do. Throughout, 0 = chapter; 1 = section; 2 = subsection; 3 = subsubsection, 4 = paragraph...
% The level that gets a number:
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}
% The level that shows up in the ToC:
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
%%%%% ABSTRACT SEPARATE
% This is used to create the separate, one-page abstract that you are required to hand into the Exam
% Schools. You can comment it out to generate a PDF for printing or whatnot.
\begin{abstractseparate}
\input{text/abstract} % Create an abstract.tex file in the 'text' folder for your abstract.
\end{abstractseparate}
% JEM: Pages are roman numbered from here, though page numbers are invisible until ToC. This is in
% keeping with most typesetting conventions.
\begin{romanpages}
% JEM: By default, this template uses the traditional Oxford "Belt Crest". Un-comment the following
% line to use the newer, "Blue Square" logo:
% \renewcommand{\crest}{{\includegraphics[width=4.2cm, height=4.2cm]{figures/newlogo.pdf}}}
% Title page is created here
\maketitle
%%%%% DEDICATION -- If you'd like one, un-comment the following.
%\begin{dedication}
%This thesis is dedicated to\\
%someone\\
%for some special reason\\
%\end{dedication}
%%%%% ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- Nothing to do here except comment out if you don't want it.
\begin{acknowledgements}
\input{text/acknowledgements}
\end{acknowledgements}
%%%%% ABSTRACT -- Nothing to do here except comment out if you don't want it.
\begin{abstract}
\input{text/abstract}
\end{abstract}
%%%%% MINI TABLES
% This lays the groundwork for per-chapter, mini tables of contents. Comment the following line
% (and remove \minitoc from the chapter files) if you don't want this. Un-comment either of the
% next two lines if you want a per-chapter list of figures or tables.
\dominitoc % include a mini table of contents
%\dominilof % include a mini list of figures
%\dominilot % include a mini list of tables
% This aligns the bottom of the text of each page. It generally makes things look better.
\flushbottom
% This is where the whole-document ToC appears:
\tableofcontents
\listoffigures
\mtcaddchapter
% \mtcaddchapter is needed when adding a non-chapter (but chapter-like) entity to avoid confusing minitoc
% Uncomment to generate a list of tables:
%\listoftables
% \mtcaddchapter
%%%%% LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
% This example includes a list of abbreviations. Look at text/abbreviations.tex to see how that file is
% formatted. The template can handle any kind of list though, so this might be a good place for a
% glossary, etc.
\include{text/abbreviations}
% The Roman pages, like the Roman Empire, must come to its inevitable close.
\end{romanpages}
%%%%% CHAPTERS
% Add or remove any chapters you'd like here, by file name (excluding '.tex'):
\flushbottom
\include{text/ch1-intro}
\include{text/ch2-litreview}
%% APPENDICES %%
% Starts lettered appendices, adds a heading in table of contents, and adds a
% page that just says "Appendices" to signal the end of your main text.
\startappendices
% Add or remove any appendices you'd like here:
\include{text/appendix-1}
%%%%% REFERENCES
% JEM: Quote for the top of references (just like a chapter quote if you're using them). Comment to skip.
\begin{savequote}[8cm]
The first kind of intellectual and artistic personality belongs to the hedgehogs, the second to the foxes \dots
\qauthor{--- Sir Isaiah Berlin \cite{berlin_hedgehog_2013}}
\end{savequote}
\setlength{\baselineskip}{0pt} % JEM: Single-space References
{\renewcommand*\MakeUppercase[1]{#1}%
\printbibliography[heading=bibintoc,title={\bibtitle}]}
\end{document}
================================================
FILE: README.md
================================================
# OxThesis
**OxThesis** is a LaTeX template for an Oxford University thesis, originally published on [the Oxford Echoes blog](https://www.oxfordechoes.com/oxford-thesis-template/).
Feel free to submit issues or push requests here, or comments on the blog post there. And of course, happy thesis-writing!
---
When writing my thesis in 2014, I was lucky enough to find [a template that Sam Evans adapted](http://evansresearch.org/2010/05/oxford-thesis-latex-template/) for social sciences use based on [the original maths template by Keith Gillow](https://www.maths.ox.ac.uk/members/it/faqs/latex/thesis-class). I wound up making my own modifications, and re-packaged the template for posterity. This template is distributed under an MIT License with each of their permissions. It's also worth pointing out that [Danny Price has developed a LyX template](https://github.com/telegraphic/Oxford-LyX-Thesis-Template) based on the maths template as well.
Some of the features of **OxThesis** are:
*Fantastic chapter pages.* The template retains Sam Evans’s use of the [quotchap](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/quotchap?lang=en) and [minitoc](https://www.ctan.org/pkg/minitoc?lang=en) packages to (optionally) include an epigraph and brief table of contents at the beginning of each chapter. I found this a great way to inject a bit of personality into the thesis (via the epigraph) and ensure that my reader wasn’t getting lost (table of contents). My modifications cleaned up some of the spacing, ensuring single-spaced tables and slightly more compact chapter headings.
*Table of Contents refinements.* Careful attention was paid to spacing and page headings in the table of contents as well as other heading sections. This can get tricky in documents using lots of packages. This template also inserts an “Appendices” page (and ToC entry) between chapters and appendices.
*Table of abbreviations.* Many science and engineering theses use lots of abbreviations. Humanities and social sciences theses often need glossaries. While there are some dedicated LaTeX classes that meet these needs in complex cases, I decided to create a simple list environment to handle the routine cases.
*Highlighted corrections.* Most Oxford theses go through a round of corrections, as time-honored a tradition as the viva itself. Minor corrections generally just involve sending a PDF of your revised thesis to your internal examiner. (Major corrections often require a more exacting process.) This class allows you to designate text (or figures, etc) as a correction. You can then toggle between generating a document in which these corrections are highlighted in blue (ideal for sending to your examiner for a quick read-through) and just printing them without any adornment (for generating your final copy).
*Page layout, draft, and spacing options.* In a few keystrokes, you can switch between a double-spaced, single-sided, binding-margin document (ideal for submission), a 1.5-spaced, double-sided document (for your parents’ copy), or a version with equal left and right margins (for submitting as a PDF). An optional draft notice (with date) can be included in the footer — just remember to turn it off before submitting!
*Master’s thesis title page.* Some masters’ degrees require title pages with a candidate number and word count rather than a name and college, to ensure anonymity for the examinees. They also require a statement of authenticity / originality on the title page. This template has a quick option to switch to this master’s submission format. And, just as importantly, it can be turned off when you want to print a version for yourself.
---
Full details with pictures can still be found at the [Oxford Echoes blog post](https://www.oxfordechoes.com/oxford-thesis-template/). Feel free to submit push requests or issues.
---
> Written with [StackEdit](https://stackedit.io/).
================================================
FILE: ociamthesis.cls
================================================
% ociamthesis
%
% Originally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997
% Modified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch.org), 2007
% Modified by John McManigle (john@oxfordechoes.com), 2015
%
% This version Copyright (c) 2015-2017 John McManigle
%
% Broad permissions are granted to use, modify, and distribute this software
% as specified in the MIT License included in this distribution's LICENSE file.
%
%
%-------------------------- identification ---------------------
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{ociamthesis}[2015/04/30 Oxford thesis class]
%-------------------------- initial code -----------------------
% JEM: Defaults to one-side, but passing 'twoside' should set everything up for that
\LoadClass[openright,12pt]{report}
\newif\ifmc@nobind
\mc@nobindfalse
\DeclareOption{nobind}{\mc@nobindtrue}
\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{report}}
\ProcessOptions\relax
\setlength{\parskip}{0pt plus 1pt}
\setlength{\parfillskip}{0pt plus .7\textwidth}
% JEM: Lengths for single spacing (ie separate abstract, captions), front matter (abstract,
% acknowledgements, table of contents, etc), and main body text.
\newlength{\singlebaselineskip}
\newlength{\frontmatterbaselineskip}
\newlength{\textbaselineskip}
\setlength{\singlebaselineskip}{\baselineskip}
\setlength{\frontmatterbaselineskip}{17pt plus1pt minus1pt}
\setlength{\textbaselineskip}{22pt plus2pt}
\newcommand{\submittedtext}{{A thesis submitted for the degree of}}
\usepackage{varwidth}
\newcommand{\originalitytext}{%
\rule[-2mm]{1pt}{7mm}\hspace{-1pt}%
\rule[-2mm]{7mm}{1pt}\hspace{-1pt}%
\rule[-2mm]{1pt}{7mm}\hspace{-7mm}%
\rule[5mm]{7mm}{1pt}\hspace{1em}%
\begin{varwidth}{\textwidth}I hereby certify that this is entirely\\my own work unless otherwise stated.\end{varwidth}}
%
% DECLARATIONS
%
% These macros are used to declare arguments needed for the
% construction of the title page and other preamble.
% The year and term the degree will be officially conferred
\def\degreedate#1{\gdef\@degreedate{#1}}
% The full (unabbreviated) name of the degree
\def\degree#1{\gdef\@degree{#1}}
% The name of your Oxford college (eg Christ Church, Pembroke)
\def\college#1{\gdef\@college{#1}}
% Your candidate number (ie for master's submissions)
\def\candidateno#1{\gdef\@candidateno{#1}}
% Your word count (for master's submissions)
\def\wordcount#1{\gdef\@wordcount{#1}}
\newif\ifmasterssubmission
% adds candidate number and word count in place of name and college
\masterssubmissionfalse
%
% CRESTS
%
\def\crest{{\includegraphics{figures/beltcrest.pdf}}}
%
% Define text area of page and margin offsets
%
\ifmc@nobind
\usepackage[includehead,hmargin={3.1cm, 3.1cm}, vmargin={2.5cm,2.7cm}, headsep=.8cm,footskip=1.2cm]{geometry}
\else
\usepackage[includehead,hmargin={3.6cm, 2.6cm}, vmargin={2.5cm,2.7cm}, headsep=.8cm,footskip=1.2cm]{geometry}
\fi
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\setlength{\headheight}{15pt}
\fancyhf{} % clear the header and footers
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\thechapter. #1}{\thechapter. #1}}
\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\thesection. #1}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyhead[LO]{\emph{\leftmark}}
\fancyhead[RE]{\emph{\rightmark}}
\fancyhead[RO,LE]{\emph{\thepage}}
\fancypagestyle{plain}{\fancyhf{}\fancyfoot[C]{\emph{\thepage}}}
% JEM fix header on cleared pages for openright
\def\cleardoublepage{\clearpage\if@twoside \ifodd\c@page\else
\hbox{}
\fancyhead[RE,LO]{}
\newpage
\if@twocolumn\hbox{}\newpage
\fi
\fancyhead[LO]{\emph{\leftmark}}
\fancyhead[RE]{\emph{\rightmark}}
\fi\fi}
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage{nicefrac}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
% Allows tables to span multiple pages (this package must be called before hyperref)
\usepackage[font=small,labelfont=bf]{caption}
% Nicer captions
\usepackage{multicol,multirow,array}
% Used to make multiple columns for the indices and for creating columns that span multiple rows in tables
\usepackage{rotating}
% To allow tables in landscape mode
\usepackage{booktabs}
% For better looking tables
\usepackage{pdfpages}
% Allows multi-page pdfs to be inserted as graphics
\usepackage{xfrac}
%\usepackage{enumerate}
% Allows different numbering styles for Lists
% to use:
% \begin{enumerate}[x]
% \item text
% \end{enumerate}
% where x is:
% A uppercase letters (as produced by \Alph)
% a lowercase letters (as produced by \alph)
% I uppercase roman numerals (as produced by \Roman)
% i lowercase roman numerals (as produced by \roman)
% 1 arabic numbers (as produced by \arabic)
% JEM the following package allows changing spacing in lists (for acknowledgements)
\usepackage{enumitem}
% JEM the following allows table columns aligned by decimal point
\usepackage{dcolumn}
\newcolumntype{d}[3]{D{.}{\cdot}{#1} }
\usepackage{appendix}
% For helping format appendicies
\usepackage{notoccite}
% To format the bibliography
\usepackage[colorlinks=false,pdfpagelabels]{hyperref}
% for linking between references, figures, TOC, etc in the pdf document
\usepackage[nohints,tight]{minitoc}
\setcounter{minitocdepth}{2}
% Generates mini tables of contents per chapter
% JEM: The following fixes minitoc to not be multiple-spaced.
\let\oldmtc@verse\mtc@verse
\renewcommand{\mtc@verse}[1]{\oldmtc@verse{#1}\setlength{\baselineskip}{\z@}}
%
% Environments
%
% This macro define an environment for front matter that is always
% single column even in a double-column document.
\newenvironment{alwayssingle}{%
\@restonecolfalse
\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
\else\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
\fi}%
{\if@restonecol\twocolumn
\else\newpage\thispagestyle{empty}\fi}
%define title page layout
\renewcommand{\maketitle}{%
\begin{alwayssingle}\null
\renewcommand{\footnotesize}{\small}
\renewcommand{\footnoterule}{\relax}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\ifmasterssubmission
\begin{center}
\vspace*{-3ex}
{ \LARGE {\bfseries {\@title}} \par}
{\large \vspace*{25mm} {\crest \par} \vspace*{20mm}}
{{\Large Candidate no.\ \@candidateno} \par}
{\large \vspace*{1ex}
{Word count: {\@wordcount} \par}
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================================================
FILE: references.bib
================================================
@article{kenny_transthoracic_1992,
title = {Transthoracic high-frequency two-dimensional echocardiography, {Doppler} and color flow mapping to determine anatomy and blood flow patterns in the distal left anterior descending coronary artery},
volume = {69},
issn = {0002-9149},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/000291499291218S},
doi = {10.1016/0002-9149(92)91218-S},
abstract = {Combined high-frequency transthoracic ultrasound, pulsed Doppler and color flow mapping were used to image and assess blood flow velocity in the distal left anterior descending artery (LAD) in 56 consecutive patients. All patients subsequently underwent coronary angiography. The LAD was imaged in 19 patients (34\%), and the diameter was measured in 12 with high-quality images (mean diameter 1.8 mm {\textpm} 0.08). In 1 patient, the penetrating branches of the LAD were imaged. The distal LAD appeared normal by ultrasound in 18 patients, and a significant stenosis was detected in 1; angiography confirmed the ultrasound findings. There were no false negative results. Characteristic biphasic flow with higher velocities in diastole were noted in all 19 patients. Color flow mapping demonstrated normal laminar flow, except in the patient with a distal stenosis. Pulsed Doppler confirmed an increased velocity distal to the stenosis in this patient. This study is the first transthoracic evaluation of the hemodynamic effects of a coronary artery stenosis, and the first in vivo description of blood flow disturbance at a distal coronary stenosis in humans. The clinical use of this technique is limited, because only the distal portion of the LAD is visualized. However, it may provide a noninvasive means of assessing distal LAD diameter and blood flow, and changes in these parameters under a variety of physiologic, pharmacologic and interventional stimuli.},
number = {16},
urldate = {2015-04-26},
journal = {The American Journal of Cardiology},
author = {Kenny, Antoinette and Shapiro, Leonard M.},
month = may,
year = {1992},
pages = {1265--1268},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D2F8KN5D/Kenny and Shapiro - 1992 - Transthoracic high-frequency two-dimensional echoc.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6IXNGCN9/000291499291218S.html:text/html}
}
@article{arsigny_polyrigid_2005,
title = {Polyrigid and polyaffine transformations: {A} novel geometrical tool to deal with non-rigid deformations - {Application} to the registration of histological slices},
volume = {9},
issn = {1361-8415},
number = {6},
journal = {Medical Image Analysis},
author = {Arsigny, Vincent and Pennec, Xavier and Ayache, Nicholas},
year = {2005},
keywords = {Diffeomorphism, Histological slices, Image registration, Insight Toolkit, Non-rigid registration, Parametric transformation},
pages = {507--523},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WXFGJRGB/ArsignyPolyaffine.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{zhu_segmentation_2010,
title = {Segmentation of the left ventricle from cardiac {MR} images using a subject-specific dynamical model},
volume = {29},
issn = {1558-0062},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19789107},
doi = {10.1109/TMI.2009.2031063},
abstract = {Statistical models have shown considerable promise as a basis for segmenting and interpreting cardiac images. While a variety of statistical models have been proposed to improve the segmentation results, most of them are either static models (SMs), which neglect the temporal dynamics of a cardiac sequence, or generic dynamical models (GDMs), which are homogeneous in time and neglect the intersubject variability in cardiac shape and deformation. In this paper, we develop a subject-specific dynamical model (SSDM) that simultaneously handles temporal dynamics (intrasubject variability) and intersubject variability. We also propose a dynamic prediction algorithm that can progressively identify the specific motion patterns of a new cardiac sequence based on the shapes observed in past frames. The incorporation of this SSDM into the segmentation framework is formulated in a recursive Bayesian framework. It starts with a manual segmentation of the first frame, and then segments each frame according to intensity information from the current frame as well as the prediction from past frames. In addition, to reduce error propagation in sequential segmentation, we take into account the periodic nature of cardiac motion and perform segmentation in both forward and backward directions. We perform "leave-one-out" test on 32 canine sequences and 22 human sequences, and compare the experimental results with those from SM, GDM, and active appearance motion model (AAMM). Quantitative analysis of the experimental results shows that SSDM outperforms SM, GDM, and AAMM by having better global and local consistencies with manual segmentation. Moreover, we compare the segmentation results from forward and forward-backward segmentation. Quantitative evaluation shows that forward-backward segmentation suppresses the propagation of segmentation errors.},
number = {3},
urldate = {2010-10-27},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging},
author = {Zhu, Yun and Papademetris, Xenophon and Sinusas, Albert J. and Duncan, James S.},
month = mar,
year = {2010},
pmid = {19789107},
keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Bayes Theorem, Dogs, Electrocardiography, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Models, Cardiovascular, Models, Statistical, Principal Component Analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity},
pages = {669--687},
file = {Segmentation_of_the_left_ventricle_from_cardiac_MR_images_using_a_subject_specific_dynamical_model_TMI2010.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N6FKNMKS/Segmentation_of_the_left_ventricle_from_cardiac_MR_images_using_a_subject_specific_dynamical_model_TMI2010.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@incollection{gagliardi_chest_1996,
series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}},
title = {Chest radiology},
number = {1},
booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}},
publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.},
author = {Heitzman, Jr., E. Robert and Greene, Reginald},
editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.},
year = {1996},
pages = {131--172},
file = {RCI_D_c07.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MJFCN6T6/RCI_D_c07.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{hyman_resuscitation_1932,
title = {Resuscitation of the stopped heart by intracardial therapy: {II}. {Experimental} use of an artificial pacemaker},
volume = {50},
issn = {0730-188X},
shorttitle = {Resuscitation of the stopped heart by intracardial therapy},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1932.00150150115012},
doi = {10.1001/archinte.1932.00150150115012},
abstract = {Cardiac standstill, regardless of the sequential development of the etiologic factors responsible for its occurrence, constitutes a clinical problem of no little magnitude so far as a favorable outcome in any individual case is predicated on the initiation of therapeutic measures leading to prompt restoration of the automatic activity of the heart. The more or less dramatic events attending cardiac arrest, whether the scene be laid in a well appointed hospital operating amphitheater, a doctor's consulting room or in less favorable circumstances, are always associated with ill defined attempts to do something to restore cardiac function. In the brief interval before complete surrender to death has taken place and before utter helplessness has seized those administering to the dying person, many random and badly executed procedures are invoked with the last minute hope of resuscitating the stopped heart.In a previous communication1 I attempted to review the methods currently},
number = {2},
urldate = {2014-12-24},
journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
author = {Hyman, Albert S.},
month = aug,
year = {1932},
pages = {283--305},
file = {archinte_50_2_012.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UDAU3QM7/archinte_50_2_012.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{nwosu_neonatal_2008,
title = {Neonatal sinovenous thrombosis: {Presentation} and association with imaging},
volume = {39},
issn = {0887-8994 (Print)},
number = {3},
journal = {Pediatric Neurology},
author = {Nwosu, M. E. and Williams, L. S. and Edwards-Brown, M. and Eckert, G. J. and Golomb, M. R.},
year = {2008},
keywords = {Anoxia/etiology/physiopathology, Cohort Studies, Dehydration/etiology/physiopathology, Diagnostic Imaging/*methods, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/etiology/*pathology/physiopathology, Risk Factors, Seizures/etiology/physiopathology, Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/complications/*pathology/physiopathology, Time Factors},
pages = {155--61},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/53PAGMRN/Nwosu.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{di_biase_how_2013,
title = {How to ablate long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation?},
volume = {28},
issn = {0268-4705},
shorttitle = {How to ablate long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation?},
url = {http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftn&AN=00001573-201301000-00006},
doi = {10.1097/HCO.0b013e32835b59bb},
abstract = {Purpose of review: Long-standing persistent (LSP) atrial fibrillation is the most challenging arrhythmia to treat. Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation has reached satisfactory results for the long-term treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, but not for the treatment of LSP atrial fibrillation. Several approaches with various outcomes have been described in the literature. The purpose of this review is to summarize the ablation approach that we developed at our institution., Recent findings: During ablation of LSP atrial fibrillation, in addition to pulmonary vein antrum and posterior wall isolation, ablation of nonpulmonary vein triggers disclosed by high dosage of isoproterenol seems to be of utmost importance to achieve long-term success after a single procedure. The location of the nonpulmonary vein triggers includes the coronary sinus, the anterior part of the septum, the left atrial appendage and the superior vena cava. Termination of atrial fibrillation during ablation does not seem to influence the outcome. Increasing radiofrequency power from 30 up to 45 W seems an important factor to favour durable lesions., Summary: The approach described in this review will guide the reader to what we believe is the best approach for the ablation of patients with LSP atrial fibrillation., (C) 2013 Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins, Inc.},
number = {1},
urldate = {2014-11-24},
journal = {Current Opinion in Cardiology},
author = {Di Biase, Luigi and Santangeli, Pasquale and Natale, Andrea},
month = jan,
year = {2013},
keywords = {Clinical Medicine},
pages = {26--35},
file = {00001573-201301000-00006.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J3EQSH2Z/00001573-201301000-00006.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{hamilton_zoology_2015,
title = {Zoology: {Here} be dragons},
volume = {520},
copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2015 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.},
issn = {0028-0836},
shorttitle = {Zoology},
url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7545/full/520042a.html},
doi = {10.1038/520042a},
abstract = {Emerging evidence indicates that dragons can no longer be dismissed as creatures of legend and fantasy, and that anthropogenic effects on the world's climate may inadvertently be paving the way for the resurgence of these beasts.},
language = {en},
number = {7545},
urldate = {2015-04-27},
journal = {Nature},
author = {Hamilton, Andrew J. and May, Robert M. and Waters, Edward K.},
month = apr,
year = {2015},
keywords = {Animal behaviour, Climate change, Zoology},
pages = {42--43},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7GA2JDIA/Hamilton et al. - 2015 - Zoology Here be dragons.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FFGIQZEE/520042a.html:text/html}
}
@article{thase_antidepressant_1999,
title = {Antidepressant treatment of the depressed patient with insomnia},
volume = {60 Suppl 17},
issn = {0160-6689 (Print)},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=10446739},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Psychiatry},
author = {Thase, M. E.},
year = {1999},
keywords = {Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*therapeutic use, Comorbidity, Cyclohexanols/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder/*drug therapy/epidemiology/psychology, Fluoxetine/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Mianserin/*analogs \& derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Sleep/drug effects, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*drug, therapy/epidemiology/psychology, Treatment Outcome, Triazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use},
pages = {28--31; discussion 46--8}
}
@phdthesis{rajpoot_multi-view_2009,
address = {Oxford, England},
title = {Multi-view 3D echocardiographic image analysis},
school = {University of Oxford},
author = {Rajpoot, Kashif},
year = {2009}
}
@article{dixit_is_2012,
title = {Is the elimination of triggers sufficient? {Current} controversies in catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation},
volume = {5},
issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084},
url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/5/6/1216},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.111.970343},
language = {en},
number = {6},
urldate = {2014-11-24},
journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology},
author = {Dixit, Sanjay and Lin, David and Frankel, David S. and Marchlinski, Francis E.},
month = dec,
year = {2012},
pmid = {23250551},
keywords = {ablation, Atrial Fibrillation, outcomes},
pages = {1216--1223},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/56W3Q3WQ/Dixit et al. - 2012 - Catheter Ablation for Persistent Atrial Fibrillati.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BAGWQHDE/1216.html:text/html}
}
@article{davidson_mirtazapine_2003,
title = {Mirtazapine vs. placebo in posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot trial},
volume = {53},
issn = {0006-3223 (Print)},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12547477},
number = {2},
journal = {Biological Psychiatry},
author = {Davidson, J. R. and Weisler, R. H. and Butterfield, M. I. and Casat, C. D. and Connor, K. M. and Barnett, S. and van Meter, S.},
year = {2003},
keywords = {Adult, Analysis of Variance, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*therapeutic use, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Mianserin/analogs \& derivatives/*therapeutic use, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Placebos, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*drug therapy/psychology},
pages = {188--91}
}
@article{gibbons_rosuvastatin_2009,
title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein},
volume = {360},
issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)},
number = {10},
journal = {New England Journal of Medicine},
author = {Gibbons, R. J.},
year = {2009},
keywords = {Aspirin/therapeutic use, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Female, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Guideline Adherence, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Hypertension/epidemiology, Male, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Smoking/epidemiology, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use},
pages = {1038; author reply 1041--2},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JEVIMMTZ/Gibbons-2009-Rosuvastatin in pati.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@techreport{_heart_2009,
address = {Dallas, Texas},
title = {Heart disease and stroke statistics -- 2009 update},
institution = {American Heart Association},
year = {2009},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/EBE3GN3P/2009 AHA Stats.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{jenny-avital_rosuvastatin_2009,
title = {Rosuvastatin in patients with elevated {C}-reactive protein},
volume = {360},
issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=19271275},
number = {10},
journal = {New England Journal of Medicine},
author = {Jenny-Avital, E. R.},
year = {2009},
keywords = {Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Female, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Male, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Risk Factors, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use},
pages = {1039; author reply 1041--2}
}
@incollection{adam_ischaemic_2008,
title = {Ischaemic heart disease},
isbn = {978-0-443-10163-2},
booktitle = {Grainger \& {Allison}'s {Diagnostic} {Radiology}},
publisher = {Elsevier Churchill Livingstone},
author = {Hartnell, G. G. and Gates, J.},
collaborator = {Adam, A. and Dixon, A.},
year = {2008},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4KRMSW4W/CHAPTER 25 - Ischaemic Heart Disease from Adam_ Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology on MD Consult.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{benitez_use_2001,
title = {The use of the {Hilbert} transform in {ECG} signal analysis},
volume = {31},
issn = {0010-4825},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482501000099},
doi = {10.1016/S0010-4825(01)00009-9},
abstract = {This paper presents a new robust algorithm for QRS detection using the first differential of the ECG signal and its Hilbert transformed data to locate the R wave peaks in the ECG waveform. Using this method, the differentiation of R waves from large, peaked T and P waves is achieved with a high degree of accuracy. In addition, problems with baseline drift, motion artifacts and muscular noise are minimised. The performance of the algorithm was tested using standard ECG waveform records from the MIT-BITH Arrhythmia database. An average detection rate of 99.87\%, a sensitivity (Se) of 99.94\% and a positive prediction (+P) of 99.93\% have been achieved against study records from the MIT-BITH Arrhythmia database. A detection error rate of less than 0.8\% was achieved in every study case. The reliability of the proposed detector compares very favorably with published results for other QRS detectors.},
number = {5},
urldate = {2013-04-22},
journal = {Computers in Biology and Medicine},
author = {Benitez, D. and Gaydecki, P. A. and Zaidi, A. and Fitzpatrick, A. P.},
month = sep,
year = {2001},
keywords = {Artifacts, ECG signal detection, Electrocardiography, Hilbert Transform},
pages = {399--406},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NC9GMAEV/Benitez et al. - 2001 - The use of the Hilbert transform in ECG signal ana.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H4Z5U3I5/Benitez et al. - 2001 - The use of the Hilbert transform in ECG signal ana.html:text/html}
}
@article{pruessmann_sense_1999,
title = {{SENSE}: {Sensitivity} encoding for fast {MRI}},
volume = {42},
issn = {0740-3194},
shorttitle = {{SENSE}},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1522-2594(199911)42:5%3C952::AID-MRM16%3E3.0.CO;2-S/abstract},
doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1522-2594(199911)42:5<952::AID-MRM16>3.0.CO;2-S},
number = {5},
urldate = {2010-10-26},
journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
author = {Pruessmann, Klaas P. and Weiger, Markus and Scheidegger, Markus B. and Boesiger, Peter},
month = nov,
year = {1999},
pages = {952--962},
file = {SENSE.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XZ7S9F7C/SENSE.pdf:application/pdf;SENSE\: Sensitivity encoding for fast MRI - Pruessmann - 1999 - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - Wiley Online Library:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TT6BRK2U/abstract.html:text/html}
}
@article{le_polain_de_waroux_combined_2008,
title = {Combined coronary and late-enhanced multidetector-computed tomography for delineation of the etiology of left ventricular dysfunction: {Comparison} with coronary angiography and contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging},
volume = {29},
issn = {0195-668X},
shorttitle = {Combined coronary and late-enhanced multidetector-computed tomography for delineation of the etiology of left ventricular dysfunction},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2567022/},
doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehn381},
abstract = {Aims
To evaluate whether comprehensive evaluation of coronary anatomy and delayed enhancement (DE) by multidetector-computed tomography (MDCT) would allow determination of etiology of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) as compared with coronary angiography (CA) and DE-magnetic resonance (CMR).
Methods and results
Seventy-one consecutive patients (50 males, 59 {\textpm} 16 years) with LVD (ejection fraction: 26 {\textpm} 11\%) of unknown etiology underwent MDCT, LGE (late Gd-DTPA-enhanced)-CMR and CA. Patients were classified into four groups according to coronary artery disease (CAD) by CA and LGE-CMR patterns. Patients (n = 24) with CAD and transmural or sub-endocardial DE by CMR were considered having definite ischaemic LVD (group 1). Patients (n = 36) without CAD by CA and with no/atypical LGE-CMR were considered non-ischaemic LVD (group 2). Further we identified four patients with transmural DE but no CAD (group 3) and seven patients with CAD but no DE (group 4). On per-patient basis, combined coronary and DE-MDCT had excellent agreement ($\kappa$ = 0.89; P {\textless} 0.001) with CA/LGE-CMR to classify patients into the same four groups. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MDCT were 97, 92 and 94\%, respectively for detecting patients with definite (group 1) or likely (groups 3 and 4) ischaemic LVD.
Conclusion
Combined coronary and DE-MDCT can accurately differentiate ischaemic vs. non-ischaemic etiology of LVD.},
number = {20},
urldate = {2014-12-19},
journal = {European Heart Journal},
author = {le Polain de Waroux, Jean-Beno{\^i}t and Pouleur, Anne-Catherine and Goffinet, C{\'e}line and Pasquet, Agn{\`e}s and Vanoverschelde, Jean-Louis and Gerber, Bernhard L.},
month = oct,
year = {2008},
pmid = {18762553},
pmcid = {PMC2567022},
pages = {2544--2551},
file = {PubMed Central Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q9MWQUK5/le Polain de Waroux et al. - 2008 - Combined coronary and late-enhanced multidetector-.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{jais_mapping_2000,
title = {Mapping and ablation of left atrial flutters},
volume = {101},
issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539},
url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/25/2928},
doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.101.25.2928},
abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Typical right atrial isthmus{\textendash}dependent flutters have been described in detail, but very little is known about left atrial (LA) flutters.
Methods and Results{\textemdash}We performed conventional and 3D mapping of the LA for 22 patients with atypical flutters. Complete maps in 17 patients demonstrated macroreentrant circuits (n=15) with 1 to 3 loops rotating around the mitral annulus, the pulmonary veins, and a zone of block or a silent area. In 2 patients, a small reentry circuit with a zone of markedly slow conduction was identified. Linear ablation performed across the most accessible part of the circuit cured 16 patients (73\%) with a follow-up of 15{\textpm}7 months.
Conclusions{\textemdash}LA reentrant tachycardias are related to individually varying circuits and are amenable to mapping guided radiofrequency ablation.},
language = {en},
number = {25},
urldate = {2014-08-18},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Ja{\"i}s, Pierre and Shah, Dipen C. and Ha{\"i}ssaguerre, Michel and Hocini, M{\'e}l{\`e}ze and Peng, Jing Tian and Takahashi, Atsushi and Garrigue, St{\'e}phane and Le M{\'e}tayer, Philippe and Cl{\'e}menty, Jacques},
month = jun,
year = {2000},
pmid = {10869265},
keywords = {ablation, atrial flutter, mapping},
pages = {2928--2934},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6FDV95TN/Jais et al. - 2000 - Mapping and Ablation of Left Atrial Flutters.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KKZJCRFQ/2928.html:text/html}
}
@article{de_silva_x-ray_2006,
title = {X-ray fused with magnetic resonance imaging ({XFM}) to target endomyocardial injections: validation in a swine model of myocardial infarction},
volume = {114},
number = {22},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {de Silva, Ranil and Gutierrez, Luis F. and Raval, Amish N. and McVeigh, Elliot R. and Ozturk, Cengizhan and Lederman, Robert J.},
year = {2006},
pages = {2342--2350},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CAAR29AS/Silva Fusion.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{hamada_mechanisms_2002,
title = {Mechanisms for atrial fibrillation in patients with {Wolff}-{Parkinson}-{White} syndrome},
volume = {13},
copyright = {{\textcopyright} Futura Publishing Company, Inc. 2002},
issn = {1540-8167},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x/abstract},
doi = {10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x},
abstract = {Atrial Fibrillation and WPW Syndrome.Introduction: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) frequently occurs in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. To elucidate the mechanisms for PAF, we performed electrophysiologic studies (EPS) before and after ablation of accessory pathways (APs). Methods and Results: We investigated 24 patients with WPW syndrome who had AV reciprocating tachycardia and prior PAF and had undergone successful ablation of APs. Patients in whom atrial fibrillation (AF) was induced by EPS at day 7 after ablation were considered the inducible AF group (n = 14), and patients in whom AF was not induced by EPS at day 7 after ablation were considered the noninducible AF group (n = 10). Fifteen patients with AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) but without PAF who underwent ablation of the slow AV nodal pathways served as the control group (AVNRT group). Maximal atrial conduction delay and conduction delay zone, which are indices of atrial vulnerability, were measured before and after ablation. Before ablation, maximal atrial conduction delay and conduction delay zone were significantly greater (P {\textless} 0.0001 and P {\textless} 0.0001, respectively) in the two WPW syndrome groups than in the AVNRT group, indicating increased atrial vulnerability in WPW syndrome with PAF. After ablation, these parameters did not change in the inducible AF group, whereas they were significantly (P {\textless} 0.0001) decreased in the noninducible AF group and were not different from those in the AVNRT group, indicating normalized atrial vulnerability in the noninducible AF group after ablation. The prospective study demonstrated that PAF recurred only in the inducible AF group during long-term follow-up (17 {\textpm} 7 months). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that there are two mechanisms of PAF in patients with WPW syndrome: one mechanism is reversible and AP-dependent atrial vulnerability, and the other is intrinsic and AP-independent atrial vulnerability.},
language = {en},
number = {3},
urldate = {2015-01-09},
journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology},
author = {Hamada, Takashi and Hiraki, Tatsuro and Ikeda, Hisao and Kubara, Ichiro and Yoshida, Teruhisa and Ohga, Masanobu and Imaizumi, Tsutomu},
year = {2002},
keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Catheter Ablation, Recurrence, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome},
pages = {223--229},
file = {j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UAFTDDF4/j.1540-8167.2002.00223.x.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FKJIW3KC/abstract.html:text/html}
}
@book{boron_medical_2011,
address = {Philadelphia, PA},
edition = {2nd},
title = {Medical {Physiology}},
isbn = {9781437717532},
shorttitle = {Medical {Physiology}},
abstract = {"Highly Commended," Basic and Clinical Sciences Category, British Medical Association 2012 Medical Book CompetitionQuickly review important content using prominent boxes included throughout the text to provide clinical examples of disordered physiology. Master difficult concepts with the use of 800 color drawings that feature balloon captions explaining key processes. Find information easily with the intuitive organization by body system and consistent style. Get up-to-date coverage of physiology with updated text and figures. Access the fully searchable text online at www.StudentConsult.com, along with Webnotes, Image Bank, 150 Self-assessment questions, and 10 physiology animations. Stay current thanks to updated material, including a new chapter on Physiology of Aging and a new section on hemostasis. Gain a clear visual understanding with a revised and updated art program of high-quality, full color line drawings and prominently featured clinical examples. Easily relate molecular and cellular biology to the study of human physiology and disease},
language = {English},
publisher = {Saunders},
editor = {Boron, Walter F. and Boulpaep, Emile L.},
month = dec,
year = {2011}
}
@article{zeek_heart_1924,
title = {Heart weight: {The} weight of the normal human heart},
number = {34},
journal = {Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
author = {Zeek, P. M.},
year = {1924},
pages = {820--832}
}
@article{linte_inside_2009,
title = {Inside the beating heart: {An} in vivo feasibility study on fusing pre- and intra-operative imaging for minimally invasive therapy},
volume = {4},
issn = {1861-6429},
shorttitle = {Inside the beating heart},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033609},
doi = {10.1007/s11548-008-0278-6},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: An interventional system for minimally invasive cardiac surgery was developed for therapy delivery inside the beating heart, in absence of direct vision. METHOD: A system was developed to provide a virtual reality (VR) environment that integrates pre-operative imaging, real-time intra-operative guidance using 2D trans-esophageal ultrasound, and models of the surgical tools tracked using a magnetic tracking system. Detailed 3D dynamic cardiac models were synthesized from high-resolution pre-operative MR data and registered within the intra-operative imaging environment. The feature-based registration technique was employed to fuse pre- and intra-operative data during in vivo intracardiac procedures on porcine subjects. RESULTS: This method was found to be suitable for in vivo applications as it relies on easily identifiable landmarks, and hence, it ensures satisfactory alignment of pre- and intra-operative anatomy in the region of interest (4.8 mm RMS alignment accuracy) within the VR environment. Our initial experience in translating this work to guide intracardiac interventions, such as mitral valve implantation and atrial septal defect repair demonstrated feasibility of the methods. CONCLUSION: Surgical guidance in the absence of direct vision and with no exposure to ionizing radiation was achieved, so our virtual environment constitutes a feasible candidate for performing various off-pump intracardiac interventions.},
number = {2},
urldate = {2010-10-22},
journal = {International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery},
author = {Linte, Cristian A. and Moore, John and Wedlake, Chris and Bainbridge, Daniel and Guiraudon, G{\'e}rard M. and Jones, Douglas L. and Peters, Terry M.},
month = mar,
year = {2009},
pmid = {20033609},
keywords = {Animals, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Disease Models, Animal, Feasibility Studies, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Monitoring, Intraoperative, Preoperative Period, Reproducibility of Results, Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive, Swine, User-Computer Interface},
pages = {113--123},
file = {fulltext.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D8RBVCEU/fulltext.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{murray_hydromorphone_2005,
title = {Hydromorphone},
volume = {29},
issn = {0885-3924 (Print)},
number = {5 Suppl},
journal = {Journal of Pain and Symptom Management},
author = {Murray, A. and Hagen, N. A.},
year = {2005},
keywords = {*Analgesics, Opioid/history/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, *Hydromorphone/history/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, History, 20th Century, Humans, Neoplasms/complications, Pain/drug therapy/etiology, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Substance-Related Disorders},
pages = {S57--66},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5G2I278Q/Murray.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{nattel_new_2002,
title = {New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on},
volume = {415},
copyright = {{\textcopyright} 2002 Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {0028-0836},
url = {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v415/n6868/full/415219a.html},
doi = {10.1038/415219a},
abstract = {Atrial fibrillation is a condition in which control of heart rhythm is taken away from the normal sinus node pacemaker by rapid activity in different areas within the upper chambers (atria) of the heart. This results in rapid and irregular atrial activity and, instead of contracting, the atria only quiver. It is the most common cardiac rhythm disturbance and contributes substantially to cardiac morbidity and mortality. For over 50 years, the prevailing model of atrial fibrillation involved multiple simultaneous re-entrant waves, but in light of new discoveries this hypothesis is now undergoing re-evaluation.},
language = {en},
number = {6868},
urldate = {2014-12-17},
journal = {Nature},
author = {Nattel, Stanley},
month = jan,
year = {2002},
pages = {219--226},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SV8WETXA/Nattel - 2002 - New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/8HAEVNAB/415219a.html:text/html}
}
@article{lederman_contraindication_2006,
title = {A contraindication for internal mammary to coronary bypass},
volume = {92},
number = {1},
journal = {Heart},
author = {Lederman, R. J. and Reiner, J. S.},
year = {2006},
pages = {51--},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2T5VJ7SS/Lederman Contraindication.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{gaynor_surgical_2005,
title = {Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation: {Predictors} of late recurrence},
volume = {129},
issn = {0022-5223},
shorttitle = {Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522304013200},
doi = {10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.042},
abstract = {Objective
The Cox maze procedure was introduced in 1987 for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. This study evaluated the predictors of late atrial fibrillation recurrence in 276 consecutive patients who underwent this procedure at our institution.
Methods
From 1987 through June 2003, 276 patients (79 female and 197 male patients; mean age, 55 {\textpm} 11 years) underwent the Cox maze procedure. Thirty-three patients had Cox maze procedure I, 16 patients had Cox maze procedure II, and 197 patients had Cox maze procedure III. The last 30 patients underwent a modified procedure (Cox maze procedure IV) with bipolar radiofrequency ablation. There were 113 (41\%) patients who had a concomitant operation, most commonly either a mitral valve procedure (19\%) or coronary artery bypass grafting (20\%). Data were analyzed by means of univariate analysis, with preoperative and perioperative variables used as covariates. Patient follow-up was conducted by means of questionnaire, physician examination, and electrocardiographic documentation. All patients had a minimum of 6 months of follow-up.
Results
Patient follow-up was achieved in 92.8\% of cases, with a mean follow-up time of 5.8 {\textpm} 3.6 years. Risk factors for late atrial fibrillation recurrence were duration of preoperative atrial fibrillation (P = .01) and Cox maze procedure version (P = .001). There was no difference in actuarial 10-year survival between the Cox maze procedure versions.
Conclusion
The Cox maze procedure remains the gold standard for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and has excellent long-term efficacy. The most significant predictor of late recurrence was duration of preoperative atrial fibrillation, suggesting that earlier surgical intervention would further increase efficacy.},
number = {1},
urldate = {2014-12-24},
journal = {The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery},
author = {Gaynor, Sydney L. and Schuessler, Richard B. and Bailey, Marci S. and Ishii, Yosuke and Boineau, John P. and Gleva, Marye J. and Cox, James L. and Damiano Jr, Ralph J.},
month = jan,
year = {2005},
pages = {104--111},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THGSCF9T/Gaynor et al. - 2005 - Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation Predict.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QZTJFA6P/S0022522304013200.html:text/html}
}
@article{hlatky_expanding_2008,
title = {Expanding the orbit of primary prevention--moving beyond {JUPITER}},
volume = {359},
issn = {1533-4406 (Electronic)},
number = {21},
journal = {New England Journal of Medicine},
author = {Hlatky, M. A.},
year = {2008},
keywords = {*Primary Prevention, Biological Markers/blood, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Fluorobenzenes/*therapeutic use, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/metabolism, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use, Pyrimidines/*therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/*therapeutic use},
pages = {2280--2},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZRH7G6TU/Hlatky-2008-Expanding the orbit.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{brinkman_transcatheter_2009,
title = {Transcatheter cardiac valve interventions},
volume = {89},
issn = {1558-3171 (Electronic) 0039-6109 (Linking)},
number = {4},
journal = {Surgical Clinics of North America},
author = {Brinkman, W. T. and Mack, M. J.},
year = {2009},
keywords = {*Heart Valve Prosthesis, Heart Catheterization/*methods, Heart Valve Diseases/physiopathology/*surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/*methods, Humans, Prosthesis Design},
pages = {951--966},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MDBBZVT6/transcath-valve.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{nazarian_feasibility_2008,
title = {Feasibility of real-time magnetic resonance imaging for catheter guidance in electrophysiology studies},
volume = {118},
issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic) 0009-7322 (Linking)},
number = {3},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Nazarian, S. and Kolandaivelu, A. and Zviman, M. M. and Meininger, G. R. and Kato, R. and Susil, R. C. and Roguin, A. and Dickfeld, T. L. and Ashikaga, H. and Calkins, H. and Berger, R. D. and Bluemke, D. A. and Lardo, A. C. and Halperin, H. R.},
year = {2008},
keywords = {*Computer Systems, *Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional/adverse effects, Animals, Bundle of His, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Catheterization, Dogs, Echo-Planar Imaging, Electrophysiology/*methods, Feasibility Studies, Heart Atria, Heart Catheterization/adverse effects/instrumentation/*methods, Hot Temperature, Humans},
pages = {223--229},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UTD8IV2T/iCMR-feasibility.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{sousa_new_2005,
title = {New frontiers in interventional cardiology},
volume = {111},
issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539},
url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/111/5/671},
doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.0000153802.70682.22},
language = {en},
number = {5},
urldate = {2014-12-24},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Sousa, J. Eduardo and Costa, Marco A. and Tuzcu, E. Murat and Yadav, Jay S. and Ellis, Stephen},
month = feb,
year = {2005},
pmid = {15699286},
keywords = {angiogenesis, imaging, restenosis, stents, trials},
pages = {671--681},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WSBXX7JD/Sousa et al. - 2005 - New Frontiers in Interventional Cardiology.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AEV8D4PD/671.html:text/html}
}
@article{nillesen_segmentation_2007,
title = {Segmentation of the heart muscle in 3-{D} pediatric echocardiographic images},
volume = {33},
issn = {0301-5629},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301562907001925},
doi = {10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.04.001},
abstract = {This study aimed to show segmentation of the heart muscle in pediatric echocardiographic images as a preprocessing step for tissue analysis. Transthoracic image sequences (2-D and 3-D volume data, both derived in radiofrequency format, directly after beam forming) were registered in real time from four healthy children over three heart cycles. Three preprocessing methods, based on adaptive filtering, were used to reduce the speckle noise for optimizing the distinction between blood and myocardium, while preserving the sharpness of edges between anatomical structures. The filtering kernel size was linked to the local speckle size and the speckle noise characteristics were considered to define the optimal filter in one of the methods. The filtered 2-D images were thresholded automatically as a first step of segmentation of the endocardial wall. The final segmentation step was achieved by applying a deformable contour algorithm. This segmentation of each 2-D image of the 3-D + time (i.e., 4-D) datasets was related to that of the neighboring images in both time and space. By thus incorporating spatial and temporal information of 3-D ultrasound image sequences, an automated method using image statistics was developed to perform 3-D segmentation of the heart muscle. (E-mail: m.m.nillesen@cukz.umcn.nl)},
number = {9},
urldate = {2015-04-17},
journal = {Ultrasound in Medicine \& Biology},
author = {Nillesen, Maartje M. and Lopata, Richard G. P. and Gerrits, Inge H. and Kapusta, Livia and Huisman, Henkjan J. and Thijssen, Johan M. and de Korte, Chris L.},
month = sep,
year = {2007},
keywords = {3-D echocardiography, Adaptive filtering, Deformable contour, image segmentation, Real-time imaging, Speckle, Ultrasound},
pages = {1453--1462},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IEPBN7VR/Nillesen et al. - 2007 - Segmentation of the Heart Muscle in 3-D Pediatric .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PJU7FBXN/S0301562907001925.html:text/html}
}
@article{wouters_structural_2001,
title = {Structural remodeling of atrial myocardium in patients with cardiac valve disease and atrial fibrillation},
volume = {5},
journal = {Experimental \& Clinical Cardiology},
author = {Wouters, L. and Liu, G. S. and Flameng, W. and Thijssen, V. L. and Thone, F. and Borgers, M.},
year = {2001},
pages = {158--163},
file = {5967_wout.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/IG4KXMUD/5967_wout.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{higuchi_cardiac_2014,
title = {Cardiac {MRI} assessment of atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation: {Implications} for diagnosis and therapy},
volume = {100},
issn = {, 1468-201X},
shorttitle = {Cardiac {MRI} assessment of atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation},
url = {http://heart.bmj.com/content/100/7/590},
doi = {10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303884},
language = {en},
number = {7},
urldate = {2014-08-19},
journal = {Heart},
author = {Higuchi, Koji and Akkaya, Mehmet and Akoum, Nazem and Marrouche, Nassir F.},
month = apr,
year = {2014},
pmid = {23619986},
keywords = {CARDIAC FUNCTION},
pages = {590--596},
file = {590.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JHK8P284/590.full.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{lee_study_1915,
title = {A study of the effect of rowing on the heart},
volume = {173},
issn = {0096-6762},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM191509301731403},
doi = {10.1056/NEJM191509301731403},
number = {14},
urldate = {2015-04-27},
journal = {The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal},
author = {Lee, Roger I. and Dodd, Walter J. and Young, Edward L.},
month = sep,
year = {1915},
pages = {499--502},
file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/62ZIKEDQ/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/223RIFGJ/NEJM191509301731403.html:text/html}
}
@article{tscholakoff_occlusive_1986,
title = {Occlusive and reperfused myocardial infarcts: {Effect} of {Gd}-{DTPA} on {ECG}-gated {MR} imaging.},
volume = {160},
issn = {0033-8419},
shorttitle = {Occlusive and reperfused myocardial infarcts},
url = {http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/abs/10.1148/radiology.160.2.3726135},
doi = {10.1148/radiology.160.2.3726135},
abstract = {In vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed to determine the effect of gadolinium-DTPA on MR intensity and relaxation times of occlusive and reperfused acute myocardial infarcts. In 18 dogs the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was ligated. Five hours after LAD artery occlusion, six dogs in group 1 received intravenous Gd-DTPA, 0.5 mmol/kg, and 6 dogs in group 2 received 0.1 mmol/kg. The myocardia of the remaining six dogs (group 3) were reperfused after 1 hour of coronary artery occlusion; these dogs received 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA intravenously 5 hours later. MR imaging was performed before (control) and 5 minutes after Gd-DTPA administration. Intravenous administration of 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA significantly improved contrast between infarcted and normal myocardium on T1-weighted spin echo images in group 3. In all groups, T2-weighted precontrast images provided contrast between infarcted and normal myocardium equivalent or better than that provided by T1-weighted postcontrast images. Thus, Gd-DTPA did not improve contrast between ischemically injured and normal myocardium in the early hours after coronary artery occlusion.},
number = {2},
urldate = {2014-12-18},
journal = {Radiology},
author = {Tscholakoff, D. and Higgins, C. B. and Sechtem, U. and McNamara, M. T.},
month = aug,
year = {1986},
pages = {515--519},
file = {document (2).pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9XP3KUIF/document (2).pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z9G5BKDG/radiology.160.2.html:text/html}
}
@article{kannel_unrecognized_1985,
title = {Unrecognized myocardial infarction and hypertension: {The} {Framingham} {Study}},
volume = {109},
issn = {0002-8703 (Print)},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=3976481},
number = {3 Pt 1},
journal = {American Heart Journal},
author = {Kannel, W. B. and Dannenberg, A. L. and Abbott, R. D.},
year = {1985},
keywords = {Adult, Aged, Electrocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypertension/*complications/drug therapy/physiopathology, Male, Massachusetts, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis/*etiology/physiopathology, Prognosis, Risk},
pages = {581--5}
}
@article{hsu_quantitative_2006,
title = {Quantitative myocardial infarction on delayed enhancement {MRI}. {Part} {II}: {Clinical} application of an automated feature analysis and combined thresholding infarct sizing algorithm},
volume = {23},
issn = {1053-1807 (Print)},
number = {3},
journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
author = {Hsu, L. Y. and Ingkanisorn, W. P. and Kellman, P. and Aletras, A. H. and Arai, A. E.},
year = {2006},
keywords = {Adult, Aged, Algorithms, Contrast Media, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Female, Gadolinium DTPA/diagnostic use, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ methods, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction/ pathology, Observer Variation},
pages = {309--314},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N6AENITZ/Arai MI_MRI2.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{mora_clinical_2009,
title = {The clinical utility of high-sensitivity {C}-reactive protein in cardiovascular disease and the potential implication of {JUPITER} on current practice guidelines},
volume = {55},
issn = {1530-8561 (Electronic)},
number = {2},
journal = {Clinical Chemistry},
author = {Mora, S. and Musunuru, K. and Blumenthal, R. S.},
year = {2009},
keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/*diagnosis/prevention \& control, Cholesterol, LDL/blood, Clinical Trials as Topic, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, dosage/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration \&, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Predictive Value of Tests},
pages = {219--28},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z3CTQN4U/Mora-2009-The clinical utility.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{eikelboom_risk_2011,
title = {Risk of bleeding with 2 doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin in older and younger patients with atrial fibrillation: {An} analysis of the randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulant therapy ({RE}-{LY}) trial},
volume = {123},
issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539},
url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/123/21/2363},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.004747},
abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Dabigatran 150 and 110 mg twice a day and warfarin are effective for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. The purpose of this study was to compare their risks of bleeding in the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy (RE-LY) trial.
Methods and Results{\textemdash}The RE-LY trial randomized 18 113 patients to receive dabigatran 110 or 150 mg twice a day or warfarin dose adjusted to an international normalized ratio of 2.0 to 3.0 for a median follow-up of 2.0 years. Compared with warfarin, dabigatran 110 mg twice a day was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding (2.87\% versus 3.57\%; P=0.002), whereas dabigatran 150 mg twice a day was associated with a similar risk of major bleeding (3.31\% versus 3.57\%; P=0.32). There was a significant treatment-by-age interaction, such that dabigatran 110 mg twice a day compared with warfarin was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding in patients aged {\textless}75 years (1.89\% versus 3.04\%; P{\textless}0.001) and a similar risk in those aged >=75 years (4.43\% versus 4.37\%; P=0.89; P for interaction {\textless}0.001), whereas dabigatran 150 mg twice a day compared with warfarin was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding in those aged {\textless}75 years (2.12\% versus 3.04\%; P{\textless}0.001) and a trend toward higher risk of major bleeding in those aged >=75 years (5.10\% versus 4.37\%; P=0.07; P for interaction {\textless}0.001). The interaction with age was evident for extracranial bleeding, but not for intracranial bleeding, with the risk of the latter being consistently reduced with dabigatran compared with warfarin irrespective of age.
Conclusions{\textemdash}In patients with atrial fibrillation at risk for stroke, both doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin have lower risks of both intracranial and extracranial bleeding in patients aged {\textless}75 years. In those aged >=75 years, intracranial bleeding risk is lower but extracranial bleeding risk is similar or higher with both doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin.
Clinical Trial Registration{\textemdash}http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00262600.},
language = {en},
number = {21},
urldate = {2014-12-22},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Eikelboom, John W. and Wallentin, Lars and Connolly, Stuart J. and Ezekowitz, Mike and Healey, Jeff S. and Oldgren, Jonas and Yang, Sean and Alings, Marco and Kaatz, Scott and Hohnloser, Stefan H. and Diener, Hans-Christoph and Franzosi, Maria Grazia and Huber, Kurt and Reilly, Paul and Varrone, Jeanne and Yusuf, Salim},
month = may,
year = {2011},
pmid = {21576658},
keywords = {anticoagulants, Atrial Fibrillation},
pages = {2363--2372},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4HW6DUZZ/Eikelboom et al. - 2011 - Risk of Bleeding With 2 Doses of Dabigatran Compar.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2ACWHBRP/2363.html:text/html}
}
@book{libby_braunwalds_2008,
address = {Philadelphia, PA},
title = {Braunwald's {Heart} {Disease}: {A} {Textbook} of {Cardiovascular} {Medicine}},
isbn = {978-1-4160-4106-1},
publisher = {Saunders Elsevier},
author = {Libby, Peter and Bonow, Robert O. and Mann, Douglas L. and Zipess, Douglas P.},
year = {2008}
}
@article{bajpai_treatment_2008,
title = {Treatment of atrial fibrillation},
volume = {88},
issn = {0007-1420, 1471-8391},
url = {http://bmb.oxfordjournals.org/content/88/1/75},
doi = {10.1093/bmb/ldn046},
abstract = {Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common, sustained rhythm disturbance. The prevalence of AF is increasing as people live longer. Common conditions such as hypertension and ischaemic heart disease play an important role in the development of AF. The presence of AF is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from stroke and heart failure, particularly in patients with structural heart disease.
Sources of data This article provides evidence-based information on the key aspects of managing AF which is based on major guidelines, landmark clinical trials and meta-analyses.
Areas of agreement It is well recognized that both rate control and rhythm control are important strategies for the management of AF, but each approach should be chosen according to individual patient circumstances. A vast majority of elderly, relatively asymptomatic patients will benefit from ventricular rate control. Embolic stroke remains a major complication of AF. Yet, anticoagulation with warfarin remains underprescribed, especially in the elderly due to the presumed risk of bleeding. The technique of catheter ablation continues to improve and is generally successful in younger patients with relatively normal hearts.
Areas of controversy There are clinically relevant differences among published schemes designed to stratify stroke risk in patients with AF. The CHADS2 score is currently the most simple system to give some initial estimate of stroke risk in AF patients, but could significantly underestimate this risk, particularly in those who fall in the {\textquoteleft}intermediate{\textquoteright} risk category.
Growing points and areas timely for developing research Novel antiarrhythmic agents, including atrial specific agents with improved efficacy and safety profile, are currently under development. New antithrombotic agents with efficacy similar to warfarin which do not require regular INR testing appear to be promising, but there are lack of data about their long-term safety. There is increasing evidence that inflammation and fibrosis may play a major role in the initiation and maintenance of AF. Statins by means of their pleotropic effects and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers by preventing atrial remodelling may prove useful in preventing the development of AF. However, there is insufficient evidence to expand the use of these agents to a wider patient population at risk of AF. It needs to be seen if strategies towards primary and secondary prevention with treatment of underlying heart disease and modification of risk factors have a larger effect than specific interventions in preventing the burden of AF in the general population.},
language = {en},
number = {1},
urldate = {2014-12-10},
journal = {British Medical Bulletin},
author = {Bajpai, Abhay and Savelieva, Irina and Camm, A. John},
month = dec,
year = {2008},
pmid = {19059992},
keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, rate control, rhythm control},
pages = {75--94},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AJAH3ZJ6/Bajpai et al. - 2008 - Treatment of atrial fibrillation.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J663P2ZS/75.html:text/html}
}
@article{freeman_perioperative_2009,
title = {Perioperative cardiovascular assessment of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery},
volume = {84},
issn = {1942-5546 (Electronic) 0025-6196 (Linking)},
number = {1},
journal = {Mayo Clinic Proceedings},
author = {Freeman, W. K. and Gibbons, R. J.},
year = {2009},
keywords = {*Surgical Procedures, Operative, Cardiovascular Diseases/*therapy, Humans, Perioperative Care/*methods, Prognosis, Risk Assessment/methods},
pages = {79--90},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7AA9MDSI/PeriopCVAssess.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{tian_three-dimensional_2010,
title = {Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced multidetector {CT} for anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion characterization of abnormal myocardium to guide ventricular tachycardia ablations},
volume = {3},
issn = {1941-3084},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.109.889311},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Advances in contrast-enhanced multidetector CT enable detailed characterization of the left ventricular myocardium. Myocardial scar and border zone (BZ), as the target of ventricular tachycardia ablations, displays abnormal anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion characteristics during first-pass CT. This study assessed how contrast-enhanced CT can predict voltage-defined scar and BZ and integrate its scar reconstructions into clinical mapping systems to guide ventricular tachycardia ablations.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Eleven patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy underwent contrast-enhanced CT before ventricular tachycardia ablation. Segmental anatomic (end-systolic and end-diastolic wall thickness), dynamic (wall thickening, wall motion), and perfusion (hypoenhancement) characteristics were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic curves assessed the ability of CT to determine voltage-defined scar and BZ segments. Three-dimensional epi- and endocardial surfaces and scar borders were reconstructed, coregistered, and compared to voltages using a 17-segment model. Abnormal anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion data correlated well with abnormal ({\textless}1.5 mV) endocardial voltages (r=0.77). Three-dimensional reconstruction integrated into the clinical mapping system (registration accuracy, 3.31{\textpm}0.52 mm) allowed prediction of homogenous abnormal voltage ({\textless}1.5 mV) in 81.7\% of analyzed segments and correctly displayed transmural extent and intramural scar location. CT hypoperfusion correlated best with scar and BZ areas and encompassed curative ablations in 82\% cases.
CONCLUSIONS: Anatomic, dynamic, and perfusion imaging using contrast-enhanced CT allows characterization of left ventricular anatomy and 3D scar and BZ substrate. Integration of reconstructed 3D data sets into clinical mapping systems supplements information of voltage mapping and may enable new image approaches for substrate-guided ventricular tachycardia ablation.},
language = {eng},
number = {5},
journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology},
author = {Tian, Jing and Jeudy, Jean and Smith, Mark F. and Jimenez, Alejandro and Yin, Xianghua and Bruce, Patricia A. and Lei, Peng and Turgeman, Aharon and Abbo, Aharon and Shekhar, Raj and Saba, Magdi and Shorofsky, Stephen and Dickfeld, Timm},
month = oct,
year = {2010},
pmid = {20657032},
keywords = {Aged, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Catheter Ablation, Contrast Media, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Male, Myocardial Ischemia, Perfusion Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Tomography, X-Ray Computed},
pages = {496--504}
}
@article{xue_high_2013,
title = {High spatial and temporal resolution retrospective cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance from shortened free breathing real-time acquisitions},
volume = {15},
copyright = {2013 Xue et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.},
issn = {1532-429X},
url = {http://jcmr-online.com/content/15/1/102/abstract},
doi = {10.1186/1532-429X-15-102},
abstract = {PMID: 24228930},
language = {en},
number = {1},
urldate = {2015-04-25},
journal = {Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance},
author = {Xue, Hui and Kellman, Peter and LaRocca, Gina and Arai, Andrew E. and Hansen, Michael S.},
month = nov,
year = {2013},
pmid = {24228930},
keywords = {cardiac mri, Motion correction, Myocardial function, Real-time imaging, Retrospective reconstruction},
pages = {102},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MH22XVUD/Xue et al. - 2013 - High spatial and temporal resolution retrospective.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/UDJUHMN6/102.html:text/html}
}
@article{markwood_design_2001,
title = {Design and rationale of the {ARBITER} trial ({Arterial} {Biology} for the {Investigation} of the {Treatment} {Effects} of {Reducing} {Cholesterol})--a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid artery intima-media thickness},
volume = {141},
issn = {0002-8703 (Print)},
number = {3},
journal = {American Heart Journal},
author = {Markwood, T. T. and Kent, S. M. and Coyle, L. C. and Flaherty, P. J. and O'Malley, P. G. and Taylor, A. J.},
year = {2001},
keywords = {Carotid Artery, Common/drug effects/*pathology, Cholesterol, LDL/analysis, Coronary Disease/drug therapy/*pathology, Heptanoic Acids/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Pravastatin/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Pyrroles/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design, Tunica Intima/drug effects/*pathology, Tunica Media/drug effects/*pathology},
pages = {342--7},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZW7DSUI8/Markwood01.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{saw_percutaneous_2014,
title = {Percutaneous left atrial appendage~closure: {Procedural} techniques and putcomes},
volume = {7},
issn = {1936-8798},
shorttitle = {Percutaneous {Left} {Atrial} {Appendage}~{Closure}},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936879814012382},
doi = {10.1016/j.jcin.2014.05.026},
abstract = {Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure technology for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation has significantly advanced in the past 2 decades. Several devices are under clinical investigation, and a few have already received Conformit{\'e} Europ{\'e}ene (CE)-mark approval and are available in many countries. The WATCHMAN device (Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts) has the~most supportive data and is under evaluation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for warfarin-eligible patients. The Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (St. Jude Medical, Plymouth, Minnesota) has a large real-world experience over the past 5 years, and a randomized trial comparing Amplatzer Cardiac Plug with the WATCHMAN device is anticipated in the near future. The Lariat procedure (SentreHEART Inc., Redwood City, California) has also gained interest lately, but early studies were concerning for high rates of serious pericardial effusion and major bleeding. The current real-world experience predominantly involves patients who are not long-term anticoagulation candidates or who are perceived to have high bleeding risks. This pattern of practice is expected to change when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves the WATCHMAN device for warfarin-eligible patients. This paper reviews in depth the procedural techniques, safety, and outcomes of the current leading devices.},
number = {11},
urldate = {2014-12-24},
journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions},
author = {Saw, Jacqueline and Lempereur, Mathieu},
month = nov,
year = {2014},
keywords = {Amplatzer Cardiac Plug, Amulet, Lariat, left atrial appendage closure, WATCHMAN},
pages = {1205--1220},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AT5JZTKE/Saw and Lempereur - 2014 - Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage~Closure Proced.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VFVX3PQN/S1936879814012382.html:text/html}
}
@article{houston_hierarchical_2006,
title = {Hierarchical {RLE} level set: {A} compact and versatile deformable surface representation},
volume = {25},
issn = {0730-0301},
shorttitle = {Hierarchical {RLE} {Level} {Set}},
url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1122501.1122508},
doi = {10.1145/1122501.1122508},
abstract = {This article introduces the Hierarchical Run-Length Encoded (H-RLE) Level Set data structure. This novel data structure combines the best features of the DT-Grid (of Nielsen and Museth [2004]) and the RLE Sparse Level Set (of Houston et al. [2004]) to provide both optimal efficiency and extreme versatility. In brief, the H-RLE level set employs an RLE in a dimensionally recursive fashion. The RLE scheme allows the compact storage of sequential nonnarrowband regions while the dimensionally recursive encoding along each axis efficiently compacts nonnarrowband planes and volumes. Consequently, this new structure can store and process level sets with effective voxel resolutions exceeding 5000 {\texttimes} 3000 {\texttimes} 3000 (45 billion voxels) on commodity PCs with only 1 GB of memory. This article, besides introducing the H-RLE level set data structure and its efficient core algorithms, also describes numerous applications that have benefited from our use of this structure: our unified implicit object representation, efficient and robust mesh to level set conversion, rapid ray tracing, level set metamorphosis, collision detection, and fully sparse fluid simulation (including RLE vector and matrix representations.) Our comparisons of the popular octree level set and Peng level set structures to the H-RLE level set indicate that the latter is superior in both narrowband sequential access speed and overall memory usage.},
number = {1},
urldate = {2015-04-27},
journal = {ACM Trans. Graph.},
author = {Houston, Ben and Nielsen, Michael B. and Batty, Christopher and Nilsson, Ola and Museth, Ken},
month = jan,
year = {2006},
keywords = {adaptive distance fields, computational fluid dynamics, deformable surfaces, geometric modeling, implicit surfaces, Level set methods, mesh scan conversion, morphology, Shape},
pages = {151--175},
file = {ACM Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/V96XH6XF/Houston et al. - 2006 - Hierarchical RLE Level Set A Compact and Versatil.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{heimann_statistical_2009,
title = {Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segmentation: {A} review},
volume = {13},
issn = {1361-8415},
shorttitle = {Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segmentation},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361841509000425},
doi = {10.1016/j.media.2009.05.004},
abstract = {Statistical shape models (SSMs) have by now been firmly established as a robust tool for segmentation of medical images. While 2D models have been in use since the early 1990s, wide-spread utilization of three-dimensional models appeared only in recent years, primarily made possible by breakthroughs in automatic detection of shape correspondences. In this article, we review the techniques required to create and employ these 3D SSMs. While we concentrate on landmark-based shape representations and thoroughly examine the most popular variants of Active Shape and Active Appearance models, we also describe several alternative approaches to statistical shape modeling. Structured into the topics of shape representation, model construction, shape correspondence, local appearance models and search algorithms, we present an overview of the current state of the art in the field. We conclude with a survey of applications in the medical field and a discussion of future developments.},
number = {4},
urldate = {2011-11-20},
journal = {Medical Image Analysis},
author = {Heimann, Tobias and Meinzer, Hans-Peter},
month = aug,
year = {2009},
keywords = {Active Appearance model, Active Shape model, Deformable surface, Statistical shape model},
pages = {543--563},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CR2J4IM7/Heimann and Meinzer - 2009 - Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segm.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VZBZR2EZ/S1361841509000425.html:text/html}
}
@article{mcgann_atrial_2014,
title = {Atrial fibrillation ablation outcome is predicted by left atrial remodeling on {MRI}},
volume = {7},
issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084},
url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/7/1/23},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000689},
abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Although catheter ablation therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) is becoming more common, results vary widely, and patient selection criteria remain poorly defined. We hypothesized that late gadolinium enhancement MRI (LGE-MRI) can identify left atrial (LA) wall structural remodeling (SRM) and stratify patients who are likely or not to benefit from ablation therapy.
Methods and Results{\textemdash}LGE-MRI was performed on 426 consecutive patients with AF without contraindications to MRI before undergoing their first ablation procedure and on 21 non-AF control subjects. Patients were categorized by SRM stage (I{\textendash}IV) based on the percentage of LA wall enhancement for correlation with procedure outcomes. Histological validation of SRM was performed comparing LGE-MRI with surgical biopsy. A total of 386 patients (91\%) with adequate LGE-MRI scans were included in the study. After ablation, 123 patients (31.9\%) experienced recurrent atrial arrhythmias during the 1-year follow-up. Recurrent arrhythmias (failed ablations) occurred at higher SRM stages with 28 of 133 (21.0\%) in stage I, 40 of 140 (29.3\%) in stage II, 24 of 71 (33.8\%) in stage III, and 30 of 42 (71.4\%) in stage IV. In multivariate analysis, ablation outcome was best predicted by advanced SRM stage (hazard ratio, 4.89; P{\textless}0.0001) and diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio, 1.64; P=0.036), whereas increased LA volume and persistent AF were not significant predictors. LA wall enhancement was significantly greater in patients with AF versus non-AF controls (16.6{\textpm}11.2\% versus 3.1{\textpm}1.9\%; P{\textless}0.0001). Histological evidence of remodeling from surgical biopsy specimens correlated with SRM on LGE-MRI.
Conclusions{\textemdash}Atrial SRM is identified on LGE-MRI, and extensive LGE (>=30\% LA wall enhancement) predicts poor response to catheter ablation therapy for AF.},
language = {en},
number = {1},
urldate = {2014-08-22},
journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology},
author = {McGann, Christopher and Akoum, Nazem and Patel, Amit and Kholmovski, Eugene and Revelo, Patricia and Damal, Kavitha and Wilson, Brent and Cates, Josh and Harrison, Alexis and Ranjan, Ravi and Burgon, Nathan S. and Greene, Tom and Kim, Dan and DiBella, Edward V. R. and Parker, Dennis and MacLeod, Rob S. and Marrouche, Nassir F.},
month = feb,
year = {2014},
pmid = {24363354},
keywords = {atrial remodeling, Catheter Ablation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
pages = {23--30},
file = {23.full.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/6BTHPXQ2/23.full.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9I2GN3IE/23.html:text/html}
}
@article{shaw_constructing_2015,
title = {Constructing rich false memories of committing crime},
issn = {0956-7976, 1467-9280},
url = {http://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/01/14/0956797614562862},
doi = {10.1177/0956797614562862},
abstract = {Memory researchers long have speculated that certain tactics may lead people to recall crimes that never occurred, and thus could potentially lead to false confessions. This is the first study to provide evidence suggesting that full episodic false memories of committing crime can be generated in a controlled experimental setting. With suggestive memory-retrieval techniques, participants were induced to generate criminal and noncriminal emotional false memories, and we compared these false memories with true memories of emotional events. After three interviews, 70\% of participants were classified as having false memories of committing a crime (theft, assault, or assault with a weapon) that led to police contact in early adolescence and volunteered a detailed false account. These reported false memories of crime were similar to false memories of noncriminal events and to true memory accounts, having the same kinds of complex descriptive and multisensory components. It appears that in the context of a highly suggestive interview, people can quite readily generate rich false memories of committing crime.},
language = {en},
urldate = {2015-01-18},
journal = {Psychological Science},
author = {Shaw, Julia and Porter, Stephen},
month = jan,
year = {2015},
keywords = {adolescent delinquency, episodic memory, false memory, legal confession},
pages = {0956797614562862},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JX8CANUK/Shaw and Porter - 2015 - Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Cri.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M8VMA9NG/Shaw and Porter - 2015 - Constructing Rich False Memories of Committing Cri.html:text/html}
}
@article{hanel_maximal_2003,
title = {Maximal rowing has an acute effect on the blood-gas barrier in elite athletes},
volume = {95},
copyright = {Copyright {\textcopyright} 2003 the American Physiological Society},
issn = {8750-7587, 1522-1601},
url = {http://jap.physiology.org/content/95/3/1076},
doi = {10.1152/japplphysiol.00082.2002},
abstract = {The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of maximal exercise on the integrity of the alveolar epithelial membrane using the clearance rate of aerosolized 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid as an index for the permeability of the lung blood-gas barrier. Ten elite rowers (24.3 {\textpm} 4.6 yr of age) completed two 20-min pulmonary clearance measurements immediately after and 2 h after 6 min of all-out rowing (initial and late, respectively). All subjects participated in resting control measurements on a separate day. For each 20-min measurement, lung clearance was calculated for 0-7 and 10-20 min. Furthermore, scintigrams were processed from the initial and late measurements of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid clearance. Compared with control levels, the pulmonary clearance measurement after rowing was increased from 1.2 {\textpm} 0.5 to 2.4 {\textpm} 1.0\%/min (SD) at 0-7 min (P {\textless} 0.01) and from 0.8 {\textpm} 0.3 to 1.5 {\textpm} 0.4\%/min at 10-20 min (P {\textless} 0.0005), returning to resting levels within 2 h. In 6 of 10 subjects, ventilation distribution on the lung scintigrams was inhomogeneous at the initial measurement. The study demonstrates an acute increased pulmonary clearance after maximal rowing. The ventilation defects identified on the lung scintigrams may represent transient interstitial edema secondary to increased blood-gas barrier permeability induced by mechanical stress.},
language = {en},
number = {3},
urldate = {2014-12-08},
journal = {Journal of Applied Physiology},
author = {Hanel, Birgitte and Law, Ian and Mortensen, Jann},
month = sep,
year = {2003},
pmid = {12716865},
note = {The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of maximal exercise on the integrity of the alveolar epithelial membrane using the clearance rate of aerosolized 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid as an index for the permeability of the lung blood-gas barrier. Ten elite rowers (24.3 {\textpm} 4.6 yr of age) completed two 20-min pulmonary clearance measurements immediately after and 2 h after 6 min of all-out rowing (initial and late, respectively). All subjects participated in resting control measurements on a separate day. For each 20-min measurement, lung clearance was calculated for 0-7 and 10-20 min. Furthermore, scintigrams were processed from the initial and late measurements of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid clearance. Compared with control levels, the pulmonary clearance measurement after rowing was increased from 1.2 {\textpm} 0.5 to 2.4 {\textpm} 1.0\%/min (SD) at 0-7 min ( P {\textless} 0.01) and from 0.8 {\textpm} 0.3 to 1.5 {\textpm} 0.4\%/min at 10-20 min ( P {\textless} 0.0005), returning to resting levels within 2 h. In 6 of 10 subjects, ventilation distribution on the lung scintigrams was inhomogeneous at the initial measurement. The study demonstrates an acute increased pulmonary clearance after maximal rowing. The ventilation defects identified on the lung scintigrams may represent transient interstitial edema secondary to increased blood-gas barrier permeability induced by mechanical stress.},
pages = {1076--1082},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/47C3BBKX/Hanel et al. - 2003 - Maximal rowing has an acute effect on the blood-ga.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TNZIBCH4/1076.html:text/html}
}
@article{niu_prevalence_2007,
title = {Prevalence of dyssynchrony derived from echocardiographic criteria in heart failure patients with normal or prolonged {QRS} duration},
volume = {24},
issn = {1540-8175},
number = {4},
journal = {Echocardiography},
author = {Niu, Hongxia and Hua, Wei and Zhang, Shu and Sun, Xin and Wang, Fangzheng and Chen, Keping and Chen, Xin},
year = {2007},
pages = {348--352},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CDXAAHF7/Niu Dyssynchrony.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{chen_coupled_2006,
title = {A coupled minimization problem for medical image segmentation with priors},
volume = {71},
issn = {0920-5691, 1573-1405},
url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-006-8524-2},
doi = {10.1007/s11263-006-8524-2},
abstract = {We present a coupled minimization problem for image segmentation using prior shape and intensity profile. One part of the model minimizes a shape related energy and the energy of geometric active contour with a parameter that balances the influence from these two. The minimizer corresponding to a fixed parameter in this minimization gives a segmentation and an alignment between the segmentation and prior shape. The second part of this model optimizes the selection of the parameter by maximizing the mutual information of image geometry between the prior and the aligned novel image over all the alignments corresponding to different parameters in the first part. By this coupling the segmentation arrives at higher image gradient, forms a shape similar to the prior, and captures the prior intensity profile. We also propose using mutual information of image geometry to generate intensity model from a set of training images. Experimental results on cardiac ultrasound images are presented. These results indicate that the proposed model provides close agreement with expert traced borders, and the parameter determined in this model for one image can be used for images with similar properties.},
language = {en},
number = {3},
urldate = {2015-04-28},
journal = {International Journal of Computer Vision},
author = {Chen, Yunmei and Huang, Feng and Tagare, Hemant D. and Rao, Murali},
month = jun,
year = {2006},
keywords = {Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics), Computer Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, intensity prior, mutual information of image geometry, Pattern Recognition, registration, Segmentation, shape prior, variational method},
pages = {259--272},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/B9BPKKZ7/Chen et al. - 2006 - A Coupled Minimization Problem for Medical Image S.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QQVAZ4VC/10.html:text/html}
}
@article{radon_uber_1917,
title = {{\"U}ber die {Bestimmung} von {Funktionen} durch ihre {Integralwerte} l{\"a}ngs gewisser {Mannigfaltigkeiten}},
volume = {69},
journal = {Akademie der Wissenschaften},
author = {Radon, Johann},
year = {1917},
pages = {262--277},
file = {Radon_Deutsch_1917.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RMWSGXEX/Radon_Deutsch_1917.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{james_coronary_1971,
title = {Coronary circulation in acute myocardial infarction},
volume = {33},
issn = {0007-0769 (Print)},
journal = {British Heart Journal},
author = {James, T. N.},
year = {1971},
keywords = {Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology, Collateral Circulation, Coronary Vessels/anatomy \& histology/*physiopathology, Heart Conduction System/blood supply, Heart Septum/blood supply, Humans, Myocardial Infarction/*physiopathology, Sinoatrial Node/blood supply},
pages = {Suppl:138--44},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/ZUG3J96D/brheartj00311-0142.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{besl_method_1992,
title = {A method for registration of 3-{D} shapes},
volume = {14},
issn = {0162-8828},
doi = {10.1109/34.121791},
abstract = {The authors describe a general-purpose, representation-independent method for the accurate and computationally efficient registration of 3-D shapes including free-form curves and surfaces. The method handles the full six degrees of freedom and is based on the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, which requires only a procedure to find the closest point on a geometric entity to a given point. The ICP algorithm always converges monotonically to the nearest local minimum of a mean-square distance metric, and the rate of convergence is rapid during the first few iterations. Therefore, given an adequate set of initial rotations and translations for a particular class of objects with a certain level of `shape complexity', one can globally minimize the mean-square distance metric over all six degrees of freedom by testing each initial registration. One important application of this method is to register sensed data from unfixtured rigid objects with an ideal geometric model, prior to shape inspection. Experimental results show the capabilities of the registration algorithm on point sets, curves, and surfaces},
number = {2},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence},
author = {Besl, P. J. and McKay, Neil D.},
month = feb,
year = {1992},
keywords = {3D shape registration, computational geometry, convergence, convergence of numerical methods, geometric entity, geometric model, Inspection, Iterative algorithms, iterative closest point, Iterative closest point algorithm, iterative methods, mean-square distance metric, motion estimation, optimisation, Pattern Recognition, picture processing, point set registration, Quaternions, Shape measurement, Solid modeling, Testing},
pages = {239--256},
file = {00121791.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q3PSHHCT/00121791.pdf:application/pdf;IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5TTG656B/abs_all.html:text/html}
}
@article{matsumura_non-invasive_2005,
title = {Non-invasive assessment of myocardial ischaemia using new real-time three-dimensional dobutamine stress echocardiography: {Comparison} with conventional two-dimensional methods},
volume = {26},
number = {16},
journal = {European Heart Journal},
author = {Matsumura, Yoshiki and Hozumi, Takeshi and Arai, Kotaro and Sugioka, Kenichi and Ujino, Keiji and Takemoto, Yasuhiko and Yamagishi, Hiroyuki and Yoshiyama, Minoru and Yoshikawa, Junichi},
year = {2005},
pages = {1625--1632},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TK7F7SJM/Matsumura 3dStressEcho.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{gartlehner_comparative_2008,
title = {Comparative benefits and harms of second-generation antidepressants: background paper for the {American} {College} of {Physicians}},
volume = {149},
issn = {1539-3704 (Electronic)},
number = {10},
journal = {Annals of Internal Medicine},
author = {Gartlehner, G. and Gaynes, B. N. and Hansen, R. A. and Thieda, P. and DeVeaugh-Geiss, A. and Krebs, E. E. and Moore, C. G. and Morgan, L. and Lohr, K. N.},
year = {2008},
keywords = {Adult, Age Factors, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects/ therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder/complications/ drug therapy/ethnology, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Male, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Remission Induction, Sex Factors},
pages = {734--50},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MFSBWRDB/Gartlehner-2008-Comparative benefits.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@phdthesis{nash_non-cooperative_1950,
address = {Princeton, NJ},
type = {{PhD}},
title = {Non-{Cooperative} {Games}},
language = {English},
school = {Princeton},
author = {Nash, John},
month = may,
year = {1950},
file = {Non-Cooperative_Games_Nash.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DBXFKQFE/Non-Cooperative_Games_Nash.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{chang_safety_2006,
title = {Safety and efficacy of hydromorphone as an analgesic alternative to morphine in acute pain: a randomized clinical trial},
volume = {48},
issn = {1097-6760 (Electronic)},
number = {2},
journal = {Annals of Emergency Medicine},
author = {Chang, A. K. and Bijur, P. E. and Meyer, R. H. and Kenny, M. K. and Solorzano, C. and Gallagher, E. J.},
year = {2006},
keywords = {Adult, Aged, Analgesics, Opioid/administration \& dosage/*therapeutic use, Antiemetics/therapeutic use, Double-Blind Method, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Hydromorphone/administration \& dosage/*therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Morphine/therapeutic use, Pain Measurement, Pain/*prevention \& control, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome},
pages = {164--72},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PCPD9XBV/Chang.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{hsu_fully_2001,
title = {Fully automatic 3D feature-based registration of multi-modality medical images},
volume = {19},
issn = {0262-8856},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262885600000585},
doi = {10.1016/S0262-8856(00)00058-5},
abstract = {In this paper, we present an automated multi-modality registration algorithm based on hierarchical feature extraction. The approach, which has not been used previously, can be divided into two distinct stages: feature extraction (edge detection, surface extraction), and geometric matching. Two kinds of corresponding features {\textemdash} edge and surface {\textemdash} are extracted hierarchically from various image modalities. The registration then is performed using least-squares matching of the automatically extracted features. Both the robustness and accuracy of feature extraction and geometric matching steps are evaluated using simulated and patient images. The preliminary results show the error is on the average of one voxel. We have shown the proposed 3D registration algorithm provides a simple and fast method for automatic registering of MR-to-CT and MR-to-PET image modalities. Our results are comparable to other techniques and require no user interaction.},
urldate = {2012-09-18},
journal = {Image and Vision Computing},
author = {Hsu, L.-Y. and Loew, M. H.},
month = jan,
year = {2001},
keywords = {Evaluation, image registration, Multi-modality},
pages = {75--85},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J2GQBK5Q/Hsu and Loew - 2001 - Fully automatic 3D feature-based registration of m.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/R7ADD2EM/Hsu and Loew - 2001 - Fully automatic 3D feature-based registration of m.html:text/html}
}
@article{sandset_combined_2014,
title = {Combined oral contraceptives increase risk of venous thrombosis according to oestrogen dose and type of progestogen},
volume = {19},
issn = {, 1473-6810},
url = {http://ebm.bmj.com/content/19/5/194},
doi = {10.1136/ebmed-2014-110011},
language = {en},
number = {5},
urldate = {2014-10-16},
journal = {Evidence Based Medicine},
author = {Sandset, Per Morten},
month = oct,
year = {2014},
pmid = {24948124},
keywords = {EPIDEMIOLOGY},
pages = {194--194},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9TJX5TEI/Sandset - 2014 - Combined oral contraceptives increase risk of veno.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CP59RX2M/194.html:text/html}
}
@incollection{evans_chi_2000,
address = {New York},
edition = {3rd},
title = {Chi distribution},
isbn = {9780471371243},
abstract = {From the reviews:"Concise and useful summaries of the salient facts and formulas relating to [various] distributions." -Journal of the American Statistical Association"A worthwhile reference." -Journal of Quality TechnologySince the previous edition of this popular guide to the most commonly used statistical distributions was published in 1993, statistical methods have found many new applications in science, medicine, engineering, business/finance, and the social sciences. To keep pace with these developments and to highlight the growing influence of statistical software and data management techniques, this new edition is now thoroughly updated and revised. Through clear, concise, easy-to-follow presentations, the authors discuss the key facts and formulas for 40 major probability distributions, fine-tune all existing material, and continue to offer ready access to vital information gleaned from hard-to-find places across the literature. Highly useful both as an introduction to basic principles and as a quick reference guide, Statistical Distributions, Third Edition:* Presents the 40 distributions in alphabetical order* Provides all key formulas for each distribution* Adds a new chapter on the Empirical Distribution Function* Expands the Weibull Distribution to cover the 3 and 5 parameter versions* Incorporates diagrams and tables illustrating the characteristics of each distribution* Discusses the types of application for which distributions are used* Features references to relevant software packages},
language = {English},
booktitle = {Statistical {Distributions}},
publisher = {Wiley-Interscience},
author = {Evans, Merran and Hastings, Nicholas and Peacock, Brian},
month = jun,
year = {2000},
pages = {57}
}
@book{townsend_coronary_2012,
address = {London},
title = {Coronary {Heart} {Disease} {Statistics} 2012 {Edition}},
isbn = {978-1-899088-12-6},
language = {English},
publisher = {British Heart Foundation},
author = {Townsend, Nick and Wickramasinghe, Kremlin and Bhatnagar, Prachi and Smolina, Kate and Nichols, Mel and Leal, Jose and Luengo-Fernandez, Ramon and Rayner, Mike},
editor = {Weissberg, Peter},
month = oct,
year = {2012},
file = {2012_chd_statistics_compendium.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JUBIK4SE/2012_chd_statistics_compendium.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@book{silverthorn_human_2012,
address = {Boston},
edition = {6th},
title = {Human {Physiology}: {An} {Integrated} {Approach}},
isbn = {9780321750075},
shorttitle = {Human {Physiology}},
abstract = {Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach broke ground with its thorough coverage of molecular physiology seamlessly integrated into a traditional homeostasis-based systems approach. The newly revised Sixth Edition introduces a major reorganization of the early chapters to provide the best foundation for the course and new art features that streamline review and essential topics so that students can access them more easily on an as-needed basis. ~ Recognized as an extraordinary educator and active learning enthusiast, Dr. Silverthorn incorporates time-tested classroom techniques throughout the book and presents thorough, up-to-date coverage of new scientific discoveries, biotechnology techniques, and treatments of disorders.~Dr. Silverthorn also co-authored the accompanying Student Workbook and Instructor Manual, ensuring that these ancillaries reinforce the pedagogical approach of the book. This package contains: Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach, Sixth Edition},
language = {English},
publisher = {Pearson},
author = {Silverthorn, Dee Unglaub},
month = feb,
year = {2012}
}
@article{davidson_treatment_2006,
title = {Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with venlafaxine extended release: a 6-month randomized controlled trial},
volume = {63},
issn = {0003-990X (Print)},
number = {10},
journal = {Archives of General Psychiatry},
author = {Davidson, J. and Baldwin, D. and Stein, D. J. and Kuper, E. and Benattia, I. and Ahmed, S. and Pedersen, R. and Musgnung, J.},
year = {2006},
keywords = {Adult, Ambulatory Care, Cyclohexanols/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Delayed-Action Preparations, Dizziness/chemically induced, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Headache/chemically induced, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nausea/chemically induced, Placebos, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics \& numerical data, Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*drug therapy/psychology, Treatment Outcome},
pages = {1158--65},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DEV4S33X/Davidson-2006-Treatment of posttra.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{mcleod_irinotecan_2004,
title = {Irinotecan pharmacogenetics: {Is} it time to intervene?},
volume = {22},
issn = {0732-183X (Print)},
number = {8},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Oncology},
author = {McLeod, H. L. and Watters, J. W.},
year = {2004},
keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*adverse effects, Camptothecin/*adverse effects/*analogs \& derivatives, DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/antagonists \& inhibitors, Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology, Genotype, Glucuronosyltransferase/*genetics, Humans, Neutropenia/*chemically induced, Risk},
pages = {1356--9},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/M3FIW6BB/McLeod-2004-Irinotecan pharmacog.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{biermann_intracardiac_2012,
title = {Intracardiac echocardiography during catheter-based ablation of atrial fibrillation},
volume = {2012, Article ID 921746},
issn = {2090-8016},
url = {http://www.hindawi.com/journals/crp/2012/921746/abs/},
doi = {10.1155/2012/921746},
abstract = {Accurate delineation of the variable left atrial anatomy is of utmost importance during anatomically based ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation targeting the pulmonary veins and possibly other structures of the atria. Intracardiac echocardiography allows real-time visualisation of the left atrium and adjacent structures and thus facilitates precise guidance of catheter-based ablation of atrial fibrillation. In patients with abnormal anatomy of the atria and/or the interatrial septum, intracardiac ultrasound might be especially valuable to guide transseptal access. Software algorithms like CARTOSound (Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, USA) offer the opportunity to reconstruct multiple two-dimensional ultrasound fans generated by intracardiac echocardiography to a three-dimensional object which can be merged to a computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction of the left atrium. Intracardiac ultrasound reduces dwell time of catheters in the left atrium, fluoroscopy, and procedural time and is invaluable concerning early identification of potential adverse events. The application of intracardiac echocardiography has the great capability to improve success rates of catheter-based ablation procedures.},
language = {en},
urldate = {2014-12-21},
journal = {Cardiology Research and Practice},
author = {Biermann, J{\"u}rgen and Bode, Christoph and Asbach, Stefan},
month = may,
year = {2012},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/2FV5JN38/Biermann et al. - 2012 - Intracardiac Echocardiography during Catheter-Base.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/N9ICKC8K/921746.html:application/xhtml+xml}
}
@article{sanfilippo_atrial_1990,
title = {Atrial enlargement as a consequence of atrial fibrillation: {A} prospective echocardiographic study},
volume = {82},
issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539},
url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/82/3/792},
doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.82.3.792},
abstract = {To test the hypothesis that atrial enlargement can develop as a consequence of atrial fibrillation, left and right atrial dimensions were measured echocardiographically at two different time points in patients with atrial fibrillation. Patients were selected who initially had normal atrial sizes and who had no evidence of significant structural or functional cardiac abnormalities other than atrial fibrillation either by history or two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Fifteen patients were studied (12 men and three women; mean age, 67.3 years). Average time between studies was 20.6 months. Three orthogonal left atrial dimensions and two right atrial dimensions were measured, and all were found to increase significantly between studies. Also, highly significant increases in calculated left atrial volume (from 45.2 to 64.1 cm3, p less than 0.001) and right atrial volume (from 49.2 to 66.2 cm3, p less than 0.001) were observed. The relative extents of left and right atrial volume increase did not differ, and left ventricular size did not change significantly between studies. These results indicate that atrial enlargement can occur as a consequence of atrial fibrillation. The maintenance of sinus rhythm, therefore, may prevent atrial enlargement and its adverse clinical effects.},
language = {en},
number = {3},
urldate = {2014-12-22},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Sanfilippo, A. J. and Abascal, V. M. and Sheehan, M. and Oertel, L. B. and Harrigan, P. and Hughes, R. A. and Weyman, A. E.},
month = sep,
year = {1990},
pmid = {2144217},
pages = {792--797},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QECTMWPU/Sanfilippo et al. - 1990 - Atrial enlargement as a consequence of atrial fibr.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/D2CPQQ6N/792.html:text/html}
}
@article{linte_virtual_2008,
title = {Virtual reality-enhanced ultrasound guidance: {A} novel technique for intracardiac interventions},
volume = {13},
issn = {1092-9088},
shorttitle = {Virtual reality-enhanced ultrasound guidance},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18317957},
doi = {10.3109/10929080801951160},
abstract = {Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, although a highly invasive interventional approach leading to numerous complications, is still the most common therapy option for treating many forms of cardiac disease. We are currently engaged in a project designed to replace many bypass surgeries with less traumatic, minimally invasive intracardiac therapies. This project combines real-time intra-operative echocardiography with a virtual reality environment providing the surgeon with a broad range of valuable information. Pre-operative images, electrophysiological data, positions of magnetically tracked surgical instruments, and dynamic surgical target representations are among the data that can be presented to the surgeon to augment intra-operative ultrasound images. This augmented reality system is applicable to procedures such as mitral valve replacement and atrial septal defect repair, as well as ablation therapies for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Our goal is to develop a robust augmented reality system that will improve the efficacy of intracardiac treatments and broaden the range of cardiac surgeries that can be performed in a minimally invasive manner. This paper provides an overview of our interventional system and specific experiments that assess its pre-clinical performance.},
number = {2},
urldate = {2010-10-22},
journal = {Computer Aided Surgery},
author = {Linte, Cristian A. and Moore, John and Wiles, Andrew D. and Wedlake, Chris and Peters, Terry M.},
month = mar,
year = {2008},
pmid = {18317957},
keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Electrocardiography, Equipment Design, Heart Diseases, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mitral Valve, Phantoms, Imaging, Software, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, User-Computer Interface},
pages = {82--94},
file = {10929080801951160.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TH4RBNBM/10929080801951160.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@misc{wikimedia_commons_human_2011,
title = {Human body, front and side},
copyright = {Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue},
shorttitle = {English},
url = {http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_body_front_and_side.svg},
urldate = {2015-01-08},
author = {{Wikimedia Commons}},
month = jun,
year = {2011},
biboverride = {Wikimedia Commons, \newblock ``{H}uman body, front and side'' [image]. \newblock Accessed 7 Jan 2014: \verb!http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/! \verb!File:Human_body_front_and_side.svg!, under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.},
file = {Wikimedia Image:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KPPR2UH3/Nanoxyde - 2011 - English Human body, front and side.:;Wikimedia Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Q76F2FQ9/Nanoxyde - 2011 - English Human body, front and side..html:text/html}
}
@article{finlay_randomised_2012,
title = {A randomised comparison of {CartoMerge} vs. {NavX} fusion in the catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: {The} {CAVERN} {Trial}},
volume = {33},
issn = {1383-875X, 1572-8595},
shorttitle = {A randomised comparison of {Cartomerge} vs. {NavX} fusion in the catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation},
url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10840-011-9632-7},
doi = {10.1007/s10840-011-9632-7},
abstract = {Purpose Integration of a 3D reconstruction of the left atrium into cardiac mapping systems can aid catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). The two most widely used systems are NavX Fusion and Cartomerge. We aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of these systems in a randomised trial. Methods Patients undergoing their first ablation were randomised to mapping using either NavX fusion or CartoMerge. Pulmonary vein isolation by wide area circumferential ablation was performed for paroxysmal AF with additional linear and fractionated potential ablation for persistent AF. Seven-day Holter monitoring was used for confirmation of sinus rhythm maintenance at 6 months. Results Ninety-seven patients were randomised and underwent a procedure. There was no difference in the primary endpoint of freedom from arrhythmia at 6 months (51\% in the Cartomerge group vs. 48\% in the NavX Fusion group, p = 0.76). 3D image registration was faster with Cartomerge (24 vs. 33 min, p = 0.0001), used less fluoroscopic screening (11 vs. 15 min, p = 0.039) with a lower fluoroscopic dose (840 vs. 1,415 mGyCm2, p = 0.043). There was a strong trend to lower ablation times in the Cartomerge group, overall RF time (3,292 s vs. 4,041, p = 0.07). Distance from 3D lesion to 3D image shell was smaller in the Cartomerge group (2.7 {\textpm} 1.9 vs. 3.3 {\textpm} 3.7 mm, p {\textless} 0.001). Conclusions Cartomerge appears to be faster and uses less fluoroscopy to achieve registration than NavX Fusion, but overall procedural times and clinical outcomes are similar.},
language = {en},
number = {2},
urldate = {2014-12-21},
journal = {Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology},
author = {Finlay, Malcolm C. and Hunter, Ross J. and Baker, Victoria and Richmond, Laura and Goromonzi, Farai and Thomas, Glyn and Rajappan, Kim and Duncan, Edward and Tayebjee, Muzahir and Dhinoja, Mehul and Sporton, Simon and Earley, Mark J. and Schilling, Richard J.},
month = mar,
year = {2012},
keywords = {3D mapping, Atrial Fibrillation, cardiology, Catheter Ablation, Image integration},
pages = {161--169},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5NIMRWX3/Finlay et al. - 2012 - A randomised comparison of Cartomerge vs. NavX fus.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/AURQMGG8/10.html:text/html}
}
@article{foot_demographics_2000,
title = {Demographics and cardiology, 1950{\textendash}2050},
volume = {35},
issn = {0735-1097},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00561-1},
doi = {10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00561-1},
abstract = {Changing demographics, in particular the aging of the North American population, contribute to the understanding of trends in such diverse areas as education, housing, crime, marketing, unemployment, recreation, and health care (1-2). Although annual changes in many of these sectors are influenced by the changing state of the economy and, in some instances, the impact of new legislative or administrative initiatives, longer-term trends are determined to a much greater extent by trends in demographics and technology.},
number = {4},
urldate = {2014-12-24},
journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
author = {Foot, David K. and Lewis, Richard P. and Pearson, Thomas A. and Beller, George A.},
month = mar,
year = {2000},
keywords = {aging, demography, Heart Diseases, trend},
pages = {1067--1081},
file = {05611.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/3D3PEMUC/05611.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{cirillo_c-reactive_2005,
title = {C-reactive protein induces tissue factor expression and promotes smooth muscle and endothelial cell proliferation},
volume = {68},
issn = {0008-6363 (Print)},
number = {1},
journal = {Cardiovascular Research},
author = {Cirillo, P. and Golino, P. and Calabro, P. and Cali, G. and Ragni, M. and De Rosa, S. and Cimmino, G. and Pacileo, M. and De Palma, R. and Forte, L. and Gargiulo, A. and Corigliano, F. G. and Angri, V. and Spagnuolo, R. and Nitsch, L. and Chiariello, M.},
year = {2005},
keywords = {Animals, Cell Proliferation, Cells, Cultured, Colorimetry, C-Reactive Protein/genetics/metabolism/*pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Endothelial Cells/drug effects/*metabolism, Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/analysis/metabolism, Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/genetics/metabolism, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism, NF-kappa B/metabolism, Rabbits, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Messenger/analysis, Signal Transduction/drug effects, Stimulation, Chemical, Thromboplastin/analysis/*metabolism, Up-Regulation},
pages = {47--55},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TW54ZURQ/Cirillo-2005-C-reactive protein i.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{rohrhoff_current_2014,
title = {Current status of percutaneous {PFO} closure},
volume = {16},
issn = {1523-3782, 1534-3170},
url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11886-014-0477-4},
doi = {10.1007/s11886-014-0477-4},
abstract = {The clinical significance of persistent patent foramen ovale (PFO) is not well defined. Empirically, PFO has been associated with many clinical conditions. In cryptogenic stroke, migraine, and orthodeoxia/platypnea, a plausible biologic mechanism exists to support PFO closure as a possible treatment. Although transcatheter closure of PFO has been available for over 2 decades, it has remained controversial due to a paucity of evidence to guide patient and device selection. Contemporary studies investigating PFO closure as treatment for patients with these conditions have been published recently and longitudinal data regarding the safety and efficacy of the devices is now available. In this review, we aim to describe the potential clinical significance of a patent foramen in the adult, appraise the newest additions to the body of evidence, and discuss the safety, benefit, patient selection, and future of transcatheter treatment of PFO.},
language = {en},
number = {5},
urldate = {2014-12-24},
journal = {Current Cardiology Reports},
author = {Rohrhoff, N. and Vavalle, J. P. and Halim, S. and Kiefer, T. L. and Harrison, J. K.},
month = may,
year = {2014},
keywords = {cardiology, Cryptogenic stroke, Migraine headache, Patent foramen ovale, Percutaneous closure, PFO},
pages = {1--9},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/DZEC9Z2K/Rohrhoff et al. - 2014 - Current Status of Percutaneous PFO Closure.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/HBSDMQB6/10.html:text/html}
}
@article{davis_unified_1994,
title = {A unified treatment of small-angle {X}-ray scattering, {X}-ray refraction and absorption using the {Rytov} approximation},
volume = {50},
issn = {0108-7673},
number = {6},
journal = {Acta Crystallographica Section A},
author = {Davis, T.},
year = {1994},
pages = {686--690},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/97IEX7IB/DavisScatter.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{dobbe_gene-expression_2008,
title = {Gene-expression assays: new tools to individualize treatment of early-stage breast cancer},
volume = {65},
issn = {1535-2900 (Electronic)},
url = {http://www.ajhp.org/cgi/content/abstract/65/1/23 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18159035},
number = {1},
journal = {American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy},
author = {Dobbe, E. and Gurney, K. and Kiekow, S. and Lafferty, J. S. and Kolesar, J. M.},
year = {2008},
keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/drug therapy/prevention \& control, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Female, Gene Expression Profiling/economics/*methods, Humans, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/economics/*methods, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/*diagnosis/drug therapy/prevention \& control, Neoplasm Staging, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tamoxifen/therapeutic use, Tumor Markers, Biological/analysis},
pages = {23--8}
}
@article{kim_insights_2007,
title = {Insights, challenges, and future directions in irinogenetics},
volume = {29},
issn = {0163-4356 (Print)},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=17529881},
number = {3},
journal = {Therapeutic Drug Monitoring},
author = {Kim, T. W. and Innocenti, F.},
year = {2007},
keywords = {*Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects/metabolism/therapeutic, *Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/metabolism/physiology, Area Under Curve, Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics, Camptothecin/adverse effects/*analogs \&, derivatives/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use, Humans, Liver/enzymology/metabolism, Neoplasms/drug therapy, Pharmacogenetics, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Genetic, use},
pages = {265--70}
}
@article{zwaka_c-reactive_2001,
title = {C-reactive protein-mediated low density lipoprotein uptake by macrophages: {Implications} for atherosclerosis},
volume = {103},
issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)},
number = {9},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Zwaka, T. P. and Hombach, V. and Torzewski, J.},
year = {2001},
keywords = {Arteriosclerosis/metabolism, C-Reactive Protein/*pharmacology, Humans, Lipoproteins, LDL/*pharmacokinetics, Macrophages/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism, Microscopy, Confocal, Receptors, IgG/metabolism},
pages = {1194--7},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/94F4AMSC/Zwaka-2001-C-reactive protein-m.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{hanioka_interaction_2002,
title = {Interaction of irinotecan ({CPT}-11) and its active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin ({SN}-38) with human cytochrome {P}450 enzymes},
volume = {30},
issn = {0090-9556 (Print)},
number = {4},
journal = {Drug Metabolism and Disposition},
author = {Hanioka, N. and Ozawa, S. and Jinno, H. and Tanaka-Kagawa, T. and Nishimura, T. and Ando, M. and Sawada Ji, J.},
year = {2002},
keywords = {Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/*chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Binding, Competitive/drug effects, Camptothecin/analogs \& derivatives/*chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Catalase/chemistry/pharmacology, Cell Line, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/antagonists \&, Deferoxamine/chemistry/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Interactions, Enzyme Activation/drug effects, Enzyme Inhibitors/*chemistry/pharmacology, Glutathione/chemistry/pharmacology, Humans, inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism, Isoenzymes/antagonists \& inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism, Microsomes/chemistry/enzymology, Mixed Function Oxygenases/antagonists \& inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism, Protein Binding/drug effects},
pages = {391--6},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/MIAAMTFE/Hanioka-2002-Interaction of irino.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@inproceedings{constantinides_automated_2010,
address = {Belfast, UK},
title = {Automated heart localization for the segmentation of the ventricular cavities on cine magnetic resonance images},
isbn = {978-1-4244-7318-2},
abstract = {In this paper, a previously developed segmentation algorithm was improved by adding a fully automated definition of a region of interest around the left ventricle. The method, dedicated to cine images, proceeds in two major steps. First, heart localization was achieved by exploiting the heart's beating motion. Then, a region of interest was created around the left ventricle by exploiting its circularity. Segmentation of the left ventricle was also performed with the previously proposed approach. The algorithm was tested on the cine MR images of the 2009 MICCAI Challenge database, including 45 subjects. The regions of interest and resulting segmentation were visually graded slice by slice. Heart localization was successful in all cases, and the restricted region of interest was acceptable in 2/3 of all cases. Finally the segmentation using the fully automated approach was satisfying for about 50\% of the slices.},
language = {English},
booktitle = {Computing in {Cardiology}, 2010},
publisher = {IEEE},
author = {Constantinides, C. and Chenoune, Y. and Mousseaux, E. and Roullot, E. and Frouin, F.},
month = sep,
year = {2010},
keywords = {automated heart localization, biomedical MRI, Blood, cardiology, Cavity resonators, cine magnetic resonance images, fully automated approach, Heart, heart beating motion, image motion analysis, image segmentation, Left ventricle, Magnetic resonance, Manuals, medical image processing, segmentation algorithm, Transforms, ventricular cavities},
pages = {911--914},
file = {IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THDGHSVT/Constantinides et al. - 2010 - Automated heart localization for the segmentation .pdf:application/pdf}
}
@book{evans_statistical_2000,
address = {New York},
edition = {3rd},
title = {Statistical {Distributions}},
isbn = {9780471371243},
abstract = {From the reviews:"Concise and useful summaries of the salient facts and formulas relating to [various] distributions." -Journal of the American Statistical Association"A worthwhile reference." -Journal of Quality TechnologySince the previous edition of this popular guide to the most commonly used statistical distributions was published in 1993, statistical methods have found many new applications in science, medicine, engineering, business/finance, and the social sciences. To keep pace with these developments and to highlight the growing influence of statistical software and data management techniques, this new edition is now thoroughly updated and revised. Through clear, concise, easy-to-follow presentations, the authors discuss the key facts and formulas for 40 major probability distributions, fine-tune all existing material, and continue to offer ready access to vital information gleaned from hard-to-find places across the literature. Highly useful both as an introduction to basic principles and as a quick reference guide, Statistical Distributions, Third Edition:* Presents the 40 distributions in alphabetical order* Provides all key formulas for each distribution* Adds a new chapter on the Empirical Distribution Function* Expands the Weibull Distribution to cover the 3 and 5 parameter versions* Incorporates diagrams and tables illustrating the characteristics of each distribution* Discusses the types of application for which distributions are used* Features references to relevant software packages},
language = {English},
publisher = {Wiley-Interscience},
author = {Evans, Merran and Hastings, Nicholas and Peacock, Brian},
month = jun,
year = {2000}
}
@article{cipriani_comparative_2009,
title = {Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis},
volume = {373},
issn = {1474-547X (Electronic)},
number = {9665},
journal = {The Lancet},
author = {Cipriani, A. and Furukawa, T. A. and Salanti, G. and Geddes, J. R. and Higgins, J. P. and Churchill, R. and Watanabe, N. and Nakagawa, A. and Omori, I. M. and McGuire, H. and Tansella, M. and Barbui, C.},
year = {2009},
keywords = {Antidepressive Agents/classification/ therapeutic use, Depressive Disorder, Major/ drug therapy, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic},
pages = {746--58},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/BGN3GEDR/sdarticle.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@incollection{gagliardi_rontgen_1996,
series = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}},
title = {R{\"o}ntgen and the {Discovery}},
number = {1},
booktitle = {A {History} of the {Radiological} {Sciences}: {Diagnosis}},
publisher = {Radiology Centennial, Inc.},
author = {Patton, Dennis D.},
editor = {Gagliardi, Raymond A. and McClennan, Bruce L.},
year = {1996},
pages = {31--46},
file = {RCI_D_c02.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WKK2IDDI/RCI_D_c02.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{doggrell_is_2006,
title = {Is atorvastatin superior to other statins? {Analysis} of the clinical trials with atorvastatin having cardiovascular endpoints},
volume = {1},
issn = {1574-8871 (Print)},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=18473965},
number = {2},
journal = {Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials},
author = {Doggrell, S. A.},
year = {2006},
keywords = {*Clinical Trials as Topic, Amlodipine/therapeutic use, Anticholesteremic Agents/*therapeutic use, Azetidines/therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention \& control, Clofibric Acid/therapeutic use, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/therapeutic use, Fluorobenzenes/therapeutic use, Heptanoic Acids/*therapeutic use, Humans, Indoles/therapeutic use, Pravastatin/therapeutic use, Pyrimidines/therapeutic use, Pyrroles/*therapeutic use, Simvastatin/therapeutic use, Sulfonamides/therapeutic use},
pages = {143--53}
}
@article{iuliano_radiolabeled_2000,
title = {Radiolabeled native low-density lipoprotein injected into patients with carotid stenosis accumulates in macrophages of atherosclerotic plaque: {Effect} of vitamin {E} supplementation},
volume = {101},
issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)},
number = {11},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Iuliano, L. and Mauriello, A. and Sbarigia, E. and Spagnoli, L. G. and Violi, F.},
year = {2000},
keywords = {Actins/metabolism, Aged, Antigens, CD/metabolism, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism, Autoradiography, Carotid Arteries/metabolism/pathology, Carotid Stenosis/*metabolism/pathology/surgery, Endarterectomy, Female, Foam Cells/metabolism, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Injections, Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/*metabolism/pathology/surgery, Iodine Radioisotopes, Lipoproteins, LDL/*pharmacokinetics, Macrophages/*metabolism, Male, Vitamin E/*pharmacology},
pages = {1249--54},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PS8BWMVS/Iuliano-2000-Radiolabeled native.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{tops_left_2014,
title = {Left atrial fibrosis and recurrent arrhythmia},
volume = {311},
issn = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.5184},
doi = {10.1001/jama.2014.5184},
abstract = {To the Editor In the Delayed-Enhancement MRI Determinant of Successful Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (DECAAF) study, Dr Marrouche and colleagues1 demonstrated that assessment of left atrial fibrosis with delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was associated with the likelihood of recurrent arrhythmia after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). It is well recognized that the outcome of catheter ablation procedures depends on appropriate patient selection and the exact ablation strategy.2 To what extent then does the DECAAF study truly add incremental value for optimal patient selection and individualized ablation strategy?},
number = {22},
urldate = {2014-08-22},
journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
author = {Tops, L. F. and Schalij, M. J.},
month = jun,
year = {2014},
pages = {2335},
file = {jle140068.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/KRB6TFNX/jle140068.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{wissner_catheter_2012,
title = {Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy: {Where} are we today?},
volume = {33},
copyright = {Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. {\textcopyright} The Author 2012. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com},
issn = {0195-668X, 1522-9645},
shorttitle = {Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy},
url = {http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/12/1440},
doi = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehs007},
abstract = {According to the current guidelines, patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) or non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) at risk for sudden cardiac death should undergo implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Although ICDs effectively terminate ventricular arrhythmias, the arrhythmogenic substrate remains unchanged or may progress over time, resulting in recurrent ICD shocks. Defibrillator shocks increase mortality and worsen quality of life. Evidence from two prospective randomized trials on outcome in patients with ischaemic heart disease undergoing catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) suggests that ablation prevents recurrence of VT and decreases the number of ICD shocks. This review will highlight the recent progress made in the ablative treatment of VT in patients with ICM and NICM.},
language = {en},
number = {12},
urldate = {2015-01-08},
journal = {European Heart Journal},
author = {Wissner, Erik and Stevenson, William G. and Kuck, Karl-Heinz},
month = jun,
year = {2012},
pmid = {22411192},
note = {According to the current guidelines, patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) or non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) at risk for sudden cardiac death should undergo implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Although ICDs effectively terminate ventricular arrhythmias, the arrhythmogenic substrate remains unchanged or may progress over time, resulting in recurrent ICD shocks. Defibrillator shocks increase mortality and worsen quality of life. Evidence from two prospective randomized trials on outcome in patients with ischaemic heart disease undergoing catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) suggests that ablation prevents recurrence of VT and decreases the number of ICD shocks. This review will highlight the recent progress made in the ablative treatment of VT in patients with ICM and NICM.},
pages = {1440--1450},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/J7H7N94I/Wissner et al. - 2012 - Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in is.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/F8G7XG5R/1440.html:text/html}
}
@article{prout_life_1972,
title = {Life expectancy of college oarsmen},
volume = {220},
url = {http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/220/13/1709.abstract},
doi = {10.1001/jama.1972.03200130039008},
abstract = {For 100 years, college rowing has been accused of producing injury and early death. Earlier studies indicated that rowing was safe, and that athletics do not injure the heart or shorten life. One hundred seventy-two varsity oarsmen, when compared with random controls, lived longer. The factors contributing to this longevity do not include height, social class, or educational level.},
number = {13},
urldate = {2012-01-16},
journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
author = {Prout, Curtis},
month = jun,
year = {1972},
pages = {1709 --1711},
file = {jama_220_13_008.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JF3NJ5UC/jama_220_13_008.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{pfeiffer_hard-x-ray_2008,
title = {Hard-{X}-ray dark-field imaging using a grating interferometer},
volume = {7},
issn = {1476-1122},
number = {2},
journal = {Nature Materials},
author = {Pfeiffer, F. and Bech, M. and Bunk, O. and Kraft, P. and Eikenberry, E. F. and Bronnimann, Ch. and Grunzweig, C. and David, C.},
year = {2008},
pages = {134--137},
file = {nmat2096.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TGDS6HWZ/nmat2096.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{mcmanigle_treatment_1989,
title = {Treatment for primary pulmonary hypertension: {Back} to the future},
volume = {96},
issn = {0012-3692},
url = {http://apps.webofknowledge.com/InboundService.do?GSPage=TC&UT=A1989AU99400042&viewType=summary&pReturnLink=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2F&pSrcDesc=Back+to+Google+Scholar&IsProductCode=Yes&mode=CitingArticles&product=WOS&SID=3EGwArImrUll9RPb6yq&smartRedirect=yes&SrcApp=GSSearch&DestFail=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webofknowledge.com%3FDestApp%3DCEL%26DestParams%3D%253Faction%253Dsearch%2526viewType%253Dsummary%2526mode%253DCitingArticles%2526product%253DCEL%2526customersID%253DScholar%2526pReturnLink%253Dhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fscholar.google.com%25252F%2526pSrcDesc%253DBack%252520to%252520Google%252520Scholar%2526GSPage%253DTC%2526UT%253DA1989AU99400042%26e%3D0pwzMGVnWIUK6jFWCS15j6QnKLPJ0rFjZl18iOzlafht40u.R3MnuashBR3qfDGC%26SrcApp%3DGSSearch%26SrcAuth%3DScholar&Init=Yes&action=search&Func=Frame&customersID=Scholar&SrcAuth=Scholar},
doi = {10.1378/chest.96.4.900},
number = {4},
urldate = {2013-11-21},
journal = {Chest},
author = {McManigle, J. E. and Tenholder, M. F.},
month = oct,
year = {1989},
pages = {900},
file = {backToTheFuture.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/H2AMNPID/backToTheFuture.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{scheinman_catheter-induced_1982,
title = {Catheter-induced ablation of the atrioventricular junction to control refractory supraventricular arrhythmias},
volume = {248},
issn = {0098-7484},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1982.03330070039027},
doi = {10.1001/jama.1982.03330070039027},
abstract = {Five patients with recurrent bouts of supraventricular tachycardia proved resistant or became intolerant of both conventional and experimental drugs. These patients were subjected to a new procedure involving delivery of DC shocks to an electrode catheter positioned adjacent to the His bundle. Complete atrioventricular (AV) block was produced in all, one patient died suddenly six weeks after shock therapy, and the remainder had complete AV block with follow-up intervals ranging from four to 12 months. Shock therapy was associated with mild elevations of creatine phosphokinase MB (31{\textpm} 18 units), but there was no hemodynamic evidence of tricuspid insufficiency. If this new technique proves safe and effective, it should supplant the need for open heart surgical procedures for His-bundle ablation.(JAMA 1982;248:851-855)},
number = {7},
urldate = {2014-12-24},
journal = {Journal of the American Medical Association},
author = {Scheinman, Melvin M. and Morady, Fred and Hess, David S. and Gonzalez, Rolando},
month = aug,
year = {1982},
pages = {851--855},
file = {jama_248_7_027.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/JTAJCGQD/jama_248_7_027.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{brooks_image_2008,
title = {Image integration using {NavX} fusion: {Initial} experience and validation},
volume = {5},
issn = {1547-5271},
shorttitle = {Image integration using {NavX} fusion},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527108000179},
doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.01.008},
abstract = {Background
Three-dimensional virtual anatomic navigation is increasingly used during mapping and ablation of complex arrhythmias. NavX Fusion software aims to mold the virtual anatomy to the patient{\textquoteright}s computed tomography (CT) image; however, the accuracy and clinical usefulness of this system have not been reported.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy and describe the initial experience of CT image integration using NavX Fusion for atrial fibrillation ablation.
Methods
This study consisted of 55 consecutive patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation using NavX Fusion navigation. Left atrial NavX geometries were compared to a corresponding CT for geometric match. Geometric match, expressed as the difference in millimeters between CT and NavX geometry, was calculated for the original geometry (GEO-1), field scaled and primary fused geometry (GEO-2), and final secondary fused geometry (GEO-3). Navigational accuracy was assessed by moving the catheter to 10 discrete anatomic sites and determining the distance between the catheter tip and the closest GEO-2, GEO-3, and CT surface. Fusion integration time and procedural and fluoroscopic durations were recorded to assess clinical usefulness.
Results
GEO-1, GEO-2 and GEO-3 were associated with CT{\textendash}GEO errors of 6.6 {\textpm} 2.8 mm, 4.1 {\textpm} 0.7 mm, 1.9 {\textpm} 0.4 mm, respectively. Navigational accuracy was not significantly different for GEO-2, GEO-3, and CT at 3.4 {\textpm} 1.6 mm to any surface. A significant (P <=.001) inverse curvilinear relationship was present between case number and the time required for image integration (r2 = 0.35) and the fluoroscopic time normalized for procedural duration (r2 = 0.18).
Conclusion
Image integration using the NavX Fusion software is highly accurate and is associated with a progressive reduction in fluoroscopic time relative to procedural duration.},
number = {4},
urldate = {2013-05-21},
journal = {Heart Rhythm},
author = {Brooks, Anthony G. and Wilson, Lauren and Kuklik, Pawel and Stiles, Martin K. and John, Bobby and {Shashidhar} and Dimitri, Hany and Lau, Dennis H. and Roberts-Thomson, Ross L. and Wong, Christopher X. and Young, Glenn D. and Sanders, Prashanthan},
month = apr,
year = {2008},
keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, computed tomography, Three-dimensional image integration},
pages = {526--535},
file = {1-s2.0-S1547527108000179-main.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/I8WIBX7J/1-s2.0-S1547527108000179-main.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FJKNMWU2/Brooks et al. - 2008 - Image integration using NavX fusion Initial exper.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/FGBHSPMW/Brooks et al. - 2008 - Image integration using NavX fusion Initial exper.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/WQTWZKM4/abstract.html:text/html}
}
@article{hsu_quantitative_2006-1,
title = {Quantitative myocardial infarction on delayed enhancement {MRI}. {Part} {I}: {Animal} validation of an automated feature analysis and combined thresholding infarct sizing algorithm},
volume = {23},
issn = {1053-1807 (Print)},
number = {3},
journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging},
author = {Hsu, L. Y. and Natanzon, A. and Kellman, P. and Hirsch, G. A. and Aletras, A. H. and Arai, A. E.},
year = {2006},
keywords = {Algorithms, Animals, Contrast Media, Dogs, Gadolinium DTPA/diagnostic use, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/ methods, Myocardial Infarction/ pathology, Observer Variation, Tetrazolium Salts},
pages = {298--308},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QVBAPFFT/Arai MI_MRI1.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{de_alexandria_psnakes_2014,
title = {{pSnakes}: {A} new radial active contour model and its application in the segmentation of the left ventricle from echocardiographic images},
volume = {116},
issn = {0169-2607},
shorttitle = {{pSnakes}},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169260714002077},
doi = {10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.05.009},
abstract = {Active contours are image segmentation methods that minimize the total energy of the contour to be segmented. Among the active contour methods, the radial methods have lower computational complexity and can be applied in real time. This work aims to present a new radial active contour technique, called pSnakes, using the 1D Hilbert transform as external energy. The pSnakes method is based on the fact that the beams in ultrasound equipment diverge from a single point of the probe, thus enabling the use of polar coordinates in the segmentation. The control points or nodes of the active contour are obtained in pairs and are called twin nodes. The internal energies as well as the external one, Hilbertian energy, are redefined. The results showed that pSnakes can be used in image segmentation of short-axis echocardiogram images and that they were effective in image segmentation of the left ventricle. The echo-cardiologist's golden standard showed that the pSnakes was the best method when compared with other methods. The main contributions of this work are the use of pSnakes and Hilbertian energy, as the external energy, in image segmentation. The Hilbertian energy is calculated by the 1D Hilbert transform. Compared with traditional methods, the pSnakes method is more suitable for ultrasound images because it is not affected by variations in image contrast, such as noise. The experimental results obtained by the left ventricle segmentation of echocardiographic images demonstrated the advantages of the proposed model. The results presented in this paper are justified due to an improved performance of the Hilbert energy in the presence of speckle noise.},
number = {3},
urldate = {2015-04-27},
journal = {Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine},
author = {de Alexandria, Auzuir Ripardo and Cortez, Paulo C{\'e}sar and Bessa, Jessyca Almeida and da Silva F{\'e}lix, John Hebert and de Abreu, Jos{\'e} Sebasti{\~a}o and de Albuquerque, Victor Hugo C.},
month = oct,
year = {2014},
keywords = {Echocardiogram image segmentation, Hilbertian energy, pSnakes, Radial active contour methods},
pages = {260--273},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/CXS5H8N6/de Alexandria et al. - 2014 - pSnakes A new radial active contour model and its.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/QMW7UGEH/S0169260714002077.html:text/html}
}
@article{golub_analysis_1980,
title = {An analysis of the total least squares problem},
volume = {17},
issn = {0036-1429},
url = {http://epubs.siam.org/doi/abs/10.1137/0717073},
doi = {10.1137/0717073},
abstract = {Total Least Squares (TLS) is a method of fitting that is appropriate when there are errors in both the observation vector \$b(m {\textbackslash}times 1)\$ and in the data matrix \$A(m {\textbackslash}times n)\$. The technique has been discussed by several authors, and amounts to fitting a {\textquotedblleft}best{\textquotedblright} subspace to the points \$(a\_i{\textasciicircum}T ,b\_i ),i = 1, {\textbackslash}cdots ,m\$, where \$a\_i{\textasciicircum}T \$ is the ith row of A. In this paper a singular value decomposition analysis of the TLS problem is presented. The sensitivity of the TLS problem as well as its relationship to ordinary least squares regression is explored. An algorithm for solving the TLS problem is proposed that utilizes the singular value decomposition and which provides a measure of the underlying problem{\textquoteright}s sensitivity., Total Least Squares (TLS) is a method of fitting that is appropriate when there are errors in both the observation vector \$b(m {\textbackslash}times 1)\$ and in the data matrix \$A(m {\textbackslash}times n)\$. The technique has been discussed by several authors, and amounts to fitting a {\textquotedblleft}best{\textquotedblright} subspace to the points \$(a\_i{\textasciicircum}T ,b\_i ),i = 1, {\textbackslash}cdots ,m\$, where \$a\_i{\textasciicircum}T \$ is the ith row of A. In this paper a singular value decomposition analysis of the TLS problem is presented. The sensitivity of the TLS problem as well as its relationship to ordinary least squares regression is explored. An algorithm for solving the TLS problem is proposed that utilizes the singular value decomposition and which provides a measure of the underlying problem{\textquoteright}s sensitivity.},
number = {6},
urldate = {2014-08-27},
journal = {SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis},
author = {Golub, G. and van Loan, C.},
month = dec,
year = {1980},
pages = {883--893},
file = {document.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/RG9Q7TU7/document.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/Z3SW393V/0717073.html:text/html}
}
@article{gagne_common_2002,
title = {Common human {UGT}1A polymorphisms and the altered metabolism of irinotecan active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin ({SN}-38)},
volume = {62},
issn = {0026-895X (Print)},
number = {3},
journal = {Molecular Pharmacology},
author = {Gagne, J. F. and Montminy, V. and Belanger, P. and Journault, K. and Gaucher, G. and Guillemette, C.},
year = {2002},
keywords = {*Polymorphism, Genetic, Camptothecin/*analogs \& derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology, Catalysis, Cells, Cultured, Glucuronates/*metabolism, Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/*metabolism, Humans, Isoenzymes/genetics/*metabolism, Microsomes, Liver/metabolism, Recombinant Proteins/metabolism},
pages = {608--17},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/THQBV6Z4/Gagne-2002-Common human UGT1A p.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@book{leeson_cardiovascular_2011,
address = {Oxford},
edition = {1st},
series = {Oxford {Specialist} {Handbooks} in {Cardiology}},
title = {Cardiovascular {Imaging}},
isbn = {9780199568451},
abstract = {A range of cardiac imaging techniques are available, each with a unique approach. Most existing imaging books are predominantly modality focused; however today's clinical cardiologist needs to learn how to apply and integrate information from the different modalities to aid clinical decision-making.In full colour throughout, and based on European Society of Cardiology guidelines, Cardiac Imaging is an essential resource for all clinical trainees, It provides practical hands-on advice for cardiology, medical, radiology and technical personnel who need easily accessible, detailed information on how to use the full range of imaging modalities to investigate cardiac disease. The handbook provides a comparative overview of the different techniques and how they can be applied in different pathologies, acting as a portal to more in-depth, modality focused texts.},
language = {English},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
editor = {Leeson, Paul},
month = aug,
year = {2011}
}
@article{holmes_percutaneous_2009,
title = {Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: {A} randomised non-inferiority trial},
volume = {374},
issn = {0140-6736},
shorttitle = {Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067360961343X},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61343-X},
abstract = {SummaryBackground
In patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, embolic stroke is thought to be associated with left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi. We assessed the efficacy and safety of percutaneous closure of the LAA for prevention of stroke compared with warfarin treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Methods
Adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation were eligible for inclusion in this multicentre, randomised non-inferiority trial if they had at least one of the following: previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack, congestive heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, or were 75 years or older. 707 eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio by computer-generated randomisation sequence to percutaneous closure of the LAA and subsequent discontinuation of warfarin (intervention; n=463) or to warfarin treatment with a target international normalised ratio between 2{\textperiodcentered}0 and 3{\textperiodcentered}0 (control; n=244). Efficacy was assessed by a primary composite endpoint of stroke, cardiovascular death, and systemic embolism. We selected a one-sided probability criterion of non-inferiority for the intervention of at least 97{\textperiodcentered}5\%, by use of a two-fold non-inferiority margin. Serious adverse events that constituted the primary endpoint for safety included major bleeding, pericardial effusion, and device embolisation. Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT00129545.
Findings
At 1065 patient-years of follow-up, the primary efficacy event rate was 3{\textperiodcentered}0 per 100 patient-years (95\% credible interval [CrI] 1{\textperiodcentered}9{\textendash}4{\textperiodcentered}5) in the intervention group and 4{\textperiodcentered}9 per 100 patient-years (2{\textperiodcentered}8{\textendash}7{\textperiodcentered}1) in the control group (rate ratio [RR] 0{\textperiodcentered}62, 95\% CrI 0{\textperiodcentered}35{\textendash}1{\textperiodcentered}25). The probability of non-inferiority of the intervention was more than 99{\textperiodcentered}9\%. Primary safety events were more frequent in the intervention group than in the control group (7{\textperiodcentered}4 per 100 patient-years, 95\% CrI 5{\textperiodcentered}5{\textendash}9{\textperiodcentered}7, vs 4{\textperiodcentered}4 per 100 patient-years, 95\% CrI 2{\textperiodcentered}5{\textendash}6{\textperiodcentered}7; RR 1{\textperiodcentered}69, 1{\textperiodcentered}01{\textendash}3{\textperiodcentered}19).
Interpretation
The efficacy of percutaneous closure of the LAA with this device was non-inferior to that of warfarin therapy. Although there was a higher rate of adverse safety events in the intervention group than in the control group, events in the intervention group were mainly a result of periprocedural complications. Closure of the LAA might provide an alternative strategy to chronic warfarin therapy for stroke prophylaxis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.
Funding
Atritech.},
number = {9689},
urldate = {2014-12-22},
journal = {The Lancet},
author = {Holmes, David R. and Reddy, Vivek Y. and Turi, Zoltan G. and Doshi, Shephal K. and Sievert, Horst and Buchbinder, Maurice and Mullin, Christopher M. and Sick, Peter},
month = aug,
year = {2009},
pages = {534--542},
file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/U6TKP9PG/Holmes et al. - 2009 - Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/G9URN795/S014067360961343X.html:text/html}
}
@article{sood_prenatal_2001,
title = {Prenatal alcohol exposure and childhood behavior at age 6 to 7 years: {I}. dose-response effect},
volume = {108},
issn = {1098-4275 (Electronic)},
number = {2},
journal = {Pediatrics},
author = {Sood, B. and Delaney-Black, V. and Covington, C. and Nordstrom-Klee, B. and Ager, J. and Templin, T. and Janisse, J. and Martier, S. and Sokol, R. J.},
year = {2001},
keywords = {*Maternal Exposure, *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Alcohol Drinking/*adverse effects/epidemiology, Child, Child Behavior Disorders/chemically induced/diagnosis/*epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Ethanol/*adverse effects, Female, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/complications/epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Pregnancy, Regression Analysis},
pages = {E34},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TD5MEVH5/Sood-2001-Prenatal alcohol exp.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@inproceedings{narayanan_local_2007,
address = {San Diego, CA, USA},
title = {Local mismatch location and spatial scale detection in image registration},
volume = {6512},
booktitle = {Medical {Imaging} 2007: {Image} {Processing}},
publisher = {SPIE},
author = {Narayanan, R. and Fessler, J. A. and Ma, B. and Park, H. and Meyer, C. R.},
year = {2007},
pages = {65121X--8},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/TGHXR75P/MeyerMismatch.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{kistin_atrial_1967,
title = {Atrial rhythm in ventricular tachycardia occurring during cardiac catheterization},
volume = {35},
issn = {0009-7322, 1524-4539},
url = {http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/35/1/10},
doi = {10.1161/01.CIR.35.1.10},
abstract = {The atrial rhythm was studied in 38 patients during runs of tachycardia of five or more beats in sequence which occurred during cardiac catheterization and whose ventricular site of origin could be established with considerable confidence. Simultaneous esophageal and other leads were recorded. The most frequent mechanism was retrograde conduction to the atria with varying degrees of V-A (ventriculo-atrial) block which occurred in 26 of the 38 patients. Runs of ventricular tachycardia with one-to-one V-A conduction occurred in 13 patients. Runs with an independent atrial rhythm (A-V dissociation) occurred in nine patients. Varying atrial mechanisms during different runs of tachycardia occurred in 11 patients. The minimum QRS-to-retrograde P intervals in 24 of 35 patients with V-A conduction were within 0.03 sec of P-R interval. The briefest QRS-to-retrograde P interval observed was 0.09 sec. Reciprocal beats occurred in eight of 35 patients with V-A conduction.},
language = {en},
number = {1},
urldate = {2015-01-10},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Kistin, A. D. and Tawakkol, A. and Massumi, R. A.},
month = jan,
year = {1967},
pmid = {6015854},
keywords = {Atrio-ventricular dissociation, cardiac arrhythmia, Reciprocal beating, Ventriculo-atrial (retrograde) conduction},
pages = {10--14},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/9WNMH3R3/Kistin et al. - 1967 - Atrial Rhythm in Ventricular Tachycardia Occurring.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/94HSN9IE/10.html:text/html}
}
@article{cole_sources_1971,
title = {Sources of variation in menstrual blood loss},
volume = {78},
issn = {0022-3204},
language = {eng},
number = {10},
journal = {The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth},
author = {Cole, S. K. and Billewicz, W. Z. and Thomson, A. M.},
month = oct,
year = {1971},
pmid = {5111902},
keywords = {adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Birth Weight, Body Height, Contraceptives, Oral, England, Female, Humans, Intrauterine Devices, Menstruation, Parity, Uterus},
pages = {933--939}
}
@article{defauw_surgical_1992,
title = {Surgical therapy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with the "corridor" operation},
volume = {53},
issn = {0003-4975},
abstract = {Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation may be extremely disabled despite medical therapy. Based on recent concepts of atrial fibrillation, a surgical open heart procedure was designed to isolate a "corridor" from the right and the left atrium. The corridor consists of the sinus node area, the atrioventricular nodal junction, and the connecting right atrial mass, small enough to prevent atrial fibrillation. Between 1987 and 1990, 20 patients with severely disabling symptoms due to frequent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation underwent the corridor operation, with permanent success in 16 patients. In 8 patients, left atrium to corridor conduction reappeared shortly after the procedure. Reoperation was performed in these patients without extracorporeal circulation. The site of persistent conduction between the left atrium and the corridor could consistently be localized adjacent to the coronary sinus. Nevertheless, reoperation failed to isolate permanently the corridor in 4 patients. During a mean follow-up of 20 months, atrial fibrillation dominating the ventricles was never observed nor inducible in the corridor in the 16 patients with a successful operation. In all cured patients, sinus node function remained undisturbed. Paroxysmal atrial flutter inside the corridor arose in 1 patient and a paroxysmal focal tachycardia in another. All 16 cured patients experienced a clear improvement in quality of life. Refinement of the surgical technique to obtain persistent isolation between the left atrium and the corridor is needed. These results demonstrate that the concept of the corridor operation is sound and justify its use in the treatment of drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.},
language = {eng},
number = {4},
journal = {The Annals of Thoracic Surgery},
author = {Defauw, J. J. and Guiraudon, G. M. and van Hemel, N. M. and Vermeulen, F. E. and Kingma, J. H. and de Bakker, J. M.},
month = apr,
year = {1992},
pmid = {1554262},
keywords = {Adult, Aged, Atrial Fibrillation, Atrioventricular Node, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Cerebrovascular Disorders, cryosurgery, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Atria, Heart Rate, Heart Septum, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Monitoring, Intraoperative, sinoatrial node},
pages = {564--570; discussion 571}
}
@article{rogers_c-reactive_2009,
title = {C-reactive protein, statins, and cardiovascular risk: {What} can {JUPITER} teach us?},
volume = {53},
issn = {1523-6838 (Electronic)},
number = {5},
journal = {American Journal of Kidney Disease},
author = {Rogers, A. M. and Shlipak, M. G.},
year = {2009},
pages = {737--40},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/5UMZIGEM/Kidney.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@inproceedings{fukumoto_comparison_2014,
address = {San Francisco, CA},
title = {Comparison of native versus ablation-induced scar on left atrial magnetic resonance imaging},
abstract = {Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated that the extent of left atrial (LA) myocardial native and ablation-induced scar is associated with post-ablation atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. However methodologies to distinguish native versus ablation-induced scar have not been defined. We sought to define the characteristics of native versus ablation-induced LA scar on late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods: LGE-MRI was performed before and at least 3 months after initial pulmonary vein antral isolation in 9 patients. The intra-cardiac locations of ablation points on electro-anatomic mapping were co-registered using custom software with the corresponding sites on the axial planes of post-procedural LGE-MRI. The image intensity ratio (IIR) defined as LA myocardial MRI signal intensity divided by the mean LA blood pool intensity was calculated for native scar on pre-procedural images and ablation-induced scar sites on post-procedural images.
Results: Pre- and post-procedural LGE-MRI planes were successfully co-registered with electro-anatomic map data in all cases. IIR values of 2988 ablation-induced scar sites and 1196 native scar sites collected from all patients were calculated. The mean IIR of ablation-induced scar sites on post-procedural images was 14.3\% higher than that of native scar sites on the pre-procedural MRI (1.28+/-0.26 vs. 1.12+/-0.11 p{\textless}0.001).
Conclusion: Ablation-induced scar has higher intensity than native scar on LGE-MRI suggesting greater uptake and/or reduced washout of gadolinium compared to regions with native scar.},
booktitle = {35th {Heart} {Rhythm} {Society}},
author = {Fukumoto, Kotaro and McManigle, John and Khurram, Irfan and Zimmerman, Stefan and Zipunnikov, Vadim and Spragg, David and Marine, Joseph and Ashikaga, Hiroshi and Rickard, Jack and Berger, Ronald and Calkins, Hugh and Nazarian, Saman},
month = may,
year = {2014},
note = {isabstract:true}
}
@book{glasser_wilhelm_1993,
title = {Wilhelm {Conrad} {R{\"o}ntgen} and the {Early} {History} of the {Roentgen} {Rays}},
isbn = {9780930405229},
language = {en},
publisher = {Norman Publishing},
author = {Glasser, Otto},
month = jan,
year = {1993},
keywords = {Science / Physics / General}
}
@incollection{openstax_college_cardiac_2014,
title = {Cardiac muscle and electrical activity},
url = {http://cnx.org/contents/302812e9-2d2d-4e44-8075-4bb75db53f36@3},
urldate = {2014-01-04},
booktitle = {Anatomy \& {Physiology}},
publisher = {OpenStax CNX},
author = {{OpenStax College}},
month = nov,
year = {2014},
biboverride = {OpenStax College, ``Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity,'' in {\em Anatomy \& Physiology}, 2013, accessed 4 Jan 2014: \verb!http://cnx.org/contents/! \verb!302812e9-2d2d-4e44-8075-4bb75db53f36@3!, under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.}
}
@article{pedregosa_scikit-learn_2011,
title = {Scikit-learn: {Machine} learning in {Python}},
volume = {12},
issn = {1532-4435},
shorttitle = {Scikit-learn},
url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1953048.2078195},
abstract = {Scikit-learn is a Python module integrating a wide range of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms for medium-scale supervised and unsupervised problems. This package focuses on bringing machine learning to non-specialists using a general-purpose high-level language. Emphasis is put on ease of use, performance, documentation, and API consistency. It has minimal dependencies and is distributed under the simplified BSD license, encouraging its use in both academic and commercial settings. Source code, binaries, and documentation can be downloaded from http://scikit-learn.sourceforge.net.},
urldate = {2014-08-26},
journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research},
author = {Pedregosa, Fabian and Varoquaux, Ga{\"e}l and Gramfort, Alexandre and Michel, Vincent and Thirion, Bertrand and Grisel, Olivier and Blondel, Mathieu and Prettenhofer, Peter and Weiss, Ron and Dubourg, Vincent and Vanderplas, Jake and Passos, Alexandre and Cournapeau, David and Brucher, Matthieu and Perrot, Matthieu and Duchesnay, {\'E}douard},
month = nov,
year = {2011},
pages = {2825--2830},
file = {ACM Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/VIZFEPN4/Pedregosa et al. - 2011 - Scikit-learn Machine Learning in Python.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{gupta_complications_2013,
title = {Complications of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: {A} systematic review},
volume = {6},
issn = {1941-3149, 1941-3084},
url = {http://circep.ahajournals.org/content/6/6/1082},
doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000768},
abstract = {Background{\textemdash}Atrial fibrillation ablation is an established therapy; however, limited data are available on associated complications. This systematic review determines the incidence and potential predictors of acute complications.
Methods and Results{\textemdash}Electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE for English scientific literature up to the 18th June 2012. A total of 2065 references were retrieved and evaluated for relevance. Reference lists of retrieved studies and review articles were examined to ensure all relevant studies were included. Data were extracted from 192 studies, total of 83 236 patients. The incidence of periprocedural complications for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation was 2.9\% (95\% confidence interval, 2.6{\textendash}3.2). There was a significant decrease in the acute complication rate in 2007 to 2012 compared with 2000 to 2006 (2.6\% versus 4.0\%; P=0.003). The complication rates reported were higher in prospective studies compared with those that retrospectively described complications (3.5\% versus 2.7\%; P=0.03). There were no significant associations among procedure duration, ablation time or ablation strategy, and acute complication rate.
Conclusions{\textemdash}Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation has a low incidence of periprocedural complications. The acute complication rate has decreased significantly in recent years. This may reflect improved catheter technology and experience. The use of different strategies across centers worldwide seems to be safe with no established relationship between procedural variables and complication rate.},
language = {en},
number = {6},
urldate = {2014-09-30},
journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology},
author = {Gupta, Aakriti and Perera, Tharani and Ganesan, Anand and Sullivan, Thomas and Lau, Dennis H. and Roberts-Thomson, Kurt C. and Brooks, Anthony G. and Sanders, Prashanthan},
month = dec,
year = {2013},
pmid = {24243785},
keywords = {Atrial Fibrillation, atrial fibrillation with bradyarrhythmia, Catheter Ablation, complication, peroperative, review, systematic},
pages = {1082--1088},
file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/PWFPS862/Gupta et al. - 2013 - Complications of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibri.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/XIJFU3EM/1082.html:text/html;Snapshot:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/NHMXDEJ3/1082.html:text/html}
}
@article{koenig_c-reactive_1999,
title = {C-{Reactive} protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men: results from the {MONICA} ({Monitoring} {Trends} and {Determinants} in {Cardiovascular} {Disease}) {Augsburg} {Cohort} {Study}, 1984 to 1992},
volume = {99},
issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)},
number = {2},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Koenig, W. and Sund, M. and Frohlich, M. and Fischer, H. G. and Lowel, H. and Doring, A. and Hutchinson, W. L. and Pepys, M. B.},
year = {1999},
keywords = {Biological Markers/*blood, Cohort Studies, Coronary Disease/*diagnosis, C-Reactive Protein/*analysis, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Inflammation/*blood, Male, Middle Aged, Monitoring, Physiologic, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Factors},
pages = {237--42},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/76HMZIHI/Koenig-1999-C-Reactive protein.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{campbell_solution_2014,
title = {Solution aversion: {On} the relation between ideology and motivated disbelief},
volume = {107},
issn = {0022-3514},
shorttitle = {Solution {Aversion}},
url = {http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovfto&AN=00005205-201411000-00003},
doi = {10.1037/a0037963},
abstract = {: There is often a curious distinction between what the scientific community and the general population believe to be true of dire scientific issues, and this skepticism tends to vary markedly across groups. For instance, in the case of climate change, Republicans (conservatives) are especially skeptical of the relevant science, particularly when they are compared with Democrats (liberals). What causes such radical group differences? We suggest, as have previous accounts, that this phenomenon is often motivated. However, the source of this motivation is not necessarily an aversion to the problem, per se, but an aversion to the solutions associated with the problem. This difference in underlying process holds important implications for understanding, predicting, and influencing motivated skepticism. In 4 studies, we tested this solution aversion explanation for why people are often so divided over evidence and why this divide often occurs so saliently across political party lines. Studies 1, 2, and 3-using correlational and experimental methodologies-demonstrated that Republicans' increased skepticism toward environmental sciences may be partly attributable to a conflict between specific ideological values and the most popularly discussed environmental solutions. Study 4 found that, in a different domain (crime), those holding a more liberal ideology (support for gun control) also show skepticism motivated by solution aversion., (C) 2014 by the American Psychological Association},
number = {5},
urldate = {2014-11-08},
journal = {Journal of Personality},
author = {Campbell, Troy H. and Kay, Aaron C.},
year = {2014},
keywords = {Behavioral \& Social Sciences, PsycARTICLES},
pages = {809--824},
file = {00005205-201411000-00003.pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/SMEA9EIT/00005205-201411000-00003.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{pelliccia_upper_1991,
title = {The upper limit of physiologic cardiac hypertrophy in highly trained elite athletes},
volume = {324},
issn = {0028-4793},
doi = {10.1056/NEJM199101313240504},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In some highly trained athletes, the thickness of the left ventricular wall may increase as a consequence of exercise training and resemble that found in cardiac diseases associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In these athletes, the differential diagnosis between physiologic and pathologic hypertrophy may be difficult.
METHODS: To address this issue, we measured left ventricular dimensions with echocardiography in 947 elite, highly trained athletes who participated in a wide variety of sports.
RESULTS: The thickest left ventricular wall among the athletes measured 16 mm. Wall thicknesses within a range compatible with the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (greater than or equal to 13 mm) were identified in only 16 of the 947 athletes (1.7 percent); 15 were rowers or canoeists, and 1 was a cyclist. Therefore, the wall was greater than or equal to 13 mm thick in 7 percent of 219 rowers, canoeists, and cyclists but in none of 728 participants in 22 other sports. All athletes with walls greater than or equal to 13 mm thick also had enlarged left ventricular end-diastolic cavities (dimensions, 55 to 63 mm).
CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of these data, a left-ventricular-wall thickness of greater than or equal to 13 mm is very uncommon in highly trained athletes, virtually confined to athletes training in rowing sports, and associated with an enlarged left ventricular cavity. In addition, the upper limit to which the thickness of the left ventricular wall may be increased by athletic training appears to be 16 mm. Therefore, athletes with a wall thickness of more than 16 mm and a nondilated left ventricular cavity are likely to have primary forms of pathologic hypertrophy, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.},
language = {eng},
number = {5},
journal = {The New England Journal of Medicine},
author = {Pelliccia, A. and Maron, B. J. and Spataro, A. and Proschan, M. A. and Spirito, P.},
month = jan,
year = {1991},
pmid = {1824720},
keywords = {Adult, Cardiomegaly, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Male, Myocardium, Physical Education and Training, Sports},
pages = {295--301},
file = {document (1).pdf:/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/GX3EJ87Q/document (1).pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{yoon_non-conventional_2009,
title = {Non-conventional risk factors were associated with infarct patterns in ischemic stroke},
volume = {111},
issn = {1872-6968 (Electronic)},
number = {2},
journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery},
author = {Yoon, S. R. and Bang, O. Y. and Hong, J. M. and Li, W. Y. and Lee, P. H. and Ovbiagele, B.},
year = {2009},
keywords = {Aged, Brain Infarction/blood/etiology/*pathology, Brain Ischemia/complications/*pathology, Cerebral Infarction/blood/etiology/pathology, C-Reactive Protein/analysis, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Metabolic Syndrome X/blood/complications/pathology, Middle Aged, Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism/pathology, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Stroke/complications/*pathology},
pages = {134--9},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/7524MAJP/Yoon.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@article{taylor_arbiter_2002,
title = {{ARBITER}: {Arterial} {Biology} for the {Investigation} of the {Treatment} {Effects} of {Reducing} {Cholesterol}: a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid intima medial thickness},
volume = {106},
issn = {1524-4539 (Electronic)},
number = {16},
journal = {Circulation},
author = {Taylor, A. J. and Kent, S. M. and Flaherty, P. J. and Coyle, L. C. and Markwood, T. T. and Vernalis, M. N.},
year = {2002},
keywords = {Adult, Arteriosclerosis/prevention \& control, Carotid Arteries/*drug effects/ultrasonography, Cholesterol/blood, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood, effects/*therapeutic use, Endpoint Determination, Female, Heptanoic Acids/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse, Hyperlipidemias/blood/*drug therapy/ultrasonography, Lipids/blood, Male, Middle Aged, Pravastatin/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Pyrroles/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, Tunica Intima/drug effects/ultrasonography},
pages = {2055--60},
file = {Full Text (PDF):/Users/mcmanigle/Documents/Zotero/storage/4SWIGGIK/Taylor-2002-ARBITER_ Arterial Bi.pdf:application/pdf}
}
@book{noble_textbook_2001,
address = {St. Louis, MO},
title = {Textbook of {Primary} {Care} {Medicine}},
isbn = {0-323-00828-3},
publisher = {Mosby, Inc.},
author = {Noble, John},
year = {2001}
}
@
gitextract_up65cwoz/
├── .gitignore
├── INSTALL.txt
├── LICENSE
├── Oxford_Thesis.tex
├── README.md
├── ociamthesis.cls
├── references.bib
├── splitcolor.py
└── text/
├── abbreviations.tex
├── abstract.tex
├── acknowledgements.tex
├── appendix-1.tex
├── ch1-intro.tex
└── ch2-litreview.tex
SYMBOL INDEX (5 symbols across 1 files) FILE: splitcolor.py function a2b (line 27) | def a2b(x): function iscolorppm (line 34) | def iscolorppm(filename): function pdfcolorsplit (line 85) | def pdfcolorsplit(file, doublesided, merge, use_pdftoppm, verbose): function usage (line 142) | def usage(): function main (line 157) | def main():
Condensed preview — 14 files, each showing path, character count, and a content snippet. Download the .json file or copy for the full structured content (1,328K chars).
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"path": "LICENSE",
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"preview": "MIT License\n\nOriginally by Keith A. Gillow (gillow@maths.ox.ac.uk), 1997\nModified by Sam Evans (sam@samuelevansresearch."
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About this extraction
This page contains the full source code of the mcmanigle/OxThesis GitHub repository, extracted and formatted as plain text for AI agents and large language models (LLMs). The extraction includes 14 files (1.2 MB), approximately 345.5k tokens, and a symbol index with 5 extracted functions, classes, methods, constants, and types. Use this with OpenClaw, Claude, ChatGPT, Cursor, Windsurf, or any other AI tool that accepts text input. You can copy the full output to your clipboard or download it as a .txt file.
Extracted by GitExtract — free GitHub repo to text converter for AI. Built by Nikandr Surkov.